عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولُ إِنَّ فُلَاناً زَوْجِي قَدْ نَثَرْتُ لَهُ بَطْنِي وَ أَعَنْتُهُ عَلَى دُنْيَاهُ وَ آخِرَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَرَ مِنِّي مَكْرُوهاً وَ أَنَا أَشْكُوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ مِمَّا تَشْتَكِينَهُ قَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّهُ قَالَ لِيَ الْيَوْمَ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي وَ قَدْ أَخْرَجَنِي مِنْ مَنْزِلِي فَانْظُرْ فِي أَمْرِيفَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ كِتَاباً أَقْضِي بِهِ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ زَوْجِكِ وَ أَنَا أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ فَجَعَلَتْ تَبْكِي وَ تَشْتَكِي مَا بِهَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ إِلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ انْصَرَفَتْفَسَمِعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُحَاوَرَتَهَا لِرَسُولِهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فِي زَوْجِهَا وَ مَا شَكَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِذَلِكَ قُرْآناً بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِها وَ تَشْتَكِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحاوُرَكُما يَعْنِي مُحَاوَرَتَهَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فِي زَوْجِهَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌ. الَّذِينَ يُظاهِرُونَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ نِسائِهِمْ ما هُنَّ أُمَّهاتِهِمْ إِنْ أُمَّهاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ مُنْكَراً مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَ زُوراً وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌفَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إِلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَأَتَتْهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا جِيئِينِي بِزَوْجِكِ فَأَتَتْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ قُلْتَ لِامْرَأَتِكَ هَذِهِ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي قَالَ قَدْ قُلْتُ لَهَا ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيكَ وَ فِي امْرَأَتِكَ قُرْآناً فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِها إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ فَضُمَّ امْرَأَتَكَ إِلَيْكَ فَإِنَّكَ قَدْ قُلْتَ مُنْكَراً مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَ زُوراً قَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْكَ وَ غَفَرَ لَكَ فَلَا تَعُدْفَانْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ نَادِمٌ عَلَى مَا قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ وَ كَرِهَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْدُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الَّذِينَ يُظاهِرُونَ مِنْ نِسائِهِمْ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِما قالُوا يَعْنِي لِمَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ الْأَوَّلُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي قَالَ فَمَنْ قَالَهَا بَعْدَ مَا عَفَا اللَّهُ وَ غَفَرَ لِلرَّجُلِ الْأَوَّلِ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَتَمَاسَّا يَعْنِي مُجَامَعَتَهَا ذلِكُمْ تُوعَظُونَ بِهِ وَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ.فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتابِعَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَتَمَاسَّا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَإِطْعامُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ عُقُوبَةَ مَنْ ظَاهَرَ بَعْدَ النَّهْيِ هَذَا وَ قَالَ ذلِكَ لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هَذَا حَدَّ الظِّهَارِقَالَ حُمْرَانُ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) وَ لَا يَكُونُ ظِهَارٌ فِي يَمِينٍ وَ لَا فِي إِضْرَارٍ وَ لَا فِي غَضَبٍ وَ لَا يَكُونُ ظِهَارٌ إِلَّا عَلَى طُهْرٍ بِغَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ بِشَهَادَةِ شَاهِدَيْنِ مُسْلِمَيْنِ .
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from abu Waffad af-Hannat from Humran who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has stated this Hadith. ‘Once a Muslim woman came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, “O Messenger (of Allah) so and so married me. I gave birth to many children for him. I helped him in his world and religion and he has not seen any dislikeable things from me. I complain against him before Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and before you.” He (the Messenger of Allah) asked, “What is your complaint against him?” She replied, “Today he said to me, ‘You are unlawful for me like the back of my mother is.’ He expelled me from my house, please look into my affairs.” The Messenger of Allah said, “Allah has not sent down any book by which I can decide between you and your husband and I do not like to take the trouble on myself.” She began to weep and complain before Allah and His Messenger and returned. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, heard her conversations with His Messenger, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, about her husband and what she complained about. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent a reading about it: “In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Allah has certainly heard the words of the woman who argued with you about her husband and who (after not having received a favorable response from you) complained to Allah. Allah was listening to your argument [meaning the statements of the Messenger of Allah about her husband]. Allah is All hearing and All aware. (58:1) “Those who renounce their wives by calling them to be as their mothers should know that their wives could never become their mothers. Their mothers are those who have given birth to them. The words that they speak are certainly detestable and sinful. However, Allah is Pardoning and All forgiving.” (58:2)’ “The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, sent for her and she came. He (the Messenger of Allah) said to bring her husband before him. She brought her husband. He (the Messenger of Allah) asked, ‘Have you said this to your wife, ‘you are unlawful to me like the back of my mother is?’ He replied, ‘I have said so to her.’ The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has sent verses of al-Quran about you and your wife.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) read for him what Allah had revealed, ‘Allah has heard the words of the woman . . . Allah is Pardoning and All-forgiving.’ (58:2) Hold your wife to yourself because you have said evil and sinful words. Allah has forgiven you and has pardoned you. You must not do such thing again.’ The man returned and he was regretful because of what he had said to his wife. Allah disliked it for the believers thereafter and then He revealed, ‘Those who involve themselves in Zihar against their women then return from what they have said. . .’ meaning when the first man said to his wife, ‘You are unlawful to me like the back of my mother.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Whoever says it after Allah pardoned and forgave the first man, “must set free a slave before touching (going to bed with) his wife. This is how Allah gives advice and Allah is well aware of what you do. If one cannot set free a slave he must fast for two consecutive months before touching each other. If one cannot do this also then he must feed sixty destitute people.” Allah has sanctioned this penalty after He prohibited Zihar and said, “This is done so that you believe in Allah and His Messenger and such are the laws of Allah.” Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has sanctioned this penalty because of Zihar.’” Humran has said that abu Ja‘far , has said, ‘Zihar does not take place by swearing, harming and in anger. Zihar can only take place during a Hayd (menses)-free period and without sexual intercourse and in the presence of two Muslim witnesses.’” 