ABAKƆSƐM
Galileo
Bɛyɛ mfe 1400 kɔsi 1600 wɔ Yesu wu akyi no, nyansahufo ne nyansapɛfo a wɔwɔ Europa huu owia ne okyinsoroma ho nokwasɛm pii. Wɔn nhwehwɛmu no maa wɔhuu biribi a na ɛne Katolek Asɔre no nkyerɛkyerɛ nhyia. Nyansahufo baako a na ɔdi wei mu akoten paa ne Galileo Galilei.
ANSA na Galileo reba no, na nnipa pii gye di sɛ owia ne okyinsoroma ne nsoromma nyinaa di asase ho kyinhyia. Adwene a ɛte saa na na Katolek Asɔre no kura mu dendeenden.
Na Galileo wɔ afidie bi a ɔde hwɛ nneɛma wɔ akyirikyiri, na ɛboaa no ma ɔhuu sɛ nea nyansahufo bi aka no nyɛ nokware. Ɛho nhwɛso ni: Ɔhuu nneɛma bi wɔ owia no ho, na ɔhwɛ a ɛte sɛ nea ɛretwa ne ho. Wei ma ɔgye toom sɛ owia no ankasa twa ne ho. Nea ɔhui no boaa nnipa pii ma wɔhuu sɛnea nsoromma ne owia yɛ adwuma. Nanso wei de ntawantawadi baa Galileo ne Katolek Asɔre no ntam.
NYANSAHU NE ASƆRE NO
Ansa na wɔrewo Galileo mpo no, na nsoromma ho nimdefo bi a wɔfrɛ no Nicolaus Copernicus a ɔfi Poland adi kan ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahu sɛ asase di owia ho kyinhyia. Galileo gyee bere suaa Copernicus kyerɛwtohɔ no, na nhwehwɛmu a ɔno ankasa yɛe no maa ɛdaa adi sɛ Copernicus kyerɛwtohɔ no yɛ nokware. Mfiase no Galileo twentwɛn ne nan ase sɛ ɔde nea wahu no bɛto dwa, efisɛ na ɔsuro sɛ ɔmanfo bɛdi ne ho fɛw. Nanso ɛduu baabi no, na ɔntumi mfa nea wahu wɔ n’afidie so no nsie bio, enti ɔde too dwa. Asɛm yi nti, na nyansahufo bi ne Galileo ani nhyia koraa, na yɛreka yi na asɔfo bi nso de no akɔgyina wɔn asɔredan mu regu n’anim ase.
Afe 1616 mu no, ɔsɔfo bi a na ne nkyerɛkyerɛ agye din a wɔfrɛ no Bellarmine ka kyerɛɛ Galileo sɛ Katolek Asɔre no ahyɛ mmara atia Copernicus asɛm no. Bellarmine kaa no dendeenden sɛ Galileo ntie nea asɔre no reka no. Afei Galileo kaa n’ano toom mfe pii, na wanka wɔ badwam sɛ asase no di owia ho kyinhyia.
Afe 1623 mu no, Katolek Asɔre no nyaa pope foforo a ɔde Urban VIII. Na pope foforo yi yɛ Galileo adamfo, na afe 1624 mu no Galileo ka kyerɛɛ no sɛ ɔntwa asɔre no mmara a wɔhyɛɛ no afe 1616 mu no mu. Nanso Urban ka kyerɛɛ Galileo sɛ ɔnhwɛ Copernicus kyerɛwtohɔ no ne Aristotle de no mu na ɔnkyerɛkyerɛ emu biara mu, nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ ɔgyina wɔn mu biara akyi.
Enti Galileo kyerɛw nwoma bi a wɔato din Dialogue on the Great World Systems. Na Pope no aka akyerɛ Galileo sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ ɔgyina obiara akyi, nanso nwoma no daa no adi sɛ Galileo pene Copernicus kyerɛwtohɔ no so. Afei Galileo atamfo maa wɔn homene so, na wɔkaa sɛ ne nwoma no redi pope no ho fɛw. Wɔbɔɔ Galileo soboɔ sɛ ne nkyerɛkyerɛ ne asɔre no adwene nhyia, na wɔhunahunaa no ma ɔpoo Copernicus nkyerɛkyerɛ no. Afe 1633 no, Roma Asɛnnibea de Galileo too afiase na wɔbaraa ne nwoma no. Galileo wuu January 8, 1642 wɔ ne fie wɔ Arcetri, wɔ Florence mpɔtam.
Pope John Paul II gye toom sɛ ɛyɛ mfomso sɛ Katolek Asɔre no sɔre tiaa Galileo
Na Galileo nwoma no ka nwoma a Katolek Asɔre no abara sɛ Katolekni biara nkan no ho. Nanso afe 1979 no, asɔre no san hwɛɛ gyinae a Roma Asɛnnibea no sii bɛyɛ mfe 300 a atwam no. Afe 1992 mu no, Pope John Paul II gye toom sɛ ɛyɛ mfomso sɛ Katolek Asɔre no sɔre tiaa Galileo.
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