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SPPU Civil Engineering (Semester 8)
Dams and Hydraulic Structures
December 2016
Total marks: --
Total time: --
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Assume appropriate data and state your reasons
(2) Marks are given to the right of every question
(3) Draw neat diagrams wherever necessary

Solve any one question fromQ.1(a,b) and Q.2(a,b)
1(a) Discuss the possible social issues associated with dams.
4 M
1(b) Enlist the types of dams based of hydraulic action and briefly explain any one type with sketch / sketches.
4 M

2(a) State and explain four insturments used for various measurements needed with reference to safety of dams. Draw suitable sketches wherever possible / necessary.
4 M
2(b) Enlist the types of dams based on the purpose. Explain any one type with sketch.
4 M

Solve any one question fromQ.3 and Q.4
3 A gravity dam has base width 60m with upstream face vertical and downstream face with slope 2H:3V Knowing that total vertical force above the base is 63MN, overtuning moment and resisting moment are 2.2×106kNm; determine maximum and minimum vertical stresses induced on the foundation. Also find major principal stress at the toe of the dam. Is the dam safe against overturning?
6 M

4 State the classification of arch dams. Briefly explain the constant angle arch dam with sketch / sketches. When are the arch dams suitable?
6 M

Solve any one question fromQ.5and Q.6
5 What is meant by 'spillway'? State its purposes. Explain any one spillway with sketch.
6 M

6 Enlist various spillway gates. Give the classification of hydropower plants based on various criteria ( considerations).
6 M

Solve any one question fromQ.7(a,b,c) and Q.8(a,b,c)
7(a) Discuss various causes or modes of failure of earthen dams. Draw relevant sketches.
4 M
7(b) Compare Lane's and Bligh's theories of seepage with suitable sketches.
4 M
7(c) An earthen dam of homogeneous material has top width 5m with upstream slope 3H:1V and downstream slope 2H:1V. Knowing that coefficient of permeability of the dam material is 0.6×10-3cm/s, determine:
i) Phreatic line for the dam, and
ii) Rate of seepage per unit length of dam. Assume various R.L.s as given below:
R.L. of deepest river bed = 175m
R.L. of top of dam = 201.5m
H.F.L. for reservoir = 197 m For calculating 'y' values, assume interval for 'x' as 15 m
10 M

8(a) Discuss the 'Swedish slip circle method' for examing the stability of earth slpes.
4 M
8(b) Explain one method each for seepage control through
i) the embankments
ii) the foundations. (Relevant sketch should be drawn)
4 M
8(c) Figure shows section of a barrage. R.L.s of key points and horiziontal distance are in meters. Calculate % pressure at point D1, C1, D2 and E2 if pressures at E1 and C2 are 100% and 0% repectively. Neglect slope corrections.
!mage
10 M

Solve any one question fromQ.9(a,b,c) and Q.10(a,b,c)
9(a) Discuss basic three types of vanal alignments with relevant sketch/ sketches.
4 M
9(b) State two requirements of a good canal module (outlet). State four types of canal falls and draw neat sketch of weir type of canal escape.
4 M
9(c) Design an irrigation canal with side slopes 1H:2V to carry 40 cumes discharge. Use kennedy's theory. Assume B:D ration 2.50, critical velocity ratio (m) = 1 and Kutter's rugosity coefficient = 0.023 Assume $s = \frac{1}{4000}$ for first trial. Take two trial.
8 M

4 M
10(b) What is the necessity of canal falls? Discuss various types of canal outlets (modules) briefly.
4 M
10(c) Design a trapezoidal regime channel to carry a discharge of 50 cumes using Lacey's thoery. Assume side slopes 1H:2V and silt factor f = 1.10
8 M

Solve any one question fromQ.11(a,b,c,d) and Q.12(a,b,c,d)
11(a) State the types of cross - drainage works. Explain any one C.D. work wih suitable sketch.
4 M
11(b) On which factors the choice of C.D work depends? Briefly discuss.
4 M
11(c) Give classification of rivers based on the topography of river basin Explain the types briefly.
4 M
11(d) State four objectives of river training. With neat sketch explain briefly the levee (embankment) as a river training work.
4 M

12(a) With suitable sketches, explain various types of spurs(groynes).
4 M
12(b) Briefly explain three basic types (classes) of river training.
4 M
12(c) Explain Aqueduct and syphon Aqueduct with sketches.
4 M
12(d) What is meant by 'super - passage'? Explain it clearly with sketches.
4 M

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