In this paper, we analyze the I/Q imbalances effects at the WiBro uplimk when using direct-conversion RF transceiver. If I/Q imbalance exists, the transmit signal is spread over two sbcarriers. As a result, phenomenon of performance reducing is produced. Contrary to OFDM system in which one user uses all subcarrier, symmetrical two subcarriers are assigned other users in OFDMA system. I/Q imbalances elements can't be estimated such a conventional allocation method of tiles in subchannel and compensated. In order to solve the problem, We propose a new method in order that symmetrical two subcarriers are assigned one user. If novel method is applied, we can estimate I/Q imbalances and compensate distortion received signal. As a result, we can obtain a performance similar performance when I/Q imbalances is not existed. Also, if proper detection methods are used, we get the effect of performance improvement, because of diversity gain what is happened due to combining I/Q imbalances with multi path fading channel.


EUV lithography is expected to be inserted for the 32/22 nm nodes with possible extension below. EUV resist availability remains one of the main issues to be resolved. There is an urgent need to provide suitable tools to accelerate resist development and to achieve resolution, LER and sensitivity specifications simultaneously. An interferometer lithography tool offers advantages regarding conventional EUV exposure tool. It allows the evaluation of resists, free from the deficiencies of optics and mask which are limiting the achieved resolution. Traditionally, a dedicated beam line from a synchrotron, with limited access, is used as a light source in EUV interference lithography. This paper identifies the technology locks to develop a stand alone EUV interferometer using a compact EUV source. It will describe the theoretical solutions adopted and especially look at the feasibility according to available technologies. EUV sources available on the market have been evaluated in terms of power level, source size, spatial coherency, dose uniformity, accuracy, stability and reproducibility. According to the EUV source characteristics, several optic designs were studied (simple or double gratings). For each of these solutions, the source and collimation optic specifications have been determined. To reduce the exposure time, a new grating technology will also be presented allowing to significantly increasing the transmission system efficiency. The optical grating designs were studied to allow multi-pitch resolution print on the same exposure without any focus adjustment. Finally micro mechanical system supporting the gratings was studied integrating the issues due to vacuum environment, alignment capability, motion precision, automation and metrology to ensure the needed placement control between gratings and wafer. A similar study was carried out for the collimation-optics mechanical support which depends on the source characteristics.


We study the excitation of density and bending waves and the associated angular momentum transfer in gaseous discs with finite thickness by a rotating external potential. The disc is assumed to be isothermal in the vertical direction and has no self-gravity. The disc perturbations are decomposed into different modes, each characterized by the azimuthal index m and the vertical index n, which specifies the nodal number of the density perturbation along the disc normal direction. The n= 0 modes correspond to the two-dimensional density waves previously studied by Goldreich & Tremaine and others. In a three-dimensional disc, waves can be excited at both Lindblad resonances (LRs; for modes with n= 0, 1, 2, …) and vertical resonances (VRs; for the n≥ 1 modes only). The torque on the disc is positive for waves excited at outer Lindblad/vertical resonances and negative at inner Lindblad/vertical resonances. While the n= 0 modes are evanescent around corotation, the n≥ 1 modes can propagate into the corotation region where they are damped and deposit their angular momenta. We have derived analytical expressions for the amplitudes of different wave modes excited at LRs and/or VRs and the resulting torques on the disc. It is found that for n≥ 1, angular momentum transfer through VRs is much more efficient than LRs. This implies that in some situations (e.g. a circumstellar disc perturbed by a planet in an inclined orbit), VRs may be an important channel of angular momentum transfer between the disc and the external potential. We have also derived new formulae for the angular momentum deposition at corotation and studied wave excitations at disc boundaries.


Abstract. Proper estimation of the number of endmembers is imperative for proper and accurate spectral unmixing of hyperspectral image. The presence of noise and perturbation poses a challenge in estimation and leads to underestimation or overestimation of the number of endmembers. We propose a noise invariant tensor-based rank estimation approach, which avoids reshaping of the data. We perform a noise-robust PARAFAC tensor decomposition using a generalized low-rank factorization in the initial stage and record the core consistency and reconstruction error for a different number of components. In the next stage, we identify the lower and upper bounds of the number of components. Next, we propose a cost function containing both core consistency value and reconstruction error and identify the number of components from the minima of the cost function. The proposed estimation approach is effective for high, mid, and low signal to the noise level. We analyze the performance of the proposed estimation approach on several synthetic as well as real image experiments and verify the proficiency of our proposed estimation even at higher levels of noise.


The current trends in the offshore oil and gas industry are to explore and develop resources in increasingly deeper areas, whilst reducing the basic costs involved. The oil and gas industry is often seen as a fertile market by pushing and pulling the use of technology and by creating opportunities for engineers to develop new and innovative techniques to solve long-standing problems, whilst improving efficiency and costs. Acoustic and non-acoustic technologies, for positioning and tracking underwater, are available now but their adoption may be slow. Some examples of recent innovative solutions for the long term wide area coverage of underwater positioning are provided to promote comment and discussion.


With the vigorous development of tourism and urban tourism competition increasingly fierce,the city tourism image design has become a tourist destination of life. The implementation of urban tourism image planning,the city tourism image positioning and image design research has practical significance. Paper through to the zhuhai city tourism image positioning and image design discusses and analyzes the related theory,puts forward the positioning of zhuhai city image design and the research train of thought,aiming at the zhuhai city tourism image design and zhuhai city tourism development to provide some reference.


For much of the history of the philosophy of religion it was generally accepted that God existed outside of time. Recently, however, many theologians have challenged the classical position that God exists outside of time and have instead argued for a temporal God. I argue that the concept of a temporal God is theologically and philosophically problematic, and in opposition to our best science. I first argue that a timeless existence is superior to that of a temporal existence, and that God as the most perfect being must therefore exist timelessly. I then argue a common objection raised against the idea of a timeless God, namely, the argument that a timeless God cannot relate to a temporal creation, is misguided and dependent on a scientifically dubious conception of time. I conclude by arguing that if one is to hold to the idea of a temporal God one must admit that God either had no reason to create when God chose to create or that God and creation have existed together co-eternally, and that this is problematic for the defender of divine temporality. I therefore conclude that a God that exists outside of time is superior both theologically/philosophically and better in line with our best scientific understanding of the world. It is currently in vogue in theological circles to defend the position that God is "within" time, that is, that God experiences time in some manner that is similar to the way that you and I experience time. I refer to this position as divine temporality. Throughout this paper I use the arguments of William Lane Craig to represent the divine temporality position. Using Craig as the mouthpiece for divine temporality is


Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. (JPOWER) started SOFC development in collaboration with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. in 1991. When development of a pressurized SOFC 10 kW module was completed, radical improvement of the modular structure was performed, aiming for further improvement in reliability and lower cost. It has been checked that there is no technical problem in the new structure of SOFC module. We plan to examine several prototype 100 kW-class atmospheric SOFC co-generation systems (SOFIT) from 2006 to verify the SOFC system using the new structure module, and the reliability of more than 10,000 hours operation at JPOWER's Chigasaki laboratory.


The forced vibration of a sandwich beam integrating a shear thickening fluid (STF) core and with conductive skins subjected to a periodic excitation was investigated theoretically in this study. The rheological properties of the STF material including viscosity, plasticity, and elasticity may be changed under the periodic vibration, and hence they were considered. The governing equation of motion was derived based on the complex stiffness method and some key parameters were derived based on the Timoshenko beam theory. Effects of the excitation frequency, the excitation amplitude, the excitation location, and the skin/core thickness ratio on the nature frequency of the sandwich beam were investigated. It was found that the STF core has a significant effect on the dynamic property of the sandwich beam. Based on the findings, integrating the STF core in a sandwich beam can reduce the vibration of the beam.


The transformation of agricultural increasing model is recognized to have much contribution to regional economic development. Thus, to a certain region and in a certain period, how to establish an appropriate increasing mode has great significance. In this paper, the basic framework for evaluating the transformation of agricultural increasing mode in a region is proposed, which includes 25 evaluating factors. The empirical study from Wuzhou City shows that the agricultural increasing mode at present in Wuzhou City is still at a preliminary stage. Afterwards, the main reasons resulting in the current mode in Wuzhou City are discussed as follows: Firstly, the expenses on RD and the professionals of agricultural technology are few, so contribution rate of agricultural technological progress is low; Secondly, though the agricultural output value and products have increased, the level of agricultural income is still relatively low; Thirdly, agri-ecological problems such as land and water loss, environmental pollution is growing serious. Accordingly, to cope with the above problems, it is argued measures as adding the fund of RD, strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure, improving environment by reasonable fertilizer using and arable land protection, accelerating agricultural industrialization, should be carried out. Finally, it is suggested rules and regulations on sustainable land management should be launched out.


The results of a study of the influence of turbulent flame propagation velocity and the width of the zone of chemical reactions of the flame in the second phase of combustion on the indicator characteristics of the engine (power, specific fuel consumption, and efficiency) are presented. The object of the study was a single-cylinder, four-stroke piston internal combustion engine with spark ignition. When analyzing the research results, analytical and graphical dependencies of the indicator characteristics of the engine on the turbulent flame speed and flame thickness are obtained. It was found that the indicator power of the engine increases linearly with increasing flame speed and decreasing flame thickness in the second phase of combustion. Experiments have shown that with an increase the flame speed from 12.5 to 17.4 m/s and a decrease the flame thickness from 23 to 17 mm, the indicator power increased by 29%. This is because with these characteristics of flame propagation, an increase pressure in the combustion chamber of the engine from 1.9 to 3.7 MPa. As a result, the average indicator pressure, the indicator operation of the cycle and, therefore, the indicator power increase. It is shown that in order to reduce indicator specific fuel consumption by 10% and increase indicator engine efficiency by 10%, it is necessary to intensify the combustion process of poor fuel-air mixture (α>1.3), i.e. increase turbulent flame speed by 38% and decrease flame thickness by 26%. Since the intensification of the combustion process of poor mixtures leads to an increase in heat release, average indicator pressure and completeness of fuel combustion.


This paper presents the design, fabrication and tests of a miniature 1 × 2 mechanical type optical switch, whose components are fabricated by precision machining and MEMS technologies. The packaging and alignment are integral processes utilizing the CCD image processing technique and PZT-stages controlled technique in association with the optimization software enabling the fiber-to-fiber alignment to low optical loss requirement. Optical fibers in use have the following specifications: single-mode fiber (SMF) outer diameter 125 µm, core diameter 9 µm, zero degree of the fiber tip angle and non-anti-reflection coating. The initial gap of the input and output fibers is 10 µm. First, we produced a fiber holder and a V-groove by MEMS technology and used a relay as the input fiber switching actuator. Through proper mechanism design, the fiber positioning error can be reduced to below 0.1 µm. After the optimized alignment process, the results presented that the insertion loss could be controlled to ch1: 0.8 dB, ch2: 1.4 dB at a switching time of 5 ms. The reliability tests demonstrated that the variation of the insertion losses are ch1: 0.04 dB, ch2: 0.02 dB after 10 000 cycle times, and ch1: 0.024 dB, ch2: 0.006 dB throughout 100 switch times after 1 000 000 cycle times. The developed 1 × 2 optical switch largely reduces the physical size to 1/2–1/3 in comparison with traditional mechanical optical switches, and the cost is only about 1/10–1/20 of the MEMS type optical switches. The advantages of this innovative optical switch are: small size (only about 20 × 16 × 7.5 mm3), low cost (only about US$10), high reliability, cross-talk ≦ −80 dB and automatic alignment.


A thin liquid crystal (LC) lens of 2.0 mm aperture diameter and less than 1 mm thickness is realized by placing a highly resistive film in an LC cell. Two LC layers of 30 µm thickness are used to achieve a lens power ranging from approximately -6.5 to 6.7 m-1. The cell is driven by two voltages under 40 Vrms.


The effects of high environmental carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) on buffering status, pH, haematocrit, red blood cell (RBC) count, mean corpuscle volume (MCV), and chloride (Cl–) distribution in the blood of young salmon were investigated after 30 min and 24 h. An increase in blood buffering capacity was observed after 24 h. As compared to the preacclimation situation, haematocrit, RBC, MCV and Cl– content of the erythrocytes increased after 30 min but decreased if hypercapnia was sustained for 24 h. However the plasma bicarbonate (HCO3) content increased over the whole experimental period. Plasma Cl– content was decreased after 24 h, but the ratio of Cl– between erythrocytes and plasma increased at the onset of hypercapnia, then remained unchanged during the rest of the investigation period.


In order to create a motor vehicle (100) with an alternative design is provided: - A first roof pillar (40), - A symmetrical to the latter and a vehicle longitudinal center plane (F) second roof pillar (45), - One of the latter against a vehicle longitudinal direction (L) of the spaced third roof pillar (50), - A to the latter and the vehicle longitudinal center plane (F) is considered symmetrical fourth roof pillar (55), - One of these, and contrary to the vehicle longitudinal direction (L) of the spaced fifth roof pillar (60), - A symmetrical to the latter and a vehicle longitudinal center plane (F) sixth roof pillar (65), - Wherein at least a number of roof pillars (40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65) in the roof (25) of the motor vehicle (100) in the longitudinal direction (L) through the roof frame (70, 75) and in the vehicle transverse direction (Q) through the roof hoop (80, 85, 90) are connected together, having a between third roof pillar (50) and fourth roof pillar (55) befindlicher first roof bow (140), looking at a, from outside of the vehicle (A) toward the vehicle inner side (I), in the vehicle longitudinal direction (L) back cracked first Dachspriegelabschnitt (145) - . having a between fifth roof pillar (60) and sixth roof pillar (65) befindlicher second roof bow (150) viewed in the vehicle longitudinal direction (L) vorgesprungenen second Dachspriegelabschnitt (150) a, from the outside of the vehicle (A) toward the vehicle inner side (I) - , and - A first between Dachspriegelabschnitt (145) and second Dachspriegelabschnitt (155) in the longitudinal direction (L) extending roof frame section (160).


This paper provided an overview that the city should be designed from the functional, connectivity, accessibility and other aspects of the city considering the current situation of obsolete facility and out of order around the Shanghai West Railway Station. It emphasized that the resources of Shanghai West Railway Station's Zhenru area shall be integrated while the Zhenru center of Shanghai in Caoyang-street and the railway cargo terminal should be built. It proposed that the city should put emphasize on the development of modern logistics industry along with the construction of business office area, large-scale logistics enterprises gather, hotel service area and low density of cultural facilities.


We describe the construction and commissioning of FIRE, a new 0.8-2.5μm echelle spectrometer for the Magellan/ Baade 6.5 meter telescope. FIRE delivers continuous spectra over its full bandpass with nominal spectral resolution R = 6000. Additionally it offers a longslit mode dispersed by the prisms alone, covering the full z to K bands at R ~ 350. FIRE was installed at Magellan in March 2010 and is now performing shared-risk science observations. It is delivering sharp image quality and its throughput is sufficient to allow early observations of high redshift quasars and faint brown dwarfs. This paper outlines several of the new or unique design choices we employed in FIRE's construction, as well as early returns from its on-sky performance.


Wavy structure and fabrication and methods of use thereof. Wavy structure, and distortion sheet comprises one or more work input elements for deforming the strain sheet corrugated fashion, and each of a series of points on the wave shape distortion sheet, at least in part moves along the 8-shaped shape path. Corrugated structure is suitable for use as solid-state transducers, strain sheets, because they provide mechanical advantage without major resistance of the elastic restoring force, force, displacement, and characteristics of the efficiency is improved.


This is a user manual of BGS GISGroundwater that produces the depth to groundwater beneath the land surface. BGS GISGroundwater uses standard GIS datasets as inputs and implements data preparation, numerical modelling, post-processing and the visualisation of the modelled results all within the GIS environment. It allows non-modellers, such as scientists and students, to easily and efficiently build up groundwater flow models in ArcMap using GIS layers. For example, only few hours are needed to construct a numerical regional groundwater flow model using it with great flexibility. Therefore it is useful for carrying out preliminary groundwater flow modelling or evaluating hydrogeological conceptual models, before carrying out detailed costly groundwater modelling using one of traditional groundwater flow models.
This manual firstly introduces BGS GISGroundwater, and then explains its installation process and interface. The step-by-step tutorial materials are also provided to guide users to learn quickly how to use this tool.


Low HDL-cholesterol is an independent risk factor for coronary disease and its prevalence is high and increasing. Lifestyle interventions are recommended for all patients at risk of cardiovascular disease, but exercise has limited effects on HDL-cholesterol. Nicotinic acid is currently the most effective pharmacological agent available for increasing levels of HDL-cholesterol. The HDL Atherosclerosis Treatment study (HATS) showed that combining nicotinic acid with a statin improved HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, inhibited the progression of atherosclerosis, and reduced cardiovascular event rates in a high-risk population with established coronary heart disease. A prolonged-release formulation of nicotinic acid (Niaspan w ) has been developed that is as effective as the immediate-release version, but is better tolerated. The double-blind, randomized Arterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol (ARBITER 2) study, and its open-label follow-up study, ARBITER 3, showed that Niaspan shares the anti-atherogenic benefits of immediate-release nicotinic acid. The Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome with Low HDL-C/High Triglyceride and Impact on Global Health Outcomes (AIM-HIGH) study will define the potential of correcting low HDL-cholesterol to improve clinical outcomes in patients with well-controlled LDL-cholesterol. In summary, the current evidence base clearly shows that aggressive intervention to correct low HDL-cholesterol as well as high LDL-cholesterol is a proven strategy for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.


, 1555 (2009); 325  Science et al. Jihye Yun Pathway Mutations in Tumor Cells KRAS Glucose Deprivation Contributes to the Development of This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ):  December 14, 2013  www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5947/1555.full.html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2009/08/06/1174229.DC1.html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5947/1555.full.html#related found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5947/1555.full.html#ref-list-1 , 18 of which can be accessed free: cites 40 articles This article 8 article(s) on the ISI Web of Science cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5947/1555.full.html#related-urls 37 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/collection/medicine Medicine, Diseases subject collections: This article appears in the following


Background: Idiopathic clubfoot is one of the most common and complex congenital deformities which are difficult to correct.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness and results of the Ponseti method's early use in the treatment of idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV).
Materials and Methods: Seventy-six feet in 50 patients of CTEV during the period of May 2019–May 2020 were studied. All the cases were treated by Ponseti technique. Children with idiopathic CTEV and age <1 year were included in our study. The severity of deformity was graded according to Pirani scoring system both at the beginning and at the end of treatment.
Results: The mean age at presentation was 2.77 months. The mean initial Pirani score at time of presentation was 4.07, and at last follow-up was 0.13. We observed that 63 feet (82.89%) out of 76 feet required a percutaneous TA tenotomy along with plaster casting to correct the equines deformity. The mean total number of casts required to correct the deformity was 6.4. The mean duration of treatment from 1st plaster cast to cast for equinus correction was 8.4 weeks. About 94% of cases had a good outcome at last follow-up which was evaluated on the basis of Pirani score. The association of duration of treatment (weeks) with age and total number of cast with age has P=0.002 which was found to be significant.
Conclusion: The Ponseti technique is a very safe, efficient, and acceptable economical treatment for the correction of CTEV that gives excellent results on conservative treatment and in most of the cases avoid surgical intervention if protocol followed as prescribed. If the age of the patient is higher at time of presentation, it requires a longer casting period and more number of casts to correct the deformity compared to younger children with the early presentation.


We report on erbium (Er)-related electroluminescence (EL) in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) from metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices with Er-doped CeO2 (CeO2:Er) films on silicon. The onset voltage of such EL under either forward or reverse bias is smaller than 10 V. Moreover, the EL quenching can be avoidable for the CeO2:Er-based MOS devices. Analysis on the current-voltage characteristic of the device indicates that the electron transportation at the EL-enabling voltages under either forward or reverse bias is dominated by trap-assisted tunneling mechanism. Namely, electrons in n+-Si/ITO can tunnel into the conduction band of CeO2 host via defect states at sufficiently high forward/reverse bias voltages. Then, a fraction of such electrons are accelerated by electric field to become hot electrons, which impact-excite the Er3+ ions, thus leading to characteristic emissions. It is believed that this work has laid the foundation for developing viable silicon-based emitters using CeO2:Er films.


Through methods of questionnaires,on-the-spot investigations,literature reviews and rational analysis,this paper analyses the present status of the implementation of "The Syllabus of PE and Health" in rural elementary and middle schools in Guangxi.The research results have revealed that the insufficiency and uneven distribution of PE teaching staff,their limited ideology,integrated abilities and professional levels are the reasons that have affected the complete implementation of the Syllabus.The author also puts forward the corresponding reforming measures and proposals in answer to these problems and provides the basis for the reformation of PE and Health Syllabus in Guangxi.


Guinea pig papillary muscles were preincubated in the presence of 5 ± 10 9mol/L unlabeled noradrenaline or adrenaline then incubated with (3H)-noradrenaline and superfused. Electrical field stimulation with 180 pulses delivered at 1 or 3 Hz was used to induce overflow of radioactivity. Comparison of the effects of preexposure of the tissue to adrenaline or noradrenaline revealed that adrenaline incubation caused an enhancement of stimulation-evoked overflow of (3H)noradrenaline and reduction of the effect of exogenously added isoprenaline. Furthermore, the selective β2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118.551 (10 7mol/L), but not the selective β2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI I 89.551 (10 7mol/L), reduced electrically evolked overflow of (3H)noradrenaline in tissue preincubated with adrenaline but not in tissue presincubated with noradrenaline. The overflow-reducing effect of ICI 118.551 occurred at stimulation with 3 Hz but not at stimulation with 1 Hz. The present results support the hypothesis that noradrenergic transmission in guinea pig papillary muscle is facilitated via β2-adrenoceptors, and that adrenaline may serve as transmitter in this positive feedback mechanism after its incorporation into sympathetic nerves.


In this study, we surveyed school district superintendents in a southeastern state about their budget-building strategies. The majority of responding superintendents had worked with their most senior principals and business managers for less than three years. Patterns of variance along the openness of budget-building processes, information management, and school settings had no relationship to superintendent rate of rise to authority, career path, or cohesiveness of staff. There was no relationship found between professional preparation and budget-building processes. Cohesiveness of staff had a negative and weak relationship with information management but the openness of processes had a significantly positive relationship to information management. The responding superintendents relied heavily on their on-the-job training and currently operate much differently than when they started their superintendency. We discuss these outcomes with regard to professional preparation programs and superintendent professional development activities.


It is known that rough luminosity estimations for ll, lh and hh colliders can be performed easily using nominal beam parameters. In principle, more precise results can be obtained by analytical solutions. However, beam-dynamics is usually neglected in this case since it is almost impossible to cope with beam size fluctuations. In this respect, several beam-beam simulation programs for linear e+eand photon colliders have been proposed while no similar open-access simulation exists for all types of colliders (i.e. linac-ring ep colliders). Here, we present the sofware ALOHEP (A Luminosity Optimizer for High Energy Physics), a luminosity calculator for linac-ring and ring-ring colliders, which also computes IP parameters such as beam-beam tune shift, disruption arising out of electromagnetic interactions. In addition, the program allows to take crossing-angle effects on luminosity into account.


ABSTRACT The dynamic behavior of an active magnetic bearing (AMB) mounted rotor was investigated through an analytical study conducted as part of this research work. A biased AMB model was developed, in which six electromagnets were supplied with a bias current I0 , and their respective control currents. The magnetic load was obtained through a differentiated driving mode based on the virtual displacement principle. Motion equations were formulated, and simulations were performed to investigate the dynamic response of the misaligned AMB mounted on a high-speed rotor, considering rigid body motion, elastic motion, gyroscopic effect, shear deformation effect, and internal damping. Subsequently, a nonlinear novel direct Lyapunov-based controller derived from an energetic approach was applied and compared to an optimal regulator based on Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations. The Linear Quadratic Riccati (LQR) method required less energy, as expected, but the Lyapunov method was more efficient and demonstrated its ability to asymptotically control the plant instability as well as the misalignment effect. Finally, the method was applied to a milling machine spindle, and the controller was still able not only to handle the cutting forces generating disturbances but also to overcome the defect effect without any oscillation.


Inhalation of foreign body is a serious event. A very small proportion of foreign bodies get impacted in the larynx. Any foreign body in the larynx presents usually as a respiratory emergency, when urgent recognition is required to prevent disaster. The diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies in the airway are a challenge for otolaryngologists. Despite improvements in medical care and public awareness, approximately 3000 deaths occur each year from foreign body aspiration, with most deaths occurring before hospital evaluation and treatment. A high index of suspicion is needed for foreign body aspiration to allow for prompt treatment and avoidance of complications. The majority of foreign bodies pass through the glottis into the trachea and main bronchus. Sticky, thorny or irregular shaped foreign bodies may get lodged in the larnyx1 (Mundra et al, 1989). Two cases of laryngeal foreign bodies one of fish bone impacted in the larynx, in anteroposterior and another of coin also in anteroposterior position are presented here along with a brief review of literature.


Discusses the use of situational tasks as a means of education and the formation of competence bachelors in "Land Management and inventory in the system of higher education. The examples of situational tasks in the study course "Physics of the Earth."


Objective To study the relationship between interleukin-4(IL-4) gene promoter-590C/T polymorphism and chronic myelogenous leukaemia(CML).Methods The polymorphisms of IL-4gene were analyzed by PCR-SNP methods in 30 patients with CML and 40 healthy controls.Results The IL-4 gene-590C/T polymorphism was significantly different between CML group and control group(P0.05).The relative risk of CML of C allele was 5.65 times of the T allele(OR=5.65).Conclusion IL-4 gene-590 C/T polymorphism was associated with CML,and C allele may be a risk factor for CML,in which the IL-4 C allele carriers may have increase risk by inhibite the IL-4.


The invention relates to a method of making a semiconductor device. The method comprises the following steps of providing a semiconductor substrate, wherein the semiconductor substrate successively includes a support substrate, an insulation oxide buried layer and a semiconductor material layer from bottom to top; forming a patterned photoresist layer on the semiconductor material layer; according to the patterned photoresist layer, etching the semiconductor material layer so as to expose the insulation oxide buried layer so that a first groove is formed; removing the patterned photoresist layer; etching one part of the exposed insulation oxide buried layer so as to form a second groove; etching a top side wall of the second groove so as to enlarge a top opening of the second groove; etching the rest of the insulation oxide buried layer so as to expose a support substrate. According to the making method in the invention, a formed silicon through hole bottom has no groove and possesses a good side wall; and simultaneously, coverage of an interlayer dielectric layer (an oxide layer) used for a subsequent filling technology is improved so as to avoid a potential risk of electric leakage of the device.


Maira Bes-Rastrollo and colleagues examine whether financial conflicts of interest are likely to bias conclusions from systematic reviews that investigate the relationship between sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain or obesity. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary


Abstract Explains corrosion problems that may be encountered in long term storage of missiles in underground silos. Discusses problems in controlling atmosphere inside the silo and the missile to prevent corrosion, corrosion control measures used and techniques used to measure corrosion. Detecting systems covered are visual and electrical methods. 7.1


Developing efficient strategies for defending electric power systems against attacks is a major concern for contemporary power grids, especially when uncertainties are involved. This paper addresses the allocation of the defensive resource to minimize the damage when there are uncertainties regarding the resource that the attacker has. A multiple-attack-scenario (MAS) defender–attacker–defender (DAD) model is proposed by extending the conventional trilevel DAD model. The proposed model considers the uncertainties related to the offensive resource and the interactions involving the security personnel at the top-level, the attacker at the middle-level, and the power system operator at the bottom-level. The column-and-constraint generation algorithm is implemented by decomposing the MAS DAD model into an upper-level problem for the security personnel, and a lower-level problem for the attacker involving the optimal power flow analysis-based corrective power redispatch implemented by the power system operator. Case studies are performed based on the IEEE RTS79 and 57-bus systems, and the results validate that the proposed method is able to minimize the damage when uncertainties are involved in the offensive resource. This paper can offer meaningful insights into power system protection involving uncertainties.


In this article, parameterized virtual prototype model of rice seedling delivery mechanism, which is the main working part of the 2ZB-8 mini-type rice seedling transplanter, and the virtual model of rice seedling were built with the dynamic simulation analysis software ADAMS and finite element analysis software ANSYS. Testing analysis to the virtual model was done by comparing the simulation results and the physical experiment results. It indicates that the virtual prototype model has a high precision, and can be used for next step of the dynamic simulation analysis study.


The rate of reduction of Cr20 3 by carbon dissolved in FeCr melt has been studied at 1 580°C in AI' atmosphere. A cylinder of the oxide was rotated in the melt and the rate of reaction was determined from the rate of decrease in the diameter of the c.ylinder. Initial carbon concentration is 0. 3 -1.4% and rotational speed is 55 -1800rpm. At the initial carbon concentration of 0.3%, dissolution rate increases with increasing rotational speed. On the other hand, at higher carbon contents, the dissolution rate is determined substantially by the extent of co evol,,tion. It is shown that the dissolution rate is controlled by the rate of mass tranifer of ox.ygen across the boundary layer in the metal at the solidmelt


Malware, commonly called computer virus, is one of the top security threats to the computer systems around the globe. These are evolving at a very rapid pace and are continually finding new ways to exploit and infect the systems of various enterprises and businesses. Malwares use different techniques to camouflage themselves to make their lifetime longer. In this paper, we present a simple technique based on static features extracted from Windows PE files. The features used are not only extracted from the header part of the malware but also from the payload i.e. body of malware. The static features used are a combination of Function Call Frequency and Opcode Frequency for differentiating malwares from clean files. This combination of features set makes it a new approach for malware detection which provides an accuracy of 97% for a dataset of 1,230 executables files including 800 malware and 430 cleanwares. For classification purpose, we use machine learning algorithms available in WEKA library. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that both features considered in this work play a significant role in distinguishing malicious files from clean ones. KeywordsStatic Malware Analysis; Machine Learning; Classification;


Celebrity entrepreneurs are everywhere and some of them are very successful. This research is based on this new phenomenon. However, nowadays, the consumer desires authenticity. Therefore, the rese ...


ences may -be much less than some have thought, but one is not warranted in saying that they do not exist except as environment makes them. However, it has long been clear that many Negroes, regardless of skin color, exceed the white averages in various abilities; and this is the sound basis for an individual rather than a racial treatment of the colored person. It may even be doubted whether a clear demonstration of Negro mental equality would do much more to reduce the prejudices and discriminations that are now so


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the clinical features of a Chinese pedigree affected with tuberculosis sclerosis and explore its molecular pathogenesis.

METHODS
Clinical data of the proband and members of his pedigree were collected. Whole exome sequencing was carried out to detect variants of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes. Candidate variants was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.

RESULTS
The proband and his mother, who also had mild features of tuberous sclerosis, were found to harbor a novel heterozygous c.4183C>T (p.Q1395X) variant of the TSC2 gene, which was absent in the 4 healthy relatives. Bioinformatic analysis suggested the variant to be likely pathogenic.

CONCLUSION
The heterozygous c.4183C>T (p.Q1395X) variant of the TSC2 gene probably underlay the disease in this pedigree. Above finding has expanded the spectrum of TSC2 gene variants. The more severe symptoms in the proband may be attributed to phenotypic heterogeneity of this disease.


Objective To observe the differential gene expression in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) cell line with different radiosensitivity by cDNA microarray analysis.Methods A radioresistant cell line,CNE-2R,was established from a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells line CNE-2 by repeated X-ray irradiation.The differential gene expression of CNE-2 and CNE-2R was screened with cDNA microarray by BioStarH-141s profile gene chip.Results There were expressed 308 genes to be screened out between CNE-2R cell line with different radiosensitivity and its parental CNE-2 cell line,while 176 up-regulated genes in CNE-2R cells and 132 down-regulated genes were found.In them,there were 40 up-regulated ones and 36 down-regulated ones whose ratios were higher than 6.0 or lower than 0.1.The different genes included DNA damage-and repair-related genes;cell cycle-related and cytoskeleton-related proteins;and apoptosis-related genes.Conclusion The radioresistant CNE-2R cells were isolated from the CNE-2 cell line by repeated X-ray irradiation.The stable radioresistance is the result of co-effect by polygene and multiple factors,which provide several gene targets to sensitize the radioresistant cells for improving the radiocurability of NPC.


Meliodosis is endemic in Southeast Asia,northern Australia, and Brazil. Northeast Thailand has the highest incidence of melioidosis. Septicemic meliodosis has high mortality,87% in Thailand,75%in East Malaysia,39% in Singapore and 19% in Australia. Localised melioidosis has lower mortality. Burkholderia pseudomallei is found in soil and water,a history to contact with soil or surface water almost invariable with melioidosis. Diabetes mellitus, renal failure,thalassemia,haematological conditions, malignancy,steroids therapy,alcoholism and penetrating injury are the main risk factors.Clinical spectrum of melioidosis,being the fulminant end of clinical manifestation, with abscesses throughout both lungs and in many organs.Ashdown's medium containing gentamicin, is a selective medium for growth of B.pseudomalleui. Antibiotics of choice include, ceftazidime, imipenem for initial intensive intravenous therapy for 10 to 14 days,sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim and doxycycline for eradication therapy for minimum 3 months.Septicemic melioidosis has high mortality, high clinical suspicion is required, and appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy should be instituted for a better outcome.


Introduction Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, prevalent, and highly impairing psychiatric illness. Although the pathophysiology of OCD remains unknown, pathways involved in oxidative stress (OS) have been implicated. However, the complete clinical picture has been rarely considered, and it remains unclear whether oxidative dysregulation is inherent to OCD pathophysiology, or whether it is a consequence of confounding factors such as age, body mass index (BMI) or smoking. Objectives In this work, we aim to assess oxidant and antioxidant markers and its clinical correlates in a well characterized sample of patients with OCD and controls, to test the hypothesis that altered OS markers are associated with OCD, rather than to illness-related behavioral changes or comorbidities. Methods 60 patients with OCD and 60 age and sex-matched control volunteers were recruited and assessed for sociodemographic and clinical variables using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale-II, the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Three oxidant [8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG), malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl] and three antioxidant [catalase, glutathione-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] markers were assessed in serum using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). After comparing between groups, the association between OS markers and OCD characteristics, psychiatric medication and psychiatric comorbidities was assessed among patients with OCD. All analyses were adjusted for BMI, smoking and presence of physical comorbidities. Results The six OS markers were similar between patients with OCD and controls. Among patients with OCD, patients with more obsessive and depressive symptoms had lower concentrations of 8-OHdG, although this correlation may be sensitive to extreme values. Also, those who were on higher doses of antidepressants had lower concentrations of SOD. The remaining OS markers were not associated with OCD characteristics, psychiatric medication, or comorbidities. Conclusions Our results suggest that OS markers in blood do not seem to be a good biomarker of disease in symptomatic adult patients with OCD, and that OCD characteristics and comorbidities do not seem to have a clear impact on OS profile. Several factors contribute to the robustness of our findings, namely the sample size, the adjustment for confounding factors, and the assessment of a representative panel of OS markers using strict experimental methods. Future studies should always control for confounding factors when assessing OS markers and study OS profile in more specific samples, such as children or treatment-naïve patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


The article examines history of the library collections from Prague, which was the center of Ukrainian emigration during interwar period, to Kyiv. The majority of them are now located in State Research Archival Library (DNAB) in Kyiv. The author has analyzed соncentration of these collections in 1921–1945 in Czechoslovak Republic and their history in the Ukr. SSR. The direction of the latter had been dictated by the Holovlit USSR and Ukrainian SSR. She has divided history of processing of these library collections into five periods that allows to emphasize the characteristic features for each of them: concentration (1945–1958), initial processing (1965–1970), «calmness» (1971–1978), further processing (1979–1988) and declassifyng of library collections and their usage by researchers. The article presents the results of the research made in 2006–2007. The author was looking for and documenting the attributive signs of books, journals and newspapers of the former DNAB «Special Depository» indicating that this or that printed edition had been part of «Prague» emigre complex (approximately 4100 books and 18 634 items of periodicals)


Objective:To inspect the reasons why drug dissolution is different and approach the reasonable analytical method deeply.Method:To set up standard curve to compare with them at the same coordinate system,blending a series of solution of different concentration with gliquidone control article and medicine powder individually.Comparing the difference of the dissolution of gliquidone tablets by fiber-optic dissolution test system which use two different standard curve equations.Results:It is no loss of gliquidone when filtering medicine powder solution which include dimethylformamide(DMF)as an auxiliary solvent at different temperature.Detecting dissolution of gliquidone tablets by fiber-optic dissolution test system automatically.We can avoid error which caused by filter manipulation.Conclusion:According to specific circumstance,auxiliary solvent should be add into properly when blending own control solution,in addition,samples which removed from the vessels must be filtered and detected promptly.An in-situ,real time,on-line and process analysis of drug dissolution by fiber-optic dissolution test system automatically,the result is direct-viewing,actual,accurate and fast.


This study reports the epidemiological findings collected during 11.5 years of the genotypes, metabolic and clinical phenotypes, of phenylketonuria (PKU) in twenty-two Mexican children in the state of Jalisco. The phenylalanine hydroxylase ( PAH) variants were identified in 17/22 PKU cases. Four cases had mild hyper-phenylalanine (MHPA), two had mild PKU, one subject had moderate PKU and ten cases had classic PKU. Twelve variants of the PAH gene were identified: c.60+5G>T with 47.1 percent followed by c.441+5G>T, c.508C>G and c.1241A>G with 8.8 percent each; c.106611G>A with 5.9 percent and other variants with 2.9 percent each. A new pathogenic missense mutation is reported in c.791A>G. The researchers' study suggests that the population of Jalisco has a spectrum not found in the rest of the country with a genetic heterogeneity that has shown more severe variants.


To meet the increasingly serious challenge of energy and resources,China must and has to enhance the sense of crisis,build up a new developing idea of green development,strengthen consciousness of low-carbon city,and make an endeavor to construct a mode of production and consumption which is resource-saving and environment-friendly.Only in this way can China be able to thoroughly solve the constraints of energy and environment faced by city development.Standardization system of city's green development(SSCGD),as a comprehensive system of green development of society,economy and environment,is important basis and blueprint to direct and support green development of industries,organizations and enterprises.It would have an important function to completely push and promote city's green development.In view of this,the connotation and significance of city's green development were analyzed.After that,the key elements,basic approaches and system framework of SSCGD were pointed out.In the end,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward,which could promote city's green development effectively.


Background: Increased health status has in impact on the age of women which causes the number of menopause women to also increase. In wundudopi sub district, Kendari city, there are 2.055 women. When entering menopause women will be faced with a new problem that is the change in the body's metabolism. Purpose: This research is aims to compare the effectiveness of health education through poster and video media on improvement of climacterium mother knowledge in facing menopause in wundudopi sub district in Kendari city. Method: The type og this research uses a quasi-experimental method by comparing counseling knowledge groups through poster and video. The sample in this research was 34 women in wundudopi sub-district. Data collected by measuring knowledge using a questionnaire pre and posttest counseling and statistical analysis paired at a 95% confidence level with α = 0.05. Result: The finding of paired and independent data t-tes conducted that the provision of health education through poster media to increase knowledge with t=14.503 with sig 0.000<0.005 health education trough video media t=2.257 with sig 0.000<0.05. And there are differences in the knowledge of health education through poster and video media before and after counseling t= 15.993 with sig 0.000<0.05. Conclusion: This research concluded that there is a comparison of the effectiveness of health education through poster and video media on the increased knowledge of climacterium mother in the face of menopause in the wundudopi sub-district of Kendari city.


Medical students exposed to intensive training in interviewing patients, as a means of establishing and maintaining the physician-patient relationship, were compared with students who did not receive


The results of studies of 11 stone beaches on the coast of the Barents Sea in the area of the Teriberskaya Bay have been presented. The studies were carried out from 2017 to 2019. As a result of the work, the structure of the beaches, their size, the composition of clastic material and the relationship with bedrocks were studied in detail. The genetic link between beaches and sea terraces has been established. Special attention has been paid to the morphology of beach clastic material, the conditions of its formation, and its role in abrasion activity. It has been shown that the clastic material of the beaches mainly corresponds to boulders equal to 100-1,000 mm, to a lesser extent to pebbles 10-100 mm, and rarely - gravel 1-10 mm. Individual boulders reach 2,000 mm. Sandy fractions in the composition of beach sediments are practically absent. The roundness of the fragments is high, semi-circular and rounded grains predominate, the most perfect shape of the rounded fragments is a biaxial ellipsoid or egg. Perfectly rounded boulders and pebbles in some areas account for up to 30 % of beach deposits. Measurements of the parameters of the egg-shaped pebbles have shown that they are close to the parameters of the "golden section" of the egg, i. e. meet the most durable form, resistant to destruction. Thus, the process of abrasion of the beach debris is directed towards their acquisition of the most energetically stable state. This suggests that the original shape of the debris contained a solid core in the form of a biaxial ellipsoid.


The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) induces tumour growth in a mouse‐melanoma model. A B16‐melanoma cell line (B16‐0) was transfected with IL‐10 cDNA and three clones that secreted high (B16‐10), medium and low amounts of IL‐10 were selected. Cell proliferation and IL‐10 production were compared in vitro, and tumour growth, percentages of necrotic areas, tumour cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), IL‐10 receptor (IL‐10R) and major histocompatibility complex type I (MHC‐I) and II (MHC‐II), as well as infiltration of macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and blood vessels were compared in vivo among IL‐10‐transfected and non‐transfected tumours. Proliferation and tumour growth were greater for IL‐10‐transfected than for non‐transfected cells (P < 0·001), and correlated with IL‐10 concentration (r ≥ 0·79, P < 0·006). Percentages of tumour cells positive for PCNA and IL‐10R were 4·4‐ and 16·7‐fold higher, respectively, in B16‐10 than in B16‐0 tumours (P < 0·001). Macrophage distribution changed from a diffuse pattern in non‐transfected (6·4 ± 1·7%) to a peripheral pattern in IL‐10‐transfected (3·8 ± 1·7%) tumours. The percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes was 7·6 times higher in B16‐10 than in B16‐0 tumours (P = 0·002). The expression of MHC‐I molecules was present in all B16‐0 tumour cells and completely negative in B16–10 tumour cells. In B16‐0 tumours, 89 ± 4% of the whole tumour area was necrotic, whereas tumours produced by B16‐10 cells showed only 4·3 ± 6% of necrotic areas. IL‐10‐transfected tumours had 17‐fold more blood vessels than non‐transfected tumours (61·8 ± 8% versus 3·5 ± 1·7% blood vessels/tumour; P < 0·001). All the effects induced by IL‐10 were prevented in mice treated with a neutralizing anti‐IL‐10 monoclonal antibody. These data indicate that IL‐10 could induce tumour growth in this B16‐melanoma model by stimulation of tumour‐cell proliferation, angiogenesis and immunosuppression.


Douglas Hurd was Foreign Secretary during the 1991 Culf War. His remarks are taken from a speech given at RUSI on 27 January 2003 Disarming Saddam The decision between peace and war facing our government in the next few weeks is a new one; that is to say it does not flow inexorably from decisions already taken. Many of us have accepted the argument put particularly by the Foreign Secretary that the best way of ensuring, without war, that Iraq is finally deprived of weapons of mass destruction is to pile up the pressures on Saddam Hussein, including the deployment of weaponry and troops. But it cannot follow that because weapons and troops are now being deployed we are bound to go to war. We are not in 1914, when according to some critics it was their earlier decision to mobilize that forced the Kaiser and the Tsar to declare war. No considerations of face could prevent President Bush and our Prime Minister from accepting a climb down by Saddam Hussein to comply with UN demands or a peaceful coup in Iraq resulting in his exile. Such an outcome would certainly be best for the world and for Iraq. No military timetable should compel war when a successful outcome, namely a disarmed Iraq, may be feasible without war, for example by allowing more time to the UN " inspectors. It seems likely that Saddam Hussein, as well as being an odious dictator, has again sought to deceive us that is, that he possesses chemical and biological weapons and has been groping for nuclear. We have faced such deceit from dictators before. I remember the day when President Yeltsin told me in the Kremlin how his predecessors had deceived us in precisely this field. The United States successfully led us in a policy of combined deterrence and diplomacy in dealing with the threat from the Soviet Union. It is following the same policy today in dealing with North Korea. President Kim of North Korea knows that he and his colleagues would be obliterated within hours of using against us any of the weapons of mass destruction which he possesses. In dealing with the smaller though still real threat from Saddam Hussein, the United States is inclined to abandon deterrence and go for pre-emptive strike. There seems to be two reasons for this. First, such a strike is more certain in one of its results; the risk that deterrence might not work is removed. Second, Saddam Hussein is weaker militarily than either the Soviet Union or North Korea. It is hard to dispute this discrimination as a calculation of reality but also hard to put it in any consistent moral context. Before a final decision is taken to send in our servicemen to kill and be killed, several questions need to be considered, of which I name two.


Abstract In 1925 the Madras Municipal Corporation introduced an innovative scheme to provide free midday meals for poor schoolchildren in the city. These meals were designed to both improve the physical health of the schoolchildren and contribute to their educational attainments. This paper examines the advice of nutritional experts at the Coonoor Centre for Nutritional Research and the new scientific emphasis on diet and malnutrition in South India. It then considers the debates among the corporation's elected councillors regarding the particular nutritional needs of the Indian schoolchild. These negotiations contributed to wider debates about nutrition and colonial science and reflected changing discourses surrounding the relationship between the state, experts and parents. Although the scheme was limited in funds and in scale, I suggest that the political commitment to feeding hungry children was a significant departure in the history of children and the Indian welfare state.


This paper illustrates a new language processing tool (Arabic Corpus Processing Tools ACPTs 4.6 Version) that is a stand-alone open/free source for analyzing both Arabic and English large-scale texts, exceeding 50 million words depending on over 8 gigabytes of personal PC RAM space. The new ACPT has sophisticated cutting-edge functions used for the literature of corpus linguistics and corpus-linguistic analysis, especially statistical packages. A comparison with other tools suitable for corpus-linguistic analysis is important. This gives merit for ACPTs to be considered the most effective tool for corpus analysis. As this paper focuses on language teaching, the most prominent functions of the intended tools that can be exploited for enhancing the progress of language teaching/learning are illustrated, arguing some key elements that should be understood before using the tool.


or the past F Association 6 years, the American College Health I (ACHA) has had 2 cooperative agreements from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Division of Adolescent and School Health. Both cooperative agreements focus on the prevention of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) among college students, particularly for students of color and gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (GLBTQ) students. As the project directors for these cooperative agreements, we have worked with staff members from more than 100 campuses across the country during the last 3 years to provide safe and welcoming environments for these students. Staff members from the first cooperative agreement, ACHA's Building Healthy Campus Communities project, have been working with ACHA institutional members selected through an application process to (1) conduct a cultural competency needs assessment, ( 2 ) develop a report of campus strengths and weaknesses, and (3) develop and implement a strategic plan to improve cultural competency within the health service and among individual providers. In addition, the project is working with 7 institutions to build collaborative relationships between student health services and African American, Latino, and GLBTQ student organizations and to develop culturally competent HIV-prevention messages and strategies. ACHA's second cooperative agreement, College Students in High-Risk Situations, focuses primarily on reaching GLBTQ students on campus. During the past 4 years, project staff members have conducted more


In this work, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which local mechanical properties (e.g., rigidity) of the extracellular matrix (ECM) cooperates with soluble cues to regulate lineage commitment of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We have established different micropost array substrates that can definitively decouple matrix rigidity from other properties including adhesiveness. We applied these substrates to investigate the influences of matrix rigidity on cell adhesion, cytoskeleton assembly/contractility, cell spreading, and proliferation. We further show that matrix rigidity regulates commitment of hMSCs to either adipogenic or osteogenic fate: soft matrix facilitates adipogenic differentiation while stiff matrix proves osteogenic.


Abstract:"Illustrating for children is like fishing in a vast ocean for me. Fun, but demanding. Thus, it feeds my imagination constantly. This feat in producing myriad book covers and children's books continues to this day with the same enthusiasm of the first."


Design methodology of the Human-computer interaction (HCI) ensures stability, efficiency, and usability of the future artifacts. HCI concerned for the development of interaction methods as well as user interfaces. Several methods are used since the term HCI was coined. HCI methodologies are formed into various certain features and the features are based on the user acceptance, usability, and technical issues, indeed each method based on a specific affair. A method or process 'User-Centered design' (UCD) is exercising in a broad area of HCI. In spite of existing UCD process significance, in a while, several boundaries and limitations arise during the development of the artifacts. UCD process is not static, and the variations in UCD incorporated into various approaches depending on needs, and task. The principle of UCD process is to involve the user participation in the development to ensure users demand and interests. For the variations of UCD process researchers are developing the model by extending diverse technical and conceptual terms depending on respective activities, therefore occasionally the process draws inappropriate images of the future artifacts, although ISO 9241-210 defined an ideal UCD process guidelines to HCI development. This research analyzed the significance, usability, and the absence of existing UCD process and extended a conceptual term as Elicitation. Respective section illustrated the extended term significance, practice and approaches to HCI design. The key concern is to develop the UCD method in this research, alongside discuss the existing methods limitations and absences for future HCI development.


Our main objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the association of stroke type with the hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We also included the relation of some other variables with the stroke type; such as age, and gender. retrospective cohort study. Data of 1298 patients (768 males; 530 females) were collected from clinical records on personal history of major patient who were hospitalized in king Khalid hospital in Hail city southern region of Saudi Arabia, between 2010-2016, suffering stroke according to their stroke type, and the presence of one of the major disorders which are (Diabetes or hypertension and dyslipidemia). The key findings from the present study regarding stroke incidence of patients with diabetes, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia, has been associated to the course and type of stroke (ischemic and Hemorrhagic). Ischemic type of stroke were the most common types in association with the major three variables in our study, as well as with the age and gender groups. Therefore, these three main disorders are found to be risk factor mainly for ischemic stroke, while its association with hemorrhagic stroke remains controversial. IJSER International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 10, October-2017 1659 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2017 http://www.ijser.org Introduction: According to estimates by the WHO, stroke represented 5.7 million deaths as well as 16 million newbie occasions in 2005 and these numbers might get to 7.8 million and 23 million by 2030, respectively [1]. Stroke is the second leading cause of preventable mortality around the world and also the 4th leading cause of lost performance [2], as gauged by disability-adjusted life years. Evidence acquired from huge epidemiological research studies has actually disclosed that the risk aspects for stroke and their organizations with stroke were comparable in different parts of the world [3]. High blood pressure and diabetes mellitus impacts approximately 74.5 million as well as 23.6 million adults in the United States, respectively, and also roughly 75% of patients with diabetic's issues have concomitant hypertension [4]. Hypertension is a major risk element for ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage [5,6]. Elevated systolic pressure is a "direct, continual and independent" risk variable for stroke [5,6]. Isolated systolic high blood pressure is a specifically solid risk aspect for stroke in the senior and in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus [7]. Control of hypertension (BP), particularly systolic hypertension, has been plainly revealed to minimize the threat of stroke in several prospective controlled trials [6,7] Although there is a contract that BP > 140/90 mmHg must be dealt with, the optimal BP target has not been IJSER International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 10, October-2017 1660 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2017 http://www.ijser.org established [ 8,9], as well as the conclusive evidence validating that any type of class of antihypertensive agents offers special defense versus stroke is lacking [10]. Diabetes is one more threat element for stroke. Searching for from the 2010 meta-analysis of 102 possible research studies revealed that diabetic issues are connected with a roughly twofold raised threat for all sorts of stroke [11]. A testimonial of professional trials shows that early aggressive insulin management amongst younger people with Type 1 diabetes minimizes stroke occurrence, but not among older patients with lasting Type 2 diabetes mellitus [12]. The extensive glucose-lowering treatment (a glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] degree <7.0%) has been revealed to lower the danger of microvascular problems and also may or may not be useful for the long-lasting decrease in the risk of CVD [13]. In interested in the relation between dyslipidemia and stroke. In a meta-analysis of long-term prospective research studies, mostly in Europe as well as North America, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was only decently related to ischemic stroke as well as unconnected to hemorrhagic stroke [14]. Similar results were discovered in a binational study in Northern Ireland and also France [15]. The relationship between product LDL-C and also ischemic stroke differs by type of ischemic stroke. Although a positive, as well as significant association, was discovered for atherothrombotic infarctions, an adverse significant organization was observed for cardioembolic infarction [16]. Our main objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the association of stroke type with the hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We also included the relation of some other variables with the stroke type; such as age, and gender. IJSER International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 10, October-2017 1661 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2017 http://www.ijser.org Methodology: Type of study:retrospective cohort study.Data of 1298patients (768 males; 530females) were collected from clinical records on personal history of major patient who were hospitalized in king Khalid hospitalin Hail city southern region of Saudi Arabia, between 2010-2016, suffering stroke according to their stroke type, and the presence of one of the major disorders which are (Diabetes or hypertension and dyslipidemia). Measurements: The variables studied were stroke, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and co-variables were age, gender, we calculated the age-, sexadjusted relative risk (RRs) for association of stroke types with the variables mentioned above. And individual-level data on prevalence of each variable in combined with stroke incident. Statistical analysis: The Stata and SPSS statistical packages were used.Variable and co-variables was modeled nonparametrically to fit a non-linear relationship without having to specify a parametric form (differences in stroke types in relation to specific variable were showed as relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).


A compact tri-band bandpass filter (BPF) using a single substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity with offset feed-line is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a single SIW cavity fed by microstrip-line and L-shape slots with rectangular slot is applied to construct a tri-band BPF. The offset feed-line is used to excite the three resonant modes to achieve the three passbands. The rectangular slot in the SIW is applied to improve the filtering performance. This filter has a very compact configuration, which still remains a good filtering performance. Then, a second order tri-band filter based on the first order tri-band filter is designed and analyzed. Finally, the proposed second order tri-band filter is fabricated and verified by simulations and experiments.


SiGe quantum devices were demonstrated by AFM oxidation and selective wet etching with features size down to 50 nm. To passivate the devices and eliminate the interface states between Si/SiO 2 , low temperature regrowth of epitaxial silicon over strained SiGe has been tested. The silicon regrowth on Si 0.8 Ge 0.2 was done by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (RTCVD) at 700 °C using a hydrogen pre-cleaning process at 800 °C and 10 torr. SIMS analysis and photoluminescence (PL) of strained SiGe capped with epitaxial regrown silicon show a clean interface. Nano-gaps between doped SiGe filled and overgrown with epitaxial silicon show an electrical insulating property at 4.2 K.


Hungary is still one of the most important nearshore business service locations in the CEE market with a high FDI growth rate, educated and committed labour, attractive economic environment, legal certainty, data security, and a mature service market of ca. 150 business services centres and 67,000 employees. In the last two decades, Budapest attracted the bulk of investment in the Hungarian business service sector. Due to the ensuing general labour shortage, the business services centres began to open new sites in smaller regional cities as well, which means potential for further progress in the Hungarian BPO characterised by10% annual growth on the average. The Hungarian government and most of the business services centres are committed to attracting more complex and higher value-added service processes and to replacing transactional tasks with new digital solutions.


Objective To study the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on proliferation of human rectal cancer cell in vitro. Methods The experiment was divided into control group,rhGH group,Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) group and rhGH+L-OHP group. The double proliferation time of cells,cell inhibition rate,cell cycle, proliferation index (PI) and DNA inhibition rate of human rectal cancer line,HR8348,were studied by cell culture, MTT assay and flow cytometry on different concentration of rhGH. Results In vitro the markedly accelerated effects of rhGH on multiplication of HR8348 cell line were not found: there was no statistical significance as compared rhGH group with control group or compared rhGH+L-OHP group and L-OHP group ( P 0.05). The double proliferation time of cells was markedly lengthened, cell inhibition rate and the cells arrested in G_0-G_1 phase were obviously increased, meanwhile, the cells in S phase ( P 0.05) and G_2-M phase and PI were markedly decreased and DNA inhibition rate was obviously risen as compared rhGH+L-OHP group with control group or rhGH+L-OHP group and rhGH group ( P 0.01).Conclusion In vitro rhGH does not accelerate the multiplication of human rectal cancer cells.


The State of Israel was born on 14 May 1948 in the rage of battle. The Declaration of Independence, which was announced by the temporary prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, a few hours before the neighbouring Arab states commenced a fierce attack against it, portended the determination of the Jewish community in Palestine to prove to the whole world its ability to survive as an independent entity. The de facto division of the country, the mass desertion of their homes by the Arab inhabitants and the absorption of hundreds of thousands of Jewish immigrants helped to transform the victorious Israel into a nation-state, and gave concrete substance to its sovereignty. However, the security challenge which demanded the extensive recruitment of physical and human resources, despite its importance, was only one of a series of missions and problems with which the young state had to contend in its first years in order to consolidate its independent existence. The need to absorb holocaust survivors from Europe and Jews from the Islamic countries, to ensure economic stability, to solve the problems of religion and state, to consolidate new patterns of collective identity, and to design advanced public systems such as education and law, also required quick solutions in the early days of the formative era of Israel. The new mechanisms of government, which were intended to enable a national-sovereign existence, arose from the foundations of the political and social infrastructures which had been laid during the years of the new Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel. Since the last two decades of the nineteenth century, immigrants to the Land of Israel had fought incessantly to establish the base necessary to accomplish the Zionist ethos in the country. Along with the effort to broaden the settlement enterprise and to build the society and economy on stable foundations, the national institutions conducted a campaign to gain political support and


Pharmacokinetic studies of Flutamide were performed in rats. Blood and plas ma levels, tissue distribution and excretion of Flutamide were examined during and after the consecutive oral administration of 14C-Flutamide at a daily dose of 5 mg/kg for 21 days. 1. The blood levels of radioactivity at 24 hr after daily dosing increased with the number of dose, reaching the steady state on day 16. 2. The radioactivity was well distributed in all the tissues following the con secutive oral doses. The concentrations in the blood, small intestine, kidney, spleen, preputinal gland, stomach and the liver were 4.4•`6.0 times higher than those after a single dosing, and that in the other tissues were 2.6•`3.8 times higher. The radioactivity in most tissues after the final dosing was eliminated slowly from the tissues. 3. Excretion rates of radioactivity into urine and feces were 68.2 and 24.6% at 120 hr after the final dosing, respectively. These were almost constant duringthe consecutive oral doses. Residual radioactivity in rats was 0.6% of the total doses.


For complex pavements, there are circular, elliptic and rectangular shape vehicle loads under different conditions. Treatment way of vehicle loads is studied with conformal mapping method in this paper. Approach for transformation them to uniform circular shape is also researched. Terminal goal is enable the road engineers to accommodate changes of vehicle loads in their used way to pavement design which using static loads with uniform vertical pressure distribution without any more attached difficult.


This article involves a study of the narrative of a Second World War Resistance member by means of an interview in which the interviewer explicitly inserts the historical context by selecting the topics for discussion and asking critical questions. The interview deals with three periods: the Wartime period; the First Wave of Reprisals; and the Second Wave of Reprisals. The analyses show that the interviewee's first and second-level positionings shift along with changes in historical period and that they mirror the general historical image of the Resistance. These different positionings are highly consistent in themselves and this consistency is also present on the third level of positioning, because of the interviewee's fairly muted style of narrating, by which blatant inconsistencies are avoided and a general, 'good' identity is constructed. The article also demonstrates that the interview style adds another, important dimension to the analysis of identities in life stories.


033(00)22 reacts with ethylene oxide in the presence of Br" to give two of the few known dioxycarbene cluster compounds, 0s3(C0)jj(=COCH^CH^). I , and 053(00)io(=cOCH^CH^)2, II . The structure of II , established by X-ray diffraction studies, shows the dioxycarbene ligands to be in terminal, equatorial positions. Investigations of reactions of the dioxycarbene ligand showed that Fe(00)4(=OOOH2CH20), III, decomposes with evolution of OO2 and ethylene, but reacts with oxidizing agents, Me3N0 or O2, to produce ethylene carbonate. The reaction of III with H2 gas gives 1,3-dioxolane. In exploratory studies, ethylene oxide, 00 and H2 In the presence of Pt, Pd and Rh catalysts were found to give 1,4dioxane, 2-niethyl-1,3-dioxolane and 2-ethyl-l,3-d1oxolane.


This courseware contribution describes the work done based on a social networking platform for educational purposes. The main task of the students will be creating videos related to concepts of inheritance. One of the main roles of the platform is to facilitate communication and discussion among students during the video creation process. Students thought that private discussion forums and video rating were the most useful tools. In addition students are satisfied with the learning experience.


In this paper, a novel robust damping control scheme is proposed for the tracking control of wheeled mobile robots in the presence of unknown dynamics and bounded disturbances. The knowledge of the bounds of uncertainties is not required. Global uniform boundedness of all tracking errors is guaranteed. The controller has a fairly simple structure and can be easily implemented. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theory.


The larvicidal efficacy of petroleum ether extract of Piper longum and Ruta graveolens against larvae of Aedes aegypti was studied. Insecticidal susceptibility tests were done according to WHO standard procedure and the mortality was observed after 24 hours of exposure. The Ruta graveolens showed larvicidal efficacy with LC50 value of 1.037 mg/L and as in the case of Piper longum LC50 is 3.160 mg/L. Both the plants showed larvicidal efficacy even at very low concentrations. Further synergetic mode of study is required for both these plants to reveal the active principle involved. The biochemical mechanism and mode of action are under investigation and warrants extensive study for the development of an eco-friendly arsenal


We investigated the anti-diabetic effects of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (sea urchin, SU) shells on non-obese type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. We measured body weight, blood glucose, and plasma insulin levels and conducted an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The SU shells (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the blood glucose of GK rats from 203.8±29.8 mg/dL to 138.5±21.2 mg/dL at after 4 weeks of daily oral administration. However, plasma insulin levels at the same time were not changed by treatment with SU. During the OGTT, the SU-treated GK rats maintained a lower blood glucose level than the control group for 15 to 120 min. Based on these results, SU shells are considered to be effective in improving glucose tolerance. These results suggest that SU shells have unique properties to lower blood glucose, raise insulin sensitivity, and improve insulin resistance in GK rats.


Structural relaxation is one of the most important features of a glass material at an elevated temperature. This study aims to obtain an insight into the structural relaxation process of a typical optical glass. Experimentally, a high-temperature impulse excitation technique was used to explore the mechanism through monitoring the variation of the Young's modulus of the material. Theoretically, the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan (TNM) model was employed to describe the variation of modulus with time and temperature. It was found that the parameterized TNM model obtained by modulus data could be used to achieve a more subtle description of the variation of coefficient of thermal expansion during structural relaxation, which is vital for thermoforming a glass product.


Objective On the basis of status investigation of college students' knowledge and cognition of adverse drug reactions(ADR) caused by anti-cold drugs,the countermeasures for improving effect of anti-cold drugs will be provided.Methods Questionnaires and in-depth interviews were distributed among college students of ADR caused by anti-cold drugs.The data obtained were analyzed and compared.Results It was significant for cognition of ADR caused by anti-cold drugs between medical specialties and non-medical specialties.The college students cannot know enough the ADR of anti-cold drugs combination of other drugs.Conclusion The college students cannot know which irrational use of anti-cold drugs in different population and individuals,therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the publicizing of reasonable combination of drugs and individualized medication.


The engineering survey of cool air distribution system in the building of Tokyo Electricity Power Research Center was introduced.The cause of formation of these problems on dew on diffuser surface and draft of cool air supply etc were analyzed.and the corresponding methods were presented to solve these ones when cool air distribution system is used.The application principle on energy saving techniques from auto-control solar radiation blade system and lighting auto-adjusting system etc were described.and its detailed steps to carry out have been provided.The test effect of the system has also been given,and the disadvantages on current system and its improvement in the future have been pointed out.


Philorhizus tinauti sp. nov. from Almeria (Andalusia, Spain), are described. The new species closely related are described to Ph. mendizabali Mateu y Colas 1954, from Sierra Nevada (Spain). Data of the comparative analysis are provided. First record of Ph. paulo Wrase, 1995 for Montes Vascos.


Three-dimensional (3-D) radar imaging can provide additional information along elevation dimension about the target with respect to the conventional 2-D radar imaging, but usually requires a huge amount of data collected over 3-D frequency-azimuth-elevation space, which motivates us to perform 3-D imaging by using sparsely sampled data. Traditional compressive sensing (CS) based 3-D imaging methods with sparse data convert the 3-D data into a long vector, and then complete the sensing and recovery steps. This 1-D vectorized model, however, faces challenges of high computational complexity and huge memory usage and may not be viable in real applications. In this article, we solve the 3-D sparse imaging problem efficiently in a tensor way. For this aim, we firstly derive the 3-D imaging model from a tensor perspective under some assumptions. Then we review three kinds of sparse data sampling schemes that are common on the existing 3-D compressive radar imaging applications. Subsequently, with the help of prior information hidden in the radar signal, i.e., sparsity and low-rank property, we propose efficient image reconstruction algorithms for different sampling schemes to produce 3-D images with sidelobes and artifacts suppressed significantly. Finally, extensive experiments based on simulated and real-measured datasets are carried out. Results show that the proposed methods can effectively generate competitive images with small reconstruction error even when the data sampling ratio is low, which confirm the validity of proposed methods.


After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continues to be a common problem despite routine antiemetic prophylaxis. Therefore, the effect of administering 4 mg intravenous dexamethasone as an adjunct to a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 antagonist (12.5 mg intravenous dolasetron) was investigated with regard to patient outcome. One hundred forty outpatients were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind, institutional review board–approved protocol involving two antiemetic treatment groups. After anesthesia had been induced, the control group received 1 mL of intravenous saline, whereas the dexamethasone group received 4 mg of intravenous dexamethasone. Both groups were given 12.5 mg of intravenous dolasetron at the time of gallbladder removal. A blinded observer recorded the recovery times, emetic episodes, rescue antiemetics, maximum nausea score, and time-to-achieve-discharge criteria. Postdischarge side effects, as well as patient satisfaction and quality of recovery scores, were assessed 24 hr after surgery. Despite a lack of difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the early recovery period, the dexamethasone group had a shorter stay in the day-surgery unit (136 ± 57 vs. 179 ± 62 min) and more quickly achieved discharge criteria (161 ± 32 vs. 209 ± 39 min). In addition, fewer patients in the dexamethasone group experienced nausea at home within 24 hr after discharge (13% vs. 28%). Finally, the dexamethasone group reported higher quality of recovery and patient satisfaction scores. It was concluded that the adjunctive use of 4 mg of intravenous dexamethasone shortened the time required to achieve discharge criteria and improved the quality of recovery and patient satisfaction scores after laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures in outpatients who received prophylaxis with 12.5 mg of intravenous dolasetron.


Describes some data processing routines of the 'BLAST' ESM/ECM system developed by AEG. Furthermore, envisaged system upgrades are discussed. Finally, some field test results and their impact on the development of the 'PASSAT' ESM System are outlined. 'PASSAT' is a purely passive derivative of the 'BLAST' system. >


PRESENTERS Till Guldimann Jim Marks MODERATOR Lawrence J. Radecki SUMMARY OF SESSION 2 PANEL DISCUSSION The presenters were Till Guldimann, Senior Vice President at Sungard Data Systems, and Jim Marks, Director at Credit Suisse First Boston. The session was moderated by Lawrence J. Radecki, Assistant Vice President at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The session featured two presentations on how technology might affect the structure of financial services firms. Guldimann and Marks agreed that advances in information technology will result in more specialization by these firms at the same time that consumers obtain better access to product information across firms. Both panelists also emphasized that in the future, the successful providers of financial services will model themselves as Internet portals or hubs, where consumers will return to frequently when seeking financial services. Finally, they observed that advances in information technology should intensify competition in all markets. TILL GULDIMANN Till Guldimann organized his remarks into three parts. The first part covered the three major information technology drivers transforming financial services. The second reviewed how these drivers affect the mechanisms of distribution, markets, and competition. Finally, he spelled out the implications for integration in financial markets. The first driver, Guldimann explained, is better (faster and less expensive) communications technology. The capacity for electronic transmission of information has been growing rapidly, and intense competition within this industry will drive the price toward zero. Consumers and businesses, Guldimann emphasized, will have virtually free access to information; the issue is what they will do with the information. He speculated that competitive advantage no longer comes from access to information, but from the ability to use it. With this improvement in information technology comes the impetus for the second driver--that is, for financial services providers to move away from the vertical integration of products and focus more on dominating globally in narrow market niches. Guldimann noted that in financial services, for example, firms already are specializing as global custodians, underwriters, and derivatives houses. Guldimann identified the third driver as the rapid growth in financial wealth. This wealth must be managed professionally. The professional managers will compete for business on the basis of new performance standards: total returns adjusted for risks. He saw three likely implications: 1) performance can only be improved by more frequent trading, 2) markets will be under pressure to become more efficient, and 3) consolidation into ever-larger asset managers will end because of liquidity constraints. Turning to his second topic, structural change, Guldimann pointed out that global suppliers of specialized products need a mechanism for distribution, and consumers need better ways to procure and assemble specialized products from multiple producers. The Internet provides the necessary global reach to accomplish these tasks. Internet portals emerged to create stronger ties to customers by giving them convenient access to a firm's own products as well as related products of other firms. Some portals will dominate markets by aggregating ever-larger amounts of information, he observed. Depending on a firm's perspective, however, portals can also create tension. On the one hand, it is desirable to be the only bank on a major portal. The bank and its customers can do business together more easily. On the other hand, if a bank is just one of many located on the portal, then competition occurs on the basis of price alone, because comparison shopping becomes relatively easy. Offering another example, Guldimann explained that industrial customers do not want to go to a supplier-operated portal and pay the posted prices; rather, they would prefer to establish their own portals, where suppliers come and bid on their orders in a reverse-auction environment. …


We construct a concrete realization of the generalized parity (P), time-reversal (T ), and charge-conjugation (C) operators, that were initially defined in the study of the PT symmetric and pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, for Klein-Gordon fields. We show that PT and C operators, that signify certain symmetries of the system, correspond to the ordinary time-reversal and charge-conjugation transformations, respectively. Furthermore, we construct a positive-definite and relativistically invariant inner product on the space of Klein-Gordon fields and show that the generator h of time-translations viewed as acting in the Hilbert space H defined by this inner product is Hermitian. The quantum system having H as its Hilbert space and h as its Hamiltonian is unitarily equivalent to the one defined by a Hermitian Hamiltonian acting in the Hilbert space L2(R3) ⊕ L2(R3). We give the explicit form of the corresponding unitary transformation and use it to construct position operators, localized and coherent states, and a set of wave functions for the KleinGordon fields. Our approach provides a consistent quantum mechanical description of the Klein-Gordon fields that admits a genuine probabilistic interpretation. ∗E-mail address: email@example.com


Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) planting in Northeast Florida's Tri-County Agricultural Area (St. John, Putnam, and Flagler counties, TCAA) typically runs early January through mid-March. Six planting dates (PD) (13 January 2004 and every two weeks, thereafter, to 25 March 2004) and two chipping varieties ('Atlantic' and 'Harley Blackwell') were evaluated to determine key growth and development stages (emergence, full flower, and senescence), yield and quality based on accumulated growing degree days (GDD-7C base). 'Atlantic' is preferred for its chipping quality and high yield, but is susceptible to internal heat necrosis (IHN). 'Harley Blackwell' is noted for its resistance to IHN and comparable chipping quality to 'Atlantic'. Growers in the TCAA have historically used calendar days to predict key potato developmental stages. Developing a growing degree day system may be a more accurate predictor of these stages throughout the season to determine optimal planting dates and yields compared to calendar days for chipping varieties in the TCAA. For both varieties and all planting dates, 'emergence' and 'full flower' occurred approximately at 213 and 804 accumulated GDD, respectively. Accumulated GDD at harvest for PD's 1-6 were 1493, 1676, 1951, 2374, 2490 and 2840, respectively. As accumulated GDD at harvest exceeded 2374, total and marketable yields decreased on average 17 and 20%, respectively.


To improve the fluidization quality of cohesive particles, the traditional perforated plate internals and the remiform internals as well as the new design of the perforated remiform internals were tested with cohesive γ- Al2O3 particles as the experimental material. The experimental results showed that the perforated plate internal was inefficient for improving fluidization quality of cohesive particles, the remiform internal was better than the former. The perforated-remiform internals combine the advantages of two traditional ones and was proved to be the best internals for using in cohesive particles.


Thrombolysis is still an important treatment modality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a hospital without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) facility. However, the optimal treatment after thrombolysis is still unclear. Conservative treatment after thrombolysis was recommended in the past. "Guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention (2009)" also suggested that the condition of STEMI patients should be evaluated to determine whether the patient should be transferred to a hospital with PCI facility. But this suggestion lacksed evidence-based support. In recent years, several clinical trials suggested that immediate transfer to the nearest interventional centre for PCI was plausible regardless of success or failure in thrombolysis in local hospital, and this might reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with STEMI.


The cavitation erosion behavior of Cr-Mn-N austenite-ferrite stainless steel was investigated by ultrasonic vibration cavitation erosion equipment. The results show that the resistance of Cr-Mn-N stainless steel to cavitation erosion is superior to that of OCrl3Ni5Mo stainless steel although Cr-Mn-N stainless steel has lower hardness. The ferrite phase in the surface of Cr-Mn-N steel is quickly removed when it is damaged by cavitation erosion, and its volume content in the surface of Cr-Mn-N steel quickly decreased from 19% to 6.9%, then keeps invariable. The austenite is prone to remove from the pits left by ferrite removal. Work hardening is an important way for Cr-Mn-N stainless steel to absorb cavitation erosion impact energy, which makes Cr-Mn-N stainless steel exhibit superior resistance to cavitation erosion.


It is still unresolved whether auditory motion is perceived via specialized motion detectors or inferred from static samples of changes in spatial position. This question has been investigated by comparing minimum audible movement angles for single sources moving discretely or continuously [Perrott and Marlborough, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 1773–1775 (1989)]. But using one source does not force the listener to determine movement by only one of the aforementioned processes. To better measure sensitivity to pure auditory dynamics, the following study simulates multiple overlapping sources moving in the same direction across random sections of the auditory hemifield. Experimental stimuli are composed of different portions of the trajectories of circling resonant sources, which are individually created by dynamically varying interaural time and level differences. The multiple, variable endpoints in the composite stimulus should inhibit the listener from relying solely on such cues to determine movement directio...


Summary form only given. A survey on recent experiments will be given, aimed to characterize thin films of such organic materials by means of third harmonic generation (THG) and degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM).<<ETX>>