١ - حَدَّثَنا تَمِيمُ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّه بْنِ تَمِيمُ القُرَشِي رَضِىَاللهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: حَدَّثَني أَبي قالَ: حَدَّثَنا أَحْمَدِ بْنِ عَلِى الأَنْصارِي عَنْ الحَسَن بْنِ الجَهْمِ قالَ: حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ يَوْماً وَعِنْدَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعَ الْفُقَهَاءُ وَأَهْلُ الْكَلامِ مِنَ الْفِرَقِ الُْمخْتَلِفَةِ فَسَأَلَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ بِأَيِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ تَصِحُّ الإِمَامَةُ لِمُدَّعِيهَا قَالَ بِالنَّصِّ وَالدَّلائِلِ قَالَ لَهُ فَدَلالَةُ الإِمَامِ فِيَما هِيَ قَالَ فِي الْعِلْمِ وَاسْتِجَابَةِ الدَّعْوَةِ قَالَ فَمَا وَجْهُ إِخْبَارِكُمْ بِمَا يَكُونُ قَالَ ذَلِكَ بِعَهْدٍ مَعْهُودٍ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ قَالَ فَمَا وَجْهُ إِخْبَارِكُمْ بِمَا فِي قُلُوبِ النَّاسِ قَالَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أَمَا بَلَغَكَ قَوْلُ الرَّسُولِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ اتَّقُوا فِرَاسَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَمَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلا وَلَهُ فِرَاسَةٌ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ عَلَى قَدْرِ إِيمَانِهِ وَمَبْلَغِ اسْتِبْصَارِهِ وَعِلْمِهِ وَقَدْ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ لِلأَئِمَّةِ مِنَّا مَا فَرَّقَهُ فِي جَمِيعِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لآَياتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ فَأَوَّلُ الْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ ثُمَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ثُمَّ الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ وَالأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ وُلْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـامَةِ. قَـالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْـهِالْمَأْمُونُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ زِدْنَا مِمَّا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ أَيَّدَنَا بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ مُقَدَّسَةٍ مُطَهَّرَةٍ لَيْسَتْ بِمَلَكٍ لَمْ تَكُنْ مَعَ أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ مَضَى إِلا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَهِيَ مَعَ الأَئِمَّةِ مِنَّا تُسَدِّدُهُمْ وَتُوَفِّقُهُمْ وَهُوَ عَمُودٌ مِنْ نُورٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ قَوْماً يَغْلُونَ فِيكُمْ وَيَتَجَاوَزُونَ فِيكُمُ الْحَدَّ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قالَ: قالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ لا تَرْفَعُونِي فَوْقَ حَقِّي فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى اتَّخَذَنِي عَبْداً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَنِي نَبِيّاً قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: (ما كانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَنْ يُؤْتِيَهُ اللَّهُ الْكِتابَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ ثُمَّ يَقُولَ لِلنَّاسِ كُونُوا عِباداً لِي مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلكِنْ كُونُوا رَبَّانِيِّينَ بِما كُنْتُمْ تُعَلِّمُونَ الْكِتابَ وَبِما كُنْتُمْ تَدْرُسُونَ. وَلا يَأْمُرَكُمْ أَنْ تَتَّخِذُوا الْمَلائِكَةَ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ أَرْباباً أَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْكُفْرِ بَعْدَ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ.)وَقَالَ عَلِيٌ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: يَهْلِكُ فِيَّ اثْنَانِ وَلا ذَنْبَ لِي مُحِبٌّ مُفْرِطٌ وَمُبْغِضٌ مُفْرِطٌ وَإِنَّا لَنَبْرَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِمَّنْ يَغْلُو فِينَا فَيَرْفَعُنَا فَوْقَ حَدِّنَا كَبَرَاءَةِ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ مِنَ النَّصَارَى. قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: (وَإِذْ قالَ اللَّهُ: يا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَأَنْتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّي إِلهَيْنِ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ؟ قالَ: سُبْحانَكَ، ما يَكُونُ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ ما لَيْسَ لِي بِحَقٍّ، إِنْ كُنْتُ قُلْتُهُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَهُ، تَعْلَمُ ما فِي نَفْسِي وَلا أَعْلَمُ ما فِي نَفْــسِكَ، إِنَّكَ أَنْتَعَلامُ الْغُيُوبِ. ما قُلْتُ لَهُمْ إِلاّ ما أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ، أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمْ، وَكُنْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً ما دُمْتُ فِيهِمْ، فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيْتَنِي كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الرَّقِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَأَنْتَ عَلى‏ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ شَهِيدٌ.) وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: (لَنْ يَسْتَنْكِفَ الْمَسِيحُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْداً لِلَّهِ وَلا الْمَلائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ.) وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: (مَا الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ إِلا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ وَأُمُّهُ صِدِّيقَةٌ كانا يَأْكُلانِ الطَّعامَ) وَمَعْنَاهُ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا يَتَغَوَّطَانِ فَمَنِ ادَّعَى لِلأَنْبِيَاءِ رُبُوبِيَّةً أَوِ ادَّعَى لِلأَئِمَّةِ رُبُوبِيَّةً أَوْ نُبُوَّةً أَوْ لِغَيْرِ الأَئِمَّةِ إِمَامَةً فَنَحْنُ مِنْهُ بِرَاءٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآْخِرَةِ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ إِنَّهَا الْحَقُّ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ فِي الأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ وَنَطَقَ بِهَا الْقُرْآنُ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ يَكُونُ فِي هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ كُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِي الأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ حَذْوَالنَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَالْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ وَقَالَ: إِذَا خَرَجَ الْمَهْدِيُّ مِنْ وُلْدِي نَزَلَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ‏فَصَلَّى خَلْفَهُ وَقَالَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ بَدَأَ الإِسْلامُ غَرِيباً وَسَيَعُودُ غَرِيباً فَطُوبَى لِلْغُرَبَاءِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَكُونُ مَا ذَا قَالَ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ الْحَقُّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي الْقَائِلِينَ بِالتَّنَاسُخِ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ مَنْ قَالَ بِالتَّنَاسُخِ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ يُكَذِّبُ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي الْمُسُوخِ قَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أُولَئِكَ قَوْمٌ غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَمَسَخَهُمْ فَعَاشُوا ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ مَاتُوا وَلَمْ يَتَنَاسَلُوا فَمَا يُوجَدُ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الْقِرَدَةِ وَالْخَنَازِيرِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا أُوْقِعَ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ الْمُسُوخِيَّةِ فَهِيَ مِثْلُهَا لا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهَا وَالانْتِفَاعُ بِهَا. قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لا أَبْقَانِيَ اللَّهُ بَعْدَكَ يَاأَبَا الْحَسَنِ وَاللَّهِ مَا يُوجَدُ الْعِلْمُ الصَّحِيحُ إِلا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ وَإِلَيْكَ انْتَهَى عُلُومُ آبَائِكَ فَجَزَاكَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الإِسْلامِ وَأَهْلِهِ خَيْراً قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ جَهْمٍ فَلَمَّا قَامَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ تَبِعْتُهُ فَانْصَرَفَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي وَهَبَ لَكَ مِنْ جَمِيلِ رَأْيِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا حَمَلَهُ عَلَى مَا أَرَى مِنْ إِكْرَامِهِ لَكَ وَقَبُولِهِ لِقَوْلِكَ فَقَالَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ يَا ابْنَ الْجَهْمِ لا يَغُرَّنَّكَ مَا أَلْفَيْتَهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ إِكْرَامِي وَالاسْتَِماعِ مِنِّي فَإِنَّهُ سَيَقْتُلُنِي بِالسَّمِّ وَهُوَ ظَالِمٌ لِي أَعْرِفُ ذَلِكَ بِعَهْدٍ مَعْهُودٍ إِلَيَّ مِنْ آبَائِي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ‏فَاكْتُمْ هَذَا عَلَيَّ مَا دُمْتُ حَيّاً قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ فَمَا حَدَّثْتُ أَحَداً بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ إِلَى أَنْ مَضَى الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ بِطُوسَ مَقْتُولاً بِالسُّمِّ وَدُفِنَ فِي دَارِ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ قَحْطَبَةَ الطَّائِيِّ فِي الْقُبَّةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا قَبْرُ هَارُونَ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ.
46-1 Tamim ibn Abdullah ibn Tamim al-Qurashi - may God be pleased with him - narrated that his father quoted on the authority of Ahmad ibn Ali Al-Ansari, on the authority of Al-Hassan ibn Al-Jahm, “One day I attended a meeting with Al-Ma’mun and Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha’  was also present there. The theologians and rhetoricians from various sects had gathered there. One of them asked the Imam , “O son of the Prophet of God! What is the proof of Divine Leadership which proves the validity of one who claims it?”The Imam  replied, “(Divine Leadership of one who claims it is proved) by what has been written and by the proofs.”The man asked, “What is the proof of a Divine Leader?” The Imam  replied, “It is knowledge and the fulfillment of our prayers.”The man asked, “How can you tell what is going to happen in the future?” The Imam  replied, “It is due to the Trusted Covenant which we have inherited from God’s Prophet (S).”The man asked, “How do you become aware of the people’s secret intentions?” The Imam  asked, “Have you not been told about the saying of the Messenger ?: ‘Fear the insight of the believer since he looks through a God-given light.’” The man replied, “Yes.” The Imam  said, “All believers have an insight with which they look through a God-given light according to the degree of their faith, insight and knowledge. God has given us - the Divine Leaders - as much insight as He has bestowed upon all the believers. And in His Mighty Book, the Honorable the Exalted God says, ‘Behold! In this are Signs for those who by tokens do understand.’ And the first of ‘those who by tokens do understand’ was God’s Prophet (S). Then the next one after him  was Ali - the Commander of the Faithful . The succeeding ones were Al-Hassan , Al-Husayn  and the rest of the Divine Leaders from the progeny of Al-Husayn  up until the Resurrection Day.”Al-Hassan ibn Al-Jahm added, “Then Al-Ma’mun looked at Ar-Ridha’  and said, ‘O Abal Hassan (Ar-Ridha’ )! Tell us more about what God has granted to you - the Members of the Holy Household.”Then Ar-Ridha’  said, “In fact, the Honorable the Exalted God has assisted us with a Sanctified and Purified Spirit from Himself which is not an angel and with whom He has assisted no one in the past. That Spirit is with the Divine Leaders assisting them and making them succeed. It is a Column of Light between us and the Honorable the Exalted God.”Al-Ma’mun told him , “O Abal Hassan (Ar-Ridha’ )! I have been told that there are some people who boast about you and transgress beyond bounds.” Ar-Ridha’  said, “My father Musa ibn Ja’far  narrated that his father  quoted on the authority of his father Muhammad ibn Ali , on the authority of his father Ali ibn Al-Husayn , on the authority of his father Al-Husayn ibn Ali , on the authority of his father Ali ibn Abi Talib  that God’s Prophet (S) said, “Do not raise me up to a position higher than I deserve. In fact, firstly the Blessed the Sublime God first made me a servant (i.e. a person) before making me a Prophet. And the Blessed the Sublime God says, “It is not (possible) that a man, to whom is given the Book, and Wisdom, and the Prophetic office, should say to people: ‘Be ye my worshippers rather than Allah’s’: on the contrary (He would say) ‘Be ye worshippers of Him Who is truly the Cherisher of all: For ye have taught the Book and ye have studied it earnestly. Nor would he instruct you to take angels and Prophets for Lords and patrons. What! would he bid you to unbelief after ye have bowed your will (to Allah in Islam)?’ Ali  said, “Two groups of people have ruined themselves because of me and I am not to blame for that: those who love me to the extreme, and those who hate me to the extreme. I take refuge in the Blessed the Sublime God from those who boast about us and raise us up too high above our own true rank, just as Jesus  - the son of (the Blessed Lady) Mary  took refuge in God from the Christians. The Sublime God says, ‘And behold! Allah will say, ‘O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of Allah?’ Jesus  will say, ‘Glory be to Thee! Never could I say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, thou wouldst indeed have known it. Thou knowest what is in my heart, though I know not what is in Thine. For Thou knowest in full allthat is hidden. Never said I to them aught except what Thou didst command me to say, ’worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord’; and I was a witness over them whilst I dwelt amongst them; when Thou didst take me up Thou wast the Watcher over them, and Thou art a witness to all things.’ The Honorable the Exalted God also says, ‘Christ disdaineth nor to serve and worship God, nor do the angels, those nearest (to God): those who disdain His worship and are arrogant, He will gather them all together unto Himself to (answer).’ And the Honorable the Exalted God says, ‘Christ the son of Mary was no more than an apostle; many were the apostles that passed away before him. His mother was a woman of truth. They both had to eat their (daily) food…’ This means that they had to defecate.Therefore, we despise whoever considers divinity for the Prophets or the Divine Leaders, or considers that Prophethood belongs to the Divine Leaders, or considers people other than the Divine Leaders to be Divine Leaders. We despise him in this world and in the Hereafter.Then Al-Ma’mun asked, “O Abal Hassan (Ar-Ridha’ )! What do you think about the return (of Jesus).”Then Ar-Ridha’  said, “Whenever Al-Mahdi  rises up from my progeny, Jesus  - the son of (the Blessed Lady) Mary  will descend and pray behind him.”The Imam  added, “Islam started out being a stranger and it will return to that state. Blessed be the strangers.”Al-Ma’mun asked, “O son of God’s Prophet (S)! What will happen next?” The Imam  said, “The right will be returned to its true possessor.” Al-Ma’mun asked, “O Abal Hassan (Ar-Ridha’ )! What is your viewpoint about those who believe in transmigration?” Ar-Ridha’  said, “Whoever believes in transmigration has indeed disbelieved in the Exalted God and denied heaven and Hell.” Al-Ma’mun questioned, “What do you say about those who were perverted?” Ar-Ridha’  said, “They were a tribe whom God became angry with and perverted. Then they lived for three more days and died. They did not have any babies during that time either. However, what you can see in the world of monkeys, pigs and similar animals are those animals who were named after the perverted ones. They are similar to those animals whom we are not allowed to eat or use otherwise.” Al-Ma’mun said, “O Abal Hassan(Ar-Ridha’ )! May God not let me outlive you! I swear by God that correct knowledge cannot be found except with you Members of the Holy Household. You have inherited all the knowledge of your forefathers. May God reward you well for Islam and its people.”Al-Hassan ibn Al-Jahm said, “When Ar-Ridha’  stood up, I followed him. He  went home and I went to see him and told him, “O son of the Prophet of God! Praise be to God who directed the positive attention of the Commander of the Faithful (al-Ma’mun) towards you to the extent that he honors you.” The Imam  said, “O Ibn Al-Jahm! Do not be deceived by seeing him honor me and listening to me. Soon he will kill me with poison. He will oppress me. I know this through the trusted covenant which has been passed down to me from God’s Prophet (S) by my forefathers . However, keep this a secret for as long as I am alive.”Al-Hassan ibn Al-Jahm said, “I did not tell this to anyone until Abal Hassan Ar-Ridha’  was murdered in Toos with poison. He  was buried in the house of Hameed ibn Qahtaba al-Ta’ee in the same shrine in which Harun Ar-Rashid was buried, and was buried next to Harun Ar-Rashid.