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TomBoii Boxer Brief Harness Red
TomBoii Boxer Brief Harness Red
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Variety is the spice of life and you will be rocking the whole spice rack with the versatile Tomboii II Boxer harness. First off, the breathable, machine-washable spandex is secure but comfortable, and you can wear it as underwear, or under loose...
Variety is the spice of life and you will be rocking the whole spice rack with the versatile Tomboii II Boxer harness. First off, the breathable, machine-washable spandex is secure but comfortable, and you can wear it as underwear, or under loose boxers if you prefer. Move the front closure to the side to reveal two O-rings for dildo strapping. You can choose if you want to strap high (traditional fit) or go low, which puts the base of the dildo near the wearer's clit. Or load up both openings for double penetration. There are three bullet sleeves on the harness above, below and between the O-rings to customize vibration for both partners. The Tomboi II is also a packing harness with a secure pouch for a packer and a slim elastic band to hold the packer balls. Lastly, there is an inner pocket designed to hold a lubette and a condom, or use it to stash $20 and your housekey. With this harness you'll be prepared for pretty much anything, ever.
Care Instructions:
Hand or gentle machine wash. Low temperature tumble dry or lay flat to dry.
Use only water or silicone based lubricants with this harness.
Tomboii sports two elastic O-rings that securely fits toys 1.25 - 2.25 inches in diameter and are designed to not lose their shape.
Note: Sizing may fit differently for different body shapes and types; to ensure you will get the right fit for your body, please see the sizing chart below for additional tips and help on choosing a size. We are not able to take returns or exchanges due to incorrect size.
Please note: This product is not eligible for discounts or promotions.
Brand: SpareParts HardWear
Product Details
Color: Red / Black
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Customer Reviews
I love this harness! I would agree with another review that states this is the best underwear style harness out there. I love that it has two holes to give you more of an option on where to wear the dildo. The fit is secure, comfortable and I also love that it has multiple options on where to place a bullet vibe for added clit stimulation for the harness-wearer. It's super easy to slip on, and can hold a whole range of my dildos that are all different sizes. It's also a really good harness specifically for pack and play use because it has the flap on the front where you can tuck the dildo. I find that this works the best with NYTC Shilo! Overall, if you want another harness style besides leather, this is my go to recommendation!
In my opinion, this is the best underwear-style harness out there. The fabric doesn't stretch out, it's sexy & flattering, and it has two O-rings to position your dildo at different heights or venture into double penetration. The only drawback is that if you have a fuller figure, the bottoms of the legs of these shorts might cut into your thighs (they don't have much give). I found that I got used to it though. Otherwise, this is great for beginners or folks to want to upgrade to a higher-quality harness.
The Tomboi II is a little longer than the Tomboi I but I like that it doubles as shorts. The material and fit is comfortable, sexy, masculine, and there's pockets for bullets? I'm down. I had the RodeOH before this and although I loved the fit and price, the cotton really started loosening after a few goes in the washer. Don't feel like I'll have that problem with this harness and that's a +++ in my eyes.
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Especially when buying clothes, online shoppers expect hassle-free and low cost returns. 9 out of 10 customers cancel their purchase due to shipping and return costs.
Every third German now buys apparel and accessories on the internet, according to a recent YouGov survey commissioned by the online review platform, Trustpilot. The survey revealed that for almost 90 percent of respondents, free shipping and returns were a very important factor when deciding whether or not to buy something on the web. In other words, online retailers that charge for shipping and returns are losing a large number of customers to shopping cart abandonment.
A similar article was featured in Der Handel
(All articles are in German)

subset: commoncrawl


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Despite the abundance of olive groves now scattered across the world, in both the northern and southern hemisphere, most olive oil continues to come from the Mediterranean. The intricate nature of the olive tree is evident in the many varieties of olives that exist. While colour, size and composition may all point towards a certain variety, the maturity of the olive plays an important role as it affects both the taste and the oil produced. Additionally, some olives are suitable only as table olives and others are suitable only to produce oil.
Kalamata is unique to Greece as it generates some of the finest extra virgin olive oil in the world primarily from one type of olive; the regal, smaller variety of olive known by its botanical name "Koroneiki". The olives are harvested when they are still green in order to ensure the title of "early picked" or "green" olive oils and are mainly present in the south Peloponnese and in some areas of Crete. What sets the Koroneiki apart when referring to the seed and the olive oil produced is the unique method of farming. What it lacks in quantity it makes up for in quality. These olives yield approximately 6 to 7 litres of the best olive oil which is golden-green in colour and is highly acclaimed for its fruity and fresh flavour.
Athinolia is a variety of olive that matures slowly and is collected from the end of December until the beginning of January. Its fruits have a medium size oval shape, with a weight of 2.2 to 2.9 grams and a length that can vary from 7.5 to 25 millimeters. When Athinolia and Koroneiki olives are mixed they produce a full-body extra virgin olive oil of a balanced and intricate fruity flavour.
Black olives
Black olives are a typically Greek type of olive which has been allowed to fully ripen on the tree before harvesting. The distinguishing characteristic which gives them the name "Greek" is the lack of lye in the de-bittering process. Their colour varies from red-violet-black to purple and deep black and their taste is fleshy and slightly fruity.
Green olives
Green olives come from varieties of Chondrolia in Chalkidiki a region in Northern Greece. They feature large sized berries, bright green-yellow colour and slightly bitter taste while they lack in grassiness. They are harvested by hand between 15 September to 15 October and after pitting they are re-evaluated in large tanks, so that only the best berries will be used.
Kalamata olives
Kalamata olives are named after the city of Kalamata in Messenia, southern Greece and are also grown in the nearby region of Laconia. They are almond-shaped, with a rich aubergine colour, smooth and meaty in texture and are harvested by hand only when fully ripe to protect their sensitive skin against bruising. Cured in salt brine and immersed in olive oil & wine vinegar, they acquire a characteristic light fruity flavour and sweetness. These olives are protected under the European Protected Geographical Status scheme.
Chalkidiki olives
Often referred to as Chalkidiki, the Halkidiki olive is grown exclusively in Greece in a region that is adjacent to Mount Athos. They are also known as "donkey olives" because of their large size and make excellent table olives.


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There are plenty of people who want more payload than a 4WD ute offers, but don't want a forward control truck, such as a Fuso Canter, Isuzu NLS or NPS 4x4. Alternatives until now have been limited to a 6x6 conversion on an existing bonnetted 4WD ute or the semi-bonnetted Mercedes-Benz Sprinter 4WD van and cab/chassis.
These alternatives have better comfort than Canter or NPS light trucks, but a 6x6 conversion is very expensive and the Sprinter's basic 4WD system is without proper low-range gearing. No diff locks and limited ground clearance also make the Sprinter 4x4 marginal for serious off-road work.
Following several months of testing and ADR homologation the post-2017 Iveco Daily 4WD range was made available. It had twice the payload of a 4x4 ute and better comfort and off-road ability than Japanese 4x4 light trucks. Allan Whiting went to the launch event.
The 4x4 light truck market is dominated by Japanese Isuzu NPS and Fuso Canters, but the Iveco Daily 4x4 has been making inroads since its 2013 release. The Daily 4x4 appeals to buyers who want ute-like wheel track, single tyres front and rear and a semi-forward-control configuration.
Mercedes-Benz' Sprinter 4x4 should also be a serious contender in this market, but M-B Australia offers only basic 4x4 equipment – no deep-reduction gearing or across-axle diff locks that other overseas markets get – so it's not considered by many buyers.
Launched in Australia in 2013 and based on the award-winning Daily 4x2 light truck range, the 4x4 version is built around a highly turbocharged diesel engine, six-speed main transmission, three-speed transfer box, ladder-frame chassis, taper-leaf springs and front and rear live axles fitted with across-axle diff locks. There's an additional diff lock in the transfer case.
For 2017 the Daily 4x4 configuration is unchanged, but the new model is more civilised. The cab exterior and interior are noticeably different.
The post-2013 Daily 4x4 is a much better than the company's first Daily 4x4 effort in the 1990s, with which it has nothing in common. The original Daily 4WD 75PC had independent torsion bar front suspension, an asthmatic diesel engine and a final drive ratio that limited cruising speed to around 90km/h. As a result, most of the ones that Britz bought and used as rental campervans blew up. Some of the older models are still around, surviving in low-speed, rural council applications.
Bush-ready powertrain
The main transmission operates in either direct-drive (1.0:1.0) or under-drive, via a lever that selects a 1:1.24 reduction. When driving with the transfer case in high range the truck can operate with highway gearing that drops cruising revs at 110km/h to a shade over 2500rpm. In this mode, fuel consumption worked out around 11.5-13.5L/100km, when we tested a part-loaded 2013 model.
It's as well that the fuel consumption is good, because the standard fuel tank capacity is only 90 litres: Iveco needs an auxiliary tank for this truck.
In under-drive the transmission is set up for dirt-road and track driving, with a lower-speed gearset. For example, in under-drive the road speed at 2500rpm is only 90km/h. The under-drive-direct shift can be done with the vehicle moving.
For serious off-road work the vehicle can be operated in deep-reduction low range, but must be stopped before the low-range lever is moved. As with high-range the transmission can operate in under-drive or direct in low range and the reduction ratios are 1:3.87 and 1:3.12, respectively.
In low-low the overall reduction is a class leading 100:1! Typical 4WD ute low-range reduction is in the 40:1 to 70:1 region.
Back in the olden days a truck would be given deep-reduction gearing to mask a lack of torque, but not in the case of the Iveco Daily 4x4. Power comes from a three-litre diesel four with two turbochargers operating in series and helping the engine punch out 125kW (170hp) at 3000-35000rpm, with peak torque of 400Nm in the most-used 1250-3000rpm band.
The 2017 engine is Euro 6 complaint, although there's no legal need in Australia for that level of emissions control. The Daily engine has a 25-litre AdBlue tank for its selective catalytic reduction (SCR) emissions control system.
With series turbocharging a three-litre engine obviously could produce more than 400Nm, but the torque curve has been capped to deliver peak torque across a very wide rev band – ideal for an off-road machine, where the driver doesn't want a sudden, traction-busting wallop of torque as engine revs change.
Another, mechanical, reason for limiting the peak torque is the Daily 4x4's considerable gearing reduction. With more engine torque the driveline and axles would have to be made larger – heavier – and that's not in the interests of keeping tare weight to minimum.
Speaking of weights, the Daily 4x4 single-cab/chassis model tips the scales at 2.7 tonnes – about the same weight as a LandCruiser 200 Series station wagon!
Improved ergonomics
The Iveco Daily 4x4 comes as a two- or three-seat short cab or a six- or seven-seat crew cab and all outboard seating positions have lap-sash seat belts. The standard driver's seat in both models is an ISRI air-suspended and heated chair and the standard passenger seat is a two-place bench. However, an air suspended, heated single-passenger seat is optional. The rear bench in the crew cab seats four.
SRS airbags aren't yet available, but will appear in the first quarter of 2017.
Equipment levels are carry-overs from the class-leading Iveco Daily 4x2 models and include ABS/EBD vacuum/hydraulic, disc and drum braking (ABS is cancelled when the centre differential is locked for off-road driving); seat belt pretensioners; power windows; remote central locking; powered, heated main mirrors and manual-adjust spotters; trip computer; three DIN slots, including a CD player/radio; USB outlets; cruise control; climate-control air conditioning/heating; engine fan cut-off; engine immobiliser and headlight beam-height adjustment.
An obvious omission from the 2013 specification was Bluetooth connectivity, but that's been remedied in the 2017 model. Another inclusion is a battery isolation switch, to ensure the starting battery can't be accidentally drained.
Also added is an ESP9 braking system that includes automatic skid reduction (ASR); trailer recognition with trailer sway mitigation; a hill holding feature; brake-fade pressure boost and roll-over intervention.
Both Daily 4x4 models are built on a 3400mm wheelbase, giving excellent approach, departure and ramp-over angles of 50, 30 and 150 degrees, respectively.
In the interests of car-licenced driver operation the standard gross mass rating is 4495kg, but for those with a light-truck licence the vehicle can be purchased with an increased 5500kg - previously 5200kg - GVM rating, without any modification being necessary.
At the lower GVM rating the single cab has a body and payload capacity of 1795kg, and 2800kg at the higher rating. The crew cab has a standard payload of 1505kg and 2510kg at the higher GVM rating. All Daily 4x4s can pull a 3500kg trailer.
RRPs in August 2016 were $88,000 for the single-cab/chassis and $94,000 for the crew-cab/chassis – up eight grand on the previous post-2013 models.
In-service issues
No matter how much testing truck makers do, there are inevitable issues that develop with first-generation products in the Australian environment. The post-2013 Iveco Daily was no exception.
Several owners had braking issues, quoting situations where the front discs became red hot while the rear drums remained cool. The culprit was invariably a poorly-set-up load proportioning valve on the rear axle. That's been eliminated from the 2017 model, Iveco says, by the fitment of an ESP9 braking system.
Another common complaint from owners of Dailys that travelled on corrugated roads was mangled transfer case mounting bushes. Iveco reckons the latest-generation bushes have solved that problem and they can be retro-fitted to post-2013 models.
On and off road
The Daily 4x4 single- and crew-cab evaluation trucks had a definite presence, because the slightly modified Daily 4x2 cab sat up high on a purpose-built, box-section frame. Doing pre-trip checks under snub-nosed bonnet meant standing on the new three-piece bumper.
Fortunately, getting in and out of the skyscraper cab was easy, thanks to an additional step bolted under each doorsill. The crew cab gets rear-door entry steps as well.
Seat adjustment for reach, rake and driver's weight was easy and the 2017 seats were lower than the previous perches. Also, the new steering column and smaller wheel were better positioned. The new cab had a taller windscreen, improving off-road, steep-country vision and pedal disposition was more central then previously, although the pedals are a tad close together for fat-boot work.
The main transmission lever poked conveniently out of the dashboard and the two transfer case levers were close by the seat, allowing unfettered walk-through to the near-side door, or to the rear seat in crew-cabs.
The 2017-model launch didn't include an on-road course, but since then e managed to test an Earthcruiser-motorhome 2017 Daily 4x4 and found it a pleasure to drive on sealed roads and it had no trouble keeping up with traffic. Ride quality was firm, but better than that in forward-control light trucks and fat sway bars front and rear did a good job of limiting body roll in corners.
On the open road the Daily was happy to cruise all day at legal speeds and noise was minimal.
Vision was excellent in all directions; the wiper/washers worked a treat and the standard headlights were OK for town work. However, the 2017 cab has changed
headlight positions that suggest worse lighting, so auxiliaries would be high on our shopping list.
On dirt the Daily was in its element and the under-drive gear set was perfect for these conditions. The vehicle handled corrugations in its stride.
In off-road conditions the 2017 Daily 4x4 maintained the marque's stature as one of the most capable machines I've driven. Despite the Daily's height the wheel track isn't much different from that of smaller 4x4 machines, so it fitted comfortably on bush tracks.
The 2017-model launch was held at the Melbourne 4x4 Proving and Training Ground. Robbie Emmins has done a great job of making this facility the ideal place for judging 4x4 capability, with a combination of chassis-twist, side-slope, mud-hole, creek fording and very steep sections.
The Daily 4x4 test vehicles were unloaded, making their lives even more difficult, but nothing in the Proving Ground proved too difficult for them. All the ground-level challenges were done in first-stage low range and the deep-reduction gearing was needed only for the steepest sections.
The diff-locking procedure was logical and easily performed: at the base of a climb I pressed Button One on the dashboard, to lock the centre differential, then Button Two, to lock the rear diff. The Daily handled most obstacles without the front diff needing to be locked, but when it was engaged a beeper reminded me that steering would be heavily compromised. Diff lock engagement and disengagement was quick.
The diff locks operated faultlessly and if you forget to disengage them they do so automatically as road speed increases.
The new hill-hold function is a boon in steep country, allowing easy restarts without stress on the driver or machine.
The standard tyres – a mixture of 9.5R17.5 and 255/100R16 - were fine in these demanding conditions, but for sand work fatter rubber is available in the form of approved after-market 37x12.50R17 LTs from Federal and Hankook on steel-spoked wheels.
Although the Daily 4x4's overall ground clearance is class-leading the front axle/steering design puts the anti-sway bar and the tie rod in front of the axle, behind a protective grate that intrudes into the approach angle. We dinged the grate easily on a rock shelf. It's a shame the anti-sway bar couldn't have been designed as a higher installation, with rod connections down to the spring plates. The tie rod, ideally, should be behind the axle housing.
Minor issues apart, Iveco is on a winner with this most capable machine.
The following video shows the 2013 model in action. We'd have made an updated video of the 2017 model if we got our hands on a test vehicle. Unfortunately, Iveco is selling every Daily 4x4 it can get it hands on.
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David Syme: Man of the Age
By Elizabeth Morrison
'This is not the first biography of David Syme – earlier ones appeared in 1908 and 1965 – but it is the one he deserved. The man widely regarded as Australia's greatest newspaperman of the 19th century was worthy of a biographer of Elizabeth Morrisons' tenacity and literary ability … This biography of Syme is a magnificent addition to the increasing literature on Australian newspaper history.'
Rod Kirkpatrick, Australian Journalism Review, vol. 37, no. 1, July 2015
'How wonderful to be able to hear that man's insights on the really curly questions of newspaper life! … [T]he scrupulous detailed recording of Elizabeth Morrison's researches is the nearest I am ever to reach to the word with the actual warmth of blood in it, and I count myself lucky indeed for her gift …[T]he book is already my own most thumbed acquisition in years'.
Peter Ryan, Quadrant vol. 58, no. 9, September 2014
'Australia's great radical newspaperman … his personal story revealed at last'
Michael Cannon, author of The Land Boomers
'There can be little doubt that Morrison's biography of David Syme fills a significant gap in the history of Victorian newspapers and is long overdue … Morrison's tightly written and carefully researched business perspective makes its case eloquently … a substantial contribution.' Denis Cryle, Australian Journal of Politics and History, Vol. 61, Issue 3
The Melbourne Age newspaper dominated the newspaper stage in Australia from the 1870s to the end of the colonial period. In the 1880s its circulation was far in excess of any other daily throughout all British colonial possessions and its proprietor, the driven, talented Scotsman David Syme, was acknowledged as the leader of the Australian press. For the influence that he and his newspapers exercised, he became a legend in his lifetime and for several generations after his death in 1908.
Drawing on family and business records as well as newly digitised nineteenth-century newspaper archives, this biography of a powerful man of many parts seeks to go behind the legend and round out the story of the life – primarily as press 'baron' but also as author and philosopher, financier, farmer, property developer and, not least, family man.
David Syme was launched by Professor Graeme Davison, with special guest Greg Hywood. Read the full launch speech.
About the Author
Elizabeth Morrison is a historian of nineteenth-century Australian print culture. The political role of the newspaper press is a major theme of her Engines of Influence (2005), a study of Victoria's country newspapers in the colonial period. She has researched and written extensively about the cultural role of the nineteenth-century Australian press as publisher of new fiction through newspaper serialisation. Locating significant original novels by noted author Ada Cambridge serialised in the Melbourne Age during 1888 and 1889, she edited them for re-publication in the Colonial Texts Series (A Woman's Friendship, 1988 and A Black Sheep, 2004). She has a history PhD from Monash University, where she was a lecturer in librarianship and a research fellow in Australian studies. She now lives in Canberra.
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text: ACROSS MISSISSIPPI — The U. S. Department of Agriculture will consolidate 11 offices in Mississippi with other USDA offices across the country. The list includes Farm Service Agency offices in Ashland, Ackerman, Fulton, Hernando, Coffeeville, Monticello, Raleigh and Purvis. A nutrition site in Jackson, an animal plant inspection service in Gulfport, and a rural development office in DeSoto County will ...Read More »


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The cast and crew of Starz's popular time-travel drama "Outlander" is currently busy with Season 3 and photos from the set have fans all excited. There hasn't been any official word on when the show will return, but rumours are rife that Season 3 could premiere on April 1, which is a Saturday.
But in all likelihood, this air date is incorrect as back in May, Starz had announced its plan to move most of its hit shows to the Sunday time slot. "Sundays are a prestige night and we feel our shows are definitely going to be very competitive, not just in viewership but in the attention-getting business on Sundays," network CEO Chris Albrecht told The Hollywood Reporter at the time. "So it made sense to move."
Season 3 of the drama is based on Diana Gabaldon's "Voyager," and here are five things we can expect from the upcoming season.
Warning: This post contains spoilers from the upcoming season of "Outlander."
Battle of Culloden: The previous season ended with Jamie preparing for the Battle of Culloden and urging Claire to return to the future for the safety of their unborn child. Season 3 is expected to pick up immediately after that and pictures from the filming set shows Jamie covered in a lot of blood.
Black Jack Randall death: The character essayed by Tobias Menzies will die in the Battle of Culloden.
Lord John Grey: Going forward, Lord John Grey will play an important role in Jamie's life. He will be the new governor of Ardsmuir Prison, where Jamie is a prisoner, and the duo strikes up a friendship.
Claire-Jamie reunion: One of the most awaited scenes of Season 3 is the reunion of Jamie and Claire, which will take place in a print shop. The duo will be reuniting after a span of 20 years.
Jamie's wedding: In the 20 years that Claire has been apart from Jamie, a lot would have changed in his life. But something that's going to upset Claire is his wedding to Laoghaire, who tried to have her killed.


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The topic of this page has a Wikia of its own: Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Wikia.
|Regis Philbin (1999–2002, 2004, 2009)
Meredith Vieira (2002–2013)
Cedric the Entertainer (2013–2014)
Terry Crews (2014–2015)
Chris Harrison (2015–2019)
|Valleycrest Productions
Celador (1999–2007)
2waytraffic (2007–2019)
|Buena Vista Television/Disney-ABC Domestic Television
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (or Millionaire later on in the syndicated run) is the hit U.S. game show based on the British game show of the same name where contestants have to answer questions to win money. The more questions they answer, the more money they can win toward the grand cash prize of $1,000,000.
Gameplay (1999–2019)Edit
The host asked up to 15 (later 14) questions. Each question has four possible answers (A, B, C & D). All the contestant has to do is to choose the one that is correct. The answer is not official until the contestant confirms it by saying "Final Answer" usually right after the host asks the famous question, "Is that your final answer?" If he/she is correct, the contestant wins money for that question and moves on to the next question.
Money TreeEdit
Here's how they score for each question (amounts in bold are benchmarks, in other words, guaranteed sums; therefore, it's yours to keep). However, the amounts themselves are not cumulative:
If by chance a contestant is stuck on a question, he/she can call for a lifeline, thereby giving the contestant an added advantage. The contestant can use more than one lifeline on a question, but each lifeline can be used only once.
- 50:50 – Two incorrect answers are removed by the computer, leaving only one incorrect answer and the correct answer. In the primetime version's first three seasons, the incorrect answers that are to be taken away were determined by the show's production team; when the show moved to syndication, the incorrect answers were taken away randomly. This lifeline was discontinued in 2008 but was resurrected in 2015. When the lifeline returned, so did the practice of having the production team select the answers to be taken away; those answers are predetermined but not random.
- Ask the Audience – The audience is given the same question as to the contestant, and their job is to vote on which answer they think is correct by pressing one of four lettered buttons on their keypads. This lifeline is the only one of the original lifelines to never be removed from the game.
- Phone-a-Friend – The contestant could call a friend or family member and ask the current question for 30 seconds, and the phoned friend or family member gave his/her answer. This lifeline was ended early in 2010 because of an increasing trend in contestants' friends using Internet search engines to look up the right answer. While it was not necessarily a rules violation, it was contrary to the original intent of this lifeline. In return for the discontinuation of Phone-a-Friend, Ask the Expert became available immediately. The lifeline would eventually be replaced by Plus One in 2014.
- Switch the Question – If the contestant thought that question was too hard to answer, he/she could ask the computer to eliminate that question and generate a new one. This lifeline was only given after answering the $25,000 question. This was only shown in the syndicated run beginning in 2004 and was ended in 2008. However, any lifelines used prior to this one were not reinstated when the new question was shown.
- Double Dip – The contestant got two chances to answer the question. No other lifelines nor decision to walk away was offered in this situation. This first premiered on Super Millionaire in 2004 and was used on the syndicated run from 2008 to 2010. Even though it never happened on Super Millionaire, it was possible (when available) to use 50:50 and then Double Dip to get the correct answer by the process of elimination.
- Ask the Expert – Similar to Three Wise Men. The contestant called for an expert face-to-face via Skype, and have that person collaborate on an answer he/she could use. The lifeline was originally available after the contestant got the fifth question correct, then moved to the beginning of the game after Phone-a-Friend was removed. Unlike Three Wise Men, there was no set time limit and the contestant and expert were allowed to discuss the question. If a video link to the expert was unavailable, the expert joined the show via phone instead. The lifeline was removed in 2010.
- Plus One – Debuting in Season 13, this lifeline allows a contestant to call upon his or her companion to come on stage and help answer the question. This lifeline is very similar to Phone a Friend; however, the contestant's companion cannot look up the correct answer on the Internet (the looking up of answers by companions on the Internet resulted in Phone a Friend being removed in 2010).
- Extra Help – Used during Off to College Week in Season 14 and play is similar to Plus One, this allowed a player to consult another companion for help; this could only be done after Plus One was used.
Should the contestant run out of lifelines, he/she from here on out will have the option to stop and take any money he/she won up to that point. Upon deciding to stop, the contestant was asked by the host, "Is that your final decision?" However, should the contestant miss a question, the contestant wins safety net money should he or she answer the 5th or 10th questions.
The Clock FormatEdit
From 2008 to 2010, in addition to the questions having specific categories, all questions were played against a clock. The Wii video game by Ludia and Ubisoft uses this format.
Time LimitsEdit
These are the times contestants faced when answering the questions; if time ran out, the contestant left with their earnings up to that point:
|# of Questions
|Time Limits
|Questions 1-5
|15 Seconds
|Questions 6-10
|30 Seconds
|Questions 11-14
|45 Seconds
|$1,000,000 Question (The Golden Clock)
|45 Seconds + Total amount of time leftover from the first 14 questions.
Gameplay (The Shuffle Format, 2010–2015)Edit
The format was revised again for the beginning of Season 9 in the fall of 2010. The clock was removed, and there were 14 questions, not 15. Additionally, the first ten questions were played for one of ten random amounts of money: $100, $500, $1,000, $2,000, $3,000, $5,000, $7,000, $10,000, $15,000, or $25,000. The categories for the questions were also randomly shuffled, as well. Each correct answer would add the question's value into the contestant's bank; however, the question value would not be revealed to the contestant until after they had either provided a correct response or used the Jump the Question lifeline. Contestants could still leave the game prior to answering the tenth question, but in doing so they forfeited half of their total winnings banked to that point; should they reach the eleventh question, they could leave with the entire bank, up to $68,600. The final four questions (referred to as "Classic Millionaire") were played for set values ($100,000, $250,000, $500,000, and $1,000,000) and augmented the contestant's winnings to that point for a correct answer as before. A contestant who missed a question prior to answering the tenth question left with $1,000. Once the contestant reached the eleventh question, the safe point increased to $25,000.
In Seasons 9-12, players had three lifelines in this iteration: "Ask the Audience," and two "Jumps". If a contestant thought a question was too hard, they could use this to jump to the next question. The catch was that the money behind that question was out of play in Round 1; in Round 2, using this would immediately jump to the next question in line (i.e. jump the $100,000 question, and the next question you see would be for $250,000) Unlike other lifelines, this could not be used on the final question. There were two of these from 2010 to 2014; this was reduced to one with the addition of Plus One for 2014-2015.
Another lifeline exclusive to this format was the Crystal Ball. Only available during Halloween Week 2012, and only available in Round 1, this lifeline allowed the contestant to see the amount of the question currently in play prior to giving an answer; it could also be used alongside the other lifelines. This lifeline was revived for the week of January 21, 2013.
During special "Whiz Kids" weeks (where preteens played the game), players were offered a lifeline called Cut The Question. Played similar to Switch the Question, this allowed a player to swap out a question and replace it; however, this did not affect the money behind it unless the player jumped it.
The stage was also significantly redesigned. There was no more "Hot Seat", and the questions (and other pertinent information) were now seen by all on a large screen in front of the contestant. The contestant and host now stand.
Another feature exclusive to this version was "Double Your Money Week", where the value of one of the questions was randomly double, up to $50,000. In addition, as tie-ins for various sponsors, certain weeks had bonus prizes attached to certain questions, such as trips and the like.
For Season 13, one of the "Jump the Question" lifelines was removed, and replaced with a new "Plus One" lifeline, described above. In addition, the categories for the Round 1 questions were discontinued. Plus One was retained for the switch back to the classic format in 2015.
Audience GamesEdit
Starting with the shuffle format in 2010, if time is running out at the end of an episode, in lieu of starting a new game, one of three audience games would be played:
Who Wants to Be a Thousandaire? – (originally called "The $1,000 Question" from 2010 to 2013); A random audience member is given one chance to win $1,000 by answering the next question intended for the previous contestant. No lifelines were given to the contestant. From 2010 to 2013, regardless of the outcome, the audience member receives a copy of the Millionaire video game for Nintendo's Wii console or Microsoft's Xbox 360 console. In 2012, the prize was Facebook Credits for the Millionaire Facebook game. In 2013 only, this became a separate question, rather than the next question for the previous contestant. In 2014 [with the elimination of the categories in Round 1], this was reverted back to the next question intended for the previous contestant. For "Double Your Money Weeks", answering the question won $2,000.
Team Millionaire – (2014) Two players get a question, and both lock in their answers separately. If both are right, they each get $500 and a bonus question with which they could double their money, but if at least one is wrong, they get 20 seconds to try and come up with the right answer as a team.
Fastest Feet – (2014) A variation of "Fastest Finger". Four audience members hold answers to a question, and after being given the question, must arrange the answers in the correct order. Once they think they have the correct order, they must shout out "Final order"; if wrong, they must keep arranging until they get it right; if right, they each win $250.
Since its inception, games can straddle between questions. Meaning, after a contestant answers a question, the show would go to a commercial. If time runs out in the middle of the game, a horn would sound signaling the end of an episode. The contestant will then see the next question on the next show. Only twice in the show's history had the $1,000,000 question played at the beginning of the episode; the first was Tom O'Brien from 2000, he already had $500,000 at the end of his last episode, but chose to walk away at the $1 million question; as it turned out, he would've been right. The second was Jeff Gross from 2004, who also chose to walk away but would've been wrong.
Fastest Finger QuestionEdit
In the ABC prime-time shows, 10 contestants (minus the ones who already played) played a qualifying round called Fastest Finger for the right to play for the $1,000,000. All questions required the contestants to put four answers in the proper order. If a mistake was made, the player could hit the Delete button and re-start, but once the OK button was hit, the answers were locked in. The contestant to place the answers in the proper order in the fastest time earned a chance to play for the million. Before the Fastest Finger Question was revealed, the host asked the in-studio audience for complete silence so the contestants don't get any answers blurted out and thus are humiliated. If two or more contestants tied for the fastest time, the tied contestants would play another question to determine who would move on to play. If nobody got the question right, that question was thrown out; another question was played in the same manner. If any of the contestants were visually-impaired, the host would read the question and 4 choices all at once (which were included in an envelope), then repeat the choices after the music began.
Special editionsEdit
Various special editions and tournaments have been conducted which feature celebrities playing the game and donating winnings to charities of their choice. During celebrity editions, contestants are allowed to receive help from their fellow contestants during the first ten questions. Additionally, other special weeks have been conducted featuring two or three family members or couples competing as a team, as well as both a Champions Edition (where former big winners returned and split their winnings with their favorite charities) and a Zero Dollar Winner Edition (featuring contestants who previously missed one of the first-tier questions and left with nothing).
Other themed weeks featured college students, teachers, and brides-to-be. The syndicated version has aired a Walk In & Win Edition annually with contestants who were randomly selected from the audience without having to take the audition test.
In February 2001, there was a Tax-Free Edition in which H&R Block calculated the taxes of winnings so the contestants could earn stated winnings after taxes.
Special weeks have also included shows featuring questions concerning specific topics, such as professional football, celebrity gossip, movies, and pop culture. During a week of episodes in November 2007, to celebrate the 1,000th syndicated episode, all contestants that week started with $1,000 so that contestants could not leave with anything and only had to answer ten questions to win $1 million. During that week 20 home viewers, each day also won $1,000 each.
Progressive Grand Prize JackpotEdit
By January 2001, no contestant had won $1 million on the prime time version in the 71 shows that aired over a period of five months. The top prize was then changed from a flat $1 million to an accumulating jackpot that increased by $10,000 for each successive show in which none of the contestants could answer all fifteen questions correctly. $710,000 was initially added to the jackpot for the previous 71 shows that produced no millionaire.
On April 10, 2001, Kevin Olmstead answered the final question correctly and won $2.18 million, making him the biggest winner in television history at the time. After Ed Toutant's initial appearance, in which he answered a question containing an error, he was invited back for a second attempt to answer all fifteen questions for $1.86 million, the jackpot at the time of his original appearance. Toutant completed the task and won the jackpot; his episode aired September 7, 2001.
Million Dollar Tournament of 10Edit
Beginning in syndicated Season 8, in response to the show's lack of a top-prize winner since Nancy Christy in 2003, the program introduced the "Million Dollar Tournament of 10". For the first 45 episodes of season 8, each contestant's progress was recorded, and the top ten performing contestants were seeded based on how far they progressed and how much time they banked.
In November 2009, the top ten seeds returned one at a time at the end of each episode to face the Golden Clock for a single question valued at $1,000,000 without the use of any lifelines. Contestants risked previous winnings in the event of an incorrect answer and could walk away with their winnings from their prior appearance if they chose not to answer the question. Correctly answering the question placed the contestant in the running for the $1,000,000 prize, while incorrectly answering the question reduced the contestant's previous winnings to $25,000.
In the event that more than one contestant correctly answered the $1,000,000 question, only the top seed would win the top prize. Sam Murray was the only contestant to correctly answer the question and increased his original $50,000 winnings to $1,000,000.
Primetime SpecialsEdit
Who Wants to Be a Super MillionaireEdit
In 2004, Philbin returned to ABC for 12 episodes of a spin-off program titled Who Wants to Be a Super Millionaire in which contestants could potentially win $10,000,000. The program aired five episodes during the week of February 22, 2004, and an additional seven episodes later that year in May.
Contestants again answered a series of 15 multiple choice questions for higher dollar values.
| Question
| Question
Contestants were given the standard three lifelines in place at the time (50:50, Ask the Audience, and Phone a Friend) at the beginning of the game. However, after correctly answering the $100,000 question, the contestant earned two additional lifelines: Three Wise Men and Double Dip.
For "Three Wise Men", the contestant could consult a group of three experts, one of whom was a former million-dollar winner from the show, and at least one of whom was female, for 30 seconds.
Only one millionaire came from this version: Robert "Bob-O" Essig. Bob-O answered 12 questions correctly to win $1,000,000. He refused to answer the $2,500,000 question.
10th Anniversary SpecialEdit
To celebrate Millionaire's 10th anniversary, the show returned to ABC prime time in August 2009, with Philbin hosting, for an 11-night event. The Academy Award-winning movie Slumdog Millionaire and the 2008 economic crisis helped boost the interest of renewal of the game show.
The episodes featured gameplay based on the current syndicated version (including the rule changes implemented in the 7th season of the syndicated version) but used the Fastest Finger round to select contestants. The end of each episode also featured a celebrity guest playing a question for a chance at $50,000 for a charity of his/her choice but still earning a minimum of $25,000 for the charity if the celebrity got the question wrong. The celebrity was allowed to use any one of the four lifelines and had no time limit.
The 10th anniversary special & final date on Sunday, August 23, 2009, featured a contestant named Ken Basin, an entertainment lawyer, Harvard Law graduate, and former Jeopardy! contestant, who went on to play the first $1 Million Question in the Clock format era. With a total of 4 minutes & 39 seconds (banked time of 3 minutes & 54 seconds + 45 seconds) at this level, Ken was given a question involving Lyndon Baines Johnson's fondness for Fresca (see photo for actual question). Using his one remaining lifeline, Ken asked the audience, which supported his own hunch of Yoo-hoo rather than the correct answer. With a minute & 12 seconds remaining on the clock, he decided to answer the question and lost $475,000, the first time in the U.S. version that a $1,000,000 question was answered incorrectly.
After the show's broadcast, Ken posted an entry in his blog about his experience on the show, including why he went for Yoo-hoo. He explains that he remembers seeing a photo of LBJ meeting the Beatles and drinking a Yoo-hoo, a photo which he has not been able to find since.
Here are the contestants (so far) who have won the million dollars.
John CarpenterEdit
- Date of Win - November 19, 1999
John Carpenter was the first top prize winner of all international versions of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire and the only person to accomplish this feat in the 1990s. He also became the all-time American game show winnings leader from 1999 to 2000, before being eclipsed by Rahim Oberholtzer. In a rather memorable moment, he used his Phone-a-Friend on the final question, not as a means of help, but to inform his father that he was going to win the million dollars. This was the only time he used a lifeline during his run. Regis didn't count this as a lifeline though, as he mentioned at a later time when John came back on the show for charity, finally having to use his lifelines for the questions, that John went 15 questions without having to use a lifeline.
- Million Dollar Question: Used his Phone A Friend on the Final Question.
|Which of these former U.S. Presidents appeared on the television series Laugh-In?
|• A: Lyndon Johnson
|• B: Richard Nixon
|• C: Jimmy Carter
|• D: Gerald Ford
Dan BlonskyEdit
- Date of Win - January 18, 2000
- Million Dollar Question: Didn't use any lifelines.
|The Earth is approximately how many miles away from the Sun?
|• A: 9.3 million
|• B: 39 million
|• C: 93 million
|• D: 193 million
Joe TrelaEdit
- Date of Win - March 23, 2000
Joe Trela became the youngest person to win a million dollars on a U.S. game show until Jamie Sadler won a million dollars on Power of 10. He also became the first person to win the million with his lifelines having been used before the top tier of questions ($64,000-$1,000,000).
- Million Dollar Question: Didn't use any lifelines.
|Which insect shorted out an early supercomputer and inspired the term "computer bug"?
|• A: Moth
|• B: Roach
|• C: Fly
|• D: Japanese beetle
Bob HouseEdit
- Date of Win - June 13, 2000
- Million Dollar Question: 50:50 and Phone a Friend were used on the final question.
|Which of the following men does not have a chemical element named after him?
|• A: Albert Einstein
|• B: Niels Bohr
|• C: Isaac Newton
|• D: Enrico Fermi
Kim HuntEdit
- Date of Win - July 6, 2000
- Million Dollar Question: Didn't use any lifelines.
|Which of the following landlocked countries is entirely contained within another country?
|• A: Lesotho
|• B: Burkina Faso
|• C: Mongolia
|• D: Luxembourg
David GoodmanEdit
- Date of Win - July 11, 2000
David Goodman was notorious for using all of the available lifelines on the final question to confirm his answer.
- Million Dollar Question: Used his 50:50, Ask the Audience and Phone A Friend on the Final Question.
|In the children's book series, where is Paddington Bear originally from?
|• A: India
|• B: Peru
|• C: Canada
|• D: Iceland
Kevin OlmsteadEdit
- Date of Win - April 10, 2001
Kevin Olmstead ended a 9-month drought of top prize winners on the show and with the top prize bonus in play, he would win $2,180,000, becoming the all-time American game show winnings leader from 2000 to 2004, before being eclipsed by Ken Jennings.
- Million Dollar Question: ($2.18 Million) Did not use any of his lifelines since they were already used up earlier in the game.
|Who is credited with inventing the first mass-produced helicopter?
|• A: Igor Sikorsky
|• B: Elmer Sperry
|• C: Ferdinand von Zeppelin
|• D: Gottlieb Daimler
Bernie CullenEdit
- Date of Win - April 15, 2001
- Million Dollar Question: Used his Ask the Audience and 50:50 on the final question.
|What letter must appear at the beginning of the registration number of all non-military aircraft in the U.S.?
Ed ToutantEdit
- Date of Win - September 7, 2001
Ed Toutant originally answered his $16,000 question incorrectly and left with only $1,000 on January 31, 2001, when the top prize bonus was still available. It was later discovered that there was a mistake in his $16,000 question. He was then invited back to play for the $1.86 million dollar prize that he previously played for and ultimately went on to win the prize. He is also the most recent top prize winner in the prime-time edition of Millionaire.
- Million Dollar Question: ($1.86 Million). Used his 50:50 in the Final Question.
|During WWII, U.S. soldiers used the first commercial aerosol cans to hold what?
|• A: Cleaning fluid
|• B: Antiseptic
|• C: Insecticide
|• D: Shaving cream
Kevin SmithEdit
- Date of Win - February 18, 2003
Kevin Smith ended a 14-month drought of top prize winners (the longest at the time) and became the first person to win the top prize in the syndicated version of Millionaire. He recalls when he was on the show (with a reference to the prime-time version) where he and a contestant both misread a question that the contestant eventually missed, so he allowed Meredith to read him his question again.
- Million Dollar Question: Didn't use any lifelines.
|The U.S. icon "Uncle Sam" was based on Samuel Wilson, who worked during the War of 1812 as a what?
|• A: Meat inspector
|• B: Mail deliverer
|• C: Historian
|• D: Weapons mechanic
Nancy ChristyEdit
- Date of Win - May 8, 2003
Nancy Christy became the first and only female contestant to win $1,000,000 in the US, as well as the second person to win the million without the use of lifelines on the upper-tier questions.
She held the record for the most amount of money won by a female contestant on a game show for more than four years until it was overtaken by Ashlee Register (who won $1,795,000 on Duel) in December 2007.
- Million Dollar Question: Didn't use any lifelines.
|Who did Grant Wood use as the model for the farmer in his classic painting "American Gothic"?
|• A: Travelling salesman
|• B: Local sheriff
|• C: His dentist
|• D: His butcher
Sam MurrayEdit
- Date of Win - November 20, 2009 Banked Time - 2:38
Sam Murray became the only person to win the top prize under the clock format. He won during the Million Dollar Tournament of 10 in 2009. He initially gained the tournament leadership on November 11, 2009, by correctly answering his million dollar question. Because nobody else took a risk for the million, and because Sam was the only person to do so, he, therefore, was declared the winner of the tournament. Sam is also the most recent top-prize winner of the U.S. version.
- Million Dollar Question: Didn't use any lifelines.
|According to the Population Reference Bureau, what is the approximate number of people who have ever lived on Earth?
|• A: 50 Billion
|• B: 100 Billion
|• C: 1 Trillion
|• D: 5 Trillion
Special EditionsEdit
Here are the past and present spin-offs and special editions of Millionaire:
- Celebrity Edition
- Champions Edition
- Top of the Charts Edition
- Zero Dollar Winner Edition
- Family Edition
- College Edition
- Twins Edition
- Couples Edition
- Tax-Free Edition
- Play to Play for Your Wedding Edition
- Teacher Edition
- Walk-In & Win Edition
- Super Bowl Edition
- Pop Culture Edition
- Celebrity Scoop Edition
- Netflix Million Dollar Movie Edition
- Academy Awards Edition
- TV Week
The List of Guest Hosts (Vieira era/Syndicated version only)Edit
From 2007 until 2011, when Vieira was concurrently working as a co-host of Today, guest hosts appeared on each season of the syndicated version. among them were the following:
- Al Roker
- Tom Bergeron
- Tim Vincent
- Dave Price
- Billy Bush
- Leeza Gibbons
- Cat Deeley
- Samantha Harris
- Shaun Robinson
- Steve Harvey
- John Henson
- Sherri Shepherd
- Tim Gunn
- D.L. Hughley
- Regis Philbin
(NOTE: Philbin's guest host week of shows were aired out of order to coincide with his hip replacement surgery in 2009. Of the contestants that appeared on weeks featuring the guest hosts, almost none of them carried over to the following week.)
On January 10, 2013, Vieira announced that after 11 seasons with the syndicated version of Millionaire, throughout which she had hosted more than 1,900 episodes (not counting the guest host weeks) and offered a vast multitude of contestants with a combined total of $70,000,000, would be leaving the show as part of an effort to focus on other projects in her career. Vieira finally taped her last batch of episodes in November 2012. Vieira's successor as host of the syndicated version of Millionaire for the twelfth season was comedian and former original King of Comedy Cedric the Entertainer, who in turn was succeeded by former NFL player and actor Terry Crews in the thirteenth season, then by Chris Harrison in the fourteenth season.
Club MillionaireEdit
This was a loyalty program that allowed members to earn points for watching and shopping; members could redeem those points for rewards just like any other loyalty program. Viewers got a special code, which was really a question similar to those of the Hot Seat. This lasted from September 5-December 6, 2011, in Season 10. It is unknown what happened to any members' points.
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire - Play It!Edit
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire - Play It! was an attraction at Disney's Hollywood Studios (formerly Disney-MGM Studios) theme park at Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando, Florida from April 7, 2001 until August 19, 2006 and at Disney California Adventure Park in Anaheim, California from September 14, 2001 until August 20, 2004. The attraction itself was a modified version of the Who Wants to Be a Millionaire television game show.
Game InformationEdit
The attraction's theater was a replica of the television show. Sessions of the game ran seven times a day; each session was 25 minutes long (but did wait until the current contestant vacated the hot seat to stop) and seated 647 park guests.
The Disney Theme Park version of the game differs from the television version in several ways:
- Contestants competed for points, not dollars (most likely because it would have been too expensive or time-consuming). A contestants won a Disney Collector's pin for each point level he/she passed (minus any down to the previous milestone if he or she got a question wrong). A prize table can be found below.
- Every audience member had his or her own A/B/C/D keypad. The ten contestant row seats were not special in any way (other than a video display of the camera work). Access to these seats were chosen in a number of different ways before the show, including random selection, quizzing of guests waiting in queue, and special "Magic Moment" coupons dispense from the attraction's "Fast Pass" dispensers telling the bearer to present their Fast Pass to an attraction cast member for special seating. There were several times where just asking before the show began would grant access to one of these seats if they are still available for the next show.
- To begin a session, the fastest finger question was asked. The audience member who got the correct answer in the shortest time got the hot seat.
- The hot seat contestant had only fifteen seconds to answer each of the first five questions (100-1,000 points), thirty seconds per questions for the next five questions (2,000-32,000 points), forty-five seconds for the next four questions (64,000-500,000 points), and fifty-five seconds for the final million-point question; the real show internationally carried a variation of this format from 2008 until 2010.
- Each audience member could answer a question on his or her keypad at the same time as the hot seat contestant did. Contestants won points by pressing the correct button quickly; at the 1,000 and 32,000-point levels the game was paused briefly to show the top ten scores. If the hot seat contestant got a question wrong or decided to walk away, instead of additional fastest finger questions, the top scorer in the audience took his/her place, as long as their was time remaining. (Usually, only two full games were played.) The player with the highest score on the last game only won congratulations from the host, if that.
- The three lifelines were: 50:50, Ask the Audience and Phone a Complete Stranger. Ask the Audience is immediate; the audience's answers can be instantly polled. because the audience already had a chance to enter their answers. Phone a Complete Stranger connected the contestant to a Cast Member outside the theater who found a guest to help.
- Disney Cast Members were not permitted to participate.
- Park guests playing as hot seat contestants were required to sign a waiver after completing their game. This waiver declared the "Fair Market Value" of all prizes received (in Walt Disney World by regulations set by the Florida Gaming Commission) and an agreement that the guests would be ineligible to participate as hot seat game players for a pre-determined amount of time. (100-500,000 point winners had a 30-day blackout. 1,000,000 point winners also had the 30-day blackout, but were also prohibited from winning the million-point prize again for 365 days).
- Questions based on Disney parks and films often appeared at any point during the game.
- Usually, because the Fastest Finger First could be won by a younger audience member randomly selecting the correct one of the 24 possible orders and inputting it in a ridiculously small amount of time, the first five questions were usually easy enough that anyone in the audience could answer them correctly.
Upon correctly answering each question, the player received a collectable label pin with the attraction's logo and question point value. Various other prizes were awarded at milestone questions. The chart below references all the prizes obtained by achieving each milestone. Unlike the real show, no cash prize was awarded.
|Question No.
|1,000 Points
| "Play It!" lanyard
100-1,000 point pins
1,000 point baseball cap
|32,000 Points
| "Play It!" lanyard
100-32,000 point pins
1,000 point baseball cap
32,000 point embroidered shirt
|1,000,000 Points
| "Play It!" lanyard
100-1,000,000 points pins
1,000 point baseball cap
32,000 point embroidered shirt
1 million point leather jacket
1,000,000 point medallion
Disney Cruise Line vacation for four
In the early days of the attraction, contestants would also achieve a copy of the "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" First Edition CD-ROM game (for which you can see in the "Merchandise" section for details) upon correctly answering the 32,000 point question.
During the original television run of "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire", contestants would receive a trip for two to New York City to see a taping of the television game when correctly answering the Million point question, in lieu of a Disney Cruise vacation.
Special EventsEdit
During Disney's Hollywood Studios' Star Wars Weekends, the first two games of the day featured questions based on the Star Wars films and the universe and began with Greedo in the hot seat, answering questions in the alien language Rhodanese. The lifelines in the "Star Wars Weekends" version of the game worked exactly like the regular game but were named: 50:50, Ask the Jedi Council and Phone a Stormtrooper.
During ESPN The Weekend, also based at Disney's Hollywood Studios, Play It! consisted of sports trivia questions; contestants got to "team up" with ESPN personalities and sports figures, according to the official ESPN: The Weekend website. For this edition of the game, the "Phone a Complete Stranger" lifeline was replaced with a chance to ask an ESPN expert (either Howie Schwab or the Sklar Twins) for assistance.
Both Disney's Hollywood Studio & Disney California Adventure's version of the attraction offered FASTPASS on these attractions. FASTPASS at Disney's California Adventure's version of the attraction was available for the whole run, while Disney's Hollywood Studios version was taken out when the Lights, Motors, Action! Extreme Stunt Show arrived.
The attraction's former sound stages at Disney's Hollywood Studios are now the site of the interactive Toy Story Midway Mania! attraction.
The sound stage and Millionaire attraction at Disney's California Adventure were built as a quick fix to the initial criticisms and low attendance the park faced upon its opening in February 2001. Though the building has been unused since the attraction closed in 2004, it was rumored to be used as the park's temporary main entrance while it undergoes a major renovation project. Now the temporary entrance will be next to Soarin' over California.
When the Millionaire attraction in Disney Hollywood Studios (Orlando, FL) closed, most of the props from the studio were removed and given to a 3rd party company who sold them online. Such items include all of the audience member keypads, fastest-finger chairs, monitors covers and more. Jeff Gross (former $500,000 winner of the U.S. syndicated version of the show, and also contestant on the British version of the show where he witnessed the coughing antics of Tecwen Whittock during Charles Ingram's infamous run in which he would later not receive his million-pound winnings) announced in November 2008 during an appearance as an 'expert' for Millionaire's new "Ask the Expert" lifeline, that he was the successful bidder for the auction of Play It!'s contestant hot seat. The hot seat reportedly sold on eBay for more than $400.
TV BroadcastsEdit
On several occasions over three years, the attraction at Disney's Hollywood Studios hosted tapings of the television show for later broadcast.
International VersionsEdit
The following are a list of countries that have aired their versions of Millionaire:
- Afghanistan (Pashto & Persian language)
- Albania
- Angola
- The Arab Maghreb
- Arab World
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Australia
- Austria
- Azerbaijan
- Bangladesh
- Belgium (French & Dutch language)
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Canada (English language only)
- Chile
- China
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Croatia
- The Czech Republic
- Cyprus
- Denmark
- El Salvador
- Ecuador
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Georgia
- Germany
- Ghana
- Greece
- Honduras
- Hong Kong
- Hungary
- Iceland
- India (Hindi, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Bengali & Bhojpuri language)
- Indonesia
- Ireland
- Israel
- Italy
- Ivory Coast
- Japan
- Kazakhstan
- Kenya
- Kosovo
- Kurdistan
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Macedonia
- Malaysia
- Mexico
- Moldova
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- Nigeria
- Norway
- Pakistan
- Panama
- Peru
- Philippines
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russia
- Serbia
- Singapore
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- South Africa
- Spain
- Sri Lanka (including Sinhala and Tamil languages)
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Taiwan
- Thailand
- Turkey
- Uganda
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom (the country that originated the program)
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
Online GameEdit
For the 1999-2002 primetime run, and Seasons 1-11, and some episodes of season 14 of the syndicated run.
For some episodes of the 1999-2002 run, as well as some episodes of Seasons 9-11, usually depending on the content on the questions; as well as on the celebrity-themed weeks. This rating was primarily used on the Super Millionaire and 10th Anniversary primetime runs. Beginning in the Cedric the Entertainer run, this rating was used on a full-time basis.
Used the same theme as the original British version by Keith & Matthew Strachan from 1999 to 2010.
Ah2 music composers Jeff Lippencott and Mark T. Williams composed a new theme for the shuffle format's introduction in the 2010-11 season.
- At the time, Meredith Vieira was the second female to win a Daytime Emmy award for the syndicated version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (or Millionaire for short) for "Outstanding Game Show Host" twice in 2005 and in 2009 respectively, the first was Betty White for the short-lived Just Men! in 1983.
- Despite the years between them, both Cedric the Entertainer and Terry Crews had a short-lived one-year-only tenure as hosts.
- The sound effect for the Phone-a-Friend's clock was later used on the ESPN game show 2 Minute Drill.
Based on the British show by David Briggs.
Taping LocationsEdit
ABC Television Center, New York City, NY (1999–2014)
The Connecticut Film Center, Stamford, CT (2014–2016)
Caesars Entertainment Studios, Las Vegas, NV (2016–2019)
Additional PagesEdit
Millionaire/Quotes & Catchphrases
Millionaire/WWTBAM In Popular Culture
Millionaire/Video Gallery
Official Site
Online Game Who Wants to Be a Millionaire
Current online game
Original online game
Video-based game
Road audition info
"Dancing with the Stars" Week
Backstage Pass
Club Millionaire
Official Rules for Season 8
Official Rules for Season 13
Cruise in and Win 2012
Cruise in and Win 2013
Magical Family Getaway
Countdown to the Oscars
GSNN Extra's coverage of Super Millionaire (February 2004)
GSNN Extra's coverage of Super Millionaire (May 2004)
GSNN Extra's coverage of Millionaire's 10th Anniversary
10th Anniversary Play-at-home game rules
Blue Room's Portfolio of the Season 7-8 Millionaire graphics
Andy Walmsley's Millionaire portfolio
Andy Walmsley's other Millionaire portfolio
Juliane Schlamp's version of the UK Millionaire site
Josh Rebich's Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Rule Sheet
THQ's website for Who Wants to Be a Millionaire 2nd Edition for Game Boy Color (via Internet Archive)
Downloable Question Kits for Who Wants to Be a Millionaire 3rd Edition (via Internet Archive)
Buena Vista Interactive site for all Who Wants to Be a Millionaire games (via Internet Archive)
Millionaire CD-Rom Updates
WLS-TV's Chicago Millionaire Mania
YouTube VideoEdit
Meredith Vieira explains the discontinuation of Phone-a-Friend


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Overview – Sussex Blast Cleaning was at that time a predominantly domestic blast cleaning company for low profit small items from household gates and bike wheels to the more profitable odd local council, trade and commercial projects. Within 12 months the company and business was repositioned and transformed to become the biggest commercial blast cleaning company in the Southeast of England.
Rationale – To increase profitability the company and realise the true potential of the business we identified the need to reposition the business services from deomestic blast cleaning company to a predominantly trade and commercial blast cleaning company.
Strategy – The marketing strategy devised to achieve this repositioning of the business included a change of company brand identity, new logo, new stationery, new van livery and the creation of a website (the company did not have a website) essentially taking the business online for the very first time.
Result – Within 7 days of the new Sussex Blast Cleaning website going online with new brand identity and logo the company received a £250K sales enquiry (which they won) for a major pharmaceuticals company. Within 6 months SBC won another £250K order for a project for the new T5 London Heathrow Terminal. Within 18 months the company won the prestige Mary Rose ship blast cleaning restoration project.
We never realised a new logo and website would have such a dramtic positive effect on the business… M Griffin, MD, Sussex Blast Cleaning Ltd


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Carpet cleaning tips:Havering RM4
Our favorite carpets and rugs do not always seem as incredible as we want them to be. No matter how careful we are, sometimes it happens to spill our morning coffee, juice, other liquid or food, or even worse - ink on their surfaces. In most cases, rapid and timely response is essential in order the carpet to remain clean and free of stains. Baby wipes have a variety of applications at home - cleaning the keyboard and monitor to removing our makeup. Today, however, we will use them to clean spilt coffee on the carpet. The faster you respond, the better - wipe the spilt liquid. Tissues will absorb liquid and will clean the fibers in depth. If it is necessary, repeat the procedure until you accomplish satisfying result.
You can remove stains from coffee and tea by using another drink - beer. Pour a little of it on a rag and rub the problem area on the carpet. At the end, remove the stain with a wet rag.
The most impossible for cleaning spots are those of ink. Some milk and cornstarch, however, will save this situation. Mix both components to give a thick slurry. Apply the mixture on the stain and let it dry for several hours. Then remove with a brush or vacuum cleaner.
Although everyday proper maintaining is very important for having a beautiful carpet, you should use professional carpet cleaning services in London at least once or twice a year. Prolux Carpet offers the highest quality services at the best price. The company is popular for its 24/7 customer support, well trained team of experts and the use of environmentally - friendly detergents. We know how harmful toxic chemicals can be and that is the primary reason for us to use safe products during our procedures.


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Some of you may know that I recently re-instated my order with Birchbox. I mean after finding out they were including a Beautyblender in their Sept box how could I not? I had three months worth of free Glossyboxes, so my plan was to give Birchbox two months to win me over, and if they did I was going to cancel my Glossybox and stick with them. So let's have a little look at what they sent out this month…
As you can see this months goodies came packed in a little pink zip bag instead of the usual draw string type. It's a nice change but I do prefer the draw string bags, they come in handy for so many things. This months box was also in association with CoppaFeel. This is an amazing charity that is trying to eliminate late detection of breast cancer. They remind thousands of woman every month to examine their breasts for signs and symptoms of abnormalities. If you have five minutes please pay the site a visit and sign up, it could very well save your life!
Shaveworks The Cool Fix -This little gel lotion is geared towards treating ingrowing hairs, razor bumps and redness. My other half has used this for years and swears by it. He was super happy when he saw that I had been sent this and immediately laid claim to it. If he gives it his seal of approval then you can garuntee that it's good stuff, he doesn't part with his cash easily!
Pixi by Petra Shea Butter Lip Balm – This is a lovely little balm that feels really buttery and hydrating. My only issue is that it's quite tinted, something I actually didn't realise until after I'd messily smeared it on and then realised I looked like a clown! Some people may love that it's tinted, me not so much. I like lip balms neutral so I can smear them on and not worry about messing them up.
KMS California FREE SHAPE Hot Flex Creme – This is supposed to smooth and shape your hair. For me this is a bit of a dud item. I'm not a fan of hair cremes as they seem to leave my hair heavy and greasy, plus we get too many in beauty boxes. I may try it and see if it's any good though.
Meaningful Beauty Anti-Ageing Wrinkle Smoothing Capsules – Well here's a product to get excited about. Designed by Dr Sebagh and Cindy Crawford, they are supposed to target fine lines and leave you with firmer, plumper looking skin. Now I have found products that actually deliver on this so I'll be interested to see how these compare.
Cattier Face Mask – Ummmmm I love the look of these masks that are supposed to illuminate and soften your complexion. I'll definitely be putting one of these on in the bath tonight and be reporting back.
A little extra gift from Birchbox was this cute little lipstick pen. This'll definitely come in handy for work.
In all honesty I wasn't massively disappointed with this months box but I wasn't blown away either. I'll use the masks and the shave gel has been stolen from me lol, but as for everything else it's just a bit meh! It's nice stuff but I wouldn't really go out of my way to use it. Unfortunately I've already cancelled my subscription in favour of Glossy as they are definitely coming out on top in the beauty box battle. Sorry Birchbox!
What do you guys think? Do your prefer Glossy or Birchbox? Or do you have another beauty box that trumps both of them?
Sonya D x


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Opulence abounds in this palatial single story custom.
Pairing traditional charm with tasteful updates is 51 Quail Hollow Drive, an elegant home in the stunning tree-lined neighborhood of Quail Ridge Estates. Situated on a land parcel measuring over half an acre on a quiet corner lot, this is the ideal home for those seeking timeless Tudor-inspired styling with the peace and quite of a truly established neighborhood.
Once through the guard gate, you're immediately transported to an elegant, quaint, lush neighborhood of custom homes not out of place in Southern California's most prestigious zip codes. Mature trees set in grass-lined greenbelts create a canopy above that creates a year-around natural vibrance. A circular paver driveway can easily accommodate 4 cars, with a multi-car garage discreetly located on the other side of this fine home. Through an oversized front door you'll find soaring ceilings, 24″ travertine flooring and a dramatic, vaulted living room. Rare ornate ceiling details include double coffered design and crown moulding for a refined look throughout this home. A built-in bar is the perfect place to host friends, while the formal dining space is large enough to accommodate even the largest of dining tables.
No stately home is complete without a modish chef's kitchen.
With incredible space from head to toe, you'll discover the opulent kitchen in 51 Quail Hollow Dr. to be as charming as it is inviting. Custom stone counters top every surface, and dramatic split-face quartz backsplash gleams under LED under cabinet lighting. An all-new island in contrasting ivory features designer details, including a custom apron sink by FRANKE, and faucet hardware by Grohe. At the heart of this culinary gathering space, a new 84″ Sub Zero refrigerator sits prominently clad in stainless steel. Finishing off this lovingly renovated space, a polished designer appliance suite by Kitchen-Aid, including dual dishwashers and powerful downdraft cooktop.
Adjacent the kitchen is a beautiful bonus room. Offering plenty of storage space this room is currently configured as a billiards space, and can just as easily serve as a casual den or breakfast room. The oversized family room overlooks the pool, with beautiful windows and coffered ceiling details setting a dramatic tone. The built-in entertainment center includes space for a large TV and offers a fireplace- one of two in this fine home. Among other features, 51 Quail Hollow is very forward thinking in it's recent upgrades. Chamberlin Whisper Drive garage door openers allow operation via smartphone, and a smart front doorbell by Ring makes package drop-off and delivery easy from anywhere in the world. You'll also find cost efficiency to be priority in this glamorous estate, with several investments made in modern water irrigation systems. In addition, every lightbulb inside & out has been recently replaced by LED units with Lutron switchware, making replacing lightbulbs a thing of the past.
With 4 oversized ensuite bedrooms, this residence lives like a fine manor. The master suite totals 1,500 Sq Ft, thoughtfully configured as a private, separate wing wrapping around the pool. Features include separate his/her closets, and a large master bath. Crema marfil flooring lines the expansive master bath, along with every bathroom in this elegant home. The large master bedroom boasts built-in storage space and two separate sitting rooms, perfect for a private den and sitting room in this beautiful space.
Over half an acre of land, all your own to enjoy
With just one neighbor, and backing to a quiet street and cul-de-sac, 51 Quail Hollow affords it's residents the utmost in privacy. A pool house/guest casita with bath totaling just under 200 Sq Ft is a perfect bonus room off the patio. An intimate side yard is perfect for a private garden or dog run, while the built-in BBQ and covered patio make for ideal outdoor entertaining. No need to pare down the pool party invite list- the expansive, oversized pool & spa can accommodate all your party guests with ease.
A truly luxurious, one-of-a-kind neighborhood.
Centrally located within minutes of McCarran International Airport on the heritage-heavy streets of Las Vegas/Henderson, Quail Ridge Estates is a fine neighborhood conceived with the most elegant of intentions. Through dual guard gates, you'll find lush greenery lining every street. A clubhouse with lit-tennis court and duck pond is a great place for get-togethers all year long. With less than 100 homes, this neighborhood is as exceptional as it is lovingly curated, making it the perfect place for raising a family or vacation home residence.


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We are glad to announce you the great success of Syskevasia 18 (16th International Exhibition of Packaging, Machines, Printings & Logistics) and of Plastica 18 (10th International Exhibition of Plastics, Machines, Moulds & Recycling) which took place in Athens Metropolitan Expo, 12-15 October 2018.
17.000 visitors and 330 exhibitors from Greece and from 15 countries contributed the maximum for the success of Syskevasia & Plastica and for the increase of the expectations for the upcoming exhibitions. Companies from the wider area of packaging and plastics were present to show their products, their services and also the new innovations to the visitors who came and they clearly were more than the previous exhibitions.
The exhibitors were very satisfied not only from the organization of the exhibitions, but also from the level of the visitors which was very professional one more time according to them and their interest for these exhibitions was really high and serious and the visitors were more targeted than any previous time.
We, the organizers as always offer the maximum of a faultless organization of the exhibitions providing high level services not only to our exhibitors but also to our visitors. According to this philosophy, this year we moved to new innovations for everyone which will be improved every time we repeat our shows. For the first time, we provided to our exhibitors a hosted buyers program, as with our own expenses foreign visitors came from different countries such as Israel, Bulgaria, Turkey, Cyprus etc, with the purpose to start business with Greek exporting companies. The meetings booked via a special platform in our website and took place in the exhibitor's stands.
Also, at the entrance of the exhibitions we provided electronic visitor's registration and for first time in the history of exhibitions in Greece we gave the opportunity to the exhibitors to have electronic visitor's registration via smart phones at their stands.
In the framework of the exhibitions and as Syskevasia completed 30 years of contribution to the Greek market and not only, we awarded, in a special ceremony which took place in the exhibitions area, the companies which participated every year since 1988 as well as the unions and associations which support us all these years.
Last but not least, we want to thank all our partners, exhibitors and visitors who honored us with their presence and we wait you all in autumn 2020 even bigger, even better!
Best regards,
Petros Petropoulos
Manager/MSc Management


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For women, fashion accessories, like bags, scarves and jewelries are essential women accessories. Women accessories and fashion accessories like bags, clutch purse, scarves and fashion jewelry for every occasion to modern and trendy women. Some handbags are very practical and aesthetically designed. It is all about elegance, style and being sensible. Fashion accessories are a vital part of a lady's grooming, making them gorgeous and feel great. Sometimes the way a woman dresses for special events and special evenings is incomplete without the right women accessories. A lady can complete her wardrobe with the right combination of women clothing and women accessories.
[instantazon id='wpis_1463875522′]


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Values | Goal 1 | Goal 2 | Goal 3 |
Vision:A digital economy enabled by a knowledgeable and skilled cybersecurity workforce.
Mission:To energize and promote a robust network and an ecosystem of cybersecurity education, training, and workforce development.
- Seek Evidence – inform actions or decisions with data and pursue objective and reliable sources of information
- Pursue Action – create concrete steps towards deliverable outcomes to achieve mission and goals
- Challenge Assumptions – examine rationale for past and present education, training, and workforce approaches and apply critical analysis to future solutions
- Drive Change – seek creative and innovative solutions that might disrupt or defy the status quo
- Stimulate Innovation – inspire and experiment with new approaches to education, training, and skills development
- Foster Communication – raise awareness of cybersecurity education and workforce issues and encourage openness to build trust
- Facilitate Collaboration – combine the knowledge and skills of multiple stakeholders with multiple viewpoints to achieve the best outcomes
- Share Resources – leverage, support, and raise awareness of community-developed approaches and solutions
- Model Inclusion – encourage participation from stakeholders with diverse backgrounds and viewpoints
- Measure Results – assess the effectiveness of results through both quantitative metrics and qualitative measures
Goal #1 Accelerate Learning and Skills Development
Inspire a sense of urgency in both the public and private sectors to address the shortage of skilled cybersecurity workers
1.1 Stimulate the development of approaches and techniques that can more rapidly increase the supply of qualified cybersecurity workers
1.2 Advance programs that reduce the time and cost for obtaining knowledge, skills, and abilities for in-demand work roles
1.3 Engage displaced workers or underemployed individuals who are available and motivated to assume cybersecurity work roles
1.4 Experiment with the use of apprenticeships and cooperative education programs to provide an immediate workforce that can earn a salary while they learn the necessary skills
1.5 Explore methods to identify gaps in cybersecurity skills and raise awareness of training that addresses identified workforce needs
Goal #2 Nurture a Diverse Learning Community
Strengthen education and training across the ecosystem to emphasize learning, measure outcomes, and diversify the cybersecurity workforce
2.1 Improve education programs, co-curricular experiences, and training and certifications
2.2 Encourage tools and techniques that effectively measure and validate individual aptitude, knowledge, skills, and abilities
2.3 Inspire cybersecurity career awareness with students in elementary school, stimulate cybersecurity career exploration in middle school, and enable cybersecurity career preparedness in high school
2.4 Grow creative and effective efforts to increase the number of women, minorities, veterans, persons with disabilities, and other underrepresented populations in the cybersecurity workforce
2.5 Facilitate the development and dissemination of academic pathways for cybersecurity careers
Goal #3 Guide Career Development and Workforce Planning
Support employers to address market demands and enhance recruitment, hiring, development, and retention of cybersecurity talent
3.1 Identify and analyze data sources that support projecting present and future demand and supply of qualified cybersecurity workers
3.2 Publish and raise awareness of the NICE Cybersecurity Workforce Framework and encourage adoption
3.3 Facilitate state and regional consortia to identify cybersecurity pathways addressing local workforce needs
3.4 Promote tools that assist human resource professionals and hiring managers with recruitment, hiring, development, and retention of cybersecurity professionals
3.5 Collaborate internationally to share best practices in cybersecurity career development and workforce planning
Download the Strategic Plan Brochure .
View the previous NICE Strategic Plan (2012) .


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Brand Film for ONE OF
Previous / Next
The ONE OF Collection is a beautiful line of knitwear, all hand made in Northern California. Each garment is unique and individually crafted by owner Kenlynn Wilson. The line features beautiful patterns and classic silhouettes that are flattering for women of all ages.
Advertised brand: ONE OF Headline and copy text: Brand Film for ONE OF Advertising Agency: Vertical Online Web: http://www.verticalonline.com/ Director: Logan Kelsey Music Licensing: Deep East Music, via MusicBox USA Released: March 2012


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Archaeology and learning: Summer opportunities
Submitted by Catherine Long (email@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com)
Question: Well, it's summer now and what are kids doing?
Answer: Attending summer camp and having fun on summer vacation!
One of the great opportunities to educate children about archaeology occurs during the summer months. As many of you all know, one of the primary objectives of SGA is to raise public awareness of the importance of archaeology through education.
Check out the local listings for camps, field schools and volunteer opportunities. For those interested in archaeology as a career or to spur their child to examine the interdisciplinary focus of the field it is great fun for everyone. Kids of all ages will enjoy delving into examining the legacy left behind by others.
A great introduction to Georgia archaeology is the book Frontiers in the Soil. This website is THE place to order a copy of Frontiers. (Click here for ordering information.)
Don't forget to check out educational resources listed at the SGA website too. Summer is a great time to explore Georgia's rich history – whether it's visiting a local Georgia State Park Historic Site, a local museum or ongoing field school—get out there.
Happy exploring this summer!


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Brutal.io Play Online
Brutal.io is a full of fun web browser game from the developer of Wings.io. Players of Brutal.io play online each other from the four corners of the earth. The main goal in the game is quite simple.
Brutal.io Play Online
Control your vehicle and throw your flail attached to the vehicle against other players' vehicle.
Grab energy from versicolor small things to enlarge your flail, try to destroy your foes by using your flail, then become number 1 and dominate the battle area in this abstract space.
Don't forget! If you come into contact with other players' flail, you will be instantly deleted and you have to start all over again.
How To Play Brutal.io
Brutal.io play online is extremely simple. By clicking mouse button, you can release your flail and by clicking again, you can get it back. Watch out green sentinels, by the way. They steal energy from you if you get in touch with them.
Brutal.io play online has got pure two dimensional graphics. You'll feel in control of your vehicle and your flail after some time playing. It is fast-paced game, so you always have to stay alert and keep moving.
Act wisely while playing the game! You can set a snare for your foes, strategies will help you to destroy all your opponents in battle area. Are you brutal enough to conquer the battle arena? If you say yes, join this amazing two dimensional MMO game and play it in real time, with thousands around the world.


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Jāra is a peaceful hamlet located on a river valley that you encounter while you travel in the northeastern sector of Mangalore city from Bondel Padushedde to Mudushedde along the sylvan and circuitous interior route. You will not the see the name of this hamlet in the list of villages of Mangalore Taluk. However, the hamlet must have been quite famous once upon a time in the past history.
The Kingly Spirit ('Rajan daiva') of Tulunadu Jārandāya was said to be from the hamlet of Jāra. The term 'Jārandāya' means a man from the Jara. Note that the actual name of the Spirit is not mentioned but the place from which hailed has been affirmed in the name of Jārandāya. Thus the name of the place Jāra was quite known to the rural people of that time, even though decidely could not recollect his actual proper name!
Jāra is an interesting place name, more so because it no longer has remained in our current vocabulary. Origin of unusual sounding ancient place names surviving around us like fossils of the past history continue to haunt, as vestigial reminders of bygone words from the languages that once dominated these lands we have inherited. Jāra is one such ancient place name surviving in Tulunadu, but surprisingly it is not an exclusive Tulu word as we find similar analogous place names all over India and abroad.
Villages named Jāra exist not only in Tulunadu but also in the States of Gujarath, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. There are about 1000 villages in India having the name of Jara and its variants. Among variants commonly we find are: Jar, (Jhar, Jarh) or Jaru or Jari or Jarai. Also find modifications (with spatial suffixes) such as : Jaram, Jariya, Jarga, Jarige, Jar(a)ka, Jaraki (as in Jarakihole), Jargi, Jargipara, Jarwa, Jarapa, Jarad, Jarada, Jarasa, Jario, Jarkala, Jaroli, Jharwara, Jarara, Jaruha, Jaraila, Jarkheda, Jaronda, Jaranga, Jarigada, Jaripada, Jariput, Jaripal, etc. The State of Jharkhand carries the name " Jhara" and besides a large number of Jāra named villages exist in Jharkhand!
Jāra meaning
One possible way to understand the word is to search for the known meaning of this word in languages around us. Jara was a masculine name among Tulu tribes such as Jārappa. (Similarly in the Western countries we find that Jára is a short name for Jarmila, Jaromir and Jaroslav.). In some countries, Jara is a first feminine name.
Besides, some of the possible related shades of usages in current Tulu, Kannada and Tamil languages are:
Jaripu , jariyu,jāru(Tulu)= 1.slide, slip, 2.insult;
Jāru, Jaragu (Tulu, Kannada)=1.slip,slide,move;
Jaragu 2.happen; occur.
JaraDi (Kannada )=sieve.
Ojjara (Tamil), ~Osar, uje, Uti (Tulu); Osaru, jzari (Kannada)=Spring, fountain,oozing water;
In other languages the term Jāra means:
Jāra (Sanskrit) = 1.mistress; whore, 2. waterfall.
Jara (Pali) = aging; decay.
Jara (Rajastani) =rust.
Jara (Odisi/Oriya) =old, decrepit; fever
Jara (Slavic languages) = spring.
Jara (Turkish ) = strong, spring.
Jara (Sindhi) =water.
Jara (Bulgarian) = air, glow, mirage.
Jara (Hebrew) = he enlightens, he shines.
Zāra (Arabic) = flower; shining, bright.
Jara (Australian/ aboriginal ) = seagull.
Jara names worldwide
Jara is the name of a Nigerian language.
Jara River, is a tributary of the Şuşiţa River, Romania.
Jara, Ethiopia , is a mountain near Wallaga.
La Jara, New Mexico, census-designated place in Sandoval County, United States.
La Jara, Colorado, a town in Conejos County, United States
La Jara, comarca in western Spain.
Coincidence vs. inheritance
While some of you may like to dismiss off the existence of analogous words in different parts of the world as mere coincidence, the general logical explanation for such similarities is that the primitive cultures inherited many of the basic words across the barriers of language and cultures on account of migration and interactions.
Also there is a possibility that there were several analogous words from diverse origins having different meanings. Some of the basic meanings we can attribute to the word based on analysis as above are:
Jāra = 1.Spring, oozing source of water;waterfall.
Jāra =2.Sloping land; Sliding.
Jāra= 3. Sloppy morals, fallen man or woman.
Jāra =4.Shining, bright object etc.
Jarā =5.Aging, sickness.
Jāra Villages
Based on the above discussions we may infer that Jāra actually meant a valley zone endowed with water or simply a village located on the banks of a river or stream. Thus in a sense the term Jāra was an alternate word for the ancient word Ala which also means a land on the bank of a river or stream.
In Tulunadu we also find compound place names that contain Jāra with additional adjectives such as: Kenjār, Mijār, Kanajār, Kilinjar, etc.
For the time being, using the explanations given in previous posts, we can understand the meaning of these villages as follows:
Kenjar= Ancient Riverside Village of 'Red' skinned ('Kench') immigrant tribes.
Mijar= Ancient riverside village on an elevated plateau area.
Kanajar= Riverside village of Kanna tribes.
Kilinjar= Riverside village on the lower bank.
Chāra is a village located on the bank of River Seetha in Karkal Taluk, Udupi District. The place name Chāra appears to be an alternate version of the term Jara. There are several Chara village is located in different parts of India. The Ja>Cha lingual variations may the source of these changes.There are several Chāra based villages in Karavali such as Kolchar, Paichar, Kodichar, etc
Ancient place names remain mute spectators to the drastic topographic changes in the land with the result we find some of these Jāra villages currently located on the banks of dried up river channels.


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Public Liability
Cover from £1million to £10million
Despite our best intentions, accidents can and do happen. However, if a member of the public is injured as a result of you carrying out your business, or damage is caused to their property, then you could face a nasty claim for compensation.
Unfortunately, in today's 'blame and claim' culture claims like these can quickly run into thousands of pounds. For example, if someone slipped on a wet surface at your premises then it's likely they will want to be reimbursed for time off work, medical bills, solicitor's fees, court fees – the list goes on!
For a competitive price, public liability insurance from The County Group will protect you against circumstances like these. The minimum amount of cover available is £1 million and this can be increased in multiples up to a maximum of £10 million. Recommended cover levels vary by trade or profession and business size.
To help protect your business, The County Group offer public liability as a standalone policy or it can purchased together with any of our other business insurance policies. Commonly, it is bought as part of a combined policy with employers' liability insurance. Find out more here.
"We have renewed our public liability insurance for the 5th year with The County Group. We found their prices competitive and correspondence and staff very efficient."
This includes sole traders through to large corporate companies across all industries and sectors. Specialist cover for taxi drivers, couriers and hauliers is also available.
*Terms, conditions and policy limitations may apply. Testimonials have been taken from genuine existing and previous clients of The County Group or one of our brands. Opinions expressed are those of the individual and not those of County Insurance Consultants Ltd.


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Badgley Mischka took fashionistas on a trip to 1950s Buenos Aires for the designer brand's spring 2016 catwalk show on Tuesday, presenting a collection of summer tweed and brocade outfits.
"We got inspired by an imaginary trip to Buenos Aires in 1950," James Mischka, one half of the design duo, said before the show.
"We weren't there then, so we had to imagine it which makes it more fabulous ... We thought about the femininity of the Paris of South America, the combination of the European sensibility and the Latin sensibility."
Hollywood star Helen Mirren was among the audience at the show, part of New York Fashion Week which ends on Thursday.


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Aunt Polly
This person has taken Tom and Sid in, and is both exasperated and amused by Tom. This character feels bound by conscience to punish Tom.
Widow Douglas
Huck Finn saves this character from a murdering miscreant, enlisting the help of a man and his two sons. A pious and good-hearted person from St. Petersburg, this character later takes Huck Finn in with the intention of "civilizing" him.
Huckleberry Finn
This "juvenile pariah of the village" and "romantic outcast" is "cordially hated and dreaded by all the mothers" of St. Petersburg and secretly admired by their children.
Joe Harper
This character is Tom's best friend and a member of Tom's pirate gang known as "the Terror of the Seas." When the "pirates" run away on a short-lived pirating adventure, this character is the first to admit to homesickness.
Injun Joe
This character is the villain of the...
(read more Character Descriptions)
This section contains 570 words
(approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)