Therefore the necessity of the determination of the will by the motive, which is like that of the effect by the cause, can be exhibited perceptibly and directly only in the case of the brutes, because here the spectator has the motives just as directly before his eyes as their effect;
Horregatik motiboaren bitartezko nahimenaren determinazioaren beharrezkotasuna, zeina kausaren bitartezkoaren eraginarenaren berdina baita, animaliengan bakarrik aurkez daiteke begiesgarriki eta bitartegabe, zeren hemen behatzaileak motiboak bere eragina bezain bitartegabe baitauzka begien aurrean;