٧- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَاتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً فَانْطَلَقَ ابْنُهُ فَابْتَاعَ رَجُلا مِنْ كَسْبِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَإِنَّ الْمُعْتَقَ أَصَابَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مَالا ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَهُ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ مِيرَاثُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الرَّقَبَةُ الَّتِي عَلَى أَبِيهِ فِي ظِهَارٍ أَوْ شُكْرٍ أَوْ وَاجِبَةً عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ الْمُعْتَقَ سَائِبَةٌ لا سَبِيلَ لأحَدٍ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ تَوَالَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَضَمِنَ جِنَايَتَهُ وَحَدَثَهُ كَانَ مَوْلاهُ وَوَارِثَهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرِيبٌ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَوَالَى إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى مَاتَ فَإِنَّ مِيرَاثَهُ لإمَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرِيبٌ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الرَّقَبَةُ عَلَى أَبِيهِ تَطَوُّعاً وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُوهُ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ عَنْهُ نَسَمَةً فَإِنَّ وَلاءَ الْمُعْتَقِ هُوَ مِيرَاثٌ لِجَمِيعِ وُلْدِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ قَالَ وَيَكُونُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ وَأَعْتَقَهُ بِأَمْرِ أَبِيهِ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمُعْتَقِ قَرَابَةٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَحْرَارٌ يَرِثُونَهُ قَالَ وَإِنْ كَانَ ابْنُهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَى الرَّقَبَةَ فَأَعْتَقَهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ مِنْ مَالِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ أَبِيهِ تَطَوُّعاً مِنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَبُوهُ أَمَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ وَلاءَهُ وَمِيرَاثَهُ لِلَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَأَعْتَقَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمُعْتَقِ وَارِثٌ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ.
7. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from abu Ayyub from Burayd ibn Mu’awiyah al- ‘ Ij liy who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far , about the case of a man who owed the freeing of a slave but he died before freeing a slave. His son then went to buy a man from his earnings and set him free on behalf of his father; the freed man earned an asset and then died; and about to whom belongs his legacy? He (the Imam) said, ‘If his father owed it because of Zihar, thanksgiving or it was obligatory on him then the freed is Sa’ibah (unconditionally freed slave) and no one has anything on him. If he found a guardian for himself from the Muslims before his death, who took upon himself his liabilities for his crimes, he is his guardian and heir; if no relatives of the freed man exists. If he did not find anyone of the Muslims as his guardian until he died, then his legacy is for the Imam of the Muslims if his relatives who can inherit him do not exist.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If his father owed the freeing of a slave for optional reasons and his father had commanded him to free for him a soul, then the guardianship of freed man belongs to all heirs of the deceased of the male ones.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The one who buys and frees him because of the command of his father is like one of the heirs; if the freed does not have any relative among the Muslims who are free to inherit him.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If his son buys the slave and frees for his father from his asset after his father, optionally on his behalf without any command from his father, then guardianship and legacy belongs to the one who bought the slave from his asset to be freed who freed him for his father. This applies only when the freed one has not left behind any relatives.’” 