Hip joint and knee joint replacements are helping people of all ages live pain-free, active lives. Joints are formed by the ends of two or more bones lined by a tissue called cartilage. Healthy cartilage serves as a protective cushion, allowing smooth and low-friction movement of the joint. If the cartilage becomes damaged by disease or injury, the tissues around the joint become inflamed, causing pain. With time, the cartilage wears away, allowing the rough edges of bone to rub against each other, causing more pain.
When only some of the joint is damaged, a surgeon may be able to repair or replace just the damaged parts. When the entire joint is damaged, a total joint replacement is recommended. To replace a total hip or knee joint, a surgeon removes the diseased or damaged parts, and inserts artificial parts called prostheses or implants.