Write a short introduction to a scientific paper exploring interface and grain boundary effects in perovskite solar cells. Mention the importance of solar cells in the energy transition, as well as the shortcomings of conventional silicon solar cells and how perovskite cells can help overcome them.
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Solar energy has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional sources of energy, such as fossil fuels. Photovoltaic devices, also known as solar cells, convert sunlight directly into electricity, and are essential to the success of the energy transition. However, conventional silicon-based solar cells are limited by their high production cost, large-scale manufacturing requirements, and the environmental impact of their fabrication. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a potential solution to these challenges, with their ease of fabrication, low-cost, and high power conversion efficiency. However, the interface and grain boundary effects in PSCs can affect their stability, and therefore, it is essential to understand the underlying mechanisms to optimize their performance. This paper aims to explore the interface and grain boundary effects in PSCs and their impact on the device's efficiency, stability, and longevity. By shedding light on these crucial aspects, we aim to contribute to the development of high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells that can help overcome the shortcomings of conventional silicon solar cells.
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Convert this into an abstract of a scientific paper.
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Solar energy utilizing silicon-based (SBCs) and Perovskite cells (PSCs) has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional sources of energy, such as fossil fuels. In this paper we document and compare the underlying mechanisms of SBCs versus PSCs, noting the known shortcomings of SBCs and how PSCs offer able to overcome them.  Focusing on PSCs, we explore and analyze the interface and grain boundary effects and their impact on cell efficiency.  We show how managing these characteristics of PSCs offers a significant improvement over SBCs and potentially a way forward to cheaper, higher power, simpler to manufacture and less enviromentally challenged solar cells when compared to SBC's.
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