Breast Cancer is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Clinical Consult.
Genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 function as tumor suppressor genes, and mutation leads to cell cycle progression and limitations in DNA repair (2).
Mutations in estrogen/progesterone induce cyclin D1 and c-Myc expression, leading to cell cycle progression.
Additional tumors (33%) may cross-talk with estrogen receptors and epidermal growth factors receptors (EGFR), leading to similar abnormal cellular replication.
Mutation in BRCA raises risk to 45–65% from 7% at age 70 years.
Maintain healthy weight—obesity increases BC risk; limit high carbohydrates.
Be physically active—150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes vigorous activity weekly.
Eat healthy diet—limit processed/red meat, 7 to 10 servings of vegetables and fruits daily; limit refined-grain.
Limit EtOH—moderate alcohol use increases risk of BC.
Stephens, Mark B., et al., editors. "Breast Cancer." 5-Minute Clinical Consult, 27th ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2019. Medicine Central, im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116089/all/Breast_Cancer.
Breast Cancer. In: Stephens MB, Golding J, Baldor RA, et al, eds. 5-Minute Clinical Consult. 27th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116089/all/Breast_Cancer. Accessed April 21, 2019.
Breast Cancer [Internet]. In: Stephens MB, Golding J, Baldor RA, Domino FJ, editors. 5-Minute Clinical Consult. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. [cited 2019 April 21]. Available from: https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116089/all/Breast_Cancer.