Abstract This paper is based on the first author's experience of experimenting with critical language pedagogy (CLP) when she was teaching in the UAE. While prior research focuses mainly on the theoretical aspects of CLP, empirical studies on the effectiveness of implementing critical approaches and developing related teaching materials in Arab EFL contexts with young learners are underrepresented. Informed by Paulo Freire's formulation of 'culture circles', this case study reports on the problem-posing literacy practice in a class of Grade 4 female Arabic students in an Abu Dhabi government school—a sample unique to both CLP and case study research. Results indicate EFL learners' increased capacity for problem posing and motivation for writing, metacognition, and application of prior knowledge during the pre-writing discussion. Findings of this study add evidence-based, practical dimensions to existing critical research, paving the way for like-minded language educators to trial CLP with young learners. ABSTRACT IN ARABIC PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY This study is the fruition of a question that had perplexed and frustrated me as an English teacher of young Grade 4 Arabic learners: 'How do I increase student talk in a way that is authentic to them, where ideas are discussed openly and earnestly?' This frustration led me to critical language pedagogy and the work of educator Paulo Freire, and in particular, his formulation of 'culture circles' with the rural poor in Brazil. His problem-posing approach where authentic dialogue and conversation was the basis of language learning captivated me. I was fascinated with the idea that such culture circles could work with young learners to encourage unrehearsed and deep conversation, drawing on the experiences of my students in relation to actual issues that troubled them. As we worked through the issue in discussing it, we could together generate some solutions. This paper outlines the way in which we formulated and conducted culture circles for young Arabic EFL learners. Results from this study revealed that giving an increased opportunity for learners to look at a problematised scenario, increased the student's ability to take different perspectives and voice their own thought processes. We saw an increased desire to write about the problems posed, and the provision of that oral rehearsal of ideas through discussion was evidenced in the students writing. More importantly, this paper is developed with the English language teacher in mind, to document working with younger learners and perhaps guide future studies in the field of critical language pedagogy.


Invariants associated with rotation about a particular axis are derived for fourth rank tensors as they are used in two-dimensional and three-dimensional elasticity. The method is based on the observation that the transformation of symmetric, second rank tensors can be described by an orthogonal matrix. The method makes it possible to graphically show the change of failure surface simply by rotating the modified stress coordinates.


This essay investigates and analyzes factors affecting town middle school students' interest in PE( physical education) adopting questionnaire and documentary data. It is concluded that students' interest in PE has a higher relevance to school, teaching contents, friends and family. The author puts forward some corresponding tactics.


Appendix to working paper titled "Beyond Signaling and Human Capital: Education and the Revelation of Ability." In that paper, we provide evidence that graduating from college plays a direct role in revealing ability to the labor market. Using the NLSY79, our results suggest that ability is observed nearly perfectly for college graduates. In contrast, returns to AFQT for high school graduates are initially very close to zero and rise steeply with experience. As a result, from the very beginning of their careers, college graduates are paid in accordance with their own ability, while the wages of high school graduates are initially unrelated to their own ability. This view of ability revelation in the labor market has considerable power in explaining racial differences in wages, education, and the returns to ability.


An exterior wall construction apparatus without the field welding and an exterior wall construction method using the same are provided to plan accurate and stable construction and to replace a part of the exterior wall in need. An exterior wall construction apparatus without the field welding and an exterior wall construction method using the same comprise a step of fixing the line the upper side of the other end of a fixed beam along the bottom surface of a cross beam(10); a step which fixes the fixed beam and lateral extensometer a first bracket(20) is fixed on the wall(2) to a first bolt(B1) and the first nut(N1); a second bracket(40) wherein a third bracket(60) is fixed with a second bolt(B2) and a second nut(N2); the third bracket wherein a vertical beam(50) is fixed with a third bolt(B3) and a third nut(N3); a step which fixes the vertical beam along the outer surface of the transverse beam; a step which fixes a fourth bracket(80) on the longitudinal beam to a fourth bolt(B4) and a fourth nut(N4); and a step which fixes a plate structure(100) in the fourth bracket.


The studies on effect of low calorie sweeteners on sensory quality of jamun RTS during storage was conducted in the Horticulture Processing Laboratory, Department of Fruit Science, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.). Sensory attributes (colour and appearance, aroma, taste and overall acceptability) of RTS were evaluated at an interval of 30 days upto 90 days during the storage. Effect of low calorie sweeteners on various treatments of jamun RTS were analyzed in Completely Randomized Design. Results indicated that fruit RTS prepared from jamun was found better in the treatment T11 {50% Equal (aspartame) + 50% Sugar}. The sensory attributes showed decreasing trend with the increase in storage period. The overall acceptability was recorded maximum in T11 treatmentand ranges from 7.97 to 7.58. Considering above sensory attributes of processed RTS, the treatments T11 {50% Equal (aspartame) + 50% Sugar} was found better for RTS preparation.


A hubble diagram with small dispersion is plotted for the brightest quasars. The slope of the straight line m (log z) is 2.24 +- 0.09. For agreement with the theoretical dependence m (log z) in the standard cosmological model it is necessary that there be a quasar luminosity decrease with time amounting to 1/subm/ per 2.5x10/sup 9/ years. The condition of constancy of the quasars' spatial density in a fixed volume of comoving space is fulfilled with a deceleration parameter q/sub 0/=4.1 +- 1.3. (AIP)


We study elastic proton-nucleus scattering at intermediate energies. The nucleon-nucleus optical potential is derived from the Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential and the Dirac-Brueckner approach for nuclear matter. Our calculations, which do not contain any adjustable parameters, yield good agreement with experiment.


In this paper, we present a duration vector model,and our analysis enables managers to understand the effects of term structure. The results help managers in their portfolio selection as they respond to interest rate changes.


The invention provides a PVC extrusion particulate material and a preparation method thereof, and preparation method of an extrusion product. The invention relates to the field of PVC extrusion materials. The PVC extrusion particulate material is prepared from the raw materials of: PVC resin, a stabilizer, an impact-resistant modifier, a lubricant, a conducting agent, and a filler. The polymerization degree of the PVC resin is 1000-1100. According to the invention, with the method, the obtained PVC extrusion grade particulate material has the advantage of well dispersed raw materials. The extrusion product produced with the extrusion particulate material has good and stable comprehensive performances such as smooth and flat appearance, static resistance, good flame retardant property, good toughness, good strength, and the like. The material can satisfy higher and higher requirements of mining and other industries. Also, during the preparation process of the extrusion product, dust pollution can be greatly reduced, and damage to the bodies of workers can be reduced.


Aim  This paper documents reconstructions of the vegetation patterns in Australia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific (SEAPAC region) in the mid‐Holocene and at the last glacial maximum (LGM).


This paper presents an improvement of utility service entrance power quality and energy transfers using an industrial-proven power converter, operated by state-of-the-art digital signal processor (DSP) and controlled with specially designed intelligent software. This service-entrance multiple- functions (SEMF) converter was designed for a Canadian public utility for its service entrance supply innovation program. This paper describes 4 key SEMF operations: active service-entrance harmonics filtering, uninterruptible supply to critical loads, energy storage conversion, and reactive power compensation. In standard practices, each of these operations requires at least one converter. However, one SEMF converter implements all operations using smart DSP controls for service entrance supply innovation that a device having such practical multiple-functions capability has not been reported. This paper details the SEMF converter design and its robust cost-effective hardware and software realization, and analyzes the converter performance that has been validated with field measurements at a utility site.


Age‐dependent renal length tables are routinely used when interpreting pediatric ultrasound. Standard renal length tables may not be accurate for HCT patients due to treatment effects on kidney size. The purpose of this study was to determine whether renal size changes from expected lengths based on age after HCT in the absence of other markers of renal disease. Four hundred and fifty renal measurements were made on 101 patients who underwent HCT between 2006 and 2010. Renal length was measured at 1–90 days pre‐HCT and at 0–30, 31–90, 91–180, and 181+ days post‐HCT. Values were compared with normal renal length tables. Average post‐HCT renal lengths were greater than established normative renal length data within every age group. Age‐adjusted average renal lengths measured at 0–30 and 31–90 days post‐transplantation were significantly larger than pre‐HCT renal lengths, with relative increases of 6.9% (4.5, 9.4; p < 0.001) and 3.9% (1.4, 6.4; p = 0.003), respectively. Average renal length did not differ significantly after 90 days post‐transplantation. HCT patients may have larger kidneys in the absence of renal disease. Awareness of the potential phenomenon of transient renal enlargement following HCT can prevent misdiagnosis and eliminate unnecessary diagnostic evaluations, interventions, anxiety, resource allocation, and financial costs.


Eco-cognitive computationalism sees computation in context, adopting the intellectual visions advanced by the cognitive science perspectives on embodied, situated, and distributed cognition. It is in this framework that we can fruitfully study the relevance in recent computer science devoted to the simplification of cognitive and motor tasks generated in organic entities by the morphological aspects. Ignorant bodies can be cognitively "domesticated" to become useful "mimetic bodies'', which originate eccentric new computational embodiments capable of rendering an involved computation simpler and more efficient. On the basis of these considerations, we will also see how the concept of computation changes, being related to historical and contextual factors, so that the "emergence'' of new kinds of computations can be epistemologically clarified, such as the one regarding morphological computation. Finally, my presentation will introduce and discuss the concept of overcomputationalism, as intertwined with the traditional concepts of pancognitivism, paniformationalism, and pancomputationalism, seeing them in a more naturalized intellectual disposition, more appropriate to the aim of bypass ontological or metaphysical overstatements.


As ubiquitous computing provide up-graded smart environments where humans desire to create various types of interaction for many kinds of media and information, the research in the area of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is being emphasized to satisfy a more convenient user interface. In particular, the gesture interaction technique has been one of the important research areas under ubiquitous computing environment since it can only utilize widespread consumer video cameras and computer vision techniques without the aid of any other devices to grasp human movements and intentions(Park, 2004; Jung, 2007). Among the gesture interaction techniques, recognition of hand poses and gestures has especially received attention due to great potential to build various and user-centric computer interfaces. The applicability of hand pose recognition is very high in applications where system users can not use existing interface devices such as a keyboard and a mouse since they are required to wear heavy protective gloves for industrial processes. Various types of gesture interfaces have been also presented in three-dimensional games based on virtual reality and these interfaces have enhanced an interest level and creativity within these environments for the users. Humans can distinguish hand poses very quickly through their complex optical systems, while it is very difficult for a computer system to rapidly and accurately understand hand poses. Therefore, many researchers have tried to simulate the human optical system, which can extract objects of interest from complex scenes and understand the context among objects. One of the major factors that disturb automatic gesture recognition is illumination change. The sudden illumination changes lead to the misunderstanding of background and foreground regions. We propose a robust hand recognition technique that can stably extract hand contours even under sudden illumination changes. Figure 1 shows the flowchart for our proposed method. The proposed method acquires the background images for a restricted duration and calculates the mean and standard deviation for the hue and hue-gradient of each pixel within the captured background images. That is, a background model for each pixel is built. The hue and hue-gradient of the input images captured in real-time are calculated and compared to those of the background images. The foreground objects are extracted based on the difference magnitude between those of the input image and the background image. To accurately extract the tight object region of interest, we calculate the eigen value and eigen


Structural and optical properties of Si-doped as well as nominally undoped GaInP epilayers grown on Germanium substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition have been investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscope and photoluminescence (PL). Si incorporation results in an increased inner band PL transition and a blue shift of PL energy with increasing temperature, which arises from the trapping states around Ge-GaInP interface due to Ge diffusion to GaInP epilayer as well as Si doping. For the inter band PL transition, a competition between the emission processes near the band edge and in the ordered GaInP domains is responsible for the inverted S shape temperature dependence of PL peaks. By analyzing the time-resolved PL results, we attribute this emission near the ordered states to the localized states due to the potential fluctuation, which is induced by the compositional inhomogeneity of Ga and In in the partially ordered GaInP.


Nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO_3) particles prepared by the sol-to-precipitate method in aqueous/organic medium served to obtain thin-layer ceramic films of the tetragonal electroactive phase. Poly(methacrylic acid) works efficiently to process the suspensions and to obtain green films. Sintering the green films under O_2–Ar atmosphere gave thin-layered ceramics of a thickness of 0.5–1.0 mm with a dielectric constant of 3750 at 20 °C (1 kHz).


Why would dictators purge members of their ruling coalition? Some argue that doing so can minimize the risk to dictators' political survival, while others contend that dictators who mount purges are motivated by the desire to share resources with fewer allies. In this study, we analyze an original dataset, compiled from biographical data on the subordinates of the founding emperors of seven ancient Chinese imperial dynasties. Analyzing the data with competing risks models, we find that military experience is a strong predictor of political purges. Emperors were less likely to execute officers who had fought in more battles, but more likely to execute commanders, especially those who had established military credentials prior to the founding of an empire. In addition, the incidence of political purges heightened toward the end of an emperor's life, which implies that the founding emperors were concerned about the security threats against their designated successors. Potential challengers came not only from the military, but also from the aristocracy. Indeed, we find that the blood relatives of the emperors were more likely to experience a mild form of purges: deprivation of titles. These findings suggest that dictators are more likely to use purges to reduce existential threats.


The gene for an IgA‐binding protein from a group A streptococcal strain was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The IgA‐binding protein, called protein Arp, was purified on IgA‐Sepharose, allowing complete purification in a single step. Analysis of protein Arp by Western immunoblotting demonstrated a major IgA‐binding band, with an apparent molecular weight of 42kD. The purified protein was shown to bind serum IgA and secretory IgA, as well as monoclonal IgA of both subclasses. There was no binding to IgM, IgD or IgE, but a weak binding to IgG. Inhibition experiments with whole bacteria indicated that IgA and IgG bind at separate sites. Experiments with immunoglobulin fragments showed that protein Arp binds to the Fc region of both IgA and IgG. The equilibrium constant of the reaction between protein Arp and polyclonal human IgA was determined to be 5.6 × 108 M‐1. Amino acid sequencing of protein Arp demonstrated a direct repeat of 7 amino acids in the NH2‐terminal region, a feature previously found in several streptococcal M proteins. This suggests that protein Arp, like M proteins, may be a streptococcal virulence factor.


IN UTILITY FIELD Portland, Ore.-The office and clerical workers employed by the Pacific Power and Light Company will soon have an opportunity to obtain the benefits of union recognition and collective bargaining according to Secretary-Treasurer Irving Enna of OEIU Local 11, which has been conducting an organizational campaign among these workers under the able direction of Ruth Flood, business representative of the local union. Initial conferences have already been held with officials of the company and of the NLRB relative to working out NLRB election details. Business Representative Flood has been working closely with the clerical staff of this company and has indicated that the workers are anxious to obtain recognition of their union and commence bargaining negotiations with the company. A move on the part of the company in granting a 9.7 percent increase in salaries and double time for overtime after an election had been requested has served to graphically illustrate to the office workers that organization brings job improvements. Utility Organization Growing The number of electric, gas, water and traction companies covered by OEIU agreements which have brought job improvements to the office workers of such concerns is growing, according to International President Paul R. Hutchings. who indicates that during the past few years the office and clerical workers of utility companies have been rapidly awakening to the fact that they can obtain substantial improvements in wages, hours and working conditions through collective bargaining through their OEIU locals. The office workers of the large Toledo Edison Company have proved the value of bargaining with a reported doubling of their rates since organization. The Tampa (Florida) Electric Company office workers have received substantial wage improvements in each of their annual contracts since their organization in 1944 as well as obtaining hours, overtime, and other employment benefits. The office staff of the various organized offices of the Public Service Co. of New Jersey have won gains through organization. This story is repeated many times in all sections of the country.


We have developed a new type of unimorph deformable mirror, designed to correct for low-order Zernike modes. The mirror has a clear optical aperture of 50 mm combined with large peak-to-valley Zernike amplitudes of up to 35 μm. Newly developed fabrication processes allow the use of prefabricated super-polished and coated glass substrates. The mirror's unique features suggest the use in several astronomical applications like the precompensation of atmospheric aberrations seen by laser beacons and the use in woofer-tweeter systems. Additionally, the design enables an efficient correction of the inevitable wavefront error imposed by the floppy structure of primary mirrors in future large space-based telescopes. We have modeled the mirror by using analytical as well as finite element models. We will present design, key features and manufacturing steps of the deformable mirror.


We believe it important for patients to be able to take a preparation which will make their reaction to alcohol undesirable until this period of re-stabilization is passed. I am convinced that patients can undo, by a few days' drinking, the "state of repair" that may have taken several months to achieve. Accordingly, we like our patients to acquire a sufficient understanding of the hazards in the first two-year period of abstinence to welcome the added protection of a disulfiram-like substance. It is pointed out to all patients that the taking of such a drug does not in any way replace the need for active participation in other aspects of a rehabilitation program, including association with Alcoholics Anonymous or other phases of the follow-up program at the clinic itself. It had been suggested to all patients that they should take disulfiram for from 18 to 24 months. Very few would continue taking it for that length of time. Accordingly, we were very much pleased to participate in the clinical trial with the new preparation. Our experience after four months' continuous use of citrated calcium carbimide leads us to the following interim conclusions. 1. Citrated calcium carbimide is less toxic than tetraethylthiuram disulfide (Antabuse) and is much better tolerated by patients as a result. Accordingly, there is real hope that more patients will continue using the drug for the length of time considered important in launching a rehabilitation progr.am. 2. As reported elsewhere in this paper, the protection afforded the patient by citrated calcium carbimide is almost instantaneous. If alcohol were taken, it is likely that there would be fewer delayed and possibly dangerous reactions with this drug than with disulfiram. 3. Since the new preparation is more rapidly eliminated from the body, it does not provide the carryover of protection for three or four days which frequently occurred when disulfiram was discontinued. However, in my opinion, this carryover of protection is of no great significance because patients who discontinue disulfiram in order to drink, do not change their minds after two to three days without the drug.


Over 80% of soybean products of in Heilongjiang Province still belong to elementary products.It has not been formed the pattern in scale for traditional,new and health-keeping soybean products.The research of deep processed soybean products in this aspect is still at the starting stage.So,we should optimize the structure of soybean products and improve product quality and enlarge the scale,increase the proportion of high-grade goods,high value added products,technology-intensive,knowledge type products.


This thesis is a qualitative and interpretative research conducted at the University of Brasilia's Graduate Program in Linguistics, on the area of Language and Society in Discourses, Social Representations and texts, in Brazil. This research proposed the thesis that the artistic discourse of Vincent van Gogh is integrated by both his pictorial and his epistolary discourse. In order to understand van Gogh's art discourse in the context of its production, the research analyzed the discourse's elements of four paintings and the discourse's elements of the letters the painter wrote about these paintings, and also, his history of life. The investigation included the input of three Linguistics' theoretical bases to analyze the pictorial and epistolary data: Multimodal Social Semiotics Theory, (TSSM) which was used to analyze the paintings' meanings production; Systemic Functional Linguistic Theory (LSF), which helped the analysis of the letters referring to the paintings; and Critical Discourse Analysis (ADC) which supported the understanding of contextual aspects of the artistic discourse by the analysing a full letter. With the employment of TSSM, LSF and ADC categories and the new categories proposed by this research, the pictorial and epistolary data were triangulated to describe the elements or discursive strategies occurrences and recurrences in both modalities. At the triangulation phase, there were applied new analysis categories such as Painterly Gesture, Transparency, Incompleteness and Artistic Threshold that constitute a contribution of this research to the field of multimodality, especially for the study of the artistic discourse. The triangulation sought to investigate the collaboration between discursive elements in both modalities surveyed, watching for this, if the discursive elements found on the paintings corresponded to any function performed by elements found in the letters. In order to describe the nature and function of such occurrences, it was examined whether and how the modes and discursive strategies in the letters occurred on the paintings; and whether and how the modes and discursive strategies on the paintings occurred in the letters. With the aid of triangulation it was possible to describe the occurrence of visual discourse elements that relate to the occurrence of corresponding elements found by the analysis of Transitivity in the letters. The events observed at the triangulation were categorized as instances of semantic and lexicalgrammatical nature. Due to the discursive elements that build meaning's interdependent nature, simultaneous occurrences were verified in the triangulation, in more than one category on the same sentence and /or in the same visual construct. The observation of patterns has shown the discursive strategies both in the paintings and the letters. To probe the connections of the nexus between the visual analysis' findings with the textual analysis' findings, the research proposed some possible ways of comparison. These possibilities were based on visual functions proposed by O'Toole (1994) and metafunctions proposed by Halliday (2014) and unfolded in different combinations according to their occurrences. The triangulation has shown the uses' recurrence of the semiotic combinations, which provided for this research to preliminarily build a panoramic view of the combined semiotic uses that may indicate the warp's internal organization of van Gogh's artistic discourse. Key-words: Van Gogh, art, multimodal discourse, social semiotics, Systemic Functional Linguistic.


surgery, a report on the progress of midwifery may, at first sight, appear to promise little that is either novel or interesting. Some may perhaps be disposed to ask, Can there be any progress worth recording in an Art which mainly consists in watching the operations of Nature? Even in those exceptional cases where Nature is at fault, have not the rLiles been long well established and clearly laid down by means of which Art assists her in working out what is, after all,


The year 1898 saw the publication of Impressions, a newly translated collection of essays by the French travel writer Pierre Loti. The foreword was supplied by Henry James, who confessed that he found Loti's portrayal of the East "beguiling," and explicitly linked the French writer's artistry to the work of imperialism. Loti's 1883 account of the "new Eden" he supposedly "discovers" in the East is inundated with depictions of golden parasols, litters, temples, palaces, and, most notably, pagodas: "A great building has been left standing in which shadows appear to be moving around a fire: inside, gilded walls, a gilded roof, the vastness of a church and the magnificence of a seraglio. It was one of the King's pagodas" (Loti 169). French soldiers set up camp in the gilded pagoda, waiting for daybreak and the chance to attack the Chinese city of Hue, a murderous venture enthusiastically recounted in Impressions. Loti's description of the conversion of the pagoda from shrine to stronghold presages the "impenetrable and inscrutable" (GB 303) pagoda Maggie encounters in James's The Golden Bowl, a novel whose very form is modeled on that strange and outlandish image. Loti's narrative is just one of a constellation of sources for the colonial figures that govern The Golden Bowl, an examination of which helps illuminate James's paradoxical and perplexing notions of composition.1 James had first written admiringly of Loti's portraits of the East in 1884, when he had been struck by Art's ability to glorify the work of empire, magnifying its own importance in the process:


Background: to assess health related quality of life (HRQoL) of children (8–12 years) and adolescents (13–18 years) with cerebral palsy (CP) and to compare it with age-matched healthy control children from the general population (GP).
Methods: prospective cohort study. HRQoL was self-reported by KIDSCREEN questionnaires. 99 families with children with CP and 237 children from the GP and their parents were enrolled. Collected data were evaluated and compared to each other across all dimensions of KIDSCREEN:
European values compared to our GP' groups, scores of children with CP and of their parents with general population groups (both children and parents); parents' reports with childrens',child and adolescent reports, age, sex, special features of CP on HRQoL.
Results: patients with CP and their parents rated their HRQoL as poorer than their GP counterparts did, except for the parent relation/home life and social support/peers dimensions. Reports given by children and their parents were correlated. Children and adolescents had similar scores. Assessments of children and their parents were in a medium-strong positive relationship regarding psychological well-being, moods/emotions, self-perception, autonomy, parent relation/home life dimensions (0.552


Summary
To obtain functional yeast with antioxidant ability for food industry, the antioxidant activity of intact cell and intracellular cell-free extract of Pichia fermentans BY5 and Issatchenkia orientalis BY10 was investigated. Both intact cell and extract of them demonstrated antioxidant activity ranged from 49% to 68%. The ability to scavenge 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals were 12–41%. Furthermore, the reducing activity, Fe2+-chelating ability, scavenging of reactive oxygen species of extracts illuminated these two isolates had excellent antioxidant ability. And then, the attenuated effect of cell-free extracts from these two strains was evaluated using 4-nitroquiunoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) as an inducing reagent. The results indicated that the addition of extraction inhibit the lipid peroxidation induced by 4-NQO, which mainly caused by the protective intracellular protein rather than the polysaccharides. Therefore, these two yeast strains have potential to be utilised for production of functional foods.


310 are more likely than others to need to engage a co-supervisor from outside the profession to access the specific expertise in their chosen area of study (Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists,2 para 4). Trainees should remember that whatever discipline they engage, their final product will need to meet the scholarly project's defined learning goals and assessment domains (Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists,2 para 4.1.3). However, the regulations have been drafted with a flexibility that should be appropriate to any suitably crafted EOP.


A monitoring network node for rural area pumping station was designed.After collected signals were processed from flow,temperature and pressure sensors by conditioning circuits,they were input into ATmega128L microcontroller.The data processed was transmitted to the gateway node and the upper server through wireless transceiver module AT86RF212 by ZigBee wireless communication protocol.The real-time monitoring of multi-pumping node and unified management was realized eventually.


The problems of shear flexible beams are analyzed by the MLPG method based on a locking‐free weak formulation. In order for the weak formulation to be locking‐free, the numerical characteristics of the variational functional for a shear flexible beam, in the thin beam limit, are discussed. Based on these discussions a locking‐free local symmetric weak form is derived by changing the set of two dependent variables in governing equations from that of transverse displacement and total rotation to the set of transverse displacement and transverse shear strain. For the interpolation of the chosen set of dependent variables (i.e. transverse displacement and transverse shear strain) in the locking‐free local symmetric weak form, the recently proposed generalized moving least squares (GMLS) interpolation scheme is utilized, in order to introduce the derivative of the transverse displacement as an additional nodal degree of freedom, independent of the nodal transverse displacement. Through numerical examples, convergence tests are performed. To identify the locking‐free nature of the proposed method, problems of shear flexible beams in the thick beam limit and in the thin beam limit are analyzed, and the numerical results are compared with analytical solutions. The potential of using the truly meshless local Petrov‐Galerkin (MLPG) method is established as a new paradigm in totally locking‐free computational analyses of shear flexible plates and shells.


Background: The aim of this study was to assess the quality gap of education in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residency programs after translation and validation of the Farsi (Persian) version of the SERVQUAL questionnaire. The SERVQUAL questionnaire is a global quality assessment tool designed by Parasuraman et al. and it has been used in many projects including educational programs.
Methods: The SERVQUAL questionnaire was validated before being used to determine the expectations and perceptions of all Iranian PM&R residents regarding educational systems.
Results: For the purpose of content validity measurement, the content validity index (CVI) of the whole questionnaire (0.90) and the content validity ratio (CVR) of each question (0.75 or 1) were calculated. The calculated CVI and CVR were acceptable. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was used for the purpose of reliability measurement, was 0.917.
Conclusion: The Farsi (Persian) version of the SERVQUAL questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing medical education quality. The highest gap was in the empathy dimension and the lowest gap was in the tangibility dimension. Therefore, the education system must mainly focus on these aspects of quality to improve itself.


A general overview of what secret sharing is, how it is connected to information theory and matroids. We present the main problems and questions, main results and open problems concerning the complexity of secret sharing schemes.


The quality evaluation for class teaching is a most important part of teaching management process.It presents the assessment index system of class quality evaluation including teaching attitude and so on.A calculation method of the evaluation system is established.The hybrid algorithm with adaptive genetic algorithms and BP neural network named AGA-BP algorithm is used to assess the quality of class teaching in higher education.The computation results shows that the convergence speed and learning accuracy of AGA-BP algorithm is superior than that of the improved BP neural algorithm,which indicate that the former can provide a meaningful reference value for the study of class teaching quality assessment.


IntroductionHow memory worksHow memory changes as we get olderWhat else affects remembering? - health, attitude, lifestyleCould it be Alzheimer's...?Some useful memory strategiesChanges in someone else's memory: what can we do?Towards a memory-friendly communityReferencesWhat to read and where to goIndex


The unsaturated hydraulic properties are very important parameter in any quantitative description of partially saturated flow equation. Currently, most in-situ methods are estimating the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity k 0) on basis of analysis that require estimates of the soil water flux and capillary pressure head gradient. These analysis typically involve differencing of field measured capillary pressure head h (8) and saturation ratio 0 data, so that this process can significantly amplify instrumental and measurement errors. The k (8) values have additional errors from differencing in 0 and h data. More over, reliable technique result is not easy to be carried out. One such method is based on the estimates of the unsaturated hydraulic properties k (8), h (0) of soil which may be computed inversely from the measured saturation through the evaporation process. This technique is mainly based on the inverse solution of the water flow in unsaturated soils. The van-Genuchten model (1980) was adopted in this technique for representing the unsaturated hydraulic properties. The applicability of this technique was successfully checked by an in-situ test and it is used for analysing the saturation distribution of layered soils. A new evaporation measurement equipment is used for the in-situ test instead of the difficulty in measuring the flow rate through the unsaturated soils. The obtained results are as follows; 1) Differencing of field data can be avoided by using this new measurement techni* Egyptian Ph . D. Channel System Student, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Civil and Environmental Eng. Dept.. Saitama University. 255 Shimo-Okubo, Urawa, 338, Japan. * Member of Japanese Association of Ground water Hydrology, Associate Professor, Hydroscience and Geotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University. 255 Shimo-Okubo, Urawa, Saitama 338, Japan. ***CivilEngineeringDepartment ,AssiutUniversity,Assiut,Egypt


This article presents an overview and qualitative analysis of ecological risk assessments at base closure sites nationwide. Much of the information presented was obtained from interviews, over a two-year period beginning in the spring of 1994, with managers and staff from EPA Headquarters and Regions, Remedial Project Managers and Superfund Ecological Risk Assessment Support Staff involved with the daily operation of the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) program. Individuals from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Department of the Army, three states (Texas, California, and South Carolina), and one public interest group (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) also provided input to this study. This albeit small sample of scientists, attorneys, and others who participated in this study were chosen randomly. Their opinions, along with those of the author, do not represent the official policies of the organizations they represent. In addition, it should also be noted that the analyses and conclusions drawn in this article represent the views of the author and do not represent the opinions of all participants in this study.

Included in this article is an overview of the regulatory requirements for ecological risk assessments at BRAC sites, and descriptions of the roles of various stakeholders in the process. Based on interviews with federal and state environmental decision makers, this article discusses technical and policy issues related to current ecological risk assessment activities at military base closure sites across the country. It also presents examples of ongoing ecological risk assessment studies to help illustrate the issues that must be resolved for successful risk characterization and environmental cleanup to take place. The article ends with a discussion of various options and recommendations for improving ecological risk assessments at current and future BRAC sites. These recommendations, based partly on interviews with study participants, are presented in the hopes of improving the overall cost and resource effectiveness of the program, financial as well as ecological. After all, it was evident throughout this study that the parties involved share the same goal–to clean up and transfer safe and valuable property as soon as possible so that community revitalization can occur. This article will show, however, that this goal may not be achieved unless the current system is significantly changed.


Abstract: In this project, we are going to build the smart streetlight system along with the accident avoidance and detection system which will help society to reduce the energy consumption from streetlights and also reduce the number of accidents which are usually happening on highways. Streetlights play an important role in cities which means to avoid accidents, secure roads and provide better vision since evening to morning. As the world is ready to accept the technology, we need to upgrade that street light system which will reduce the energy consumptions and save energy. As our goal is to save energy, so we are using LEDs. The IR sensors detect the objects and set the intensity of LEDs to high for some time. The work will achieve better performance and reduce the energy consumption as compared to the current system. One of the major problems happening in cities is accidents, so we are applying IR mechanism to avoid the accidents that usually happens in highways. But, in case an accident occurs we use an alert system in this paper that helps to strengthen the emergency system of the crash system. This device senses the occurrence of the accident and alerts the rescue team for help. The idea is about making vehicles more self-regulating and automatic which may inform or combat vehicle drivers under terrible conditions. The system also consists of MQ-3 alcohol sensor to continuously observe the alcohol blood concentration level.


- The photoactive and biotinylating ligand was prepared from MTX and maleimide-conjugated Hatanaka reagent with use of Diels-Alder reaction. Blood cells were subjected to affinity labelling experiments using the ligand thus obtained. The labelled band on SDS-PAGE was replaced not by MTX but by brevetoxin B (PbTx2), which suggested the presence of binding proteins in blood cells. Screening of polyether compounds for MTX inhibitory activity using Ca 2+ flux assays in C6 cells disclosed that a synthetic fragment of the hydrophilic portion of MTX inhibited the MTX activity.


The tritium analytical system at TFRR is used to determine the purity of tritium bearing gas streams in order to provide inventory and accountability measurements. The system includes a quadrupole mass spectrometer and beta scintillator originally configured at Monsanto Mound Research Laboratory in the late 1970`s and early 1980`s. The system was commissioned and tested between 1991 and 1992 and is used daily for analysis of calibration standards, incoming tritium shipments, gases evolved from uranium storage beds and measurement of gases returned to gas holding tanks. The low resolution mass spectrometer is enhanced by the use of a metal getter pump to aid in resolving the mass 3 and 4 species. The beta scintillator complements the analysis as it detects tritium bearing species that often are not easily detected by mass spectrometry such as condensable species or hydrocarbons containing tritium. The instruments are controlled by a personal computer with customized software written with a graphical programming system designed for data acquisition and control. A discussion of the instrumentation, control systems, system parameters, procedural methods, algorithms, and operational issues will be presented. Measurements of gas holding tanks and tritiated water waste streams using ion chamber instrumentation are discussed elsewhere.


Abstract: The problem this research is the students achievement of social studies SMP N 4 Tanah Putih fourth graderes still low with an average value of 67.83 and minimum completenness criteria (KKM) social studiesis 75. Between students, amounting to 18 people only 6 students who achieve classical KKM with 33.33%. This research is classroom action research (CAR), which aims to improve the student achievement of social studies class VIII1 at SMP N 4 Tanah Putih with implementation cooperative learning model type Think Pair Share (TPS). Formulation of the problem : is the implementation of cooperative learning model type Think Pair Share (TPS) can improve students achievement of social studies at SMP N 4 Tanah Putih. The research was conducted on February 01, 2016 'to February 22, 2016 by 2 cycles. Subjects werw students of SMP N 4 Tanah Putih, totaling 18 people who use the data source. The data collection instruments in this thesis is a teacher and students activities sheets and students achievement. This thesis presents the results obtained each day before the action an improve in base score cycle with the average being 67.83. In the first cycle improve an average of 79.17 and an improve in the second with an average 86.67. Activities of the teacher in the learning process in cycle of 53.57% and the second meeting improve to 67.87%. In the third cycle of the first meeting and the second meeting improve Keywords: Model cooperative learning TPS, Results Learning and Economi


Abstract Addressing physical inactivity for older Hispanics/Latinos with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a public health priority, since MCI increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias (ADRD). Compared to non-Latino Whites, Hispanics/Latinos are 2X more likely to develop ADRD. One promising approach to promoting physical activity includes use of mobile health (mHealth) strategies that may deliver Spanish-language information and culturally relevant motivational messages to enhance intrapersonal/interpersonal factors for health behavior change. The purpose of this study is to test mHealth strategies as a mechanism to deliver booster sessions for reinforcing physical activity goals/progress among older Latinos with MCI who complete the Tiempos Juntos intervention treatment. Our hypothesis is that culturally adapting mHealth strategies may improve efficacy and maintenance of physical activity effect; as well as cognitive health outcomes (6 months post-intervention). Results among the first wave of participants will be discussed, including challenges and opportunities for future research. While the use of mHealth is not new, these approaches commonly exclude individuals with limited-English proficiency and thus, designing interventions that center the needs of older Hispanics/Latinos with MCI/ADRD and other historically excluded communities, is an important first step in promoting physical activity and advancing cognitive health equity.


A collocation method for the solution of linear and nonlinear integral equations occurring in such physical applications as radiation heat transfer, radiative transfer in atmospheres, laminar boundary layers, and many others is described. The method employs piecewise Hermite splines as approximating functions and the Gaussian quadrature points as the collocation points. It is demonstrated that the method is considerably superior to the finite-element method both computationally and in accuracy. The collocation method is expected to be computationally faster than the finite-element method in view of the fact that the latter method requires double quadratures, in contrast to single quadratures for the collocation method. By virtue of being a high-order method, it requires only a small number of equations to produce the desired accuracy at a very small computational cost.


Construction of a harmonious society mainly depends on a consensus in values reached by the individual and the community. Its essence lies in cultivation of rational personality. Women play an important role in constructing a harmonious society. Thus, women's higher education and women's universities (colleges) should assume the responsibility of cultivating rational female personality.


In the present study, a new alternating direction explicit-implicit domain decomposition approach is proposed by combining the alternating direction implicit method with the explicit-implicit domain decomposition method. The method is used for solving the two-dimensional conduction heat transfer equation on a graphics processing unit. In this method, an explicit numerical scheme is used to predict values at the inner boundaries and an implicit scheme based on the alternating direction implicit method is used to solve the sub-domains. Then, an implicit scheme is used to correct the values on the inner boundaries. Numerical experiments are done to investigate the accuracy and speed of the method. The results show that the present method can achieve a speedup of 1.3 to 2.6 times compared to the alternating direction implicit method. Increasing the number of subdomains increases the speed and decreases the accuracy of the method. Although numerical experiments show high stability of the present method, its error is higher than the alternating direction implicit method. Furthermore, the results show that the present method is more advantageous to problems with coarse grids, such that by increasing the grid size from 256 × 256 to 512 × 512, the speedup decreases from 2.4 to 1.7.


Over the last few years, valuable material of Menispermaceae has been collected in various parts of Thailand by Dr H. Banziger, an entomologist working with UNDP-FAO Plant Protection Project in Bangkok. He has generously made available to me the results of his extensive knowledge of the plants in the field, together with colour photographs and specimens both dried and in spirit. I am pleased to acknowledge the valuable co-operation I have received from Dr Banziger. The results of his extensive assistance with Tinospora in Thailand will appear in a later paper containing a revision of that genus. The species described and discussed in the present account are based largely on specimens collected by Dr Banziger.


the influence of climate changes on the ecological environment of Hulunbuir was briefly analyzed.Climate in the transformation period had posed serious threatening to the ecological environment of Hulunbuir grassland.The changes of ecological environment and the disturbance from irrational peoples' activities resulted in degradation of grassland,loss of soil erosion and the quickening desertification speed to lose balance.


There is increasing evidence that diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) and might affect TB-disease presentation as well as treatment response [1]. The hypothesis is that an impaired immune response in persons with diabetes mellitus facilitates infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or progression to TB, and reversely, M. tuberculosis infection may affect glycaemic control [2, 3]. Although the exact causality is unknown, this association between TB and diabetes mellitus is ominous, as the explosive rise in diabetes mellitus worldwide witnessed over the last decades could potentially counteract the positive effect of TB control efforts. With a high prevalence of dysglycaemia (29.1%) among tuberculosis patients without previously known diabetes, this study highlights the importance of comanagement of tuberculosis and diabetes, even in a low-endemic setting https://bit.ly/3Gj0gmN


This paper describes and evaluates a model for cross-domain authorship attribution using Bidirectional Echo State Network-based (ESN) Reservoir Computing. We applied this model to the cross-domain authorship attribution task of the PAN18 challenge and show that it can be applied to this task. This BD-ESN based on a word embedding layer of dimension 300 reaches an averaged F-1 score of 0.408 on the development corpus and 0.3870 on the test corpus. The evaluation is based on a collections of Fanfiction gathered online, covering different original work of art.


Managerial perception is the process by which managers form an image of the stimuli they receive. According to research, perception is conditioned by the individual's cognitive profile. But the different nature of incoming stimuli suggests that it would be interesting to study whether the cognitive profile's influence varies in the presence of different stimuli. This paper analyses the effect of the cognitive profile on perception of differentlystructured stimuli. The results clearly show that the cognitive style, tolerance of ambiguity, and proactivity have an effect. Specifically, they condition the recognition of stimuli, particularly when the stimuli are relatively unstructured. The results also show that the cognitive variables have less influence in the interpretation stage.


We derive an expression of dynamical susceptibility in superconducting states from a generalized B.C.S. hamiltonian. We investigate the wave number dependence of static susceptibility with a d -wave superconducting gap in square lattice at T =0 K for several values of chemical potential. It is shown that the position of maximum of static susceptibility depends on the value of chemical potential.


Abstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the key economic and geographical characteristics of the investment development of Belarus and how these characteristics could evolve in the future. The evaluation of the investment development of Belarus is based on comparative economic analysis, spatial analysis research methods and the cartographic method. Our results indicate a stable, predictable and enabling investment policy as the main determinant for attracting investment. This is confirmed by changes in the spatial distribution of foreign investment inflows in the real economy of Belarus by countries for 2010 and 2018. The characteristics of Belarusian investment development are identified because of the need to intensify innovative performance in the strategic dimensions of sustainable development. Particular attention is paid to the development of special economic zones with preferential regimes in the Republic of Belarus. This paper provides important new insights into the future prospects for Belarusian investment development on the basis of identified specifics.


Vauban is a mixed-use neighborhood located in the southwest corner of Freiburg, Germany, a three-kilometer tram ride from the city center. Although it is located at the west edge of the Black Forest, Freiburg is blessed with one of Germany's highest incidences of annual solar radiation. Not surprisingly, it is home to Europe's top independent solar research laboratory (the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE) and enjoys enough photovoltaic installations (including a solar-powered bicycle shed at the main train stations) to be branded "solar region Freiburg." Freiburg has been at the forefront of the environmental movement since the 1970s, and its city council boasts the largest number of Green Party members in all of Germany. It is also home to architect Rolf Disch's Heliotrope house, among the first anywhere to produce more energy than it uses.


A number of Swedish and foreign institutional investors have today acquired 2,669,040 shares in Bjorn Borg AB, corresponding to approximately 11 percent of the total number of shares in the company. The sellers of the shares ‐ Martin Bjaringer, Fredrik Lovstedt, Mats H Nilsson, Hakan Roos, Vilhelm Schottenius and Nils Vinberg ‐ have each divested approximately 25 percent of their particular holdings in the company. 1 "Bjorn Borg is experiencing increasing interest from institutional investors and the move to the Stockholm Stock Exchange's Nordic List is enabling more players to invest in the company. In connection with this, a number of the company's largest and long-term owners have decided to provide space for new shareholders, by reducing their respective holdings. I am of the opinion that a broadening of the base of institutional shareholders will make a positive contribution by establishing stable and long-term ownership of Bjorn Borg," says Fredrik Lovstedt, Chairman of the Board of Bjorn Borg AB SEB Enskilda assisted in the transaction.


This paper adopts physical accounting and value accounting method to evaluate the value of water resources in Shanghai. And thinks, for a long time, Shanghai economic growth pay a larger environment cost with water pollution losses accounted for 0.1 to 0.5% or so of GDP. In order to accurately measure the economic growth level of Shanghai and realize Shanghai economic sustainable development, it necessary to accurately evaluate Shanghai water resources value and formulate relevant policies to reduce the


As environmental problems have affected people's livelihood, in the widespread concern about the environment today, as the architects ,we should raise the banner of green building, energy conservation, taking in the whole society in the forefront of ecological design.In this paper, some of the common energy strategy for the design to the summary, and briefly explain how these design strategies is combined together with the ultimate form of organic architecture, thus which enhancing the sustainability and ecological building design for the practice of understanding.


: The purpose of Federal Aviation Regulations Part 77, entitled "Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace", is to identify potential hazards and prevent adverse impacts to the safe and efficient use of navigable airspace. The OIS (obstruction identification surfaces) represent these regulations, identify objects that penetrate these imaginary surfaces, evaluate hazardous effects, and ensure safe separations of aircraft from obstructions. The OIS evaluation is often used for selecting airfield locations and runway orientations. More importantly, the OIS evaluation is an airport's safeguard against flawed urban development, especially for airports near rapidly expanding cities. Without accurate analysis tools, hand-calculation errors on the OIS can occur and cause adverse impacts to airport safety. Applying the GIS (geographic information system) features of geospatial data and 3D formats, this paper proposes a model named GIS Obstruction Model which is capable of precisely calculating maximum allowable heights and creating visual imagery of penetrating obstructions. The special features of the model include web-based design, adaptability to any airport, user-friendly multiple inquiry methods, quick response to online inquiries, and response with 3D visual reality. The proposed GIS Obstruction Model is useful for airport planning, architecture design, safety management or civil engineering permit review.


We present a case of massive perioperative bleeding due to severe coagulopathy following urgent aortic and mitral valve replacement. Bleeding was persistent despite prolonged and meticulous surgical haemostasis and required high-volume blood products transfusions. No obvious cause was found to justify the severity of the coagulopathy, which was later attributed to high preoperative intake of ginseng. This case highlights the powerful activity of certain over-the-counter remedies on haemostasis, in this particular case on coagulation status. This also reminds us the paramount importance of a sound and comprehensive drug history for surgical patients.


This paper presents a rapid sorting algorithm to arrange the order based on statistics, and analyses the space and time complexities. This algorithm requires that the key words to be arranged in order meet some restrictive conditions. Its time complexity is O(n). It can also be used in sorting out the general key words when it is simply revised.


The sharp increase in the price and production of quinoa between 1990 and 2014 has had important impacts in Bolivia's southern Altiplano region, previously considered one of the poorest regions in the country. The socio-economic status of most inhabitants improved significantly as a result of the "quinoa boom". However, it also caused severe disturbances in socio-ecological systems and posed challenges to resource governance by traditional indigenous institutions. This article focuses on the role of farmer cooperatives, in particular, and examines how their production rules may have mitigated some of the challenges associated with the quinoa boom. We assess the activities of cooperatives with the help of Elinor Ostrom's Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and analytic tools such as the ADICO grammar (Attribute, Deontic, aIm, Condition, Or else) and the eight design principles. The key production rules of cooperatives are examined and compliance with these rules is estimated based on semi-structured interviews and a survey conducted with quinoa producers (n=305). We argue that the cooperatives successfully contributed to alleviate pressures on resources in a context where traditional authorities were challenged by new tasks associated with land grabbing and the crowding out of diversified agricultural activities. In conclusion, we argue that collaboration between traditional authorities and farmer cooperatives holds great potential for improving the governance and sustainability of socio-ecological systems in the region.


For the preparation of MgB2 precursor powder the technique of mechanical alloying was applied. Tapes with Fe- and Cu/Nb-sheath have been prepared by the powder-in-tube method using these nanocrystalline precursor powders consisting of Mg, B and during the high energy milling reacted MgB2. Differences in the quality of the boron powders used for the preparation of MgB2 powders have a distinct influence on mi- crostructure and superconducting properties of bulk samples and tapes. The high density of grain boundaries acting as pinning centers enhances the critical current density Jc up to 104 A/cm2 at fields of about 5 T (20 K) and 10 T (4.2 K) in Fe-sheathed tapes. The effect of nanoparticle additions like SiC and WC on the mi- crostructure and critical currents of bulk samples and tapes is discussed.


AbstractAbstractAbstract This study was carried out during October 2008 to July 2009 in Bushehr coastal areas at 6 stations to examine biomass variations in red algae. Algal samples were collected by hand from intertidal zone, during low tide. Quadrates 50 ×50cm each were marked randomly in the study area, and all algal samples were collected within the quadrate area. Total biomass was found to be 2598.91 g. m (cid:4)(cid:5) belonging to 15 Rhodophyta species. The maximum biomass was 1114.32g. m (cid:4)(cid:5) (43%) observed at the Nirougah station. Summer showed maximum biomass 1076.36g. m (cid:4)(cid:5) (41%) compared to other seasons. Results of this study showed Rhodophyta species are dispersed more in mid littoral and sub-tidal areas. Also, the maximum biomass was observed in the sub-tidal zone. The highest biomass of the species belonged to Grascilaria canaliculata .


Abstract This study investigates how the selection of the stroke-to-bore (S/B) ratio affects combustion, heat transfer and overall efficiency in a homogeneous charge spark ignition (SI) engine of a given displacement. Initially, flame front area maps and wall areas in contact with burned gases are examined from a purely geometric point of view, for S/B ratios of 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3. Subsequently, a quasi-dimensional turbulent flame entrainment model is used to quantify the extent to which turbulence versus geometric factors are responsible for the observed combustion, heat transfer and cycle efficiency behaviour, as the S/B ratio varies. Calculations are performed for a range of engine speeds and loads, as well as for operation with 15 per cent exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Results show that the S/B ratio has a significant effect on both turbulence levels and the geometric interaction of the flame front with the combustion chamber walls. In general, a longer stroke leads to higher thermal efficiency through faster burning and lower overall chamber heat loss. These effects are non-linear, being more dramatic when the S/B ratio is increased from below unity than from above unity. The potential of the long-stroke engine for brake fuel economy improvement can be exploited to the fullest at low speeds, while friction losses gradually diminish it at higher speeds.


This paper deliberates an optimal navigation path for multiple mobile robots using the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. The algorithm determines the next position of every robots by considering the goal position and nearest obstacles coordinates. DE algorithm uses different popular vectors for balancing the exploration and exploitations to provide a nearly optimal solution. To get an optimized path from starting position of the robot to a target position, a sequence of the intermediate positions are taken into consideration through the algorithm. In each position, the robot predicts the position of obstacles before determining the next position. The simulation result unveils that, the proposed algorithm generates a safe, optimised and smooth path in an unknown environment.


This research aimed to analyze the cash waqf literacy index and factors influencing public intention to pay cash waqf. The analysis used is theory of planned behavior (TPB) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to measure the relationship of latent variables, i.e. cash waqf literacy, religiosity, attitudes, subjective norms and behavior control. The SEM model in this study was processed using Lisrel version 8.3 software. The results showed that the cash waqf literacy index of people in Jabodetabek was 59.04%, which is still included in the low literacy category. The results also showed that cash waqf literacy, religiosity, attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control have a significant and positive influence on the intention in paying cash waqf.

Keywords: Literacy Index; Cash Waqf; Religiousity; Theory of Planned Behavior; SEM.


Metabolic regulation of neuronal excitability was increasingly recognized as an important factor in seizure control.Reducing the excitability of nerve cells is the way which ketogenic.diet,2-deoxy-D-glucose and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate provides the antiepileptic effects.Although the specific antiepileptic mechanism is not fully understood,good clinical effects of glycolysis inhibitor were obtained.In this article,the progress on the antiepileptic mechanism of glycolysis inhibitor was reviewed.


Some studies suggest that the lifetime prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) among patients with eating disorders ranges from 15% to 30%, and the two diagnoses appear concurrently in 7% to 10% of cases. This study determined the prevalence of OCD among 93 women admitted to an eating-disorders clinic in Germany.

Thirteen percent …


This article discusses the problems of finding new types of fuel that could be called wasteless and inexhaustible. The issue is being discussed the question of what material and by what methods should humanity receive energy in the future.


Establishment of Start-up firms is providing great solutions to the important problems of unemployment and underutilization of resources across the economies. As such they have assumed a great significance and function in the economic growth policies and strategies of the nations throughout the world. Recognizing this reality, Saudi Arabia has given high priority in their vision 2030 for the development of Start-ups across the Kingdom. However, in today's start up development paradigms, it is not only the establishment of start-ups but the pace of techno adoption of these start-ups that significantly determines their success and sustenance. It is in this context that this paper explores to assess the levels of intention related to technology adoption among the start-ups in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The results of this research are expected to contribute towards the development of a country level start-up techno-entrepreneurship adoption policy framework. For this research, stratified random sampling survey method was used and the data collected was put to different statistical tests like "Descriptive Analysis" like "Correlation" and "Predictive Analysis" like "Ordered Logistic Regression" etc. The results obtained depict that start-ups in Saudi Arabia show a high-level of intention towards technology adoption in their enterprises, as they believe that it enhances the basic start up entrepreneurial process capabilities and efficiencies like business-ideation, concept & prototype development, feasibility analysis etc. However, as per the data results there are certain limitations that come in the way of techno-entrepreneurship integration for the start-ups in Saudi Arabia. Among these limitations "Financial Support" and "Techno skill/expertise" serve as the key constraints. The resultant empirical information will be of high use to enhance a Start-up Techno entrepreneurship adoption modular framework that could facilitate the easy adoption and utilization of technology by the start-ups in the country.


Abstract : A quadtree approximation of a 2 to the nth power by 2 to the nth power gray level image tends to enhance edges that are strong in the original image and suppress those that are weak. An edge detector applied to such an approximation produces edges that are in general stronger than those obtainable from the original, though slightly displaced. Methods of combining the edge maps obtained from the original image and its quadtree approximation are examined. It is shown that the choice of a suitable combination rule results in an edge map which is superior to that obtainable by conventional means.


Existing studies on CAD-based remanufacturability assessment are either based on design charts or consideration of simple embodiment design f eatures only. This paper presents a remanufacturability assessment model based on design information in CAD models, e.g ., bill of material, assembly and mating features, dimensional and tolerance features, etc. A set of design feature-based metrics is proposed for product re manufacturability assessment, namely, disassembly complexity, fastener accessibility, disassemblability, and recoverability. The metrics are in tegrated into a generic model to analyse the feasibility of a product for remanufacturing. A case study using an automotive part is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.


In this paper, a higher order rectangular plate bending element based on a Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT) is developed. The element has 4 nodes and 20 degrees of freedom. The transverse displacement is interpolated by using an optimized interpolation function while the additional rotation degrees offreedom are approximated by linear Lagrange interpolation. The consistent element mass matrix is used. A damped element is introduced to the finite element model. The proposed FEM is used to calculate eigenfrequencies and modal damping of composite plates with various boundary conditions and different thicknesses. The results show that the present FEM gives excellent results when compared to other methods and experiment results, and is efficient and reliable for both thick and thin plates. The proposed finite element model does not lock in the thin plate situation and does not contain any spurious vibration mode, and converges rapidly. It will provide a good basis for the inverse analysis of vibration of structure.


Here, we propose a method for the determination of Vp/Vs ratios in a horizontally layered propagation media using maximization of a coherency function along theoretical travel-times of PS reflected phases. The theoretical travel-times are computed using the information about the propagation media that is extracted by velocity analysis or by topographic analysis performed on the first arrivals. The method is also a valid tool for the identification of the PS phases associated with a fixed seismic reflector, and it is particularly suitable for data that is stored in common mid-point and common conversion point binning; for this kind of data the hypothesis of horizontally and layered media can usually be verified. We applied the method to both simulated and real datasets. The use of the real data that was acquired in the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy) allowed us to estimate a relatively high Vp/Vs ratio (3.5 ± 0.6) for a very shallow layer (maximum depth, 600 m). This hypothesis has been tested by theoretical rock physical modeling of the Vp/Vs ratios as a function of porosity, suggesting that the shallow layer appears to be formed of unconsolidated, water-saturated, volcanic and marine sediments that filled Pozzuoli Bay during the post-caldera activity.


The effect of contact interface on ultrasonic energy propagation is the common problem of all kinds of ultrasonic transducer. In ultrasonic bonding, contact interfaces between different parts are nonlinear factors, so they affect directly the ultrasonic energy propagation and bonding quality. By using finite element method and laser Doppler vibrometer, the effect of contact interface on the ultrasonic energy and vibration are investigated. It is found that, incorrect contact interfaces cause multiple vibration models and mix certain resonance frequencies, induce non-stable output of the ultrasonic energy, and lead to hysteresis response. All these would cause some bonding shortcomings such as lower bonding strengths and chip tilting.


This paper studies the role played by socialist institutions implemented in Cuba after the 1959 Revolution in its level of income per capita. We adopt the method of synthetic control developed by Abadie and Gardeazeabal (2003). Cuba is a natural candidate for such experiment, since it was the only country in Latin America that adopted a socialist regime in the 20 th century. In the Cuban case, evidence shows that the particular institutions adopted by the Revolutionary Cuban Government in 1959 had a negative impact on the level of GDP per capita for the period between 1959 and 1974. Our estimates suggest that had Cuba not changed its institutions, its GDP per capita level would have been on yearly average 28.5% higher than the performance actually achieved during the aforementioned period. The results are robust to the tests performed.


Direct cell-to-cell voltage equalizers have been proposed for series-connected energy storage cells, such as lithium-ion batteries and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Conventional direct cell-to-cell voltage equalizers, however, require a transformer for isolation, resulting in increased circuit volume. In this paper, a capacitively-isolated parallel-resonant converter is proposed to miniaturize the circuit volume by employing capacitive isolation, instead of a bulky transformer. No feedback control is necessary for the proposed converter to limit its currents under desired levels, and safe operation is feasible even when some cell voltage is 0 V because of the inherent constant current characteristic of the parallel resonant converter at a fixed switching frequency. A 1.0 W prototype and cell selection switch module for twelve cells connected in series were built, and an equalization test for EDLCs was performed from voltage imbalanced condition. The voltage imbalance was eliminated by the proposed equalizer, demonstrating the efficacy of the equalization performance.


The ASS1 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called argininosuccinate synthase 1. This enzyme participates in the urea cycle, which is a sequence of chemical reactions that takes place in liver cells. The urea cycle processes excess nitrogen that is generated as the body breaks down proteins. The excess nitrogen is used to make a compound called urea, which is excreted from the body in urine.


China's criminal regulation of food safety has experienced a long process of development.In 1997' criminal law,crime of producing and marketing food below sanitary standard and crime of producing and marketing poisonous food have regulated criminal behavior of violating food safety.To 2011,Amendment Ⅷ to Criminal Law increases crime of neglect of duty concerning food safety supervise on the basis of revising above two charges.On the whole,Amendment Ⅷ to Criminal Law is good for controlling crimes in food safety.But it infringes the restraining of criminal law and overly concerns with public opinion.In addition,new charges in it are against the spirit of criminal legislation.


Abstract We examine schoolchildren's reasoning with spatial relations, such as 'is to the left of'. Our aims are to obtain a more precise account of the effect of working memory on reasoning, a more detailed understanding of the internal representation of mental models and a developmental perspective. We discuss two experiments in which 348 children, between eight and twelve years old, needed to verify conclusions for 24 reasoning problems describing the spatial relations between pieces of clothing. In both experiments, children in the experimental condition were allowed to take notes by means of paper and pencil. We find that the participants spontaneously draw iconic representations of the items' spatial ordering, have a strong preference for only considering one possible state of affairs even when more are relevant, and that an explanation in terms of working memory capacity alone cannot fully explain the data.


CONTENTS FACE THE POLITICAL ELEMENT IN THE HERACLEIDAE OF EURIPJDES . J. A. SPRANGER 117 SOME NOTES ON THE HERODAS PAPYRUS J. M. EDMONDS 129 ANTIGONE AND THE BRIDE OF CORINTH H. J. ROSE 147 THE (HOMERIC) HYMN TO HERMES T. L. AGAR 151 • C I R I S ' D'ARCY WENTWORTH THOMPSON 155 HORACE, ODES I, xu. AND THE FORVM'AVGVSTVM D. L. DREW 159 •EVIL COMMUNICATIONS' A. D. KNOX, P. H. LING 164 T H E ALLEGED ACHAEAN ARBITRATION AFTER LEUCTRA M. CARY 165 THE TEXT OF THE EPISTLES OF THEMISTOCLES J. JACKSON 167 THE MANUSCRIPTS AND EDITIONS OF HELIODORVS . . R. M. RATTENBURY 177 A NOTE ON THE POLICY OF CLODIVS L. G. POCOCK 182 T H E LEX MAMILJA Rose 1 A PEDIC.IEA ALLIENA FABIA . . . E . G . H A R D Y 1 8 5 F L O S C V L I P H I L O X E N E I M . L . W . L A I S T N E R 1 9 2 ANTIAE J. W. PIRIE 195 SOME FACTS ABOUT OUR OLDEST LATIN MANUSCRIPTS . . . . E. A. LOWE 197 ETYMOLOGIES R. MCKENZIE 208


The proposed "cemetery" and retail center for the Idora neighborhood of Youngstown, Ohio is the result of one research semester and one design semester. The design proposal arose from dissatisfaction with the architectural community's propensity for using jargon and clichés when describing the contemporary suburban condition. Many critics and commentators understand suburbia through the lens of the postwar period. It has been suggested that suburbia was developed for use as a media weapon – and thus, at the conclusion of the Cold War, should have been rendered architecturally irrelevant. However, suburbia has remained stagnant. Design standards employed by developers continue to operate in support of an image-making regime. The image of domestic bliss suggests that Americans are capable of only one, homogenous form of


We present evidence that the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) and low frequency noise (LFN) characteristic of many accretion sources are different aspects of the same physical process. We analyzed a long, high time resolution EXOSAT observation of Sco X-1. The x-ray luminosity varies stochastically on time scales from milliseconds to hours. The nature of this variability -- as quantified with both power spectrum analysis and new wavelet technique, the {\it scalegram} - agrees well with the {\it dripping handrail} accretion model, a simple dynamical system which exhibits {\it transient chaos}. In this model both the QPO and LFN are produced by radiation from blobs with a wide size distribution, resulting from accretion and subsequent diffusion of hot gas, the density of which is limited by an unspecified instability to lie below a threshold.


Spatial decay estimates for the Fochheimer fluid interfacing with a Darcy flow in a semi-infinite pipe was studied. The exponential decay result can be obtained by integrating a first-order differential inequality. The result can be seen as the usage of Saint-Venant's principle for the interfacing fluids.


It is well known that different person have specific psychological meaning to us. We usually feel more positive to intimates (kin) than relatively non-intimate ones (non-kin). However, until recently, the underlying mechanism about kinship remains poorly understood. Thus, we further investigated whether the degree of kinship between a perceiver and a target person leads to the perceiver's specific electrophysiological response. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) of 22 participants (age: 20.8 ± 2.13) were observed when changed the degree of kinship (father, uncle, acquaintance) in morally laden scenarios. Our results demonstrated that the amplitudes of neural response varied among kins and acquaintance. Specifically, fronto-central positive activity at 180 - 230 ms (P2) and central-parietal late positive activity at 350 - 500 ms (LPC) were of larger mean amplitude in response to father than to uncle and acquaintance, which are indicative of intense information processing and sensitivity to a lineal relative in moral cognitive context. Those findings showed direct evidences of consanguineous bias in moral-related contexts, which will provide valuable reference for intervention of tensioned relationship and other related disorders.


A new quasi-3D numerical model has been developed to investigate the hydrodynamics and morphodynamic processes associated with a series of surface piercing breakwaters. The model utilizes a detailed 1DV sand transport module to predict transport rate at each grid nodes, coupling with an intra-wave period wave module and depth-averaged flow module. Model results have been compared with measurements from a laboratory study of the offshore breakwater scheme outside Elma, west Essex, UK with satisfactory agreements. The model-date comparison also indicates clearly that the interaction between adjacent embayment is important factor in determine the morphological evolution.


The nature of the passive film that forms on steel reinforcement bars has been found to be profoundly affected by the type of concrete pore solution, the chloride ion concentration in the solution, and variation in temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, microscopy, and electrochemical studies have shown that changes in the nature of the passive film on the steel surface under different conditions can produce a wide variation in the corrosion and pitting tendency of reinforcing bars. A passive film formed in a lime-saturated solution exhibited polarization resistance values that were 1.5 times higher than the simulated concrete pore solution. The admittance value of the former film was approximately 1.75 times lower than that of the latter film. The capacitance of the film developed in the lime-saturated pore solution was also lower (28 nF) than the capacitance (34 nF) of the film formed in the lime-free solution. The presence of the chloride ions in the pore solution subtly changed the passive film before its complete breakdown. Variation in temperature of the test electrolyte was observed to significantly affect the nature of the passive film.


A wheelchair with a lifting function is designed to assist a caregiver when transferring a wheelchair user not only indoors but also outdoors. The target user is typically a severely disabled person with disabled upper and lower limbs and therefore needs the physical support when using a toilet or transferring from a bed to a wheelchair and so forth. Both the wheelchair and the lift are driven by their respective motors. The user can approach above the toilet stool or the bed from the rear because the large driving wheels are located in front of the body, and the seat can be folded. This wheelchair is allowed to travel on public roads because of the mechanism of folding the frame for lifting. This paper presents the concept design and the experimental results of a full-sized prototype wheelchair with the lifting function, which confirms the design effectiveness.


1. An antibody to epiregulin selected from any of: (1) an antibody to epiregulin comprising a heavy chain variable region selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 150, 149, 148, 147, 146, 145, 144, 143, 142, 140, 139, 138, 137, 135, 134, 133, 132, 131, 127, 126, 125, 124, 123, 122, 121, 120, 119, 118, 117, 116, 115, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 79, 78, 77, 76, 75, 74, 73, 72, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, 51, 50, 49 and 38, (2) an antibody to epiregulin comprising a light chain variable region selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 141, 136, 130, 129, 128, 99, 85, 84, 83, 82, 81, 80, 58, 57 and 29; and (3) an antibody to epiregulin comprising a heavy chain variable region selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 150, 149, 148, 147, 146, 145, 144, 143, 142, 140, 139, 138, 137, 135, 134, 133, 132, 131, 127, 126, 125, 124, 123, 122, 121, 120, 119, 118, 117, 116, 115, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 79, 78, 77, 76, 75, 74, 73, 72, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, 51, 50, 49 and 38; and a light chain variable region selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 141, 136, 130, 129, 128, 99, 85, 84, 83, 82, 81, 80, 58, 57 and 29.2. The antibody of claim 1 which comprises a heavy chain constant region SEQ ID NO:. 26.3. The antibody of claim 1 which comprises a light chain constant region SEQ ID NO:. 27.4. Antibody pop. 1, which has a neutralizing aktivnost.5. Antibody pop. 1, which has tsitotoksichnost.6. An antibody according to claim. 5, where a cytotoxicity CDC and / or ADCC.7. An antibody according to Claim. 1 wherein the growth inhibitor or cytotoxic substance associated with this antitelom.8. An antibody according to claim. 7 wherein the antibody is a low molecular antitelom.9. An antibody according to any one of claims. 5-8, where the heavy chain constant region SEQ ID NO: 26 contains at least one amino acid substitution in a position selected from the group consisting of 230, 240, 244, 245, 247, 262, 263, 266, 273, 275, 299, 302, 313, 323, 325, 328 and 332 shown EU-numeratsiey.10. A vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding the variable obasti heavy chain that comprises CDR1 of the heavy chain SEQ ID NO: 9, CDR2 of the heavy chain selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 161, 160, 159, 157, 156, 155, 153, 108, 107, 106, 105, 104, 103, 102, 101 and 100 and a heavy chain CDR3 selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 158, 154, 152, 151, 112, 111, 110 and 11.11. The vector of claim 10 which comprises a polynucleotide encoding a heavy chain constant region SEQ ID NO:. 26.12. A vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding a light chain variable region that comprises CDR1 light chain shaven


This paper deals with the Bluetooth Physical Layer simulation in Mathworks Matlab. Models for basic rate and enhanced data rate mode were made. Simulations for 1, 2 and 3 Mbit/s data rates are presented. All of the Physical Layer processing including scrambling, forward error correction and packetization is simulated. Baseband simulations of transmission over AWGN channel are introduced and graphical results are compared with the theory. All Bluetooth simulations are part of the Bluetooth and Wi-Fi coexistence research.


For the historian of the ancient world there is nothing more necessary and nothing more difficult than the task of discriminating between fact and fiction, between accuracy and exaggeration, in his sources. The Bibliotheca Historica of Diodorus Siculus presents this problem in an acute form, and while certain passages, such as Iambulus's discovery of the Islands of the Sun, are quite evidently dominated by an uncritical acceptance of romantic tales, other sections of this extensive miscellany are less easily categorised. It is the purpose of this note to examine two short passages only, viz. iii. 12. 1–14. 5 and v. 36. 1–38. 4, which contain Diodorus's description of the mines in Egypt and Spain, in order to determine how far they may be accepted as a reliable record.


Laboratory experiment with different kinds of treatments on texted brown soil,namely original soil +calcium silicate(CaSiO3),original soil+1mmol/L citric acid+CaSiO3and original soil+2mmol/L citric acid+CaSiO3,was conducted to investigate the characteristics of soil phosphorus(P)adsorption and desorption in the presence of citric acid and silicon fertilizer by Langmuir,Freundlich and Temkin equation fittings.The OECD Guideline106batch equilibrium method was used for adsorption and desorption experiments.Results showed that the brown soil P adsorption fitted Langmuir and Temkin models better.The soil added calcium silicate and 1mmol/L citric acid treatment had the maximum adsorbed P,with the maximum adsorption capacity of 500mg/kg.The soil with calcium silicate and 2mmol/L citric acid treatment had the greatest desorption rate of P,with the maximum desorption rate of 45.2%.Therefore,the soil added calcium silicate and 1mmol/L citric acid treatment had the strongest storage capacity for P,and the soil added calcium silicate and 2mmol/L citric acid treatment had the strongest activation ability and supply capacity of P.


Complex biological systems are intimately linked to their environment, a very crowded and equally complex solution compartmentalized by fluid membranes. Modeling such systems remains challenging and requires a suitable representation of these solutions and their interfaces. Here, we focus on particle-based modeling at an atomistic level using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. As an example, we discuss important steps in modeling the solution chemistry of an ion channel of the ligand-gated ion channel receptor family, a major target of many drugs including anesthetics and addiction treatments. The bacterial pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) called GLIC provides clues about the functional importance of solvation, in particular for mechanisms such as permeation and gating. We present some current challenges along with promising novel modeling approaches.


P rimases are single-stranded DNA dependent polymerases that synthesize RNA/DNA primers during replication. A primase, a DNA polymerase and an helicase compose the replication machinery of the archaeal plasmid pRN1 1 . The structure of the archaeal functional primase domain has been solved by X-ray crystallography 2,3 and it revealed an heteromeric structure with a catalytic prim/ pol domain tethered to a novel helix bundle domain. We investigated the NMR structure of the functional pRN 1 primase domain in complex with a single-stranded DNA template containing the GTG motif 4 . We showed that the catalytic prim/pol domain of this 38 kDa enzyme is not required for template binding. Intermolecular contacts detected exclusively between the helix bundle domain and the DNA led us to isolate specifically this structurally independent unit. Our results are compatible with a conformational switch between a template-bound open state and a closed active complex 3,5,6 . We used multiple NMR dataset to solve the solution structures of the helix bundle domain in complex with the single-stranded DNA template alone and upon cofactors addition. Affinity measurements validated our structural data demonstrating the importance of residues located in helices 10 and 12 for the interaction with the GTG motif and confirmed the specificity improvement observed upon cofactors binding. In association with functional assays, these novel transient structures bring new perspectives and will help us to characterize the molecular steps required for priming.


Though wireless sensor networks (WSNs) help to enhance data fusion accuracy, measurement exchanges between sensors are not always reliable due to inherent open communication channels. In this paper, a distributed interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy filter is presented in the context of WSNs with intermittent measurements. Firstly, IT2 fuzzy models are employed to formulate one type of nonlinear systems with parameter uncertainties. Then, dual random data packet dropouts phenomena are considered, including the measurements transmitting from sensors to data fusion centers, and the measurements transmitting from data fusion centers to distributed filters. Bernoulli variables are adopted to depict the random data packet dropouts. Furthermore, to guarantee the robust mean-square asymptotic stability of the filtering error system, less conservative sufficient conditions are derived to seek for distributed filter gains. Finally, simulation results on Henon mapping systems with parameter uncertainties verify the robustness of the presented distributed fuzzy filter for WSNs with intermittent measurements.


SUMMARY The importance of domestic factors in explaining the foreign‐policy process can, today, not be overlooked. It has been suggested that four sets of variables play an important role in determining the chances for domestic groups to exercise influence on this process: external autonomy, internal (domestic) consensus, the availability of time and the presence or absence of conditions of influence such as legitimacy, resources and access. From a series of case studies on foreign policymaking in the Netherlands two were selected for this article: the introduction of the neutron warheads and the deployment of cruise missiles. Both were very controversial in the Netherlands. They show that under favourable conditions, i.e. divisions within the ruling Christian Democratic Party, committed and well‐organized domestic groups which are capable of keeping public opinion mobilized over time can have an important and even decisive influence on the outcome of the making of defence and foreign policy. Domestic con...


Now the world is running short of source and the human beings are developing different kinds of new energy resources. This article introduced and analysis several kinds of wave power devices, tells the advantage and disadvantages. There is a great improvement in the modern wave power generating sets, but still some technology bottlenecks, we should work on these challenges and make full use of the ocean energy resources with the lowest cost.


Objective To study the role of T cell subsets and cytokine involved in the vaginal secretions of vulvovaginal candidiasis patients in the pathogenesis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.Methods Alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatas(APAAP) was used to detect CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes of 28 cases vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVS),35 cases recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis(RVVC) patients and 31 cases health control.The expression level of IL-4,IL-12,IFN-γ in the vaginal secretions from vulvovaginal candidiasis patients were detected by ELISA and compared with that from normal controls.Results CD4+ T ymphocytes in recurrent groups were lower than that of original and normal control groups,and CD8+T lymphocytes were higher than that of original and normal control groups.The level of IL-12 in original groups was the hightest in the three groups,while no significant difference in IFN-γ between recurrent and original groups was found,and yet higher than that in normal control groups.There was no significant difference in IL-4 in these three groups.Conclusions Certain immune deficiencies were found in the patients of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.The abnormal expression of Th1 type and Th2 type cytokines may be associated with the morbidity and recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis.


We reviewed 301 patients with newly diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) who presented from January 2000 to January 2014 (183, t-AML without antecedent hematologic disorders [AHD]; 118, t-AML with AHD). Overall, median follow-up was 44 months. The primary malignancy was non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 92 (31%); breast cancer in 80 (27%); and prostate cancer in 49 (16%). Median relapse-free survival (RFS) in t-AML without or with AHD was 10 months, and 29 months, respectively (p=0.032): median overall survival (OS) was 8 months, and 8 months, respectively (p=0.53). Multivariate analysis for OS identified older age, poor performance status, thrombocytopenia, non-favorable cytogenetics, and lack of response as adverse factors. The favorable risk cohort had better RFS and OS as compared to the outcomes of patients in the intermediate and adverse risk cohorts; the RFS and OS did not differ between intermediate and adverse cohorts. The presence of AHD did not affect OS. the t-AML with AHD cohort. A higher CR rate was seen in the t-AML without AHD cohort compared to the stem cell transplantation.


In order to improve the effectiveness of the management of artificial intelligence system, there is a growing demand for improving the transparency of artificial intelligence system from all parts of society. Improving the transparency of artificial intelligence system is conducive to relevant personnel better assuming their responsibilities and protecting the public's right to know. Therefore, the principle of transparency appears most frequently in all kinds of ethical principles and ethical guidelines of artificial intelligence, but there are some differences in the definition of its connotation by different subjects. The transparency of artificial intelligence system is reflected in many aspects like algorithm interpretation, data transparency and function transparency. We need to fully understand the limit of artificial intelligence transparency from the perspective of the characteristics of intelligence, the current situation of artificial intelligence technology and the feasibility of technical governance. For the construction path of artificial intelligence system transparency, there are many ways, such as technical approach, ethical and legal regulation and cultural approach.