What is The molecule, which is the initiator of cataract formation in the eye lens and whose 1-phosphate derivative is responsible for liver failure, is and explain in detail?
In lens, the enzyme aldose reductase reduces monosaccharides to corresponding sugar alcohols; glucose to sorbitol and galactose to galactitol.these polyols do not cross cell membranes and hence accumulate; causing osmotic swelling and consequent disruption of cell architecture. Thus diabetes mellitus and galactosemia cause cataractRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 727