Five new species of Dionysia are described (D. viva, D. zschummelii, D. crista-galli, D. zetterlundii and D. tacamahaca) from the Zagros mountains of W Iran. One subspecies (D. sarvestanica subsp. spatulata), one variety (D. gaubae var. macrantha) and two sections (D. sect. Zoroasteranthos and D. sect. Mucida) are also described as new. A revised classification of the genus is suggested and a complete list of species is provided, in which some emendations to previously published data are given. A dichotomous key to the species is presented.
A new subtribal classification of the Compositae-Anthemideae is presented based on phylogenetic reconstructions for sequence information of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) for 103 of the 111 accepted genera of the tribe. Results of the present analyses are compared with results from phylogenetic analyses based on cpDNA ndhF sequence variation and discussed in conjunction with morphological, anatomical, cytological, embryological and phytochemical evidence. As a result, 14 subtribes are circumscribed and described in detail, with information provided concerning the generic members and the geographical distribution of these entities. Four subtribes (i.e. Osmitopsidinae, Phymasperminae, Pentziinae and Leucanthemopsidinae) are described as new to science, for a further subtribe a new name (Glebionidinae, replacing the illegitimate Chrysantheminae) is validated.
KEYWORDS: Compositae, dandelions, Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma, taxonomy, Taraxacum starmuehleri, Taraxacum edessicoides.
Two new species of Taraxacum from Istria and adjacent islands, in the northeastern part of the Mediterranean, are described as new and illustrated. Both belong to Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma and have a chromosome number of 2n = 3x = 24. Their known distribution is presented.
Recognising Pilosella as a genus distinct from Hieracium is justified both from a phylogenetic point of view (a more broadly defined Hieracium, to be monophyletic, would have to include at least two further genera along with Pilosella: Andryala and Hispidella) and for practical considerations. In Hieracium, almost all taxa are apomicts that rarely hybridise, and whenever they do, give rise to new, stable apomictic lines that are customarily given taxonomic recognition as species or subspecies. In Pilosella hybridisation is frequent, gene flow between populations (however defined) is considerable, and the recognition of microtaxa as if they were apomictic lines is unpractical. The classification here proposed rests on a framework of twenty accepted “basic” species (some with subspecies) or species aggregates. Hybrid progenies in which 2-3(-4) of these species or aggregates are believed to have participated are treated as 122 “collective species”, one per known or postulated parental combination. Each of these comprises one recognised species, or sometimes more than one when an included morphotype is stable over a significant, coherent area, or when the offspring of a particular subspecies or microspecies combination deserves recognition. A synopsis of the proposed classification is presented, and required new names and combinations are validated.
Guenthera repanda (≡ Brassica repanda) was discovered on Mt Baldo (SE Prealps, Italy). Comparisons with the known subspecies confirmed that the Mt Baldo populations represents a new taxon, here described as subsp. baldensis. The new subspecies has the closest morphological affinities to subspecies of the eastern Iberian Peninsula and not to the three subspecies known from the Alps and NE Italy. Data on the local distribution and ecology of the new taxon are reported.
The present paper reports about the naturalization of the Mexican grass species Paspalum paucispicatum in the Loire valley in France. The species has long been confused with and erroneously referred to as P. dilatatum, P. distichum, P. longipilum or P. pubiflorum. A revision of several relevant herbaria enabled us to reconstruct the species' invasion history in France. Main diacritic features are given and an identification key for Paspalum in France is presented. P. paucispicatum, of a debated taxonomic rank in its area of origin but clearly delimited in France, is probably better treated as a subspecies of P. distichum; hence the new combination at subspecific level is validated.
Continuing a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to the Med-Checklist project are presented, this instalment deals with the families Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Compositae, Fagaceae, Labiatae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Saxifragaceae, Umbelliferae, Verbenaceae; and Gramineae. It includes new country and area records, taxonomic and distributional considerations. A new name in Quercus and a new combination in Aegilops are validated, and two new subspecies are described in Arrhenatherum.
Brachypodium glaucovirens is the correct name for B. firmifolium formerly regarded either as a Cyprus endemic or as a synonym of B. sylvaticum. The most important diagnostic features against B. sylvaticum are the erect racemes and finely prickled to shortly hairy longitudinal ribs on the adaxial leaf blade surface. Constancy of these characters was proven by cultivation in experimental plots (source plants from Cyprus and the S Aegean region). A key to the species and its relatives is provided. The names B. glaucovirens and B. firmifolium are lectotypified.
KEYWORDS: Montenegro, Mt Orjen, taxonomy, synecology, Iris pseudopallida, Iris reichenbachii.
Iris orjenii from Mt Orjen in Montenegro is described as a species new to science, it is illustrated and the chromosome number of 2n = 24 is given. The differences from the closely related I. pseudopallida and I. reichenbachii are pointed out and details on the synecology of the new species are provided.
New localities and records of major chorological significance are presented for 46 taxa rare or neglected in Greece, most of them of a Central European or Eurasian distribution, meeting their southernmost limits of occurrence in the northern part of the country. Hieracium brevifolium and Succisa pratensis are reconfirmed for the flora of Greece.
KEYWORDS: Allium sect. Allium, Anatolia, angiosperms, chorology, taxonomy, Teucrium sect. Teucrium.
Continuing a series of miscellaneous contributions on the taxonomy, nomenclature, site-ecology and chorology of vascular plants of Turkey, the second instalment deals with 15 taxa of the families Alliaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Colchicaceae, Dipsacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Papaveraceae and Ranunculaceae. Allium antalyense, Cephalaria gazipashensis subsp. pilifera and Teucrium pseudaroanium are described as new to science and illustrated. Allium (sect. Allium) antalyense belongs to the informal Sphaerocephalon group and is closely allied to A. reuterianum. It is an overlooked local endemic of the Western Taurus (Teke Dağı) and grows in the subalpine belt on limestone. Teucrium (sect. Teucrium) pseudaroanium was found in the Demre Çayı valley in the province of Antalya, where it inhabits limestone marble cliffs of the thermo-Mediterranean belt. It forms together with the Greek endemic T. aroanium and the SW Anatolian endemic T. alyssifolium a group of closely related species that are linked by reticulately distributed characters. Characters and ecological requirements of the members of this T. aroanium group are discussed; the taxonomically important trichome types are particularly considered and figured by SEM micrographs. Chamaesyce nutans, R. peltatus s.str. and Zuvanda exacoides are new records for the flora of Turkey. Three taxa are suggested to be sunk in synonymy, viz. Allium vuralii (in A. scabriflorum), Draba terekemensis (in D. imeretica) and Ranunculus kastamonuensis (in R. peltatus). The new combinations Chamaesyce forskalii and Colchicum figlalii are validated. New keys are provided for the genus Chamaesyce and the infraspecific taxa of Camelina hispida.
A distinctive new species, Ferulago glareosa, is described as a species new to science and illustrated from a localised area of Erzincan province. It differs from all other species in the genus on account of its scree-like habit, scarcely developed fibrous collar, slender stems, loose inflorescence, few-rayed umbels and the scarcely winged lateral ridges on the mericarps. Despite its anomalous facies in the genus, molecular evidence indicates affinities with Ferulago and there are no apparent reasons for not including it in this genus.
Verbascum lindae, a taxonomically isolated limestone chasmophyte from the vilayet of Isparta in SW Anatolia is described as a species new to science and illustrated. Its affinities with other Anatolian Verbascum species, which have either a chasmophytic habit or at least a woody base, are discussed.
Two species of Socotra Island and N Somalia, respectively, known as Prenanthes amabilis and P. somaliensis, are identified by molecular (ITS and matK) and morphological analyses as the closest relatives to Cichorium, hitherto considered an isolated genus of the tribe Cichorieae. To accommodate these two species, the new genus Erythroseris is established, the new combinations E. amabilis and E. somalensis are validated, and the basionym Tolpis somalensis is neotypified. Morphological differences and accordances between Cichorium and Erythroseris are discussed. It is concluded from the micromorphological results that the scaly pappus of Cichorium is homologous with the setaceous pappus as present in Erythroseris. A key to the species, illustrations of achenes, pappus and pollen, and a distribution map of the new genus are given.
Astragalus fissicalyx and A. veiskaramii are described as species new to science and illustrated. Based on gross morphology and petiole anatomy the relationships between the new species and their closest relatives, i.e. A. diopogon and A. anthylloides, respectively, are discussed.
KEYWORDS: Leguminosae, taxonomy, Astragalus kiviensis, Astragalus kadschoroides.
Astragalus kiviensis and A. kadschoroides are described as species new to science and illustrated, raising the number of short-stemmed species of A. sect. Onobrychoidei in Iran to five. The other three are A. asciocalyx, A. lilacinus and A. scapiger. A key is provided to the species of this morphological group in Iran, characterized by short stems very densely covered with grey, appressed hairs and becoming woody at the base.
Tetrazygia decorticans from central Cuba, a species new to science, is described and illustrated. Its position in Tetrazygia is discussed. The species is easily distinguished from other Cuban melastomes by its reddish bark that peels off in long laminar shreds.
Philodendron scherberichii of P. subg. Philodendron, from a high mountain forest in the Department of Nariño, is described as a species new to science and compared with P. lentii, a morphologically similar species. Both species are members of P. sect. Macrobelium subsect. Macrobelium ser. Ecordata.
Restrepiella lueri is described as a species new to science and illustrated from Costa Rica. The new species differs from R. ophiocephala by (1) the free lateral sepals with irregularly dentate margins, (2) the glabrous petals provided with three low, longitudinal keels, (3) the elliptic, simple lip, longer than the column and as long as the petals, ciliate along the margins and hirsute at apex, with three longitudinal keels from the base extending to the middle of the blade, and (4) the column without a foot. A key to the species of Restrepiella is provided.
Xanthosoma narinoense and Chlorospatha hastifolia from Colombia are described as species new to science. The delimitation of the two genera Xanthosoma and Chlorospatha is discussed and the new combination C. feuersteiniae validated for a species originally described in Xanthosoma.
During investigations into four regions of Montenegro (Rumija Mts, Lovčen Mts, the coastal area around Kotor, Durmitor National Park) and one of Serbia (Stara Planina Mts) carried out in 2003–2005, 28 bryophyte taxa new to Montenegro and 22 new to Serbia were collected. Two of these, Cynodontium gracilescens and Pohlia nutans subsp. schimperi, are new to the Balkan peninsula and four additional species were not known to occur in the whole territory of former Yugoslavia: Encalypta microstoma, Grimmia dissimulata, G. torquata, and Orthotrichum urnigerum. An annotated catalogue of the new records is presented, including notes on substrates and associated bryophytes. Bryogeographic relations are discussed with reference to some ecological characteristics of the regions investigated.
167 taxa of lichens are reported from the island of Upernavik. Their associations are briefly indicated and the new species Rhizocarpon subareolatum is described. For 25 taxa the records mean northern range extensions. The lichen flora of the island is comparatively rich in species with a distinct preference for moist habitats, while it is poor in species adapted to more xeric environments.
184 lichen taxa are reported from three mountain areas and one coastal locality in Guatemala, 159 of which are considered new records for Guatemala; of these, 52 are new to Central America and 12 new to the Neotropics. Notes on ecology and detailed chemical analyses are given for many taxa.
Data on comparative carpology of the species of Corispermum are presented. Their fruits are monomorphic and characterised by similar structural peculiarities. A combination of carpological features is shown to be important in the taxonomy and systematics of Corispermum species. 13 groups of species are distinguished based on fruit shape and dimensions, indumentum, wing shape and width, ultrasculpture of pericarp surface, detachment patterns, thickness of the outer pericarp layer and number of macrosclereid layers in the median portion of a fruit. A diagnostic key to the species groups supplemented by further characters is provided. Differences and general trends of specialisation in the anatomic structure of Corispermum and the other two genera of the Corispermoideae, Anthochlamys and Agriophyllum, is shown. The delimitation of the subfamily is confirmed by the results of the fruit anatomical studies.