NKHANI YA PA CHIKOPI | BAIBOLO LAPONA KU VINANDI
Baibolo Lapona ku Awo Ŵakakhumbanga Kusintha Uthenga Wake
KASI PAKAŴA SUZGO WULI?: Nangauli Baibolo lapona kale ku vinandi, kweni ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakang’anamuranga na awo ŵakakoperanga Baibolo, ŵakakhumbanga kusintha uthenga wake. M’malo mwakuti iwo ndiwo ŵalondezge visambizgo vya mu Baibolo, nyengo yinyake ŵakayezgapo kusintha visambizgo vya mu Baibolo kuti viyane na visambizgo vyawo. Tiyeni tiwone viyelezgero ivi:
Malo ghakusoperapo: Mu vyaka vyapakati pa 100 na 300 B.C.E., awo ŵakalemba Pentatuki ya Chisamariya (mabuku 5 ghakwambilira mu Baibolo), kuumaliro wa lemba la Ekisodo 20:17 ŵakasazgirako mazgu ghakuti “muzenge jotchero mu Gerizimu.” Ŵasamariya ŵakaghanaghananga kuti para ŵachita nthena ndikuti ŵanthu ŵaŵikengepo mtima kuzenga tempile pa Phiri la Gerizimu.
Chisambizgo chakuti ŵachiuta mbatatu mwa yumoza: Pambere vyaka 300 vindakwane kufuma apo Baibolo likamalira kulembeka, munthu munyake uyo wakakhozgeranga chisambizgo ichi, pa lemba la 1 Yohane 5:7 wakasazgirapo mazgu ghakuti “kuchanya, kuli Ŵadada, Mazgu, Mzguka Utuŵa: ndipo ŵatatu aŵa ni munthu yumoza.” Mazgu agha mu Malemba ghakwambilira mulije. Munthu munyake wakumanya vya Baibolo zina lake Bruce Metzger, wakati ‘kwambira mu vyaka vya m’ma 1500 C. E. kuya munthazi, mazgu agha ghakasangikanga chomene mu mipukutu yakale ya Chilatini na mu Baibolo Lachilatini la Vulgate.’
Zina la Chiuta: Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakang’anamuranga Baibolo ŵakawuskangamo zina la Chiuta na kuŵikamo mazina ghaudindo nga “Chiuta” panji “Fumu.” Ŵakachitanga nthena chifukwa cha ivyo Ŵayuda ŵakagomezganga. Mu Baibolo mazina agha ghakuyowoya vya Mlengi pera yayi. Chifukwa ŵanthu nawo ŵakuthyika mazina agha, ŵakathyangaso vinthu ivyo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pakusopa kwautesi, na Dyabulosi wuwo.—Yohane 10:34, 35; 1 Ŵakorinte 8:5, 6; 2 Ŵakorinte 4:4. *
NTCHIVICHI CHIKAWOVWIRA KUTI LIPONE?: Nangauli pakaŵa ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakakoperanga makora yayi Baibolo kweniso ŵakachitanga ukhuluku, kweni pakaŵaso ŵanyake ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa ŵaluso ndipo ŵakakoperanga mwakupwelelera. Mu vyaka vyapakati pa 1500 na 1900, ŵalembi ŵanyake Ŵachiyuda ŵakuchemeka Ŵamasoreti, ŵakakopera Malemba Ghachihebere agho ghakamba kumanyikwa na zina lawo. Ŵakapendanga mazgu kweniso lizgu kuti ŵasimikizge kuti palije apo ŵabudiska. Para ŵawona kuti pa malo panyake mphakubudika mu buku ilo ŵakakoperangako, ŵakalembanga mumphepete kuti ŵawonepo makora. Ŵakachitanga nthena chifukwa chakuti ŵakakhumbanga yayi napachoko kusintha Baibolo. Pulofesa Moshe Goshen-Gottstein wakati: ‘Iwo ŵakawonanga kuti para ŵangasinthira dala, ungaŵa mulandu ukuru chomene kuluska kukoma munthu.’
Chachiŵiri ntchakuti, mipukutu yinandi iyo yiliko mazuŵa ghano yikovwira kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakusanda umo Baibolo lang’anamulikira ŵamanye apo mphakubudika. Kwa vyaka vinandi ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa ŵakaphaliranga ŵanthu kuti Mabaibolo Ghachilatini ghalije vyakubudika. Kweni nga umo tawonera kukwambilira kwa nkhani iyi, pa 1 Yohane 5:7 ŵakasazgirapo mazgu. Ubudi uwu ukusangikaso mu Baibolo Lachingelezi la King James. Kweni kasi mazgu ghakusazgirapo agha ghalimo mu mipukutu yinyake iyo ŵakayisanga? Bruce Metzger wakati: “Mazgu gha [pa 1 Yohane 5:7] mulije mu mipukutu yose yakale (Syriac, Coptic, Armenian, Ethiopic, Arabic, Slavonic), kweni ghakusangika waka mu mipukutu Yachilatini.” Lekani pakunozgaso Baibolo la King James na Mabaibolo ghanyake, ŵakawuskamo mazgu ghakubudika agha.
Kasi ni vinthu wuli vinyake ivyo vikulongora kuti uthenga wa mu Baibolo undasinthike? Nkhwantha zikati zasanga mipukutu (Dead Sea Scrolls) mu 1947, zikayaniska Malemba Ghachihebere agho Ŵamasoreti ŵakakopera na mipukutu yinyake iyo yikalembeka kale chomene. Yumoza wa awo ŵakasandanga mipukutu yakuchemeka Dead Sea Scrolls, wakayowoya kuti mupukutu umoza uwo Ŵayuda ŵakakopera pa mawoko, “ukupeleka ukaboni wambura kususkika wakuti ŵakakopera vinthu vyaunenesko.”
Mu layibulare yinyake ku Ireland, muli mipukutu ya buku lililose mu Malemba Ghachigiriki ndipo yinyake yikalembeka pati pajumpha vyaka 100 kufuma apo Baibolo likamalira kulembeka. (The Chester Beatty Library in Dublin) Dikishonare yinyake yikuti: “Nangauli mipukutu iyo yikalembeka pa malukwa yikutiphalirako fundo zinyake pa nkhani ya Baibolo lakwambilira, kweni yikulongoraso kuti awo ŵakakoperanga ŵakasintha yayi uthenga wake.”
‘Kungaŵa kupuvya yayi kuyowoya kuti, padera pa Baibolo, palije buku linyake lakale chomene ilo ŵali kulikopera kwambura kusazgirako panji kuwuskako’
NTCHIVICHI CHACHITIKA?: Mipukutu yinandi yakale chomene yawovwira kuti Baibolo lilongosoke m’malo mwa kulitimbanizgirathu. Munthu munyake zina lake Sir Frederic Kenyon wakayowoyapo vya Malemba Ghachigiriki, wakati: “Palije buku linyake ilo lili na ukaboni unandi wakale chomene. Ndipo palije munthu uyo wangasuska kuti Baibolo ilo tili nalo mazuŵa ghano muli uthenga waunenesko.” Pakuyowoya vya Malemba Ghachihebere, William Henry Green, wakati: ‘Kungaŵa kupuvya yayi kuyowoya kuti, padera pa Baibolo, palije buku linyake lakale chomene ilo ŵali kulikopera kwambura kusazgirako panji kuwuskako.’
^ ndime 6 Kuti mumanye vinandi, wonani Vyakusazgirapo A4 na A5 mu Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya. Likusangikaso pa www.jw.org/tum.
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