# How to write upper case \varepsilon in LaTeX math environment?

I need the uppercase of this sign $\varepsilon$ how to I get that?

• The uppercase epsilon is identical to E – egreg Jul 1 '13 at 19:47
• – Count Zero Jul 1 '13 at 19:51
• to be more specific this is the letter I am looking for link @egreg – Kristof Tak Jul 1 '13 at 21:14

## 3 Answers

There is a Unicode symbol U+2107 "Euler Constant" that at least looks like an uppercase variant of \varepsilon. The following example shows the symbol for different Unicode math fonts for users of XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{unicode-math}
\setmathfont{latinmodern-math.otf}
%\setmathfont{Asana-Math.otf}
%\setmathfont{xits-math.otf}

\begin{document}

\newcommand*{\cs}{%
\texttt{\textbackslash#1}%
}
\newcommand*{\test}{%
{\setmathfont{#1}$\varepsilon$} &
{\setmathfont{#1}$\Eulerconst$}%
}
\begin{tabular}{lll}
Macro name: & \cs{varepsilon} & \cs{Eulerconst} \\
Unicode code point: & U+03F5 & U+2107 \\
\hline
Latin Modern Math: & \test{latinmodern-math.otf} \\
Asana Math: & \test{Asana-Math.otf} \\
XITS Math: & \test{xits-math.otf} \\
\end{tabular}

\end{document} • This is clearly a math symbol, but it's has a name indicating a very specific meaning. So should one use u+2107 or rather u+0190 in math cases, where the Euler constant is not meant? – Toscho Jul 1 '13 at 22:42

Found the answer here:

It turns out, it's not an epsilon, but a curved letter "E". To enter it in LaTeX, simply do \mathcal{E}.

• Thanks, this should be the accepted answer because you don't have to jump through hoops. – DerManu Jul 3 '15 at 16:54

The letter is available in the T4 encoding for African languages, which is not very widespread: in the standard TeX distributions, only the CMR family is supported.

On the other hand, several OpenType or TrueType fonts have the glyph, precisely U+0190 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER OPEN E, rendered Ɛ.

So it depends on your setting. If you use pdflatex and Computer Modern fonts, a variant of this answer allows to define a glyph that changes size in subscripts/superscripts:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T4,T1]{fontenc}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\do@openE}{%
\mbox{\fontsize{#1}\z@\usefont{T4}{cmr}{m}{n}\symbol{130}}%
}
\newcommand{\openE}{\mathord{\mathchoice
{\do@openE\tf@size}
{\do@openE\tf@size}
{\do@openE\sf@size}
{\do@openE\ssf@size}
}}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
$E\ne\openE_{E\ne\openE}$
\end{document} However the T4 encoded font is only available as bitmap and you might need to increase the default resolution (which is 600dpi) and creation mode for METAFONT.

If you're in a XeLaTeX/LuaLaTeX setting, then any font that has the glyph can be used, here CMU Serif (similar to the default Latin Modern)

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{unicode-math}
\newfontfamily{\cmuserif}{CMU Serif}

\makeatletter
\newcommand{\do@openE}{%
\mbox{\fontsize{#1}\z@\cmuserif\symbol{"0190}}%
}
\newcommand{\openE}{\mathord{\mathchoice
{\do@openE\tf@size}
{\do@openE\tf@size}
{\do@openE\sf@size}
{\do@openE\ssf@size}
}}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
$E\ne\openE_{E\ne\openE}$
\end{document}
{"ft_lang_label":"__label__en","ft_lang_prob":0.65088445,"math_prob":0.79116505,"size":3116,"snap":"2019-13-2019-22","text_gpt3_token_len":995,"char_repetition_ratio":0.10636247,"word_repetition_ratio":0.049627792,"special_character_ratio":0.28498074,"punctuation_ratio":0.0881295,"nsfw_num_words":0,"has_unicode_error":false,"math_prob_llama3":0.99346465,"pos_list":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6],"im_url_duplicate_count":[null,5,null,5,null,5,null],"WARC_HEADER":"{\"WARC-Type\":\"response\",\"WARC-Date\":\"2019-05-26T13:35:38Z\",\"WARC-Record-ID\":\"<urn:uuid:259fd36a-d400-4a97-9ed2-1ec0e3fa8177>\",\"Content-Length\":\"146312\",\"Content-Type\":\"application/http; msgtype=response\",\"WARC-Warcinfo-ID\":\"<urn:uuid:37fce6ca-0673-4b16-941a-96f193435c60>\",\"WARC-Concurrent-To\":\"<urn:uuid:43c1c849-b31a-4ccf-948a-8db1218dd1b0>\",\"WARC-IP-Address\":\"151.101.129.69\",\"WARC-Target-URI\":\"https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/121998/how-to-write-upper-case-varepsilon-in-latex-math-environment/152792\",\"WARC-Payload-Digest\":\"sha1:YVTUCQXQSKQ6HEDZITOUB4DNCS6FWSYX\",\"WARC-Block-Digest\":\"sha1:QS6P5UDDKAE2L6XOUMX3R57JUNIL2ADG\",\"WARC-Identified-Payload-Type\":\"text/html\",\"warc_filename\":\"/cc_download/warc_2019/CC-MAIN-2019-22/CC-MAIN-2019-22_segments_1558232259177.93_warc_CC-MAIN-20190526125236-20190526151236-00510.warc.gz\"}"}