All right to punish is based upon the positive law alone, which before the offence has determined a punishment for it, the threat of which, as a counter-motive, is intended to outweigh all possible motives for the offence.
Zigortzeko eskubide oro lege positiboak bakarrik oinarritzen du, zeinak hori gertatu aurretik zigor bat determinatu baitu, eta horren mehatxuak hura egiteko motibo guztien kontramotibo gisa balio handiagoa izan beharko luke.