Authored by several partners – including STeP, Duke University, and Biomass Controls – this research brief identifies toilet and sanitation technology preferences, amenities, and attributes influential in promoting adoption of improved sanitation technologies among potential user populations. Drawing on a 1,200 household survey and 60 focus groups conducted in low-income, urban communities of Gujarat, India, this work is focused on insights related to Reinvented Toilet (RT) systems. This work discusses potential barriers to toilet adoption and considerations for sanitation system design.