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In a typical C.K. Williams poem, nothing is certain but contempt for certainty. No matter how packed with stuff and stories, a Williams poem not only dramatizes thought, it becomes thought. Any receptive reader -- especially an introspective one -- will recognize the mental acrobatics his speakers put themselves through.
Born Charles Kenneth Williams in 1936, the poet won the 2003 National Book Award for "The Singing" and the Pulitzer Prize three years earlier for "Repair." Terrific as those books are, 1983's "Tar" (especially its astounding title poem) and "Flesh and Blood," winner of the 1987 National Book Critics Circle Award, are the volumes that permanently rearranged our nation's aesthetic furniture.
Using a Walt Whitman- and Allen Ginsberg-inspired long, free-verse line, Williams demonstrated a fresh way of rendering the passion of intellect, the contortions of the psyche and the chaos of emotion.
On the whole, "Writers Writing Dying" is both lighter and more despairing than all Williams' earlier collections. Its 27 poems begin with "Whacked," and its goofy learnedness is new:
Every morning of my life I sit at my desk getting whacked by some great poet or other.
Some Yeats, some Auden, some Herbert or Larkin, and lately a whole tribe of others --
oi!--younger than me. Whack! Wiped out, every day . . . I mean since becoming a poet.
The poem wends its long-lined way to a rueful conclusion, which a less masterly poet would make maudlin:
. . . if I could lie down like a mare giving birth, arm in my own uterine channel to tug out another,
one more, only one more, poor damp little poem, then I'll be happy -- I promise, I swear.
Much of the rage and grief in this collection is directed at the current state of American politics and culture. Long a political poet -- only in the United States does this diminishing label exist -- Williams often bears fierce and damning witness to the pointless horrors in American and European history. Sometimes, however, anger gets the better of craft, as in the flat, cliche reportage in this stanza from "Vile Jelly":
Because the whole state of Texas buys the same book,
the import of their distortions and falsehoods is wide.
The publishers take them into account,
so other states' schoolbooks are dumbed down as well.
But turn to "The Invisible Nuns, Sister John, and the Saint," and you find this excoriation of false piety:
"Venomous, poisonous, endlessly hateful," the Saint howls again,
with his voice, his breath, his strength, his poison, his wrath,
as he sails in his wave-beaten, wave-bitten barque in search
of the Isle of True Faith, where none dwell, as well knows Sister John,
not the "everlastingly chaste," nor the "silken and silver garbed rich."
"Only," she'd cry and accuse "the dark, dire divine of the slum."
At 76, C.K. Williams remains one of our most necessary, vital poets. His work continues to surprise, exalt and instruct in equal, passionate measure. Long may his lines unfurl.
John Repp is a poet and critic in Erie, Pa.


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Motorcycle racing has been at the centre of Julian's life since he first saw scrambling in black and white on the BBC's Grandstand in the early 1960s. After graduating, he worked in the trade and technical press for six years before persuading someone to give him a job on a motorcycle magazine. That was in 1980 and from then on Julian has been a motorcycle journalist.
In the late 1980s he was running a magazine that majored on racing when he was invited in to Eurosport's studios to see a motorcycle Grand Prix being broadcast. The regular commentator was stranded at another event so the producer gave Julian the microphone. From then on commentating was mixed with writing.
In the early 1990s Sky Sports started to broadcast the motorcycle GPs and handed control to producer Martin Turner, later to win satellite TV's first BAFTA. Motorcycle racing benefitted from the full range of modern TV technology for the first time, and Julian commentated with Keith Huewen. When Sky dropped the GPs and went with World Superbike in 1993 the team stayed together and for the next seven years brought the golden era of world Superbike and Carl Fogarty's championships to British bike fans.
When the BBC took over coverage of the World Superbike Championship in 2000, Julian moved back to Eurosport to commentate with Toby Moody on what was then still motorcycle Grand Prix. It was the same year that Valentino Rossi moved to the top class of racing, and Julian has commentated on all his races in what became the MotoGP class is 2002.
Although TV commentary became increasingly important in Julian's work, his first love has always been writing. He wrote the first history of the World Superbike Championship in 1998; it's now in its third edition. In 2004 he authored the first official MotoGP Season Review. The annual is in the shops only two weeks after the final GP of the year and well in time for the vital Christmas market. It has become an important record of the sport.
Away from books, Julian is the MotoGP correspondent of American website superbikeplanet.com and a columnist for the Japanese magazine Riders Club. His features appear in many motorcycle magazines worldwide.

subset: commoncrawl


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So the missus and yours truly are at this birthday party at the neighbour's. Which one you ask? Let me explain. Opposite our humble abode lives the sweetest woman in the world. Coming to think of it, she is exactly like that old woman in Rosemary's Baby. (Except for the devil worship and baby stealing bits of course. So far.) The dear Mrs. P is lively, caring and always eager for a quick daily chat in the little corridor outside. And she makes wonderful tea with lemon grass (tannis root?) and a crackerjack sali par eeda (thin potato fried strips with an egg cracked over them and fried. Or vice versa. It's a Parsi thing.)
Mrs. P also has a hybrid spiritual side to her: half mildly reformist Parsi and half whirling bhajan singing Art of Living adherent. So she has both a large knitted portrait of Lord Zoraster on the wall and a little picture of the one with two Sri-s. She also has tons of old furniture and precious looking china in cabinets that I am sure is worth a truck load of cash on Ebay. Exactly the sort of things that old people routinely bequeath to their young neighbours in their wills. (Fingers crossed. Wait patiently ye private wealth management people.)
So last week she asks us to attend a party she was throwing on her birthday. "You must come Sidin and missus. It will be a fun birthday party!" And in order to further kindle our enthusiasm to never seen before heights she continued: "Everyone from the satsang is coming!"
Now I have nothing against the Art of Living types. Most of the committed satsangis I know are nice, peaceful people. The kind this world needs much more of, no doubt. Yet the average satsangi isn't the sort of person the author or his wife normally part-ays with. And of course the satsangis here were going to be at least 50 years old. We both nodded and mumbled in that way we all do when we want to say no, have to say yes and try to say nothing.
There I am exiting from the lift carrying a nice bouquet of roses and daffodils (not sure) for the neighbour lady when a man in an embroidered kurta immediately welcomes me with open arms, slightly bowed head and pleasing smile that screams "Extreme internal harmony and oneness with self all thanks to guruji". I tell him I need to pop home for a wash and will be over in a second. And then I sit cowering for the wife to arrive.
If you are one of those people who keep a running track of the ways in which men are different from women (and not just in that way though it is an interesting one). I have one more to add to that list: Woman have a natural ability to endure any social gathering even if it means eating large slabs of egg-less chocolate cake and sitting through kirtans and pujans after a refreshing day of risk management at the office. Things like bua's son's wedding, landlord's brother's shaadi and colleague's house warming. Married men have no idea what to do in these surroundings. We stand around in a corner trying to look sad and moody so no one (except chicken tikka bearing waiter) will talk to us and we don't have to explain why we gave up consulting to become a writer and such things. Or, even worse, explain why the Sensex is up and whether Suzlon is a good buy.
The wife, getting all woman-y, quickly drops her stuff and runs next door. I follow her a few minutes later when she called and told me I'd better pop over pronto or she would do something terrible to me (clue: rhymes with 'ditch flap'). I stand behind her, with my arms crossed over my chest and aloof. In front of us three dozen people milled around the birthday woman while a large chocolate cake was being cut into pieces and someone was giving out disposable party thaalis. Suddenly I see an old man chatting with the missus. I take a step back so as to avoid even over-hearing something and being sucked in. Suddenly, shudder, the wife turns around and points at me.
(Enter: Uncle from front right with wisdom of the ages gleaming in eyes. Also cake precariously balanced on plate.)
"So why did you give up consulting to become a writer son?" he asks me while the missus moves nimble-footedly around behind him and grins over his shoulder.
I try to tell him about creativity and imagination and making a difference.
"Do you know what is the problem with the Indian media?" he suddenly asks me. Oh crap. I knew, from that inflection in his voice which made it sound more like a statement and less like a question, that I was in trouble. "Of course uncle. I know the problem... it is terrible and I think we should spend a few moments now silently contemplating upon it and then perhaps meditating upon the solution?"
"Son... let me tell you EXACTLY what is wrong with Indian media. There are seven or eight things actually..."
The missus can barely keep a straight face. Little does she know two can play at this game.
(Sidin deftly swings uncle around by the elbow and plants him in front of unsuspecting missus who, meanwhile, is tucking into a heart portion of veg biryani.)
"...Uncle at this advanced stage in your career I am genuinely surprised, nay concerned, that you may have not planned for your retirement years. Missus why don't you tell uncle about that wonderful capital guarantee scheme you guys launched recently... the one that not only creates wealth but protects it too!"
If looks could kill I'd be a photo in one of those handouts they give away in church after the funeral. I walk away cake-wards while the missus begins to expound upon Section 80cc or some such.
As my wife explains capital guarantee to him I am approached by Mrs. P who asks me what I think of the party. "Oh the food is just superb aunty. And good show with the plastic plates. We don't want anything to happen to them china plates no?"
Suddenly, without a warning, I find uncle next to me. "So I hear you are a big fan of quality management. My company is getting ISO 14000 you know. We are very proud. Very proud. I am sure you must eager to know about ISO 14000..."
Ayayyo! ISO!
The smirk the missus had on her face. Punch? Counter punch!
"...Uncle did you just say you used to run a factory! Will the coincidences never stop? My wife used to live next to a factory in her childhood and many are the nights she has told me how she is dying to share those hundreds of memories with another like-minded soul... Missus! I have finally found someone who is simply jumping to talk about that factory in Ashok Vihar..."
The wife was not one to give up easily. A few moments later...
"Sidin... uncle was telling just telling me about his pest control company. Isn't it true you once caught malaria from the ancient (UNESCO heritage) toilets at the Mysore Palace and took a solemn pledge to further the cause of pest control till your last breath???!!!..."
Thus began an hour of the most fine verbal thrust and counter-thrust you will have heard in your lives.
"...indeed you raise a poignant issue about global warming. We are irreversibly destroying the world ... OH GOOD GOD MY PHONE WHICH I ALWAYS LEAVE ON VIBRATION IS THROBBING IN MY PANTS AND I MUST ANSWER IT... Missus will you keep my company with uncle while I answer this phone in the stairwell outside where the signal is best..."
"Uncle my husband is an eager student of the US Presidential elections. Perhaps you should discuss your opinions about the immaturity of Indian political reporting with Sidin who is in the kitchen eating cake..."
"While on the subject of India versus China, uncle, I am remembering my wife's recent trip to Hong Kong when she was able to get a holistic sense of the raison d'etre of the Chinese realpolitik.... MISSUS! UNCLE WANTS TO DISCUSS THE RAISON D'ETRE OF THE CHINESE REALPOLITIK... YOU KNOW, THAT THING YOU GOT A HOLISTIC SENSE OF!"
"Of course young people today have very little morals. I agree with you completely uncle. If you just read some of these blogs young people write today! By the guru, I swear they are all filthy. If only we had someone who knew blogging really well... Wait a goddamn minute here..."
Spare a moment here to reflect upon uncle's sheer unflappable conversational stamina. The man was going on and on, only stopping to pop a little channa puri into his mouth.
"... yes yes inflation is a serious problem in today's age and times. I have no idea how these banks manage with loans and all in this difficult scenario. Oh what a coincidence! You won't believe who in this room used to work in a bank before she moved to insurance!"
And on and on it went till I finally had to do something that had a fifty-fifty chance of working. I told him which business school I graduated from.
WAIT! Stop saying all those "He is such a pompous prick after all!" type things to yourself. The thing is this: when I reveal that morsel of information one of two things happen. Either people completely clamp up and go silent, or they have a million new things to ask. (I have been told this is because they either immediately hate me and assume my is IQ in the mid 1000s, or they go ga-ga and want to know everything about life at the IIMs inspite of the fifteen "MBA lit" books that are out there. Even a new one apparently titled "Watch out! We are MBA!". Sigh. I don't know what to say.)
Uncle immediately went quiet. He never spoke again after that. To either of us I mean.
We partook of our channa puri, biryani, cake (eggless) and quietly made an exit after handing over my bouquet.
The tension at home simmered for a few minutes before we both declared a truce and went back to our favourite past-time of late: two-player golf on the PS2. (So much potential for innuendo-laden golf jokes. I know. But the wife proof reads all blogs. And this is, at worst, a PG-13 blog.)
And, if you're wondering, the wife picked Annika Sorenstam and whipped this blogger's ass by 14 strokes. (Ha!)
Aunty had a wonderful birthday of course. And we have passed on all your kind regards to her.
P.S. The MBA book news is true:
Nakul Kapoor walks into a premier B-School in Mumbai, Nurturing huge ambition, albeit with little direction. Soon he develops a circle of friends, each of who is a world apart from one another. Yet, there is an apparent force which keeps them together - a bond that heralds a joyous journey ahead.
And please to find a recipe for sali par eeda here. The pictures are wonderful. Food porn if you will.


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How to Move Files and Folders in Mac OS X Lion
You can move Mac OS X Lion files and folders around within a window to your heart's content as long as that window is set to icon view. Just click and drag any file's icon to its new location in the window.
You can't move icons around in a Mac OS X Lion window that is displayed in list, column, or Cover Flow view. Well, you can move them to put them in a different folder in list, column, or Cover Flow view, but that's not moving them around, really.
As you might expect from Apple, you have choices for how you move one file or folder into another folder. You can use these techniques to move any icon (folder, document, alias, or program icon) into folders or onto other disks.
Drag an icon onto a folder icon. Drag the icon for one folder (or file) onto the icon for another folder (or disk) and then release when the second icon is highlighted. The first folder is inside the second folder. Put another way, the first folder is a subfolder of the second folder.
This technique works regardless of whether the second folder's window is open.
Drag an icon into an open folder's window. Drag the icon for one folder (or file) into the open window for a second folder (or disk).
If you want to move an item from one disk to another disk, you can't use the preceding tricks. Your item is copied, not moved. If you want to move a file or folder from one disk to another, you have to hold down the Command key when you drag an icon from one disk to another. The little Copying Files window even changes to read Moving Files.


text: Paris has been open continually for 6 years now, though currently going through a period of renewal. Mortal spheres currently still open. Come taste the wine that is Paris, and consider the setting for when the Second Chronicle opens to fully bring back all the spheres in new stories built upon the old. Come play where your actions have consequences, where creativity is rewarded. And tell Saffron that Claudine got pushy and posted. :)


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RiteCare Speech and Language Clinics
RiteCare Clinics of Nebraska provide speech therapy for children who exhibit communication delays. Our child-centered, family-friendly process involves parents as partners in each child's individual treatment for long-term success at home, in school and beyond. We work with kids who are not meeting specific speech and language developmental milestones.
Nebraska's RiteCare Clinics have been providing clinical services for children in Nebraska for more than 40 years, with locations in Omaha, Lincoln, Hastings, and Kearney.
Services are provided at no cost to families, thanks to the generous support of Nebraska's Scottish Rite Masons and our community of donors.
Nebraska's Scottish Rite Masons
Nebraska's RiteCare Clinics are proud to be among 178 speech-language therapy clinics, centers, and programs founded and supported by the Scottish Rite Masons in the United States. Nebraska's Scottish Rite Masons contribute over $650,000 each year toward speech and therapy services for Nebraska children.


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Ed Sheeran's Lawsuit With Marvin Gaye Heirs Heading To Trial
Ed Sheeran will have to face a jury in a copyright infringement lawsuit that alleges that he copied elements of Marvin Gaye's "Let's Get It On" for his 2014 hit, "Thinking Out Loud." Judge Louis Stanton recently ruled against Sheeran's request to dismiss the suit and insisted that a jury should decide whether he and bosses at Sony/ATV Music Publishing and Atlantic Records should be liable. [More]


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Dog Space Problem?
When I hear someone opine how much they love dogs but don't have enough space to take care of one, I wonder, is this a space problem or a laziness problem? Although there are many unique challenges to raising dogs in the city, space does not have to be one of them. Dogs are time intensive, not space intensive. While fostering dogs, one of the most common excuse or reason I hear from people about why they don't have dogs or why they can't volunteer to be foster parents is because they don't have a backyard or the "space". I want to shed some light on this issue and squash this misconception.
Is Home Space That Important for Your Dog?
Dogs are scavengers and foragers that love to walk, journey, explore and to be outside, not in a big fancy house, an apartment or in a fenced in backyard playing by themselves, with little human interaction. Furthermore, there is no better way to bond with your best friend than to take a dog walk together. This is a wonderful opportunity for you to socialize your dog with other people, pets, animals, nature, inanimate objects, sounds smells, sights and noises all while positive reinforcement dog training. Experience life together and establish that unbreakable connection where your pup looks to you for direction and to please you. This is established and solidified on walks with your dog, not by leaving them alone or in a backyard to do as they please. A large backyard or a large house where the stereotypical pet parent "checks out" and lets their dog/s do whatever it is that they want, makes it easy to lose this valuable opportunity to socialize, train, exercise and experience the world together. Without walks together and proper dog training and education your dog is doomed to have socialization or behavior problems down the road. Enrichment is vital for a healthy dog. Space is relative and not as important for dogs as it is perceived for humans.
Dogs are den animals; they enjoy nestling and crawling into small, dark spaces. If there was a television show, such as MTV Cribs, for dogs, instead of a multimillion dollar ostentatious, immense mansions with scented perfumes pumped through the air ducts, with marble floors in Beverly Hills, there would be a small crate or dog house that provided shelter, clean water, had a comfortable dirt or grass floor and the scent of the choice would be a real smelly fish or dead carcass perfume. This innate behavior is in a dog's DNA. They are not superficial or materialistic like humans (one of the reasons we love them so much) nor do dogs care what style sweater they wear or what their new collar or leash looks like, they simply want to bond with you, go for long walks, get trained, learn, be enriched, love and be loved and to be with you. Food, water, shelter, mental and physically exercise, learning, love and affection, that's what's important. If your home is big enough for you, it is big enough for your dog. Dogs can live in far smaller spaces then humans can.
So enough with the fallacy that you have no space to make a difference and foster or adopt a dog, because you do. As far as exercise goes, the only thing a dog needs is your time to train and walk with them and you will have a much happier dog living in a small apartment in Manhattan verses a dog that lives in a McMansion with a big back yard with a human that doesn't spend the time walking and bonding with them. Some words to live by; if it's comfortable for you, it's more than comfortable for your dog!
Written by shelter dogs everywhere.
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Wanna immortalize the most beautiful moments of your life? Hire a professional fine art destination photographer that will know how to capture in a timeless way your emotions and provide you with tailored services and that will deliver you the pictures digital files for unlimited prints.
Here are some weddings and photoshoots from the past years.
These samples show photos from weddings and engagement shoots, baby belly and newborn photographs, as well as bachelorette parties, family sessions, portrait shoots in Paris or elsewhere in France.


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N.B. Please be aware that the bushfires are leading to delays with some shipments at the moment (stock coming in, and orders we've sent).
Expert. Ultimate Control. Colour Accuracy.
Spyder5ELITE monitor calibration will achieve the highest level of control to ensure the most accurate and true monitor color.
Expert Colour Accuracy
Expert colour calibration for laptops, desktops and projectors with room light monitoring and unlimited settings for gamma, white point and advanced gray balancing, for ultimate control of your colour workflow.
True colours – on screen and in print
Break free from the frustration of your prints not matching your screen. Spyder5ELITE determines optimal monitor brightness so you can see the fine shadow details and highlights in your photos, ensuring your edited images match your prints.
Room Light Monitoring
Spyder5ELITE has an integrated room light sensor that continually measures your unique lighting conditions and alerts you if there's been a change among five ambient light levels. You can then choose to either modify your calibration settings or adjust your room lighting, to assure optimal colour accuracy, both on screen and in print.
Easy to Use
Spyder5ELITE's calibration process is fast and easy. A step-by-step wizard with additional advanced options, guides you through the calibration process, then through evaluating your image. Evaluate your monitor's colour accuracy monthly using CheckCAL and then if needed, run ReCAL to recalibrate in minutes. In terms of calibration tools, it doesn't get any easier.
Tomorrow's Technology
Next generation Spyder technology comes with a colorimeter that is compact, portable and protected. We've redesigned Spyder's patented 7-detector optical engine to deliver up to a 55% improvement in tonal response, resulting in more accurate shadow detail and smoother gradients.
Personalized "Before and After" with SpyderProof
See the nuances that matter most with a "Before and After" evaluation of your calibration results in full screen mode using your own photograph, or with a professional Datacolor composite image. The choice is yours. Designed for the way photographers work, SpyderProof gives you confidence that your displays achieve precise colour accuracy.
Advanced Control for Matching Multiple Displays
SpyderMatch and SpyderTune are two advanced features that allow you to fine-tune all of your studio monitors by matching Brightness, White Point, and Gamma. These controls give you the ultimate flexibility to make each of your monitors look identical.
Expert Control
With features like fine-tune gray calibration and unlimited choices for gamma, white point, and luminance, Spyder5ELITE gives you the ultimate control in color calibration resulting in a perfectly calibrated monitor. Whether you use the simple step-by-step wizard or the Expert Console, you can be confident that you are using the best tool available to ensure the colors you see on screen are accurate and your prints match.
Display Analysis
Spyder5ELITE includes a powerful module that lets you fully characterize your monitor, and track its performance over time with reporting. The software allows you to compare gamuts between displays and standard colour spaces, analyze and graph luminance and colour uniformity, map tone response curves, and measure and graph display accuracy against SpyderCHECKR color targets. These tools give you an easy way to monitor and compare the overall health and performance of your laptop and desktop monitors over time.
Calibrator Technology
Display Technology Support
LCD (CCFL Backlight)
LCD (LED Backlight)
Front Projector
Multiple Display Support?
Please note: Specifications are provided as a guide only.
We try very hard to keep these up to date and correct, but if a particular specification is really critical to you, then please double check the specification directly with the manufacturer. Some features may of course have caveats not fully described here.
To get more information about a particular specification, use the arrow to get a 'Specxplanation'.
Calibrators come in two main types:
Colorimeters - can only read light emitting devices, like monitors. They are generally the best (and most affordable) option for calibration monitors. Essentially these are like simple digital cameras with a sensor and some filters in front of the sensor to separate the different colours of light.
Spectrophotometers - These measure the actual spectral wavelengths of light. They have their own light source so can handle both light emitting devices like monitors and reflective materials like paper. They're very good at print but not as good as colorimeters for monitors generally, as they have some difficulty reading deep shadows on monitors.
A third type 'Spectrocolorimeter' - is something Datacolor came up with in their print calibrators. We at Image Science are not huge fans.
Calibrators have filters in them and depending on the characteristics of the displays they are measuring, they may or may not support that type of display.
The display types are:
What colour temperarture choices for white point does the system allow you to make?
At a minimum, 6500K and monitor native should be offered. 6500K is the standard whitepoint in general use in the photographic world, and lower end monitors don't like having their whitepoint adjusted so monitor native is the best to use in those cases.
However, ideally you can set any whitepoint you like, so that you can, for instance, adjust your monitor to look more like specific paper types.
What gammas can you choose when calibrating?
Pretty much everyone should be using 2.2.
Some might want to experiment with L* in some obscure cases.
How many patches are used (measured) in the calibration process? More (to a point) is better from a quality point of view, although it makes the process take longer of course.
200 to 400 patches is generally enough.
Also - can the calibrator target the reproduction of specific colours, such as specific Pantones?
Uniformity is still an issue with modern LCD monitors, especially lower quality ones. Does the calibrator have a system for assessing the screen uniformity?
(Unfortunately there's no system for correcting screen uniformity issues, other than getting a better monitor!)
Can you calibrate multiple monitors connected to the one computer?
Note, even if the calibarator supports this, your system must as well. This means all video cards in your system must have a separate LUT table.
All Macs have this, and most desktop PCs as well. Some PC laptops have single LUT systems although it's been some time since we've seen this actually.
ICC V2 is the most compatible and in fact for monitors there's really no practical benefit to ICC V4 support really.
In general, table based profiles are more accurate than matrix profiles, so this is desirable.
Devices with a monitor history report can show you how the behaviour of your screen is changing over time.
This can be useful in diagnosing issues and planning hardware upgrades.
Will the system give you a report on the quality of your monitor?
Measuring a monitor's quality with the same device you used to calibrate it is of dubious benefit, though - as any error is likely to be repeated, so the device might well report that things are fine when they are not.
Can you use the calibrator with an app on your Apple i device or Android device?
Note, this will allow you to display calibrated images within that app only - there is no general support for colour management on mobiles/tablets yet.
DisplayCAL is an open source application built on top of the excellent argyll cms open source colour management system.
It is available for Linux, Windows and OSX.
It's an extremely good calibration package, in many ways better than the manufacturer's own software, and well worth checking out - see this comprehensive page for details.
Often DisplayCAL can be used to rescue older calibrators when the manufacturer has stopped supporting legacy operating systems.
Please Note:
We keep these details up to date to the best of our knowledge.
However if a particular item is of special importance to you please also check the manufacturer's listing for the product.
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We answer all enquiries, and promptly too!
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Hand curated articles, links and downloads to help you get the best from your DataColor Spyder5 Elite.
Need technical support? Use the form to above send us an enquiry or if it's urgent, call us on 03 9329 4522.
At Image Science we support what we sell & we really mean that.
You're welcome to call on us for help - how to, technical support, troubleshooting, general tips - for the entire lifetime of the product.
With an unmatched track record for support, for more than 15 years in this industry, you can be sure we're not just a box moving store.


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With an overall population of 77,145 and a student population of 38,972, approximately 24,576 of Kalamazoo students attend one of Kalamazoo's schools that offer healthcare administration programs.
The largest healthcare administration school in Kalamazoo, by student population, is Western Michigan University. In 2010, approximately 97 students graduated from the Healthcare Administration program at Western Michigan University.
A reported 97 students graduated with credentials in healthcare administration in Kalamazoo in 2010. If you decide to join their ranks, you can expect to pay an average of $20,298 per year in tuition if you are eligible for instate tuition. Out of state tuition for all Kalamazoo healthcare administration schools was an average of $31,418 per year in 2009.
You should also anticipate spending about $1,000 for healthcare administration related books and supplies every year. And if you live on campus at one of the Kalamazoo-based healthcare administration schools, you will have an added expense of $7,784 per year, on average, for room and board. Students who live at home can cut this cost down to approximately $13,770.
If you decide to work as a healthcare administrator in Kalamazoo, your job prospects are good. There were 9,560 healthcare administrators working in Michigan and 350 working in the greater Kalamazoo area in 2010. Kalamazoo's healthcare administrator workforce is projected to increase by 13% by the year 2018. This projected change is slower than the projected nationwide trend for healthcare administrators.
The average salary you can expect to earn as a healthcare administrator in Kalamazoo is $78,830 per year. This is higher than the state-wide average salary for healthcare administrators.
1903 West Michigan Avenue, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5167
Awards Offered:
Bachelor's degree
Postbaccalaureate certificate
Master's degree
Post-master's certificate


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Beverage Manufacturers Face a Number Of Challenges When Using Botanicals
Manufacturers are finding increasing demand for botanical remedies is both a national and international trend.
After water, tea is the second most consumed beverage globally. But tea drinking historically has lagged in the U.S., even though it may hold the Asian secret to longevity and good health.
As July 4 approaches, one can't help but reflect that a tax on tea in the Colonies was the impetus for our rebellion from Great Britain in 1776. In Tea Lover's Treasury, author James Norwood Pratt relates this story: En route to sign the Declaration of Independence, John Adams wrote his wife Abigail that he asked at a tavern, "Is it lawful for a weary traveler to refresh himself with a dish of tea, provided it has been honestly smuggled and has paid no duty?" The landlord's daughter answered sternly: "No sir! We have renounced tea under this roof. But, if you desire it, I will make you some coffee."
American attitudes are changing. An aging U.S. population with disease prevention on its mind, including some 77 million baby boomers, has embraced beverages such as tea as part of a holistic lifestyle. Many believe the antioxidants, botanicals and herbs not only quench their thirst but aid their hearts with anti-inflammatory benefits, improve immunity, aid digestion, provide energy, detox their systems and help them relax.
"Look for the emergence of a new category of tea products: tea-infused waters and tea energy drinks," predicts Joseph Simrany, president of the New York City-based Tea Association of the U.S.A. Inc. "In addition, look for tea-infused alcoholic and malt beverage specialties."
Herbs and botanicals
Sales of single-serve ready-to-drink (RTD) teas, energy drinks (containing ginseng, ginkgo biloba and guarana), carbonated soft drinks and juices carrying functional claims drove the market to $23 billion, according to "Functional and Natural Ready-to-Drink Beverages in the U.S.," a report by Packaged Facts (www.packagedfacts.com).
Such beverages provide a convenient delivery system of herbs and botanicals, making them easier to consume than supplements and certainly more enjoyable. But processors face a number of challenges when using botanicals. An efficacious dose of some botanicals can taste bitter, so those off notes must be masked; regulatory questions about health claims must be considered; and sourcing from reliable suppliers is of utmost importance since most botanicals are grown outside the U.S.
It's also notable that a new wave of beauty-enhancing cosmeceutical (or beauty from within) botanical products are focusing attention on looking younger without Botox.
Increasing demand for botanical remedies is both a national and international trend. In fact, the global herbal supplement and remedies market is expected to reach $93 billion by 2015, according to a new report by Global Industry Analysts Inc. (www.strategyr.com).
"One of the most persistent myths promulgated by the media and other parties is that the herb and dietary supplement industries are not regulated," writes Mark Blumenthal, founder and executive director of American Botanical Council (www.herbalgram.org) Austin, Texas, and editor of HerbalGram.
"While people can argue whether federal and state regulatory agencies adequately or uniformly enforce all existing laws and regulations, an objective view of the situation leads only to the conclusion that the industry is indeed regulated. Consider the many authorities for the regulation of herbs and other dietary supplements and their ingredients -- from Good Manufacturing Practices to limits on products' claims, and much, much more."
While health concerns, especially childhood obesity, are taking some of the effervescence out of carbonated soft drink (CSD) sales, sodas with botanical ingredients are still growing. "Premium sodas made with herbs and spices and sweetened with cane sugar or agave continue to gain market share," according to Tom Vierhile, innovation insights director at Datamonitor (www.datamonitor.com), New York.
One example is Joia, launched last June by Minneapolis-based Boundary Waters Brands (www.joialife.com). The four varieties of Joia each include a fruit, an herb and a spice. They are Lime, Hibiscus & Clove; Pineapple, Coconut & Nutmeg; Grapefruit, Chamomile & Cardamom; and Blackberry, Pomegranate & Ginger.
Sipp Eco Beverage Co. (www.haveasipp.com), Uwchland, Pa., makes five varieties of soda, including Lemon Flower, a mix of lemon, sweet elderberry, tarragon and agave nectar.
Tizane claims to be the nation's first line of premium organic botanical beverages, having debuted in 2008 from Island Infusions, LLC (www.tizane.com). Varieties are Hibiscus (hibiscus flower, rose hips, anise seed, spearmint leaf, lemon balm and blue agave nectar), Lemongrass (lemongrass, hibiscus flower, anise seed, lemon balm, eucalyptus), and Jasmine (jasmine flower, hibiscus flower, linden leaf and flower, and blue agave nectar).
"Tizane botanicals take you to a new destination in taste," says co-founder and CEO Charlie Pucciariello. "They bring out the full flavor, aroma, color and nutrients of the botanicals in their true, natural state. Plus Tizane beverages aren't teas, so they're totally caffeine-free."
But teas and botanicals are a natural match. The Republic of Tea (www.republicoftea.com), Novato, Calif., blends the two in Super Tea Boosters, which can be blended into liquids rather than dissolved like most instant powders, providing more antioxidant value. The finely ground herbal supplement gives an antioxidant boost to juices, smoothies, yogurt, milk and more.
Varieties include: Tropical Hibiscus (Nigerian hibiscus blossoms infused with natural pineapple and lychee) with an ORAC value of 769 per half-teaspoon serving; Açaí Green Super Tea Booster (green tea and açaí) with an ORAC value of 1,429 per serving; and Double Dark Chocolate Maté Super Tea Booster (organic Brazilian roasted maté and organic dark chocolate) with an ORAC value of 893.
Botanicals are having an impact in foodservice, as well. At San Francisco's The Ice Cream Bar, which opened in January, all soda flavors derive from botanicals. "It's where people got flavor before artificial flavorings," says owner Juliet Pries, who counts 24 house-made extracts (bergamot, rosewood, sassafras) and more than 75 tinctures at the bar.
"Restaurants might serve dandelion leaves instead of regular greens," she says (dandelion is said to help with detoxification, as are burdock and milk thistle), "or chamomile in desserts to replace the traditionally relaxing chamomile tea at the end of a meal."
Companies are turning toward herbs and botanicals to add function and flavor in restaurants and bars. According to the MenuMonitor database from Chicago-based Technomic Inc. (www.technomic.com), in the fourth quarter of 2011 the top herbs and spices used in non-alcohol beverage menu descriptions were ginger, mint, cinnamon, peppermint, lavender, sage, lemongrass, cardamom, salt and basil.
Many of those non-alcoholic beverages were teas, but some were carbonated soft drinks and juices. For adult beverages, the top herbs and spices were mint, ginger, cinnamon, salt, basil, sage, black pepper, anise, nutmeg and peppermint.


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Additional Information
The Ambrose ½ Zip Neck Knit has been constructed from pure cotton for breathable comfort. Exceptionally smart in distinctive block colourways, it is easy to integrate into any wardrobe. A zip allows for the neck to be opened on milder days.
100% Cotton Cashmere Touch, 7gg
Explore all features:
- Red Yacht branding
- Neck zip to allow for ventilation when needed
- Ribbed hem and cuffs for a tailored silhouette
- Ribbed collar detail
- 7 gauge knit
Ratings and Reviews
Ambrose 1/2 Zip Neck Knit


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Join us at Paradise Valley United Methodist Church for a film premiere of Unity Productions Foundation's new docudrama: "The Sultan and the Saint" on Sunday, May 7 at 7 pm. Meet for a reception at 7 pm, and join us in the sanctuary for the screening at 7:30 pm. This is a PG-13 movie.
Film Screening
The Sultan and the Saint film tells one of the great, lost stories from history. Two men of faith, one a traveling Christian preacher, Saint Francis of Assisi, the other the ruler of a Muslim Empire, Sultan Al-Kamil of Egypt, who met during the Fifth Crusade and were each transformed in notable ways. Set in a past period of religious conflict, it speaks with urgency to our present. Watch the film to learn how this interfaith meeting helped stop the bloodshed.
The film is narrated by Academy Award Winner Jeremy Irons. Read reviews of the film and read stories of Muslim-Christian peace at https://www.sultanandthesaintfilm.com/
Movie Discussion
After the movie screening, we invite you to stay for a discussion led by one of the producers, Jawad Abdul Rahman. Unity Productions Foundation works to promote peace through media by telling stories about Muslims. They work in Hollywood, and create dialogues.
Registration Required – Tickets are Free
Tickets are free, however, registration is required at www.SultanSaintPhoenix.Eventbrite.com
Parents please note: The film contains some scenes of violence and may not be appropriate for children under 12. Please use your own discretion. If you need childcare, please call 602.840.8360, ext 134 at least 48 hours in advance to reserve childcare. We offer free, quality childcare for up to two hours while you are on campus. Spaces are limited, so reserve your child's spot today. If you need to cancel, even at the last minute, call the number again.
Watch the trailer here:
Spread the Word
Please spread the word and invite your friends. This event is expected to be sold out, so register early. Open seating. All are welcome.
A reception at 7 pm outside the Paradise Valley United Methodist Church sanctuary will precede the 7:30 pm film premiere. Space will be available for Maghrib prayer.
Sponsored By:
Islamic Speakers Bureau of Arizona
Paradise Valley United Methodist Church
Cadry & Donna Genena
Guidance Residential of Arizona


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R E Thompson & Co. (Vacuum) Ltd
5-Axis Machining
CNC TURNING with 5 Axis Vertical Machining Capability
The NTX1000SZM is a twin-spindle CNC lathe with five axes vertical milling capability with an automatic tool-changer and a bottom turret to allow machining on both spindles simultaneously.
This machine has a one metre bar loader for up to 65mm through spindle machining. The NTX1000 SZM is a high-precision, high-efficiency integrated mill turn centre with a very advanced construction to reduce the effects of thermal displacement and has a 40% smaller footprint than the competition. It is capable of high-precision, multi-axis turning as well as five-axis machining; therefore all components within the size envelope of the machine can be produced in one machining operation.
Maximum turned diameter: 370mm. Maximum turned length: 424mm.
Parts can be unloaded behind the sub-spindle - the spindle swings over 180 degrees to drop the component on to the conveyor.
Below are some examples of components we have machined at RE Thomspon:
CNC 5 Axis Vertical Machining with CNC Turning Capability
- NMV-3000-DCG with a machine envelope up to 350mm diameter x 300mm high.
It has a turning capability as the turntable can be spun up to 3,000 rpm.
- NMV-8000-DCG with a machine envelope up to 1,000mm x 800mm x 500mm high.
It has a turning capability as the turntable can be spun up to 300 rpm.
- Both machines are automated to enable un-manned running for 24 hours per day.
- These machines are designed to be flexible in terms of batch size and style of component.


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Just a short note on the items I just received today: The quality is absolutely extraordinary! Thank you!
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Some popular McDonald's Happy Meal toy collectibles are The Clone Wars bobble heads, Madden 15 figurines, Smurfs toys and the Walt Disney World "100 Years of Magic" figurines that represent classic Disney characters like Ariel, Belle, Beast, Aladdin, Alice, Br'er Bear, Buzz Lightyear, Daisy Duck, Chip and Dale and Dumbo. McDonald's also has a line of Madame Alexander Happy Meals dolls that have become collector's items and include Cool Cathy, Little Red Riding Hood, Peter Pan, Hannah Pepper, Lady Bug Girl, Rapunzel, Ring Carrier, Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Princess Jasmine, Team Mates, Cowardly Lion and Wicked Witch of the West, according to Happy Toy Depot.
Other popular McDonald's Happy Meal toy collectibles are the 101 Dalmatians and 102 Dalmatians play sets, Action Man play sets, Aladdin and the King of Thieves play sets and Babe the Pig plush toys. Barbie Happy Meal dolls, Battlebots, Beast Machines, Beauty and the Beast play sets, Country Bears figurines, Finger Boards play sets and Hello Kitty keychains are also popular collectibles.
Additional collectibles include Food Foolers play sets, Goofy Movie play sets, Hot Wheels, House of Mouse toys, Jungle Book figurines and Lego Motion Happy Meal sets. Littlest Pet Shop toys, Transformers play sets, Muppet Treasure Island, Sky Dancers play sets and Mighty Ducks pucks are also collectible McDonald's Happy Meal items, reports Happy Toy Depot.


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I'm teaching a course called "Dystopia and American Anxiety" this spring. The idea came to me while brainstorming with friends on Facebook. Because dystopia is a genre the frequently plays upon our fears and anxieties, it seemed fitting to put together a course specific to the American side of the skill. The following is the reading list for the course:
The Iron Heel by Jack London
The Gold Coast by Kim Stanley Robinson
Make Room! Make Room! by Harry Harrison
The Female Man by Joanna Russ
Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K. Dick
Short Stories
"A Sojourn in the City of Amalgamation" by Oliver Bolokitten
"The Lottery" by Shirley Jackson
"The Machine Stops" by E. M. Forster
"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" by Ursula K. Le Guin
"The Calorie Man" by Paolo Bacigalupi
"I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream" by Harlan Ellison
"Bloodchild" by Octavia Butler
Non-Fiction (critical texts, newspaper articles, and excerpts from various books)
"Theses on Dystopia 2001" by Darko Suvin
"Evidence against the views of the abolitionists: consisting of physical and moral proofs, of the natural inferiority of the Negroes" by Richard H. Colfax
"Introduction: Dystopia and Histories" from Dark Horizons by Raffaella Baccolini and Tom Moylan
"New Maps of Hell" from Scraps of the the Untainted Sky by Tom Moylan
"The Dystopian Turn" from Scraps of the Untainted Sky by Tom Moylan
"Overpopulation Threatens World" by Ralph Segman
"Overpopulation Called Deadlier Killer Than A-Bomb" by Unknown
"Monsanto's Harvest of Fear" by Donald L. Barlett and James B. Steele
"Farewell Address" by President Dwight D. Eisenhower
"Interview w/ Noam Chomsky" by David Barsamian
"Profits of War: The Fruits of the Permanent Military-Industrial Complex" by William Hartung
"The Delicate Balance of Terror" by Albert Wohlstetter
"Soviets to Renew Testing A-Weapons; Kennedy Sees Nuclear Holocaust" by Chalmers M. Roberts
"Smart Machines, and Why We Fear Them" by Astro Teller
Gender Trouble by Judith Butler
Thanks to everyone who helped with suggestions!


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Everybody knows that artists need stimulants to fuel their creativity
- booze, coffee,tea, inhaled stuff....
Long time readers of my blogs know what my stimulants are. However, given
the amount of activity on my desk lately, it has been difficult to sustain
myself with the usual, because of the steep prices and the fact that too much of
these things are bad for health.
Then I chanced on the recipe for a certain concoction here>>>
Yes, yes, it's great drunk with wholesome milk and all, but really, it
tastes best when you dig in with a large spoon. One, two and the high is
enough to last you till kingdom come.
It is healthy too - (Hershey's dark cocoa powder, organic jaggery and
cashewnuts). It satisfies my Indian predisposition towards the strong, dark and rich as
no jar full of Nutella every will. And oh my, the drawings are just flowing out :-)


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Recipe Name
Kale Chips
Not many people think of calcium when they look at their veggies, but kale (and other dark leafy greens) is an excellent source of calcium! These kale chips, which also are high in iron, are a tasty way to get a picky eater to eat their greens. In fact, they may not want to stop!
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Rinse kale and dry very well. Remove kale stems and tear into bite-sized pieces. Toss kale pieces in a bowl with olive oil.
Spread out on a baking sheet and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Bake for 15 minutes, or until crisp. Place baking sheet on a rack to cool.
Other possible toppings: shredded Parmesan cheese, sprinkle of nutritional yeast, pinch of cayenne pepper and squeeze of lime juice, sprinkle with tamari ... endless possibilities!


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The set of pressure cookers PRESTO DUO contains two vessels 4.0 + 6.0 l and a cover fitting both. The pressure cooker is made of high-grade stainless steel; it enables cooking at low or high pressure and is ideal for quick and economic cooking. The pressure cooker is provided with 4 cut-outs for safe use and solid handles. The three-layer sandwich bottom is suitable for all types of cooker - gas, electric, vitro-ceramic and induction cookers.Capacity: 4+6 lt
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"Son, don't ever lease a car. It's never a smart decision. You'll lose money, and you'll never be able to break the cycle once you start. You'll have a car payment forever."
That was my dad's advice to me ever since he started giving me car advice. That and, "Never buy a Chrysler. Unless you want the engine to blow up."
Fast-forward a couple decades, and I find out my parents got a new car, a 2012 Subaru Legacy. Then the kicker: "We got a really low lease payment on it," my dad said.
I just about blew some perfectly good rum and Coke right out my nose.
As it turns out, my brother had found a great lease deal on the same car just a week before. My parents loved the car, loved the payment, and called the same salesman. Within a couple days, they had signed the same deal on the exact same car.
I pressed my dad on what changed in his thinking to finally be open to a lease. His response was interesting. He said, "I loved the car, the price was right, and I've been paying monthly payments on used cars all my life. Why not finally get into something new instead?"
Good enough for me. As long as I can remember, my dad bought used cars from private parties. He liked being able to get them cheap compared with dealer prices, customize them, drive without mileage constraints and sell whenever he got the urge to find another used car. It worked for many years, but I guess the lure of that new-car smell and the comfort of being under a manufacturer's warranty finally won him over.
The conversation ended, as you might assume, when I asked how long before he gets a Chrysler.
"Oh, I'll never buy another Chrysler," he said.
Maybe not, Dad, maybe not. But I'll bet you might lease one.
Which do you prefer: buy new, buy used, or lease?
Find Used Cars in Your Area at CarGurus


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Pupusas Flores, Pupusas Orlando, Pupusas Salvadorenas, Food Grocery, Mayan Grill, Central American Cuisine? Am I the only one losing my marbles here? What exactly is this truck?
I stood in short line for about 7 minutes, when I got to the front I waited patiently for my turn to order. Someone walked up right in front of me with two little dogs, did not even bother to notice there was a line and placed an order. Oh well, I love dogs so I let it slide.
After ordering I waiting for what seemed like eternity, maybe a good half hour. People who came behind of me were getting their orders and mine still was being slaughtered. No acknowledgement, no pleasantries, nothing. For whatever reasons, as I looked on, it seems like there was some sort of unorganized chaos going on in the truck. The movements in there seems unrehearsed and confused. Hope this wasn't their first day on the job.
The truck itself is blue with a pyramid painted on the side, hints of it's roots. The necessary self promoting, social media icons, pictures, and menu showcased nicely. There was a table with empty sauce bottles, napkins, and plastic utensils.
"Super Macho" – Make it double! 2 Traditional Pupusas stuffed with Beans & Cheese topped with Steak & Pork. The pupusas were soft and delicate with bold flavors. However, they fell apart when picked up. Apart from the slight difference in color between beef and pork, they was nothing else that set these two meats apart.
There is a disclaimer on the menu that says "Special Order Additional waiting time required". Was my order considered "special"? That explains my wait time. I remembered the little yellow truck and how wonderfully delighted I was with my handful of goodies. This visit, no so much. If you are reading this, then you know how the Mayan Calendar's prediction went.


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In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of derivatives it has that are continuous. A smooth function is a function that has derivatives of all orders everywhere in its domain.
YouTube Encyclopedic
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- 1 Differentiability classes
- 2 Parametric continuity
- 3 Geometric continuity
- 4 Other concepts
- 5 See also
- 6 References
Differentiability classes
Differentiability class is a classification of functions according to the properties of their derivatives. Higher order differentiability classes correspond to the existence of more derivatives.
Consider an open set on the real line and a function f defined on that set with real values. Let k be a non-negative integer. The function f is said to be of (differentiability) class Ck if the derivatives f′, f′′, ..., f(k) exist and are continuous (the continuity is implied by differentiability for all the derivatives except for f(k)). The function f is said to be of class C∞, or smooth, if it has derivatives of all orders.[1] The function f is said to be of class Cω, or analytic, if f is smooth and if its Taylor series expansion around any point in its domain converges to the function in some neighborhood of the point. Cω is thus strictly contained in C∞. Bump functions are examples of functions in C∞ but not in Cω.
To put it differently, the class C0 consists of all continuous functions. The class C1 consists of all differentiable functions whose derivative is continuous; such functions are called continuously differentiable. Thus, a C1 function is exactly a function whose derivative exists and is of class C0. In general, the classes Ck can be defined recursively by declaring C0 to be the set of all continuous functions and declaring Ck for any positive integer k to be the set of all differentiable functions whose derivative is in Ck−1. In particular, Ck is contained in Ck−1 for every k, and there are examples to show that this containment is strict (Ck ⊊ Ck−1). C∞, the class of infinitely differentiable functions, is the intersection of the sets Ck as k varies over the non-negative integers (i.e. from 0 to ∞).
The function
is continuous, but not differentiable at x = 0, so it is of class C0 but not of class C1.
The function
is differentiable, with derivative
Because oscillates as x → 0, is not continuous at zero. Therefore, is differentiable but not of class C1. Moreover, if one takes (x ≠ 0) in this example, it can be used to show that the derivative function of a differentiable function can be unbounded on a compact set and, therefore, that a differentiable function on a compact set may not be locally Lipschitz continuous.
The functions
where k is even, are continuous and k times differentiable at all x. But at x = 0 they are not (k + 1) times differentiable, so they are of class Ck but not of class Cj where j > k.
The exponential function is analytic, so, of class Cω. The trigonometric functions are also analytic wherever they are defined.
The function
is smooth, so of class C∞, but it is not analytic at x = ±1, so it is not of class Cω. The function f is an example of a smooth function with compact support.
Multivariate differentiability classes
A function defined on an open set of is said[2] to be of class on , for a positive integer, if all partial derivatives
exist and are continuous, for every non-negative integers, such that , and every . The function is said to be of class or if it is continuous on .
A function , defined on an open set of is said to be of class on , for a positive integer, if all of its components
are of class , where are the natural projections defined by . It is said to be of class or if it is continuous, or equivalently if all components are continuous, on .
The space of Ck functions
Let D be an open subset of the real line. The set of all Ck functions defined on D and taking real values is a Fréchet vector space with the countable family of seminorms
where K varies over an increasing sequence of compact sets whose union is D, and m = 0, 1, ..., k.
The set of C∞ functions over D also forms a Fréchet space. One uses the same seminorms as above, except that m is allowed to range over all non-negative integer values.
The above spaces occur naturally in applications where functions having derivatives of certain orders are necessary; however, particularly in the study of partial differential equations, it can sometimes be more fruitful to work instead with the Sobolev spaces.
Parametric continuity
The terms parametric continuity and geometric continuity (Gn) were introduced by Barsky to show that the smoothness of a curve could be measured by removing restrictions on the speed with which the parameter traces out the curve.[3][4][5]
Parametric continuity is a concept applied to parametric curves describing the smoothness of the parameter's value with distance along the curve.
A (parametric) curve is said to be of class Ck if exists and is continuous on , where derivatives at the end-points are taken to be one sided derivatives, at from the right, and at from the left.
As an example of a practical application of this concept, a curve describing the motion of an object with a parameter of time, must have C1 continuity for the object to have finite acceleration. For smoother motion, such as that of a camera's path while making a film, higher orders of parametric continuity are required.
Order of continuity
The various order of parametric continuity can be described as follows:[6]
- C0: Curves are continuous
- C1: First derivatives are continuous
- C2: First and second derivatives are continuous
- Cn: First through nth derivatives are continuous
Geometric continuity
The concept of geometrical or geometric continuity was primarily applied to the conic sections and related shapes by mathematicians such as Leibniz, Kepler, and Poncelet. The concept was an early attempt at describing, through geometry rather than algebra, the concept of continuity as expressed through a parametric function.[7]
The basic idea behind geometric continuity was that the five conic sections were really five different versions of the same shape. An ellipse tends to a circle as the eccentricity approaches zero, or to a parabola as it approaches one; and a hyperbola tends to a parabola as the eccentricity drops toward one; it can also tend to intersecting lines. Thus, there was continuity between the conic sections. These ideas led to other concepts of continuity. For instance, if a circle and a straight line were two expressions of the same shape, perhaps a line could be thought of as a circle of infinite radius. For such to be the case, one would have to make the line closed by allowing the point x = ∞ to be a point on the circle, and for x = +∞ and x = −∞ to be identical. Such ideas were useful in crafting the modern, algebraically defined, idea of the continuity of a function and of ∞.[7]
Smoothness of curves and surfaces
A curve or surface can be described as having Gn continuity, n being the increasing measure of smoothness. Consider the segments either side of a point on a curve:
- G0: The curves touch at the join point.
- G1: The curves also share a common tangent direction at the join point.
- G2: The curves also share a common center of curvature at the join point.
In general, Gn continuity exists if the curves can be reparameterized to have Cn (parametric) continuity.[8][9] A reparametrization of the curve is geometrically identical to the original; only the parameter is affected.
Equivalently, two vector functions f(t) and g(t) have Gn continuity if f(n)(t) ≠ 0 and f(n)(t) ≡ kg(n)(t), for a scalar k > 0 (i.e., if the direction, but not necessarily the magnitude, of the two vectors is equal).
While it may be obvious that a curve would require G1 continuity to appear smooth, for good aesthetics, such as those aspired to in architecture and sports car design, higher levels of geometric continuity are required. For example, reflections in a car body will not appear smooth unless the body has G2 continuity.
A rounded rectangle (with ninety degree circular arcs at the four corners) has G1 continuity, but does not have G2 continuity. The same is true for a rounded cube, with octants of a sphere at its corners and quarter-cylinders along its edges. If an editable curve with G2 continuity is required, then cubic splines are typically chosen; these curves are frequently used in industrial design.
Smoothness of piecewise defined curves and surfaces
Other concepts
Relation to analyticity
While all analytic functions are "smooth" (i.e. have all derivatives continuous) on the set on which they are analytic, examples such as bump functions (mentioned above) show that the converse is not true for functions on the reals: there exist smooth real functions that are not analytic. Simple examples of functions that are smooth but not analytic at any point can be made by means of Fourier series; another example is the Fabius function. Although it might seem that such functions are the exception rather than the rule, it turns out that the analytic functions are scattered very thinly among the smooth ones; more rigorously, the analytic functions form a meagre subset of the smooth functions. Furthermore, for every open subset A of the real line, there exist smooth functions that are analytic on A and nowhere else.
It is useful to compare the situation to that of the ubiquity of transcendental numbers on the real line. Both on the real line and the set of smooth functions, the examples we come up with at first thought (algebraic/rational numbers and analytic functions) are far better behaved than the majority of cases: the transcendental numbers and nowhere analytic functions have full measure (their complements are meagre).
The situation thus described is in marked contrast to complex differentiable functions. If a complex function is differentiable just once on an open set, it is both infinitely differentiable and analytic on that set.
Smooth partitions of unity
Smooth functions with given closed support are used in the construction of smooth partitions of unity (see partition of unity and topology glossary); these are essential in the study of smooth manifolds, for example to show that Riemannian metrics can be defined globally starting from their local existence. A simple case is that of a bump function on the real line, that is, a smooth function f that takes the value 0 outside an interval [a,b] and such that
Given a number of overlapping intervals on the line, bump functions can be constructed on each of them, and on semi-infinite intervals (-∞, c] and [d, +∞) to cover the whole line, such that the sum of the functions is always 1.
From what has just been said, partitions of unity don't apply to holomorphic functions; their different behavior relative to existence and analytic continuation is one of the roots of sheaf theory. In contrast, sheaves of smooth functions tend not to carry much topological information.
Smooth functions on and between manifolds
Given a smooth manifold , dimension m, with atlas , then a map is smooth on M if for all there exists a chart , such that the pullback of by , denoted is smooth as a function from to in a neighborhood of (all partial derivatives up to a given order are continuous). Note that smoothness can be checked with respect to any preferred chart about p in the atlas, since the smoothness requirements on the transition functions between charts ensure that if is smooth about p in one chart it will be smooth about p in any other chart of the atlas. If instead is a map from to an n-dimensional manifold , then F is smooth if, for every p ∈ M, there is a chart about p in , and a chart about in with , such that is smooth as a function from Rm to Rn.
Smooth maps between manifolds induce linear maps between tangent spaces: for , at each point the pushforward (or differential) maps tangent vectors at p to tangent vectors at F(p): , and on the level of the tangent bundle, the pushforward is a vector bundle homomorphism: . The dual to the pushforward is the pullback, which "pulls" covectors on back to covectors on , and k-forms to k-forms: . In this way smooth functions between manifolds can transport local data, like vector fields and differential forms, from one manifold to another, or down to Euclidean space where computations like integration are well understood.
Preimages and pushforwards along smooth functions are, in general, not manifolds without additional assumptions. Preimages of regular points (that is, if the differential does not vanish on the preimage) are manifolds; this is the preimage theorem. Similarly, pushforwards along embeddings are manifolds.[10]
Smooth functions between subsets of manifolds
There is a corresponding notion of smooth map for arbitrary subsets of manifolds. If f : X → Y is a function whose domain and range are subsets of manifolds X ⊂ M and Y ⊂ N respectively. f is said to be smooth if for all x ∈ X there is an open set U ⊂ M with x ∈ U and a smooth function F : U → N such that F(p) = f(p) for all p ∈ U ∩ X.
See also
- Non-analytic smooth function
- Quasi-analytic function
- Spline
- Smooth number (number theory)
- Smoothing
- Sinuosity
- ^ Warner, Frank W. (1983). Foundations of Differentiable Manifolds and Lie Groups. Springer. p. 5 [Definition 1.2]. ISBN 978-0-387-90894-6.
- ^ Henri Cartan (1977). Cours de calcul différentiel. Paris: Hermann.
- ^ Barsky, Brian A. (1981). The Beta-spline: A Local Representation Based on Shape Parameters and Fundamental Geometric Measures (Ph.D.). University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
- ^ Brian A. Barsky (1988). Computer Graphics and Geometric Modeling Using Beta-splines. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3- 642-72294-3.
- ^ Richard H. Bartels; John C. Beatty; Brian A. Barsky (1987). An Introduction to Splines for Use in Computer Graphics and Geometric Modeling. Morgan Kaufmann. Chapter 13. Parametric vs. Geometric Continuity. ISBN 978-1-55860-400-1.
- ^ van de Panne, Michiel (1996). "Parametric Curves". Fall 1996 Online Notes. University of Toronto, Canada.
- ^ a b Taylor, Charles (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 674–675. . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.).
- ^ Barsky, Brian A.; DeRose, Tony D. (1989). "Geometric Continuity of Parametric Curves: Three Equivalent Characterizations". IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. 9 (6): 60–68. doi:10.1109/38.41470.
- ^ Hartmann, Erich (2003). "Geometry and Algorithms for Computer Aided Design" (PDF). Technische Universität Darmstadt. p. 55.
- ^ Guillemin, Victor; Pollack, Alan (1974). Differential Topology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-212605-2.


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She belonged to no man and to no city." - Roman Payne
The UK Blog Awards - The Ceremony
[Below photo: Myself, Caitlin, Laura, Suzy, Nadia, Katie, Gemma & Natasha]
In case you've been wondering where oh where have I been lately due the lack of posts and all that jazzy-jazz.. I've been wrapping up my final year at Central Saint Martins, which is where I've been studying my Art Foundation this past year, so I've been ultra busy with coursework, deadlines, exhibitions, evaluations, annotations, and so, so much more aaaaand I can now breathe. So yep - apologies for not posting as much as I'd have ideally liked, mad how fast that year went - so now I gots lots of time to do the other things I enjoy, which means more posts, woohoo!
Anywhos, now we know where I've been - this post is all about my night at the UK Blog Awards, what a mad night it was indeed. Unsure what the Blog Awards is? You can read my previous post about the voting process and all that here. It felt like such a long time waiting, myself and lots of other blogging nominee hopefuls had been itching for this event since late last year!! Friday the 25th of April saw the 'Oscars of Blogging' world take place in the heart of St. Pauls hotel, I gotta say, it is one swanky hotel.
With thanks to your votes - my blog was up for an award! As a newly-ish blogger, this is just the most exciting thing, I was up for 'Most Innovative' blog, thank you to those who voted for my blog - even though the event is now over, it still means oh so much! Still can't quite get my head round how I got through to the final 10 in the Most Innovative category, out of hundreds of entries, there I was, name published in the Blog Awards brochure - GAH, so humbled and grateful for your loveliness in voting for my blog! I do hope you enjoy this read of my nights adventure!
Last but not at all the least, a huge thank you to Gemma (Founder & Managing Director) and Becki (Collaborative Partner) for creating and organising such a wonderful event for us, all your hard work and passion sure did pay right off - thanks for creating these cherished memories!
So there we jolly well go, The UK Blog Awards is a wrap. But, but, but, not so fast.. The UK Blog Awards opens it's gates early this year - for a brand new reel of nominees, you could be part of the Blog Awards 2015! Head on back to The UK Blog Awards early in July 2014 for all the steps and info you'll need to enter - and a huge good luck if you go for it!
It's been such an awesome journey, and I've fo'sure met amazing people along the way.
I hope you've enjoyed reading all about my experience, hay - it could be you next year!
Have a lovely day.
With love,


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In Sin City, away from the Las Vegas casinos and illuminated hotels, an urban experiment is under way. One of the America's best companies to work for is putting to test Edward Glaeser's thesis – with a unique, lean start-up approach.
Las Vegas was founded as a city in 1905 on 45 ha of land adjacent to railroad tracks and was incorporated as a city in 1911. After the legalisation of casino gambling and deregulation of divorce procedures, many casinos and divorce offices were established, mostly along the Fremont Street stretching from the train depot (Brook, 2012: 4). To compete with suburbs, the downtown adopted a suburban-style zoning code that required new businesses to provide plenty of parking (Brook, 2012: 5), which, however, did not prevent the downtown from decay and pauperisation (Newman, 2014: 18). In 2012, "The Year of Downtown", several public and private initiatives to revitalise the downtown began, most importantly Zappos.com's move to the old Town Hall.
When a suburban campus inhibits the innovation
Zappos.com, for many years based in suburban Henderson, NV, expanded over the years its business from footwear to clothing, accessories, and housewares, and developed their USP on excellent customer service (Zappos Insights, 2016). The fast growth of Zappos.com from its founding on had been reducing the productivity and innovation, the levels of workplace satisfaction, and consequently hindering its customer service (Gelles, 2015: 3). Moreover, the suburban position and the three-buildings architecture of the campus in Henderson, NV, discouraged interaction between management and other employees (The Aspen Institute, 2011).
For several years, Zappos.com had been searching for a new place to relocate and simultaneously collecting proposals and ideas for new campus amenities from employees. Hsieh had been touring different campuses and according to himself, "they were actually really kind of insular and didn't really integrate or contribute to the community around them" (The Aspen Institute, 2011: 4).
Investing in the company by investing in the community
In order to increase the innovation and radically change the workplace to raise the quality of customer service, Zappos.com needed an unconventional move that would change its work organisation. In 2013, Zappos.com moved its headquarters to downtown Las Vegas and started using a method of self-organisation called Holacracy, while Hsieh initiated the Downtown Project (Zappos Insights, 2016). "I would say that putting my time into the neighbourhood is actually the best thing I could be doing for the company right now" (Corbett, 2014), Hsieh stated.
One of the main inspirations for Hsieh comes from the Harvard professor Edward Glaeser who points out in Triumph of the City that as the companies grow, the levels of innovativeness and productivity are decreasing. In cities, on the contrary, the increase of productivity and innovation is accompanying the growth of the city. Downtown Project is, therefore, pioneering a "hybrid between the company and a city" (Witcher, 2012), focussing on collisions, community, and co-learning that will lead "to happiness, luckiness, innovation, and productivity" (Corbett, 2014). According to Hsieh, Downtown Project is unlike most real-estate redevelopment projects with short or medium-term cash flow ROI goals, but rather focuses "on maximizing the long-term ROC, return on community" and "ROL, Return on Luck" (The Aspen Institute, 2011: 6). The project's main ambition is "to accelerate serendipity within the community and within the downtown area" (The Aspen Institute, 2011: 6) and generate new business ideas as a result of unplanned collisions.
"In this way, Hsieh is not just investing in property, but hacking together an urban algorithm that can be used anywhere in the world" (Hollis, 2014). This business model is indeed partially based on an assumption that 200 million dollars invested in the real estate will return as the value of the land will increase after the revitalisation process, but this explanation would be too narrow. Zappos.com is using the city and the urban as an innovative environment which is (as an urban externality) generating new innovative ideas and businesses that are internalised either through Zappos.com's R&D department or through Downtown Project's fund.
Downtown Project aimed to bring 10,000 upwardly mobile, innovative professionals to the area over the five years (Newman, 2014: 16). In only one year, it had set up 30 real estate companies, purchased more than 15 buildings, and started work on 16 construction projects, while 15 tech start-ups had committed to relocating to the downtown (Newman, 2014: 16). In the past three years, Downtown Project has been the owner and/or investor in over 300 businesses and legal entities which collectively employ more than 900 people. In many cases, Downtown Project is the co-owner with the founding entrepreneurs, while "Operations" are fully owned and operated by Downtown-Project-affiliated entities (Downtown Project, 2016).
Operations include the Gold Spike community and co-working space, the Downtown Container Park shopping park, a variety of meeting and event spaces, The Market grocery market, the Oak & Ivy cocktail bar, the Perch restaurant, Learning Village, an incubator for non-profit and community-focused businesses, the Oasis boutique hotel, the Las Vegas Hostel, etc. (Downtown Project, 2016). Small businesses range from special effects company LiveSpark, media and event organisation company Tech Cocktail, dry cleaning and laundry service Mint Locker, education event organiser CatalystCreativ, the Mexican restaurant La Comida, dog park Hydrant Club, BBQ bar Big Ern's BBQ, gourmet hot dog stand Cheffini's Hot Dogs, camera shop Las Vegas Camera Club, studio and co-working space Stitch Factory, movie production company Silver state Production Services and Downtown Films, travel organiser Wellthily, bookshop and publishing company Writer's Block, all-media studio Fremont East Studios, fitness studio Bikram Yoga Downtown, community-based restaurant Vegenation, boutique jewellery company Anna Bee Jewelry, seed investment fund VegasTechFund, early childhood/elementary school 9th Bridge School, membership doctor's office Turntable Health, community and event complex Inspire Theater, etc (Downtown Project, 2016). Out of the 350 million dollar fund, 200 million dollars were dedicated to buying real estate, 50 million dollars to small businesses, 50 million dollars to the TechFund that invests in technology companies, and 50 million dollars to education (Corbett, 2014).
The attention from business and the general public that Zappos.com and Downtown Project have received due to their unique culture and business has opened a new source of revenue for Zappos.com. Through its Zappos Insights department, it is offering tours of the Zappos Headquarters, Q&A sessions with Zappos leaders, a Zappos Insights content membership, full Zappos culture immersion with live training events, and custom events (Zappos Insights, 2016). With this, Zappos.com and Hsieh are pioneering a model of internalising urban externalities, created by their own activities.
Disclaimer: We are not solving all the problems of Las Vegas
Zappos.com is continuously being named as one of Fortune's 100 best companies to work for (Zappos Insights, 2016) and is known for its community-orientation, high workplace satisfaction, self-organisation management, and non-hierarchical organisation. The company's USP is based on excellent customer service, stemming from the good working conditions and satisfactory workplace of employees. Downtown Project can thus be seen as an extension of the care for good workplace conditions and as an attempt to create community feeling and increase productivity and innovation within the company.
Out of 350 million dollars, 50 million dollars of investments were designated to education initiatives (Downtown Project, 2016). Downtown Project is partnering with Teach for America to improve the quality of education in the city and downtown Las Vegas. Together with Teach for America, Downtown Project invested in the Clark County School District by exploring innovative ideas, pedagogic insights, new techniques in teaching, and is developing a private or charter school in downtown Las Vegas. Downtown Project is also supporting Venture for America, a programme for college graduates who wish to become entrepreneurs and want to relocate to downtown Las Vegas. Moreover, Downtown Project is opening an early childhood centre that is gradually becoming a K12 school, teaching creativity and entrepreneurship (The Aspen Institute, 2011: 11).
However, it clearly states that it is neither charity nor non-profit, and notes that "due to limited resources, [they] unfortunately aren't able to address and solve every single problem that exists in a city" (Downtown Project, 2016). Services offered within the portfolio of Downtown Project may thus address some social and public needs, but are provided as for-profit services and products on the market.
For example, in 2012, Downtown Project started a project called Project 100 that would combine bike sharing and car sharing into a single app, and suggest users the best transport options. Within this project, this transport-as-a-service start-up bought one hundred Tesla cars that were available to users of the app as a shared resource (similar to city bikes). Eventually, the project was aborted as "it didn't stick", i.e. was not profitable. Moreover, a "Hydrant Club" dog park was created in 2013. However, the park was only open to members that paid a subscription/membership fee that ranged from $40 to over $200 a month (Newman, 2014: 27).
HR par excellence
Downtown Las Vegas is becoming an important asset for Zappos.com in attracting young and motivated workforce to Las Vegas, a city that does not have a reputation as a "place to work". Downtown Project has thus succeeded in creating the experience of living in an inspiring and dreamy city/community: "People seem ready to drop everything and move to Vegas, as if pulled in by a tractor beam, lured by Hsieh's below-the-radar charisma, his enormous ambitions, and an ethos that combines the idealistic, artistic communalism of Burning Man with the can-do workaholism of 21st-century digital entrepreneurialism" (Corbett, 2014).
No plan, no responsibility a.k.a. urban pivoting
Unlike regular procedures, the large redevelopment project done by Downtown Project has no master plan and does not tackle issues holistically and with a long-term perspective (Walker, 2014a). Downtown Project functions as a start-up and is based on pivoting – constant adaptation of business models, try-and-error approach and attempts to disrupt the markets (Hollis, 2014). Hsieh says that "downtown Las Vegas is one enormous in-progress brainstorm, a fantastically bankrolled exercise in municipal free association" (Corbett, 2014). Despite praising participation and self-organisation, Downtown Project is based on cruel market conditions – giving chance to a very diverse range of business ideas, but shutting them down as soon as they prove to be economically nonviable despite their social effects (Corbett, 2014). And exactly this seems to be happening now.
Brook, D. (2012) 'From Sin to Sim City: Can Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh Reinvent Downtown Las Vegas?' Forefront, 1 (2).
Corbett, S. (2014) How Zappos' CEO Turned Las Vegas Into a Startup Fantasyland. Available at: http://www.wired.com/2014/01/zappos-tony-hsieh-las-vegas/ (Accessed 28 March 2016).
Downtown Project (2016) Downtown Project. Available at: http://www.downtownproject.com (Accessed 28 March 2016).
Gelles, D. (2015) At Zappos, Pushing Shoes and a Vision. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/19/business/at-zappos-selling-shoes-and-a-vision.html (Avalable at 28 March 2016).
Hollis, L. (2014) Why Startup Urbanism Will Fail Us. Available at: http://www.shareable.net/blog/why-startup-urbanism-will-fail-us (Accessed 28. March 2016).
Newman, N. H. (2014) Viva Lost Vegas: Downtown Project, Corporate-Led Redevelopment and the "Tradition of Invention". Washington: The George Washington University.
The Aspen Institute (2011) A city as a startup: Zappos and Downtown Project. Available at: http://www.aspenideas.org/sites/default/files/images/AIF-Pages/A%20City%20as%20Startup%20Zappos%20and%20Downtown%20Project.pdf (Accessed 3 March 2016)
Walker, A. (2014) You Can't Build a City Like a Startup: What the Downtown Project Missed. Available at: http://gizmodo.com/you-cant-build-a-city-like-a-startup-what-tony-hsiehs-1641185238 (Accessed 28 March 2016).
Zappos Insights (2016) Zappos Insights. Available at: http://www.zapposinsights.com (Accessed 28 March 2016)


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5 best makgeolli bars in Seoul
Most people are aware of the makgeolli-led drinking revolution in Korea. The once-derided rice wine preferred by farmers has graduated from being a low-rent buzz to a full-fledged star of the after-hours scene, especially in Seoul.
But while makgeolli is now appreciated by almost everyone, it's often still served in humble back alleys or tented pojangmachas.
At these five Seoul bars, however, not only does makgeolli take precedence, the bars aren't too shabby themselves.
Moon Jar
While the vintage décor, whitewashed walls and old school metal pots indicate that Moon Jar fully embraces makgeolli's homey roots, at night, the proprietors blast techno and electronica, changing the ambiance from quiet café into full-blown club.
The two-story building regularly seats celebrities from the likes of 2AM's Jokwon and Brown Eyed Girl's' Gain (on a date for the reality show "We Got Married") to members of Kara.
Moon Jar's menu offers President/Luxury Makgeolli, as well as makgeolli cocktails. The most popular cocktail is the Yuja (Citrus) Makgeolli. Moon Jar uses a stronger makgeolli (GeumJeong SanSeong) in order to offset the citrus flavor, resulting in a perfectly bittersweet concoction.
"For the best flavor, makgeolli should be drunk within 24 hours after it is made," says manager Seo Hyun Wook, 31. "Because we're lucky to be popular enough to sell out our makgeolli almost daily, we can offer some of the freshest makgeolli to our customers."
Side dishes (anju) are a little pricey, but worth the extra won. Portions are large enough to serve as dinner and range from gourmet (sirloin steak) to rustic (tofu kimchi). The food is good enough to almost make you forget why you're there in the first place.
Moon Jar is usually packed early in the evening. Reservations are advised, especially on weekends.
644-19 Gangnam-gu Sinsa-dong (강남구 644-19 신사동) ; +82 2541 6118; Daily, 5:30 p.m.–2 a.m.
More on CNNGo: Makgeolli: The rice wine revolution is here
Mui Mui
The Mui Mui "terapocha" (yes, that's a combination of terrace and pojangmacha) is both sleek and chic. The wooden cafeteria-style tables and benches evoke a traditional Korean drinking atmosphere.
Don't flinch at the prospect of a ₩23,000 drink, and order a D.I.Y. cocktail. Despite the name, the waiters will do most of the work for you and bring out a pitcher of fresh makgeolli, as well as a smaller pitcher of a seasonal fruit juice of your choice of kiwi, orange, pineapple, grapefruit, strawberry or grape.
Mui Mui also offers a selection of anju that tends to be more meal than side dish, such as pastas, brisket and sandwiches.
653-4 Gangnam-gu Sinsa-dong (강남구 653-4 신사동); +82 2 515 3982; Hours: 6 p.m.-2 a.m.
More on CNNGo: Korea-EU FTA cuts European wine prices
Wolhyang's calm, café-like ambiance belies the type of alcohol it serves. Its brown rice makgeolli is 15 percent alcohol, almost double the alcohol content in standard makgeolli.
Thanks to its fresh, organic properties, however, Wolhyang food stylist Haeri Park swears that it won't get you hungover.
Park also insists that the Wolhyang version is 20 times healthier than standard, white rice makgeolli, and can help with skin, diet and health problems.
Unsurprisingly, the clientele tends to be female and young.
"Right now makgeolli and traditional things are becoming trendy, but we wanted to upgrade the 'old' to something more appealing," says Park, 30. "We're constantly changing the menu to suit the season and make the makgeolli better, so that it never gets boring."
For seats at this popular place, call ahead, or make reservations by tweeting to twitter.com/sunsame. Customers can also buy bottles for ₩3,000 and take away food, with a 20 percent discount.
Wolhyang offers makgeolli classes on weekends -- call to reserve a spot.
335-5 Seogyo-dong, Mapo-gu (마포구 335-5 서교동); +82 2 332 9202; Monday-Wednesday, noon-4 a.m., Thursday-Saturday, noon-1 a.m.
More on CNNGo: Seoul booking made slightly less awkward
ㅎ [: h]
Although (or perhaps because) [: h] is located in a heavily foreigner-populated area, it's quite possibly the most "traditional" bar on this list. The bar offers an astonishingly diverse selection of makgeolli.
The menu comes in the form of an altered photo book and takes a while to flip through, as each page features a detailed profile of each makgeolli drink, including its origin, size, alcohol percentage, price and a brief history.
Pretty much every region of South Korea (aside from Jeju-do) is covered.
You can order a five makgeolli sampler platter for ₩2,000. If the decision is difficult, [: h] kindly provides a list of the week's top five makgeolli.
The most expensive bottle is ₩15,000 (not available for sampling), while the rest are in the ₩5,000-₩7,000 range, making [: h] the best place to get a makgeolli education.
44-18 Yongsan-dong 2-ga, Yongsan-gu (용산구 용산동 2가 44-18); +82 70 8950 8362; Hours: 6 p.m.-2 a.m.
More on CNNGo: Virgin: The classiest bar in Seoul
Chin Chin
If you've been to Hongdae, you're probably familiar with Chin Chin, if not by reputation, at least by sight.
Located off the the loud, club-packed streets Hongdae is known for, Chin Chin proudly displays empty makgeolli bottles as its patio decoration -- proof, at least, that the bar sells lots of makgeolli.
Although the selection is not as extensive as [: h]'s, Chin Chin has enough makgeolli to make the 5 Tasting Menu attractive. For ₩25,000, you'll get to try some of their best-selling drinks (enough to split each type into four shots), as well as a fusion food dish.
If you're still looking for a kick, or just want some dessert, order a bottle of Makgeolli Sherbet. While it's not quite the consistency of ice cream, it's refreshing and good for a hot, humid summer night in Seoul.
343-9, Seogyo-dong, Mapo-gu (마포구 343-9 서교동); +82 2 334 1476; Hours: 5:30 p.m.-2 a.m.
More on CNNGo: 30 of the world's best hotel bars


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Every Monday until Wonder Woman Unbound: The Curious History of the World's Most Famous Heroine comes out this April, we're taking a look at a comic panel that captures a key moment in Wonder Woman's history and highlights an important point from each chapter.
In the Golden Age, romance didn't play a huge part in Wonder Woman comics. Steve was head over heels for Wonder Woman, but Wonder Woman wasn't much interested in his advances. She was fond of Steve, but his attempts to woo her were regularly rebuffed.
By the Silver Age, Wonder Woman and Steve were an item, but it was quite a bumpy relationship. As we can see in this panel from Wonder Woman #133 in October 1962, Steve didn't react very kindly when Wonder Woman's superhero gig required her to take off suddenly:
Steve blowing his top at Wonder Woman was a common occurrence in the Silver Age. He wanted all of Wonder Woman's attention, and when he didn't get it he exploded. It certainly wasn't fun for Wonder Woman, as we can see from her tears, but she put up with it and constantly fought to show her love for Steve by submitting to whatever inane activities he came up with for her to prove her affection.
This power dynamic in romantic relationships was standard for the Silver Age. Just ask Lois Lane, who had to put up with a domineering Superman in at least four different series. Men in the Silver Age had a massive sense of entitlement, and lashed out when they didn't get their way. All of the female characters just took the abuse, even Wonder Woman. While she'd originally been a unique and independent hero ahead of her time, by the late 1950s Wonder Woman was in the same boat as everyone else.
To read more, you'll have to wait until Wonder Woman Unbound comes out this April! Be sure to come back next Monday, when we'll look at Wonder Woman's catchphrases, and also check out the sixth installment of my Wonder Woman interview series this Wednesday; we'll be talking with Matt D. Wilson!
Wonder Unbound Unbound is available for pre-order now, online or at your local comic shop.


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Property managers are usually in charge of everything from rent collection to tenant relocation and most things in between, depending on the property and your individual requirements. This means handing over responsibility of your investment to someone else. Be sure that by working with Darcy Jarman your property is being managed by a skilled, passionate and meticulous team.
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