So, too, there are many senses in which a thing is said to be, but all refer to one starting-point; some things are said to be because they are substances, others because they are affections of substance, others because they are a process towards substance, or destructions or privations or qualities of substance, or productive or generative of substance, or of things which are relative to substance, or negations of one of these thing of substance itself.
5) Horrela, bada, "den-a" ere zentzu askotan esaten da, baina guztietan printzipio bakar bati dagokio. Izan ere, diren guztiak izendatzen dira batzuk substantziak direlako, beste batzuk substantziaren afekzioak direlako, beste batzuk, berriz, substantziarako bidea, edo usteldurak, edo gabeziak, edo nolakotasunak, edo eragileak, edo sortzaileak direlako, substantziarenak edo substantziari dagokionez esaten ditugunenak, edo 10) hauetako baten edo substantziaren ezeztapenak direlako.