١ - حدثنا الشيخ الجليل أبو جعفر محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن موسى ابن بابويه القمي (رضي الله عنه)، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن القطان وعلي بن أحمد بن موسى الدقاق ومحمد بن أحمد السناني (رضي الله عنهم)، قالوا: حدثنا أبو العباس أحمد ابن يحيى بن زكريا القطان، قال: حدثنا محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثني محمد بن أبي السري، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن عبد الله بن يونس، عن سعد بن طريف الكناني، عن الاصبغ بن نباتة، قال: لما جلس علي (عليه السلام) في الخلافة وبايعه الناس، خرج إلى المسجد متعمما بعمامة رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله)، لابسا بردة رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) منتعلا نعل رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله)، متقلدا سيف رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) فصعد المنبر، فجلس عليه متمكنا، ثم شبك بين أصابعه، فوضعها أسفل بطنه، ثم قال: يا معشر الناس، سلوني قبل أن تفقدوني، هذا سفط العلم، هذا لعاب رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله)، هذا ما زقني رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) زقا زقا، سلوني فإن عندي علم الاولين والآخرين، أما والله لوثنيت لي وسادة، فجلست عليها، لافتيت أهل التوراة بتوراتهم حتى تنطق التوراة فتقول: صدق علي ما كذب، لقد أفتاكم بما أنزل الله في، وأفتيت أهل الانجيل بإنجيلهم حتى ينطق الانجيل فيقول: صدق علي ما كذب، لقد  أفتاكم بما أنزل الله في، وأفتيت أهل القرآن بقرآنهم حتى ينطق القرآن فيقول: صدق علي ما كذب، لقد أفتاكم بما أنزل الله في، وأنتم تتلون القرآن ليلا ونهارا، فهل فيكم أحد يعلم ما نزل فيه؟ ولولا آية في كتاب الله عزوجل لاخبرتكم بما كان وبما يكون، وبما هو كائن إلى يوم القيامة، وهي هذه الآية: (يمحوا الله ما يشاء ويثبت وعنده أم الكتاب) (١). ثم قال: (عليه السلام): سلوني قبل أن تفقدوني، فو الذي فلق الحبة وبرأ النسمة، لو سألتموني عن أية آية، في ليل أنزلت، أو في نهار أنزلت، مكيها ومدنيها، سفريها وحضريها، ناسخها ومنسوخها، ومحكمها ومتشابهها، وتأويلها وتنزيلها، إلا أخبرتكم. فقال إليه رجل يقال له ذعلب، وكان ذرب اللسان، بليغا في الخطب، شجاع القلب، فقال: لقد ارتقى ابن أبي طالب مرقاة صعبة، لاخجلنه اليوم لكم في مسألتي إياه. فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين، هل رأيت ربك؟ فقال: ويلك يا ذعلب لم أكن بالذي أعبد ربا لم أره. قال: فكيف رأيته؟ صفه لنا. قال: ويلك! لم تره العيون بمشاهدة الابصار، ولكن رأته القلوب بحقائق الايمان، ويلك يا ذعلب، إن ربي لا يوصف بالعبد ولا بالحركة ولا بالسكون، ولا بقيام - قيام انتصاب - ولا بجيئة ولا بذهاب، لطيف اللطافة لا يوصف باللطف، عظيم العظمة لا يوصف بالعظم، كبير الكبرياء لا يوصف بالكبر، جليل الجلالة لا يوصف بالغلظ، رؤوف الرحمة لا يوصف بالرقة، مؤمن لا بعبادة، مدرك لا بمجسة (٢)، قائل لا بلفظ، هو في الاشياء على غير ممازجة، خارج منها على غير مباينة، فوق كل شئ ولا يقال شئ فوقه، أمام كل شئ ولا يقال له أمام، داخل في الاشياء لا كشئ في شئ داخل، وخارج منها لا كشئ من شئ خارج. فخر ذعلب  مغشيا عليه، ثم قال: تا لله ما سمعت بمثل هذا الجواب، والله لا عدت إلى مثلها. ثم قال (عليه السلام): سلوني قبل أن تفقدوني. فقام إليه الاشعث بن قيس، فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين، كيف تؤخذ من المجوس الجزية ولم ينزل عليهم كتاب، ولم يبعث إليهم نبي؟ فقال: بلى يا أشعث، قد أنزل الله عليهم كتابا، وبعث إليهم نبيا، وكان لهم ملك سكر ذات ليلة، فدعا بابنته إلى فراشه فارتكبها، فلما أصبح تسامع به قومه، فاجتمعوا إلى بابه، فقالوا: أيها الملك، دنست علينا ديننا فأهلكته، فاخرج نطهرك ونقم عليك الحد. فقال لهم: اجتمعوا واسمعوا كلامي، فإن يكن لي مخرج مما ارتكبت وإلا فشأنكم. فاجتمعوا، فقال لهم: هل علمتم أن الله عز وجل لم يخلق خلقا أكرم عليه من أبينا آدم وأمنا حواء؟ قالوا: صدقت أيها الملك. قال: أفليس قد زوج بنيه من بناته، وبناته من بينه؟ قالوا: صدقت، هذا هو الدين، فتعاقدوا على ذلك، فمحا الله ما في صدورهم من العلم، ورفع عنهم الكتاب، فهم الكفرة، يدخلون النار بلا حساب، والمنافقون أشد حالا منهم. فقال الاشعث: والله ما سمعت بمثل هذا الجواب، والله لا عدت إلى مثلها أبدا. ثم قال (عليه السلام): سلوني قبل أن تفقدوني. فقام إليه رجل من أقصى المسجد، متوكئا على عكازة، فلم يزل يتخطى الناس حتى دنا منه فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين، دلني على عمل إذا أنا عملته نجاني الله من النار. فقال له: اسمع يا هذا، ثم افهم، ثم استيقن، قامت الدنيا بثلاثة: بعالم ناطق مستعمل لعلمه، وبغني لا يبخل بماله على أهل دين الله عزوجل، وبفقير صابر، فإذا كتم العالم علمه، وبخل الغني، ولم يصبر الفقير، فعندها الويل والثبور، وعندها يعرف العارفون بالله أن الدار قد رجعت إلى بدئها، أي إلى الكفر بعد الايمان. أيها السائل، فلا تغترن بكثرة المساجد، وجماعة أقوام أجسادهم مجتمعة وقلوبهم شتى. أيها الناس، إنما الناس ثلاثة: زاهد، وراغب، وصابر، فأما الزاهد فلا يفرح بشئ من الدنيا أتاه، ولا يحزن على شئ منها فاته، وأما الصابر فيتمناها بقلبه، فإن أدرك منها شيئا صرف عنها نفسه لما يعلم من سوء عاقبتها، وأما الراغب فلا يبالي من  حل أصابها أم من حرام. قال: يا أمير المؤمنين، فما علامة المؤمن في ذلك الزمان؟ قال: ينظر إلى ما أوجب الله عليه من حق فيتولاه، وينظر إلى ما خالفه فيتبرأ منه وإن كان حبيبا قريبا. قال: صدقت والله يا أمير المؤمنين، ثم غاب الرجل فلم نره، وطلبه الناس فلم يجدوه، فتبسم علي (عليه السلام) على المنبر ثم قال: ما لكم، هذا أخي الخضر (عليه السلام). ثم قال (عليه السلام): سلوني قبل أن تفقدوني. فلم يقم إليه أحد، فحمد الله وأثنى عليه، وصلى على نبيه (صلى الله عليه وآله)، ثم قال للحسن (عليه السلام): يا حسن، قم فاصعد المنبر، فتكلم بكلام لا تجهلك قريش من بعدي، فيقولون: إن الحسن لا يحسن شيئا. قال الحسن (عليه السلام): يا أبه، كيف أصعد وأتكلم وأنت في الناس تسمع وترى؟ قال: بأبي وأمي أواري نفسي عنك، وأسمع وأرى ولا تراني. فصعد الحسن (عليه السلام) المنبر، فحمد الله بمحامد بليغة شريفة، وصلى على النبي وآله صلاة موجزة، ثم قال: أيها الناس، سمعت جدي رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) يقول: أنا مدينة العلم وعلي بابها، وهل تدخل المدينة إلا من بابها، ثم نزل، فوثب إليه علي (عليه السلام) فتحمله، وضمه إلى صدره. ثم قال للحسين (عليه السلام): يا بني، قم فاصعد فتكلم بكلام لا تجهلك قريش من بعدي، فيقولون: إن الحسين بن علي لا يبصر شيئا، وليكن كلامك تبعا لكلام أخيك، فصعد الحسين (عليه السلام)، فحمد الله وأثنى عليه، وصلى على نبيه وآله صلاة موجزة، ثم قال: معاشر الناس، سمعت رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) وهو يقول: إن عليا مدينة هدى، فمن دخلها نجا، ومن تخلف عنها هلك. فوثب علي (عليه السلام) فضمه إلى صدره وقبله، ثم قال: معاشر الناس، اشهدوا أنهما فرخا رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) ووديعته التي استودعنيها، وأنا استودعكموها. معاشر الناس، ورسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) سائلكم عنهما (١).
Abu Ja`far Muhammad b. `Ali b. al-Husayn b. Musa b. Babuwayh al-Qummi  narrated to us. He said: Ahmad b. al-Hasan al-Qattan and `Ali b. Ahmad b. Musa al-Daqqaq and Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Sinani  narrated to us. They said: Abu’l `Abbas Ahmad b. Yahya b. Zakariyya al-Qattan narrated to us. He said: Muhammad b. al-`Abbas narrated to us. He said: Muhammad b. Abi al-Sirri narrated to me. He said: Ahmad b. `Abdullah b. Yunus narrated to us from Sa`d b. Turayf al-Kinani from al-Asbagh b. Nubata. He said: When `Ali  assumed the Caliphate and the people pledged their allegiance to him, he went out to the Mosque turbaned in the turban of the Messenger of Allah (s), cloaked in the cloak of the Messenger of Allah (s), wearing the sandals of the Messenger of Allah (s), and equipped with the sword of the Messenger of Allah (s). So, he climbed the pulpit and sat upon it masterfully. Then, he folded his hands and placed them under his stomach. Then, he said: O people! Ask me before you lose me. This is the vessel of knowledge. This is the saliva of the Messenger of Allah (s). This is the sustenance that the Messenger of Allah (s) has sustained me with. Ask me, for I have the knowledge of the former and latter peoples. By Allah, if a cushion were folded for me, I could give judgments to the people of the Torah with their Torah until the Torah is made to say: “`Ali has spoken the truth and he has not lied. He has given you judgments by that which Allah has revealed”; and I could give judgments to the people of the Gospel with their Gospel until the Gospel is made to say: “`Ali has spoken the truth and he has not lied. He has given you judgments by that which Allah has revealed”; and I could give judgments to the people of the Quran with their Quran until the Quran is made to say: “`Ali has spoken the truth and he has not lied. He has given you judgments by that which Allah has revealed.” You recite the Quran night and day, so, is there one of you who knows what was revealed in it? If it were not for one verse in the Book of Allah, I could have informed you of what was, what will be, and what is, until the Day of Resurrection; and it is this verse, “Allah erases what He wishes and confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.” (13:39) Then, he  said: Ask me before you lose me, for by Him who split the seed and gave life, if you were to ask me about any verse – whether it were revealed in the night or revealed in the day, in Mecca or in Medina, while travelling or while present; whether it is abrogating or abrogated, decisive or allegorical; or about its interpretation or its exegesis – I would have informed you of it.  So, a man named Dha`lab, who had a sharp tongue, who was eloquent in speech, and who had a bold heart, said: Ibn Abi Talib has risen to a difficult station, so I will embarrass him today in my questions posed to him. So, he said: O Amir al-Mu’minin! Have you seen your Lord? So, he said: Woe to you, Dha`lab, I am not one who would worship a Lord that I haven not seen. He said: So, how did you see Him? Describe Him to us. He said: Woe to you! Eyes do not see Him by way of sight, but rather, hearts see Him by the realities of faith. Woe to you, Dha`lab, surely, my Lord is not described with proximity, nor with movement, nor with stillness, nor with standing – standing physically – nor with coming, nor with going. He is the Most Subtle of the subtle, but He is not described with subtlety. He is the Most Great of the great, but He is not described with greatness. He is the Most Grand of the grand, but He is not described with grandness. He is the Most Majestic of the majestic, but He is not described with difficulty. He is kind in mercy, but He is not described with gentleness; the Protector, but not [gained] through worship. He perceives, but not through touching. He speaks, but not through pronouncement. He is in the things, but not interwoven, and He is outside of them, but not contrasting. He is above everything, and nothing is to be said to be above Him. He is in front of everything, but He is not to be said to be in front. He is inside the things, but not like a thing inside another thing. He is outside the things, but not like a thing outside another thing. So, Dha`lab fell unconscious. Then, [he awoke] and said: By Allah, I have never heard an answer like this. By Allah, I will not repeat [a question] like it. Then, he  said: Ask me before you lose me. So, al-Ash`ath b. Qays went to him and said: O Amir al-Mu’minin! Why is the jizya taken from the Zoroastrians when no Book was revealed to them and no prophet was sent to them? So, he said: O Ash`ath! Allah revealed a Book to them and sent a prophet to them. They had a king who was drunk one night. He called his daughter to his bed and had intercourse with her. When he awoke, his people had heard what had happened and had gathered at his door. So, they said: “O king! You have dirtied our religion and you have destroyed it. Get out, so that we may purify you by establishing the penalty on you.” So, he said to them: “Gather and listen to my words. If there is no way out for me, then do as you wish.” So, they gathered. So, he said to them: “Do you know that Allah did not create a creation more noble than our father Adam and our mother Hawwa’?” They said: “You have spoken the truth, king.” He said: “Did he not marry his sons to his daughters, and his daughters to his sons?” They said: “You have spoken the truth. This is the religion.” So, they contracted [marriages] based on that. So, Allah erased knowledge from their hearts and raised the Book from them, so they became disbelievers who enter the Fire without judgment – and the hypocrites are in a more severe condition than them. So, al-Ash`ath said: By Allah, I have never heard an answer like this. By Allah, I will not repeat [a question] like it.  Then, he  said: Ask me before you lose me. So, a man from the furthest end of the Mosque came to him, leaning on a staff. He did not stop surpassing the people until he came close to him and said: O Amir al-Mu’minin! Lead me to a practice which, if I did it, Allah would deliver me from the Fire. So, he said to him: Listen, so-and-so, then understand, then ascertain. The world is upheld by three: a speaking scholar whose knowledge is acted upon, a wealthy person who is not stingy in his wealth with the people of the religion of Allah, and patient poor person. If the scholar hides his knowledge, and the wealthy becomes stingy, and the poor person is not patient, then at that will be woe and devastation. At that, those that know Allah will know that the abode will revert to its incipience – meaning, to disbelief after faith. O asker! Do not be deceived by the number of mosques, nor by the gatherings of people who are united in their bodies but disunited in their hearts. O people! Surely, there are only three types of people: the ascetic, the hedonist, and the patient. As for the ascetic, he is not gladdened by anything of the world that comes to him, nor is he saddened by anything of the world that misses him. As for the patient, he wishes for it (the world) in his heart, but when he comes by anything of it, he avoids it because he knows its evil consequences. As for the hedonist, he does not mind taking it lawfully or unlawfully.  He said: O Amir al-Mu’minin! What is the sign of the believer in that time? He said: He looks to what Allah has obliged him and he fulfills it, and he looks to what is contrary to it and dissociates from it, even if it is beloved and near to him. He said: You have spoken the truth, by Allah, O Amir al-Mu’minin. Then, the man disappeared, and we did not see him. The people went out looking for him, but they did not see him. So, `Ali  smiled on the pulpit and said: What are you doing? This is my brother al-Khidr . Then, he  said: Ask me before you lose me. So, no one went to him. So, he praised Allah and commended Him, blessed His Prophet (s), then said to al-Hasan : O Hasan! Stand, climb the pulpit, and speak, so that Quraysh are not ignorant of you after me, lest they say: “Al-Hasan has not beautified (yuhsin) anything.” Al-Hasan  said: O father! How can I climb [the pulpit] and speak when you are among the people listening and watching? He said: May my mother and my father be your sacrifice! I will hide myself from you, so you will neither hear nor see me. So, al-Hasan  climbed the pulpit, praised Allah in an eloquent and honourable way, blessed the Prophet and his Family briefly, then said: O people! I heard my grandfather the Messenger of Allah (s) say: “I am the City of Knowledge and `Ali is its Gate. A city can only be entered by its gate.” Then, he descended; and `Ali  leapt toward him, embraced him, and held him to his chest. Then, he said to al-Husayn : O my son! Stand, climb the pulpit, and speak, so that the Quraysh are not ignorant of you after me, lest they say: “Al-Husayn b. `Ali has no insight in anything”, and so that your words may follow your brother’s. So, al-Husayn climbed, praised Allah and commended Him, blessed His Prophet and his Family briefly, then said: O people! I heard the Messenger of Allah (s) say: “Surely, `Ali is the City of Guidance. Whoever enters it is saved, and whoever turns away from it is destroyed.” So, `Ali  leapt toward him, embraced him, and held him to his chest. Then, he said: O people! Bear witness that these two are the younglings of the Messenger of Allah (s) whom he entrusted to me, and I am entrusting them to you. O people! The Messenger of Allah (s) will question you regarding them.