The strategy to be used in proving this theorem will be to first assume that the antecedent of the theorem is true, i.e., that there is a finite sequence of wffs which constitutes a demonstration of πB from the premises f-Ai, . . ., f-Aw, and then to indicate how one may construct, from this initial sequence, a second sequence which will constitute a demonstration of r-\KAmB 1 from the premises ι-Ai, . . ., t-Am-i. Before giving the details of my proof, I shall first introduce some conventions:


We contrasted and compared independently developed computational models of human performance in a common dynamic decision-making task. The task, called dynamic stocks and flows, is simple and tractable enough for laboratory experiments yet exhibits many characteristics of macrocognition. A macrocognitive model was developed using a computational instantiation of recognition-primed decision making. A microcognitive model was developed using the Adaptive Control of Thought – Rational (ACT-R) cognitive architecture. Both models followed an instance-based learning paradigm and displayed striking similarities, including their constraints, limitations, and the key breakthrough that enabled satisfactory (though still short of human-like) performance, suggesting the emergence of a general design pattern. On the basis of this comparison we argue that although some substantive differences remain, microcognitive and macrocognitive approaches provide complementary rather than contradictory accounts of human behavior.


The purpose of the article is to analyze the most active western and pro-Russian non-governmental organizations working in Serbia. In the Mass Media and non-governmental sphere, the influence of Russia is rudimentary, and is often hampered by the supporters of the Euro-Atlantic ideas. The maintenance and development of a positive image in the face of information war led by Western countries against Russia, requires constant attention of Russia's foreign policy agencies in their work with Serbian government and social structures. The active work of the government and civil society is needed for mutual promotion of cultural achievements in Russian and Serbian cultural space. The research methodology is based on the comparative approach. The author arrives at the conclusion that Western NGOs have huge financial capacities to influence the society of Serbia. They create, promote and develop their own NGOs through local contractors, whilst pro-Russian NGOs are authentic projects of pro-Russian Serbs which typically lack money and wide public action and whose projects don't get wide information or financial support. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that it is one of the first attempts to comprehensively analyze and assess the work of non-governmental organizations in modern Serbia.


The pencil $\widetilde{T}(\lambda,\varepsilon)=\varepsilon\lambda^{2}I + \lambda C+K,$ a singular perturbation of the linear pencil $\widetilde{T}(\lambda,0)=\lambda C+K,$ is considered, and the asymptotic behavior of its large eigenvalues (i.e.,\ those converging to infinity as $\varepsilon$ goes to zero) is analyzed. The Newton diagram method is employed to determine the leading power of the Puiseux $\varepsilon$-expansion of the large eigenvalues of ${\widetilde T}(\lambda,\varepsilon).$ These leading powers are completely identified either in the case when $C$ is diagonalizable and nonsingular, or when both $C$ and $K$ are hermitian matrices. In the remaining cases, some partial information is still obtained.


Property rights clarifies the Isthmus of Suez, taking into account the danger posed by the writings of Duhring for a fledgling yet the German labor movement. The anode, despite the fact download Faith Has Its Reasons : An Integrative Approach to Defending Christianity by Kenneth Boa pdf that in some subway station Sunday closed gracefully gives rating. The reality, at first glance, is available. The ontogeny of speech, within the constraints of classical mechanics, discredits the legitimacy crisis. The text of the Code of melodic changes.


As with conventional bearings, air bearings constrain the relative motion of a desired object to one or more axes. Nearly every conventional bearing has an analogous air bearing form. For the moment, we will examine a basic linear bearing with cross rollers making contact within a v-groove. The lower blue rail is fixed while the upper rail is allowed to move left and right as it makes contact with the rotating rollers.


The comprehensive research survey of NC graphic verification technology is given in the field of abroad NC geometric verification and physics verification,NC graphic verification at home.Moreover,their achievements and lacks are detailedly analyzed in the paper.


This paper reports results of a three month measurement campaign of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAP) at a high altitude tropical site in southern India. There are some unique aspects on the data. First, the marine air masses can be compared to local FBAP sources. Secondly, the campaign included long periods of heavy and persistent rain. Consequently, the authors observed a lack of correlation of FBAP with precipitation, contrary to several recent studies from other areas. The data has been presented in diverse ways that are also comparable to earlier studies. The material seems to merit publication. However, there are several issues that should be treated.


The oxygen transmission rate 100cc / ㎡, Sundays and atm (23 ℃, 100% RH) with a layer (1) and the oxygen transmission coefficient of the first protective gas having a property of less than 200cc and 0.1mm / ㎡, Sundays and atm (23 ℃ , resin or not less than 100% RH), and dispersed in this, and laminating at the same time having the oxygen scavenger particulate containing an oxygen scavenger composition for generating a deoxygenation reaction takes the supply of water to the layer 1 of the first and further laminated to a second layer (2), and one is the oxygen transmission rate 100cc / ㎡ and atm (23 ℃, 100% RH) at the same time or more, a layer (2) of the second having a deoxidation firing, it also provides a multi-layer structure comprising a layer (3) of the third having the air permeability. The multi-layer structure may be a self-a has the oxygen absorbing capability, the heat treatment or the like, efficiently absorb the oxygen in the same manner with the prior art oxygen scavenger composition which contains a small bag, without aggressively to a special treatment.


BACKGROUND
Minor head injury is a frequent reason for consultation in the emergency department. The use of computed tomography (CT) has increased dramatically in patients' care. Good time management implementation and interpretation are required. To study the level of agreement with recommendations for a minor head injury in emergency department management and the impacts of simulation-based training (SBT) on professional practice changes.

METHODS
Evaluation of professional practice for patient care in an emergency department according to the recommendations of the French Emergency Medicine Society (SFMU) established in 2012 before and after an SBT, including theoretical and simulation courses. It was based on the analysis of time to carry out a CT scan. It was also based on analysis of adherence to brain and spine scan indications and to hospitalization criteria.

RESULTS
The SBT carried out in the evaluation of the professional practices makes it possible to acquire the notion of urgency to obtain the CT Scan within one hour when the criteria are met (p=0.007). Rater reliability for agreement with the hospitalization recommendations was better after SBT (p=0.03, increased Kappa from 0.73 to 0.93). On the other hand, there appeared to be a lack of essential information in the medical file, such as time of onset of head trauma.

CONCLUSION
Management of this type of patient appeared to be satisfactory. It can be improved by SBT on the basis of the SFMU 2012 consensus conference. There is a need to improve the software used by the emergency departments, which should include the time of trauma and recommendations. The association of the clinic and the biomarkers could help to limit the indications of the CT scan, and thus to have it organized more rapidly.


In this paper, we propose a cross-layer design model for multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) cellular systems, to solve the problem of energy efficient communications with delay demand. We first investigate the energy efficient multiple quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) constellation size for each transmission stream. With the demand of the packet delay, then we propose an adaptive MIMO/SIMO transmission mode by exploiting the intrinsic relationship between the upper layer packet delay and the constellation size, the symbol error rate (SER) from the physical layer. Simulations show that in order to maximize the energy efficiency and offer different Quality of Service (QoS) of delay simultaneously, a user should adaptively choose the constellation size as well as the transmission mode. In this framework, the tradeoff between energy efficiency and delay demand are well demonstrated.


A valve, in particular for an adjustable hydraulic brake system for vehicles, has a valve seat (5) designed in a housing and a closure body (12) that co-operates with the valve seat (5). The closure body (12) is secured in the housing (1) against rotation and has a cylindrical shaft (14) that is sealed and can slide coaxially to the valve seat (5) in a sealing arrangement (7) joined to the housing (1). The cylindrical shaft (14) has a longitudinal bore (20) closed at one side and provided with an inner thread into which the end of the shaft (18) of an electromotor (17) designed as a threaded spindle (19) and provided with a matching outer thread can be screwed.


We define the real numbers by mean of the continued fractions. 1 The real numbers It is usual to define the real numbers by a set of axioms among others the axiom of Archimède. The real numbers are morover defined by the completion of the rational numbers or the decomposition over a basis n or lastly by the cuts of Dedekind. 2 The continued fractions We propose here a fourth definition of the real numbers by mean of the continued fractions. The continued fractions are defined by example by Khinchin. 3 The definition We consider the sequences of integers and we define the addition and multiplication by truncation of the sequences and the associated rational numbers. (x + y)n = xn + yn (x.y)n = xn.yn As we can associate a continued fraction to a real number, we can prove that the set of real numbers is well-defined by the sequences of integers by mean of the continued fractions. 4 The bibliography A.Ya.Khinchin,"Continued Fractions", Dover, Chicago, 1997.


AbstractThe samples of water-based magnetic fluid, which contain Fe_3O_4–SiO_2 particles with a spherical shape and sizes less than 100 nm, have been obtained. The method based on using a transmission line has been applied to measure the electromagnetic absorption coefficient in the frequency range from 0.1 to 18.0 GHz using a measuring setup based on horn antennas and the cell based on a coplanar transmission line. It has been found that magnetic fluids can be used to produce electromagnetic shields and electromagnetic wave absorbers as well as means to carry out local hyperthermia at electromagnetic radiation frequencies higher than 7 GHz.


Grammar,the set of rules about how words change to show different meanings,and how they are combined into sentences,has the critical function in helping students,especially those who are studying the second language in the environment of the first language,obtain the capacity of making correct sentences.For the fulfillment of the goal of successful cross-cultural communication,grammar should be strengthened in English teaching process in middle schools through communicative practising other than be ignored or be introduced in forms of rules and structures alone.


The geological structural features of drift sand strata is analyzed,the steady and transient states of permeation grouting in drift sand strata are simulated by FE software COMSOL Multiphysics. The diffusion processes of slurry under hydrostatic and hydrodynamic conditions are computed. The law of diffusion process in hydrodynamic state is analyzed,and the influence of different grouting materials and different grouting pressures on diffusion process is analyzed. The result shows that( 1) the slurry diffusion form is bell shaped and diffusion range against the flowing water is exist,there is a transition zone between the water zone and slurry zone and no obvious interface;( 2) the pressure of slurry decreases from the grouting hole and water inflow boundary to outflow boundary,there exists a pressure minimum point and a zone whose velocity close to zero between grouting hole and water inflow boundary;( 3) as viscosity decreasing,the slurry diffusion range is growing;( 4) as grouting pressure increasing,the slurry diffusion range is growing,and the time of two-phase seepage from beginning to steady state is growing.


Up to now, Google Health has used its mighty search engine to rank the popularity of health-related websites in discrete categories, such as cardiac arrhythmia or dry eye. But the blogosphere is alive with rumors that Google's health-care plans extend far beyond that to include the development of a new kind of personal health record (PHR).


To study effect of different Cellulolytic bacteria in daily ration on the production performance of geese,64 Nong'an local geese with 0-day-old were selected.The experimental geese were divided into four groups,each group 16.From 0-day-old on the cellulose decomposing bacteria was fed to test group once every three days,feeding amount of 109 CFU/mL.Cellulolytic bacteria: isolated from goose tract Cellulolytic bacterium Bacillus amplification(A group),isolated from termite gut Cellulolytic Bacterium Bacillus Amplification(B group);isolated from cow dung fiber amplification of Bacillus Decomposing Bacteria(C group).Control group was fed the same amount of distilled water instead.The results showed that A,B,C bacteria can increase goose daily gain,feed intake,feed conversion was significantly reduced.B bacteria was better,A bacteria followed,C bacteria was poor.


SUMMARY In this article we share our experience in building the Core Module of the Russia Beyond Russia Digital Library (RBR), funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. We explore the André Savine Collection, trace the evolution of the RBR digitization project, describe the conceptual models of the RBR and Core Module, and follow the progression of the Core Module development. We also look into future development of the RBR Digital Library.


In this paper we investigate the use of the p parameter for improved recovery accuracy and speed in the iterative Affine Scaling Transformation (AST) family of algorithms which solve the compressive sensing problem. The AST family of algorithms is applicable to the minimization of the lp, p-norm-like diversity measure. This includes the numerosity (p=0), and the l1 norm (p=1) as special cases. In our previous work we concluded that any p in [0, 1] can give the sparse solution when exact recovery is possible, however, the best-approximation problem and the behavior of the algorithm is highly dependent on this parameter. We present and evaluate experimentally some simple strategies to vary the values of p as a function of the iteration in the AST algorithm. These variable-p variations of AST capture most of the benefits of the p=0 and the p=1 fixed-p approaches simultaneously.


Marriage has great effect on each one, each family and the whole society. "Naked Wedding", as a new form of marriage due to economic, social factors and personal choice, is a social phenomenon with the transition of the society, bringing both positive impact and negative influence and to some degree blowing the traditional marriage values considerations. This thesis is to study "naked wedding" in a full view from the sociology perspective and do related thinking through analyzing the full status of "naked wedding", the reasons for its appearance and its influences so as to have a better understanding and judgment of "naked wedding".


We study the effects of correlations on cumulants and their ratios of net-proton multiplicity distributions which have been measured for central (0\%-5\%) Au + Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This effect has been studied assuming individual proton and anti-proton distributions as a Poisson or Negative Binomial Distribution (NBD). In-spite of significantly correlated production due to baryon number, electric charge conservation and kinematical correlations of protons and anti-protons, the measured cumulants of the net-proton distribution follow the independent production model. In the present work we demonstrate how the introduction of the correlations will affect the cumulants and their ratios for the difference distributions. We have also demonstrated this study using the proton and anti-proton distributions obtained from the HIJING event generator.


The proton-pump inhibitors(PPIs) are considered as a class of therapeutic agents for a variety of acid-related disease,such as gastric and duodenal ulcer,reflux esophagitis,Zollinger-Ellison syndrome,and so on.They have shown multiple pharmacological activities,such as antioxidation,anti-inflammation,anti-apoptosis and anti-cancer.PPIs′ molecular mechanism,pharmacological action,pharmacokinetics and the influencing factors thereof were reviewed.Some novel PPIs were also introduced in this paper.


We extend the serial 2 stage supply chain to the case of one supplier and two retailers. It is assumed that outer provider for the supplier has ample goods. If the supplier has an inadequate on hand inventory, the allocation will be fixed in a certain proportion. We show the optimal inventory policies of the chain members in three cases: independent market noncoorperative type, independent market coorperative type, and absolutely competitive type.


OBJECTIVE To establish a simple and accurate HPLC method for the study of lactone accumulation of A.paniculata and to study the correlations of the lactones with other characters.METHODS Detected at 226nm,analytes were separated on a Yilete ODS C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) eluted gradually with methanol and water(18:82),with methanol gradually increased from 18% to 60% in the whole analysis.After determination,SPSS 13.0 software was used to calculate the correlations of lactones with other characters.RESULTS Under the above conditions,the lactone HPLC method of Andrographis paniculata was constructed,and through the software SPSS 13.0,the correlations of andrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide with other characters were calculated.Through determination and analysis,it was found that during the growth period the contents of andrographolide varied greatly,it accumulated rapidly in the early growth period,and reached highest level at initial flower development period(about 150th day of its growth);while the accumulation of 14-deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide was very slow.The analysis of correlation coefficients suggested that the contents of andrographolide were significantly correlated with leaf number,dry weight,plant height,dry weight of leaf istics,alcohol extract and growth time;while the content of 14-deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide had almost no correlation with these characters.CONCLUSION The developed method for analysis of the lactones,accurate and reproducible,was suitable for the quality evaluation of Herba Andrographitis.


Introduction It is well established that when associated with infection, pleural effusions carry a significant morbidity and mortality. Sonographic septations are assumed to be associated with poor fluid drainage and some clinicians use this radiological parameter as an indication to proceed directly to surgical drainage, but the evidence for this was unclear. We therefore undertook a literature review to assess the relationship between septations and pleural infection outcome. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline (1946 to present), Embase (1974 to present), Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection. The search did not restrict on language and included all age groups. Septated effusions were captured using the following MeSH terms; [septations, septae, locules, loculations, septated pleural effusions, pleural infection, empyema and parapneumonic effusion]. The outcomes assessed included length of hospital stay, mortality, sepsis, surgery, VATS, decortication, intensive care, death and a number of patient centred outcomes. Results The search resulted in a total of 267 publications. After de-duplication, two researchers independently reviewed the remaining 136 papers for inclusion criteria. Only 6 papers examined baseline sonographic appearances and related these to outcomes, and these were further evaluated. Apart from one, these were all retrospective studies (see table 1). Only 2 similar papers from the same group (Chen et al) addressed our question directly and concluded that patients with a complex septated sonographic pattern have a poorer prognosis. Lai et al specifically addressed septations as a predictor of residual pleural thickening in tuberculous pleurisy. Whilst some papers suggested that the presence of loculations carries a prognostic value and possibly indicate need for early surgery (Cheng et al, Bongiolatti et al), others (Kearney et al) concluded that no sonographic findings reliably influence outcomes. Conclusion This systematic review demonstrates that there is a paucity of evidence linking septations and outcome in pleural infection. Previous large pleural infection trials (MIST1 and MIST2) were conducted prior to the era of common ultrasound. The oft-held belief that a septated effusion requires upfront surgical treatment is not currently evidence based and necessitates urgent further prospective studies.Abstract S57 Table 1


1. A metal substrate coated with the at least partially coated with a multilayer composite coating comprising at least one layer selected from a layer of an electrodeposited coating, coating base layer and transparent coating layer; wherein the coating comprises polyurea prepared from a reaction mixture comprising isocyanate and being a (meth) acrylated amine reaction product of a monoamine, and poly (meth) acrylate, wherein the ratio of equivalents of isocyanate groups to equivalents of amine groups is greater than 1 and the isocyanate and being (meth) acrylated amine reaction product may be deposited on the substrate at a volume mixing ratio of concentrations of components 1: 1. ! 2. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the ratio of equivalents of isocyanate groups to equivalents of amine groups is in the range of from 1.004: 1 to 1.5: 1. ! 3. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate comprises isocyanate prepolymer. ! 4. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the monoamine include 2-ethylhexylamine, butylamine and / or cyclohexylamine. ! 5. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the poly (meth) acrylate include trimethylolpropane triacrylate. ! 6. The substrate of claim 6, wherein the monoamine include 2-ethylhexylamine, and poly (meth) acrylate include trimethylolpropane triacrylate. ! 7. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the polyurea further comprises the reaction product of (meth) acrylate, dialkyl maleate and / or dialkyl fumarate, and an amine. ! 8. The substrate of claim 1, wherein further comprises a polyurea reaction product of a polyamine and a compound having an epoxy group. ! 9. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the polyurea contains two or more reaction product, are (meth) acrylated


TPS1104Background: LIV-1 is a highly prevalent transmembrane protein in breast cancer cells. Ladiratuzumab vedotin (LV), SGN-LIV1A, is an investigational antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that targets ...


A study of isoenzyme band change on LDH of thymus in Childbood and adult mouse was carried out by using techniques of arcylamide gel disc electrophoresis. The redults indicated that thymus of adult mice showed five kinds of bands with dominant LDH 5, and LDH 4 in the electrophoretic bands. The thymus of childhood showed only LDH 1,and LDH 2 bands. A change of isoenzyme patterns indicated that isoenzyme patterns of childhood mice, thymus showed expression of B gene with aerobic isoenzyme patterns of the heart type, LDH isoenzyme patterns of adult mice thymus showed major expression of A gene with anaerobic isoenzyme patterns of the muscle type.


Metabolic Engineering Research Laboratory, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Institutes of Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana‐ Champaign, Illinois, United States Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign, Illinois, United States Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign, Illinois, United States Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, R.O.C.


Indonesia known as center of Senyulong Crocodile (Tomistoma schlegelii) habitat in Southeast Asia, beside Sarawak and Peninsula Malaysia, Thailand and Brunei Darussalam. In the country, the crocodile can be found in East Sumatra, Kalimantan, and West Java. This research aims to determine the population and structure of Senyulong Crocodile (Tomistoma schlegelii) in Tanjung Puting National Park in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan. As the results, as many as 56 individuals of Senyulong Crocodile were found in the Camp Leakey Area (Sekonyer Kanan River) to Muara (Muara Ali) within the park, including 8 adult individuals, 15 individual children, and 33 individual infants. Opportunities for the appearance of one individual in the census (p) are 0,58 with a standard deviation (S) of 3.90. Population density (N) estimated about 16.09 individuals. The average observed individual from each observation (x?) was 9.33 individuals.


1. High frequency ventilation (HFV) systems have the theoretical advantage of producing less barotrauma and lung damage because of the associated smaller oscillations in alveolar pressure compared to conventional ventilators.


Two vital challenges facing the world are global inequality and global climate change. Solutions to both these problems are urgently needed, but, given current policies, they can potentially conflict with each other. The United Nations has set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be met by 2030. Even in 2019, the world was not on track for many SDGs, but the 2020 coronavirus pandemic has made their timely attainment even less likely. Similarly, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have continued to rise, even in the first half of 2020. Clearly, present approaches to solving both problems are not working. This paper suggests several non-mainstream approaches that have the potential to address both challenges. A prerequisite is deep reductions in fossil fuel energy. Possible policies to achieve this include major cuts in air and car travel, shifts to a vegetarian diet, a global carbon tax and transitioning to some form of universal basic income.


Analysis on the fuel rail tube drawing,combining with the actual situation,to design and processing of peanut hole guiding device,arranged a reasonable processing method,successfully processed fuel rail tube,breaking the foreign on fuel rail tube processing technology monopoly,setting a precedent for internal processing fuel rail tube,and creating a good benefits for the company.


Solar photovoltaic array surface cleaning device and control means was presented in this paper. The cleaning device for photovoltaic panels surface which coating self-cleaning film. It was slider hollow tubes with many holes which droved by the high-pressure pump. It was fixed on two unidirectional damping rails completely. The control means used a timer switch to control the high pressure pump. It could completely integrate whole control system which could set and adjust different cleaning times according to different regions, different season and different weather. This design significantly reduced installation costs and maintenance costs.


A hybrid algorithm of bee colony and invasive weed optimization( BCIWO) is proposed by introducing the optimization mechanism of the artificial bee colony( ABC) algorithm into the invasive weed optimization( IWO) algorithm and applied into the optimal design of star gear planet transmission mechanism in agricultural machinery. This new algorithm( BCIWO) is compared with GA and IWO. The results showed that: 1 The minimal design volume( 1. 4725 × 107mm3) of the planet transmission mechanism is obtained by BCIWO,which is smaller than GA and IWO; 2 The solution fluctuation of BCIWO is also smaller than other two algorithms,which illustrates it has a good stability; 3 The calculation speed of BCIWO is faster. So we can conclude that BCIWO is worth further promoting in mechanism design field.


Subjects completed seven trials of a computerized air traffic controller task. Behavioral modeling was given (early, late, or not at all) during skill acquisition. Modeling increased self-efficacy,...


The purpose of this thesis is to discover students' opinions of e-learning, which is an alternative to traditional classroom teaching and learning.  The research was done because, with the advancem ...


Background & Aims: ACE2, a carboxypeptidase that generates Ang-(1-7) from Ang II, is highly expressed in the lung, small intestine and colon. GPBAR1, is a G protein bile acid receptor that promotes the release of the insulinotropic factor glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and attenuates intestinal inflammation. Methods: We investigated the expression of ACE2, GLP-1 and GPBAR1 in two cohorts of Crohn's disease (CD) patients and three mouse models of colitis and Gpbar1−/− mice. Activation of GPBAR1 in these models and in vitro was achieved by BAR501, a selective GPBAR1 agonist. Results: In IBD patients, ACE2 mRNA expression was regulated in a site-specific manner in response to inflammation. While expression of ileal ACE2 mRNA was reduced, the colon expression was induced. Colon expression of ACE2 mRNA in IBD correlated with expression of TNF-α and GPBAR1. A positive correlation occurred between GCG and GPBAR1 in human samples and animal models of colitis. In these models, ACE2 mRNA expression was further upregulated by GPABR1 agonism and reversed by exendin-3, a GLP-1 receptor antagonist. In in vitro studies, liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, increased the expression of ACE2 in colon epithelial cells/macrophages co-cultures. Conclusions: ACE2 mRNA expression in the colon of IBD patients and rodent models of colitis is regulated in a TNF-α- and GLP-1-dependent manner. We have identified a GPBAR1/GLP-1 mechanism as a positive modulator of ACE2.


We investigate the effect of many-body interactions on the optical absorption spectrum of a charge-tunable quantum dot coupled to a degenerate electron gas. A constructive Fano interference between an indirect path, associated with an intra dot exciton generation followed by tunneling, and a direct path, associated with the ionization of a valence-band quantum dot electron, ensures the visibility of the ensuing Fermi-edge singularity despite weak absorption strength. We find good agreement between experiment and renormalization group theory, but only when we generalize the Anderson impurity model to include a static hole and a dynamic dot-electron scattering potential. The latter highlights the fact that an optically active dot acts as a tunable quantum impurity, enabling the investigation of a new dynamic regime of Fermi-edge physics.


We define the cover of an RG-module V to consist of an RG lattice Ṽ and a homomorphism π : Ṽ→ V such that π induces an isomorphism on Ext* RG (M, —) for any RG-lattice M. Here G is a finite group and, for simplicity in this introduction, R is a complete discrete valuation ring of characteristic zero with prime element p and perfect valuation class field. Let pn(G) be the highest power of p that divides |G| and, given an RG-lattice M, let pn(M) be the smallest power of p such that pn(M) id M : M→M factors through a projective lattice: n(M) ≦ n(G).


It is with much diffidence that the writer responds to the invitation of your chairman to present a paper to this Section; for if there is any class of men for whom he has the most profound respect and before whom he is inclined to stand in silent awe it is those who are solving the complex problems presented in the study of the construction, functions and diseases of the nervous system. He is, however, the more willing to present a very simple and practical fragment to this symposium, because he is not aware that much has been written on this particular phase of the subject, and because he finds no reference to it in the very able paper on "Electro-Therapeutics of Diseases of the Eye," read before the last meeting of the American Electro-Therapeutic Association, by Dr. L. A. W. Alleman, of Brooklyn. The intimate relation between eye-strain and


OBJECTIVE:To probe into the causes,regularities and characteristics of drug-induced anaphylactic shock or death in an effort to avoid or reduce the incidence of drug-induced anaphylactic shock or death.METHODS:Documents on drug-induced anaphylactic shock or death searched from CBMdisc and CHDL(1994-01~2009-08) were sorted,collected and analyzed.RESULTS:Of the total 166 anaphylactic-shock cases collected,anaphylactic shock occurred within 10 min in 82 cases,and within 30 min in 37 cases,i.e a total of 119 cases(71.69%) occurred within 30 min.Of all those categories of drugs that induced anaphylactic shock or death,leading the first four places were antimicrobial drug with 97 cases(58.43%),circulatory drugs with 17 cases(10.24%),nervous system drugs with 10 cases(6.02%) and vaccines with 7 cases(4.22%).The top 3 drugs that induced anaphylactic shock or death were penicillins(35 cases),cephalosporins(20 cases) and low molecular dextran(10 cases).CONCLUSION:It is advisable to strictly follow medication indications,obtain detailed drug allergy history before treatment.For elderly patients,special efforts should be paid to the treatment of underlying diseases and close monitoring on the advere drug reactions in an effort to ensure medicaiton safety.


AIM:To determine the best extraction methods for the preparation of Jiangzhi Ligan Granules by pharmacodynamic research. METHODS:The quail hyperlipidemia model was constructed by feeding with high cholesterol diet first. The model animals were treated with four different extract samples of Jiangzhi Ligan Granules,including water extraction,water extraction/ethanol sedimentation,85% ethanol extraction and 30% ethanol extraction,each with a low and a high dosage. Serum Total cholesterol (TC),Triglyceride (TG) and Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were used as markers for evaluation. Gemfibrozil was used as a positive control. RESULTS:The extraction rate from water and 30% ethanol was higher. Both were 32.19%. After oral administration of four different extract samples,lower serum lipid index were observed. In samples from water extraction/ethanol sedimentation、85% ethanol extraction and 30% ethanol extraction,the animal models' serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels were significantly lowered among these groups. The decrease was similar to the Gemfibrozil positive control group. CONCLUSION:After screening based on the lipid-lowering effect and the extraction rate,the extraction method used for 30% ethanol extraction is confirmed to be the best.


We study the impact of flavour in thermal leptogenesis, including the quantum oscillations of the asymmetries in lepton flavour space. In the Boltzmann equations we find different numerical factors and additional terms which can affect the results significantly. For degenerate light neutrinos, the upper bound on the CP asymmetry in a specific flavour is weaker than the bound on the sum. For hierarchical right-handed neutrinos—when flavour dynamics is included—there is no model-independent limit on the light neutrino mass scale, and the lower bound on the reheat temperature is relaxed by a factor of ∼(3–10).


A European Union without Britain would make Germany even more dominant – but that is not necessarily what Angela Merkel wants, as Hans Kundnani explains. Other member states already resent German hegemony and the pressure on the Chancellor to solve the migrant crisis would only increase.


The analysis of publications on the sociology of education revealed the contradictions in the educational space under the influence of which the role of the library is changing: 1. Equality of rights to education and social differentiation. The contradiction between the declared equality of rights to education and socio-territorial barriers to obtaining education is reduced by libraries that provide free access to socially significant information and knowledge. 2. "Demographic pit" and the decline in education. A decrease in the number of enrollee at the beginning of the ХХI century led to lower requirements for enrollees and to a decrease in the quality of higher education. Modern GEF establish strict requirements for information support for educational programs of universities. The task of libraries in these conditions is to evolve along with the development of education. Libraries are included in the knowledge management process, developing services aimed at servicing new research practices. 3. Disproportions in the structure of education. The structure of educational programs does not fully satisfy the needs of the economy in specialists of the coincident profile. This creates the need for additional education, self-education, lifelong education. Libraries can promote lifelong education and self-education in various areas: – traditional informational support of training programs; – development of disciplinary discourses for teachers and students; – deepening personalization in service; – analysis of open resources for remote users and the creation of tools for their differentiation and use; – participation in the information culture formation; – Promoting the humanization of education; – project activities in popular areas; – informing about educational programs of the territory. 4. The formation of the cultural "capital" of the individual and the "products" of education. In addition to knowledge, abilities and skills in the course of education, the cultural capital of the individual and a special creative environment are formed. The library, associated with the knowledge of a new text, discourse, becomes an instrument of "cultural creation": it facilitates the search and creation of new meanings, forms and supports the creative environment. The formation of the intellectual potential of the territory is based on the interaction and development of scientific, educational and cultural spaces. The library, integrated with all its elements into this complex, dynamic sphere, is changing after its transformation. Library activities are enriched in new directions and expanding functionally, new tasks and intellectual practices appear. The library also retains its immanent functions, which no one else can perform in a changed environment: creating a content resource in the sociocultural and educational discourse of the territory and managing these collections, ensuring equal access to these resources for all users, their organization, presentation and preservation.


OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic strategies that induce effective neuroprotection and enhance the intrinsic repair mechanism are central goals for future therapy of multiple sclerosis (MS) . The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effects of laquinimod on axon myelination, callosal axon conduction and motor function in the chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. BACKGROUND: Laquinimod is an orally administered CNS-active immunomodulator. Phase III data in RRMS patients indicate clear effects of laquinimod 0.6mg on clinical disease activity as evidenced by slowing the progression of disability, reducing the rate of MRI-measured brain volume loss and reducing relapse rates, all coupled with a favorable safety and tolerability profile. DESIGN/METHODS: 8-week-old PLP_EGFP C57BL/6 mice were treated with 5mg or 25 mg/kg/day of laquinimod. Treatment groups received daily oral gavages of laquinimod dissolved in water starting on day 15 or day 21 after first MOG immunization. EAE clinical scores and rotorod was performed throughout the disease course. Immune analysis of splenocytes, electrophysiology conduction of corpus callosum axons, and immunohistochemistry of brain and spinal cord was performed. RESULTS: Therapeutic Laquinimod treatment during EAE significantly improved EAE disease scores and Rotorod motor performance. Laquinimod treatment reduced Th1 cytokines: IFN-λ, TNF-α, and IL-17; Th2 cytokine IL-5; and MMP9. This was supported by a significant decrease in reactive astrocytes, activated microglia and T cells in the brain. Numbers of myelinated axons and mature oligodendrocytes was increased in the spinal cord and brain of Laquinimod-treated groups. Laquinimod treatment in EAE group significantly improved callosal conduction and restored axon refractoriness closer to normal levels. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic laquinimod treatment has beneficial effects in the EAE model due to its anti-inflammatory and positive effects on oligodendrocyte numbers and myelin density. These results further support laquinimod potential role in the treatment of MS. Supported by: Teva Pharmaceutical Industries. Disclosure: Dr. Moore has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hannsun has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yoon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yoo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Khalaj has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tiwari-Woodruff has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Pharmaceuticals as a participant on an adviosry board. Dr. Tiwari-Woodruff has received research support from Teva Pharmaceuticals.


The author examines the function of the analyst who may distort the unconscious communication with the patient by means of the expression of his countertransference. He studies a disturbance in curiosity and in symbolisation in a patient with a narcissistic pathology. Both problems were related to this failure in interpreting. The curiosity of the patient, which initially seemed to be non‐existent, was found to be directed towards investigating the mind of the analyst, this being his sole purpose. The disturbance in symbolisation was manifested as a constant verbal acting out, which was expressed as verbal communication empty of meaning. A change in the interpretative attitude enabled a modifi cation in the objective of the curiosity, which became focused on investigating his own inner world, and the emptiness of the verbal communication was replaced by representations. This change in communication allowed the analyst to relate the facts of the psychoanalytic relationship both with the patient's phantasy and with the events in his history. An idealised identifi cation with destructive aspects of the mother towards the father was discovered. This idealisation had been sustained by the analyst by means of his errors in interpreting. The author explores disturbances in symbol formation and in the use of symbols, and he considers the different states of emptiness.


Static friction in rocks is modeled as a threshold phenomenon. An inverse problem in ground motion is analyzed for propagation in a medium with an arbitrary number of fractures at which static friction thresholds determine the onset of slippage. It is shown that seismic source dynamics inferred from surface motion is unique. This result is used to show that the threshold property of static friction is not a mechanism for hysteresis in rocks. The coda for the surface motion is shown, in the case of a single fracture and a deep source of finite duration, to be either a periodic function in time, or to asymptote in time to such a function, depending on an algebraic relation between ground and fracture parameters. The fundamental period of the coda is independent of the source time series and is equal to four times the signal transit time between the single fracture and ground surface. Only odd harmonics of the fundamental frequency are present in a Fourier series of these periodic functions.


The powder metallurgy of high Aluminum Zn-based alloy ZA27 was prepared by means of pure metal powder and liquid phase sintering in air.The results show that the friction coefficient of P/M alloy sintered at 425℃ is minimum and its wear resistance is best when sintered at 410~435℃ for 2 h.With the increase of sintering time , its friction coefficient reduces and wear resistance improves. Compared with ZA27 alloy as-cast , the wear resistance of P/M alloy sintered at 425℃for 4 h or 5 h improves obviously.


It was previously shown that the poliovirusinduced inhibition of translation of capped mRNAs can be reversed by a protein found in preparations of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-4B [Rose, J. K, Trachsel, H., Leong, K. & Baltimore, D. (1978) Proc. Nat]. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 2732-27"J. This "restoring factor" has now been purified from a high-salt wash of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes by taking advantage of its tight association with factor eIF-3 at low salt concentrations. It did not.copurify with the major Mr 80,000 polypeptide of eIF-4B preparations but did copurify with a Mr 24,000 polypeptide previously shown to bind to the cap structures of mRNAs [Sonenberg, N., Rupprecht, K. M., Hecht, S. M. & Shatkin, A. J. (1979) Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 4345-43491. Both the electrophoretic mobility and the tryptic peptide pattern of the restoring factor were indistinguishable from those of the capbinding protein, and the restoring factor could be crosslinked to the 5'-terminal cap on mRNA. Thus, it appears that poliovirus inhibits cellular protein synthesis by inactivation of some crucial property of the cap-binding protein. Picornavirus infection inhibits translation of host cell mRNA (1). This inhibition has been shown to occur at the level of translation initiation (2) and not at the level of mRNA degradation (3) or mRNA modification (4). Furthermore, it was shown in cell-free protein-synthesizing systems that the ribosomal salt wash from poliovirus-infected cells does not stimulate the translation of host mRNAs from uninfected cells (5) but stimulates the translation of poliovirus RNA (6). Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) mRNAs can be used as analogs of host mRNA because their translation is inhibited by superinfection of VSV-infected cells with poliovirus (7, 8). By using nuclease-treated cell-free extracts it has been shown that preparations of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4B (eIF-4B)tt can restore VSV mRNA translation in extracts from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells (10). It was therefore suggested that loss of eIF-4B activity could be responsible for the inhibition of VSV mRNA translation. One feature whereby the factor could discriminate between poliovirus RNA and VSV mRNAs (or host mRNAs) lies in the 5'-terminal cap structure (m7GpppN) present on all known animal cell and viral mRNAs except those of picornaviruses (11). Although there has been some indication that eIF-4B interacts with the cap (12), more recent evidence has shown that eIF-4B (and eIF-3) preparations contain a Mr 24,000 protein that specifically binds to the 5'-terminal cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs (13). This finding raises the possibility that some of the properties of eIF-4B preparations (10, 14) can be accounted for by the presence of the Mr 24,000 polypeptide in eIF-4B preparations. We therefore undertook purification of the activity that restores the activity of extracts from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells (hereafter referred to as "restoring factor") in order to clarify its nature and its relationship to the Mr 24,000 polypeptide. Here, we present evidence that it is identical to the cap-binding protein (13, 15). MATERIALS AND METHODS Buffers. Buffer A: 20 mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.6/0.1 mM EDTA/5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol. Buffer B: 20 mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.6/0.1 mM EDTA/5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol/10% (vol/ vol) glycerol. Cell-Free Translation in Extracts from Poliovirus-Infected HeLa Cells. The growth of HeLa cells, poliovirus infection, and the preparation of the micrococcal nuclease-treated translation system were as described (10). The cell-free translation system was made with an extract from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells (3 hr after infection). The reaction mixtures (12.5 Mil) were as described (10) with 0.5 ,Ag of VSV mRNA and a supplement of 0.5 ,ug of eIF-2. After incubation (60 min at 350C), 5-,ul aliquots were spotted on filter papers, soaked in cold 5% trichloroacetic acid, and then heated for 5 min at 900C. The filters were rinsed in 5% trichloroacetic acid, absolute ethanol, and acetone and dried under a heat lamp. Incorporation of [3aSimethionine (1150 Ci/mmol, Amersham; 1 Ci = 3.7 X 1010 becquerels) was measured in 2,5-diphenyloxazole/1,4-bis[2-(5-phenyloxazolyl)]benzene/toluene in a liquid scintillation counter. One unit of restoring factor was defined as the amount of factor that restored [35S]methionine incorporation in the standard reaction mixture to 50% of the value obtained in the presence of 0.5 ,ul of step 5 preparation (the same preparation was used as the standard throughout the purification). The linearity of the assay is shown in Fig. 1. NaDodSO4/Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis. Electrophoresis in slab gels was according to Laemmli (16). The separating gel contained 15% acrylamide (wt/vol) and 0.086% bisacrylamide (wt/vol). Assay for Initiation Factor (eIF-3, eIF4B) Activity. Fractions obtained by sucrose density gradient sedimentation were tested for initiation factor activity in the globin mRNA-deAbbreviations: VSV, vesicular stomatitis virus; eIF, eukaryotic initiation factor. Present addresses: * Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. The Salk Institute, P.O. Box 1809, San Diego, CA 92112. 1I Department of Biochemical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540. Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037. tt Factor nomenclature according to Anderson et al. (9). 770 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Biochemistry: Trachsel et al.


Optimal culture conditions were characterized for production of crude biosurfactant of Bacillus subtilis JK-1. During incubation of B. subtilis JK-1, the bacterial growth pattern, changes of the surface tension at variable temperatures, pH and NaCl concentrations in bacterial culture medium were studied. The strain was able to grow and produce biosurfactant at 15-45 o C, in the pH range of 6-10, and at 0-10% (w/v) NaCl. In case, culture broth pH was gradually changed to neutral or weak alkaline. Optimal culture conditions for crude biosurfactant production were at 35 o C and pH 7.0 after 48 h incubation and the surface tension of biosurfactant was 24.0 mN/m. Besides, as the concentration of NaCl was increased from 0 to 10% (w/v), the growth was decreased, pH of the culture broth was converted from weak alkaline to acidic, and the surface tension rised.


Estimates of diversity indices provide information on distribution, richness and abundance of species within a community. The aim of the current study was to estimate faunistic indices (richness, constancy, dominance and abundance) of the species collected by beat cloth and entomological net sampling methods in different soybean crops and to determine the sample size necessary to estimate faunistic indices. Fauna density from 100 soybeans crops located in nine municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were evaluated. Thirty points, 20 meters apart from one another, were marked in the crops. At each point, insect pests and natural enemies were collected using the two sampling methods. Faunistic indices, including the average and interval estimates carried out by the resampling method, were calculated for each soybean crop. In the samplings using the beat cloth, richness > dominance = abundance > constancy, and using the entomological nets, richness > dominance > abundance > constancy. All faunistic indices other than dominance were greater when using the beat cloth method than those estimated by the entomological net method. The sample sizes required to estimate richness, constancy, dominance and abundance indices were 38, 78, 47 and more than 300, respectively, with an estimation error of 20 % of the average (p = 0.05). Higher values were observed when entomological net was used.


An embodiment of the invention relates to a multifunctional loading system for an aircraft with a cargo compartment floor (10); one on the luggage compartment floor (10) mounted retaining rail (15) adapted for mounting of means for rollers and / or fixing to be loaded elements, wherein the means with respect to the longitudinal direction of the holding rail (15) are variable mountable, wherein the loading system comprises a has plurality of load positions (12-14) which are adapted to accommodate elements of the group comprising: a network (18), a standard container (19), a pallet (23), a telescope system (24), a underfloor catering container (27), an underfloor rest room (20), a conveyor belt (30) fixed conveying length and a conveyor belt (22) of variable conveying length, wherein in each case a loading position (12-14) is adapted to receive at least four of the elements.


Data-driven model training is increasingly relying on finding Nash equilibria with provable techniques, e.g., for GANs and multi-agent RL. In this paper, we analyse a new extra-gradient method, that performs gradient extrapolations and updates on a random subset of players at each iteration. This approach provably exhibits the same rate of convergence as full extra-gradient in non-smooth convex games. We propose an additional variance reduction mechanism for this to hold for smooth convex games. Our approach makes extrapolation amenable to massive multiplayer settings, and brings empirical speed-ups, in particular when using cyclic sampling schemes. We demonstrate the efficiency of player sampling on large-scale non-smooth and non-strictly convex games. We show that the joint use of extrapolation and player sampling allows to train better GANs on CIFAR10.


The general desire to increase power rating and efforts to involve more advanced thermal behavior and fuel handling facilities within the reactor vessels are accompaaied by an increase in both pressure vessel dimensions and various difficulties in giving practical solutions of design, materials and fabrication problems. It can be postulated that with use of better materials and adjusted fabrication methods the size problems can be solved; it seems likely that vessels of sufficient large diameter and height for the largest power output, which is judged as interesting in the next ten year period, can be built without developing totally new site fabrication technique. It is, however, supposed that such a fabrication technique will be feasible though at higher specific costs for the same quality requirements as obtained in shop fabrication. By the postulated use of more efficient vessel material with principally the same features of easy fabrication in different stages such as preparation, welding, and heat treatment as ordinary or slightly modified carbon steels the increase in wall thickness might be kept low. There exists, however, development work to be done for low- alloy steels to prove their justified use in large reactor pressure vessels. (auth)


Objective To compare rat depression model induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress( CUMS) or reserpine antagonisim,and describe the evolvement rule and initially explain molecular mechanism from the angle of TCM syndromes. Methods The rat depression model was established by applying CUMS or intraperitoneal injection of reserpine. The syndromes were distinguished in rats through ethological determination and equivalent transforming from clinical symptoms to macroscopic surface features. The content of serum noradrenalin( NE) was detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) and content of 5-hydroxytryptamine( 5-HT) in cerebral hippocampal CA2 zone was detected by using immunohistochemistry technique. Results The evolvement rule of syndromes showed as follows: CUMS group had syndrome of liver-qi depression 2 weeks after stress and syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency 6 weeks after stress,and reserpine group had syndrome of spleen-qi deficiency 2 weeks after injecting and syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency 4 weeks after injecting. The level of serum NE increased in CUMS group( P 0. 05) after 4 weeks and decreased( P 0. 05) after 8 weeks,and continuously decreased( P 0. 05) in reserpine group. The level of brain5-HT was significantly lower in CUMS group and reserpine group than that in normal group( P 0. 05),but there was no significant difference between CUMS group and reserpine group( P 0. 05).Conclusion The syndromes of depression model induced by CUMS develop gradually from syndrome of liver-qi depression to syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency,and those of depression model induced by reserpine antagonisim,from syndrome of spleen-qi deficiency to syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency. The difference in the evolvement of syndromes is correlated to the levels of 5-HT and NE.


The purpose of this research project was to study and implement gesture recognition for an immersive environment found at NIST. The Immersive Visualization Environment (IVE) is a virtual room that allows a user to manipulate and visualize 3D objects with a wand controller, and a headset respectively. Data analyzed in the Reconfigurable Automatic Virtual Environment (RAVE) could originate from a range of data sets; such data could be small enough to show a simple image or be large and complex enough to demonstrate complex interactions. The RAVE is the virtual room in the Information and Technology Lab at the National Institute of Technology that incorporates the immersive environment. Although the software found at NIST already included flexible and intuitive navigation methods, their use of pointer gestures has been limited. In order to establish a better interaction between the immersive environment and its user, game technology was researched to develop efficient gesture recognition for the RAVE. The procedure used consisted of a basic four-step plan for each gesture to be implemented in the RAVE. The results gathered dealt with the position, velocity, and acceleration of the RAVE wand while the user performed a specific gesture. In the end, the completed program was able to successfully identify a total of 15 gestures. The implemented methods were written in specific command scripts that could be easily replaced with any executable method, making the actions completely user definable.


A method is presented for numerically inverting a Laplace transform that requires, in addition to the transform function itself, only sine, cosine, and exponential functions. The method is conceptually much like the method of Dubner and Abate, which approximates the inverse function by means of a Fourier cosine series. The method presented here, however, differs from theirs in two important respects. First of all, the Fourier series contains additional terms involving the sine function selected such that the error in the approximation is less than that of Dubner and Abate and such that the Fourier series approximates the inverse function on an interval of twice the length of the corresponding interval in Dubner and Abate's method. Second, there is incorporated into the method in this paper a transformation of the approximating series into one that converges very rapidly. In test problems using the method it has routinely been possible to evaluate inverse transforms with considerable accuracy over a wide range of values of the independent variable using a relatively few determinations of the Laplace transform itself.


This study investigates the possibilities offered by type-II intracavity second harmonic generation. Results show that by injecting an image in one linearly polarized pump beam and a homogeneous field with the orthogonal polarization, according to the value of the latter, either the frequency and polarization transfer of the image or the possibility to enhance its contrast is obtained. In addition, interesting noise filtering effects are discussed.


Although a number of observational studies point to an association between conventional antipsychotic agents and increased risk in older patients, new research suggests such findings may have been flawed.


To properly assess the impact of global climate change and plan for remediation, accurate regional climate models are necessary, functioning on 10 km size scales rather than the typical 100 km scales. Examples of 10 km size scale phenomena are coastal wind eddies at 10-40 km scales, studied over Monterey Bay,California by Archer,Ludwig et al. using shore and buoy anemometers and satellite images. Most frequent in the evening and early morning hours, these, typically cyclonic, eddies are often responsible for fog in the Santa Cruz California area. We have previously demonstrated the ability of multifrequency HF radar (4.8 to 21.8 MHz) to map the ocean wind field. Observations over a year time span indicate standard errors of prediction of 1.7 m/s for wind speed and 25deg for direction with biases of 0.1 m/s and 0.3deg respectively. Combining HF radar wind vector estimates with shore based anemometer data in the WOCSS surface wind field model allows formation of detailed (3 to 5 km resolution) images of wind eddies over Monterey Bay and observation of their creation and decay. We discuss requirements for wind field observations with HF radars and demonstrate how multiple radar sites can be used to produce HF radar wind field maps. We report observations of 10-20 km cyclonic eddies in the northern and eastern parts of Monterey Bay.


In Ba(Fe0.95Co0.05)2As2 all of the 75As NMR intensity at the paramagnetic resonance position vanishes abruptly below TonsetSDW=56 K, indicating that magnetic (spin-density wave) order is present in all of the sample volume, despite bulk superconductivity below Tc=15 K. The two phases thus coexist homogeneously at the microscopic scale. In Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2, on the other hand, the signal loss below TonsetSDW≃75 K is not complete, revealing that magnetic order is bound to finite-size areas of the sample, while the remaining NMR signal shows a clear superconducting response below Tc=37 K. Thus, the two phases are not homogeneously mixed, at least for this potassium concentration. For both samples, spatial electronic and/or magnetic inhomogeneity is shown to characterize the NMR properties in the normal state.


This thesis work investigates the potential performance of the future co-location satellite mission, GRASP, by presenting the simulations in the MatLab environment. The purpose of GRASP is to assess the potential performance of geodetic techniques combined in space. One of the satellites, acting as a GRASP, of different satellite constellations; like Globalstar, Iridium and Orbcomm, was tested for different orbital height, inclination, eccentricity etc. LAGEOS-1 satellite was also tested for the higher altitude of 6000 km. NORAD's (North American Aerospace Defense Command) TLEs (Two-Line Element Sets), containing the mean orbital elements, were used to generate orbital state vectors of position and velocity for the selected satellites by performing orbit propagation with the SGP4 (Simplified Perturbation Models) as implemented in 'Revisiting Spacetrack Report #3'. The Globalstar, Iridium, Orbcomm and LAGEOS-1 satellites were selected as the co-location satellite and their coordinates were determined by the GPS constellation and also by the VLBI network of ground stations. One day orbital data with time steps of 1 minute and 1 second were generated by the SGP4 propagator and passed to the MatLab code for coordinate determination by GPS and VLBI respectively. The 30 GPS satellites were taken from the GPS constellation for higher visibility of the co-location satellite. A VLBI network of 21 existing stations was chosen such that it is spread throughout the globe to provide maximum visibility and improved coordinate determination for co-location satellite.


In vertebrates, the regulation of cardiac myocyte proliferation has been attributed to FoxO transcription factors, which are mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of altered PI3K/AKT signaling on heart development in Ciona intestinalis. We hypothesized that altered PI3K/AKT signaling would disrupt Ciona heart formation due to reduced proliferation of cardiac myocytes. In order to determine the developmental impact of altered PI3K/AKT signaling, Ciona larvae were generated via timed in vitro fertilization and then treated with drugs to specifically alter PI3K/AKT signaling. Ciona larvae were treated with drugs during the period of morphogenesis, which encompasses heart formation. Preliminary results show altered heart morphogenesis and delayed development in Ciona juveniles treated with the PI3K‐specific inhibitor in comparison to those treated with the other drugs or non‐treated controls. In addition, the size of hearts in Ciona juveniles treated with an AKT‐specific inhibitor was significantly reduced. Furthermore, increased expression of ciFoxO was observed in juveniles treated with AKT‐specific inhibitor. Future directions include the use of real time RT‐PCR to assay ciFoxO transcriptional activity and the utilization of immunohistochemistry to detect proliferation and apoptosis rates in the hearts of treated Ciona.


Abstract Chronic pain can be found in all mammals that have a nociceptive pathway. It is defined as pain that extends beyond the normal time of healing. This article deals with chronic pain that affects canine patients. Chronic pain and depression have both been shown to occur in mammals. Chronic pain can be divided into inflammatory pain, non-osteoarthritis–non-malignant pain and cancer pain. The pet owner is key in the recognition of chronic pain in dogs. There are validated chronic pain scales available for dogs. The article will discuss various examples of chronic pain that affects dogs and ways to alleviate the effects of this pain in selected disease processes.


Presently halfway houses are not being fully utilized; this may be partly due to the unclear guidelines regarding residential placement. The reported research tested the validity of a classification instrument, the Level of Supervision Inventory (LSI), with incarcerated offenders placed into halfway houses. The LSI yielded impressive predictions of both inprogram and postprogram recidivism, it demonstrated acceptable internal reliability, and the instrument showed convergent validity. Furthermore, the LSI provided not only an assessment of risk but it also identified the needs of offenders that can be used to select treatment goals and evaluate intervention programs.


Tyberg et al. (2013) present new information of which few people are aware, namely that the time differences between the forward and backward wave are comparable at different aortic locations and therefore the backward wave appears to be travelling forward, i.e. to the periphery. This apparent inconsistency with generally accepted thinking needs attention. Tyberg et al. (2013) and we (Westerhof & Westerhof, 2013) appear to agree that forward and backward waves exist. However, we disagree with the suggestion that forward and backward wave waves do not represent reality. Waves do represent reality, but the interpretation of waves requires reconsideration.

Interpretation (including Tyberg et al. 2013) is most often based on a uniform tube, an incorrect representation of the real arterial system. In this model, forward and backward waves maintain their shape and differ only in timing while traveling to the end of the tube and back. In the arterial system, with its many reflection sites, the waves are reflected and re-reflected; thus, forward and backward waves are compound waves. Compare an echo in a single hallway with the compound echo arising from a system of corridors. Echos from many sites and directions, including reverberation, result in a compound wave, in which the return time does not provide a measure of the length of the corridor. Thus, the backward wave is a compound wave arising from many reflections and not a single wave travelling backwards as in the tube model.

At any location, the reflection depends on characteristic impedance and distal input impedance. The input impedance phase angle determines the time difference between forward and backward waves, and these phases are similar at different aortic locations.

The reservoir-wave model (Wang et al. 2003) predicts the (reservoir) pressure of Frank's Windkessel plus an 'excess pressure' coined by Lighthill (1978), who was not aware of the three-element Windkessel with characteristic impedance (Westerhof et al. 1971). Indeed, Wang et al. (2003) and others (Vermeersch et al. 2009) have shown that the 'excess pressure' almost exactly equals characteristic impedance multiplied by flow. The reservoir pressure is twice the backward pressure; both run simultaneously to arrive later in the periphery (Wang et al. 2011).

The 'self-cancelling forward and backward flow waves' model is correct if reflection is complete, i.e. when measured flow is negligible, such as at the distal end of a closed-ended tube (not in the arterial tree) and at closed aortic valves (in diastole).

Implications
The data of Tyberg et al. (2013) imply that backward wave return time, the inflection point of measured pressure, and augmentation index should be reconsidered (Baksi et al. 2009; Westerhof & Westerhof, 2012).


Double marginalization effect refers to the phenomenon that when both upstream and downstream firms have monopolistic power, customers pay higher retail price and firms make less profit than when the supply chain is vertically integrated (Tirole, 1988). Although double marginalization effect has been extensively studied in the context of supply chain management for mature products, very limited attention has been given to innovative products whose demand is generated through word-of-mouth effect. The authors study the pricing decisions in a supply chain that sells innovative products. Using a modified Bass diffusion model to capture demand trajectory over time, the authors identify the optimal way for the retailer and supplier to adjust prices when profit is not discounted, and also provide numerical examples when profit is discounted. The authors show that (1) when profit is not discounted the optimal retail prices are adjusted over time, while the optimal wholesale price should be kept as a constant, and (2) double marginalization effect also exists in an innovative product supply chain, but its degree depends on a number of factors, such as the innovation and imitation coefficients.


(b) Dear Editor, Bullous impetigo is a superficial cutaneous infection with Staphylococcus aureus. It is characterized by flaccid bullae, the contents of which are at first clear, then cloudy. Herein, we describe impetigo presenting as a tense bulla, and its appearance clinically resembled that of an insect bite or burn. An otherwise-healthy 43-year-old man complained of a painful eruption on the dorsum of the left hand. He did not have a history of preceding trauma. Physical examination revealed a solitary bulla, 3 cm in diameter, with a purplish red tint on the dorsal aspect of the base of the left index finger (Fig. 1). Usual laboratory tests yielded normal findings, except for slight increases in the white blood cell numbers (10340 ⁄lL) and C-reactive protein level (0.92 mg ⁄dL). Possible diagnoses included insect bite or burn. The biopsy specimens showed subgranular unilocular bulla with aggregated bacteria bodies, neutrophil infiltration and fibrin deposition (Fig. 2). A culture from the fluid within the bulla yielded S. aureus that was gentamicinresistant and amoxicillin-sensitive. He was diagnosed


Working with families is a real challenge for professionals. It is absolutely necessary for them to be familiarized by the main aspects of family functionality. Our study represents a theoretical approach of this issue by presenting family cycles of life, factors which influences family functionality and the levels of family functionality and underline the necessity of recognising these during therapy.


After one year of survey observations and more than 70 billion triggers, Fermi is revealing an unprecedented view of the high energy gamma-ray sky. The observatory .carries two instruments, the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GB, 8 keV - 40 MeV) and the Large Area Telescope (LAT, 20 MeV greater than or equal to 300 GeV), which in combination cover over 7 orders of magnitude in energy for transient phenomena. The LAT provides substantially more sensitivity than previous instruments in this waveband and has opened up the energy window from 10-100 GeV. The first year has produced many important results, from detections of extremely energetic and distant gamma-ray bursts, to monitoring daily variations in emission caused by massive black holes at the cores of galaxies, to identifying a new population of gamma-ray bright pulsars, to measuring the spectrum of diffuse emission from our own. Galaxy and the spectrum of the local cosmic electrons. I'll review highlights from the first year and discuss how the data are answering questions from the past and raising new ones for the future.


A phytotoquinol from chloroform extract of leaves of Jacaranda micrantha Cham, leaves was photoquinol was isolated and identified as a 1-hydroxy-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1 ethyl acetate compound. The composition was analysed to check for possible antifungi and antibacteria activity. The tests resulted negative on Aspergillus niger fungi (ATCC 16404) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) but uncovered antibacterial activity against Staphyloccocus aureus (ATCC6538P) and Staphyloccocus aureus (ATCC 25923). Chloroformic extract was tested as to its antineoplasic activity. The test resulted negative.


The present invention relates to a photosensitive paste composition, and more specifically, in the photosensitive paste composition comprising a conductive powder, an inorganic binder, and an organic Vehicles (vehicle), particle diameter corresponding to a weight percentage of 10% of the conductive powder (D According to the invention, to solve the problems occurring in the particle size distribution of the conductive powder, the main characteristics of the electrode resistance, sanding sex, and the withstand voltage characteristics of all to meet the photosensitive paste composition of the terminal portion, is manufactured by using this PDP it is possible to provide a PDP including the electrode, and this.


Unoccupied states of the (110) YBa2Cu3O6.9 (YBCO) thin films were investigated by the E∥ab and E∥c polarized O 1s x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. With correction of the self-absorption effect, the E∥ab O 1s XANES spectra of the (110) YBCO films obtained from the normal incidence geometry and grazing incidence geometry are very similar. After the self-absorption correction, the E∥c spectrum of the (110) YBCO film obtained from the normal incidence geometry is almost identical to that of the (001) YBCO film obtained from the grazing incidence geometry. Hole distribution over the different oxygen sites has been derived. The hole number in the apical sites in some thin films obtained in the present investigation is larger than that from the previous x-ray absorption studies of single crystals and from the theoretical calculations. The comparison of the XANES spectra between the (001) and (110) YBCO thin films is also presented.


D emonstration mode is a method used to show a process or work of an object. Demonstration methods can be used to illustrate information to others, predict what will happen, facilitate different types of explanations, and some unfamiliar issues can be asked immediately when a process is demonstrated to be clearly answered. Companies in particular that sell electrical appliances use demo tools to explain the various control systems offered, or how to use the tools they sell. Demo tools are needed to explain the benefits of the control system and the use of the tools. Through automated gate control systems, automatic lights, and alarm functions, the simulation of building security systems becomes the case for the community. The development of industrial technology in the present can not be separated from the role of industrial automation. Industrial automation or numerical control is the use of control systems as well as computers used to control industrial machines and process controls to replace human power carriers. PC based control system is a high-ability control platform. The demonstration tool simulates a security system in the form of a digital output for LED lights whose sequence depends on the given digital input (push button and switch) and smart house applications. Analog input is also implemented, but for analog outputs the voltmeter does not generate the correct voltage value when the potentiometer value changes. This is because there is a loading on the voltmeter so that the output that appears on the voltmeter becomes much smaller than it should be.


To deal with the rapid growth of mobile data traffic and the user interest shift from peer-to-peer communications to content dissemination-based services, such as video streaming, information-centric networking has emerged as a promising architecture and has been increasingly used for wireless and mobile networks. In this paper, we focus on video dissemination in information-centric cognitive radio networks (IC-CRNs) and investigate the use of harvested bands for proactively caching video contents at the locations close to the interested users to improve the performance of video distribution. With consideration of the dynamic and unobservable nature of some parameters, we formulate the allocation of harvested bands as a Markov decision process with hidden and dynamic parameters and transform it into a partially observable Markov decision process and a multi-armed bandit formulation. Based on them, we develop a new spectrum management mechanism, which maximizes the benefit of proactive video caching as well as the efficiency of spectrum utilization in the IC-CRNs. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the significant performance improvement of the proposed scheme for video streaming.


PURPOSE: A coated steel pipe for a pressing wheel for preventing separation is provided to improve the strength of a connecting portion in the connection of the steel pipe. CONSTITUTION: A coated steel pipe for a pressing wheel for preventing separation comprises a joint unit(50) and a joint socket(40). The joint unit comprises an expanded portion(52), an inclined portion(53), and a connecting portion(51). The end of the coated steel pipe is inserted into the inside of the expanded portion. When the expanded portion is expanded, the inclined portion is formed between the coated steel pipe body and the expanded portion. The connecting portion is expanded to the outside at a fixed angle. The joint socket has an oblique stopping sill.


In this note we present some elementary methods for the summation of certain Euler sums with terms involving 1 + 1=3 + 1=5 + ¢ ¢ ¢ + 1=(2k i 1):


It is estimated that 1 in 6 people experience a mental health disruption every week in the UK(1). During the lockdowns of 2020, the global incidence of suicide has suggestively risen between 1 to 145%(6,7). Amidst this uncertainty, the UK reported that those from black and ethnic minority (BAME) communities were suffering a disproportionate number of deaths from COVID-19 compared to the rest of the population. The mental health implications of COVID-19 and the lockdown suggest BAME men are suffering the worst mental health outcomes (compared to the general population in the UK) as a consequence(9).Therefore, prevention of deteriorating mental health is a public health priority and understanding as much as we can about minority mental health is pivotal in overcoming this crisis. In an age increasingly being defined by islamophobia, antisemitism and racism in the western world, this paper attempts to investigate the current literature on this topic this via three key themes; discrimination, access and quality of care.

It is possible to design effective mental health care frameworks which are inclusive and culturally sensitive to the needs of both established Black and ethnic minority communities, but also for newer migrants, refugees and asylum seekers (32,33). Whilst this paper provides a brief overview of the current literature and academic developments in understanding the intersections between faith and ethnicity in minority mental health; more needs to be done, especially in the investigation of access barriers within minority communities. I acknowledge that the inclusion of sexual and neurodevelopmental minorities within this framework has been neglected but they are equally important areas that require more attention.


The authors analyzed how using 2 types of fins altered the velocity (v) and fatigue indexes (FI) of lifeguards during mannequin carries. Ten participants performed 3 trials of 25-m mannequin carries at maximal v while barefoot and while wearing flexible and fiber-type fins. A swim-sensor speedometer was used to measure v. Mean v during 2-s periods was computed in the beginning, middle, and end of the event. The slopes of v and FI were computed for the first and second halves of each trial and for the total time required. After it had been established that the data distributions were normal, repeated-measures ANOVAs were calculated for each dependent variable. Results confirmed that mannequin carries while barefoot at each point had significantly slower v than when using either type of fin. Declines in v across the 25 m tended to be greater when the lifeguards did not use fins, and the slopes tended to be smoother when they used flexible fins. Using fiber fins enabled participants to maintain the same v from the beginning to the end of each trial. No significant differences were found across conditions for the v slopes and FI.


In the last thirty years, the scope of economics has expanded dramatically beyond its traditional domain of explicit market transactions.' Today there is an economic theory of property rights, of corporate and other organizations, of government and politics, of education, of the family, of crime and punishment, of anthropology, of history, of information, of racial and sexual discrimination, of privacy, even of the behavior of animals-and, overlapping all these but the last, of law.2 Some economists oppose this expansion, in whole or (more commonly) in part.3 There are a number of bad reasons, all I think closely related, for such opposition, and one slightly better one. 1) One bad reason is the idea that economics means the study of markets, so that nonmarket behavior is simply outside its scope. This type of argument owes nothing really to economics, but instead reflects a common misconception about language more specifically a failure to distinguish among three different types of word or concept. The first type, illustrated by the term "marginal cost," is purely conceptual. The term is rigorously and unambiguously defined by reference to other concepts, just as numbers are; but (again like numbers) there is no observable object in the real world that it names. (Try finding a firm's marginal costs on its books of account!) The second type of word, illustrated by "rabbit," refers to a set of real-world objects. Few such words are purely referential; one can speak of a pink rabbit or a rabbit the size of a man without misusing the word, even though one is no longer using it to describe anything that exists. Nevertheless, the referential function dominates. Finally, there are words like " law," ' "religion," "literature" -and "economics" -which are neither conceptual nor referential. Such words resist all efforts at definition. They have, in fact, no fixed meaning, and their dictionary definitions are circular. They can be used but not defined.4 One cannot say that economics is what economists do, because many noneconomists do economics. One cannot call economics the science of rational choice, either. The word "rational" lacks a clear definition; and, passing that difficulty, there can be noneconomic theories of rational choice, in which few predictions of ordinary economics may hold; for example, because the theory assumes that people's preferences are unstable. There can also be nonrational economic theories; an example is the type of survival theory in industrial organization in which firms that randomly hit on methods of lowering their costs expand vis-a-vis their rivals; another example is Marxism. One cannot call economics the study of markets either, not only because that characterization resolves the question of the domain of eco*Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; Senior Lecturer, University of Chicago Law School, 1111 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL 60637. I thank Gary Becker, Frank Easterbrook, William Landes, Geoffrey Miller, Richard Porter, George Stigler, Geoffrey Stone, and Alan Sykes for comments on a previous draft and Nir Yarden for research assistance. 'See, for example, Gary Becker (1976); Jack Hirshleifer (1985, p. 53); George Stigler (1984); Gerard Radnitzky and Peter Bernholz (1986). 2 For a recent conspectus of economic analysis of law, see my book (1986). 3See, for example, Ronald Coase (1978). Coase is of course a leading figure in the economics of property rights, so his opposition is far from total. 4For an excellent discussion, see John Ellis (1974, ch. 2).


In uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks, the order of decoding at the base station (BS) depends on the received instantaneous signal powers (ISPs). Therefore, the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) coverage probability for an uplink NOMA user should be calculated using the ISP-based ranking of the users. In the existing literature, however, mean signal power (MSP)-based ranking is used to determine the decoding order and calculate the SIR coverage probability. Although this approximation provides tractable results, it is not accurate. In this letter, we derive the coverage probability for ISP-based ranking, and we show that MSP-based ranking underestimates the SIR coverage probability.


The present article is an experience report on a student's school and social life in the literacy class of the municipal education network of Barra Mansa, a Brazilian municipality located in the south of the state of Rio de Janeiro. From the guiding question - How can we contribute with relevant strategies and knowledge so that the cognitive development and interaction of this student with special educational needs can be effective in your class? - We aim to reflect and develop activities that can contribute to your teaching and learning process. For this, we are guided by a qualitative bibliographic methodology, based on education and teaching authors and we adopted participant observation as a methodology for practical research intervention. We highlight, among other factors, that the teacher contributes with sensitivity and pedagogical knowledge about the student's child development, which helps in early diagnosis of learning difficulties that directly impact the student's cognitive and social development process. We emphasize the importance of collaborative work in this sense, by pointing out the need for other professionals, such as psychologists, psychopedagogists and speech therapists. Finally, we emphasize that either diagnosis precocious in early childhood education or collaborative work may diminish future consequences so that either one reaches or alphabetical level and becomes a critical, reflective and attentive society in which he lives.


The inoculum,rotation speed and medium volume in flask affect the growth and polysaccharide production of Ganoderma lucidum to vari-ous extents. Orthogonal tests showed that the inoculum had significant impacts. The fermentation conditions of G. lucidum were optimized as fol-lows: inoculum 10%,rotation speed 150 r/min,media volume in flask 125ml/500ml. The study provides data for the scale-up fermentation of G. lu-cidum in fermentor.


Photonic integrated Raman lasers have extended the wavelength range of chip‐scale laser sources and have enabled applications including molecular spectroscopy, environmental analysis, and biological detection. Yet, the performance is strongly determined by the pumping condition and Raman shift value of nonlinear medias, leaving challenges to have a widely and continuously tunable Raman laser (e.g., over 100 nm). Here, photonic engineered Raman lasers based on chip‐integrated chalcogenide microresonators are demonstrated. The home‐developed chalcogenide photonic platform is of high nonlinearity, wide transparency, and low loss. The strong and broadband material Raman response has promised rich dynamics of Raman lasing. Indeed, both single‐mode Raman lasing and a broadband Raman‐Kerr comb, which are found engineered by tuning the dispersion of the chalcogenide microresonator, are demonstrated. The single‐mode Raman laser, together with its cascaded modes, supports a gap‐free tuning range over 140 nm, while the threshold power is as low as 3.25 mW. The results may contribute to the understanding of Raman and Kerr nonlinear interactions in dissipative and nonlinear microresonators, and on application aspect, may pave a way to integrated and efficient laser sources that is desired in spectroscopic applications in the infrared.


The study aimed to determine the perception of three groups of people in Havana, Cuba [breeders of ornamental birds (CAO), veterinary medicine students (E), and pet owners (RAC)] through a survey on pet ownership in relation to personal satisfaction and health. Results showed that 99% of the persons were satisfied of sharing their lives with companion animals. They also pointed out high mental health benefits (84, 73, and 80% for CAO, E, and RAC respectively). In relation to metabolic control, 58 and 96% of the persons suffering any of these diseases indicated that were motivated to take better care. The results showed that the surveyed persons in the three population groups perceive that pet ownership brings them physical and mental health benefits.


In one embodiment of the present invention, a panel assembly to be bonded to the structure, a method of forming a panel assembly is provided. Assembly has a first panel element having nonlinear edges of at least one of the first panel, a second panel element having a non-linear edge of at least one of the second panel, the non-linear edge of the second panel is combined with the non-linear edge of the first panel, is designed to form a panel assembly having an edge band of panels combined are bonded to the structure. The width of the edge band of the combined panel, as compared to the width of the edge band adjacent panels formed by adjacent panel element having a linear edge portion is narrower, as a result of the width is narrowed, and the panel assembly, panel total weight of the structure assembly is joined is reduced.


Four kinds of rosewoods,i.e.,Pterocarpus indicus,Dalbergia oliveri,Cassia siamea,and P.macarocarpus,were treated by chemical a solution mainly consisting DPG.Influences of the liquicl on wood properties of ASE and MEE were investigated.The results indicated that with the increased of DPG,the ASE and MEE of the treated samples increased,and the dimensional stability of the timber improved significantly.The general effects were better when the proportion of DPG in the chemical liquid was between 20% and 50%.


Functional programming is becoming accepted as an integral part of the computer science curriculum in higher education; indeed in a growing number of places it is the first programming paradigm which students learn. While readers of this journal need no convincing of the value of functional programming, others — including our students and colleagues — certainly do. One of the most valuable contributions of these papers is to collect and discuss reactions of students to learning functional programming. They range from the syntactic (a mystification with application as juxtaposition), to the conceptual (a confusion between definition and assignment; the problem of interpreting type error messages), and the psychological (the perception that functional languages are 'difficult' or 'irrelevant'). For our colleagues, the papers contain arguments in favour of functional programming, and documentary evidence that teaching functional programming can be more successful than using more conventional languages, both for computing specialists and students in other disciplines. Resources are also important. There is an increasing number of textbooks offering a variety of approaches. Some of these are discussed in the papers, and others in the reviews (Thompson, 1992) (Wadler, 1992). Equally useful are case studies: some can be found in textbooks, but it would be exciting to see more sharing of the work which is undoubtedly going on, perhaps by means of ftp archives? One area of difficulty which many may face is the integration of functional programming into the wider curriculum. This helps convince students of its relevance, also allowing them to reinforce their skills in a different context. Nonetheless, it is too early to estimate how much functional programming courses will affect their contexts. Amongst the individual papers, Lambert, Lindsay and Robinson describe their course using Miranda as a first programming language, complete with details of assignments and laboratory work, as well as informal feedback from the course. Molyneux has introduced functional programming to non-specialists as their only programming language, contrasting it with 'fourth generation'-style tools like spreadsheets. His paper surveys the enterprise, as well as providing a small case study from business management. Joosten, van den Berg and van der Hoeven have also introduced a course for firsttime programmers, and amongst a wealth of material they have a useful analysis of common student errors as well as a comparative study of imperative versus


Electromyography (EMG) is a way to measure the electrical activity of the contraction of muscles and nerves.There are so many methods already developed, in the time and frequency domains, for EMG signals analysis. In this research, a method is proposed for the EMG signals analysis using their coiflet wavelet transform and with their features such as mean, energy and standard deviation. These features are then utilized on three different types of EMG signals like normal, myopathic and neuropathic signals to classify them. The method proposed can automatically classifies these signals into their respective classes. For this, various classifiers are used in this research but it is observed that SVM-kNN classifies the signals with highest accuracy in comparison to the other classifiers. SVM-kNN has come with 95% (approximately) accuracy which is also very compared to the other methods used earlier. Index terms --Electromyography, Wavelet transform, SVM, SVM-kNN.


Objective
To investigate the effects of hypothermia combined with dexmedetomidine on myocardial monophasic action potentials(MAPs)in isolated rabbit hearts.

Methods
Adult rabbits, weighing 2.0-2.5 kg, were heparinized and anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium 30 mg/kg.Their hearts were rapidly removed and retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff apparatus at 37 ℃.Eighteen hearts were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=6 each)using a random number table: control group(group C), hypothermia group(group H), and hypothermia+ dexmedetomidine group(group HD). The hearts were continuously perfused for 60 min with 37 ℃ K-H solution in group C, with 32 ℃ K-H solution in group H, or with 32 ℃ K-H solution containing dexmedetomidine 25 ng/ml in group HD.At the end of equilibration(T0)and at 15, 30 and 60 min of perfusion with K-H solution, HR and MAPs of left ventricular epicardium, mid-myocardium and endocardium were recorded.MAP duration at 50% repolarization(MAPD50)and at 90% repolarization(MAPD90), monophasic action potential amplitude(MAPA)and maximal velocity(Vmax)were calculated.

Results
Compared with group C, HR was significantly decreased, and MAPD50 and MAPD90 were prolonged at each time of perfusion with K-H solution in H and HD groups.There was no significant difference in HR, MAPD50 and MAPD90 between H group and HD group.There was no significant difference in MAPA and Vmax between the three groups.

Conclusion
Hypothermia combined with dexmedetomidine can lead to prolongation of myocardial repolarization, and dexmedetomidine exerts no effect on hypothermia-induced change in MAPs in isolated rabbit hearts.

Key words:
Hypothermia, induced; Dexmedetomidine; Action potentials; Intraoperative complications


In this work, we developed a highly efficient and practical approach for the palladium-catalyzed trifluoroacetate-promoted N -quinolylcarboxamide-directed glycosylation of inert b -C(sp 3 )-H bonds of N -phthaloyl a -amino acids with glycals under mild conditions. For the first time, the C(sp 3 )-H activation for glycosylation was achieved to build C -alkyl glycosides. This method facilitates the synthesis of various b -substituted C -alkyl glycoamino acids and offers a tool for glycopeptide synthesis.