What is Drug used to prevent nausea and vomiting: and explain in detail?
Ans: A (Propofol) Ref: Ajay Yadav, Short textbook of Pediatrics 1st edition Pg 73 & Miller Textbook of Anaesthesia. 6th editionExplanation:Propofol has antiemetic property and has the least incidence of nausea and vomiting.PROPOFOLComercial prepart ions is Oil based and contains Soyabean oil. Egg Lecithin & GlycerolCauses pain during injection, avoided by prior injection by lignocaineCan support the growth of bacteria, to be used within 6 hrs of opening the vialDrug of choice for day care surgeryAnesthetic propertiesInduction is achieved in 35 seconds (Arm brain circulation time)Consciousness is regained in 5 - 10 minutes (due to redistribution)Elimination half life - 2-4 hoursNo analgesic propertyNot a muscle relaxantMetabolismMetabolised by liver and excreted by kidneysClearance rate is 20 times more rapid than ThiopentoneSystemic EffectsMajor CVS effect is hypotension and vagal bradycardiaBetter blunting of airway reflexes compared to thiopentoneRespiratory depression is more severe than ThiopentoneHas Cerebral protection effect (Similar to thiopentone)Can cause muscle twitchings or myoclonusHas antiemetic propertyAntipruritic propertyDecreases intraocular pressureUsesAgent of choice for Day care anesthesiaAgent of choice for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in combination with FentanylUsed to produce sedation in ICUAgent of choice in patients susceptible to Malignant hyperthermia