حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن يحيى بن أحمد بن عيسى بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب، قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن إبراهيم بن أسباط، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن زياد القطان، قال، حدثني أبو الطيب أحمد بن محمد بن عبد الله، قال: حدثني عيسى بن جعفر بن محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد بن عمر بن علي بن أبي طالب، عن آبائه، عن عمر بن علي، عن أبيه، علي بن أبي طالب عليه السلام قال: إن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله سئل: ما البتول  ؟ فإنا سمعناك يا رسول الله تقول إن مريم بتول، وفاطمة بتول؟ فقال: البتول التي لن تر حمرة قط أي لم تحض فإن الحيض مكروه في بنات الأنبياء. وسمي الامام إماما لأنه قدوة للناس منصوب من قبل الله تعالى ذكره مفترض الطاعة على العباد. وسمي علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام، السجاد لما كان على مساجده من آثار السجود وقد كان يصلي في اليوم والليلة ألف ركعة، وسمي ذا الثفنات لأنه كان له في مواضع سجوده آثار ناتئة فكان يقطعها في السنة مرتين كل مرة خمس ثفنات فسمى ذا الثفنات لذلك وسمي الباقر عليه السلام باقرا لأنه بقر العلم بقرا أي شقه شقا وأظهره إظهارا. وسمي الصادق صادقا ليتميز من المدعي للإمامة بغير حقها وهو جعفر بن عليإمام الفطحية الثانية. وسمي موسى بن جعفر عليهما السلام، الكاظم لأنه كان يكظم غيظه على من يعلم أنه كان سيقف عليه ويجحد الامام بعده طمعا في ملكه  . وسمي علي بن موسى عليهما السلام، الرضا لأنه كان رضي لله تعالى ذكره في سمائه، ورضي لرسول و الأئمة بعده عليهم السلام في أرضه، ورضي به المخالفون من أعدائه كما رضي به الموافقون من أوليائه. وسمي محمد بن عليالثاني عليهما السلام، التقي لأنه اتقى الله عز وجل فوقاه الله شر المأمون لما دخل عليه بالليل سكران فضربه بسيفه حتى ظن أنه كان قد قتله فوقاه الله شره. وسمي الإمامان - علي بن محمد، والحسن بن علي عليهما السلام - العسكريين لأنهما نسبا إلى المحلة التي سكناها بسر من رأى وكانت تسمى عسكرا. وسمي القائم قائما لأنه يقوم بعد موت ذكره. وقد روي في هذا المعني غير ذلك. وقد أخرجت هذه الفصول مرتبة مسندة في كتاب علل الشرائع والاحكام والأسباب.
17.	We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Yahya bin Ahmad bin Isa bin Ali bin Hussain bin Ali bin Hussain bin Ali bin Abi Talib, that he said: We were told by Abu Abdillah, Muhammed bin Ibrahim bin Asbat, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Ziyad al-Qattan, that he said: I was told by Abu’l-Teeb, Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Abdullah, that he said: I was told by Isa bin Ja’far bin Muhammed bin Abdullah bin Muhammed bin Umar bin Ali bin Abi Talib, from his fathers, from Umar bin Ali, from his father, Ali bin Abi Talib, peace be upon him, that he said: Indeed, the Prophet, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, was asked: What is the Batul? For indeed, we have heard you, O Allah’s Messenge,r say that Maryam was a Batul and that Fatima is a Batul? Then he said: The Batul is she who never saw any redness at all, meaning that she did not menstruate, because menstruation is disliked for the daughters of Prophets. The Imam was named an Imam because he is a role-model for the people, assigned by Allah, Exalted is His Remembrance, whose obedience is obligatory upon the servants. Ali bin Hussain, peace be upon them both, was named the Sajjad due to what was on his prostrating parts  of effects of prostration , and he used to pray in one day and night, a thousand rak’a [1]. He was named the One with Calluses  because on the spot of his prostration, he had swollen effects, and he used to cut them twice a year, each time five calluses, and so he was named the One with Calluses for that. Al-Baqir, peace be upon him, was named a Baqir because he slit  knowledge open, a true splitting, meaning that he cut it a true cutting and demonstrated it, a true demonstration. Al-Sadiq was named a Sadiq in order it to be recognized who the claimer of Imamate without right is, and that is Ja’far bin Ali, the leader of the Second Fathis. Musa bin Ja’far, peace be upon them both, was named the Kadhim because he used to repress  his rage towards those whom he knew would stand on his truth and knowingly reject the Imam after him out of greed for his property. Ali bin Musa, peace be upon them both, was named the Rida because he was pleased with Allah, Exalted is His Remembrance, in His Heaven, pleased with the Messenger and the Imams after him, peace be upon them, in His earth, and the opponents from his enemies were pleased with him like how the congruent from his allies were pleased with him. Muhammed bin Ali, the Second, peace be upon them both, was named the Taqi because he feared Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, and so Allah shielded from him the evil of Ma’mun when he entered into him at night, drunk, and hit him by his sword to the extent he assumed that he had killed him, and so Allah shielded him from his evil. The two Imams, Ali bin Muhammed and Hasan bin Ali, peace be upon them both, were named the Askariyyain [2] because they were ascribed to the place in which they resided in Surr Man Ra’a [3], and it used to be called a military camp. The Qa’im was named a Qa’im because he will arise after the death of his remembrance. It has been reported other than that with regards to this meaning. I have reported these parts in an arranged, chained, manner in the book ‘Ilal-ush-Shara’I’ wal-Ahkam wal-Asbab.