Foundation is a structural part of a building on which a building stands. Foundation transmits and distributes its own load and imposed loads to the soil in such a way that the load-bearing capacity of the foundation bed is not exceeded.
The solid ground on which the foundation rests is called foundation bed. There are various types of foundation. They can be categorized into two types.
A shallow foundation is a type of foundation that transfers loads to the very near the surface. Shallow foundations typically have a depth to width ratio of less than 1.
The shallow foundation itself can be various types.
Wall footings are used to distribute loads of structural load-bearing walls to the soil.
Deep foundations are those founding too deeply below the finished ground surface for their base bearing capacity to be affected by surface conditions, this is usually at depths of 3 meter below finished ground-level. Deep foundations can be used to transfer the load to a deeper, more competent strata at depth if unsuitable soils are present near the surface.
Pile foundations are a common type of deep foundation. These are relatively long, slender members that transmit foundation loads through soil strata of low bearing capacity to deeper soil or rock strata having a high bearing capacity. They are used when for economic, constructional or soil condition considerations it is desirable to transmit loads to strata beyond the practical reach of shallow foundations.
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what is well foundation ??
Well foundation is a type of deep foundation which is generally provided below the water level for bridges. Cassions or well have been in use for foundations of bridges and other structures since Roman and Mughal periods.
Great article!! you have explained in very much detail about this topic which will be very useful for engineers like us.
Thanks, Shadrach. Isolated footing is called individual footing.
Isolated footing is called individual footing, Shadrach.
You are most welcome, Dhruvi.
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