Originated from the 1990s, cognitive neuroscience is a new branch of science combining cognitive science and neuroscience. It has become a mainstream trend in the development of scientific research and has been widely used in many fields. The study of cognitive neuroscience is of great significance for human development. This study mainly deals with the issues of China's housing industrialization based on the related theories of brain cognitive neuroscience through using factor analysis. The study finds that since China put forward housing industrialization officially in 1994, China's housing industrialization has been developing very rapidly. Both the newly-started area of housing industrialization and the housing industrialization (main structure) output value have increased year by year. Through factor analysis, it is found that enterprises' cognition of policies can be divided into five dimensions: policy understanding, policy evaluation, evaluation of policy competent departments, satisfaction of policy implementation, and damage to corporate interests, and the cross-correlation between dimensions is not serious. At the same time, the enterprises' evaluation of policies is the most important factor affecting cognition degree.


Currently, there is a paucity of research on the psychosocial antecedents of sedentary behaviour (SB) in a post-secondary setting. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) constructs may influence sedentary behaviour amongst students. Further, normative messages may be one tool for altering perceptions of sedentary behaviour. However, the effect of descriptive norm messages on sedentary behaviour is currently unknown. The primary purpose of this study is to examine students' perceptions of sedentary behaviour; the secondary purpose is to investigate whether the receipt of a normative message is an efficacious tool for reducing students' sedentary behaviour. Post-secondary students will complete an online questionnaire and will randomly receive an injunctive norm, descriptive norm, or control sedentary behaviour message. The questionnaire will measure demographics, TPB constructs, and self-reported SB. One week later, they will complete the same questionnaire. Multiple regression and ANOVAs will be used to address the two study purposes, respectively. Results may inform future interventions aimed at decreasing students' sedentary behaviour levels.


Recently, the number of surface observations over the U.S. with spatially dense time and space coverage has grown rapidly. This has resulted in an essentially national mesonetwork offering the possibility of performing frequent monitoring of mesoscale features that may generate significant local weather, as well as hazards to aviation. Despite these advances, the density of these data remains highly variable across the country, literally being composed of "oases and deserts" of data. The distribution of surface mesonet stations currently available from the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS) at FSL shown in Fig. 1 illustrates this heterogeneous data issue (13,000 stations are currently in MADIS).


BACKGROUND: Recurrent and advanced primary pelvic cancers present a complex clinical issue requiring multidisciplinary care and radical extended surgery. Sacral resection is necessary for tumors that invade posteriorly but is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the morbidity and survival associated with pelvic exenteration involving sacrectomy for advanced pelvic cancers at a single institution. DESIGN: This study used patient demographics, operative and pathologic reports, and prospective survival data to determine factors affecting patient outcomes. SETTINGS: Data were collected for patients who had operations between July 1998 and April 2012 at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred patients underwent pelvic exenteration with a sacrectomy for advanced pelvic cancers. Sacrectomy was performed for 18 primary and 61 recurrent rectal cancers, 17 anal cancers, and 4 other cancers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: This study looked at postoperative major and minor morbidity rates, as well as disease-free and overall survival rates after sacral resection. It compared the outcomes of high sacrectomy (at or above S2) versus low sacrectomy. RESULTS: Clear margins were achieved in 72 of 100 patients. The overall complication rate was 74% (43% major and 67% minor) with no 30-day or in-hospital mortality. Estimated overall and disease-free survival rates after curative resection were 38% and 30% at 5 years. Involved margins (p = 0.006), lymph node involvement (p = 0.008), and anterior organ invasion (p = 0.008) had a negative impact on patient survival. High sacrectomy increased the incidence of neurologic deficit postoperatively (p = 0.04) but did not alter the rate of R0 resection or patient survival. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective data were required to analyze patient morbidity, as well as operative and pathologic factors. CONCLUSIONS: This series supports sacral resection for curative surgery in advanced pelvic cancers, achieving excellent R0 and long-term survival rates. Cortical bone invasion and high sacrectomy were not contraindications to surgery and had acceptable outcomes.


The promise and success of current biomedical research is highly dependent on understanding the mechanisms of fundamental biological processes such as protein folding, the function of molecular machines, or the interaction of proteins with molecular complexes. In particular, on the cellular level the heterogeneous and fluctuating environment as well as the intrinsic asynchronicity of protein function requires observation of individual copies rather than ensembles if a detailed understanding of their function is to be obtained. As a consequence, real-time in vivo imaging is one of the most desirable tools for investigating biological systems at microscopic and nanoscopic levels. In this chapter, we summarize some of the recent advances in optical microscopy with a particular focus on the capabilities and limitations of studies at the single-molecule and nanoparticle level. We present a detailed account of the intricate interplay between single-molecule photophysical properties and the attainable signal-to-noise ratio in the ability to see, localize and trace single molecules. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of single-molecule labels being replaced by tiny light scatterers, such as gold nanoparticles, which offer an inherent photostability and lack of saturation. In particular, we introduce a novel interferometric technique for detecting nanoscopic objects and demonstrate its potential use both for the study of gold nanoparticle labels in scattering media and the label-free detection of single biological nanoparticles in the absence of additional scatterers.

Keywords:

single-molecule microscopy;
single-particle tracking;
fluorescence resonance energy transfer;
gold nanoparticles;
interferometric detection;
label-free detection


Outdoor air quality guidelines have been constantly implemented during the last decades. Nonetheless, no international regulations have been put into action in terms of indoor air quality standards and standardized procedures for indoor pollution measurements. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of PM2.5 collected outdoors and indoors at six dwellings located in two Italian areas. The selected sites concerned inland/central and southern Italy, including urban, peri-urban, rural and coastal settings. The seasonal and site-specific particulate matter (PM) variations were analyzed outdoors and indoors, by estimating the impact of the main macro-sources and the contribution of the macro- and micro-components. Outdoors, organic matter represented the main contribution at inland and coastal sites, respectively during winter and summer. A clear, seasonal variation was also observed for secondary inorganic species. A site-specific dependence was exhibited by traffic-related components. Indoors, organic and soil-related species were influenced by the presence of the inhabitants. Some specific tracers allowed to identify additional local source contributions and indoor activities. Although the sampling season and site location defined the outdoor air quality, the higher PM concentrations and the chemical composition indoors were influenced by the infiltration of outdoor air and by the indoor activities carried out by its inhabitants.


Corresponding author: Prof. Jacek Białkowski MD, PhD, Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Paediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, 9 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej St, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland, phone/fax: +48 32 271 34 01, e-mail: email@example.com Received: 16.07.2019, accepted: 9.08.2019. Interventional catheterization for congenital heart defects: what can we do for others? Project Rwanda


The performance of local binary pattern (LBP) and many LBP-based variants is usually limited by rotation, illumination, scale, viewpoint, and the number of training samples. In view of this, this letter presents a robust image descriptor named crosscomplementary LBP (CCLBP) for texture classification. Based on the continuous rotation invariance and highly discriminative characteristic of principal curvatures, significant local geometrical information, which is complementary to LBP is obtained. Then, the resulting information is quantized and encoded into a binary pattern. To enhance the robustness to scale, viewpoint, and the number of training samples, a multiscale and multiresolution analysis is explored by diversifying two parameters accordantly. Subsequently, a cross-scale joint feature representation is conducted on the generated complementary binary responses, resulting in the proposed CCLBP, which captures a highly discriminative information but with low dimensionality. Experimental results on three standard texture databases demonstrate that the proposed CCLBP achieves competitive performance or outperforms state-of-the-art texture descriptors while enjoying a succinct feature representation. Impressively, under the premise of maintaining complete rotation invariance, the performance of the CCLBP approach against illumination, viewpoint, and scale changes has been improved, especially when the number of training samples is limited.


anthropology and other disciplines are introduced by the contributors, each of whom is a competent and respected person in his own area of specialization. The book as a whole, however, reflects the state of confusion which currently exists insofar as &dquo;behavioral science&dquo; or &dquo;the behavioral sciences&dquo; is/are concerned. This basic confusion is compounded by a meaningless title which separates the behavioral and health sciences and by an incredibly diffuse &dquo;charge&dquo; to the contributors (four pages, single-spaced, undersized type). In overall


The article concerns the representation of the quantitative aspect of specific English collective
nouns attention is paid to the semantico-syntactical charge of the nouns analyzer.


Question Answering for complex questions is often modelled as a graph construction or traversal task, where a solver must build or traverse a graph of facts that answer and explain a given question. This "multi-hop" inference has been shown to be extremely challenging, with few models able to aggregate more than two facts before being overwhelmed by "semantic drift", or the tendency for long chains of facts to quickly drift off topic. This is a major barrier to current inference models, as even elementary science questions require an average of 4 to 6 facts to answer and explain. In this work we empirically characterize the difficulty of building or traversing a graph of sentences connected by lexical overlap, by evaluating chance sentence aggregation quality through 9,784 manually-annotated judgements across knowledge graphs built from three free-text corpora (including study guides and Simple Wikipedia). We demonstrate semantic drift tends to be high and aggregation quality low, at between 0.04 and 3, and highlight scenarios that maximize the likelihood of meaningfully combining information.


A series of 3-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thia diazol-2-yl)-2-((2-(5-(un/substituted hetetocyclic/ aryl) -4,5dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)hydrazinyl)methyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones 6a-i have been synthesized by the reaction of 3-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-((2- (5-(un/substituted heterocyclic/ arylchalconyl)hydrazinyl)methyl)-substitutedquinazolin-4(3H)-one 5a-5i with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in presence of 2% NaOH. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antipsychotic and anticonvulsant activities. Structures of all the compounds were established by elemental and spectral (IR, 1 H NMR and Mass) analysis.


This chapter provides an updated discussion of China's national and regional innovation systems. First, it introduces the unique development path and distinct characteristics of China's national and regional innovation systems. Second, it reviews the evolution of China's national and regional innovation systems, which is divided into five periods: the pre-reform era (1949–1978), the end of the chaos and the beginning of a new era (1978–1985), the reform of China's science and technology (S&T) system (1985–1998), the scaling-up of S&T system reform (1998–2006), and the improvement of the national S&T system (2006–2013). Third, it describes the overall structure of China's national innovation system, illustrating the components and interactions (e.g., university-industry linkages, military and civilian integration) within the system. Then, it evaluates the overall performance of China's national and regional innovation systems. Lastly, it points out future directions for deepening the reform of China's national innovation system and continuing to pursue innovation-driven development.


Catalytic asymmetric direct Mannich-type reactions of α-substituted nitroacetates using a new bench-stable homodinuclear Ni2−Schiff base 1b complex are described. The Ni2−1b complex gave Mannich products, precursors for anti-α,β-diamino acids with an α-tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenter, in >99−91% ee. The Ni2−1b complex was also applicable to direct Mannich-type reactions of malonates and β-keto ester, giving products in high stereoselectivity (up to 99% ee, dr >97:3). Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that the dinuclear Ni metal centers had key roles to achieve good reactivity and high stereoselectivity.


The aim of the paper is to understand the perceptions of small-scale farmers in marginalized communities when it comes to the support that Information Communication Technology (ICTs) can provide them in their climate change management and monitoring efforts. Agriculture plays a key role in the socioeconomic development of marginalized communities. However, climate change has unfortunately affected the sustainability of agriculture in these communities. Elements of climate change such as inconsistent weather patterns, extreme temperature fluctuations and droughts, have added to the vulnerabilities that plague small-scale farmers. ICTs can be implemented as support tools, this way they can enhance the traditional knowledge and techniques that small-scale farmers have gained from past experiences. This study focuses on the perceptions of small-scale farmers towards the implementation of ICTs in their day-to-day farming activities.


In order to analyze the relations between the parasitic resistance of MACD and its using time or/and test speed,a resistance of compact MACD was tested by method of constant speed at different times.The results show the parasitic resistance is getting larger regularly with the time increasing.Results analyses show the change of resistance is different in various speed region and time area.Finally,the authors proposed a new resistance function,i.e.,F =f(ν,t) taking 400 hours as the dividing line.


In a competitive economy, a company's activity aims to achieve strategic objectives. Of these, two objectives: making profit and meeting the needs of a particular market segment are vital targets to maintaining the company's market position. This requires information which reveals the company's financial position and profitability. The companies which want to be competitive must assess the company's capacity to generate positive results and cash in a reliable way. This strategy needs information on the resources used and the results obtained, but should not overlook the truth that the profit arises from uncertainty and the risk assumed by the entrepreneur. In this regard, the International Accounting Standards often use the term "probability" when referring to the recognition criteria of structures comprised in the financial statements.


The emergence of ultrashort pulsed laser (UPL) ablation has allowed for large area and volume materials analysis typically not accessible through focused ion beam techniques. Material damage and damage mitigation strategies from focused ion beams have been widely studied, therefore it is of interest to perform similar studies for UPL ablation performed in systems such as the Helios Laser PFIB™. Thermal effects from pulsed laser ablation can lead to a heat affected zone (HAZ) in materials. The femtosecond pulse regime is often considered to be HAZ free since the pulse duration is shorter than the characteristic relaxation times, while HAZ in the nanosecond regime can be 10 – 1000 µm [1]. Typically, laser HAZ is studied via single pulses or drilled holes. However, it is necessary to understand the HAZ in materials prepared with realistic conditions used for preparing large area cross-sections with ultrashort pulsed lasers. For example, spot overlap and/or multiple pulses per pixel in a pattern are generally necessary to achieve a high-quality planar cut-faces in short times on the Helios Laser PFIB™. Since many factors such as pulse duration, pulse energy, and incident angle impact HAZ thickness, it is necessary to further study HAZ from laser cut-faces on instruments used for emerging UPL workflows. A previous study found the damage layer in commercial grade 6061-T6 aluminum for 30 kV Ga + FIB and Xe + PFIB to be ~6 nm and 4 nm, respectively. A 1.8 nm damage layer was observed from 2 kV Ga + FIB and no damage layer was measured for 2kV Xe + PFIB. [2] To investigate femtosecond laser HAZ in 6061-T6 aluminum, cross-sections were


In Ukraine, people with diabetes receive insulin, including insulin biosimilars in pharmacies, so pharmacists should increase their knowledge about biosimilar because they become more available in the coming years.
The aim of the work was to summarize current information on insulin biosimilars.
Research materials ‒ regulatory database information and scientific publications on biosimilars. Content analysis, bibliosemantic, analytical, generalizing analyzes were used.
The terminology related to reproducible biological drugs (biosimilars) is difference and it depend on the regulatory agency or the country that controls the approve of drugs. Insulin was the first biopharmaceutical drug which was developed. For approving biosimilars, it is necessary to establish similarity with the reference drug in terms of safety, purity and efficacy. Regulatory of biosimilars and requirements for demonstration the biosimilarity are specified in regulatory of the EMA and WHO. The regulatory of the approving of biosimilar  in Ukraine is harmonized with European regulatory. The rules on interchangeability are not determined by all regulatory agency. The International Diabetes Federation emphasizes the role of the pharmacist, stating that they should be well informed about the forms of insulin, includes biosimilars. In Ukraine, pharmacists must dispense insulin, including biosimilars, exactly in accordance to the prescription in which the trade name of insulin (or biosimilars) is indicated. Insulin biosimilars can be an alternative to original insulins that have lost patent protection by increasing the availability of drugs, which can lead to increased market competition and access insulin for patients.
Based on the analysis of current information on biosimilars, generalizations about their terminology, aspects of manufecture, regulatory, interchangeability, prospects in the treatment of diabetes and their replacement of referens insulins are presented. The potential impact of biosimilar insulins to patients and the health care system was determinated. The importance of awareness of these drugs by pharmacists as part of the diabetic team are highlighted.


To achieve the rectangular form spot of road lighting requirements,according to the characteristics of LED light sources and the distribution of lighting form spot,the slope equation of freeform lens generator by the Snell law is established,based on the slope equation,an optical lens is designed in the LED street light with the rectangular distribution. With the orthogonal optimization method and Light Tools software,through the simulation comparative study on the designed lens systems,the result of an optical lens with a rectangular spot distribution is got. Results show that in the irradiation conditions with the height of 10m,the exposure area is 40m × 10m,the uniformity is 0.31. This method provides a simple and effective design approach for the spot requirements of LED street lights.


Along with carrying out countryside taxes fees reform,specially the repeal of the agricultural tax,the main functions of township governments need to be changed,namely the transformation should be from the original deriving-oriented to the service-oriented.Therefore,the township governments should provide more services for the farmers.


Young devil stinger Inimicus japonicus (60.7 mm in total length, TL) were individually marked by extracting the fourth, fifth, or the fourth, fifth, ninth, tenth and eleventh spines of the dorsal fin using tweezers and the effectiveness and period that individuals can be distinguished were investigated. As a result, it was confirmed that the extracted spines do not regenerate and could be readily distinguished from control (no fin marking) individuals until the end of the experiment (twenty-four months after marking). Mortality due to marking was not observed. The mean rate at which young (61.6 mm TL) could be marked by extracting the fourth and fifth dorsal fin spines was 298 individuals / hour / person. Advantages of the present new marking method for young fish (ca.60 mm TL) is that it is cheap, easily done and suitable for long term marking.


Knowledge management is a key source of competitive advantage for organizations worldwide. Following the literature from the 1980s and 1990s, it could be assumed that knowledge management is a fairly universal concept with easily transferable managerial practices. This paper argues that the concept is not universal, but is culturally bound, focusing on Japanese knowledge management practices that include lengthy induction training, spiral pyramid promotions, consensus decision making, and long-term employment. The distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge is discussed, with the conclusion that they are immutably linked and that the ability to externalize tacit into explicit is one of the key features of Japanese-style knowledge management.


100 patients with premature contractions were treated with the beta-adrenergic agent fenoterol for up to 9 weeks. To rule out a detrimental effect on the myocardium, the creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, which is specific to the myocardium, was determined regularly in addition to electrocardiographic monitoring. No pathological enzyme activity was detected even in long-term tocolytic therapy with the maximum dose.


Road traffic is a major source of in urban areas with far-reaching and wide-range effect to human. It produces disturbance and inversely impacts more than other forms of noise. Urban traffic noise impact assessment has thus become an active environmental acoustics domain. This paper firstly measures the traffic noise in the truck lines in Nanchang city and estimates it. Then this paper finds out the cause of the traffic noise in Nanchang city. Thirdly this paper gives some suggestions on the noise pollution.


In this paper, we present a comparative numerical analysis to determine the refractive index of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) by using FDFD method and used the results to evaluate the confinement losses of PCFs by considering the effects of air-hole rings in the cladding. It is shown that by increasing the wavelength, the imaginary part of refraction index rises, resulting in increase of confinement losses nearly by order of 10. In lower wavelengths over the range of 0.2 to 1 μm, these losses were shown to be negligible. The obtained results show that as the number of air-hole ring in the cladding increases, the confinement losses over wavelengths would reduce. To show the effect of air-hole rings on confinement losses in PCFs, the FDFD method yielded accurate results that agree well with results of FEM method and source–model technique reported by others.


This is a press release. A sharp drop in stress hormones after giving birth to a child may predispose some women to develop certain conditions in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, according to researchers at the National Institutes
 of Health.


Bullying, also known as harassment, school bullying, peer abuse for abuse of power or even, is considered an extreme and characteristic form of school violence. It is considered as a social problem that profoundly affects the life project of people, particularly children and young people, having an impact on their development and self-esteem. The general aim of this investigation was directed to determine the consequences associated with the bullying in the students of the Mixed College On February 27 of Loja's city, in included ages from 12 to 15 years. Between the specific aims they are: to establish the existence of bullying in the pupils of the Mixed College On February 27 of Loja's city; to identify the consequences associated with the bullying in the pupils of the above mentioned establishment; to corroborate the type of bullying that exists between the students; and to motivate them to denouncing before the respective authorities, to avoid major consequences. The sample was shaped by 185 pupils and the questionnaire used pre elaborated by the University San Francisco of Quito, which was modified by the author. It is a study of descriptive - transverse type, using several methods to have the summary and systematic presentation of the information, always preserving an idea it adds the consequences that they associate the Bullying. Of the obtained results it was possible to determine that really if it exists bullying or I harass in the pupils understood between the ages of 12 to 15 years of the Mixed College On February 27, in a percentage of 43 % (n=80), and as result of it 20 % (n=37) shows his annoyance before such a situation; on the contrary 11 % (n=20) does not take importance, 7 % (n=13) demonstrates dread or fear and 5 % (n=10) proves to be sad. It is important to mention also that 4 % (n=7), about the polled students has decided about some occasion, not to be present at the educational establishment, for feeling attacked or harassed by his companions, together also it was possible to corroborate that verbal aggression exists with 27 % (n=60) and physical aggression with 8 % (n=24). The bullying can generate dramatic and unsuspected effects in whom they suffer it for what, his study and determination when newly it begins, it is vital for the capture of measures and corrective procedures.

Key-Words: bullying consequences, high school, students.


This paper describe the deep analysis of Indonesian utterances to gain understanding of Indonesian prosody phenomena, especially in phrase subject of sentence. Deep analysis result show that there is falling part at the beginning of the phrase and there is rising part at the end of the phrase. This falling and rising curve is not linear and a non-linear part concentrates in vocal part of the syllable. The previous prosody model represented this part of prosody as a linear curve, so it has to be improved. This paper proposed the improvement to the previous prosody model, based on the analysis results.


, Recent data from the US Forest Service's onsiteNational Visitor Use Monitoring Survey (National Visitor Use Monitoring Survey, 2004. Unpublished demographic results for 2002-2003. Data on file with Donald English, Program Manager, Visitor Use Monitoring Project, Washington, DC) shows that visits made by African Americans account for very low percentages of visits to national forests across. the country. This is true even in the South,a region where African Americans are highly concentrated. In contrast, Hispanic visits to national forests in the Southwest are high, relative to their population . proportion. We examine additional national level household data on awareness of federal lands and management to help understand the discrepancy between Hispanic and African Americeln recreational use of federal lands. We hypothesized that. awareness, knowledge of management·objectives, and attitudes about fees would reduce African American/Hispanic visitation differences; but strong differ ences remained after accounting for these factors. Results suggest other factors such as private landownership, and social. definitions of place may be useful in considering African American use of wildland public recreation areas in the South.


Aero aluminum alloy skin of airframe and aerofoil is easy to freeze at low temperature, and endangering flight safety. Therefore, it is of great importance to improve the anti-ice ability of aero aluminum alloy. In this paper, the contact characteristics of a single water droplet with aero aluminum alloy with different wettability is analyzed as well as the freeze of aluminum alloy at low temperature, and study the anti-ice properties of aero aluminum alloy with different wettability. The results indicate that the anti-ice capability of aero aluminum alloy is gradually enhanced with the weakening of surface wettability. And also the ice area is reduced, and the ice distribution is changed from facet to point gradually. When aero aluminum alloy becoming super hydrophobic surface, there are only few micro ice grains on the edge of surface.


The invention discloses a generation method of a pre-join table on a ring-shaped schema database, belonging to the field of distributed data storage. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a Key-Value database, forming a column value index of a key column and storing the column value index in the database; generating a pre-join table; if an original data table is updated, updating the corresponding pre-join table; and executing data query, and outputting query result. With the pre-join table generation method provided by the invention, the pre-join table can be efficiently generated in the ring-shaped schema Key-Value database, and a quick join query function is provided; by optimizing a computational process, time and space cost for generating the pre-join table is reduced, and calculation speed is accelerated; and simultaneously, query delay is reduced according to an updating and maintaining method, and real-time join query result can be provided.


Important task of modern secondary professional education is effective implementation of the praktiko-oriented training. In case of application of the praktiko-oriented forms of the organization of occupations the educational organization faces various problems. With respect thereto authors come to a conclusion about need of enhancement of system of application of the praktiko-oriented training, by developments of new forms of the organization of occupations. In article, on the example of the Kama construction college (Naberezhnye Chelny), degree of the praktiko-oriented training process orientation is analyzed, the analysis of applications of the praktiko-oriented forms of the organization of occupations is carried out. As a result of the conducted research it was established that teachers most of all apply traditional forms of education. In too time for mastering of professional competences by students, it is necessary to use the new praktiko-oriented forms of the organization of occupations. Praktiko-oriented form of education will promote acquisition of practical experience. In a work progress methods of the analysis and synthesis, deduction were used. For reliability of results of a research sociological survey among students was conducted.


A phase II, randomized therapeutical clinical assay was carried out in the denture service of "Dr Joaquin Castillo Duany" teaching military hospital to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory 25% aloe cream therapy on the mucosa affected by second degree denture stomatitis in denture wearers having total or partial acrylic supports. The universe of study was made up of 120 patients who went to this Service from September 2005 to October 2006. Two groups were formed: a study group and a control group with 60 cases each. 25% aloe cream was administered to the first group till total remission whereas the second group received the standard treatment. Dentures were removed in both groups. The patients were assessed as of the third day until final curing. It was observed that lesion dissapeared after 7 days of treatment approximately in the study group; however, the cases in the control group required a longer period of time to eliminate the symptoms. This proved that 25% aloe cream treatment was effective for denture stomatitis, and therefore a long-term application of this therapy was recommended.


The problem of determining the stresses in a plate under tension when the material is pierced by one or more circular holes is one of both theoretical interest and practical importance. Provided that the plate may be regarded as infinitely extended in two dimensions, the solution for a single hole is easily found and is well known. The presence of the hole leads to the occurrence of stresses equal to three times the tension at infinity, these maximum stresses occurring at the edge of the hole and on the diameter perpendicular to the direction of the applied tension. More general stress systems, corresponding to the presence of tractions at the edge of the hole, may be studied by similar methods, not only when the plate is infinite but also when there is a second circular boundary concentric with the first. A number of special solutions for the infinite plate have recently been published by BICKLEY. The solution for a semi-infinite plate with one circular hole was obtained by JEFFREY, using bipolar co-ordinates,§ which may be applied also to the case of an infinite plate pierced by two holes


Abstract Few instances of treatment-emergent resistance to bictegravir have been reported in the literature. We describe a case of treatment-emergent resistance to bictegravir in a person recently diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus who developed M184V and R263K mutations while on therapy.


The development of inter‐university co‐operation in Europe is conditioned by such major sets of events'as the evolution of the EC, growing environmental awareness, and the recent revolutionary changes in eastern Europe. Attempts to develop inter‐university cooperation between eastern and western European universities must still cope with the heritage of some forty‐five years of a divided Europe. Such strong points of the eastern European universities as research capacity should be recognized. A very good way to further inter‐university co‐operation on a broad front is through interregional co‐operation, particularly that linking contiguous regions on the East‐West European divide.


revived export capitalism and then industrial capitalism to serve Mexican markets. The national state used peasant demands for land to both support capitalism and control peasants, and the little autonomy peasants had achieved during the fighting of the Revolution was fleeting. Moreover, in central Mexico the voracious demand of Mexico City for people and land came to dominate the population in new ways. Globalization put an end to this set of capitalist dreams without improving the lot of Mexico's people, many of whom had transitioned from rural to urban living without gaining much benefit.


In light of the contradiction between lubricity and heat conductivity,The different steels have different requisition on the powder's performance.Because proper ingredients are the key of flux film's crystallization and formation,only understand how each components affect crystallizing properties can we develop powder to ensure film's structure can be controled to meet the demand of lubricity and heat conductivity for different steels.The research results about the influence of each component on crystallization temperature,crystallization speed,mineralogical phase and crystal rate are summarized.Finally,The research localization and some advices for the study of Ingredients and crystallizing properties of mold flux are pointed out.


Given the ease with which photographs today are created, copied and mobilized, it is easy to forget that the medium is not a single monolithic entity, but rather encompasses an array of light-based image-making technologies each with its own characteristics and qualities. Such a generalized view of photography impacts accounts of the medium's history in particular since the peculiar concerns of past practices often vary greatly from those that seem relevant today. During the late nineteenth century, for example, considerations of photographic aesthetics were inseparable from negotiations of time and motion. If, as Roland Barthes would later write, cameras are 'clocks for seeing,' then the time measured by early photography operated, by present-day standards, on a kind of geologic scale.1 Most photographers of the 1860s and 1870s worked with what is known as the wet-plate process, producing negatives on glass plates that were sensitive to light only if exposed and developed in the ten to twenty minutes before their collodion coating dried. Though this required fast action behind the camera in order to fix an image, the subjects being photographed in front of it had to remain perfectly still for exposure times lasting seconds if not minutes. For while improving significantly upon the daguerreotype and calotype processes that preceded it, wet-plate photography was still a relatively 'slow' medium, incapable of registering bodily motion in any detail.2 This technological fact is often cited anecdotally to explain the curiously static appearance of many nineteenth-century photographs – portraits of children with clenched jaws and vacant stares; landscapes with stark white overexposed skies; cities empty of living inhabitants. Looking back on this predicament in photography's history, most think of Eadweard Muybridge and his remarkable accomplishment of 1877/1878 – photographing a horse at a gallop – as the decisive moment when the art of photography was brought up to speed with the pace of natural motion (Figure 1). Later aptly termed 'chronophotography,' Muybridge's innovation represented a marked deviation from the standard temporal relationship between the camera and the photographic subject. Instead of altering the natural pace of a body to match that of the film, his 'stop-motion' images pushed wet-plate technology to the edge of its capacity. Using a bank of twelve cameras fitted with electro-magnetic shutters (developed in consultation with Leland Stanford's railroad technicians), his photographs isolated infinitesimal segments of action, depicting bodily motion during fractions of a second instead of minute-long durations.3 In essence, Muybridge's photographs allowed time and


To gain a better understanding of how highway bridges in Alabama are performing in the area of durability/longevity, a review of the historical bridge records of the Alabama Department of Transportation was performed. Because of the large number of bridges, it was decided to select the subset of old bridges that were replaced during the 1980–93 period to evaluate their durability performance. Based on an analysis of this data subset, the most structurally deficient major component was the deck, followed by the substructure. The superstructure performed best. The worst performing subcomponents were the wearing surface, deck structure, curbs, expansion joints, abutment wings, and abutment backwall. The best performing subcomponents were the drains, rivet/bolt/weld connections, and piers or bents. The major reason for decks to fail functionally was the deck geometry. However, the structural condition of decks at the time of functional obsolescence was also near failure. The data indicated that simple span construction was superior to continuous span construction for enhancing durability. Simple spans excelled in performance in every component and subcomponent except for the curbs, columns of the bents or piers, and the alignment of members.


Twenty-seven samples in the series of mixed double perovskites of the type A2NiWO6 where A is a suitable alkaline earth cation or combination of such cations (Ca, Ca with Sr, Sr, Sr with Ba, or Ba) have been prepared using NiWO4 as a starting material. The structures of the oxides have been determined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction methods, with additional neutron patterns being collected for a smaller number of samples. These studies demonstrated the symmetry increases with the average size of the A-site cation (rA) as follows:  . Temperature-dependent structural studies have been undertaken for selected samples.


The purpose of this investigation is to compare the changes in the achievement and self-concept of students in CVAE programs which result from the use of group counseling and group-individual counseling.


There is disagreement about entitlement to, and the scope, of intellectual property rights over research knowledge. This article explores jurisprudential perspectives on ownership of research knowledge. It also features the conflict between African and western conceptions of intellectual property, and how this has affected the exploitation of indigenous knowledge with the resultant impact on traditional knowledge institutions. In modern times, the allocation of rights is relatively settled in such relationships as between employer and employee, the researcher and the funder. Between researcher and publisher, digital technology, which ensures wider circulation, has led to claims for a re-definition of the relationship under which the researcher traditionally licensed his copyright to the publisher. A similar re-definition is called for with respect to research subjects in certain research environments. In particular, the result of research conducted with user-generated data in multi-sided business models like social media sites is implicated. The research finds that there is no generic solution that will apply to all relationships but that laws should be tailored to each relationship pair, in line with the suggestions in this paper. African traditional knowledge is denied protection by criteria such as non-disclosure because of the African collectivist notion of person. While Africans are collectivist, westerners are individualistic. It is concluded that on closer inspection there are analogues in African and western notions of intellectual property that could be used to resolve seeming conflicts and protect traditional knowledge.


The NO-Ar van der Waals complex has been generated in the molecular beam. The complex in the E2Σ+ state has been studied by using the resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization technique with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Two sort of excitations spectra have been measured; one is the E2Σ+-X2II excitation spectrum and the other is the E2Σ+ - A2Σ+ excitation spectrum. The 0-0 band of the complex is red-shifted by 496.8 cm-1- from that of bare NO. The binding energy of NO (E2Σ+)-Ar is determined to be 585 cm-1 and the progression due to the stretching van der Waals mode measured is extremely complex. The results are compared with those obtained for NO (A2Σ+)-Ar and NO+ (X1Σ+)-Ar complexes.


Silicone Pressure Sensitive Adhesives (PSAs) were made from trimethylchlorosilane, ethylorthosilicate and octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane. The effect of composition, formulation, and reaction conditions on the performance of the silicone PSAs was discussed. The suitable reaction temperature and the reactant molar ratio of Me 3 SiCl to (EtO) 4 Si for the synthesis of a so-called MQ resin are 15 - 35 °C and 0.7:1, the formulation's resin-to-gum ratio being 1.2:1 - 1.5:1. This paper describes the preparation of a mica and glass cloth tape composite by using the silicone PSAs and its application in the manufacture of fireproof cables usable at above 750°C. It was proved that the properties are consistent with IEC331.


This work presents the implementation of a topology optimization method based on level set method in massively parallel computer architectures, in particular on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Such architectures are becoming so popular during last years for complex and tedious scientific computation. They are composed of dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of cores specially designed for parallel computing. The speedup process consists of using these graphic units to exploit data parallelism of expensive and parallelizable parts of the method, while non-parallelizable parts are calculated in standard processing units (CPUs). The aim is to avoid data transfer delays between GPU and CPU memories. The paper analyses the computational complexity of the different steps of the method. On the one side, the parallelization of finite element method is discussed, including stiffness assembly and different solvers on the GPUs. On the other side, the parallelization of specific operations for the level set method is also analyzed, including shape and topology sensitivity analyses. The implementation of the method is benchmarked with several tests. In these tests, the massively parallel results are compared with the sequential version of the method. The results show the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of this method using massively parallel computer architecture.


High density polyethylene exfoliated graphene nanoplatelet (GnP) composites were produced by melt extrusion and injection molding. Bulk specimens were manufactured for mechanical testing (tensile, flexural and Izod impact tests) and films were produced for the measurement of the permeation to oxygen and fuel. 3 different grades of graphene nanoplatelets with different diameters (from 15 to 0.3 micron), thicknesses (from 6 to 2 nm, respectively) and surface areas (from 100 to 750 m/g, respectively) were investigated over a range of concentrations from 0.2 wt. % to 7.5 wt. %. The stiffness of the GnP nanocomposites was greatly improved without a loss of the strength. The impact resistance decreased. A clear decrease of the permeation to both oxygen and fuel was measured. An increase of the crystallinity was induced by the nucleation sites provided by the surface of the platelets. The thermal stability was also notably improved. The maximum concentration of platelets tested in this study did not result in any increase in electrical conductivity. The percolation threshold was not reached because of the limited dispersion of the particles in the polymer melt. The evolution of the properties depended on the type of platelets, their concentration and their dispersion.


Model Parameters is one of the most key factors in the system simulation, for its different values would lead to different results, and further it would result in making different decisions. So the analysis of model parameters and its effective region would be very important to the simulation activity, as well as to the users.


AbstractLet V be a closed surface, H⊑π1(V) a subgroup of finite index l and D=[A1,...,Am] a collection of partitions of a given number d≥2 with positive defect v(D). When does there exist a connected branched covering f:W→V of order d with branch data D and f∶W→V
 It has been shown by geometric arguments [4] that, for l=1 and a surface V different from the sphere and the projective plane, the corresponding branched covering exists (the data D is realizable) if and only if the data D fulfills the Hurwitz congruence v(D)э0 mod 2. In the case l>1, the corresponding branched covering exists if and only if v(D)э0 mod 2, the number d/l is an integer, and each partition Ai∈D splits into the union of l partitions of the number d/l. Here we give a purely algebraic proof of this result following the approach of Hurwitz [11].The realization problem for the projective plane and l=1 has been solved in [7,8]. The case of the sphere is treated in [1, 2, 12, 7].


In an earlier ASHRAE paper (Diamond and Hunn 1981), monthly and annual electric and fuel energy use predicted by the DOE-2 building energy analysis computer program was compared with measured energy use for five commercial buildings in a variety of climates. In each case, DOE-2 was run by an experienced analyst who was familiar with DOE-2 and the building analyzed. As an extension of this study, a comprehensive experiment was conducted by the Los Alamos National Laboratory to test the effect that the user had on the predicted results. The objective was to obtain a quantified characterization of the effects of the user under typical design conditions where detailed input data are not available initially but are improved or refined as the design process progresses. The results indicate how the judgement of different experienced users, and/or their interpretation of the input data, affect the dispersion (scatter) of energy use calculations made with DOE-2. In this experiment a round-robin of simulations of four commercial buildings was conducted; six contractors, each an experienced user of the program, ran DOE-2 for each of the buildings. Three levels of increasingly refined input data were used by each of the contractors. Results are presented, inmore » terms of root-mean-square (rms) deviations from the predicted mean monthly and annual energy use for the cases of (1) uncontrolled input, (2) refined input, and (3) input constrained by the Standard Evaluation Technique defined for the Building Energy Performance Standards proposed by DOE.« less


We read with great interest the recent publication by Bohan et al.1 published in the April 2016 issue of American Surgeon, which describes a case of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) three months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The authors discuss a rare case of WE due to thiamine deficiency in a 27-year-old female patient who underwent LSG. According to the manuscript, WE was suspected due to the patient's recent history of bariatric procedure and the unusual neurological findings, whereas the diagnosis was confirmed by the low serum thiamine levels. The aforementioned case report is interesting due to the fact that it describes not only a rare, but also a serious complication after LSG, which is associated with significant increase in morbidity and mortality. After reading the aforementioned case report, we have noticed that in the literature there has been a dramatic increase of the cases of WE after LSG during the recent years (Fig. 1).2, 3 More specifically, although only two cases of WE after LSG were referred until 2011, the following years 17 new cases have been reported in the literature. There are a number of solid reasons for the aforementioned increase. First, the increase of this serious complication correlates with the popularity of LSG over the last years. Although LSG is one of the newest restrictive operations, it has gradually become the second most used bariatric operation worldwide, closer to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Second, the risk of micronutrient deficiencies after restrictive bariatric procedures is lower than after malabsorbitive procedures and as a result, physicians are not highly suspicious as regard the diagnosis of WE after LSG.2 Last but not the least, due to the fact that the majority of patients undergoing LSG does not receive the appropriate nutrition care, including the supplementation of thiamine, it is more common to develop WE, especially after prolonged vomiting episode.4


An experimental procedure is described which permits the unsteady response of a rotating blade row to spatial variations in its inlet flow to be determined from measurements of the time-mean total pressure. This procedure has been employed to determine the unsteady circulation of a non-lifting rotor as a function of reduced frequency for two values of space-chord ratio. Comparisons of these experimental data are made with a recent theoretical analysis of the indirect or design problem of unsteady lift in a moving two-dimensional cascade. Both the experimental and theoretical data are shown to exhibit the same trends with variations in space-chord ratio and reduced frequency. These results demonstrate that the unsteady blade interference effects are significant, and that the representation of the unsteady response of a turbomachine blade row as an isolated airfoil is not valid for reduced frequencies less than 1.2.Copyright © 1973 by ASME


Hydrogen sulfide formation with biogenic origin is one of the most important sources of hydrogen sulfide production in most of gas and oil reservoir all over the world. This process is often observed in reservoir which have undergone flooding from sea water in tertiary oil recovery programs. Traditionally, treatment is utilized in order to overcome the problems of hydrogen sulfide presence. Recent studies show that utilizing these components is often expensive and ineffective. In recent years, in most important oil companies, the use of nitrate-based components to control, prevent, and eliminate biogenic sulfate in produced water re-injection systems from tank or sea water reinjection have excellent use of biocide components. This method is based on the selective replacement of sulfate reduced harmful bacteria (SRB), which are main factors in sulfide production with a set useful micro-organisms that are naturally found in the reservoir and their growth is improved by nitrate-based components. This technology is called BioCompetitive Exclusion (BCX). This technology not only controls hydrogen sulfide, but also has impressive use in tertiary oil recovery plans, with its mechanism being examined in this article.


A process for producing scratch-resistant COATINGS characterized in that the coating medium APPLIES has, hardened state, a storage modulus E 'in a range of RUBBER - ELASTICO at least 10 SUP, 7.6 A PAS , and a loss factor TANG DL 20 C a maximum of 0.10. The storage modulus E 'and the loss factor measured by Thermodynamic analysis - MECHANICS OF FILMS FREE HOMOGENEOUS WITH A LAYER THICKNESS 40 MI M, +10. Likewise discloses the use of this procedure to apply several layers HANDS AND NAIL LACQUER, AND COATING SUITABLE FOR HALF TO PRACTICE THIS PROCEDURE.


Despite the steady decline of common carriers--in the air, on rail, and by bus--the rural transportation industry might unlock the door to a promising future by finding a key in the past.


With the use of droughts indexes on Subtropical South Hemisphere, we have detected: a) statistically stationary conditions on average during the period 1880-1980 and b) an important positive tendency to droughts between 1980-2013. This recent tendency to regional droughts is coincident with the actual processes of Global Warming. The hypothesis of an acceleration of the Hadley Circulation (HC) is present with global warming, which would reduce precipitation in subtropical aridsemi arid zone and increase rainfall in the Intertropical Convergence. This process was confirmed by the precipitation data of Reanalysis I, with an inverse correlation between the two regions. These droughts indexes also show the more presence of an interdecadal variability signal (PDO) and El Niño/South Oscillation (ENSO) at low and high frequencies. Most of the variances in these regions have been explained by long climate changes. ENSO high frequency changes are present and they behaved in an inverse way as expected between both South Pacific Ocean coasts. When the group was analyzed as a subtropical anticyclone band or regional in Chile, Australia and South of Africa, it did not disturb the large-scale signs that are highlighted in this study. KeywordsTrends; Droughts Index; Subtropical South Hemisphere


The ability of eight natural adsorbents were investigated for adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose level and equi-librium contact time were optimized in batch adsorption technique. A detailed Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) study of adsorbents and Cr(VI) loaded adsorbents at the optimized condition was carried out to identify the different functional groups that were responsible for the adsorption. The important functional groups like hydroxyl, alkene, aromatic nitro, carboxilate anion, silicon oxide, sulphonic acid etc. were present in the natural adsorbent and were responsible for the chemical adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The sorption energy calculated from Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm indicated that the adsorption process were chemical in nature.


Objective To compare image quality and lesion conspicuity on low-dose abdominal CT images reconstructed with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction(ASIR) and filtered back projection(FBP) techniques.Methods Twenty-two patients with clinically diagnosed liver lesions underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal multiphase CT examination.Images were acquired with different tube current-time products(150 mAs,100 mAs) and encompassed liver lesions over 10 cm scan length.Images were reconstructed separately with FBP and three levels of ASIR(30%,50% and 70%).The volume CT dose index(CTDIvol),image noise,and image quality scores were compared.Results Compared with FBP,ASIR reconstruction technique greatly reduced image noise,improved image quality and diagnostic confidence(all P0.001).The diagnostic confidence was better when images were reconstructed with 30%ASIR at 150 mAs and 50%ASIR at 100 mAs,respectively,while CTDIvol value was 12.74 mGy and 8.54 mGy,respectively,lower than that of routine image(P0.05).Compared with FBP,the average noise reduction for liver,background muscle and portal vein at 150 mAs with 30%ASIR,50%ASIR and 70%ASIR were(18.74%,30.39%,41.49%),(18.73%,30.67%,41.85%) and(22.66%,37.14%,43.61%),at 100 mAs were(20.37%,32.22%,43.32%),(18.63%,30.48%,41.57%) and(21.39%,35.09%,45.72%),respectively.The noise of the images had no difference between 30%ASIR at 100 mAs and FBP at 150 mAs(P0.05),but CTDIvol reduced by 32.96%.Conclusion ASIR has the potential to improve image quality at lower radiation dose.


A phytonutrient and plant indole found in cruciferous vegetables including broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower and kale, with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) promotes beneficial estrogen metabolism in both sexes by reducing the levels of 16hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites, resulting in increased antioxidant activity. Although this agent induces apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro, the exact mechanism by which DIM exhibits its antineoplastic activity in vivo is unknown. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020


The authors use radiation source 60Co to radiate acrylic and CMC, then to induct both graft polymerization reaction, and synthesize high water absorption fibre.This paper studies the influence of different proportions of CMC and acrylic acid and radiation dosages on performance of graft polymerization. The result indicates that graft polymerization has relatively high water absorption amounts and speed when mCMC∶mAcrylic acid∶mwater=1∶1∶10 and radiation dosage reaches 0.2 million Rader. It can absorb over 350 g of ionic water per g and can absorb over 300 g of tap water per g.


Objective To investigate the hemoglobin( HGB) and serum ferritin( SF) changes during pregnancy of women with thalassemia minor and pregnancy outcome,and to provide theoretical evidence for increasing HGB of pregnant women with minor thalassemia. Methods HGB,SF and pregnancy outcomes at different gestational weeks of 50 pregnant women with thalassemia minor( thalassemia group) were analyzed and were compared with the data of 50 healthy pregnant women( normal group). Results HGB at different gestational weeks in the normal group was all higher than that of the thalassemia group( P 0. 05 or P 0. 01),SF in early pregnancy of the normal group was lower than that of the thalassemia group( P 0. 05),but significant difference was not found after 24 weeks between the two groups( P 0. 05). HGB and SF decreased with the increased gestational weeks in both groups,but the decrease in the thalassemia group was greater than the normal group and the difference was significant( P 0. 05 or P 0. 01). The amount of bleeding during cesarean section or 2 hours after eutocia in the thalassemia group was more than that of the normal group( all P 0. 05),but there were no significant differences in percentage of cesarean section,neonates weight,and 1' Apgar score( all P 0. 05).Conclusions The HGB and SF decreases with the increased gestational weeks of women with thalassemia minor,which is similar with that of the normal pregnant women,and most are in iron deficiency at the end of pregnancy. Iron supplement based on SF is suggested for pregnant women from the 24 weeks of pregnancy,so that the adverse pregnancy outcomes resulted from iron deficiency and anemia can be avoided.


Agricultural pharmaceuticals are a major environmental concern because of their hazardous effects on human and wildlife. This study analyzed phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids (PLFAs) and quinones to investigate the effects of a steroid (17β-estradiol) and agricultural antibiotics (chlortetracycline and tylosin) on soil microbes in the laboratory. Two different types of soil were used: Sequatchie loam (0.8% organic matter) and LaDelle silt loam (9.2% organic matter). The soils were spiked with 17β-estradiol and antibiotics, alone or in combination. In Sequatchie loam, 17β-estradiol significantly increased the microbial biomass, especially the biomarkers for beta proteobacteria (16:1ω7c, 18:1ω7c, Cy17:0, and UQ-8). The coexistence of antibiotics decreased the stimulatory effect of 17β-estradiol on the microbial community. In LaDelle silt loam, there were no significant differences in total microbial biomass and their microbial community structure among the treatments. Overall, 17β-estradiol changed the microbial community of soil and the presence of antibiotics nullified the effect of 17β-estradiol. However, the effects of 17β-estradiol and antibiotics on soil microbes were sensitive to the soil properties, as seen in the LaDelle silt loam.


✉Corresponding author: Jian Yang, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China, Tel: +86-25-86869408, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com. Received: 05 March 2023; Revised: 17 May 2023; Accepted: 23 May 2023; Published online: 28 May 2023 CLC number: R96, Document code: A The authors reported no conflict of interests. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. (bp) +/+−/− 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 DEC1+/+ DEC1−/−


The present project was carried out at the Learning and Research Resources Center of the University of Pinar del Rio and it aimed to design a training program for the ABCD 2.0 Integrated Program which will assist specialists in scientific information in that same university. In order to achieve this goal, several methods were used, such as: observation, documentary analysis, logic-historical, interviews, experts` criteria, and of course all of them supported by the dialectic materialistic method. This endeavour resulted in a final product which is the program itself and its approval as a postgraduate learning tool through which specialists from all over the university have acquired the knowledge to work with the system, as well as specialists from the University of Isla de la Juventud. There's also a feature that allows answering questions from users of other institutions who have requested it online. Furthermore, such service will continue to be offered whenever needed.


SUMMARY The credibility of reports of victimization must be evaluated by police and adjudicators. The present prospective study investigated the features of truthful and fabricated narratives of trauma and their relative consistency over a 6-month period. Participants described both a genuine and fabricated traumatic experience on three occasions over the 6 months. The narrative features were coded at each phase and the stories' consistency was examined at Times 2 and 3. We found that truthful trauma narratives contained more: details, contextual information, and emotional details, and were rated as more 'plausible', relative to fabricated traumas. The details of truthful narratives also were more factually consistent than fabricated narratives over the 6 month interval. This research offers basic information on the nature and consistency of traumatic memories, and potentially applicable information for discriminating true and false allegations. Copyright # 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The Honorary Secretary, Mr. A. J. Wright, read the following annual report :? During the year twelve new members have been elected, and eight have resigned. There is now a total of 4 honorary and 171 ordinary members. The balance from the previous year was ?yy 11s. 2d., and on this year there is a balance of ?20 12s. 2d., making a total balance to date of ?98 2s. 4d. The average attendance at meetings has been 32. The Society will again in the near future have to move to temporary premises during the reconstruction of the old Blind Asylum buildings.


There are mainly two problems with the current feature extraction methods used in the electrostatic monitoring of rolling bearings, which affect their abilities to identify early faults: (1) since noises are mixed in the electrostatic signals, it is difficult to extract weak early fault features; (2) traditional time and frequency domain features have limited ability to provide a quantitative indicator of degradation state. With regard to these two problems, a new feature extraction method for rolling bearing fault diagnosis by electrostatic monitoring sensors is proposed in this paper. First, the spectrum interpolation is adopted to suppress the power-frequency interference in the electrostatic signal. Then the resultant signal is used to construct Hankel matrix, the number of useful components is automatically selected based on the difference spectrum of singular values, after that the signal is reconstructed to remove background noises and random pulses. Finally, the permutation entropy of the denoised signal is calculated and smoothed using the exponential weighted moving average method, which is used to be a quantitative indicator of bearing performance state. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively remove noises and significantly bring forward the time when early faults are detected.


ABSTRACT The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the cognitive process by which individuals who critically and mindfully evaluate news stories and who elaborate more on cross-cutting views will be more likely to have enhanced democratic norms. This study employs a national survey collected by the media institute of the Korean Broadcasting System in 2021. The findings of structural equation modeling (SEM) shed light on how individuals engage in cognitive mechanisms for democratic norms, indicating that those who often use news and evaluate it in a critical and mindful manner are more likely to endorse democratic norms as they often talk with cross-cutting networks and elaborate different thoughts of other discussants.


SCIENTIFIC LIFE: Information about a scientific conference, held on 26 November 2004 at the University of National and World Economy in Sofia.


SummaryRepair kinetics of DNA strand breaks were investigated after exposing exponentially growing CHO cells to X-radiation or to internal β-rays from incorporated tritium, respectively. DNA strand breaks were analysed by the alkaline unwinding technique followed by chromatography on hydroxyapatite. For either type of radiation, the repair kinetics are statistically best described by a sum of three exponential components. The half-times determined are τI ∼ 2 min, τII ∼ 20 min and τIII ∼ 170 min; they are identical for both types of radiation. But the initial fractions of the components are different for X- and internal β-rays; X-rays: fI = 0·70, fII = 0·25, fIII = 0·05; internal β-rays: fI = 0·40, fII = 0·40, fIII = 0·20. Components I and II are considered to represent the repair of two different classes of single-strand breaks and component III the repair of double-strand breaks. Two alternative interpretations for the occurrence of the two classes of single-strand breaks are discussed.


An important factor in the impressive history of steel water storage tanks has been the use of proven design rules and procedures developed jointly by the users and builders of these units. Today's steel water tanks are designed, fabricated, inspected, and tested in accordance with standards of AWWA (D100). or NFPA (Bulletin No. 22). These standards reflect past experience and practice. Only steel water storage tanks have the benefit of this type of reliability assurance. The AWWA standards provide the designer with minimum requirements for the materials used in the


In the spring of 1314, the three daughters-in-law of King Philip the Fair of France were seized as adulteresses, and two young knights, their alleged lovers, were brutally put to death at Pontoise, their property confiscated.1 The knights in question were brothers, Philippe
 and Gautier d'Aulnay, whose actions brought singular dishonor to their line and to their father Gautier, a faithful vassal and supporter of Count Charles of Valois, Philip the Fair's brother and close confidant.2 Two of the king's disgraced daughters-in-law were
 sent to the Norman fortress of Château-Gaillard. The oldest, Marguerite of ducal Burgundy (ca. 1289‐1315), the daughter of the late Duke Robert of Burgundy (1248‐1306) and of Saint Louis's daughter Agnes of France († 1327), was married to Louis (1289‐1316,
 r. 1314‐1316), king of Navarre and heir to the throne of France. Taken with her was Blanche of Artois and comital Burgundy (1296/1297‐1325/1326), wife of the king's third son Charles of La Marche (1294‐1328, r. 1322‐1328), and daughter of the late Count Othon
 of Burgundy († 1303) and of Mahaut († 1329), countess of Artois and Burgundy. Jeanne (1287/1288‐1330), Blanche's elder sister and wife of Philip of Poitiers (1290/1291‐1322, r. 1316‐1322), enjoyed prestige and standing the other two lacked because of
 the great landed inheritance, the county of Burgundy, which she had brought to her marriage. Perhaps because of this, perhaps because her guilt seemed less clear than that of the others, she was treated differently and imprisoned near Paris, at Dourdan. After Philip the Fair died on 29 November
 1314, Jeanne was released, around Christmastime, declared innocent after proceedings in the Parlement of Paris. News of the shocking and unprecedented scandal spread throughout the realm of France and beyond its borders. Marguerite and Blanche were generally considered guilty, even though
 there was wonderment at how the affair could have taken place.3


Voluntary social insurance is the type of social insurance that an employee voluntarily participates in, it is allowed the employee to choose the payment rate and method of payment in accordance with his/her income, based on the general regulations of the State. Accordingly, this is an additional form of compulsory social insurance in the context of not implementing compulsory social insurance for all employees. This is an opportunity for employees to have an additional means of ensuring their financial condition against risks and incidents in life. However, the actual results indicate that the number of voluntary social insurance participants has increased rapidly but is not commensurate with its potential. This study aims to examine the effects of perceptions of benefits and perceptions of risk on attitudes towards voluntary social insurance based on a survey conducted on 245 workers in the informal sectors in Hanoi. The research results show that, as expected and consistent with previous studies, the attitude towards participating in social insurance is actually influenced by the participants' perception of benefits and risks. Accordingly, it is necessary to focus on increasing these perceptions for employees as the solutions to change attitudes with voluntary social insurance. This will promote the intention and behavior of employees to participate in social insurance in the informal sector, thereby contribute to ensure social security.


The principles and practice of palliative care promote a model of care centred on the concept of quality of life. This philosophy is increasingly being recognized and realized internationally as a new caring paradigm. This month's Web Words looks at some sites that help to develop our knowledge and understanding of the interest in, and issues facing, palliative care across the globe.


Cellulose is the most abundant renewable organic resource in the world.It has great realistic meaning for human being to solve environment pollution,food shortage and energy crisis that using cellulase produced by microorganism.There are a large number of uncultured microorganisms can not be cultured by traditional methods in nature.It provides a new screening way for the screening of cellulase,which screens the cellulase gene by constructing metagenomic library.This paper reviews the progress of uncultured microorganisms,the research of metagenomics and screening cellulase genes from uncultured microorganisms,which provides a theoretical basis for further research on cellulase.


read with a great deal of interest the recently published meta-analysis of Maharaj and Metaxa [1] describ ing the eff ects of levosimendan on mortality after coronary revascularization. Th e authors concluded that levosimen-dan is able to reduce mortality in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. Th eir conclu sion, however, is unreliable and misleading for several reasons. Th e basic reason is that their meta-analysis did not include comparable studies, thus violating the basic principle of meta-analysis. We believe that the inclusion in meta-analyses of studies so radically diff erent is a methodological bias: characteristics of patients, doses used and timing of drug administration were discordant enough to make a true meta-analysis impossible. What is missing is a critical analysis of individual studies: the authors have only tried to give a pooled estimate of eff ectiveness of levosimendan administration. As Green [2] points out about meta-analyses: 'Meta-analysis should only be performed when the studies are similar with respect to population, outcome and intervention. ' Th e article of Moharaj and Metaxa does not follow these simple principles. We believe it is not correct to include in the same analysis studies where levo-simendan is used for the treatment of postoperative cardiogenic shock and studies where it is used as ischemic preconditioning before cardiopulmonary bypass [3,4]. For example, the study of Tritapepe and colleagues [5] included in this meta-analysis describes the eff ects of a single low dose (24 mcg/kg) of levosimendan infused before cardiopulmonary bypass in patients under going surgical myocardial revasculariza-tion only for the assess ment of the possible precon-ditioning eff ect of the drug. Although we believe that levosimendan is an eff ective drug for the treatment of cardiogenic shock, we also believe this meta-analysis does not provide enough evidence that levosimendan can decrease mortality after myocardial revascularization. Can a meta-analysis that mixes apples with oranges be used to demonstrate that levosimendan reduces mortality after coronary revascularization? We would like to thank Dr Meco and colleagues for their interest in our recently published meta-analysis [1]. Th e main goal of meta-analyses is to obtain a summary estimate across data sets and is substantially diff erent to the aims of an individual trial [6,7]. Accounting for trial level diff erences remains a signifi cant analytical challenge when pooling results, and we report how these diff er-ences may infl uence conclusions [8]. In our report we off er a qualitative assessment of …


Using data collected from a representative sample of public primary schools in Togo, this article analyzes the phenomenon of school massification and in particular its effect on teachers' commitment. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 129 teachers followed up with 65 interviews. Quantitative and qualitative analyzes were conducted, on the one hand, to test the validity and reliability of the measuring instrument used and, on the other hand, to test the hypotheses of this research. Regression in academic performance analyzes reveal a negative and strong relationship between the plethora of pupils in a class and teacher professional commitment. The results obtained therefore indicate more specifically negative influence of mass schooling on the professional commitment of primary school teachers.


Introduction: The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib and erlotinib are active in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations. The usual clinical dose of gefitinib (250 mg/day) is only one third of its maximum tolerated dose (MTD), while the dose of erlotinib (150 mg/day) is at its MTD. In NSCLC cell lines both TKIs have similar micromolar (μM) inhibitory concentrations. We explored if erlotinib at 25 mg/day (presumed trough serum concentration similar to gefitinib 250 mg/day at around 0.5 μM) would be active in EGFR mutated NSCLC. Methods and Patients: To study inhibitory concentrations of gefitinib and erlotinib, we studied EGFR mutated cell lines (HCC827, H3255, PC-9, H1975) exposed to increasing concentrations of these TKIs. Further on, we performed a retrospective evaluation of seven patients with advanced EGFR mutated (exon 19 deletions and L858R) NSCLC that were given erlotinib at 25 mg daily as their first EGFR TKI. Results: In EGFR mutated cell lines, both gefitinib and erlotinib had median IC 50 inhibitory concentrations with similar values and statistical correlation (Pearson r = 0.9999, p 50 of gefitinib and erlotinib was confirmed using a separate published dataset of 8 EGFR-mutant NSCLC lines (r = 0.9919, p Conclusions: In patients with EGFR activating mutations, a dose of erlotinib 25 mg/day leads to impressive response rate and PFS similar to the growing experience with gefitinib 250 mg/day and erlotinib 150 mg/day. Identifying prospectively the clinically-active dose ranges of erlotinib and gefitinib will help further personalize care for patients with tumors harboring EGFR mutations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1784.


In order to ensure the right of self-determination of women, most of countries allow women to buy post-coital contraceptive pills or general medical supplies with ease. This study aims to analyze how ordinary people recognize and respond to post-coital contraceptive pills through collecting atypical data by using the keyword 'Contraception', rather than using the existing actual condition survey, such as questionnaire and interview, so that the results have been presented, which may be referred to for establishment of policies.


2. Abstract space-time. We need first an axiomatic foundation strong enough to support both our mathematical considerations and their applications to physics. DEFINITION. An n+1 dimensional space-time (n*tl) consists of (A) An n+1 dimensional vector space V over the real numbers plus a symmetric bilinear real form A »B (inner product) such that: (1) There exists a vector A with A -A <0 . (2) Any 2-dimensional sub space of V contains a vector A with A-A>0. (B) A set x of objects p,q, • • • (points or "events") plus a mapping {pi <Ù~*P~Q. °f x X x into V such that: (1) (p-a) + <St-r)=p-r. (2) p—q = 0 implies p = q. (3) Given any point q and any vector A there exists a point p with p-q = A. Any V satisfying (A) yields a model of space-time (vector spacetime) on setting x = V. The Minkowski model V—X^^M consists of all w + 1-tuples of real numbers x = (xiy • • • , xn, xn+i) with x-y =#iyi+ • • • +%nyn—xn+iyn+i. (When n = 3, X4 = ct, where t is time and c is the velocity of light.) Every n+l dimensional vector spacetime is isomorphic to R?M, but this result is physically misleading. Eventually we set n = 3, x = the physical space-time continuum, and F=(§4, the spin model of (vector) space-time we shall construct.


In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of dilution type cold patch asphalt mixture (CPAM), basic performances and deformation behaviors of dilution type CPAM under different stress modes were tested. The compaction performance and stability increasing property of CPAM were tested by rotation compaction test and Marshall stability test. The deformation behaviors of CPAM were tested by rolling test, small beam bending test and penetration shear test. Results show that when the using temperature is below 25°C, the compaction ability of CPAM is affected by temperature. The evaporation rate of organic solvents is slow, and affects the strength growing and rolling deformation behavior. It needs about 10d for the stability of CPAM rising to 3kN. The residue of organic solvents may lead the deformation of CPAM to constantly instability under rolling load. The stretching deformation and penetration shear deformation are affected by temperature. The low temperature and high temperature performance of CPAM is below standard requirements of hot asphalt mixture (HMA).


This research aims to analyze the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on accounting prudence in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. The variables tested in this research were size of the board of commissioners, independence of the board of commissioners and types of auditors as independent variables and accounting prudence as the dependent variable.
This study uses a sample consisting of 264 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015 - 2017. Sampling was done using a purposive sampling method with certain criteria. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results of the analysis of this research indicate that the independent variables namely size of board of commissioners have a negative effect on accounting prudence while independence of the board of commissioners and types of auditor have a positive effect on accounting prudence.


Recent decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada have some potentially important implications for the federal-provincial division of powers over telecommunications. Consolidated Fastfrate Inc. v. Western Canada Council of Teamsters, which established that freight-forwarders are not s. 92(10)(a) undertakings, raises a new question about which level of government has constitutional authority over non-facilities-based telecommunications service providers. At the same time, the line of cases beginning with Canadian Western Bank v. Alberta, which restricted the scope of the doctrine of interjurisdictional immunity, means that telecommunications service providers subject to federal jurisdiction are potentially subject to provincial laws in a broader range of circumstances. This article explores how recent case law is redefining the scope of federal authority over telecommunications.


Designed to accompany "Essential Immunology", this four-volume slide atlas closely follows the framework of the book. Each side has a heading to focus attention on the information being presented, and there is a handbook which contains notes for each slide to assist presentations. All major areas of immunology are covered, including innate and acquired immunity, the immunologically relevant cells and tissues, the recognition of antigens, the development and control of immune responses, immunity to infection, vaccination, immunodeficiencies, allergy, autoimmunity, transplantation, tumour immunology, and immunological assays and tests.


The crystallization kinetics of nanoscale cerium dioxide particles prepared by Pechini method was investigated by various non-isothermal methods using differential scanning calorimetry. The activation energies for the crystallization calculated from modified Kissinger and Ozawa equations are 19.7 and 22.4 kJ/mol, respectively, which are much lower than that of solid-state reaction. The Avrami exponent calculated from Ozawa equation is about 1.5, indicating that the nucleation process is controlled by long-range diffusion in the early stage, and the small nuclei grow into various shapes. The nucleation rate decreases as the reaction proceeds. In addition, the kinetics of crystal growth was also studied.


This paper describes an optimal tuning method for swing reduction of a gondola lift by an inclined pendulum-type dynamic absorber. The behavior of two fixed points of the inclined pendulum-type dynamic absorber attached to a pendulum-type main system is investigated. As a result it is found that optimal tuning can be obtained by choosing certain values of the inertia and natural frequency ratio of the dynamic absorber to the main system. It is also found that the maximum value of the dynamic amplification factor can be decreased to a satisfactory value, which is less than 10, using an inclined pendulum-type dynamic absorber whose dimensions are acceptable in practice. Theoretical results are confirmed by experiment.


APPROACHES TAKEN BY MAJOR INVESTIGATORS OF THE SOIL- TRACK SYSTEM ARE REVIEWED AND THE FACILITIES, TECHNIQUES, AND LONG-RANGE PROGRAM THAT THE U. S. ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION WILL USE TO DEVELOP A COMPREHENSIVE, QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF SOILS UNDER TRACK LOADS ARE DESCRIBED IN DETAIL. THE REPORT ALSO INCLUDES A COMPREHENSIVE LIST OF DEFINITIONS OF MOBILITY TERMS APPLICABLE TO THE SOIL-TRACK SYSTEM. THE LABORATORY MODEL TRACK TO BE USED IN THE PROGRAM IS A FAIRLY LARGE-SCALE SINGLE- TRACK SYSTEM DESIGNED FOR USE IN A DYNAMOMETER CARRIAGE-SOIL BIN ARRANGEMENT. THE SYSTEM IS EXTREMELY VERSATILE AND CAN BE ADJUSTED AS NECESSARY TO EVALUATE THE MANY VARIABLES THAT INFLUENCE STRAIGHT-LINE TRACK PERFORMANCE IN SOIL. INITIALLY, THE MODEL TRACK WILL BE USED TO DETERMINE THE PRIMARY INDEPENDENT PARAMETERS FOR TRACKS OPERATING IN AIR-DRY SAND. THE VALUES OF THE PRIMARY PARAMETERS WILL BE VARIED IN LATER TESTS TO DEVELOP A BASIC-PARAMETER TRACK PERFORMANCE PREDICTION TERM. FINALLY, THE INFLUENCE OF THE PARAMETERS NOT INCLUDED IN THE BASIC-PARAMETER PREDICTION TERM WILL BE DETERMINED, AND THE PREDICTION TERM MODIFIED TO INCLUDE FUNCTIONS OF ANY ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS THAT INFLUENCE TRACK PERFORMANCE IN SAND SIGNIFICANTLY. A SIMILAR PROGRAM OF TESTS WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP A MEANS FOR PREDICTING TRACK PERFORMANCE IN FINE-GRAINED SOILS. TESTS TO DETERMINE TRACK PERFORMANCE IN LAYERED SOIL SYSTEMS ARE ALSO PLANNED. IN THE FINAL STAGES OF THE PROGRAM, THE DATA DEVELOPED IN THE TESTS WILL BE USED TO EVALUATE EXISTING TRACK PERFORMANCE THEORIES AND, IF NECESSARY, TO DEVELOP A NEW THEORY. FIELD TESTS WILL THEN BE CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE TO WHAT EXTENT LABORATORY-DEVELOPED TRACK PERFORMANCE PREDICTION TERMS MUXT BE MODIFIED TO PREDICT IN-THE- FIELD PERFORMANCE. APPENDIX A DESCRIBES THE PLACKETT- BURMAN TEST DESIGN, WHICH WILL BE USED TO IDENTIFY THE MOST IMPORTANT VARIABLES OF THE SYSTEM WITH A MINIMUM OF TESTING. APPENDIX B PRESENTS THE WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION MOBILITY INDEX FORMULAS FOR TRACKED VEHICLES. /AUTHOR/


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Abstract A highly sensitive and convenient Brewster angle method is reported for the accurate determination of the refractive index values for a biaxial crystal. The method is demonstrated for the near infrared through visible spectral ranges with the biaxial organic crystal MNA (2-methyl-4-nitroaniline) well known for its large nonlinear optical coefficients.


The study was the first in Uganda to assess the responses of fish community assemblages to introduced woody debris structures in a tropical river in Eastern Uganda. For comparison purposes, two different woody debris structures (simple and complex) were introduced in river Nabongo, and their effect on fish assemblage and feeding was established based on experiments conducted in two heterogeneous stream environments (a pool and a riffle). Results showed that sampling plots treated with restoration structures registered higher fish species richness, diversity, and abundance than sampling plots without restoration structures (control plots) at each site. The study (experiment) applied a stratified sampling design which used purposive identification of a pool and a riffle in River Nabongo Catchment. Fish were captured using a drift net, an electro-fishing gear, and a hand net. Data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA generated from STATA version 14. At the pool site, total fish density varied significantly from plot to plot (P<0.05) but was highest in the complex structures with 64±1.08 fishes/m2 and lowest with 24±0.82 fishes/m2 in untreated plots. K-factor did not vary significantly in untreated plots at the pool site but significantly differed from treated plots at P<0.05. The relative abundance of fish species at the pool site was highest in the complex structures with 40.7±0.66% and 21.5±0.42% before structures but was least in the control plot, varying significantly from plot to plot at P<0.05. It was concluded that woody debris restoration is an effective stream restoration technique. Fish individuals, trophic groups, and taxa more densely colonised sampling plots that had structures than those that did not have structures.


Domain-specific languages for network packet processing applications emphasize representing domain entities, such as packet protocol headers, and emphasize program speed, due to the relentless increase in packet transmission rates. In addition to these concerns, packetC makes app reliability a major aspect of its design, not least because in a single second a silent programming error can send a million packets into oblivion or send sensitive information to inappropriate destinations. Our contributions to constructing a reliable packet processing language are: (1) overhauling C-style structure bitfields to eliminate ambiguity, (2) constraining enumeration variables to guarantee type-safe properties, (3) providing novel reference variables for databases and regex sets and doing so in a way in which they cannot be dereferenced to inappropriate objects, and (4) offering a coercive try/catch exception handling scheme to ensure that system-thrown exceptions are wrapped within a try/catch structure for exception handling. In a broad sense our contribution is making reliability a central design criterion in designing a DSL for packet processing, an application domain in which performance has gotten much more attention.


The expected profiles of the water produced from the mature ADNOC fields in the coming years imply a 5-fold increase and the OPEX of the produced / injected water will increase considerably. This requires in-situ water separation and reinjection. The objective is to reduce the cost of handling produced water and to extend the well natural flow performance resulting in increased and accelerated production.
 The current practice of handling produced water is inexpensive in the short term, but it can affect the operating cost and the recovery in the long term as the expected water cut for the next 10-15 years is high. A new water management tool called downhole separation technology was developed. It separates Oil & Gas from produced water inside the wellbore and injects the produced water into the disposal wells. The Downhole Oil Water Separation Technology is one of the key development strategies that will reduce the handling Produced water, improve the recovery, and minimize field development cost by eliminating surface water treatment and disposal well. The main benefits for DHOWS are to accelerate Oil Offtake, reduce Production Cost, Lower Water Production and Improve facility Utilization. DHOWS require specific criteria to meet the objectives of the well. Multi-disciplined inputs are needed to properly install effective DHOWS, but robust design often brings strong performance. This paper describes the fundamental criteria and workflow for selecting the most suitable DHOWS design for new and sidetracked wells to deliver ADNOC production mandates cost effectively while meeting completion requirements and adhering to reservoir management guidelines.


Abstract The remarkable structural and electronic properties of rigid non-conjugated hydrocarbons afford attractive opportunities to design molecular building blocks for both medicinal and material applications. The bridgehead positions provide the possibility to append diverse functional groups at specific angles and in specific orientations. The current review summarizes the synthetic development in CH functionalization of three rigid scaffolds namely: (a) cubane, (b) bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP), (c) adamantane. 1 Introduction 2 Cubane 2.1 Cubane Synthesis 2.2 Cubane Functionalization 3 Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) 3.1 BCP Synthesis 3.2 BCP Functionalization 4 Adamantane 4.1 Adamantane Synthesis 4.2 Adamantane Functionalization 5 Conclusions and Outlook


In the actual cultivation process, blind fertilizer application was widespread, resulting in a serious decline in the yield of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. We used the 3414 fertilizer experiment design to study the effects of combined Boron (B), Molybdenum (Mo), and Copper (Cu) on the growth indexes, diurnal changes of photosynthesis, and rapid fluorescence induction dynamics in P. heterophylla. Our results show that the optimal combination of B, Mo, and Cu simultaneously promoted the growth of underground and aboveground parts, and significantly improved the quality of single root tuber and yield per unit area. The best combination was treatment 9 (T9 = B, 1 g/L; Mo, 0.08 g/L; Cu, 0.05 g/L), and resulted in a 35.1% increase in yield per unit area compared with the control group (T1). Although the optimal combined application of microfertilizers did not change the bimodal trend of diurnal variation of photosynthesis, it effectively increased the daily average, peak, and valley values of the photosynthetic rate by alleviating the nonstomatal limitation and the photosynthetic midday depression. Pseudostellaria heterophylla leaves showed greater photochemical activity and less photoinhibition of photosystem II in T9. Major effects were that it helped protect the activity of the oxygen-evolving complex to reduce the oxidative damage of chloroplasts and prevent the dissociation of thylakoid. The microfertilizer application also enhanced the electron receiving ability of the QB and plastoquinone (PQ) electronic pools, thereby increasing the ability of electron transfer from QA to QB. The number of reaction centers per unit area was promoted notably by the fertilization treatment.


We have observed this 'first sample phenomenon', a Na concentration up to 30% higher than in subsequent samples, in 31 out of 43 control children. In contrast, this observation was made in only 3 out of 31 fibrocystic children. This highly significant difference (P < 0001) between the control and fibrocystic groups rules out the possibility of accidental contamination, loss of water, or interference by residual sweat.


Based on traffic engineering, the network topology is described with network graph. An algorithm for the derivation of data communication capability in network links and the analysis of connectivity performance between node pairs is given through standardized transformation of the original descriptive matrix for the link performance, and resolution of transitive closure for adjacent-incident matrix of network in view of randomness of network events, which provides a feasible way for analysis and improvement of network performance


In this article, the author proposes a critical review of emancipation through the historiography of recent decades, paying attention to new perspectives of research in the period and the publication's influence in the Public Opinion creation. It also examines the emergence and construction of a Creole identity from the seventeenth century until immediately before the start of the independence movements, highlighting, through its publications, some prominent people, like Francisco Clavigero and Juan Pablo Viscardo. Finally, the author discusses the Peninsular and American journalism in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, emphasizing the role it acquired in the period as a diffuser and catalyst of a new political language.