New research illustrates that the key to recognizing the influence of the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extension on the seasonal mean and longer-term climate is through a proper understanding of how the ocean influences atmospheric fronts.
California precipitation is well forecast when the Arctic Oscillation phase is correctly captured by a state-of-the-art forecast system, GloSea5.
Researchers conduct a comprehensive review of research on summer weather stalling, focusing on the influence of Arctic amplification and how it could interact with other factors influenced by climate change.
In two papers, Jin and coauthors investigated how decadal variations of subsurface ocean heat content (50–300 m) in the Indian Ocean respond to conditions in the Pacific region.
A new Arctic and mid-latitude interaction study highlights the necessity to use stratosphere-resolving models when identifying the warm Arctic–cold Siberia pattern.
Can models capture the seasonality of the recent expansion of the tropics?
Observed Southern Hemisphere summer and fall trends of tropical expansion are well captured in model simulations of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, consistent with the roles of increasing greenhouse gases and stratospheric ozone depletion in driving poleward circulation shifts during these seasons.
Researchers found that atmospheric rivers that impact the West Coast contain more tropical moisture than average, indicating that long-distance transport of tropical moisture does occur.
Regional model simulations suggest that post-1980 warming in both the ocean and atmosphere resulted in an estimated 20% increase of the accumulated precipitation for Hurricane Harvey.
Researchers conclude that changes in sensible heat transfer and evaporation fluxes — in response to strong regional trends in sea ice cover — are becoming increasingly consequential to Arctic climate variability and change.