In medicine, lasers were first used by ophthalmologists. Innovation continues in this area: femtosecond lasers in cataract surgery, lasering vitreous floaters, and cyclophotocoagulation for glaucoma. Postop periods for common laser procedures have been changed in the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, so the billing rules changed too. Those laser surgeries classified as minor procedures (0 or 10 day postop period) are subject to very different rules than major procedures (90 day postop period). Several modifiers apply: 25, 58, 59, 78, 79, XE, XS, XP, XU. Learn what’s new about billing for ophthalmic laser surgery, and who pays for it.