The glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) microenvironment is highly immunosuppressive, leading to poor clinical outcomes and median survival of less than 15 months. Information about the nature of immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory cell types in GBM is fragmented, and a better understanding is urgently needed. We have developed a spatial phenotyping application that permits comprehensive characterization of the human GBM immune microenvironment. The Phenocycler-Fusion is a fast spatial biology solution that affords ultrahigh-plex single-cell spatial readouts. We used this solution for deep immune phenotyping of >50 proteins, comprising immune cell lineages, activation states and checkpoints, as well as markers for tumor, vascular and neuronal landscapes of GBM. Via single cell spatial phenotyping, we then isolated spatial signatures within the GBM tissue immune microenvironment. We focused on large numbers of glioma-associated macrophages that were identified via the combinatorial expression of key markers CD68, CD163, STAT1, STAT6, Iba-1 and SIRPα. The macrophages and their biomarker expression profiles displayed significant inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, indicative of the complex biology of GBM. In addition, we profiled other immunosuppressive elements, including Tregs and exhausted T cells. Our data provide a comprehensive account of diverse immune cell populations in GBM and they may uncover systematic differences among GBM patient samples. Our application has enormous potential to further our understanding of the GBM immune microenvironment and is ready to be deployed by other laboratories.


RICH is an LHCb detector used to identify the particles produced in different momentum ranges. The performance of the current gas based detector in the 1-10 GeV/c range needs a significant improvement. A new type of radiator using thin photonic crystals has been proposed as possible alternative, since these crystals are made from layers of dielectric materials resulting in having the desired effective refractive index. I have been part of the R&D team at CERN leading the efforts to build a photonic crystal Cherenkov detector, designing the improved hardware setup of the test laboratory and helping with the computational simulations that search for an optimal configuration of the PhC.


This is a book about the materials and experimental practices of radioactivity research. It is neither an overview of the emergence of the field in the early twentieth century nor a collection of institutional histories of different research centers. It is also not an account of women's participation in a discipline that has been portrayed as one of the research areas most highly populated by women. Instead, the book is centered on radioactive materials, instruments, and gendered skills.


In this paper, we present an approach for incorporating chemical band assignment information in regression models between spectra and constituents. It is shown how the matrices in this L-shaped data structure can be combined and give direct information of the relationships between theoretical chemical band assignment, spectral wavelengths and the responses. The chosen application is NIR spectroscopic measurements of canola seeds. Variable selection based on partial least squares regression using jack-knifing within a cross-model validation (CMV) framework is applied for removing non-relevant spectral regions. Extended multiplicative scatter correction was applied as a spectral pre-treatment to remove physical scatter effects in the spectra. The results show a high degree of correspondence between the objectively found wavelength bands from CMV and the reported chemical interpretation found in the literature.


CaCO3 powder with high purity was coated with a chelate compound of aluminum corresponded to 0.5 mass% Al2O3. The CIPed compact of the coated powder was sintered at 1500 for 2h in air to prepare CaO ce ramics ("COAT" specimen). The distribution of Al in the CaO matrix for the COAT was different from that for the CaO ceramics ("MIX" specimen) prepared from the mixture of CaCO3 and A23 powder. The sinter ability and slaking resistance of the CaO ceramics were greatly improved by addition of 0.5mass% A23. The relative density and slaking resistance of the COAT specimen were higher than those of the MIX speci men. [Received June 17, 1996; Accepted November 12, 1996]


Summary In this contribution, I discuss the relevance of epistemological models for psychotherapy. Despite its importance epistemology is seldom explicitly dealt with in the psychotherapeutic landscape. Based on the presentation of "Critical Realism (CR)," the epistemological position of Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy (GTP), I intend to show to which extent this explanatory model supports a differentiated understanding of problems between human beings, arising from the differences in experiencing "reality." The presentation deals explicitly with some conclusions that can be drawn from the CR model for practical psychotherapeutic work. In particular, the aspects of basic therapeutic attitude, therapeutic relationship, and praxeology are highlighted.


Electric vehicles (EVs) has tiny environmental impact and will constitute a major mean of urban transportation in the future. Shared EV is quickly becoming a new business model under the sharing economy initiatives, providing easy access for commuters who possess no private cars. In this paper, we consider a carsharing company that owns EVs and some parking lots. Passengers can hire an EV at one parking lot and drive it to another one and pay for the service at a certain price determined by the company. A dedicated EV mobility model is proposed to capture the spatial transportation of energy without tracking every single vehicle. Price elasticity is described by a linear demand-price function. The company schedules the aggregated charging of unoccupied EVs in each parking lot, aiming at maximizing the total profit. Parking lots possess relatively large capacity and have to participate in a distribution power market; energy consumption is paid at the locational marginal price. The decision-making problem of the company is formulated as a bilevel program. The lower level simulates the distribution market clearing, and the upper level represents the pricing and charging scheduling problem faced by the company. Starting from a global polyhedral approximation of the power flow model, we develop an equivalent mixed-integer program based on primal-dual optimality condition and integer algebra technique, together with a warm-start strategy which accelerates computation remarkably. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed business model can reshape the load profile by shaving the peaking and filling the valley without harming the profit of the company.


Use the algorithm based on Markov games to do path-planning for 2D robot arm in connection with its complex application environment and more uncertain conditions.Path-planning for 2D robot arm is the basis of 3D path-planning.According to the actual work environment,set the arm's range of motion and select the common movements as the basic behavior set.Under kinds of conditions,the profits were shown.Then the profit of each joint was updated by the multi-agent Q-learning algorithm,and the formulas of movement's inverse kinematics are obtained.So the complexity of the algorithm is also reduced.It shows the best combination of trail,respectively,to draw the 2D motion trail in the case of barrier-free and a round obstacle,and then confirm the error of trail.


Island is one of important coast tourist regions in China.To investigate local residents' perception and attitudes is a good method to study the character and degrees of tourist impacts,and its benefit to local community taking part in tourist planning and development.This paper takes Dongshan Island as a case,applying field observation,on-the-spot questionnaires survey,and interview to investigate the local residents' perception of tourist impact.With the aid of statistical analysis tool SPSS,the findings are as follows:(1) the residents are more aware of the positive tourist impact than negative impact,and they support tourist development with some rational attitude;(2) Economic impact from tourist development are significantly stronger than cultural and environmental impact on local residents;(3)By comparative study,such as ages,gender,cultural level,tourism-related and non-tourism-related section etc,some differences of residents' perception and attitudes are found.


: Neural networks have been widely used for English name tagging and have delivered state-of-the-art results. However, for low resource languages, due to the limited resources and lack of training data, taggers tend to have lower performance, in comparison to the English language. In this paper, we tackle this challenging issue by incorporating multi-level cross-lingual knowledge as attention into a neural architecture, which guides low resource name tagging to achieve a better performance. Specifically, we regard entity type distribution as language independent and use bilingual lexicons to bridge cross-lingual semantic mapping. Then, we jointly apply word-level cross-lingual mutual influence and entity-type level monolingual word distributions to enhance low resource name tagging. Experiments on three languages demonstrate the effectiveness of this neural architecture: for Chinese, Uzbek, and Turkish, we are able to yield significant improvements in name tagging over all previous baselines.


In recent years, there was some progress in developing HTS three-terminal devices based on quasi-particles injection with a current gain of up to 10. This is still one order less than already demonstrated for low-T-c junctions. The main obstacle for further progress is the unsolved problem of a suitable HTS barrier which allows for quasi-particle tunneling. If the preparation conditions for barrier materials such as natural YBa2Cu3O7-delta and SrTiO3 can be better controlled, as well as the quality of the YBa2Cu3O7-delta surface improved, this kind of device could be developed into a useful fast current switch or even implemented in superconducting digital electronics. We investigated the properties of planar injection devices with (001) YBa2Cu3O7-delta as HTS superconductor, a natural oxide, PTBa2Cu3O7-delta and PrBa2Cu3-xGaxO7-delta barriers with a normal conducting counter electrode. YBa2Cu3O7-delta films used showed an average surface roughness between 1 and 6 nm. The observed current gain for devices with a natural barrier was 6.2 at 40 K and for PBCO and PBCGO barrier less than one between T-c and 10 K.


This is a nursing care practice account, carried out at a psychiatric hospital in the metropolitan area of Florianopolis/Brazil in 2003. Ten (10) patients participated in the study. It objectified: to rescue institutionalized patients' daily skills by promoting educational and personal skills activities, encouraging them to perform daily tasks. Four (4) educational workshops were held where some themes were addressed, such as: personal appearance, bath, oral hygiene, bed-making, belongings care and organization, medication intake, feeding and participation in recreational activities. This experience evidenced that mental patients when followed up, carefully cared and guided may skillfully perform basic daily tasks that they missed after years of institutionalization. It also brought about meaningful experiences, suggesting a humanized psychiatric nursing care practice, searching for simple alternatives but full of practical devices for a group of people who lost their autonomy for self-care due to the institutional process.


We present a tool for the design of curved folds of constant angle along curves composed of circular arcs. This tool allows the user to specify the intended shape, and computes its development. In general, the crease curves fold into helices of constant descent angle. If the crease curves are designed to remain planar (zero descent), our method additionally supports multiple pleated creases. Introduction The mathematics of folding sheets along curved creases has been developed over the past two decades [1, 2, 4]. The bulk of this work has focused on analyzing foldable crease patterns, in particular characterizing foldability, including locally around a crease and the regions between creases. Compared to straight-crease origami, there is relatively little work on algorithmic design of curved-crease foldings. In particular, existing curved-crease design software [5, 6] has focused on "forward" design, where the user manipulates the paper according to certain operations and the software models the result. In this paper, we focus on "inverse" design, where the user specifies the paper's desired final form, and the software reverse-engineers the design. Unlike [7], we do so for a very special class of curved-crease designs, whose crease patterns consist of one or more pleated curved creases formed by circular arcs with matching tangents, and whose foldings have constant fold angle along the curve(s). Within this restriction, the mathematics is relatively clean, making the inverse problem relatively straightforward, thereby enabling the user to easily produce designs that fold into desired shapes. In addition to the case where the folding keeps the creases in a single plane, we analyze the more general setting where the creases form helices with a constant descent angle. Figure 1 shows shapes obtained by our method. The next section gives an intuitive construction, while the following section gives a formal mathematical description. Folding strips of paper with one or more pleated curved creases has been explored before in the artistic setting. Notably, Josef Albers (of the Bauhaus) folded an elegant three-crease design while at BlackMountain College in the 1940s [8]. Jun Mitani features several one-crease designs in his recent book [9, pp. 6–11], which he calls "squiggles"; most impressive is his treble clef. We developed an online web tool [3] implementing the basic computation of our method. The user can click a sequence of points defining a curve composed of circular arcs and lines for the folded state, and the software computes the unfolded development— the 2D crease that would fold into the specified planar curve. (Currently, the fold angle is assumed to be c/3.) We use our tool to develop a curved-crease font in the last section. Intuitive Description of Folding with Helical Crease Curves When deforming a sheet of paper without stretching, tearing or creasing, the resulting surface is composed of a family of straight lines. These lines are in particular visible as contours of the paper from different viewpoints. In the mathematical world, the surfaces that reflect this behaviour are compositions of so-called developable surfaces, which are surfaces that can be unrolled into the plane without stretching or tearing. Bridges 2020 Conference Proceedings


It has introduced a simple method to create 3D modeling of involute helical gear in SolidWorks and Excel. Through a typical example, it has introduced how to carry out the involute date file in Excel, then the involute graph was brought in SolidWorks, the gear 3D modeling was created in SolidWorks environment. Thought this can apply in other 3D modeling of gear.


This is a study on the development of a road following vision-based guidance system for unmanned air vehicles (UAV) in real world applications. Currently, autonomous navigation requires the use of GPS. In many applications, however, dependence on GPS is undesirable. GPS signals are weak and can be jammed easily. Also, GPS waypoints may not be up-to-date. In recent years, vision-based navigation has been gaining popularity. Vision-based guidance requires existence of visible paths or extended landmarks for air vehicles to detect and follow. Roads are the most commonly available path to follow. Moreover, the abundance of events that happen along roads make them appealing subjects of surveillance. Many road detection (single images) and road tracking (videos) algorithms have been proposed in the literature. Fast detection and tracking has been the emphasis of those intended for UAVs. Due to the complexity of road detection, we not only need advanced software but also the most effective sensors. In this paper, we propose a road following algorithm that uses both RGB camera and hyperspectral sensor and report the results of actual test flights conducted in different locations and different seasons.


Abstract. While Iran has the richest energy source, but wastage and improper use of it has imposed irretrievable damages to our annual budget; such that construction division has allocated the most level of energy to itself with more than 40% of total energy produced in Iran and consumption of expenses equal to 30% of earning gained from oil sale. Since electricity energy has the most share of energy consumption in construction division, providing modern ways to reduce the consumption of this energy is necessary. Meanwhile using natural light in spaces has effective role in energy efficiency and preventing from dissipation of electricity energy since usual solutions in the modern time, namely using electrical illumination systems will result in space heating and bodily (eye) damages, beside very much expense. In this article, after mentioning the benefits of natural light in buildings, we will address the manner of using natural light in ancient architecture and finally will develop and discuss the modern methods of using this natural source like sun pipes, mirror conductors which other countries have used. Keywords: The least natural light, reducing energy consumption, sun pipes, mirror conductors


Ethanolic extracts of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius, P. ostreatus, P. djamor var. djamor and P. djamor var. roseus) and the split gill mushroom (Schizophyllum commune) were successfully investigated for their antioxidant properties. The study was carried out to determine the capability of the extracts to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, to determine its reducing ability towards ferricyanide complex (FRAP assay) and to determine the concentration of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) in the macrofungi ethanolic extracts. Inhibition concentration at 50% (IC50) for each extract to scavenge DPPH radicals was detected from 2.75 mg/ml to 12 mg/ml where S. commune from the fourth flush showed the lowest IC50 value among all tested mushrooms. The greatest ability to reduce ferricyanide complex to ferrous form was observed in P. djamor var. djamor at concentration 10 mg/ml in both first (1.23 ± 0.02) and second flushes (1.23 ± 0.00). Meanwhile, the highest TPC was determined in P. djamor var. djamor extract (51.94 ± 0.04 mg TAE/g dry weight of extract) whereas S. commune gave highest reading of total flavonoid content in TFC assay (29.80 ± 0.27 mg QE/g dry weight of extract). All the mushroom samples showed appreciable antioxidant properties which therefore, can be promoted as natural antioxidant preference in food and pharmaceutical industries.


Philippe Carrard's new book on historical writing in contemporary France, with special reference to the 'Annales school', aims at filling a gap between recent works on this group (works which he considers to be insufficiently concerned with literary problems) and studies of the rhetoric of history (which rarely deal with the late 20th century). A specialist in French literature, and apparently bilingual, Carrard is well qualified for this task. About thirty French practitioners of the 'New History' were chosen for examination, on criteria which are not completely clear. The central core includes about a dozen names, all of them well known (Fernand Braudel, Roger Chartier, Alain Corbin, Georges Duby, Arlette Farge, Marc Ferro, Franqols Furet, Pierre Goubert, Jacques Le Goff, Mich~le Perrot, Paul Veyne, Michel Vovelle). An


Anthropomorphic hiked short swords were a rare and specialised weapon whose size, style, and human symbolism altered little over some 300 years. A small proportion of these short swords are engraved or stamped with designs inlaid with gold or other metals which are suggested to represent different stages of the lunar cycle. The measurement of time in nights is evidenced by later Gallo-Latin calendars written in Gaulish and this is endorsed by literary evidence for Late Iron Age France which points to the association of this knowledge with a specialist religious class. It is suggested that the swords were used in practices or ceremonies associated with making and keeping the time by counting nights, and determining what was a propitious day.


This paper describes the implementation of a novel and highly versatile digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) -probably the most critical component in any digitally controlled switching power converter. Its new architecture, composed of a delay-locked loop (DLL) and programmable DPWM module, allows the generation of high resolution, high switching frequency (f/sub m/) PWM signals. The DPWM IC was designed using a standard 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process and supports switching frequencies beyond 15 MHz.


In this thesis, we present different equivalent ways of studying the Stokes
phenomenon of the Airy equation. Since it has two entire solutions that can
be written as a Fourier transform of an exponential function, in the first
chapters we introduce the notions of enhanced sheaves and of their
Fourier-Sato transform. For the Airy case this is a compact support first
homology group of a specific region, that has as generators some cycles
that we can explicitly find by basic Morse theory. In conclusion, these
cycles give an isomorphism between the previous Fourier-Sato transform and
a direct sum of exponential enhanced sheaves that correspond to the
asymptotic behavior of the solutions of the Airy equation.


Hilbert's Fifth Problem, in English translation, [1], is as follows : ``How far Lie's concept of continuous groups of transformations is approachable in our investigations without the assumption of the differentiability of the functions ?" followed by : ``In how far are the assertions which we can make in the case of differentiable functions true under proper modifications without this assumptions ?" Lately, in the American mathematical literature, due to unclear reasons, it has often been distorted and truncated as follows, [3] : ``Hilbert's fifth problem, like many of Hilbert's problems, does not have a unique interpretation, but one of the most commonly accepted accepted interpretations ..." A recent letter in this regard, sent to Terence Tao, and the editors of [3], Dan Abramovich, Daniel S Freed, Rafe Mazzeo and Gigliola Staffilani can be found below.


In India, a national lockdown was enforced following the novel COVID-19 pandemic coronavirus. This article addresses social, psychological, and health issues following the lockdown, concentrating on women of all strata in India. A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar. Besides, current guidelines, including those of the World Health Organization and publications from a range of nonacademic outlets (e.g., news website publications), have been accessed. National lockdown programs have resulted in financial losses and mass concern and agony due to factors such as a sense of cornering and loss of control. We interviewed 21 Indian women from different ages and professional backgrounds. The outbreak and lockdown of COVID-19 have several implications for people's lives, specifically females; stress, fear, frequent griefs, children's school breaks, and lockdown in India have increased psychological issues and concern for the economic future of their families.


The place of mobile devices in elections at tertiary institutions is quite a recent development in most places. However, it is about time we established the extent of feasibility, scientifically speaking, of such a technologically-driven practice. By evoking the mixed methods approach, via the lens of the doctrinal principle of hermeneutics this study largely dwells on the key conceptualizations of security, trustworthiness, voter turnout and queuing to flesh out the implications of the feasibility of such a technological innovation. Per the findings, mobile voting holds much promise for campus politics or democracy in spite of perceptibly enduring security concerns. The paper concludes by encouraging further studies on a broader scale to establish the feasibility of mobile voting in national elections.


Experiments were performed to determine if the newt Notophthalmus v. viridescens preferred the amphipod Hyalella over the cladoceran Daphnia under laboratory conditions and how temperature, relativ...


Abstract : At sea, the Independent Duty Corpsman is responsible for the diagnosis and management of illnesses which arise. He must decide whether to treat the patient onboard the ship, or, if necessary, make recommendations regarding the evacuation of the patient. A computer based medical support system has been developed to assist the corpsman in the diagnosis, triage, and management of patients who present at sea. The computer based chest pain program is intended for use with males, between the ages of 17 and 79, and provides medical support for 4 causes of acute chest pain. They are myocardial infarction, angina, chest infection, and non-specific chest pain. The program consists of a diagnostic module, which provides diagnostic and treatment suggestions for each of the chest pain diseases, a training module, which tests the corpsman's accuracy in abstracting data from patient narratives, and a SF- 600 generation module, which prints medical record entries based on patient data entered into the program. This report is a manual designed to train the Independent Duty Corpsman in the use of the chest pain decision support system. The manual describes the hardware and software needed to run the computer program and discusses in detail each of the chest pain modules. Keywords: Biomedical information systems, Medical computer applications, Computer aided diagnosis.


Objective To analyze the adverse drug reaction(ADR) induced by Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Injection to provide references for rational use of drugs.Methods The TCM injection ADR reports collected by Heilongjiang Center for ADR Monitoring in 2008 have been analyzed retrospectively.Results ADRs involved mainly skin and accessories injury.ADRs induced by Shuanghuanglian injection were most.Conclusion ADR monitoring for TCM injections should be reinforced to reduce and prevent ADR.


Pollen collected by bees is an excellent remedy for various diseases, while representing a balanced and nutritious food. Biochemical composition of pollen varies from one species to another. At the same time, the quality is dependent on several factors such as pollen harvesting period, packaging and storage methods, conditioning. Our research aims to follow the dynamic changes in the biochemical composition, occurring in bee pollen, in different storage conditions. Working methods used were the bee pollen harvesting by collectors of pollen, his conditioning and keeping it in different conditions (temperature and light) for 3 and 6 months. Later, chemical analysis were made, aiming for each batch, the evolution of moisture, dry substance, minerals, fat, protein and easily hydrolyzable nitrogen. The data were analyzed by applying descriptive statistics and analysis of variance using unifactorial ANOVA test. The research undertaken complete the poor information on the dynamics of biochemical properties of pollen, looking to point some aspects on the storage conditions of this bee product.


The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum has significant interest both for basic science and for industrial applications, especially lithography-related studies. Discharge-produced plasma (DPP) EUV source efficiently generates EUV radiation. Current pulse parameter is the most important and sensitive factor in DPP EUV source, which is determined by the discharge loop inductance. This paper reports on shortening the current pulsewidth by reducing discharge loop inductance on a xenon gas Z-pinch DPP EUV source. The inherent inductance of the discharge loop was reduced to about 17 nH from the previous 34 nH, and the short-circuit current pulsewidth was shortened to 85 ns. Pulsewidth of discharge plasma current was only about 110 ns. DPP EUV source was characterized in terms of EUV signals (7-16 nm) and images. The experimental results show that a shorter current pulse produces sharper EUV signals. Ultrashort current pulse discharge radiated a sharp EUV signal with a narrow pulsewidth [full-width at half-maximum (FWHM)] of only 10 ns. Axial and radial sizes (FWHM) of EUV-emitting plasma were 2 mm and 400 μm, respectively. EUV source resembles an ellipse differing from the jet shape driven by longer current pulses. Thus, a DPP EUV source driven by an ultrashort current pulse may suit high temporal and spatial resolutions required for EUV application. Corresponding plasma dynamics are observed and discussed. A comparison of time-resolved visible and EUV light images indicates that EUV emission radiates from two adjacent stagnated hot plasma columns and localizes along the central axis. This also differs from longer current driven plasma dynamics, in which EUV emission radiates from the neck part between two separate cooler plasma zones and moves with the current flow. This implies that ultrashort current pulse may inhibit axial development of EUV-emitting plasma, thus improving EUV source spatial stability and reducing EUV radiation size.


Here the authors review the state of the art in the use of protein-protein interactions ppis within the context of the interpretation of genomic experiments. They report the available resources and methodologies used to create a curated compilation of ppis introducing a novel approach to filter interactions. Special attention is paid in the complexity of the topology of the networks formed by proteins nodes and pairwise interactions edges. These networks can be studied using graph theory and a brief introduction to the characterization of biological networks and definitions of the more used network parameters is also given. Also a report on the available resources to perform different modes of functional profiling using ppi data is provided along with a discussion on the approaches that have typically been applied into this context. They also introduce a novel methodology for the evaluation of networks and some examples of its application.


Current debates around the notions of the "green", "sharing" or "circular" economy tend to be dominated by advocates of conventional, profit, and growth-oriented modes of production. For example, s...


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rolling of tubular products. Proposed unit comprises first furnace for preparation of the first product at initial temperature, rolling device to make intermediate product, rear rolling device to feed intermediate product thereto to produce tubular product therefrom. Cooling line is arranged downstream of rolling device to control the intermediate product temperature. Note also that induction unit is arranged between rolling device and rear rolling device to directly control intermediate product temperature prior to feeding said intermediate product processed in induction unit to rear rolling device. Cooling line is arranged downstream of rear rolling device to control the finished product temperature. EFFECT: higher quality of finished product. 20 cl, 2 dwg


This paper presents an improved variational formulation for active contours model that forces level set function to be fast and stably close to signed distance function. The improvement can completely eliminates the need of the costly Re-initialization procedure. A restriction item that is nonlinear heat equation with balanced diffusion rate is added to the traditional Chan-Vese vector-valued model. The proposed variational level set formulation is implemented by finite difference scheme with spatial rotation-invariance gradient and divergence operator. Consequently it computes more efficiently. The proposed algorithm has been applied to both synthetic and real images with promising results.


The State of Delaware is now in the design/build phase of a major north-south relief highway. Expedient action included an Environmental Impact Statement adequate to show that the project is environmentally sound and the highway project a necessary one. It now appears that a re-statement of the environmental impact criteria to show consideration for human needs, as well as those related to status quo wildlife conditions, would reveal other multi-purpose-land-use possibilities that would be of a value at least equal to that of the proposed new relief highway - and for no more, or possibly less, cost than for only the new relief highway as now being designed. This paper discusses the subject in terms of flood prevention, pest control recreation, groundwater management, and related topics


This paper provides an overview of the author's derivation of the most productive areas for urban research. The first general topic to be considered is the understanding of the urban process, together with the role of that understanding in planning; the second general topic is the problem of generating a limited number of alternative policies which may be considered to be in some sense optimal—in part, the problem of urban design. In each case, the nature of the problems associated with the topic is explored, and a number of suggestions are made for fruitful directions for research.


High performance, strongly consistent applications are be-ginning to require scalable sub-microsecond clock synchronization. State-of-the-art clock synchronization focuses on improving accuracy or frequency of synchronization, ignoring the properties of the local clock: lost of connectivity to the remote clock means synchronization failure. Our system, Graham, leverages the fact that the local clock still keeps time even when connectivity is lost and builds a failure model using the characteristics of the local clock and the desired synchronization accuracy. Graham characterizes the local clock using commodity sensors present in nearly every server and leverages this data to further improve clock accuracy, increasing the tolerance of Graham to failures. Graham reduces the clock drift of a commodity server by up to 2000 × , reducing the maximum assumed drift in most situations from 200ppm to 100ppb.


Synthesis and natural action of new derivatives of triazolopyrimidines (4a-j) was achieved from diverse acetoacetamides, novel aldehyde and triazole using heating within 40 min. with good yield. The triazolopyrimidines of the products were sustained by FTIR, PMR and mass spectral data


Grains offer a variety of nutrients; it is thought that through the addition of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) the fiber and protein in baked products may be improved. In this study, all-purpose flour and bread flour were tested with various DDGS substitution levels (0%, 25%, or 50% flour substitution) with the dough conditioner sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL) (0%, 0.15%, or 0.3% flour weight basis). SSL is surfactant produced from reacting stearic acid with food grade lactic acid in the presence of sodium. Overall, as the substitution level of DDGS increased, so did protein, moisture, ash, and Hunter-a values. Peak height, side height, width, and length of baked loaves decreased as DDGS quantity increased, however. Baked bread containing SSL had enhanced quality, with increasing dough strength, rate of hydration, mixing tolerance, crumb strength, loaf volume, and shelf life. Overall, 25-50% DDGS substitution appeared to have a negative effect on physical features despite the fact that the nutrient content was enhanced. Less than 25% DDGS had minimal negative effects on bread properties.


How can we document and explain changes in, and outcomes of, music therapeutic work? In therapy, change is connected to a timeline of meaningful moments of insight and communication between therapist and client, which need to be understood through a situationist stance on musical experience. Social neuroscience research that describes time processes of musical communication and physiological change creates frameworks for researching such processes. What accounts for change in music therapy can be elucidated by recent research into music therapy praxis of improvising and verbal reflection and research on music's effects on neural processing, particularly in fronto-temporal and right-hemisphere regions that are implicated in music, language and emotion processing.


This research begins with a phenomenon where several banking sector companies experience increased corruption cases in financial management. The low internal control system and the lack of good corporate governance are opportunities to commit fraud by taking advantage of positions and positions. If these two things are done well, the company can undoubtedly minimize fraud, which will affect the quality of its financial statements. This study aims to analyze the role of banks in practicing reasonable internal control and governance systems. This research uses a quantitative approach with a causal type of research. This research uses a quantitative approach with a causal type of research. The population in this study is a national private commercial bank listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample was determined based on the accidental method, with a total sample of 34 established bank companies. The process of collecting primary data using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed and processed using Smart PLS. The results showed that the internal control system had a positive and significant effect on fraud prevention but no effect on financial reports' quality. At the same time, the principles of good corporate governance have a positive and significant effect on fraud prevention and the quality of financial reports. Fraud prevention has a positive and significant effect on the quality of financial reports.


This study focused on the characterization of Natural Rubber (NR)/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) filled Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) nanocomposites. The effects of GNPs non-covalent surface treatment using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and different loading of filler addition (0.25-5.00 wt. %) to cure characteristics, thermo-mechanical and thermal degradation properties of produced NR/EPDM rubber blends nanocomposites were analyzed and inter-correlated with their fracture morphologies. The surface treatment of GNPs was found to enhance the fillermatrices interaction in the NR/EPDM blend nanocomposites compared with unfilled and untreated GNPs filled NR/EPDM systems at similar loadings. The nanocomposites with 3.00 wt. % of PEI-treated GNPs possessed outstanding mechanical properties compared with unfilled NR/EPDM blends and filled nanocomposites without treatment (tensile strength of 27.78 MPa, 19.65 MPa and 23.34 MPa; respectively). The results were supported with thermal and dynamic analyses. Highly homogeneous dispersion of GNPs nanofillers and the presence of strong interfacial interaction between the matrix and reinforcement nanofiller resulted in an excellent thermal-mechanical properties of nanocomposites filled with 3.00 wt. % PEI treated GNPs. Obvious fractured morphological changes due to the noncovalent treatment provided hints on the role of GNPs treatment in improving the NR/EPDM blends mechanical and thermal properties.


Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, presenting as painless subcutaneous nodules with lymphadenopathy and peripheral eosinophilia, mainly disturbing the head and neck region. It mainly affects Asian males in their 2nd to 4th decade of life. Kimura's disease, although difficult to diagnose clinically, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who have a primary lymphadenopathy with eosinophilia with or without subcutaneous nodules. It should be investigated accordingly as the disease has an indolent course and good prognosis. Herein we report two cases of Kimura's disease, of which one had unusual site of involvement.


where f(x) is a di erentiable scalar function, x ∈ Q ⊆ R, R is an Euclidean nite-dimension space, and Q is a simple set, i.e., a set onto which one can easily project. Examples of such sets are the positive orthant, a parallelepiped, a ball, etc. The gradient approach to solving problem (1.1) has long been a conventional method, but its continuous variants are not well investigated. First of all, this pertains to methods in which one should take into account constraints imposed on the variables. In this paper we consider the gradient methods of rst and second order, where the constraints are taken into account by means of projection operators. The asymptotic and exponential stability of such processes is proved.


Due to the large geometrical difference between thestructures of the trans and cis isomers, a necessary prerequi-site for the occurrence of photoisomerization in azoben-zene-containing monolayers is to provide sufficient freevolume to the system. Decoupling the photochromic unitelectronically from the conducting surface by avoiding adirect contact is also crucial to preserve the photoelectronicactivity.


Constitution of the Spanish monarchy, formed by Ferdinand VII in Cadiz, 19 March 1812, presented in 10 chapters with a foreword by Ignacio d la Pezuela


Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), particularly in patients infected with multidrug resistance (MDR) Gram-negative bacilli, is a common and potential serious associated illness leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the second most common pneumonia-causing pathogen, followed by K. pneumonia and S. aureus in India. This resistance is one of the most barriers to bacterial eradication and clinical cure of Pseudomonas infection. This delay in the management of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa with antibiotics can lead to increased mortality and morbidity. Here we discuss a case of a CAP caused by pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa which was resistant to the first line of antibiotics, piperacillin-tazobactam & cefoperazone sulbactam but sensitive to Supime (cefepime + sulbactam). Supime 3gm BD with 30 minutes of infusions for 7 days was effective in treating and discharging the patient from the hospital. Supime was safe and efficacious to treat hospitalized CAP patient infected with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Techniques described herein provide innovation relating to directing traffic through a distributed network. A first node can receive packets that are directed to a second node. The first node can determine that the second node is a member of the distributed network based on information within a distributed ledger stored locally on the first node in which the second node is a member based on fulfilling a condition within a smart contract that manages membership. A tunnel from the first node to the second node can be generated to send the packets to the second node. Previously available blockchain systems do not employ abilities to track products beyond mere custody information. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Many traditional storage systems are centralized storage systems. In such storage systems, one or more servers serve as a central repository that stores information. The central repository is accessible to various client devices. The central repository is often managed by a business entity that typically charges a fee to access the central repository. In some instances, there is a transaction fee associated with each transaction. For example, there is often a transaction fee for writing information that pertains to a new transaction, and another transaction fee for accessing information related to an old transaction. As such, centralized storage systems tend to be relatively expensive. Some centralized storage systems are susceptible to unauthorized data manipulation. For example, in some instances, a malicious actor may gain unauthorized access to a central repository and may surreptitiously change information stored in the central repository. In some scenarios, the unauthorized changes may not be detected. As such, the information stored in a centralized repository is at risk of being inaccurate. 2 Venable et al.: SELF-ORGANIZING MESHES USING DISTRIBUTED LEDGER SYSTEMS Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2019 2 5882X In a distributed ledger environment (blockchain), the nodes (e.g., network routers and other devices) are 'approved' members of a blockchain while 'unapproved' nodes are excluded. In blockchain parlance, node admission is via Proof of Authority in the smart contracts; e.g., the blockchain is hosting a distributed certificate authority that is censorship resistance because its policies and actions are automated via the smart contracts running in the network. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) mesh overlays can implement secure endto-end routing and cryptographic message protection. SSL/VPN meshes are also possible in a PKI environment. With the blockchain, novel new addressability mechanisms arise. The concept of building a new blockchain on the fly for a temporary purpose also has appealing applications. Interposing routers (e.g. devices from certain competitors or countries, etc.) are oblivious to these networks, which may be persistent or temporary or intent-driven. Figure 1, below, is a schematic diagram of a distributed ledger environment. Figure 1 Self-Organizing Mesh Techniques described herein provide methods and systems to locate (geospatial, travel time, jurisdictional, etc.) member nodes of a blockchain network and map them across all nodes in the blockchain network, with the desirable properties of deterministic, non-interactive algorithms such that all of the nodes arrive at the same state conclusion 3 Defensive Publications Series, Art. 2588 [2019] https://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series/2588 3 5882X (consensus) in parallel. This is achieved through smart-contract transactions where nodes publish enough information as transactions to a blockchain ledger, which is verifiable by all other nodes such that they independently compute the same map with 'pins' placed on it for nodes. This 'registration' data set is signed by each node using its public/private key pair registered in the blockchain (which can be issued and verified by a distributed certificate authority (Dist.CA)). Such methods and systems can also draw lines between the 'pins' (nodes) in which the lines may represent tunnel/routing relationships in the network (e.g., IPSec tunnels). Tunnel authentication and cryptography will be established using the well-known public/private key pairs owned by each respective node as published in the blockchain ledger (issued and verified by the Dist.CA). Embodiments may include Google Maps®, Wi-Fi®/Bluetooth® signal triangulation, dynamic network telemetry tested over an overlay network, continent, region, locale, number of desired redundant links, etc. Such methods and systems can include logic in which the network load balances each node with a minimum redundant set of routes (high-availability) and a maximum (graph degree) and adapts in real-time to transient nodes joining and leaving the mesh. Independent copies of this 'network graph' can be maintained at each node, which can be used (in a predictable consensus manner) in the network control plane for updating routes in real-time in the network data plane. General network admission control can be facilitated via blockchain contracts (e.g., smart contracts) and leveraging Dist.CA (equivalent to network identity). To that end, the distributed ledger environment can include one or more source nodes (e.g., a first source node, a second source node, and a third source node), one or more receiver nodes (e.g., a first receiver node, a second receiver node, and a third receiver node), various connecting nodes, and a distributed ledger copied on all the nodes (e.g., source nodes, receiver nodes, and connecting nodes). Briefly, in various implementations, the connecting nodes provide various communication paths between the source nodes and the receiver nodes, and each node is configured to adjust at least a portion of the communication paths based on their performance. Figure 2, below, illustrates such a distributed ledger environment. 4 Venable et al.: SELF-ORGANIZING MESHES USING DISTRIBUTED LEDGER SYSTEMS Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2019


Promoting physical activity is an essential strategy for maintaining health and preventing disease in the global population. The promotion of healthy lifestyles with emphasis on physical activity at an early age, taking advantage of the school environment will favor the adoption of healthy lifestyles and will guarantee the health of the future adult. The aim of the present study was to characterize the level of physical activity in the school population. Methodology: a cross-sectional descriptive study, the instrument for data collection was PAQ-C, it was applied to a sample of 247 students aged between 6 and 12 years. The results indicate that the population practices physical activity.


Wide attention has been paid in the recent literature to reliable and efficient modeling of phase noise in oscillators with particular regard to limitations related to the passive element quality factors and higher noise in short channel CMOS transistors. A model based on linearization along the orbit and Floquet eigenvector decomposition seems to properly describe the phase noise, and is now implemented in widely used simulation tools. The major drawback of this approach is the lack of circuit insights that could guide designers in their work. We present an application of Floquet eigenvectors information as a tool of analysis and comparison between different topologies in particular the well known differential oscillator and the Abidi "tail filter" CMOS architectures.


The several concepts and methods for calculating areas of animal activity are compared. These include minimum home range, circular, mean linear, and median-composite, based on points where individual members of a species were seen. The results with these methods are compared with those based on outlines of home range (or territory) as commonly used for birds. Calculating a home range as circular yields area products close to reality for some sociologic groups of animals but not for most. The minimum-range method yields products smaller than those based on the circular-range method. The median-composite method yields a more compact central area, or core, than do the others but also a progressively wider scattering of isolated points toward the exterior of the composite range. In one case examined (squirrel home ranges), the area which enclosed 75 percent of the points in the core of the median-composite range was about the same as that enclosing 100 percent of the points as commonly used in the minimum home-range method. The shapes of observed home ranges generally change with number of observations and time, but the cores tend to be more stable, and remain more characteristic for different groups, even though also affected by the habitat. Frequency-distribution studies based on the distances of points from the major and minor median axes permit statistical analyses of deviations. Workers in home-range biomass (McNab 1963 and Lewis 1963), home-range area (Dice and Clark 1953 and Sanderson and Sanderson 1964), sociology (Calhoun and Casby 1958:11), parasitology (Milne 1949: 196 and Audy 1961:411), biomass per inhabited area (Odum 1959:152 and Cockrum 1962:154), and other relations of animals to objects in areas of activity are confronted by many methods of delineating home range. All of these delineations are biased according to the means of observation as well as the means of calculating area. Nevertheless, the records bear useful common characteristics which may be enhanced by comparative study. In one study (Stumpf and Mohr 1962) we used mean centers (of Hayne 1949), and axes of individual ranges to construct composite ranges, from which we determined the shape of average areas of activity for various species. Later we found that median centers and axes were more convenient for studying the relation of parasitism to areas of activity (Mohr and Stumpf 1964:74). This median-composite method is applied here to home ranges described in our earlier paper. Results based on livetrapping and retrapping are compared to those based on other methods of observation, direct and indirect, and to other procedures for determining areas of ranges. Thanks to Drs. Deane P. Furman of the Division of Parasitology, Glen C. Sanderson of the Illinois Natural History Survey, Lowell Adams of the George Williams Hooper Foundation, and Ryo Tanaka of the Kochi Women's College, Japan, for reading and discussing various points in our manuscript; to Dr. James N. Layne of Cornell University for lending homerange data on the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) and to Mrs. Margaret S. Dickinson of Columbia, Missouri, for help with composition in the manuscript.


The voracity e ect (Tornell and Lane, 1999) shows that in the presence of a weak legal framework the competition among powerful groups over a common resource (tax revenues) has perverse e ects on economic growth. We investigate the economic e ects of assuming that groups have di erent bargaining power. The introduction of heterogeneity has important consequences. First, the perverse e ect of voracity on growth becomes weaker and asymmetric, as heterogeneity reveals the presence of a new mechanism that we label as the switching e ect . Secondly, with heterogeneity changes in the allocation of bargaining power across groups become a new source of voracity. Thirdly, shocks that trigger the voracity e ect also have an impact on inequality. We nd that the relationship between voracity, growth and inequality depends on the nature of the shock. We look for voracity among developed countries and nd some suggestive evidence of its presence among OECD countries characterized by weak institutions.


Today,students are in a competitive society,how to make students a place in the competition,is an issue that the management of vocational colleges and teachers can not avoid.From the key point of the training capacity of music students,thoroughly discusses the nature of music teaching in rhythm,against the characteristics of vocational education,raise measures to cultivate the sense of rhythm of students,as well as some practical methods.


Smart characterization approaches apply the latest high-resolution site characterization methods to find the contaminant mass flux, by integrating relative permeability mapping, classical hydrostratigraphy interpretation, and high-density groundwater and saturated soil sampling. The key factor that makes Smart characterization different is the application of quantitative saturated soil sampling in less permeable slow advection and storage zones to diagnose plume maturity and understand its implications for remedy selection and performance. Because direct sensing tools like the membrane interface probe are capable of providing screening-level assessments for hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents in storage zones, but not 1,4-dioxane, the recommended Smart approach involves application of specialized high-capacity mobile laboratories or rapid turn-around using fixed commercial labs. In addition to the benefit of rapidly characterizing sites, Smart characterization facilitates a flux-based conceptual site model, which allows stakeholders to focus remedies on the mobile portion of the contaminant mass or, in effect, the mass that matters. Through systematic planning and implementation, predesign characterization can be completed to optimize source and plume remedy strategies, balancing investment in Smart characterization with reductions in total life-cycle costs to ensure that an appropriate return on investigation is obtained.  © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Objective To explore anti cytotoxiciity effects and mechanism of Vitamin E(VE)combined with Vitamin C(VC)on quartz exposed alveolar macrophage(AM).Methods Method of cell culture in vitro was used to study effects of different concentrations of VE and VC on membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme of quartz exposed AM.Results Compared with the pure quartz group,when quartz exposed AM was added with VE and VC,active oxygen and malondialdehyde were significantly reduced whereas activities of SOD,GSH Px and CAT were significantly higher.Conclusions It suggests that VE combined with VC have protective effects on quartz exposed AM.


.. ... ABSTRACT Effect of addition of impurities present in kaolinite - Ti02, Fe2 o 3, Na2 o, ~0 - to equivalent Al 203-Si02 mixtures on crystal size and morphology of mullite were studied at 1650-1700°C. CaO and larger amounts of Fe2 o 3 added to A1 203-Si02 mixtures and to kaolinite caused an increase in crystal size. Kaolinite-based mixtures always showed acicular crystals which were observed in an Al 203-Si02 mixture only with larger additions of Fe2 o 3 •


The present invention relates to a switching valve switching a hydraulic system and a crane, wherein the switching valve having a working oil inlet and an oil return port work, which composition comprises at least two of the valve ports, each consisting of a valve inlet port and the working cartridge valve is provided with a pair of working oil between the ports and the return port, by controlling the opening and closing of the cartridge valve, so that the working oil inlet port and the return port work can communicate with at least two sets of pairs of valve ports switch between. By controlling the switching valve opening and closing the valve cartridge to work off the oil inlet port and the working port communicates with an oil return valve consisting of at least two pairs of ports, to smoothly perform a hydraulic system with at least two closed switching between the communication systems, the system reduces the number of hydraulic pumps, greatly reducing the cost and weight of the vehicle hydraulic system, with high reliability.


The influence of blood indices on chronic nonspecific ulcerous colitis are studied. Traditional hematological indices as well as an average volume and parameters of their distribution for erythrocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes are determined in the samples of periferical blood of patients having light, medium and severe degree of heaviness of an injury. It is shown that a due regard for dynamics of corpuscu-. lar volume characteristics of white and red blood cells may be used as an auxiliaiy criterion under differential diagnostics and this desease treatment process control.


User interfaces from dissimilar systems and applications are not usually analyzed or studied together or even in the same context unless the most generic possible method is meant to be applied and a model with high level of abstraction is sought for. In this study several interactive systems were analyzed and characterized at the user interface level in order to gain knowledge about the abstract model lying underneath and the type of modifications or innovations the yielded model would suggest. The possibility of porting and mixing the features of different user interfaces for exploring creative solutions was also considered. The study was conducted at the Electronic Visualization Laboratory in the University of Illinois at Chicago.


In American mythology, the town meetings of colonial New England are the storied source of the nation's democracy. But early New Englanders allowed the great majority of their adult males to vote only because they had no other way to secure social order. Without king, court, country lords, archbishop, or any other traditional authority, their rude frontier communities could only be ruled by public opinion. Town meetings were occasions to consolidate a popular will that could coerce the recalcitrant. They governed by common consent, but they were not democratic in any modem sense. They disallowed legitimate difference and dissent, disdained majority rule, and dreaded conflict. They were predicated on a homogeneity and a conformity that we today would find suffocating.


Parental Alienation is a phenomenon in which the parents, or a third caregiver, seek to denigrate one another by generally using children as the object of their revenge. Moving away from parenting, they confuse conjugal affections and use children, which can become the object of conjugal litigation. When making requests on behalf of the other, the child may introject the alienator's abandonment speech. The interdisciplinary study of how the judiciary is applying the law and facing this phenomenon may provide elements for a better understanding of the Brazilian family to protect the virulence of Parental Alienation.


Recent work by International Association of Women Judges (IAWJ) and Transparency International, among other civil society organisations, have contributed to raising awareness about sextortion as a form of corruption that severely affects women, girls and vulnerable individuals across the world, and, more generally, jeopardises the provision of public services and undermines public confidence in institutions and the rule of law. Corruption perpetuates gender inequality and abuse of power, and sextortion, in particular, encourages other forms of genderbased violence (GBV), such as rape, sexual assault and abuse.


This thesis compares different linear and nonlinear optimization methods for model predictive control of energy storage systems. The methods are applied to a compressed air energy storage system. Model predictive control is used to minimize operational costs covering a given 24-hour air demand using a time-sensitive electricity price as an incentive. The experiments are performed for several scenarios with variations in demand, electricity price, optimization timestep size and forecast quality.


Experiments on the production of a stable plasma column with q < 1 in the TT-3 and Toloskop devices are reported. The experiments were carried out to create a stable, hot (highly conducting) plasma capable of producing stable magnetic-column conditions in fusion devices of the Zeta and Al'fa type. The stability was studied by a dynamic-stabilization method with a high-frequency modulation of the approximately steady discharge current. It is concluded that the observed suppression of the MHD instability with m=1 is due to the combined effects of the induced currents in the conducting wall and the radial magnetosonic plasma waves which are excited. With a ''clean'' vacuum chamber, it is possible in this case to achieve stable operation for discharges in fusion like Zeta and Al'fa.


Polar molecules and graphene oxide (GO) have been used as the shell materials to prepare core–shell structured particles with enhanced electrorheological (ER) properties. Nevertheless, few studies compared the ER performance and stability of the suspensions with the two kinds of shell. In this study, urea and GO are used as the shell materials to prepare TiO2/urea and TiO2/GO core–shell particles-based ER fluids, respectively. Particle characterization results indicate the two kinds of core–shell structured particles present little change in size, morphology and crystal structure compared with the bare amorphous TiO2. Some polar groups are distributed on the surface of the two kinds of core–shell structured particles, which is responsible for their improved ER performance with respect to the bare TiO2 particles. The TiO2/GO particles-based ER fluid presents higher yield stress, lower leakage current density, better sedimentation stability but lower ER efficiency than the TiO2/urea particles-based sample. The larger surface area, stronger connection with the bare TiO2 particles, and larger number of polar groups of the GO-coating is the possible reason for the different properties of TiO2/GO particles-based ER fluid compared with the TiO2/urea particles-based sample.


Objective To investigate the effect of different temperature on canine lung perfusion and preservation.Methods Twenty-four canine were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 6 donors and 6 recipients in each.The donor lungs in experimental group were perfused with 23℃ LPD solution and preserved with 10℃ LPD solution.The donor lungs in control group were perfused with 4℃ LPD solution and preserved with 4℃ LPD solution,respectively.After perfusion,all donor left lungs were transplanted.The activity of medulae peroxidase(MPO),the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and wet/dry weight ratio(W/D) in the donor lungs of two groups were compared on 1 h,2 h and 4 h after transplantation.Hemodynamic parameters,blood gas analysis and histological results of the recipients were compared before and after transplantation.Results Compared with control group,MPO,MDA and W/D were relatively lower after perfusion(all in P0.05).PCWP and MPAP were lower after transplantation(all in P0.05).PaO2 was higher in experimental group(P0.05).Compared with control group,the level of neutrophilic granulocyte infiltration,alveolar edema,and damage of lungs were mild in experimental group.Conclusion From the present study,compared with the condition of 4℃ perfusion and 4℃ preservation,the condition of 23℃ perfusion and 10℃ preservation is more suitable for experimental lung transplantation.


The utility model relates to a mini-type tool used for repairing domestic electric appliance and electronic repairing trade. A plurality of test instruments with independent function can be combined as integration with a repairing tool, so the utility model has the functions of testing, lighting, repairing, etc. The utility model comprises a charger 1, a battery 2, an upper illumination lamp 3, a lower illumination lamp 4, a breaking find device 5, an electricity measurer 6, an adjustor 7, a motor 8 and a gear reducer 9. All the elements are arranged in a cylindrical shell which is made of insulated plastic, a double-head bolt driver 10 and a pair of tweezers 11 can be assembled when used, and the surface is provided with control elements K[1], K[2], K[3], R[W], display elements D[3], P and an induction electrode B.


K. Nowacki, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Metallurgy, Katowice, Poland One of significant factors affecting properties of steel is uniform distribution of non-metallic inclusions and alloy elements across the steel product cross-section. Acoustic treatment may be the final technological stage enabling the quality of steel to be influenced. Further research to be undertaken in this field should be focused on the design of power heads with application of a stack of several piezoceramic elements or what is referred to as a mosaic head, or consisting in simultaneous use of several heads. What is additionally required is to determine ranges of parameters of the acoustic treatment process for individual groups of steel grades.


The standardized design of space products has become significant since the fast development of pace technology. Currently, the space products are mostly designed separately which brings the fact that the interfaces of these products differ from each other, thus it obstructs the quick integration and test. In order to deal with this issue, this paper presents the reconfigurable unit to unify the diverse interfaces and the application of this method can satisfy the demand of different space missions, thus the research and development period and the cost can be reduced.


The dependences of the microstructure and hardness of the binary Cr-Ta alloys [Cr-9.0,-9.2,-9.4,-9.6,-9.8,and -13.0 Ta] (mole fraction,%) were investigated.When Ta content of the alloy is less than 9.4%,there are primary dendrite grains of a Cr solid-solution phase existing in the matrix of Cr-Cr2Ta eutectic colonies in the alloy.Moreover,the regular polygon grains of the primary Cr2Ta Laves-phase are surrounded by the Cr-Cr2Ta eutectic colony in the hyper-eutectic Cr-9.4%Ta alloys.The scanning electron microphotograph shows that one of the Cr2Ta phase plates of an eutectic colony always connects with the primary Cr2Ta Laves-phase grain in a hyper-eutectic alloy.The eutectic colony size of Cr-Ta alloys decreases with increasing Ta.In addition,the macrohardness of Cr-Ta alloys is influenced by the chemical composition at room temperature.The binary eutectic Cr-Ta alloy presents the lowest hardness on a macrohardness scale.


Over the latter half of the twentieth century, legal changes obliged public organizations in the United States to alter and standardize their procedures to provide due process and promote equal protection. Integration of administration into the constitutional order produced two remarkable changes. First, the everyday work of administration uses forms and vocabularies resembling those of law and the court system. Second, adoption of legally mandated due process protections catalyzed a broader values reorientation, yielding practices that promote social equity and public participation. However, as administrative practice became more law-like, partisans and organized interests made new use of legal tactics to bend administrative decision-making toward their own ends. Common patterns of unequal outcomes in the American legal system thus arise, in similar forms, in administrative settings. Law's problems have thereby become governance problems. This article elucidates these past and current patterns by reading law and society literature alongside that of public administration and public management. In doing so, it shows that these two fields have long developed in parallel and have much to contribute to each other. This article underscores the importance of mutual learning and understanding between the fields of law and society and public administration and management.


Abstract This paper proposes a novel method of photorealistic simulation of Buddha Glory, a natural phenomenon of great visual beauty which can be observed in the area of famous Buddhism Holy Lands in China. This phenomenon is mainly caused by back-scattering of water droplets in fog or cloud. To simulate the glory, we first calculate the spectral scatter intensity of glory rings using Mie scattering theory. We then present a new shadow model to determine the deformed shape of the head and body of "Buddha" within the glory ring. The affect of atmospheric parameters such as the solar elevation angles, the density and size of water droplet in fog or cloud on the shape and color of Buddha Glory is also calculated. For rendering, we adopt the method of path scattering integral to generate the whole attenuated scene of Buddha Glory. Compared with the photographs of real Buddha Glory displays, our synthetic results are quite satisfactory. Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China ...


Oxygen uptake rates and yolk-inclusive dry weiGhts were measured during the egg and yolk-sac larval stages of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal). Oxygen uptake by eggs and yolk-sac larvae was measured to assess the effects of four salinities (20,25,30,35 ppt) at 28°C. The effects of three temperatures (23,28,33°C) on oxygen uptake by yolk-sac larvae were determined at a salinity of 35 ppt. Dry weights were measured throughout embryonic development at 28°C and the yolk-sac stage at 23.28 and 33°C.

Oxygen uptake rates of eggs increased more than fivefold during embryogenesis (0.07±0.03 to 0.40 ± 03 μl O2 egg −1 h −1;blastula to prehatch stage). Larval oxygen uptake did not change with age but was affected by rearing temperature (0.33 ± 0.08, 0.44 ± 0.07 and 0.63 ± 0.13 μl O2 larva −1 h−1 at 23, 28 and 33°C, respectively; Q10= 1.93). Acute temperature changes from 28 to 33°C caused significant increases in oxygen uptake by embryos (Q 10= 1.69–3.58) and yolk-sac larvae (Q 10=2.55). Salinity did not affect metabolic rates.

Dry weight of eggs incubated at 28°C decreased 13% from fertilization to hatching. Incubation temperatures from 23–33°C did not affect dry weights at hatching. Rearing temperatures significantly affected the rate of larval yolk absorption (Q 10= 2.25).


Structural dynamic properties like stiffness and damping are strongly influenced by contact phenomena in jointed structures. Therefore numerical and experimental investigations are presented, in order to understand and predict the behaviour of such mechanical devices. (© 2010 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Metric learning has significantly improved machine learning applications such as face re-identification and image classification using K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. However, to the best of our knowledge, it has not been investigated yet, especially for the multimodal biometric recognition problem in immigration, forensic and surveillance applications with uncontrolled ear datasets. Therefore, it is interesting and very attractive to propose a novel framework for multimodal biometric recognition based on Learning Distance Metric (LDM) via kernel SVM. This paper considers metric learning for SVM by investigating a hybrid Learning Distance Metric and Directed Acyclic Graph SVM (LDM-DAGSVM) model for multimodal biometric recognition, where LDM and DAGSVM are two emerging techniques in dealing with classification problems. Different from existing multimodal biometric recognition methods, the proposed approach aims to learn Mahalanobis distance metric via kernel SVM to maximize the inter-class variations and minimize the intra-class variations, simultaneously. Experimental results on the uncontrolled datasets such as AR face and AWE ear datasets show that the proposed approach achieves competitive performance compared with models working on individual modalities and overperforms the state-of-the-art multimodal methods. The proposed model achieves five-fold classification accuracy around 99.85 % for the face and ear images.


Abstract Severe yet common product environmental tests are 1000 hours at 85 °C/85% RH or 95 °C/95% RH for products, circuit card assemblies, and electronic components. Such environments never occur naturally; however, they attempt to simulate the corrosion damage that could be expected in service. To what natural environment do these tests correlate? Further, how do tests based on MIL-HDBK-310, MIL-STD-810, and STANAG 2895 B3 daily environments compare to these standard test environments? The analysis employs the Physics-of-Failure (POF) Peck power law temperature-humidity model with common conservative values for the Arrhenius activation energy and the relative humidity exponent, based on aluminum corrosion, coupled with climatological data from 49 United States weather stations and 19 international locations. The monthly average temperature and humidity extremes were transformed into an hourly diurnal cycle assumed to occur every day of each month. Using the power law model the equivalent time at the te...


proved as distinct taxa (1, 2), as they are different in pathogenicity and in some other properties. However it is also widely accepted that they are quite similar. In fact some pathogens may produce non-pathogenic offsprings that are hardly distinguishable from normal B. cereus. Some B. cereus strains share some flagella antigens with B. thuringiensis (6; Ohba and Aizawa, unpublished data), and the formation of intracellular protein crystals, which has been considered as another characteristic of the latter, is now known in Bacillus subtilis (4) too. In their comprehensive studies Smith et al (9, 10) and Gordon et al (3) emphasized their similarities rather than difference and took a view that they are from academic viewpoint the different varieties of B. cereus. Since DNA homology was introduced as a new taxonomic criterion, Somerville and Jones (11) made some DNA-DNA competition experiments and suggested close interrelatendness of the three, though their data do not appear very clearcut. DNADNA hybridisation studies by Azuma (personal communication) and by Seki et al


The quantity of water in cement paste which can evaporate decreases with ageing as it is used up in the hydration process. Admixtures influence neither the quantity nor the rate of decrease of evaporable water. The degree of hydration of cement paste increases with age and after cement paste has been immersed 7 days in water, it is not modified by admixtures. The use of the latter does not improve the crushing strength of cement paste when the water/cement ratio or water and admixture/cement ratio remains unchanged. Tests were carried out on samples continuously stored in wet conditions at 7, 28 and 84 days. It was seen that the addition of admixtures to cement paste results in a reduction in the rate of increase of elastic stress measured as soon as loads are applied up to the time when a constant stress/strength ratio is obtained. In this case the rate of increase in the modulus of elasticity measured immediately after load application is increased. The conclusion reached is that the modifications to the modulus of elasticity measured immediately after load application are determined by basic modifications occurring in the structure of the paste. These observations apply only in the case of admixtures containing lignin.


A bacterial strain using phenol, naphthalene, benzoate and p-cresol as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated from waste sludge and was identified as Rhodococcus sp. strain PNAN5 according to morphological, physiological and its 16S rRNA gene sequence. This strain is able to degrade both polycyclic aromatics such as naphthalene and monocyclic aromatics such as phenol. Under experimental conditions, strain PNAN5 degraded 80~100% of the added phenols at temperatures of 20~40℃ and pH of 7.0~9.0. The concentrations of phenol at 2~10?mmol·L~(-1) did not significantly affect its removal efficiency. Its aromatic-degradation pathway is different from catechol 2,3-dioxygenase of the R. opacus, but adopted to that of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase. The kinetic constants of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase in cellular lysates were determined. The K_m and V_(max) of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase for catechol were 35.94?μmol·L~(-1) and 0.84?mol·L~(-1)·min~(-1)·mg~(-1)(protein), respectively.


Nishitani: Yes, not only the lack of worries, but even the naive happiness of common people may be subsumed in the original sinn, the overcoming of such sufferings will be achieved in Christianity by returning to God. Here is the characteristic Christian standpoint. In my feeling here comes for the first time the faith in Jesus Christ or reconciliation with God, such reconciliation can not be realized on the level of psychological conscious self. The true peace of mind or the supreme bliss is the state of God himself, and the attainment of the peace of mind in man is the transmission of the peace of God into man, then this standpoint is an objective one which is more than a mere subjective conscious state. It has reality and for man it is felt as the mercy of God. It has the character of the decided, the determined, or the infallible. There is something definite and powerful which go beyond the power of man. There are some who assert that it is the state of a kind of nothingness or freedom; but there are also some who emphasize the aspect of determination. Then the ,peace of mind at such standpoint exists at the deeper level than that in psychoanalysis or analytical psychology. There are some similarities with Morita therapy, even though there are also some differences. In Christianity there is the positive acceptance of suffering or the acceptance of the Cross. Such religious point of view, isn't it different from the usual psychological standpoint! Sato: Psychologically speaking isn't such acceptance of suffering looked upon as a kind of masochism! Nishitani: The contents may be different. As a real fact there may be cases which are very near to masochism; sometimes there may be really masochistic cases. I think here is a big problem, but I need not refer to it today. Sato: Then where is the difference from Buddhism? Nishitani: The characteristic of Buddhism lies in the awareness and the great strength of Buddhism lies there. The characteristic of Christianity is in the defmiteness of faith, and it is a very great matter in a sense. As to the faith in Christianity its objective ground is attributed to God. He usually believes that his faith is supported by the mercy of God. But that belief always remains, and it happens very often that the belief remains quite subjective. He believes that his faith was given by God, but there is a danger for such belief to become just a subjective feeling. Here we encounter some problems which are liable to the criticism of psychologists. In Buddhism the situation is in principle different, even though we cannot deny the possibility of such danger. Buddhism emphasizes the enlightenment or awareness. In Zen one doubts and doubts to the utmost as far as one can, and doubts even such matters which one once thought to be sure. It is expressed in Zen as 'robbing' (of his standpoint). The Body of Great Doubt appears on this ground. There are some similarities between such Great Doubt and the


Reaction of 2,2-dimethyl-1,4-diketones with liquid ammonia gives high yields of isolable 2-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrroles (3) and (5) which are readily dehydrated to give separable mixtures of 3H-pyrroles and methylenedihydropyrroles, while less-substituted 1,4-diketones give analogous hydroxy-compounds (4) and (6) which are hitherto-unsuspected intermediates in the Paal–Knorr 1H-pyrrole synthesis.


Tyler Gorda, 2 Aleksi Kurkela, Risto Paatelainen, Saga Säppi, 4 and Aleksi Vuorinen Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Physics, D–64289 Darmstadt, Germany Helmholtz Research Academy for FAIR, D–64289 Darmstadt, Germany Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway Helsinki Institute of Physics and Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Finland European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (ECT*) and Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Strada delle Tabarelle 286, I-38123, Villazzano (TN), Italy Abstract High-order perturbative calculations for thermodynamic quantities in QCD are complicated by the physics of dynamical screening that affects the soft, long-wavelength modes of the system. Here, we provide details for the evaluation of this soft contribution to the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO) pressure of high-density, zero-temperature quark matter (QM), complementing our accompanying paper in Ref. [1]. Our calculation requires the determination of the pressure of the hard-thermal-loop (HTL) effective theory to full two-loop order at zero temperature, which we go through in considerable detail. In addition to this, we comprehensively discuss the structure of the weak-coupling expansion of the QM pressure, and lay out a roadmap towards the evaluation of the contributions missing from a full N3LO result for this quantity.


A SOMEWHAT extended use of mnuriate of pilocarpine as a local application to the eye, during the past two years, has seemed to me to justify the expression of the belief that it deserves a place among our nmore valued reniedies in ophthalmic therapeutics. The preparation which I have used is that of Merck, of Darmstadt, and I have prescribed it in aqueous solution, usually of tlhe strength either of two grains or one grain to the ounce, to be dropped into the eye from a glass dropping-tube, which gives out a drop equal to about one-half minimn for each instillation. In asthenopia of young persons, unconnecte(d with any considerable grade of amiietropia, and in which pain or a sense of fatigue is the promiinent symptom, I have for fifteen years followed the suggestioni of our colleague, Dr. Ezra Dyer, to exercise the eyes systematically by reading daily for a prescribed nunmber of minutes, and increasing the time of reading as may be found practicable.' Comparing my recent with my earlier experience of this very valuable plan of treatmient, I feel sure that nmy success has been materially enhanced by conjoining with it the systematic use of pilocarpine. I prescribe a solution of the strength of two grains to the ounce, to be dropped into the eyes at bed-tinme, and in some cases also in the morning, at the samiie titme giving careful instruiction as to the kind and amount of eye-work, generally reading, which is to be done daily. In no case is this reading to be begun during the continuance of the primary myotic action of the pilocarpine, but only after the lapse of two or three hours if the instillation has been made in the morning, or early in the day if it has been made at bedtime. In carrying out this plan, I have had in imiind to alternate the daily voluntary exercise of the accommodation with a passive exercise


The stacking device comprises a loading robot connected to a telescopic conveyor belt (2). The robot has four grabs for picking up the drums, one of the grabs being swung back so that a row of four drums can be rotated through 90 deg. within a loading unit (1) having a width of 2500 mm. The robot is automatically positioned along the central axis of the loading unit.


Regarding the simultaneous and conjugated phytopatogenic agents, the wanted success in the fight again st the appearance and extension of the infectious processe s, to limit them at an acceptable economical level for quantitative and qualitative production loss, is obtained by an integrated use of the entire available measurements combined in an efficient control system, an organic part of the cu lture technology . With the help of the control methods applied, there is no need to slow down the existent tendency in t he agro system, that is, the applied measurements don't hav e to concern only the pathogen agent, but also the other components of the agro system (plants, animals, soil and clime ) .


At Yadgar in Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir, the Late Paleocene to Middle Eocene shallow water marine sequence overlies unconformably on the Cambrian carbonate unit of the Abbottabad Formation and includes the Hangu Formation, the Lockhart Limestone, the Patala Formation, the Margala Hill Limestone, the Chor Gali Formation and the Kuldana Formation. The Paleogene sequence is overlain by the Miocene Himalayan molasse of the Murree Formation. The genera Lockhartia, Ranikothalia, Assilina and Nummulites include Lockhartia tipperi (DAVIES), Lockhartia conditi (NUTTALL), Ranikothalia sindensis (DAVIES), Ranikothalia nuttalli (DAVIES), Assilina spinosa DAVIES and PINFOLD, Assilina subspinosa DAVIES and PINFOLD, Assilina laminosa GILL, Nummulites atacicus (LEYMERIE) and Nummulites mamillatus (FICHTEL and MOLL) are described and illustrated for the first time from the Upper Paleocene and Early to Middle Eocene beds in this region. The analyses of these larger benthic foraminifers suggest that the deposition of the Paleogene sequence occurred in a Neotethys warm and shallow marine environment in the Yadgar area, Muzaffarabad.


This article is referring to the key elements of the 'greenwashing' problem – unethical practices in the field of communicating a corporate social responsibility. The author begins with defining the term and pointing out its genesis. Subsequently, the scale of the phenomenon in the world is shown. The author ponders what the reason of the greenwashing and its potential consequences can be. The following part of the article shows some existing ways of dealing with the problem – independent initiatives, law regulations, and good practices.


The technology of forming ethnocultural literacy of volunteers of cultural and sporting orientation which the author regards as a detailed and specially arganized pedagogical process including the special jet and grouping of forms, methods, ways, modes and means of training, the description of the planned results and directing to the achievement of a high (an active life attitude) standard of knowledge of the cultural peculiarities and specific character of both one's own and other nations, the skills and habits of the international reciprocal action and the emotional and psychological readiness of a volunteer for the voluntary work under the conditions of the conditions of the multiculturalism has been described in the article.


In Jaltepec de Candoyoc, a small Ayuuk or Mixe indigenous village of the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca, a group of mostly female, 18 through 21 year old students of intercultural education, a B. A. programme offered by the Instituto Superior Intercultural Ayuuk (ISIA), one of Mexico's new, socalled intercultural universities, is reading, analysing and debating during their 2020 Spring term the Spanish edition of Robert Jackson's publication 'Signposts: policy and practice for teaching about religions and non-religious world views in intercultural education' (Jackson 2014, 2016). Originally designed as a teaching guide on inter-faith and intercultural education in European contexts, the book fascinates my Ayuuk students – not as an exotic source on very distant religions, but as an inspiring and provocative call for thematising and not silencing religious diversity in their own rural communities, which are undergoing rural-urban migration processes, which are increasingly exposed to violent drug cartels fighting each other to control transport facilities and which are also witnessing the appearance of Pentecostal and Adventist churches promising otherworldly salvation. In the context of strongly laicist educational policies in Mexico, both religious education and increasing religious diversity are often still avoided, treated as non-topics or perceived as taboo in Mexican public schools and universities. Only private, Catholic Church-run institutions, who reach out rather privileged students, offer confessional religious instruction, whereas public education emphasises 'civic education' and 'humanist values'. In this broader setting, the indigenous teacher training students in the Ayuuk university were particularly interested in Jackson's approach to treat all world views, religious as well as non-religious ones, as points of departure for inter-faith dialogues inside the culturally, linguistically and religiously diverse classroom. And they appreciated the exlicit educational strategy of 'sheltering' this diverse classroom as a 'safe space' (Jackson 2014) for encounters and exchanges of children and youth, not of particular religious institutions:


Although grassland has a significant biomass potential, many different factors can affect the quality of grassland feedstock. Changes in the chemical composition of grassland biomass can lead to a high variation in biogas potential, even within the same plant species. Therefore, four grass species and two legume species were grown in field plots and harvested at sequential stages of maturity in the first three growths. The samples were investigated in order to mathematically describe the relation between their chemical composition and biogas yield. A global biogas yield prediction model for energy crops allowed the differentiation between the samples for biogas yield. However, due to their distinct difference in plant chemical composition, the estimation accuracy was rather low. A model considering lignin, hemicellulose, and crude protein as regressors was most suitable for predicting the biogas yield of grassland plant species, with an accuracy of 31 L/kg volatile solids.


In this paper, a model of inflation, of the inertial type, is obtained by the linearization of Sraffa's price system. In the model, inflation results from the disequilibrium between the average profit rate entrepreneurs would like to get and the average real wage workers would like to obtain. Moreover, a "macroeconomic" version of the Sraffa's system is developed allowing a graphical analysis of the main conclusions.


Charles Waterton's place in the history of anaesthesia is assured because of his interest in South American arrow poison and the pioneering animal experiments in which he participated. In view of his status as a Yorkshire "Squire" the Yorkshire Society of Anaesthetists, responding to an enquiry from Dr J. R. Maltby of Calgary, Canada, felt it was appropriate to celebrate the bicentenary of his birth by holding a symposium at his birthplace, Walton Hall, on June 5,1982. In planning this symposium it became evident that Charles Waterton was a man with wide interests within the field of natural history and, if the bicentenary celebration was to mean anything more than to record his involvement with wourali (curare), his other contributions would need to be discussed. What emerged was a collage of a fascinating person who had fully used his bountiful energies to become an amateur natural historian with interests in taxidermy, ornithology, conservation, etc. Although he received little formal training in these subjects he was, and still is, taken seriously by professionals. His skill in taxidermy was such as to justify another bicentenary symposium at Walton Hall, confined to that topic, two days previously.


Abstract Landscape may be described as a part of space characterized by a certain physiognomy, which is a dynamic system subject to evolution. An important factor influencing the type and condition of the landscape is human activity which shapes or rebuilds its structure. Interesting results may be obtained on comparison of archival cartographic materials with contemporary studies and zoning plans. The Upper Silesian Coal Basin is a region with a clearly transformed landscape. The determinant of the geographical environment transformation here is the anthropogenic factor. The study area includes the upper part of the Kłodnica catchment (229.6 sq km). The study is a review, and its aim is to systematize data sources used in the research on the transformation of landscape structure of a heavily industrialized area. In the first half of the nineteenth century created the "Urmesstischblätter" in the scale of 1:25 000. Afterwards preparations began to take new topographic images of the country (the "Messtischblätter"). In the 1990s initiated the development of a new topographic map (in the scale of 1:10 000). Recent data source is for example the project CORINE Land Cover 2006. There are many of various sources of data on land cover. An important aspect is the proper selection of documents and maps, and their proper interpretation.


Ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near infrared (IR) multiwavelength extinction spectroscopy was applied in the exhaust line of an automotive common rail diesel engine to investigate the postinjection strategy impact on the fuel vapor. Four fuels were tested: a baseline diesel and three blends of diesel with 20% by volume of rapeseed methyl ester (RME), 20% of n-butanol and 20% of RME along with 20% of n-butanol. Experiments were performed at the engine speed of 2,750 rpm and 1.2 MPa of brake mean effective pressure. Preliminary engine tests were carried out to explore the postinjection activation aptitude to produce hydrocarbons at the exhaust, needed for the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter (DPF). Results of hydrocarbon and smoke emissions at the exhaust, with and without postactivation, are presented for the different blends. The optical diagnostic allowed to evaluate, during the postinjection activation, the evolution of the fuel vapor in the engine exhaust line. The spectroscopic investigation was focused on evaluation of the postinjection aptitude and fuel composition to produce hydrocarbon-rich exhaust gaseous. The main results showed that the butanol blended with diesel and/or biodiesel induced a higher concentration of fuel vapor within the exhaust manifold and consequently a lower tendency to lubrication oil dilution.


Abstract During software development, much time and cost have been spent for software maintenance. Typically, software developers segment source code into code fragments, each of which implements a single feature in it, and then understand every feature implemented in each of the code fragments individually. In this paper, we propose an approach based on slicing-based cohesion metrics to dividing source code into cohesive fragments, each of which implements a single feature in it. As a case study, we applied a tool implementing proposed approach into examples of methods including multiple features, and then confirmed the cases that the tool suggested code fragments, each of which implements a single feature in a method.


Quality of human resource (SDM) is the one of primary factor that need to performed a national development. Nutrient aspects takes a vital role to get the best quality of human resources. Adolescent need to getting some specific attention because of they have been growth experience and develop physically (Growth Spurt) and mentally. With the rapid development and improvement in food product, nutrition, pharmacy and communication, has influenced the behavior and life style, including eating habit in adolescent. One of it is the consumption of supplements to improve the quality of adolescent's dietarry. This research aim to see proportion of sex, nutrient knowledge, nutrient status, physical activity, body image, parents's education, parents's occupation, parents's food supplements consumption, and related with adolescent's food supplements consumption in SMA Islam Al-Azhar 3 Jakarta Selatan.This research use the cross sectional method. Research population are, all adolescent of I class and II class which fulfill of criteria and amount to 173 person. The result showed 62,4% of adolescent consumes food supplements. As a result from bivariat analysis known that nutrient knowledge and parents's food supplements consumption have a meaning correlation with adolescent's food supplements consumption. While of sex, nutrient status, physical activity, body image, parents's education and parents's occupation showing meaningless correlation with adolescent's food supplements consumption. Base on result of these researches so it is suggested to parents and school side to give nutrition knowledge for adolescent. We also suggested adolescent consumes health menu better than food supplements to fulfill daily food intake.