An Experience Knowledge Based Expert System was developed for the joint operation of Chungju and Soyanggang multipurpose reservoirs in the Han river basin during the drought. Expert knowledges for the establishment of the knowledge base were provided by the reservoir operation experts of the Korea Water Resources Corporation. The developing tool for the system was CLIPS software that includes the inference engine and functions to build the user interface module and knowledge base module. The developed system was applied to the drought period in 1994-1995 to derive the joint operation rules during the period. which were tested through simulation. The simulation results showed that the developed system can appraised the acceptable joint operation rules for the Chungju and Soyanggang Multipurpose reservoirs during the drought.


conception of arabesque to Schoenberg's Op. 7 String Quartet. In this work the ambiguity of the way in which the various elements of the 'dual-function' sonata form overlap, combined with the endless motivic development and variation, creates a sort of ambiguous complexity not far removed from ornamental arabesque. As the author puts it, 'if it is possible metaphorically to describe in plastic terms a law that outwardly controls the motivic ''development'' and regulates and organizes the form [eine von au en her u« ber die motivische ''Entwicklung'' wirkende, durch Gliederung formbestimmende Instanz], the principle that allows the form to ''proliferate'' out of the motivic transformation can be called ''arabesque''' (p. 144). Although this conception of 'arabesque', and, by extension, the grotesque, is ingenious, I am not entirely convinced that it really has much bearing on the central discussion. True, it is possible to regard the sudden changes of direction, discontinuities, and irregularity of phrasing as a form of grotesquerie, and there are of course examples of deliberately 'grotesque' sound effects in the course of the work. However, it is not really appropriate to regard the D minor quartet as a prime example of grotesquerie in Schoenberg's output, and Celestini's discussion of Opp. 9 and 10 does not really add much to what we already know about these works. This book was originally submitted as a Habilitationsschrift for the University of Graz, and, as often the case with such Germanlanguage publications, betrays rather too obviously its origin in a thesis. It is well printed, has footnotes instead of endnotes, andçunlike many such productionsçcontains an index. On the other hand, it would have benefited from considerable pruning. The paranoia that appears to drive present-day scholarly writers to give justification for every opinionçfor every remark they make, almostçmay be appropriate in an academic thesis; but it isn't necessary in a published work presumably meant for a wider readership than university examiners. The author could with profit restrict his references largely to primary sources that support his argument; hedging one's opinions with laborious citations of the opinions of others makes for tediousness. The reader is entitled to take on trust the fact that the author's opinions will have been fed and nurtured by the writings of other musicologists. Like somanyGerman academic theses, Celestini's study is perfectly competent while saying little that is really new. It will doubtless take its place on the shelves, or in the stacks, of university libraries, where it will be consulted from time to time.More than that one cannot say.


Diamond has many extreme properties, both physical and electronic. With an electronic bandgap of 5.5eV semiconducting diamond is an attractive candidate for photodetectors working in the deep ultra-violet region; the bandgap corresponding to an intrinsic long- wavelength threshold around 225nm. In the absence of any extrinsic absorption, visible-blind photodetectors may be realised. The physical, chemical and radiation hardness of diamond could allow such devices to be used in harsh environments where the conditions damage, and degrade the performance of, devices fabricated on more traditional semiconductor materials. Traditionally, the variability and rarity of natural diamond stones have made cost a prohibitive factor in the use of diamond as an electronic material. However, the development of synthetic fabrication techniques, such as chemical vapour deposition (CVD), has enabled the production of lower cost diamond, but with properties approaching the ideal properties of diamond. This thesis describes the use of CVD diamond for the realisation of deep ultra-violet photodetectors. The electrical, spectral and temporal characteristics of diamond photoconductors are examined. A two-stage methane/air heat treatment is used to passivate defects in the CVD diamond and hence improve the device characteristics. Ultra-violet photodetectors have uses in various fields; one of the most recent of which has arisen from the plan to use deep ultra-violet light during the photolithography stage of semiconductor chip manufacture. Detectors will be required for beam monitoring and profiling. Excimer laser wavelengths of 193nm (ArF) and then 157nm (F2) have been chosen by Sematech as future wavelengths to be used. At these wavelengths silicon detectors are inefficient, as well as being sensitive to visible wavelengths, and are easily damaged. The intrinsic absorption of diamond at these wavelengths, along with its radiation hardness, make diamond a suitable material for such detectors. Pulses from both ArF and F2 excimer lasers have been detected and are analysed here. Also reported is the first demonstration of an optically modulated field effect transistor (OPFET) fabricated on diamond. The device utilises the "doping"-effect of the hydrogen-terminated surface of CVD diamond.


In recent years, many renowed physicists have emphasized relativity when introducing their students to electromagnetic theory. This is an excellent way to present electromagnetic concepts not only to future physicists but also to future electrical engineers. The present paper outlines some difficulties in the classical approach that may be overcome by using concepts of special relativity.


Guinea-.pigs. "The guinea-pig is very suEceptible to Infection by both our groups of tuberole bacilli of human origin. It proved rather more susceptible to viruses of Groups I than to those of Group II." Most of the guinea-pigs were inocolated, but a relatively small number were fed. From the latter experiments Dr. Cobbett finds "that the guinea-pig is less easily affeated by feeding than by suboutaneous injection and that -after feeding repeatedly with milk containing small numbers of baoill, they may even escape infection altogether."


The magnetic fluctuation spectra are calculated for various phases of anisotropic superconductors. Both singlet and triplet superconducting phases can support anti-ferromagnetic fluctuations. For small values of the Coulomb repulsion, the spectra show power law frequency dependencies due to the nodes in the superconducting order parameter. For larger strengths of the Coulomb interaction, low energy critically damped collective excitations develop from the density of states in the gap. The q and ω dependence of the spectra can be used to deduce the character of the superconducting order parameter.


Numerous investigations on the mineral requirements of th,e animal organism have emphasized the necessity of an adequate supply of salts in the diet. Thus far only certain effects of specific mineral deficiencies have been investigated. On the basis of their classic work in 1918, Osborne and Mendel (1) concluded that the " law of the minimum " holds for all essential salts in the diet, failure of growth in the whole body resulting where the limiting factors are deficiencies in the salts of chlorine, sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. These investigators found that rats grew normally on a ration containing 0.035 per cent sodium. (6) reported a decreased rate of growth when the sodium content in the food is low. In addition, Miller (3) observed sterility of the female rat on this type of diet. St. John (4) demonstrated further effects of sodium deficiency. On such diets reproduction was abnormal and the eyes of many of the rats were seriously affected, blindness resulting in many cases. Although the above-mentioned experiments have elucidated to some extent nt the importance of sodium, the diets contained considerable amounts of sodium and, almost without exception, they were obviously deficient in some other dietary essentials. In this report it will be shown that these difficulties have been largely overcome. The sodium content of the experimental diet has been reduced to 0.002 per cent and other nutri-tive essentials have been provided in adequate amounts as demonstrated by the growth rate of rats restricted to this diet supplemented with sodium bicarbonate. This marked reduction in dietary sodium has been effected by the use of a new method (7) of extracting the vitamin B complex from yeast, EXPERIMENTAL. A total of ninety experimental and fifty, control rats were used in this investigation. Weaned rats weighing 35 to 40 grams were placed on the diets, the composition of whicn appears on the following page.


Inveterate elbow dislocations remain common in developing countries. We report the case of a 17-year-old child who consulted us after six months of trauma to the left elbow. Clinical examination revealed a deformed elbow, locked in extension with a mobility sector of 5°. The Mayo Clinic Elbow performance score was sixty-six; the downstream vasculo-nervous examination was normal. The face and profile X-ray of the elbow showed a pure posterolateral elbow dislocation. We used the posterior medial para-tricipital and lateral approach, a first stage of arthrolysis was performed. A complete reduction was achieved by progressive and non-traumatic gentle maneuvers. Intraoperative elbow flexion was less than 80°, indicating a retraction of the triceps muscle, so a Z-lengthening plasty was necessary. This reduction was then fixed with two olecranon-humeral K-wires. At the third week, the plaster cast and K-wires were removed. The patient was subsequently referred to a physical therapist. After a ten-month follow-up, an undistorted and functional elbow with a gain of twenty-one points according to the Mayo Clinic score was obtained. Surgical reduction of a neglected elbow dislocation with triceps lengthening plasty, followed by a codified physical therapy program, results in a remarkable restoration of elbow function and stability.
Keyword : elbow, dislocation, inveterate, reduction, triceps.


The fluid dynamic and mass transfer characteristics of concentric upward gas-liquid flow were studied in an industrial static mixer with four equally spaced helical inserts (FKSM). The numerical simulations of the gas volume fraction in a Kenics mixer was in good agreement with the numerical and experimental results provided by Rabha et al. The characteristics of radial gas void fraction and local mass transfer coefficients in the FKSM were evaluated under different operating conditions. The velocity profiles of the concentric air phase accelerated by the bubble forces first became sharp and narrow until z/l = = -3.27 and then slowly decreased and stabilized at z/l = -1.5 before entering the first mixing element. Some extra unimodal profile of radial gas holdup gradually generated near the rectangle cross-sections of the mixing elements. The ?G gradually enlarged from r/R = 0.2 to r/R = 0.55 and then weakened from r/R = 0.65 to r/R = 0.874. The air void fractions in the bulk flow region decreased with the increasing initial uniform bubble diameter. The inlet effect of the first leading edge enhanced the air phase dispersion and local mass transfer coefficients sharply increased from 2.04 to 3.69 times of that in the inlet. The local mass transfer coefficients in each mixing group had unimodal profiles.


Investigations by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and freeze-etching revealed that eyes of adult Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus consist of a lens and photoreceptor cells, which are separated by an acellular layer and the hypodermis. The lens contains numerous pore channels, which open beneath the epicuticula of the outer portion, converge uninterrupted to the inner closure and end in approximately 420 pore fields. The inner closure of the lens is formed as a deep circular invagination. Beneath the hypodermis and perpendicular to the lens, a group of approximately 20 highly differentiated photoreceptor cells in a rosette-like arrangement is localized within the invagination of the lens. Each photoreceptor cell is characterized terminally by numerous, tightly packed and parallel-running microvilli, which are oriented perpendicularly to the lenticular pore channels. histological studies or morphological descriptions and functional interpretations of eyes of ixodid tick genera (Bonnet 1907; Dethier 1957; Douglas 1943; Gossel 1935; Nosek and Campor 1973; Schulze 1948, 1951; Vitzthum 1925) are mainly of historical interest because of inadequate methodology. Additional morphological studies of eyes of other ixodid genera should therefore be pursued, especially with scanning electron microscopy. In the following study the morphology, especially the fine structure and organization, of the eyes of unfed adult Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus were investigated. This two-host tick species of veterinary importance (Gothe et al. 1986a-d) is native to the southwestern part of the Ethiopian fauna region and predominantly parasitizes herbivorous domesticated and wild animals. It is unique among the genus Rhipicephalus because of its orbited eyes. A fundamental prerequisite for physiological studies of vision is knowledge of the morphology and organization of the optical radiance and/or light-receiving exteroceptors. The paired, integumental surface structures, referred to as eyes, which are situated at the lateral border of the scutum and the transition area to the alloscutum have been interpreted to be peripheral organs of vision. They are present in the ixodid genera Amblyomma, Anomalohimalaya, Boophilus, Cosmiomma, Dermacentor, Hyalomma, Margaropus, Nosomma, Rhipicentor and Rhipicephalus. The attribution of these structures as light-perceiving organs is based on histological and ultrastructural investigations; however, these were carried out only on the eyes of A. americanum (Phillis and Cromroy 1977), H. asiaticum (Ivanov and Leonovich 1983; Leonovich 1979), and H. dromedarii (El Shoura 1988), all of which were consistently interpreted to be dioptric systems consisting of a lens and photoreceptive neurons. Previous Reprint requests to .' R. Gothe Materials and methods Scanning electron microscopy For scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the eyes, including orbita and sublenticular tissue, of 203 unfed adult R. evertsi mimeticus were dissected, immediately fixed in 70% ethanol and then broken horizontally, tangentially and sagitally with a scalpel blade. Dehydration was achieved with acetone in a 70%, 90%, 95% and 100% series. After critical-point drying (Balzers CPD 020), the samples were placed in a sputter device (Balzers SCD 040), coated with approximately 12 nm gold/palladium and examined in a Zeiss digital scanning electron microscope (DSM 950). Transmission electron microscopy Ultraand sernithin sections. Analogously to SEM, the eyes of 98 adult ticks were removed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immediately fixed in paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde (Karnovsky 1965) in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) for 3 h at 4 ~ C. Thereafter, the specimens were rinsed four times in cacodylate buffer, postfixed in 1% buffered osmium tetroxide for 1 h, washed again with buffer and dehydrated in a series of increasing concentrations of ethanol for 15 min each. Intermediate block contrasting R. Gothe et al. : Eye of Rhipicephalus adults 429 with 1% uranyl acetate was carried out at the dehydration stage of 70% ethanol at 4 ~ C. After dehydration in 90% ethanol, the samples were twice placed in absolute alcohol and in propylenoxide for 30 and 15 min, respectively. The samples were embedded in Durcupan ACM, with subsequent polymerisation for 48 h at 60 ~ C. For light microscopy, either 1to 2-1~m-thick sernithin sections were prepared and stained with methylene blue-azure II or the isolated lens was immediately investigated with a phase-contrast microscope (Leitz). Results total number of channels/lens calculated on the basis of the total number of pore openings was almost equal in both sexes. On average, 8113 and 787I channels were present in male and female ticks, respectively. According to ultrathin sections and freeze-etch replicas, the lens consisted of numerous pore channels embedded in a very fine granular, homogeneous ground substance (matrix). The outer boundary of the channels was not formed by a unit membrane. Freeze-etch replicas proved that the channels were tunnel-shaped, running convergently to the inner closure of the lens. Morphology of the lens SEM revealed that eyes corresponded in both sexes and appeared as paired, convex, hemispherical structures dorsally situated between the second and third pair of legs on the lateral scutal margin (Fig. 1). They were clearly delineated from the surface level of the scutum by an orbita (Fig. 2). Their greatest diameter was in the deepest area of the orbita and amounted to an average of 131 and 132 gm for male and female ticks, respectively. The maximal height from the base of the orbita was also similar in male and female ticks and reached, on average, 56 and 47 gm, respectively. The surface of the projection that should be considered a part of the lens was uniformly and uninterruptedly smooth and homogeneous. Few irregularly distributed campaniform-like sensilla were embedded at the transition to and in the orbita (Fig. 2). In light microscopic examination, the lens appeared as a very transparent, almost cork-shaped insertion in the cuticula, traversed by numerous fine striae that converged to the inner closure. It was externally markedly convex and internally slightly concave (Fig. 3). On the level of the greatest diameter, the outer cuticula rose to form a cuff with ridge like strands running from the orbita, which surrounded the outwardly arching part of the lens (Fig. 2). Channels 0.05-0.1 gm in diameter started immediately below the epicuticula of the curved, hemispherical outer portion of the lens. The channels were surrounded by a matrix and converged uninterruptedly to the interior of the lens (Fig. 4). In the middle of the lens their diameter approached 0.2-0.5 ~tm. They ended in approximately 420 clearly delineated pore fields as bundles of 13-30 channels with an interior diameter of 0.4-0.5 gm (Fig. 5, insert). The inner closure of the lens was concave, formed as a 34-gin-deep, circular invagination; however, the average diameter of 92 ~tm was considerably smaller than the widest external diameter (Fig. 5). Peripherally the lens formed a 57-gm-wide and 31gm-high ridge. Pore fields were confined to the invagination of the inner lens up to the border of the ridge. Centrally in the invagination, the pore fields measured an average of 2.6 p,m wide and 3.2 gm long, with 13-18 channels/pore field. With increasing distance from the center, pore fields gained continuously in the size and number of channels and reached maximal values of 9.3 ~tm in length and 5 Bm in width, with 20-28 channels/ pore field at the level of the ridge (Fig. 5, insert). The Morphology of the sublenticular tissue Immediately below the invagination of the inner lens, an acellular (approximately 4 gm thick), wavy, plaquelike or laminar layer was present (Fig. 6), directly followed by the one-cell-layer-thick hypodermis, which exhibited numerous spongy cytoplasmic projections in the vicinity of the accelular layer and rested on a basement membrane. Inwardly these projections became looser and formed vesicles (Fig. 6). Filaments from the sublenticular tissue communicated with the inner openings of the pore channels, extending deep into them and almost completely filling their lumena (Fig. 6). Beneath the basement membrane of the hypodermis and perpendicular to the lens, a group of approximately 20 highly differentiated cells in a rosette-like arrangement were localized within the concave invagination of the inner closure of the lens (Fig. 7, insert). The cells were wedge-shaped, up to 17 gm long and maximally 10.5 gm wide and were ultrastructurally identical, with no difference in arrangement seen between neighbouring cells. Every photoreceptor was terminally characterized by numerous, tightly packed and parallel-running microvilli up to 200 nm in diameter (Fig. 9), which were oriented perpendicularly to the lenticular channels. They consistently bordered the microvilli region of other cells at different angles although separated from them by a double membrane originating from the mesaxon. The base of the microvilli was conspicuous because of its deep invaginations as well as aggregations of glycogenlike inclusions (Fig. 7). Numerous crista-type mitochondria, intracellular channels, endoplasmic reticulum and membrane-bound vesicles were distributed in the rest of the photoreceptor cell soma. The nucleus, always with a distinct nucleolus, was situated peripherally. A double membrane surrounded each neuron and a neural lamella, all photoreceptor cells. In addition, each photoreceptor cell was separated by septa, which were connected with the membranes surrounding the axons and condensed towards the centre of the rosette, releasing fibrils into the microvilli region (Fig. 8).


Mallet, Sarah (Mrs. Boyce) (1764-1846), a native of Loddon, Norfolk, [England] who became a member of the Methodist Society there in her teens. In her early twenties, she began 'preaching' whilst apparently unconscious, suffering from a series of fits. Shortly after this, the fits ceased, but she continued to preach, first in the preaching-house in Long Stratton controlled by her uncle, and then throughout South Norfolk . She met JW [John Wesley] three months later; he was convinced of her call to preach and over the closing years of his life they corresponded frequently. In his letters JW advised her about her preaching style, and gave her encouragement and support (including an offer of financial help to assist her as she 'travelled up and down'). With the approval of JW and the Conference of 1787 she was given written authorization to preach-which no other woman received. After the death of JW she married Thomas Boyce, a Local Preacher, in 1793. She continued preaching after the 1803 Conference prohibition of female preaching, and the death of her husband in 1813. In her latter years she and Martha Grigson were companions, travelling together to preach. She preached widely throughout East Anglia, and also in London and Binningham. Her last recorded service was in October 1841 , representing at least 55 years preaching.


Abstruct-A two port, four variable method of analysis is used to predict the reflection coefficient of surface wave metal stripe reflectors, interdigital transducers, and the combination in a complete resonator. The four variables are related to force, particle velocity, electric potential, and electric current. Results show that unconnected metal stripe reflectors on YZ lithium niobate have a phase angle of reflection which is approximately 180" different from that predicted by other models. Consequently, the correct spacings for complete resonators is accurately predicted. Reflectivity of reflectors, electrical input impedance and acoustic fields of a complete resonator are given over frequency ranges of interest.


Based on an analysis of the academic performance of single-parent teenagers,this paper discusses the influence of such factors as family structure,economic pressure,family conflict,and social environment on the academic achievement of single-parent teenagers.It is found that such factors as poverty,defects in family structure,family conflict,and emotional undulation will not necessarily lead to failure in single-parent kids' education.It is also found that family emotions,parental expectations and involvement in kids' academic work,as well as resource provision and support on the part of parents are the indirect variables affecting the academic achievement of teenagers while academic self-concept on the part of kids themselves is the direct variable.As a result of these analyses,it can be concluded that peer interaction,social support for single-parent families,and cultural environment have far more influence on the growth of single-parent kids and thus for single parents,personality and social-emotional education are more important.


To turn PCs into home appliances that will be accepted by most consumers, vendors believe they have to make the computers as easy to use as other home appliances. Currently, say PC industry vendors, the machines take too long to turn on and off, and it is too much work to add peripherals and connect the computers to other types of electronic devices.


The cloud computing has increased rapidly in many organizations. Cloud computing have many benefits in terms of low cost and accessibility of data but Ensuring the security of cloud computing are major factor in the cloud computing environment, as users often store sensitive information with cloud storage providers but these providers may be untrusted. Dealing with "single cloud" providers is predicted to become less popular with customers due to risks of service availability failure and the possibility of malicious insiders in the single cloud. A movement towards "multi-clouds", or in other words, "interclouds" or "cloud-of-clouds" has emerged recently. This paper implement multiclouds with extra security mechanism. It is found that the research into the use of multicloud providers to maintain security has received less attention from the research community than has the use of single clouds. This work aims to promote the use of multi-clouds due to its ability to reduce security risks that affect the cloud computing user.


Black Boy is a story written by Richard Wright telling about a Mulatto kid, Richard Wright, who struggled for his identity. This story beganfrom his poor parents who lived in Mississippi. Wright had a big problem since he was a kid. He made the final decision to change his life and fateto be better up north. This study analyzed the main character, Richard Wright, his parents and relatives, and his neighbor. This study usesmimetic theory. To analyze this novel, the writer uses qualitative method. The words give big results to the writer to make a descriptive report. Tosupport his study, he used a historical approach to find out what really happened. Fate, Mulatto, slavery abolishment is all about Wright's life toget his American dream.


Objective: The aim of this study is to analyzed the economic impact of tourism development in Mandalika as one of Super Priority Tourism Destinations Program to local communities.

Theoritical Framework: This study explores the economic impact from sustainable tourism development. Sustainable tourism development suggest to give more impact to the local community.

Method: This study is conducted using qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and focus group discussion. The collected data will be organized into data categories and analyzed by studying all the collected data, coding the data based on the theme, and interpreting the meaning of the theme to answer the problems according to the research objectives. Sources used in this study are from local community, which consist of tourism industry, supporting industry and local society

Findings: The results of this study indicate that there are direct and indirect economic impacts on the local community's economy, both in the core and buffer tourism zones.


Underground coal mining can result in land deformation (e.g., land subsidence and ground fissures), and may consequently change the soil nutrients. Soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and available phosphorus (AP) are critical indicators of soil fertility and eco-restoration in mining areas. In this study, soil samples (depth: 0–20 cm) were collected twice from 20 sampling points in pre-mining and post-mining in the No.12 panel of Caojiatan coalfield, in the Loess Plateau of China. SOM, TN, and AP in soil samples were measured, and the nutrient loss was evaluated. Ten environmental factors affecting soil nutrient loss were identified from a 5-m resolution digital elevation map (DEM). The paired t-test was utilized to evaluate the differences between SOM, TN, and AP in pre-mining and post-mining soil. The mechanisms of the effects of environmental factors on soil nutrient loss were revealed based on multiple linear regression, redundancy analysis (RDA), and the random forest algorithm (RF). Ordinary kriging and RF were utilized to predict and optimize the spatial distribution of the soil nutrient loss. The results showed that significant differences existed between the SOM, TN, and AP in the pre-mining and post-mining soil. The model established by RF provided a higher accuracy in terms of fitting the correlation between soil nutrient loss and environmental factors compared to the model established by multiple linear regression, and the feature importance obtained by RF showed that profile curvature, distance to working panel margin, and surface roughness were the most significant factors affecting the loss of SOM, TN, and AP, respectively. This study provides a theoretical reference for eco-restoration, as well as soil and water conservation, in subsided lands in coalfields.


This paper proposes and analyzes a novel radial partitioned stator HTS-excitation flux-switching (RPS-HTSFS) machine. The key is that the single ring-shaped HTS-excitation coil is independently placed in the coaxial claw-pole outer stator while the armature windings are wound around the U-shaped iron core on the inner flux-switching armature stator without permanent magnets. This solution has been explored to realize the physical isolation of armature winding and excitation winding, relieving the influence of armature field on the HTS-excitation coil. Moreover, only a single ring-shaped HTS-excitation coil is employed, therefore, reducing the HTS wires and the bending strain of the HTS-excitation coil. Also, the special refrigeration system can realize stationary seals of the double-layer ring-shaped cooling Dewar pattern, improving the cooling performance. By using the three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA), the machine performances are investigated and the validity of the proposed machine is verified.


Wind turbine blades experience excessive load due to inaccuracies in the prediction of aerodynamic loads by conventional methods during design, leading to structural failure. The blade element momentum (BEM) method is possibly the oldest and best-known design tool for evaluating the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine blades due to its simplicity and short processing time. As the turbine rotates, the aerofoil lift coefficient enhances, notably in the rotor's inboard section, relative to the value predicted by 2D experimentation or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the identical angle of attack; this is induced by centrifugal pumping action and the Coriolis force, thus delaying the occurrence of stall. This rotational effect is regarded as having a significant influence on the rotor blade's aerodynamic performance, which the BEM method does not capture, as it depends on 2D aerofoil characteristics. Correction models derived from the traditional hard computing mathematical method are used in the BEM predictions to take into account stall delay. Unfortunately, it has been observed from the earlier literature that these models either utterly fail or inaccurately predict the enhancement in lift coefficient due to stall delay. Consequently, this paper proposes a novel stall delay correction model based on the soft computing technique known as symbolic regression for high-level precise aerodynamic performance prediction by the BEM process. In complement to the correction model for the lift coefficient, a preliminary correction model for the drag coefficient is also suggested. The model is engendered from the disparity in 3D and 2D aerofoil coefficients over the blade length for different wind speeds for the NREL Phase VI turbine. The proposed model's accuracy is evaluated by validating the 3D aerofoil coefficients computed from the experimental results of a second wind turbine known as the MEXICO rotor.


To evaluate the relative contributions to the diagnosis of fetal brain abnormalities of targeted ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in fetuses infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV).


A date of 108 conflicts with the testimony of Philostratus, whose biography of Apollonius implies that he was born in the first decade of the 1st c. A.D. and died around 98. To obviate the difficulty, Filippini suggests that the sentence, "If Apollonius had been present, he would have persuaded Fabulla not to mourn", implies that the writer was referring to Apollonius of Tyana and not to himself, but if he had meant the man of Tyana, he would surely have specified his city of origin. In certain contexts, selfnaming serves to increase pathos: Tacitus (Ann. 2.71.3) represents the dying Germanicus as saying, flebunt Germanicum etiam ignoti: vindicabitis vos, si me potius quam meam fortunam fovebatis.12 The writer must be some unknown "Apollonius", this being one of the commonest of Greek names, whose letter has crept into the collection by error; he is a moral counselor familiar with the proconsul and his family, a philosophical intimate of a kind well known in Roman society. No doubt there were dozens of philosophical Apollonii now lost to history.13 Ones who could have lived in the early 2nd c. include a Peripatetic known only from an inscription copied in Rome and now lost; Apollonius of Alexandria, a commentator on Aristotle who might be a Peripatetic mentioned by Plutarch; and Apollonius of Chalcedon, a Stoic and one of the teachers of Marcus Aurelius.


Injection efficiency enhancement P-channel type insulated gate bipolar transistors, belonging to the technical field of power semiconductor devices, the present invention is based on the structure on a conventional SOI-LIGBT devices, are introduced beneath the polysilicon gate of the first N-type and P-type body region thereof Area. In the forward pass, the high N-type doping concentration or the thickness of the body, raising the electronic barrier, enhance the carrier concentration near the emitter, leading to better carrier distribution, reducing device the forward voltage drop and get a better trade-off relationship between the forward voltage drop and the turn-off loss, while increasing the saturation current capability of the device. In the forward blocking, the equivalent of a polysilicon gate field plate, resulting in the breakdown voltage of the P-type epitaxial layer determined by the first N-type depletion region thereof, and therefore the concentration of P-type body region can be greatly improved, and does not affect the device of pressure.


A new type of stochastic simulation models is developed for solving transport problems in saturated porous media which is based on a generalized Langevin stochastic differential equation. A detailed derivation of the model is presented in the case when the hydraulic conductivity is assumed to be a random field with a lognormal distribution, being statistically isotropic in space. To construct a model consistent with this statistical information, we use the well-mixed condition which relates the structure of the Langevin equation and the probability density function of the Eulerian velocity field. Numerical simulations of various statistical characteristics like the mean displacement, the displacement covariance tensor and the Lagrangian correlation function are presented. These results are compared against the conventional Direct Simulation Method.


Liquid oxygen (LOX) constitutes a popular propellant used in multistage rockets for space launch vehicles. The delivery of LOX to mix with the main fuel can be realised at either supercritical (lower-stages of the tandem rocket structure) or subcritical (upper stages) pressure conditions. The present study demonstrates the applicability of different numerical approaches with regards to capturing phase-change of LOX in both suband supercritical regimes in a converging-diverging nozzle layout. Hydrodynamic-instability effects have been taken into account through unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) simulations and detached eddy simulations (DES). The phase-change rate between the compressible phases for subcritical, i.e. flash boiling, conditions has been predicted employing a kinetic theory of gases (Hertz-Knudsen) equation, whereas, for supercritical conditions the two-phase mixture properties have been obtained by look-up tables derived by the REFPROP dataset. The comparative investigation has demonstrated that the two-phase jet expansion dynamics exhibit much more profound features in the subcritical-pressure regime compared to supercritical expansion. DES has verified that the flow transition from supersonic to subsonic velocities at the edges of shock cells induces instabilities responsible for the formation of a transient secondary-flow pattern downstream the location of the Mach disk.


Dormitory culture,as a new culture developing in recent years,is an important component of university campus culture.The article based on the connotation of university dormitory culture and the aesthetic function of construction of dormitory culture,explores how to enhance the construction of dormitory culture on the aspects of material,system and concept,so as to give full play to the aesthetic function of the construction of dormitory culture.


Abstract : In order to monitor ecological conditions, study the processes of energy and mass transfer, and predict climate in polar regions it is necessary to introduce modern means of remote sensing. This paper considers potential applications and presents results of remote sensing of the ocean surface, ice, and soil-vegetation ground cover in polar regions obtained by satellite and aircraft side-looking radar. Unlike optical systems, surface studies using radar systems are not limited by illumination, or restricted by clouds and fog. Interpretation of radar data was based on comparisons between the coefficients of inverse diffusion and direct measurements made at test sites. The structure of ocean waves is reflected in radar images, revealing processes such as surface currents, internal waves, eddies, and frontal zones. Control data have shown economic disasters such as oil spills and drifting pollutants from coastal cities into the sea. Prospects are presented for using radar sensing for resolving a number of scientific and practical problems for the study of ice in the Arctic Basin. Radar methods also permit the characterization of soil-vegetation ground cover. In regions intensively used for agriculture, geochemical processes taking place under the earth and on its surface affect the soil structure and dielectric permeability at the surface level, and are evident in radar images.


Abstract : Performance characterization of a sealed lead/acid battery (BB-490/U) as a replacement for the lithium/sulfur dioxide battery (BA-5590/U) was undertaken. The effects of discharge rate and temperature upon battery performance were studied. Results were compared to those of the BA-5590/U battery under identical test conditions. Delivered capacity of the BB-490/U is greatly dependent upon both the rate of discharge and temperature; whereas, BA- 5590/U performance is highly stable throughout the various test conditions. Continuous BB-490/U performance is at least 3.5 times less than that of the BA- 5590/U battery. Overall, definite cost savings are realized using BB-490/U, versus BA-5590/U.... Sealed lead/acid battery, Cost savings versus lithium battery usage.


The role of biological diversity in maintaining ecosystem functioning is a central issue in ecology. Most studies on diversity-functioning relationships have focused on ecosystem and community levels, leaving the extension of those relationships to other organization levels, such as populations, as a challenging and unsolved issue. Empirical studies have shown links between pollinator diversity and plant fecundity, suggesting that a diversity-functioning relationship at the population level may occur in pollination systems. We theoretically explored the effect of pollinator diversity on plant reproduction. We found that low pollinator diversity is beneficial when the most abundant pollinators are the most effective. In contrast, when the most effective pollinators are not the most abundant, we found an optimal value of pollinator diversity at which plant fecundity is maximized. When we parametrized our model with real data, we obtained that an increase in pollinator diversity was beneficial for the reproduction of some plants whereas it was harmful for other plants, the outcome depending exclusively on the differences in effectiveness among pollinators. Consequently, our theoretical approach suggests that in pollination systems the diversity-function relationship may be explained as the consequence of the interaction between among-pollinator differences in effectiveness and frequency of interaction, without the need to invoke additional ecological mechanisms.


In the present paper we developed an economic order quantity model for Weibull deteriorating items with price dependent demand rate together with a replenishment policy for profit maximization. The demand rate is a continuous and differentiable function of price. The variable items deteriorate with time shortages are allowed and completely back-ordered. Further it is illustrated with the help of numerical examples.


The electronic states of Ga-terminated and As-terminated GaAs(100)-(1×1) surfaces and those surfaces with adsorbed O and S are studied by molecular orbital calculation using small cluster models and the discrete variational Xα method. Without adsorption of any foreign atoms, the Ga-terminated surface has 4p-related surface states in the middle of the forbidden band. While, the As-terminated surface has 4p-related surface states in the lower half of the forbidden band. The adsorption sites of chalcogen atoms on Ga- and As-terminated surfaces are determined ab initio by using density functional theory (Gaussian 98). With adsorbed chalcogen atoms, the density of the surface states in the forbidden band of the surface Ga layer markedly decreases, and that of the surface As layer increases. The adsorbates have states in the lower half of the band gap (Ga-terminated surface) or in the valence band (As-terminated surface). The results suggest that a chalcogen adsorbed Ga-terminated and bare As-terminated surface have low surface densities in the upper half of the band gap.


INTRODUCTION
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a sensitive marker of brain injury after hypoxia or ischemia. There are few studies about its usefulness in asphyctic newborns.

OBJECTIVE
To study the correlation between blood NSE levels and neurological outcome in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We have determined the blood values of NSE by radioimmunoassay in 25 asphyctic term-newborns with clinical encephalopathy (of mild, moderate and severe degree) and in 22 healthy term newborns (control group). Blood samples were obtained between 24 and 72 hours after birth in all neonates. Surviving infants were followed for a variable time (median: 3.5 years; range: 1-6) and the neurological status was determined.

RESULTS
NSE levels in the group of asphyctic neonates who died or developed neurological sequelae (n= 6; mean: 116.4 ng/ml; range: 42-226) were significantly higher than NSE values in the group of asphyctic neonates who were neurologically normal at follow-up (n= 19; mean: 21.3 ng/ml; range: 7.4-40), with p< 0.001. There were not differences between NSE values in the group of asphyctic neonates who developed neurologically normal and the control group (mean: 7.6 ng/ml; range: 10.3-28.3). Sensitivity and specificity of blood NSE as predictor of poor outcome were, respectively, 100% and 78%. The combined specificity for blood NSE together with a moderate/severe encephalopathy was 95%.

CONCLUSIONS
The presence of elevated NSE values in blood after perinatal asphyxia can be a sensitive indicator of conspicuous brain damage. The combined information provided by the severity of the encephalopathy together with the blood NSE values have shown a high predictive value for neurological outcome.


Flocks of starlings have been known to show intricate aerial displays called murmurations.
In the article "Self-organized aerial displays of thousands of starlings: a model", that was published in Behavioral Ecology as of the 11th of October 2010, H. Hildenbrandt,
C. Carere and C.K. Hemelrijk explain the typical swarm behavior as the e�ect of self organization. They present the StarDisplay model, that can be used to describe
the roosting behavior of a flock of starlings in terms of swarm intelligence. The model de�nes simple rules for the birds, in an attempt to mimic real life
ight behavior. In this report, the e�ects of these rules are investigated. We have found three problems
with the StarDisplay model and propose adaptations to solve these. The model uses Tait-Bryan angles to de�ne the orientation of a bird in space. If the orientation is vertical, the heading and banking axes become parallel and the system loses one degree of freedom. This is solved by adding a driven gimbal or by using a di�erent representation
for the orientation. For this model, the Tait-Bryan angles su�ce, so no adaptation is proposed. The updating mechanism for the interaction range lacks a lower boundary,
but a radius can not be negative. Moreover, the radius does not stabilize when the desired number of partners is reached, but instead decreases. The absence of a lower
boundary can be disregarded if the time step is su�ciently small. The limit radius is fixed with a minor alteration to the interaction range control. The banking angle control
causes the birds to spin violently, instead of gradually banking toward their goal.
In addition, the model makes use of in�nite accelerations, which disagrees is physically impossible. Newton's second law for rotational motion is used to rewrite the updating
mechanism. The proposed adaptations to the StarDisplay do not change the behavior of the model in the tested situation. They are an improvement because they impose
boundaries and prevent discontinuities. Further research is needed to verify that the study done in the article can be reproduced using the adapted StarDisplay model.


Pyrolysis and steam gasification of Yallourn brown coal with Na, Ca and Ni catalysts were carried out in a fluidized bed reactor at 1.1MPa. The Na or Ca ion was loaded on the coal by the ion-exchange method using NaCl or Ca (OH) 2 solution, and Ni catalyst was impregnated from Ni (NH3) 6CO3 solution. When the coal was pyrolyzed in N2 stream at 1.1MPa, the weight loss was smaller in the presence of these catalysts because of a smaller evolution of tar. The tar was decom-posed to carbon and gaseous materials with the Ni, and it was converted into gas at higher temperatures with the Na and Ca.These catalysts promoted the steam gasification of brown coal under pressurized atmospheres. The addition of Ni, Na and Ca lowered the gasification temperature by 220, 70 and 150K, respectively. The reactivity of Ni-loaded coal levelled off at around 970K and the coal conversion of 80%, whereas the reactivity of Ca-loaded coal increased with temperature and the conversion reached 93% at 1080K. The conversion of coal carbon to gas and the total amount of product gas were considerably larger for the catalyst-loaded coals, because these catalysts promoted the reaction of tar with H2O as well as the gasification of char. The Ni catalyst was found to be more suitable for the direct produc-tion of methane by the reaction between brown coal and steam, and the Ca catalyst was suitable for the production of H2-rich gas. It was also found that the gasification catalyst could be used to control the H2/CO ratio in product gas.


We acquire attitude through learning and we retain them. Why do we have to retain them if it is not good to us? One answer is because attitude serves important functions to us (Michener et. al., 1986). Psychologists are particularly interested in the functions that attitude s play for the personality, as sources of motivation which permit adaptation to the environment. The "functional" approach to attitude is represented in the writing of Katz (Mann, 1969).


An eight-year-old female spayed boxer was presented in acute convulsive status epilepticus (SE). Blood gas analysis and serum biochemistry revealed mild metabolic acidosis [pH 7·3, reference interval (RI) 7·35 to 7·45, bicarbonate 13 mmol/L, RI 18 to 24] and mild azotaemia (creatinine 203 μmol/L, RI 35 to 106). The complete blood count and the cerebrospinal fluid analysis were unremarkable. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity of both temporal lobes, more severely on the left side, and mildly enlarged lateral ventricles (Fig 1). There was no contrast enhancement present. According to the World Health Organisation animal grading system (Koestner and others 1999) histopathological examination revealed oligodendroglioma (Fig 2A) in the left temporal and piriform lobes accompanied by status spongiosus, capillary proliferation, disseminated microbleeding, gliosis and neuronal necroses in adjacent structures. Moderate oedema and gliosis was evident in the right hippocampus and temporal lobe (Fig 2B). According to Young and others (2011), cortical thickening and peripheral localisation may be suggestive for oligodendrogliomas; however, the main MRI-diagnosis in the present case was suggestive of bilateral temporal lobe oedema. MRI and histopathological examination of canine and feline patients with acute seizures have produced similar findings in the piriform and temporal lobes (Melemma and others 1999, Mariani and others 2001, Vanhaesebrouck and others 2012). SE may cause brain damage through a variety of mechanisms such as excitotoxic effects, hypoxia, lactic acidosis and ischaemia. Some neurons of the temporal lobe are known to be highly vulnerable to SE (Sommer 1880). With the present case, the authors would like to emphasise that seizure-induced temporal lobe changes can mask the primary pathology even when high-field (1·5 T) MRI is used. For better diagnosis it is recommended to repeat the imaging after the decrease of seizureinduced changes.


OF THE DISCLOSURE A new method is disclosed for the preparation of pyr azinamide derivatives. The process involves reaction of an amine derivative with a very reactive pyrazinoyloxy acrylamide prepared by reaction between a pyrazinoic acid and an isoxazolium salt. The reactivity of the pyr azinoyloxyacrylamide permits the preparation of com pounds previously unavailable and hence many of the products are new compounds. The compounds prepared by this process have utility as diuretics. This application is a continuation-in-part of our co pending U.S. application, Ser. No. 718,976 filed Mar. 21, 1968, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of our co pending application, Ser. No. 666,004, filed Sept. 7, 1967, both applications having been abandoned. This invention relates to a new process for the prepa ration of amide derivatives (III) of pyrazinoic acid, to certain new pyrazinamides (III) and to the intermediate pyrazinoyloxyacrylamides (I). In particular it relates to the process for the preparation of 3-amino-5,6-disubsti tuted-pyrazinamides, and certain N-derivatives which comprises the reaction of a 3-amino-5,6-disubstituted pyrazinoyloxyacrylamide with an amine derivative (II). The invention also relates particularly to certain new amide derivatives of 3-amino-5,6-disubstituted-pyrazinoic acids including pyrazinamides, pyrazinoic acid hydrazides, pyrazinolyamidines, 1-pyrazinoyl-3-hydroxy (and alkoxy) guanidines, and pyrazinoylbiguanides. It also relates to the novel intermediate (3-amino-5,6-disubstituted-pyra zinoyloxy) acrylamides. The process is represented by the following Method A: Method A


We introduce a simple family of models for representing the dark matter in galaxies. The potential and phase space distribution function are all elementary, while the density is cusped. The models are all hypervirial, that is, the virial theorem holds locally, as well as globally. As an application to dark matter studies, we compute some of the properties of γ-ray sources caused by neulralino self-annihilation in dark matter clumps.


Considering new concepts of affect and affect process, clarifying distinctions among past concepts, and noticing participation of affect dynamics in health and illness suggests an alternative theory of symptom and neurosis. Personality the ory based on transient affect has more credibility and has clinical advantage over personality theory based on concepts of enduring affect. I discuss the contrast between the logic and reality of past and new theory, and the inferential processes used. New concepts of affect phobia, affect potentiation, affect storm, affect function, affect process, storm structure, conscious affect, and unconscious affect are presented. The new theory calls for consideration of independent simul taneity rather than sequentiality of affect and cognition, and reconsideration of the place of anxiety in psychology. The theory implies the use of different treatment paradigms for each category of disorder. In preface, the theory of emotion that is presented here complicates theory of symptom and neurosis, simplifies treatment, and makes cure possible. The theory describes a basis for preventing illness and obviating psychotherapy for several psychological disorders. I describe: some discoveries about the funda mental nature of psychological disorders as a starting point for subsequent description of psychotherape utic approaches. The complexity of the theory resides in an interweaving of many ideas about emotion and emotion process. Some of these ideas are contrary to long-held beliefs about emotion and emo tion process which form the basis of previous theories of emotion, neurosis, and therapy. I start with the basic premise that affect is transient, and that it exists only momentarily regardless of how often and how rapidly it may be repeated. The theoretical implications of affect as nonstorable make the world of emotion and the world of psychological process very different from current commonly held views.


In this paper, we seek to establish a link between some basic key skills and the way in which ICT could be used to foster those skills in schools. This is preceded by a brief introduction examining what the term key skill usually stands for. We investigate how ICT can be used to foster the development of skills that are not specifically related to a particular disciplinary field or technical ability but which are relevant and useful in primary and secondary school education and can affect access to future employment. A new element presented in this work concerns the possibility of reflecting about relationships which, thanks to an appropriate use of technology, are being established between processes of innovation in school, teaching practice and the changing abilities and methods required in the world of work.


The recent advancement of modern information telecommunication technology and its use in e-health/telemedicine plays an increasingly important role in facilitating access to diagnostic services, even to people living in the most remote areas, and in the least developed parts of the world. With more than five billion subscriptions worldwide, current cell phones not only make calls, but send and receive text messages, take color photos, download videos and music, browse the Internet, etc. For example, the overall number of text messages sent worldwide tripled between 2007 and 2010, from an expected 1.8 trillion to 6.1 trillion, with about 200,000 messages sent every second.


The theoretical principles of a method of kinetic analysis, based on formally integrated kinetic equations, are described. Cases where the experimental results do not fulfill a postulated mechanism, can be determined clearly by this method. Whether the statistical experimental errors affect the final result can also be determined. Widely different kinetic equations based on different mechanisms can be verified. Since the computing methods are the same for the various mechanisms, the method can be easily programmed.


Art therapy implicates the subject in a first person perspective, and thus arouses the perception of himself as an agent: his agency. Precisely, this sense of agency is altered in schizophrenia, and this impairment is proposed to be the essential etiopathogenic mechanism of schizophrenia. Action-monitoring is knowned as a basis of the sense of agency, through the comparison between the intention and the result of the action (the sensory feedback). In this perspective, we conceived a cognitive paradigm evaluating action-monitoring. We used a virtual reality tool allowing a manipulation of sensory feedbacks. Finally, we put foward the training to those sensory-motor tasks associated to the manipulation of the feedbacks, as a treatment for agency's impairment. As this tool can be customized for art therapy applications, we propose here a new form of art therapy, based on sensory integration and action monitoring.


SummarySummary 1111 IntroductionIntroduction 3333 Materials and methodsMaterials and methods 7.....777 Study sites 7 Sampling and processing 10 Zooplankton 10 Fish 12 Water quality 13 Chlorophyll-a 13 Water nutrients 13 Analyses 13 ResultsResults 15115515 Water quality 15 Nutrient concentrations 16 Chlorophyll-a 17 Zooplankton assemblages 18 Murray hardyhead recruitment 25 Site 31 Boggy Creek 25 Site 32 Mundoo Island 26 Site 35 Mundoo Island 27 Comparison of Murray hardyhead isolates 28 Fish diets 30 Mouth gape comparisons 30 Diets 31 DiscussionDiscussion 34334434 Hypothesis 1: flooding and recruitment 34 Hypothesis 2: dietary shifts 34 Hypothesis 3: alien fish 35 General discussion 36 Zooplankton 36 Murray hardyhead 37 Gambusia 38 Salinity 38 Environmental Water Allocations 39 Management and research considerations 40 AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements 42.......442242 ReferencesReferences 43443343 AppendicesAppendices 47447747


CASE I Leprosy Leprosy has been uncommon in the United Kingdom since the sixteenth century. It is caused by the Gram-positive, non-motile, Mycobacterium leprae, which closely resembles the causative organism of tuberculosis. The disease is spread by prolonged and intimate contact with open cases. This patient shows the maculo-anaesthetic leprides of tuberculoid leprosy: each macule is dry, well defined, anaesthetic and hypopigmented. Myco. leprae are difficult to find in the lesions. Tuberculoid leprosy develops when the tissues show a brisk immunity reaction to the causative organism; in the absence of such a reaction the lepromatous form of the disease develops. I t is only necessary to isolate open cases. The most valuable drugs are suiphone by mouth and sulphetrone by injection.


EDITOR—The issues that Shepherd et al raise in their editorial on using injury data for violence prevention should be more widely debated,1 particularly because the government has suggested that its plans to tackle violence will be based partly on injury data derived from accident and emergency departments.2

Shepherd et al suggest that accident and emergency departments should give the police assault data on a regular basis. They note something that the accident and emergency community …


Authors refer about their experience on five cases of thoracic trauma. Following a review of international literature, they analyze the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this kind of injuries.


In this paper, we provide a framework to select an optimal relay that keeps the balance of energy consumption among the nodes. We also propose REC-MAC protocol which is more than 70% energy-efficient over CoopMAC. Simulation restJlts also show that end-2-end delay of REC-MAC is better than CoopMAC.


We propose a high-efficiency regime of a "multi-stage" trapping in FELs. This FEL scheme use strongly tapered flying RF undulator sections to be fed by short (nanosecond) high-power RF pulses produced by already existing BWOs. In this regime, phase locking of the RF sources is not necessary. The proposed method allows efficiency at level of several per cents in FELs driven by modern laser-plasma accelerators producing bunches of high energy spread.


An amorphous shell/nanocrystalline core nanostructured TiO2 electrode was prepared at low temperature, in which the mixture of TiO2 powder and TiCl4 aqueous solution was used as the paste for coating a film and in this film amorphous TiO2 resulted from direct hydrolysis of TiCl4 at 100°C sintering was produced to connect the particles forming a thick crack-free uniform nanostructured TiO2 film (12 µm), and on which a photoelectrochemical solar cell-based was fabricated, generating a short-circuit photocurrent density of 13.58mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.647 V, and an overall 4.48% light-to-electricity conversion efficiency under 1 sun illumination.


Review of Michael Sayer, Nobles and nobilities of Europe. A history of structures, law and institutions (London etc.: I.B. Tauris, 2020, 4 vols, 1862 p., ill., index).


Wholesale trade in food chains is present in all markets connecting the various links in the food chain. The visibility of their activity is limited and often reduced to the resale of products in the state when the industry creates value for its innovations. This study aims both to quantify the economic value of wholesale trade and to analyze the dynamics of its component companies : groups, cooperatives, independent businesses.


ABSTRACT Northern Ireland is a society which has suffered communal strife for decades, a result of divergent political and religious identities. Since the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, the violence associated with this tension has receded. This article looks at some of the different areas where there has been inter-communal conflict: political structures, elections, policing, language, employment and treatment of victims. It identifies the solutions and identifies the tools to implement those solutions. Legislation has been used as a tool of choice to regulate that diversity, to provide protection and to solve problems resulting from that diversity. Legislation is not the inevitable tool to use, softer forms of regulation are also available. There are two suggested reasons for the reliance upon legislation. Firstly, in the absence of trust between political parties, legislation offers an enforceable solution which is legally binding upon all parties. Secondly, legislation can be seen as a concrete and tangible achievement.


During the last decade, there has been a steady increase in the publication of books about dinosaurs, written by both experts and writers outside the field of paleontology. Such a growing and accessible literature is of great use to paleontology students, dinosaur enthusiasts, teachers, and the general public. Dinosaur books also provide an important resource for writers of popular science articles and children's literature. An annotated bibliography of dinosaur books is, therefore, a useful resource allowing prospective readers some insight into the content, scope, and quality of available literature. It will also help professionals and enthusiasts with existing libraries to identify titles they may be missing. Any attempt at reviewing or summarizing literature in a particular field is subjective to some degree. For this reason, we have attempted to focus on a description of the content and scope of the books rather than indulge in undue opinion on the quality of writing or work. Our annotations are brief, and they are not book reviews. We have also indicated whether the authors) or contributors are professional paleontologists – also referred to as experts or authorities. We have ventured some subjective opinion about the best books and drawn attention to books that fall into particular categories. We have not included children's books in the list, owing to their vast numbers and limited scientific content. Similarly, we have not included paleontology books that outline the entire fossil or vertebrate record and confine discussion of dinosaurs to specific chapters or sections. Even so, the list of available "dinosaur books," as we define them, is quite substantial and growing steadily. The reader with a comprehensive collection can easily amass a collection with more than 100 titles.


This LibGuide will feature YA novels recommended for LGBTQ+ teens and community as well as resources for teens, family and allies.


Diabetes mellitus continues to become more prevalent in the United States, with approximately 1.5 million new cases diagnosed each year (ADA, 2018). Nurses play a key role in providing education to diabetic patients on the management of this disease. This encompasses a multitude of topics such as diabetic medications, treatments, and lifestyle choices that ultimately may aid in decreased morbidity and mortality otherwise associated with the disease and its co-morbidities. However, nurses' own perceived diabetes knowledge has been found to be overestimated when compared to actual nursing knowledge (Alotaibi, Ghlizadeh, Al-Ganmi&Perry, 2017; Wakefield&Wilson, 2014). Research also illustrates that the actual knowledge of diabetes care is suboptimal, and educational programs specifically tailored to diabetes management knowledge result in an improvement from pre-test scores with subsequent retention of the materials presented (Moattari, Moosavinasab, Dabaghmanesh,&SarifSanaiey, 2014; Sweeney, Kenny and Schubert, 2013). The following literature review appraises current practice in diabetes management and evaluates literature regarding actual knowledge of nurses caring for inpatient diabetics. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine whether the implementation of a diabetic education program improves nurses' knowledge in the medical management, treatment, and care of the adult critical care patient with hyperglycemia. Results demonstrated variability in baseline knowledge and overall significant improvement in scores which validated the need for this program and may indicate a need to focus future educational programs on the care of the patient with diabetes.


The present invention relates to a method of aerated food products, said method comprising the steps of: at least one porous diffuser food process medium introduced into the gas stream, so as to obtain a gas / food mixture, and said gas / food process medium mixture in the static mixing the blending operation is performed. The present invention also relates to products obtainable by this method.


We report the experimental observation of nonlinear optical phase conjugation using F+3 centers in LiF crystals. Using a pulsed dye laser (460 nm) as pump light, a maximum phase conjugate reflectivity of about 0.1% was obtained.


The present invention in a landing plug forming process using the SPE, relates to a method for forming a semiconductor device for improving the dishing caused by the flattening of the SPE to securely manufacture the device. This is a step to select the method comprising: forming a plurality of gate on a semiconductor substrate, comprising the steps of: forming an interlayer insulating film such that the embedding of said plurality of gates, the inter-layer insulating film etching for opening the landing plug-forming region, wherein the opening the interlayer insulating film the method comprising embedding the deposited SPE that includes the steps of the boron is in progress a thermal process results in the injection of implanting boron over the SPE. Dishing, landing plugs, polysilicon, SPE, leveling, single-crystal


For the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) which is considered as the gold standard, some disadvantages could limit its use such as the necessity of a special pre test preparation by the patient including an appropriate diet for 3 days before the test and a satisfactory period of overnight fasting, its time consumption taking at least 2 hours and the intolerance of the glucose load by a significant number of people with nausea, vomiting and a delayed gastric emptying. Thus, improved methods to detect diabetes and pre-diabetes are particularly needed such as the HbA1c testing which is in contrast with FBG and OGTT an easiest and most practical test as it is not affected by prandial status allowing measurement at any time of the day and it is only using a single blood sample [5,6]. Moreover, HbA1c exhibits low intra-individual variation and is relatively stable with no pre-analytic variabilities [7]. In 2010, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) proposed HbA1c≥6.5% for the diagnosis of diabetes and 5.7-6.4% for impaired glucose tolerance [5]. However, the use of HbA1c as a screening test for type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes has been widely debated in literature. Particularly, ethnic variations in HbA1c imply different cut-off values for diabetes and pre-diabetes diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the performance of HbA1c as a screening test for diabetes and pre-diabetes in a Tunisian population.


:  Between January and April 2000, the cyprinid fishes Zacco platypus and Squalidus chankaensis in Uji River, Kyoto Prefecture showed inactive swimming and hemorrhages on the fins, skin and eyes. No bacterial or viral agents seemed involved in the disease outbreak; however, numerous metacercariae of unidentified trematodes of the family Bucephalidae were found encysted in the fins, skin, musculature and eyes of diseased fish, suggesting these parasitic infections were the etiological agents. The metacercariae comprised two species, designated here as Metacercaria A and Metacercaria B. It is assumed that the infection started with an accidental introduction of infected first intermediate hosts, the freshwater mussel, Limnoperna fortunei, into Uji River, and that Z. platypus and S. chankaensis served as the second intermediate hosts, and the sheatfish Silurus biwaensis as the final host to complete their life cycles. This is the first case of bucephalid infections of freshwater fishes in Japan. The Yodo River system, including Uji River, is the only area in Japan where the bucephalid infections have so far been confirmed. Comments are made on the possible danger of translocation of even a single infected first, second or final host from Uji River to Lake Biwa or other water systems.


Land cover dynamic has to be taken into account to analyze changes in water resources, especially in vulnerable environment such as the Bani catchment in Mali. To study the land cover changes, we used NDVI AVHRR time series (1982-2006, 8 km spatial resolution), and monthly rainfall data from 65 stations. To interpret the NDVI trends in terms of land cover changes, we had to eliminate the inter-annual rainfall variability. We used the concept of the Rain Use Efficiency (RUE) which is the ratio between NDVI (a proxy of the Net Primary Production) and precipitation. RUE and rainfall were calculated and modeled on a 0.5° × 0.5° grid scale. For each cell we normalized the evolution of the RUE through time (RUE_cor), and calculated its trend over the 25 years period. The results indicate that RUE_cor is stable or in light increase for most of the grid cells. In areas where water is not a limiting factor of NPP, this trend is positively correlated to the fraction of cropped area changes, as determined from a couple of Landsat images acquired during a similar period. However, RUE is a complex concept and further investigations are needed to consolidate our results and conclusions.


The Nazis and generals are hopeless cases and will not be influenced by the nature of the peace. Many workers who gained rewards under Nazism may also identify their welfare with that of the Nazis, but a labor-socialist government could win the support of a majority and minimize post-war resentment of defeat. National pride is more important to the middle classes. They should not be offered aid with dishonor. Punishment and sacrifices should be immediate but not long-drawn-out. If decent Germans understand the moral debt contracted by the Nazis they will strive to atone, but the suggestion must come from neutral agencies (the churches) rather than from the victors. Through suffering, Germany may gravitate toward democracy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)


Studies by Earl Sutherland and his colleagues on hormonal regulation of the breakdown of glycogen in liver resulted in the discovery that the first step in the action of many hormones is to increase the synthesis of cAMP by activating adenylate cyclase (Raft et al 1957, Sutherland & Rall 1958, Robison et al 1968). It was later established that cAMP exerts its effects by stimulating protein kinases that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific functional proteins and thereby regulate their activity (Walsh et al 1968, Kuo & Greengard 1969, Krebs & Beavo 1979). The discovery that the brain contains a high concentration of cAMP-dependent protein kinase led to the proposal that protein phosphorylation might play an important role in regulation of neuronal properties by neurotransmitters and neurohormones (Miyamoto et al 1969). In particular, it seemed that protein phosphorylation, which usually takes place on a time scale of hundreds of milliseconds or longer, might be a mechanism underlying relatively long-lasting changes in neuronal properties such as "slow" changes in post-synaptic potentials (McAfee & Greengard 1972), changes in the rate of transmitter synthesis (Morgenroth et al 1975), or changes in gene expression (Klein & Berg 1970). The biochemists and neurobiologists who took up the study of brain protein phosphorylation hoped to gain insight into some of the mechanisms underlying changes in neuronal excitability and synaptic efficacy and also, perhaps, into processes that govern the development of various neuronal types during the formation of the nervous system. This line of research was bolstered by the findings that the brain contains not only high concentrations of protein kinases, but also protein phosphatases, adenylate cyclase, and phosphodiesterase (Greengard 1976), and also by the discovery that several neurotransmitters stimulate the synthesis of second messengers such as cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP by binding to specific receptors on the surfaces of neurons (for reviews see Nathanson 1977, Greengard 1981).


Food management in hospital where hygiene and sanitarian become basic principles in nutrition installation and support patients healing process. The research aims to determine the correlation between knowledge of food handlers and the behavior of food handlers in nutrition installation of RSUD dr. Soeselo Slawi. This quantitative research uses a cross sectional approach. The research subjects were food handlers in the Nutrition Installation of RSUD dr. Soeselo Slawi with total 23 people. The bivariate analysis used in the study was the Rank Spearman test. The results of the study indicate that knowledge of food handlers in RSUD dr. Soeselo Slawi appertain to good 60,9% and good hygiene behavior 39,1%. The age characteristics of food handlers are mostly 40-49 years old with total 11 people, female 19 people, majority education level of high school or SMK 14 people, and length of work >10 years 16 people. the results of the Spearman rank test, p value 0,510 was obtained. because p value >0,05; then H0 accepted, meaning there are no correlation between knowledge with hygiene behavior of food handler in nutrition installation at RSUD dr. soeselo slawi.
Keywords : Knowledge, hygiene behavior, food handler, nutrition installation.


The formation and structures of halogen-bonded solvates of three different tetrahaloethynyl cavitands with acetone, chloroform, acetonitrile, DMF and DMSO were prepared and investigated. The inclusion and host–guest behaviour of the resorcinarene cavitands was found to be highly dependent on the flexibility of the ethylene-bridging unit.


Abstract The work clarified directly measured modulated laser with dual drive measured Mach–Zehnder modulators for signal strength in free space optics (FSO) channel. Peak power after free space communication channel at various propagation distances is measured in the optical time domain. As well as the signal level amplitude quality and data error rates after light detector at various propagation distances are also measured in the time bit period. The directly measured modulated laser with dual drive measured Mach–Zehnder modulators for signal strength in FSO communication channels is stimulated with optisystem program version 13. Peak signal power after free space communication channel at various propagation distances is measured in the optical time domain. The optimum peak signal power is achieved at 10 km distance with a value of 4.328 W. The signal level amplitude quality and data error rates after light detector at various propagation distances are also measured in the time bit period. The optimum Q level and BER level are clarified at 10 km distance with the values of 23.1164 for signal quality and 1.439 × 10−118 for minimum data error rates.


To discern general tendency in relatively pure even-aged pine stands, to group the stands and to perceive neighbourhood effects a total of 39 sites of pine stand was surveyed from nearby Seoul (12 sites), Chunsung, Kangwon (13 sites) and Sosan, Chungnam (14 sites), for herb and shrub species 32, 19; 37, 19 and 41, 14 in the respective areas from September 1987 to July 1988. In terms of detrended correspondence analysis (DECORANA), the stands were subjected to ordinate with 16 physical variables and the vegetational variables. The resource ratio (N:P, N:K, P:K) as physical variables also was tried out in the DECORANA as well as independent variable (N.P.K). The outcome did not show any meaningful difference. It is suggested that there seems to be no apparent interaction among the elements in the study. Three vertical vegetation componeent, that is, tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer were subjccted to DECORANA independently, pairwisely and as a whole (a total 7 combinations). Of those analysis herb layer trial alone seems to indicate relatively clearer differences among the physical variables. In the stands nearby Seoul first axis indicated soil field capacity and exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Na) and second axis did not show any tendency. For the Chunsung stands first axis also revealed soil field capcity and amount of arganic matter and second axis showed amount of exchangeable cation (K, Ca and Na), In the Seosan 1st axis indicated pH and exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Na). For the 39 sites 4 clusters in terms of herb layer might be defined: Peucedanum terebinthaceum-Cymbopogon tortilis-Polygala japonica-Festuca ovina (1); Atractylodes japonica-Patrina scabiosaefolia (2); Potentilla fragarioides-Atractylodes (3); and Cymbopogon tortilis (4). In the neighbourhood effects study in terms of the basal area distribution, Thiessen polygon area and Gini coefficient for the Pinus thunbergii stands of Seosan the Thiessen polygon area approach seems to indicate earlier (30 years old) neighbourhood effect than the


Mathematicians are finding a new vocabulary useful in bridging the gap between institutional data, which are difficult to measure, and social interactions, which are difficult to compute.


The invention relates to a tester of thermal protection of a fabric system. The tester which comprises a thermal exposure simulation case, a water pump, a skin temperature simulation datum acquisition system and a temperature and humidity datum acquisition system is characterized in that: a basal case with heating tubes provided therein is arranged under the thermal exposure simulation case; the outside of the thermal exposure simulation case is provided with a housing, and the top of the thermal exposure simulation case is provided with a sensor pedestal; a skin simulation sensor which is connected with the skin simulation temperature datum acquisition system is arranged in the sensor pedestal; the lower surface of the skin simulation sensor is provided with a capillary outlet pipe network; the capillary outlet pipe network is connected with the water pump by a water tube, wherein the water pump is connected with a constant temperature water bath; an comfortable layer attached fabricsystem thermal insulation layer, a waterproof ventilating layer, and an outer layer which are sequentially superposed are fixed under the capillary outlet pipe network by fabric clamping devices; a space block is arranged between the fabric clamping devices and the capillary outlet pipe network; a thermal insulation board is arranged under the outer layer; and temperature sensors and humidity sensors which are connected with the temperature and humidity datum acquisition system are arranged at appropriate positions. The tester of the invention allows thermal protection assessment to be carried out in the condition of continuous wetting.


This paper objectives to conduct an analysis of the academic evasion phenomenon among undergraduate students of FACE-UFG, an Academic Unit of the Universidade Federal de Goias. Different from other analysis on the phenomenon, this article, attempting an academic dropout before it occurs, identifying the profile of students most likely to abandon the course. For this, questionnaires were applied to students enrolled in the courses of Administration, Accounting and Economics. The estimation of a probability model shows that, in addition to being very different from each other, the students of the three courses are affected in different ways by these profiles when it comes to solving. The models most related to the form of choice, with the pressure or influence of parents, academic performance, as well as insecurity with the future labor market, are more relevant to explain the student's desire to leave the course then social and demographic characteristics. Based on these results, a series of broad lines of action are proposed to try to reduce the problems of academic avoidance and mitigate its impacts on students


This study aims to develop an android-based learning class XI mathematics learning media to support the mathematics learning process both online and face-to-face.  This research type was Research and Development (R&D). The steps of the development procedure including: the design stage, the production stage, and the evaluation stage.  The subjects in this study were validated in the early stages by experts (design experts, media experts, and subject matter expert).  Then proceed with individual-scale product trials, small group-scale trials and field trials.  Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire.  Questionnaires are used to obtain information and data to measure the feasibility of the resulting product.  Based on the assessments made by experts, the average percentages were: design experts (79.17), media experts (80.09), subject matter experts (82.09).  So, from the overall average value, it can be concluded that on the validation the experts get the eligibility criteria "Good".  Based on the results of field trials, the percentages obtained are: individual scale (82.33) small scale (82.44), large scale (82.91).  So, it can be concluded that the overall average value of the percentage of field trials on the respondents obtained the eligibility criteria of "Very Good".  In other words, the media developed in this study was considered feasible and very good for use in learning mathematics.


The survey indicates: the city villagers in central china are lack of enthusiasm in community affair; they seldom receive community service; when in trouble, they generally fall back onto their primary groups; they are still outside of the social security networks; an effective community sanitation service system has not yet completely established; they generally dissatisfied with the environment and public security of their community; they seldom communicate with the neighbors.


Introduction 1. The Bush Doctrine and the North Korean Nuclear Crisis 2. The Bush Nuclear Doctrine in Asia 3. Talking American, Acting Taiwanese 4. The Bush Doctrine: Chinese Perspectives and Responses 5. The Bush Doctrine, Russia and Korea 6. The Bush Doctrine: Japan 7. The Bush Doctrine: Australia 8. The Bush Doctrine: The Dangers of American Exceptionalism in a Revolutionary Age 9. The Bush Doctrine and Asian Regional Order 10. The North Korean Nuclear Crisis Conclusion


The corrosion inhibition and adsorption process of D Tryptophan (DT)on mild steel in 2 HCl was studied by means of chemical (weight loss), electrochemical and quantum chemical techniques. The inhibition efficiency increases with decreasing temperature and increasing concentration of inhibitor. It has been determined that the adsorption of DT on mild steel obeys the Temkin adsorption isotherm at all studied temperatures with negative values of ∆G o ads, suggesting a stable and a spontaneous inhibition process. In potentiodynamic polarization, the curves shifted towards lower current density in the presence of the DT with well-defined Tafel regions suggesting that the inhibitor retard the corrosion process without changing the mechanism of the corrosion process; and exhibit cathodic and anodic polarization (mixed type inhibitor) because the change in Ecorr is less than 85 vM/SCE with respect to the blank. Corrosion current density was calculated by extrapolation of the linear parts of these curves to the corresponding corrosion potential; and corrosion potential (Ecorr), corrosion current densities (icorr), anodic Tafel slope (βa), cathodicTafel slope (βb) were determined with maximum value of inhibition efficiency for 5 x 10 -4 M concentration of the inhibitor at 303 K was 78.4%. From Nyquist plot of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, values of polarization resistance (Rp) increased with increasing inhibitor concentration whereas double layer capacitance (Cdl) decreased indicating a decrease in local dielectric constant or an increase in thickness of electric double layer suggesting that the inhibitor function by forming a protective layer at the metal surface. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the help of complete geometry optimization for theoretical calculations of EHOMO, ELUMO, and energy gap (∆E). Inhibition efficiency increases with increasing EHOMO indicating that the molecule has tendency to donate electrons to the mild steel with low energy empty molecular orbital; whereas low value of ELUMO suggests that the molecule easily accepts electrons from mild steel. © 2015 Elixir All rights reserved. ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received: 28 May 2015; Received in revised form: 20 August 2015; Accepted: 8 September 2015;


Community-based Question Answering (CQA) services are becoming popular as the public gets used to look for help and obtain information. Existing CQA services try to recommend someone for answering new questions. On the other hand, people are allowed to exchange information and experience using various collaborative tools. It would be interesting to combine the two approaches to increase the reliability of recommending an answerer. Thus, relying on semantically modeled traces, we propose a comprehensive approach that recommends an answerer in a collaborative environment. From a global point of view, this approach consists in evaluating users by the performance in the CQA services and the corresponding knowledge sharing activities in which they participated in a collaborative context. By modeling and analyzing users' behavior, we assess the competency of an answerer in a particular collaborative context.


Since its finding in AD 1939, Karder's Inscription of the Ka'be-ye Zardost has been subjected to linguistic studies by many scholars, and ever since remarkable progress has been attained. Still, however, some difficulties remain to be solved. My paper, written for the purpose of some contributions in this field, is composed of three parts: 1. The text (in transcription) with its Japanese translation; 2. Syntactic and semantical studies; and 3. Notes. That the translation by me is somewhat different from those thus far published, may be evident from the following passages:1.1: 'And I will proclaim (HWYTNn=*niwehan), (I) Karder the mowbed, of loyal service and of loyal will toward the gods and Shabuhr, King of Kings. And made me Shabuhr, King of Kings, for that service which I had rendered to the gods and Shabuhr, King of Kings, —may you (or man) tell (HWYTNt=*niwehed) (to the people)! —absolute and authoritative within the Magian community in (matters of) the rites of the gods at court and province after province, place after place in the whole realm.' (, 'P-m…ZK-m corresponds to Pahlavi, 'P-m…'-m [=a-m]. The like ZK-m is attested in 11. 2, 8, 13. That the ZK-m was most probably pronounced a-m, not an-am, can be made certain from ZK-n (SKZ, MP., 1. 21) that can be regarded as representing a-n, the n of ZK-n being added to prevent the only ZK from its being interpreted as an 'he; that'. And once the writing ZK-n thus established for a-n, it is quite natural that the ZK- should be taken for a-; hence in my opinion ZK-m stands for a-m.)Present indicative passive 3rd person singular: YTYBWNd=nisayd 'it is founded' (11. 2, 10, 14), HTYMWNd=awisid 'it is sealed' (11. 2, 7), , 'BYDWNd=kirid 'it is made' (1. 8, to be identified with kylyty, kylyt, klyty).1. 13: ahlomog…|ke…|ne|pad wizar pahrist 'the heretic who is not found on the nomination-list', where wizar 'separation'> 'list on which only the names of approved mow are inscribed, those of heretic being expunged'.For further details, see my paper 'Some Remarks on Karder's Inscription of the Ka'be-ye Zardost' to be published in Orient, Vol. XVII, 1981.


Robot navigation has been a hot topic in the area of mobile robot. A lot of research has been undergone ranging from noble algorithms to applications. Fisheye image has wide angle View and it is easy to obtain the position of the object and keep it in vision within large scale, so it is an important research domain in robot navigation. However it has a disadvantage that the image obtained from fisheye has severe distortions which improve the difficulties in object detection. In this paper we combine the fisheye image and the image of the popular lens for the robot navigation based on the artificial landmark. To improve the speed we still design a continually changing window for the robust landmark tracking. Experiment shows that this hybrid method can recognize and track the landmark robustly and implement robot navigation in room environment effectively.


The museums of central Italy shelter a remarkable collection of reliefs and fragments of reliefs decorated with gladiatorial combats; further pieces are built into the walls of churches and other buildings. Some, such as the friezes from the tomb of C. Lusius Storax at Teate Marrucinorum (Chieti) or the large relief panel from near Pompeii's Porta Stabia, are well-preserved and well-known; but the majority are fragmentary, some showing no more than a pair of legs or part of a worn figure. M. Flecker's book, based on an Augsburg dissertation of 2008/9 directed by V. Kockel, sets out to collect and analyse these pieces and to set them in their historical and art-historical contexts. As with many dissertations, the core of the work is a catalogue (chapt. IX, section A), which lists and describes 79 reliefs. Almost all are illustrated, often with excellent photographs from the collection of the DAI Rome; and Flecker has examined a large number of them in person. They include the spectacular blocks from a frieze with nearly-lifesize gladiators recovered from robbers at Fiano Romano and displayed in the museum at Lucus Feroniae, north of Rome (A 34); only preliminary publications of this important discovery have been published to date,1 and it is very welcome that Flecker has been authorised to describe and to illustrate the reliefs fully, even if other elements are not yet published (notably the fragments of an accompanying inscription and a togatus statue). For each entry Flecker gives an oftenextensive bibliography and a detailed description, which concentrates on the categories of gladiator depicted, their equipment and arms, and the iconographic scheme followed. Very few of the reliefs can be dated on an epigraphic basis; these include some atypical examples dating from the 2nd c. A.D., later than the main period covered here. For the rest, Flecker proposes dates based primarily on the Realien (especially the equipment and arms of the gladiators) and on his conception of the overall development of gladiatorial combat, both being discussed in the first part of the book; he concludes that the main period of production falls in the 1st c. B.C. and A.D., with concentration especially in the Caesarian and early to mid-Augustan periods (cf. chart on 180). The majority come from central Italy as far south as Paestum, with a few outliers; only a small number were found in Rome.2


It is questionable whether elective appendicectomy can effectively reduce persistent or recurrent right lower‐quadrant abdominal pain due to chronic or recurrent appendicitis.


The utility model relates to a device for printing a label without backing paper, which comprises a printing head (4), and also comprises a rubber bearing (3) which is mounted beside the printing head (4); the surface of the rubber bearing (3) is provided with grooves (301) at interval. The utility model has the following advantages: by adopting a piece of label paper without the backing paper, an original device for recycling the backing paper is saved, so that not only the cost is saved, but also the space occupied by the structure is effectively saved.


The inter-organizational systems (IOS) are considered to be the most important instrument that can link manufacturers and suppliers in the supply chain. When the Internet expands, the role of IOS moves from being merely an operational tool to becoming a collaborative commercial instrument, thus, to improve the integrate effectiveness of the supply chain. This study emphasizes two major dimensions: transaction and partnership, as the main factors which affect IOS integration in manufacturer-supplier dyads.Based on a survey of Taiwanese electronics firms, the empirical results show that there are five factors positively affecting the IOS integration, including the complexity of components, component criticality, trust, supplier dependence and supplier investments. The variables of market variability have negative effects on the IOS integration. In this study, partnership characteristics are more important than transaction ones. Keeping collaborative relationship will improve the depth of IOS integration.


Abstract This article aims to rethink the concept of unpredictability – one that natural law theoreticians such as Thomas Hobbes have in the past read through negative connotations of suspiciousness, uncertainty, contingency or anti-orderliness - through the lens of art and LGBTQI+ activism. Instead of demanding more certainty, security and authoritarianism in an era when we are confronted with radical uncertainties, this article aims to explore the potentialities of unpredictable activism; more specifically, it explores the unpredictable actions that Turkey-based LGBTI & Queer activists have staged in response to various attacks in the past few years. In so doing, it reads the concept of unpredictability in a positive way, and unveils its potential in the realm of political activism.


The article deals with linguistic and linguistic-culturological aspects of euphemisms. It reveals different points of view on the variants, meanings and definition of the term "euphemism". Moreover, the article indicates the main functional types and spheres of usage of the above mentioned phenomenon in speech communication.


The invention discloses a surface peeling and rob brushing device for an aluminum rod. The device comprises a brush roller which is parallel to the aluminum rod, wherein a roller shaft of the brush roller is arranged on a turntable; a feeding hole is formed in the turntable; the surface of the brush roller is provided with bristles; the device also comprises an air-blowing device at the front end of the brush roller; the air-blowing device comprises a rotating base and an annular jet head; a discharge opening is formed in the rotating base; an air cavity is formed in the annular jet head; and the air cavity is communicated with outside through an air duct which is obliquely arranged. According to the device, the pipe diameter of a flat pipe can be rapidly shrunk, and the whole coiled flat pipe is subjected to continuous reducing treatment. According to the device, an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum rod is removed, dust residue is avoided, the pollution is avoided, the peeling efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.


According to the current unfavorable situation of an online supermarket,which often has poor forecast of demand,and fail to take good advantage of its history sales data.Besides,the current system cannot give optimal ordering supports dynamically,a time series method based on the company's existing history data is used to help predict demand,and the effect of retail price to the demand is also involved.By test and verification,we find that the forecast deviation can be controlled below 10%using this method.Then,in order to give optimal ordering strategy of every product and balance service level with inventory level,a revised practice-based(s,S)policy regardless of cost is built to optimize the company's purchasing system.Through practical running results with real data,a raise of 10%-15%of the purchasing efficiency is obtained compared to the current purchasing method.