It is often not desirable to deal with the inputs until a certain number have occurred or a set time has passed. So they are stored until the system comes online to process the data in one 'batch'. Batch processing is usually fully automatic unlike 'real-time' or transaction processing which are interactive.
A stock control programme may store records of every item sold in a shop that day. Then, at the end of each day it calculates what needs to be ordered.
An online competition stores all the entries until it is time to find the winner.
Electricity, gas and telephone bills are usually calculated on a monthly basis.