Swedish is a North Germanic language, spoken predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the coast and on the Åland islands. It is to a considerable extent mutually intelligible with Norwegian and to a lesser extent with Danish.
Along with the other North Germanic languages, Swedish is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples living in Scandinavia during the Viking Era.
Verbs inflect for the present tense, past tense, imperative and indicative mood. Other tenses are formed by combinations of auxiliary verbs with infinitives or a special form of the participle called the "supine".
In total there are 6 spoken active-voice forms for each verb: infinitive, imperative, present, preterite/past, supine, and past participle. The only subjunctive form used in everyday speech is vore, the past subjunctive of vara ("to be"). It is used as one way of expressing the conditional ("would be", "were"), but is optional. Except for this form, subjunctive forms are considered archaic.
In linguistics, a defective verb is a verb with an incomplete conjugation. Defective verbs cannot be conjugated in certain tenses, aspects, or moods.
The table below shows defective verbs in Swedish. The glossary look-up form -- which is normally the infinitive -- is marked in bold for the defective verbs.
Verbs don't have conjunctive forms in contemporary Swedish. It is used in some phrases only, such as in leve Kungen!. Thus a missing conjuctive doesn't make a verb defective.
In the sense to teach this verb is regular and conjugated in all tenses.
The infinitive exists in Swedish of Finland but not in Sweden.
As is the case with all living languages, new verbs are invented and imported to the Swedish language. The list below is compiled by the Swedish Academy.
bolagisera , certifiera , dissa , dubbelklicka , dubbelpanera , flippa , frihetsberöva , fönstershoppa , inkomstpröva , kameraövervaka , lyxrenovera , marknadsanpassa , mingla , pierca , promota , punktbevaka , pusha , skatteplanera , skejta , sms:a , sommarprata , uppgradera , överbelåna .
Conjugate these regular verbs here or visit Språktidningen to see the meaning.