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It was a packed room early Saturday morning when the founding father of Marvel comics entered the hall. The panel began late, but new arrivals were still jostling for space as Stan "The Man" Lee took the stage to cheers and camera flashes. The CEO of Virgin Comics Sharad Devarajan welcomed Stan and made the major announcement of the panel right off the bat: Stan Lee would be creating a new line of super-hero comics for Virgin's imprint. This new line of comics will function as a cohesive universe, just like Marvel which Stan architected during the 1960s, and each of the heroes has been planned "for some time now" according to Devarajan."This is one of the most exciting things that's ever happened to me," Stan said. "To get a chance to do what we did a million years ago, with people just as excited and just as dedicated as they were then." Of course, Stan admitted that working at Virgin wouldn't be the same as working for Marvel during the sixties. For one thing, there are advantages Stan didn't have in his day. "When we started Marvel, we had no money," he reminded the audience. "Now all of a sudden, we have Virgin Comics behind us! Virgin! They have nothing but money!" Stan said this meant his new line can hire the best writers and artists and can pay them well, unlike Marvel at its inception. "And I can take all the credit!" Stan joked.This lead to much joking about the financial largess of Virgin between Stan and the imprint's CEO, Sharad Devarajan. Stan joked that part of his deal was that he would get his own private airplane from the billionaire airline company. "I wouldn't normally do this but this is the chance to do our negotiations right here in the room," Stan said. Devarajan also mentioned that he'd love to see Stan's characters on the side of a Virgin airplane some day.Little else was revealed about the new universe, but spirits between Lee and Devarajan were high. "This is the chance to do it all over again," Stan said with enthusiasm. Some discussion took place about whether the comics would be written in the Marvel method. "I'll let you in on a secret: I haven't actually written any of the comics yet. I have tons of ideas though," Stan said. At this point, Stan took questions from an eager audience.One of the first questions was obligatory. "Have you been reading Brand New Day?" the fan asked, "and do you feel as betrayed as the rest of us?" After some clarification, Stan realized that this question was about Spider-Man and his now metaphysically dissolved marriage to Mary Jane. "I don't have as much time to read the comics as I used to, but I do know what they're doing with Spider-Man," Stan said. He explained that Joe Quesada was an "extremely talented, thoughtful guy" and that he had good reasons for his decision."If for some reason the sales slump, then they'll bring her back," he explained. "When you're an editor of a comics company, you're like God. You can kill people, you can bring them back. People wonder why I have such an ego. That's why!" Another fan asked if Stan has a cameo in the upcoming Incredible Hulk movie. "I've already shot my cameo," Stan said. He also commented on the possibility of future cameos. "I'm not going to limit myself to Marvel. If they wanted me to do a cameo for Superman or Batman, I'll do it. I'd love to do it!" Stan also gave his thoughts on the Marvel movies in general. "If some of them didn't live up to my expectations, that's fine. They were mostly good. Some of them experimented and didn't quite work out like the first Incredible Hulk movie, but the next one will be better."After one fan's question, Stan commented on the difference between writing for DC and Marvel. "I'm a scientist," Stan said. "Have you ever noticed that Superman flies without any visible means of locomotion?" He asked, garnering a laugh from fans. He explained that the reason he had Thor throw his hammer to fly was to avoid this problem.A fan asked about Civil War, which Stan said he loved. "Comics have changed. This wasn't the case ten years ago but now we have novel and movie writers working in comics. Fantastically talented people. Guys like Jim Lee and Alex Ross... people used to look down their noses [at comics] years ago, they don't do that so much anymore." Devarajan said he'd love to see Stan Lee work with Jim Lee. "You know he calls himself my illegitimate son," Stan said.Stan continued to explain his thoughts on comics as a medium throughout other questions. "Suppose Shakespeare and Michelangelo were alive today and Michalangelo said: 'Hey Bill! Let's do a comic!'... the point being, the Comic book is just as viable a form of literature as anything else."One fan asked about the possibility of a cross-over between Stan's new Virgin Universe and the Marvel Universe. Stan admitted it was certainly a possibility. "I'd love that!" he said, enthusiastically. "And knowing Quesada, I bet he'd love it too." The room reached possibly its highest point of jubilation when one fan asked if he could hear Stan's famous catch-phrase. Stan asked for a moment of total silence. "EXCELSIOR!" he boomed finally, the room exploding in applause.
Now discuss this story in CBR's Independent Comics forum.


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Taxes: Once upon a time, President Obama promised he wouldn't raise taxes on the middle class. Millions of those getting insurance cancellation notices are finding out how fraudulent that promise was, too.
Matthew Fleischer, a freelance writer in Los Angeles, recently learned ObamaCare will force him off a plan he likes, and a comparable policy will cost him nearly $800 more next year.
"Most young, middle-class Americans I know are happy that millions of previously uninsured people will receive free or heavily subsidized insurance under the Affordable Care Act," he wrote in a Los Angeles Times op-ed. "We just didn't realize that, unless we had health insurance at work, we'd be the ones paying for it."
Adam Weldzius, a nurse practitioner in Illinois, came to the same realization after finding that his premiums will go up nearly $3,000 a year. "I believe everybody should be able to have health insurance, but at the same time, I'm being penalized. And for what?"
Lori Gottlieb, an Atlantic contributing editor, learned her premiums could climb $5,400. Obama "should be protecting the middle class, not making our lives substantially harder," she wrote in the New York Times.
Obama dismisses such complaints as those of a small portion of the public — just 5%, he says — who are in any case getting "better" insurance because of ObamaCare.
But what's actually happening is that this relatively small group is being hit with a massive ObamaCare tax hike, which is being run through insurance premiums and which will reach into the thousands of dollars.
It's a tax hike these people had no reason to expect, since Obama not only promised that they could keep their plans, but that he'd never raise their taxes.
"I can make a firm pledge," he said during his first presidential run, that "under my plan no family making less than $250,000 a year will see any form of tax increase. Not your income tax, not your payroll tax, not your capital gains taxes, not any of your taxes."
As with his phony "keep your plan" promise, he made this one over and over again.
Left-wingers — at least those who aren't getting cancellation notices — don't see anything wrong with this.
"How terribly smug," wrote Paul Waldman in the leftist American Prospect, "to think that the fate of millions of poor people who will now get insurance is as important as the suffering of this one person who might have to pay more for comprehensive coverage."
What's smug is for liberals like Waldman to think that Obama should get away with yet another bald-faced lie.

subset: commoncrawl


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How to burn & convert iPad videos onto DVD disc?
How to burn iPad videos to DVD disc? There are two cameras on iPad – one on the front and one on the back. With iPad, you can record videos of your daily life and everything that interests you. It's HD, so whatever you shoot is a mini-masterpiece. After that, you can make DVD from iPad shot videos so you can play the DVD back on DVD player/computer or just for storage.
Well, to convert iPad movies onto DVD successfully, you will need a DVD burning program. If you are looking for an easy-to-use yet professional one, we here recommend DVD Creator. It's one of the best tool that lets you create DVD from any types of file formats, such as MP4, AVI, MKV, WMV, MOV, FLV, M2TS, MTS, TS, etc. After that, you can play the DVD disc on your big screen TV. Check out the step-by-step guide below and learn how to use this professional DVD Burner for iPad. (For Mac users, please download DVD Creator for Mac to copy iPad video clips to DVD disc on Mac OS X, including Snow Leopard and Lion.)
How to burn iPad videos onto DVD disc easily and quickly?
Step 1 Add iPad Video Files
Once you've downloaded the iPad Video to DVD Burner, install and launch it. On the interface, there is an "Import" button which you can click on to add your iPad videos into the program. Meanwhile, you can also import your photos to make slideshow DVDs.
Step 2 Customize DVD Movies (Optional)
Then you may want to personalize the DVD disc. By clicking on "Menu" button, select one of your favorite DVD menu styles from the "Templates" drop-down list. There are both static and animated templates for your choice. You may even customize the background image, etc.
Step 3 Start Burning iPad Files to DVD
OK, now you are coming to the last step. Insert your blank DVD disc (DVD format knowledge) into your DVD burner drive, click on "Burn" button and start burning iPad videos to DVD disc.
So, now you may wait for a moment while the iPad Movie to DVD Converter is doing the burning task. Once completed, you may watch the DVD on home DVD player connected to TV. Have fun. Learn more at MP4 DVD Converter.
How to burn & convert iPad videos onto DVD disc?
How to convert & burn MP4 to DVD to play on TV on Mac/Windows?
How to convert QuickTime MOV to DVD easily?
How to burn videos from iTunes to DVD for DVD player?
How to easily burn Amazon Instant Videos onto DVD?
How to burn VLC media files to DVD format?
How to successfully convert & burn Flip videos to DVD disc?


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Eddy fields are part of the physical education. Gerd_Altmann / Pixelio
The field theory
- To know is for you first of all that the vortex field is a viewing subject field theory. Ultimately, the potential theory of how it was once called, Earth's gravity field, in this case be referred to as the origin of all field theories. The goal of the field theory, you can read the description of all such forces imagine arising from physical interactions.
- In the classical field theory, first distinguish between scalar and vector fields. By a scalar field, you assign each point of the corresponding space to a number such as, for example, with respect to temperature is done invoices. Share Unlike scalar vector fields to the corresponding points in space no figures, but vectors.
- Next you can divide force fields in different types. The most common field types are source and eddy fields. Remember that a source field is based on a cause in the sense of sources and sinks. arise on those sources and sinks and terminate the field lines. The cause of eddy fields on the other hand, as the name suggests, an eddy. Circular, the field lines usually pull together to those vertebrae.
Find out the vortex field
- Ultimately, can you generalize that all field lines of a vortex field are self-contained and therefore arise from a fluidized themselves so that they occur independently of sources and sinks. When you swirl designate those points by which to contract the lines of the field.
- More precisely for you to remember that for a vortex field at least one boundary curve S must exist. If there is no boundary curve S with constant contour integral, so it is in a given field is an irrotational field.
- The vortex field is just like the Source field Newton or Laplacefeld. For a Newton Field remember that the density of its displacement current always occurs in the form of an electromagnetic wave. As Laplacefeld you can contrast such eddy fields interpret electrical vortex field that around when it comes to time-varying magnetic flux created.
All formulas you need to determine the vortex of a given vortex field, you should find in commercial, physical formularies. Perhaps you are now still no expert when it comes to field theory, any idea what it this is all about, but you should have won.


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CGI Named as Thermo Fisher Companion Diagnostic Center of Excellence
"Thermo Fisher is committed to expanding its strategic alliances with organizations that share our vision of developing advanced technologies that help doctors get their patients on the right treatment quickly."
Joydeep Goswami, PhD, MBA, President of Clinical Next Generation Sequencing and Oncology
At CGI, we act with urgency to make the biggest impact of precision oncology to benefit patients as quickly and efficiently as possible. In the past two years alone, CGI has launched a dozen innovative assays and technologies, as part of our "bench to bedside" mission, including liquid biopsy profiling, novel immuno-oncology flow panels, proprietary lymphoma NGS panels, etc, etc. And, consistent with our technology-agnostic, multifaceted biomarker profiling capabilities, we've recently been named as part of Thermo Fisher's Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Companion Diagnostics (CDx) Center of Excellence Program (COEP). This participation will allow CGI an additional strategy to help develop and commercialize NGS-based CDx testing solutions, driving usage and adoption of the novel CDx assays.
Our high-level expertise in oncology testing, global footprint, and ability to meet the stringent criteria necessary to administer clinical trials for the development and commercialization of CDx products allowed us the honor to be part of this select program.
As a preferred Thermo Fisher partner, CGI will participate in oncology-focused clinical trials in collaboration with pharmaceutical companies. CGI may also qualify for early access to Thermo Fisher's pipeline of novel platforms and assays to assist with development of Oncomine-branded solutions for clinical and biopharma applications. Upon further U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of these tests, CGI is well-positioned to leverage its experience with the products and be among the first to offer the tests to physicians.
Beginning this month, CGI will start offering the Oncomine Dx Target Test, and will be the first laboratory in the USA to offer the test as a service to physicians, providing rapid access to this novel test. Oncomine Dx Target Test is the first next generation sequencing-based test that simultaneously screens tumor samples for multiple biomarkers associated with three FDA-approved therapies for non-small cell lung cancer. In June, the FDA granted premarket approval for the Oncomine Dx Target Test, which helps physicians match patients to targeted therapies in days instead of several weeks.
Our conversations about integrating Oncomine™ Dx Target Test into new and existing clinical trials are many. To learn more about the ways we're integrating this and other tests into the biomarker strategies of leading clinical trials, drop me an email. You can also connect with me on LinkedIn.
Check out a recently published article written about CGI's partnership with Thermo Fisher and the Oncomine™ Dx Target Test here: "A Novel Partnership Takes Aim at Developing NGS Companion Diagnostics in Oncology"


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So...hi. Long time no chat. Pull up a chair. Can I get you a drink?
As you've no doubt noticed, I'm not posting here any more. The blogging bug has relented, and what I have to say I'm saying either on my site or on my tumblr. I'm as active as ever on Facebook and especially on Twitter (@jessnevins), but as a blogger I think I'm in retirement.
But I would like to ask you, however few of you are still reading this, one last favor before I go. I'm currently doing a Kickstarter, for The Encyclopedia of Golden Age Superheroes. Think about chipping in? Thanks!
Big ole blog post by me at my new digs.
New article by me over on io9.com about the the first shared universes.
I've got a short piece on Byron and the beginnings of fandom over at Warren Ellis' blog.
Going to be shifting over to blogging at jessnevins.com in the near future.
In a recent review of The Word Exchange (W.W. Norton, 2011, ISBN # 978-0393079012) Michael Dirda wrote "This isn't gaily ribboned Camelot or Merrie Olde England...this is a wintry February world of cold iron, gray dawns, stoicism, and lonely exile." He's right, of course. These poems, splendidly translated by a number of talented modern poets (folks like Seamus Heaney), are bracing in their grimness, but several of them are poignant and even sweet, in their Anglo-Saxon way.
Herewith is "The Husband's Message," as translated by Michael Schmidt:
To you far away I carry this message
More on "The Husband's Message" at the seemingly-pretty-good Wikipedia entry.
Well, children, where there is so much racket there must be something out of kilter. I think that 'twixt the negroes of the South and the women at the North, all talking about rights, the white men will be in a fix pretty soon. But what's all this here talking about?
Powerful stuff, you'll agree. I can only imagine how much the crowd must have lost their shit on hearing it.
I want to say a few words about this matter. I am a woman's rights [sic]. I have as much muscle as any man, and can do as much work as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that? I have heard much about the sexes being equal; I can carry as much as any man, and can eat as much too, if I can get it. I am strong as any man that is now.
Tim Stapleton's No Insignificant Part: The Rhodesia Native Regiment and the East Africa Campaign of the First World War does yeoman's work in bringing to light the experience of native Africans serving in the Rhodesia Native Regiment (RNR), a unit of the British armed forces from what is now Zimbabwe, during World War One. Stapleton covers the experience of the RNR in the African campaigns thoroughly and gives a-lot-but-not-too-much detail about the battles the RNR fought in. Stapleton provides context for the RNR and pulls no punches when discussing the racism that the native Africans faced before, during, and after the war.
(The gentleman on the right is an RNR soldier in full kit, circa 1918. He's got a Lee-Enfield, but is in bare feet because RNR soldiers were never issued boots. The British military thought, well, they're all Africans, they've all got tough feet, right? These officers were later shocked to hear the RNR soldiers complaining about having to march over rough ground because it hurt their feet).
That said, No Insignificant Part is mostly lacking the Awesomeness that I hope for in books like this. No Insignificant Part is certainly interesting. It educated me on its subject. But for the most part it lacked plot hooks and anecdotes that made me want to run to my computer and share the stories with the world.
However, there is the case of Sergeant Rita. Sadly (but not surprisingly), there are no photos of him on the 'Net--at least, none that I've been able to find. No sites on him, and no information, either. Quoting Stapleton, "Rita was part of it is likely he was an Ndebele, since most of the first contingent came from Matabeleland and white officers sometimes spelled his name 'Lita' which is Ndebele."
Because he was literate, Rita was initially posted to the RNR's "intelligence section" and then promoted to corporal. He began leading small reconnaissance patrols and "became an expert at collecting information on the enemy." "Stealth, reliability, and narrow escapes from the enemy became his trademark:"
Rita died in November, 1917 of "natural causes."
Rita sounds like someone deserving of longer treatment, but as might be expected there is little reliable information avaiable on the RNR troops. Few white British writers gave much attention to what their black troops did. The best (tactically) commander the RNR had treated his men like chesspieces and, shockingly, ran away from the RNR when the regiment was struck with influenza. (This is the sort of leadership that the RNR had). And few Zimbabwean writers have been eager to investigate what's been seen as a white man's war that had little to do with Zimbabwe or Zimbabweans. So soldiers like Rita have disappeared down the memory hole--but at least we have Timothy Stapleton to pull them out.
Which is a mental category I (like most other writers) have for ideas which intrigue me and could potentially be fruitful, but which I will never have the time to write. (Or put together for a presentation at ICFA).
From the North-China Herald, 18 November 1916, in which the author is describing the debut of the tank during World War One:
The "Frank Reade" referred to here is the Edisonade Frank Reade, Jr., who used a armored "landrover" in the story in question.
What's most of interest to me here is the article writer's use of a fictional sf creation to describe an actual piece of technology. I think there's probably an interesting and possibly enlightening paper to be written on the ways in which some science fiction writers and stories have shaped the popular ideas of science and technology by anticipating them, to the point where those writers and stories limit the development of those concepts, both linguistically and ontologically.
This paper idea's still mostly unformed--I'm only on my second cup of coffee after a mostly sleepless night watching over a child whose breathing was difficult, leaving me in a constant state of dread, waiting for that next breath--but I think I've got the kernel of something interesting. Without (for example) the Gibson/Sterling/Stephenson trio, who knows what form the Web might have taken? Without Star Wars, in what direction might Reagan's S.D.I. have gone? I realize that I'm grossly over-simplifying matters, but I think this is an idea which could fruitfully be investigated.
Enh. I'll never know, because I won't be writing that paper.
over at the Beyond Victoriana blog is Charles E. Averill's Buena Rejon, from an unusually interesting novelette.


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Columbus Cottonmouths
Big Weekend Ahead
Well, Snakes fans, the weekend didn't get off to a winning start for the guys, but it was great to see how they fought back...multiple times!!
A quick 2-0 hole on the road can be pretty discouraging. Especially the first Fayetteville goal...UGH. The Snakes were in the middle of a line change and, all of a sudden, here is the rare 2-on-NONE. Now, you know a 2-on-1 is bad and a 3-on-1 is really bad. But, all of a sudden it's two Antz vs Ian Vigier. It didn't end well...
The second goal was only slightly less ugly as it looked to literally go through Ian. My view on the web isn't that clear but I was stunned when the light came on. Must have gone five-hole.
The first Snakes goal was the most significant of the night. As Jerome likes to say, the guys were on their heels. Down by 2 only 7 minutes into the game, time to right the ship. Mark Thorburn's goal was exactly what the doctor ordered. A Fayetteville player tried to make a pass deep in his own zone. Mark intercepted and buried it in one swift move. Now the lead is only 2-1 and the Snakes have momentum.
Time for act 1 of the Sam Bowles show. Sammy's shortie was a big goal because (a) it tied the game (b) a shortie is always energizing (c) it happened only 20 seconds into the 3rd period. Huge momentum swing for the Snakes. Tie game 2-2, but advantage at this point has to go to the Snakes.
The roller coaster continues as Fayetteville goes ahead...again and the Snakes tie it... again. This time, Sam's long shot from just inside the blue line on the PP ties it 3-3. There's still a little more than 10 minutes to play. Plenty of time.
There's definitely no quit in this team, so I'm feeling pretty good about now. But then Fayetteville takes the lead for good 4 minutes later on the PP. Still plenty of time left, but the Snakes couldn't get the equalizer. Josh McQuade, the Snake killer with a hat trick, added the empty netter to seal the deal.
Good news: Levi Lind and Jordan Braid both returned, as did Biff McNally, for yet another tour. :) Alex MacLeod and Tommy Fitzpatrick are spending time in the ECHL, for who knows how long. Ill-timed call-ups, if you ask me, but...nobody did! haha
Two burning questions right now that desperately need answers:
Will Orrin Hergott return or retire? Is something wrong with Ian Vigier?
I saw Orrin last Saturday night at the hall of fame banquet and he looked really good. I haven't been able to say that in a while. He was headed to Boston 2 days later to be examined by the concussion guru, Dr. Robert Cantu. Orrin was so conflicted about this evaluation. He told me that one minute, he thought that the doc was going to say "everything looks fine" and the very next minute, he thought he'd be told "you're done".
I can't stress enough how tough it is for an athlete to retire no matter what the reason. I can remember like it was yesterday Ryan Aikia, with tears in his eyes, telling me how happy he was that he could hang them up before a coach or doctor told him he had to.
For Orrin, the stakes are higher. The stakes have a name: Nixon Michael Hergott...16 months old. My guess is that the doctor is going to recommend that Orrin retire, and that's what he'll do. The team will miss him. You and I will miss him. But one look at Nixy and the decision becomes a tad easier. :(
I'm concerned about Ian and I asked Jerome about him this week. He insists that there's nothing wrong with Ian physically, but agreed with my assessment that Ian seems, at times, 'off'. Now that's not a medical term, but he's not the Ian that led this team to a championship last year.
Before all the Ian fans rise up, remember I'm one of them. I think Ian is a great goalie and an even better person and leader. One variable is the D. The D is just not as strong or consistent as it was a year ago. Chris Bailer, Kyle Johnson and Tommy have experienced the growing pains that all rookies do. Kevin Kessler has suffered with the absence of Andrew Krelove. Bret Tyler and Tom Maldonado are the cornerstones of the D. When one of them is out, or limited by injury, the whole D suffers and so does the goaltending.
Is it now the Andrew Loewen era and the Ian Vigier regime is over? I don't think so. I think Ian is every bit as talented as he was last season. Right now, though, it's definitely Andrew's time. He's seeing the puck beautifully and is playing a smart and steady game. Try to imagine what will happen when both Ian and Andrew get into a groove...:)
Final thoughts about last night's game. The AmericaOne broadcast was the most ridiculous, unprofessional gong show I've ever had the misfortune to see. The guys that do the FireAntz games are volunteers. They are clearly Antz fans first and donating their time to this venture. Their broadcasts are always tough to watch because they spend more time reading emails and talking about their jobs and families than the game we're all trying to watch. But last night was a new low.
The Snakes sent young Tyler McCrea to Fayetteville, apparently via private plane, along with others in the Snakes family and front office. Tyler is an aspiring broadcaster, a CSU student who normally does a wonderful job. He's so knowledgeable and professional. Last night, he joined in the circus and played down to the level of his on-air colleagues. So disappointing.
If I'd paid to see that broadcast, I'd be hollering for a refund. Come on, guys...remember why we've all tuned in. To hear your take on the GAME, not constant giggling like middle schoolers over a ride on a private plane and which Applebees Tyler ate at before the game. UGH!!!!
Two huge games at the Snake Pit this weekend in the extremely crowded SPHL race. Teams ahead of the Snakes keep winning, so they definitely need to win too! Not to say that any game is easy, but with just 19 games left, you need to win home games vs teams below you in the standings. It's not just making the playoffs. Time to get a head of steam heading into the final weeks of the season.
Getting John Sullivan back will be huge, but Jerome doesn't think that will be until the waning weeks of the season. Then, how long will it take for John to get in the groove he was in before he got hurt? Bless his heart...John was playing so well and that line was on fire. Well, injuries are a part of the game that every team has to deal with, but enough, already!!
Looking forward to a big weekend of hockey at the Pit!
Stay tuned.


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Smelly Washing Machine
What causes smelly washing machines, the solutions and how to stop it from stinking
This is a pretty common thing that we service guys encounter, people complain of a bad odour from the washing machine or washer dryer and we've even added a video explaining this below.
First let's start with a simple fact, there's no component that can fail to cause a bad odour from inside a washer. Sorry, but it's not a fault with the machine and it will undoubtedly be from some form of external source and in this article we will explain what causes the problem, how to solve it and how to avoid bad smells from your washing machine.
The major factors that can cause the problem are explained here and we ask that you please read this article thoroughly and check as much as you can before calling any service department. If you have a smelly washing machine please follow the instructions here in full and it should help you solve the problem and not have it again.
It's also been brought to our attention that there are a number of people out there, along with some companies, that are giving staggeringly bad advice on how to deal with this problem, mostly to try to get you to buy some product like a washing machine cleaner, most of which are targeted at dealing with limescale, not odour issues. The advice given in this article is correct and we will explain how you can try to resolve the problem for free if you want or, use a commercial product that will solve the problem, properly.
Low Temperature Washes & Plastic Tubs
Consistant low temperature washes without a maintenance wash will very often result in a build up of bacteria inside the drum if you combine this with liquid detergent (more on this below) then it is an almost perfect recipe for bacteria build up inside the drum of your washing machine.
This never used to be a problem on older washing machines and, although we can't prove it, we think we know why.
As washing machines have gotten cheaper and cheaper in order to save on production costs manufacturers have moved away from using enamelled and stainless steel tubs (the big drum around the one you put clothes in which hold the water) and moved almost entirely onto using plastic ones. There are no low cost washing machines now that do not have a plastic outer tank that we know of and, by that we mean any under about £700.
The plastic tanks have nooks and crannies that can harbour bacteria growth as that's the way that they are designed and, the surface isn't as smooth as steel or enamel allowing bacteria to take hold and breed. This builds up and leads to a bad smell.
In extreme cases you can get lumps of mould coming out in the wash or small black marks, speckles etc. on clothing. Yes, in you've case not sussed it yet, there's lots and lots of people out there that are washing their clothes in bacteria and then we wonder why we have skin irritation problems.
You can read more about mould and mildew in this article.
Liquid Detergent Can Make It Smell Worse
If you use liquid detergents or liquid capsules then this is most likely the problem or a good proportion of the cause as there is no chlorine bleaching agents in liquid powder and it has a tendency to smell a bit ripe after a while. It is also VERY easy and prone to over-dosing, which can lead to a congealed mass of goo in, or on, the drum which, in extreme cases can actually corrode the aluminium drum shaft.
Shown in the photograph to the right is a badly corroded alloy drum support spider from just such treatment and this is, by far, not the worst that we've seen. In some really bad cases the support almost disintegrates.
Sorry soap powder manufacturers, but we see this in the field after several years.
The cure is to use powder (real stuff from a big box) and wash through a boil or hot wash with the machine empty, this is known as a washing machine maintenance wash. Or you can cheat and use dishwasher cleaner or bicarbonate of soda, both are effective at cleaning this but not as good as a dedicated cleaner like Affresh or Power Fresh which is rebranded Affresh.
Ariel tablets are also okay as they dissolve just as fast as powder and can be used in the drawer unlike other soap tablets.
Using soap nuts or ecoballs is just a disaster waiting to happen as well as both will increase the likelihood of you having a problem in the first place massively.
Backfilling From The House Waste
Often we will see appliances incorrectly installed allowing dirty water from your drain to come back into the appliance. If you see the appliance slowly filling when it's switched off it is almost certain that this is the problem and you will need a plumber and not an appliance engineer.
You can also try the cleaning tip as detailed above but it will not stop the problem re-occurring at some stage.
More information on backfilling from this link
Washing Machine Maintenance Cleaning
When this article was originally published about a decade ago the only option we had to recommend as a maintenance wash is to do a full "boil" wash program (as hot as you can get basically) with a bleach containing detergent. The best option there that we would recommend is using Ariel (from the green packs) as it also contains components that deal with limescale and many other bits of dirt that you don't want there or Persil Bio. We know that Ariel or Persil is a little more expensive than some, but both are a lot better in our opinion and our own testing bears that out.
Doing this on a regular basis, once a month or so, can actually stop the problem occurring in the first place and is recommended by most service engineers as well as others within the industry and is often detailed in the manufacturer's instructions.
Also make sure that you clean out the soap box thoroughly, all of them come out somehow and it's usually in the instruction book how you do this. Pay particular attention to the softener section (if you use it) and make sure that bit is cleaned regularly or you can get a build up of not very nice gunk as well as possible leaks from there.
If you get the soap drawer out and look up above it you'll see a series of jets, this is where the water comes in to disperse into the drawer, make sure that is also clean, we find it best to use an old toothbrush dipped in a little bleach to get them clean, especially if they are a bit mouldy. Any black "stuff" you see in there is mould, it's a build up of bacteria who just love the wet environment to breed in. it is best to do this before a maintenance wash to ensure that any bleach or other cleaning products are removed and do not then affect the next load that you wash.
You can find out how to do this how to do this on most washing machines from our article about how to do a maintenance wash for your washer.
Drying out can also help massively, this is why many people advise that the door of the machine is left slightly ajar. If you are having problems with mould or an odour doing this, whilst unpleasant at first, will help in the longer term with the above advice.
A Cleaner To Solve Smelly Washing Machines
This article was originally posted in 2004 and, since then we've been searching for a cleaner that can solve this odour problem for people, in 2008 we finally found one that actually worked, properly!
Affresh washing machine cleaner has been specifically developed to combat the problem of smelly or foul smelling washing machine and is available in the online store along with it's sister product Affresh Dishwasher Cleaner.
Is short, Affresh attacks the residue itself, breaking it up and sending it down the drain and, regular use can stop it from happening again. The great thing about this is that it's not stupidly expensive either, it's actually quite cheap.
We get asked all the time on the best way to solve the problem and, especially if it is fairly bad, maintenance washes can take a long time to clear the odours but it still won't remove all the scum that's left, Affresh will as it is specifically designed to break these residues up.
If your machine is really bad though you may have to use a full pack the on the first pass and possibly need to re-treat again, perhaps even a few times depending on the severity of the bacteria build up. And, it could get worse before it gets better!
The reason is that each time you use Affresh or a maintenance wash it "peels off" the top layer of bacteria leaving more stinky gunk exposed than before, which makes the smell work. There's no solution other than to persevere and repeat until it clears which, in some really bad cases we've seen has taken more than a dozen washes!
Most other washing machine cleaners that we have come across, often sold in supermarkets and the likes, are not as effective as Affresh and tend to merely mask the smell from the gunk in the washing machine, not actually solve the underlying problem. But then, they are much cheaper in some cases.
Bad Cleaners
Okay so here's the problem now since the whole smelly washing machine problem became a thing.
There's a bunch of companies including global ones that are trying to cash in on it by launching a ton of rebranded products to "solve" the problem. Some are okay, others are just rubbish and some are just descaling products that have been rebranded as cleaners.
Some of them will mask the smell, some might even do a little bit actual cleaning but how well is open to question.
For people that don't know much about this stuff it's really confusing.
Worse still, you can end up buying a product that you think will cure the problem as, that's what you're being told but that isn't really going to do what you need. Some might even look like a bit of a bargain however, it's not a bargain if it doesn't work!
Please follow our advice, if it's bad and a maintenance wash doesn't clear it, use Affresh and that in conjunction with maintenance washes will eventually solve it.
We know this stuff well and we know that some of the stuff that is sold as being a washing machine cleaner is garbage. The reason there's so many doing it is that the cheap stuff that can be flung together on the cheap is profitable and we could sell that junk too if we wanted. We don't as, it doesn't work.
More Information About Smelly Washing Machines
You can find more, as well as related, information on the effects of not carrying out a maintenance wash from the following articles:
Door Seal Mildew Or Black Marks
Why you can get black mould and what to do when you do as well as tips to avoid it
How to clean the soap drawer in your washing machine to avoid smells and bacteria build ups
Whiter Whites, Brighter Colours
How to use detergents correctly.
Washing Machines, Detergent & Skin Irritation
Does detergent really cause skin irritation or is there more to it?
From "The Art Of Laundry" issued by Procter & Gamble:
On occasions there can be a build up of residue on the inside of the washing machine which may transfer to garments. The deposits can be caused by dirt, grease, lint or hard water salts. Unpleasant odours may also arise from the residues. Higher temperature washes and bleach containing detergents can help prevent these residues.
Do a "maintenance wash" (hot wash of at least 60°C or above with no load in the machine) using a heavy duty bleach containing detergent such as Ariel powder or tablets. In extreme cases more than one maintenance wash may be needed.
CAUSE: Insufficient detergent used on a regular basis, so dirt is not properly dealt with
PREVENTION: Always use the recommended amount of detergent appropriate to the amount of dirt, water hardness and load size
CAUSE: Detergents without bleach are consistently used
PREVENTION: Carry out a monthly maintenance wash using a bleach containing detergent such as Ariel powder or tablets
CAUSE: The washing machine is consistently being operated at lower temperatures
PREVENTION: Carry out a monthly maintenance wash using a bleach containing detergent such as Ariel powder, tablets or use Affresh to clean the inside of your washing machine
CAUSE: The washing machine has not been given basic maintenance
PREVENTION: After using the washing machine, wipe around the door seal leaving the door open after use.


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Mortgage Rate Run-Up Runs Out of Steam
Freddie Mac released its weekly update on national mortgage rates this morning, and it looks like the sharp price run-up of recent weeks is finally taking a breather.
Thirty-year fixed rate mortgages (FRM) edged down five basis points this week, falling to 3.93%, while 15-year FRMs showed a steeper six-basis-point drop to 3.04%. Among variable-rate products, 5/1 adjustable-rate mortgages held steady at 2.79%, while one-year ARMs slipped one basis point to 2.57%.
Commenting on today's news, Freddie Mac Chief Economist Frank Nothaft said market participants were cautious this week while awaiting the Federal Reserve's updated monetary policy announcement. "The Fed stated that economic growth has been expanding at a moderate pace and that labor market conditions have shown further improvement, although the unemployment rate remains elevated," Nothaft is quoted as saying. In conjunction with low inflation levels, Nothaft noted this all adds up to "the Fed will continue its bond-buying program at the current pace and maintain its highly accommodative monetary policy stance."
This in turn suggests interest rates will remain low, and appears to have curbed the spike in mortgage rates rising on fears of worse news.
The article Mortgage Rate Run-Up Runs Out of Steam originally appeared on Fool.com.Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
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It's been 19 days since Brian and I have been back in the good ol' USA, and as expected, the reverse culture shock syndrome is setting in.
It was tough for the first week, we kept saying, "In Japan bla-bla-bla...". But as they say, LIFE GOES ON.
Anyway, one of the hardest things about moving is starting your business again. In my case this is photography. As much as I want to keep doing my portrait photography business ASAP, I've decided to postpone it until everything is settled in because finding a studio, registering the LLC, and doing the promo aren't easy.
But photography is sort of a part of my soul now, I NEED to take pictures - the beautiful or conceptual ones :)
I have a pretty long list of conceptual pictures I want to do, and one of them is the levitation series photoshoot.
I actually did this about 4 years ago before we left for Japan, but at that time photography was just part of my 'hobby', and my skill was.. umh.. basic, plus I had no website or blog!
Long story short, I contacted Lam asking him to do this levitation series again - yep, 4 years ago he was my model for the levitation pictures :) I'm so so glad that Lam is taking his undergraduate school in the Seattle University, and more so when he said YES for doing this project with me! :)
Aaaaand.. Last weekend, I met with Lam, and did our first levitation series photoshoot. The theme's "Shopping in Uwajimaya" :) I didn't take a lot of pictures at Uwajimaya, as I had not found my 'mojo' yet (LOL), but well.. here are some pictures we got at Uwajimaya.
We already have a plan for our next levitation series photo, since this will be my monthly project photoshoot :)
PS: These were all made in the camera, no photoshop or whatsoever :)
Shopping in Uwajimaya | Levitation Series
It's been 19 days since Brian and I have been back in the good ol' USA, and as expected, the reverse culture shock syndrome is setting in.


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I'm a PS3 owner, but mostly for the opposite reasons according to a co-worker. Most people own a PS3 for the games and then the blu-ray movies is a big plus. I like it for the blu-ray movie playing ability, and then the games are a plus. And with the recent announcement that Warner is going to be blu-ray exclusive too, it pretty much seals the fate of the HDDVD.
The HD format war may be closing as to what the next-gen disc format, but the real future is not in these physical disc– it's in digital downloads. But we are still years away from this. We don't yet have the bandwidth to download HD content on the fly, in a reasonable amount of time. Nor do we have a system that brings it all together.
My dream of this digital lifestyle, is one where we don't run PCs anymore. We all access data through advanced terminals. There will be no need to have a PC because our data isn't stored locally as the main storage. Instead, we will have "digital lockers" where we can keep all our files (movies, music, pictures, etc). When we buy a movie or a song, we store it in our account, and if need be, we can re-download it– because we own it.
I hope this dream can come true within say, 10 years. The technology (hardware/software) is more or less ready, it's the politics and legal issues that's in the way.


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IRS Form 1098-T
On this page:
- General Information
- Official 2018 IRS Form 1098-T Instructions for Students
- Change in Reporting Methodology for 2018
General Information
Wright State University follows new IRS reporting requirements effective for Calendar Year 2018 by system generating IRS Form 1098-T annually for students with qualified tuition and related expenses (QTRE) paid in excess of scholarships and grants. Under prior year guidance, Wright State University reported Qualified Tuition and Related Expenses (QTRE) billed. Beginning with the 2018 reporting year, Box 2 of Form 1098-T is blank (reserved by the IRS for future use).
Per Internal Revenue Service Instructions for Form 8863, education credits are based on the amount of adjusted qualified education expenses paid in 2018 (e.g. check, cash, credit cards, loans) for academic periods beginning in 2018 or the first 3 months of 2019.
Please note any amount paid in 2017 or 2019 cannot be included as qualified education expenses when computing 2018 education credits. Due to a change to institutional reporting requirements under federal law, beginning with the tax year 2018, we will report in Box 1 of Form 1098-T the amount of Qualified Tuition and Related Expenses (QTRE) you paid during the year.
Additional information regarding your student account activity can be found by logging onto WINGS and WINGS Express.
- To view student account information, select "Student and Financial Aid", "Student Fees ", "Student Account Options" and click "Student Account Summary" which will take you to our e-commerce site. At the e-commerce site, select either "View Activity" or "View Statements" to review charges and payments on your account.
- Students can view 1098-T statements online by clicking "IRS 1098-T Tax Notification" under the "Student Fees" link, then enter tax year and click "Submit".
Wright State University cannot offer tax advice; therefore, we encourage students to consult with a tax advisor to determine eligibility for any educational tax benefit. Additional information regarding Education Tax Benefits can be found at http://www.irs.gov/ by searching for education tax benefits.
Official 2018 IRS Form 1098-T Instructions for Students
An eligible educational institution, such as a college or university in which you are enrolled, and an insurer who makes reimbursements or refunds of qualified tuition and related expenses to you must furnish this statement to you. You, or the person who can claim you as a dependent, may be able to claim an education credit on Form 1040 or 1040A only for the qualified tuition and related expenses that were actually paid in 2018. To see if you qualify for the credit, see Pub. 970, Tax Benefits for Education; Form 8863, Education Credits; and the Form 1040 or 1040A instructions.
Your institution must include its name, address, and information contact telephone number on this statement. It may also include contact information for a service provider. Although the filer or the service provider may be able to answer certain questions about the statement, do not contact the filer or the service provider for explanations of the requirements for (and how to figure) any education credit that you may claim.
- Student's identification number - For your protection, this form may show only the last four digits of your social security number (SSN), individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN), or adoption taxpayer identification number (ATIN). However, the issuer has reported your complete identification number to the IRS and, where applicable, to state and/or local governments.
- Account number May show an account or other unique numbers the filer assigned to distinguish your account.
- Box 1 Shows the total payments received by an eligible educational institution in 2018 from any source for qualified tuition and related expenses less any reimbursements or refunds made during 2018 that relate to those payments received during 2018. [WSU NOTE: Beginning in 2018, Wright State University reports amounts paid in Box 1; therefore, Box 2 is blank on our Form 1098-T. See below.]
- Box 2 [WSU NOTE: Beginning in 2018, Wright State University reports amounts paid in Box 1; therefore, Box 2 is reserved by the IRS for a future use.]
- Box 3 Shows whether your educational institution changed its method of reporting for 2018. It has changed its method of reporting if the method (payments received) used for 2018 is different than the reporting method (amounts billed) for 2017. You should be aware of this change in figuring your education credits. The credits are allowable only for amounts actually paid during the year and not amounts reported as billed, but not paid, during the year.
- Box 4 Shows any adjustment made by an eligible educational institution for a prior year for qualified tuition and related expenses that were reported on a prior year Form 1098-T. This amount may reduce any allowable education credit that you claimed for the prior year (may result in an increase in tax liability for the year of the refund). See "recapture" in the index to Pub. 970 to report a reduction in your education credit or tuition and fees deduction.
- Box 5 Shows the total of all scholarships or grants administered and processed by the eligible educational institution. The amount of scholarships or grants for the calendar year (including those not reported by the institution) may reduce the amount of the education credit you claim for the year.
- Box 6 Shows adjustments to scholarships or grants for a prior year. This amount may affect the amount of any allowable tuition and fees deduction or education credit that you claimed for the prior year. You may have to file an amended income tax return (Form 1040X) for the prior year.
- Box 7 Shows whether the amount in box 1 includes amounts for an academic period beginning January – March 2019. See Pub. 970 for how to report these amounts.
- Box 8 Shows whether you are considered to be carrying at least one-half the normal full-time workload for your course of study at the reporting institution.
- Box 9 Shows whether you are considered to be enrolled in a program leading to a graduate degree, graduate-level certificate, or other recognized graduate-level educational credential.
- Box 10 Shows the total amount of reimbursements or refunds of qualified tuition and related expenses made by an insurer. The amount of reimbursements or refunds for the calendar year may reduce the amount of any education credit you can claim for the year (may result in an increase in tax liability for the year of the refund).
- Future developments: For the latest information about developments related to FORM 1098-T and its instructions, go to https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i1098et.pd
Change in Reporting Methodology for 2018
In previous years, your 1098-T included a figure in Box 2 that represented the qualified tuition and related expenses (QTRE) we billed to your student account for the calendar (tax) year. Due to a change to institutional reporting requirements under federal law, beginning with the tax year 2018, we will report in Box 1 the amount of QTRE you paid during the year.
Note: A Form 1098-T will be system generated only for those individuals who paid qualified tuition and related expenses in excess of scholarships during the calendar year.
Depending on your income (or your family's income, if you are a dependent), whether you were considered full or half-time enrolled, and the amount of your qualified educational expenses for the year, you may be eligible for a federal education tax credit. (You can find detailed information about claiming education tax credits in IRS Publication 970, page 9.)
The dollar amounts reported on your Form 1098-T may assist you in completing IRS Form 8863 – the form used for calculating the education tax credits that a taxpayer may claim as part of your tax return.
Wright State University is unable to provide you with individual tax advice, but should you have questions, you should seek the counsel of an informed tax preparer or adviser.
Below is a blank sample of the 2018 Form 1098-T, that you may receive in January 2019, for your general reference. For more information about Form 1098-T, visit https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f1098t.pdf.


text: 07 • 02 • 15 Oakdale MN Newborn photographer | Gorgeous Baby Girl Gorgeous Abigail came to see me this week for her newborn session, and oh my…She is such a beauty! PINIMAGEPINIMAGEPINIMAGEPINIMAGE PINIMAGEPINIMAGE Minnesota Newborn Photographer | Baby Girl Previous Post Eagan MN Baby Photographer | 2 month old baby girl Next Post Back to TopEMAILPOSTFacebookPOSTTweetPOSTSubscribe no comments Your email is never published or shared. Required fields are marked * Name * Email * Website Comment


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The Kinethics team members came back from winter break much more prepared than we had been last August. After a successful Pitch Day, we wrote a proposal outlining how we would build and test our prototype for interactive compliance training during the next semester.
That's right: My team of four women dreamed up a new product — a culturally-specific and interactive compliance training service — and this semester we're working on launching it.
The bible for our training program is the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, a law that, in very simple terms, prohibits American companies and agents from bribing foreign officials. The first thing we needed to do was learn the act ourselves.
We broke up the 100 pages of the Justice Department's guide to the act and each wrote a "cheat sheet" for our section.
My section was the "Anti-Bribery Provisions." It was long, complicated and intensely fascinating (at least to me). We've all learned that the law is much less cut-and-dry than we thought before.
I've always enjoyed reading, even dry material. After all, I'm a journalist. But there was something different about reading and knowing I didn't just have to take a test or write an article at the end. The end game here is a real business.
This week-and-a-half has been a whirlwind of "real." So real, in fact, that I can't even write about it online.
I've learned more about business in the last week than I have in any of those classes. Now, I go to all of my classes and think about how they tie into Kinethics.
In Media Ethics, I think about how to use the principle of "right vs. right" in our training.
In Operations, I try to decide how we will forecast demand in the future.
We're not just students or interns anymore. Our decisions with Kinethics will have real monetary impact.
This week has at times been stressful, exciting and tedious. But most of all, it's been real.


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Black and white - it's so very pleasing to the senses!
I love blue and white in this context, it looks like a teacosy made of broken china.
And of course, the homage to Clarice Cliff. There was a CC tea set on the Antiques Roadshow tonight, only two trios but a full teapot, sugar and milk, and they valued it at £2,500!! I wish my tea cosies would sell for that, but it won't be quite so much ;-)


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The use of liquid nitrogen used to make ice cream is not new, but a group of college friends have launched India's first ice cream made using liquid nitrogen.
The ice cream is sold under the brand name of Cherry Comet, from two outlets the company operates in Sangam Courtyard Mall, Delhi and DLF Cyberhub, Gurgaon, both in National Capital Region (NCR).
Rohan Bajla, a former business consultant at American Express, Saransh Goyal, an investment banker with Deutsche Bank, and Anirudh Singh an SAS-certified engineer and part-time comic book writer, are the brains behind using liquid nitrogen in ice cream in India.
Explaning how it works, one of the partners said the liquid nitrogen has to reach a boiling point of -196.4ºC. When poured into the ice cream base the liquid nitrogen boils and turns to gas within seconds, drawing out the latent heat in the ice cream base.
This freezes the base, transforming it into ice cream instantly. Because this process is so fast, the ice crystals constituting the ice cream are much smaller than the ones in traditional ice creams – giving the ice cream a uniquely creamy and smooth texture, he adds.
The company says that it produces ice cream without any artificial flavours, colours or preservatives using liquid nitrogen, and currently has 20 flavours on its menu.


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call us on:01709 376 555
Support Worker Job Description
- Job title: Support Worker
- Responsible to: Educare Staffing Management Team
- Working hours: Flexible
- Employment type: Flexible/Bank
- Salary: £8.00 – £15.00p/h
Brief description of employment opportunityYour main duty as an Educare Staffing Support Worker is to promote independence; aid service users develop 'life skills' and support day to day activities whilst maintaining a safe working environment for all. At times you may be asked to work in other establishments.
What you can expect in a day at our client's establishment?At the beginning of your shift you will attend a staff handover, where you are partnered with an individual service user. At times you may also be partnered up with another support worker depending on the severity of the individual's disability. Once assigned, you will begin your duties and support the service user throughout the duration of you shift. Sometimes your assigned individual may show aggressive behaviour, it is important to understand that the service users are living with learning disabilities and can be very challenging. It is essential to demonstrate an understanding and sympathetic approach when defusing situations. On some days, your assigned individual will be participating in activities such as going for a coffee, shopping or even sports, it would be your duty to ensure safety and to pursue this by encouraging and assisting with activities each individual is passionate about. Always bear in mind that help is constantly on hand, so you should never feel on your own and unsupported.
What we expect;Whilst you are in employment with Educare Staffing at our client's establishment, we expect you to;
- Build rapport with the service users
- Show empathy and patience at all times
- Ensure medical and documentation expectations are met at all times
- Do everything possible to ensure a safe working environment
- Attend and take part in any activities that your assigned service user is enrolled for
- Ensure your assigned service user is prepared their scheduled meals
- Follow each individual care plans
- Participate in staff meetings/handovers
- Provide personal care when needed
- Ensure all clothing has been washed
- Attend shifts in a timely and punctual manner
- Show willingness to learn
- Work overtime if requested
- Manage the service user's money
- Ensure accurate records are maintained and filed if applicable
- Communicate with us regularly
- Follow our timesheet procedure
- Ensure you have advised us of what you are working
- Maintain a professional image at all times
- Demonstrate confident, efficient services at all times
- Wear appropriate clothing tailored to the job
- Complete required tasks in a timely and efficient manner.


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Research suggests that false burglar alarms result from three main causes:
One U.K. study found that user error caused about 50 percent of alarm activations (Gill and Hemming 2003).
The alarm industry suggests user error accounts for the largest portion of false calls, poor installation is on the decline, and faulty equipment is less of a problem given recent technological advances [International Association of Chiefs of Police n.d.(a)].
These are not the sole causes. Bad weather, alarm monitoring-center mistakes, and alarm line errors also falsely signal a burglars presence.8
Commercial properties tend to have even higher false alarm rates than residential properties because more people tend to share responsibility for activating and deactivating the alarm systems, and the systems tend to be more complex. The rate of false alarms for commercial alarm users may be as much as three times higher than the rate of false alarms among residential alarm users.9 Chronic false alarm activations are often due to inadequate employee training or inferior systems that have not been upgraded.
Burglar alarms are intended to prevent burglary and to help police apprehend burglars, which, if done reliably and efficiently, benefits the public at large. If, however, burglar alarms are unreliable or inefficient, the drain on police resources from responding to them may outweigh their benefits. Here we review the evidence of burglar alarms contribution to these two worthwhile objectives.
Studies from both the United States and the United Kingdom have shown burglar alarms to be among the most effective burglary-deterrence measures.10 However, a number of other measures that do not impose a substantial burden on police are also effective at preventing burglary. Occupancy, or signs of occupancy, is the biggest deterrent. In addition, closed-circuit television, window bars, barking dogs, nosy neighbors, and motion-activated lights have also been shown to be effective. For the most part, burglars avoid alarmed premises because easier choices are usually available.11 Given the availability of non-alarmed premises and similarly unprotected targets (such as houses with open garage doors or windows), burglars may be deterred by the mere presence of an alarm companys window sticker or yard sign.12
Do burglar alarms account for burglary declines in the United States? The U.S. burglary rate has declined steadily and substantially since the early 1980s.13 During the same time, the number of premises with alarms rose, but there is no evidence of a link between the two. During the 1990s through 2004, when alarm ownership experienced a steep rise, other types of crime declined just as sharply as burglary, suggesting that factors other than an increase in the number of alarm systems fueled the burglary decline.
See the POP guides titled Burglary of Single-Family Houses and Burglary of Retail Establishments for more complete coverage of burglary prevention measures.
Are alarms an efficient and effective way to catch burglars? Although burglary remains one of the most frequently reported crimes, the clearance rate for U.S. burglaries has remained below 15 percent for many years.14 Clearly, whatever contribution burglar alarms are making to solving burglary cases is modest, at best.
The available research does not provide much support for alarms value in catching burglars. One study found that police were more likely to catch burglars in the act on premises without alarms than those with alarm systems.15 Police responses to burglary calls at locations without alarms are typically the result of an eyewitness, such as a neighbor, which is more reliable than an alarm.
Proper installation of alarm systems is essential to prevent false alarms. Photo credit: Bob Morris
Each false alarm requires approximately 20 minutes of police time, usually for two officers. This costs the public hundreds of millions of dollars. In the vast majority of jurisdictions, the cost of responding to false alarms is not recouped through fines. Jurisdictions trying to recoup costs generally omit the lost-opportunity costs, a potentially significant part of the equation. Typical costs include
Lost-opportunity costs might include time that police could have spent conducting problem-solving efforts to reduce documented crime and disorder, reducing repeat calls at crime hot spots, and engaging the community in public safety initiatives. These all compete with time spent on chronic false-alarm response.
In addition, in some jurisdictions, officers have sustained injuries or their vehicles have been damaged as the result of traffic accidents while responding to false alarm calls.
As an inducement to buy an alarm system, a number of companies offer free monitoring services for the first few months. Many insurance companies offer discounts on insurance premiums to customers with operable alarm systems. These discounts may be as much as 20 percent for commercial customers, and slightly less for residential owners.16 In addition, many police departments offer several free false alarms before imposing any fine, even though the cost to respond is significant right from the start. The offers of free monitoring services by alarm companies and discounts from insurers call into question the appropriateness of the current trend in U.S. policing of allowing three or four free false alarms per calendar year, because they provide no up-front incentives to encourage owners to prevent false alarms.
Certain burglary prevention measures have costs only to the owner. Lights, locks, and bars installed by a property owner (if within the fire code) are cost-free to the rest of the community. The individual purchaser bears these costs. On the other hand, alarm systems are not cost-free to the community, especially if up to 98 percent of alarms are false but still require the time and resources of a police response.
In 2004, 86 percent of Dallas, Texas, households and businesses (representing the percent of unalarmed premises in the City ) subsidized the police alarm response to the 14 percent of households and businesses that have alarms (Dallas City Council 2005).
Another social cost of burglar alarms is the noise neighbors endure when audible alarms sound, fueling noise complaint calls to the police. Some callers seek to alert the police that a neighboring alarm has been activated. Others merely want the police to stop the noise. In many jurisdictions, legislators have passed time restrictions for audible alarms, limiting them to 15 or 20 minutes and prohibiting extra sounding cycles.
In New South Wales, Australia, the Environmental Protection Authority prohibits the sale of building-intruder alarms produced after September 1997 that sound for more than five minutes or that can automatically reset and sound again, since police and insurance groups have reported that most burglaries are over within five minutes. See www.environment.nsw.gov.au/noise/alarms.htm.
One of the hidden costs of false burglar alarms is that they can distort the proper geographic distribution of police. False burglar alarms do not necessarily concentrate in the same places where crime in general, or burglary in particular, concentrates. Burglary rates are typically much higher in urban areas than in either suburban or rural areas, and residential burglaries tend to concentrate in and around low-income areas. Yet more affluent areas tend to have burglar alarms.17 In 2004, those at highest risk for burglary had household incomes below $25,000. Those with incomes below $7,500 were at the greatest risk, having twice the risk of households with incomes of $75,000 or more.18 In the United Kingdom, the risk of burglary among those with household income less than 5,000 was twice the national average.19 To the extent that calls-for-service data (which can be heavily skewed by alarm calls) are used to allocate police personnel to different areas, more officers might be assigned where there are a lot of false burglar alarms rather than where there is a lot of crime. No matter where they are assigned, officers spending time responding to false burglar alarms have less time available to attend to other crime problems.
In 2004, the burglary rate for urban areas was higher than rural or suburban areas: 41.9 burglaries per 1,000 urban households; 27.8 per 1,000 rural households; and 23.2 per suburban households (Catalano 2005 [PDF] ).
So, while alarm systems may have some benefit for alarm owners as part of an overall security package, the question remains whether non-alarm owners in the community should shoulder a share of the cost. If alarm use resulted in enhanced public safetythat is, alarms led to much higher burglar apprehension rates or, ideally, fewer burglaries across an entire jurisdictionits public value would be more evident. However, the fact that alarm calls are overwhelmingly false and do not contribute substantially to police ability to apprehend burglars makes the underwriting of alarm response by police and entire communities (all taxpayers subsidize police response to alarmed properties) an expensive and inefficient approach to burglary reduction across an entire jurisdiction.
User errors account for a high percentage of false burglar alarms. Photo: Bob Morris
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After months and months of brutally cold weather; Summer is finally here to stay! For those of us in New York City, the arrival of Summer is bittersweet. While we no longer have to worry about bundling up in scarves, hats, boots, and jackets just to walk to the subway, we are now faced with another dilemma: being stuck in the concrete jungle longing for luscious green grass and flowers.
We, over here at EPiC, have a solution to assist you in the summer months ahead! Bring some of Summer's nature to your home or office. There are great variety of plants to consider, but we particularly love herbs, aromatic flowers, and succulents. Here are some design ideas that we love and vendors we love to work with!
Window Boxes
Window boxes are simple to set up and offer the perfect space to add some greenery into your life. We recommend planting flowers to add pops of color to your home of course, basil and mint! Because we know that its not summer until you can indulge in a caprese salad with fresh basil or a mojito with fresh mint picked from your very own window sill garden! Look here to see some more good indoor house plants that not only look beautiful but smell wonderful as well!
Here are some ideas of window boxes that will work in small spaces and apartments:
Shelf and Desk Decor
For those who do not want to obstruct their windows with planters, there are plenty of other ways to introduce greenery into your apartment. Adorn a bookcase, etagere, or desk with a small scale potted plant such as a succulent or a cactus. These do not require much care, but it is important to take into consideration the location and the amount of sunlight that the plants will have access to. A good resource for these little succulents is The Sill.
Shop these Ideas
Here is a list of some of our favorite places to search for plants in the city:
Some of our favorite places to scout for interesting, aromatic, and beautiful plants are:
Union Square Farmer's Market
(Open Monday, Wednesday, Friday, & Saturday 8:00 AM- 6:00PM; Union Square)
(organic body and garden store)
Gea's Garden Jewels
(247 E 10th St)
And don't forget the Plant District on 28th St and 6th Ave
(find out a little more about this area here)


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Curried Sweet Potato Soup
From Clean Eating, here is a warm, delicious soup:
1 Vidalia onion, chopped
1 clove garlic, minced
2 stalks celery, chopped
1 tbsp olive oil
1 lb sweet potatoes, peeled and chopped
1 lb butternut squash, peeled and chopped
6 cups low-sodium vegetable broth
2 tsp curry powder
1/2 tsp turmeric
1 tsp fresh lemon juice
1/2 cup nonfat plain Greek yogurt
1/4 cup chopped fresh cilantro
In a large pot over medium-high heat, sauté onion, garlic and celery in oil until soft, about 5 minutes.
Add sweet potatoes, squash, broth, curry powder and turmeric and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to low and simmer until sweet potato and squash are tender, about 20 to 25 minutes.
Remove from heat, cool slightly and transfer mixture to a blender or food processor. Purée until smooth.
Stir in lemon juice and serve with 2 tbsp yogurt and 1 tbsp cilantro.
Original Source: https://www.cleaneatingmag.com/recipes/curried-sweet-potato-soup


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Barcelona have watched Krzysztof Piatek, Nicolas Pepe and Luka Jovic this season as they begin to think about a long-term replacement for Luis Suarez, sources have confirmed to ESPN FC.
Suarez remains a key figure at Camp Nou but he will turn 32 in January and Barca acknowledge they need to think about the future. Munir El Haddadi is the only other forward in the first team but is out of contract in the summer and is unlikely to sign a new deal as things stand.
Paco Alcacer, meanwhile, has impressed on loan at Borussia Dortmund this season and the German club are keen to make the move permanent.
Genoa's Piatek, Lille's Pepe and Eintracht Frankfurt's Jovic all feature on a long list of potential attacking targets who Barca have been monitoring.
Piatek, 23, joined Genoa from Cracovia in the summer and has already scored 13 goals in 13 appearances for the Italian side -- despite failing to find the back of the net in each of his last five matches. Pepe is a wide player but Barca believe he could adapt to a more central role. The 23-year-old has scored eight goals in Ligue 1 so far this season.
Jovic, a Serbia international, has caught the club's attention following his impressive start to the season. He has scored 12 times in all competitions this campaign -- including five in one game against Fortuna Dusseldorf -- and is the Bundesliga's top scorer.
The 20-year-old is on a two-year loan at Frankfurt from Benfica, although the German club plan to activate a clause which allows them to make the deal permanent.
Suarez, who has nine goals this season, is relaxed about the club's plans to bring in another forward. Speaking earlier this month, he said it is normal that Barca are thinking about his heir.
"When they say Barcelona need a new No. 9, there's nothing strange about it," he said. "Obviously they have to bring players in.
"I am 31 and Barca have to think, as a club, about the future. They are always going to need strikers, left-backs or whatever position it may be."
While Barca have begun the search for a new striker, though, their immediate priorities lie in defence and midfield.
Sources have confirmed that Ajax duo Matthijs de Ligt and Frenkie de Jong plus Paris Saint-Germain midfielder Adrien Rabiot are all potential targets, while the option of signing Manchester United midfielder Paul Pogba continues to split the board.


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Charlie Murphy: comedy, drugs and life with brother Eddie
Once, Charlie Murphy protected young Eddie on the mean streets of New York. Now he's making his own name in comedy
Charlie Murphy tells his children — Xavier, 13, and Ava, 6 — that they're lucky they are not growing up alongside their father when he was a child, " 'cos I would rob you. I would take your shoes. I asked my son: 'Has anyone run your pockets?' He doesn't know what it means. That's so far from his reality."
Charlie is an actor and screenwriter turned stand-up comedian soon to embark on his first UK tour and determined to be seen as more than "Eddie Murphy's brother". At 53 Charlie is two years older and more handsome than his film-star brother. Tall and muscular, he confesses to having been a "devilish kid" growing up in Brooklyn. "I specialised in teasing people. If you had…


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Earlier this year I released 2 of my 3 pattern contributions from the 2013 Year In Colour Club (the Patina Socks and the Framed Slouch). As you know, Club patterns are exclusive to Club members for the duration of the Club year, but once the calendar year is up, patterns are made available to all! That is unless you're me and you sit on your pretty little shawlette pattern for an extra 5 months because there is this pesky little thing that you want to fix.
I've finally fixed an error in the written instructions and with that, I'm happy to announce that the Papaya Shawlette has joined the rest of the 2013 Year In Colour Club patterns and is now available for purchase on Ravelry!
For all the details on this lovely little knit that combines crisp cables and graphic lace, see the Ravelry pattern page or last year's July Club blog post. This would make a great KAL project!


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Inside the Third Reich (1982)
Directed by Marvin J. ChomskyGenres - Drama | Sub-Genres - Biopic [feature] | Run Time - 190 min. | Countries - United States | MPAA Rating - NR
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Synopsis by Hal Erickson
The two-part TV movie Inside the Third Reich was based on the extraordinary revelatory (if self-serving) autobiographical book by Albert Speer. Played herein by Rutger Hauer, Speer is a young man of privilege in pre-Hitler Germany who happens to be a brilliant architect. Becoming a member of Hitler's inner circle, Speer is appointed the Nazi regime's master builder. According to this film, Speer is egomaniacal and ambitious, but somewhat blinded to the inherent evils of Nazism. Though he'd later claim to be ignorant of Hitler's horrific policies aimed at the Jews, he was certainly aware of the use of Jewish prisoners as slave labor: as Germany's armaments minister during World War II, Speer exploited these enslaved unfortunates as much as anyone, if not more so. The cast includes Derek Jacobi as Hitler, Blythe Danner as Speer's wife Margarethe, John Gielgud as Speer's father, Ian Holm as Goebbels, Maurice Roeves as Hess, and George Murcell as Goering. Originally running 5 hours, Inside the Third Reich was filmed in Munich; it was first telecast on May 9 and 10, 1982.
anti-Semitism, architecture, blueprints, Germany, Nazi, Third-Reich


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If you miss the due date for a payment by a few days but then catch up, it shouldn't appear in your credit report. For a late payment to appear on a credit report, you must miss a full billing cycle. That means your payment must be a full 30 days late.
For example, if your bill is due on the first day of the month but you don't make the payment until the third day of the month, it won't be reported to the credit bureaus. If you still haven't paid it and the next billing statement arrives, it will be reported. At that point, it would be reported as a being 30 days late.
That doesn't mean you won't see other consequences from the lender. If you miss your payment by even a day or two, you could face penalties such as late fees or an increase in interest rates on the account. The fees and higher interest will affect you financially but they will not appear in your credit report.
More on this topic can be found on Ask Experian.
Check out the scope to hear answers to all the questions asked: view scope.
Do you have questions about credit?
Join our live video chat every Tuesday and Thursday at 3:00 p.m. ET on Periscope. Rod Griffin, Director of Public Education at Experian, is available to answer your questions live.
Scoped on: 8/22/2017


text: Working with my kid has been a wonderful experience so far. Often I feel that my drawing gets too tight and controlled and I am just not a strong enough draftsman to work that rigidly. My strengths lie more in color than in line. Yet it is hard for me to loosen up and I struggle and get stuck. Collaborating with my six year old and sometimes even just letting go and handing her the woodblock and a pencil has been exactly what I needed to let go and loosen up. She is thrilled to see her lines translated to print form on beautiful paper with beautiful colors and I have noticed her drawing getting stronger and her artistic passion increasing. And my style still shines through all of it. Turns out we make a pretty great team.


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This is going to be an extremely fun week. Learn more about last year's fun and games. Think of me on Wednesday morning as I lie unconscious in the procedure room at the hospital. I consider this to be an extremely embarrassing activity and it brings out my feelings of vulnerability. It is also an activity that is sure to make me hungry since I can't eat on Tuesday.
I learned a valuable lesson last year: it is counterproductive and not at all realistic to play tennis after full anesthesia. Not only did I suck at tennis, but my driving skills were diminished so getting to tennis was dicey. I will not drive on Wednesday and any tennis playing is out of the question. My wisdom acquired last year also helped me to decide to get a sub for my Tuesday night tennis. I had thought of taking the prep for the colonoscopy and then playing my usual 7:45 p.m. tennis game, but I decided that this would be improper and dangerous. I think that this shows a new maturity, but my decision diminishes any potential blog material that I might have derived from the experience.
Life after inflammatory breast cancer is filled with tennis and stupid surgeries! It's all good.
Saturday, April 7, 2012
Oh Joy Of Joys--Colonoscopy and Endoscopy Coming Soon!
1 comment:
- AnonymousApril 8, 2012 at 12:35 PM
Blogging often gives meaning and structure to one's life and entertainment to one's readers, but commonsense must occasionally prevail!ReplyDelete
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I Have Been Herceptin Free For One Year!
I am still cancer free and I have really loved not having my Herceptin every three or four weeks. Instead, I go to see my oncologist every ...


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Tourism to mainland amazon employee treatmentholds steady
Author:Mushroom | 2018-12-04 09:47:37 | amazonemployeetreatment
Buying Custom Silicone Wristbands Online Skilled Assistance And Fun
Visits by people from Hong Kong fall by nearly 3 percent, but spending is up
Visits to the Chinese mainland remained steady in the first half of 2018, showing only a slight year-on-year decline of 0.4 percent, according to a report released by the China Tourism Academy on Wednesday.
Nearly 70 million visits were made to the Chinese mainland over the past six months, but visits by travelers from Hong Kong - about 39 million - dropped nearly 3 percent.
"The drop in visits by Hong Kong residents influenced the inbound tourism market in the past half year," said Dai Bin, chairman of the academy.
But the market has been in an upturn in the past few years, as visits to the Chinese mainland saw a rise of 0.8 percent year-on-year in 2017, he said.
Revenue generated by inbound tourism, however, saw a rise of 2.8 percent over the past six months compared with the same period in 2017, reaching $61.8 billion, according to the report.
"We remain positive toward the inbound tourism market as foreigners and residents from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan spend more money during their visits," Dai said.
Cang Feifei, deputy general manager at Huangshan Haijing International Travel Agency, headquartered in Huangshan, Anhui province, said the agency has processed about 9,000 visitors, with most of them coming from Japan, Malaysia and Canada so far this year.
"Visitors from Japan have boomed since last year," she said. "We usually receive hundreds of Japanese visitors a year, but we"ve received more than 6,000 Japanese travelers since September."
She is convinced the inbound tourism market has a promising future.
"Infrastructure is improving at domestic attractions, and agencies are offering more and better services than before. The rich traditional culture and marvelous landscape on the Chinese mainland are also attractive to travelers," she said.
Myanmar, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan and the United States were the top five source countries for visitors to the Chinese mainland in the first six months of 2018.
"We hope that more preferential policies will be released - on visas, for example - to help drive inbound tourism for business visits, study exchanges and culture-oriented tours," Dai said.


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- Home
- About
- Areas of work
- Data, intelligence and trends
- Policy and Governance
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- Destination Management
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- Contact us
Urban Tourism
According to UNWTO, Urban Tourism is "a type of tourism activity which takes place in an urban space with its inherent attributes characterized by non-agricultural based economy such as administration, manufacturing, trade and services and by being nodal points of transport. Urban/city destinations offer a broad and heterogeneous range of cultural, architectural, technological, social and natural experiences and products for leisure and business".
According to the United Nations, in 2015, 54% of the world's population lived in urban areas and, by 2030, this share is expected to reach 60%. Along with other key pillars, tourism constitutes a central component in the economy, social life and the geography of many cities in the world and is thus a key element in urban development policies.
Urban tourism can represent a driving force in the development of many cities and countries contributing to the progress of the New Urban Agenda and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, in particular, Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Tourism is intrinsically linked to how a city develops itself and provides more and better living conditions to its residents and visitors.
Fulfilling tourism's potential as a tool of sustainable and inclusive growth for cities requires a multi-stakeholder and multilevel approach based on close cooperation among tourism and non-tourism administrations at different levels, private sector, local communities and tourists themselves. Likewise, the sustainable development and management of tourism in cities needs to be integrated into the wider urban agenda.
UNWTO Global Summits on Urban Tourism:
- 1st UNWTO Global Summit on City Tourism, 2012, Istanbul, Turkey
- 2nd UNWTO Global Summit on City Tourism, 2013, Moscow, Russian Federation
- 3rd UNWTO Global Summit on City Tourism, 2014, Barcelona, Spain
- 4th UNWTO Global Summit on City Tourism, 2015, Marrakesh, Morocco
- 5th UNWTO Global Summit on City Tourism, 2016, Luxor, Egypt
- 6th UNWTO Global Summit on City Tourism, 2017, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 7th UNWTO Global Summit on Urban Tourism, 2018, Seoul, Republic of Korea
UNWTO Conference on City Breaks: Creating Innovative Tourism Experiences, 15-16 October 2018, Valladolid, Spain
First UNWTO Mayors Forum for Sustainable Urban Tourism - 'Cities for all: building cities for citizens and visitors', 5 April 2019, Lisbon, Portugal
UNWTO-WTCF City Tourism Performance Research: UNWTO and the World Tourism Cities Federation (WTCF) jointly launched the 'UNWTO-WTCF City Tourism Performance Research', an analysis of good practices of urban tourism in the areas of:
- Destination Management
- Economic Impact
- Social and Cultural Impact
- Environmental Impact
- Technology & New Business Models
UNWTO Report 'Overtourism'? – Understanding and Managing Urban Tourism Growth beyond Perceptions: The report analyzes the perception of residents towards tourism in eight European cities – Amsterdam, Barcelona, Berlin, Copenhagen, Lisbon, Munich, Salzburg and Tallinn – and proposes 11 strategies and 68 measures to help understand and manage visitor's growth in urban destinations.
Overtourism Factsheet available in English and Spanish.
UNWTO/IPSOS Global survey on the perception of residents towards city tourism: impact and measures (available in English and Spanish): The research aims at understanding the perception of residents towards city tourism, its impacts, as well as the most adequate strategies to manage the growing tourism flows in cities.
Executive Summary available in English and Spanish.
In the framework of the UNWTO-WTCF City Tourism Performance Research, two Technical Workshops were organized to present to results of the applied methodology:
Recommendations and good practices
- UNWTO Policy Recommendations on managing urban tourism growth (forthcoming)
- UNWTO Benchmarking of New Platform Tourism Services in the accommodation industry (forthcoming)
Product Development Project
The Precious Time project was created to develop a tourism product targeting the premium segment in cities and serve as a model for tourism product development in urban destinations. The project gathered public and private sector partners from diverse areas such as technology, hospitality, arts and culture, handicrafts, retail shoppers, design and insurance, working together under a guiding theme to create new and innovative products, targeted at an urbanite tourist.
The pilot project was conducted in the city of Madrid in 2014 in collaboration with the Madrid City Council and with the support of Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism of Spain. Read more


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Dan Park
I'm a law student and this blog is for my study group. My name is Dan Park and I love the law. I have always been interested in the legal system. From a young age, I loved following the news and watching law shows, which I still enjoy doing to this day. I designed this blog to help my peers and friends through their struggles with law school. Sit back, relax, and take a break from the long readings and papers that you are assigned for class. You will enjoy connecting with me and others on my blog that are in the same boat as you! You are not alone and I want to teach and learn important studying tips and tricks that will help us to succeed and survive these next few years or months.


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YOU'RE AMAZING! Thank you for wanting to support a great cause!
OK - Tickets are usually on sale two weeks before a movie opens…
That is when you will hear from us. : )
Team FilmRaiser
*** We just sent you a copy of your submission *** (If you do not receive it - check your junk folder). And please add us to your address book: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Navy Jolly Roger Skull Crossed Bones Coin
When it comes to US Navy coin you have to check out this Navy Jolly Roger Skull Crossed Bones 4 Inch Magnum Coin!
This unique design features a 4 inch diameter 5mm depth caricature of the Jolly Roger hailing back to the days of sail and hankering remembrance of Treasure Island! The design has the trademark skull and crossbones with a flair of modern touch we find the antique silver Jolly Roger sporting a US Navy Enlisted Man's White Hat or "Dixie Cup" clenching a dagger in his teeth inlaid with the ill-gotten booty of antique gold. The dagger handle has such exquisite detail, you could almost imagine holding the blade in your hands! A closer look at the blade reveals a blood groove and scarring along the edges. This pirate knows his business, you best steer clear or suffer the fate of those who dared otherwise! Each coin is individually serialized making it a collector's item, something to be passed along to future generations to come.
Become one of the first ever to own this limited edition USN military challenge coin.
- The original Navy Jolly Roger Skull Crossed Bones Coin.
- Deep 3D relief with metallic accents
- 4 inch coin (5mm thickness) Magnum
- Highly detailed relief Commemorative antique silver with gold accents coin.
- Coins sold individually.