Umbuso weSwatini
Umbuso weSwatini (kaNgwane, eSwatini), live leliseningizimu nelivekati lase Afrika. Live lakaNgwane lincane ngebubanti, kantsi likakwe live lase Ningizimu Afrika enyakatfo, ngentansi, nangasenshonalanga. Emphumalanga likakwe live laseMozambique. Bukhulu belive lakaNgwane litinkhulungwane letilishumi nesikhombisa, emakhulu lamatsatfu, emashumi lasitfupha nalamane ema km2 (17,364). Noma lingalikhulu kangako, lelive lihluka ngetigaba letine tekwakheka kwemhlaba. Leti tatiwa ngekutsi yinkhangala, lihlandze, tintsaba telubombo, kanye nenkhabave.
Live laseSwatini libitwa ngaleligama, ngenca yeNgwenyama Mswati II lobekalibusa lelive kusukela nga 1840 kuze kube ngu 1868. Ekubuseni kwakhe, lelive walincoba, wabuye walihlanganisa. Njengalamanye emave aseAfrika, live lakaNgwane labuswa ngulabamhlophe. Kwatsi nasekwendlule impi yemaBhunu nemaNgisi eNingizimu Afrika, live laseSwatini labuswa ngemaNgisi kwaze kwaba ngu 1968. Emvakwaloko, labese litfola inkhululeko. Lamuhla live lakaNgwane linebukhosi, liphetfwe yiNgwenyama Mswati III kanye neNdlovukati Ntfombi Tfwala. Hulumende welive ubukwe ngundvuna nkhulu lobekwa Silo. Inhlokodolobha yakaNgwane kuseMbabane, kantsi sigodlo nephalamende yelive kukaLobamba. Lidolobha lelikhulu kukaManzini.
Kwetemnotfo, laseSwatini libonywa lilive lelisatfutfuka. Nakubukwa umnotfo wemuntfu amunye lawutfola emnyake, kubalwa imali lenganga $6,367. Liyatimbandzakanya nalamanye emave eticuketfweni letinjenge Southern African Customs Union(SACU) kanye neCOMESA. Liyaye litsengiselane tintfo letinyenti nemave lanjenge Melika, emave lase Europe, kanye neNingizimu Afrika. Empeleni, nemali yakaNgwane, lilangeni limisane kanye nemali yaseNingizimu Afrika, liRandi.
Bantfu bakaNgwane, linengi labo ngeMaswati, kubuye kube nalabambalwa labaphunga ngaphandle. Bantfu eveni lakaNgwane babalelwa esigidzini sinye, tinkhulungwane letingemashumi nelushiyagalombili, emakhulu lamane, emashumi lamane kanye nemfica (1,018,449), inombolo leyatsatfwa esibalweni semnyaka wa 2009.
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Live lakaNgwane kusukela endvulo belinebantfu labebahlale kulo. Loku kubonakaliswa yimidvwebo lemidzala, isolelwa kutsi yentiwa ngeminyaka yabo 25,000 BC. Lemidvwebo lesematjeni itfolakala etindzaweni letehlukahlukene eveni.
Bantfu lebebahlala kulelive endvulo bekungema Khoisan, lebatiwa kutsi batingeli. Kwatsi ngemuva kwesikhatsi lesidze, labatingeli basuswa nguletinye tive letichamuka ngenhla, etindzaweni letinjengabo Tanzania nabo Kenya lamuhla. Labantfu laba bekubeNguni nebaSutfu, kutsiwa bangena kulelive ngemnyaka wa 400 AD. EmaSwati lebekwatiwa ngekutsi bakaNgwane, bachamuka le kaTembe, bangena kulelive ngeminyaka yabo 1700. Labantfu bakaNgwane bebaholwa nguNgwane wesitsatfu nabafika eShiselweni. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1815, inkhosi Somhlolo yatsatsa bukhosi. Ngalesi sikhatsi bekunebuvunguvungu eveni, ngenca yetimphi nebakaNdwandwe. Kwatsi kulesikhatsi, Somhlolo wasuka eShiselweni wabese wakha sigodlo sakhe kaZombodze losenkhabave. Ngaleyondlela, wakhona kutsi ativikele ekuhlaselweni tive temaZulu netive takaNdwandwe.
Live lakaNgwane lamuhla latiwa ngekutsi kuseSwatini. Loku kungenca yenkhosi Mswati wesibili, lobekabusa lelive kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1840 kuze kube ngu 1868. Mswati bekatiwa njengenkhosi lebeyilwa timphi letinengi. Ngaphansi kwakhe, live laseSwatini landza labuya lahlangana laba munye. LamaSwati emdzabu leta nemakhosi akaDlamini, aba mdzibi munye nemaSwati lakhandvwa kulelive, lekwatiwa kutsi ngemakhandzambili, kanye nemaSwati lafika ngemuva.
Kufika kwalabamhlophe evenikati leningizimu Afrika, kwalitsintsa live lakaNgwane, nebantfu balo. EmaNgisi akuhlonipha kutiphatsa kwemaSwati ngemnyaka wa 1881, ngesikhatsi letinye tive temaAfrika betincotjwa ngalapha nangalapha. Loku kutiphatsa kwabuye kwagcizelelwa ngemnyaka wa 1884 emkhatsisini wemaSwati, emaNgisi, kanye nemaBhunu. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1894, live lakaNgwane labekwa ngephansi kwelive lemaBhunu, kwodvwa abazange babe nahulumende lophelele. Loku kwagcina ngemnyaka wa 1899 lapho khona kwabhoboka imphi emkhatsisini wemaNgisi nemaBhunu. Naseyengcile lenamphi, nemaNgisi sekancobile, live lakaNgwane laba ngephansi kwemaNgisi kusukela nga 1903 kuze kube ngu 1968, nalitfola inkhululeko.
Kwatsi live lakaNgwane selitfole inkhululeko, laba nahulumende loholwa yinkhosi yelive Sobhuza wesibili, asekelwa yiphalamende. Lena phalamende beyikhetfwa elukhatfweni lebelubanjwa njalo emvakweminyaka lesihlanu. loku kwachubeka kwaze kwafika umnyaka wa 1973 lapho silo sawucitsa umtsetfo sisekelo, sabusa sodvwa. Kwaze kwaba ngu 1978 lapho khona kwaba nelukhetfo lobelusebentisa indlela lensha yetinkhundla. Inkhosi Sobhuza yakhotsama ngemnyaka wa 1982. Kwatsi ngekukhotsama kwembube, indlovukati Dzeliwe yabese iyabusa imele kutsi kufike sikhatsi sekukhetfwa nebubekwa kwenkhosi lensha. Lokubusa kwaDzeliwe kwaba kufisha ngenca yemphikisano lebeyenteka ebandleni leliphakeme, lelatiwa ngekutsi liqoqo. Leli libandla beliholwa ngumntfwanenkhosi Sozisa. Dzeliwe wakhweshiswa esihlalweni, kwabekwa inkhosikati laTfwala. Makhosetive, lebekungumntfwana loyedvwa walaTfwala, wabese utsatsa bukhosi nga 1986. Nakatsatsa bukhosi wabese watiwa ngekhutsi nguMswati wesitsatfu (Mswati III).
Kuguculwa kweligama[hlela | edit source]
Live laseSwatini belatiwa nge Swaziland iminyaka leminyenti, kantsi emaSwati lamanyenti bekangahambisani naleligama ngenca yekutsi lifaka siZulu (Swazi) kanye nesingisi ( Land).[1] Kutse ngekuhlanganisa kweminyaka kwengwenyama Makhosetive wabese watisa emhlaba kutsi live laseSwatini selitowatiwa ngekutsi kuseSwatini. Letinye tizatfu latinikile ngikutsi ligama lelitsi Swaziland lifana nalelive lelitsi Switzerland. [2] [3]
Mayelana neSwatini[hlela | edit source]
- Siga sesive :Siyinqaba.
- Lihubo lesive: Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati.
- Inhlokodolobha:
- Linani leBantfu eMbabane: 70.000 (2003).
- 26°19' S 31°8' E.
- Bomakhelwane: iMozambikhi, IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika.
- Tilwimi letisemtsetfweni:
- INgwenyama: Mswati III.
- Indovuzaki: Ntfombi.
- Mengamli: Themba Dlamini.
- 17.363 Km2.
- Linani leBantfu: 1.104.343 (2001).
- 65 bantfu/km2.
- PIB: 5.646.000.000 USD (2005).
- Lilangeni.
- Likhodi Le-inthanethi: ".sz".
Lihubo lesive[hlela | edit source]
- Nkulunkulu, mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati,
- Síyatibonga tonkhe tinhlanhla;
- Sibonga iNgwenyama yetfu,
- Live, netintsaba, nemifula.
- Busisa tiphatsimandla takaNgwane;
- Nguwe wedvwa Somandla wetfu.
- Sinike kuhlakanipha lokungenabucili;
- Simise, usicinise, Simakadze.
Tifundza takaNgwane[hlela | edit source]
ISwatini inetifundza letine: Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni. Batehlukanisa ngetinkhundla (55), batehlukanisa ngemiphakatsi.
Emadolôbha[hlela | edit source]
Bantfu (2005):
- Lobamba (ngwenyama): 4.557.
- ÉMbábáne: 70.000 (2003).
- Manzini: 73.000 (2003).
- Nhlangano: 9.016.
- Siteki: 6.152.
- Big Bend: 10.342.
- Malkerns: 9.724.
- Mhlume: 8.652.
- Hluti: 6.763.
- Simunye: 6.512.
- Pigg's Peak: 5.750.
- Ngomane: 4.511.
EmaSwati[hlela | edit source]
Tilwimi[hlela | edit source]
Kune tilwimi:
- siSwati (letisemtsetfweni).
- síNgísi (letisemtsetfweni).
- síZulu. kúkhulúma: 76.000 bantfu.
- síTsonga. kúkhulúma: 19.000 bantfu.
Lilangeni[hlela | edit source]
- 1 Lilangeni = 100 Cents.
- Cents: 1c, 2c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, 100c.
- Emalangeni: 1L, 2E, 5E, 10E, 20E, 50E, 100E, 200E.
- ISO: SZL.
- 1 Euro = 7,05 SZL (2007).
- 1 USD = 9,54 SZL (2007).
Kufuna[hlela | edit source]
Kubopha[hlela | edit source]
- Umbuso weSwatini iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- CIA: Umbuso weSwatini (síNgísi),
- Sawubona Umbuso weSwatini (síNgísi).
- Umbuso weSwatini (news) (síNgísi).
- Umbuso weSwatini iwebhusayithi (news) (síNgísi).
- Youngheroes: Umbuso weSwatini & AIDS.
Fauna & Flora[hlela | edit source]
Emarefarensi[hlela | edit source]
- ↑ https://www.news24.com/Africa/News/how-much-will-it-cost-swaziland-to-change-its-name-to-eswatini-20180420
- ↑ https://www.news24.com/Africa/News/changing-swazilands-name-wont-happen-overnight-and-wont-be-costly-says-govt-20180423
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/19/swaziland-king-renames-country-kingdom-of-eswatini
- ↑ Eswatini – People and Society – The CIA World Factbook 2020 2020-07
- ↑ World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations 2020
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