Project Darwin-Lamarck is an internationally collaborative project to explore and decipher the unknown biodiversity of Argentina for the development of innovative medicines of the XXI century. During the next four years, fourteen expeditions from Amazonia to Antarctica will permit the building of a Biobank of natural compounds containing innovative natural product libraries. Project Darwin-Lamarck has been designed strictly following the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing, and our company has signed appropriate agreements with local governments and universities in Argentina. The main goal is to create the first exosome library composed of 30,000 species and more than 350,000 samples from plants, fungi, algae, microorganisms and insects. We are ready to decipher the cross-kingdom communication process mediated by ultra-purified exosomes and to identify the multi-target and real effects mediated by non-human exosomes on human cells and evaluate the existence of new small RNAs phenotypic effects and new CRISPR-like DNA interference genotypic effects.