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Question: Three men and a woman have gone on trial accused of illegally importing 31 automatic weapons into the UK.

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The Old Bailey heard the gang used a boat to smuggle the weapons, worth more than £100,000, across the Channel.
The jury was told defendant Harry Shilling, 25, from Swanley, Kent, who denies the charges he faces, came up with the plan and paid for the guns.
Prosecutors said the weapons would have been sold on to criminals and were capable of "unleashing carnage".
The three other defendants are Jennifer Arthy, 42, and John Smale, 58, and Michael Defraine, 30. All four are on trial for gun smuggling and possessing firearms with intent to endanger life.
Mr Defraine, from Bexleyheath in Greater London, Mr Smale, from Rochester in Kent, and Ms Arthy, who lived on a houseboat in Cuxton, Kent, also deny the charges against them.
Ms Arthy's partner and skipper of the boat David Payne, 43, has already pleaded guilty to the illegal importation of firearms along with two other men.
Prosecutor Duncan Atkinson QC said the smuggling plan was not disputed as Mr Payne, Richard Rye, 24, and Christopher Owen, 30, had already pleaded guilty. He told jurors that it was for them to decide who else was in on the plot.
The guns - 22 assault rifles similar to AK-47s, and nine Skorpion sub-machine guns - were brought into the UK from Boulogne in France on a 38ft (12m) cruiser, the MV Albernina, the jury heard.
All had originally been deactivated but were reactivated before they, along with a large amount of ammunition, were smuggled up the Medway into Kent, arriving near Cuxton Marina on 10 August last year.
But the National Crime Agency (NCA) had the plotters under surveillance and swooped to seize the cache before it could be buried and then passed into the wrong hands, the court heard.
The prosecution alleges Mr Shilling came up with the plan and paid for the guns, with help from Mr Defraine and "loyal lieutenant" Rye, who acted as a "go-between" with others.
Payne brought the guns into the country on board the Albernina, which was paid for by Rye and Mr Shilling, the court heard.
Ms Arthy, along with Mr Smale and Mr Owen, both from Rochester, were allegedly recruited to help buy and prepare the vessel and unload its cargo.
On arriving back in the UK, Payne texted Rye to say "All done".
An hour later, the prosecution says Mr Shilling sent Mr Defraine an encrypted email saying "There (sic)home", and then a few minutes later, another email saying "We now officially gangsters".
Mr Shilling also exchanged messages with a mystery contact, called "B", to arrange delivery of the guns, the court heard.
The court heard each of the 22 Czech-manufactured assault riles would have fetched up to £4,000 even though they were sold at "shockingly low" prices in Eastern Europe.
The Skorpion machine guns, which were originally developed for use by Czech special forces, would have netted £3,500 apiece.
Mr Atkinson said: "The prosecution contends that these guns were more than trophies - they were working weapons and they came with a large amount of working ammunition."
The trial, which is expected to last a month, continues.

A 36 year old man and a 50 year old woman were arrested in the operation on Friday.
Approximately 143kg of the drug was seized.
A 46 year old man was arrested in a follow up operation.


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Question: Queens Park Rangers have signed French forward Yeni Ngbakoto from Metz for an undisclosed fee.

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The 24-year-old scored 12 goals in 38 appearances as Metz won promotion back to the French top flight last season.
"It is a club with great history and tradition and I am excited about coming to play here," he told the club website.
Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink's side start their Championship campaign against Leeds on Sunday.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.

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Ghana forward Dwamena, 21, has agreed personal terms, with the move subject to a medical, a work permit and international clearance.
Brighton had an £8m bid for Dwamena rejected with reports saying FC Zurich wanted 15m euros (£13.7m).
The newly promoted Seagulls have lost both of their Premier League games and are yet to score a goal this season.
On Sunday, Brighton broke their transfer record for the third time this summer by completing a move for Colombia winger Jose Izquierdo from Club Brugge in a £13.5m deal.
Chris Hughton's side have also signed midfielder Davy Propper from PSV Eindhoven for about £6m, goalkeeper Mathew Ryan for a reported £5m from Valencia and winger Soufyan Ahannach from Dutch second-tier side Almere City for an undisclosed fee.


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Question: Attackers wielding machetes have killed a village doctor and wounded his friend, a university tutor, in western Bangladesh, police say.

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Mir Sanwar Rahman, known for offering villagers free homeopathic medicines, was hacked to death early on Friday in Kushia district.
No group has said they carried out the attack.
There has been a spate of murders of religious minorities, secular activists and academics in Bangladesh recently.
Mr Rahman and tutor Mohammad Saifuzzaman were ambushed as they travelled on a motorbike in their village, police say.
Police official Proloy Kishim told the BBC Bengali service the two men had both been struck on the head and neck by machetes.
Mr Saifuzzaman was being brought to the capital, Dhaka, as his injuries were too grave for the  local hospital to treat, the BBC's Akbar Hossein in Dhaka reports.
The motive for the attack is unclear. However, police chief Mohammad Sahabuddin Chowdhury told AFP news agency: "We suspect Islamist militants are behind the attack."
More than 20 people have been killed in attacks by suspected Islamists in the last three years.
An elderly Buddhist monk was hacked to death on Saturday while a Hindu priest, two prominent gay activists, a law student and a university professor were also murdered in recent months.
The killings have been blamed on various hardline groups, including so-called Islamic State (IS) and Ansar al-Islam, a Bangladeshi militant group affiliated to al-Qaeda.
The government has denied that IS is present in the country. Instead, it has blamed opposition parties and local Islamist groups, such as Ansarullah Bangla Team and Harkatul Jihad.
The opposition have denied any involvement and say the government's accusations against them have hampered a credible investigation.

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Nine bus passengers and a soldier were shot dead after coming "face-to-face" with heavily armed militants in Zigague, they add.
The son of a local chief was kidnapped in the attack, local media reports.
Boko Haram, based in north-eastern Nigeria, has intensified cross-border raids into Cameroon in recent weeks.
It follows the deployment of more than 1,000 soldiers to Cameroon's long and porous border with Nigeria last month, in a bid to prevent such attacks.
"A group of people we think are linked with Boko Haram made an incursion this afternoon in Zigague. They blocked the road and opened fire," a police officer told AFP news agency.
The villagers were killed when the militants were confronted by Cameroonian soldiers, according to local media.
State radio said suspected Boko Haram militants - who are fighting for an Islamic state in northern Nigeria - were behind the attack.
Militants were also seen storming the house of a local chief and abducting his child, the radio reported, quoting an army commander.
Cameroonian President Paul Biya sacked two senior army officers at the forefront of the battle against Islamist militants last week.
The decision came just days after the deputy prime minister's wife was abducted by militants from the northern town of Kologata, along with her maid, a religious leader and the local mayor.
Militants have also kidnapped foreign nationals in northern Cameroon before, including a French family and Chinese workers.


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Question: Forwards Lewis Evans and Nic Cudd have agreed new contracts with Newport Gwent Dragons.

Flankers Cudd, 26, and 27-year-old Evans have signed two-year extensions with the Rodney Parade-based region.
"I have no doubt that this news will give everyone involved with the Dragons a huge boost," said director of rugby Lyn Jones.
"Both Lewis and Nic are quality players. Lewis has characteristics that make him a really good leader."
Evans came through the Dragons age grades and played for Ebbw Vale and Newport RFC. before making his debut for the Men of Gwent in 2006.
Cudd has made 60 appearances for the region since joining from Llanelli in 2012.

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Poke, 30, joins the Spitfires until the end of the season following his release by Portsmouth.
He made nine National League appearances while on loan at the club earlier this season as injury cover for fellow goalkeeper Ross Flitney.
Coulson, 21, has signed a two-and-a-half-year deal after moving from National League South Oxford City.
The Spitfires have also agreed to loan Lewis Noice and Jack Masterton to Southern League club Larkhill Athletic until the end of the season.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


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Question: Irish author Eimear McBride has won the Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction with her debut novel, A Girl is a Half-Formed Thing.

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The judges described the stream-of-consciousness novel as "amazing and ambitious".
The novel tells of a young woman's relationship with a brother afflicted by a childhood brain tumour.
McBride, who spent nine years trying to get the book published, picked up the Â£30,000 prize at a ceremony in London.
Thanking her publisher, Galley Beggar Press in Norwich, for taking on the book after years of rejection, she said: "I hope that it will serve as an incentive to publishers everywhere to take a look at difficult books and to think again.
"There is a contract between publisher and reader that needs to be honoured and a reader must not be underestimated."
McBride's book beat the bookmakers' favourite - Donna Tartt's Pulitzer Prize-winning bestseller The Goldfinch.
Helen Fraser, chairwoman of the judges, described McBride as "an extraordinary new voice" and said her novel had impressed the judges with its "inventiveness and energy".
"We felt that from the first time we read it - it stood out from the crowd. It was very unlike anything else we read," Ms Fraser told the BBC.
"It's incredibly original. It has a raw energy we all responded to.  It has real lyrical qualities even though the subject matter can sometimes be so shocking."
Born in Liverpool in 1976, McBride moved to Ireland when she was two years old and grew up in Mayo and Sligo. She moved to the UK aged 17 and spent the next three years studying acting in London.
Published a year ago, A Girl is a Half-formed Thing has already built up an impressive literary track record.
It won the Â£10,000 Goldsmith's Prize for original fiction, was shortlisted for the new Folio Prize, was named the Kerry Group Irish Novel of the Year and is nominated for the Desmond Elliott Prize for first-time novelists.
McBride wrote the novel in six months a decade ago, aged 27, but it was rejected by publishers for being too experimental.
The book languished in a drawer for many years.  It was only in 2011, after McBride moved to Norwich, that her manuscript came to the attention of the newly formed Galley Beggar Press, who published it in 2013.
It was one of three debut novels on the Baileys shortlist along with Hannah Kent's Burial Rites and Audrey Magee's The Undertaking.
Also shortlisted was Tartt's The Goldfinch, Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, whose Half of a Yellow Sun won the prize in 2007, and Jhumpa Lahiri's The Lowland.
The women's literary prize was known as the Orange Prize for Fiction between 1996 and 2012.  Any woman writing in English - whatever her nationality, country of residence, age or subject matter - is eligible.
The prize was funded privately in 2013, with liqueur company Baileys announced as the new sponsor a year ago.
This year's judging panel included Cambridge classics professor Mary Beard, newsreader Sophie Raworth, columnist and author Caitlin Moran and writer Denise Mina.
Last year's women's fiction prize was won by US author AM Homes, who beat the double Booker-winning author Hilary Mantel with her satire May We Be Forgiven.
Homes was the fifth American writer in a row to win. The last British author to take the award was Rose Tremain, for The Road Home, in 2008.
Commenting on McBride's victory, Jonathan Ruppin, web editor for Foyles bookshop, said: "To paraphrase Brian Eno's legendary quote about the first Velvet Underground album, not many people have bought it so far but every single one of them will probably write a novel.
"It's bold, brilliant and beautiful, a book that will delight every reader concerned that the novel had nowhere new to go and reinforce every prejudice of those who dismiss literary fiction as pretentious."
Previous winners include:
This year's awards took place at the Royal Festival Hall.  In addition to the main prize, aspiring novelist Maia Jenkins was named as the winner of the Baileys Women's Prize/Grazia First Chapter Competition for unpublished writers.

The judges said Frances Hardinge's Victorian murder mystery The Lie Tree would "grip readers of all ages".
Hardinge beat bookmakers' favourite, debut author Andrew Michael Hurley's gothic horror The Loney, to win the Â£30,000 prize.
The previous children's novel to win was Philip Pullman's The Amber Spyglass in 2002.
Receiving the award, a clearly surprised Hardinge said: "It is a fantastic time to be writing children's fiction and YA (young adult) fiction.
"For those people who might be hearing this who think that children's and YA fiction is not their thing please do come and explore - there's a beautiful jungle out there."
The Lie Tree, the author's seventh novel, tells the story of Faith Sunderly whose family have left England for a remote island to escape a scandal.
When Faith's father is found dead under mysterious circumstances, she sets out to uncover the truth and discovers a strange tree that feeds off whispered lies.
James Heneage, chair of the final judges, said: "Part horror, part detective, part historical, this is a fantastic story with great central characters and narrative tension."
Hardinge, he added, "brilliantly articulated" the voice of a precociously intelligent 14-year-old in a male-dominated Victorian society.
"There is something deep inside me that wants it to be a bestseller," he said. "It's a book to read in one or two sittings.  It is a real page turner."
2015 COSTA CATEGORY AWARD WINNERS
Costa First Novel Award: Andrew Michael Hurley - The Loney (John Murray)
Costa Novel Award: Kate Atkinson - A God in Ruins (Doubleday)
Costa Biography Award: Andrea Wulf - The Invention of Nature (John Murray)
Costa Poetry Award: Don Paterson - 40 Sonnets (Faber)
Costa Children's Book Award: Frances Hardinge - The Lie Tree (Macmillan Children's Books)
Frances Hardinge was brought up in Kent and studied English Language and Literature at Oxford, where she also lived for many years. She now lives in Isleworth.
She started writing her first children's novel, Fly by Night, whilst working full-time as a technical author for a software company. Her other books include Verdigris Deep, Gullstruck Island, Twilight Robbery, A Face Like Glass and Cuckoo Song.
As well as Hurley's The Loney, Hardinge's The Lie Tree beat a shortlist that consisted of novelist Kate Atkinson for A God in Ruins, Scottish poet Don Paterson for 40 Sonnets, and historian and writer Andrea Wulf for The Invention of Nature: The Adventures of Alexander Von Humboldt, The Lost Hero of Science.
Heneage chaired a final judging panel that included comedian, writer and actor Katy Brand, actress and author Jane Asher, broadcaster, writer and actress Janet Ellis,  writers Louise Doughty, Matt Haig, Penny Junor, Martyn Bedford and poet and children's author, Julia Copus.
The winner was announced on Tuesday night at an awards ceremony held at Quaglino's in central London.
The Costa prize honours outstanding books by authors based in the UK and Ireland and was previously known as the Whitbread award.
Last year's Costa book of the year went to Helen Macdonald's H is for Hawk.


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Question: Crystal Palace have recalled Sullay Kaikai from his loan at Shrewsbury after the relegation-threatened League One side secured survival.

FA Cup finalists Palace have two league games to play before meeting Manchester United at Wembley on 21 May.
They face Stoke City and Southampton and Kaikai, 20, hopes to figure soon for the Premier League club.
"My aim is to break into the first XI as soon as possible and take my chance when I get it," he told BBC Sport.
Shrewsbury secured their safety with a game to spare on Saturday despite losing 4-3 at home to Peterborough United, having been 3-0 down with 16 minutes left, as Blackpool and Doncaster Rovers both lost.
Striker Kaikai will now not have to turn out in Town's final game of the season at Swindon on Sunday.
He leaves having scored 12 goals for Shrewsbury in two separate loan spells to finish as the club's leading marksman this season - and some of them have been memorable strikes.
"It's down to self-belief and practice," he said. "I put a lot of time in after training working on my shooting and dribbling. I'm confident that, when I get the ball, I can do something with it.
"It's been a pleasure being here, learning different aspects of the game and I'm grateful for the opportunity.
"Going into next season, it will benefit me. My all-round game has improved. I need to have a solid pre-season and see what happens."

The 35-year-old midfielder has made 484 appearances for the club since joining them from Exeter City in June 2004.
His new deal will see him remain at the Keepmoat Stadium until the end of next season.
Darren Ferguson's side, who face Shrewsbury on Saturday, are currently two points above the League One relegation zone.


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Question: Transgender people face waits of up to 18 months or more for consultation at specialist NHS gender identity clinics.

Those seeking gender reassignment at one of England's eight centres face a further wait of more than three years.
Under NHS guidelines, an initial appointment for hormone therapy and surgery should be within 18 weeks.
NHS England said centres were limited due a shortage of "suitably qualified staff" but an additional Â£4m funding has been put into the services.
A Transgender Equality report recommended an overhaul of the system, after noting "unacceptably long" waiting times.
There are currently about 4,500 referrals to gender identity clinics in England per year, NHS England said.
The House of Commons Women and Equalities Committee report said the demand for the clinics is growing at 25-30% each year.
It said one of the largest clinics, based in London, has admitted that waiting times are "between 12 and 18 months" for an initial consultation.
At the current rate, it is forecasting waiting times for physical surgery to be at three-and-a-half years, by 2017.
Transgender people in the north west of England, where no clinics exists, are travelling to Leeds, Sheffield, the Midlands or London for treatment.
Ashleigh Talbot, from Manchester, is receiving hormone treatment after receiving her prescription three years after first approaching her GP.
With no clinics in her local area, she was referred to the Charing Cross clinic in London.
"I've finally been on the hormones since August... after having initially spoken to my GP in 2012," she said.
"I elected to go [to London] because actually I was told by the community mental health team that the waiting time for Leeds would be an additional three years."
Transgender people are usually required to undergo hormone therapy for a year, before further consultations at a gender identity clinic.
If surgery is deemed appropriate, they are given a consultation with a surgeon - all of whom have their own individual waiting lists.
Before having any surgery to fully transition, patients must be seen by two psychiatrists - something transgender patient Dawn Pomfret believes adds to the stress of the situation unnecessarily.
Ms Pomfret, from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, said: "I know one girl who was pushed back and pushed back purely because she didn't get on with her psychiatrist.
"He wanted referral after referral and she should have got her surgery three years before she did."
The report noted that waiting times for initial appointments are in breach of patients' legal entitlement, under the NHS Constitution, which requires a first appointment in a specialist service within 18 weeks of referral.
Will Huxter, chairman of NHS England's Gender Identity Task and Finish Group, said: "As with other specialised services, the number of gender identify centres around the country is limited primarily due to the shortage of suitably qualified and experienced staff.
"However, we want to ensure that people are able to access services in a timely way wherever they live.
"We recognise the urgent need to bring down waiting times, and to this end we have met with all the gender identity clinics to agree plans to increase capacity from April 2016."
NHS England is aiming to bring waiting times to below 18 weeks by 2018.
Jenny Anne Bishop, of the Manchester-based TransForum help group, said: "We have the gender identity clinics, they're great for people who are struggling or who are not sure who they are.
"But, for the average person who knows exactly who they are and where they want to go, we just need a doctor with specialist knowledge.
"When the diagnosis is done the person could be referred for treatment and just get on with their lives."
The government is due to respond to the Women and Equalities Committee's findings in March.
BBC Inside Out North West is on BBC1 from 19:30 GMT on Monday.

The target waiting time for referrals is 13 weeks, but some patients must wait considerably longer.
The health and social services department tries to see patients within three months of being referred by their GP.
For some problems, such as sports injuries, diabetes or general surgery, the average wait is about six months.
Figures released by Jersey's health department show some patients referred to the hospital for bariatric surgery are having to wait over four years for treatment.
Data released by the department has shown that less than a third of specialist areas have a waiting list longer than the target.
But women needing to see a specialist before giving birth are able get an appointment right away after being referred by their GPs.
People with back pain, adult mental illness or needing breast surgery, also have less than a month to wait before they are able to see a specialist.


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Question: Road rage killer Kenneth Noye has won a High Court battle to be moved to an open prison.

Noye, 69, was convicted of murdering 21-year Stephen Cameron in an attack on the M25 in Kent in 1996.
Afterwards Noye went on the run and was arrested in Spain two years later.
In September 2015 the parole board refused to order his release but recommended he be transferred to an open prison, which was rejected by the then Justice Secretary Michael Gove.
Noye had argued Mr Gove's decision was "unlawful and irrational".
The challenge had been contested by the current Justice Secretary Liz Truss who said there was "nothing irrational" about Mr Gove's decision.
Mr Justice Lavender over-ruled the former justice secretary saying: "It will be for the current Secretary of State to take a fresh decision whether or not to transfer the claimant to an open prison."

Colin Gunn was jailed for life for planning the 2004 murder of John and Joan Stirland in Lincolnshire.
He claimed his rights were violated when he was moved to a "prison within a prison" at HMP Belmarsh, amid fears he was mounting an escape bid.
Mr Justice Bean ruled it was a "reasonable" decision at the time.
Gunn, 47, made millions as the gangland ruler of the Bestwood estate in Nottingham until he was jailed for conspiracy to murder in 2006.
The Stirlands were found shot dead at their bungalow in Trusthorpe in a revenge killing after Mrs Stirland's son killed an associate of the Gunn family.
In May 2013, he was transferred from HMP Frankland in County Durham to what was described by a national newspaper as a "Silence of the Lambs"-style cell.
The court heard Gunn had arranged for an inmate to pass a note to a prison officer on which was written the address of the officer's disabled brother, telling him, "Well, you now work for me and Colin Gunn".
Gunn's barrister, Philip Rule, argued that the four months in top security unlawfully interfered with his ability to receive visitors and therefore his right to respect for private and family life under the European Convention on Human Rights.
The judge said that "it was a reasonable decision at the time", and ordered Gunn to pay Â£1,000 towards the government's legal costs.


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Question: German rider Andre Greipel sprinted to victory in the 12th stage of Giro d'Italia and then abandoned the race.

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Greipel, of the Lotto-Soudal team, surged to the front on the final straight of the flat 182km (113 mile) stage from Noale to Bibione, crossing the line in just over four hours.
The 33-year-old cited goals further into the season as his reason for quitting after his third stage win.
Bob Jungels retained the overall lead after finishing safely in the bunch.
Caleb Ewan finished the stage second, with Giacomo Nizzolo third.
Stage 12 result:
1.  Andre Greipel (Ger/Lotto) 4hrs 16mins
2.  Giacomo Nizzolo (Ita/Trek) Same time
3.  Arnaud Demare (Fra/FDJ)
4.  Diego Ulissi (Ita/Lampre)
5.  Sacha Modolo (Ita/Lampre)
6.  Maarten Tjallingii (Ned/LottoNL)
Overall standings
1.  Bob Jungels (Lux/Etixx-Quick-Step) 49hrs 32mins 20secs
2.  Andrey Amador (Crc/Movistar) +24secs
3.  Alejandro Valverde (Spa/Movistar) +1min 7secs
4.  Steven Kruijswijk (Ned/LottoNL) Same time
5.  Vincenzo Nibali (Ita/Astana)  +1min 9secs
6.  Rafal Majka (Pol/Tinkoff) +2min 1secs

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Italy's Matteo Montaguti beat France's Thibaut Pinot to claim a narrow victory in the fourth stage on Thursday.
Pinot had led going into the final 50 metres of the stage, but Montaguti over took him just before the finish line.
Team Sky's Thomas finished with the peloton to retain his race lead going into the final stage.


Question:
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------

E.g. '['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', 'Red lines - everyone has them, including Greece and its creditors.']' == '['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', "Lines they can't cross. Commitments they say they can't break. But suddenly the red lines are everywhere.\nA counter-proposal put forward by the creditor institutions, in response to Greece's offer of budget reforms, is full of them.\nPut simply, Greece has offered to meet its budget targets mainly by raising taxes rather than cutting spending.\nBut the creditors - and the IMF in particular - say that is unacceptable.\nThey see it as a squeeze of a different kind, snuffing out any hope of economic growth.\nSo there is still pressure for more cuts in the pension system, and the abolition of a larger number of subsidies.\nThe Greek government may think it has given significant ground in its latest proposal. The creditors appear to be saying think again.\nSo the mood goes from bad to good and back again. In terms of absolute numbers, the distance between the two sides isn't huge. But the political gulf is significant.\nAnd Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras is caught between a rock and a hard place - between the promises he made to his voters back home, and the commitments the creditors insist he must respect.\nBut these negotiations aren't just about budget targets. The Greeks are also demanding that there has to be serious discussion of debt restructuring.\nOn that issue there is more sympathy from the IMF. But there is less from the European Central Bank and several eurozone countries.\nOne proposal is to transfer â‚¬27bn ($30bn; Â£19bn) of debt that Greece owes to the ECB into the ESM, the eurozone's permanent bailout fund.\nIt has a more gentle long-term repayment schedule, and lower rates of interest.\nIf Mr Tsipras can go home with a deal which feels terribly tough, but which includes promises to reduce the suffocating embrace of the debt burden, he has a chance of selling it.\nBut he's now saying publicly that perhaps the creditors don't want a deal, or that they are pandering to specific interests inside Greece.\nThat speaks to the suspicion within Syriza that the creditors are determined to put the prime minister in an impossible position.\nIf he puts an agreement to the vote in parliament and loses, he will have to resign.\nAnd the EU's only government of the radical left would go with him."]' != '['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence!', 'There are still significant hurdles to clear, however. And after months of argument and delay between the Greek government and the lenders, the eurozone wants the new sense of urgency to be maintained.\nThe risk of Grexit - a Greek exit from the euro - has not gone away. So what are the key points of the deal?']'

Question: Successive governments have failed to produce a coherent long-term strategy for housing, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors has said.

In a report, the Rics housing commission said some of the coalition's policies were providing short-term help for the house-building industry.
But it argued that ministers' lack of consistency over the past 50 years has exacerbated the failures of the market.
The government said it was cleaning up the mess left by its predecessor.
But Labour's Jack Dromey said the coalition had failed to prevent the "biggest housing crisis in a generation".
The Rics study concluded that the housing market has not delivered enough homes at affordable prices.
It welcomed the government's Help to Buy scheme - which lends people up to 20% of the value of a new-build home - but called for further action to increase the supply of properties.
The housing commission's report recommended doubling the current target of 100,000 new homes on publicly owned land, and said builders should be made to start work within three years of acquiring planning permission.
"Governments must increase the scale of their ambitions to match the scale of the challenges," it said.
There had been a "near disappearance of government-funded research on housing since 2010", the Rics study added.
It called for the creation of an independent committee to advise politicians from all parties on housing supply, and a new body bringing together private-sector and academic research on housing.
Better co-ordination is needed between housing ministers in Westminster and their counterparts in the devolved institutions, which are largely responsible for housing policies in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, Rics argued.
It also said ministers "must carefully review the introduction of their welfare reform measures and... be vigilant that the unintended consequences do not outweigh any benefits".
In particular, the under-occupancy penalty on housing benefit claimants in social housing deemed to have surplus bedrooms should not apply where the tenants are unlikely to find alternative suitable accommodation in the area, it said.
Rics also criticised the Right to Buy scheme - under which council housing tenants can buy their homes at a discount - which it said "frequently reduces the supply of affordable rented homes in a locality", and called for it to be replaced.
Housing minister Mark Prisk said the government was "fixing all areas of the dysfunctional housing market it inherited".

The money, which had already been announced, will be spent by 2020 on "vital projects" such road, rail and flood defence improvements.
The Commission will be led by former transport secretary Lord Adonis.
"This is about jobs, growth, living standards and ensuring Britain is fit for the future," Mr Osborne said.
At the launch, in York Railway Museum, he added: "I don't want the time when we built the greatest infrastructure in the world to be a footnote in the history books.  And that is what the national infrastructure commission is all about.
"It's a statement from our generation that says: we are going to think for the long term, we are going to plan for the future, we are going to lead the world.
"Now we haven't done enough of that in our country in the past."
Lord Adonis, a Labour-appointed peer, and a former policy advisor to Tony Blair, was recruited by George Osborne.
He resigned the party whip to head the new commission, and now sits as a cross-bench peer.
The chancellor made the announcement at the National Railway Museum in York.
The Commission will focus on three particular areas - connections between cities in the North, London's transport system, and energy.
It is charged with producing a report at the beginning of each Parliament providing recommendations for spending on infrastructure projects.
There will be seven Commissioners, including Lord Adonis. The others are former deputy prime minister Lord Heseltine; former member of the Bank of England's rate-setting Monetary Policy Committee Prof Tim Besley; former chair of the Olympic Delivery Authority Sir John Armitt; neuroscientist Sadie Morgan; former chief economist to the Greater London Authority Bridget Roswell; and chairman of the Victoria & Albert Museum Sir Paul Ruddock.
However John McDonnell, Labour's shadow Chancellor, said the project would detract from efforts to create an economic hub in the north of England.
"We welcome the setting up of the National Infrastructure Commission as it is a Labour policy, it is just sad that it is not being properly funded. The chancellor seems to be selling off national assets to fund this commission because he has decided to limit his options with his economically discredited austerity agenda.
"When his failure on infrastructure investment is combined with the lack of support for the steel industry, and the cuts to tax credits, it means that George Osborne has pulled the plug on the Northern Powerhouse before he has been able to put it together."
In December last year, the government announced plans to spend £2.3bn on flood defences and £15bn on road improvements, as well as new proposals on housing.
The government first announced plans for £100bn of infrastructure spending in the summer of 2013.
At the time, it said the UK had "for centuries been pioneers in infrastructure". In recent decades, it said, "we have let this proud record slip".


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Some of the quirkier snippets from the news in Africa that we did not know last week:

This is because of the expense of lavish weddings, which makes it difficult for them to tie the knot.
Find out more
For eating three loaves of bread, eight chapatis, 10 eggs, two raw cabbages and two bundles of raw green vegetable. The Daily Monitor tweeted a photo of Juma Kabigi's efforts:
Find out more
There was a campaign in the 1960s by some Americans to change the name of East Palo Alto in California to Nairobi, which is the capital city of Kenya.
Find out more
Botswana photographer Fify Loewen told the BBC that she finds it difficult to get commercial products to treat her natural hair so she makes her own - raw honey, olive oil and coconut oil are also in her concoction.
Find out more
A Kenyan bar has created a new cocktail in honour of President Barack Obama's visit to the East African nation. It includes arugula (or rocket) - one of the US leader's favourite vegetables.
Find out more

With the thunderous explosions from the referendum vote still ringing in our ears, Read my thoughts on the new battle lines being drawn up.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: A man is due to appear in court charged with attempted murder after a pregnant woman was stabbed.

The woman was seven months pregnant when she was attacked in Belton, North Lincolnshire, on Wednesday.
She was taken to Scunthorpe General Hospital where her baby girl was delivered. Police said both mother and baby were in a stable condition.
Nicholas Leaning, 28, of Torrington Road, Scunthorpe, has also been charged with attempted child destruction.
He remains in custody and is due to appear before Scunthorpe Magistrates' Court later.

Patrick Adams, 59, and Constance Adams, 55, were arrested by Dutch police on Friday on suspicion of carrying out an attempted murder in Islington in 2013.
They will now be extradited for police questioning in England.
In December 2013, a 51-year-old man was shot in the chest after being approached by a man and woman as he sat in a car on St John Street.
He was taken to an east London hospital where he required treatment for his injuries for more than a month.


Question: Represent this

Question: Donald Trump's controversial call for a "great, great wall" on the US-Mexico border has yet to be realised but a tiny, tiny one has been built instead - surrounding his star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

The 15cm high concrete wall is topped with razor wire, miniature US flags and includes 'Keep Out' signs written in both Spanish and English.
It was created by LA-based street artist Plastic Jesus and was inspired by comments made by the Republican Presidential nominee last year when he outlined plans to build a wall along the US-Mexico border to stop illegal immigrants.
Curious tourists snapped photographs of the Los Angeles structure, while a picture of the unusual artwork posted on the artist's Instagram account received more than 14,000 likes by Thursday morning.
One person called the wall "the most genius vandalism of the star yet," while another said it was the "best thing I've seen all day."
There were also those who were unimpressed by the Trump-attacking artwork, with one user exclaiming that "A Trump presidency is what the US needs."
In an interview with the BBC, Plastic Jesus explained why he had built the 'wall':
"I wanted to create a piece that drew attention to [Trump's] potential policies," he says. "I knew this week was the republican convention and I suppose I was capitalising on the momentum of the convention."
And so, on Tuesday afternoon he took his tiny wall made from wood and concrete, and placed it on top of Donald Trump's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
He says the response to his wall has been largely supportive. "I went to Hollywood Boulevard yesterday to take photographs and found myself in an absolute bottleneck of people taking photographs of the piece - it's been absolutely crazy."
The artist, who emigrated to the US from the UK nine years ago, says he's not a fan of Donald Trump, "In the US you'll interact with immigrants from all over the world and it's one of the things that makes the US so great. Donald Trump's policy proposals are a threat to all of the immigrants."
Donald Trump received the 2,327th star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2007 for his work on America's The Apprentice.
By Daniel Avis, BBC's UGC and Social News team

A five-mile (8km) stretch of the Unesco world heritage site was repaired to protect it from exposure to the elements.
The ancient stone wall was repaired with materials reported to include sand and concrete.
"It really was an ugly repair job," a local official admitted.
Ding Hui, the head of the Liaoning Provincial Antiquities Bureau, said the repairs to the 635-year-old structure took place in 2014.
He said the repairs filled broken gaps, and added an additional protective layer on the top surface "like a hat", but admitted "the surface does not look ideal".
The repairs have only now come to light from photos posted to Chinese social media platform Weibo, where thousands of users criticised the renovation work.
However, an official survey said the stretch of wall was in danger of falling apart and being washed away by the rain.
The affected section of the Great Wall lies in Suizhong county, along the border with Hebei province.
Local news outlets reported a wide variety of materials had been used, including sand, lime and cement. The work was labelled "basic and crude" by Dong Yaohui, vice-chairman of the Great Wall Studies Society.
The Chinese government has specific regulations on the preservation of the Great Wall, which is crumbling in many remote locations. Some stretches have been damaged or demolished over the years.
The law for damaging a cultural relic is strict, with those found guilty facing up to 10 years in prison.
The Great Wall, a Unesco world heritage site since 1987, was built and rebuilt on a continual basis from around 220 BC until the Ming Dynasty in the 1600s, when it was the world's largest military structure.
Designed to protect the Chinese empire from northern invasions, it once stretched 20,000km (12,400 miles).
Several museum employees in Egypt endure a hairy time after the beard on the burial mask of the pharaoh, Tutankhamun, comes unstuck and is rather too hastily glued back on. The authorities are not amused.
An elderly parishioner carries out an alarming restoration of a prized Jesus Christ fresco in a church near Zaragoza in Spain. Bizarrely, the monkey-like do-over has brought in tens of thousands of admiring pilgrims since its creation in 2012, helping to ease the town's recession. It's a miracle.
Not so botched, perhaps. Although some criticised the repair of Spain's 9th Century Matrera Castle, saying it had been turned into a 1960s multi-storey car park, the architect had the last laugh as he walked off with the architecture and preservation prize at the Architizer A+ awards.
Then there are these embarrassing miscalculations through the ages, from Sweden's Vasa warship to London's Millennium Bridge.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Russia says that Moscow is ready to work with the winner of the US election, but will wait to see what policies he enacts.

9 November 2016 Last updated at 16:52 GMT
Foreign affairs spokeswoman Maria Zakharova spoke to the BBC's Steve Rosenberg.

The EU Commission sounded the alarm after the US House of Representatives voted in favour of the measures, despite opposition from Donald Trump.
The bill is likely to complicate the US president's hopes of improving relations with Russia.
It aims to punish Russia for alleged interference in the 2016 US election.
In a statement, the Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said: "The EU is fully committed to the Russia sanctions regime."
But he warned of "unintended unilateral effects that impact the EU's energy security interests".
Several European nations, including Germany, are angry because the new law could penalise companies working on pipelines from Russia, for example by limiting their access to US banks.
The legislation, which also includes sanctions against Iran and North Korea over ballistic missile tests, still needs to be passed through the US Senate before it can be sent on to the president to be signed.
It is unclear whether the president will veto it.
What concerns the White House is a measure that limits the president's traditional right to waive the sanctions, instead forcing him to consult Congress first, says the BBC's state department correspondent Barbara Plett-Usher.
The broad bipartisan support the legislation attracted in the House shows just how wary lawmakers are about Mr Trump's pro-Moscow approach, she adds.
Russia's relationship with the president has dogged his first six months in office, amid allegations Moscow interfered to help Mr Trump get elected.
The legislation, which passed by 419 to three, was described by House Speaker Paul Ryan as a sanctions package that "tightens the screws on our most dangerous adversaries in order to keep Americans safe".
The sanctions on Russia were drawn up in part to further punish its annexation of Crimea from Ukraine in 2014. If passed, they would:
The US already has a range of sanctions in place against Russian individuals and companies over Crimea.  In December, following claims of election hacking, then-President Barack Obama expelled 35 diplomats and closed two Russian compounds in the US.
The EU says it is raising its concerns via diplomatic channels. But the Commission president says that if these are not taken into account sufficiently, "we stand ready to act appropriately within a matter of days".
"America first cannot mean that Europe's interests come last," Mr Juncker added. It is unclear what sort of action he is proposing.
A spokesman for the Germany foreign ministry also criticised the bill on Wednesday, saying US politicians were conducting industrial policy under the guise of sanctions, according to Reuters.
This version of the legislation still needs to be approved by the US Senate, but it is not yet clear when it will consider the bill.
If it passes through the Senate mostly intact, the bill would provide a headache for President Trump, who has signalled a more conciliatory approach towards Moscow.
If the two chambers pass similar but slightly different bills, a committee will draw up a compromise version for approval.
Once both House and Senate have approved a bill, it goes to the president to be signed into law.
The president could veto the bill, but in doing so would fuel suspicion that he is too supportive of the Kremlin, correspondents say.
The bill has widespread support from both major parties in both Houses - making a veto a potentially unpopular political move.
Additionally, a presidential veto can be ignored if two thirds of both the House and Senate vote to override the president.
White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders said President Trump is "going to study that legislation and see what the final product looks like."
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov regretted the US move.
"The news is very sad, in terms of US-Russia relations, and the perspective for their development. And also for international law, and international trade relations - according to what information we have on this bill.
"Our attitude will be formed after careful analysis, and the president will make his decision."
Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov reacted more robustly, describing the vote as "a very serious step towards destroying the possibilities for normalising relations with Russia".
"What has happened goes beyond the realms of common sense," he said.
Russia had hoped that Donald Trump's election would produce a reset in relations, and that the economic sanctions imposed over its actions in Ukraine might even be lifted, reports the BBC's Sarah Rainsford in Moscow.
But Russian politicians argue that President Trump has been blocked in that - by a wave of "Russophobia" sweeping the US, our correspondent says.
The Kremlin continues to insist it did not interfere in the US elections.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: A bid to end hate crime on public transport in Edinburgh has been launched.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

The "drive hate out" campaign is designed to give victims and witnesses more confidence in reporting crime.
A charter for public transport reassures the travelling public reports of verbal and physical abuse will be pursued by the authorities.
Transport minister, Humza Yousaf, said it would be rolled out across the country if successful.
Lesley Macinnes, City of Edinburgh Council's transport and environment convener, said: "Edinburgh is a diverse and thriving city that does not tolerate any form of hate crime.
"The city is a safe place to live, work in and visit but sadly there is a small minority who behave in an unacceptable manner. This charter - a first in Scotland - is a fantastic step forward."
Mr Yousaf said: "There is absolutely no excuse for hate crime or prejudice towards people working or travelling on our transport network and I am extremely grateful for the work of City of Edinburgh Council and partners in developing and implementing the charter."

Cameron Logan, 23, died in a blaze at his family home in Milngavie on January 1. His girlfriend, Rebecca Williams, was seriously injured.
Blair Logan, 26, was in police custody last night, the Record reported. The Scottish Sun said the arrest came after detectives confirmed they were following a definite line of inquiry.
Meanwhile, the Scottish Daily Mail leads with news that the number of people working into their 80s and 90s has doubled in the last five years.
Jeremy Corbyn needs to raise his game north of the border if Labour hopes to regain power in 2020, shadow Scottish secretary David Anderson has told The Herald.
The Scotsman reports that a row has broken out over a major report on Brexit after MPs blocked calls for the Scottish Parliament to get a vote on the UK's final deal with Brussels.
The Queen has been left "saddened" by the death of her former brother-in-law, Lord Snowdon, according to the Daily Express.
Under the headline "Let's Do This", The National's front page promotes a series of reports ahead of the Scottish Independence Convention in Glasgow.
The Press and Journal reports that events across the north-east could be cancelled if Aberdeenshire Council "forces through" a 700% increase in the cost of entertainment licences.
A "landmark" prosecution has been launched against the former owners of shops selling drugs which were once known as "legal highs", according The Courier.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: The family of a teenager who is believed to have fallen from Arbroath Cliffs are taking part in a search for him.

Ralph Smith is presumed dead after reportedly falling from the cliffs on Saturday 25 February.
A search by four coastguard rescue teams and helicopter crew, along with two RNLI lifeboats, failed to find any sign of him.
Saturday's search has been organised by relatives of the teenager.
They plan to assemble teams of volunteers to scour 18 sites in Angus and another six along the north Fife coastline.
Volunteers are asked to wear suitable clothing and footwear and to bring their own food and a hot drink.
The disappearance of Ralph Smith signalled a day of tragedy for the family after two other relatives died at a family gathering within 24 hours.
Robert Stratton, 42, appeared in court charged with murdering David Sorrie and Julie McCash in the city's Drumlanrig Drive on 26 February.
He made no plea or declaration and was remanded into custody.
Speaking on social media, relatives Billy and Gary Sorrie said: "As most of you will be aware, tragedy struck our family three times in the space of 24 hours with the deaths of Wee Ralphie, Julie and David.
"To say this week has been unbearable would be an understatement. Each and every single member of our family is heartbroken beyond belief and we are all still in shock.
"Our despair deepens as at this moment Wee Ralphie's body has still not been recovered."
The statement added: "As a family, we are organising a safe search on Saturday covering as many beach areas and accessible routes as possible, both north and south of Arbroath cliffs.
"Anyone wishing to help with this search is more than welcome, but we must stress that this will be a safe search, as we do not want to put anyone in any danger.
"With that in mind, we must ask that anyone wishing to participate should be fit and healthy, over the age of 18, come fully prepared for bad weather with the correct clothing and has transport available."

Sally Allan left her home in Ponteland, Northumberland, early on the morning of Boxing Day, wearing pyjamas and a waterproof jacket.
Three hours later she was filmed by CCTV on Newcastle's Quayside, and with no further sightings it is now believed she went into the water.
More than 100 people turned up for a minute's silence and to lay flowers.
The disappearance of the mother-of three sparked a major search operation, involving many local people, in her home town.
Then after CCTV images emerged, police divers searched a section of the River Tyne, but drew a blank.
Her family said it was possible she could have been suffering from mental health problems, and set up a fundraising page for the charity Mind, which has more than doubled the initial target of Â£5,000.


Question: represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details:

Question: Members of the Crofting Commission's board have held a meeting in private amid a controversy over the future of its convener Colin Kennedy.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

In September, the board requested that Mr Kennedy resign following criticism of the commission's handling of a row with crofters in the Western Isles.
Mr Kennedy has refused to stand down, despite also coming under pressure from the government to do so.
He met the board members, known as commissioners,  in Inverness.
One of the members walked out of the gathering after it was decided not to open the meeting to the public.
Mr Kennedy has said he did nothing wrong in the row over the running of common grazings in parts of the Western Isles.
In a statement following the gathering at a hotel in Inverness, the Crofting Commission described it as a "special meeting" which was called by the interim chief executive at the request of Mr Kennedy.
The commission said that those present "reaffirmed the importance of working together effectively" in the final months of their terms. Elections to the commission are to be held next year.
The board is due to meet again next Wednesday.

Jenny Laing has replaced Barney Crockett as leader of the Labour group, and hopes to be confirmed as the authority's new leader on Wednesday.
She told BBC Scotland: "I am delighted and privileged that my colleagues have had faith in me. We had a democratic process. Barney has done a great job over the last five years."
Mr Crockett was unavailable for comment.
The new Labour group leader said the decision was taken at their annual general meeting.
She added: "I hope I will be confirmed as the new leader of Aberdeen City Council."
The council has made headlines in recent months.
Last month, claims that Aberdeen City Council's administration broke the rules by including a pro-Better Together letter to council tax payers were thrown out by an independent watchdog.
Bills sent to every council tax payer in Aberdeen included a letter from Mr Crockett.
In March, Mr Crockett insisted Scottish government ministers would not be banned from visiting Aberdeen City Council buildings.
His intervention came after Labour colleague Willie Young sparked controversy with the suggestion.
Last week the authority announced that Angela Scott will become its new chief executive.
She will take up the post in July, replacing Valerie Watts who is leaving to take up an NHS post.


Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Given ['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', 'The East of England Ambulance Trust has said it is running at a deficit after demand reached record levels.'], a positive would be ['this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.', 'At the trust\'s board meeting held in Cambridgeshire, it was heard it has a forecast deficit of Â£10.6m - up from a previously reported Â£6.2m.\nThe board decided it would have to run at a deficit to ensure it could respond to patients and keep its staff safe.\nChief executive Robert Morton said it wanted "more money now" from the government.\nHe said: "If we did not spend this money now effectively we would not have sufficient capacity to respond to the huge rise in demand.\n"And there would also be tremendous pressure on our workforce."\nThe meeting, held at the trust\'s headquarters in Melbourn, heard demand for the ambulance service increased by almost a third in December.\nControl room staff handled almost 7,000 calls between Christmas Eve and Boxing Day - 800 more than the previous year.\nThe service reached 70% of the most life-threatening calls within eight minutes - 5% short of the national standard.\nMr Morton said a significant issue was handover delays at hospital.\nDelays of more than 15 minutes at hospitals reached 7,841 hours in December, the trust said.\nMr Morton said they wanted recognition from the Department of Health that they were doing their "best in very difficult circumstances".\n"We would want more money and we want it now," he said.\n"I think the Secretary of State would give us that money if he had it available to him."'] & a negative would be ['Represent this text.', 'Portsmouth City Council\'s health scrutiny panel heard the figure is now down to 300 hours a month.\nTracy Redman, head of operations for South Central Ambulance Service, said this was "still too high".\nA spokeswoman said the increase in lost hours for ambulances could have partly been due to the "winter rush".\nThe 1,200 hours lost in January is nearly double the figure for October, when patients were waiting for up to seven hours in ambulance queues.\nThe scrutiny panel also heard the time taken for ambulances to reach patients hit a peak in March.\nMs Redman said more than 100 of the most urgent patients, categorised as "red" calls, waited for more than 30 minutes, the highest total for a year.\nShe said the situation had recently "settled down" and waits were "not as high now".\nThe panel was told problems with queues were "more acute" on Mondays, because fewer hospital patients were discharged at the weekend.\nA spokeswoman for South Central Ambulance Service said: "We are not seeing as many ambulances queuing outside the Queen Alexandra Hospital now, however we have still got lots of work to do to drive down the delays further.\n"Around that time of year we do always see a significant increase in pressure on all NHS services between January and March."\nIt is not known how the service is working to cut waiting times, however in February this year a CQC report revealed the hospital had made "sustained improvements".']

Question: In some ways, the latest House of Commons Defence Committee report on the campaign against so-called Islamic State in Iraq and Syria echoes the criticism that has dogged the overall US-led effort from the start: that there is no clear-cut strategy.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Both the US and British governments, of course, dispute this.
Beyond that, the MPs say Britain can and should be doing more than what the report describes as the "striking modest" contribution so far - a small force of Tornado bombers and Reaper drones, and a few trainers and advisers on the ground.
The MPs insists that they are not advocating conventional Western combat forces on the ground.
But they suggest Britain could step up its contribution to the air campaign, and perhaps use more special forces.
They also want more effort from Britain to develop its own analysis and strategy, rather than just "sign-up" to the American campaign.
In addition, they want Britain to respond to Iraqi requests for more training, including to counter Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs).
And they suggest that there should be more use of particular British expertise and experience in the region, to help with analysis and planning, to restructure the Iraqi Kurdish forces who are taking on IS fighters, and to contribute more on the diplomatic front in the region.
In some ways, none of this is dramatic stuff. And the government would argue that it is weighing up further British contributions now.
And yet the doubts and criticisms remain.
In part that is because everybody agrees that this is a very difficult challenge to confront.
The MPs contrast what they see as the level of political rhetoric on the threat posed by IS with the level of effort being put in now to combating, but also how limited that is relative to the scale of the military campaign last time.
But in Washington and London, officials argue that this is a different kind of enemy this time, and that they have learned the lessons of last time.
Hence, for example, a campaign of air strikes that is not on the same scale as previous ones.
There is also an insistence that the air campaign is only a small part of the equation.
And there is general agreement that Western combat boots on the ground are not a good idea.
It is acknowledged that that is partly because of deep public and political reluctance in the West.
The key elements are getting Iraqi, Kurdish, and moderate Syrian opposition forces into shape to take on IS fighters themselves.
The support of key regional players is seen as vital. And, ultimately, there must be political change in Iraq and Syria to choke off IS support.
Washington talks about 60 or so countries across the globe being involved in the anti-IS coalition in some way or another - for example, in trying to choke off IS funding.
But the key players are a much smaller group, including those involved directly in military action.
Air strikes began in August - the Americans joined by Britain, France, and a handful of other Western countries in Iraq, and by Jordan and a number of Gulf Arab state in Syria.
US and British officials insist that they have in part halted and even reversed some IS advances.
But the key question now in Washington, London, and other capitals, is what more to do to help rebuild the weak Iraqi, Kurdish, and moderate Syrian opposition forces - how much support, for how long, and how many Western personnel will be needed?
Then there will have to be the political change in Iraq and Syria.
Some doubt whether these parts of the jigsaw can be put together.
There is the suspicion of "mission creep".
Then there are the strains within the coalition - with Turkey, for example, and between some Arab members of the coalition.
And Iran is a key player, but not - as far as the Americans are concerned - part of the coalition.
All this is why there remain these question marks over whether there is a clear anti-IS strategy that is realistic and workable.

Lt Gen Sir Simon Mayall said the UK had underestimated the staying power of President Bashar al-Assad.
In an interview with BBC Newsnight, he painted a picture of a UK being in a strategic muddle over Syria and described Russia's intervention as "hugely significant".
On Iraq, he described the UK's commitment as "frankly inadequate".
The general's remarks, in his first interview since stepping down, reflect wider frustration among senior officers about the lack of a coherent strategic approach to the Middle East, and risk-aversion among political leaders in the UK as well as the United States.
Meanwhile, the Home Office says a scheme providing funding for councils to "assist" with the costs of helping Syrian refugees for 12 months is to be extended.
Lt Gen Mayall spent much of his career in the Arab world - including as deputy commanding general of coalition forces in Iraq 2006-2007, and Defence Senior Adviser Middle East 2011-2015.
It has emerged recently that during discussions in 2012 of possible plans to hit Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's forces, General David Richards, now Lord Richards, chief of the general staff asked rhetorically whether the prime minister was sure Britain was about to bomb the right people.
Lt Gen Mayall says he argued at that time, "that the Assad regime would fight to the last", but that policy makers had got caught up in the excitement of the Arab spring and hoped the Syrian leader would be swiftly overthrown.
The Russians, he believes were, "in many ways more realistic about the staying power of Assad".
Russian President Vladimir Putin has argued in recent weeks that his country's operation in Syria is designed to prevent the type of state implosion that took place in Libya after Nato's intervention there in 2011.
The British general's remarks show there is some sympathy for this objective among senior officers in the West, particularly after Western experiences there, in Iraq following the 2003 invasion, and in Afghanistan.
Where key countries stand - Who is backing whom
Why? What? How? - Five things you need to know about Russia's involvement
What can Russia's air force do? - The US-led coalition has failed to destroy IS. Can Russia do any better?
Media offensive - What does the campaign look like through the lens of Russian media?
Inside an air strike - Activist describes "frightening Russian air strike"
Following the collapse of resistance to the Islamic State militant group in northern Iraq 15 months ago, the US and its allies committed to rebuilding 12 brigades. But the results have been disappointing and earlier this summer Iraq's forces suffered another blow with the loss of the western city of Ramadi.
Many British officers were dismayed that the government would commit only a few dozen personnel to the effort to retrain Kurdish and Iraqi forces - fewer than Australia, Canada, Italy and Spain.
Lt Gen Mayall argues also that the model was wrong, with the foreign advisers not willing to lead the newly trained units into battle, something that could have, "massively increased" British leverage at a time when Iran was getting more involved in that battle.
"If we genuinely want to stop this and reverse it," he says of Islamic State's advance, "we are going to have to do more than have high-flown rhetoric because this is a really seriously dangerous situation on the groundâ€¦ and our response frankly is inadequate for the scale of the problem that we've got."
As for plans for UK forces to take part in the setting up of a safe area and no-fly zone in Syria, Russia's actions are causing them to be reassessed. "It's very difficult for Britain to do it independently," he believes.
"A bigger question is does the United States aspire to a meaningful role out there and it may be that the Russian intervention is something that genuinely at last forces some really clear thinking."
More on this story from Mark Urban on BBC Newsnight at 22:30 BST BBC Two on Friday 2 October, and afterwards on iPlayer


Question: Czech tennis player Barbora Zahlavova Strycova has been given a back-dated six-month ban after testing positive for a banned stimulant.

The 26-year-old former world number 39, currently ranked 124, gave the positive sample in Luxembourg on 16 October.
She claimed the stimulant, sibutramine, had entered her system via weight-loss supplement ACAI Berry Thin and denied any intent to enhance her performance.
Zahlavova Strycova will be able to return to competition on 16 April.
The International Tennis Federation (ITF) said it "did not dispute Ms Zahlavova Strycova's account of the circumstances surrounding her ingestion of sibutramine".
An ITF statement added: "Or that she (a) met the requirements to satisfy article 10.4 of the Programme (Elimination or Reduction of the Period of Ineligibility for Specified Substance under Specified Circumstances), and (b) bore No Significant Fault or Negligence".
Zahlavova Strycova has won one WTA singles and 17 doubles titles since turning professional in 2003. She has reached the third round at all four Grand Slam tournaments and achieved her best ranking of 39 in July 2010.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence!

The 24-year-old appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (Cas) after the International Olympic Committee ruled any Russian athlete who had been sanctioned for doping would be banned.
The 2012 bronze medallist will compete in the 100m and 200m breaststroke.
She was banned for 16 months in 2013 after traces of an anabolic steroid were found in her system.
Earlier this year she was given a provisional ban after testing positive for meldonium, but the International Swimming Federation lifted the suspension after advice from the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada).
Cas has ruled that athletes cannot be banned from Rio on the basis that they have been previously sanctioned.


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Question: All tram services have been temporarily cancelled in Greater Manchester following a communications problem.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

It follows a "network-wide failure" in the morning, which caused delays, a Metrolink spokeswoman said.
She said services had been suspended at 15:45 BST to allow engineers to fix the problem.
Metrolink said it "apologised for the inconvenience", adding that it was not believed to have been caused by hacking.
A spokeswoman said there had been a communications failure between the control room in the depot and trams on the network.
She added that the operator was unable to estimate when services would resume. Commuters are advised to use their tram tickets on local buses and Northern Rail services instead.
Extra staff would be available to advise at tram stations, Metrolink said.
In May, the tram network was shut down because control room staff lost visible sight of trams.
Metrolink tweeted that it planned for "services to run as usual" from Sunday morning "following disruption to the network on Saturday".

Greater Manchester Police were called to the Westcoast Train Care facility on Kirkmanshulme Lane, Longsight, just before 02:30 BST.
A cordon was put in place while the bag was examined.
Police at the scene later said there was "not believed to be any threat to the public" and the investigation was passed to British Transport Police.
However, delays of up to 30 minutes to and from the station were expected until 11:00.
Commuters are already facing road delays in the city while a hole which has closed part of the Mancunian Way is filled in.
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Question: It's the 35th anniversary this month of the Limehouse Declaration that led to the founding of the Social Democratic Party (SDP).

21 January 2016 Last updated at 11:45 GMT
Back in 1981, the so-called "Gang of Four" senior Labour politicians broke off - partly in protest at the leftward drift of their party.
Could history repeat itself? Very possibly, according to two surviving members of the Gang of Four - Shirley Williams and David Owen. They spoke to BBC Newsnight's Lewis Goodall as part of a look back at that landmark moment.

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Michael Foot died in 2010, aged 96. At his death, he was hailed by some as one of the great figures of the 20th Century Labour movement, even if others remembered him rather less generously as a disorganised and weak leader out of step with the times.
Mr Foot did, though, resemble some modern-day politicians in one respect: he graduated in politics, philosophy and economics from Oxford.
He first stood (unsuccessfully) for election in 1935, before going on to become a hugely successful and influential journalist and author.
He was also a founding member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, and built a reputation as a formidable orator and parliamentarian.
He served as Harold Wilson's Employment Secretary in 1974, a tough role at a time of fraught industrial relations, before becoming leader of the House of Commons in 1976.
Mr Foot was elected leader of the Labour Party in 1980, presenting himself as the candidate to unite the warring right and left wings of the party.
But Labour continued to tear itself apart after he became leader.
There were problems with the Militant Tendency - a group of a few thousand activists bent on turning Labour into a Trotskyist movement.
The rifts and divisions worsened with the formation of the breakaway Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981.
Mr Foot soldiered on, presiding over Labour's disastrous defeat at the hands of Margaret Thatcher in the 1983 general election.
Mrs Thatcher won a massive majority of 144.
Labour won just below 28% of the vote.
The defeat was its worst showing since 1918, even though in later years some credited Mr Foot with holding the party together in one of the most turbulent periods in its history.
The 1983 election remains a sore point in Labour political folklore.
Mr Foot campaigned on a platform that included:
The Labour manifesto, 700 pages long, and in retrospect rather optimistically entitled The New Hope for Britain, did not bother to summarise the policies but instead simply included everything to avoid a bitter public clash between rival factions.
One story has it that a policy for socialist puppy farms was only just kept out of the final document.
It was later dubbed "the longest suicide note in history" by the Labour MP Gerald Kaufman.
The Labour campaign itself was a lesson in how not to run for office: it started badly and then fell away.
At one point, with Mr Foot under pressure, Labour's campaign committee passed a resolution confirming its confidence in his leadership qualities, only serving to undermine him further, and give new meaning, said critics, to the phrase "shooting yourself in the Foot".
The 1983 campaign, however, saw two future Labour prime ministers enter the Commons: Tony Blair and Gordon Brown.
Paddy Ashdown and Charles Kennedy, future leaders of the Liberal Democrats, were also elected in 1983, as was the future Tory leader, Michael Howard.
Mr Blair now says the politics of the 1980s belongs firmly in the past, even if it was the time that saw him begin his own journey to the summit of power.
Huffington Post: In Defence of Michael Foot
The Guardian: Should Blair have intervened in Labour's leadership race? Of course
The Economist: Forward, comrades!
The Telegraph: Labour is not having a full-blown nervous breakdown. Yet...
The Spectator: Who in Labour will fight to bring back sanity and honesty and dignity? Not John Prescott


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Question: DR Congo's TP Mazembe were held to a goalless draw by hosts Morocco's Moghreb Tetouan in the African Champions League on Sunday.

Sudan's Al Hilal moved to the top of Group A with a 2-0 win over visiting Smouha of Egypt, who are now second in the table.
Midfielder Nasr Ahmed scrambled home from a corner in the first-half.
Nazar Hamid sealed victory from a superb solo effort nine minutes from time.
Moghreb Tetouan are bottom of the group with a single point while four-time champions Mazembe have two points from two draws.
Holders Entente Setif secured a late 1-0 victory away to fellow Algerians El Eulma, to get their Champions League campaign back on track.
Eulma, who were relegated to the Algerian second division at the end of last season, looked to have held the defending champions to a 0-0 draw, until an own goal by goalkeeper Tarek Mahsas in the dying seconds.
The result gave Setif their first points in Group B, having lost their opening group match to fellow Algerians USM Alger two weeks ago.
As for Eulma, they are looking of their first points of the group phase, after losing both their matches so far.
USM Alger made it two wins out of two in Group B with a 1-0 victory over Sudanese club Al Merreikh on Friday.
Youcef Bellaili scored the only goal after 53 minutes to put USM Alger top of the group with a maximum six points from two games.

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Ajax, concerned with internal travel arrangements in Angola, honoured the fixture after South Africa's Football Association (Safa) said they would face severe sanctions if they did not go.
Ruzaigh Gamildien and Riyaad Norodien grabbed vital away goals for Ajax, with Antonio Oliviera scoring for the hosts.
In other first round first leg ties, Tripoli-based Al Ittihad began their Confederation Cup campaign with a resounding 4-1 win over visiting Sonidep from Niger on Friday.
The Libyan club played their match in Tunisia at the home of Stade Gabesien, about 400km along the coast from Tripoli because of the war in Libya.
Al Ittihad are looking to go one step further than 2010 when they reached the semi-finals of the Confederation Cup.
Stade Gabesian were also in action themselves on Friday as they travelled to Bakaridjan in Mali where it finished 1-1.
Two-time African champions Esperance from Tunisia and Morocco's FUS Rabat have a bye and so will see action from the first round in March.
The second-tier Confederation Cup has been hit by the withdrawal of Gaborone United of Botswana and Wallidan from The Gambia, giving JKU of Zanzibar and Mouloudia d'Oran byes.
The return leg matches will be played on the weekend of 26-28 February with the overall winners advancing to the round of 32 to be played from 11-13 March.


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Question: Ilkeston Town Football Club has been wound up by the High Court over an unpaid tax bill.

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Lawyers acting for the club had pleaded with the court to give it more time to pay the outstanding Â£50,000 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
They said the sale of one of the club's star players was expected to generate Â£20,000 within the next two weeks.
But HMRC pressed on with the winding up petition with the club being described as "plainly insolvent" by the court.
The court heard Ilkeston Town's chairman, Gary Hodder, was negotiating with investors interested in purchasing the Blue Square Bet North club.
It also argued that it could afford to pay off its tax debt by instalments of Â£1,000 a month from income from the start of the season.
After a two-minute hearing, court registrar Christine Derrett sealed the club's fate when she said: "I'm sorry, the company is plainly insolvent and I therefore make the final compulsory order."

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The Championship club announced in a statement on Monday that an insolvency court had granted an adjournment "for a number of weeks".
The statement added: "The club remains confident that it will be able to satisfy such outstanding amounts."
In September, the Exiles avoided liquidation after paying their debts and ensuring a winding-up petition was dismissed by the High Court.
It followed a takeover being agreed by a United States-based investment group.
For the latest rugby union news follow @bbcrugbyunion on Twitter.


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Question: Far-right graffiti has been sprayed on a house in Armagh in an incident that police are treating as a hate crime.

Police said the incident happened in the Orangefield area some time between Saturday evening and Sunday.
Graffiti was sprayed on the house and two cars. It included a swastika and the term C18.
The Lord Mayor of Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon Garath Keating described the incident as "shocking and sickening".
"I do understand that it is a house occupied by foreign nationals," he said.
"I'll certainly be trying my utmost to make contact with them through the remainder of this week."
Mr Keating said community relations in Armagh were "excellent, by and large".
"We have people of very diverse backgrounds and cultures living very successfully side by side," he said.
"It's important for this community and all our communities in Armagh to speak out and to say that there is absolutely no place for this sort of behaviour, this sort of crime in Armagh."
Writing on the Police Service of Northern Ireland Armagh Facebook page, police said: "No-one has the right to intimidate or threaten any member of our community."
Police appealed for anyone with information about the incident to contact them.

It was reported that two flags were removed from the hall on the Brookmount Road some time between 01:00 and 09:00 BST on Saturday.
Police said it was the latest in a number of incidents where flags have been stolen from the hall.
They are treating it as a hate crime and have appealed for anyone with information to contact them.


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Question: It has been a momentous day for the electoral make-up of Britain.

Voters have installed the SNP as the first majority government in Scotland's history, delivered a body blow to the Liberal Democrats in town halls across England and overwhelmingly rejected a proposed change to the way MPs are elected in the first national referendum in 40 years.
They have also been to the polls in their millions in Northern Ireland and Wales, where Labour have fallen short of an overall majority.
So how will the results impact on the three main party leaders at Westminster?
The prime minister and Conservative leader has managed to win seats while cutting public spending, something few pundits expected.
The Conservatives emerged from these elections with more English councillors and councils, and two extra Welsh Assembly members.
There were downsides - losing the party leader in Wales, and a relatively poor performance in Scotland.
But these elections were a resounding success for the Conservatives, especially in England.
The party is also looking forward to a much bigger long-term gain.
The Lib Dems have failed to get a change to the alternative vote, that may well have favoured them.
The Conservatives can still look forward to a redrawing of the Westminster parliamentary boundaries that will benefit their party.
Had the referendum resulted in a Yes vote David Cameron would have been in big trouble with some very angry Tory backbenchers.
He will still come under pressure not to concede too much to Nick Clegg, but having failed to win an overall majority at the general election he can now count himself a winner.
The obvious danger to Mr Cameron is that the Lib Dems could be so damaged the coalition would be put at risk.
He is already being careful not to heighten that risk by gloating over their discomfort.
But should Mr Clegg easily survive the post election storm, but continue to struggle at future elections, Mr Cameron may well allow himself to smile rather broadly away from the cameras.
The Lib Dems expected bad results, and they got them.
The final scoreboard made grim reading: With 700 fewer Lib Dem English councillors, nine fewer councils and 12 fewer MSPs.
They had their first experience of sending out government ministers to put a brave face on dreadful news.
They, like many other ministers before them, could argue those making difficult decisions in power often struggle to win votes.
But while they suffered, their coalition partners prospered, and the referendum result dealt a much longer lasting blow than any set of local elections.
The referendum was one of the Lib Dems' big prizes from the coalition negotiations.
It allowed the prospect of electoral change - the desire for which runs deep in a party that has since its creation felt ill-used by the first past the post system.
But rather than winning approval for the alternative vote, which could have paved the way to a more radical change to the way we vote, the party suffered an overwhelming No vote.
For doughty Lib Dem campaigners smarting after a difficult time on the doorsteps that will be deeply depressing.
And yet - Nick Clegg remains deputy prime minister. He is still the man who led the Lib Dems to places around the cabinet table. The demands for him to step down are few and far between.
The Lib Dem hope remains that the coalition government will emerge from its term with an improving economy, and the party will go into the next election with a reputation for competence in government.
For now, though, that is a distant prospect.
And just over a year since Cleggmania, Lib Dems will look at the projected national share from this election and see the Conservatives on 35 percent, Labour on 37 per cent and Nick Clegg's party on 15 per cent.
At best, for them, that could signal a possible future coalition.
At worst, under the first past the post system to which the UK is now committed, it looks a lot like the old two party duopoly the Lib Dems have spent their lives trying to break.
The Labour leader has reasons to be cheerful.
Decent gains in the English local elections are no surprise given the party's poor performance the last time the seats were contested, but the campaign delivered them.
In Wales they came tantalisingly close to an outright majority, and could enjoy taking seats from all their rivals.
That was the good news.
But the result from Scotland, where they now have seven fewer MSPs, was dreadful for the party - not least because it had enjoyed a lead in the polls only a few months earlier.
Iain Gray's defeat and resignation means Labour has a huge job of rebuilding in a nation in which it could once take piles of votes for granted.
The resounding No verdict in the referendum campaign means Ed Miliband backed a losing argument.
But as Labour has been, and will continue to be, split about electoral reform the disappearance of that debate will not break the hearts of too many party strategists.
In some parts of the country Labour campaigners will have enjoyed seeing voters who deserted them at the general election returning.
But any relishing of Lib Dem discomfort will be tempered by the strong Conservative performance.
The party is a long way from putting David Cameron under anything like the pressure Nick Clegg has endured.
And Labour insiders are clear - they know they still have much work to do.

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With the thunderous explosions from the referendum vote still ringing in our ears, Read my thoughts on the new battle lines being drawn up.


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Question: Australian PM Malcolm Turnbull has described himself as both a republican and a "very strong Elizabethan" before meeting the Queen at Buckingham Palace.

Mr Turnbull led a failed campaign to make Australia republic in a 1999 referendum, prior to entering politics.
On Tuesday, he said that during the 1990s he never imagined he would one day meet the Queen as Australia's PM.
"Even republicans like myself can be, and in my case are, very strong Elizabethans," he said.
"She has been a remarkable leader of the UK and the Commonwealth."
He added: "Politics is full of unpredictable events."
The centre-right Coalition leader said it was an honour to meet the Queen, telling reporters he would seek her "wisdom and advice".
It came after Mr Turnbull visited Downing Street and pledged that Australia would seek a trade deal with the UK post Brexit.
Mr Turnbull has previously said he does not believe a majority of Australians would support becoming a republic during the Queen's reign.
In the landmark 1999 referendum, Australia voted against changing its head of state to a president by 54.87% to 45.13%.

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Mr Abbott, who reintroduced the honour last year, said the Prince had lived a "long life of service and dedication".
Opposition politicians described the decision as out-of-step with the times.
The leader of the opposition Labor party, Bill Shorten, said it was "anachronistic" to give the top award to a British royal on Australia Day.
He told Fairfax radio he thought the news was a joke at first, adding: "Why would we give him our top Australian honour? He's already got a lot of them."
Mr Abbott said Queen Elizabeth II had also approved a knighthood for retired Scottish-born defence force chief Angus Houston.
He was involved in the investigations last year into the missing Malaysian Airlines plane, MH370, as well as the MH17 jet that was brought down over Ukraine. Australians were killed in both incidents and Australia is heading the operation to find MH370.
He said it was "a great honour to be recognised in this way but I'd like people to still call me Angus".
Mr Abbott said that "throughout his life, Sir Angus has put Australia first".
"He immigrated to Australia as an adult, he chose Australia and we are much the better for it."
Australia's honours system
Mr Abbott praised the Prince's work as a campaigner, highlighting the achievements in Australia of his youth charity, the Duke of Edinburgh Award.
"Prince Philip's long life of service and dedication should be honoured by Australia," he said.
Australia is a parliamentary democracy that retains Britain's monarch as its head of state.
Recent polls suggest enthusiasm for making Australia a republic has dwindled since a 1999 referendum, when 45% of voters were in favour.
Most Australians at the time elected to maintain the status quo. The republican movement was split between those who wanted an elected president and those who preferred a parliamentary appointee.
HRH The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Earl of Merioneth and Baron Greenwich, KG (Knight of the Garter), KT (Knight of the Thistle), OM (Order of Merit), GBE (Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire), AC (Companion of the Order of Australia), QSO (Companion of The Queen's Service Order), PC (Privy Counsellor).
He also holds many foreign orders and decorations, as well as honorary appointments and ranks in the Armed Services.
In a speech on Sunday, Mr Shorten had argued that Australians should rally behind the idea of a republic.
"Let us have the courage to ask ourselves if we measure up to more than just a grab-bag of cliches," he said. "Let us declare that our head of state should be one of us."
Opposition politicians have also criticised Mr Abbott's decision and its timing.
"As we try to reflect upon our nation... one of Australia's highest honours goes to someone who's not part of our community really," the former premier of Western Australia, Geoff Gallop, told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC).
"In effect this is the eccentricity of Tony Abbott's views on our constitution coming through," he was quoted as saying. "It certainly doesn't reflect the view of the Australian people through a meritocratic process."
Greens leader Christine Milne told Fairfax Media: "There are plenty of wonderful people right here who are worthy of recognition."
"But this is Tony Abbott - stuck on what Australia was and failing to notice all that we are, or have any vision or pathway towards all that we can be."


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Question: Stoke City manager Mark Hughes is disappointed news of Saido Berahino's two-month ban was made public.

Striker Berahino joined the Potters from West Brom last month, and came off the bench as the Baggies won Saturday's match between the sides 1-0.
Newspaper reports on Thursday claimed Berahino was banned after failing an out-of-competition drugs test.
"We knew at some point it would come out but it's a disappointment," said Hughes.
"It's probably disappointing for West Brom too because clearly they were able to keep the issue discreetly under wraps for six or seven months and, lo and behold, two days before a game against his new club it comes out.
"It's a shame as people would suggest maybe West Brom had something to do with that. I'm not saying that, you can interpret it like that."
It is understood Albion are adamant they did everything above board and that once a deal was struck - and before money changed hands - Stoke were fully briefed.

The 23-year-old's contract had been due to expire at the end of the season, and the Baggies offered him a new deal for a third time in December.
He has not played since September and his relationship with the club had broken down since the 2014-15 campaign.
"I've had a tough two years but everything happens for a reason. I'm mentally stronger now," Berahino said
"Now I am finally here I just can't wait to start. For Stoke to show their faith in me is unbelievable," he added.
"On match fitness I am not there yet, but I am going to work hard to get myself back so I can help my new team-mates climb the table."
Stoke chief executive Tony Scholes said: "We've signed a young English striker who has already proven his ability in the Premier League.
"After a frustrating period he's now desperately keen to reignite his career and we look forward to seeing him do that with us."
Berahino reacted angrily to a bid from Tottenham being turned down on transfer deadline day in summer 2015 and two months later tweeted that he would never play for West Brom again under then-chairman Jeremy Peace.
And in January 2015, he scored four goals but barely celebrated in what was interpreted as a sign of his growing disillusionment at the Hawthorns.
Speaking after Saturday's 4-0 defeat by Spurs, West Brom boss - and former Stoke manager - Tony Pulis had said Berahino would not be sold "unless it is right for the club".
He added: "It has to be a two-way situation. That has always been the situation; we will not sell the lad because it suits him."
England Under-21 forward Berahino is the Potters' second signing of this transfer window after the loan deal for Derby keeper Lee Grant was made permanent.
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