The verb ser is used for conditions or characteristics that are permanent and the verb estar is used for transitory or not permanent conditions or characteristics.
Maria está bonita (Maria is beautiful) – In that moment Maria is beautiful, but maybe she doesn’t look beautiful all the time.
Conjugation of the verb ser and estar – Conjugación de los verbos ser y estarIn Spanish, the conjugation of the verb is the result of the root of the verb (stem) and a specific termination. For example, the conjugation of a verb for the person “Yo” (I) is different from “Ellos” (they). Thus, generally, the termination of the verb is enough to indicate which person the verb is related to, even when the person is omitted in a sentence.
In this website vosotros and vosotras are not going to be considered because these forms are just used in Spain.
Usted and ustedes are respectful and formal words used to express you, in the singular and plural forms.
1- When referring to places that a person is located, the verb “estar” must be used and when referring to a place that a person is from, the verb “ser” is used.