Bingu wa Mutharika
Mdauko wa mulongozgi wachitatu wa chalo cha Malaŵi
Bingu wa Mutharika wakababika Brightson Ryson Webster Thom mu mwezi wachibili pa zuba la makhumi yabili na yanayi (24 February) mu chaka cha 1934. Mutharika kwawo ni mu boma la Thyolo ilo lili pafupi-fupi ma kilomita makhumi yatatu (30) kufuma mu msumba wa Blantyre. Awiske ba Bingu bakaba basambizgi ba sukulu yakwamba (primary school). Wati wamalizga masambilo mu Malawi wakaluta na kukapanga masambilo ku sukulu ya masambilo yapachanya ya ku Delhi (University of Delhi) ku chalo cha India. Uku, Mutharika wakawukako na masambilo ayo pa chingelezi bakuti Masters Degree mu vyakukhwaskana na vyuma (Economics). Wati wamala masambilo ayo, wakapangaso masambilo yapachanya chomene (Doctorate Degree) ku sukulu ya Pacific Western University ku Los Angeles, mu chalo cha America.
Mutharika wakagwilapo ntchito mu boma mu vyalo vya Malaŵi na Zambia ndipo mu chaka cha 1978 Mutharika wakanjila ntchito ku United Nations uko wakakwela kufika pa kuba mulala wa nkhani ya chuma cha malonda na chitukuko (Director of Trade and Development Finance) mu Africa. Mu chaka cha 1991 Mutharika wakalembeka ntchito kuba mulala wa wupu wa vya malonda wa vyalo vya ku mafumilo ya zuba na ku mwela kwa Africa (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), COMESA.
Ku Malaŵi kwati kwayamba boma la vipani vinandi mu chaka cha 1993, Mutharika wakaba mumoza mwa banthu awo bakayamba chipani cha United Democratic Front (UDF) ndipo wakati wawona kuti wakupulikana yayi na wendeskelo wa Bakili Muluzi pa nkhani ya chuma cha Malaŵi, Mutharika wakayamba chipani chake chakuchemeka United Party mu chaka cha 1997. Mu 1999 Mutharika wakayezga kuyima pa chisankho cha mulongozgi wa Malaŵi kweni wakatondeka.
Bati bamuchimbizga ntchito ku COMESA, Mutharika wakagwilapo ntchito ngeti ni wachibili kwa mulala wa banki yikulu ya Malaŵi (Reserve Bank of Malaŵi) ndipo mu 2002 wakasoleka kuba nduna ya kunozga vya chuma na chitukuko (Economic Planning and Development).
Mu chaka cha 2003 Mutharika wakasoleka na Bakili Muluzi kuti wabe muyimilili wa chipani cha United Democratic Front (UDF) pa chisankho cha mulongozgi wa chalo cha Malaŵi. Nanga uli banthu banandi mu UDF bakakondwela yayi na kusankhika kwa Mutharika na Muluzi pa iyo yekha ndiposo banyakhe banandi bakafumamo muxo UDF chifukwa cha nkhani iyi, Mutharika wakachiyimilila chipani ichi ndipo pa chisankho icho chikachitika pa zuba la makhumi yabili la mwezi wachinkhondi (20 May) mu chaka cha 2004 Mutharika wakasoleka kuba mulongozgi wa Malaŵi pa chisankho icho banthu banandi, kusazgilapo bayimilili ba European Union bali kuti chikaba chakwibila. Pa zuba la makhumi yabili na chinayi mu mwezi wene uwu wachinkhondi (24 May) Mutharika wakazgoka mulongozgi wachitatu wa Malaŵi.
Banthu banandi bakaghana-ghananga kuti Mutharika wabenge ‘mzguka’ (puppet) wa Muluzi kweni pa myezi yakwamba Mutharika wawoneska kuti wapambana chomene na Muluzi uyo wakasakazanga na kwiba ndalama za boma.
Mutharika wakayamba makola chomene ulongozgi wake kweni vikuwoneka kuti nayo vimbundi ni vinanndi kuti waka wakwiba mwakuchenjela. Mutharika wakuwoneka kuti ni munthu mutesi chomene chifukwa vinandi ivyo wakuyowoya vikuwoneska wuchenjezi wake.
Pa zuba la 8 February 2006 Mutharika wakaphalila wupu wabaMalawi kuti wachibili wake Cassim Chilumpha wathula pasi udindo wake (m'machitiro) chifukwa chakugwenthagwentha mawungano (indaba) ghabalalabalala baboma. Nkhani iyi kuti yikakondweska baChilumpha chara, ndipo bakalitorela boma kukhoti. Panyengo yasono, Khoti lilikulamula kuti Khoti la Kendeskero ka charu ndilo liwunike kuti kasi wachibili kwa president wangathula pasi udindo mwantheura.
Muwoli wa Bingu wa Mutharika, Ethel Mutharika, uyo kwawo kukaba ku Zimbabwe wakafwa pa 28 May 2007 wakalwalanga matenda ya cancer. Pakwamba, nyumba ya boma yikakananga kuti muwoli wa Bingu wakulwala.
Pa 19 May 2009 Bingu wakasolekaso kuba mlongozgi wa chalo cha Malaŵi nangauli banthu banyakhe bakuti wakasoleka chifukwa wakiba ma voti yanandi. Wati wasolekaso munthu uyu wakayamba ulongozgi wa uchinyama ndipo wakayambiskaso kusankha pa kusola basambili bakuluta ku ma school ya secondary na ku malo yakusambililako vya pachanya (university).
Bingu wakatolaso mwanakazi munyakhe pa 17 April 2010 apo wakatolela Callista Chaponda Chimombo. Banthu banyakhe bakuti chibwezi cha Bingu na Callista chikayamba ndipo muwoli wakwamba wa Bingu wachali wamoyo.
Bingu wali kukoma banthu 19 pa zuba la 20 July 2011 pa zuba ilo ba Malaŵi bakawokeskanga kuleka kukondwa na umo chalo cha Malaŵi chikuyendeskekela.
Bingu wakafwa pa 5 April 2012 mtima wake wati waleka kugwira ntchito, icho pa chingerezi bakuti cardiac arrest ndipo wakayikika mu dindi pa 23 April 2012 ku munda wake uwo wakazenga na ndalama zakwiba wa Ndata. Banandi mu chalo cha Malaŵi bakakondwa chomene na nyifwa ya munthu uyu.
Pa zuba la 7 April 2012 mama Joyce Banda wakakhazikiskika kuba mulongozgi wa chalo cha Malaŵi nanga uli banyakhe bakakhumbanga kumuphanga ulongozgi uwo malango ya chalo cha Malaŵi yakamupa iyo pa kufwa kwaBingu.
swh_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn tum_Latn