Kuphiwa kwe Tinyosi Teluju
Tinyosi teluju tidzinga kudla kuze tikhone kuphila phindze nekukhicita. Tidzinga emacarbohydrates (shukela losentfweni lengemanti noma luju), amino acid (emaprotein lasuka kulokuyimphuphu lokumtfubi), emalipids (esidi lenemafutsa, emasterols), emavitamin, emaminerals (luswayi) kanye nemanti.
Tinyosi teluju tidzinga kudla lokuvutsiwe ngetintfo temphuphu leyelo yetitjalo kuze tikhone kwakha ema enzymes lamaningi lahlukene. Lawa ema enzymmes amcoka kubuyisa imitimba yato kusuka kutilwanyana letincane kanye netifo bese yakha lokucinile kanye netindlela letalako temijovo etimbeni. Kuvame kutsi indlela lephansi levikelisiwe, lechubela ekulambeni nekungatfoli kahle kwekudla nguyona ndlela lenkhulu leyenta kufa kwetinyosi.
Tinyosi leticinile letiphiwa kahle kudla tivama kuphila ngesikhatsi sesomiso kanye nasebusika kantsi netinyosi letiningi letincane kunaleto letingakatfoli kudla kwekungetetelwa.
Kumele Utiphe Nini Tinyosi
Kuphiwa kwetinyosi kubalulekile uma umhlambi wetinyosi uphansi ngekudla kwekugcinwa nanome kukhona kudla lokuncane. eNingizimu Afrika, kungaba ngu 12% wendzawo lengasetjentiswa ekukhicitweni kwenhlanyelo lefana netihlahla tetitselo, tibe tinyosi temvelo tiyaluka kudla lokufana ne fynbos eWestern Cape lapho kukaleke khona. Kudla kwemvelo kuncishiswa somiso kanye nemililo yasemahlatsini.
Luju lolusemabhokisini etinysi yindlela yekudla etinyosini ngesikhatsi setinyanga tasebusika futsi nangaletinye tikhatsi tekushoda kwalokunongotoleka lokusamantana-titjalo letivutsiwe tetimbali. Ngesikhatsi sesomoso noma ngesikhatsi lokunongotelako kungekho, tinyosi tisebentisa loluju lolugcinwe kulamabhokisi kuze tikhone kuphila. Kuvame kutsi kudla kwekungetetela lokunikwa tinyosi kuyadzingeka ngemuva kwekuvunwa kweluju.
Ngulapho ke kubaluleke khona logcinatinyosi kutsi ahlale agadzile linani lweluju kulelibhokisi kwentela kubuka umangabe kudla kwekungetetelwa kubalulekile noma umangabe lamabhokisi adzinga kususwa aye endzaweni lenekudla kwemvelo lokuningi.
Kudla kwekungetetelwa kuvame kunikwa ngaphambi kwemsebenti lobeyinkinga kufana nekuvunwa kweluju, kususa lamabhokisi kwentela umsebenti wemphuphu lemtfubi yetitjalo phindze nangaphambi kwekuhlukanisa umhlambi.
Kudla kwekungetetelwa kungaphucula lomhlambi kanye nemphilo yalendlovukati yalomhlambi.
Yini Longayinika Tinyositeluju?
Tinyosi tidzingga emacarbohydrates (shukela) nemaprotein (imphuphu lemtfubi yetitjalo).
emaCarbohydrates asetjentiswa kugcina lesimo sekushisa semtimba wenyosi kanye nesimo sangekhatsi salamabhokisi.
Tinyosi tiphindze tidzinge lemphuphu lemtfubi njengendlela yemaprotein, emavitamin, emamineral kanye nalamanye emacarbohydrates. Imphuphu lemtfubi isetjentiswa kukhicita ijelly yebukhosi lebese iphiwa lendlovukati kanye nebantfwabayo.
Kupha Tinyosi – Shukela
Ungatiphi tinyosi luju ngaphandle naliphuma ebhokisini lakho. Tifo tetinyosi kufana ne American foulbrood ingatselelana ngaleluju futsi kungenta tifo ebhokisini lakho. Phindze, lokunuka kweluju kungakhanga tinyosi letigangako kutsi tingene kulelibhokisi.
Ungamane utiphe shukela lomhlophe wasetafuleni noma sitaputapu lesakhiwe ngashukela nemanti. Ungasebenti shukela njengoba anjalo, shukela lonsundvu noma emamolasses njengoba loku kwenta umsheko etinyosini.
Labanye bagcini betinyosi bacolela sikali sayinye incenye yashukela kuya kuyinye incenye yemanti (le 1:1 ledvungako) babelabanye bacolela sitaputapuu lesitiyile setincenye letimbili tashukela kuya kuyinye incenye yemanti (2:1). Emanti lafutfumele ayasita ekuncibikiseni shukela, keppha kuhlanganiswa kwashukela kumele kungashisiswa noma kungabiliswa njengoba loku kutowenta loshukela unambutele.
Ngalokuphelele, i1:1 yesitaputapu ingangetetela kugcinwa kweluju phindze ivusetele imihlambi kutsi ikhicite bantfwana labasha betinyosi. Sitaputapu lesitiyile sisetjentiswa kunika kudla ngesikhatsi luju lolugciniwe ebhokisini luphansi. Kuyacwayiswa kucale kunikwa lokungaba lilitha lesitaputapu salokunongotelako. Loku kungaba ngulokwenele kwemalanga lambalwa.
Beka lesitaputapuu etreyini leligubhe kancane ngaphansi kwesivalo salelibhokisi bese ubeka tintsana tetjani, tinswati noma ematje kwentela kutsi letinyosi tikhone kufika kulesitaputapu lesinongotelako ngaphandle kwekungena noma ticwile.
Kunika Tinyosi – Imphuphu Lemtfubi
Imphuphu lemtfubi ilungele kunikwa ngebuningi bayo-lebamba titjalo endzaweni yinye yalelibhokisi kepha kushoda kungavela ekucaleni kwentfwasahlobbo. Tinyositeluju ticolela imphuphu lemtfubi letfwele iprotein lengetulu kwa 25%. Tintfo te mphuphu lemtfubi tifaka imbaliyelilanga (14%), eucalyptus (20%) ne Nhlaba ye davyana (28%). Imphuphu lemtfubi ye Canola inekufana ngekuphakama kwemaprotein ngetigaba.
Ngetikhatsi tebumatima, imphuphu lemtfubi ingaba sengetetelo ngekusebentisa lokumelele lemphuphu lemtfubi (tsenga etintfweni tekunika tinyosi) noma kumphuphu yemvelo. Imphuphu lemtfubi ingaphindze itfwale phindze itselele tifo tetinyosi ngakoke nawungetetela ngemphuphu yemvelo, cokelela imphuphu lesuka emhlambini locinile futsi lote tifo.
Dokotela Eric C. Mussen, we Nyuvesi yase California Davis, lese USA naye inconota kutsi tiphiwe umhidvo lophekiwe, lokumantana lokubita kancane lokufana nemphuphu lemtfubi ngekutfwala emanutrition. Kungadliwa komile nguletinyosi, kepha tikukhona kahle uma kunalokufana nebhata yemantongomane. Labancane labagcinatinyosi (labanemabhokisi lambalwa) bangahlanganisa kwekuvubela nesitaputapu sashukela lesingu 50%. Gocotela ephepheni le wax noma esikhwameni selipulasitiki kwentela kukugcina kumantana.
Umfuyi wase Paarl Nico Langenhoven utfole kutsi kutinika imphuphu lemtfubi lehlanganisiwe nga 5 kuya ku 10% weluju (lonikwa labantfwana ngekushesha lokudvute kulabantfwana) kusebenta kahle. Loku kwashiwo, sebentisa lamabhokisi aleluju hhayi loluju loluphuma ngaphandle kwelibhokisi njengoba kungaletsa tifo.
Translated by Phindile Malotana
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