Ostrelia
Ostrelia (Australia) oa bikpela nem, Commonwealth of Australia i wanpla kantri long bikpela ailan blong Pasifik. Em i gat ailan Tasmania na planti moa liklik ailan. Em i stap namba sikis bikpela kantri long ol blong olgeta sais long ples. Klostu ol kantri i stap Indonisia, Is Timor na Papua Niugini long not, Solomon Ailans na Vanuatu long not-is na Niu Silan long sot-is.
Long Janueri 1, 1901, Ostrelia i tanim long independan kantri. Ostrelia i gat klostu 24 milien pipol na long Praim Minista nau i Scott Morrison.
Bipo British i kam long Ostrelia, ol Aboriginal pipol i blong hia klostu 40'000 (poten tausen) yia bipo. Ol i tokim moa long 250 (tu-handet na faivten) tokok lain. Ostrelia i nogat astok blong gavman, tasol ol kantri toktok i Tok Inglis. Ol narapla toktok i Tok Saina, Australian Kriol, Torres Strait Creole na sampla Indigenous toktok olsem Warlpiri, Tiwi, Is Arrernte na Pitjantjatjara.
Ostrelia i bikpela kantri na i gat planti mani wantaim sampla narapla ol kantri na em i gat namba tentu bikpela ekonomi long ol. Ostrelia i memba wantaim United Nations, G20, Commonwealth of Nations, World Trade Organization, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation na Pacific Islands Forum.
Tok Blong Bipo[senisim | edit source]
Pipol i bin sindaun long Ostrelia bikgraun i nabaut 42'000 na 48'000 (poten tausen na poten-et tausen) yia bipo, ating wantaim pipol i kam blong ol graun-bris wataim ples olsem Papua Niugini na Ostrelia i bin wanpela ples olgeta. Nabaut 1800 ol yia, pipol blong Yurop i kam, wataim kanaka blong Ostrelia i bin gat planti long bikpela pasin.
Nambawan taim European i bin lukim Ostrelia ples, na nambawan taim European i bin sanap long Ostrelia graun i bikos Dutch man, Willem Janszoon. Em i bin lukim nambis blong Cape York Poin long bipotaim 1606.
Nabaut 1770, James Cook i salim long sip abrus na rekot is nambis wanem em i kolim 'New South Wales' (Nupela Saut Wels) na givim long Yunaitet Kingdom. Wantaim Yunaitet Kingdom lusim Amerika ples blong em long taim blong 1783, so Gavman blo em i salim wanpla lain long sip kolim 'First Fleet' (Nambawan Lain long Sip) wanem i gat kalabusman blong Inglan na bringim ol i long Ostrelia. Ol sip i ananit bos long Kapten Arthur Phillip na mekim nupela ples blong em long New South Wales. Ol i sanapim long Sydney Cove long 26th Janueri 1788 wanem i Kantri De blong Ostrelia kolim Ostrelia De.
Ol kanaka blo Ostrelia i bin gat namba nabaut 750'000 na 1'000'000 (seven handet na faivten tausen, na wan milien) bipo ol Yuropmanmeri i kam long hap, tasol bihain Yurop i statim, namba long indigenous i go daun tru, planti olsem sik i bringim long nupela Yurop pipol. Wanpla nupela gavman pepa i statim wantaim Aboriginal Protection Act 1869 (Pepa lo Lukautim blong Aboriginal pipol 1869) wanem i ansaim planti pikinini i tekewe long ol famili na komuniti - planti taim despla pipol i kolim Stolen Generation (Pipol i bin Tekewe) - wanpla tingting wanem i wokim poret namba long indigenous i go daun. Long 1967 Gavman long Ostrelia i mekim nupela loa long lukautim na nais poret Aboriginal pipol.
Ol Stet na Teritori[senisim | edit source]
Ostrelia i gat sikispela stet; New South Wales (NSW Niu Saut Wels), Queensland (QLD Kwinslan), South Australia (SA Saut Ostrelia), Victoria (VIC Viktoria), Tasmania (TAS Tasmenia) na Western Australia (WA Wes Ostrelia), na tupela bikpela graunples teritori, Australian Capital Territory (ACT Kapitol Teritori bilong Ostrelia) na Northern Territory (NT Noten Teritori). Long planti taim, em tupela teritori i wokim olsem stet, tasol i lukim olsem teritori.
Ostrelia tu gat sampla longwe ples blong Ostrelia Gavman i kolim, Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Asmor na Kartia Ailans), Australian Antarctic Territory (Antartik Teritori blong Ostrelia), Christmas Island (Krismas Ailan), Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Kokos (Kiling) Ailans), Coral Sea Islands (Koral Si Ailans), Heard and McDonald Islands (Herd na Mikdonal Ailans) na Jervis Bay Territory (Jevis Be Teritori).
Norfok Ailan i tu wanpla autsait teritori blong Ostrelia, tasol Norfolk Island Act 1979 i givim en moa independans na i stap lokal i lukautim ailan, tasol em i stap ananit Ostrelian bos liklik.
Biktaun bilong Ostrelia[senisim | edit source]
- Adalet - Adelaide
- Brisben - Brisbane
- Dawin - Darwin
- Gol Kos - Gold Coast
- Hobat - Hobart
- Kambra - Canberra
- Kens - Cairns
- Lonseston - Launceston
- Melban - Melbourne
- Niukasel - Newcastle
- Olbri - Albury
- Pet - Perth
- Sanlait Kos - Sunshine Coast
- Sentral Kos - Central Coast
- Sielong - Geelong
- Sidni - Sydney
- Taunsvil - Townsville
Environment[senisim | edit source]
Ostrelia i gat plantikain long graun na bus na i kolim 'megadiverse country' (kantri i gat planti bus tru). Bikos Ostrelia i olpela tru, em gat plantikain long ol animal wanem i blong Ostrelia tasol. Nabaut 85% long bus i plaua i painim long Ostrelia tasol (i kolim 'endemic') na 84% long mamal (kainkain long animal i dringim susu wataim em pikinini tasol), moa long 45% long pisin na 89% long pis (kainkain nogat stap long solwara tasol), ol i endemic. Tu, Ostrelia gat moa kain long palai long ol wol, wantaim 755 (seven handet na faivten-faiv) kainkain long em.
Tasol Ostrelia i lusim ol displa kainkain bikos long tumas pipol na ol i bosim Environment na bus. Tasol Ostrelia i gat gut Environment loa na i stap traim long helpim Environment.
Referens[senisim | edit source]
- ↑ The Macquarie Dictionary
- ↑ Collins English Dictionary. Bishopbriggs, Glasgow: HarperCollins. 2009. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-00-786171-2.
- ↑ Population clock. Australian Bureau of Statistics website. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved on 1 January 2011. The population estimate shown is automatically calculated daily at 00:00 UTC and is based on data obtained from the population clock on the date shown in the citation.
- ↑ Templet:Census 2006 AUS
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Australia. IMF website. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved on 6 October 2010.
- ↑ Distribution of family income – Gini index. The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved on 2009-09-01.
- ↑ Human Development Report 2010. United Nations (2010). Retrieved on 4 November 2010.
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