Question: Represent this text.

Question: Essex are already strong candidates for Championship promotion, according to Northants head coach David Ripley.

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They defeated Ripley's side by an innings and 92 runs on Wednesday.
"I would suggest that Essex will be pretty near the top of the league at the end of this season," he said.
"They've got two guys in Ryan ten Doeschate and Ravi Bopara that have often been at the IPL and the England captain (Alastair Cook for first four games), so it's been a tough gig."
Essex have won two and drawn the other in their opening three Division Two fixtures.
Ripley told BBC Radio Northampton: "They've also got (David) Masters back from injury for this game so they look very strong.
"We didn't measure ourselves well enough against them which is disappointing. We're better than we showed in this match and when we play these guys again we need to be a lot better."
Northants are currently bottom of the table after two matches, with their opener against Sussex abandoned because of bad weather.
Ripley's side reached 481-7 in their first innings at Wantage Road against Sussex, with Ben Duckett making an unbeaten 282 before the match was called off.
"Sussex are one of the favourites as well and we can't lose sight of when we played them in our first game and acquitted ourselves very well," he said.
"We got a lot of pats on the back as to how well we batted and the weather robbed us of a chance to win.
"We haven't got to panic a great deal. I'm looking forward to the games coming thick and fast because now we can feel like we can get into a rhythm."
Meanwhile, Essex paceman Matt Quinn will be out for two to four weeks after injuring his side during a second XI game versus Middlesex last week.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence
Fewshot example: "['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', 'This year saw the best picture category expanded from five titles to 10 - a move aimed at ensuring more commercial movies, traditionally shut out of the annual awards hoopla, would make the cut.\nThat said, this year\'s ceremony saw sci-fi behemoth Avatar pipped at the post by modestly budgeted Iraq drama The Hurt Locker.\nWill 2011 see another indie David slay another studio Goliath? It remains to be seen, though the best picture line-up may well feature a number of both.\nHere are the pictures we predict will be in the mix, plus the other prizes they are likely to be up for when the 2011 Academy Awards are held on 27 February.\nA heady blend of obsession, madness and high art, Darren Aronofsky\'s ballet opus is a bold departure for a critically acclaimed director surely due some Oscar attention.\nHis follow-up to The Wrestler should also land Natalie Portman a best actress nod for her fearless turn as a ballerina driven to extremes after she wins the lead in Swan Lake.\nBarbara Hershey is in with a shot as well, her forceful portrayal of Portman\'s domineering mother is sure to get her a nomination for best supporting actress.\nIt is possible, though, the movie\'s high-brow subject matter and operatic excesses might be a turn-off for some Academy members.\nBoxing movies tend to do well come Oscar time. Rocky, Raging Bull and Million Dollar Baby are just a few to have enjoyed knock-out success in the past.\nThis certainly augurs well for David O Russell\'s gritty biopic of US welterweight Micky Ward - a pet project for actor Mark Wahlberg he spent five years bringing to the screen.\nWahlberg\'s lead performance may not be showy enough to earn him a shot at the best actor title. His film, though, has a decent chance in the supporting categories.\nChristian Bale - who lost 30 lb (13.6 kg) to play Wahlberg\'s crack addict half-brother Dicky - is a virtual shoo-in for a nomination.\nAnd Melissa Leo - who rose to prominence in 2009 thanks to her surprise best actress nomination for Frozen River - is also a strong contender for her role as Bale and Wahlberg\'s mother.\nChristopher Nolan\'s audacious fantasy thriller was both a critical darling and a box-office smash when it opened in July.\nSuch a combination could prove hard to resist when the members of the Academy Motion Picture Arts and Pictures come to cast their votes.\nInception should also get a slew of nominations in technical categories, though it is unlikely any of its cast members will be so fortunate.\nNolan should be in with a shout though, especially after his Batman film The Dark Knight failed to land a best picture nod in 2009.\nThat snub is thought to have been one of the main reasons why the number of nominated candidates was doubled the following year.\nThis story of a lesbian couple whose family is unsettled by the return of their sperm donor is a winning combination of comedy, drama and social commentary.\nSame-sex marriage and gay parenting are hot-button topics in the US, dealt with both sensitively and provocatively in Lisa Cholodenko\'s film.\nAnnette Bening, Julianne Moore and Mark Ruffalo are all in the running for acting nods, with Bening in particular a decent bet for the best actress statuette.\nCholodenko might also get shortlisted for best director, though her chances of winning the best original screenplay prize are probably stronger.\nThis elegant period piece - an impeccably mounted costume drama about the British monarchy - is the kind of movie Academy voters love.\nAs the US media\'s recent coverage of Prince William\'s engagement showed, there is a huge fascination with the Royal family that can only boost the chances of Tom Hooper\'s film.\nColin Firth missed out on a best actor prize earlier this year for A Single Man. Come February, though, his touching turn as stammering ruler George VI should sweep him to Oscar glory.\nGeoffrey Rush and Helena Bonham Carter may also have something to celebrate should they receive supporting actor nominations for their roles as his eccentric speech therapist and the future Queen Mother respectively.\nDanny Boyle stormed the Oscars in 2009 with Slumdog Millionaire. Could he replicate that success with his follow-up feature?\nThat entirely depends on the Academy\'s stomach for a real-life story of survival against the odds with a harrowing and grisly resolution.\nJames Franco is surely due a best actor nod for his role as a climber forced to take drastic action after his arm becomes trapped by a falling rock.\nYet while Boyle\'s mastery of his medium is hard to ignore, voters might feel he has already been more than amply rewarded.\nDavid Fincher\'s account on the origins of Facebook was the most talked-about film of the year. Critics lined up to shower it with praise.\nSmall wonder it is considered one of the strongest contenders for next year\'s best picture award.\nFincher will be up for best director, of that there is no doubt. Aaron Sorkin\'s inclusion in the adapted screenplay line-up is also a cast-iron certainty.\nJesse Eisenberg, Andrew Garfield and a certain Justin Timberlake may also be in the running in one or more acting categories.\nAs hip, literate and topical as The Social Network is, however, some have found it a somewhat alienating experience.\nAnd the fact there isn\'t anyone to root for in this tale of back-stabbing and double-crossing might put voters off.\nNo such problem exists with the other front-runner, an animated sequel that brings Pixar\'s computer-animated franchise to a heartfelt, emotional and very entertaining conclusion.\nNo animated film has ever won the best picture Oscar, and only two - Beauty and the Beast and last year\'s Up - have previously been nominated for one.\nSome believe, however, that animation\'s time has come and that the genre can no longer be ghettoised in the animated feature category it was rather apologetically gifted in 2001.\nCould history be made next February? Disney thinks so, having planned a huge promotional campaign on Woody the cowboy and Buzz Lightyear\'s behalf.\nJoel and Ethan Coen were the toast of the 2008 Academy Awards with No Country for Old Men and got a surprise best picture nod this year for A Serious Man.\nIt is hardly surprising, then, that their remake of the 1969 John Wayne western is being bandied about as a best picture hopeful.\nHaving finally won an Oscar in March, Jeff Bridges has probably just an outside chance of a nomination for his interpretation of one-eyed marshal Reuben "Rooster" Cogburn.\nYet Matt Damon - a best supporting actor also-ran this year - could find himself up for the same award for his performance as a Texas Ranger on an outlaw\'s trail.\nBuzz is also building around newcomer Hailee Steinfeld, said to be excellent as a young girl seeking to avenge her father\'s death.\nSome believe Mike Leigh\'s mordant comedy drama Another Year has a chance of a best picture nod.\nYet we suspect it will be pushed out of the running by another lauded independent made with limited means.\nThe critics loved Debra Granik\'s atmospheric tale of a young woman whose dogged attempts to locate her missing father raise the hackles of her remote rural community.\nLeading lady Jennifer Lawrence, meanwhile, could land a best actress citation at the expense of more established talents.\nAre we correct? Find out when the Academy Award nominations are announced on 25 January.']" == "['Represent this text', 'With the Academy Awards just three months away, speculation is mounting about which films will be in the frame.']"

The 23-year-old off-break bowler and right-handed batsman ended the season in fine style, scoring a career-high 99 against Hampshire.
He also took three wickets in each of his final three innings as Durham ended the season in fourth place in the County Championship Division One.
Pringle follows former England all-rounder Paul Collingwood in signing a new deal at Chester-le-Street.
It comes days after Derbyshire took the unusual step of issuing a press release denying their interest and signing of the player for 2016.


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Question: Red Bull's Daniel Ricciardo says Formula 1 drivers will welcome increased head protection in 2017.

Governing body the FIA has told teams it wants to introduce a device called a 'halo', designed to protect drivers' heads from large airborne debris.
"It's not taking away anything from the driver in terms of courage or anything like that," said Australian Ricciardo.
"It's a simple little benefit that we can all gain from and no-one wants to see another fatality."
Frenchman Jules Bianchi died in July 2015, nine months after suffering severe head injuries in a crash at the 2014 Japanese Grand Prix.
British former F1 driver Justin Wilson died in August after being struck on the helmet by debris from another car during a race in the IndyCar Series in the United States.
The FIA is working with F1 teams to finalise safety plans for next year.
The 'halo' is the FIA's preferred option and would be attached to the car on each side of the rear of the cockpit, with a single strut in front of the driver.
"Our head is the only really vulnerable thing at the moment," added Ricciardo.
"I honestly don't think anyone is against it. Sure, some people probably didn't have an opinion, but most people spoke up about it and said 'it's what we want'.
"With Jules and then Justin, it just seems like a bit of tradition, for what in the end?
"If this is just a little 'halo', within a race or two people will think it looks normal."
Red Bull plan to put forward an alternative concept to the halo which team principal Christian Horner said is more of a canopy design.
"It needs to be tested, which hopefully can be done very quickly," Horner said.

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Teams are required to run gearboxes for five consecutive races but Ferrari found some debris in the German's gearbox and changed it for reliability.
The problem means Vettel can start no higher than sixth - and will likely be eighth at best - for Sunday's race.
Ferrari abandoned their plans to run the prototype 'halo' head protection in first practice following the problems.
They have not yet decided when or whether they will run the 'halo' again. The version in Austria is different from the one tested pre-season, in that it uses titanium rather than steel and has slightly modified dimensions.
Vettel's gearbox problem is the latest in a series of reliability issues for Ferrari this season as they seek to challenge Mercedes.
Austrian Grand Prix practice results
Austrian Grand Prix coverage details


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Question: The Muni Arts Centre in Pontypridd and the Cynon Valley Museum are to close as part of budget cuts in Rhondda Cynon Taf.

Councillors confirmed the closures alongside increasing the cost of adult social care services and cutting back on street lighting during the night.
Twelve paddling pools are to be closed over the summer but a decision on the future of leisure services was deferred.
The council needs to make ??70m budget savings over four years.
Although the Muni is to close, the Coliseum in Aberdare and the Park and Dare in Treorchy will be retained, which the council says is more than many other local authorities operate.
And while the Cynon Valley museum will close with , the Rhondda Heritage Park will be retained and developed into a heritage hub.
Bus route subsidies for services that are not commercially viable are to be nearly halved to ??0.4m a year.
Councillors also voted for part-night lighting of all streetlights in non residential areas and part-night lighting of alternate streetlights in residential areas.
Paul Cannon, deputy Rhondda Cynon Taf council leader, said: "There is no easy solution in these tough financial circumstances.
"Our funding has been dramatically reduced by the government in London, and this will mean that difficult and unfortunately unpopular decisions were necessary today and will be required in the future.
"It must be remembered, however, that even after these tough decisions, the level of provision offered in Rhondda Cynon Taf still compares favourably with other local authorities."

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The Create Your Space programme will allow groups to apply for grants to make changes to their local areas or conserve existing sites.
The money comes from the Big Lottery Fund and dormant accounts' funding from bank and building societies.
Applicants will be able to seek grants from between £500,000 and £2m for a seven-year project.
The total grants available come to £8.8m.
The council areas are Caerphilly, Conwy, Flintshire, Anglesey, Newport, Monmouthshire, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Vale of Glamorgan and Wrexham.


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Question: Farai Mushayademo is one of more than 100,000 vendors operating on the streets of Zimbabwe's capital Harare, but he has found a way to stand out from his rivals.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

7 October 2016 Last updated at 09:34 BST
When he sells water and other beverages to motorists, he dresses immaculately in suits he has tailored himself.
Video journalist: Tendai Msiyazviriyo

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Coffins ready for the market are lined up across the room, leaving little space for his workbench.
But even in this environment, the young coffin-maker still affords an infectious smile.
Based in the city of Mutare, in eastern Zimbabwe, he is quick to say that coffin-makers are not as heartless as many people in the country think they are.
Instead, he says, with an air of importance in his voice: "We actually want to make decent burials affordable."
The 28-year-old is one of a number of young Zimbabwean entrepreneurs who in recent years have gone into coffin-making, after recognising that it remains a lucrative industry because of Zimbabwe's continuing high rate of Aids-related deaths.
While this may seem exploitative to some people, the new entrants say they are simply helping to meet a need, especially - they add - because their coffin prices are usually much cheaper than the country's established big funeral parlours.
Despite Aids-related deaths having fallen by more than two thirds in Zimbabwe since 2001, as a result of education campaigns and the increased availability of free antiretroviral drugs, more than 60,000 people a year still die because of the virus, according to the country's National Aids Council.
Meanwhile, the United Nations says that Zimbabwe has the fifth highest prevalence of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, with an infection rate of 15%. This equates to 1.4 million people, and 15% of adults.
Currently only 618,000 of these infected Zimbabweans - less than one third - have access to the antiretroviral treatments.
To keep his costs down, Mr Mutau makes his coffins predominantly from wood discarded  by local timber companies.
This means that his coffins can cost as little as $40, compared with between $200 and $2,000 at the large, decades-old funeral director businesses.
Still, Mr Mutau admits that he, and the other new entrants, have their critics.
Many people think we celebrate death but we don't," he says.
"We are here to provide cheap coffins to the bereaved families."
Mr Mutau ventured into coffin making in 2005, but he admits that it was his business of last resort.
"I never dreamed of becoming a coffin-maker, but I need to feed my family," he says.
"There are no jobs out there. I get up to $500 per month selling coffins."
While Mr Mutau mostly works alone, if business is busy he brings in extra workers.
Another coffin-maker plying his trade in Mutare is 30-year-old Gift Olesi.
He went into the industry back in 2005 after he lost his job at a local timber company that was scaling down its operations due to falling sales.
Despite complaints from some people that he charges too much, Mr Olesi says he made a conscious decision to target the middle class, and so only makes coffins for more than $250.
"I get at least $900 a month, and I am able to feed my family," he says.
While the new breed of coffin-makers is assisting the bereaved families of people who have died from Aids, other businesses are trying to help people with HIV or early stage Aids while they are still alive.
Green World Zimbabwe, a Harare-based company that manufactures herbal medicines and nutrition supplements, helps people with HIV start their own businesses selling its products.
It also markets its supplements to people with HIV.
Osmond Tafadzwa Chakauya, the company's senior consultant, says: "Yes some people living with HIV are getting antiretroviral drugs, but for the drugs to work they need good nutrition. Hence we provide such supplements."
So far the business has helped train up to 3,000 independent sales people, of which 1,000 have HIV.
Yet Phyllis Muloyi, who has been living with HIV for 18 years thanks to her antiretroviral drugs, cautions that such business support schemes mean little if people with HIV cannot get funding from a bank, something she says can be very difficult indeed.
Jephias Mundondo, an independent HIV/Aids campaigner, says that due to the increased availability of the drugs, banks should only be looking at the likely strength of someone's business, and his or her ability to run and grow it, not the fact that they have the virus.


Question: represent the input:

Question: BBC Sport's football expert Mark Lawrenson is pitting his wits against a different guest each week this season.

Lawro's opponent for this weekend's Premier League fixtures is BBC Match of the Day commentator Guy Mowbray.
Mowbray has predicted five draws on a tight Bank Holiday Monday but has backed Manchester City to beat title rivals Leicester.
Lawro is also up against a state-of-the-art super-computer called SAM (Sports Analytics Machine) for the second week running.
Our scoring system has changed this season and a correct result (picking a win, draw or defeat) is now worth 10 points. The exact score earns 40 points.
On Boxing Day SAM predicted three correct results, plus two perfect scores, to register an impressive 110 points - equal top on the guest leaderboard!
SAM - built by Professor Ian McHale, Dr Georgi Boshnakov and Tarak Kharrat from the Centre for Sports Business at the University of Salford - pipped Lawro, who picked four correct results and one perfect score to score 80 points.
Who will come out on top this time around? Is man better than machine? Is anyone better than a commentator?
We are keeping a record of the totals for Lawro and his guests (below), and showing a table of how the Premier League would look if all of Lawro's predictions were correct (at the bottom of the page).
Make your own predictions now, compare them to Lawro and other fans and try to take your team to the top of the leaderboard by playing the BBC Sport Predictor game.
All kick-offs 15:00 GMT unless otherwise stated
Lawro's prediction: 1-1
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 2-0
SAM's prediction: 1-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 1-1
SAM's prediction: 1-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 1-1
SAM's prediction: 1-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-2
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 2-2
SAM's prediction: 1-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 2-1
SAM's prediction: 1-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 3-0
SAM's prediction: 2-0
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-1
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 0-0
SAM's prediction: 1-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 0-2
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 1-1
SAM's prediction: 1-1
Match report
Lawro's prediction: 1-2
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 2-3
SAM's prediction: 1-1
Lawro's prediction: 0-2
Guy Mowbray's prediction: 1-3
SAM's prediction: 0-1
Lawro was speaking to BBC Sport's Tom Rostance.
Lawro's best score: 140 points (week three v Jack Whitehall & week four v Darren Campbell)
Lawro's worst score: 20 points (week one v Graeme Swann)

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Lawro picked the winner in two of the four quarter-finals and six of the eight last-16 ties.
He enjoyed a 42% success rate in the group stage, correctly guessing the outcome of 15 of the 36 games.
The only group he failed to get a single result in was Group F, which saw Hungary and Iceland spring a surprise by finishing first and second.
Before the tournament Lawro chose 11 of the 16 teams that went through to the first knockout stage, including France, his pick to win the tournament on 10 July.
Along with more than 375,000 of you, Lawro is taking part in the new BBC Sport Predictor game. He is going head-to-head with pundits, presenters and commentators from across BBC Sport. He's doing well, though he's not top as things stand:
You can make your own predictions and take on your friends and other fans using the BBC's Euros Predictor.
Lawro was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan.
Match report and highlights
Lawro's prediction: 1-1 (Wales to win on penalties)
Match report and highlights
Lawro's prediction: 0-2


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Question: Images courtesy of AFP, EPA, Getty Images and Reuters

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

A selection of the best photos from across Africa and of Africans elsewhere in the world this week.

Note: Medals per capita have been calculated using country populations from the UN Population Division, 2010 revision. Olympic Park visitor numbers are up to 9 August. Source: Locog, Guinness World Records, Dangerous Decibels Project, Action on Hearing Loss, UK Health and Safety Executive, UN Population Division, news agencies, BBC correspondents. Pictures: Getty, Reuters, AP, AFP.
Produced by Lucy Rodgers, Claire Shannon, Nour Saab, Luke Ward and Marina Shchukina


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Question: Christmas swims are expected to attract bumper numbers this year due to milder winter weather and growing popularity for the craze.

Interest and participation has increased hugely in recent years across the country, according to the Outdoor Swimming Society.
Eighty outdoor swims are being held over the 2015 season, with most taking place on Christmas or Boxing Day.
Safety advice has been issued by the society for the first time.
Spokesman Will Cairns said it was expecting more people to take part this year in the sea, rivers and lidos.
"What's interesting this year is the temperature of the water.
"It's three to four degrees higher in certain places than it was this time last year. Temperature does play a part."
He said overall membership numbers increased from 15,000 last year to 25,000 this year and that 40% of members now actively swim throughout the winter.
"The Christmas swims very much appeal to the British psyche of doing something different, something slightly weird and wonderful," he said.
- Do not take part if you are pregnant, suffer from asthma or have a heart condition.
- Get warm before the swim and remove your warm clothing at the last minute.
- Go in feet first, not head first, and control your breathing before immersing your shoulders.
- Have low expectations of how long you will be in for or how far you will go
- Dry off and put on layers within ten minutes of getting out
Charlie Hoskin, 33, from Cornwall, described herself as a "granite-fleshed cold-water bathing enthusiast" who always swims in the sea at Christmas.
"The sensation is truly electrifying. It is a great way to test your constitution and boost your immune system," she said.
Daniel Fox has been photographing the Exmouth Christmas Day swim since 2007.
"Its getting massively busy now and the atmosphere is amazing. Costumes are getting wilder and there are more and more people taking part," he said.
"There are about 1,000 swimmers, thousands of spectators and tens of thousands watch by webcam too so we have a worldwide audience".
Brian Thomas from the Serpentine Swimming Club in London said: "We have seen a huge growth in numbers over the past five years".
He said its Christmas swimming race tradition began in 1864 and about 100 people usually take part after a strict vetting process.
"Swimming in a wetsuit is cheating" he said, although stressed that the club has "strict guidelines" making sure participants have acclimatised.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

It was set at 14:42 BST in Gravesend, Kent, beating the previous record of 29.4C (84.9F) recorded on 1 October 1985, in March, Cambridgeshire.
In Wales, a new October record was set at 28.2C (82.7F) in Hawarden, Flintshire, at 14:12 BST, the Met Office confirmed.
Temperatures in England topped those in Athens, Los Angeles and Barcelona.
But it was a different story in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland with outbreaks of rain and temperatures tipping just 17C (62.6F).
In Edinburgh on Wednesday the high was 24.7C (76.4F) - the warmest day in Scotland for the time of year for more than 50 years.
Met Office forecaster Andrew Sibley said: "We have had southerly wind for several days which has brought very warm air up from the south."
The record was broken in Gravesend at 13:27 BST when temperatures soared to 29.5C (85.1F)
Lauren Cherry, manageress of The Rum Puncheon Public House, Gravesend, said it had been a busy day so far.
"We've been rushed off our feet because we have a patio overlooking the Thames.
"Everyone's been quite shocked about the weather but pleased. I'm surprised we broke the record."
But fellow publican Paul Drake, landlord of the Jolly Drayman, said it had been a quiet afternoon - blaming the economy.
"Everyone's at home cooking on their barbecues and drinking their beer from Tesco," he added.
Meanwhile thousands of people headed to beaches across the south of England.
In Brighton alone, Visit Brighton predicted that 300,000 sunseekers would flock to the seafront over the weekend.
Officials reported a 30% increase in people clicking on to the city's official tourist website and calls to its visitor information centre rose by more than half.
Tourism councillor Geoffrey Bowden called the visitor boost a "welcome fillip" at the end of the summer season, which helped to support the 13,500 jobs dependent on tourism there.
BBC Weather forecaster Holly Green said it would be another hot day on Sunday and temperature records could be challenged again.
"It's going to be another hot day in store, mainly across the south-eastern parts of the UK," she said.
"We are losing heat by Tuesday so temperatures will become much closer to what you would expect at this time of the year. Things are becoming cloudier and breezier.
"The unsettled picture for northern parts of the UK will stay that way for next week."
RNLI lifeguards will patrol 12 beaches across Devon and Cornwall on weekends in October and the October school half term.
Fistral beach, Newquay, will be patrolled during the whole of the month, as good surf conditions attract hundreds of surfers to the water.
Meanwhile, experts at the Royal Horticulture Society (RHS) said confused plants started to flower again due to the unseasonably warm weather.
Strawberries and rhododendrons were among the plants seen blooming at its flagship garden in Surrey when they were not expected to flower again until next spring.


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Question: MSPs have called for a "wholescale review" of the Scottish government's freedom of information (FoI) practices.

Journalists from across the media signed an open letter raising concerns about the way FoI requests are handled.
Neil Findlay led members' business on the topic at Holyrood, decrying a "systematic avoidance of scrutiny and accountability from the highest level".
Joe Fitzpatrick, for the Scottish government, said Scotland has the best FoI system in the UK.
He noted the concerns but also said there had been a "substantial spike" in requests.
The open letter was signed by journalists from the BBC, STV, several national newspapers and the Ferret and CommonSpace websites.
In it, journalists praised FoI legislation for improving transparency and openness, but said they were "increasingly concerned about the way in which the legislation is being interpreted and implemented" in recent years.
They highlighted issues including long delays in responding to requests, legal deadlines not being met, and requests being blocked or refused for "tenuous" reasons. They also said there was evidence of "requests being screened for potential political damage by special advisors".
Mr Findlay said he routinely had to rely on FoI requests to get information from the government because the responses to parliamentary questions were "dross" and would be "as well going into the shredder".
However, he said that increasingly, these requests "elicit either no reply or a very poor one".
He said: "I am today calling on this parliament to take these matters very seriously indeed. Scotland is not a pioneer in open government, it is a country where there is a systematic avoidance of scrutiny and accountability from the highest level down.
I am calling on the Standards and Procedures Committee to hold an inquiry into the claims made by these journalists and for there to be a review of FoI and how it is operating in Scotland."
A series of MSPs from all of Holyrood's opposition parties also made critical speeches.
Tory member Graham Simpson said serious issues had been raised, criticising "vague and meandering" responses from the government.
Green member Andy Wightman suggested improvements to FoI law, saying journalists appeared to be "treated differently" and asking if they would receive a response to their concerns.
Lib Dem MSP backed calls for an inquiry, saying the letter was a "damning indictment" of the government and saying a "fundamental change" was needed.
Scottish government business manager Joe Fitzpatrick said he noted the concerns of journalists, and said he would write to the National Union of Journalists.
However, he defended the government's system as being the most robust in the UK, saying: "Scotland can be proud of its record in FoI."
He acknowledged that the amount of time taken to respond to some requests was "not good enough", but said there had been a "significant spike" in the volume of requests to the government and that work was ongoing to improve performance.
He also said all requests were dealt with within guidelines, and that there was a clear appeals process.
Mr Fitzpatrick noted that more requests had come in by April 2017 than had been submitted in the whole of 2007, although Mr Findlay said this would be lower if answers to parliamentary questions were not "dross".
Tory MSP Edward Mountain raised a point of order after the debate complaining that "yet again no answers have been given".

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What exactly are the latest new areas where Holyrood can change the law, and what could happen as a result?
Holyrood now has the power to legislate on abortion - for example to alter the time period after which a pregnancy can be terminated.
There has long been reluctance to devolve such power to Holyrood. There were passionate debates on the subject when the Scottish Parliament was established in 1999, with Donald Dewar eventually deciding the issue was best reserved to Westminster to prevent pressure on the new parliament to immediately change the law.
Some MSPs spoke out against devolving abortion powers this time around. Labour in particular opposed the move, with Jenny Marra saying "the safest way to protect the current legal framework around abortion is for it to remain at UK level where there is a strong consensus around the current time limit".
However, Scottish Secretary David Mundell said that Holyrood already has the power to legislate on end-of-life issues, the NHS and criminal justice, and that he could not see a "convincing constitutional reason" why abortion should not be devolved too.
Despite being supportive of having the power to do so, First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has said she has no plans to change the existing regulations.
This is perhaps the most likely of the new powers to be utilised in the early days of the new Scottish parliamentary term.
Holyrood has already made repeated attempts to legislate on pavement parking, without being able to change the law on the issue. Now, it can.
The matter has been a particular crusade for SNP MSP Sandra White, who introduced the Footway Parking and Double Parking (Scotland) Bill in the previous Holyrood term.
MSPs unanimously supported its assertion that parking on pavements should be illegal, on safety grounds - but could only back the principle of such a law rather than its implementation due to ambiguity over where responsibility lay.
With the matter now firmly in Holyrood's hands, it would be no surprise if new rules were passed swiftly.
The 1998 Scotland Act outlines "betting, gaming and lotteries" among the matters reserved to Westminster. This has now changed in one specific area - that of fixed-odds betting terminals in high street bookmakers.
Holyrood's local government and regeneration committee held an investigation into the use of betting machines during the last parliament, and convener Kevin Stewart described them as an addictive "form of hard gambling" which should be "banned from the high street".
The terminals feature games including roulette, bingo, simulated greyhound and horse racing and slot machines, and can have maximum bets of up to Â£100 on single games.
Holyrood now has the power to legislate on the number of such machines situated in each premises - or at least any with a maximum bet of more than Â£10 - and indeed whether such machines are authorised at all.
Given Mr Stewart is now a junior minister, there could be a push from the government to use its new powers to crack down on betting terminals.
Holyrood's party leaders have voiced disappointment that, despite efforts to increase the representation of women in parliament, there was no increase in the number of female MSPs at the election - with women winning 45 of the 129 seats, the same total as 2011.
There has also been criticism of the fact that the groups which oversee the running of parliament - the Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body and the business bureau - are made up entirely of men.
The Scottish Parliament may be powerless to change the current gender balance of the chamber, but they are now able to push for changes on the boards of public sector bodies across Scotland.
Finance and Constitution Secretary Derek Mackay - a new member of Nicola Sturgeon's gender balanced cabinet - said the new powers would be used "as quickly as possible, to tackle inequality and create a fairer, more prosperous country".
He said the government would "promote equality by legislating for gender balance on the boards of public bodies".
One of the SNP's most eye-catching reforms at Holyrood has been the amalgamation of Scotland's regional police forces into one big national body, Police Scotland. And with the new powers of the Scotland Act, Police Scotland is to get even bigger, absorbing the duties of the British Transport Police (BTP).
BTP had previously operated as a separate force in Scotland, and wanted to continue providing this service with oversight from Holyrood instead of Westminster.
But that was rejected by Justice Secretary Michael Matheson, who said absorbing the "specialist" skills of the force into the single national force would "ensure the most efficient and effective delivery of all policing in Scotland".
Scottish ministers will also be allowed to decide if public sector companies can bid for new Scottish rail franchises in future - something Mr Mackay said the government would allow.
The Scotland Act powers don't just change the original Scotland Bill which outlined the devolved and reserved powers - it also impacts on other laws, such as the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984.
Scotland gained the power to set some speed limits in 2012, and now has fuller powers over this area.
Moves have already been made to introduce 20mph zones in parts of cities, while a 50mph limit was trialled for lorries on the A9, and the new powers will allow changes to be made on a larger scale if wanted.
MSPs also now have more power to legislate on road signs, including traffic signs and pedestrian crossings, beyond existing powers which only applied to trunk roads.
The Scotland Act gives Holyrood a new role, as the champion of Scottish shoppers and consumers.
A Scottish government study in the last term of parliament found that 1.3m people in Scotland thought they had reason to complain about goods and services inside a year, and often did not know where to go for help.
The government believes the new Scotland Act powers provide "an opportunity to make real improvements for Scottish consumers" in areas like the postal and energy sectors.
A working group in the last term came up with 46 recommendations for improved services for consumers, including the formation of a dedicated consumer protection body and stronger regulation of businesses and service providers.
The new powers also mean MSPs can now push for greater competition within markets, with the ability to call in the Competition and Markets Authority to investigate markets which they suspect are not offering a fair deal.
The new powers also give the Scottish Parliament a greater role in scrutinising the work of various public bodies.
The Office of Communications (Ofcom), Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) and the Northern Lighthouse Board will now have to put their annual reports before MSPs, and will be obliged to send representative to appear at parliament if requested.
Ministers will also be able to make appointments to the board of MG Alba, the Gaelic media service which works in partnership with the BBC to produce BBC Alba.
The Scotland Act gives Holyrood power over a huge range of subjects, but they do not all come into force at once.
Scotland already has new tax powers, and will gain even more from April 2017, with the ability to set income tax rates and thresholds. The parliament will also be given control of Air Passenger Duty from 2018, with the government looking to cut the tax - although that plan has been challenged by opposition parties.
Ms Sturgeon is already preparing for new welfare powers being devolved, with Angela Constance's cabinet brief focusing on social security and equalities and new MSP Jeane Freeman installed as social security minister.
And the Scottish Parliament is also to be given power over the licensing of onshore oil and gas extraction, a controversial issue for the SNP.
Ms Sturgeon imposed a moratorium on unconventional extraction, known as fracking, in the previous term, but stopped short of a full ban pending scientific reports. Labour, the Lib Dems and the Greens all campaigned in the election on a platform of banning fracking outright.


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Question: Dramatic footage has been released of a raid on the Spanish home of a British man, accused of running Europe's largest drug-trafficking network.

Robert Dawes is being held by French authorities on suspicion of trafficking over a tonne of cocaine worth â‚¬200m (Â£145m).
The 44-year-old, from Nottinghamshire, is also being investigated over a series of murders in the Netherlands.
The international operation has seen a further 50 arrests.
Mr Dawes is accused of running Europe's "largest criminal organisation dedicated to drug trafficking, money laundering and murder", Spanish police said.
The seized cocaine arrived in France hidden in suitcases on a flight from South America.
Police believe he was working with well-known South American drug cartels and the Italian Mafia, and was exporting large quantities of heroin to the UK from Afghanistan and Turkey.
He is also being investigated over a "wave" of drug-related murders in the Netherlands.
Mr Dawes was arrested last month and extradited to France after police raided his home in Benalmadena on the Costa del Sol.
The international police operation has also seized boats and planes.
Mr Dawes, who is originally from Sutton-in-Ashfield, was wanted for international drug trafficking.
He and his brother John were linked to Nottinghamshire kingpin, Gary Hardy, who was jailed for 20 years for drugs offences in 2008.

Robert Dawes, 44, was detained on a European arrest warrant at his villa in Benalmadena, Spain, and faces extradition to France.
It follows a joint investigation between French, British and Spanish authorities.
He is wanted in connection with international drug trafficking.
Mr Dawes, originally from Sutton-in-Ashfield, and his brother John were linked to Nottinghamshire kingpin, Gary Hardy, who was handed a 20-year jail sentence for drugs offences in 2008.


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Question: It's been a very good couple of weeks for presidential hopeful Ben Carson.

Despite - or perhaps because of - a third straight debate performance in which the retired neurosurgeon practically disappeared into the scenery thanks to his low-key public persona, he has continued to climb in the polls.
The latest survey, by NBC News, puts him at 29% support, six points up on the former consensus leader, Donald Trump.
Mr Carson also has the highest favourability ratings of any candidate, and he's the first or second pick of half the poll respondents - well ahead of all his competitors.
By all accounts, then, Mr Carson is on the verge of assuming the mantle of Republican front-runner. While Florida Senator Marco Rubio was the talk of the Washington establishment after his most recent debate performance, the soft-spoken doctor continues to be a campaign juggernaut.
But is Mr Carson's lead a mirage? Here are a few possible dark linings that could appear on Mr Carson's silver clouds.
Mr Carson has compared gun control, political correctness, the US under Barack Obama and the progressive movement in general to Nazi rule.
He's also drawn slavery analogies on the issues of healthcare reform and abortion and said prison sex is evidence that homosexuality is a choice and Muslims should be disqualified from the presidency
It's Mr Carson's particular gift that he can deliver lines like these in the calm voice of physician informing his patient that the situation is dire but that a cure is possible, and then allow any resulting wave of controversy to wash over him harmlessly.
Although Mr Carson is currently riding high, at some point the cumulative effect of line after inflammatory line could be too much for Republican voter concerned about his prospects in a general election. Or, perhaps, it could put a hard cap on the level of support Mr Carson is able to accrue, creating difficulties for him as the field eventually narrows.
Mr Carson's differences with fellow front-runner Donald Trump are more than just ones of style. After earlier criticisms that he was running a campaign without substance, the New York billionaire has released a series of plans - on immigration, tax reform, gun control and veteran's affairs.
Other candidates have likewise released their plans, in greater and lesser detail.
As for Mr Carson? Not so much. His website features a grab-bag of proposals, lightly sketched, including a call for a constitutional amendment mandating a balanced budget, the "defeat" of federal education bureaucracy, the continued operation of the detention facility in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and healthcare reform based on tax-free personal health savings accounts.
He's also called for a flat tax on income that would replace the current progressive tax rate structure and has suggested that the rate be set at 10%, although it could range up to 15% depending on revenue necessities.
As a front-runner will Mr Carson be pressed to flush out more policy details? Mr Trump was. So far, however, the retired neurosurgeon has gotten a pass. That, however, might be changing.
"I want more details and answers," Doug Holtz-Eakin, president of the conservative American Action Forum, told the Street's Valerie Young. "We've seen what uncertainly does to the economy. So if he wants to genuinely have a good performance, he needs to lay it out so people know what to expect."
When third quarter fundraising totals were announced last month, Mr Carson made headlines with a $20m - which put him ahead of all Republicans and just behind Democrats Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton.
As the Atlantic's David Graham points out, however, those numbers conceal a less rosy reality. Although Mr Carson is posting big numbers, he's spending a lot to do so. Fifty-four cents of every dollar the neurosurgeon brings in is spent on fundraising - such as developing donor files, printing direct mail literature and paying postage.
By contrast, Mr Sanders - who relies heavily on online donations - spends just 4 cents of every dollar on fundraising.
Conservative columnist Erick Erickson, notes that Mr Carson spent 69% of the money he took in - his "burn rate", as it's called - and offers a grim prognosis.
"Carson's actual expenditure list reads like a wealthy Republican getting played by consultants," he writes. "I suspect there are some who see Carson as a cash cow."
While that could be great news for political operatives involved, it's not good for a candidate who wants to win elections.
Although Mr Carson has shot to the top of several national polls, the Republican race for the presidential nomination is going to be decided on state-by-state battlegrounds, and his polls here so far have been less impressive.
Mr Carson has led in several Iowa polls, but the latest puts him in effectively in a tie with Mr Trump.
In New Hampshire - less fertile ground for an evangelical-backed conservative like Mr Carson - Mr Trump has posted numerous double-digit leads. The New Yorker has also dominated South Carolina and Florida surveys.
None of this is to say that Mr Carson can't turn his national support into a lead in key early-voting states. The reality, however, is that Mr Trump still poses a formidable opponent with loyal supporters who have stuck with him for months now.
Will Mr Carson consolidate his gains the same way? Time will tell.
During the third Republican debate in Colorado last week, moderator Carlos Quintanilla questioned Mr Carson about his ties to the nutritional supplement company Mannatech, which has paid millions of dollars in fines for deceptive marketing practices.
Mr Carson denied having "an involvement" with the company, saying only that he happily takes the product and was paid to give speeches for them. Quintanilla tried to press the issue but was booed by the debate audience, prompting Mr Carson to smile and conclude, "See, they know".
The questions about Mannatech can't easily be written off as a liberal-media obsession, however. The Jim Geraghty of the conservative National Review has been one of the most dogged investigators into the ties between Mr Carson and the supplement company, and after the debate he said Mr Carson's answers were "bald-faced lies".
"Mannatech wanted to improve its image and happily paid Carson, one of the country's greatest neurosurgeons, the man Cuba Gooding Jr played in the [TNT] movie - to appear at their events and to appear in the company videos," he writes. "Carson's lack of due diligence before working with the company is forgivable. His blatant lying about it now is much harder to forgive."
Mr Carson has pushed back, telling SiriusXM's Breitbart News Daily radio show that the National Review has become a "political tool" of his one of his Republican opponents and that the story was a "submarine that's sent by them".
Whether he's wrong or right about his allegations, chances are the Mannatech story isn't going away anytime soon.
Some writers, on the left and on the right, have attempted to draw lines between the aforementioned concerns - the litany of publicity-generating controversial statements, the lack of policy details, the questionable fundraising practices, the ethical questions surrounding ties to Mannatech - to draw larger conclusions about the nature of Mr Carson's presidential quest.
Leon Wolf, a diarist for the conservative RedState blog, wonders whether Mr Carson's apparent lack of command of the issues reflects poorly on his commitment to the campaign
"I am distressed that he has spent apparently no time in study educating himself on the basic issues he would face during the course of the run for his presidency," he writes. "I am 100% confident Carson could understand them very easily, which is precisely the reason I'm so bothered that he doesn't. It goes to the seriousness with which he takes the job of running for president, and his personal work ethic at that job."
He contrasts Mr Carson with former technology company executive Carly Fiorina, who has spent considerable time honing her command of the issues.
"I'm at a loss as to what Ben Carson has been doing at all, and I'm disappointed that he apparently doesn't take running for president seriously," he concludes.
New York Magazine's Jonathan Chait concludes that Mr Carson says the obvious explanation for Mr Carson's actions is his goal isn't the presidency, it's the accumulation of wealth.
"Carson is doing a lot of things that seem puzzling for a presidential campaign, but quite logical for a brand-building exercise," he writes. "Perhaps it is a giveaway that the official title for Armstrong Williams, the figure running the Carson 'campaign', is 'business manager', as opposed to 'campaign manager'. It does suggest that Carson is engaged in a for-profit venture."
The nebulousness of Mr Carson's campaign so far leaves him open to these sorts of attacks. How Mr Carson responds - with substance or bluster - will go a long way in revealing whether his candidacy can make it to the finish line.

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Donald Trump hasn't made a secret of his dislike of Fox News anchor Megyn Kelly, with the duo having had numerous public clashes, so it was a surprise to find out his daughter, Ivanka Trump, was spotted having breakfast with the broadcaster at the Four Seasons hotel in New York. Not only that, but they talked for two hours, according to Politico Playbook. Talking of surprises, October typically has lots of them, so we've looked at whether they ever swing a US election.
Meanwhile, Trump Halloween masks are flying out of the shops, outselling Clinton masks by 55% to 45%, according to the Spirit Halloween costume chain. The top reason why Americans choose a Trump mask is to be funny, while Clinton is typically chosen because people like her, their survey says.
Interestingly, the store's best-selling Halloween mask has correctly forecast the outcome of every presidential election since 1996, according to NBC.
In other news, not content with blaming the media and the "Clinton machine" for "rigging the election," Mr Trump has now directed his anger at social media, lashing out at Facebook, Twitter and Google for "burying the FBI criminal investigation of Clinton".
But as Mashable points out, a quick glance at Google News on Sunday showed the FBI investigation was the top result, both #Election2016 and the Clinton were at the top of Twitter's "featured tweets" section and it's hard to track what's trending on Facebook because it's personalised, so it's not entirely clear what the Republican candidate believes has been buried.
Meanwhile, proving that Donald Trump isn't the only candidate that can go on a twitter rant, independent presidential candidate Evan McMullin unleashed a Twitterstorm at Mr Trump after his rival called him the "puppet of a loser" on Fox News.
Channelling a bit of Mrs Clinton - who drew comparisons in the presidential debates between her 30 years of public service with Mr Trump's bid for stardom on the Apprentice - the former CIA officer attacked Mr Trump: "Yes you've never heard of me because while you were harassing women at beauty pageants, I was fighting terrorists abroad."
But it wasn't just Mr Trump that was the subject of his wrath. He also threw some punches at Mrs Clinton.
Finally remember the story about Mr Trump's tax returns at the beginning of the month? It seems they definitely won't be made public before the election, meaning he will be the first presidential nominee since Gerald Ford, in the 1970s, to not release his tax returns during the campaign.
And if you are confused about how two such such unpopular candidates rose to the top of their parties, watch our video explainer below.
66%
The number of likely voters who are Republicans or lean that way that disapprove of House Speaker Paul Ryan's decision not to campaign for Donald Trump, according to  a new ABC News/Washington Post poll.
Hillary Clinton is off to Ohio for two campaign events in Cleveland and Cincinnati. It's a key battleground state and the Real Clear Politics polling average currently has her rival ahead 45% to 44%. Her running mate Tim Kaine is holding events in North Carolina.
Meanwhile, Donald Trump will be campaigning in Michigan, holding rallies in Grand Rapids and Warren.
Who will win? Play our game to make your call


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Question: Swansea's only community city farm is facing closure at the end of the month, unless it can raise £50,000.

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Swansea Community Farm in Fforestfach offers free access to a variety of rare breeds including sheep and bees, a healthy eating kitchen and café, and sustainable orchards.
Organisers say their core Volunteer and Child and Youth programmes have some funding from external sources beyond March 2017.
But day-to-day running costs do not.
Founded in 1998, the farm has been an accredited Agored Cymru training centre since 2012.
It has also delivered a range of courses in cooking skills and healthy eating, food growing, nature conservation skills and animal care.
Phil Budd of Swansea Community Farm said the farm had fallen foul of austerity.
"Everyone we speak to agrees that the farm is doing vital work in reconnecting under-privileged urban youngsters with where their food comes from, but when local authorities and the Welsh Government have to choose between us and, say a hospital, it's hardly surprising we are where we are now," he said.
"All the available grants are for specific projects, but it's extremely difficult to get funding for the day-to-day nitty-gritty."
It is hoped £25,000 can be secured from a crowd-funding campaign, and the same amount via grants, government and business.
Organisers say that would secure its future for six months, while they look for a longer-term partnership.
"It's terribly sad, at what should be our busiest time of the year, we're already having to keep one eye on the prospect that we won't be here this time next month," Mr Buss said.
"Many of our sheep should be going into lambing shortly, so we've already had to start re-homing them, as we don't want to have to move them while they are delivering and suckling.
"Hopefully we can welcome them back in the summer, but we all need to pull together and find new ways of working."

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The Cardigan Arms was left under several feet of water along with many other businesses when the River Aire broke its banks on Boxing Day 2015.
Since then, a project has been launched to turn it into a community-owned pub.
More than 200 people have joined the campaign to save the Kirkstall Road premises, which requires refurbishment.
Investors will become co-op members with voting rights as well as being commemorated within the building.
Campaigner Chris Hill said the group was aiming to raise a total of Â£300,000 by the end of May and called it a "decent investment opportunity".
The Campaign for Real Ale said there were about 70 pubs across the UK owned by their local community.


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Question: Stuart McCall says Bradford City are a "perfect fit" as he starts his second spell as boss of the League One club.

McCall first took charge following the Bantams' relegation to League Two in May 2007, but quit in February 2010 with his side 16th in the table.
The 52-year-old has since managed Rangers and Motherwell, and left his role as Scotland coach to rejoin City.
"The last time I was here it certainly wasn't a perfect fit, but it is now," he told BBC Radio Leeds.
"I don't like to keep looking back, but the last time I was here the club had just dropped into the bottom division, and in hindsight I let my heart rule my head because it was a place I wanted to come to.
"But it was a totally different football club and I was a totally different manager."
Bradford lost to Millwall in the League One play-off semi-finals in 2015-16 and McCall, who was appointed following former manager Phil Parkinson's decision to take charge at Bolton, is targeting promotion to the Championship in his first season.
"That's got to be the aim," he said. "The club have been progressing nicely over the last few seasons and we don't want that momentum to stop.
"For me as a manager, it's about getting the best of what you've got, whatever that may be, whether that be big signings coming in, or young signings, or young players or players on loan.
"It's about getting the best of what you've got and that's something I've been able to do over the last few years."

Swann told BBC Radio Humberside the 44-year-old will replace sacked Russ Wilcox on Monday.
Caretaker Andy Dawson will take charge of the side, who are 23rd in League One, for Saturday's trip to Gillingham.
"I'm delighted because the most important thing was to not leave the team in limbo," Swann said.
"We've spent the last 24 hours ironing out the contract and we're there now so we hope to announce the appointment on Monday.
"I was impressed with Mark's track record and I hope he has a long tenure here. It's a great opportunity for him and for us."
Wilcox was dismissed on Wednesday, following the Iron's 2-1 defeat by Notts County in the Johnstone's Paint Trophy.
He led the club on a 28-game unbeaten run during their promotion campaign last season, but only managed four wins from 15 matches this term.
Robins has been out of the game since leaving Huddersfield in August, the day after the Terriers lost their opening game of the season 4-0 to Bournemouth.
The former Manchester United striker spent 18 months at the John Smith's Stadium and has also managed Rotherham and Barnsley.
His first match in charge of the Glanford Park side will be against Colchester on 18 October.


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Question: The mastermind behind the Leeds West Indian Carnival has been given an honorary doctorate by the city's university.

Arthur France launched the annual Caribbean-themed extravaganza in 1967 after becoming homesick for his native St Kitts and Nevis.
The carnival, believed to be the oldest event of its kind in Europe, contributes up to £10m to the local economy each year.
Mr France was given the award earlier.
He told BBC Look North: "I feel very honoured, Leeds is my adopted city and I'm very proud to be given this degree."
Mr France, who remains at the helm of the organising committee, was awarded an MBE in 1997 for his work in the community.
He was given a Doctor of Laws degree by the University of Leeds, which described him as a "generous, compassionate and energetic advocate for the city's West Indian Community".
The three-day carnival, now in its 48th year, takes place over the August Bank Holiday weekend.
It culminates with a parade on the streets of Chapeltown and Harehills, with an attendance often estimated at about 150,000.

Luke Cresswell and Steve McNicholas founded the group, who use everyday objects as musical instruments, in Brighton in 1991.
They have since performed across the world and were part of the 2012 London Olympics closing ceremony.
The honorary Doctor of Arts degrees were presented on Monday at a graduation ceremony at Brighton Dome.
The ceremony was the first of five days of degree presentations to more than 5,300 students.
Cresswell and McNicholas own the Old Market Theatre in Brighton, the first venue where they performed together, which they bought in 2010.
They said they were "humbled" to have been recognised for their work.
The university also awarded a Master of Letters degree to journalist and broadcaster Kathryn Flett.


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Question: Watford have been taken over by Udinese and Granada owners the Pozzo family.

The Italians have acquired the club from Laurence Bassini, who bought the Hornets 15 months ago when he fronted Watford FC Limited's £440,000 takeover.
Administrator Andrew Andronikou, who advised the Hornets on the sale, said: "We are delighted to have ensured that Watford's immediate future is safe.
"The family have a proven track record of building successful teams on the field, and balancing the books off it."
Andronikou added: "This transaction is a significant one, as it provides the Pozzo football dynasty with a secure platform to introduce its successful formula to the UK."
Giampaolo Pozzo has owned Serie A side Udinese since 1986 and bought Spanish La Liga outfit Granada three years ago, but his son Gino is expected to take charge at Vicarage Road.
Former West Ham boss Gianfranco Zola is known to be admired by the Pozzo family, who have also been impressed with the Championship club's youth academy set-up, and they are giving strong consideration to recruiting the Italian as manager for next season.
Current Watford manager Sean Dyche led the club to their highest league position for four years in his debut season, but is said to be "aware of the situation".
Former West Ham chief executive Scott Duxbury is also likely to accept a role within the new regime at Vicarage Road.
Duxbury and Zola have a strong relationship from their days at Upton Park, but it remains to be seen if they will link up again at Watford.
A week ago the Hornets denied claims by Bassini that the takeover deal was off.
His tenure at Vicarage Road has seen the club exceed expectations under Dyche, but Bassini has been reluctant to face the media and had a public fall-out with former chairman Graham Taylor.

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Al Hasawi, who took control of the Reds in the summer of 2012, would not reveal the identity of the buyers.
However, BBC Sport understands that a United States consortium, led by millionaire John Jay Moores, is on the verge of securing a £50m deal.
The takeover would see the former San Diego Padres owner take an 80% stake in the Championship club.
Moores' consortium were previously interested in buying Premier League side Everton, and the potential new owners met club staff last week.


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Question: BBC Sport's football expert Mark Lawrenson is pitting his wits against a different guest each week this season.

Lawro's opponents for this week's five rearranged Premier League fixtures are world champion boxer Carl Frampton and Nobby Butcher, aka comedian Sacha Baron Cohen.
The pair made predictions for Premier League games that were postponed because of FA Cup ties or the Capital One Cup final.
They can boost their scores and standings on the guest leaderboard, with Frampton needing 40 points from his three matches to move top of the table.
A correct result (picking a win, draw or defeat) is worth 10 points. The exact score earns 40 points.
Before Monday's game between Stoke and Tottenham, Lawro has got three correct results and no perfect scores from this weekend's matches, to give him a total so far of 30 points.
He trails actors Idris Elba and Richard Madden, who have got five results correct so far, with no perfect scores, and currently have 50 points.
Make your own predictions now, compare them to Lawro and other fans and try to take your team to the top of the leaderboard by playing the BBC Sport Predictor game.
This table will be updated after Stoke v Tottenham
All kick-offs 19:45 BST unless otherwise stated
Lawro's prediction: 0-2
Nobby's prediction: 0-2
Match report
I was very impressed by West Ham when I watched them draw against Leicester at the King Power Stadium on Sunday.
The Hammers really should have won the game - if you are going to award penalties like the one Leicester got in the last minute, then there are going to be 10 a game.
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West Ham don't stop coming at you, they are very physical and strong, and they have got different ways of scoring.
Watford ended their six-game winless run in the league by beating West Brom on Saturday, although they were a little bit fortunate with the Baggies missing two penalties.
With the Hornets playing Crystal Palace in the FA Cup semi-finals this weekend, their manager Quique Sanchez Flores is going to change his team around. Because of that, I am backing West Ham.
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Frampton's prediction: 2-0
Match preview
After that memorable comeback win over Borussia Dortmund in the Europa League, Liverpool made a load of changes for Sunday's win over Bournemouth and still looked pretty comfortable.
I am backing them to win on Wednesday too.
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The whole situation at Everton is very strange and it feels like they have lost their way a little bit. I don't understand how they have got themselves in such a mess with the players they have got.
I also don't know why Toffees manager Roberto Martinez did not field a stronger side for Saturday's draw with Southampton.
It was a home game where he knows some of the punters are against him because of his poor record there this season, and one he badly needed to win.
If he had left a few out for this game, people would understand it was because Everton have got a massive FA Cup semi-final coming up against Manchester United on Saturday.
That game could be pivotal for Martinez and you know what will happen now, don't you? One of his key players will play in this game and pick up an injury that means they will miss out on Wembley.
Lawro's prediction: 2-1
Nobby's prediction: 2-1
Match preview
Crystal Palace manager Alan Pardew has already come out and said he will change his team around before Sunday's FA Cup semi-final against Watford.
That helps Manchester United, who have their own semi-final to look forward to, but nothing is straightforward for Louis van Gaal's side at the moment.
Yes they beat Aston Villa at the weekend, but again United struggled to create good chances and they are finding it hard to kill games off.
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Frampton's prediction: 2-2
Match preview
Arsenal are another team struggling to score a second goal to finish teams off at the moment - we saw that again in their draw with Crystal Palace on Sunday.
West Brom were unfortunate to lose at home to Watford at the weekend - but when they are on the road they struggle to cause much of a goal threat.
Lawro's prediction: 2-0
Frampton's prediction: 3-0
Lawro was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan.
*Does not include score for postponed games
Lawro's best score: 160 points (week 19 v Guy Mowbray)
Lawro's worst score: 20 points (week one v Graeme Swann & week 23 v Ice Cube and Kevin Hart)


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Question: Huddersfield's reward for knocking out Challenge Cup holders Leeds Rhinos to reach the last eight is a home draw with West Yorkshire rivals Wakefield in the quarter-finals.

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Warrington Wolves also have a derby date, paired with Cheshire neighbours Widnes at the Halliwell Jones Stadium.
Wigan Warriors host Castleford Tigers, whom they also met at this stage of the competition in 1986 and 2014.
St Helens' conquerors Hull FC will host Catalans Dragons at the KCom Stadium.
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The four quarter-final ties will be played on 24-26 June.
There are no teams from outside Super League left in the competition after Batley, Oldham, Toulouse, Dewsbury and Halifax were all beaten at the sixth-round stage.
Hull FC v Catalans Dragons
Wigan Warriors v Castleford Tigers
Warrington Wolves v Widnes Vikings
Huddersfield Giants v Wakefield Trinity Wildcats

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Inu was punished for a dangerous throw on Huddersfield prop Eorl Crabtree.
Huddersfield centre Joe Wardle and Castleford forward Matt Cook will miss their side's next two games.
Wardle was sent off against the Dragons after a high tackle on Remi Casty, while Cook admitted a dangerous tackle on Warrington hooker Brad Dwyer.
Wardle will miss his side's trip to Wakefield on Friday and Monday's home game against Salford, while Cook will sit out his club's derby against Leeds on Thursday as well as their trip to Catalans on Monday.


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Question: Help is at hand for anyone who has shot a shaky video while cycling, climbing, kayaking or engaging in any other high-speed sport.

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Microsoft researchers have found a way to stabilise films and speed them up to make them more watchable.
To fix the images, the software analyses footage and creates new frames to smooth out camera jumps.
The team is currently working on ways to turn the research into a Windows application.
First-person videos shot on wearable cameras such as the GoPro were becoming more popular, said the researchers, but could be "dead boring" to watch at normal speed and almost unwatchable when sped up, because of the exaggerated camera-shake that caused.
While image-stabilisation software was already available, such programs typically did a poor job of coping with sped-up footage of any significant length, said the computer scientists in a webpage documenting their work.
To solve the problem, the "hyperlapse" software, developed by Johannes Kopf, Michael Cohen and Richard Szeliski, subjects footage to a three-stage process.
The first analyses a video to spot significant features in each scene and create a very approximate reconstruction of the part of the world the camera travelled through.
The second stage involves working out the smoothest path the camera could take through this virtual reconstruction.
The third part of the process renders a film in which the camera travels this smoother path.
At this stage, extra frames are generated and added to remove jumps in the original footage and to fill in around the smooth path of the camera.

The 43-year-old died while attempting a wingsuit flight from the 7,500 ft (2,286m) Taft Point promontory in Yosemite National Park, a park spokesman said.
Fellow extreme athlete Graham Hunt also died as the pair attempted to fly at high speed.
Rescuers found the bodies soon after contact had been lost with the men.
The men were wearing skin tight suits with batwing sleeves and a flap between their legs to help them glide.
Park ranger Scott Gediman said that their parachutes had not been deployed.
"This is a horrible incident, and our deepest sympathies go out to their friends and family," Mr Gediman told the AP news agency. "This is a huge loss for all of us."
Such stunts are illegal in the National Park but enthusiasts frequently manage to evade the authorities.
My vision turns black and white except for the searing red line.
Sounds fade. I feel faint, face flushed with heat.
My muscles tense, but I hold calmness in my centre and loosen my arms from the shoulders to my fingertips.
The moment sickens me, and my mind tries to stop it, but I command myself to walk.
From deanspotter.com
Base jumping: 'It's an addiction'
The world of extreme sport has paid tribute to Potter, a climber who continuously pushed the limits of what was possible.
He was a leading practitioner of "extreme highlining": walking across a tightrope between rock formations with only a parachute for safety.
Those who worked with him say that base jumping - basically jumping from a fixed structure like a building or cliff - was possibly his greatest risk.
"Base jumping is the most dangerous thing you can do... every time you jump it's a roll of the dice," photographer Corey Rich told the AP news agency.
"The odds are not in your favour, and sadly Dean pulled the unlucky card."
Last year the nutrition company Clif Bar withdrew their sponsorship of Potter and four other top climbers, as it felt uncomfortable with the risks that they were taking.
Potter was the first to climb Yosemite's three most famous big walls in a single day. Earlier this month he set a record for the fastest ascent of one the park's most well known rock formations, the Half Dome,
He was also renowned for his high-line walks and high-risk parachute jumps, some of which he carried out with his dog, Whisper.
Last year he released a 22-minute long film, When Dogs Fly that chronicled Whisper's extreme adventures. Although it became a viral sensation, it also attracted criticism from animal rights activists.
Climber Doug Robinson told the BBC that Potter had always sought to take on new challenges.
"We're very sad about Dean Potter's death, but not very surprised," he told BBC Newsday, "he was pushing the envelope all his life."


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Question: A games developer who had to leave her home after receiving threats at the height of the Gamergate furore has set up a support group for other victims.

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Zoe Quinn said abuse online was seen as less serious than in the "real world".
She said her group, Crash Override, helped people to prevent attacks online, as well as to deal with them when they did arise.
Caroline Criado-Perez, herself a victim of online abuse, said she would have "loved" such a service.
"I am grateful to her on behalf of women who are going to go through this and who cannot protect themselves. A lot of people are not internet-savvy, but their abusers are," she said.
Zoe Quinn became the target of harassment after details of her private life were released online by an ex-boyfriend.
It was claimed that she had had a relationship with a gaming journalist, sparking what became known as Gamergate.
Its adherents said the movement was about journalistic ethics. Others said the most common targets for abuse were women and that it was a front for misogyny, which many Gamergaters denied.
In October last year, Ms Quinn told the BBC that she was keeping a file containing the names of women she said had left the gaming industry as a result of the abuse.
And, while she had seen women being attacked online before, she said, Gamergate had been "the straw that broke the camel's back", convincing her to set up the help group Crash Override, which is being run with games producer Alex Lifschitz.
"There's websites that are institutions to perpetuating this kind of online mob abuse, so it's not like this is new," she told the BBC.
Both she and Ms Criado-Perez, who was targeted after campaigning to put a picture of Jane Austen on Â£10 notes, agreed that there was a damaging perception that online abuse was less severe than that occurring in the "real world".
They also said that many law enforcement agencies did not understand the technology involved.
Ms Quinn said Crash Override monitored sites online where people were known to gather to coordinate attacks.
She pointed to one case in which she said her group of volunteers - all of whom have been victims of similar attacks and have asked to remain anonymous - had been able to warn police that an attack was being planned.
She said that a "swatting" - where a call is made to police in the hope that they will send officers to the target's house - had been in the offing. As a result, she said, officers had been able to "de-escalate" the situation.
Ms Quinn said that she first began gathering intelligence on how mobs of people grouped together online to harass their targets when she was being attacked herself.
She said that others had described such similarities in the tactics used against them that it had become clear the attacks were systematic and coordinated. That, she said, allowed the group of volunteers to "map" expected attacks.
The journalist Andrew Todd said he had been able to watch people "discuss how best to ruin my life" on a message board after writing an article critical of the Gamergate movement.
"It's a very violating thing having your whole identity get pored over," he told the BBC.
He said that Crash Override had advised him on how to secure his online accounts, to inform the police of any potential threats and prevent any further attacks. He said it had also provided him with emotional support.
The group is not seeking any funding but acknowledged its resources would limit its capabilities.
It was providing its service free to anyone who feared becoming a victim of an online mob, particularly those seeking to "dox" them - or release their most personal details online, Ms Quinn said.
Other groups offer services for people who feel they are being harassed, but few focus specifically on coordinated attacks by online mobs. Get Safe Online, for example, said it had been studying the issue but had not yet launched a specialised service.

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In a memo to staff, leaked to tech news website the Verge, he said that bullying behaviour on the network was driving users away.
He promised tougher action to deal with abusers.
A series of high-profile users have quit Twitter in recent months, citing online abuse.
In his memo to staff, Mr Costolo wrote: "We suck at dealing with abuse and trolls on the platform and we've sucked at it for years.
"It's no secret that the rest of the world talks about it every day. We lose core user after core user by not addressing simple trolling issues that they face every day."
His words echo a December blog post in which the company admitted that it "was nowhere near being done making changes in this area".
It promises that, in coming months, it will bring in further user controls and improvements in the way users can report abusive accounts.
The debate over so-called internet trolls - people who use social media accounts to abuse others - has been attracting headlines for several years now.
The daughter of actor Robin Williams signed off Twitter following taunts about her father's suicide.
Screenwriter Jane Goldman deleted her account following abuse of her family.
And Sara Payne, whose daughter Sarah was abducted and murdered in 2000, said she was leaving the social media network after years of online harassment.
Increasingly victims of trolling are confronting their bullies.
When a troll targeted US journalist Lindy West, setting up an account in her dead father's name, she wrote about it.
After describing some of the abuse, she received an email from the troll, apologising for his behaviour.
And Isabella Sorley, who was jailed after posting abusive messages on Twitter about feminist campaigner Caroline Criado-Perez, has been attempting to make amends, appearing in media interviews condemning her own words and urging other young people not to follow in her footsteps.
Twitter's confession about how it deals with online abuse comes ahead of rumours that it is about to strike a deal with Google to make its 140-character updates more searchable on Google.
The deal may be confirmed when the firm releases its financial results for 2014, expected on 5 February.


Question:
this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article:
Fewshots:
'['Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details', 'Rugby is ahead of other sports when it comes to dealing with concussion, says Wales captain Sam Warburton.']' == '['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'Fellow Welshman George North suffered his latest head injury while playing for Northampton on Saturday.\nTV replays appeared to show North lying motionless for a short time but he was allowed to play on after passing a mandatory pitch-side assessment.\n"They are really cautious now. A lot more sports are a lot worse off than rugby," said Warburton.\n"With rugby if you show any concussive symptom in Wales anyway, as much as a headache, you come off and you\'re not going back on.\n"They\'re really cautious now. In boxing, you\'ll see guys get concussed multiple concussions in one round and they go back out and they keep fighting.\n"The protocols we go through in Wales are brilliant. We\'ve had lectures as players saying your life could be at risk with multiple concussions.\n"Rugby\'s doing as much as it can and making it as safe as possible."\nNorth\'s injury caused English rugby officials to hold a meeting to assess the way in which the incident was handled.\nThe outcome of Premiership Rugby and Rugby Football Union review into the events surrounding North\'s return to the field of play are expected to become clear on Friday.\nWarburton said his fellow British and Irish Lion is "confident he\'ll get back fully fit".\nHe added: "I spoke with George this week and he said he\'s got a bad neck but he\'s pretty happy with his return to play schedule.\n"He\'s confident he\'ll get back fully fit and he\'s not too worried about it so it was reassuring to hear that he was fine."\nIn the meantime, North has been stood down by his club.']' != '['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'The 30-year-old played 79 times for the north London side after joining from Super Rugby franchise Sharks in 2012.\nHargreaves, who won four international caps for South Africa, captained Sarries to the Premiership title in the 2014-15 season.\n"After seeking medical advice I\'ve come to the conclusion that the risk is outweighing the reward," he said.\n"I\'ve suffered a number of concussions in the last two seasons.\n"Although this was a hard decision for me, personally it\'s one that I feel is the right one to make."\nHargreaves is the second player to retire because of concussion in recent weeks, following Ireland and Connacht prop Nathan White.\nListen to BBC World Service Health Check programme on concussion in sport here.']'

Question: The schedule for the British and Irish Lions tour of New Zealand next summer has been called "ludicrous" by leading figures in the English club game.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

The Lions play 10 matches on the tour, with the first game taking place at the start of June, just a week after the Premiership and Pro12 finals.
"It is ludicrous they are playing 10 games," Saracens director of rugby Mark McCall told BBC Radio 5 live.
"No-one talks about it, because it's the Lions, and the Lions are special."
Lions chief executive John Feehan said the schedule is the same as 2009 and 2013 in terms of number of games and timing of the opening match.
Do they have to have 10 games? Could they start a week later?"
A number of Saracens players are set to be included in the Lions squad, and McCall is concerned about the physical impact the schedule could have on those involved.
"It's going to be tough, and something that needs to be looked at," he insisted.
Because of the schedule, the Lions will have limited preparation time and will be forced to fly out in separate parties, with those involved in domestic finals travelling to New Zealand in the week of the tour opener.
The third and final Test against the All Blacks takes place on 8 July, when clubs will be starting pre-season training ahead of the 2017-2018 campaign.
The Wasps boss Dai Young - a former Lions prop - agrees that the schedule is incompatible with the oft-stated priority of player welfare.
"It seems a bit dull really to have the first game [on that date], when they know the finals are in place," Young told BBC Radio 5 live.
"I'm a big supporter of the Lions, it's a fantastic thing which I was lucky enough to experience, and it's something that should be kept on.
Find out how to get into rugby union with our special guide.
"But do they have to have 10 games? Could they start a week later?
"I know what it meant to me as a player, and I'm sure they can give New Zealand a run for their money.
"But if our players are lucky enough to go, what are we going to pick up at the end? Players are going to need a lot of patching up."
Feehan said: "The season structures have been set in place for many years and the period between the end of the domestic/European season and the first tour match is the same as it was in 2009 and 2013.
"Likewise, the number of matches (10 games in New Zealand in 2017) was agreed with Sanzar [governing body of Super Rugby and The Rugby Championship in the southern hemisphere] a long time ago and is the same as the 2009 and 2013 tours.
"Ideally we want as much preparation time as possible but the domestic and European season is complex and we understand the pressures on clubs, provinces and regions who are hugely supportive of the Lions."
2017 British and Irish Lions tour fixtures:
3 June - Provincial union team (Toll Stadium, Whangarei)
7 June - Blues (Eden Park, Auckland)
10 June - Crusaders (AMI Stadium, Christchurch)
13 June - Highlanders (Forsyth Barr Stadium, Dunedin)
17 June - Maori (International Stadium, Rotorua)
20 June - Chiefs (Waikato Stadium, Hamilton)
24 June - New Zealand (First Test, Eden Park, Auckland)
27 June - Hurricanes (Westpac Stadium, Wellington)
1 July - New Zealand (Second Test, Westpac Stadium, Wellington)
8 July - New Zealand (Third Test, Eden Park, Auckland)
Listen to 5 live on Tuesday evening from 1930 BST for a comprehensive preview of the Premiership and Pro 12 seasons. James Haskell and Jamie Roberts are among the studio guests.

Etzebeth is set to move to England following his international matches in November.
The 24-year-old is contracted to the Stormers and the South African Rugby Union, but last year had a three-month spell in Japan during the southern hemisphere off-season.
South African sources have indicated a similar deal is expected with Saracens.
Etzebeth, who has 53 Springbok caps, is regarded as one of the best forwards in world rugby, and the deal would be one of the biggest signings in Premiership history.
The deal would have to be approved by SA Rugby and, if it is completed, Etzebeth would act as injury dispensation for Saracens' former club captain Alistair Hargreaves, who was forced to retire this month because of concussion.
Etzebeth would link up with former Stormers Michael Rhodes and Schalk Burger at Allianz Park, and the move will raise further concerns in the southern hemisphere about the player exodus to clubs in France and England.
One of the leading administrators in South African, New Zealand, Australian and Argentinean Rugby (SANZAAR) told the BBC last week that the financial might of clubs in Europe was the "biggest challenge" to their unions.


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Question: Virgin Atlantic is cutting about 500 managerial and support jobs just months after the airline announced a return to profit.

The carrier, controlled by Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Group, said the aim was to create a simpler, more efficient structure with few management layers.
The cuts will be made through re-deployment and redundancies.
In March, Virgin Atlantic said it made a £14.4m pre-tax profit for 2014, after three years of losses.
The airline, based at Crawley, West Sussex, has not yet disclosed the locations of the job losses.
Craig Kreeger, the airline's chief executive, said: "To truly position Virgin Atlantic for long-term and sustained success, we need to be a more efficient and agile organisation that has the ability to invest even more in the areas that make Virgin Atlantic's customer experience unique.
"As a people-oriented business, these are extremely tough decisions to take, but we know they are necessary," he said.
None of the cuts will hit frontline staff dealing with customers, Virgin said. The airline employs about 9,000 people.
Last year, Virgin Atlantic announced a £300m programme of investment, part of which will see wifi installed on all its aircraft by the end of 2016. The airline has also scrapped unprofitable routes.

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Air France-KLM is taking a 31% stake, worth Â£220m, in Virgin Atlantic as part of a four-way joint-venture with US partner Delta.
Virgin Group's share will fall from 51% to 20%, while Delta will retain 49%.
Sir Richard said he would remain "very much involved" after the deal.
He said in an open letter that the new joint-venture would be "extremely beneficial" to the airline, customers and the brand, and recalled key moments in Virgin Atlantic's history, striking a valedictory tone.
Jean-Marc Janaillac, chief executive of Air France-KLM, said the deal would give customers "even more choice between Europe, UK and the United States via twelve hubs on both sides of the Atlantic".
Virgin and Delta have operated a joint-venture for almost five years, plying the busy routes between Europe and the United States.
Competition has intensified in recent years, with newcomers including Norwegian and British Airways' low-cost Level service offering no-frills long-haul flights.
The new venture, which will also include troubled Italian carrier Alitalia, will operate 300 transatlantic flights per day.
In a joint press release Virgin and its partners said the venture would offer "convenient flight schedules with competitive fares and reciprocal frequent flyer benefits, including the ability to earn and redeem miles across all carriers".
Virgin Atlantic, set up in 1984, was one of the earliest companies in Richard Branson's Virgin brand portfolio.
In his open letter, Sir Richard recalled its eventful rivalry with British Airways, the impact of the 9/11 terrorist attacks and the financial crisis.
Sir Richard wrote that as he got older he was keen to ensure that "all the necessary building blocks are in place for Virgin Atlantic to continue to prosper and grow for the next 50 years".
While transatlantic routes are among the most lucrative, Virgin has had mixed fortunes in recent years.
In 2016 it reported its best profits for five years, but the company warned earlier this year that it was likely to go into the red again in 2017 as the weaker pound pushed up costs and put off holiday-makers.


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Question: A huge fire has destroyed an apartment building under construction in central Los Angeles, shutting two major cross-city freeways.

More than 250 firefighters tackled the overnight blaze in the downtown area, which was brought under control early on Monday.
There were no reports of injuries, and it is not thought anyone was in the seven-storey building at the time.
The fire could be seen from miles away, but no cause has been identified.
"It's a large building, about a block long. The whole building is a total loss. The fire did spread into two neighbouring buildings," said fire department spokesman David Ortiz.
Sections on the 110  and 101 freeways remained closed on Monday morning.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

Flames leapt several storeys high above the Interstate 85 highway before the collapse at 19:30 local time (23:30 GMT), reports said.
Residents said they thought the sun had set early or a storm had arrived because of the thick black smoke.
No one was injured and no cars were on the overpass when it fell.
Police stopped traffic and turned cars away from the highway bridge just minutes before it collapsed, according to Atlanta Fire Department spokesman Sergeant Cortez Stafford.
The fire caused widespread traffic jams and road closures, stranding many motorists for hours.
Georgia Governor Nathan Deal declared a state of emergency in Fulton County, which covers most of the Atlanta area.
It is unclear what caused the fire beneath the overpass, but the governor told reporters the fire appeared to be fuelled by a large pile of PVC piping stored under the structure.
Georgia Transportation Commissioner Russell McMurry said the fire began in an area "as a storage location for construction materials, equipment and supplies. The site was a secured area containing materials such as PVC piping, which is a stable, non-combustible material".
Airport firefighters were called in to spray foam typically used in airline crashes on to the flames.
Atlanta police told residents not to drive in order to keep roads clear for emergency services.
Government offices in Atlanta were set to open late on Friday to give people extra time to travel to work.
The interstate is a major thoroughfare in Atlanta, carrying up to 250,000 vehicles per day. It is unclear when it will be reopened.