What is A boy fell from the height on his outstretched hand. The X-ray is similar to the one shown below. The most likely diagnosis? and explain in detail?
Ans. (A) Galeazzi fracture(Ref: Text book of Orthopedics by John Ebnezar 5th Ed; Page no-164)Galeazzi FractureDiaphyseal fracture of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint results from a direct blow to the radius.It is also called reverse Monteggia fracture.CXR:#Lateral viewRadius is angulated dorsally.#AP viewFracture radius, transverse or short oblique.Dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint.Management: ORIF of the radius and casting of the fractured forearm in supination to reduce the distal radioulnar joint.Colles FractureInvolves the distal radius. Often results from a fall onto an outstretched hand, leading to a dorsally displaced, dorsally angulated fracture. Commonly seen in the elderly (Osteoporosis) and children.Management: Closed reduction followed by application of a long-arm cast; open reduction if the fracture is intra-articular.Monteggia FractureIt is a fracture upper third of ulna with dislocation head of the radius. Most commonly seen in late childhood.It occurs due to fall on the outstretched hands either in hyperpronation or in hyperextension.In monteggia fractures, radial head dislocation is often missed so it is called as treacherous lesion.Radiographs:#AP views: Forearm#Lateral and oblique views: Elbow and Wrist joints.Most common nerve injuries in monteggia fractures: Posterior interosseous nerveRolando's FractureIt is the intraarticular comminuted fracture of the base of the first metacarpal with a T or Y configuration.