Tactile stimulation of the newborn is a long established, possibly innate practice. As of 2005, international guidelines recommend the stimulation and support of spontaneous breathing after birth.1 Interestingly, considerable variation in tactile stimulation, particularly in preterm infants, has been observed in practice.2 To increase knowledge on the clinical application of tactile stimulation, we conducted a prospective study including preterm infants (<37 weeks gestational age) to observe timing, duration, type and location of stimulation during the first 10 min of life. The relation between tactile stimulation and the timing of the first spontaneous breath was analysed.

From our …


B17 There is growing emphasis on interventions to promote informed decisions about prostate cancer screening (i.e., prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and digital rectal exam (DRE)) among Black men. However, most interventions to date pay little attention to sociocultural variables that may influence screening decisions and intentions. The current study examined four sociocultural variables previously shown to be relevant to healthcare participation in Black populations - medical mistrust, healthcare avoidance, collectivism, and Black identity - and their association with key predictors of health behavior as described by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): attitudes about PSA/DRE tests, subjective norms relevant to prostate cancer screening, perceived behavioral control (PBC) over PSA/DRE tests, and intention to have PSA/DRE tests. Participants were 210 Black men between 40-75 years recruited in New York City. TPB measures included PSA test attitudes (8 items; α=.78), DRE attitudes (8 items; α =.79), and single items assessing norms, PBC, and screening intention. Participants also completed the Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale (12 items;α =.87), the Avoidance of Healthcare Scale (4 items; α =.73), a measure of collectivism, or the extent to which one prioritizes the family or group over the individual (6 items;α =.87), and the Centrality subscale of the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (8 items, α =.73). Potential covariates assessed included demographics, past prostate cancer screening, physician recommendation to screen, and physician explanation of the pros and cons of PSA/DRE tests. Separate multivariate regression analyses were conducted controlling for significant covariates. Results showed that attitudes about PSA test were significantly associated with healthcare avoidance (β= -.12, p


Aspergillus and Penicillium in the Post-genomic Era Genome sequencing has affected studies into the biology of all classes of organisms and this is certainly true for filamentous fungi. The level with which biological systems can be studied since the availability of genomes and postgenomic technologies is beyond what most people could have imagined previously. The fungal genera Aspergillus and Penicillium contain some species that are amongst the most widely used industrial microorganisms and others that are serious pathogens of plants, animals and humans. These genera are also at the forefront of fungal genomics with many genome sequences available and a whole genus genome sequencing project in progress for Aspergillus.


Multiple Intelligences (MI) theory is based on a totally different view of intelligence in which in addition to verbal/linguistic and logical/mathematical intelligences, other types of intelligences are emphasized. According to this theory, all humans possess at least eight different intelligences that are proportionately different from individual to individual. Accordingly, in order to encourage language learning through a variety of tasks in which the individuals' interests and strengths are considered, this paper reports a number of reasons why teachers respond positively to MI theory. Subsequently, the goals of MI-based programs together with approaches and activities are discussed to show how MI theory applies to English language teaching.


In the introduction to their 2019 edited collection Antiquities Beyond Humanism, E. Bianchi, S. Brill and B. Holmes suggest that, contrary to popular assumption, 'antiquity gives rise not only to a humanist tradition but also to lines of thought that are better understood as non-humanist' (p. 1). Classical texts 'reveal themselves as teeming with competing narratives' (p. 2), in contrast to the clean outlines of the classical ideal put forward by Renaissance humanists. Several such collections have attempted to unpack this assertion, and from different geographical locations and schools of thought. Antiquities Beyond Humanism emerged from a North American conference. With more than 30 wide-ranging chapters and a continental, European academic context, Classical Literature and Posthumanism is a welcome addition to this project. The book is divided into six broad sections: a series of general theoretical introductions and frameworks, four themed sections that each consider a different facet of the posthuman embodiment, and a critical conclusion or 'Schlußwort' by S. Goldhill (p. 331). The theoretical introductions address animal studies, monster studies, cyborg feminism and the study of posthumanism, through the works of Aristotle, Michel Foucault, Donna Haraway, and Gunter Anders and Gilbert Simondon respectively. Though all provide quite basic, traditional discussions of these frameworks, they offer uninitiated readers a helpful preface to the following chapters, where all but Anders and Simondon make frequent reappearances. Each of the four following sections also loosely corresponds to one of these theoretical frameworks – a helpful structural choice for those looking to use this collection for teaching at an undergraduate or postgraduate level. Most of these chapters are fairly standard in terms of what one might expect to see in an edited collection on posthumanism, and for this reason many readers will again find the volume helpful from a teaching perspective. Part 1 considers 'De/Humanization and Animals' and includes chapters on non-human subjectivity, the animalisation of the human subject and the 'animality' of warfare. 'The Monstrous' forms the focus of Part 2. This is likely the theme that has already seen the largest body of dedicated research within Classics, and it is also the most eclectic section, with chapters on illness and disability, regression and (d)evolution, and 'The Monstrosity of Cato in Lucan's Civil War 9' (J. McNamara). Many of the chapters in this section also share the previous section's interest in animal studies, including A. Kachuck's chapter on elephants and 'humane monsters' and M. Gerolemou's chapter on Aristophanes' Birds. Given the messy enterprise of posthumanist research and the variety of approaches often brought together in its methods, it is perhaps unsurprising that many of the most successful chapters can be found in Part 3, 'Bodies and Entanglements'. In this section fresh and current debates in the field of critical posthumanism are most clearly articulated. A. Dressler's chapter on Seneca is the first chapter to really reflect on the conflicting branches of posthumanist thought and their wildly varying implications for reading classical literature, and V. Burrus's analysis of 'Hagiography without Humans' builds beautifully around G. Deleuze and F. Guattari's work on 'becoming-animal' (p. 241). In Part 4, 'Objects, Machines and Robotic Devices', there are also several contributions that manage to both read classical literature through a posthumanist lens and articulate what the benefits of such a reading might be for the discipline of contemporary Classics. G. Liveley's THE CLASSICAL REVIEW 213


Objective To analyze the galactographic features in nipple discharge diseases and to correlate with the pathologic findings,in order to improve the diagnosis accuracy of nipple discharge Diseases. Methods A retrospective study was performed to analyze the galactographic features and pathologic findings in 105 cases of nipple discharge diseases, including 12 cases of breast cancer (10.47%), 38 cases of intraductal papilloma (36.19%), 43 cases of duct dilatation (40.95%), and 12 cases of breast Cystic hyperplasia (11.43%). Results Eleven cases of breast cancer, 35 cases of intraductal papilloma, 41 cases of duct dilatation and 12 cases of breast cystic hyperplasia were diagnosed correctly by galactography. The characteristic imaging features of breast cancer in galactography included duct filling defect,duct invasion, "pool-like" signs, ductal distortion, adnormal duct with numerous micro-calcifications and papillomatosis with duct invasion. The characteristic image feature of solitary intraductal papilloma were sim filling defect in main duct with glabrate borderline,while of multiple intraductal papillomas were numerous small filling defect in branch ducts. The characteristics of duct dilatation covered various degress dilataton in main and all branch ducts, or with ductal distortion and coarse vessel wall. The characteristic image of breast cystic hyperplasia included sacks due to abvious dilatation of small dusts in breast cysts, and numerous small sacks due to dilatation of small dusts and ending dusts in blunt ductal adenosis. Conclusion Galactography praides a safe and highly effective procedure in the diagnosis of nipple discharge dseases.


The widespread diffusion of distributed and cloud storage solutions has changed dramatically the way users, system designers, and service providers manage their data. Outsourcing data on remote storage provides indeed many advantages in terms of both capital and operational costs. To provide solutions for the above pollution attack and user data breach, we propose an early pollution detection algorithm able to spot the presence of an attack while fetching the dat from cloud storage during the normal disk reading operations. Thus each fragment is check for malicious content and passed over to the server for processing. The alarm triggers a procedure that locates the polluting nodes in early stage of processing to the intrusion. Also to detect the polluted content hashing methods are used. In this way, after network peers receive the transmitted data, hash value is calculated by hash functions and then the result is compared with the received hash value from t content distribution network (CDN) servers to determine whether the transmitted data is polluted or not. I proposed system to addresses in preserving user data confidentiality and integrity after outsourcing. For this concern, we present our design for cloud storage encryption scheme that enables cloud storage providers to create convincing fake secrets to protect user privacy.


Since 1949,Chinese agricultural information service has experienced four stages such as statistic information,agriculture product information,and food safety information.Now,the 5th stage for new rural construction information service is coming.Today,the target is new rural construction,and the main tasks are to develop service mode,expleit resource,provide service and use advanced technology to solve the problem of "last one kilometer".


Biology provides us with a unique set of self-assembled fibrillar networks in the form of amyloid fibrils, derived from the self-assembly of a number of peptides or misfolded proteins. These, in turn, are associated with a number of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt−Jakob disease (CJD), and type II diabetes. Recently, generating such supramolecular peptidic structures in vitro has led to a class of novel materials. In this multidistance scale, multidisciplinary study, we highlight various regimes whereby fibrils may be engineered by initiating self-assembly through the unfolding of a non-disease- associated globular protein, β-lactoglobulin (Mw ∼ 18 000, 162 residues). In particular, fibrils were generated by traditional thermal methods at pH 2, or, in a novel approach, by incubation in solvent−water mixtures such as water−2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. These treatments lead to fibrils of distinct structure and morphology. Secondary structure analyses of these by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (...


Croton hirtus L'Her.of Euphorbiaceae is reported as a naturalized species from China.Description and illustrations are provided.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of South China Botanical Garden,the Chinese Academy of Sciences(IBSC).


This article outlines some characteristics of institutional spaces for containment and support of children categorized as minor under conditions of poverty, abandonment and social risk, during the first three decades of the twentieth century in Colombia. Through the revision of press articles, a Salvationist project can be evidenced which is included in legal, medical, and pedagogical discourses that define not only corrective/repressive actions —as it has frequently been postulated in the studies on children on that time— but also compassionate/re-educational actions. In the core of this combination the categories associated with childhood are rearranged, among which there is that of "minors" acquiring life in the legislation and in spaces of institutional containment (children courts, correctional homes, agricultural farms).


Objectives. To describe the clinic design, clinical evaluations, and treatment approaches used in a multidisciplinary clinic for management of anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to evaluate several selected clinical outcomes associated with this approach to anemia management.


The perception of complex temporal envelopes has been recently studied using second‐order SAM [Lorenzi et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1030 (2001)]. In these stimuli, the modulation depth of a SAM signal (of rate fm) is sinusoidally amplitude‐modulated at a rate fm′, thereby generating two additional components at fm±fm′ in the modulation spectrum, and a slow beat at fm′ in the temporal envelope. The present study investigates the respective contribution of these two cues to the perception of second‐order SAM. In four normal‐hearing listeners, second‐order SAM detection and rate‐discrimination abilities are measured at a high ''carrier'' (fm=256 Hz), but low beat rates (fm′≤128 Hz), as a function of stimulus duration (250 ms to 2 s). The data are compared to first‐order SAM detection and rate‐discrimination thresholds measured in similar conditions at 1≤fm≤128 Hz. At common modulation rates (fm=fm′), the results show that (i) first‐ and second‐order thresholds increase similarly when stimulus duration de...


An approach to situational awareness formation as a necessary condition for the operation of large network-centric systems is considered. The basis is information acquisition from all system elements according to the "initial data-parameter-event-situation-solution" scheme. The situational awareness model is constructed as a neural network with an ensemble organization and associative-projective structure.  The model is learned using precedent examples.


Objective: The present study was targeted to measure the differences in the levels of depression, anxiety and stress between female and male police officers of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. Research design: Quasi Experimental Design Place of Study: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Sample and Method: The sample included 315 police officers from three districts of the province. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) was administered. It was hypothesized that female police officers would have higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress as compared to male police officers. Results: Female police officers reported "severe" levels of depression, "extremely severe" levels of anxiety and "severe" levels of stress. Male police officers, on the other hand, projected "moderate" levels of depression, "extremely severe" levels of anxiety and "moderate" levels of stress. The difference between male and female police officers for the scores of depression, anxiety and stress was highly significant. Conclusion: The study concluded that female police officers had higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress as compared with male police officers.


As indicated in the Introduction, this special number of Comparative Education is the second part of a three-fold initiative designed to 'stimulate and advance international debate about the changing nature and future of comparative and international studies in education'. In the light of the two related special numbers, we now invite future submissions to Comparative Education (following the standard procedures) that engage with the ideas and issues raised (or not yet raised) and the broader debate itself. In promoting this third phase of the overall project, we would particularly welcome contributions from the widest range of intellectual, cultural and professional perspectives and contexts. This could include comparativists from other Ž elds of study; specialists in various domains of education; writers from cultural contexts that have yet to feature prominently (most notably from the 'south'); perspectives from differing disciplinary or paradigmatic orientations; policy-makers and practitioners; international development agency personnel; adult educators; non-formal specialists; others generally interested in the debate within and beyond the context of education; and writers engaged in innovative modes of teaching and learning and with relevant aspects of the applications of new technologies. Finally, while the focus of most contributions to-date has been upon research and scholarship, the implications for teaching comparative and international studies in education deserve further attention in their own right [see Tikly and Crossley (2001)]. We now look forward to the ongoing discourse in future issues of Comparative Education. Guidelines for potential submissions are given on the inside covers of each issue of the journal.


The Environmental Asscssment Scale (EAS) was designed to measure the socio-ecological environments in psychiatric occupational therapy settings for the purpose of evaluating environment-person interactions in treatment. Two hundred and forty-two patients from 12 clinics participated. Levels of significance for seven of the nine subscales and the total test score ranged from .10 to .01. Test-retest correlations ranged from .59 to .84. The internal consistency correlations within subscales ranged from .45 to .73. The test was moderately correlated with the Ward Atmosphere Scale but did not duplicate it. Within clinics the EAS was not correlated with scores on the MMPI-168, thus supporting the fact that illness was not related to the EAS scores.


The aim of this study is to develop parsimonious statistical models that predict the drilling water flow in the hard rock aquifers using hydrodynamic and physical parameters estimable by the geophysical methods for optimizing the hydrogeological prospecting. The study area is the region of the N'zi-Comoe (Central-East of Ivory Coast). The calibration was performed with a sample of 100 drillings (2/3). The evaluation of the quality of the models in validation phase reveals strong correlation coefficients varying from 0.647 (model 2) to 0.660 (model 1). The biases fluctuate between 0.298 (model 3) and 0.377 (model 2) and tend towards 0. The robustness criterion values range from 6.4% (model 1) to 8.0% (model 2) and remain below 10%. It appears that the four models designed are powerful, robust and parsimonious. However, the models 1 and 3 stand out as the best tools for the exploration of groundwater in the crystalline and crystallophyllian aquifers.


Cite this Record Perttula, Timothy K.; Prikryl, Daniel J.; Nelson, Bo; and Iruegas, Sergio A. (1998) "Caddo Lake Archaeology: Phase I of Archaeological Investigations Along Harrison Bayou, Harrison County, Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 1998, Article 34. https://doi.org/ 10.21112/.ita.1998.1.33 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol1998/iss1/34


The occurrence of ice-supersaturation layers (in either clear air or in cirrus) over the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg is investigated for the period February 2000 to April 2001 by means of the humidity, temperature, and pressure reports obtained from the Lindenberg corrected RS80A routine radiosonde. The RS80A routine sonde data are corrected on the basis of weekly comparison ascents with Lindenberg research radiosonde humidity data. This research sonde applies the Lindenberg measuring and evaluation technique of standardized frequencies. We study the frequency of occurrence of ice supersaturation in the tropopause region over Lindenberg, the vertical distribution of ice-supersaturation layers in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere, their situation relative to the tropopause, their vertical dimensions, their temperatures and the statistical distribution of relative humidities. The mean frequency of occurrence of ice-supersaturation layers is about 28%. Most of them occur within a broad layer extending 200 hPa down from the tropopause. Most events occur in cold air with temperature below -40°C. Their vertical extensions can be fitted by a pair of Weibull distributions with mean 560 ± 610 m. The results are compared with findings from the MOZAIC project, from the SAGE II satellite instrument, and with various results from Lidar measurements.


The picture of court life in the reconquered Constantinople, which is generally regarded as representative of the whole of the late Byzantine period from the late thirteenth century to 1453, is based on the one surviving text from the period after 1204 that contains descriptions of ceremonies, the so-called Treatise on the court titles by the anonymous author known as Pseudo-Kodinos. The author of this chapter argues that the modern portrayal of a reduced and impoverished ceremonial and court life, does not rely so much on the text of Pseudo- Kodinos itself, as on expectations and preconceptions created by the tenth-century Book of Ceremonies . One important difference in the two works is: the Book of Ceremonies is antiquarian, while the Treatise presents living ceremony, protocols that reflect ceremonies that were being performed in the mid fourteenth century. Keywords: Book of Ceremonies ; fourteenth century Constantinople; late Byzantine period; Pseudo-Kodinos; Treatise on the court titles


What are we to make of the current shift in federal-state-local relationships away from centralized, categorical control to the administratively simpler block-grant or devolved approach to funding state and local government programs and activities? The term "devolution" has been used, and maybe abused, to describe this process (Deller 1998). Welfare reforms instigated at the federal level by the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 are perhaps the most emblematic of the current round of program initiatives. These efforts are the most recent of others dating back to federal reorganizations and reforms implemented during the Nixon administration where many of the federal-to-state/local relationships were clarified and much of the grants-in-aid process was defined and implemented. Every administration puts its own touches on federalism. The next round of significant changes in intergovernmental functional and fiscal relations after the Nixon administration occurred during the Reagan years, beginning right off the bat with the passage of the Omnibus Budget and Reconciliation Act of 1981. The federal intention was straightforward: states were to be given the resources and latitude to fund and administer federally mandated programs via block grants instead of through more cumbersome, categorical, federally-administered programs. The changes were supposed to streamline federal administration and federal direct costs and to maximize effectiveness at the state and local levels. While state and local governments where to be


The invention relates to an organic wastewater treatment film reactor utilizing solar energy photo-assisted electro-catalysis, which comprises a storage tank of water to be processed, a flow controllable constant flow pump, a photoelectric chemical reactor, a clear water storage tank and a solar battery component, wherein a photo anode and a cathode are correspondingly arranged in the reactor; the photo anode takes a porous metal membrane as a base body, and a TiO2 nano tube or a TiO2 mesoporous membrane is formed on the surface of a porous titanium membrane (net) by an electrochemical anisotropic etching technology; a porous channel film is used as the base body; a metal oxide coating electrode with high electrochemical catalytic activity and high electrical conductivity is prepared by a dipping film-forming method, simultaneously, by doping and modifying operations, the electrode material has photo catalytic activity and the reaction efficiency is improved. The reactor integrates electrochemistry, photocatalysis and film separation technologies; the three technologies are coupled to enhance a synergistic effect; the wastewater treatment efficiency can be improved; a solar component is adopted as a power supply; the clean solar energy is utilized to the maximal degree, and the organic wastewater treatment film reactor has social benefits of reducing environment load and economic benefits of reducing cost.


Can a demand-side macroeconomic shock be a driver of capital misallocation in China? Using cross-province data, we find a positive effect of fiscal policy volatility on the dispersion of risk-adjusted marginal revenue product of capital (MRPK), and the changes of fiscal policy volatility account for 8.9% to 27.4% of the observed reduction in capital misallocation during 1998-2007. Factors relating to capital adjustment costs, financial frictions and policy distortions are found to play an important role in shaping the nexus between fiscal policy volatility and the static measure of capital misallocation, as reflected by the vast heterogeneity among provinces and industries. The impact of fiscal policy volatility on capital misallocation can transmit to the dispersion of marginal revenue products of other factor inputs. JEL Classification: D24, E62, O23, O47


Employers in Swaziland have often complained about the country' education system in that it does not provide the required knowledge, skills and attitudes that are needed by both the public and private sector, and thus the need that it be reformed. The objectives of this study were:
a) To find out what employers understand by a relevant education system, and the knowledge, skills and attitudes that they require from the school graduautes;
b) To find out if schools in Swaziland do provide such relevant education, and
c) If they do not, find out where the schools are failing.
A research-designed questionnaire was used to collect the information from the employers. A stratified random sampling procedure was used to select the industries that were included in the sample. The results were that only 9.4% of the employers said education given was highly relevant, 65.5% said it was relevant, 21.9% said it was not relevant to their needs, and 3.1% did not know. The employers indicated that the major weaknesses of the system were that it lacked practical and technical skills and that it did not provide the students with good attitudes towards work.
The major conclusion drawn from the study was that it was necessary that a forum be created where employers and educators would meet and discuss what needs to be done to make the education system more relevant to the needs of the industry.


The combined heat and power generation (CHP), based on the use of renewable energy sources, is an essential aspect of currently developing energy systems. Among the other renewable sources, biomass is characterized by high caloric value, wide availability, and low prices. This paper is focused on the study of the operation of a straw-fired boiler, as a part of developing a micro scale CHP system based on the modified Rankine Cycle operation. Based on the previously conducted studies, a dedicated construction of a 100-kWth straw-fired batch boiler was designed and implemented. Thermal oil heated in the boiler was transferred respectively to the evaporator, superheater, and oil/water emergency heat exchanger. The control of the system operation was realized using a dedicated automation system based on the programmable logic controller (PLC). Presented results include the impact of various fuel inputs and the boiler's control scenario on the oil heating process. The power received by the evaporator and superheater (the first phase of combustion process) reached a level of 48 kW temporarily. The ratio of heat taken from evaporator and superheater to the theoretical amount of chemical energy accumulated in the fuel ranged from 16.8% to 21.4%. Moreover, also observed were differences in carbon monoxide emission from the boiler. Based on the results, some outlines for controlling the operation of the boiler were obtained


The aryl 2-chloroprop-2-enyl ethers (1a–g), prepared from the appropriate phenols by treatment with 2,3-dichloropropene, underwent smooth Claisen rearrangement to the 2-(2-chloroprop-2-enyl)phenols (2a–g), acid-catalysed cyclization of which afforded the 2-methylbenzo[b]furans (4a–g). The chloropropenyl thioethers (5a–e) yielded the 2-methylbenzo[b]thiophens (6a–e) directly when heated at 200 °C in NN-diethylaniline. Attempts to prepare 2-methylindoles by this method failed. 3-Chloro-1-phenoxybut-2-ene (7a) cyclized thermally to give 4-methyl-2H-chromen (9a). Similar attempts to prepare 1,2-dihydro-4-methylquinoline (12) and 4-methyl-2H-thiochromen (18) failed.


This paper examines practical applications of the concept of the co-constructive system. Co-constructive information systems have been discussed in Forsgren (1988). They are characterized by the information system creating the socially creative unit of activity together with the actors. The activity has the capacity therefore to react to itself and its surroundings, and is totally dedicated on customer satisfaction. The main purpose of the paper is to illustrate the practical applications of co-constructive ideas in the development of information systems, and to highlight their implications. From a longer-term perspective the paper aims to support organizations which, in their efforts toward more customer-oriented activities, set out to apply the principle of co-constructive systems in information systems development. One conclusion is that co-constructive information systems represent a clear alternative for customer-oriented organizations. In this way organizations can capture information requirements, and transform these into knowledge that can be passed back to the customer.


The issue of subqueries in SPARQL has appeared in different papers as an extension point to the original SPARQL query language. Particularly, nested CONSTRUCT in FROM clauses are a feature that has been discussed as a potential input for SPARQL 1.1 which was resolved to be left out in favour of select subqueries under the—unproven—conjecture that such subqueries can express nested construct queries. In this paper, we show that it is indeed possible to unfold nested SPARQL construct queries into subqueries in SPARQL 1.1; our transformation, however, requires an exponential blowup in the nesting depth. This suggests that nested construct queries are indeed a useful syntactic feature in SPARQL that cannot compactly be replaced by subqueries.


The present invention relates to a process and transducer for emitting wideand and low frequency acoustic waves in unlimited immersion depth. The invention is applied to tranducers comprising at least one electro-acoustic motor (1) causing any wall 3 of the said waves to vibrate, and a hollow shell 5 enclosing the said motor 1, and delimiting with the said vibrating wall 3 among others, a cavity 7, characterised in that: at least one opening 5, causing cavity 7 to communicate with ambient medium 4, is made in said shell 5; in at least part of the volume of the said cavity 7, at least one flexible bladder 7, is installed; this bladder 8 is filled with a fluid 9 more compressible than fluid 4.


1. Introduction 2. The People's Empire and the People's War 3. The Post-War People's Empire 4. Coronation Britain 5. Colonial Wars 6. Immigration 7. Elegies for Empire: The Romance of Manliness Epilogue Bibliography


Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) causes morbidity in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Objective The aims of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the prevalence of MetS in PsA patients compared with sex- and age-matched healthy controls and to test possible associations with clinical and laboratory variables. Methods The prevalence of MetS was determined for 76 PsA patients and 76 sex- and age-matched healthy controls, using the criteria of NCEP/ATPIII and Harmonizing, adjusted for South Americans. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for MetS. Results Metabolic syndrome was significantly more prevalent in the PsA group than in the control group (53.9% vs 18.4%, p < 0.001). Psoriatic arthritis was associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, increased waist circumference (WC), elevated body mass index, and raised levels of blood glucose and triglycerides. When comparing MetS and non-Mets PsA patients, MetS was not significantly associated with disease activity, skin involvement, or quality of life. In the logistic regression model, the variables independently associated with MetS were use of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (p = 0.001), elevated arterial pressure (p = 0.006), age (p = 0.0015), WC (p = 0.004), and low HDL (p = 0.042). Conclusions In this study on PsA patients from Northeastern Brazil, MetS was highly prevalent and associated with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs use, increased WC, and low HDL.


A mathematical model was developed to predict the variable costs of labor, materials, and growth chamber space for sugarcane micropropagule production based on environmental and cultural conditions and experimentally determined multiplication rates. A second model was developed which considered only labor costs. The labor component of the models was verified with production labor data with an overall model prediction error of –10.2%. The models were then used to compare production scenario treatments with nine different combinations of three variables. Both models determined the combination of six initial shoots per vessel, 200 mmol/m2s photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), and three multiplication medium changes per generation had the lowest unit cost of production.


In order to better apply the bolt support technology,the paper provided the function principle of the lining beam with bolt sup- port.With the rock mechanics,material mechanics and underground stress,the paper analyzed the stressed status and stability of the rock strata.The function principle of the lining beam was tested and applied to the reinforcement of the different mine roadway,mine chamber, coal bunker and surface buildings and was specially applied to the uncompleted rock mass of the fault zone and surrounding rocks.The re- verse wedge type metal bolt and slot tube bolt were adopted to the above applications.According to the fault conditions,if it was necessary to increase the bolting strength,the grouting could be applied to fill the fissures and caves of the rock mass in order to improve the shear- ing capacity of the lining blocks (or rocks).With the several year tests and applications,the results showed that with the relative stable strata,the bolted gateway roof could reach the stability of the gateway and could reduce the bolting depth.The function principle of the lining beam could be further applied to the gateway,fault and cracking developed rock strata influenced by the mining activities.Also with the bolt support,the function principle of the lining beam could have a good application results and good economic benefits.


Gregory H. Nobles, HTS professor and director of the Georgia Tech Honors Program presented a talk on November 2, 2010 from 11:00 AM - 11:30 AM
in the Neely Lobby of the Georgia Tech Library.


The current main problems of roadside transfer hub of routine public transit system are described,and the concept and functions of off-street transfer hub are analyzed.Ttotally five indexes are chosen to quantify the distributed and transferred functions of these hubs,which include the bus line number,bus frequency,aggregate and disperse passenger flows,transfer passenger flows and transfer time.Firstly,the grey whitening weight function and clustering indexes weight are determined,Then,the alternative locations of off-street transfer hub are grey cluster graded.Thus,the integrated clustering coefficients are calculated to achieve the selection of alternative locations.At last,the case analysis is studied to verify the method.


This case study looks at data analytics within a police force, examining how a police force recognised the need to make better use of the data and information they held, and how they started to professionalise their data analytical capability. This real-world example of the decisions and issues faced by a police force in the UK when looking at data analytics will explore the impact of data analytics on crime prevention, resource allocation, and community engagement, and the associated issues faced by a law enforcement body around culture, ethics and technology when implementing such an approach.


INTRODUCTION
Treatment of posterior epistaxis with an intranasal balloon catheter (double balloon--Epistat) or posterior balloon (Foley catheter) as a posterior packing combined with a gauze plug as the anterior packing is often very troublesome for the patient. In the western world, the introduction of endoscopic electrocoagulation or ligation of the sphenopalatine artery has proved to be effective in the treatment of persistent posterior epistaxis, and it reduces morbidity. We have therefore introduced the same treatment modality.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
We have used this technique so far on six patients with persistent posterior epistaxis. They were admitted to the ENT Department, H:S Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, during the period 1.4.2000-15.11.2000.

RESULTS
The treatment terminated the epistaxis in all cases. One patient had anterior epistaxis postoperatively, and this was treated with ligation of the arterior ethmoidal artery. The time spent in hospital after the operation was 1-2 days.

CONCLUSION
This method is recommended for the treatment of persistent posterior epistaxis, when functional endoscopic techniques are mastered. Early treatment reduces morbidity and cuts down the stay in hospital.


Vacuum furnace is the key plant for the silicothermic magnesium metallurgy.At present the retorts used in Pidgeon process are facing a crisis being eliminated because of low thermal efficiency and long production cycle.Some experiments for the production of magnesium from calcined dolomites were done on a novel vacuum furnace by using internal heating method.The results show that its magnesium yield exceed 90% with the working cycle of 180 min,and that its power consumption is below 9kWh/kg.So it is a kind of saving energy furnace for the silicothermic magnesium metallurgy.


Transient plasma ignition, a method of fuel-air ignition involving streamer discharges produced by nanosecond high-voltage pulses, is attractive, and that it reduces ignition delay, increases the burning rate, and can ignite leaner mixtures compared with the traditional spark ignition. In this paper, images of the transient plasma discharges and subsequent flame development in a C2H4-air mixture were captured using a single-lens reflex camera and a high-speed camera, respectively.


Due to imprecise methods of evaluating therapist behaviors, little progress has been made in demonstrating how the therapist contributes to the success of psychotherapy. More important, the suitability of the therapist's behavior to the particular needs of a given patient has not been adequately assessed. In this article, we describe a new approach for assessing the suitability of therapist interventions. We hypothesized that the suitability of interpretations would be more predictive of patient progress than the category of interpretation: transference versus nontransference. The transcripts of three brief psychodynamic psychotherapies were studied. Interpretations in the three therapies were identified and categorized as transference or nontransferen ce and were then rated for suitability. Patient productivity was rated using the Experiencing Scale. As predicted, in each case suitability of interpretations correlated significantly and positively with patient productivity, whereas type of interpretation did not correlate with patient progress.


The education of higher vocational schools should enhance the vocational occupation training,carry out occupational qualification check-up,establish a mechanism of combining producing with studying,improve students' synthtical vocational skills,and train applied technical talents with high qualities.


The importance of determining the sidereal rotation period of an astronomical object on future investigations pertaining to said object has been well documented in the literature. Researchers, howe...


Traditional morphological taxonomic classification is problematic in the Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl. species complex. Reliable identification of entities within the species is essential due to its extensive use both in Australia and overseas, its propensity for weediness, and its ongoing development for use in agroforestry. We used a Bayesian analysis approach to assess genetic structure in populations across the species natural range and to define the natural distributions of various genetic entities. The results indicate that three highly divergent genetic entities are apparent in the A. saligna species complex with further fine-scale genetic subdivision present within two. The three primary genetic entities correspond to the informally described subsp. 'saligna' and subsp. 'pruinescens' combined, subsp. 'stolonifera', and subsp. 'lindleyi'. Within this primary structure two further entities are apparent; one separating subsp. 'saligna'/'pruinescens' into eastern and western populations and the other distinguishing north-western 'lindleyi' populations from the rest of that subspecies distribution. The north-western catchments may have been an important refugium for the species diversity. The results of the study will aid in breeding programs, conservation of natural populations and control of invasive populations of this taxon.


In this paper a model is presented to investigate the start up condition in elastohydrodynamic lubrication. During start up the lubrication condition falls into the mixed lubrication regime. The transition from solid contact to lubricated contact is of importance when investigating the start up process and its effects on bearing performance. The model presented uses the multigrid multilevel method to solve the lubricated region of the contact and a minimization of complementary energy approach to solve the solid contact region. The FFT method is incorporated to speed up the film thickness calculation. An iteration scheme between the lubrication and the solid contact problems is used to achieve the solution of the mixed lubrication contact problem. The results of start up with smooth surfaces are provided for the case when speed increases from zero to desired speed in one step and the case when speed is linearly increased to desired speed. The details of the transition from full solid contact to full lubricated contact in EHL start up are presented. The change of pressure and film thickness as well as contact forces and contact areas are discussed.


The latest trends in distributed and mobile collaboration (DMC) technologies allow people to move across organizational boundaries and continue to collaborate with others within or between organizations and communities. This report summarizes the contributions of the second IEEE International Workshop on Distributed and Mobile Collaboration (DMC) at WETICE 2004. The DMC Workshop included 12 full papers spaning topics from Service-oriented Collaboration, Peer-to-Peer Collaboration, Mobility, and Business Process Management. The workshop results open intriguing challenges in the emerging research field of distributed collaborative systems for mobile teams.


Fueled by poverty, homelessness and AIDS, a disease we almost wiped out is back in a dangerous new form. Its resurgence is neither fluke nor mystery, but a tragic social failure.


Consider the motion of a Brownian particle that takes place either in a twodimensional plane or in the three-dimensional space. Given that only the distance of the particle to the origin is being observed, the problem is to detect the true dimension as soon as possible and with minimal probabilities of the wrong terminal decisions. We solve this problem in the Bayesian formulation under any prior probability of the true dimension when the passage of time is penalised linearly.


In this paper we study the qualitative behavior of a predator–prey system with nonmonotonic functional response. The system undergoes a series of bifurcations including the saddle-node bifurcation, the supercritical Hopf bifurcation, and the homoclinic bifurcation. For different parameter values the system could have a limit cycle or a homoclinic loop, or exhibit the so-called "paradox of enrichment" phenomenon. In the generic case, the model has the bifurcation of cusp-type codimension two (i.e. the Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation) but no bifurcations of codimension three.


This paper shows how a text classiier's need for labeled training data can be reduced by a combination of active learning and Expectation Maximization (EM) on a pool of unlabeled data. Query-by-Committee is used to actively select documents for labeling, then EM with a naive Bayes model further improves classiication accuracy by concurrently estimating probabilistic labels for the remaining unlabeled documents and using them to improve the model. We also present a metric for better measuring disagreement among committee members; it accounts for the strength of their disagreement and for the distribution of the documents. Experimental results show that our method of combining EM and active learning requires only half as many labeled training examples to achieve the same accuracy as either EM or active learning alone.


This article is in German, from a publication in German and and Slovene [© Drava Verlag]. The publisher's website is at: http://www.drava.at


Cooling of littoral waters of a lake under calm conditions creates a horizontal temperature gradient because surface heat loss is distributed over progressively larger depth by plunging sheets (thermals). Resulting convective circulation establishes an exchange flow between littoral and open waters. Numerical simulations illustrate the development ofthe flow from the formation ofthermals to the establishment of a horizontal circulation. Circulation flow rate was found to be proportional toW'/fl,2<n<3(Wisth R l'h e ay etg number) for W values in the range 104-1O8. A laboratory visualization experiment at %? - lo9 confirmed the main features of the simulation. To consider applications to vegetated littoral slopes, we interpreted the results with a formula accounting for the added resistance offered to the flow by the aquatic plants. An example showed that convective Icirculation can be a significant factor in renewing littoral waters.


This chapter presents the method of wheel-breaking from key. Wheel-breaking from key is normally a hand process performed largely and often entirely by specially trained Testery breakers on key obtained from depth. This chapter is however concerned mostly with depth key. The ease with which key is broken depends on three factors: the length, the number of dots and the type of limitation used. When these factors are particularly favourable, the methods described in the chapter can often be simplified or short-circuited. For example, in extreme cases depth key can be treated just like crib key and broken rapidly on Colossus. An essential of key-breaking is speed. Only in key-breaking from depth is it likely that one can decode the current day's traffic. So the best plan is a double attack: a hit-or-miss attempt by a first-class key-breaker to rush it through in record time, and at the same time a slow but powerful second line of defence should be in preparation in case he takes too many chances for the sake of speed and becomes bogged down. In that event he can proceed afresh from the sound start that has meanwhile been prepared by others.


The process of registration of new cultivars in the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply is an important step for seed production and commercialization in Brazil. Registration assures the genetic identity and varietal quality for breeding programs. Additionally, cultivar protection guarantees royalties to private and public breeding and seed companies, which can use these resources to continue their research and development projects. This paper describes the experience in registering and protecting two new jalapeno pepper cultivars (BRS Sarakura and BRS Garca) released by Embrapa Vegetables' Capsicum breeding program. Four out of 48 botanical descriptors showed high discriminatory potential to differentiate the two new cultivars: plant length and size, green color intensity in fruits before maturity, and peduncle thickness. Both jalapeno cultivars showed plant uniformity, high yield and capsaicin content, and genetic stability during two growing-cycles, as well as distinct traits when compared to other Capsicum cultivars. Lessons learned with cultivar registration and protection include the need to have prior experience in morphological characterization and practical application of botanical descriptors, the aid of an experienced botanist to identify new Capsicum species and varieties, and finally knowledge of bureaucratic procedures and requirements.


For many years, the presence of large amounts of shales in many sedimentary basins worldwide has been regarded as a double edged sword. On the positive side, they form seals to hydrocarbon traps in the subsurface and in addition are regarded as potentially useful for the storage of CO2 and nuclear wastes. All three positives are enhanced by their often areally extensive nature. However, these large volumes of shaly material also have a downside in that exploration wells often have to drill through highly unstable shale formations; such instability can be caused by high pore pressures, drilling fluid-rock interactions coupled with the generally weak nature of many overburden shales. In recent times, understanding shale behaviour became more critical with the advent of shales as reservoirs, although it should be noted that these shales are not at all similar to typical overburden shales encountered for example in the North Sea or Gulf of Mexico. However, both types of shales are of interest in terms of geomechanical properties, overburden shales for seal integrity and gas shales for hydraulic fracturing. In addition, the coupled geomechanics and rock physics response is also of interest as overburden shales have shown anomalous responses in 4D seismic operations, while gas shales require an understanding of the mechanics and physics of partial saturation and presence/type of organic matter. This contribution will investigate the impacts of some critical factors governing shale geomechanical properties, outline the impact of changing stress on rock physics response through evaluation of velocity and its anisotropy and finally will look at the relationship between composition, dielectric properties and shale strength.


=benzoic acid) is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis DTA,TG,DTC,and IRspectra.The title compound crystallizes in triclinic,space.group P with a=9.148(1),b=11.460(2),c=13.506(2);α=112.76(1),β=91.83(1),γ=91.99(1)°;Z=1;V=1303.3.The final R factor is0.0235.The rare earth ion is nine-coordinated to form a distorted monocapped square antiprism.


This article makes a case for private equity investing in Asian real estate - India and China. In so doing, it focuses on the drivers of commercial real estate demand as well as the risks associated with such investments.


The automatic control system of pulp level for 50m~3 flotation equipment and the results of industrial experiments with it are introduced.The system consists of level transducer,controller and pneumatic actuator.The successful industrial experimental results are achieved with KYF-50 flotation equipment in Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Group Corp.The system is the powerful safeguard of stable operation and the effective measure of updating concentration indexes for KYF-50 flotation equipment.


AIM: To analyze the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and the severity of coronary artery disease(CHD) and to evaluate the relevance of risk factors and CHD and gender differences.METHODS: A total of 1 786 patients(1 214 males and 572 females) who underwent coronary angiography were selected,and their gender,ages,blood pressure,total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),uric acid(UA),blood sugar and smoking history were recorded and calculated by the Gensini score.All cases were divided into four groups according to Gensini score.Risk factors were compared among the various groups,and the relationship of CHD and risk factors was first analyzed generally and then analyzed by gender with logistic regression.RESULTS: Univariate analysis of CHD risk factors and relevance of coronary lesions showed that Gensini score increased with the increase of age,TC and LDL,whereas HDL decreased.No significance difference was found in TC and UA between groups.Gensini score also increased in males,smokers,and patients with hypertension and diabetes.Logistic regression analysis showed that the most significant risk factors for CHD were diabetes followed by smoking,low HDL,high LDL,aging and gender,but no significant difference was found in hypertension(P=0.10) and high TG(P=0.29).Analysis by gender showed that smoking was the most significant risk factors for males followed by low HDL,high LDL,diabetes and aging.Diabetes was the most significant risk factor for females followed by low HDL.Aging and smoking were not significant factors for females.CONCLUSION: Increasing age,TC,LDL,HDL,hypertension,diabetes and smoking are risk factors shown to increase the severity of CHD,among which diabetes is one of the most significant CHD risk factors,particularly for females.


In this paper a method able to recover moving target radial velocities in along-track interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (AT-INSAR),which uses the multi-baseline configurations of distributed small satellite system,is presented. Based on the Maximum Likelihood Estimation technique,the innovation method can obtain very accurate velocity estimation capabilities,overcoming ambiguity intrinsic in the single-baseline AT-INSAR system. The improved performance of the method is evaluated via simulating the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLB).


Elevation and section plan for a Hotel in Breckenridge, Texas. It includes section, elevation, and detail drawing of a typical exterior wall of the building.


A new granular zinc oxide absorbent for gas or liquid desulfurization has been in service for over 18 months, and over 10 charges have now been used on gas desulfurization. Widespread usage is expected for gas and liquid desulfurization. Since the early sixties, the main hydrocarbon feedstocks used by the chemical industry have been low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. These range from natural gas to naphtha, with natural gas and associated gases being those most widely used. Hydrogen is obtained from these feedstocks by endothermic reforming reaction with steam over a nickel catalyst. The reaction is carried out at high temperatures (about 1,500/sup 0/F) in large furnaces containing several hundred alloy-steel tubes packed with catalyst. The nickel catalyst has high activity and high selectivity and under ideal conditions can last for many years. However, nickel catalysts are easily poisoned by sulfur. The sulfur reacts to form nickel sulfide which does not catalyse the steam-reforming reaction; therefore, hydrocarbon cracking occurs with the formation of carbon and unsaturated hydrocarbons. The carbon deposits on the catalyst and eventually blocks the tubes. This causes overheating and may result in the tube rupturing. Even small levels of sulfur can have a harmful effect. Industry has had to developmore » systems for the almost total removal of sulfur (down to less than 0.1 ppm) from feedstocks.« less


A new 3-DOF Mechanism is designed through researching on 3-DOF planar parallel mechanism to reduce the production cost and the difficulty of control. The design of the mechanism,motion simulation and finite element analysis are completed with the help of Inventor to ensure the correctness,rationality and reliability of the mechanism design and raise the working efficiency.


Monitoring and knowledge of competitors among the factors that can ensure the success of the organization. This bachelor thesis seeks to clarify the effects of competition on the Company Izolplast Zlin spol. s ro in the insulation of flat roofs in the Zlin Region. The theoretical parts are various views and theories on competition, to process its own theme of this thesis. Theory explains Porterův five competitive forces model, various types of appropriate marketing strategies for the company. This section also falls clarify SWOT analysis. The analytical part of a company Izolplast Zlin spol. s ro, and its competitive position. Identifies its direct competitors in the region and analyze their position through the marketing strategy of market leader, challenger, follower and nicher.


Binance welcomes the Financial Stability Board (FSB) work on a global framework for regulating crypto-asset activities. The industry is spread across jurisdictions, and disintermediates financial services using technologies that operate across the globe 24/7, with less emphasis on traditional supervision structures. Given this, the importance of global standards increases. The ideal regulatory response should be coordinated, consistent and comprehensive. Regulation must be proportionate to the nature, scale and complexity of the risks.


A leading cause of severe disability and limb amputation in the developed world is critical limb ischemia (CLI) from severe peripheral artery disease. Current treatments for CLI, such as surgical revascularization, endovascular intervention, and medical treatment, typically result in less than satisfying results. Furthermore, despite early promise, phase II clinical trials of exogenous proangiogenic growth factors for CLI have not demonstrated efficacy, and the prospects for successful gene and cell therapies for CLI are far from certain.1 In this issue of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology , Nagahama et al2 demonstrate an innovative nanoparticle-mediated delivery of pioglitazone for enhancing therapeutic neovascularization in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia.

See accompanying article on page 2427

Although the thiazolidine (TZD) class of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ agonists such as pioglitazone has been in clinical use as treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus, recent …


Let L be a finite geometric lattice of rank 4 (i.e., a planar space) such that any two planes of L meet in a line. There is a longstanding conjecture due to W. M. Kantor which states that every such lattice can be embedded into a projective space. If L is given as above, then for every point p E L, L/p is a projective plane of order n (independent of p). Recently, A. Beutelspacher has shown that if L has at least n3 points then L can be embedded into a projective space. We give an alternative proof of his result, which applies to the more general class of finite locally projective planar spaces. Furthermore, our considerations lead to some more insight into the geometrical structure of a possible counterexample to Kantor's conjecture. For example, they can be used to show that the bound on n3 is not tight. &? 1988 Academic Press. Inc.


Objectives: The 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guideline (AAP guideline) for assessing "elevated blood pressure (BP) (90th BP percentile)" and "high BP (95th BP percentile)" includes a large number of BP thresholds according to sex, age and height, which makes it cumbersome to use in clinical practice. We proposed the simplified height-specific BP thresholds to evaluate the performance of a simplified table with a smaller number of height-specific BP thresholds compared to the 2017 AAP guideline. Methods: We developed a simplified table of absolute height-specific BP thresholds based on the 2017 AAP guideline. We validated our simplified table using data from 15,037 youths aged 8–17 years from U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2016 and data from 4,769 youths aged 5–17 years from NHANES III (1988–1994). Results: The simplified table performed nearly as well as the 2017 AAP guideline for screening high BP/elevated BP in U.S. youths aged 8–17 years from NHANES 1999–2016, with high values of AUC 0.94/0.98, sensitivity (88.3%/96.8%), specificity (99.6%/98.8%), PPV (92.8%/93.6%), NPV (99.3%/99.4%), and Kappa coefficient (0.90/0.94). The simplified table performed similarly well when applied to youths from NHANES 1988–1994. Conclusion: The simplified table with height-specific BP thresholds performed as well as the 2017 AAP guideline for identifying high BP and elevated BP in U.S. children and adolescents. This simplified table could be useful for identifying abnormal BP in youths in clinical practice.


By echoing in his first Pastoral a locus where Virgil talks programmatically about bucolic poetry, Pope announces his intention of writing in the pastoral mode. More specifically, the function of the allusion is to announce that Pope's enterprise is an attempt to emulate Virgil, as Virgil emphasizes that he is emulating Theocritus. (Dryden makes this idea explicit in his rendering: «I first transfer'd to Rome Sicilian Strains,/Nor blush'd the Dorick Muse to dwell on Mantuan Plains.» However, while Virgil proudly announces that he is the first Roman to write in Theocritus' vein and that the «Dorick Muse» was not ashamed to sing in Rome's woods, Pope does not say that he is the first English poet to write pastoral in Virgil's style. Whereas «Prima» goes predicatively with «Thalia»— «My Thalia was the first one to play...»—in Spring the «First» refers to a stage in Pope's poetic career: his first poetic endeavor is the «sylvan Strains.» This reading is supported by the allusive context. In Eel. VI Virgil has a personal reason to speak about his bucolic poetry, as he tells us in the lines that follow. Varus had urged him to write an epic, but when Virgil tried, Apollo warningly pulled his ear and told him to return to pastoral poetry. If Virgil's argument concerning the question of pastoral vs. epic poetry—an argument wnicn, as L snaiV discuss; Pope tf UV αερίΙύΛφ' attili f Ar STtauitfr Forest—is allusively operative, it would imply that Pope intends to follow the rota Virgilii tradition, i.e., that he is already planning also to write epic poetry as Virgil


An event-driven fixed window level-crossing analog-to-digital converter (LC-ADC) is presented in this paper. The influence of comparator offset is discussed in detail, and optimization is made in order to avoid spurious sampling. Folding circuit is used in this LC-ADC for signal processing within a fixed window, which achieves small area and wide bandwidth. Designed in 0.18 μm CMOS, the LC-ADC occupies an active area of 0.011 mm2. It can reach 12-bit hardware precision with an input frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 kHz.


The reaction of the iron oxide cation with the hydrogen molecule is studied in this work using the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) method. Previous attempts achieved a qualitative agreement between theory and experiments, but not a satisfactory quantitative explanation which concurs with the experimental facts. The DMC method provides a consistent explanation of the experimental results all along the reaction path. This is due to the fact that DMC accounts for almost all of the correlation energy, which is of vital importance for the correct description of this reaction.


Surface roughness and dynamic growth behavior of TiC/a-C nanocomposite films deposited by nonreactive pulsed-dc (p-dc) magnetron sputtering were studied using atomic force microscopy, cross-sectional scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. From detailed analyses of surface morphology and growth conditions, it is concluded that a transition in growth mechanisms occurs, i.e., a mechanism dominated by geometric shadowing at a p-dc frequency of 100 kHz evolving to a surface diffusion mechanism driven by impact-induced atomistic downhill flow process by Ar+ ions at a p-dc frequency of 350 kHz. It is shown that rapid smoothening of initially rough surfaces with rms roughness from ∼6 to <1 nm can be effectively achieved with p-dc sputtering at 350 kHz pulse frequency, leading to a transition from a strong columnar to a columnar-free microstructure.


The article analyzes the transnational Islamist terrorist organizations operating in Kashmir since 1989, which were formed and sponsored by sections of the Pakistani state, as the main intelligence agency in the country, the ISID - Inter Directorade-Services Intelligence, and the national army. The use of private religious forces in the dispute with India, which lasts for more than six decades (since 1947), attends a strategy for Pakistan's Foreign Policy based in the use of "War by Proxy" as an essential tool for their continued military action in the region. As a way to legitimize its actions in Kashmir, terrorist organizations developed a subversion of the idea of jihad, in which the holy war is posed as the sole duty of every believer of Islam, and secondly, as a way of promoting a religious cleansing against those who are considered enemies, with the objective to destabilize Indian government in the State.


The Internet-of-Things (IoT) has the potential to follow a similar progression to Web 2.0, in which end-users came to participate in content creation. This paper analyses the availability of IoT components that are suitable for end-users to create their own IoT systems with a reasonable degree of ease. Selected IoT platforms are compared using a set of end-user oriented requirements. We critically discuss the current state of the art in this respect and propose a conceptual framework for IoT 2.0.


Current guidelines recommend early placement of an autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) before initiation of chronic hemodialysis therapy. Also, several studies showed that optimal pre-dialysis care is crucial to prepare a functioning permanent dialysis access. However, despite these recommendations, incident patients in Morocco usually initiate dialysis therapy using temporary catheters. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to identify the types of vascular access used by incident hemodialysis patients in Morocco and to determine the effect of pre-dialysis renal care on native AVF utilization.

 We conducted a cross-sectional study at the nephrology department of Mohammed VI university hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 among adult incident hemodialysis patients. Clinical and demographic characteristics, as well as data on vascular access type and nephrology care prior to dialysis initiation, were recorded.

 A total of 210 patients were enrolled in our study. The mean age of the participants was 51.6 ± 12.3 years (19–78) with a male predominance (71.4%). The leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was diabetic nephropathy in 41.4% of the patients. At hemodialysis therapy initiation, 173 patients (82.4%) were dialyzed using a temporary central venous catheter (CVC), 20 (9.5%) with a tunneled hemodialysis catheter (TDC) and 17 (8.1%) with an AVF. Out of all participants, only 81 (38.5%) received prior nephrology care. Patients who reported being seen by a nephrologist at least 1 month before starting hemodialysis therapy (75%) were more likely than those referred later to use an AV access at initiation (22.2% versus 1.5%; P < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, geographical origin, education, insurance coverage, comorbidity status and underlying renal diagnosis.

 Our findings showed a high incidence of CVC use among incident hemodialysis patients which is contrary to all recommendations. Also, we found that patients who received pre-dialysis nephrology care were significantly more likely to start their HD through AVF. Therefore, further efforts to improve both referral patterns and preparation for dialysis after referral are needed.


: A viscoplastic cluster MR effect pad is formed between the surface of polishing plate and the workpiece. Under the effect of a magnetic field, MR effect pad remove material from the surface being machined, which has been applied to polish a large variety of brittle materials, ranging from optical glasses to hard crystals, to a nanometer surface. Knowledge of forces acting is important to understand the mechanism of material removal for MR effect pad. Three-component dynamometer instrumentation is used to on-line record the normal force and tangential force acting on the workpiece through the MR effect pad. It is found that the maximal tangential force F t value is 32.25 N and the maximal normal force F n value is 62.35 N, and the ratio between them is about 0.46-0.77. The most contribution is observed that of the machining gap and magnetic field strength on the forces developed on the workpiece surface, followed by CIPs and abrasives concentration, the fluid flow rate, the polishing plate speed, while the least contribution is noticed by the feed distance and feed rate of workpiece. The forces from the cluster MR effect pad and the ratio F t / F n increase with the increase in the hardness of the workpieces. The forces acting on the harder workpieces have the characteristic with low normal pressure and high shear force, and this is beneficial to improve the quality of super-smooth planarization polishing.


Mountain uplift and the threshold for sustained Northern Hemisphere Glaciation G. L. Foster, D. J. Lunt, and R. R. Parrish Bristol Isotope Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK Received: 22 October 2009 – Accepted: 12 November 2009 – Published: 27 November 2009 Correspondence to: G. L. Foster (email@example.com) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.


The linewidth and wavelength tuning characteristics of the distributed feedback and distributed Bragg reflector type single wavelength laser diodes are described. Continuously tunable sources of this type are useful for multichannel coherent transmission systems.


Using the principle of whips to disperse hits the side to kick the leg the technology to carry on the analysis,and introduced the corresponding enhancement training methods,and unified the experiment to conduct the corresponding proof research,in order to enhance the speed and the strength of the side ways kick leg of Sanda in the next teaching training,thus strengthened it in the actual combat might.


This paper explores authorial stance as expressed by the use of diverse -ly adverbs in the Corpus of History English Texts (CHET), one of the subcorpora of the Coruña Corpus. There seems to be widespread agreement that adverbials stand as one of the grammatical categories that most clearly contribute to the expression of interpersonal meanings (Hoye, 1997; Biber and Finegan, 1988). The adverbs, object of this study, have been referred to as certainty adverbs (Aijmer, 2008; Koutsantoni, 2004), epistemic stance adverbs (Conrad and Biber, 1999) evidential modal adverbs (AlonsoAlmeida, 2012; Simon-Vandenbergen and Aijmer, 2007) and boosters (Hyland, 2000). I will describe their use by eighteenth and nineteenth century writers of history texts in order to characterize them in terms of authorial presence. I will show that, depending on the context, they may fulfill several pragmatic functions. Some of these are indicating different degrees of authorial commitment or detachment towards the information presented, persuasion or politeness, among others. The paper is structured as follows: first section offers a description of the Corpus of History English Texts. After that, I present the theoretical framework of stance and also comment on earlier literature on adverbials. Then, I analyse the findings and comment on some relevant examples to illustrate how some -ly adverbs work in the corpus. Finally, the conclusions derived from this study are offered. Regarding methodology, I have used the Coruña Corpus Tool for quantification and text retrieval. Afterwards, manual analyses have been performed as well in order to check stance adverbs' functions in context. This tool simplifies the research to be done and the use of this tool combined with manual analysis is useful to obtain more accurate results.


La\- 1- x Na\- x MnO\-3 and La\- 1- x Ag\- x MnO\-3 have been studied by the XRD, magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistance. The result of the Rietveld refinement of X ray powder diffraction shows that these compounds crystallize in a rhombohedrally distorted structure with space group R3C. However, for the samples of La\- 1- x Ag\- x MnO\-3 there are some Ag separated out when x 0.25. The magnetic measurement shows that Curie temperature T\-c of the studied samples is near or above room temperature. And the Curie temperature T\-c increases with x . The temperature dependence of resistivity shows that all samples of La\- 1- x Na\- x MnO\-3 undergo a sharp transition accompanying a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic with the decrease of temperature, however, for x 0.15 samples, double transition peaks with a single ferromagnetic transition is observed. And there are double resistance peaks in the samples of La\- 1- x Ag\- x MnO\-3 for x 0.2. The co existing ferromagnetic metallic (FM) phases and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases induced by the electronic inhomogeneity as well as the magnetic inhomogeneity caused by the presence of vacancies at the A sites, are presented to account for the novel transport properties. This is called phase separation.


This article presents a case for historiographic discontinuity between the Ottoman and Turkish Republican eras as the principal cause for the failure to develop a sociology of the Turkish bourgeoisie. Indeed, understanding the mechanisms governing the reconversion of resources and the distribution of privileges requires a distinction between the old and the new, because there is a legitimate time for wealth. Such a sociology is essential to understanding the major social, economic and political changes which have occurred in Turkey over the past thirty years. The analysis of the uses, even if sometimes contradictory, of the concept of bourgeoisie in contemporary Turkish historiography opens new prospects. This paper shows that a complete renewal of Turkish elites has not occurred, since a segment of this group is described by historians as possessing the attributes of a "bourgeoisie". Studies of the Turkish bourgeoisie for both the final years of the Ottoman Empire and the Republican period indicate a number of points of continuity. In the present context, it is thus possible to isolate a group of families who display the characteristics of a "upper bourgeoisie", which is to say capital accumulations in all possible economic, cultural, social and symbolic forms.


Hofstede's five cross-cultural dimensions have been broadly applied in the literature. Money and Crotts recently applied the dimension of uncertainty avoidance to a matched sample comprised of low uncertainty avoidance German and high uncertainty avoidance Japanese tourists, finding their behaviours consistent with those behaviours predicted by Hofstede. This study both replicates and extends their research across a representative sample of first time leisure visitors to the USA representing 58 nations. It was found that visitors from high uncertainty avoidance cultures exhibited behaviours consistent with those of the Japanese in the Money and Crotts research, whereas visitors from low-uncertainty avoidance cultures behaved similarly to their German subjects. Such findings, across a broad sample population, validate the original research through a more rigorous test of its propositions, provide increased confidence regarding their generalisability, and further contribute to our understanding of the influence of national culture on tourist behaviour. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &Sons, Ltd.


Innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises represents one of the key success factors in the business at all turbulent markets. Investing in the improvement of software applications for managing relationships with customers is crucial to raise innovation, improve business performance and maximize profits through an adequate management system and implementation of strategies focused on the user. Investing in innovation is a sure way in securing business results and profitability of small and medium-sized enterprises.


Among 2,600 neuropsychiatric service patients were 244 cases of epilepsy. Of these, 77 per cent were diagnosed as idiopathic, 16 per cent as traumatic, and seven per cent as mixed symptomatic. About three-fourths of the traumatic group had been unconscious for more than three hours after the injury. In most cases. seizures began within a year after the injury. In addition to these rather meager data, the article contains an intelligent discussion of discrepancies in reported war statistics, and of the relation of predisposition and trauma. In discussing, W. Gray Walter recites two cases with E.E.G. findings.


The Engineering Control is a system to obtain an engineering information,handle an engineering information and make use of an engineering information to adjust its behavior to carry out an engineering controls the process of purpose that system pursue,is controls corpus act to use towards being controled a body of one kind dynamic function.Any Engineering Cybernetic systems all from the controller and is controled object to constitute,controller to is controled object to exert to control a function,pass feedback,adopt to rectify and control measure,carry out need of control process,attain to control purpose,or in other words,a target of control.The object of engineering control namely quality,progress,expenses and safety etc..The methodology principle of engineering control mainly includes:Moderating the control,the system analysis,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis combines together,system integration,antinomy analysis.Engineering Cybernetics is one the control is concerning the engineering the common regulation of the activity and process,circulate the academics of mechanism and method,will emerge its strong vitality necessarily in 21 centuries.


Introduction: The safety and efcacy of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy are still being studied. The purpose of this retrospective cohort
study was to look into the incidence of adverse outcomes in pregnant women who received COVID-19 vaccination during the second and third
trimesters, the prevalence of adverse outcomes in neonates born to vaccinated mothers, and the overall safety prole of COVID-19 vaccination in
terms of maternal and fetal outcomes. This retrospective cohort study was ca Methods: rried in patients who were admitted in Lalla Ded hospital,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Government Medical College Srinagar during the study period from September 2021 to March 2022.
The study included 565 pregnant women who had received COVID-19 vaccination. The ndings reve Results: aled that the incidence of adverse
outcomes was low in pregnant women who received COVID-19 vaccination, with 3 cases of stillbirths, 5 neonatal death and 4 fetal abnormalities.
124 neonates, on the other hand, were admitted to the NICU, primarily due to Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (74) and low birth weight (36).
Maternal outcomes were also positive, with no reports of PPH or APH. COVID-19 vaccination during preg Conclusion: nancy had a generally
positive safety prole, with no serious adverse events reported. The lack of a comparison group and the retrospective nature of the data are two of
the study's limitations. Overall, the ndings of this study provide important information about the safety and efcacy of COVID-19 vaccination
during pregnancy, which can be used to inform clinical care and public health policies


Invited to survey my work in Philosophy of Education related to the later philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein, I first investigate how Wittgenstein became a significant thinker in this field. Affirming this connection after some deflationary remarks, clarifying the philosophical as opposed to pedagogical intent of Wittgenstein's frequent remarks on learning, I then revisit my contest with Michael Luntley over interpreting Wittgenstein's remarks on training. Eliding the Abrichtung, 'animal-training' reading, I side with Jose Medina's social-normative view of gradually attaining (through training), autonomy within and mastery of the rules. Following the widely shared social-normative reading then opens a vista onto several meaningful applications in education of Wittgenstein's post-foundational philosophy. One case is rule-deviation within curriculum reforms, where instead of standardization and consensus we find multiple interpretations of curricular rules. Another vexing question is how we judge with some degree of certainty the efficacy or sanity of various pedagogical practices, as in weighing the merits of discovery versus fundamentals approaches in math training. Recognizing how people become potentially blinded by long-held, second-nature reactions and 'bedrock' assumptions, and drawing also on Foucault, I consider applications to social justice issues in terms of how we commonly regard others: diagnosing students as ADHD or Gifted, calling out abusive language in schools, recognizing Indigenous claims for sovereignty in a process of decolonizing education, and seeing trees and other non-human beings as something more than standing resources.


Introduction: Nitrates and nitrites can be found in meat and dairy products, vege-tables, and fruits. The consumption of these preservatives has been associated with the emergence of gastric, colorectal cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, although studies are still inconclusive. Methodology: It is a review of literature of the narra-tive type, in which there was a recovery of articles published in English and Portu-guese, in the databases SciELO, Lilacs, Science Direct and Capes journals. Articles related to nitrates and nitrites in foods were included, as well as articles that correlated the consumption of these preservatives with the appearance of cancers, regard-less of the year of publication, although articles published between the years 2009 to 2019 were prioritized. Results: Nitrates and nitrites are generally associated with industrialized food products; therefore, it is possible to observe the presence of these salts in a wide variety of foods. The excessive consumption of nitrates and nitrites, whether through water or food, has been associated with a great diversity of diseases, stimulating the development of several studies investigating, including, the correla-tion between the consumption of these preservatives and the appearance of cancers. Conclusion: it is observed that nitrates and nitrites form compounds with a carcino-genic potential, making them interesting to avoid excessive consumption of these preservatives.


The present study describes the synthesis of trans-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrophenanthro[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (3), which is a potential proximate carcinogen of the environmentally occurring potent carcinogen phenanthro[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (1). Three approaches were investigated for the synthesis of 3. In the first approach, the diarylalkene 9, which was prepared by the Wittig reaction of ylide 7 and aldehyde 8, was subjected to an oxidative photocyclization reaction to produce a mixture of compounds from which 5, a synthetic precursor to 3, was obtained only in trace amounts. The major cyclized product was 10. The second approach entailed the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of 2-(dihydroxyboryl)-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (12) with 3-bromodibenzothiophene (11) to produce 13 in 92% yield. The aldehyde function of 13 was elongated with trimethylsulfonium iodide in the presence of KOH to generate the ethylene oxide 14, which, after methanesulfonic acid treatment, produced a 1 ∶ 1 mixture of 3-methoxyphenanthro[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (6) and 3-methoxyphenanthro[1,2-b][1]benzothiophene (15). Only the undesired compound 15 could be isolated in pure form by extracting the mixture with hot ethanol,
leaving behind a 7 ∶ 3 mixture of 6 and 15. In the third approach, the Wittig reaction of 7 with 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (16) produced 17 predominantly as the Z-isomer in quantitative yield. Cyclodehydrobromination of 17 with KOH–quinoline at elevated temperature produced a mixture from which 6 and 3-methoxyphenanthro[3,4-b][1]benzothiophene (18) were easily separated by column chromatography in 23 and 51% yields, respectively. The intermediate 6 was conveniently processed to 3 following the reaction sequence: methoxy phenol→o-quinone→dihydrodiol.
A relatively polar dihydrodiol obtained by similar processing of the mixture of 6 and 15 was identified as 3.


Objective To observe the efficacy and toxic reaction of pemetrexed or pemetrexed combined with Aidi injection as first-line treatment of advanced lung adenocarcinoma for elderly patients.Methods Sixty-one elderly patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were divided into treatment and control groups randomly.In treatment group,31 cases received pemetrexed at a dose of 500 mg/m2 on days 1,repeated every 3-4 weeks for one recycles;in the same time of pemetreaed chemotherapy,Aidi injection(50 ml)was given intravenously on day 1-15.While in control group,30 cases were only treated with pemetreaed.Results In treatment group and control group,the effective rate was 45.2% and 43.3% respectively;and the disease control rate was 71.0% and 66.7% respectively.The adverse reaction of two groups could be tolerated,and the tolerance and surrival quality of treatment group are higher than that of the control group.Conclusions Elderly patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma benefit from pemetrexed as first-line treatment.Pemetrexed combined with Aidi injection can relieve toxicity of chemotherapy and improve quality of life in patients.


Ergosterol derivatives exhibited copious promising biological activities. The fungus Gyromitra esculenta is widely distributed in Europe and North America. In order to examine the chemical properties of Gyromitra esculenta, a phytochemical study has been preceded and resulted in the isolation of the steroid, ergosta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (brassicasterol), from its methanol extract. The complete identification and absolute configuration of the isolated compound have been established by X-ray structural analysis to be (22E, 24R)-24-methylcholesta-5, 22-dien-3beta-ol. The reported cytotoxicity and the great structural similarity of the isolated compound with the cocrystallized ligand of the aromatase enzyme inspired us to run molecular docking studies against that protein. Ergosta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol occupied the target protein with a binding mode almost the same as the cocrystallized ligand and a binding affinity of −33.55 kcal/mol, which was better than that of the cocrystallized ligand (−22.61 kcal/mol). This promising result encouraged us to conduct in silico ADMET and toxicity studies of ergosta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol against 6 models, and the results expected the likeness of the isolated compound to be a drug. In conclusion, ergosta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol has been isolated from Gyromitra esculenta, identified by X-ray structural analysis, and exhibited promising in silico activities against aromatase enzyme.


The traditional combination mechanism experimental instrument of slider-block,lead rod and cam system must be equipped with a separate computer to make an experiment,which increases the system total cost and the weight.A new scheme of composing the experiment system is stated in this paper.The control system of the equipment is based on AT89C55WD single-chip micro-controller,using the large-scale graphic LCD module and buttons to compose the man-machine interface.It can display the experimental results and operating curve timely during the experiment.Through practical experiments,the new control system is proved to be competent.


Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)is a group of key enzymes in degrading extracellular matrix(ECM)in human,its effect is mainly regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMPs).Recent evidence has shown that Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)play an important role in many biological processes,such as shedding of endometrium,ovulation process,nidation and plantation of embryo and so on,It also take part in in the gensis and development of many diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).In recent years,people discover that Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMPs)belong to a large family of multifunction factors,they are one of the most important proteolitic enzymes which remodeling of the extracellular matrix and take part in many pathological processes,which also can control other important processes,such as the cell growth,hyperplasia,differentiation and so on.


To study the resistant mechanism of Bombyx mori against organophosphorus pesticides at the protein level, high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and time of flight mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the protein expression profiles of fat body from the middleaged 5th larvae before and after treatment with phoxim. The ImageMaster 6. 0 analysis showed that 465 protein spots were detected in the control group and 396 ones in the experimental group. A total of 348 protein spots were matched to each other,showing a matching rate of 73. 54%. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the differential protein spots included phosphoserine aminotransferase (SerB) and 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses on transcriptional levels of SerB gene in six tissues,namely brain,midgut,silk gland,fat body,testis, and Malpighian tubules,of the 5th instar larvae treated with phoxim showed that the expressions of SerB gene were allup-regulated,among which the up-regulation in brain tissue was especially obvious. The transcriptional level of SerB gene was consistent with the up-regulation of its protein expression in fat body. Being affected by phoxim's induction,the number of proteins expressed in fat body of the 5th instar larvae was reduced,and the expression levels of SerB gene in six tissues were increased,sug-gesting an involvement of this protein in the detoxification of pesticide in Bombyx mori larvae.


In numerical forming simulations of the hot stamping process, the lack of reliable material data, especially at higher temperatures gives quite rough estimations of the stamping forces, strains, residual stresses and achieved final product shape. Traditionally, the material is characterised by several isothermal compression or tension tests at elevated temperatures and strain rates. The present work have pointed out an alternative/complementary approach to reduce the number of experiments and to obtain good results by using Gleeble compression tests at continuous cooling with different compression start temperatures. The isothermal mechanical response was established by means of inverse modeling, with start values obtained from isothermal test results. Three different functions describing the flow stress as function of temperature and plastic strain have been tested and compared in usefulness for the steel grade used. The main object function consists of three parts, one from each compression start temperature. The object function in the inverse problem is based on the deviation in compression force-displacement data and radial displacement at the mid point of the specimen. Minimisation of the objective function with respect to the material parameters were performed using an in-house optimization software which is based on the subplex method. The established material response has been evaluated by comparison with data from a separate forming test. For the boron steel in the austenitic phase, the Nemat-Nasser model was found to describe the material response with acceptable agreement within the temperature and strain interval studied in the experimental validation.


The best glasses for use in the positive elements of an anastigmat lens are commonly understood to lie along the upper-left boundary of the glass map. That is, the best glasses have a high refractive index and/or a high v-value (low dispersion). These characteristics reduce the aberration contributions of the positive elements, and make possible lens designs which have smaller residual aberrations than designs which use glasses below the upper-left boundary. However this diagonal boundary line represents a trade-off between high index at one end and high v-value at the other. Thus the question becomes: "Which end of the boundary is best? Should one choose a glass with a high index at the expense of a low v-value, or vice-versa?" We discuss a controlled study of five triplet anastigmat configurations (of f-number and field angle), each using five glasses from along the boundary. The merit function (rms spot size), the MTF, and glass cost are presented as a function of the glass position along the boundary line.


Theological anthropology occupies an important place in the extensive work of Romano Guardini (1885–1968). The thinking of the German thinker can be included in the current of dialogical personalism of the 20th century, which brought many stimuli for deepening the view of human existence. Guardini creatively develops this inspiration and, at the same time, continues the classical theological tradition represented especially by the work of St. Augustine and Bonaventure. The article attempts to show that, in Guardini's thinking, the relational conception of the human person is closely connected with Trinitarian theology. Only in the light of faith in the Triune God does the dialogical essence of human existence become clearer.


A study on modeling, scheduling and optimal control problems for a class of hybrid manufacturing systems is investigated. In this framework, the discrete entities have a state characterized by a temporal component whose evolution is described by event-driven dynamics and a physical component whose evolution is described by continuous time-driven dynamics, thus it is a typical hybrid system. Not only the optimal control for manufacturing processes like that discussed in many references but also the optimal machining sequence are considered. The whole problem is solved by a two-level optimization method: in the inner level, for any given machining sequence of the jobs, the optimal control for the manufacturing process is considered, which is a nonsmooth, nonconvex optimization problem in the general case; while at the outer level, we use an improved genetic algorithm to decide the optimal machining sequence of a batch of jobs to be processed. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the validity of our algorithm.


One of the first steps in a high glucose mediated endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients is induction of adhesion molecules on the endothelial xells surface. Effects of metformin, insulin and combination administration in condition of elevated glucose on cell adhesion molecules of human aortic endothelial cells was investigated.


The subjective nature of human thought, preference, and sense of relevance will continue to thwart ranked lists and predictive agents, regardless of the quality and quantity of data. We can side-step these human obstacles by viewing search as collaborative process between humans and computers and allowing humans to use their subjective judgement in navigating an objectively organized tree of results. With the application of knowledge-based methods we can categorize the results of search, but then also use these hierarchical categories as the basis for a browsing tool. We present theoretical and experimental evaluation of an IR system for retrieval of medical articles. The PifMed system presents medline results to the user, categorized by the mesh terminology and hierarchically browsable. Practical evaluation conducted by within-group controlled experiments of a prototype system show a mean speed increase of 26 seconds and a strong user preference when directly compared to PubMed. Theoretical evaluation argues a move from lists to trees, is a move from a browsing structure to a navigation structure, and likens the shift to parallel the shift from list search to tree search, where the users' subjectivity is the comparator.