if there are some substances which have no other substances nor entities prior to them-substances such as some assert the Ideas to be?-If the essence of good is to be different from good-itself, and the essence of animal from animal-itself, and the essence of being from being-itself, there will, firstly, be other substances and entities and Ideas besides those which are asserted, and, secondly, these others will be prior substances, if essence is substance.
Izan ere, "Ongia Bera" eta "Ongiaren izatea", "animalia" eta "animaliaren izatea" eta "den-a" eta "den-aren izatea" gauza desberdinak baldin badira, aipaturikoez aparteko beste 1031b) substantzia, natura eta ideia batzuk izango dira, eta gainera haien aurrekoak eta substantzia neurri handiagoz, esentzia substantzia baldin bada.