ASƐM A ƐDA SO
Mfe Ahe na Wubetumi Adi?
BERE a Harriet wui wɔ afe 2006 mu no, na wadi bɛyɛ mfe 175. Nanso na Harriet nyɛ onipa. Ná ɔyɛ akyekyere a ɔwɔ mmoa yɛmmea a ɛwɔ Galapagos supɔw so wɔ Australia. Sɛ wode Harriet toto yɛn ho a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ onyinii yiye. Nanso sɛ wɔde no toto abɔde afoforo ho a, ɛnde na wannyin ammoro so biara. Susuw nhwɛso ahorow bi ho hwɛ.
Nhwehwɛmufo a wɔwɔ Finland kyerɛ sɛ, nsu mu adɔde betumi adi mfe 200.
Po mu adɔde taa di boro mfe 100, na wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ otumi di boro mfe 400.
Nnua ahorow te sɛ bristlecone pine, sequoia nnua akɛse, ne kwabɔhɔrɔ nnua ahorow bi ne spruce, tumi di mfe mpempem pii.
Nanso nnipa a wobu yɛn sɛ yɛkorɔn sen abɔde ahorow nyinaa wɔ asase so no, yɛanyin paa na yebedi mfe 80 anaa 90
Wususuw ho dɛn
So Nyansahu Betumi Aboa?
Adebɔ ho nyansahu aboa paa ma nnipa akwahosan ne mfiri a wɔde yɛ nyarewa mu nhwehwɛmu anya nkɔanim. Scientific American nsɛmma nhoma ka sɛ, “[wɔ United States no,] nnipa kakraa bi na nsanyare kunkum wɔn anaa wɔkɔ awo so a, wɔhwere wɔn nkwa. Efi afe 1960 reba no, nkokoaa a wɔhwere wɔn nkwa no so atew bɛyɛ ɔha mu nkyem 75.” Nanso nyansahufo ntumi ntoo nnipa nkwa nna mu. Nsɛmma nhoma koro no ara foforo ka sɛ, “Nhwehwɛmu a wɔde mfe pii ayɛ nyinaa akyi no, wonhu nea ɛde nkwakoraabɔ ne mmerewabɔ ba.” Nanso, “adanse a ɛwɔ hɔ kyerɛ sɛ sɛ awosu mu nneɛma bi ankɔ yiye sɛnea ɛfata a, ɛma nipadua no gurow.” Nsɛmma nhoma no toa so sɛ: “Sɛ mpanyinyɛ fi awosu mu a, ɛnde ebetumi aba sɛ da bi, wobetumi asiw ano.”
“Nhwehwɛmu a wɔde mfe pii ayɛ nyinaa akyi no, wonhu nea ɛde nkwakoraabɔ ne mmerewabɔ ba”
Nyansahufo binom rehwehwɛ nea ɛde mpanyinyɛ ne emu nyarewa ba mu ma enti seesei wɔafi ase reyɛ sɛnea awosu yɛ adwuma (epigenetics) no mu nhwehwɛmu.
Nkwammoaa no na ekura awosu ho nsɛm a ehia na nkwammoaa afoforo atumi afi mu aba. Nsɛm yi pii wɔ yɛn awosu (genome), a ɛne DNA nyinaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nkwammoaa mu no mu. Nanso nnansa yi, nyansahufo ayɛ nkwammoaa no afã ahorow mu nhwehwɛmu akɔ akyiri
Abɔde mu nneɛma nketenkete a ɛbom yɛ epigenome no ne DNA no nni nsɛdi biara. Bere a DNA no ayɛ sɛ antweri a akyinkyim no, epigenome no yɛ ahyɛnsode bi a ɛtetare DNA no ho. Dwuma bɛn na epigenome no di? Sɛnea drɔba kyinkyim kar no, saa ara na epigenome no kyerɛ sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛn awosu yɛ adwuma wɔ DNA no mu. Saa ahyɛnsode yi na ɛma nkwammoaa bi yɛ adwuma anaa egyae adwumayɛ. Na egyina nkwammoaa no ahiade ne tebea a ɛwom so, te sɛ aduan a yedi, adwennwen, ne biribiara a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu a ebetumi adi yɛn awu. Nneɛma bi a wɔahu wɔ awosu dwumadi mu nnansa yi no ama nsakrae kɛse aba abɔde a nkwa wom mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ a ɛfa epigenetics ne nyarewa pɔtẽẽ bi, ne mpanyinyɛ mu no ho.
Awosu mu nhwehwɛmufo, Nessa Carey, ka sɛ, “[Epigenetics] ka ho bi na nyarewa te sɛ adwene mu basaayɛ, ɔkwaha a ɛma apɔw so honhon, kokoram ne honam mu yaw nso ba.” Na “ɛda adi sɛ, ɛka ho bi na mpanyinyɛ nso ba.” Ne saa nti, nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ sɛnea awosu yɛ adwuma mu no betumi ama yɛn akwahosan atu mpɔn, yɛako yare te sɛ kokoram, na ɛnam so ma yɛanyin akyɛ. Nanso seesei de, obiara nyɛɛ biribi titiriw bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ, yebetumi adi mpanyinyɛ so nkonim. Carey ka sɛ, “Ɔkwan dedaw [a yɛfa so ko tia mpanyinyɛ] no ara na yɛnam so. Ɛne sɛ yebedi afumduan pii na yɛateɛteɛ yɛn apɔw mu pii.”
Ɛnde, dɛn nti na nnipa haw wɔn ho sɛ wobenyin akyɛ? Dɛn nti koraa na yɛpɛ sɛ yɛtena ase daa? Britania atesɛm krataa, The Times, bisae sɛ: “Dɛn nti koraa na adesamma nam nkyerɛkyerɛ te sɛ nkwa a enni awiei, owusɔre, owu akyi asetena, anaa onipa a owu ma wɔsan wo no foforo so ne owu redi apere saa?” Sɛnea yebehu no, asɛm yi ho mmuae bɛboa ma yɛahu nea ɛkɔfaa mpanyinyɛ bae ankasa.
Dɛn Nti na Yɛpɛ sɛ Yɛtena Ase Daa?
Mfe mpempem pii ni na nnipa a wosusuw nneɛma ho abɔ mmɔden sɛ wobenya saa asɛmmisa yi ho mmuae. So ɛho mmuae a ɛtɔ asom wɔ hɔ
Efi mfiase pɛɛ no, Bible no ka no pefee sɛ, ɛmfa ho sɛ nnipa ne abɔde afoforo wɔ nneɛma bi a edi nsɛ no, nsonsonoe kɛse da wɔn ntam koraa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, yɛkenkan wɔ Genesis 1:27 sɛ, Onyankopɔn bɔɔ onipa wɔ ne suban so. Ɔkwan bɛn so? Ɔbɔɔ yɛn sɛnea yebetumi ada ɔdɔ, atɛntrenee, ne nyansa adi. Na sɛ́ Obi a ɔwɔ hɔ daa no, Onyankopɔn de daa nkwa duaa yɛn mu. Ɔsɛnkafo 3:11 ka sɛ, Ɔde “asetena a enni awiei duaa yɛn koma ne yɛn adwene mu.”
Amemene no tumi a ɛwɔ, ne titiriw no, sɛ etumi ma yesua ade no, yɛ adanse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔhyɛɛ da bɔɔ onipa sɛ ɔntena ase nkyɛ nsen sɛnea yehu no nnɛ no. The Encyclopedia of the Brain and Brain Disorders ka sɛ, onipa amemene a etumi kae ade bere tenten no “betumi akɔ so ayɛ saa daa.” Enti sɛ wɔanyɛ adwene no ne sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma daa a, dɛn nti na wɔbɔe? Yiw, biribiara a ɛwɔ nnipa ho no da Onyankopɔn mfitiase atirimpɔw ma adesamma no adi. Ɛnde, dɛn nti na yenyinyin, hu amane, na yewuwu?
Nea Enti a Yenyinyin na Yewuwu
Ná ɔbarima ne ɔbea a wodi kan no wɔ nipadua a ɛyɛ pɛ ne hokwan sɛ wɔpaw nea wɔpɛ. Awerɛhosɛm no ne sɛ, wɔtew atua tiaa wɔn Bɔfo no ma saa hokwan no bɔɔ wɔn. * (Genesis 2:16, 17; 3:6-11) Wɔn asoɔden, anaa bɔne no, maa wodii fɔ na wɔn ani wui. Ɛsan nso sɛe wɔn nipadua, na nkakrankakra no, wofii ase gowee, a wɔantumi anyɛ ho hwee, na wowui. 1 Korintofo 15:56 ka sɛ, “Nwowɔe a ɛde owu ba ne bɔne.”
Awosu ho mmara ama Adam ne Hawa asefo nyinaa anya sintɔ, ne akɔnnɔ a yenya sɛ yɛnyɛ bɔne. Romafo 5:12 ka sɛ: “Ɛnam onipa biako so na bɔne baa wiase, na owu nam bɔne so bae, ma owu trɛw kaa nnipa nyinaa, efisɛ wɔn nyinaa ayɛ bɔne.”
Dɛn na yebetumi aka wɔ nea yɛahu yi nyinaa ho? Eyi: Worentumi nhu asetena a enni awiei ho nokwasɛm wɔ nyansahufo adwumayɛbea. Onyankopɔn nkutoo na obetumi ayi ɔhaw a bɔne de aba no nyinaa afi hɔ. Nanso, so ɔbɛyɛ? Bible no de mmuae ma sɛ, ɔbɛyɛ!
“Ɔbɛmene . . . Owu Akosi Daa”
Onyankopɔn ayɛ nhyehyɛe titiriw bi a ɔde beyi bɔne ne owu afi hɔ dedaw. Ɔsomaa Yesu Kristo ma ɔde ne nkwa bɛtoo hɔ maa yɛn. Ɔkwan bɛn so na Yesu wu no betumi aboa yɛn? Wɔwoo Yesu sɛ onipa a ɔyɛ pɛ na “wanyɛ bɔne biara.” (1 Petro 2:22) Enti, sɛ́ onipa a ɔyɛ pɛ no, ɔfata sɛ ɔtena ase daa. Dɛn na ɔde ne nkwa a ɛyɛ pɛ no yɛe? Ofi ne pɛ mu de mae de tuaa yɛn bɔne ho ka. Yiw, Yesu de ne nkwa mae sɛ “agyede de agye nnipa bebree.” (Mateo 20:28) Ɛrenkyɛ, wɔde saa agyede no so mfaso bedi dwuma ama yɛn koraa. Dɛn na ɛno bɛkyerɛ ama wo? Susuw kyerɛw nsɛm yi ho hwɛ.
“Onyankopɔn dɔ wiase paa ma enti ɔde ne Ba a ɔwoo no koro no mae, na obiara a ɔkyerɛ no mu gyidi no ansɛe na mmom wanya daa nkwa.”
—Yohane 3:16.
“Ɔbɛmene owu akosi daa, na Awurade Tumfoɔ Yehowa bɛpopa obiara aniwam nusu.”
—Yesaia 25:8.
“Ɔtamfo a otwa to a obetu no agu ne owu.”
—1 Korintofo 15:26.
“Onyankopɔn ntamadan wɔ adesamma mu . . . Na ɔbɛpopa wɔn aniwam nusu nyinaa, na owu nni hɔ bio.”
—Adiyisɛm 21:3, 4.
Mfe ahe na wubetumi adi? Bible no de mmuae a emu da hɔ pefee ma: Nnipa betumi anya anidaso sɛ wɔbɛtena ase daa
Yiw, ɔpɛ a nnipa wɔ sɛ wɔbɛtena ase daa no fi awosu mu na ntease wom. Saa na Onyankopɔn bɔɔ yɛn! Bio nso, ɔbɛma yɛanya nea yɛpɛ. (Dwom 145:16) Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ yɛn fam de. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛsɛ sɛ yenya Onyankopɔn mu gyidi. Hebrifo 11:6 ka sɛ, “Gyidi nni hɔ a, obi ntumi nsɔ Onyankopɔn ani, efisɛ ɛsɛ sɛ nea ɔba ne nkyɛn no gye di sɛ ɔwɔ hɔ, na ɔyɛ wɔn a wɔn ani abere rehwehwɛ no no katuafo.” Ɛnyɛ gyidi a enni nnyinaso, na mmom ɛyɛ nea egyina Bible mu nokware nimdeɛ so. (Hebrifo 11:1) Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wunya saa gyidi no bi a, ka ho asɛm kyerɛ Yehowa Adansefo anaa kɔ yɛn Intanɛt dwumadibea wɔ www.jw.org.
^ nky. 21 Adam ne Hawa atuatew no maa abrabɔ ho ɔsɛmpɔw a anibere wom sɔree wɔ Onyankopɔn ho. Wɔakyerɛkyerɛ saa ɔsɛmpɔw yi a ɛma yehu nea enti a Onyankopɔn ama nsɛmmɔnedi ho kwan bere tiaa mu no wɔ nhoma a wɔde sua Bible, Dɛn na Bible Kyerɛkyerɛ Ankasa? no mu. Kenkan wɔ Intanɛt so wɔ www.jw.org.
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