Rio M, Tanaka O., Ishichi S.
ABSTRACT: The quantitative data secured in corrosion tests are often of a very low order of magnitude. When the corrosion rate is of the order of less than 0.1 mils penetration per year, the actual numbers carry little significance. If, for example, a test indicates a corrosion rate of 0.1 mils penetration per year for Steel A, and .002 for Steel B, it should not be concluded that Steel A is twice as good as Steel B, but rather that both steels are entirely suitable for service in the environment.
ABSTRACT: This review discussed polymer nanocomposite manufacturing techniques including, In situ intercalative polymerization, Exfoliation-Adsorption, Melt Intercalation. In addition to presenting the scientific framework for the advances in polymer nanocomposite research, this review focuses on the scientific principles and mechanisms in relation to the methods of processing and manufacturing. Hence, this review offers a comprehensive discussion on processing and manufacturing concerns for polymer nanocomposites.
ABSTRACT: Intercalation and exfoliation phenomena have investigated in the polymer composite that reinforced with clay nanoparticle, so on expressed as nanocomposite materials. When such organoclays are dispersed in a polymer or a polymer precursor, further intercalation can occur and in ideal considerations will lead to complete separation of the layers or exfoliation. Since the improvements in properties of polymer nanocomposites are directly related to the quality of clay intercalation and exfoliation, it is important to study the intercalation and exfoliation. The result of these phenomena is too efficient reinforcing effect because the layers are highly anisometric (1 nm thick and hundreds of nm in diameter) and a relatively small amount of clay can give rise to a very large number of particles with a correspondingly large surface area. To characterization of these phenomena the two techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are commonly used that both provide useful information.
Mahsheykh S. and Robert S. B.