Objectives:The development of second metacarpal cortical was investigated in children and adolescents in recent 20 years.It makes further discussion on law and long-term trends of the bone cortical development and may have significant implication for revealing the law of bone development in children and adolescents,thus provides theoretical basis for subsequent research on the growth and development of children and adolescents.Methods:The subjects were the children from two skeletal development surveys in the year of 1985 and 2005.With precisely to 0.02mm vernier caliper in the second metacarpal bone center point spot,the palm backbone transverse diameter and the medullary cavity of bones width was surveyed,the diameter of the combined cortical thickness was obtained by subtracting the value of the marrow cavity from that of the bone transverse diameter according to Barnett formula computation metacarpal cortical index.Conclusions:1)1985—2005,children and adolescents had the bone cortical growth long-term trend.Bone cortical thickness average growth for boy was 0.12m±0.23mm,and fort girl was 0.10±0.11mm Metacarpal cortical index average growth for boy was 1%±3%,for girl was 2%±1%. 2)1985—2005,the different age children and adolescent's height,weight and CCT,MCI correlative relationship had no obviously change;1985—2005,the result of multiple regression analysis showed that the influence of children and adolescents body height and weight had no change to MCI.


The interfacial interaction is extremely important when dealing with filler-reinforced polymer materials. Herein, in order to improve the interfacial interaction with the polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) matrix, a three-dimensional rough structure was designed. First, needle-like TiO2 nanocrystals were grown on each surface of the graphene. Morphology analysis proved that rough TiO2 nanocrystals were coated on the graphene nanosheets. Then, TiO2@graphene/PEN composites were fabricated to investigate the filler–matrix interaction. Thereafter, the different polymer chains could be interlocked by the TiO2 "needles" when the rough TiO2@graphene was embedded into the polymer resin. The surrounding PEN polymer chains (work as ropes) could tie to the "needles" (work as wood pile). That is to say, the effective polymer chain length was greatly lengthened, resulting in the improvement of interfacial interactions and mechanical properties. Most importantly, the morphology, mechanical and rheological tests of the composites also proved the improvement of interfacial interactions and mechanical properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Electricity generation in Romania it's realized in percentage 30 % in OLTENIA ENERGY COMPLEX. This is the biggest producer of energy, end coal in the country. Therefore Marketing mix is very important to ensure that the company grows. The final objective is that the volume of sales, market share and growth.


Recently, when a lot of passengers are loaded on luggage such as trucks and buses, the vehicle mass becomes high and excessive lateral acceleration occurs during traveling, so that the vehicle is rollover easily. Therefore, it is essential to secure the stability of the vehicle by controlling the ve...


Electrochemical gas sensors are used in industrial, medical, automotive, and other applications to detect and measure the concentrations of a wide range of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) or hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This article will cover the principle of operation of an electrochemical gas sensor, discuss interface design challenges and solutions, and reviews several Analog Devices reference designs developed specifically for these applications.


The current geodetic investigation is based on nearly a decade of continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) data towards the western part of the Indian Plate (2009–2019). This research focused on the Kachchh Rift Basin (KRB), the seismically most active intra‐plate region of the Indian Plate, which has seen three ≥ M 7.0 earthquakes in the last two centuries. The GPS stations on the northern and southern margins show SSW and NNE directed motion, indicating that the KRB is currently under the influence of regional compressive stress on both flanks and the same is reflected in the form of earthquake activity in the center portion. Furthermore, the existence of intra‐basin stress, in addition to regional stress, increases strain accumulation and results in the creation of a Principal Deformation Zone (PDZ) in the central part of the KRB. The average annual deformation in the middle of KRB remains 1.0 ± 0.5 mm/year, while sites near the South Wagad Fault (SWF) experience 1.2 mm/year of fault parallel motion. The dominant fault normal motion along the flanks with a maximum fault parallel motion in the middle intimates the existence of strike‐slip tectonics in the central Kachchh. The geometric relationship of strike‐slip faults in a compressive margin and strain accumulation in pre‐existing faults (PDZ) is responsible for current strike‐slip and thrust motion in the Kachchh, including the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (M 7.7). Our geodetic model is well‐corroborated with the geological observations of the wrench fault model of strike‐slip faults. PS‐InSAR results in the northern part of the region between Khadir and Bela Islands show ≤6.0 mm of annual LOS displacement. GPS results indicate ≈ 1.3 to 1.4 ± 0.5 mm/year of fault parallel motion along the transverse Ekal Amrapar Fault (EAF). The non‐significant variation in GRACE‐derived TWS values (from 2009 to 2018) rules out non‐tectonic deformation in the vicinity of EAF and thus points to tectonic activity as the cause of the derived deformation in the region.


The internal state distributions of CO produced by photodissociation of HNCO at 1930 (230.1 nm) and at 10 200 cm−1 (193.3 nm) in excess of the dissociation energy are determined from multiphoton ionization spectra of the CO fragment measured under collision‐free conditions. The rotational state distribution of the CO produced at the lower photolysis energy is characterized by a temperature of (491±23) K. The rotational state distribution of CO produced by photodissociation at the higher photon energy in not well characterized by a temperature. This latter distribution has maximum population near J=37, extends beyond J=65, and accounts for ∼20% of the available energy in excess of that necessary to rupture the HN–CO bond. An impulsive dissociation model assuming that dissociation occurs from an excited HNCO complex containing a nonlinear N–C–O configuration accounts for the average CO rotational excitation while phase‐space theory does not agree with the observed distributions. Fitting a semiclassical mode...


It is shown that, given a Hopfield net, it is NP-hard to count either the number of stable states or the number of states converging to a given stable state. The latter result holds even when the interconnection weights between neurons are restricted to 0 or +or-1. The authors show that the stable state counting problem and the problem of counting states converging to a given stable state in a single parallel update step are both Hash P-complete. A remaining open problem is to show that computing the size of the full attraction domain of a given stable state is also Hash P-complete.<<ETX>>


In theory,macroeconomic cycle is an economic variable to reflect the overall economic activities,and the medium industrial structure is an important intermediary comprising the macroeconomy,therefore,there is an interactive relationship between economic cycle fluctuation and the change of industrial structure.This paper selects data of GDP and industrial structure between 1952 and 2011 in China,uses the Granger causality test and the VAR model to analyze the relationship and the interactive degree between industrial structure and economic cycle fluctuation,and finds that there is a two-way Granger causality relationship between the industrial structure change and the fluctuation of macroeconomic cycle in that the former is an underlying reason causing the latter,and the latter is a significant factor affecting the former.


Bronchoarterial and left gastric arterial drug infusion therapy were carried out in 27 cases of inoperable,advanced esophageal cancer;with DMVC method on squa- mous carcinoma and FAM method on adenocarcinoma.Near future good results were ob- tained by raising the survival rate and life quality.The authors put emphysis on the discus- sion of the indications and theoratic points of interventional therapy.


An upward plane jet, impinging on the free surface of water in a rectangular tank, oscillated Without external oscillation force. The occurrence condition and frequency of this oscillation which we called "jet-flutter" depended on the distance from the jet inlet to the free surface and the jet inlet velocity. We performed experiments varying several geometric conditions of the jet : thickness of the jet, height of inlet from tank bottom and the ratio of length of the jet inlet to the tank width. The dependence of occurrence condition and frequency varied widely with the ratio of length of the jet inlet to the tank width. In particular, when the ratio was 1, i.e., the tank was completely divided by the jet, the frequency corresponded to the natural frequency of the water column in a U-tube which had the same depth as the distance from the jet inlet to the free surface.


Although magic-angle-spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been able to provide piercing atomic-level insights into the structure and dynamics of various solids, the poor sensitivity has limited its widespread application, especially when the sample amount is limited. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of acquiring high S/N ratio natural-abundance 13 C NMR spectrum of a small amount of sample (~2.0 mg) by using multiple-contact cross polarization (MCP) under ultrafast MAS. As shown by our data from pharmaceutical compounds, the signal enhancement achieved depends on the number of CP contacts employed within a single scan, which depends on the T1 of protons. The use of MCP for fast 2D 1 H/ 13 C heteronuclear correlation experiments is also demonstrated. The significant signal enhancement can be greatly beneficial for the atomic-resolution characterization of many types of crystalline solids including polymorphic drugs and nanomaterials. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been playing very important roles by rendering substantial insights into the atomicresolution molecular structures and dynamics of various types of solids including polymers, protein assemblies, bone, amyloid aggregates, and pharmaceutical compounds, However, its poor sensitivity has severely limited the application of this mighty technique. In fact, many exciting applications cannot utilize the benefits of sophisticated multidimensional solid-state NMR techniques. Use of a large sample quantity, longer data collection, modification of the sample to include specific isotopes or dopants, and/or data collection at cryogenic temperatures is mandatory for most solid-state NMR studies. Although a low temperature dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiment can be used to enhance the sensitivity, there are issues with low spectral resolution, structural perturbation due to the inclusion of a polarizing agent, denaturing the sample due to freezing, and expense in carrying out the experiments. There is also considerable interest in developing protondetection based techniques that can fully utilize the high gyromagnetic ratio and abundance of protons. However, in addition to the need for an additional frequency dimension, the resolution of low- nuclei spectrum obtained by proton detection can be compromised due to insufficient chemical shift evolution time in the indirect dimension. Therefore, there is still a need for methods to enhance the sensitivity of NMR experiments that utilize natural-abundance low- nuclei. Heteronuclear cross polarization (CP) has been widely employed in solid-state NMR experiments. Even though CP enhances the signal intensity of low- nuclei by a factor of H/X, the acquisition of natural-abundance C signal is still a challenge when the sample quantity is limited. In the pioneering work by Pines et al., multiple-contact CP (MCP) along with multiple acquisition was suggested to fully utilize the proton magnetization. However, to the best of our knowledge, such a pulse sequence has not been demonstrated to its full potential and is not practical under slow or moderate spinning speeds. On one hand, under moderate spinning speeds, high RF power CW has to be applied in order to spin-lock the proton magnetization as well as to achieve proton decoupling. On the other hand, the use of high-power CW will unavoidably reduce the number of CP contacts and signal acquisitions due to the probe duty cycle and potential sample heating. These problems could be well overcome by using low-power CW decoupling of protons under ultrafast MAS. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of using MCP to significantly enhance the signal intensity of natural-abundance C nuclei under very fast MAS conditions. In addition to comparing the efficiencies of 1D MCP and the well-established ramp-CP experiments, we also demonstrate the use of MCP in 2D H-C heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiments on small amounts of (~2.0 mg) of pharmaceutical compounds. The 1D and 2D radio-frequency (RF) pulse sequences used in this study are shown in Figure 1. For experiments using MCP, as shown in Figure 1a, a double spin-lock with a ramp on the C spin-lock followed by a CW proton decoupling during C signal acquisition is repeated N times. At the end of final C signal acquisition, a H 90° pulse is applied to flip the remaining proton transverse magnetization to the +z axis to accelerate the proton spin-lattice relaxation (T1) process . Significant signal enhancement obtained using MCP at 60 kHz MAS is well demonstrated on a danazol/vanillin cocrystalline sample as shown in Figure 1. The effect of the last flip-back 90° pulse on the H RF channel is demonstrated in Figure S1, where an additional ~22% signal enhancement is achieved. It should be noted that if the H magnetization is decayed to zero after multiple CP contacts, then the final flip-back 90° pulse will have negligible effect on accelerating the T1 relaxation of protons, as there is no residual transverse magnetization to flip back to the +z axis. Details on the sample preparation, NMR experiments, theoretical explanation, and additional 2D H/C HETCOR spectra are given in the Supporting Information. [☆] Dr. R. Zhang, Prof. Dr. A. Ramamoorthy Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Ms. Y. Chen, Prof. Dr. N. Rodriguez-Hornedo Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA Supporting information for this article is given via a link at the end of the document.


The authors have previously produced a set of WWW notes including animations for the teaching of one degree-of-freedom vibration. The success of these notes has resulted in the extension to two degree-of-freedom WWW materials. This paper describes what has been produced and highlights the difficulties encountered because of the increased complexity of the subject matter.


Technology at present needs faster and easier means of controlling equipment with few numbers of components. One of such equipment is the direct current (DC) motor, whose speed is directly proportional to the supply voltage. Using this established relationship between the speed and the supply voltage, this paper investigates the effects of different loads and inputs on the output response of the armature controlled direct current motor. The aim is to establish relationship between the speed of DC motor and the load torque at different voltages as well as investigating the performance of closed-loop systems when different voltages are applied to the armature circuit of the motor when a constant voltage is supplied to the field circuit of the motor. The study was carried out in two stages. The first stage involved mathematical modeling of the system while the second stage centered on the simulation of an armature controlled direct current motor using Simulink environment in MATLAB. The performance analysis of the modeled system shows that usage of feedback enhances the performance of the transient response of the armature controlled DC motor. In addition the result obtained shows that at different input voltages, the speed the DC motor is inversely proportional to the load torque.


The paper simplifies the model of STATCOM, then evaluates its impact of access to power grid based on network equation, in this way, proposes a new kind of index named broad effective short circuit ratio (BESCR) based on effective short circuit ratio (ESCR). This index can be used to evaluate the voltage supporting capability of receiving system of single-infeed HVDC and multi-infeed HVDC under weak coupling with STATCOM. Then, the paper uses the maximum power curve (MPC) to validate the availability of the index, gives the relationship between the index and the maximum available power (MAP), and also puts out the index's threshold for system strength discrimination according to simulation results. The index has certain guidance meaning for location selection of the STATCOM in power grid.


records were linked to identify COVID-19 related outcomes. Logis-tic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) to compare differences in COVID-19 outcomes by diagnosis, controlling for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities. Results: We will report the findings of unadjusted and adjusted analyses, comparing ORs for people with and without SMI, by diagnosis. Findings will be compared between the two datasets, with attention to the demographic and clinical profiles of each sample. We will consider the role of demographic characteristics and comorbidities in attenuating outcomes. Conclusions: Emerging evidence suggests that people with SMI have higher risks of COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation and mor-tality. Based on two large datasets utilising EHRs, we present findings from the UK on COVID-19 outcomes among people with SMI, a country that has been severely affected by COVID-19. Disclosure: No significant relationships.


Frame structure of an electric cutting machine, comprising a main frame, a support frame and a collecting tank, the main frame comprises a first main arm, a second main arm parallel to the first main arm, a support column vertically fixed to the second main arm, from the top of the first spindle, and a main arm extending transversely to support an electric cutting apparatus, comprising a support frame supporting rod downwardly extending from the bottom of the support column and a support bar supported by the arm bottom a second main arm extends obliquely to the collecting cylinder has a collection space to place the support frame and the cooling liquid reservoir.


Companies increasingly view data analytics and associated fields as key to their future competitive strategy, yet the supply of potential employees available to fill these roles is far below needed. While colleges and universities have responded by increasing relevant programs of study, the number of students enrolled in these programs is small by comparison to the number of job openings. In this paper we address the underlying question of how to engage university students at all levels in analytics from the end user who can interpret analytics output, to the data analyst who can utilize sophisticated software to create knowledge from data, to the data scientist who can write computer code and develop software as needed for specialized applications. We are informed by practitioners and learning theories, and we research the underlying traits of an analytics mindset such as intellectual curiosity and relate engagement in analytics to cognitive learning styles. Finally, we use literature on High Impact Practices (HIP) to identify teaching activities in order to engage students in analytics.


The agro-environmental impact of supplemented biochar manure pellet fertilizer (SBMPF) application was evaluated by exploring changes of the chemical properties of paddy water and soil, carbon sequestration, and grain yield during rice cultivation. The treatments consisted of (1) the control (no biochar), (2) pig manure compost pellet (PMCP), (3) biochar manure pellets (BMP) with urea solution heated at 60 °C (BMP-U60), (4) BMP with N, P, and K solutions at room temperature (BMP-NPK), and (5) BMP with urea and K solutions at room temperature (BMP-UK). The NO3−–N and PO4−–P concentrations in the control and PMCP in the paddy water were relatively higher compared to SBMPF applied plots. For paddy soil, NH4+–N concentration in the control was lower compared to the other SBMPFs treatments 41 days after rice transplant. Additionally, it is possible that the SBMPFs could decrease the phosphorus levels in agricultural ecosystems. Also, the highest carbon sequestration was 2.67 tonnes C ha−1 in the BMP-UK treatment, while the lowest was 1.14 tonnes C ha−1 in the BMP-U60 treatment. The grain yields from the SBMPFs treatments except for the BMP-UK were significantly higher than the control. Overall, it appeared that the supplemented BMP-NPK application was one of the best SBMPFs considered with respect to agro-environmental impacts during rice cultivation.


In this article I interrogate what is lost in war and displacement through the affective memories of Palestinian refugee women who remember through their body and what their body has endured. I reflect on how bodies and spaces connect and disconnect at violent junctures, and on the vital forces vulnerability and precariousness ignite in displacement. Throughout the geography of separations and shifting shelters, refugee women engaged in place-making, transforming the transience enforced by their continuous evictions into the permanence of home, not as a static identity-place-nation, but as a site of dynamic affective, social relations and connections. Read through Michael Hardt's metaphor of "social muscles", as bodily and emotional drives that blur the boundaries of intimate and social spaces, affective memories can serve as a political horizon that redesigns, in Arendtian terms, the love for the nation as love for concrete relations and for existing in the world.


[Objective]To study the physical condition of senior intellectuals and administrators in Wuhan and enhance their health - care consciousness. To study the countermeasures in order to improve the physical condition of senior intellectuals and administrators serving in different fields. [Methods]2960 intellectuals and administrators from Wuhan were investigated through physical examination. The difference among patients from various fields was analyzed through the sequence and composition of diseases. [ Results ] Abnormity rate reached 94.80% . Slight difference in the main diseases was found in different fields, but fatty liver, hypertension, hyperlipemia, prostatitis, haemorrhoids, ocular fundus arteriosclerosis, liver and biliary calculus and ulcer are the common diseases with high prevalence rate in all the fields. [ Conclusion ] Chronic diseases such as metabolic disease and cardio and cerebral vessels disease have been the main diseases threatening the health of the senior intellectuals and administrators serving in different fields.


The first uses a unary operation * ("star") on some underlying set of "states" ("worlds," "situations," "set-ups," "cases," whatever). The second definition uses a binary relation I ("perp") on such an underlying set.2 It is the purpose of this paper to show that there is a close connection between these two apparently different treatments. The definition (_-*) is perhaps most famous from the Routley-Meyer semantics for relevance logic (see e.g., Routley and Routley (1972), Routley and Meyer (1973)), though its mathematical essence can be traced to the BialynickiBirula and Rasiowa (1957) representation of De Morgan lattices (cf. Dunn (1966, 1967, 1986).3 The definition (-_I) is perhaps most famous from the Goldblatt (1974) semantics for orthologic, though its most familiar current use is in the Girard (1987) semantics for linear logic. It too has a more ancient history, going back to Birkhoff (1941) in his example of a Galois connection as determined by a "polarity," defined using an arbitrary binary relation. This in turn generalizes the orthogonality operator on closed subspaces of a Hilbert space. K. DoAn (1986) should also be recommended for a treatment of various negations in the neighborhood of the intuitionistic one, but with semantics done in the perp style.4 My main interest in the relationship between the two treatments of negation is motivated by the fact that the perp definition is the one that falls right out of the general "gaggle theoretic" considerations of Dunn (1990) about how to define semantical conditions for n-placed logical operators using n + 1-placed accessibility relations,5 and yet it is often convenient to understand the De


Cercarial dermatitis caused by avian schistosomes larvae is considered an emerging disease. Although no case has so far been reported in human beings in Brazil, these trematodes have already been found in birds, and the potential intermediate hosts (mollusks) are widely distributed in the country. Considering the difficulty of the clinical differential diagnosis with dermatitis caused by Schistosoma mansoni, it is possible that human cases of dermatitis by avian schistosomes are being underdiagnosed. Aspects regarding the identification of transmission foci, the survey of cercariae in aquatic mollusks, symptoms to be verified in clinical examination, treatment, and prophylaxis for the disease are discussed. Efforts to diagnose this dermatitis and to increase the knowledge about the occurrence of these parasites in Brazil are needed.


INTRODUCTION It has been known for many years that particulate matter occurs in the snows of polar regions. As early as 1870, NordenskiBld discovered nickeliron dust on the Greenland ice cap. He referred to this material as Cryoconite (ice dust) and suggested that the metallic particles might be of extraterrestrial origin. More recently studies of similar materials from polar snows were undertaken, as suggested by Nininger (19521, to eliminate obvious sources of terrestrial and industrial contamination of dust samples. During the International Geophysical Year, the first collections of particulates from Antarctic snows were made by Nishibori and Ishizaki (19591, followed by those of Thiel and Schmidt (1961) and Mrkos (1962). This paper describes the results of a study of particulates collected from snows of a regional area of the Antarctic ice cap. Particles were recovered from the meltwater of snow core samples, 7.6 cm. in diameter and 10 m. in length, that were taken a t 11 stations along the route of the Antarctic Peninsula Traverse during the austral summer of 1961 to 1962. The locations of sample sites are shown in FIGURE 1. Entire snow cores were shipped, in special containers that were kept under refrigeration at all times, to our laboratory a t the Geophysical and Polar Research Center. This was done to prevent fragmentation of fragile, glassy particles discovered earlier (Thiel & Schmidt, 1961). While a few snow core sections apparently suffered minor recrystallization during shipment, this did not affect their value for particulate study. Considering the great distances they were transported, all snow samples arrived in remarkably good condition. To guard against contamination of the samples by ordinary room dust or by airborne particles of industrial origin, the entire processing operation was carried out in a dust-free enclosure designed and constructed especially for this project (Schmidt, 1963b). While held under cold storage, the snow core samples were examined and described. They were then cut into sections approximately 25 cm. long. Each section was separately melted and filtered in one continuous operation, employing an adapted Millipore filter apparatus, According to the measured snow accumulation for stations of the Antarctic Peninsula Traverse, each core section represented


Semi-quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring is more challenging in some anatomic regions than others. Bone marrow lesion (BML) is an important scoring feature and may be more closely related to clinical outcomes in arthritis in some anatomic regions than others. The Knee Inflammation MRI Scoring System (KIMRISS) scores BML and synovitis-effusion from fluid-sensitive sagittal MRI[1]. Via web-based interface, readers place ready-made overlays onto scorable portions of each bone, divided into grid squares which are scored dichotomously (yes/no) for presence of BML. The total KIMRISS BML score, which sums positive grid squares on all slices, has been previously shown to have high inter-rater reliability for both status and change.We aimed to evaluate patterns of regional variation in inter-rater reliability for BML across the knee via KIMRISS grid elements. This granular analysis serves as a foundation for further study of the relationship of precise BML location to clinical outcomes.Baseline MRI from 61 patients in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) dataset were scored by 8 trained readers using KIMRISS scoring. Total scores for each of the 28 grid overlay regions (14 femur, 10 tibia, 4 patella) were calculated by adding up positive scores from all scorable MRI slices. We calculated descriptive statistics and interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for all 28 reader pairs, then combined any neighbouring grid locations with ICC <0.5 before recalculating the ICC.The 8-reader mean (SD) BML scores at each scoring location (Table 1) showed that the mean reader pair ICC was very good (>=0.80) or good (0.70-0.80) for 17/28 (61%) of the grid regions (Figure 1). The lowest ICCs occurred at the inferior patella [P4; mean (SD) ICC=0.52 (0.19)], a small interior region of the femur [mean (SD) ICC=0.49 (0.26)], and the two most posterior regions of the tibia [mean (SD) ICC=0.41 (0.26) and 0.31 (0.33)]. Lower reliability was also found in regions of tibia not immediately adjacent to the tibiofemoral joint (ICC range: 0.60-0.67) as well as posterior non-articular regions of the femur (ICC range: 0.59-0.65). Combining the posterior tibial regions scores (T5+T55) slightly improved ICC compared to separate scores [mean (SD) ICC= 0.40 (0.29)].Most individual KIMRISS grid squares were scored with high reliability. Decreased reliability in certain regions may be due to lower incidence of BML or anatomical features that lead to difficulty of interpretation at specific locations. Combining neighbouring regions with lower reliability, such as those at the posterior tibia, may increase reliability if discrepancy arises from assigning a positive score for the same lesion to different grid squares between readers. The patterns of reliability demonstrated here support further study of the impact of precise BML location status scores on clinical outcomes.[1]Jaremko JL, Jeffery D, Buller M, et alPreliminary validation of the Knee Inflammation MRI Scoring System (KIMRISS) for grading bone marrow lesions in osteoarthritis of the knee: data from the Osteoarthritis InitiativeRMD Open2017;3:e000355. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2016-000355Figure 1.KIMRISS grid region labels with 8-reader mean ICC from baseline knee MRIs from the Osteoarthritis Initiative dataset (n=61).Table 1.8-reader mean (SD) BML score at each KIMRISS grid region (colour coded according to ICC in Fig 1.)PatellaFemurTibiaRegionMean (SD)RegionMean (SD)RegionMean (SD)P12.0 (2.5)TrochlearFT11.8 (2.7)Subchondral RegionT11.6 (2.8)P22.5 (2.6)FT20.6 (2.0)T21.8 (3.0)P31.9 (2.3)FT32.6 (3.0)T31.9 (3.1)P40.6 (1.1)FT40.8 (2.1)T41.4 (2.5)Weight-bearingFC11.3 (2.2)T50.5 (1.0)FC20.6 (1.9)Below Subchondral RegionT110.6 (1.7)FC30.8 (2.0)T220.8 (1.9)FC40.3 (1.4)T330.8 (1.8)FC50.5 (1.6)T440.6 (1.5)FC60.2 (0.8)T550.2 (0.6)PosteriorFP10.4 (0.9)FP20.2 (0.7)FP30.2 (0.6)FP40.1 (0.5)NIL.Stephanie Wichuk: None declared, Paul Bird Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Iris Eshed: None declared, Robert G Lambert Consultant of: Calyx, CARE Arthritis, Image Analysis Group (IAG), Walter P Maksymowych Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Andrew McReynolds: None declared, Susanne Juhl Pedersen Speakers bureau: MSD, Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB, Novartis, Consultant of: AbbVie, UCB, Novartis, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, MSD, and Novartis, Ulrich Weber: None declared, Joel Paschke: None declared, Jacob L Jaremko: None declared.


An antenna system (10) comprises a transmitter part (12), comprising the n input (40.1 to 40.n) antenna system; a transmitter antenna array 18 members, including k radiating elements; respective beam forming network ( 20.1 to 20 .N), connected to each of the n, each input beam forming network having a plurality of output; and k signal combiners (22.1 through 22.k), each having a plurality of inputs and a corresponding Output. Each output of each of the beam forming network are connected to each respective input of the signal combiner; output of each signal combiner k are connected to radiating elements via a respective output stage. Network transmitter is configured such that each input member is associated with respective transmitter beam members (24.1 to 24. n) have respective beam forming beam width.


A self-organizing neural network model that computes the smallest circle (also called minimum spanning circle) enclosing a finite set of given points was proposed by Datta.3 In the article,3 the algorithm is stated and it is demonstrated by simulation that the center of the smallest circle can be achieved with a given level of accuracy. No rigorous proof was given in support of the simulation results. In this paper, we make a rigorous analysis of the model and mathematically prove that the model converges to the desired center of the minimum spanning circle. A suitable neural network architecture is also designed for parallel implementation of the proposed model. Time complexity of the algorithm is worked out under the proposed architecture. Extension of the proposed model to higher dimensions is discussed and demonstrated with some applications.


Prospective teachers show weak capacity in teaching supervision in teaching practice. The most important reason is lack of teaching strategies and teaching techniques to train prospective teachers. Colleges need to think about how to construct a diversified practice space to train prospective teachers' effective teaching and learning strategies and skills,then open the way for prospective teachers to upgrade their teaching controi ability.


A critical point of the most cognitive info-communication systems is the state of the development of speech recognition technology. The paper gives a short introduction of the principles of this speech recognition technology today. It highlights the fact that these systems in the market are only speech-to-text transformers giving only a word chain at the output, where the speech prosody, speech emotion, speech style and more other information are not involved. Many uncertainties exist in this operational system. Some up to date research tendencies, mostly the parallel processing are introduced aiming to increase the efficiencies of the recognition. At the end, research agenda of META NET are shortly introduced for Multilingual Europe in 2020.


This thesis contains results of 8 years of clinical research performed to improve the treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis. The first part of this thesis focusses on diagnostics and the prevention of complications. The applicability of the revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis and the expert panel, implemented by the Dutch Pancreatitis Study Group, are assessed. This panel is 24/7 available, provides free treatment counseling within 24 hours and is considered valuable by the consulted physicians. In addition, this thesis describes the natural course of collections and the development of gas in these collections over time. In contrast to previous opinions, most of the collections were already encapsulated 3 weeks after admission and only 50% of the patients actually developed gas in the collection. Furthermore, the results of the PYTHON trial show that early feeding of patients with predicted severe pancreatitis does not reduce the combined end point of infections and mortality. In the second part of this thesis, the research aims to improve treatment and outcome of severe acute pancreatitis. A surgical step-up approach with drainage as first step of treatment is the general treatment standard for this group of patients. This thesis confirms, within the largest international cohort of patients, that a minimally invasive step-up treatment indeed reduces the number of complications and mortality compared to traditionally open necrosectomy. Finally, this thesis shows that an endoscopic step-up treatment is safe, feasible and comparable to the 'current standard' minimally invasive step-up surgery.


The wireless electric power transmission is a new kind of technology,which transmits the electric power through the carriers of electromagnetism coupling,radio frequency microwave,laser,etc.This technology removes the dependency on the wires,and provides more convenient and broad applications.The artilce gives some introduction on the development history,fundamental mechanism,and research status of wireless electric power transmission,and makes some discussion on the probable future applications.


By immobilizing a mixture of a palladium-guanidine complex and guanidine on the mesoporous cage-like material SBA-16 via a one-pot silylation, we have successfully prepared a new solid catalyst for Suzuki coupling and the aerobic oxidation of alcohols. The structure and composition of the solid catalyst were characterized with N2 sorption, XRD, TEM, FT-IR and solid state NMR. The coordination state of the palladium-guanidine complex supported on the solid catalyst was preliminarily investigated with XPS and UV-vis spectroscopy. This catalyst afforded fast conversions for the Suzuki coupling of various aryl bromides and arylboronic acids in a 50% aqueous ethanol solution at 50 °C even at loadings of 0.01–0.001 mol%, and the TOF (turn-over frequency) for the Suzuki coupling of bromobenzene and arylboronic acids could be up to 45 700 h−1 under mild conditions. A satisfactory yield was obtained even after the catalyst was reused several times. The developed solid catalyst combined with the mild conditions investigated represents one of the most efficient heterogeneous systems for the Suzuki coupling of bromides. Furthermore, it was found that the solid catalyst could also work well for the aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols and cinnamyl alcohol, affording over 99% selectivity. The catalyst could be reused 15 times without a significant decrease in activity and selectivity.


Erysiphe is the largest genus of powdery mildews (PMs), a group of obligate plant pathogenic fungi. Exploration of biodiversity generally relies on regional surveys and our aim is to investigate the PMs in Taiwan. Collections of the fungi on five plant species around agricultural environments were subjected to morphological and molecular characterization, using both internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin gene (TUB2) regions for the phylogenetic analyses. Erysipheipomoeae comb. nov., a species able to infect Ipomoea obscura and I. aquatica demonstrated by pathogenicity tests, has been neotypified. The two buckwheat species, Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum, are found to be hosts of E. aff. betae. These results suggest that hosts in some plant families can be infected by more than one Erysiphe pathogen, e.g., Convolvulaceae by E. ipomoeae and E. convolvuli and Polygonaceae by E. polygoni and E. aff. betae, respectively. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of PMs on Cardiospermum halicacabum and tomato belonging to the E. aquilegiae complex are allocated under E. neolycopersici comb. nov. This extends the potential host range of E. aquilegiae complex to the plant family Sapindaceae. We conclude that awareness of the host associations of PMs can potentially benefit crop disease management.


The invention discloses a three-in-one antenna device of a cell phone. The three-in-one antenna device of the cell phone comprises a three-in-one antenna, an antenna matching unit and a radio frequency unit; the radio frequency unit further comprises a dual-band diplexer, a BT/WIFI (Bluetooth/wireless fidelity) radio frequency circuit and a GPS (global positioning system) radio frequency circuit; the BT/WIFI radio frequency circuit and the GPS radio frequency circuit are connected with the antenna matching unit and the three-in-one antenna in sequence through the dual-band diplexer; the dual-band diplexer is used for sending the GPS signal and the BT/WIFI signal received by the three-in-one antenna respectively to the GPS radio frequency circuit and the BT/WIFI radio frequency circuit, so that the GPS signal can be processed by the GPS radio frequency circuit, and the BT/WIFI radio frequency signal can be processed by the BT/WIFI radio frequency circuit; the BT/WIFI radio frequency circuit is used for outputting the BT signal and the WIFI signal which are transmitted to the three-in-one antenna by the dual-band diplexer to be emitted; and a GPS antenna, a WIFI antenna and a BT antenna can be designed on the same antenna, which can send and receive the WIFI signal and the BT signal and receive the GPS signal, so that space occupied by a plurality of antennas can be reduced, the utilization rate of the space of the cell phone can be increased, and the cell phone can be miniaturized.


Today most software projects make use of version control systems in order to divide work among many people working on the same project and still being able to glue it together to a whole. In this project we have looked further into the different systems available and observed some cases where most systems do either something wrong, something that could be a lot simpler, or forces the user to intervene in cases where it should not be necessary causing extra work for the user. A prototype has been implemented that has some of the regular features that one expects to find in a version control system as well as avoiding most of the faults found in existing system. {widmanbo,firstname.lastname@example.com Petter Borjesson, Anders Karlsson FoCAL Project A conflict free version control system 3 of 24


The conidia of a plant pathogen (Drechslera monoceras[Drechsler] Subram. et Jain [= Exserohilum monoceras[Drechsler] Leonard et Suggs]), MTB-951, which was isolated from native Echinochloa species in Japan, were used as the herbicidal active ingredient. The effects of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the efficacy of foliar-applied MTB-951 on Echinochloa crus-galli L. were examined. First, foliar-applied MTB-951 exhibited almost no efficacy when no dew period was provided. However, the efficacy increased depending on the length of the dew period. MTB-951 and ALA exhibited an additive effect on E. crus-galli under 3 day dew conditions, although they exhibited a significant synergistic effect under no-dew conditions. When the leaves of E. crus-galli were immersed in deionized water containing the conidia of MTB-951, cellular electrolyte leakage from the leaves was observed. The ALA increased the electrolyte leakage by MTB-951 synergistically. Also, ALA increased the number of lesions on the leaves of E. crus-galli caused by MTB-951 under light conditions but failed to increase the number under dark conditions. These results suggest that ALA promotes infection with MTB-951 for E. crus-galli through its photodynamic action.


Abstract Aptamers are short single-stranded nucleotides (or peptide) folded into particular three-dimensional structure which can bind to their targets with high specificity and affinity. Small size, inexpensive and rapid production process, low immunogenicity and high stability, made them very attractive biomolecules in some investigational fields especially in planning of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this review, we have described the process of nucleic acid aptamers development, advantages and disadvantages of aptamers compared to antibodies, and potential applications of these new agents in medicine. Limitations of aptamers and existing answers to overcome this limitations has also been discussed.


Turner syndrome, a chromosomal disorder affecting approximately 1 in 2,500 live female births, is associated with anomalies in a number of areas that are normally of interest to psychologists. There is evidence that girls with Turner syndrome show particular kinds of deficits in cognitive functioning, and that these vary with karyotype. There is also evidence that the psychosocial functioning of these girls is often impaired and disrupted; research has pointed to a number of factors, related to the physical sequelae of the syndrome and to deficits in other areas, that impact on functioning in this area. The value such research has for understanding the connection between genetic make-up and human psychological functioning in general is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the issue of psychosocial development among these girls, and the kinds of influences, related to the syndrome itself and to the family's response to it, that are implicated in developments in this broad area. Finally, some issues f...


(22) Filed: Jun. 19, 2007 A method for detection of mechanical defects in a semicon ductor ingot section which has at least one planar Surface, and a thickness at right angles to this surface of 1 cm to 100 cm, involves scanning the planar Surface by at least one ultrasound head which is coupled via a liquid coupling medium to the planar Surface and, at each measurement point (x,y) producing at least one ultrasound pulse which is directed at the planar Surface of the ingot section, recording the ultrasound-pulse echo as a function of time. Such that an echo from the planar Surface, an echo from a surface opposite the planar Surface, and further echoes are detected, with the positions (x, y, z) of mechanical defects in the ingot section being determined from the further echoes.


UNSTRUCTURED
 Abstract
Digital electronic patient reported outcome (ePRO) systems for symptom monitoring in cancer patients demonstrated evidence of quality of life and survival benefit in controlled trials. They are beginning to be used in routine oncology practice. Many software editors provide solutions to clinicians but how can clinician choose it? We propose a synthesis of the main questions about effectiveness, safety and functionality of ePRO system that may ask clinician to software providers to be helped in selecting a software in order to obtain the best value of these tools for their patients and their practice.


Our goal was to investigate the role of body mass index (BMI) and motor competence (MC) in children's physical activity (PA) levels during physical education (PE) classes. We assessed PA levels of 5-to-10-year old children (n = 264) with pedometers in four PE classes. MC was assessed using the TGMD-2 and BMI values were classified according to CDC guidelines. We found small-to-moderate positive correlations between MC and PA; BMI was not significantly correlated with MC and PA. The linear regression model indicated that overall MC was a better predictor of PA than BMI. Our results suggest that children with higher MC find a way to be more active even in a structured setting such as a PE class. Our findings draw attention to the importance of promoting MC, especially for children with high BMI.


Objective: To evaluate the changes of angina and electrocardiograph in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) treated with tirofiban. Method:Sevety-eight patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive tirofiban plus heparin or heparin alone for 2.0- 4.5 days. Observe the changes of angina and electrocardiograph during medication.Result:Frequencies of angina reduced more in tirofiban group than in control (P 0.05), and the continous longest time of angina was shortened 30.5% in tirofiban group. The recovery of electrocardiographic ST-segment was significantly greater in tirofiban group than placebo.Conclution: Tirofiban can further relieve angina and improve electrocardiograph in ACS patients treated with standard medicine.


The Desktop Grid offers solutions to overcome several challenges and to answer increasingly needs of scientific computing. This technology consists mainly in exploiting PC resources, geographically dispersed, to treat time consuming applications and/or important storage capacity requiring applications. However, as resources number increases, the need for scalability, self-organisation, dynamic reconfiguration, decentralization and performance becomes more and more essential. In this context, this paper evaluates the scalability and performance of P2P tools for registering and discovering services (Publish/Subscribe systems). Three protocols are used in this purpose: Bonjour, Avahi and Pastry. We have studied the behaviour of these protocols related to two criteria: the elapsed time for registrations services and the needed time to discover new services.


Flexible energy usage is an important property of many loads. Power systems can achieve better social welfare from their flexibility. Besides, flexible loads are also a choice to offset the fluctuation in the power system from renewable energy, e.g. wind and solar. Since they are affected by enormous uncertain factors, it is still a challenge to predicate their power outputs accurately especially when the prediction executes several hours earlier. For example, the wind prediction at one day ahead may be far away from the real-time measurement. This prediction error can be counteracted by changing the schedules of flexible loads in real-time scheduling. Electricity market is a promising platform to coordinate the schedules of wind and flexible loads through financial tools. That is, flexible loads can receive incentive by providing flexibility to renewable resources under market rules, and renewable resources will hedge their prediction error by this flexibility. We outline a multi-settlement electricity market architecture to enable flexibility trading and propose a mechanism to mitigate the volatility risk by using energy options and financial rights under the proposed architecture. A trading sample and an IEEE benchmark system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hedging mechanism.


Ischnosoma bergrothi was collected from Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. This species was originally described by M(?)klin (1846) from Finland and was new to China. The species was redescribed and male diagnostic characters were illustrated.


Perianal fistulas are common and cause significant quality of life impairment in patients (pts) with Crohn's disease (CD). In previous phase 2/3 studies, ustekinumab (UST) showed some evidence of efficacy on fistula resolution, with no clear dose-response relationship. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the role of UST in perianal fistula treatment. Here, we report fistula data from two recent studies of UST in CD, SEAVUE and STARDUST.

 In SEAVUE, biologic-naïve pts with moderate-to-severe CD were randomized to receive blinded UST (⁓6mg/kg IV at baseline then 90mg SC q8w) or adalimumab (ADA; 160/80mg SC at baseline/W2, then 40mg SC q2w). In STARDUST, biologic-naïve and biologic-failure pts with moderate-to-severe CD received open-label UST ⁓6mg/kg IV at baseline and UST 90mg SC at W8. At W16, pts were randomized to maintenance treatment under standard of care (90mg SC q12w or q8w) or treat-to-target (90mg SC q12w or q8w with potential adjustment to q4w) regimens. In both trials, the number of open and draining perianal fistulas was evaluated at baseline and the end of maintenance (SEAVUE W52, STARDUST W48). Fistula resolution was defined as closure of all fistulas. Pts with missing data at W52/W48 were considered to not have been in fistula resolution. In SEAVUE, pts who had a prohibited CD-related surgery, discontinued for lack of efficacy or an adverse event of worsening CD, or had prohibited concomitant medication changes before W52 were considered not to be in fistula resolution.

 In SEAVUE, 7 of 13 pts (53.8%) with active perianal fistulas at baseline in the UST group had complete fistula resolution at W52, and 6 of 16 patients (37.5%) in the ADA group had fistula resolution. In STARDUST, 9 of 19 pts (47.4%) with active perianal fistulas at baseline had complete fistula resolution at W48. Of the 9 pts in fistula resolution, 2 were receiving q12w at W48, 6 were receiving q8w, and 1 was receiving q4w. Of the 10 pts without fistula resolution, 2 were receiving q12w at W48, 3 were receiving q8w, 1 was receiving q4w and 4 discontinued before W48. In both studies, among pts with evaluable samples for pharmacokinetic analysis, fistula closure at W52/48 was not associated with higher serum drug concentrations at either the early time point of W16 or at the end of maintenance (Figure). This result was consistent for UST in both studies as well as ADA in SEAVUE.

 Of pts with perianal fistulas at baseline in SEAVUE and STARDUST who received UST (32 pts in total), half were in fistula resolution after ~1 year of maintenance treatment. No relationship was observed between fistula resolution and serum drug concentrations, but no definite conclusions can be drawn given the relatively small sample size.


The purpose of this article is to examine the determinants that affect the decision of food firms to produce private label products. In the first part, the authors analyse the dynamics of the diffusion of private labels: three stages of development are identified, and the basic hypothesis is that large firms get involved in the production of private labels only after the introductory phase. In the second part this hypothesis is tested using cross-sectional data for a sample of Italian firms: even if the market share of private labels in Italy is still relatively low, the results confirm that larger firms show a higher willingness to produce private labels in industries where their diffusion is in a more advanced stage. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The two interactive software packages, which we called ASTRONOMIA 1 and ASTRONOMIA 2 (in the following Al and A2) and developed for a personal computer under MS-DOS, are primarily intended to be used in junior-high and high schools as tools for teaching astronomy. With the help of these programs and using the sky as a laboratory, the teacher can explain the most difficult parts of the astronomical geography: time and coordinates. Very few schools in Italy own the necessary educational tools such as a small planetarium, a sidereal clock, an oriented celestial sphere, etc. We tried to exploit the capability of a personal computer to visualize and to present the results of a calculation as diagrams and tables. A limited interaction permitted by the programs allows the user to compare the results with other computations. All the programs are written in such a way that it is difficult to make a mistake when entering data. The programs were first assembled and tested by us, then presented to the students and teachers to be evaluated and criticized. We obtained from them suggestions, advice, and, generally good reviews. Obviously, this special kind of reviewers had good backgrounds in astronomy in order to evaluate the programs completely. A small booklet containing a description of the programs and a few worked-out exercises is available for both packages.


Waveform generators are required for a wide range of application including industrial and biomedical areas. Traditionally, these systems usually aimed at generating high frequency signals but with low amplitude levels, making them unfeasible for large-signal real operation analysis. Advances in wide bandgap semiconductors together with digital control enables the design of new systems. This paper presents the design of a 2000-V versatile large-signal high-frequency arbitrary waveform generator taking advantage of GaN devices. The proposed system has been designed and implemented, proving the feasibility of this proposal.


In long-haul transmission systems, optical transmission characteristics are degraded by four-wave mixing (FWM) generated in optical fibers. This paper presents a new approach to reduce the four wave mixing crosstalk based on polarization interleaving is presented. The FWM behavior and the performance of WDM systems were analyzed using the proposed technique. The simulation was performed using different power values with 100 GHz channel spacing, and at a data rate of 60Gb\s. It was found that the FWM power was drastically reduced to -64 dBm when the polarization technique was used. In addition, the WDM system performance showed that at the sixth channel (192 THz), the suggested approach incurred a BER of 4.86×10-21, in comparison with the absence of the approach where the BER was 4.3×10-10 at the same received power. The results prove that the proposed system is superior in mitigating FWM crosstalk.


The computer-services and software industry used to be conveniently divided into three main sectors: mass-market software vendors, enterprise software vendors, and computer services. The three sectors were distinct, because personal computers, corporate mainframes, and online computer networks operated in relative isolation. The arrival of the Internet effectively connected everything, facilitating the entry of mass-market vendors into enterprise software and of both mass-market and enterprise software vendors into computer services. As the turbulence of the first decade of the Internet era subsides, a gradual transition from traditional software products to "Web services" is taking place.


Objective To assess the pregnancy outcomes of interventions aimed at post 41weeks of gestation. Methods Retrospectively studied the outcomes , fetal and maternal complications of total 228 cases beyond 41weeks gestation from May 2001 to May 2003 between induced labor group 108 cases and expected group 120 cases. Results There were no statistically differences in modes of delivery and fetal and maternal complications between the induced labor group and expected group but there were low vaginal birth, prolonged labor , non-improve for fetal in induced labor group. there were 0.8% prolonged pregnancy occurrence.Conclusion We suggest expectant management scheme for onset of labor under fetal heart rate monitoring and ultrasound examination for pregnancy≥41 weeks. And that induction ofr labor should be considered in abnormal index.


Dual Enrollment partnerships between high schools and universities are not unusual. The Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) dual enrollment initiative between Kent State University-Tuscarawas and eleven high schools is not only unique in its objectives but also in its delivery method. In conjunction with the Dual Enrollment initiative, we have also implemented a Cyber Club which includes the same eleven high schools and the Women in Engineering seminar. The Cyber Club reaches students on a daily basis in their high schools and the Women in Engineering seminar focuses on bringing more young women into a STEM related field. The result has been an outstanding response and success rate that can be emulated in educational institutions across the country.


Since the 1940s the techniques of mixing indices have been used to determine the level of homogeneity in solid mixtures. At present, many mixing indices have been proposed to measure the evolution of the homogeneity of mixture. This paper presents observation the analysis of variance six of these mixing indices. The study is based on the comparison of experimental data obtained on mixing a binary polymer mixtures using bubbling fluidised bed. Experimental results are discussed and compared with values obtained for various gas velocity and bed depth. However, variance mixing indices proposed in the literature give different results for the determination of mixing indices. The results obtained show that gas velocity and bed depth are important parameters influencing solid mixing in a bubbling fluidised bed. Whilst it was obtained the Lacey mixing index is the best efficient compared with others.


The European Union has been pursuing the policy aimed at achieving equality between women and men for a long time. The adoption of the Law "On Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men" is an important step forward. However, the aspects of the control of compliance with the legislation in the field of gender policy remain poorly advanced and need to be adapted following the experience of developed European countries. The aim of this article was to outline the legislative mechanism for ensuring equal rights and opportunities for women and men, and to compare it with European legislative experience and practice. During the research, the methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction and comparative analysis were used. As a result of the research, the mechanism for ensuring equal rights and opportunities in Ukraine was determined; the bodies, institutions and organizations empowered in the specified area were described along with the main aspects of gender equality legislation in Ukraine. It is concluded that government officials can use the results obtained during the research to improve some legislative aspects of control over gender policy implementation.


Management of Crohn's disease (CD) during COVID-19 is challenging when colonoscopy is not feasible. This study describes a blood-based test that has been validated against colonoscopy in patients with CD as an alternative even in patients with high inflammation from infections.


The overall photoelectro-Fenton (PE-Fenton) process for water treatment with neutral initial pH includes three steps of pH reduction, PE-Fenton reaction, and pH elevation. Reaction-controlled pH adjustment (RCpA), which utilizes the intrinsic electrochemical reactions instead of chemical addition, has been employed to lower the pH, maintain the lowered pH for the Fenton reaction, and recover the pH for final effluent discharge. This study demonstrated that the overall efficiency of this sustainable PE-Fenton process was improved by rapidly recycling the iron substance. Nanosized iron oxide was prepared and employed to ensure such rapid recycling. SEM and XRD results showed that the as-prepared iron oxide was α-FeOOH with 20 nm in size. The experimental results of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) degradation showed that diatomite-supported α-FeOOH (N-α-FeOOH/diatomite) could efficiently reduce the DMP concentration and total organic carbon. Furthermore, compared with Fe3


Objective:To evaluate the present situation of occupation disease harm in a coal power plant and its control effect,and to put forward the prevention and control measures.Methods: The labor hygiene investigation was made in a power plant and such harmful things produced in the process of production were determined as dust,niose,NH3,NaOH,CO,NO,NO2,etc.Results: Noise and dust in some workplace exceed hygienic standards,chemical hazardous agents concentration accord with hygienic standards.Conclusion: The prevention and control of the occupational disease in coal power plant should focus on the noise and dust,cleaning is the important post in dust control.Protective and control measures should be taken on occupational hygiene,and the workers health should also be feasibly protected.


Identifying informal settlements might be one of the most challenging tasks within urban remote sensing in developing countries. Despite several studies, the task of identifying informal settlements remains a challenge. Formal settlements are mapped sufficiently with distinct features, however this does not hold for informal settlements because of their microstructure and instability of shape, the detection of these settlements is substantially more challenging. Therefore, more advanced multi-scale methods of image analysis are necessary, which act as a spatial basis for informal settlement identification. This paper proposes a texture based scheme using contourlet based multiresolution method to capture anisotropic features for informal settlement area identification. The approach consists of three main steps: identifying area of interest, extraction of the most discriminative texture features and creation of a classifier that automatically identifies the informal settlements. The algorithm is extensively tested and results are compared with wavelet based and grey level co-occurrence based standard texture classification methods. A comparative analysis is carried out using minimum distance to mean in transformed feature space. The performance is evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision and overall accuracy. It is found that the proposed method shows better class-discriminating power as compared to existing methods and overall classification accuracy of 93–96%.


Introduction: The thoracic ultrasonography (USG) is complementary to other imaging methods and is indicated in pleural, pulmonary and mediastinals pathologies. It serves also as guide of invasive procedures as thoracentesis and transthoracic biopsy (PTT). Let's sense beforehand this series of patients with pulmonary and mediastinals tumours which PTT guided by USG was practised. Patients and methods: PTT was practised 30 patients who were presenting thoracic lesions visible to the ultrasound. Eighteen (60%) was men; the age changed between 21 and 84 years. Eighteen (60%) was right and 11 (36.6 %) ambulatory. Results: In 90% of cases histological diagnosis was established, predominating over the malignancy (56.6%). There was a serious complication, a pneumothorax. Discussion: The USG is an inestimable tool for the pulmonologist. His utilization and managing are simple to dominate with the practice. We initiate approaching the pleural effusions and we acquire experience up to fulfi lling PTT in thoracic tumours. Result is comparable to other series. It urges the interventional pulmonologists to familiarize with this method.


Peripheral neuropathy associated with anesthesia is the second most frequent cause of professional liability in anesthetic practice. A relatively frequent complication involving the peripheral nervous system is stretchinduced neuropathy of the brachial plexus and median nerve. Various guidelines are recommended for positioning the upper quadrant to avoid neural complications. Because the positions considered dangerous are similar to those of the brachial plexus tension test (BPTT), investigators examined the impact of different components of the BPTT on the upper quadrant nervous system. Study participants were 25 young men with no history of cervicobrachial pain, orthopedic injuries, or diseases associated with neuropathy. All had full range of motion of the cervical spine and upper limb joint. Four variations of the BPTT in three shoulder positions were performed to evaluate the effect of arm and neck positions on the peripheral nervous system. In all variations, the starting position was painand symptom-free. Tests were stopped when submaximal discomfort was elicited or when full range of elbow extension was reached. The available range of motion was markedly reduced by cervical contralateral flexion, wrist extension, and lateral rotation of the shoulder and fixation of the shoulder girdle in a neutral position in combination with shoulder abduction. The degree of discomfort experienced when the elbow was extended suggested that elbow extension also challenged the nervous system. Simultaneous application of different components of the BPTT had a cumulative impact. There were large interindividual differences in effects of the various maneuvers. To protect the peripheral nervous system in the supine position, shoulder abduction and lateral rotation should be kept to a minimum and never combined with the use of shoulder braces. Wrist and elbow extension should be avoided whenever possible, and the head should remain in the midline position with the arm kept at the side.


Distribution of platelets in the various organs after massive transfusions of preserved blood was investigated by the injection of P(32) labeled platelets. Higher activities were found in the liver and the spleen in case of injecting P(32) labeled platelets alone, but found in the lung and the bone marrow in case of massive blood transfusions following injection of P(32) labeled platelets. Therefore, it was guessed that remakable decrease of platelets count in the peripheral blood was caused by changing in distribution of platelets in organs, in addition to dilution with infused blood.


We give a pedagogical introduction to the study of supersymmetric partition functions of 3D [Formula: see text] supersymmetric Chern–Simons-matter theories (with an [Formula: see text]-symmetry) on half-BPS closed three-manifolds — including [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and any Seifert three-manifold. Three-dimensional gauge theories can flow to nontrivial fixed points in the infrared. In the presence of 3D [Formula: see text] supersymmetry, many exact results are known about the strongly-coupled infrared, due in good part to powerful localization techniques. We review some of these techniques and emphasize some more recent developments, which provide a simple and comprehensive formalism for the exact computation of half-BPS observables on closed three-manifolds (partition functions and correlation functions of line operators). Along the way, we also review simple examples of 3D infrared dualities. The computation of supersymmetric partition functions provides exceedingly precise tests of these dualities.


Since lifelong education was introduced into our country in the 1990 s,it is gradually showing a development trend:from spreading the lifelong education concept to the arrangement of lifelong education system,from a passive lifelong education to an active lifelong learning,and from a self-contained lifelong education system to a three-dimensional network development trend.Governments at all levels in China made an active exploration on constructing a lifelong education system,an overall goal of a learning society and strategic decisions from its concept to operation. In terms of the practice of Jiangsu province,the top-level design policy has been in place; the system construction has achieved initial success; the development of reform deepening is speeding up.


Cyclosporine, a cyclic polypeptide with potent immunosuppressive properties, 1 has been successfully used to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs such as kidneys, livers, hearts, and bone marrow. 2–5 It is highly lipophilic and is eliminated primarily by metabolism in the liver. 6 Recent studies in transplant patients indicate cyclosporine to be a low-to-intermediate clearance drug. We had a unique opportunity to directly determine the hepatic extraction ratio of this drug in a pediatric liver transplant recipient. The patient was a 4-year-old male who underwent liver transplantation for α1-antitrypsin deficiency. Subsequent to his first transplantation, he progressed well until 1 month following surgery when he developed hepatic artery thrombosis. He received a second liver 53 d after the first transplant. On the day prior to the second transplant, the liver function tests were as follows: alkaline phosphatase, 63 IU/L; serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), 654 IU/L; serum glutamic pyruvic transamine (SGPT), 273 IU/L; bilirubin (total), 1.0 mg/dL; bilirubin (direct), 0.2 mg/dL. This indicated that the patient did not have a normally functioning liver. The patient did not receive any drugs known to induce or inhibit the drug-metabolizing enzyme systems of the liver at any time prior to the second transplant. At the time of the study, the patient received cyclosporine and a low dose of prednisolone as immunosuppressants, captopril for the treatment of hypertension, and systemic antibiotics. Prior to the operation, 30 mg im of secobarbital was administered. Just prior to the removal of the first transplanted liver, simultaneous blood samples were obtained from the hepatic and portal veins. Blood samples were kept frozen until analyzed for whole blood cyclosporine concentration by HPLC. The blood was extracted using the procedure of Sawchuck and Cartier. 7 Samples were analyzed using a 5-μm C18 , column (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA) heated to 70°C and UV detection (model 441; Waters Associates, Milford, MA) at 214 nm. Standards were prepared in blank blood, and the internal standard was cyclosporine D (Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, Basel, Switzerland). The mobile phase was 68% acetonitrile, delivered at 1.8 mL/min. Under these conditions, the retention time for cyc1osporine was 9.8 min and that for cyclosporine D was 12.8 min. The CV of the analytical method was 3.95% at 600 ng/mL (n = 10). The concentration of cyc1osporine in the portal vein (PV) was 596 ng/mL, whereas the hepatic vein (HV) concentration was 500 ng/mL. The hepatic extraction ratio was: In this patient, the first transplanted liver was 740 g in weight. The hepatic blood flow in humans is 100 mL/100 g of liver weight. 8 Therefore, based on an estimated blood flow of


Crowdsourcing platforms support the assignment of jobs to help requesters in their project completion and allow workers to earn money. Most crowdsourcing platforms apply simple schemes in order to filter the tasks a worker can choose from or rely on the workers' search capabilities. Using genuine task recommendation within such crowdsourcing platforms opens promising opportunities. Such recommendation schemes will only be effective if the workers are confident that they are used towards their own good. In order to gain insights on what kind of recommendations the workers would expect and accept, this work provides an empirical study about the demands of the workers.


Introduction Indigenous Peoples Trade, Slavery, and Colonialism The Ecology of Ainu Autonomy and Dependence Hawaii Under Non-Hawaiian Rule Colonising Knowledges Extract from A Little Matter of Genocide: Holocaust and Denial in the Americas 1492 to the Present Settling In: Epidemics and Conquest to the End of the First Century Confronting Australian Genocide "Killing the Indian in the Child": Four Centuries of Church-Run Schools The Guarani: The Economics of Ethnocide The West and the Rest: Discourse and Power Paths Toward a Mohawk Nation: Narratives of Citizenship and Nationhood in Kahnawake The Criminalisation of Indigenous People The Indians Are Coming to an End: The Myth of Native Desolation "We Must Farm to Enable Us to Live": The Plains Cree and Agriculture to 1900 Imagining Civilisation on the Frontiers of Aboriginality Saami and Norwegians: Symbols of Peoplehood and Nationhood The New Politics of Resistance Politics within the Metis Association of Alberta "Sovereignty" -- An Inappropriate Concept Indigeneity at the Edge: Towards a Constructive Engagement.


The internet has grown rapidly and become the needs of the community in doing activity in various fields. One of them is the financial sector or bank.  Banks as one of the areas that are close to the community must be able to provide customer satisfaction in providing quality services. The implementation of electronic banking services (e-banking)-quality is one of the keys to the banks to gather customers' funds. One of the e-banking services is the mobile banking is used exclusively in the cell phones to the efficiency of the customer in doing transaction.  In order to view the customer response to the performance of the mobile banking facility, review  to the client according to the application for six months was investigasted. The Data reviews was taken from the Google Play. The review was analyzed using Sentiment analysis which is the process for classifying opinions into the category of positive or negative signals. This classification is then analyzed by using text mining with the Association of the words. The result are an important and useful information for the company. The method used in this classification is Naïve Bayes Classifer (NBC). The level of accuracy using the NBC is 89.41%. The accuracy showed that the classification by the system has been good.


[ANGLES] Video streaming is becoming more and more popular in society, both live and on demand video. Some big companies have designed their own standards for video streaming over HTTP. In this project, we study the standard from MPEG, which is open source, called MPEG-DASH. One of the key features of the streaming of video over HTTP is the adaptation to the network. In this project we will go deep on this, testing how big is the impact of the adaptation and designing an algorithm that adapts the streaming to the network conditions.


Locks of love or mourning jewellery often containing woven human hair were worn as a personal memorial to a loved one that became popular in the late Victorian era.


Keywords: Water Impact; Data assessment; Filtering; Cutoff frequency; Low-pass filter. Abstract: The paper presents a practical data processing methodology to smooth away high frequency noise for water impact problem. At first, original experimental data analysis is employed to design the real time low-pass filter, especially for the cutoff frequency of the filter. At the same time, velocity-time histories based on integration of acceleration signal are utilized to carry out the data assessment. Moreover, the desired cut-off frequency is selected in the pulse checking segment, comparing the velocity or displacement time histories between the original and the reconstructed pulses. Finally, it is helpful to design a desired low-pass filter used to post-process acceleration data and implement the simulation model validation.


We consider the realization of 2-dimensional Galilean conformal algebraGCA2� on the boundary of cosmological new massive gravity. At first, we consider the contracted BTZ black hole solution. We obtain entropy formula for the GCA2 in terms of contracted scaling dimension Δ and central charge C1. This entropy formula exactly matches with the nonrelativistic limit of Bekenstein- Hawking entropy of BTZ black hole. Then, we extend our study to the contracted warped AdS3 black hole solution of CNMG. We obtain the entropy of dual GCA2 in terms of central charges and finite temperatures, T1, T2. Again, this expression coincides with the nonrelativistic limit of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula of warped AdS3 black hole.


Abstract - Cities change by time to time physically and non-physically. The city development produces a distinctive character even in the smallest urban creature. This distinctive character does not take quickly but is slowly and full of challenges.
Townscape is a visual impression of buildings arrangement, roads, and spaces those are expressed organically to form urban spaces. Therefore, a townscape that exists in an urban area is created on delevlopment or grows by unintentionally. Apart from that, the character of a townscape from one place is different from the other. The townscapes had been created and specific in each place.
The literatures for this research are: 'The Concise Townscape', 'The Aesthetic Townscape', and 'Road Form and Townscape'. The three literatures describe the existence of townscape in Europe and Japan. This is the basic knowledge in townscape and how it is applied in Indonesia, especially in the city of Yogyakarta. The urban space chosen in this research is Padukuhan Samirono.
Padukuhan Samirono is located in the north of Yogyakarta City and is very close to Gadjah Mada University and Negri Yogyakarta University. Padukuhan Samirono is known as an area that provides student accomodation. The community still stand fot maintaining their cultural habit such as gathering, cultural performances, and parades.
This study examines the Townscape in Padukuhan Samirono. The social and cultural activities expressed their locality as seen as in its townscape. The pictorial analysis method identify the elements of townscapes wich effects the urban space. By describing the elements of urban space with 7 factors: nature elements, space organization, mass, proportion, activity, carving, and streetscape, the local expression criteria of Padukuhan Samirono's can be formulated.
Based on observations, the local expression of townscape on Samirono changes into a modern form. This research attempts to enhance people's aprrectiation about townscape, especially townscape in Indonesia.

Key Words: townscape, pictorial analysis, Samirono, Javanese, locality


This brief addresses the problem of designing a filter for a class of fuzzy dynamical systems that guarantees that: 1) the L/sub 2/ gain from an exogenous input to a filter error is less or equal to a prescribed value and 2) the filter is quadratically stable in a prespecified linear matrix inequality (LMI) stability region. Based on an LMI approach, solutions to the problem of the H/sub /spl infin// fuzzy filtering with quadratic D stability are derived in terms of a family of LMIs. Numerical simulation examples are presented to illustrate the theory development.


Linen fabrics are treated by composite enzyme(pectinase and cellulase).The optimum technology condition is determined by orthogonal experiments as follows: temperature,45 ℃;pH,3.0;dosage of enzyme,2.0 g/L;time,5 h.The treating effects and properties of fabrics treated by bacillus subtilis enzyme,cellulase,and composite enzyme are analyzed by comparative experiments.


Montreal--Two sling systems for female stress urinary incontinence have similar rates of success and perioperative events, according to the results of two separate studies presented at the AUA annual meeting. However, one was more prone to infection and erosion than the other, one study showed.


Abstract Serial sex killing is developing into the moral panic of the 1990s but unlike previous moral panics about sex crime the activity of serial killing in Britain is very limited and the current concern is probably overstated. American definitions of the problem are becoming too influential and we are moving towards socially constructing a world-wide epidemic of serial killers. A serial killer industry is building up which gains much by a growth in the fear of serial killers. There are benefits for social control agents, particularly the police; for business interests as technology expands; for media interests as serial killing 'sells'; and for newly created 'experts' who have career interests to look after and reputations to enhance. However, the questions currently being asked are too narrow and there is a general failure to address the wider issues. The Canadian anthropologist Elliott Leyton has provided the most useful insights into why serial killers seem to operate in certain periods of history ...


SUMMARY

Following unilateral ligation and reanastomosis of a ureter in pigs a series of "acute" changes in overall renal size occur which may be of clinical importance.

The accompanying "parenchymal" changes (macroscopic) of obstructive atrophy form the basis of a specific radiological picture similar to that found in man, which persists unchanged apart from some subsequent growth after obstruction is removed and which remains definable after a period of complete obstruction lasting only a few days.

There is evidence that the intra–renal by–pass is operating towards the end of the second week.

The sequence of events is altered in the presence of arterial disease, and partial instead of complete ureteric obstruction.


Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of posterolateral locking plate in the treatment of large posterior malleolar fracture. Methods:From January 2010 to June 2012,23 patients with large posterior malleolar fractures were treated by posterolateral locking plate,including 15 males and 8 females,all of whom aged from 32 to 78 years with an average age of 43. 7 years. The average time from injury to operation was 7. 3 days,which ranged from 5 to 12 days. Calcaneal traction fixation or plaster was performed on the injured limb before operation. Once that swelling reduced,all patients were treated by posterolateral locking plate and were assessed with the ankle hindfoot clinical rating system of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society( AOFAS). Results: The follow-up time was from 14 to 22 months,with an average period of 17. 4months. 23 patients resulted in bone healing,without loosen or breakage of internal fixation. As the X-ray pictures showed,fracture healing time after operation ranged from 11 to 21 weeks,which was 14. 7 weeks on average,and full weight bearing time was from 15 to 25 weeks,which was 17. 1 weeks on average. The AOFAS scores ranged from 73 to 94 points with an average of 83. 4 points at the 12 thmonth after operation. One patient had superficial wound infection at the 7 th day after operation and was healed by sensitive antibiotics and changing fresh dressing. Conclusions: Posterolateral locking plate could be a good method for the treatment of posterior malleolar fracture because effective redution and proper fixation could be obtained through straight access.


Loss rates due to synchrotron radiation have been calculated for electrons in the earth's magnetosphere with energies in the range 2–10 Mev. These loss rates are compared with measured rates and are shown to be of little importance for the earth. For Jupiter's magnetosphere the effect is much more pronounced.


On the day Gulf War I began in 1991, I was a final year music student at a London University. Having woken up to the news that war had started I arrived as usual at my class that day—a seminar on Music and Modernism. However, the class began not in the normal way, but with a short announcement from the tutor that, given the gravity of the day, we would read a short piece by Karl Kraus, a writer from the period of music we were studying. I do not now remember the exact essay, but I do remember its profound effect: it was critical of the social circumstances of its time, and utterly sobering. In that class, the outbreak of war in the late twentieth century resonated with that of the First World War and with the thoughts of a writer a hundred years removed. It created a space within which the significance of the outbreak of War could be marked. Twelve years later, on the day War on Iraq (Gulf War II) broke out, I was the lecturer with a class of students, influencing how or whether we, as a group, would recognize the outbreak of war. Would it be possible to recognize the events that were taking place without imposing my own viewpoint, offending or being perceived as 'crow-barring-in' something that wasn't relevant? What was the relevance of War in Iraq to teaching and learning? A first reaction to this question might be to search for subject-specific relevance to one's own discipline. Although it might seem unlikely that a War in Iraq could have any connection to the study of music, it offers plenty of opportunity to study the music of Iraq in its social context and the effects of social change upon the cultural life of the nation. Responses to the War on Iraq, and even the war itself, also involved music directly. For example, the use of music in state occasions, as part of protests, as a means for artists to express their political views, in benefit gigs to raise money for charities and even as a form of torture against prisoners (BBC News, 2003). Study of musical phenomena involved in war is arguably a legitimate part of the study of music. On the one hand, studying music in relation to war could seem gratuitous and potentially exploitative: a cheap way of 'cashing in' on current affairs or of providing a captive audience for lecturers' political views. On the other hand, focusing


Objective To construct human Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors and transfect human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3,and observe the expression of Oct3/4 in SKOV3 cells.Methods Destination gene(Oct3/4) cDNA products were obtained by amplification with RT-PCR.Human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors pcDNA3.1-Oct3/4 were constructed by pcDNA3.1 vector plasmid,and were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequence analysis.Recombinant plasmid was transfected into SKOV3 cells with Lipofectamine 2000,and SKOV3 cells transfected with empty vectors and those without transfection were served as transfection control group and negative control group,respectively.Stable transfection cells were screened by G418(neomycin),and Western blotting was employed to detect the relative expression of Oct3/4 protein in cells.Results Destination gene amplified by PCR was about 1 000 bp in length analysed by 12 g/L agarose gel electrophoresis,which met the expectancy.Human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression plasmid vectors pcDNA3.1-Oct3 /4 were constructed,and the result of DNA sequencing was consistent with that of GenBank.Western blotting analysis revealed that the relative expression of Oct3/4 protein in stable pcDNA3.1-Oct3/4 transfected cells(10.225 ± 0.987) was significantly higher than that in transfection control group(1.713 ± 0.896) and negative control group(1 for calibration value)(P 0.01).Conclusion Human recombinant Oct3/4 eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed,SKOV3 was transfected,and Oct3/4 protein is stably overexpressed in stable transfected cells,which lays a foundation for the further study of roles of Oct3/4 gene in ovarian cancer development and drug-resistance to chemotherapy.


This thesis examines the consequences of the Royal Navy's transition from burning coal to burning oil 1898-1939, and argues they were more far reaching than recognised hitherto. That because the Navy was fundamental to the existence of the British Empire and fuel fundamental to a modern mechanised Navy securing naval fuel supplies became a decisive factor in determining the Government's oil policy. Although the technical aspects of the transition were completed quite rapidly, fears over oil supplies delayed its completion and had ramifications for Britain's industrial, foreign and domestic policies. Consequently, the decision to introduce oil fuel was a political rather than a military one. The thesis examines the two main strategies the Admiralty adopted to secure its oil supplies. First, controlling where possible the sources of oil through ownership of an oil company. That this became a source of interdepartmental friction and was exploited by the oil companies, particularly the Anglo Persian Oil Company, to extract preferential treatment from the Government. Second, creating a large oil reserve, the pursuit of which post 1918 ignored the lessons of the First World War and brought the Admiralty into conflict with the Treasury. The thesis argues that although both strategies had varying degrees of success, neither addressed the principal threat to naval oil supplies, which was the limited commercial infrastructure particularly oil tankers that was both predictable and avoidable. The thesis demonstrates that once reliant on oil the Navy could not, unlike with coal, control its fuel supplies in isolation but was constrained by the nature of the supplying industry and the conflicting demands of other users, and, finally, that resistance to the Navy's use of oil persisted until 1939.


Symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis are non‐specific and conflicting reports exist regarding the ability of symptoms to predict the presence of gastroparesis. Our aim, therefore, was to evaluate the relationships between gastroparetic symptoms and their impact on quality of life and determine their relationship with clinical factors and gastric emptying.


In this paper, we investigate the advantages of applying random network coding in sensor networks for security purpose. In particular, the problem of constructing a secure multi-path in wireless sensor networks is considered. However, unlike previous wiretapping scenarios, where the threat is posed by external wiretappers, we approach the security from an internal angle: all nodes comply with the communication protocols yet are potential eavesdroppers. By exploiting the advantages provided by random network coding, dense deployment of sensor nodes, and directed diffusion, a novel secure multi-path construction protocol is proposed. Mathematical analysis and computer simulations show that the proposed protocol can attain the maximum achievable transmission rate, at the same time, it prevents intermediate nodes from acquiring any information transmitted from the source to destination.


Unlike any other industry, construction industry has not fully implemented TQM philosophy. This can be attributed to the complex nature of construction projects, which has numerous and overlapping activities. The present research is an attempt to solve one of the major problems in large construction projects, manifested in the delay of handing-over apartments to end customer in contracted time. The DMAIC procedures of the Six Sigma, problem-solving methods together with the CPM and PERT project planning techniques have been integrated in this research to achieve the required objective.


A 44-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a painless tumor in the right breast. A standard radical mastectomy was performed due to the detection of cancer. A histologic examination revealed a solid-tubular carcinoma [Stage I (t1n1αm0)]. Following the operation, she was given a prescription for 5-FU (200mg), PSK (3g) and TAM (20mg) to be taken each day. On the 101st day after discharge, she was admitted to our hospital again complaining of epigastralgia. On the gastroendoscopy and the barium enema, a gastric cancer and a colon polyp were detected. A distal partial gastrectomy (R2) and abdominal polypectomy were performed. A histologic examinaiton revealed a signet-ring cell carcinoma [Stage I (H0P0n0m)] in the gastric cancer and a carcinoma of the adenoma in the colon polyp. She recovered well after the operation. Our experience of this case has emphasized the significance that adequately planned examination schedule is vital for detecting the secondary cancers in early stages.


In the era of regional autonomy, an interesting phenomenon has occurred, namely the minimal absorption of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget in most parts of Indonesia, both at the provincial, district and city levels. The lack of absorption of the budget arises amid demands for more transparent and accountable management and accountability of state and regional finances in the framework of good governance and demands for effectiveness and efficiency. This phenomenon also occurs in the Karimun Regency Government where there are delays in budget absorption in quarter I to quarter III which in turn results in low realization or absorption of the budget at the end of the year, therefore the authors are interested in conducting research on the author's thesis entitled Effects of Human Resource Quality . , Budget Planning and Organizational Commitment to Budget Absorption by Using Information Technology as a Moderation Variable in Regional Apparatus Organizations in Karimun Regency.


The problem of assessing the relative importance of variable subsets in discriminant analysis is discussed. Attention is focused on techniques for determining those subsets which are 'adequate' for discrimination from the descriptive viewpoint. A number of procedures which have been proposed or used in the literature are described, illustrated and compared with reference to various aspects, including rationale, statistical significance testing and computational difficulties.


ABSTRACT Post baking chilling of bread is an important part of the bread making process. However, it is quite often underestimated in comparison to formulation, mixing or baking. During post baking chilling, the bread matrix that switched from dough to crumb during baking undergoes a solidification phase due to temperature decrease. The heat transfer associated with the cooling kinetic is largely influenced by evaporative cooling, especially at the beginning of the cooling process. This evaporative cooling corresponds to a significant water loss. This work presents original numerical and experimental results concerning the use of mist (water) spraying on the bread surface during post baking chilling. A numerical model has been developed with finite element software (FEMLAB). It accommodates the coupled heat and mass transfer in the bread during post baking chilling of French part-baked baguettes. Water diffusion in the crumb has been modelled using specific moisture diffusivity previously determined experimentally. The model was validated against experimental results. The main results showed that spraying water on the surface of the bread can help to limit the weight loss caused by evaporation but has a limited effect on the cooling rate of the bread (in our conditions). Comparison with other techniques, such as vacuum chilling, is discussed.


Some methods and form elements of log architecture may have diffused from Alpine and Alemannic districts in southern Central Europe to colonial Midland America. Fundamental differences were found between these Old and New World regions in 1) log carpentry techniques, 2) house types, and 3) roof structure. By contrast, potential Alpine prototypes were found for the Pennsylvania barn, including such form elements as forebay, bank, and double-crib plan, and for various American subtypes of the double-crib log barn. These findings contradict the generally accepted belief that the Pennsylvania barn and certain double-crib subtypes evolved in America. Further evidence suggests that southeastern Pennsylvania's importance as a colonial culture hearth area of log architecture may have been overstated.