2003 will be the Offshore Technology Conference's second year in Houston's new Reliant Center in the Reliant complex (formerly the AstroDomain). Based on last year's inaugural event, SEG attendees at OTC will enjoy big, comfortable rooms for the technical sessions, an enormous floor for technical showcase booths, on-site catering, and almost-adequate parking. (Hey, it is Houston. You can't expect the parking to be easy for an event that will draw about 50 000 people, can you? But it's a lot better than it was two years ago.) You can access the complete, and very comprehensive, OTC technical program at http://www.spe.org/otc2003.


Durability is the most important aspect of the structure, but it is not the only aspect of the structure. We also need high workability, high strength, and high modulus of elasticity, high dimensional stability, low permeability, and chemical attack resistance, as well as a special self-healing capacity for construction of high rise structures, long-span precast/prestressed bridge girders, marine, aviation, and defense construction applications and special structures. According to several investigations, bacteria of the genus Bacillus are required to boost the self-healing potential of concrete. High-strength, self-compacting, fiber-reinforced, high performance, and bacte- rial self-healing concrete are required for special and high-rise constructions. In this study, we exclusively evaluate the bacterial effect of Genus Bacillus on various self-healing capabilities of concrete in terms of concrete durability. In our research, we also include ul- tra-high performance concrete, which is employed in constructions such as high-rise building construction, long-span pre- cast/prestressed bridge girders, maritime, aviation, and defense construction applications. In this situation, a new type of concrete is formed, which is referred to as Bacterial Ultra-High-Performance Concrete. This concrete will be employed in high-rise and special- purpose structures in the future because of its great durability and low maintenance cost. Keywords Durability.Ultra-high-performance concrete.Self-healing concrete. High-strength concrete.High- performanceconcrete.Bacterial concrete. Fiber-reinforced concrete


The synthesis of Imprinted Ionic Chitosan -  Zink (IIC-Zn)  has been Reported. Chitosan for IIC-Zn was prepared by deacetylating chitin isolated from shrimp shells. Complexing chitosan using metal ion Zn(II) 3000 mg/L in acetic acid solution, then cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and metal ion precursor desorbed with Na 2 EDTA. The solid synthesis result was identified its functional group with FTIR and its degree of deacetylation was also calculated. The results showed that degree of deacetylation of chitosan from Bintuni shrimp shells  was 77%. Transformation of chitosan becomes IIC-Zn seen in the shift peak at 3448.72 cm -1 on chitosan be 3417.86 cm -1 at IIC-Zn , indicating the involvement of -OH and -NH 2 on the binding of metal ions Zn Keyword : Chitin , Chitosan , Deacetylatio , Glutaraldehyde


This paper presents an algebraic method that the component of the field element can be expressed by a simple polynomial with the element itself as the variable over GF(28 ) . The algebraic expressions of S-box and InvS-box can be resolved and the reasons why S-box has only 9 items but InvS-box has 255 items are explained with this method. In addition it proposes a quick power algorithm for polynomial over finite field. The experimental results indicate that the algorithm is better than direct multiplication.


Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in combination with electromyography (EMG) recordings can be used to map the brain regions in which TMS evokes motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in certain muscles. Navigated TMS (nTMS) is used increasingly to identify the functional motor area of different muscles for clinical applications, including neurosurgical planning. However, the accuracy of TMS-based mapping of functional motor areas may depend on the TMS-induced current direction due to anisotropic cortical morphology, complicating association of the functional motor maps with neuroanatomical structures. Furthermore, it is not clear how well nTMS can distinguish nearby muscle representations on the cortical surface. We therefore investigated the functional motor maps obtained with posterior-to-anterior (PA) and lateral-to-medial (LM) TMS-induced currents within a spatially defined area by stimulating targets in a grid of locations over the left primary motor cortex in 8 healthy participants. Results were compared to functional MRI (fMRI) activation maps obtained using a voluntary opposing thumb movement task. We found that TMS applied with PA-induced currents identifies a motor area that is located significantly more anterior (8.7 – 10.4 mm depending on the muscle) with respect to an MEP motor area identified using LM-induced currents for the same muscle. Motor maps obtained with LM-induced currents show more overlap with the motor map identified using fMRI compared to PA-induced currents. In conclusion, the spatial representation of the MEP motor map identified by TMS is dependent on the direction of the induced current. These findings suggest that the application of nTMS using an LM-induced current direction corresponds best with the hand motor area as measured with fMRI.


This study aims to examine and analyze the positive influence between the variables Socially Responsible Human Resource Management (SRHRM), Technostress Creators, employee job satisfaction on the use of Financial Technology (FinTech). The study sample consisted of 152 employees as respondents who worked in several financial institutions in Indonesia, such as banking, securities, insurance and leasing. Data obtained online through Google Form during March to May 2018. Data analysis methods use PLS-SEM to analyze data and verify research hypotheses. The results showed that the results of hypothesis 1) SRHRM had a positive impact on the purpose of using FinTech, 2) SRHRM had a positive impact on Technostress Creators, 3) Technostress Creators had a positive impact on the purpose of using FinTech, 4) SRHRM had a psychological impact on employee job satisfaction when using FinTech, 5) employee job satisfaction has a positive impact on the purpose of using FinTech


11093 Background: Recently, functional imaging techniques such as diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) have been added to routine MR and have shown great potential for improving breast cancer diagnosis. DWI depicts cellular diffusivity on a molecular level and can be quantified using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In malignant tumors diffusivity is restricted, leading to lower ADC values than benign tumors. The aim of this study was to proof, that DWI can be used to differentiate benign from malignant tumors and to elucidate if ADC can serve as an imaging biomarker for breast cancer invasiveness. Methods: In this IRB-approved study 250 patients with 267 suspicious breast lesions (BI-RADS IV-V) were included. All patients underwent routine MR at 3T. A DWI-sequence was added to a standard imaging protocol, increasing measurement time by 2:30 min. The lesions were identified in routine MR and DWI sequences and ADC values of the lesions were calculated. Histopathology was used as the standard of refere...


This book is a sweeping history of one of the most significant political institutions of the modern world. The communist party was a revolutionary idea long before its supporters came to power. The book argues that the rise and fall of communism can be understood only by taking into account the origins and evolution of this compelling idea. It shows how the leaders of parties in countries as diverse as the Soviet Union, China, Germany, Yugoslavia, Cuba, and North Korea adapted the original ideas of revolutionaries like Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin to profoundly different social and cultural settings. The book is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand world communism and the captivating idea that gave it life.


AIM: To investigate the prevalence of periodontal diseases among the military personnel at different altitudes and residential durations and then to analyse the impact of different altitudes and residential durations.METHODS: One thousand and three hundred soldiers in Yecheng of Xinjiang,LinZhi,LaSa,NaQu and RiKaZe in Tibet were selected by the simple random sampling method.They were classified into 4 groups(the plain,2900 m,3700 m and 4500 m group) according to their altitudes.And then they were divided into 4 groups(1-year,2-4-year,5-9-year and ≥10-year group) according to their residential durations.Based on The Third National Oral Health Investigation criteria,all the soldiers were asked to fill in a questionnaire,and the pocket depth(PD) and attachment loss(AL) of their first and second molars,right maxillary central incisor and left mandibular central incisor were examined respectively.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the champaign group and the 1-year group(the 2900 m,3700 m and 4500 m group)(P0.05).The PD and AL of the champaign group were significantly lower than those of the 2-4-year group(the 2900 m,3700 m and 4500 m group)(P0.05).Significant differences(P0.05)were found between the sea level group and the 5-9-year group,and between the sea level group and the ≥10-year group.Significant differences(P0.05) were found between the 1-year group and the 2-4-year group,5-9-year group,≥10-year group in the 2900 m,3700 m and 4500 m group.As the increasing of altitude and residential durations,the detection rate of the PD and AL were improving statistically.CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of periodontal diseases of the military persons who work in the highland.The research suggested that knowledge of oral health for the army should be improved.


The paper presents a navigation system for robots operating in indoor environments, with three basic functions of positioning, mapping and planning the path to a robot in indoors with high flexibility and fast movement speed. Specifically, the robot's positioning data is extracted from an IPS indoor positioning system using high-frequency ultrasonic technology. A small error is very suitable for use in the indoor environment. Map creation and analysis function developed based on opensource ROS software devices, combined with a 360-degree scanning LIDAR depth sensor to produce a 2D map with high accuracy of cm. compared with the actual environment. Finally, the popular route searching algorithms currently used are based on the analyzed map data and robot positioning data.


A total of 9 and 10 representative structures have been located on the potential energy surfaces (PES) of protonated and deprotonated glycinamide, respectively, to investigate the acid−base behavior of neutral glycinamide employing the B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory. In the protonation processes, the proton affinities (PA) and gas-phase basicities (GB) for the three active sites, that is, the carbonyl oxygen, amide nitrogen, and amino nitrogen, have been studied. The global minimum is characterized by an intramolecular H-bond formed between the carbonyl oxygen and one of the hydrogen atoms at the amino nitrogen site, which is consistent with most protonated amino acids. The favorable protonation site is the amino nitrogen atom followed by the carbonyl oxygen and the amide nitrogen atoms. The calculated PA for the global minimum of neutral glycinamide, 216.81 kcal/mol, is in good agreement with the experimental value (217.73 kcal/mol), indicating that glycinamide behaves as an amino nitrogen-base in the ...


Introduction: A previous study attempted to prefabricate a vascularized allograft bone in a recipient rat. In this model, the saphenous vascular bundles of recipient rats were transected and implanted into the transplanted donor bones. Although blood circulation had been established in the transplanted vascularized bones and bleeding from the bones was observed at the time of bone collection, occasional occlusions of vascular bundles were observed in the deep area of transplanted bone., In the current study the vascular bundle was implanted in a flowthrough manner in order to improve this problem. In addition, this study evaluated whether the combined treatment with bone morphogenetic protein and bisphosphonate is effective for the stimulation of bone formation and the inhibition of bone resorption in the transplanted bone.


Stefanou et al.1 conducted the first meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of acute arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) after COVID-19 vaccination. Their study draws the key conclusion that the prevalence of AIS after COVID-19 vaccination was comparable with the prevalence of AIS in the general population. However, Table 3 shows that the authors derived the AIS prevalence per 100,000 COVID-19 vaccinations, which was 4.7; this rate is significantly lower than the age-standardized global AIS prevalence rate (951-1,038) and incidence rate (95–98) per 100,000 individuals per year in the general population. This seems to suggest the possible association of COVID-19 vaccination with lower risk of AIS.


The Academic stress has a close relationship between the educational and mental health contexts of a country. Likewise, this type of stress hinders the pedagogical process in students at different levels. After understanding the Ecuadorian context related to these elements in Ecuador, a proposed intervention is presented, focused in reducing academic stress levels in university students of an educational institution in the city of Quito, Ecuador. The project consists of 6 phases, within which 12 sessions of music therapy will be implemented using the non-verbal methodology of Benenzon and the GIM method. Additionally, it will have an evaluative and statistical component, based on a quantitative methodology, using the SISCO inventory of academic stress. It is expected that the application of music therapy sessions will reduce the academic stress levels in university students, and foremore, the proposal will serve as a reference for future intervention projects and academic research. Through this article, we aim to demonstrate that the use and application of music therapy in educational institutions is an accessible, effective, and inclusive alternative within a multicultural and contemporary society.


A brief introduction was presented of a GIS-based methodology for reclamation of loess barren hills firstly, and then a pilot project of reclaming loess barren hills for the purpose of urban planning was carried out to demonstrate how to delimit the extent of reclamation of loess barren hills, design a plan of excavation and fill, and evaluate the suitability for urban construction after reclamation, indicating that a reasonable result can be obtained using GIS.


Trials of new crop varieties typically have a large number of varieties. Even at a well-run testing centre, inhomogeneity among the plots (experimental units) makes it desirable to group the plots into homogeneous blocks, usually too small to contain all the varieties. For management reasons, it is often convenient if the blocks can themselves be grouped into replicates, in such a way that each variety occurs exactly once in each replicate. Such a block design is called resolvable. (Some people call these resolved designs. Williams (1977) called them generalized lattice designs.)


This study was conducted to determine an appropriate glass transition temperature of a polymer to improve performance of the polymer cement mortar and concrete. The glass transition temperature of the polymer, which was synthesized as a redispersible acrylic acid ester polymer, and physical properties of polymer cement mortar were evaluated. The polymer showed a lower glass transition temperature as the ratio of unsaturated hydrophobic ethylene monomer was increased. A decrease in glass transition temperature decreased the tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, and volume change; increased the elongation, liquidity of polymer cement mortar, and adhesion; and delayed condensation. Scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy results confirmed that a polymer film formed inside the cement matrix made mostly of carbon around pores and cracks inside the cement paste. A glass transition temperature of 0 to –11°C (32 to 12.2°F) showed the best results. These results can be used for developing novel construction materials.


Perinatal mortality was retrospectively studied at two general hospitals in the Mexican Institute of Social Security National Medical Center in Torreon Coahuila. Records of 199 of the 215 perinatal deaths with complete information were included. The overall perinatal mortality rate was 22.17 per 1000 live births. The fetal death rate was 8.68 and the neonatal death rate was 12.30/1000. 53% of the deaths were in males 34% were at gestational ages of 28 to 32 weeks and 34% were in infants weighing less than 1000 g. 42% of deaths were caused by respiratory difficulty syndrome 20% by anomalies and 9% by hypoxia.


ABSTRACT To better understand the dynamics of the coralline algal thallus surface, scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the structure and development of epithallial cells and trichocyte initials in three species of Amphiroa. Epithallial cells possessed several distinctive organic wall layers. A densely fibrillar, moderately electron-dense layer completely surrounded each epithallial cell. Inward of this layer on the distal cell face, irregular deposits of wall material projected into the cell lumen. Outward on the distal cell surface, an electron-dense layer tapered from a central conical projection. This cone of distal wall material originated before the epithallial cell that ultimately bore it, having been deposited by an initial cell to sever its connection with a senescing epithallial cell in advance of epithallial cell replacement. This wall feature provided an indication of epithallial cell regeneration. Trichocyte initials were present beneath the layer of epithallial cells. The calcified sidewall of the epithallial cell overlaying the trichocyte chamber contained a channel that terminated in a pore through which the shaft of a trichocyte could pass. Lateral to the trichocyte initial, uncalcified walls still bearing pit plugs once shared by the initial cell and multiple generations of lost and regenerated trichocytes were compressed against the side of the trichocyte chamber. A single section of one trichocyte chamber showed 17 remnant pit plugs, indicating a high frequency of trichocyte turnover. Comparisons drawn from the published literature suggest that trichocyte development has the potential to serve as a source of systematic characters for coralline algae.


Dissolving pulp has the characteristics of high alpha cellulose content, good reacting performance, high brightness, low pentosan content, low ash content and low speckiness. In this paper, the development status for dissolving pulp was briefly introduced which includes the raw materials, manufacturing process and the existing problems, the development tendency for dissolving pulp was also analyzed.


Described is a calcium phosphate-synthetic resin composite body (3), which is produced by pressing the calcium phosphate block (200) and optionally calcium phosphate particles (100) and first synthetic resin particles (I) which have been cross-linked at the outset, at least partially, and the second non-crosslinked resin particles ( II) under application of heat, wherein the calcium phosphate block (200) at least exposed at part of the surface of the composite body (3). The composite body (3) is prepared by a method in which in (a) of the calcium phosphate block (200) and optionally the calcium phosphate particles (100) and the first (I) and the second synthetic resin particles (II) are introduced into a cavity of a mold part in such a way that the calcium phosphate block (200) on at least exposed part of the surface of the composite body (3) and the resin particles (I, II) optionally surrounding the calcium phosphate particles (200), and (b) the said components are pressed under application of heat in the cavity, so that the resin particles (I, II) are bonded to each other.


If explantation of a miniature stainless steel glaucoma shunt becomes indicated, an ab interno technique offers several advantages compared with the traditional external approach.


The purpose of the study is to explore solutions to the integration of land resources information system. Methods of documentation and comparison analysis were employed. The conclusions are as follows:(1) the business modeling is the base for integration of land resources information system;(2) the unified technical framework and business platform is the mode for information system development and can improve the efficiency and quality as well;(3) database share,news queue,WebService and unified desktop framework can not only realize the integration of business system under different circumstances but also achieve the horizontal and vertical integration of land resources information system.


This article studies the mental health problems of women, especially in the Indian context. As per World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, depression is expected to be the second largest contributor to disease burden by 2020, and with one in every three women worldwide being afflicted by common mental disorders including depression, the mental health of women is a serious issue indeed. While studying the psychological construct of mental health, we come to understand that it is deeply embedded within an individual's social and socioeconomic relationships. Since women worldwide, and more so in India, face gender-based discrimination at every stage of their lives, their psychological well-being becomes a cause for great concern. This note attempts to explore the various risk and protective factors affecting the mental health of women. Considering the gravity of the matter, urgent remedial measures such as understanding the underlying causes of psychological distress among women, adopting a gender-sensitive approach, working towards women's empowerment and formulating women-friendly health policies could work wonders for the mental health of Indian women.


Objective: Hypertensive patients show an excessive elevation of SBP during exercise, although optimal blood pressure (BP) control is required to prevent development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). This study examined whether excessive SBP elevation during moderate exercise is associated with new-onset LVH in these patients. Methods: A total of 143 hypertensive patients without LVH whose BP had been maintained below 140/90 mmHg with antihypertensives performed cycle ergometer exercise test at moderate intensity to assess SBP elevation during exercise (&Dgr;SBP). Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was assessed by echocardiography once a year to identify new-onset LVH. Patients were divided into three groups according to tertiles of &Dgr;SBP. We examined the associations between &Dgr;SBP and new-onset LVH using the Kaplan–Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. Results: The patients (100 men, 65.3 ± 9.1 years) had resting BP of 126 ± 16/75 ± 11 mmHg. New-onset LVH developed in 47 patients (32.9%) within a follow-up period of 2.5 ± 1.6 years. Higher &Dgr;SBP was significantly associated with higher incidence of LVH (P < 0.001): 12.8, 27.1, and 58.3% in the lowest, middle, and highest tertiles, respectively. In multivariate analysis, &Dgr;SBP was a significant independent determinant of new-onset LVH (hazard ratio for 10 mmHg increase in &Dgr;SBP, 1.45; 95% CI 1.22–1.73; P < 0.001). In comparison with the lowest tertile, the hazard ratios of the middle and highest tertiles for incidence of LVH were 3.16 (95% CI 1.07–9.32) and 6.43 (95% CI 2.35–17.62), respectively. Conclusion: Excessive SBP elevation during moderate exercise can be used to identify hypertensive patients at high risk of developing LVH.


To understand socialism of Chinese characteristics,it must be grasped that there are three traits of fundamental circumstances of Chinese socialism at the preliminary stage:Firstly,persisting in socialist road is the fundamental circumstance of China;Secondly,it is irreversible that China persists in reform and opening up and taking her own way based on Chinese socialism construction and experience and lessons resulting from reform and opening up;Thirdly,the current characteristic of Chinese social development embodies the latest development of fundamental circumstance of Chinese socialism at the preliminary stage.


The Building No.3 of Shishangyuan Project is built on the planned highway tunnel as its foundation. The main geotechnical problem is how to analyze the stability of tunnel foundation of high-rise building. In this paper, through theoretical calculation and three dimension elasto-plastic numerical FEA, the interaction between building and tunnel after excavation of the tunnel, some useful conclusions are obtained and suggestions are proposed. Such method offers a reference for evaluation of similar problem in the future.


Abstract : Tele-Dynamics designed, fabricated, inspected, and acceptance tested two Test Sets TS-3683A/SKR-6 and associated interface adapters for testing Receiving Set AN/SKR-6 by generating a simulated AN/AKT-22 test signal which is either antenna coupled or direct coupled to the AN/SKR-6.


To assess the feasibility and reliability of aortic valve area (AVA) planimetry by means of three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3DTEE) as compared with the transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) calculation of AVA, to determine the systematic deviations between measurements, and to describe the distribution of mean systolic in relation with 3DTEE anatomical AVA.


The use of multivariate classification analysis (e.g. discriminant analysis, linear regression, logistic regression) is becoming widespread in ergonomics, as well as numerous other disciplines. Classification analysis is frequently used to determine what combination of features (independent variables), and in what mathematical relations and proportions, defines an acceptable versus an unacceptable risk. Accurate predictive classification models can be useful in suggesting interventions that can minimize illness and injury. Frequently, classification studies in the ergonomics literature report the resubstitution accuracy—the accuracy that is realized when the classifier is evaluated on the same sample that was used to generate the classification coefficients. However, it is well established that the resubstitution accuracy is optimistically biased. The extent, or magnitude, of this bias is not well understood. Thus, a Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to investigate this bias. Random data containi...


An independent commission, chaired by leading barrister, Michael Mansfield QC, is being set up by four local councils in west London, who have been deeply concerned by deteriorating local hospital services.


Described in this paper is the flow of a viscous, non-compressible liquid with a property of electric current conduction, inside a channel with a rapidly expanded section, in an external magnetic field (B/spl I.oarr//sub 0/). A description is made using two vector potentials (A/spl I.oarr/, /spl Psi//spl I.oarr/), and the vorticity vector (/spl xi//spl I.oarr/), which form a system of three simultaneous, quasilinear equations of the elliptic type. An approximation is applied by constructing an iterative, finite difference algorithm for obtaining discrete value distribution of the above fields.


Traditional Si-based semiconductors have a large reverse recovery charge, which brings great challenges to the application of totem-pole bridgeless PFC. With the rise of the third-generation semiconductor device SiC/GaN, totem-pole bridgeless PFC has gradually attracted people's attention. This paper designs a high-power density, high-efficiency bidirectional AC/DC converter based on GaN HEMTs. When working in the forward direction, the totem-pole bridgeless PFC is connected to a synchronous Buck to realize 220V@AC input, and 300V to 400V@DC lA constant current output; When working in the reverse direction, Boost is connected to a unipolar inverter to achieve 300V to 400V@DC input, 220V l.5A@AC output, and the output frequency and phase can follow the reference sinusoidal signal. The converter can realize 400W power conversion, with a peak efficiency of 97.2 % and power density of 85W/inch3.


Estrogen can act via the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) or estrogen receptor beta (ERb) to exert its biological effects, and both of these receptors are present in the heart. We have previously shown that short-term estrogen (E2) treatment can rescue pressure overload-induced decompensated heart failure (HF) in mice, and that this rescue is achieved mainly through the ERb. Furthermore, E2 has been shown to regulate angiogenesis in different tissues. Because HF has been associated with decreased angiogenesis and increased fibrosis, here we investigated whether the E2-induced rescue of HF by the selective ERb agonist DPN can regulate cardiac fibrosis and neoangiogenesis. We used transaortic constriction to induce HF, and once the ejection fraction (EF) reached ∼30%, one group of animals was sacrificed (HF group), and the other three groups received either 17b-estradiol via a subcutaneous pellet implant (0.012mg/pellet, n=16), selective ERa agonist (PPT, 0.625mg/kg/day), or selective ERb agonist (DPN, 0.625mg/kg/day) for 10 days. Serial echocardiography was performed to monitor cardiac structure and function. As expected, E2 rescued HF by restoring EF from 33.17±1.12% to 53.05±1.29%. Mice treated with DPN had a significant EF improvement from 33.17±1.12% to 45.25±2.1% (n=7), while the EF of PPT-treated mice did not improve (31.09±2.3%, n=6). Similarly, only the fractional shortening of DPN-treated mice improved from 15.7±0.58% in HF to 21.95±1.65% with DPN treatment vs. 14.72±1.24% with PPT. Next, we examined whether promotion of cardiac neoangiogenesis and suppression of fibrosis by the selective ERb agonist are possible mechanisms in the rescue action of HF by DPN. DPN treatment was able to reverse the interstitial and perivascular fibrosis observed in HF, while PPT had no effect. The selective ERb agonist also stimulated neoangiogenesis, as the capillary density was increased from 0.46±0.04 microvessels/cardiomyocyte in HF to 0.67±0.07 with DPN treatment, whereas PPT treatment had no effect (0.43±0.03). Our data strongly suggests that upregulation of cardiac neoangiogenesis and reversal of fibrosis are pivotal mechanisms in rescuing advanced HF by the estrogen receptor beta agonist DPN.


Microbial rhodopsin is a transmembrane protein that functions with a chromophore and is regulated by light. In nature, regulation through the retinal chromophore plays an important role in physiological phenomena. However, living organisms in soil, sea, and freshwater synthesize carotenoids preferentially over retinal in the biosynthetic pathway. Evolution has extended the energy conversion photosystem with additional pigments that act as antennae. Previously, Gloeobacter rhodopsin and xanthorhodopsin have been reported to form secondary chromophores with carotenoids. In this study, we report that a thermophilic rhodopsin (TR) and Tara76 rhodopsin, the latter of which is classified as a blue light‐absorbing proteorhodopsin, can form secondary chromophores with canthaxanthin (CAN). Tara76 rhodopsin and TR were found to exhibit high thermal stabilities and photophysical properties following their interaction with CAN. Isothermal titration calorimetry analysis, spectral shift measurements, and exciton analysis were used to examine the interactions of these rhodopsins with CAN. It was found that these interactions increased the stability toward temperature and pH through highly efficient chromophore formation, in addition to rapidly recruiting the retinal at a rate approximately twice as high as that obtained in the absence of CAN.


The electrical properties of anisotropic carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polycarbonate (PC)/ polyethylene (PE) (ACPC) strongly depended on the CNTs' concentration. When the ACPC was subjected to isothermal treatment (IT), the resistivity variation in both the parallel and perpendicular directions had the characteristics of a relaxation as a function of temperature. During the IT the orientation of the PC microfibrils was gradually damaged and CNTs/PC microfibrils were deformed and changed to short fibers, leading to a transition from anisotropy to isotropy. The velocity of the conductive network reconstruction could be characterized by the relaxation time, and the resistivity of the composite during the IT process can be instantaneously predicted based on the relaxation equation. The relaxation time and the equilibrium resistivity of the composite during IT were determined by the IT temperature and CNT content.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was: 1) To investigate health status(health behavior, health problem and cognition), depression and social support of elderly beneficiaries of the National Basic Livelihood Security System. 2) To identify the relationships among health status, depression and social support. Methods: This descriptive study used a cross-sectional design. The study sample was a total of 883 elderly recipients supported from the National Basic Livelihood Security System. Quotas for sampling were designed and conducted nationwide throughout Korea. Results: The mean age was 76.2 and the 79.6% of the sample were female. The scores for the health behavior, health problem, ADL, and cognition were 23.9, 4.4, 39.6 and 24.9, respectively. Additionally, the depression score was 19.8 and the social support score was 63.2. Gender, age, education, religion, marital status and monthly income were found as important variables in increasing health status and in decreasing depression among the elderly. Furthermore, depression showed a positive correlation with health problems, but showed negative correlations with health behavior, ADL, and cognition. The upper 25% of social support recipients suffered less depression than the lower 25% of the recipients. Subjects with more social supports had higher ADL scores and less health problem. Conclusion: These findings provide significant practical implications for nursing intervention, including social support for the elderly receiving assistance from the National Basic Livelihood Security System.


Charcoal is used as fuel in cooking for household, large food consumption and also in some industries especially those involved in casting bronze and other metals. It can be produced year round which involves woodland exploitation that contributes to deforestation with various negative consequences like loss of valuable resources and environment, drives climate change through the release of greenhouse gases, it also reduces the bio-productivity of ecosystems by disrupting the habitats of thousands of species, transforms forest lands into barren deserts and exposes bare surfaces which are susceptible to soil erosion, thus making the entire ecosystem unstable. These are among the major threats to forest reserves and contributes highly to deforestation with 0.038 hectare of savanna woodland depleted for production of a single 15 kg capacity bag of charcoal in the study area and this had led to forest degradation which 96.2% of the respondents attested. The study was to determine the impacts of charcoal production to the forest reserves and also the public perceptions of the environmental effect of unplanned cutting of tree for Charcoal Production and it recommended awareness, prudent forest management and getting involve the private sectors, combined with proactive actions and policies. Original Research Article Ekpo and Mba; JGEESI, 24(2): 74-82, 2020; Article no.JGEESI.55890 75


Background Healthcare staff should be aware of the importance that patients may attach to the words that are used to convey information. This is relevant in terms of the patients' understanding. Modeling how people understand the information conveyed in a medical context may help health practitioners to better appreciate the patients' approach. Purpose 1) Analyze the participants' self-reported perception of the type of information provided in an oncological scenario in terms of three dimensions: impairment to their health, risks associated with the disease itself and commitment required to undergo the treatment; and 2) show the benefits of using Rasch scaling for the analysis of the data. Starting from a survey, Rasch scaling produces a unidimensional logit-interval scale relating to the extent to which each item conveys a latent dimension. These were related to structure, in particular concerning communication by means of opposite vs. unipolar language. Subjects and methods The participants rated 82 items of information in a questionnaire regarding their perception of impairment to their health (H) and the risks (R) and commitment relating to the treatment prescribed (T). Results The scaling produced an item bank for healthcare staff to consult in order to estimate the importance the recipient would be likely to attach to the vocabulary used and the likely impact of the information in terms of the patient's condition. Furthermore, the use of opposites was generally associated with a clearer impression of whether the information given was generally only very negative or slightly negative, whereas 'neutral' information was often perceived as being very negative. Actual findings Is possible to estimate people's understanding more precisely (in terms of H, R and T) which can help healthcare practitioners to modulate the way they convey information. Limitations The participants in the study were healthy volunteers and the context was simulated.


We present a 26-year-old athlete with severe low back pain associated with a fracture of a lumbar pedicle and contralateral spondylolysis. The difficulties of diagnosis are discussed together with the subject of segmental pain referral. A technique of operative management is described involving instrumentation of the symptomatic level alone. A fracture of the pedicle associated with a contralateral spondylolysis is an unusual cause of back pain, and difficult to diagnose with plain radiographs. These features combined with a lack of awareness of the condition may lead to more radical surgery than is required. To improve the understanding and management of this condition a case history is analysed in detail together with a review of the literature.


Strong enhancements in the spontaneous emission intensity of dye chromophores-loaded in a printable polymer have been achieved by coupling the dye emission to surface plasmons of metallic thin films and metallic nanoparticles. The nanocomposite materials embossed by nanoimprint lithography process show good imprint properties.


Laser compression of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) plasma leads to conditions that are dense and hot enough to initiate nuclear reactions. The standard scheme aims to produce a 30 micron sized hot-spot plasma region that produces enough fusion reactions to ignite the surrounding dense fuel. The hot-spot plasma has density 100gcm-3 and temperature 5keV. Experiments at the national ignition facility concluded that contaminant jets enter the hot-spot and cause radiative cooling, depleting the fusion yield [1]. One major source of higher-Z contaminants is the fuel fill tube perturbation and the surrounding carbon ablator. We go on to analyse the effect of this colder jet region on the alpha and fuel ion populations. Modelling of the stagnated hot-spot has predominantly used a radiationhydrodynamics approach [2]. However, there are several effects that reach beyond this model. Near the cold plasma boundary and the mix jets, the tail of the fuel ion distribution is depleted. Since reacting ions are mostly from the tail, this can significantly reduce the fusion rate below the hydrodynamic prediction [3]. Secondly, the mix region acts as a heat sink and transport barrier to the fast fusion alphas. Finally, the charged alpha ions stream in and draw a resistive return current. This changes the electric field properties around the jet, changing the diffusion rate of the carbon when compared to standard plasma diffusion models. Diffusion of mix across the hot-spot may increase its overall radiative losses compared to a purely hydrodynamic model. We investigate this effect with theoretical models and a Vlasov-Fokker-Planck simulation. A further effect of the mix jet is the self-generation of magnetic fields during the implosion [4]. This is due to the Biermann battery mechanism acting on density and temperature gradients around implosion asymmetries. We used an extended-magnetohydrodynamics approach to post-process a 2D xRAGE radiation hydrodynamic implosion simulation. The simulated field is compressed to magnitudes of 5000T. The self-magnetization is especially prominent around the encroaching higher-Z jet from the fill tube perturbation. We discuss the various roles played by Nernst advection, resistive dissipation and magnetic compression. Magnetization effects are inherently tied to the plasma asymmetries that have always limited the performance of ICF implosions. In fact, multi-species plasma also has a contribution from a new magnetic source term [5], of similar magnitude to the standard Biermann term [Fig. 1]. This arises due to the Z dependence of the Coulomb collision rate. We derive this new source term and discuss its relevance in the hot-spot. Furthermore, we show that this Z-gradient source term can become unstable, leading to exponential growth of magnetic fields, with a growth rate typically on hydrodynamic time-scales. This thermomagnetic instability occurs due to the coupling of the new source term with the magnetized deflection of the heat flux. We derive its growth rate, including various dissipative effects, to be within the 100ps fuel stagnation time-scale. Magnetic fields are important due to the deflection and reduction of electron heat conduction. This changes the heat flux into the cold mix region, which is a primary loss source from the plasma. Furthermore, this will change the hydrodynamics of the mix jet as it enters the fuel. As such, full self-consistent MHD implosion simulations will be required, rather than just the postprocessing presented here. Magnetization effects are expected only to increase as the ignition boundary is reached. Field strengths may exceed 10kT, strong enough to confine fusion alpha particles, meaning that accurate yield prediction for igniting capsules will also require full MHD simulations. Much of the existing burn wave theory may require magnetic modifications of this sort.


In Internet of Things, computing and processing of information is the core supporting. In this paper, we introduce "Service-Oriented Co mputing" to solve the computing and processing of information in IoT. However, a key challenge in service-o riented environ ment is the design of effect ive access control schemas.We put forward a model of Workflow -oriented Attributed Based Access Control (WABA C), and an access control framework based on WABAC model. WABA C model grants and adapts permissions to subjects according to subject atttribute, resource attribute, environment attribute and current task, meeting access control request of SOC. Using the approach presented can effectively enhance the access control security for SOC applicat ions, and prevent the abuse of subject permissions.


In a recent New York Times editorial, columnist David Brooks remarked on dramatic change in U.S. Army thinking since the institution entered the crucible of postwar stabilization operations in Iraq. Much of the innovation, he judged, came from officers below or barely into the generals' rank. This cohort had an amazing capacity to lead ''with two minds''—one steeped in army tradition while the other peered from a critical distance. The latter perch came after long labors, under a different set of mores, inside the Ivory Tower. Indeed, this group of Army officers formed a kind of human bridge between West Point, the war experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan, and prestigious graduate programs in history and social sciences across academe—among them the University of North Carolina, Ohio State, Oxford, Harvard, Princeton, Cornell, Stanford, and now Columbia. Army Lieutenant Colonel Jason Dempsey makes his mark in the scholarly literature as others in this Army group have. David Petraeus, H. R. McMaster, and Christopher Gibson all distinguished themselves with dissertations in the arena of civil-military relations. Dempsey, however, takes a truly unique approach in Our Army. For him, the question of civilian control under American democracy rests heavily on political socialization of individuals at all ranks within the armed forces. It is safe to say that most readers of the literature on American civil-military relations are familiar with the informed speculation of Samuel Huntington and Morris Janowitz on professional military attitudes. At the same time, few are experts on the process of political socialization. Here, Dempsey is at his best, reconstructing the entire U.S. Army as a political entity, step-by-step. Building beyond the anecdotes of journalist Thomas Ricks and the limited public opinion surveys of the Triangle Institute of Security Studies, Dempsey adds analysis of an impressive 2004 ''Citizenship and Service'' survey that he helped design (Our Army, Appendix A). As Peter Feaver's important book, Armed Servants, applied contemporary public administration scholarship from the subfield of American Politics, Dempsey clarifies how modern techniques measuring political socialization from this same subfield can be used to compare the army against the civilian sector. Dempsey's first seven chapters progress from classic attitudinal questions on economic, social, and foreign policy issues— mirrored in perennial polls and national election surveys; through indicators of ideological affiliation; party identification; and finally forms of conventional participation. Dempsey presents his data and the results in rigorous, innovative fashion without being obtuse. For example, he creates a ''Virtual Army'' and ''Virtual Officer Corps'' out of the general National Annenberg Election Survey as a concrete way of distinguishing between army institutional effects on political behavior and the influence of demographic factors such as income, education, race, and gender, which in nature differ substantially between army and civilian populations.


This paper explores the effect of the #MeToo movement on sexual assault discourse and social norms in legal discourse in the United States through a case study of Commonwealth v. William Henry Cosby Jr. , a trial that occurred both before and after the emergence of the movement. Specifically, to what extent did #MeToo affect sexual assault culture and discussions around it in legal settings? Using Kukla's (2014) theoretical framework of Discursive Injustice (DI) in order to analyze portions of Commonwealth v. Cosby , I observe the level of performative power the complainant in the trial, Andrea Constand, is able to express and the frequency with which her expression is limited by other actors, namely defense lawyers. I find that the largest changes in aggressiveness and frequency of DI between the 2017 and 2018 portions of the trial occur during juxtapositions between Constand and "victim" stereotypes of sexual assault. This shift suggests a larger social change in community conventions regarding stereotypes and expectations of sexual assault survivors. This paper augments the growing literatures on the impact of the #MeToo movement on sexual assault culture and DI as a theory of linguistic and social power. Cite as : Izes , JLL 10 (2021), 48–72, DOI: 10.14762/jll.2021.048


role in biotic and abiotic responses and embryo and floral organ development. The answer, in large part, may lie with cell-specific differences in the expression and activation of various components of the MAPK network under different sets of circumstances. Lampard et al. devised a cell-specific assay for assessing the activity and regulation of MAPK modules in stomatal development based a panel of dominant-negative and constitutively active MAPKK variants expressed in discrete stomatal lineage cell types through the use of cell-type specific promoters. The approach was designed to allow investigation into cell-specific aspects of MAPK signaling without inducing pleiotropic phenotypes, which likely result from ubiquitous activation of MAPK signaling. The authors identified expanded roles for MKK4 and MKK5 in negative regulation of stomatal development and, unexpectedly, uncovered both positive and negative regulatory roles for MKK7 and MKK9 at different stages of stomatal development. MKK7 and MKK9 were found to function in inhibition of the first two stages of stomatal development and in promotion of guard cell proliferation at the terminal stages of stomatal development (see figure). The authors present a model of MAPK control of stomatal development that integrates developmental and environmental cues to offer a reasonable explanation of experimental results and highlight unknown components. This work provides significant insight into regulation of stomatal development and is also of broader significance to our understanding of MAPK networks. It shows that MAPK networks can be dissected by modulating the expression of individual components in specific cell types, in this case stomatal lineage cell types. This cell-specific approach should prove useful for the study of other complex signal transduction pathways as well.


Security is important , but it's easy to overlook the little things like having effective passwords , During this paper we discuss about the honey word mechanism to detect an adversary who attempts to login with cracked passwords. New password is the combination of existing user passwords called honey words. Fake password is nothing but the honey words basically, for each username a set of sweet words is constructed such that only one element is the correct password and the others are honey words (decoy passwords). Hence, when an adversary tries to enter into the system with a honey word, an alarm is triggered to notify the administrator about a password leakage. Honey words to detect attacks against hash password database. For each user account the legitimate password stored in form of honey words. If attacker Attack on password i.e. honeys words it cannot be sure it is real password or honey word. Index Terms Authentication Processing, Password Cracking, Honeypot, Honey Indexing, Honey Sets


Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical usefulness of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (M. pneumonia) and viral pneumonia in children.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 348 patients admitted between June 2015 and December of 2015. There were 162 patients with M. pneumonia without virus coinfection (group 1) and 186 patients with viral pneumonia (group 2). All subjects had radiographic evidence of pneumonia with available specimens for both M. pneumonia and viral testing, and levels of serum PCT, white blood cell counts (WBC), neutrophil portion, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Fifty-eight children who performed follow-up sampling at the time of no fever for more than 48 hours were subdivided into group 3 (M. pneumonia with follow-up sampling, n=41) and group 4 (viral pneumonia with follow-up sampling, n=17).
Results: No difference was noted in the levels of serum PCT (P=0.168), CRP (P=0.296), WBC (P=0.732), and neutrophil proportion (P=0.069) between groups 1 and 2, after adjusting for age. Serial changes in serum PCT levels between the first and second samples were significant in group 3 (P=0.046). Serial changes in serum CRP levels between the first and second samples were significant in group 4 (P=0.008).
Conclusion: Serum PCT and CRP levels may change differently after infection according to the etiology of pneumonia. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2019;7:22-27)


This Too Is Music guides and motivates teachers to foster classroom conditions that enable elementary students to thrive as improvisers, critical listeners, performers, and composers. Using anecdotes and illustrated with musical examples, the book explores how these aspects of music making are intertwined and quells any doubts teachers may have regarding their abilities to create an environment where children can improvise, dance, compose, and notate their musical offerings. While the book acknowledges the importance of traditional approaches to teaching notation and performance, its emphasis is on the student's point of view, illustrating how young musicians can learn when their musical ideas are honored and celebrated. Various teaching ideas are presented; some are exploratory in nature, and others involve direct instruction. Regardless of their nature, all of the activities arise from research on children's musical development in general and their development of notational systems in particular, and they have been tested in multiple elementary-classroom environments and preservice settings. The activities center on engaging with music through movement, performing, singing, improvising, composing, developing notational skills, and appealing to children across subjects, including language, drama, and mathematics. Activities encompass both small-scale classroom lessons and large-scale productions. This pedagogy has a timeless quality; even in our digital age, this musical environment appeals to children. The book invites readers to adapt the ideas to their own teaching settings, showing both preservice and established teachers that they can teach music creatively to build community and to inspire all who enter there.


Given an array of hydrophones at known locations in space, how should we design the array so as to maximize the output SNR? The problem has been "solved" by using (1) array pattern concepts and (2) multichannel filter concepts. We show that the two approaches are equivalent and then ask: When viewing the array as a multichannel filter should we design the array so as to maximize the SNR, i.e. is this a good criterion? By using the equivalence between the two abovementioned approaches, we show that the answer in certain eases is no, and develop an alternate criterion for these cases.


A complex phase-conjugate neural network model with a Hopfield-like energy function has been proposed, and a physical interpretation is given to the model and its dynamics. The results of experiments and computer simulations are presented that demonstrate the behaviors of the complex neural fields predicted by the theory.


Gold nanorods exhibit intense optical absorbance in the near-infrared window of principal interest for applications in biomedical optics making them appealing as contrast agents in photoacoustic imaging and selective photothermolysis of cancer. However their photoinstability under laser irradiation remains a drawback of practical concern. In particular, when GNRs are irradiated with nanosecond laser pulses in resonance with their plasmon oscillations, there may occur phenomena like reshaping into spherical particles, as well as fragmentation at higher optical fluences, which result into modifications of their optical absorption bands and substantial loss of photoacoustic conversion efficiency. In this contribution we present an investigation of the photostability of gold nanorods embedded in biomimetic scaffolds by means of photoacustic experiments.


Learning from Sweden means learning to triumph - it seems that, at least from the German perspective, this could well be the gist of the perception of the Swedish school system as an ideal followin ...


Evaluating seismic performance of urban structures for future earthquakes is one of the key prerequisites of rehabilitation programs. Irregular structures, as a specific case, are more susceptible to sustain earthquake damage than regular structures. The study here is to identify damage states of vertically irregular structures using the well-recognized Park-Ang damage index. For doing this, a regular 3-story reinforced concrete (RC) structure is first designed based on ACI-318 code, and a peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.3 g. Some known vertical irregularities such as setback, short column and soft story are then applied to the regular structure. All the four structures are subjected to seven different earthquakes accelerations and different amplitudes which are then analyzed using nonlinear dynamic procedure. The damage indices of the structures are then accounted for using the pointed out damage index. The results show that the structure with soft story irregularity sustains more damage in all the earthquake records than the other structures. The least damage belongs the regular structure showing that different earthquake with different accelerations and amplitudes have no significant effect on the regular structures.


This special issue compiles a selection of papers from two workshops of the tenth European International Farming System Association (IFSA) Symposium, organized from 1 4 July 2012 in Aarhus, Denmark. One workshop was entitled 'Knowledge flows in pluralistic research and advisory systems: how do advisors keep up-to-date and to what extent is their advice evidence-based?' (convenors: Laurens Klerkx and Pierre Labarthe). It aimed to explore how different institutional configurations of agricultural knowledge and innovation systems (AKIS) tackle (or not) the challenge of reducing the gap between science and advisory practices in various contexts. The other workshop was entitled 'Systems thinking and practice in rural innovation: advances in concepts, methodologies and interventions' (convenors: Laurens Klerkx, Alex Koutsouris, Cees Leeuwis, Annemarie van Paassen and Barbara van Mierlo). It aimed to unravel the different interpretations of innovation systems and system innovation thinking, and different operationalizations of these concepts in terms of research methodologies and interventions, and attempted to obtain a more unified perspective. The articles selected from these two workshops allow systems thinking to be put into practice from a wide range of perspectives. Their common demeanour is that they all relate to a major challenge of AKIS: reducing the knowledge gap as regards how innovation can support sustainable development of agriculture. AKIS are back on both scientific and political agendas all over the world. In Europe, several regulations show that the European Commission has acknowledged that the new context within which agriculture functions generates new knowledge needs for farmers and calls for different ways to support innovation beyond technical advice. Hence, advisory services need to fulfil a broad range of expert, facilitation, brokering and mediation roles (Christoplos 2010; Leeuwis and Aarts 2011; Koutsouris 2012). For example, the regulation of Farm Advisory Services (FAS) was established to guarantee that each farmer in the European Union (EU) can benefit from advice that will help him/her to set up Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC) on his/her farm (EC 2003). The forthcoming regulation on the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2014 2020 includes the establishment of European Innovation Partnerships (EIP), aimed at creating new innovation networks in European agricultures. It is based on the idea that the innovations necessary to tackle new issues and challenges pertaining to sustainable agriculture (overcoming the contradictions and trade-offs between productivity, food safety, environmental protection and social cohesion) may require new collective dynamics for sharing knowledge (Koutsouris 2008) between farmers, but also between the different other components of AKIS (EC 2011). This concern is not specific to EU countries: the debate about the necessary transformation of AKIS to Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension Vol. 19, No. 3, 217 221, June 2013


The article reviews an exhibition featuring the work of artist Hans van Meeuwen at the Cristenerose gallery in New York City.


A CD4+ T cell response to the gastric H/K ATPase β-subunit (H/Kβ) is required for the onset of experimental autoimmune gastritis in BALB/c mice. The extent to which endogenous H/Kβ contributes toward the tolerance of the H/Kβ-specific T cell repertoire in normal individuals is not known. By comparison of T cell responses in H/Kβ-deficient (o/o) and H/Kβ-expressing BALB/c mice, in this work we show that the endogenous H/Kβ autoantigen plays a major role in the tolerance of pathogenic H/Kβ-specific T cells. First, T cell-dependent Ab responses to the H/Kβ Ag were enhanced in H/K ATPase-immunized H/Kβ-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Second, peptide immunization experiments indicated that immune responses to the major gastritogenic epitope of the H/K ATPase, namely H/Kβ253–277, were significantly more vigorous in H/Kβ-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Third, unfractionated splenocytes from H/Kβ-deficient mice, but not H/Kβ-expressing mice, induced autoimmune gastritis after adoptive transfer to BALB/c nude mice. The enhanced responses to H/Kβ in H/Kβ-deficient mice were shown to be intrinsic to CD4+CD25− T cells rather than a change in status of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. We conclude from these studies that the H/Kβ-specific T cells in wild-type mice represent the residue of a T cell repertoire, directed toward a single determinant, that has been subjected to partial tolerance induction.


Preliminary estimates are presented of vibratory loads and stresses in hingeless and teetering rotors for the proposed NSF-NASA Mod-0 wind power system. Preliminary blade design utilizes a tapered tubular aluminum spar which supports nonstructural aluminum ribs and skin and is joined to the rotor hub by a steel shank tube. Stresses in the shank of the blade are calculated for static, rated, and overload operating conditions. Blade vibrations were limited to the fundamental flapping modes, which were elastic cantilever bending for hingeless rotor blades and rigid-body rotation for teetering rotor blades. The MOSTAB-C computer code was used to calculate aerodynamic and mechanical loads. The teetering rotor has substantial advantages over the hingeless rotor with respect to shank stresses, fatigue life, and tower loading. The hingeless rotor analyzed does not appear to be structurally stable during overloads.


Objective:To study the effect of combination therapy in diabetic nephropathies with low-molecular-weight heparin.Methods:80 patients with diabetic nephropathy were divided to two groups:a treatment group with 44 patients and a control group with 36 patients.We used normal diabetes treatment and fosinopril 10mg/d in control group,while adding low-molecular-weight heparin 4000IU subcutaneous injection once a day in treatment group for four weeks and compared 24-hour-urine protein,BUN,and Scr of two groups.Results:After treatment,the 24-hour-urine protein of two groups decreased markedly(P0.01)and more in treatment group(P0.05),the β2-MG and blood uric acid was improved notably without the complications of bleeding etc.Conclusion:Combination therapy in early diabetic nephropathy with low-molecular-weight heparin and fosinopril can markedly reduce the 24-hour-urine protein and possess the renal protection function.


To study the relationship between the electrical conductivity and the coking performance, a device for the online measurement of the conductivity of heavy oil during thermal reaction was constructed. Three samples with different fraction compositions, including Middle East atmospheric residue (ME-AR), Tahe atmospheric residue (TH-AR), and Saudi Arabia vacuum residue (SA-VR), were selected for study. The conductivity of all samples presents the peak value, before or after the end of the coke induction period. The molar conductivity of asphaltenes, resins, or aromatics in toluene solutions was measured, and the fractions were derived from SA-VR thermal reaction samples under hydrogen. The molar conductivity of asphaltenes in toluene was 20 and 2000 times more than that of resins and aromatics, indicating that the asphaltene was the most important conductive fraction in the petroleum residue. The dipole moments of fractions of SA-VR thermal reaction samples were measured. The concentration of asphaltenes wen...


THROUGHOUT much of modern history, the way China andJapan relate to one another has fundamentally shaped their respective regional roles and the contours of the East Asian international system. The phenomenal "Asian economic miracle" over the past three decades or so has started to shift the center of gravity of the global political economy from the Atlantic to the Pacific, prompting many to predict the dawning of a "Pacific century." But for some, the denouement of power rivalry between the Atlantic and Pacific will be largely determined by how China and Japan work out their relationship.' Sino-Japanese relations take on an importance in Asian affairs at least comparable to that of Franco-German relations in determining European affairs. Yet curiously, the blossoming literature on Asia-Pacific regionalism has tended to overlook the impact of the relations between the two most important indigenous Asian powers, China andJapan.2 This article examines Chinese relations with Japan in the context of efforts of regional economic cooperation. Two premises underlie the analysis. First, the bilateral relationship has a great bearing on their respective postures toward attempts at regional cooperation. Second, the pattern of their dyadic interaction greatly shapes the pace and structure of Asia-Pacific multilateral arrangement.


Limulus spermatozoa are nonmotile after dilution into sea water, and motility is initiated in situ by a sperm motility-initiating peptide (SMI) that emanates from Limulus eggs. In the absence of SMI, several structurally different chelators (EDTA, EGTA, phenanthroline, dipyridyl, cysteine, and dithiothreitol; 1 mM each) initiated sperm motility; and in the presence of SMI, EDTA prolonged the duration of motility initiated by SMI. Of the elements determined to be present in Limulus sperm, Zn+2 (0.1 μM free Zn+2) was both the most effective at preventing EDTA initiation of motility and the only ion to prevent EDTA prolongation of SMI-initiated motility. 65Zn was concentrated from sea water by Limulus sperm and was rapidly removed by EDTA. These results indicate that removal of the Zn+2 normally associated with Limulus spermatozoa can initiate or enhance motility. However, SMI does not act as a Zn+2 chelator, since SMI removed little 65Zn from the sperm while at the same time initiating motility of greater percentage and duration than did EDTA. The mechanism by which Zn+2 removal enhances sperm motility is not yet known but could involve a Zn+2-dependent or Zn+2-regulated step in the pathway of SMI action.


In order to reinforce the resource protection and guarantee sustainable utilization of crapedacusta in Zhejiang province,between 2002~2007,the author conducted the on-site sample gathering and statistic calculation throughout the province in recent years based on the study reports concerned at hand.The findings from this work show that in Zhejiang province the most crapedacusta in recent years are mainly found in reservoir and low pond with water temperature averaging between 12 ℃ and 32 ℃,and widely distributed in 22 provincial cities and counties combined.Some other issues such as the current progress,development trends are also discussed in the paper.


This article describes an investigation of the relationship between anaphora and relational discourse structure, notably the Elaboration relation known from theories like RST. A corpus was annotated on the levels of anaphoric structure and rhetorical structure. The statistical analysis of interrelations between the two annotation layers revealed correlations between specific subtypes of anaphora and Elaboration, indicating that anaphora can function as a cue for Elaboration. 1


With the rapid development of the world,China has attracted attention from the global society.In the next several years,with the futher development of Chinese reform and opening-up, the country has got a conspicuous achievement.Therefore,cross-cultural communication will become more and more frequent,one of the main manifestations is the increasing number of international students.Exploring the management skills under different cultural background can benefit for the managers to discover new problems and challenges during teaching and administrating in order to help students adapt to the method of China culture as soon as possible,so as to study comfortably in China.It also can provide some suggestions for the management of students,make the management work more effective.


Sumary The 184d corrected milk yield of Maiwa yak cow is 211.200 kg, the daily milk yield and monthly milk yield were the highest in July, with 1.560 kg, 48.474 kg respectively. Milk yield is different between milk yield of lactation 1 and 5 (p 0.05). After lactation 3 (with the yield of 236.020kg), the milk yield tended to be


The article examines the questions of the work of reinforced concrete span structures of railway bridges having damages in the form of corrosions of the concrete and armature and offers the dependencies for determination of the measure of damage accumulation in the process of corrosion of concrete and armature in time.


Abstract : The research aimed to describe the student's academic skills through the implementation of the project-based learning in the equation of progressive wave and stasionary wave in class XI MIA 2 Senior High School Babussalam Pekanbaru. This study was conducted from March to June 2015 with research subjects are 30 students. The design of this research is pre-experimental design with one-shoot case study. Data collection instruments used in this research is the student work sheet and academic skill that consist of 12 objective questions by using absorption analysis. Score obtained from the student activity assessment at the first meeting were in good category (84.44%), score obtained in the activities of the second and third meetings are in very good category (85.56% and 86.67% ). While the score of a student's academic skill test results is in good category (72.78%). So, it can be concluded that the implementation of project-based to train the student's academic skill in the equation of progressive wave and stasionary wave in class XI MIA 2 Senior High School Babussalam Pekanbaru. Key Words : project-based learning, academic skills, progressive wave and stasionary wave.


Comparative modeling of the vitamin D receptor three‐dimensional structure and computational docking of 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 into the putative binding pocket of the two deletion mutant receptors: (207–423) and (120–422, Δ [164–207]) are reported and evaluated in the context of extensive mutagenic analysis and crystal structure of holo hVDR deletion protein published recently. The obtained molecular model agrees well with the experimentally determined structure. Six different conformers of 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 were used to study flexible docking to the receptor. On the basis of values of conformational energy of various complexes and their consistency with functional activity, it appears that 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 binds the receptor in its 6‐s‐trans form. The two lowest energy complexes obtained from docking the hormone into the deletion protein (207–423) differ in conformation of ring A and orientation of the ligand molecule in the VDR pocket. 1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 possessing the A‐ring conformation with axially oriented 1α‐hydroxy group binds receptor with its 25‐hydroxy substituent oriented toward the center of the receptor cavity, whereas ligand possessing equatorial conformation of 1α‐hydroxy enters the pocket with A ring directed inward. The latter conformation and orientation of the ligand is consistent with the crystal structure of hVDR deletion mutant (118–425, Δ [165–215]). The lattice model of rVDR (120–422, Δ [164–207]) shows excellent agreement with the crystal structure of the hVDR mutant. The complex obtained from docking the hormone into the receptor has lower energy than complexes for which homology modeling was used. Thus, a simple model of vitamin D receptor with the first two helices deleted can be potentially useful for designing a general structure of ligand, whereas the advanced lattice model is suitable for examining binding sites in the pocket. Proteins 2001;44:188–199. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this paper,we discuss the mathematical contents taught in middle schools and colleges,such as sets,functions,trigonometric functions,limits,continuous functions, derivatives,polar coordinates,complex numbers,and vectors,etc.To avoid the nonessential repetition and to fill the holes in students' knowledge,we suggest that college mathematics instructors adjust their teaching contents to reflect the changes in middle schools,and focus more on teaching key concepts and difficult ones to better connect the joints of mathematical contents between middle schools and colleges.


Scanning electron microscopy supplemented with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy demonstra ted to be a useful technique to analize decorations and finishings of ancient pottery, enabling the characterization of their composition and to ob tain information on technological as well as pro venance issues. To these capabilities it is added its use as an explorative technique in helping to define the best analytical approach for subsequent investigations. The objective of this study is to show the diverse types of information provided by SEM-EDX. To this end we describe the analyses of six ceramics of different chronology and with different technological problematics.


Non‐attendance of scheduled appointments is a serious issue in dermatology hospital practice with implications in patient care. Herein we aim to characterize the population of non‐attendees of dermatology appointments at a general hospital.


GRETA KRIPPNER is associate professor of sociology at the University of Michigan. An economic and political sociologist, her work has explored the politics of credit and finance in the United States in the period since the 1970s. Her current research examines the evolution of the notion that each individual should "bear the cost" of her own riskiness as a widely accepted normative principle governing how risk is distributed in contemporary society.


We recently reported a new method for the 18F-difluoromethylation of N-heteroaromatics for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The method involves the synthesis of a new 18F-difluoromethyla...


Anisotropy in intensity of fluorescence lines of YAlO 3 : Cr 3+ single crystal is measured at 77 K. A relation of some of effective Hamiltonian parameters to the optical anisotropy of Cr 3+ ions doped in a low symmetry crystal such as YAlO 3 , is presented. From the intensity ratio of R 1 to R 2 line, we find that two of five effective Hamiltonian parameters, b and λ z , are -13.6 cm -1 and 13.2 cm -1 , respectively.


Objective It is to explore the characteristics of syndrome and neuro-psychology of the middle and aged patients suffering from hypertension with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),to provide dialectical evidence for early intervention and prevention with TCM against dementia.Methods The middle and aged patients suffering from hypertension with MCI were chosen as observing objects.Folstein's mini-mental state examination(MMSE) and clinical memory scale were applied to evaluating their cognition.Then a syndrome differentiation plan of MCI was made via the reference to differentiation scale of vascular dementia with which the patients' syndromes were differentiated and their quantitative integrals were defined.Results The most common syndrome of the MCI patients in this group was kidney deficiency.The other ones were phlegm obstructing orifices,blood stasis in collaterals,hyperactivity of liver-Yang and heat-poison in the interior.Conclusion There is a relationship between the syndromes and cognitive impairment with the unique characteristics in the field of neuro-psychology.It is significantly important for the patients mentioned above to prevent and treat for vascular dementia according to these factors.


The invention discloses a water and oil soluble aryloxy-phenoxy propionate derivative with herbicidal activity and saline compounds of the derivative. The derivative is shown as a general formula (I, II), wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...or (CH2), and n represents an alkyl group with branched chains; Y represents Cl-, Br-, F-, I-, AcO-, an acetylsalicylic acidradical, a citric acid radical, a salicylic acid radical, a p-toluenesulfonic acid radical, a hydrogen sulfate radical or other negative ions; R1 represents an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, or an aryl group; R2 represents a lkyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms or an aryl group; or R1 and R2 are selected from the following structures as shown in the specification.


Objective: To introduce a kind of computer diagnosis and case history management system for orthognathic surgery. Methods: Hardware consisted of PⅡ350 computer, scanner, displayer, laser printer and CD creater. Software was developed by Delphi (3), working under Windows. Results: The system could deal with all data of patients′case histories automatically , their lateral and frontal cepholograms could get a detailed cephalometric analysis and diagnosis rapidly. All information could be required and saved by many ways. Conclusion: The system improves highly the efficiency of clinic diagnosis and case history management for dentofacial deformities.


This guide has been developed to assist faculty and students better understand the 8th edition of the Modern Language Association's style handbook.


In this article the author reflects on grant proposals which were submitted in 1965 for the U.S.'s first two community health centers to the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity and which were to be part of the office's Community Action Program. A discussion of factors which led to a focus on health care for poor people in the U.S. in the 1960s, and of two articles within the issue which focus on U.S. community health centers, is presented.


It is pointed out that sea level will rise 1m in maximum by the end of the next century in consequence of global warming. This study was conducted to estimate various kinds of effects and quantified potential damage, which can be evaluated by area, population and property, of the sea level rise on the Japanese coastal areas.


simple for many patients with migraine, particularly those with attacks of mild or moderate severity. They may find, for example, that ibuprofen works well for them. Others may need to try a number of prescription medications before they find one that is satisfactory. In Section 2, 18 acute migraine medications and two adjunctive medications were evaluated. Twelve acute ABSTRACT: Background: In our targeted review (Section 2), 12 acute medications received a strong recommendation for use in acute migraine therapy while four received a weak recommendation for use. Strong recommendations were made to avoid use of two other medications, except for exceptional circumstances. Two anti-emetics received strong recommendations for use as needed. Objective: To organize the available acute migraine medications into acute migraine treatment strategies in order to assist the practitioner in choosing a specific medication(s) for an individual patient. Methods: Acute migraine treatment strategies were developed based on the targeted literature review used for the development of this guideline (Section 2), and a general literature review. expert consensus groups were used to refine and validate these strategies. Results: Based on evidence for drug efficacy, drug side effects, migraine severity, and coexistent medical disorders, our analysis resulted in the formulation of eight general acute migraine treatment strategies. These could be grouped into four categories: 1) two mild-moderate attack strategies, 2) two moderate-severe attack or nSAId failure strategies, 3) three refractory migraine strategies, and 4) a vasoconstrictor unresponsive-contraindicated strategy. In addition, strategies were developed for menstrual migraine, migraine during pregnancy, and migraine during lactation. The eight general treatment strategies were coordinated with a "combined acute medication approach" to therapy which used features of both the "stratified" and the "step care across attacks" approaches to acute migraine management. Conclusions: The available medications for acute migraine treatment can be organized into a series of strategies based on patient clinical features. These strategies may help practitioners make appropriate acute medication choices for patients with migraine.


The diagnosis of heart failure is currently made based on clinical symptoms, physical examination and objective data of heart dysfunction. The current gold standard in detecting heart dysfunction is echocardiography. However, it is usually not available in current general practice or rather difficult to be performed in acute and severe conditions. Fast test with acceptable sensitivity and specificity is needed. Currently, several hormones of the natriuretic peptides especially â type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino terminal proBrain-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) has been shown very useful in clinical contexts including in the differential diagnosis of acute dyspneu, and in diagnosis, stratification, monitoring, or determining prognosis of heart failure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of NT-proBNP according to age, gender and left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure patients with NYHA functional class III and IV determined by echocardiography. Forty patients were included in the study. The level of NTproBNP increased according to the severity of heart failure. The levels of NT-proBNP in NYHA IV subjects were significantly higher compared to the NYHA III, i.e. 9157 pg/mL to 2559 pg/mL, p 75 yrs age group. The levels of NT-proBNP in NYHA III and IV patients with LVEF 40-50% i.e. 7316 pg/mL compared to 2797 pg/mL, however, in the NYHA IV patients, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Keywords: NT-proBNP, Heart failure, NYHA III and IV, LVEF.


Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that microbial exposure in early childhood is linked with reduced risk to suffer asthma. Thus microbial components with immunoregulatory capabilities might serve as a preventive strategy for allergic asthma. Recently, it was identified that Streptococcus pneumoniae aminopeptidase N (PepN) could suppress T cell effector function. We sought to investigate the effect of PepN on murine allergic asthma and elucidate the underlying mechanism.


In photovoltaic grid connected systems. An LCL filter is often used to interconnect an inverter to the utility grid in order to filter the harmonics produced by the inverter. This paper proposes design methodology of an LCL filter topology to connect an inverter to the grid, an application of filter design is reported with m-file in Matlab. The LCL filter with passive damping allows to remove the peak near the resonance frequency,


An in-house retrospective OCLC conversion process for music titles presents problems infrequently encountered in book titles. The proliferation of works by composers and the manipulation of title elements by publishers makes matching shelflist cards to online records difficult. Placing shelflist cards in alphabetical order by composer and performing presearch authority work saves online search time. Recording plate and/or publisher numbers on the shelflist is also helpful. Limiting composer/title searches by 1900 or ???? will help narrow searches done for shelflist cards which carry no date. If all else fails, the item may need to be retrieved from the stacks.


Computer has become one of the most important tools in human life, in-fact it has become an integral part of human life, because of its relevance in learning, communication and information, multimedia, business and entertainments. Despite all its advantages it has posed some negative effects on humanity. This paper shows the survey conducted to actually unveil some possible effects that users of computer encountered, and the result analysis has shown a great significance in educational research and the study.


Background: Business intelligence (BI) tools are generally associated with organisations that have resources to purchase and implement these tools. Evidences abound regarding the correlation between BI tools and improved business decision-making. This study's unit of analysis is affordability as a feature of IBM Cognos making it suitable for small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Objective: The research aim was to identify the fundamental features of IBM Cognos which would address decision-making needs of SMEs. The objective was to determine the significance of BI tool features by means of identifying affordable features suitable for SMEs' decision-making. Method: Quantitative research design and a deductive approach were best suited for assessing the fundamental features of IBM Cognos for SMEs' decision-making needs. The signification framework variables, such as presumed, prized and perceived value of BI tool features, were quantified and measured using statistical analysis tools. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used with a sample size of 200, that is, 80 BI consultants, 60 SME BI developers and 60 SME managers. Results: Affordable key features of BI tools in the context of SMEs' business decision-making include consistency and comfort, intuitive interface, avoiding impulsivity, cost effectiveness, availability of information, best programmed visualisations, reporting quickly and easily and financial decision-making. Conclusion: The signification framework's presumed, prized and perceived value indicators link affordable BI tool features to the consistency of the decision-making process and present an alternative view of affordability. An intuitive interface relates to convenience and ease of authoring content, designing, building and securing reports to the SME, which helps in improving consistent decision-making.


An asset is both a resource and property, in that it generates income streams with its sale price based on the capitalization of those revenues. Although an asset's income streams can be financially sliced up, aggregated, and speculated upon across highly diverse geographies, there still has to be something underpinning these financial operations. Something has to generate the income that a political economic actor can lay claim to through a property or other right, entailing a process of enclosure, rent extraction, property formation, and capitalization. Geographers and other social scientists are producing a growing literature illustrating the range of new (and old) asset classes created by capitalists in their search for revenue streams, for which we argue assetization is a necessary concept to focus on the moment of enclosure and rent extraction. It is a pressing task for human geographers to unpack the diverse and contingent 'asset geographies' entailed in this assetization process. As a middle range concept and empirical problematic, we argue that assetization is an important focal point for wider debates in human geography by focusing attention on the moment of enclosure, rent extraction, and material remaking of society which the making of a financial asset implies.


Several excellent cost-benefit analyses of programs under the Manpower Development and Training Act have been conducted and reported in the literature. However, little attention has thus far been directed to the method by which federal funds for these training programs are initially apportioned among the states. The major part of the funds for institutional and on-the-job training under Title II, Parts A and B, is made available through an apportionment formula based on criteria set forth in the Act. The present paper describes and evaluates the existing method of apportionment. It is shown that this method contains serious weaknesses which may reduce the effectiveness of the over-all program. Formulas designed to avoid these weaknesses are developed as examples of available alternatives. Using data for fiscal year 1968, the apportionment factors resulting from these alternatives are computed and compared with those resulting from the existing method.


Phase-locked loops (PLLs) are commonly used for the synchronization of grid connected power converters. However, the standard PLL structures are not able to reject grid disturbances such as voltage harmonics, unbalances or DC components in the measured voltage. Since the response of the power converters depends on the grid phase tracking, it is necessary to ensure an accurate synchronization even under distorted conditions. This paper proposes an enhanced PLL structure, which is able to perform fast synchronization even under weak grid conditions and frequency variations. Due to its low computational burden, the proposed PLL allows its implementation on low cost microprocessors.


In 2020, the Biochemical Society conducted two surveys to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on researchers in the molecular biosciences. Totalling over 1000 responses across both surveys (a first-phase survey launched in April 2020 and a follow-up survey launched in October 2020) , the feedback reflected the impact of the various lockdowns and restrictions implemented within both the UK and globally.


In this work we propose an innovative clustering algorithm for twitter data. In the the context of e-commerce, we use Apiori algorithm to form 2-gram association rules and cluster tweets using self organizing maps. Since tweets are relatively small, word association becomes all the more important in mining the information. To check if 2-grams formed using word associations, help in increasing clustering tendency we use Hopkins index. Tested on two separate datasets, of 200 and 10,000 tweets each related to the key word "Amazon", our results of the analysis show that there is improvement in the clustering tendency in both the datasets. This improvement in clustering tendency is potentially useful because customer grouping based on the tweets can help businesses determine new trends and identify customers with different sentiments.


Objective:To construct plasmid with overexpressed human SGK1 to provide a useful tool for its studies in vitro.Methods:the full length SGK,was amplified with cDNA,cDNA reverse transcriped from cell total-RNA,then constructed into the expression vector.The active and dominant-negative human SGK1 were obtained by site-directed mutagenesis.All SGK1 plasmids were verified by digestion with restriction enzymes and DNA sequencing.The efficiency of transfection of recombinant SGK1 was analysed in HEK293 cells by phosphate-calcium deposit method.Results:Recombinant human SGK1 is successfully over-expressed in the HEK293 cells.Conclusion:The successful construction of over expressed human SGK1 developed a new technique for studying the pathogenesis of diabetes nephrology.


The article is dedicated to the problem of revealing national-cultural specificities of the idiom units with components-somatisms belonging to the British and American variants of the English language. On the basis of the comparative analysis something universal and something unique in the semantics of these units are revealed, the main types of semantic relations equivalent and nonequivalent units are described.


Abstract This Article explores the costs and benefits of one subset of continuous and discontinuous rules. These expressions are shown to be distinct from the familiar dichotomy expressed as standards versus rules, but they share the difficulty of dividing the world of law in two. Still, regulatory approaches that focus on discontinuities can often be made more continuous, and vice versa. A speed limit is discontinuous in the sense that one drives above or below (or within) the announced limit. But it is often made more continuous—even with more discontinuities— as when the stated limit is different for various kinds of vehicles. This Article works around these definitional problems to show that law often discourages useful disclosures by encouraging parties with information to offer continuous information in order to avoid after-the-fact lawsuits when specific disclosures prove to have inaccuracies. For example, it is common to hear or be warned that a medical procedure poses the risk of death, when a better-informed doctor or hospital could have given the precise percentages attached to various outcomes. Similarly, a corporation is on safe ground when it follows "generally accepted accounting principles," when investors would have learned more from information about good and bad outcomes put in probabilistic terms. The Article works toward the suggestion that law might create a safe harbor in which probabilistic disclosures are protected when they are, or are certified to be, more useful than the ready alternative of fairly general disclosures.


Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists & Engineers 2014 Hellman Family Faculty Fellow 2013 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow 2013 Young Investigator Award, Air Force Office of Scientific Research 2012 Richard Whited Endowed Chair in Interdisciplinary Science Sept. 2011 – Present ARCS Fellowship Sept. 2004 – Sept. 2005 National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship Sept. 1999 – Sept. 2002 Elected to Phi Beta Kappa June 1998


In this work, a series of ordered rocksalt (OR) type Li-rich Li2Ru1–xNixO3−δ (LRNxO, 0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) are successfully synthesized and investigated for the first time. X-ray diffraction and neutron powder diffraction patterns exhibit an obvious phase transition from layered to an OR structure as the Ni content gradually increases from x = 0 to x = 0.5, which leads to different electrochemical behaviors. In the case of OR-LRN0.4O, an ∼350 mV decrease of the oxygen oxidation potential compared with Li2RuO3 (LRO) is observed from around 4.2 to 3.85 V, which is confirmed by both X-ray photelectron O 1s spectra and dQ/dV results. The role of Ni substitution on the oxygen redox reaction is studied by first-principles calculations, and it is concluded that the formation of the OR structure caused by Ni substitution is the main reason for lowering the oxygen oxidation potential. In addition, the average discharge voltage of OR-LRN0.4O is also enhanced compared with LRO. This work provides a novel innovative strateg...


Considering that the dialectic of affirmation and contestation of hegemonies constantly modifies, reconstructs and shifts identities, and that human creativity incessantly reinvents social life, it can be expected that official protection does not guarantee a safe place in the cultural pantheon for CH. Heritage can be integrated to the local cultures or refused by them. It can be forgotten, reencountered, remade, reinvented or trigger unexpected symbolic meanings and practices. This is a challenge that is perennially placed before the institutions responsible for the protection and conservation of these officially protected treasures. Summary 1 Preliminaries. – 2 Misfit Senses. – 3 Whose Heritage? – 4 Misfit and Exclusion. –


Halide perovskites, with prototype cubic phase ABX3, undergo various phase transitions accompanied by rigid rotations of corner-sharing BX6 octahedra. Using first-principles density functional theory calculations, we have performed a comprehensive investigation of all the possible octahedral tilting in eighteen halide perovskites ABX3 (A = Cs, Rb, K; B= Pb, Sn; X= I, Br, Cl) and found that the stabilization energies i.e. energy differences between cubic and the most stable tilted phases, are linearly correlated with tolerance factor t. Moreover, the tilt energies i.e. energy differences between cubic and various tilted phases, are linearly correlated with the change of atomic packing fractions ({\Delta}{\eta}), confirming the importance of atomic packing fraction as part of stability descriptor (t+{\mu}){\eta}, proposed in our previous work [JACS 139, 14905 (2017)]. We further demonstrate that (t+{\mu}){\eta}remains the best stability descriptor for tilted perovskites among descriptor candidates of {\eta}, {\mu}, t, and t+{\mu},extending previously proposed stability trend from cubic phases to tilted phases in general perovskites.