١ - حَدَّثَنا عَبْد الواحِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسٍالنِيْسابُوري العَطَّار رَضِىَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِنِيْسابُورَ فِي شَعْبانَ سِنَةِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَخَمْسِينَ وَثَلاثِمائَةٍ قالَ: حَدَّثَنا عَلِىِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ النِيْسابُوري، عَن الفَضْلِ بْنِ شاذان قالَ سَأَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لَهُ مَحْضَ الإِسْلامِ عَلَى الإِيجَازِ وَالاخْتِصَارِ فَكَتَبَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أَنَّ مَحْضَ الإِسْلامِ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ إِلَهاً وَاحِداً أَحَداً صَمَداً قَيُّوماً سَمِيعاً بَصِيراً قَدِيراً قَدِيماً بَاقِياً عَالِماً لا يَجْهَلُ قَادِراً لا يَعْجِزُ غَنِيّاً لا يَحْتَاجُ عَدْلاً لا يَجُورُ وَأَنَّهُ خالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَلَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ لا شِبْهَ لَهُ وَلا ضِدَّ لَهُ وَلا كُفْوَلَهُ وَأَنَّهُ الْمَقْصُودُ بِالْعِبَادَةِ وَالدُّعَاءِ وَالرَّغْبَةِ وَالرَّهْبَةِ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَأَمِينُهُ وَصَفِيُّهُ وَصَفْوَتُهُ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَسَيِّدُ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَخَاتَمُ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَفْضَلُ الْعَالَمِينَ لا نَبِيَّ بَعْدَهُ وَلا تَبْدِيلَ لِمِلَّتِهِ وَلا تَغْيِيرَ لِشَرِيعَتِهِ وَأَنَّ جَمِيعَ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ الْمُبِينُ وَالتَّصْدِيقُ بِهِ وَبِجَمِيعِ مَنْ مَضَى قَبْلَهُ مِنْ رُسُلِ اللَّهِ وَأَنْبِيَائِهِ وَحُجَجِهِ وَالتَّصْدِيقُ بِكِتَابِهِ الصَّادِقِ الْعَزِيزِ الَّذِي لا يَأْتِيهِ الْباطِلُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلا مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنْزِيلٌ مِنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ وَأَنَّهُ الْمُهَيْمِنُ عَلَى الْكُتُبِ كُلِّهَا وَأَنَّهُ حَقٌّ مِنْ فَاتِحَتِهِ إِلَى خَاتِمَتِهِ نُؤْمِنُ بِمُحْكَمِهِ وَمُتَشَابِهِهِ وَخَاصِّهِ وَعَامِّهِ وَوَعْدِهِ وَوَعِيدِهِ وَنَاسِخِهِ وَمَنْسُوخِهِ وَقِصَصِهِ وَأَخْبَارِهِ لا يَقْدِرُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الَْمخْلُوقِينَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِمِثْلِهِ.وَأَنَّ الدَّلِيلَ بَعْدَهُ وَالْحُجَّةَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْقَائِمَ بِأَمْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالنَّاطِقَ عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ وَالْعَالِمَ بِأَحْكَامِهِ أَخُوهُ وَخَلِيفَتُهُ وَوَصِيُّهُ وَوَلِيُّهُ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَقَائِدُ الْغُرِّ الُْمحَجَّلِينَ وَأَفْضَلُ الْوَصِيِّينَ وَوَارِثُ عِلْمِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالْمُرْسَلِينَ وَبَعْدَهُ الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ثُمَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ ثُمَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بَاقِرُ عِلْمِ الأَوَّلِينَ ثُمَّ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقُ وَارِثُ عِلْمِ الْوَصِيِّينَ ثُمَّ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْكَاظِمُ ثُمَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ثُمَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثُمَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثُمَّ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثُمَّ الْحُجَّةُ الْقَائِمُ الْمُنْتَظَرُ وَلَدُهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ أَشْهَدُ لَهُمْ بِالْوَصِيَّةِ وَالإِمَامَةِ وَأَنَّ الأَرْضَ لا تَخْلُو مِنْ حُجَّةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَى خَلْقِهِ كُلَّ عَصْرٍ وَأَوَانٍ وَأَنَّهُمُ الْعُرْوَةُ الْوُثْقَى وَأَئِمَّةُ الْهُدَى وَالْحُجَّةُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى أَنْ يَرِثَ اللَّهُ الأَرْضَ وَمَنْ عَلَيْهَا وَأَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ خَالَفَهُمْ ضَالٌّ مُضِلٌّ تَارِكٌ لِلْحَقِّ وَالْهُدَى وَأَنَّهُمُ الْمُعَبِّرُونَ عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ وَالنَّاطِقُونَ عَنِ الرَّسُولِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ بِالْبَيَانِ مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَعْرِفْهُمْ مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً وَأَنَّ مِنْ دِينِهِمُ الْوَرَعَ وَالْعِفَّةَ وَالصِّدْقَ وَالصَّلاحَ وَالاسْتِقَامَةَ وَالاجْتِهَادَ وَأَدَاءَ الأَمَانَةِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ وَطُولَ السُّجُودِ وَصِيَامَ النَّهَارِ وَقِيَامَ اللَّيْلِ وَاجْتِنَابَ الَْمحَارِمِ وَانْتِظَارَ الْفَرَجِ بِالصَّبْرِ وَحُسْنَ الْعَزَاءِ وَكَرَمَ الصُّحْبَةِ ثُمَّ الْوُضُوءُ كَمَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ غَسْلُ الْوَجْهِ وَالْيَدَيْنِ إِلَى الْمِرْفَقَيْنِ وَمَسْحُ الرَّأْسِ وَالرِّجْلَيْنِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَلا يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ إِلا غَائِطٌ أَوْ بَوْلٌ أَوْ رِيحٌ أَوْ نَوْمٌ أَوْ جَنَابَةٌ.وَإِنْ مَسَحَ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ فَقَدْ خَالَفَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَرَسُولَهُ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَتَرَكَ فَرِيضَتَهُ وَكِتَابَهُ وَغُسْلُ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ سُنَّةٌ وَغُسْلُ الْعِيدَيْنِ وَغُسْلُ دُخُولِ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ وَغُسْلُ الزِّيَارَةِ وَغُسْلُ الإِحْرَامِ وَأَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَلَيْلَةِ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ وَلَيْلَةِ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ وَلَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَلَيْلَةِ ثَلاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ هَذِهِ الأَغْسَالُ سُنَّةٌ وَغُسْلُ الْجَنَابَةِ فَرِيضَةٌ وَغُسْلُ الْحَيْضِ مِثْلُهُ وَالصَّلاةُ الْفَرِيضَةُ الظُّهْرُ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَالْعَصْرُ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَالْمَغْرِبُ ثَلاثُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَالْعِشَاءُ الآْخِرَةُ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَالْغَدَاةُ رَكْعَتَانِ هَذِهِ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً وَالسُّنَّةُ أَرْبَعٌ وَثَلاثُونَ رَكْعَةً ثَمَانُ رَكَعَاتٍ قَبْلَ فَرِيضَةِ الظُّهْرِ وَثَمَانُ رَكَعَاتٍ قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ وَأَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَرَكْعَتَانِ مِنْ جُلُوسٍ بَعْدَ الْعَتَمَةِ تُعَدَّانِ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَثَمَانُ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي السَّحَرِ وَالشَّفْعُ وَالْوَتْرُ ثَلاثُ رَكَعَاتٍ تُسَلِّمُ بَعْدَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ وَرَكْعَتَا الْفَجْرِ وَالصَّلاةُ فِي أَوَّلِ الْوَقْتِ وَفَضْلُ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَلَى الْفَرْدِ أَرْبَعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ وَلا صَلاةَ خَلْفَ الْفَاجِرِ وَلا يُقْتَدَى إِلا بِأَهْلِ الْوَلايَةِ وَلا تُصَلَّى فِي جُلُودِ السِّبَاعِ وَلا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَقُولَ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ الأَوَّلِ السَّلامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ لانَّ تَحْلِيلَ الصَّلاةِ التَّسْلِيمُ فَإِذَا قُلْتَ هَذَا فَقَدْ سَلَّمْتَ وَالتَّقْصِيرُ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ فَرَاسِخَ وَمَا زَادَ وَإِذَا قَصَّرْتَ أَفْطَرْتَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُفْطِرْ لَمْ يُجْزِ عَنْهُ صَوْمُهُ فِي السَّفَرِ وَعَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ لانَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْقُنُوتُ سُنَّةٌ وَاجِبَةٌ فِي الْغَدَاةِ وَالظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ الآْخِرَةِ.وَالصَّلاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَمَنْ نَقَصَ فَقَدْ خَالَفَ وَالْمَيِّتُ يُسَلُّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْه وَيُرْفَقُ بِهِ إِذَا أُدْخِلَ قَبْرَهُ وَالإِجْهَارُ بِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ فِي جَمِيعِ الصَّلَوَاتِ سُنَّةٌ وَالزَّكَاةُ الْفَرِيضَةُ فِي كُلِّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَلا يَجِبُ فِيَما دُونَ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَلا تَجِبُ الزَّكَاةُ عَلَى الْمَالِ حَتَّى يَحُولَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلُ وَلا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى الزَّكَاةُ غَيْرَ أَهْلِ الْوَلايَةِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ وَالْعُشْرُ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالَّتمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ إِذَا بَلَغَ خَمْسَةَ أَوْسَاقٍ وَالْوَسْقُ سِتُّونَ صَاعاً وَالصَّاعُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَمْدَادٍ وَزَكَاةُ الْفِطْرِ فَرِيضَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ رَأْسٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالَّتمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ صَاعٌ وَهُوَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَمْدَادٍ وَلا يَجُوزُ دَفْعُهَا إِلا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْوَلايَةِ وَأَكْثَرُ الْحَيْضِ عَشَرَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَأَقَلُّهُ ثَلاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَالْمُسْتَحَاضَةُ تَحْتَشِي وَتَغْتَسِلُ وَتُصَلِّي وَالْحَائِضُ تَتْرُكُ الصَّلاةَ وَلا تَقْضِي وَتَتْرُكُ الصَّوْمَ وَتَقْضِي وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَرِيضَةٌ يُصَامُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَيُفْطَرُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَلا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُصَلَّى تطوع [التَّطَوُّعَ‏] فِي الْجَمَاعَةِ لانَّ ذَلِكَ بِدْعَةٌ وَكُلُّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلالَةٌ وَكُلُّ ضَلالَةٍ فِي النَّارِ وَصَوْمُ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرِ سُنَّةٌ فِي كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ يَوْمُ أَرْبِعَاءَ بَيْنَ خَمِيسَيْنِ وَصَوْمُ شَعْبَانَ حَسَنٌ لِمَنْ صَامَهُ وَإِنْ قَضَيْتَ فَوَائِتَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُتَفَرِّقاً أَجْزَأَ. وَحِجُّ الْبَيْتِ فَرِيضَةٌ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً، وَالسَّبِيلُ الزَّادُ وَالرَّاحِلَةُ مَعَ الصِّحَّةِ، وَلا يَجُوزُ الْحَجُّإِلاّ تَمَتَّعاً وَلا يَجُوزُ الْقِرَانُ وَالإِفْرَادُ الَّذِي يَسْتَعْمِلُهُ الْعَامَّةُ إِلاّ لأهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَحَاضِرِيهَا وَلا يَجُوزُ الإِحْرَامُ دُونَ الْمِيقَاتِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَأَتِمُّوا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ وَلا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُضَحَّى بِالْخَصِيِّ لانَّهُ نَاقِصٌ وَيَجُوزُ الْوَجِي‏ءُ وَالْجِهَادُ وَاجِبٌ مَعَ الإِمَامِ الْعَادِلِ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَلا يَجُوزُ قَتْلُ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَالنُّصَّابِ فِي دَارِ التَّقِيَّةِ إِلا قَاتِلٍ أَوْ سَاعٍ فِي فَسَادٍ وَذَلِكَ إِذَا لَمْ تَخَفْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَعَلَى أَصْحَابِكَ وَالتَّقِيَّةُ فِي دَارِ التَّقِيَّةِ وَاجِبَةٌ وَلا حِنْثَ عَلَى مَنْ حَلَفَ تَقِيَّةً يَدْفَعُ بِهَا ظُلْماً عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَالطَّلاقُ لِلسُّنَّةِ عَلَى مَا ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَلا يَكُونُ طَلاقٌ لِغَيْرِ السُّنَّةِ وَكُلُّ طَلاقٍ يُخَالِفُ الْكِتَابَ فَلَيْسَ بِطَلاقٍ كَمَا أَنَّ كُلَّ نِكَاحٍ يُخَالِفُ الْكِتَابَ فَلَيْسَ بِنِكَاحٍ وَلا يَجُوزُ الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَرْبَعِ حَرَائِرَ وَإِذَا طُلِّقَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لِلْعِدَّةِ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لِزَوْجِهَا حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ اتَّقُوا تَزْوِيجَ الْمُطَلَّقَاتِ ثَلاثاً فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَاحِدٍ فَإِنَّهُنَّ ذَوَاتُ أَزْوَاجٍ وَالصَّلاةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَآلِهِ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَاجِبَةٌ فِي كُلِّ مَوْطِنٍ وَعِنْدَ الْعُطَاسِ وَالذَّبَائِحِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ وَحُبُّ أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاجِبٌ وَكَذَلِكَ بُغْضُ أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنْهُمْ وَمِنْ أَئِمَّتِهِمْ وَبِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَاجِبٌ وَإِنْ كَانَا مُشْرِكَيْنِ وَلا طَاعَةَ لَهُمَا فِي مَعْصِيَةِ الْخَالِقِ وَلا لِغَيْرِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ لا طَاعَةَ لَِمخْلُوقٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ الْخَالِقِ.وَذَكَاةُ الْجَنِينِ ذَكَاةُ أُمِّهِ إِذَا أَشْعَرَ وَأَوْبَرَ وَتَحْلِيلُ الْمُتْعَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ أَنْزَلَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَسَنَّهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ السَّلامُ مُتْعَةُ النِّسَاءِ وَمُتْعَةُ الْحَجِّ وَالْفَرَائِضُ عَلَى مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَلا عَوْلَ فِيهَا وَلا يَرِثُ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ وَالْوَالِدَيْنِ أَحَدٌ إِلا الزَّوْجُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ وَذُو السَّهْمِ أَحَقُّ مِمَّنْ لا سَهْمَ لَهُ وَلَيْسَتِ الْعَصَبَةُ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَالْعَقِيقَةُ عَنِ الْمَوْلُودِ الذَّكَرِ وَالأُنْثَى وَاجِبَةٌ وَكَذَلِكَ تَسْمِيَتُهُ وَحَلْقُ رَأْسِهِ يَوْمَ السَّابِعِ وَيُتَصَدَّقُ بِوَزْنِ الشَّعْرِ ذَهَباً أَوْ فِضَّةً وَالْخِتَانُ سُنَّةٌ وَاجِبَةٌ لِلرِّجَالِ وَمَكْرُمَةٌ لِلنِّسَاءِ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لا يُكَلِّفُ نَفْساً إِلا وُسْعَهَا وَإِنَّ أَفْعَالَ الْعِبَادِ مَخْلُوقَةٌ لِلَّهِ خَلْقَ تَقْدِيرٍ لا خَلْقَ تَكْوِينٍ وَاللَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَلا يَقُولُ بِالْجَبْرِ وَالتَّفْوِيضِ وَلا يَأْخُذ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْبَرِي‏ءَ بِالسَّقِيمِ وَلا يُعَذِّبُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الأَطْفَالَ بِذُنُوبِ الآْبَاءِ وَلا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى‏ وَأَنْ لَيْسَ لِلإِنْسانِ إِلا ما سَعى‏ وَلِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ يَعْفُوَوَيَتَفَضَّلَ وَلا يَجُورَ وَلا يَظْلِمَ لانَّهُ تَعَالَى مُنَزَّهٌ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَلا يَفْرِضُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى طَاعَةَ مَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يُضِلُّهُمْ وَيُغْوِيهِمْ وَلا يَخْتَارُ لِرِسَالَتِهِ وَلا يَصْطَفِي مِنْ عِبَادِهِ مَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يَكْفُرُ بِهِ وَبِعِبَادَتِهِ وَيَعْبُدُ الشَّيْطَانَ دُونَهُ وَإِنَّ الإِسْلامَ غَيْرُ الإِيمَانِ وَكُلُّ مُؤْمِنٍ مُسْلِمٌ وَلَيْسَ كُلُّ مُسْلِمٍ مُؤْمِناً وَلا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ حِينَ يَسْرِقُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَأَصْحَابُ الْحُدُودِ مُسْلِمُونَ لا مُؤْمِنُونَ وَلا كَافِرُونَ وَاللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لا يُدْخِلُ النَّارَ مُؤْمِناً وَقَدْ وَعَدَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَلا يُخْرِجُ مِنَ النَّارِ كَافِــراًوَقَدْ أَوْعَدَهُ النَّارَ وَالْخُلُودَ فِيهَا وَلا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَمُذْنِبُو أَهْلِ التَّوْحِيدِ يُدْخَلُونَ فِي النَّارِ وَيُخْرَجُونَ مِنْهَا وَالشَّفَاعَةُ جَائِزَةٌ لَهُمْ وَإِنَّ الدَّارَ الْيَوْمَ دَارُ تَقِيَّةٍ وَهِيَ دَارُ الإِسْلامِ لا دَارُ كُفْرٍ وَلا دَارُ إِيمَانٍ وَالأَمْرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيُ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَاجِبَانِ إِذَا أَمْكَنَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ خِيفَةٌ عَلَى النَّفْسِ وَالإِيمَانُ هُوَ أَدَاءُ الأَمَانَةِ وَاجْتِنَابُ جَمِيعِ الْكَبَائِرِ وَهُوَ مَعْرِفَةٌ بِالْقَلْبِ وَإِقْرَارٌ بِاللِّسَانِ وَعَمَلٌ بِالأَرْكَانِ وَالتَّكْبِيرُ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ وَاجِبٌ فِي الْفِطْرِ فِي دُبُرِ خَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ وَيُبْدَأُ بِهِ فِي دُبُرِ صَلاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ لَيْلَةَ الْفِطْرِ وَفِي الأَضْحَى فِي دُبُرِ عَشْرِ صَلَوَاتٍ يُبْدَأُ بِهِ مِنْ صَلاةِ الظُّهْرِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ وَبِمِنًى فِي دُبُرِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ صَلاةً وَالنُّفَسَاءُ لا تَقْعُدُ عَنِ الصَّلاةِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً فَإِنْ طَهُرَتْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ صَلَّتْ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَطْهُرْ حَتَّى تَجَاوَزَتْ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً اغْتَسَلَتْ وَصَلَّتْ وَعَمِلَتْ مَا تَعْمَلُ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةُ وَتُؤْمِنُ بِعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَمُنْكَرٍ وَنَكِيرٍ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَالصِّرَاطِ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَهَمُّوا بِإِخْرَاجِهِمْ وَسَنُّوا ظُلْمَهُمْ وَغَيَّرُوا سُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِمْ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنَ النَّاكِثِينَ وَالْقَاسِطِينَ وَالْمَارِقِينَ الَّذِينَ هَتَكُوا حِجَـابَ رَسُـولِ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِـهِ وَنَكَثُوا بَيْعَةَ إِمَـامِهِمْ وَأَخْرَجُوا الْمَرْأَةَ وَحَارَبُواأَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَقَتَلُوا الشِّيعَةَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَاجِبَةٌ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِمَّنْ نَفَى الأَخْيَارَ وَشَرَّدَهُمْ وَآوَى الطُّرَدَاءَ اللُّعَنَاءَ وَجَعَلَ الأَمْوَالَ دُولَةً بَيْنَ الأَغْنِيَاءِ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ السُّفَهَاءَ مِثْلَ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ لَعِينَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنْ أَشْيَاعِهِمُ الَّذِينَ حَارَبُوا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَقَتَلُوا الأَنْصَارَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَهْلَ الْفَضْلِ وَالصَّلاحِ مِنَ السَّابِقِينَ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الاسْتِئْثَارِ وَمِنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِيِّ وَأَهْلِ وَلايَتِهِ الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعاً أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِ‏آياتِ رَبِّهِمْ بِوَلايَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِقائِهِ‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ كَفَرُوا بِأَنْ لَقُوا اللَّهَ بِغَيْرِ إِمَامَتِهِ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ فَلا نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَزْناً فَهُمْ كِلابُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنَ الأَنْصَابِ وَالأَزْلامِ أَئِمَّةِ الضَّلالِ وَقَادَةِ الْجَوْرِ كُلِّهِمْ أَوَّلِهِمْ وَآخِرِهِمْ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنْ أَشْبَاهِ عَاقِرِي النَّاقَةِ أَشْقِيَاءِ الأَوَّلِينَ وَالآْخِرِينَ وَمِمَّنْ يَتَوَلاهُمْ وَالْوَلايَةُ لامِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالَّذِينَ مَضَوْا عَلَى مِنْهَاجِ نَبِيِّهِمْ‏ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَلَمْ يُغَيِّرُوا وَلَمْ يُبَدِّلُوا مِثْلِ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيِّ وَأَبِي ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيِّ وَالْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ وَعَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ وَحُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الَْيمَانِ وَأَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ التَّيِّهَانِ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ وَعِبَادَةِ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ وَأَبِي أَيُّوبَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ وَخُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ذِي الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَأَبِي سَعِيد الْخُدْرِيِّ وَأَمْثَالِهِمْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَالْوَلايَةُ لاتْبَاعِهِمْ وَأَشْيَاعِهِمْ وَالْمُهْتَدِينَ بِهُدَاهُمْ السَّالِكِينَ مِنْهَاجَهُمْ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ وَتَحْرِيمُ الْخَمْرِ قَلِيلِهَا وَكَثِيرِهَا وَتَحْرِيمُ كُلِّ شَرَابٍ مُسْكِرٍ قَلِيلِهِ وَكَثِيرِهِ وَمَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ وَالْمُضْطَرُّ لا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ لانَّهَا تَقْتُلُهُ وَتَحْرِيمُ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَكُلِّ ذِي مِخْلَبٍ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ وَتَحْرِيمُ الطِّحَالِ فَإِنَّهُ دَمٌ وَتَحْرِيمُ الْجِرِّيِّ وَالسَّمَكِ الطَّافِي وَالْمَارْمَاهِي وَالزِّمِّيرِ وَكُلِّ سَمَكٍ لا يَكُونُ لَهُ فَلْسٌ وَاجْتِنَابُ الْكَبَائِرِ وَهِيَ قَتْــلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُعَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَالزِّنَا وَالسَّرِقَةُ وَشُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَأَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَأَكْلُ الْمَيْتَةِ وَالدَّمِ وَلَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَمَا أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَرُورَةٍ وَأَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَالسُّحْتُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَهُوَ الْقِمَارُ وَالْبَخْسُ فِي الْمِكْيَالِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَقَذْفُ الُْمحْصَنَاتِ وَاللِّوَاطُ وَشَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ وَالْيَأْسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ وَالأَمْنُ مِنْ مَكْرِ اللَّهِ وَالْقُنُوطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَمَعُونَةُ الظَّالِمِينَ وَالرُّكُونُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَالَْيمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ وَحَبْسُ الْحُقُوقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُسْرٍ وَالْكَذِبُ وَالْكِبْرُ وَالإِسْرَافُ وَالتَّبْذِيرُ وَالْخِيَانَةُ وَالاسْتِخْفَافُ بِالْحَجِّ وَالُْمحَارَبَةُ لاوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَالاشْتِغَالُ بِالْمَلاهِي وَالإِصْرَارُ عَلَى الذُّنُوبِ.وَحَدَّثَنِي بِذَلِكَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ‏قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو نَصْرٍ قَنْبَرُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَن الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ إِلا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِ الْفِطْرَةَ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَصاع [صَاعاً] مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ وَالَّتمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِ أَنَّ الْوُضُوءَ مَرَّةً مَرَّةً فَرِيضَةٌ وَاثْنَتَانِ إِسْبَاغٌ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِ أَنَّ ذُنُوبَ الأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ صِغَارُهُمْ مَوْهُوبَةٌ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِ أَنَّ الزَّكَاةَ عَلَى تِسْعَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالَّتمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ وَالإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ.وَحَدِيث عَبْد الواحِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسٍ رَضِىَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عِنْدِي أصح.وحَدَّثَنا الْحاكِم أَبُو مُحَمَّد جَعْفَرِ بْنِ نُعَيْم بْنِ شاذان رَضِىَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَن عَمِّهِ أَبي عَبْدِ اللَّه مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شاذان، عَن الفَضْلِ بْنِ شاذان، عَن الرِّضا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ مثل حَدِيث عَبْد الواحِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسٍ.ومن اخباره‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ‏
35-1 Abdul Wahid Muhammad ibn Ubdoos al-Neishaboori al-Attar - may God be pleased with him - narrated in the (Arabic) month of Sha’ban of the year 352 A.H. (962 A.D.) in Neishaboor that Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Qutayba al-Neishaboori quoted on the authority of Al-Fadhl ibn Shathan that Al-Ma’mun asked Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha’  to write a brief account of the pure Islam for him. Then he  wrote, “In pure Islam it suffices to confess that there is no god but God the One for Whom there exists no partner; the Only God; the One and Only; the Eternal; the Self-Existent; the All-Hearing; the All-Seeing; the All-Powerful; the Ever-Existing; the Ever-Lasting; the All-Knowing for Whom there is no ignorance; the All-Powerful for Whom there is no incapability; the All-Sufficient for Whom there is no need; the All-Just for Whom there is no wrong. He is the One who created everything. There is nothing like Him. There is no one similar to Him. There is no one opposed to Him. There is no one equal to Him. He is the subject of all worshipping, supplications, desires and fears.And that Muhammad is His Servant, Messenger, Trustee, and Appointee among His creatures. He is the Master of the Messengers, the Seal of the Prophets, and the Noblest of the people of the Two Worlds. There are no Prophets after him and there will be no changes in his Islamic Laws.And that everything with which Muhammad ibn Abdullah (the Prophet)  came is the evident Right. We believe in him as well as all the Messengers, Prophets, and Proofs of God that preceded him. We believe in his Truthful Book in which it is stated, ‘No falsehood can approach it from before or behind it: It is sent down by One Full of Wisdom, Worthy of all Praise.’And that his Book supercedes all of the other Divine Books. It is correct from the beginning up to the end. We believe in all its verses whether they are decisive, allegorical, particular, general, promising, threatening, repealing, repealed, or express news. No creature can ever create its equivalent.Moreover, the evidence for the believers after the Prophet (S), the manager of the affairs of the Muslims, the spokesman of the Qur’an, the knower of its decrees is his brother, successor, and Trustee - Ali bin Abi Talib . His position relative to Muhammad  is the same as that of Aaron’s position relative to Moses . He is the Commander of the Faithful Believers, the Leader of the God-Fearing ones, the Leader of the lustrous ones, the best of the Trustees of the Prophet (S) and the inheritor of the Knowledge of the Prophets  and the Messengers .After him comes Al-Hassan  and Al-Husayn  - the Masters of the Youth in Heaven. Then there is Ali ibn Al-Husayn - the adornment of the worshippers. Then there is Muhammad ibn Ali  - the analyser of the Knowledge of the Prophets. Then there is Ja’far ibn Muhammad As-Sadiq  - the inheritor of the Knowledge of the Trustees. Then there is Musa ibn Ja’far Al-Kadhim . Then there is Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha’ . Then there is Muhammad ibn Ali . Then there is Ali ibn Muhammad . Then there is Al-Hassan ibn Ali . Then there is His Proof - the Riser; the Awaited One. May God’s Blessings be upon them all. I bear witness to their Trusteeship and Divine Leadership. And the Earth will never be left without the Sublime God’s Proof for His creatures present. They are the Reliable Grip, the Leaders towards guidance, and proofs for the people of the world for as long as the Earth and whatever is on it lasts.Anyone who opposes them (the imams) is deviant, misleading, and the deserter of the Truth and Guidance. The Imams  are the interpreters of the Qur’an and the spokespersons of the Prophet (S) with explanations. Whoever dies without acknowledging them has died as one who died during the Age of Ignorance.Piety, chastity, honesty, goodness, perseverance, diligence, returning what we are entrusted with to either the pious or wicked persons, extended prostration (to God), fasting in daytime, worshipping at nighttime, avoiding forbidden acts, patiently expecting the Relief, patience at times of calamities, and good companionship are all among the features of their religion.The ritual ablution - as the Sublime God decreed in His Book - is washing the face and the hands from the elbows, and pouring water over the head and the feet once. What invalidates the ablution is defecating, urination, farting, sleeping or going into a state of major ritual impurity.Whoever wipes water over his slippers or shoes (in the ritual ablution) is opposing the Sublime God and His Messenger , and abandons what is obligatory and His Book.The ritual bathing (ghusl) on Fridays is based on tradition. So is the ritual bathing on the two ‘Eids (al-adha and al-Fitr); upon entering Mecca or Medina; going on pilgrimage, entering the state of ritual consecration for the Hajj (or ‘Ihram), on the first night of the (Arabic) month of Ramadhan, the 17th night, the 19th night, the 21st night, the 23rd night of Ramadhan. All these are based on traditions. However, the ritual bathing for major ritual impurity is obligatory. So is the ritual bathing for menstruation.The obligatory prayers include the noon prayer that is four units, the afternoon prayer that is four units, the evening prayer that is three units, the night prayer that is four units, and the morning prayer that is two units. These are seventeen units of prayers. The recommendable prayers consist of thirty-four units. Eight units are for before the noon prayer, eight units are for before the afternoon prayer, four units are for after the evening prayer, two units that are to be said while sitting after the night prayer, eight units for dawn, even and odd - three units (odd) for which the ending ‘Salam is said after the second unit (making it even), and two units for the morning.Prayers said at the onset of their established times are nobler. The reward for congregational prayers is twenty-four times that of individual prayers. Do not pray behind a sinful congregational prayer leader. Pray only behind congregational prayer leaders who believe in Divine Leadership. Do not pray while you are wearing skins of dead animals or beasts.It is not permitted to say ‘As-salamu alaina wa ala ibadillah as-saleheen’ in the first ‘tashahud of the prayer since saying so implies termination of the prayer and once you say that your prayer ends.Shortening the prayers is valid after you travel four ‘farsakhs away from your home. When prayers are shortened while on a journey, fasting should be broken. If not, the fasting is void and should be made up later when you are no longer on a journey. ‘Qunut is obligatory in the following prayers - the morning prayer, the noon prayer, the afternoon prayer, the evening prayer and the night prayer.There are five times of saying God is the Greatest (takbir) required in funeral prayers. Whoever says it fewer times has opposed the tradition. When the corpse is being put into the grave, they should deliver it slowly with its feet going in first.It is a tradition to say ‘Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim’ in a loud voice in all prayers. The obligatory alms-tax on each two-hundred Dirhams is five Dirhams. There is no alms-tax on less money. No alms-tax is required on property unless one years passes. It is not proper to pay the alms-tax to non-Shiites. The one-tenth levy on wheat, barley, dates and raisins is obligatory when they amount to as much as five wasqs. Each wasq equals sixty ‘saa’s each of which equals four mudds (3 kilograms)The alms-tax for fasting (zakat al-Fitr) is obligatory on everybody, whether they are young or old; free or a slave; male or female. It is prescribed on wheat, barley, dates, and raisins. It is four times half a bushel. It is not permitted to be given to anyone who is not from among our followers. The maximum period of menstruation is ten days, and the minimum period is three days. A semi-menstruant person should use cotton pads and perform the ritual bathing before she performs any prayers. The menstruant quits saying her prayers, and does not have to make up the prayers that she misses during her period of menstruation. She quits fasting, however, she should make up for the days of fasting that she misses.Fasting should be observed during the (Arabic) month of Ramadhan only when the new moon is seen, and should be stopped when the new moon (of the next month) is seen. It is invalid to offer the recommendable prayers in congregations as this would be an innovation (in religion). All innovations in religion result in our loss and we end up in the Fire. It is recommendable to fast during three days of every month - one day for each 10 days of the month: a Thursday from the first ten days, a Wednesday from the middle ten days, and a Thursday from the last ten days of the month. It is recommendable for one to fast during the (Arabic) month of Sha’ban. It is acceptable to make up the missed days of fasting of Ramadhan in different days.The Hajj pilgrimage to the Holy House of God is obligatory upon one who finds a way to do it. ‘Way’ in this regard stands for the needed funds and a way to go there - i.e. a means of transportation, and goodhealth. Any forms of Hajj pilgrimage except for that of ‘Tamattu (major) Hajj pilgrimage are not allowed except for the people of Mecca and those present there. It is also not allowed to opt for Hajj Ifraad or Hajj Al-Kiraan except for the people who live there. Entering the state of ritual consecration (or wearing ‘Ihram) is not allowed before reaching the ‘miqat. The Sublime God says, ‘And complete the Hajj or ’umra in the service of God…’ It is not allowed to offer for sacrifice a castrate sheep because it is imperfect. It is also not acceptable to offer for sacrifice a sheep whose testicles have been pressed between two rocks such that it has lost its libido.Jihad (the Holy War) is obligatory only under the leadership of a just leader. Whoever gets killed for defending his wealth is considered to be a martyr. It is not allowed to kill any atheists or imposters during their concealment of faith, except for murderers or aggressors who cause corruption; and only when you have no fear for the safety of yourself and your companions guaranteed from the aftermath. The concealment of faith is obligatory when needed. There is no expiation for telling lies in order to fend off oppression from oneself as a part of concealment of faith.Divorce is valid only when it is implemented according to Islamic laws that the Sublime God mentioned in His Book or according to the tradition of the Prophet (S). Any other form of divorce is invalid, including the forms that oppose the Book. Similarly, any form of marriage that opposes the Book is invalid. It is not allowed for a man to marry more than four free women at the same time. It is not allowed for a husband who divorces his wife three times to marry her again, until after she marries someone else. The Commander of the Faithful  said, ‘Stay away from women (i.e. do not try to marry them) who were divorced three times at once, for they are still married women.’It is obligatory to send blessings upon the Prophet (S) in every situation, including when sneezing, slaughtering animals, and so on.It is obligatory to cherish the friends of the Sublime God and to hate and disavow the enemies of God, avoid them and their leaders.It is obligatory to treat one’s parents with kindness. In case the parents are polytheists, you may not obey them regarding disobedience to the Exalted the Honorable God. Neither should you do so by following others, as it is not allowed to obey any creatures by disobeying the Creator!The legality of a fetus (of an eatable animal) is proven when the legality of (a.s.laughtering of) its mother is proven.And the two allowed things for which the Sublime God has sent down decrees to you in His Book, and which God’s Prophet (S) has established as his traditions are temporary marriage and Hajj.The laws of the obligatory acts are exactly as they have been descended by the Sublime God in His Book. There should be no reduction in inheritance. No one inherits from one except for one’s parents and children. The only exception to this rule is for one’s husband or wife. The possessor of the share is more entitled (to inheritance) than him who has no share; and there exists no ‘asabah in God’s religion.An offering should be slaughtered for a newborn baby, whether male or female, on the seventh day after birth. On the same day, the baby’s hair should be cut, his name should be chosen, and charity equal in weight to his cut hair should be given in either gold or silver. Circumcision is a commendable and obligatory act for boys and is an honorable deed for girls.God the Blessed the Sublime said, ‘On no soul doth God Place a burden greater than it can bear…’ The people’s deeds are created (by the Sublime God) as optional deeds, not compulsory ones. The Sublime God created destiny, not indeterminism. God is the Creator of all things. Do not believe in fatalism or indeterminism. God the Majestic does not punish an innocent person instead of a sinful one. Likewise, He does not torment the children for the sins that their fathers have committed. God the Exalted says, ‘…No bearer of burdens can bear the burden of another…’ He also says, ‘That man can have nothing but what he strives for...’ God forgives, never treats (anyone) unjustly, never orders His servants to obey somebody that He knows would oppress them and lead them to deviation. He never chooses anyone to convey His Message whom He knows would disbelieve in Him and follow Satan.Islam is something different from faith. Every faithful believer is a Muslim. However, every Muslim is not a faithful believer. A thief is faithless the moment he commits robbery and an adulterer is faithless the moment he is committing adultery. The individuals who are subject to religious punishments are neither believers nor atheists - they are Muslims. The Sublime God will not submit the faithful believers to Hellafter He has promised them Paradise. Any atheist who is submitted to Hell will not depart from the Fire, since he has been promised the Fire and an eternal stay in it. He will not forgive anyone who associates partners with Him. However, He will forgive anyone else He wills for any other sins. Those who commit sins but believe in the Unity of God will not remain in the Fire. They will be taken out of it. Intercession is permissible for them. Nowadays is the time of concealment of faith since this land is only the land of Islam (and not the land of faith). It is neither the land of atheism nor is it the land of faith. It is obligatory to enjoin good and forbid evil when possible - that is when it would not threaten one’s own life. Faith includes returning what we are entrusted with, and abstaining from all major forbidden acts. It includes acknowledgement by the heart, verbal declaration, and acting according to the major principles (of the religion).Declaring that God is the Greatest is obligatory on the two ‘Eids. It is obligatory to say God is the Greatest after all the five prayers on ‘Eid ul-Fitr starting from the evening prayer on the day before the Eid. It is obligatory to say God is the Greatest after ten prayers on ‘Eid ul-Azha starting from the noon prayer on the day of the Eid. If one is at Mina, it is obligatory to say it after fifteen prayers.A woman during the puerperal state should not abandon saying her prayers for more than eighteen days. She should offer prayers if she becomes clean before the end of this period. However, if these eighteen days pass and she does not get clean, she should perform the ritual bath (ghusl), pray and act as the semi-menstruant does.And the belief in the agony of the grave, the angels Munkar and Nakeer, resurrection after death, the Scale, and the Bridge.All of the following are obligatory: The belief in the disavowal of those who oppressed (and still oppress) the Members of the Holy Household of Muhammad  - especially those who tried to force them out (of their homes), began oppressing them; and changed the traditions established by their Prophet (S). It is obligatory to disavow those who breach their covenants (nakitheen), the hypocrites, and the Kharijites who dishonoured the veil of the Household of God’s Prophet (S) by breaking their covenants with their Leader, having that lady (Aa’isha) ride a camel, (and taking her to Basra); started to fight with the Commander ofthe Faithful ; killed the pious Shiites whom God may forgive. It is also obligatory to disavow those who denounced the good companions and deported them, honored those who had abandoned God’s Prophet (S), distributed government funds among the rich and put the fools in charge of the Muslims’ affairs such as Mo’awiya and Amr ibn al-‘Aass - who were both damned by God’s Prophet (S). It is also obligatory to disavow those of their friends who fought with the Commander of the Faithful , killed the Helpers (Ansar), the Immigrants (Muhajireen), the noble ones and the good doers from the past. It is also obligatory to disavow those who believe in the setting up of the council, and disavow Abu Musa al-Ash’ari, and those of his friends - ‘those whose efforts have been wasted in this life, while they thought that they were acquiring good by their works. They are those who deny the Signs of their Lord…’ They disbelieved in the authority of the Commander of the Faithful  and in this state they will meet their Lord! They disbelieved and they will meet God while not believing in his Divine Leadership. Thus they have ruined their deeds. Then we will not set up any Scale of Deeds for them on the Resurrection Day for their deeds to be weighed! They will be the dogs which reside in the Fire. It is also obligatory to disavow the first and the last one of those built-up idols who were the leaders into corruption and loss, the forerunners of oppression. It is also obligatory to disavow those who ham-strung the she-camel of Salih - they were the oppressors of the first and the last, and of anyone who is friends with them.And the friendship with the Commander of the Faithful  and with those who followed the way of their Prophet (S), and who did not change their way such as Salman al-Farsi, Abu Tharr al-Ghifari, al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad, Ammar bin Yasir, Hothayfa al-Yamani, Abil Haytham ibn al-Tayyihan, Sahl ibn Honayf, Ubada ibn As-Samit, Abi Ayyoub Al-Ansari, Khozayma ibn Thabit Thull-Shahadatayn, Abi Sa’eed al-Khodri and the like - may God be pleased with and have Mercy upon them - is obligatory. And the friendship with their followers who have been guided along their path - may God be pleased with them - is obligatory.And the forbiddance of alcohol - whether a little or a lot, the forbiddance of all intoxicating drinks - whether a little or a lot, the forbiddance of any small amount of whatever a lot of is intoxicating. Even if one is compelled to drink, he should not since it will kill him. Canine beasts and all birds with claws are forbidden to eat. Eating spleens is forbidden, since it is like eating blood. The eating of all floating (dead) fish, eels, sheatfish, and scaleless fish is forbidden.It is also obligatory to believe in (the necessity of) the abstinence from the forbidden deeds - which include killing that the Sublime God has forbidden; fornication; stealing; drinking alcohol; ingratitude to parents; fleeing from the battle-field; wrongful use of orphans’ property; eating dead animal’s meat; drinking blood; eating pork; or eating the meat of any animal that is slaughtered and consecrated in the name of someone (or something) other than God - except in states of utmost necessity. Furthermore, it is furthermore obligatory to believe in the forbiddance of usury after getting to know about it, unlawful trade; gambling; cheating in weighing and measuring; false accusation of married women; sodomy; perjury; being despaired of receiving God’s Comfort; feeling of security from God’s unexpected plans; losing hope in God’s Mercy; supporting oppressors and relying upon them; false swearing; not paying back other people’s rights even though one is able to do so; deceit and arrogance; being wasteful or miserly; treachery; belittling the pilgrimage to the Kaaba; fighting with the Sublime God’s friends; engaging in licentious acts; and finally (but not last) insistence on committing sins.Moreover, Hamza ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ja’far ibn Muhammad ibn Zayd ibn Ali ibn Al-Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib  narrated that Abu Nasr Qanbar ibn Ali ibn Shathan quoted on the authority of his father Al-Fadhl ibn Shathan, narrated a similar account on the authority of Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha’  - with the exception that he did not mention that the Imam  wrote (a letter) to Al-Ma’mun. In addition, in his tradition the letter also states that “The alms-tax for fasting is one bushel of wheat or two bushels of barley, dates or raisins.” In addition it mentions that, “When making ablutions, washing once is obligatory, but washing twice is recommendable.” It also states that, “The sins of the Prophets  are minor ones and are forgiven.” It was also written that the alms-tax is due on nine things being wheat, barley, dates, raisins, camels, cows, sheep, gold and silver.” However, the tradition narrated by Abdul Wahid ibn Muhammad ibn Abdoos - may God be pleased with him - is more reliable in my opinion.And al-Hakim Abu Muhammad Ja’far ibn Nu’aym ibn Shathan - may God be pleased with him - narrated the same on the authority of his uncle Abi Abdullah Muhammad ibn Shathan, on the authority of Ar-Ridha’  just as Abdul Wahid ibn Muhammad ibn Abdoos had narrated.And al-Hakim Abu Muhammad Ja’far ibn Nu’aym ibn Shathan - may God be pleased with him - narrated that his uncle Abi Abdullah Muhammad ibn Shathan quoted on the authority of Fadhl ibn Shathan, a tradition similar to that narrated by Abdul Wahid Muhammad ibn Ubdoos on the authority of Ar-Ridha’ .And among the other traditions from Ar-Ridha’ , we can cite the following ones: