# Mean State

Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 457.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 464. 464. 456. 465. 7.94 16.8 1.52 0.433 0.377 0.789 0.972 0.626 0.596
CLM5PHSON [-] 463. 463. 456. 465. 7.83 16.4 1.44 0.460 0.382 0.805 0.979 0.612 0.603
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 466.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 484. 484. 467. 458. 17.4 23.4 0.546 0.455 0.511 0.953 0.915 0.647 0.665
CLM5PHSON [-] 484. 484. 467. 458. 17.2 23.5 0.637 0.460 0.502 0.942 0.951 0.622 0.663
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 443.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 454. 454. 443. 446. 11.6 18.9 1.04 0.520 0.498 0.860 0.999 0.641 0.669
CLM5PHSON [-] 452. 452. 443. 446. 9.13 18.8 1.38 0.570 0.463 0.814 1.00 0.603 0.652
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 279.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 280. 280. 278. 296. 2.48 15.5 0.126 0.900 0.809 0.990 1.00 0.746 0.876
CLM5PHSON [-] 277. 278. 278. 296. 2.37 15.4 0.127 0.903 0.808 0.990 1.00 0.744 0.875
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 457.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 459. 459. 454. 467. 4.79 14.7 1.53 0.285 0.376 0.767 0.659 0.585 0.508
CLM5PHSON [-] 459. 459. 454. 467. 5.54 14.6 1.55 0.286 0.378 0.766 0.648 0.579 0.506
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 312.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 318. 318. 311. 334. 6.89 12.9 0.0457 0.894 0.877 0.997 1.00 0.865 0.918
CLM5PHSON [-] 317. 317. 311. 334. 5.51 11.6 0.0521 0.909 0.884 0.997 0.999 0.859 0.922
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 364.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 369. 368. 363. 399. 5.34 14.6 0.138 0.848 0.825 0.990 0.997 0.760 0.874
CLM5PHSON [-] 366. 365. 363. 399. 4.07 14.2 0.164 0.858 0.822 0.988 0.996 0.762 0.875
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 448.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 457. 458. 446. 467. 11.6 19.4 0.677 0.569 0.574 0.932 0.981 0.641 0.712
CLM5PHSON [-] 453. 454. 446. 467. 9.50 18.9 0.825 0.605 0.557 0.913 0.979 0.628 0.707
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 281.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 285. 285. 281. 288. 4.57 13.4 0.0859 0.910 0.827 0.993 0.999 0.764 0.887
CLM5PHSON [-] 284. 284. 281. 288. 4.17 13.2 0.0840 0.914 0.827 0.993 1.00 0.767 0.888
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 441.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 447. 447. 443. 426. 4.58 13.1 0.346 0.787 0.699 0.970 0.993 0.756 0.817
CLM5PHSON [-] 449. 449. 443. 426. 3.62 13.2 0.381 0.797 0.692 0.969 0.990 0.739 0.813
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 368.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 369. 369. 366. 389. 3.05 12.2 0.326 0.847 0.774 0.978 1.00 0.783 0.859
CLM5PHSON [-] 365. 365. 366. 389. 1.41 11.8 0.429 0.859 0.773 0.971 0.999 0.781 0.859
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 399.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 384. 384. 376. 409. 7.31 16.5 0.495 0.708 0.669 0.944 1.00 0.700 0.782
CLM5PHSON [-] 381. 381. 376. 409. 6.29 16.1 0.539 0.722 0.667 0.940 0.999 0.692 0.781
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 450.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 453. 453. 450. 446. 2.85 15.2 0.338 0.842 0.760 0.975 0.998 0.715 0.842
CLM5PHSON [-] 452. 452. 450. 446. 2.24 15.1 0.358 0.844 0.760 0.973 1.00 0.716 0.842
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 281.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 287. 287. 281. 293. 6.39 16.7 0.173 0.884 0.793 0.986 1.00 0.762 0.870
CLM5PHSON [-] 287. 286. 281. 293. 6.06 16.8 0.168 0.888 0.790 0.987 1.00 0.763 0.870
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 442.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 453. 452. 439. 459. 13.7 19.7 0.842 0.482 0.558 0.893 0.946 0.688 0.687
CLM5PHSON [-] 447. 447. 439. 459. 12.0 18.6 0.885 0.510 0.561 0.893 0.950 0.672 0.691
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 386.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 396. 396. 384. 429. 11.4 15.0 0.102 0.783 0.857 0.993 0.994 0.859 0.890
CLM5PHSON [-] 391. 391. 384. 429. 8.89 13.0 0.112 0.823 0.856 0.992 0.993 0.853 0.896
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 324.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 331. 331. 323. 347. 7.47 14.1 0.0627 0.861 0.832 0.995 0.984 0.787 0.882
CLM5PHSON [-] 328. 328. 323. 347. 5.87 13.2 0.104 0.881 0.831 0.993 0.972 0.781 0.882
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 377.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 383. 384. 377. 378. 7.04 14.9 0.0975 0.827 0.811 0.993 1.00 0.747 0.865
CLM5PHSON [-] 381. 382. 377. 378. 5.35 14.1 0.110 0.842 0.814 0.992 1.00 0.743 0.867
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 449.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 459. 459. 449. 463. 9.62 15.3 1.23 0.318 0.391 0.836 0.972 0.643 0.592
CLM5PHSON [-] 458. 458. 449. 463. 9.09 14.8 1.21 0.318 0.399 0.836 0.991 0.625 0.595
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 443.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 451. 451. 443. 434. 7.56 14.8 0.773 0.652 0.571 0.889 0.994 0.689 0.728
CLM5PHSON [-] 449. 449. 443. 434. 5.44 14.2 0.895 0.695 0.564 0.868 0.992 0.663 0.724
Period Mean (original grids) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [W/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [W/m2]
Bias [W/m2]
RMSE [W/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score 
RMSE Score 
Seasonal Cycle Score 
Spatial Distribution Score 
Interannual Variability Score 
Overall Score 
Benchmark [-] 383.
CLM5PHSOFF [-] 390. 389. 381. 396. 7.35 21.0 0.924 0.610 0.566 0.884 0.999 0.629 0.709
CLM5PHSON [-] 387. 386. 381. 396. 5.53 20.2 0.891 0.632 0.570 0.890 0.998 0.636 0.716

# Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN MODEL MEAN BIAS BIAS SCORE RMSE RMSE SCORE BENCHMARK INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY MODEL INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY SCORE BENCHMARK MAX MONTH MODEL MAX MONTH DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE SPATIAL TAYLOR DIAGRAM MODEL COLORS # Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS REGIONAL MEAN ANNUAL CYCLE MONTHLY ANOMALY ANNUAL CYCLE # All Models

Benchmark CLM5PHSOFF CLM5PHSON # Data Information

creation_date: Thu May 8 23:13:11 PDT 2014

Conventions: Please contact Prof. James Randerson (Email: jranders@uci.edu) or Dr. Mingquan Mu (mmu@uci.edu) for any question

source_file: This product is generated from monthly 1 degree CERES EBAF Radiation observations

title: derived CERES EBAF Radiation

Approach: I simply read this variable (sfc_lw_up_all_mon: surface all-sky upward longwave radiation) from original netcdf data file. Meanwhile, the data were also binned from original 1.0x1.0 resolution to final 0.5x0.5 resolution.

Temporal resolution: monthly

General information: This product was derived from CERES EBAF radiation dataset.

Spatial resolution: 0.5x0.5 degree
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