In enabling the study of the theory and practice of mineral law, this course focuses on building understanding of the complexities of the mineral laws of selected African jurisdictions in their historical, constitutional and political setting. It introduces the topic by dealing with the prevalent regulatory frameworks for mineral law in Africa, and the core concepts. It deals specifically with the nature and content of rights to minerals. In doing so, it analyses critically the extent of current regulatory controls and/or lack thereof, focusing specifically on provisions dealing with resource rents, social and environmental responsibility, and governance in the mineral and petroleum sectors. This allows students to gain a critical understanding of the practical context in which mineral law operates, and the need for reform.