THUMBIKO LAPADERA KU ŴANTHU ŴA YEHOVA!
Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya mu Chitumbuka
PA Seputembala 18, 2015, pakachitika chinthu chapadera chomene. Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya likafumiskika mu Chitumbuka.
Sono Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya ndimoza mwa Mabaibolo agho ŵanthu awo ŵakopa Chiuta ŵaŵazgenge mu Chitumbuka. Kweni chifukwa wuli pakakhumbikwanga Baibolo linyake lachitumbuka? Ni njani wakang’anamulira Baibolo ili? Kasi mungagomezga wuli kuti Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya ili ndiwemi chomene?
Chifukwa Wuli Pali Mabaibolo Ghanandinandi?
Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, ŵanthu ŵang’anamura Mabaibolo ghanandi chomene. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakaŵavya Mazgu gha Chiuta mu chiyowoyero chawo sono ŵali nagho chifukwa cha Mabaibolo ghanyake agho ŵanthu ŵang’anamura sonosono. Kweni ŵanthu ŵachali kufumiska Mabaibolo mu viyowoyero ivyo vili kale na Mabaibolo. Chifukwa wuli? Buku linyake (So Many Versions?) ilo wakalemba Sakae Kubo na Walter Specht likuti: “Pa Mabaibolo agho ghali kung’anamulika, palije ilo tingayowoya kuti ndakukwana. Ntchito ya kung’anamura Mabaibolo yikwenera kulutilira mwakuti fundo zake zikoleranenge na ivyo nkhwantha za Baibolo zabowozga sonosono. Chinyake ntchakuti chiyowoyero chikusintha.”
Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, nkhwantha za Baibolo zikamba kupulikiska chomene Chihebere, Chiaramu, na Chigiriki. Ivi ni viyowoyero ivyo Baibolo likalembeka pakwamba. Kweniso ŵabowozga mipukutu yakale ndiposo yakugomezgeka kuluska iyo ŵakaŵa nayo awo ŵakang’anamuranga Baibolo kumanyuma. Ntheura, sono ndipo ŵanthu ŵangang’anamulira Mazgu gha Chiuta mwaunenesko chomene kuluska kale.
Munthu munyake wa vyamalonda, zina lake Declan Hayes, wakalemba kuti: “Baibolo ni buku ilo ŵanthu ŵakugura chomene chaka chilichose.” Ntheura pakukhumba kuguliska Mabaibolo ghanandi, ŵanyake ŵakung’anamura Mabaibolo ghakunozga waka pakuŵazga, kweni ŵakuwuskamo fundo zenecho. Mu Baibolo linyake ŵali kuwuskamo mazgu agho ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuti “ghakunozga yayi” pakuŵazga. Mu Baibolo linyake ŵali kusintha mazgu agho ŵakuwona kuti ŵanthu ŵanyake mazuŵa ghano ŵangakwiya nagho. Chiyelezgero, pakukhumba kukondweska gulu linyake la ŵanthu, ŵali kulemba kuti Chiuta ni “Dada-Mama” m’malo mwa kulemba waka kuti Chiuta ni “Dada.”
Kubisa Zina la Chiuta
Chinthu chachitima chomene ni icho ŵanthu ŵakung’anamura Mabaibolo ŵachita na zina la Chiuta, lakuti Yehova. (Zina ili ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuti “Yahweh.”) Mu Mabaibolo ghakale chomene, zina la Chiuta likalembekanga mu vilembo vinayi vyachihebere, ivyo lero tingavilemba kuti YHWH panji JHVH. Zina ili likusangika pa malo pafupifupi 7,000 mu Testamente Lakale pera. (Ekisodo 3:15; Salimo 83:18) Ichi chikulongora kuti Mlengi withu wakakhumbanga kuti awo ŵakumuteŵetera ŵamanyenge zina lake na kulizunura.
Kweni vyaka vinandi ivyo vyajumpha, Ŵayuda ŵakaleka kuzunura zina la Chiuta chifukwa ŵakatenge ni mziro. Pamanyuma, maghanoghano agha ghakanjiraso pakati pa Ŵakhristu. (Milimo 20:29, 30; 1 Timote 4:1) Ntheura ŵakung’anamura Mabaibolo ŵanandi ŵakamba kuwuskamo zina la Chiuta mu malo ghake na kulembamo “Fumu.” Mu Mabaibolo ghanandi mazuŵa ghano mulijirethu zina la Chiuta. Mu Mabaibolo ghanyake ghachingelezi ŵali kuwuskapo mazgu ghakuti “zina” pa Yohane 17:6, apo Yesu wakati: “Navumbura zina linu ku ŵanthu.” Chiyelezgero, Baibolo la Good News Translation pa vesi ili likuti: “Namuvumburani ku ŵanthu.”
Kasi ŵakuchitirachi nthena na zina la Chiuta? Pulikani ivyo vili kulembeka mu magazini yinyake yakovwira awo ŵakung’anamulira Mabaibolo. Magazini iyi ŵali kulemba mba wupu wa UBS (United Bible Societies), uwo ukulaŵilira ntchito zinandi za kung’anamura Mabaibolo pa charu chose. Nkhani yinyake mu magazini iyi yikuti: “Pakuti vilembo vyakuti YHWH vikwimira zina leneko la Chiuta, ipo nthowa yiwemi chomene nkhulemba waka zina leneliro mu viyowoyero ivyo mukung’anamulira.” Kweni yikachenjezga kuti: “Pali vinthu vinyake vyakukhumbikwira kuŵa navyo maso.”
Kasi “vinthu” ivi vikukolerana na fundo zakukhumbikwa pakung’anamura Baibolo? Kuyana na ivyo magazini iyi yikuyowoya, nkhwantha zinyake zikuti: ‘Usange tingamba kulemba zina lakuti Yahweh, tingatimbanizga ŵanthu ŵanyake. Ŵangamba kughanaghana kuti ‘Yahweh’ ni Chiuta wachilendo na wambura kumanyikwa, wakupambana na Chiuta uyo ŵakumumanya.’ Baibolo likuyowoya kuti Yehova Chiuta ngwakupambana nadi na ŵachiuta awo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakusopa.—Yesaya 43:10-12; 44:8, 9.
Nkhwantha zinyake za Baibolo zikuti zikulondezga waka ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita kwamba kale pakuwuskamo zina la Chiuta na kuŵikamo chithokozo chakuti “Fumu.” Kweni Yesu wakasuska ŵanthu awo ŵakulondezga waka maluso agho ghakuyuyura Chiuta. (Mateyu 15:6) Nakuti Malemba ghakuyowoyapo yayi kuti ŵanthu ŵafumiskengemo zina la Chiuta na kuŵikamo waka vithokozo. Yesu Khristu wali na vithokozo vinandi, nga ni “Mazgu gha Chiuta” kweniso “Themba la mathemba.” (Chivumbuzi 19:11-16) Ntheura kasi chingaŵa chakwenelera kuwuskamo zina lakuti Yesu na kuŵikamo waka vithokozo?
Nkhani yinyake mu magazini iyo yazunulika yikuti: “Ntchiwemi kuleka waka kulemba zina lakuti ‘Yehova.’” Chifukwa wuli? Magazini iyi yikuti: “Nkhwantha za Baibolo zikugomezga kuti zina lakuti ‘Yahweh’ ndilo likukolerana chomene na umo zina la Chiuta likazunulikiranga pakwamba.” Kweni para tingati tiwone, mazina ghakumanyikwa chomene gha mu Baibolo nga ni Yesaya, Yeremiya, na Yesu ghakuzunulika nga umo ŵeneko Ŵahebere ŵakazunuliranga yayi. Mu Chihebere, Yesaya wakuzunulika kuti Yeshaʽ·yaʹhu, Yeremiya Yir·meyahʹ, ndipo Yesu wakuzunulika kuti Yehoh·shuʹa. Pakuti lizgu lakuti “Yehova” ndiyo nthowa yakwenelera yakulembera zina la Chiuta ndipo ndakumanyikwa chomene, ntheura awo ŵakukana kulizunura ŵalije vifukwa vyakupulikikwa. Vikulongora kuti ŵanyake ŵakukana kuzunura zina la Chiuta chifukwa chakuti ŵakukhumba kuti vikolerane na ivyo ŵakugomezga na kughanaghana, kweni chifukwa cha kulondezga fundo zeneko yayi.
Nkhani yikuru apa nja kalembero yayi. Munthu munyake uyo wakugwira ntchito mu wupu wa UBS ku India, wakalemba vya uheni wa kuwuskamo zina la Chiuta mu Mabaibolo agho pakwamba likasangikangamo. Iyo wakati: “Ŵahindu ŵalije navyo ntchito vithokozo vya Chiuta. Ŵakukhumba kumanya zina leneko la Chiuta. Ŵakuwona kuti para zina lake ŵandalimanye mbwenu pangaŵa pakusuzga kuti ŵaŵe nayo paubwezi.” Nadi, ivi ndivyo ŵanthu wose awo ŵakukhumba kumumanya makora Chiuta ŵakukhumba. Para munthu wamanya zina la Chiuta ndipo wangamumanya makora. Wangamanya kuti Chiuta ni nkhongono waka yayi, kweni ngwanadi ndipo tingaŵa nayo paubwezi. (Ekisodo 34:6, 7) Ntheura Baibolo likuti: “Waliyose uyo wakuchema pa zina la Yehova wazamuponoskeka.” (Ŵaroma 10:13) Awo ŵakusopa Chiuta ŵakwenera kuzunura zina lake.
Baibolo Ilo Likuchindika Chiuta
Chikaŵa chinthu chapadera chomene mu 1950, apo Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya (Mateyu-Chivumbuzi) likafumiskika kakwamba mu Chingelezi. Mu vyaka 10 vyakulondezgapo, ŵakafumiskanga waka vigaŵa vichokovichoko vya Malemba Ghachihebere, agho ŵanandi ŵakuti Testamente Lakale. Kufika mu 1961, Baibolo lose likafumiskika mu Chingelezi. Chakuzirwa chomene ntchakuti Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya lili na zina la Chiuta lakuti “Yehova” mu malo ghose pafupifupi 7,000 mu Testamente Lakale. Kweni chikuru chomene ntchakuti ŵali kuwezgeramo zina la Chiuta mu malo 237 mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, panji kuti “Testamente Lasono.”
Ntchakwenelera nadi kuwezgeramo zina ili chifukwa Chiuta wakuchindikika kweniso ise tikupulikiska makora vinthu vinyake. Chiyelezgero, mu Mabaibolo ghanandi, lemba la Mateyu 22:44 likuti: “Fumu yikati kwa Fumu yane.” Kweni kasi uyo wakayowoyanga na munyake apa wakaŵa njani? Mu Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya, lemba la Mateyu 22:44 likuti: “Yehova wakati kwa Fumu yane,” kutolera mazgu gha pa Salimo 110:1. Ntheura ŵanthu awo ŵakuŵazga vesi ili ŵangapambaniska pakati pa Yehova Chiuta na Mwana wake.
Mbanjani Ŵakang’anamura Baibolo Ili?
Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya likupharazgika na Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, wupu uwo ukwimira Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova. Mu vyaka vyakujumpha handiredi, Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵakupanga na kugaŵira ŵanthu Mabaibolo pa charu chose. Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya mu Chingelezi, ŵakang’anamura Mbakhristu ŵachoko waka awo ŵakaŵa mu komiti yakuchemeka Komiti Yakung’anamura Baibolo mu Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya. Ŵanthu ŵa mu komiti iyi ŵakakhumba yayi kuti ŵamanyikwirepo, ndipo ŵakapempha kuti mazina ghawo ghangazunulikanga yayi nanga ni para ŵangaŵa kuti ŵafwa.—1 Ŵakorinte 10:31.
Chifukwa wuli Baibolo ili likuchemeka la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya? Mu mazgu ghakwamba mu Baibolo Lachingelezi ilo likafumiskika mu 1950, komiti iyi yikalongosora kuti zina ili likukolerana na chigomezgo chakuti ŵanthu ŵali “pafupi kunjira mu charu chiphya” icho chikuzunulika pa 2 Petrosi 3:13. Komiti iyi yikalembaso kuti “mu nyengo yino apo tikufuma mu charu chakale kuya mu charu chiphya chaurunji,” ntchakukhumbikwa chomene kuti awo ŵakung’anamura Mabaibolo ŵawoneseskenge kuti “unenesko weneko wa Mazgu gha Chiuta” ukuŵala.
Baibolo Lakung’anamulika Makora
Komiti iyi yikaŵikapo mtima kuti ying’anamure makora Baibolo ili kuyana na fundo zeneko izo zikaŵa mu viyowoyero vyakwambilira. Awo ŵakang’anamuranga Baibolo ili mu Chingelezi ŵakang’anamura kufuma ku Chihebere, Chiaramu, na Chigiriki. Ŵakagwiliskira ntchito Mabaibolo ghawemi chomene agho ghakaŵapo. * Ŵakayezgayezga kung’anamura ndendende kuyana na umo fundo zake ziliri mu viyowoyero vyakwambilira. Kweni ŵakalemba mu mazgu ghapusu, agho ŵanthu ŵanandi mazuŵa ghano ŵangasuzgika yayi kupulika.
Ntchakuzizika yayi kuti nkhwantha zinyake za Baibolo zikulumba Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya chifukwa chakuti lili kung’anamulika makora, kwambura kusazgirako panji kuwuskako. Mu 1989, nkhwantha ya chiyowoyero cha Chihebere ku Israel, pulofesa Benjamin Kedar, wakati: “Pa ntchito yane ya kuwona umo Baibolo Lachihebere liliri na kuyaniska umo ŵanthu ŵali kung’anamulira mu viyowoyero vinyake, kanandi nkhuwona mu Baibolo Lachingelezi la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya. Nyengo zose para nkhuwona mu Baibolo ili, nkhukhorwa kuti awo ŵakang’anamura Baibolo ili ŵakaŵikapo mtima kulemba fundo zeneko kuyana na umo ziliri mu viyowoyero vyakwambilira.”
Kung’anamulira Baibolo mu Viyowoyero Vinyake
Chifukwa cha ivyo tayowoya, Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵali na Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya mu viyowoyero vinyake padera pa Chingelezi. Pasono, Baibolo ili lang’anamulika lose panji chigaŵa waka mu viyowoyero vyakujumpha 125. Pakukhumba kung’anamura Baibolo ili mu viyowoyero vinyake, pali kunozgeka nthowa yakung’anamulira Baibolo pa kompyuta. Nthowa iyi yikovwira awo ŵakung’anamura Baibolo kuti ŵamanye mazgu ghose agho ghakusangika mu Baibolo na kughang’anamura. Paliso Dipatimenti Yakovwira Ŵakung’anamura. Wupu Wakulongozga wa Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova, kwizira mu Komiti Yakulemba Mabuku, ndiwo ukulaŵilira ntchito ya kung’anamura Baibolo. Kweni kasi ntchito iyi yikuchitika wuli?
Chakwamba, pakusankhika Ŵakhristu ŵakujipeleka kuti ŵang’anamulire Baibolo. Ukaboni ukulongora kuti usange awo ŵakung’anamura ŵakugwilira ntchito pamoza, buku ilo ŵakung’anamura likuŵa lakulongosoka, kuluska ilo wangang’anamura munthu payekha. (Zintharika 11:14) Kanandi, awo ŵakuŵa mu gulu la kung’anamura Baibolo ni awo ŵang’anamurapo nyengo yitali mabuku gha Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova. Kufuma apo, gulu ilo lasankhika likusambizgika fundo zakovwira pakung’anamura Baibolo kweniso umo lingagwiliskira ntchito mapulogiramu gha pakompyuta agho ghali kunozgeka kovwira pa ntchito iyi.
Awo ŵakung’anamura Baibolo ŵakuphalirika kuti ŵachite umo ŵangafiskira pakung’anamura fundo zaunenesko kweniso munthowa yakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵangapulikiska luŵiro. Ŵang’anamulire lizgu pa lizgu usange vikupulikikwa, kweni ŵaleke kutimbanizga ng’anamuro la mazgu agho ghakaŵa mu viyowoyero vyakwambilira. Kasi ŵakuchita wuli ivi? Ghanaghanirani vya Baibolo ilo lafuma sono. Awo ŵakang’anamuranga ŵakamba dankha kusanga mazgu gha Chitumbuka agho ng’anamuro lake ndimoza na mazgu ghakurughakuru gha mu Baibolo Lachingelezi la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya. Kufuma apo, pulogiramu ya pakompyuta yikalongoranga mazgu gha mu Baibolo agho ng’anamuro lake ndimoza kweniso agho ghakuyanako ng’anamuro. Yikalongorangaso Chigiriki panji Chihebere uko mazgu Ghachingelezi ghakatoleka mwakuti awo ŵakang’anamuranga ŵamanye umo mazgu agha ghakang’anamulikira mu malo ghanyake. Vyose ivi vikawovwira chomene awo ŵakang’anamuranga pakusankha mazgu ghakwenelera gha Chitumbuka. Para ŵakung’anamura aŵa ŵakolerana, mbwenu ŵakwamba kung’anamura Baibolo. Pakung’anamura vesi lililose, kompyuta yikizanga na mazgu gha Chitumbuka agho ŵakasankha.
Kweni kung’anamura nkhuwuskapo waka mazgu ghachingelezi na kuŵikamo ghachitumbuka yayi. Pakaŵa ntchito yikuru pakukhumba kuwoneseska kuti mazgu gha Chitumbuka agho ŵakasankha ghakukolerana nadi na fundo iyo yikuyowoyeka pa vesi ilo kweniso mu nkhani yose. Ŵakawoneseska kuti ŵakulondezga malango gha kalembero kweniso kuti masentesi ghalembeka kuyana na umo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoyera. Para mungaŵazga Baibolo ili, ndipo mungagomezga nadi kuti ntchito yikaŵapo. Mu Baibolo la Chitumbuka la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya, Mazgu gha Chiuta ghalembeka munthowa yambura kusuzga kuŵazga, ghakupulikikwa makora, kweniso ghalembeka kuyana na ng’anamuro leneko ilo likaŵa mu viyowoyero vyakwambilira. *
Tikumupemphani kuti muliŵazge mwakufwasa Baibolo ili la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya na kujiwonera mwekha. Mungalisanga ku awo ŵakupanga magazini iyi panji ku mpingo wa Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova. Muŵe na chigomezgo chose kuti ivyo mukuŵazga mu Baibolo ili ni mazgu gheneko gha Chiuta mu chiyowoyero chinu. Tikukayika yayi kuti namwe muzomerezgenge kuti kufumiskika kwa Baibolo ili chikaŵa chinthu chapadera nadi!
^ ndime 24 Pakung’anamura mabuku gha Mateyu m’paka Chivumbuzi, ŵakagwiliskira ntchito Testamente Lasono mu Chigiriki Chakwambilira (The New Testament in the Original Greek,) lakulembeka na Westcott na Hort. Pakung’anamura mabuku gha Genizesi m’paka Malaki ŵakagwiliskira ntchito Baibolo Lachihebere (Biblia Hebraica) lakulembeka na R. Kittel. Kweniso mu 2013, pakunozgaso Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Charu Chiphya mu Chingelezi, ŵakagwiliskira ntchito mipukutu yinyake yakale iyo ŵakuti yikalembeka m’ma 100 na 200 C.E. Ŵakatoleraso ivyo nkhwantha za Baibolo zabowozga sonosono apa, nga ni ivyo Nestle na Aland ndiposo ŵa United Bible Societies ŵali kulemba.
^ ndime 30 Kuti mumanye fundo zinyake zakovwira pakung’anamura Baibolo kweniso vigaŵa vya Baibolo ili la Chitumbuka, wonani vyakusazgirapo A1 na A2 cha kuumaliro wa Baibolo ili.
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