Umkhonto weSizwe
Umkhonto we Sizwe lophindze watiwe ngekutsi i "MK" bekuliphiko letempi te African National Congress (ANC), kantsi lomunye wesunguli balo ngu Nelson Mandela ngemuva kwesehlakalo sekubulawa kwebantfu e Sharpeville. lenye intfo leyenta kwasungulwa leliphiko bekungukutsi I ANC beyingasakhoni kuchubeka netinkulumiswano tekucedza libandlululo kanye nekuyinyova ngekuthula ngaphandle kweludlame. Injongo ye ANC bekukulwa nelubandlululo nobe ngabe kutsatsani.[1] Ngemuva kwekunika sicwayiso umbuso welubandlululo ngenyanga ya Lweti 1961, umbuso awumange ubatsatsele enhloko, wachubeka ngencindzetelo yebantfu labamnyama, ngulapho ke licembu lwe Mkhonto weSizwe lahlela laphindze lahlasela kwekucala mhlaka 16 Ingongoni 1961. Lokuhlasela loku umbuso welubandlululo wakubona njenge kuvukela umbuso kantsi yona I MK yabonwa njengelicembu lwemavukela mbuso I Ningizimu Afrika kanye ne Melika.[2]
Emahhovisi awo Umkhonto bekase Rivonia e Johannesburg sikhatsi lesidze , kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1963 baholi bayo labangu 19 baboshwa lokufaka phakatsi bo Arthur Goldreich kanye na Walter Sisulu, baboshwa e ensimini yase Liliesleaf farm e Rivonia.[3] Umnikati walelisimu bekungu Arthur Goldreich kantsi latsengwa ngemali ye South African Communist Party kanye ne ANC. Lokutsengwa lalindzawo yase Liliesleaf kwenteka ngoba bantfu labamnyama bebangakavumeleki kuhlala etindzaweni tebantfu labamhlophe ngaphansi kwemtsetfo lobewatiwa nge Group Areas Act. Kwatsi bonke labaholi bangaboshwa babese baya gwetjwa ecaleni lebelatiwa nge Rivonia Trial. Wilton Mkwayi wakhona kufohla ejele wabaleka kusatsetfwa lelicala.
Kwatsi nakufika inkululeko e Ningizimu Afrika ngo 1994, I MK yafakwa ngaphansi kweliphiko lwetekuvikela takhona e Ningizimu Afrika.[4]
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