Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details
------
For example, '['this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article', 'The number of patients whose lives were saved or improved by organ transplants rose by 9% last year, according to Scottish government figures.']' should have a representation like '['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'A total of 415 people received a transplant, marking what the government described as "significant progress" in encouraging organ donors.\nThe latest figures showed an 83% increase in donor numbers since 2008.\nThe government is set to launch a consultation on increasing donations - including the so-called opt-out system.\nIt would mean any individual who had not registered a clear decision on whether they wished their organs to be donated would be presumed to hold no objection.\nBut families would still have to be contacted and consulted before any transplant went ahead.\nDr Sue Robertson, who is a member of the BMA\'s Scottish Council, said more than 800 people in Scotland were currently in need of a transplant.\n"We think that\'s too many and we think we should do as much as we can to try and help those people," she told BBC Radio\'s Good Morning Scotland programme.\n"It\'s great to hear donation rates have increased and organ transplantation has been an area where there\'s been amazing progress, but we strongly believe that as long as people in Scotland are still dying waiting for transplants then more needs to be done."\nDr Robertson said an opt-out system could be crucial to reducing the number waiting for organs.\nShe added: "We have written to the minister Aileen Campbell to ask her to clarify the timetable for the consultation that she promised us some months ago, to look at the potential particularly for legislative change. To look at a potential for a soft opt-out system like the one they have in Wales."\nCase study Scott Ramsay - \'A transplant really is like a golden ticket\'\nFather-of-two Scott Ramsay, 54, from Edinburgh, has been on the waiting list for a donor kidney since March.\n"I lived most of my life without any problems until my kidney function fell off a cliff last year. I\'m not doing particularly well on dialysis - doctors have indicated the quality is low for the amount of time I\'m dialysing.\n"I knew a transplant would be the end goal and when I was going through the tests it did cross my mind that I might not be listed. I was so delighted to hear that I was being given that chance. The shot at a transplant really is like a golden ticket.\n"It would be transformational and completely re-start my life because at the moment I don\'t have one. It would be nice to be able to walk uphill, go for a swim, do a crossword. The basic things I took for granted before I got ill.\n"I think there are so many people out there that want to be donors, but just don\'t have the time or inclination to join. That\'s why I\'m backing the campaign - anything that helps raise awareness of the importance of the register can only be a good thing."\nPublic Health Minister Aileen Campbell said more still needed to be done to encourage donors.\nShe said: "I am very aware that organ donation can only occur as a result of tragic circumstances and I\'d like to thank every donor and their family who made the selfless decision to donate their organs and enabled others to live.\n"I am also very grateful to staff across the NHS in Scotland for ensuring that, when appropriate, patients and their families are offered the opportunity to have donation wishes honoured.\n"Today\'s figures are encouraging but for as long as people are dying waiting for transplants, more needs to be done. As our campaign says, we need everybody.\n"It is more important than ever to talk about your wishes with your loved ones - we know that families are much more likely to agree to donation going ahead if they know it is what their loved one wanted."']' but very far from '['represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.', 'Sadi Ahmed was held hostage for three months by an organ trafficking gang.\nIn October last year, he was one of 24 people rescued by police in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.\nThey had been imprisoned in a building in an affluent suburb, awaiting the forced removal of their kidneys.\nThree people are due in court later this month.\nThey deny all involvement in illegal transplants and trafficking.\nPolice say victims were lured to Rawalpindi in the hope of getting jobs.\nThey even were tricked into going to court, under the pretence of getting them documentation to work.\nIn fact, the gang was creating a paper trail to provide a cover story.\nTheir victims were held captive, for months in some cases.\nMr Ahmed told the BBC\'s File on 4 programme that he was taken to a commercial building, had his phone taken from him, and soon realised there was no job.\n"There were 20 to 25 other persons sitting. I was told to shut up and be quiet and sit there.\n"About 10 minutes later, the agent arrived and said get ready as I was going in for a test.\n"I asked, \'What type of a test are you taking me for? What type of work are you offering?\'."\nThe traffickers wanted to test his kidney, and told him he would be given the equivalent of Â£2,300 for the organ.\nMr Ahmed says he was "beaten up, not allowed to go out, we were padlocked in".\n"We were threatened that the police would beat us up and we would be killed."\nWhen police raided the building, Mr Ahmed was saved just in time.\nHe was due to have his kidney removed at a nearby hospital, called the Kidney Centre, a few hours later.\nThough happy to be free, while he was held captive his wife and four children struggled to survive without him, and built up debts.\nHe said: "I had my own property, it was taken away due to the debts. We are penniless now.  We have lost our home."\nPolice officer Yasir Mehmood says the victims were "very weak and very sad" when he and his colleagues found them, locked behind a grille.\nDr Mirza Naqi Zafar, general secretary of the Pakistan Transplantation Society, says despite a ban on commercial transplants in 2010, there has been a resurgence in the illegal trade in recent years, with as many as 100 illegal transplants happening every month.\nHe says many of the operations are linked to transplant tourism, with wealthy foreign patients travelling to Pakistan for treatment.\nThis is driven by a global shortage in organs for transplantation, which allows traffickers to fill the gap between demand and supply.\nDr Naqi Zafar says black market prices for procedures are in the range of $50,000 to $60,000 (Â£48,000) per patient.\nIf donors are paid, they receive only a tiny proportion of that.\nZafar Shahab, a man in his 50s, says he had a kidney removed without his consent at the hospital a year ago.\nHe was told he needed an operation for his own health problems, and "did not have the faintest idea" one of his kidneys would be removed.\nWhen he returned home, his health deteriorated.\nHe says: "I am not working , I have no work. I cannot even lift 5kg (11lb), what work will I do?"\nDr Naqi Zafar is part of an informal intelligence gathering network of medics around the world, attempting to stem the illicit trade.\nThey received emails from the UK, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Australia and Canada, reporting that people of Pakistani origin had received transplants at the Kidney Centre and returned home with complications.\nHe says more needs to be done, calling for a proper system of investigation and intelligence, and that other countries could do more.\nHe says: "We need to talk to the countries where people are coming from, as to how they can help stop this organ trafficking".\nThe UK is signed up to the Council of Europe Convention Against Trafficking in Human Organs, and the Department of Health told us there were systems in place to prevent organ trafficking in the UK.\nBut NHS doctors have told us they had seen desperate patients go abroad to buy kidneys.\nData from NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) shows that Pakistan is the number one destination of choice for patients seeking a kidney overseas.\nOverall, about 400 people have received follow-up treatment in the UK after having had transplants overseas, since the year 2000.\nMedics say cases are likely to be under-reported, and the figures do not include those patients who do not come back, or do not survive the operation.\nVassilios Papalois is professor of transplantation surgery at Imperial College London.\nHe has seen several patients who have needed treatment after having transplants overseas.\nOne patient, a man in his 20s with a wife and young child, borrowed money on a credit card to pay for the operation in Pakistan.\nThe kidney failed and had to be removed, and he developed a serious infection.\nHe was given large quantities of the wrong antibiotics, leaving him deaf.\nProf Papalois says when the patient ran out of money, he was put on a plane and sent back to Heathrow.\nHe says the hospital had failed to treat the patient\'s sepsis, "simply because he didn\'t have enough money to pay them to do it".\nDespite efforts to save him, the man died a few days later.\nDoctors say cases such as this this are fuelled by the desperation of waiting for a transplant, and there can be particular problems for British Asian patients, who have a higher chance of developing kidney problems and face longer waits for transplants.\nPatients from Black and minority ethnic groups make up a quarter of those on the transplant waiting list, and wait over six months longer for a transplant on average than white British patients.\nNHS Blood and Transplant is trying to tackle the problem.\nLast year saw the highest ever numbers of donations overall after death.\nFour years ago, the Taking Organ Transplantation to 2020 strategy was launched.\nIt aims to bring the consent rate for organ donation after death to 80% by then.\nIt is currently at 62% overall, but for ethnic minorities the rate is half that.\nHowever, Sally Johnson, NHSBT\'s director of organ donation and transplantation, says the number of people from minority communities receiving a transplant has increased.\nIn "2010-11 about 500 black and Asian people received transplants, last year that increased to 792, that\'s a big increase over the time period", she says.\nFile on 4: The Cost of a Kidney is on BBC Radio 4, 24 January at 20:00 GMT - catch up on BBC iPlayer Radio.\nHave you got something you want investigating? We want to hear from you. Tweet us, or email fileon4@bbc.co.uk']'.

Question: Jockey AP McCoy has received a knighthood for services to horse racing at Buckingham Palace.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

The 20-time champion jockey from County Antrim retired in 2015 after he became the most successful jump jockey of all time.
He rode more than 4,300 winners.
McCoy, from Moneyglass, also won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year award in 2010 and a lifetime achievement award in the 2015 ceremony.
Last December, Anthony Peter McCoy, better known as AP or Tony, said the knighthood was a huge honour and he would use his title only among friends.
"They came around to the conclusion that Sir Anthony sounded best," he said.
"It's only my close friends who I'm going to make call me Sir Anthony.
"I think everybody else can call me Tony or AP or whatever they like."
McCoy is only the second jockey in history to have been awarded a knighthood, after Sir Gordon Richards in 1953.

Recipients recognised for work in their communities make up 70% of the list - but here are 12 of the more famous faces.
Occupation: Singer - "Forces Sweetheart"
Honour: Joins the Order of the Companions of Honour for services to entertainment and charity
Quote: "I felt very greatly honoured to be given a Damehood and never expected to receive anything else. So for Her Majesty to bestow a further accolade on me is very unexpected"
Occupation: Singer-songwriter - Sold more than 100m records in six-decade career; Grammy and Brit award winner
Honour: Knighthood
Quote: "I've led a wonderful life and have had a tremendous career thanks to the generous support of the great British public.  This monumental honour has topped it off and I couldn't ask for anything more.  I thank Her Majesty and promise to 'wear it well'."
Occupation: Astronaut, Army Major (retired) - UK's first official astronaut, who journeyed to the International Space Station in December this year
Honour: Made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George for services to space research and scientific education
Quote: "I am only one privileged person in a complex team of technicians, scientists, engineers, educators, trainers and flight directors, all working in pursuit of one of the greatest scientific and technical challenges of our time - exploring our solar system for the benefit of people on Earth.  This award is for them."
Occupation: Television presenters - Saturday Night Takeaway, I'm a Celebrity, Britain's Got Talent, and hosts of Queen's 90th Birthday Celebration
Honour: OBEs for services to broadcasting and entertainment
Quote: "We are just two ordinary lads from the west end of Newcastle. We hope us receiving this honour can inspire young people to chase their dreams and believe that anything is possible. This will definitely be the proudest our mams have ever been"
Occupation: Journalist and broadcaster - Loose Women, Twentieth Century Box, former Independent on Sunday editor
Honour: CBE for services to journalism and broadcasting
Occupation: Former jockey -  763 winners in a 15-year career made her the most successful British female jockey of all time
Honour: MBE for services to horseracing
Quote: "It's been really difficult trying to keep it a secret... It's so nice to be recognised. It's a tough job but the highs are brilliant. One day you are a hero but the next you start all over again"
Occupation: Cricketer - England captain who last month became the first Englishman to reach 10,000 Test runs
Honour: CBE for services to cricket
Occupation: Actor - Star of stage, screen and TV with roles in Blackadder, Flash Gordon and Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves
Honour: OBE for services to the arts and charity
Quote: "This is a complete surprise. I am absolutely delighted. It is marvellous that the son of a Yorkshire coal miner should be given such an honour."
Occupation: Former footballer - Match of the Day pundit, made an OBE in 2001 after a playing career with England, Newcastle, Blackburn and Southampton
Honour: CBE for charitable services to the community in north-east England
Occupation: R&B gospel and soul singer - Thirty-year career has seen her top US R&B chart, work with Brian Ferry, UB40, Mick Jagger and Jools Holland
Honour: OBE for services to music
Occupation: Director general, Department for Communities - "Respect tsar" for Tony Blair's Labour administration, commissioner for victims under 2010 coalition
Honour: Damehood for services to families and vulnerable people
1,149
people honoured
70% for outstanding working in their communities
47% are women
8% are from black or minority ethnic backgrounds
5% are disabled


Question: Any US military action against Syria would amount to "support for al-Qaeda and its affiliates," Damascus has said.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Syrian Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad also told the BBC that armed groups backed by America - not Syrian troops - had used chemical weapons.
The US says it has evidence that Damascus used the nerve agent sarin in a deadly attack in August.
President Barack Obama has vowed punitive action but wants Congress to vote on the issue first.
The alleged chemical attack took place on 21 August in the eastern suburbs of Damascus. The US says more than 1,400 people were killed, including 426 children.
By Jeremy BowenBBC Middle East editor, Damascus
Faisal Mekdad is considered to be a very influential man within the regime.
As you'd expect, the Syrian leadership is quite relishing where it is - it sees itself as eyeball to eyeball with the Americans.
Syrian leaders see their country as the vanguard of Arab nationalism, the bastion of resistance to Israel. So they're standing defiant right now.
I think they will continue their preparations to ride out an American strike.
In pictures: Tension in Syria
The French government has said it will hand over its own evidence to French lawmakers on Monday, linking the Syrian regime to the attack.
"It will be a set of evidence of different kinds that will allow the regime to be clearly identified as responsible for the August 21 chemical attack," a government source told the French news agency AFP.
There is growing pressure for French President Francois Hollande to hold a parliamentary vote on the issue, in line with Britain and the US.
The French parliament is due to debate the issue on Wednesday.
US lawmakers are due to reconvene next week, and White House officials have said they believe they will support the president.
Campaigning to convince people and politicians that military intervention is the right way forward has already begun in America, correspondents say.
But by putting off an attack and seeking congressional approval, President Obama has taken the biggest gamble of his presidency, the BBC's North America editor Mark Mardell says.
He adds that if Congress does not back him, it would be disastrous for the president and his decision to call for a vote would look foolish.
In other developments:
By Mark MardellNorth America editor
Mr Mekdad told the BBC's Jeremy Bowen in Damascus: "Any attack against Syria is support for al-Qaeda and its affiliates, whether Jabat al-Nusra or the State of Islam in Syria and Iraq."
Jabat al-Nusra and other groups linked to al-Qaeda have come to play a significant role in the fight against President Assad's government.
Mr Mekdad - who is considered to be highly influential within President Bashar al-Assad's government - also warned that possible US intervention would deepen "hatred for the Americans" and destabilise the whole Middle East.
He said that Mr Obama's surprise decision to seek congressional approval for strikes showed that he had not thought through all the "consequences".
But he added: "This did not change anything, since he (President Obama) is determined to launch an attack".
As for a vote in Congress, Mr Mekdad said it would base its decision on whether attacking Syria was in the interests of Israel.
US Secretary of State John Kerry said on Sunday that Washington had evidence that sarin was used in the 21 August attacks.
Q&A: Sarin nerve agent
He said samples from hair and blood gathered afterwards had "tested positive for signatures of sarin".
Mr Kerry implied that the US evidence was supplied by its own sources, rather than via the UN inspectors.
"In the last 24 hours, we have learned through samples that were provided to the United States that have now been tested from first responders in east Damascus and hair samples and blood samples have tested positive for signatures of Sarin," Mr Kerry said on NBC's Meet The Press.
The US has previously said it had similar evidence of sarin use in other attacks.
Mr Kerry also said he was confident Congress would give its approval for the US to launch strikes against Syria.
Congressmen "will do what is right because they understand the stakes", he said, declining to explain whether Mr Obama would press ahead even if Congress voted against.
However, some lawmakers have expressed doubts about Mr Obama's plan for a "limited, narrow" operation.
"I'm still very sceptical. It is not clear to me that we know what the results of this attack will be, meaning, will it be effective?" said Jim Himes, a Democratic member of the House of Representatives.
"It's not clear to me what response might be undertaken by Iran, by the Syrians, against Israel, against us, in the realm of terrorism. It is also not at all clear that we've got any really, international, support," he added.
Syria is known to have extensive supplies of chemical weapons.
Mr Obama has often said that using them would cross a "red line", prompting US intervention.
Damascus has been fighting rebel forces since March 2011.
More than 100,000 people are estimated to have died in the conflict, and at least 1.7 million have become refugees.
Forces which could be used against Syria:
•Five US destroyers - USS Gravely, USS Ramage, USS Barry, USS Mahan and USS Stout - are in the eastern Mediterranean, equipped with cruise missiles. The missiles can also be fired from submarines, but the US Navy does not reveal their locations
•Airbases at Incirlik and Izmir in Turkey, and in Jordan, could be used to carry out strikes
•Two aircraft carriers - USS Nimitz and USS Harry S Truman are in the wider region
•French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle is currently in Toulon in the western Mediterranean
•French Rafale and Mirage aircraft can also operate from Al-Dhahra airbase in the UAE

The US has moved Patriot missiles and F-16 fighter jets to Jordan, officially as part of an annual exercise.
Russia opposes any foreign military intervention in the Syrian conflict.
The uprising against President Bashar al-Assad, which began in 2011, has left an estimated 93,000 people dead.
Will US arms fix Syrian problem?Obama's half-hearted Syria shift
"There have been leaks from Western media regarding the serious consideration to create a no-fly zone over Syria through the deployment of Patriot anti-aircraft missiles and F-16 jets in Jordan," said Mr Lavrov, speaking at a joint news conference in Moscow with his Italian counterpart.
"You don't have to be a great expert to understand that this will violate international law," he said.
Mr Lavrov also said evidence presented by the US of chemical weapons use in Syria apparently did not meet reliability criteria set out by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.
The US administration said earlier this week that it would give lethal aid to the Syrian rebels in light of evidence that President Assad's forces had used chemical weapons in the civil war.
The support of the West's regional allies, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, helped the rebels after the uprising became militarised.
But the tide turned after the Syrian government turned to Moscow and Tehran for help.
Hezbollah fighters from Lebanon have also been involved in a recent government's counter-offensive that resulted in the recapture of the strategically important town of Qusair.
On Friday, Hezbollah leader Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah promised the group would keep fighting in Syria "wherever needed".


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Detectives hunting on-the-run inmates have re-issued an appeal for help in finding the convicts.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Earlier this year, Derbyshire police took the unusual step of releasing pictures of all 24 inmates who were missing from HMP Sudbury open prison.
It included 12 men who absconded between 1992 and 2006 and another 12 who disappeared since 2007.
Since the appeal in August three people have been arrested and have been returned to prison, the force said.
The remaining 19 men, including all 12 who absconded between 1992 and 2006, are still at large.
Until the appeal in August no pictures of these men had been released.
Gary Leitch, Martin Casey and Adam Yaroo were arrested and returned to prison following the earlier appeal.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
16 September 2014 Last updated at 15:03 BST
The footage was made public as part of an appeal to trace a man wanted in connection with a series of burglaries across East Anglia and Kent.
It is believed the cars were being used by the wanted man. Both incidents happened in June.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story.

Question: Rafael Nadal claimed a ninth Monte Carlo Masters title with victory over Frenchman Gael Monfils.

Nadal, who beat Andy Murray in the last four, won 7-5 5-7 6-0, his 68th win from 100 finals on the ATP World Tour.
A double fault from Monfils, 29, closed out the first set in Nadal's favour and the Spaniard recovered from losing the second to see off the 13th seed in two hours 46 minutes.
The 29-year-old has now won clay-court titles in each of the past 13 years.
Nadal won eight consecutive titles before losing the 2013 final to Novak Djokovic and called his first Masters honour since Madrid two years ago "so special".
"I had a tough season last year, but I've had better preparation this year - even with a tough start to the season," added Nadal, who withdrew from last month's Miami Open with a virus.
"It's great to win a Masters title again. I hope this week will help me a lot."
It is a record-equaling 28th Masters title for Nadal, bringing him alongside top-ranked Djokovic, but a third Masters final defeat for Monfils.
They conceded 34 break points between them with Nadal converting eight of his 21 chances to edge his opponent, who managed five from 13.
Monfils, a runner-up in the Rotterdam Open in February, earned the backing of the Monte Carlo Country Club crowd as he tested Nadal throughout.
But having earlier saved set point, the pressure told on the Frenchman and he double-faulted to hand fifth seed Nadal a close-fought opening set.
The pair traded five breaks of serve in a gruelling second, but it was Monfils who edged the former world number one to level.
Nadal then took control of the decider and raced into a 5-0 lead before landing a forehand winner at match point to win for the ninth time in Monte Carlo as he builds to next month's French Open, which he will be seeking to win for a 10th time.
Never want to miss the latest tennis news? You can now add this sport and all the other sports and teams you follow to your personalised My Sport home.

Bedene, 27, took the opening set against last year's Wimbledon finalist, who was playing for only the second time since February due to injury.
But the 26-year-old world number six eventually won 6-7 (5-7) 6-3 7-6 (7-3) in just over two and a half hours.
He will now face Australian sixth seed Bernard Tomic in the quarter-finals.
Bedene reached Sunday's Hungarian Open final where he was beaten by Frenchman Lucas Pouille.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: BBC Sport's football expert Mark Lawrenson is pitting his wits against a different guest each week this season.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Lawro's opponent for this weekend's Premier League fixtures is former British tennis number one Tim Henman.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Henman, a four-time semi-finalist at Wimbledon who is now a regular in the BBC Sport commentary box, is back on court this week in the ATP Champions Tour at the Statoil Masters at the Royal Albert Hall.
The 40-year-old will take on the likes of former US Open champion Andy Roddick in a round-robin singles event and teams up with the American in the doubles.
Henman played a lot of football as a boy but says he never had ambitions to turn professional despite showing off his skills last summer when he beat the likes of Clarence Seedorf and Alan Shearer at the BBC Sport Copa-uppy challenge - keepy-uppies with a tennis ball.
Media playback is not supported on this device
He is an Oxford United fan and used to watch the U's play at their old home, the Manor Ground, in the 1980s.
"When I was growing up, Oxford were in the top division and Robert Maxwell was the money behind the team," he explained.
"Jim Smith was the manager and we had John Aldridge, Dean Saunders, Ray Houghton playing for us. Winning the Milk Cup at Wembley in 1986 was great. It's been a slightly different time since then."
A correct result (picking a win, draw or defeat) is worth ONE point. Getting the exact score correct earns THREE points.
From the midweek Premier League programme, Lawro got seven correct results from 10 games, with one perfect score.
But his score of nine points was beaten by England Women's captain Steph Houghton, who also picked seven correct results, but with two perfect scores to give her a total of 11 points, and send her to the top of the guest leaderboard.
We are keeping a record of the totals for Lawro and his guests (below), and showing a table of how the Premier League would look if all of Lawro's predictions were correct (at the bottom of the page).
Lawro's prediction: 0-2
Tim's prediction: 1-2
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Tim's prediction: 1-1
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Tim's prediction: 1-0
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Tim's prediction: 2-0
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1
Tim's prediction: 0-1
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Tim's prediction: 3-0
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Tim's prediction: 2-0
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Tim's prediction: 0-0
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Tim's prediction: 2-2
Read match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1
Tim's prediction: 1-2
Read match report
Lawro was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan
Lawro's best score: 17 points (week seven v Ossie Ardiles)
Lawro's worst score: 3 points (week nine v Mark Wright and Karen Hauer)

Lawro picked the winner in two of the four quarter-finals and six of the eight last-16 ties.
He enjoyed a 42% success rate in the group stage, correctly guessing the outcome of 15 of the 36 games.
The only group he failed to get a single result in was Group F, which saw Hungary and Iceland spring a surprise by finishing first and second.
Before the tournament Lawro chose 11 of the 16 teams that went through to the first knockout stage, including France, his pick to win the tournament on 10 July.
Along with more than 375,000 of you, Lawro is taking part in the new BBC Sport Predictor game. He is going head-to-head with pundits, presenters and commentators from across BBC Sport. He's doing well, though he's not top as things stand:
You can make your own predictions and take on your friends and other fans using the BBC's Euros Predictor.
Lawro was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan.
Match report and highlights
Lawro's prediction: 1-1 (Wales to win on penalties)
Match report and highlights
Lawro's prediction: 0-2


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article:

Question: The Uefa Euro 2016 football tournament kicks off today in France!

It's one of the biggest sporting events taking place this summer.
Football teams from all over Europe will be going head-to-head to represent their country.
But which of the 24 countries competing will you be supporting, and why?!
I will be supporting England because our players are awesome.
Alfie, 9, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne
I will be supporting Wales. Come on you Dragons!
James, 12, Canterbury
I will be supporting Wales
George, 14, Teeside
I will be supporting Republic Of Ireland (come on u boys in green!)
Ben, 12, Northern Ireland
I will be supporting England because they have good players.
Jessica, London
We think that France will win the Tournament because of Dimitri Payet's awesome skills.
P5 from Rimbleton Primary, Scotland
I'll be supporting Portugal.
Afonso, 9, Portugal
I'm thinking that England will win it! - their front four look crazy!
Jack, 8

They were drawn in the same qualifying group for the competition, which will take place in France.
Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland are also together in a group, while Scotland will face competition from Switzerland.
Altogether 24 teams will take part in the finals of the competition, which will be held in June 2019.
The qualifying matches will take place between 11 September 2017 and 4 September 2018.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Belfast International Airport is estimating 45,000 passengers will pass through its doors this weekend ahead of the traditional Christmas rush.

An estimated 150,000 passengers will use the airport over the Christmas period.
It will handle up to 120 flights each day until 25 December.
Belfast International Airport managing director, Graham Keddie, said passenger numbers were up almost 17% on the same period last year.
"We're ready for a hectic week," he said.
Mr Keddie says passengers should allow "ample time" for their journeys.
"To avoid disappointment, check what you're allowed to take on board, and also check with your airline on flight times," he said.
City of Derry Airport is also anticipating a busy time, with 10,000 passengers expected to pass through over the Christmas period.
"As well as passengers, thousands of family members are expected to descend on the airport as they welcome their loved ones home for Christmas," said Charlene Shongo, commercial and marketing manager.
She said extra staff are in place, but people flying out from the airport are encouraged to arrive "at least 90 minutes in advance of their scheduled departure time to avoid queues and possible delays over the busy holiday period".

More than 16 million drivers are set to take to UK roads, with four million travelling on Good Friday and 4.5 million on Easter Sunday.
Arriva Trains says passengers in Wales will face delays if travelling to London due to engineering works.
Details of affected services can be found on Arriva Trains Wales website.
Motorists can check for planned works, delays or latest incidents on the Traffic Wales website.
A South Wales Police spokesman said: "Motorists are advised to take note of travel information and allow plenty of time for their journeys."
Motoring organisation the RAC said the millions travelling would make it "hectic" on UK roads this weekend.
A spokesman said: "The first spring bank holiday of the year traditionally heralds the start of busier weekends.
"This Easter is set to be a hectic one.
"We recommend considering starting a journey earlier in the day if the plan is to drive a long distance."
It is also expected to be a busy weekend at Cardiff Airport with more than 11,000 passengers expected to fly to and from the Welsh capital.
Topping the list of destinations from Cardiff is Amsterdam with Dublin, Tenerife and Malaga also popular as Easter getaways.


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Question: Despite spending the past six years playing Kalinda Sharma on Emmy-award-winning The Good Wife, Archie Panjabi has learnt not to second-guess how people may recognise her.

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"I assume it's going to be for Kalinda but I never take it for granted," she says.
"Yes, people still recognise me from Bend it Like Beckham or East is East so it's often fun to try and guess where they will know me from, from their reaction."
After working mostly in America since 2009, Panjabi is back this weekend for the British Academy Television Awards, where she will present a trophy and represent The Good Wife, which is nominated.
And, she confesses, to stock up on salad cream.
The Baftas will be a very different experience from when she first started getting invites to award ceremonies.
"I think the first time I went to the Emmys (in LA)," she recalls, "I was on the red carpet and I was nominated [for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series] and I was so thrilled and nobody recognised me."
"All the photographers put their cameras down and that was probably one of the most daunting experiences I've had because I just wanted the red carpet to open up and swallow me!"
As fate would have it, everything worked out and on that night in 2010 when she won and "that's when the photographers finally wanted to take a photo of me," she laughs.
Playing a pathologist alongside Gillian Anderson in BBC One's The Fall has increased her profile further, but Panjabi has recently made a bold career move.
The 42-year-old has walked away from the primetime US TV show, produced by Ridley Scott, that critics and audiences still love after six years.
"I decided two years ago," she admits, "I felt it was the right time".
While proclaiming her love for the character of fiercely loyal Kalinda, something had changed.
"I've been really lucky at being professionally very satisfied and happily employed," Panjabi explains.
"But one of the things I love most is being able to develop that character and create something that is so different from me and I think, after six years, I feel if I continue playing her I wouldn't have that equilibrium."
Kalinda's exit takes place on TV in America at the same time as Panjabi will be partying at the Baftas in the UK this Sunday evening.
Without giving away exactly what happens, she reveals her last day on set was spent in a bar.
"Everybody was a little sad," she says, "we had tequilas and we all celebrated and then I got up on the bar in my boots and thanked everybody".
"And then I just walked out."
How delightfully like Kalinda. Panjabi even swiped the character's trademark boots and leather jacket.
Kalinda's goodbye sounds slightly less traumatic than when Josh Charles (Will Gardner) was written out of the show in 2014, shot and killed in a tense courtroom scene.
Some of us may still be reeling from the shock of that incident playing out on the small screen, watching a beloved character snatched away too soon.
Panjabi says it was "heartbreaking" filming those scenes and remains proud of how the cast and crew kept it such a tight secret for so long.
"The only thing that snapped me out of being that upset," she chuckles, "was when I saw Josh Charles lying down dead and then he was on his phone, texting in the middle of a hospital!"
But should fans read much into the fact that two main characters have left The Good Wife as many years. Are its days numbered?
"I don't know," shrugs Panjabi.
"Nobody ever knows what is going to happen. I always say the most predictable thing about The Good Wife is how unpredictable it can be".
She will next be seen in action movie San Andreas which stars Dwayne Johnson and, while she's in no rush to jump into another TV show, she has signed a contract enabling people to actively seek one out for her.
"I'm with Fox right now on a talent deal," Panjabi says, "where they are trying to find me a project".
"You need to find a show that you feel connected to and that you could be on for six years that you really passionately believe in and I think Kalinda is a hard act to follow".
The British Academy Television Awards will be broadcast on BBC One and BBC One HD on 10 May from 20:00 BST.

For almost the entire film, she is the only woman on screen.
"It's something you don't see in cinema," says the British actress. "Even though there are a lot of women in law enforcement, we just don't make films about them."
Blunt says her character, Arizona FBI agent Kate Macer, is the film's moral compass.
At the beginning of Sicario - which in Mexico means hit-man - Kate uncovers a horrifying "house of death" connected to a Mexican drug cartel. She is then recruited to a covert black-ops mission headed by mysterious Colombian Alejandro (Benicio del Toro) and special agent Matt Graver (Josh Brolin).
Blunt had no back story to work on for Kate "except that she just got a divorce and she needs a new bra", so she fleshed out the role by talking to real-life female FBI agents.
"I based the character on one in particular who had an inner steeliness," she says. "She spoke very softly and she was quite shy and yet she worked on a kidnap response team.
"It was a very physical job. She worked with these big men on the Swat team and was unfazed by it."
While promoting Sicario at last month's Toronto film festival, Blunt revealed a potential backer had wanted screenwriter Taylor Sheridan to rewrite the lead character as a man in order to attract further investment.
Had that shocked her? "Sadly, I'm not surprised," she says. "But I'm thrilled by Taylor's reaction, which was to consistently walk out of those rooms. And that's why it took him a while to get the film made.
"I don't think it's a blip. It happens a lot. Numbers are crunched on films that have done well. When you do that, you are making films that are derivative of something else."
But she remains optimistic that the Hollywood landscape might be changing, citing recent the performances by Charlize Theron in Mad Max: Fury Road and Rebecca Ferguson in Mission: Impossible - Rogue Nation.
Blunt says: "There are a lot of films that are coming out that embrace stronger roles for women - more complicated roles, not just about being strong or having a gun. That's so boring."
Blunt and Ferguson are about to work together on the film adaptation of the bestselling book The Girl on the Train.
Blunt will play the girl of the title - an alcoholic divorcee who fantasises about a couple she sees from her train. The film, directed by The Help's Tate Taylor, is set for release in 2016.
"I'm about to play a blackout drunk," says Blunt, "and what I think readers have responded to with that book - and hopefully the film audience will too - is less the thriller aspect of it but the portrayal of these three incredibly damaged women, which I think is more interesting to people."
Last year, Blunt's big screen appearances included musical Into the Woods and sci-fi thriller Edge of Tomorrow.
She is an actress who bounces comfortably between genres.  She came to international attention opposite Meryl Streep in The Devil Wears Prada, and her other film roles include The Adjustment Bureau, Salmon Fishing in the Yemen and Looper. She played the title role in The Young Victoria.
Her acting career started on stage, with Blunt making her West End debut in 2001 opposite Dame Judi Dench in The Royal Family. Although she hasn't been on stage for more than a decade, Blunt is keen to "do a new play" in the US, where she recently became a citizen.
Is there any genre that has eluded her? "I haven't done a Western... but Sicario... is kind of a Western. I try not to base my ambitions on genre or type of movie. I try not to strategise the next move, The roles I take on are the ones I'm surprised by and challenged by."
Sicario's Kate Macer is just such a role. Blunt says director Denis Villeneuve's film will stay with people.
"That's so thrilling to me," she says. "Often people leave a cinema and they don't discuss a film because they've seen something derivative.  I think this will be a film people will discuss for days afterwards."
Sicario is released in the UK on 8 October.


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Question: The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have introduced their daughter to the world, as they left hospital to take her home to Kensington Palace.

The princess, whose name has yet to be announced, slept in her mother's arms during her first public appearance outside St Mary's Hospital, in London.
The princess - who is fourth in line to the throne - was delivered at 08:34 BST on Saturday after a short labour.
The Duke of Cambridge was present for the birth of the 8lbs 3oz (3.7kg) baby.
The couple emerged from the hospital to crowds of well-wishers and the world's media. They stood on the steps briefly before heading back into the hospital to put the princess in a car seat. Prince William then drove them to Kensington Palace.
They did not speak to the media.
The duchess had been in hospital for just over 12 hours before leaving.
The baby was born less than three hours after the couple arrived at the Lindo Wing, at St Mary's Hospital.
Outside the Lindo Wing: BBC royal correspondent Daniela Relph
It all happened rather quickly in the end.
Within 12 hours of arriving at the hospital in the early stages of labour, the duchess had left St Mary's with her new baby in her arms and her husband at her side.
That moment on the Lindo Wing steps - the royal couple and their daughter - will be one of the defining images of the year.
Wrapped in a white shawl for her first photocall, the baby princess appeared to sleep all the way through it.
There'll be no name announced this evening. That may take a few days.
The Cambridges are now back at Kensington Palace for their first night together as a family of four.
The family will stay for a few days at Kensington Palace before decamping to their country home, Anmer Hall on the Sandringham estate in Norfolk.
The duchess had been admitted to the private Lindo Wing at St Mary's Hospital in Paddington, west London, at 06:00 BST.
The birth announcement came about 11:00 BST, and the couple left the hospital with their daughter shortly after 18:00 BST.
While the birth was announced on Twitter, there was still room for tradition with an easel announcing the birth placed in the courtyard of Buckingham Palace. The birth was also proclaimed by a town crier who was not on official duty but certainly entertained the crowds outside the hospital.
Prince William left the hospital briefly in the afternoon to pick up his 21-month-old son and told the waiting crowds the couple were "very happy".
Prince George appeared to be the only visitor and he was later taken home ahead of his parents and little sister.
In a statement, Kensington Palace said: "Their Royal Highnesses would like to thank all staff at the hospital for the care and treatment they have all received.
"They would also like to thank everyone for their warm wishes."
Gun salutes will be fired in Hyde Park and at the Tower of London on Monday to mark the birth.
Messages of congratulations poured in throughout the day for the couple and their second child, including ones from Prime Minister David Cameron and the Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby.
The Prince of Wales, who had earlier said he was hoping for a grand-daughter, and the Duchess of Cornwall said they were "absolutely delighted".
In addition to the die-hard royal fans, who had been camping outside the hospital in Paddington for days, hundreds of well-wishers descended when the news first broke that the duchess had been admitted to hospital.
The next news to be announced is likely to be the name of the princess, who is the Queen's fifth great-grandchild.
Alice is the favourite with several bookmakers, although Charlotte, Elizabeth and Victoria have also been popular with punters.
Prince George's name was announced two days after his birth in July 2013, which is a relatively quick turnaround compared with previous royal babies.
It was seven days before the name of a newborn Prince William was announced in 1982, and there was a wait of a month following Prince Charles's birth in 1948.

The prince, whose birthday is on Tuesday, was pictured at the Sensational Butterflies exhibition at London's Natural History Museum.
The image was taken a few weeks ago by the Press Association's John Stillwell.
Prince George's parents, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, are expected to hold a birthday party on Tuesday at their Kensington Palace apartment.
Mr Stillwell also photographed the prince's first public appearance the day after he was born and his christening last October.
"Prince George was very lively and very sure of himself and confident - a very determined young boy," he said.
Prince George Alexander Louis - known as His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge - was born on 22 July last year.


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Question: To mark United Nations World Toilet Day on 19 November, photographers from Reuters have taken pictures in cities, towns and villages around the globe, such as this one in the middle of an empty field on the outskirts of Santiago, Chile.

This year's focus is to draw attention to the importance of toilets in supporting better nutrition and improved health.
Here, a woman passes near the entrance to a toilet in a makeshift shelter used by a Palestinian family in Khan Younis, in the southern Gaza Strip. The UN says 2.4 billion people do not have adequate sanitation. Globally, 15% of the population still defecates in the open.
This pictures shows an open toilet in a field in Gorba, in the eastern Indian state of Chhattisgarh.
The main aim of the campaign is to raise awareness about the people in the world who don't have access to a toilet, despite the fact that it is a human right to have clean water and sanitation.  This sheltered pit latrine (below) stands in a low-income neighbourhood in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), inadequate sanitation is estimated to cause 280,000 diarrhoeal deaths annually and is a major factor in several tropical diseases.
This toilet stands outside the Llamocca family home, at Villa Lourdes, in Villa Maria del Triunfo, on the outskirts of Lima, Peru.
Poor sanitation is also linked to transmission of diseases such as cholera, typhoid and polio.
Toilets donated by Unicef and World Vision stand near tents at a Syrian refugee settlement camp in Qab Elias, in the Bekaa Valley, near Baalbek, Lebanon.
Posters, including those advertising treatments for sexually transmitted diseases, are stuck to the walls of this public toilet in a residential area for migrant workers in Shigezhuang village, Beijing, China.
The main issue of concern in this restaurant toilet in Brooklyn, New York, appears to be graffiti rather than a deficiency in hygiene.
A UN report, Women and Girls and Their Right to Sanitation, says: "Women place a higher value on access to private sanitation facilities than men but often remain unheard." Urinals inspired by the Rolling Stones logo are seen in a bar in Paris.
"There is a real need for facilities that meet women's physical and psychological demands and preferences, and these can be readily achieved by including women in the design and placement of these facilities," the report adds. This photograph below shows a public toilet in London Fields, in east London.

A selection of the best photos from across Africa and of Africans elsewhere in the world this week.
A child plays with a skipping rope in South Africa's Cape Town on Tuesday as a crowd gathers to mark what would have been anti-apartheid icon Nelson Mandela's 99th birthday.
Meanwhile this child sends out a political message, urging people to follow in the footsteps of Mr Mandela who dedicated most of his life to opposing racial discrimination and promoting unity.
On the same day, these girls in traditional dress take part in a ceremony at the international airport in Ivory Coast's main city, Abidjan, to celebrate the national carrier's acquisition of an Airbus A320 to bolster its fleet to 10.
On Sunday, Benin's Angelique Kidjo, the three-time Grammy award winner known as "Africa's Premier Diva", performs at the Middle East's oldest arts festival, held annually in Baalbeck, Lebanon.
Ethiopian-American Kelela Mizanekristos, a relative newcomer to the international stage, performs at Canada's Quebec City Summer Festival on Saturday.
In Kenya on the same day, women from the Maasai ethnic group mourn attend the funeral of Interior Minister Joseph Nkaissery. A Maasai, he was buried at his village in Kenya's Rift Valley after he died of a heart attack aged 67.
In the southern African kingdom of Lesotho on Saturday, men wear their traditional blankets to stay warm in the bitterly cold mountain air in Semonkong, a tiny town which was established as a refuge for Basotho people displaced by conflict with colonial forces in the 1880s.
In Cairo on Sunday, an Egyptian woman looks from the window while her daughter takes pictures of the funeral procession of Syed Tafshan, who died following clashes with the security forces over the demolition of illegal buildings.
Also on Sunday, these women represented Egypt in synchronised swimming at the World Aquatics Championships in Budapest, Hungary.
These Nigerian women cook in the kitchen at a girls' school in north-eastern Maiduguri city, where an insurgency by militant Islamists has forced many people to flee their homes and take refuge in camps.
In this photo released on Thursday, an image of former Soviet leader Josef Stalin adorns the wall of a restaurant named "The Dictator" in an upmarket suburb of Tunisia's capital, Tunis.  A steak named "Grilled Freedom" is just one of many dishes that stand out on the menu.
In this handout photo released on Friday, a leopard cub is seen suckling on a lioness in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, a World Heritage Site in Tanzania. Conservationists say the photograph is the first evidence of inter-species bonding between predators that are normally mortal enemies.


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Question: BBC newsreader Howard Philpott has died aged 63 after a short battle with cancer, the BBC has confirmed.

He was a familiar voice to listeners of Radio 4 where he worked as a newsreader and announcer for 13 years.
Mr Philpott first joined the BBC as a trainee studio manager in 1975 before going on to work for Radio 4, which he said had been a childhood ambition.
Senior announcer Chris Aldridge said he was a "much-loved and respected" newsreader.
Paying tribute, he added: "He adored the medium of radio and was instinctive in the way he talked to the Radio 4 listener, mixing intellectual rigour with a ready wit.
"Away from the microphone he was delightful and self-effacing but with a steely resolve to uphold standards of grammar and pronunciation within the announcer team.
"We have lost a great friend and standard-bearer, and the BBC a dedicated servant."
BBC Radio 4 announcer Corrie Corfield paid tribute to her colleague on Twitter, writing: "Such a wonderful b'caster, totally dependable, kind, funny & a bit naughty. You'll be so missed."
Newsreader Neil Nunes, also on Radio 4, described Mr Philpott as a "first class broadcaster and a great gentleman".
In a statement, the BBC said: "We're sorry to report that BBC Radio 4 newsreader and announcer Howard Philpott has died after a short battle with cancer.
"Howard was a valued member of the Radio 4 team who will be missed by listeners and colleagues alike. Our thoughts are with his family at this difficult time."
Mr Philpott was born in London but spent his childhood in Bexhill in East Sussex, according to his BBC biography.
He joined the BBC World Service as a trainee studio manager in 1975 and went on to produce programmes for the African Service.
He took a break from the BBC during which he helped to start up Bognor Radio and worked as a freelancer.
He rejoined the World Service around 1996 before working for Radio 4 on the Six O'Clock News.
His wife, Nic, said Mr Philpott "adored radio - it was his life".

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The provided query could be "['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'Baltasar Garzon said the Valley of the Fallen should instead be converted into a victims\' memorial.\nThe move comes on the eve of the 40th anniversary of Franco\'s death.\nHe defeated the Republicans in Spain\'s bloody 1936-39 civil war, ruling until 1975.\nSpain made the successful transition to democracy afterwards, but Franco\'s legacy remains painful, with families still searching for the remains of loved ones.\nPolitical parties at the time agreed to amnesty for crimes committed during and after the civil war, meaning that no trials have been held.\nIn the petition, Mr Garzon calls for the removal of Franco-era symbols from the site and says there should be an official apology.\n"We have a serious problem with coming to terms with what was done and find solutions. It\'s very Spanish to wait for the storm to pass," said Mr Garzon.\nThe Valley of the Fallen was built largely by prisoners of war. More than 30,000 dead from both sides in the civil war were moved there on Franco\'s orders in a bid to promote reconciliation.\nInstead, it became widely seen as a divisive reminder of the years of dictatorship.\nThere have been previous appeals for the removal of Franco\'s remains but they have been resisted by the governing Popular Party.\nMr Garzon is best known for helping to secure the arrest of the former Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet in London in 1998.']" and the positive "['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', 'A prominent Spanish lawyer has launched a petition calling for the removal of the remains of former dictator General Franco from their official resting place.']"

The BBC had originally been informed by a member of Matthew's family that he had died.
A spokesman for the corporation said: "We were informed by close family and friends that Brian had passed away in the night.
"They have since been in contact to say that he remains critically ill."
The statement added: "We will update with more information when we have it. Our thoughts remain with his family at this very difficult time."
Matthew presented his last full show last November, returning in February for a final compilation programme.
He had presented Sounds of the 60s since April 1990.


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Question: Police investigating the disappearance of schoolgirl Moira Anderson in Lanarkshire in 1957 want to trace former employees of Baxter's Buses.

The 11-year-old was last seen on a bus to Coatbridge, which was driven by child abuser Alexander Gartshore - the man suspected of murdering her.
Officers want to speak to people who worked at Baxter's from 1957 to 1959.
Moira's remains were not found during the exhumation of a grave in Old Monkland Cemetery in January.
Strathclyde Police said detectives were currently working on a number of lines of inquiry.
Officers are keen to speak to bus drivers, conductors, cleaners, administrative staff and any others who worked at Baxter's Buses in Airdrie during the late 1950s.
Det Ch Insp Pat Campbell said: "The publicity surrounding the exhumation process resulted in additional and further information being passed to the inquiry team.
"Officers are currently assessing that information and following up any leads.
"At this time, I would like to ask former employees from Baxter's Buses to get in touch with us, even if they spoke to police at the time, I would like them to get back in touch.
"I appreciate a significant amount of time has passed but we would like hear from anyone who was employed at the company during that time."
Moira was last seen by her family on 23 February 1957.
After leaving home during a snowstorm to run an errand to a local Co-op, she boarded a bus driven by Gartshore, who was the last person to see the schoolgirl alive.
Later that year, he was jailed for raping a 17-year-old babysitter.
In 1999, convicted child abuser James Gallogley named his former friend Gartshore as Moira's murderer.
Gallogley was said to have made the confession to another inmate while he was dying in Peterhead Prison.
After Gartshore's death in 2006, his daughter Sandra Brown, a former friend of Moira, published a book in which she accused her late father of the schoolgirl's murder.
She said she believed Gartshore had initially buried the child's body in a ditch but later moved it to the open grave of an acquaintance, Sinclair Upton, at Old Monkland Cemetery.
An exhumation of the Upton family burial plot in January did not find Moira's remains.

The 30-year-old is expected to appear at Edinburgh Sheriff Court on Monday.
Earlier this month, a 16-year-old man was arrested in connection with the incident.
Peter Stewart, 43, and his brother James, 45, told police they had travelled from Aberdeen to buy a car and were subsequently stabbed in the Wardieburn area of the city on 8 April.


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Question: When Rosie and Mary, now aged 13, started school it was the first time they realised other people were unable to tell them apart.

Before that their mum Helen Peck had never dressed her identical twins in exactly the same outfits.
When the local paper turned up to take photos of the new school entrants, it was Rosie and Mary who were picked out.
There is something about twins and the start of the new school year that seems to capture the imagination of the media, and this is not a recent phenomenon.
End of Twitter post  by @greenocktele
End of Twitter post  by @WestLothianCour
When identical twins Dennis and Mark started primary school back in 1972 they too were selected to appear in the local paper.
"That was my first recollection of our photograph being in the paper because of us being twins," Dennis recalls.
The number of identical (monozygotic) twins has actually remained fairly constant across time.
So teachers are no more likely to "see double" in their classroom today than they were 45 years ago.
In the UK, about one in every 250 maternities result in the birth of identical twins.
However, classrooms do have a much greater number of non-identical twins than when Dennis and Mark started school.
The number of non-identical (dizygotic) twins increased dramatically in the 80s and 90s in UK.
During this time the number of maternities resulting in multiple births (ie twins, triplets or more) in Scotland rose from 1.04% in 1985 to a rate of 1.42% in 1995.
England and Wales saw a similar rise in the rate of multiple births - 1.01% to 1.41% between 1984 and 1995.
Non-identical twins account for two-thirds of all the twins born in the UK.
This has been attributed to more older women having children, and also an increase in fertility treatment.
Yet this rate of twins is not significantly higher than at previous peaks in the 1920s and 1950s.
Source: Twins UK
Data for England and Wales, available from 1938, shows the rate of multiple births was between 1.2% and 1.3% until the mid 1950s when there was a sharp decline.
GRO(S) data suggests the rate of twins in Scotland reached 1.39% between 1916-20, and again from 1946-50 and 1951-55.
So although there has been an upward trend since the 1980s, certainly in Scotland, there has not been an unusually high number of twins born in recent decades.
In England and Wales, there has been a slow increase in the number of multiple births since 1995, rising from 1.41% to a peak of 1.62% in 2009. Since then the rate has plateaued and in 2015 it sat at 1.61%.
Records by the National Record of Statistics suggest that since 1995 the rate in Scotland has fluctuated between a low of 1.37% in 1999 and a high of 1.62% in 2008, and sat at 1.51% in 2016.
This means there has been no significant change in the number of twins enrolling in Scottish primary schools for almost 20 years, and in England the increase has been relatively small during this time period.
Yet our nation's fascination with twins in their new school uniform seems set to continue.
Rosie and Mary's mum Helen, who is now Scottish coordinator for Tamba (Twins and Multiple Births Association), says: "Rosie quite liked the attention to begin with, but Mary found it overwhelming.
"I remember her coming home from school and saying 'mum do you ever have one of those days when you want to strip yourself out of your body and shout? I just wish people would leave me alone.'"
"They do get asked ridiculous questions.
"'Are you psychic', 'can you feel when the other is in a bad mood' and even 'do you ever get confused as to who you are?"
Dennis recalls the clichÃ©d labels "terrible twins" and "double trouble".
He says: "With all the attention we played up quite a bit.
"It was just high jinks. It left the teacher with the choice of penalising both of us or neither of us.
"It was a card that was easily played."
Helen's children and Dennis and Mark both shared a classroom with their sibling.
Dennis, who now owns and runs pubs in Fraserburgh with his brother Mark, recalls being split up in the later years of primary school.
"We did well at school but with us being twins we did act up a bit," he says.
Helen says: "It can be more challenging when twins start school.
"You have to think whether it is best for them to be in the same class or separated classes.
"It has to be judged on an individual basis.
"It's about recognising the relationship that a set of twins may have and how that may affect them."
While these parents may have more to think about when their children start school, there is more information available than in the past.
Organisations like Tamba provide guidance on the additional issues faced by parents of multiples.
There is no doubt times have changed and Scottish non-identical twins Angela Russell Taylor and Jacqueline Hall, aged 57, know that better than most.
You might want to spare a thought for their parents, as Angela explains: "Back in the day my poor mother didn't even know she was expecting twins.
"My mother had to go into hospital to lie for a week before we were born and she was transferred to Aberdeen [from Fraserburgh] on a Friday.
"My father was working and and when he turned up on the bus on the Sunday he had two babies.
"He had no idea. He must have got an awful shock."

This is the full statement to the inquests from his sister, Theresa Arrowsmith:
Martin Kevin Traynor was known to his family as Kevin or Kev. He was born in May 1972. Kevin was the youngest of the five children of James and Joan Traynor.
Kevin attended St Joseph's Roman Catholic Primary School, St Werburgh's Middle School, Bishop Challinor Secondary and then St Benedict's Secondary.
Kevin was a prefect in St Benedict's and took care of the younger children who started at the school, which is commonly now known as a mentor. Kevin was well thought of by the staff at all his schools.
He was a resourceful boy and he once organised the end of year school trip to Blackpool for his own class, which the school knew nothing about, using his own initiative. He was a born leader who also listened to other people's wants and needs and tried to help them where he could.
Profiles of all those who died
Kevin loved to play football with his three older brothers. He also played for an amateur football club, Parkside FC, alongside former Liverpool player Jason McAteer.
He had a sense of adventure that developed as he grew older. He was very much a person who loved his sport, whether it was indoor or outdoor sport and whatever the weather.
He liked to keep fit and took great pride in his appearance. He was a member of the Shaftsbury Boys Club from the age of seven, often going on camping trips as well as other adventures with his three older brothers, two of whom were Shaftsbury Boys Club 'old boys' at the time.
Kevin also had a love of boxing and was a member of the Willaston Boxing Association. Kevin was a light heavyweight boxer for his age but never got to have his first fight which was scheduled to take place after 15 April.
Following his death, the Boxing Association dedicated a trophy in Kevin's honour, which is still to this day awarded yearly to the most up and coming improved young boxer.
Mr Terence Finlay, secretary for the Wallasey Amateur Boxing Association, recently wrote to the family to say that Kevin was a 'very caring and selfless person, well liked by his club mates with his cheerful personality.
He was very keen to participate in boxing, but he was overweight. Such was his determination and dedication to compete that he persevered for years until he lost the weight and attained the standard to compete at club level. Only for the consequence of Hillsborough ... he would have had a future in the sport.'
Growing up, Kevin would often be found in the local woods building tree houses and playing with his school friends, family members and extended family members such as his brother-in-law's nieces and nephews.
He often visited me when I was away as an army wife. He came every school holiday, wherever I was, and family were in the world, and we lived in Litchfield, Poulton Le Fylde, Ireland, Gibraltar, Colchester and Germany, but Kevin would always be there.
I remember when he visited my husband and I in Gibraltar at the age of 10; he wanted to go to sea for an adventure all of his own in a dinghy. His sense of adventure never left him. It was on one of his trips to see me that he was introduced to fishing by my late husband. Kevin continued that sport after his brother-in-law died in the Christmas of 1986.
He was hard working and had lots of drive and ambition. Even from a young school age, he took a local paper round, delivering the papers to his neighbours and friends.
Upon leaving school in 1988, he decided to follow in his brother's footsteps by undertaking a youth training scheme at Monks Ferry, Birkenhead, as a trainee joiner. After his second placement, he was offered a full apprenticeship as they were very pleased with the development and attitude he exhibited for such a young man.
Like his older siblings, Kevin had a love of music which ranged from The Jam, The Beatles, The Christians to Madness. He loved films and his favourite film was 'Raging Bull', which he would watch over and over again.
He was a brave boy and in 1988 Kevin was stabbed over the eye whilst attempting to stop the burglary of a neighbour's house after the neighbour called for help. This incident left him with a scar above his eye.
It was one of the many incidents that Kevin's courage showed in adversity.
He had actually chased the burglar barefoot and had cut all his feet in the process over  broken glass, which the burglar had thrown down in an attempt to avert his capture.
In another incident, Kevin and our brother Paul averted another burglary at my home when I lived across the road from my parents. These events encouraged Kevin to become a member of the local Neighbourhood Watch.
Such was his caring nature that when the burglary took place at my house, shortly after he stayed in my house with me and my two younger children.
After I had finished renovating the interior of the house, Kevin was assisting to put some items in the loft when suddenly we heard a bang upstairs. On closer inspection, we discovered Kevin's foot and his leg through my bedroom ceiling. He looked so sheepish, it was hard to be cross with him. My aunty, who was present at the time, was more upset than we were.
Kevin thought family was important. My daughter Clare was six when he died. She still remembers him and my brother Christopher running across the road with wolf  masks on to scare her and her brother Carl. Kevin used to pick them up from school and take them on his paper round.
He couldn't wait to start taking driving lessons so he could have a car of his own, and become more independent. Growing up, he always wanted to own a yellow Lamborghini. The events which unfolded on 15 April, 1989 stopped this from happening. He would have turned 17 in May, 1989.
Kevin always had a passion for Liverpool Football Club and if you could read his diaries you would see just how much he loved his football. He used to write down every transfer which took place.
On 9 April, 1988, Kevin attended the FA Cup semi-final between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest and was in the Leppings Lane End. He voiced his concerns then about the safety of the stadium and the crushing that took place that year and, upon his finding that the 1989 FA Cup semi-final was going to take place there again, his words to his family were, 'Oh, no, not that stadium again.'
As events unfolded, I was out shopping with my brother, Paul, for the finishing touches to our house. We had just purchased an outdoor table and four chairs when we heard the news of what was unfolding.
At this point, we had only moved the table and two chairs to the car. We left immediately and never went back for the other two chairs.
I still have that said same patio set with those two chairs missing. Whenever I look at them, it reminds me that there will always be two missing chairs at the Traynor family households for the two family members who never came back. I paint them every year in time for the anniversary.
Their absence is felt by the entire family; Kevin can never be replaced. At 17, he went too soon.
It is not about the amount of breaths that you take in life, but the amount of breathtaking events that you are part of. Unlike us here today, Kevin's name will live on, albeit for the wrong reasons.
I know what long-term suffering our maternal grandfather felt all his life after the loss of his brother, Ambrose, when he lost his life in the Lusitania disaster. My Mum lived on knowing that she had an uncle she would never know apart from the fact he was part of history.
My nephews, Joe and Nick, like their Nan, are growing up in the shadow of their uncles that they will never know, hug or go to a game with. They will just be a part of history. They will know the pain as they grow older of not having cousins to share their lives with.
Their uncles will be photographs on the sideboard, who lost their lives in a football tragedy, and for that reason their names will live on in history, albeit for the wrong reasons.


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Question: One of the UK's most famous dinosaur exhibits is to go on display at Glasgow's Kelvingrove Museum in 2019.

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The 109-year-old replica diplodocus skeleton cast, known as Dippy, has dominated the entrance to London's Natural History Museum since 1979.
It will soon be replaced with a blue whale skeleton, allowing Dippy to tour eight UK venues from 2018 to 2020.
The diplodocus has featured in films such as Paddington, Night at the Museum 3 and One of Our Dinosaurs is Missing.
Glasgow Life, the council arms-length body which runs the Kelvingrove Museum, hopes that famous dinosaur model will be a huge draw.
Chair of Glasgow Life, Councillor Archie Graham, said: "As one of only eight venues selected across the UK, and the only one in Scotland, we are already counting down the months until he makes his grand appearance in our Centre Hall.
"One of our most visited spaces in the museum is the Life Gallery, which is home to a number of fascinating creatures from the natural history world.
"We are confident Dippy will feel right at home among them when he joins us at Kelvingrove in January 2019."
The original diplodocus skeleton - of which Dippy is a cast - was unearthed by railroad workers in Wyoming, in the United States in 1898.
The fossilised bones were acquired by Scottish-born millionaire Andrew Carnegie for his new museum in Pittsburg.
During the reconstruction, experts discovered differences from the two other Diplodocus species known at the time, Diplodocus longus and Diplodocus lacustris.
The new species was named Diplodocus carnegii in honour of its owner.
Carnegie later commissioned a cast to be sent to London after King Edward VII remarked how he would like a similar specimen for the animal galleries of the Natural History Museum.
The diplodocus cast has been one of the museum's main attraction since it was unveiled to the public in 1905 and later moved to the Hintze Hall in 1979.
Sir Michael Dixon, director of the Natural History Museum, said he hoped that Dippy would continue to thrill crowds around the UK.
"Making iconic items accessible to as many people as possible is at the heart of what museums give to the nation, so we have ensured that Dippy will still be free to view at all tour venues," he said.
"Working with our eight partners we look forward to inspiring five million natural history adventures and, encouraging children from across the country to develop a passion for science and nature.
"Few museum objects are better known - surely no one object better evokes the awesome diversity of species that have lived on Earth?"
Dippy's full skeleton in its displayed pose is 21.3m (70ft) long, 4.3m (14ft) wide and 4.25m (14ft) high.
It will go on show at Dorset County Museum, Birmingham Museum, Ulster Museum, Kelvingrove Museum, Great North Museum Newcastle, National Assembly for Wales, Number One Riverside Rochdale, and Norwich Cathedral.
The UK tour is being supported by the grant-making trust, Garfield Weston Foundation.
The trust's director, Philippa Charles, said: "Generations of children have been awestruck by Dippy's spectacular presence at the heart of the Natural History Museum and we hope he continues to inspire the nation to rediscover nature as he works his way round the UK."

The Burrell Collection will shut on Sunday evening and will reopen in 2020 after the multi-million pound redevelopment is complete.
This weekend the museum is hosting a range of free activities including live music, a family ceilidh, and guided tours.
The building is said to be no longer fit for purpose and needs a new roof.
The Burrell Collection, in the heart of Pollok Country Park, opened to the public in 1983.
Only a fifth of the collection, donated to the city by collector Sir William Burrell in 1944, is currently on display as many items have had to be removed to protect them from damage.
It is estimated that the total cost of the project will be between £60m and £66m.
Under the modernisation plans, a new roof and high performance glazing will make the museum more energy-efficient.
Two new floors of exhibition space will be created so that 90% of the 8,000 objects can be viewed by the public.
Throughout the Burrell's refurbishment, some of the works from its collection will be on display at Kelvingrove Museum and Art Gallery in Glasgow.
Burrell at Kelvingrove will showcase a series of changing displays, providing visitors continued access to treasures from the collection.
The first exhibition 'Burrell at Kelvingrove: Joseph Crawhall', will offer visitors a rare opportunity to see 23 of the finest works by one of the radical group of young Scottish painters, the Glasgow Boys. It will run from 24 October, 2016 until July next year.


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Question: A drink driver who caused the death of a friend in a crash has been jailed for three years and nine months at the High Court in Edinburgh.

Daniel Ritchie, 25, of Carrbridge, had earlier admitted causing Greg Anderson's death by driving dangerously on 6 July 2013.
Twenty-one-year-old Mr Anderson was from Kingussie.
Ritchie has also been disqualified from driving for five years. The crash happen on the C1119 near Carrbridge.
Judge Lord Boyd of Duncansby told Ritchie he had driven while his ability to control the car was impaired by the consumption of alcohol, and he drove at grossly excessive speed.
The judge said if Ritchie had been convicted of the offence after a trial he would have jailed him for five years.
Lord Boyd said that he took into account that Ritchie was a first offender, that the person who died was a friend, that he had shown remorse and was also injured in the incident.
The judge said: "You stand in the dock of the High Court because through your actions on 6 July 2013 you are criminally responsible for the death of Greg Anderson."
The judge said he had heard of the impact the death had on Mr Anderson's family and added: "In a small community however his death would have been keenly felt far beyond his family."
Ritchie had written a letter expressing his remorse and Lord Boyd told him: "I have little doubt that if you could turn the clock back you would do that."
The judge said the vehicle involved in the collision, a Vauxhall Corsa fitted with a two-litre engine, was a powerful car.
Lord Boyd said: "He owned it and he drove it. I accept he himself did not modify it."
Mr Anderson and his girlfriend had gone to Carrbridge to attend a 21st birthday party and spent the night socialising.
Ritchie was also at the party and during the course of it mentioned to one witness that he was "feeling quite drunk", the court heard.
One person at the event recalled that Ritchie had offered to show Mr Anderson his car. The two of them then left the party.
A witness noticed a light gold car passing on Carr Road, Carrbridge, at speed and another heard it accelerate.
Sirens were heard a short time later.
Ritchie lost control of the car on the single track road, struck a fence and hit a tree.

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Given ['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.', 'Experts already know lots about the virus and how it attacks, but fighting it with a drug is newer territory.\nSince Ebola was first identified, in 1976, every outbreak has been contained with strict hygiene - isolation of patients and suspected patients, ensuring staff wore suitable protective clothing and carried out proper cleaning and disposal of clinical waste.\nThere have been no drugs to do the job because developing them is extremely expensive, and, until now, the major pharmaceutical companies have not seen enough of a market. That\'s changing.\nThe virus can enter the body via infected droplets (blood, vomit, faeces) through broken skin or mucous membranes such as the eyes, the lining of the nose or the mouth.\nOnce inside, it rapidly multiplies in the blood, taking over and attacking cells.\nThe disease is not airborne like flu. Very close direct contact with an infected person is required for the virus to be passed to another person. Infection may also occur through direct contact with contaminated bedding, clothing and surfaces.\nAll of this has been known for nearly 40 years, but only now is the world really gearing up to the threat.\nScientists are focusing their efforts on two approaches:\nThere are lots of different experimental vaccines and drug treatments for Ebola under development, but they have not yet been fully tested for safety or effectiveness.\nExperimental drugs such as ZMapp have already been given to patients in the current outbreak, but they have not saved all patients. Two US aid workers and a Briton recovered after taking it, but a Liberian doctor and a Spanish priest died.\nThe medicine has only previously been tested on animals, and experts say it is still unclear whether the drug boosts chances of recovery.\nStocks have been extremely limited, and the manufacturers of the drug say it will take months to increase production.\nOne of the first therapies to reach the frontline could be the blood of survivors.\nThey will have mounted an immune response capable of defeating the virus and antibodies that attack Ebola will still be loitering in their bloodstream.\nTaking blood and emptying it of blood cells leaves behind an antibody-packed plasma which can be injected into patients.\nIn theory this should help the patient fight the virus. However, this has been tried only a handful of times before and it is unclear how effective it would be.\nAlso this is not some perfectly manufactured drug or vaccine. The effectiveness of the serum could vary from survivor to survivor.\nThe US, UK and Canada are testing different kinds of vaccine in controlled clinical trials.\nThe aim is to have 20,000 doses that could be used in West Africa by early next year.\nNormally it would take years of human trials before a completely new vaccine was approved for use.\nBut such is the urgency of the Ebola outbreak that experimental vaccines are being fast-tracked at an astonishing rate.\nRussia recently announced it is also developing three vaccines, with one being ready for clinical trials within three months.\nDavid Heymann, professor of infectious disease epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said: "There\'s been a lot of international attention to making sure that clinical trials of new vaccines and medicines are done.\n"And my feeling is that if the resources continue those studies could possibly be begun and already provide some initial answers before Christmas."\nIt is hoped these vaccines will offer protection by delivering a harmless agent that will teach the body how to mount an immune response against Ebola.\nIf the person then came into contact with the real virus, their body should already know how to fight it.\nTests are ongoing, but there is no certainty how well they will work.\nDr Ben Neuman, an expert in virus and from the University of Reading, said: "Trials in monkeys have been promising. But they get a very different type of Ebola to humans.\n"In a person it\'s a different kind of disease and we don\'t know for sure if the same treatments will work.\n"Plus we need to scale up the doses. People are a big, walking test tube essentially."\nGiven the size of the outbreak, it\'s also unlikely that there will be enough vaccine or medicine to go round - at least initially.\nUntil these medicines to fight Ebola are ready, the focus has to be on disease control.\nIt was basic techniques that beat previous outbreaks. The hope is they will do the same now.'], a positive would be ['Represent the input', 'With the death toll rising and the disease still spreading, the race is on to find a treatment for Ebola.']

The 26-year-old victim was attacked in the Chinese Gardens at the entrance to Carlisle's Rickerby Park early on 12 August.
Jonathan Corry denied the charge, but was found guilty following a trial at Carlisle Crown Court.
The 24-year-old, of Longlands Road, in the city, was warned he faced a significant jail term when he returned for sentencing on 4 February.


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Question: BBC Sport's football expert Mark Lawrenson is pitting his wits against a different guest each week this season.

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Lawro's opponent for FA Cup fourth-round weekend is former Cambridge United and Manchester United striker Dion Dublin.
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Dublin made his name as a striker with the U's, who sold him to United for £1m in 1992. He believed that Cambridge, who are mid-table in League Two and the lowest ranked side left in the competition, had a chance against the 11-time winners. And he was right!
"Anything can happen," Dublin told BBC Sport before the game. "There is always a chance in the FA Cup, there's always a twist.
"I don't think Cambridge will win the tie, best scenario is to get a draw. Underdogs do tend to find a few extra percent against teams like Manchester United."
How right he was as the sides battled out a goalless draw in front of the BBC cameras.
* Dion specified a scoreline, but declined to pick a winner. However, he says he wants a draw.
# away team to win at home in the replay
^ home team to win away in the replay
A correct result (picking a win, draw or defeat) is worth ONE point. Getting the exact score correct earns THREE points.
Last week, Lawro got four correct results from 10 Premier League games, with no perfect scores.
His score of four points was beaten by comedian Seann Walsh, who picked five correct results, with one perfect score for a total of seven points.
We are keeping a record of the totals for Lawro and his guests (below), and showing a table of how the Premier League would look if all of Lawro's predictions were correct (at the bottom of the page).
All kick-offs 15:00 GMT unless otherwise stated.
Lawro's prediction: 0-3
Dion's prediction: 3-1/1-3 (Dion specified a scoreline, but declined to pick a winner. However, he said he wanted a draw)
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 0-1
Dion's prediction: 0-2
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Dion's prediction: 1-1 (West Brom to win the replay)
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Dion's prediction: 1-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 3-0
Dion's prediction: 5-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Dion's prediction: 3-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Dion's prediction: 2-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Dion's prediction: 0-0 (Sheff Utd to win the replay)
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Dion's prediction: 2-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Dion's prediction: 3-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1 (Leicester to win the replay)
Dion's prediction: 2-2 (Leicester to win the replay)
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1 (Liverpool to win the replay)
Dion's prediction: 2-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-2
Dion's prediction: 1-3
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1 (Bournemouth to win the replay)
Dion's prediction: 1-1 (Bournemouth to win the replay)
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 0-2
Dion's prediction: 0-2
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1 (Stoke to win the replay)
Dion's prediction: 1-3
Match report
Lawro was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan.
Lawro's best score: 17 points (week seven v Ossie Ardiles)
Lawro's worst score: 2 points (week 20 v Steve Wilson)

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Question: Few people would want to spend their summer watching paint dry and grass grow, but for Tony Bell, it comes with the territory.

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As head groundsman at Middlesbrough's Riverside Stadium and the club's training ground at Rockliffe Hall, he is the man responsible for ensuring Boro have a pristine pitch to run out on.
And, with the club kicking-off their return to the Premier League at home to Stoke City on Saturday, there is much more to it than just cutting the grass a few times a week.
"There is a massive science to it and we are learning all the time," said Bell.
His is the sort of work that when done well garners little attention. But when an error is made and a divot diverts the ball in an unexpected and costly direction, his efforts are put in the spotlight.
"I don't think many people appreciate the effort that goes into the pitch, which is fine," he said. "To 99% of them it's just grass, but the club realise the importance of it."
The pitch's summer overhaul begins a week after the end of the season, in this case after Boro's 1-1 draw against Brighton in May which saw them promoted to the Premier League.
It would start sooner but the pitch is available for hire to those keen to play a game on the Riverside turf.
About 15mm is skimmed off the top of the surface, removing all the grass and leaving a four inch-deep brown field in the middle of the 34,742-seater stadium.
Then 240 tonnes of fibre rootzone is spread across the soil.
This consists of 80% sand, 20% soil and a small but crucial amount of a horse-hair-like fibre which binds the grass to the ground.
"This is probably the hardest part because the mixture needs to be kept damp as it is applied," said Bell, who has been head groundsman since 2002.
"If it is a sunny day we are cursing our luck, we prefer a bit of rain. Otherwise we have to follow the tractor around with a hose or try and use the pitch-side sprinklers.
"And it needs to mix with all the soil beneath it. It is a big job."
Special stone-raking machines are used to combine the new mixture with the existing soil, then it is rolled multiple times to make it as flat and level as possible - any mistakes at this point will remain for the whole season.
About 25 20kg bags of grass seed are then spread. For the next 10 days or so the entire pitch area will be covered in large germination sheets to keep the moisture in and prevent birds from devouring the seed.
"Pigeons are an absolute nightmare for us," Bell said.
The seed turns into a green haze and finally full blades of grass which, once at length, are cut once a day for the rest of the summer.
The mowers are hand-pushed and to cut the entire 8,214-sq-m surface equates to an eight-mile, four-hour walk.
It is at this point that the pattern emerges on the pitch, the affect created simply by the direction the mower and roller are pushed.
Boro's pattern, which is the choice of Bell and has been for the entirety of his time at the club, consists of 600 12ft-wide squares.
"It looks pretty but it also serves a very practical purpose," said Bell.
"It fits our equipment perfectly, the mowers, the lighting rigs, everything. You can use it as a guide without the need to measure distances all the time.
"I think the players also appreciate it. They're probably not at all interested in it but if we were to suddenly have diamond patterning they would notice that and it would not feel like their home pitch anymore. The last thing I would want to do is anything which affects their game. We do not want the pitch to seem alien to them.
"Also, it does look great."
Keeping the players happy is an interesting point.
Bell and his three-strong team spend the week preparing a perfect pitch for the players to go and ruin. Surely that is annoying?
"It's just the job," he added.
"We have jobs because of the players, the pitch is there for them to play football on, we just accept that. That being said, when someone scores and then slides across the turf you do think 'I wish they hadn't done that'."
The final week of pre-season sees the white lines painted, a meticulous process involving hand-pushed paint machines following perfectly laid-out pieces of string.
The rest of the 21-year-old stadium has also seen a redevelopment to meet the standards required by the Premier League, a division Boro last played in in 2009.
More media space has been created, new television studios built and improved floodlights installed.
And, of course, there have also been investments in the squad, with nine new arrivals including former Barcelona goalkeeper Victor Valdes and ex-Manchester City striker Alvaro Negredo.
For Bell and his team, however, it's the pitch that has occupied their summer.
"We want it to be perfect, it has to be right, it's worth all the effort though," he said.

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The 18-tonne sand sculpture of the Giant's Causeway is being built not on a beach, but in the middle of a busy shopping centre.
Yorkshire-born artist Paul Hoggard has started shaping the first distinctive hexagonal stones in the city's Victoria Centre after spending hours shovelling in his raw materials.
"It nearly broke my back," he said.
"Eight hours of shovelling, you need to have the fitness of an athlete. But now I'm getting on with the sculpture and can be a little bit more artistic; now I need the skills of a surgeon."
Working alongside his wife Remy and a student helper, Hoggard intends to have the huge temporary artwork finished by the end of the week.
The sand sculpture was commissioned in conjunction with the National Trust. They hope the model will inspire locals and tourists alike to go and visit the real thing on Antrim's north coast this summer.
Mr Hoggard, who now lives on a farm in Bulgaria, has been sculpting full time since first trying his hand at the art form in India 20 years ago.
He has more than 1,000 works to his name, in locations all over the world. But like any sand castle, they do not stand for long.
"That doesn't bother me," he said.
"I am totally dedicated to the process of making it, that's what I love, not the end result. And anyway I always make sure to take a picture when I'm done.
"I'm 45 now but I'm still the biggest kid on the beach."