<s>[INST] How do I resize an image using PIL and maintain its aspect ratio? Is there an obvious way to do this that I'm missing?  I'm just trying to make thumbnails.
 [/INST] Define a maximum size.
Then, compute a resize ratio by taking min(maxwidth/width, maxheight/height).
The proper size is oldsize*ratio.
There is of course also a library method to do this: the method Image.thumbnail.
Below is an (edited) example from the PIL documentation.
import os, sys
import Image

size = 128, 128

for infile in sys.argv[1:]:
    outfile = os.path.splitext(infile)[0] + ".thumbnail"
    if infile != outfile:
        try:
            im = Image.open(infile)
            im.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)
            im.save(outfile, "JPEG")
        except IOError:
            print "cannot create thumbnail for '%s'" % infile

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