Abstrakt: Deep sternal wound infection is a life-threatening complication of longitudinal median sternotomy with extensive loss of sternal bone tissue and adjacent ribs. Wound dehiscence cases with no loss of bone tissue can be resolved via osteosynthesis using titanium plates. Unfortunately, this cannot be used in cases of massive bone tissue loss defects due to insufficient support for fixing the plate material caused by missing bone surface which increasing the risk of osteosynthesis failure. We describe the treatment outcome of sternal dehiscence with massive bone tissue loss defects using an allogenous sternal bone graft.
Abstrakt: Periferní tepenná obliterace byla rozpoznána jako významný faktor v populaci pacientů s kritickou končetinovou ischemií. Ve skupině pacientů zařazených do evropské studie zaměřené na výzkum onemocnění diabetem a dolních končetin (Eurodiale) bylo u 49% pacientů přicházejících s nově vytvořeným diabetickým defektem dolní končetiny diagnostikováno periferní tepenné postižení.
Název: Mutation Frequency Dynamics in HPRT Locus in Culture-Adapted Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Correspond to Their Differentiated Counterparts.
Autor: Krutá M1, Seneklová M, Raška J, Salykin A, Zerzánková L, Pešl M, Bártová E, Franek M, Baumeisterová A, Košková S, Neelsen KJ, Hampl A, Dvořák P, Rotrekl V.
Abstrakt: The genomic destabilization associated with the adaptation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to culture conditions or the reprogramming of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) increases the risk of tumorigenesis upon the clinical use of these cells and decreases their value as a model for cell biology studies. Base excision repair (BER), a major genomic integrity maintenance mechanism, has been shown to fail during hESC adaptation. Here, we show that the increase in the mutation frequency (MF) caused by the inhibition of BER was similar to that caused by the hESC adaptation process. The increase in MF reflected the failure of DNA maintenance mechanisms and the subsequent increase in MF rather than being due solely to the accumulation of mutants over a prolonged period, as was previously suggested. The increase in the ionizing-radiation-induced MF in adapted hESCs exceeded the induced MF in nonadapted hESCs and differentiated cells. Unlike hESCs, the overall DNA maintenance in iPSCs, which was reflected by the MF, was similar to that in differentiated cells regardless of the time spent in culture and despite the upregulation of several genes responsible for genome maintenance during the reprogramming process. Taken together, our results suggest that the changes in BER activity during the long-term cultivation of hESCs increase the mutagenic burden, whereas neither reprogramming nor long-term propagation in culture changes the MF in iPSCs.
Zdroj: ACTA CHIRURGIAE ORTHOPAEDICAE ET TRAUMATOLOGIAE ČECHOSL.
Abstrakt: Articular cartilage defects arise due to injury or osteochondral disease such as osteonecrosis or osteochondritis dissecans. In adult patients cartilage has minimal ability to repair itself and the lesions develop into degenerative arthritis. Overcoming the low regenerative capacity of the cartilage cells and the Hayflick limit poses a challenge for the therapy of osteochondral defects. Composite scaffolds with appropriate biomechanical properties combined with a suitable blend of proliferation and differentiation factors could be a solution. The aim of this in vitro study was to develop a novel functionalised hydrogel with an integrated drug delivery system stimulating articular cartilage regeneration.
Tato práce vznikla díky finanční podpoře ze státního rozpočtu prostřednictvím Ministerstva průmyslu a obchodu České republiky, projekt Medicína v pohybu č. FR-TI03/808.
Abstrakt: Thoracic stabilization using transverse plate fixation represents a modern and safe method of sternal dehiscence treatment. However, it still remains difficult to apply in cases of massive loss of bone tissue of the chest wall. An unsatisfactory stability of thorax often results in severe respiratory insufficiency, and also affects healing of soft tissue closure while increasing the risk of development of chronic fistulas and other dehiscences. In the reported case, we opted for a unique treatment of massive post-sternotomy defect using an allogenous bone graft of calva. Transverse titanium plates were applied to achieve stabilization of bone grafts and chest wall.