٣-٢٢١ حدثنا أبوالحسن محمد بن عمرو بن علي البصري قال: حدثنا أبوالحسن علي بن الحسن بن الميثمي قال: حدثنا أبوالحسن علي بن مهرويه القزويني قال: حدثنا أبوأحمد الغازي قال: حدثنا علي بن موسى الرضا قال: حدثني أبي موسى ابن جعفر قال حدثني أبي جعفر بن محمد قال: حدثني أبي محمد بن علي قال: حدثنا أبي علي بن الحسين قال: حدثنا أبي الحسين بن علي قال: سمعت أبي علي بن أبي طالب عليهم السلام يقول: الاعمال على ثلاثة أحوال فرائض، وفضائل، ومعاصي. فأما الفرائض فبأمر الله وبرضى الله وبقضاء الله وتقديره ومشيئته وعلمه عز وجل. وأما الفضائل فليست بأمر الله ولكن برضى الله وبقضاء الله وبمشيئته الله وبعلم الله عز وجل، وأما المعاصي فليست بأمر الله ولكن بقضاء الله وبقدر الله وبمشيئته وعلمه ثم يعاقب عليهاقال مصنف هذا الكتاب رضي الله عنه المعاصي بقضاء الله معناه بنهي الله لان حكمه عز وجل فيها على عباده الانتهاء عنها، ومعنى قوله "بقدر الله" أي بعلم الله بمبلغها ومقدارها. ومعنى قوله "وبمشيئته" فانه عز وجل شاء أن لا يمنع العاصي من المعاصي إلا بالزجر والقول والنهي والتحذير، دون الجبر والمنع بالقوة والدفع بالقدرة
3-221 Abul Hassan Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Ali al-Basry narrated that Abul Hassan Ali ibn al-Hassan ibn al-Maysami quoted Abul Hassan Ali ibn Mahraviat al-Qazvini, on the authority of Abu Ahmad al-Qazi, on the authority of Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (MGB), on the authority of his father Musa ibn Ja’far al-Kadhim (MGB), on the authority of his father Ja’far ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his father Muhammad ibn Ali al-Baqir (MGB), on the authority of his father Ali ibn al-Hussein as-Sajjad (MGB), on the authority of his father Al-Hussein ibn Ali (MGB) that he had heard his father Ali ibn Abi Talib (MGB) say, “Deeds can be classified into three distinct groups: the obligatory deeds; the noble deeds; and sins. The obligatory deeds are done based upon God’s Orders, His Decrees, Pleasure, Volition, His Predetermination, and Knowledge. However, the noble deeds are not done based upon God’s Orders. However, they are done based upon God’s Pleasure, Decrees, Volition, His Predetermination, and Knowledge. And sins are not done based upon God’s Orders. However, they are done based upon God’s Decrees, Power, Predetermination, Volition and Knowledge. That is why God punishes us for committing them.”The compiler of the book - may God be pleased with him - said, “When it is said that sins are done based upon God’s Decrees, it implies that God has admonished us against doing them, since the Honorable the Exalted God’s Decrees for His servants regarding sins is to abandon them. What is meant by ‘it is based upon God’s Predetermination’ is that God knows the sin’s amount and extent. What is meant by ‘it is based upon God’s Volition’ means that the Honorable the Exalted God only hinders him from committing sins by means of advice, statements, forbidding and admonishment - not by force and use of power.”