1- scale of investigation of the granularity of objects in the information era.  Research concerning sub-atomic scale leads to inventions of nanomaterials and phenomenas that are crucial for development of conteporary architecture in another scales, based on complex swarm systems , networks and relationships between elements.
1. Prof. Ludger Hovestadt : "No longer are objects or processes the constituting elements of a building. Now they are described as technical networks of communicating nodes, which balance themselves in contrived patterns."