1. The literacy rate in the city is increasing for the last three years.
2. The city administration has conducted extensive literacy programs to educate the illiterate people of the city.

Which statement is the cause and which is the effect?
user
It is likely that 2) is the cause, and 1) is the effect. It's reasonable to assume that the literacy programs by the city administration have been successful in raising literacy rates in the city.

There is a possibility that 1) and 2) are not linked: for instance, the literacy programs might not have been successful, but literacy rates rose anyway due to other factors.
assistant
Can you give me some other examples of Cause and Effect questions?
user
Sure. Here are some examples of cause and effect questions:

    What causes people to become addicted to drugs?
    What effect does poverty have on educational opportunities?
    How does climate change affect our food supply?
    How does technology influence our social lives?
    What causes changes in the Earth's climate?
    What effect does a lack of sleep have on our health?
    How does stress affect our physical and mental wellbeing?
    How does cultural diversity affect our society?
    What causes inequality in the workplace?
    How does the economy affect our daily lives?
assistant
Huh, that's a good question. What effect *does* a lack of sleep have on our health? Seems particularly relevant to me tbh
user