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Question: New technology will soon allow people to shop in stores with payments being taken automatically and invisibly, a credit card boss says.

4 December 2016 Last updated at 00:49 GMT
Amer Sajed, the chief executive of Barclaycard, gives BBC personal finance reporter Kevin Peachey his vision of the future.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

And at busy times, this can mean standing in queues or hanging around for ages waiting for the restaurant bill to arrive.
All that could be about to change.
"Payments are vanishing inside apps," explains Dave Birch, a payments expert at Consult Hyperion. "That's where all the interesting stuff is going on."
Take the Starbucks or Hailo apps for example. They let customers pay for products and services via apps linked to bank services - there's no need for physical interaction with a terminal at all. And at Starbucks, that means you don't have to join a queue for the till before you get your coffee.
Apple, Google and Samsung have all anticipated the significance of this and offer in-app payments via their own apps.
And MasterCard's Qkr! app, available for both Android and iOS phones - and most types of payment card - enables customers to settle the food and drinks bill without the need to bother staff, saving time and hassle.
So far only Wagamama, ASK Italian and Zizzi restaurants have integrated their systems with the Qkr! app, but MasterCard says the Carluccio's chain and Young's brewery pubs will be "coming soon".
The idea that our phones - indispensable, of course - could take on the functionality of our wallets has long been the dream of smartphone makers.
And tap-to-pay functionality has certainly been gathering momentum from a slow start. In the UK, contactless payments topped the one billion mark in 2015, according to the UK Card Association.
Market research outfit TrendForce is forecasting steady growth in the mobile payments market over the next four years.
In the US, big firms like retailer Wal-Mart and bank JPMorgan Chase & Co. are launching mobile payment apps this year.
And Android Pay, which allows owners of Android smartphones to tokenise their credit or debit cards and pay with their phones at contactless terminals, will launch in the UK "in the next few months", promises Google.
But services like Android Pay, Apple Pay and Samsung Pay all rely on the contactless payment infrastructure - embedded near-field communication (NFC) chips communicating transaction data with a payment terminal.
Yet NFC isn't exactly new technology, and adoption rates for some of these services have not been stellar so far. Plus, US contactless infrastructure lags behind that of Europe.
Which is why alternative approaches - such as in-app payments - that do away with the need for point-of-sale hardware completely are causing such excitement.
This approach is also being adopted for easy person-to-person payments.
For example, Paykey provides a keyboard update for iOS and Android that enables users to send payments to one another while chatting via apps such as Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp and Instagram.
Paykey hasn't launched yet, but founder Daniel Peled explains that the transaction doesn't happen via the messenger app at all - but rather by using the smartphone's onscreen keyboard to direct functions which actually occur within the user's banking app.
"Everything [the user] can do within the banking app, he can do within the keyboard, our keyboard," he says.
The payee doesn't need to have Paykey installed to receive the money - but he or she would need to be a member of the Paym database, which links UK bank accounts to mobile phone numbers. The Paym service currently has 3.2m users.
Other person-to-person apps, like Venmo, are also hoping to corner the market for such transactions.
And when EU regulation comes into force in 2018 requiring banks to provide access to data for third party app developers, companies like Facebook or Twitter may well start incorporating payment functionality within their own apps.
"Once you can connect Facebook directly to your bank account, why would you go to your bank app?" asks Mr Birch.
But there's another issue at stake with mobile payment apps, besides convenience and functionality: security.
"Mobile apps are miniature web apps, so there are many vulnerabilities associated with those," says Tom Kellermann, chief executive of security investment fund Strategic Cyber Ventures.
Around half of mobile payment apps have not had their code effectively audited for security flaws prior to release, he believes.
Users are also at risk of having banking credentials stolen after downloading malicious payment apps masquerading as official ones, he warns.
Mr Kellermann says his advice to users would include:
Security issues aside, there can be no doubt that the smartphone is transforming the way we pay for things and send money to each other.
But don't write off cash and cards just yet, says Ann Cairns, president of international markets at MasterCard. She points out that around 85% of the world's transactions are still in cash.
"And that figure isn't going down," she says.
There is also a great deal of costly infrastructure in place to handle card payments, so retailers will be reluctant to jettison all that immediately.
But as ever cheaper smartphones come onto the market, mobile payments are only set to grow.
Follow Technology of Business editor @matthew_wall on Twitter.


Question:
represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Examples:

Given ['This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article', "Host nation Brazil are still searching for their opening win of the Rio 2016 men's football competition after an embarrassing 0-0 draw against Iraq."] it matches with ['', 'Led by Barcelona forward Neymar, Brazil could not find a way past their stubborn Group A rivals in Brasilia.\nIt is their second goalless draw of the tournament after another blank against South Africa on Thursday.\nElsewhere, Germany drew 3-3 with South Korea thanks to an injury-time free-kick from Arsenal\'s Serge Gnabry.\nBrazil may have won the World Cup on a record five occasions, but the football-mad nation is desperate to finally claim the one prize that has so far eluded them - Olympic gold.\nHowever, they were jeered by an impatient home crowd of more than 60,000 after failing to beat Iraq.\nBrazil had 20 shots at goal, but only managed six on target as the Asian side held on.\n"We need to apologise to the fans, to the people," said Brazil coach Rogerio Micale. "As the time passes and we can\'t score, the anxiety increases, and in this situation it\'s easier to make mistakes."\nIraq coach Abdulghani Alghazali said: "It\'s a historic day for Iraq to be able to draw against Brazil at its home. It\'s a great achievement for Iraqi football."\nDenmark top the group with four points after Robert Skov\'s 69th-minute winner gave them a 1-0 victory over South Africa.\nDefending Olympic champions Mexico recorded a 5-1 win over bottom side Fiji, who conceded eight against South Korea in their opening game.\nErick Gutierrez scored four second-half goals as the Mexicans came from behind to beat the minnows in Salvador.\nFiji held a shock half-time lead thanks to Roy Krishna\'s header. But Mexico, who drew 2-2 with Germany last time out, were impressive in the second half, particularly Gutierrez.\nMexico are second in Group C, level on four points with South Korea after they were pegged back by Gnabry\'s late equaliser.\nThere were seconds remaining when the 21-year-old winger fired in his second of the game via a deflection.\nGermany are third in the table on two points.\nIn Group D, Portugal continued their 100% start with a 2-1 win over Honduras in Rio.\nAlberth Elis gave Honduras a first-minute lead before goals by Tobias Figueiredo and Goncalo Paciencia earned Portugal the points.\nThey beat Argentina 2-0 in their opening game.\nArgentina knocked Algeria out of the Olympic football competition with a 2-1 win over the north African team.\nAtletico Madrid\'s Angel Correa scored and set up Jonathan Calleri\'s winner. Both teams finished the game with 10 men after Argentina captain Victor Cuesta and Ayoub Abdellaoui were sent off.\nNigeria became the first team to secure a spot in the quarter-finals by beating Sweden 1-0 in Group B.\nSadiq Umar scored a first-half winner for the African side, who have six points from two games.\nSubscribe to the BBC Sport newsletter to get our pick of news, features and video sent to your inbox.'] but not with ['represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', "Also on Sunday, South Africa opened their World Cup bid with a 2-1 defeat to Japan in Group D in Suwon.\nZambia, who were crowned African champions on home soil earlier this year, frustrated Portugal with two impressive goals.\nA 51st minute strike by Edward Chilufya gave Zambia the lead.\nThe Junior Chipolpolo added a second after 76 minutes through Fashion Sakala.\nPortugal got a consolation goal late in the game when Helder struck just before the final whistle.\nClick here for U-20 World Cup results from the Fifa website\nZambia go top of Group C after Iran's 1-0 win over Costa Rica.\nSouth Africa tasted defeat to Japan despite taking an early lead in their first Group D match.\nGrant Margeman scored for the South Africans in the 7th minute to put Japan on the back foot.\nAmajita had chances to build on that lead but failed to take them, allowing Japan back into the game.\nThe equaliser came from Koki Ogawa just after the break, with Ritsu Doan hitting a winner for Japan after 72 minutes.\nJapan lead Group D following Uruguay's 1-0 win over Italy.\nOn Saturday, Guinea began their World Cup campaign with a 3-0 defeat to hosts South Korea.\nSenegal, the fourth African nation competing at the U-20 World Cup, begin their Group F bid against Saudi Arabia in Incheon on Monday."]

Question: The UK's first national sperm bank has stopped recruiting donors less than two years after its launch, it has emerged.

The National Sperm Bank said it was unable to fund further donor recruitment, having successfully only taken on seven men.
It was set up in October 2014 with a government grant to tackle the shortage of donors, particularly at NHS clinics.
The Department of Health say the NSB's demise will not affect people's access to safe sperm donation services.
A shortage of donors often drives patients overseas or to unregistered services.
Based in Birmingham, the NSB received a one-off £77,000 grant from the Department of Health to get up and running. The aim was for the bank to be financially self-sufficient within one year.
It was a joint project run by the charity the National Gamete Donation Trust and Birmingham Fertility Centre, a unit at Birmingham Women's Hospital.
In total, eight sperm donors were recruited since it launched, with one later dropping out.
But with the full donor process taking up to 18 months, the bank was unable to generate income in the second year.
Charles Lister, chair of the National Gamete Donation Trust said: "One of the lessons learned from running the NSB is that the level of ongoing investment required for successful donor recruitment is beyond the resources of a small charity like the NGDT."
Laura Spoelstra, who left her role as chief executive of the NGDT, earlier this year and believes more could have been done to put the NSB on a firmer financial footing.
She said: "Once you have a donor at least 70% along the process, you have income. It's a business model. It required a business way of thinking. Once you know you've got income in the pipeline, you can use that to offset costs."
Demand for sperm donations in the UK has steadily grown and hundreds of new donors, who are compensated £35 per clinic visit, are registered each year.
The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority estimate that 2,000 children are born every year in the UK using donated eggs, sperm or embryos. The most recent data from 2014, shows 85 licensed UK clinics - both private and NHS - performing sperm donor insemination.
But the majority of licensed clinics are based in London and the south east of England and treatment can be expensive. The cost of donor sperm from the UK's largest private sperm bank, the London Sperm Bank, is currently £950. The National Sperm Bank was proposing to charge £300 per insemination.
Prof Allan Pacey, a spokesman for the British Fertility Society, believes there is still a need for a national sperm bank.
"It doesn't have to be bricks and mortar, it could be a network," he said.
"We need better coordination and this just highlights how expensive it's going to be."
Mr Lister said the NSB had demonstrated that with targeted information, "more men are willing to become donors and give the precious gift of life".
He said the NGDT would continue to focus on raising awareness about the need for more UK donors.
Following a change in the law, all children conceived as the result of sperm donation on or after 1 April 2005, have the right to know the identity of their father when they turn 18. But a donor is not the legal parent and is not named on a birth certificate.
The first donations from the NSB will be released shortly by Birmingham Women's Fertility Centre to clinics across the UK.
The centre has its own sperm bank, which will continue recruiting donors.
A spokeswoman for the centre said: "We fully understand and support the decision made by NGDT."
In a statement, the Department of Health said: "We gave a one-off start-up grant to help set up the National Sperm Bank, and while the number of donations have not been sufficient to support it continuing to seek new donors, this will have no impact on people being able to access safe egg and sperm donation services."

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Sadi Ahmed was held hostage for three months by an organ trafficking gang.
In October last year, he was one of 24 people rescued by police in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
They had been imprisoned in a building in an affluent suburb, awaiting the forced removal of their kidneys.
Three people are due in court later this month.
They deny all involvement in illegal transplants and trafficking.
Police say victims were lured to Rawalpindi in the hope of getting jobs.
They even were tricked into going to court, under the pretence of getting them documentation to work.
In fact, the gang was creating a paper trail to provide a cover story.
Their victims were held captive, for months in some cases.
Mr Ahmed told the BBC's File on 4 programme that he was taken to a commercial building, had his phone taken from him, and soon realised there was no job.
"There were 20 to 25 other persons sitting. I was told to shut up and be quiet and sit there.
"About 10 minutes later, the agent arrived and said get ready as I was going in for a test.
"I asked, 'What type of a test are you taking me for? What type of work are you offering?'."
The traffickers wanted to test his kidney, and told him he would be given the equivalent of Â£2,300 for the organ.
Mr Ahmed says he was "beaten up, not allowed to go out, we were padlocked in".
"We were threatened that the police would beat us up and we would be killed."
When police raided the building, Mr Ahmed was saved just in time.
He was due to have his kidney removed at a nearby hospital, called the Kidney Centre, a few hours later.
Though happy to be free, while he was held captive his wife and four children struggled to survive without him, and built up debts.
He said: "I had my own property, it was taken away due to the debts. We are penniless now.  We have lost our home."
Police officer Yasir Mehmood says the victims were "very weak and very sad" when he and his colleagues found them, locked behind a grille.
Dr Mirza Naqi Zafar, general secretary of the Pakistan Transplantation Society, says despite a ban on commercial transplants in 2010, there has been a resurgence in the illegal trade in recent years, with as many as 100 illegal transplants happening every month.
He says many of the operations are linked to transplant tourism, with wealthy foreign patients travelling to Pakistan for treatment.
This is driven by a global shortage in organs for transplantation, which allows traffickers to fill the gap between demand and supply.
Dr Naqi Zafar says black market prices for procedures are in the range of $50,000 to $60,000 (Â£48,000) per patient.
If donors are paid, they receive only a tiny proportion of that.
Zafar Shahab, a man in his 50s, says he had a kidney removed without his consent at the hospital a year ago.
He was told he needed an operation for his own health problems, and "did not have the faintest idea" one of his kidneys would be removed.
When he returned home, his health deteriorated.
He says: "I am not working , I have no work. I cannot even lift 5kg (11lb), what work will I do?"
Dr Naqi Zafar is part of an informal intelligence gathering network of medics around the world, attempting to stem the illicit trade.
They received emails from the UK, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Australia and Canada, reporting that people of Pakistani origin had received transplants at the Kidney Centre and returned home with complications.
He says more needs to be done, calling for a proper system of investigation and intelligence, and that other countries could do more.
He says: "We need to talk to the countries where people are coming from, as to how they can help stop this organ trafficking".
The UK is signed up to the Council of Europe Convention Against Trafficking in Human Organs, and the Department of Health told us there were systems in place to prevent organ trafficking in the UK.
But NHS doctors have told us they had seen desperate patients go abroad to buy kidneys.
Data from NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) shows that Pakistan is the number one destination of choice for patients seeking a kidney overseas.
Overall, about 400 people have received follow-up treatment in the UK after having had transplants overseas, since the year 2000.
Medics say cases are likely to be under-reported, and the figures do not include those patients who do not come back, or do not survive the operation.
Vassilios Papalois is professor of transplantation surgery at Imperial College London.
He has seen several patients who have needed treatment after having transplants overseas.
One patient, a man in his 20s with a wife and young child, borrowed money on a credit card to pay for the operation in Pakistan.
The kidney failed and had to be removed, and he developed a serious infection.
He was given large quantities of the wrong antibiotics, leaving him deaf.
Prof Papalois says when the patient ran out of money, he was put on a plane and sent back to Heathrow.
He says the hospital had failed to treat the patient's sepsis, "simply because he didn't have enough money to pay them to do it".
Despite efforts to save him, the man died a few days later.
Doctors say cases such as this this are fuelled by the desperation of waiting for a transplant, and there can be particular problems for British Asian patients, who have a higher chance of developing kidney problems and face longer waits for transplants.
Patients from Black and minority ethnic groups make up a quarter of those on the transplant waiting list, and wait over six months longer for a transplant on average than white British patients.
NHS Blood and Transplant is trying to tackle the problem.
Last year saw the highest ever numbers of donations overall after death.
Four years ago, the Taking Organ Transplantation to 2020 strategy was launched.
It aims to bring the consent rate for organ donation after death to 80% by then.
It is currently at 62% overall, but for ethnic minorities the rate is half that.
However, Sally Johnson, NHSBT's director of organ donation and transplantation, says the number of people from minority communities receiving a transplant has increased.
In "2010-11 about 500 black and Asian people received transplants, last year that increased to 792, that's a big increase over the time period", she says.
File on 4: The Cost of a Kidney is on BBC Radio 4, 24 January at 20:00 GMT - catch up on BBC iPlayer Radio.
Have you got something you want investigating? We want to hear from you. Tweet us, or email fileon4@bbc.co.uk


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Question: A man has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a fatal stabbing in Manchester, police have said.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Shaun Murphy, 38, died in hospital after was he was found injured in Greenbrow Road, Wythenshawe on Saturday.
A 23-year-old man is in custody for questioning, Greater Manchester Police said.
Det Ch Insp Jane Higham said: "This investigation is still in it's early stages and we are continuing to follow a number of lines of inquiry."

Ben Gilkes, 25, of Stratford Road, Sparkhill, will appear at Birmingham Magistrates Court, West Midlands Police said.
A man was arrested on Friday after the child was taken to Birmingham Children's Hospital with serious head injuries, police said.
The baby remains seriously ill since the assault in Hall Green on Friday, they added.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article.

Question: Bolivian transgender activists celebrated on Tuesday as they became the first to be issued with new IDs.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Under a new law passed in May, transgender citizens can request having their name, gender and photo changed on official documents in order to reflect the gender they identify with.
It was strongly opposed by the Catholic and the Evangelic Church in Bolivia.
Similar laws are already in force in Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador and Uruguay.
Under Bolivia's Gender Identity Law, Bolivians who wish to change their gender on state-issued documents will have to be 18 years of age or older and have an interview with a psychologist before new identity documents are issued.
Despite the restriction, LGBTI activists welcomed the move as "a step forward".
Geraldine Valenzuela told Reuters news agency that she had suffered from discrimination and psychological, verbal and physical violence for decades.
"I believe that everything that has happened has borne fruit," she added.
LGBTI groups said they expect about 1,500 people would take advantage of the new law to have their documents changed.
Back when the law was passed, Vice-President Alvaro Garcia Linera said it would put an end to "social hypocrisy" in Bolivia, where members of the LGBTI community often face disparaging comments or abuse.
President Evo Morales has come under fire on several occasions for disparaging remarks he has made.
In November, he apologised after making a jibe implying his health minister may be lesbian.
And in 2010, he caused outrage when he said eating chicken rich in oestrogen caused men to "deviate from themselves as men".
Activists said the law, which was introduced in parliament by Mr Morales' administration, signalled a welcome change.
Polls suggest there has been a shift in attitudes towards LGBTI people in Latin America in recent years.
In the past six years, same-sex marriage has become legal in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Uruguay, as well as some states in Mexico.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

------

For example, '['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', "2 August 2016 Last updated at 06:40 BST\nDiver Tom Daley is one of Britain's top medal hopefuls at the Games.\nHe is no stranger to Olympic glory, having won a bronze medal in London four years ago.\nBut Tom's been speaking to the BBC about his quest to win gold at this summer's Olympics."]' should be close to '['This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article', 'The 2016 Olympic Games kick off on 5 August in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.']'

The measure, which was passed by a wide margin, now goes to the Senate where it is expected to be approved.
It would make Uruguay the second Latin American country after Argentina to allow gay marriages.
Same-sex marriages are legal in Mexico City, while civil unions are recognised in several countries in the region.
After a long debate, Uruguayan deputies voted overwhelmingly on Tuesday night to approve the Marriage Equality Law.
"This is not a homosexual or gay marriage law. It is a measure to equalise the institution independent of the sex of the couple," said Julio Bango, one of the bill's authors.
The bill now goes to the Senate where President Jose Mujica's  governing coalition has a majority.
In recent years, Uruguay has moved to allow same-sex civil unions, adoption by gay couples, and to allow gay members of the armed forces.
Uruguay's neighbour Argentina legalised gay marriage in 2010. Same-sex marriages have been legal in Mexico City since 2009.
In a recent decision Mexico's Supreme Court overturned a law in the state of Oaxaca that banned gay marriage.
The ruling could pave the way to legalisation across Mexico, according to legal experts.
In May, Brazil's Supreme Court  voted overwhelmingly in favour of allowing same-sex couples the same legal rights as married heterosexuals.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: A Galashiels man has appeared in court following a major drugs operation involving 100 police officers in the Borders.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Raymond Russell, 34, was charged with being concerned in the supply of a controlled drug to another person and also drug possession.
He appeared in private at Jedburgh Sheriff Court where he made no plea or declaration and his case was continued.
Russell was released on bail pending his next court appearance.
He was one of two men arrested and charged following Operation Archerfish on Thursday.
Eight houses in Galashiels, Hawick, Kelso and Selkirk were searched during the investigation of people suspected of being involved in the sale of drugs.
A total of Â£1,200 was seized, as well as drugs with a street value in the region of Â£3,750.
Police Scotland say they are also looking for another man in connection with a cannabis cultivation.

George Thompson was convicted of supplying cocaine and amphetamine between 18 July and 21 November 2014.
A jury found him guilty of two charges at the High Court in Livingston.
Judge Lord Ballantyne told greyhound breeder Thompson, of Livingston, he would be remanded in custody until sentence at the High Court in Edinburgh in July.
Thompson's son Stuart, 36, from Uphall, West Lothian, walked free from court on Wednesday after being acquitted of the same charges after the judge ruled that there was insufficient evidence to convict him.
Thompson senior had denied handling and dealing in the Class A and Class B drugs at various locations in the central belt and the Scottish Borders between 18 July and 21 November 2014.
The jury heard he had been under surveillance by Police Scotland's serious crime and counter terrorism squad for months
Officers watched as he made contact with three men who were stopped in possession of controlled drugs shortly after they met him. All three associates were later prosecuted and convicted of drugs offences.
Police also monitored Thompson as he made daily visits to West Cairns Farm at Kirknewton, where Alexander Cameron was killed by his tenant James Smith.
Smith's wife Helen had reported suspicious late-night movements at the farm which resulted in the major police drugs investigation focusing on Thompson.
Police stopped his white Transit van on the A7 near Heriot in the Borders on 20 November 2014 and found half a kilo of cocaine hidden in a compartment above the driver's seat.
A search of the accused's home uncovered two bags containing amphetamine in his freezer drawers.
A search of the farm uncovered three kilos of high purity cocaine and a kilo of amphetamine, commonly known as 'speed', in kennels used by Thompson.
It emerged after Thompson's conviction that he had previously served a three-month prison sentence for being concerned in the supply of controlled drugs.
Det Ch Inspector Kenny Gray from the East Organised Crime and Counter Terrorism Unit said: "There is no doubt that George Thompson was heavily involved in the distribution of drugs throughout the Lothians and Scottish Borders, given the significant quantity of Class A drugs we seized from vehicles and properties linked to him.
"The cocaine was of a very high-purity and we are delighted to have recovered it before it could cause untold harm to our communities.
"Tackling drug crime is a priority for Police Scotland and we robustly gather and investigate all intelligence from the public relating to those involved in offences of this nature.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: The England and Russia football teams have been warned they could be disqualified from Euro 2016 after fights between supporters at their game on Saturday.

15 June 2016 Last updated at 07:07 BST
Uefa, the organisation that controls European football, has given Russia a fine and a suspended disqualification.
That means Russia will be thrown out of the tournament if there is any more violence at their matches.
The problem is being blamed on football hooligans.
Jenny's been looking at the history of violence at football games.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Flares were thrown on to the pitch and fighting broke out in the stands.
The CFF said a "small group of hooligans" had "stolen joy from Croatian fans and the Croatian team".
Uefa, European football's governing body, has charged both Croatia and Turkey, the latter for incidents during their match against Spain on Friday.
Its control, ethics and disciplinary body will rule on the cases on Monday.
Croatian President Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic has called for a government session to discuss the fan disturbances and the CFF apologised to those in the stadium for Friday's match, the television audience and the Czech Republic team.
It said Croatia, and everyone connected with football in the country, had been "disgraced by a group of hooligans that hold nothing Croatian sacred".
They had, the statement said, "ruined a beautiful football festival".
It added: "The incident is the product of the passivity of the Croatian state, and we have all become hostages of a group of hooligans.
"We appeal to the Croatian government, and Uefa as well, to join us in the fight against the hooligans, to finally eradicate this evil that wants to cast a shadow over everything the Vatreni present on the field of play.
"Let us start punishing those guilty of a crime, not the victims."
Croatia were sanctioned by world governing body Fifa last month because "discriminatory chants" were sung during friendly matches against Israel and Hungary. They must play their next two 2018 World Cup qualifying games behind closed doors.
Uefa has brought charges for the setting off of fireworks, the throwing of objects, crowd disturbance and racist behaviour by Croatia fans in Saint-Etienne.
Referee Mark Clattenburg halted the match in the 86th minute when flares were thrown on to the pitch from the Croatia end.
When the game resumed, Croatia conceded a late penalty to draw 2-2.
Team manager Ante Cacic called the supporters who threw flares on to the pitch "sports terrorists".
He added: "They are not really Croatia supporters. These people are scary and I call them hooligans."
Media playback is not supported on this device
The Turkish Football Federation, meanwhile, has been charged with the setting off of fireworks, throwing of objects and field invasion after some of their fans caused trouble during Friday's 3-0 defeat by Spain.
Both the Croatian and Turkish federations already face charges in the aftermath of the match between the two sides on 12 June.
Russia were given a suspended disqualification and fined 150,000 euros (£119,000) after violent scenes at the game against England on 11 June.


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Question: A piece of graffiti inscribed 72 years ago has connected a World War Two US soldier with his 100-year-old widow.

Volunteers with the Eighth in the East project discovered the inscription during a survey of RAF Raydon near Ipswich in Suffolk.
Bruce Glenn scratched his name and home town into concrete in 1943.
Project manager David Cain said his details proved easy to trace because he came from the small Oklahoma town of Fargo, with fewer than 300 residents.
RAF Raydon was home to Fighter Squadrons of the US Eighth Army Air Force during World War Two.
Mr Cain said: "From the records we have accessed we're pretty sure we've found the right man.
"The dates of birth and location fits with Bruce and that he was a driver prior to the war."
Mr Glenn enlisted in October 1942 and he served in the US army for four years.
He died in 2002, but his widow Clarice, who lives in Richmond, Columbia, recently celebrated her 100th birthday by renewing her driving licence.
The project has asked Mrs Glenn's local newspaper, the Tri-City Herald, to put it in touch with her.
The Eighth in the East is a Heritage Lottery Fund programme of community archaeology that explores the legacy of the 8th USAAF during their time in Britain during World War Two.

Timothy Medhurst was researching the life of Elsie Bowerman, a suffragette and barrister, when he stumbled upon his connection with her.
His great-great-grandfather Robert Hitchens, was a quartermaster on Titanic and was in lifeboat number six with Ms Bowerman and about 22 others.
Mr Hitchens also survived the sinking of the luxury liner in 1912.
The portrait of Ms Bowerman, which was found by a local man who was cleaning out his home, will be sold in March at Duke's Auctioneers in Dorchester, Dorset, with an estimated price of up to Â£1,000.
Ms Bowerman joined Emmeline Pankhurst's Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) two years before boarding the Titanic on its maiden voyage from Southampton.
In World War One she joined a Scottish women's hospital unit and was later the first female barrister to practise at the Old Bailey.
In World War Two she worked with the Women's Royal Voluntary Service, the Ministry of Information and the BBC and in 1947 went to the US to help set up the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women.
She died in 1973 and a blue plaque now marks the site in St Leonards, East Sussex, where she lived.
"It is a wonderful thing to be able to look at the same lady who would have looked at my great-great-grandfather over 100 years ago on board a lifeboat in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean," said Mr Medhurst.
"It is unusual to see a female subject dressed in service clothes - she is wearing the uniform of the Scottish Women's Hospital."


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Williams are to part company with chief technical officer Pat Symonds.

The 63-year-old, who joined the team in 2013, is "stepping down at the end of 2016", the team said in a statement.
Symonds' departure precedes the expected arrival at Williams of Mercedes executive director (technical) Paddy Lowe, who is to join next season.
Lowe's departure - from the team whose technical side he has overseen for three consecutive world titles - has not yet been officially confirmed.
Williams paid tribute to Symonds for his efforts in "overseeing a strong turnaround in the team's performances on the race track".
Williams finished ninth in the constructors' championship in 2013, followed by third in 2014 and 2015, and fifth this year.
Symonds has been in F1 for 25 years and won a total of four world titles with Michael Schumacher at Benetton in 1994-95 and Fernando Alonso at the team's successor Renault in 2005-6.
But he was also found guilty for his part in fixing the 2008 Singapore Grand Prix in the 'crash-gate' scandal and was banned from F1 for five years.
He returned as a consultant for the Marussia team - now Manor - before joining Williams.

Bolton say they are aware of the new petition and that the situation is being dealt with.
Meanwhile, financial director Shaun McHugh has left just four months after being appointed.
He is the third person to have held the role in the past year following John Pelling and Anthony Massey.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: A woman who campaigned for the reopening of a railway in the Borders has had a train named in her honour.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Examples:

"['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'Amina Al-Jeffery, 21, who was born and brought up in Swansea, was taken to Jeddah in 2012 by her father, Mohammed, who said he did it to "save her life".\nMr Al-Jeffery has denied the allegations at the High Court.\nBut Mr Justice Holman said she had been "deprived of her liberty" and her father must facilitate her return.\nMs Al-Jeffery, who has dual nationality, says her father took the action against her will after she "kissed a guy".\nDelivering the court order, Mr Justice Holman said Mr Al-Jeffery "must permit and facilitate the return of Amina if she so wishes to Wales or England and pay the airfare" by 11 September.\nHowever, he accepted there was "little or nothing this court could do" to enforce the order if Mr Al-Jeffery "was determined not to comply with it".\nBut he said Mr Al-Jeffery might face contempt of court proceedings if he returned to Britain without having complied.\nMr Justice Holman added: "There are no conventions between Britain and Saudi Arabia. The courts in Saudi Arabia would not even recognise the basis of the claim, because it does not recognise dual nationality."\nHer lawyer, Anne-Marie Hutchinson QC, said she has been unable to take instruction from Ms Al-Jeffery, who sent her emails in December 2015.\nShe said she had been "physically abused" and there were times when she had not been allowed to leave her room, meaning she had to use it as a toilet.\nShe described having her head smacked against the wall.\nMs Hutchinson later told BBC Newsnight it had been a "difficult" but "compelling" case to work on.\n"I\'m absolutely delighted that the judge has said he has got jurisdiction and that he has gone on to exercise his jurisdiction and make orders.\n"I\'m expecting him [Mr Al-Jeffery,] to comply with the order," she said.\nMr Al-Jeffery, who did not attend the case, denied his daughter wanted to return to England or Wales.\nHe said he put up a barrier partition to stop her running away because he was concerned for her welfare, which was taken down on the advice of the authorities.\nHe said he wanted to make sure Ms Al-Jeffery was safe and was not being mistreated.\nNeither Amina nor her father were in court to hear the ruling. And the question now is what difference a ruling in the High Court of England and Wales will make in Saudi Arabia.\nMr Justice Holman said he accepted that there is "little or nothing" this court could do to enforce the order if Amina\'s father was determined not to obey or comply with it.\nCertainly the basis on which it was granted, that Amina has dual British and Saudi nationality, is not recognised in Saudi Arabia. And it is perhaps telling that Mohammed Al-Jeffery\'s legal costs have been paid for by the Saudi embassy.\nHowever, the judge stated that to do nothing "would in my view amount to a dereliction towards Amina".\nThe court was told that in April Mr Al-Jeffery instigated legal proceedings against his daughter in Jeddah "seeking parental control over his child for the purposes of caring and supervision".\nLegal documentation showed both father and daughter agreed to a reconciliation.\nBut Mr Justice Holman said that meant if "she were to run away the police, far from offering her protection from her father, would put her in prison".\nMr Justice Holman said: "If Amina chooses to remain voluntarily in Saudi Arabia she must of course adhere to the law and culture of that society but the current constraint is denying to her the ability to be British and to live in Britain.\n"It is true that she is currently present and habitually resident in Saudi Arabia, but that is due to her obedience to her father in 2012. She did not travel there of her own free will."\nHe said Mr Al-Jeffery "voluntarily chose to live for many years in Wales, to educate and bring his children up here... and to accept the constraints of the legal system of England and Wales".\nThe judge said the fact Ms Al-Jeffery was born and brought up in Britain until she was almost 17 was a "very significant factor" in his decision.\nThe court was told Mr Al-Jeffery\'s wife, from whom he is not estranged, and several of his children continue to live in the UK.\nSwansea West MP Geraint Davies has written to Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson to demand immediate action over the case.\nThe former Swansea schoolgirl has been in touch with friends in the UK and asked them to contact the British Embassy to inform them of her situation, and has also sent a picture of what she claimed was the caged room her father had kept her in.\nIn a statement, the Foreign Office said: "We recognise that this is a distressing time for Ms Al-Jeffery. We have been providing assistance to her since the case was first brought to our attention and will continue to do so.\n"British embassy staff have met with her to check on her welfare and helped her speak to lawyers in the UK."']" == "['Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details', 'A woman who claims her father has kept her locked up against her will in Saudi Arabia must be allowed to return to Britain, a UK judge has ruled.']"

Madge Elliot is renowned for her fight to save the Waverley Line, which ran between Edinburgh, Hawick and Carlisle, before it closed in the 1960s.
Just 95 days until the first passengers travel on the new Borders Railway, a locomotive bearing her name has been unveiled at Waverley Station.
From 6 September, the maintenance train is expected to appear on the new line.
During a campaign to keep a railway line in the Borders in the 1960s, Mrs Elliot collected a petition of 11,768 signatures.
With her 11-year-old son Kim, and Liberal MP David Steel, she delivered it to Prime Minister Harold Wilson at 10 Downing Street on 18 December 1968.
Since then the Hawick woman has actively campaigned for the re-opening of the line as a member of the Campaign for Borders Rail.
On 6 September, her work will finally bear fruit as rail services begin the new 30-mile track from Edinburgh to Tweedbank, near Galashiels.
At the ceremony in Edinburgh, Mrs Elliot's son Kim said: "For as long as I can remember, the railway has been a passion for my parents, but for my mother in particular, and it's become a life-long interest for us all.
"We are delighted that, just days before trains start running on the railway once again, the project team has taken the opportunity to honour the role my mother played in re-establishing this link.
"It's a fitting tribute to her that the engine carrying her name has been used to build this railway and hopefully many more."
Infrastructure minister Keith Brown was also at the event to pay tribute to Mrs Elliot.
"We are now just a heartbeat away from seeing this historic railway come back to life, and that is undoubtedly in huge part thanks to the tireless campaigning work of Madge Elliot," he said.
"This is an incredibly exciting time for the rail industry, and for the communities up and down the new railway, and I am delighted that we have been able to share this with Madge and honour the work she has done over the years."
A giant artwork, created by design student Jane Flemming, was also unveiled near to the platforms to be used for many of the departures to the Borders.
Her work was selected from 80 entries by students at the Heriot-Watt School of Textiles and Design in Galashiels.

Northern Ireland went to the polls yesterday after a snap election called by Secretary of State James Brokenshire in January.
The front pages focus on party leaders at polling stations, but it's Arlene Foster who features most prominently.
The Irish News gives an air of courtroom drama, with a full page given to a picture of Mrs Foster headlined: "The Verdict."
The News Letter reports "firm evidence" of a "bigger turnout," while The Belfast Telegraph suggests turnout is "set to top 60%".
It features pictures of the leaders at polling stations above the bold headline: "Decision Day".
But in an unusual turn, the paper even features an "on the red carpet" Joan Rivers style round-up of the candidates' fashion choices.
Some highlights seem to be Mike Nesbitt's "near sky-blue suit," Arlene Foster's "great coat" and Michelle O'Neill's "wise choice" of red.
The Daily Mirror takes a lighter tone, punning with the question "Arl be back?"
The papers all feature colourful photos of voters - some dressed as crocodiles and even some actual clerics and policemen.
The Mirror, The News Letter and the Irish News front pages report on the arrest of Damien McLaughlin.
He had been charged in connection with the 2012 murder of Northern Ireland prison officer David Black but, after being granted bail in May 2014, had not been seen by police since last November.
Mr McLaughlin was arrested on Thursday under a European Arrest Warrant by Gardai as part of a joint intelligence-led operation with the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI).
On the weather front, it seems Doris may have been at it again, as The Irish News reports on damage caused to a listed building in Belfast.
It reports that a construction firm has "blamed Storm Doris" after damage was caused to the former Bank of Ireland, near Royal Avenue during demolition of an adjacent building.
An investigation has been launched by Belfast City Council planners after the Ulster Architectural Heritage society (UAHS) lodged a complaint.
The Irish News says the firm responded with: "Due to the impact of Storm Doris..it became necessary to demolish the vacant and redundant premises at North Street.
"During this process some minor damage was done to a previous repair". The firm says it is working with the council to ensure preservation of the building.
The Irish News, Belfast Telegraph and News Letter feature the story of a headmaster who's a bit cooler than your average principal.
The headline is "Harley bikers bond with school principal over shared passion".
Colm Davis, headmaster of Tor Bank School in Belfast suffers from motor neurone disease. He's a Harley Davison fanatic and was treated to a visit from some hairy and not-so-hairy bikers.
The group of Harley Davidson bikers turned up at a teaching conference Mr Davis was attending.
There is news of a touching tribute to a life-long Ballymena United fan who passed away after a battle with cancer in The News Letter.
Trevor Burns, who died on Wednesday was "first and foremost a Sky Blue fan", it reports.
On his last attendance at a match, Ballymena manager David Jeffrey brought the league cup over to Trevor. It has been described as a "superb gesture which touched the family".
David Jeffrey says he was "proud to dedicate the win to Trevor".
There are many beauty spots in Northern Ireland, but it seems Craigavon has come out as the most desirable place to live in the region.
In a survey commissioned by Royal Mail, the County Armagh town came out top, with The Irish News describing it as an "unexpected winner".


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Great Britain's hopes of winning a first four-man bobsleigh medal in 77 years ended with a crash at the World Championships in Igls, Austria.

Media playback is not supported on this device
The GB1 crew were lying fourth after two runs, 0.02 seconds off bronze, but they rolled over on corner nine.
Lamin Deen, Ben Simons, Bruce Tasker and Joel Fearon emerged unscathed but they missed out on a fourth run for the top 20 sleds.
"It's hugely disappointing," said performance director Gary Anderson.
"But they are strong characters and I have no doubt they will bounce back from this and be better for it.
"They have shown they are truly world-class and we need to make sure we remember that as we build towards the next Winter Olympics in two years' time.
"They were on course to be within a tenth of a second off the leaders at the end of run three and would have been ahead of the eventual gold medallists going into the final run."
GB's other crew, led by John Jackson, finished in 11th place, while Oskars Melbardis of Latvia took his team to gold ahead of Germany and Switzerland.

Germany's Jacqueline Loelling won gold by 0.44 seconds in Altenberg, Germany and moved top of the overall rankings.
Britain's Yarnold finished 2.1 seconds behind Loelling while Tina Hermann took silver and Janine Flock bronze, with Britain's Laura Deas coming sixth.
Yarnold drops to joint third in the overall rankings, level with Hermann.
The 28-year-old, who won gold in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, was sixth after heat one but finished six-tenths of a second slower on her second run in heavy snow.
Yarnold came fourth in the first World Cup meeting of the season in Whistler, Canada on 3 December, her first race in 18 months following an extended break after winning World Championship gold in March 2015.
She then took silver in the second race of the World Cup season at Lake Placid, USA on 17 December.
Fellow Briton Deas, meanwhile, lies joint eighth in the overall standings after finishing sixth.
The fourth of the eight World Cup races takes place on 15 January in Winterberg, also in Germany.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: It is "totally fallacious" to suggest that Labour tolerates anti-Semitism, leader Jeremy Corbyn has said.

It comes after Labour peer Lord Levy threatened to quit the party unless Mr Corbyn sent a "clear message" that it would not allow anti-Semitism.
Mr Corbyn said he had always condemned all forms of racism and any complaints of anti-Semitism in the party would be properly investigated.
Labour has been hit by several claims of anti-Semitism recently.
Last week, party member Vicki Kirby was suspended for a second time over anti-Semitic tweets. A Labour spokeswoman said Ms Kirby, vice chair of the Woking constituency party, was being investigated.
Allegations relating to Oxford University Labour Club are also being investigated.
Mr Corbyn told Sky News: "The idea that somehow or other there is a tolerance of any form of racism is wholly and totally fallacious."
He said he was "disappointed" at the comments made by Lord Levy, who on Sunday said "it is now up to the leadership to make sure that there is a clear and unequivocal message out there that anti-Semitism in any form will not be tolerated".
Lord Levy had said: "If they don't make that clear then I will start to question myself and actually question my being a Labour peer and a proud member of the Labour party."
But Mr Corbyn said the peer "clearly hasn't been listening to the seven times since I became leader I have absolutely condemned anti-Semitism, I have condemned Islamophobia, I have condemned any form of racism anywhere within our society".
"It is absolutely something I totally, passionately believe in," he added and said his views were understood throughout the party.
The Labour leader added: "We do take action in the very, very, very small number of cases where anything happens and if we hear any allegations they are properly and thoroughly investigated."
Ms Kirby was first suspended in 2014 for making anti-Semitic comments but later reinstated. She was forced to stand down as an election candidate after tweets including one suggesting Hitler was a "Zionist God".
The Parliamentary Labour Party is also carrying out an investigation into allegations of anti-Semitism in the Oxford University Labour Club after it voted to support Israel Apartheid Week.
Oxford University Labour Club has said previously in a statement: "We are horrified at and whole-heartedly condemn anti-Semitic behaviour in all its forms."

A spokeswoman said: "Vicki Kirby has been suspended from the Labour Party pending an investigation."
Ms Kirby was first suspended in 2014 for making anti-Semitic comments but later reinstated.
She was forced to stand down as an election candidate after tweets including one suggesting Hitler was a "Zionist God".
It emerged on Monday that since being reinstated Ms Kirby - whose Twitter account has been protected - is now vice-chair of the Labour constituency party in Woking, a development first reported by the Guido Fawkes website. It prompted an angry response from a number of Labour MPs on Twitter.
Following the fresh suspension, Labour MP Wes Streeting said it was "about time" Labour's ruling National Executive Committee had taken action.
He added: "I'm only sorry it has taken the intervention of scores of Labour MPs, party members ripping up membership cards and a police complaint to prompt it."
The BBC's political correspondent Ross Hawkins said that, although they would not confirm it, Labour's hand may have been forced by a complaint to Surrey Police by Kevin McKeever, who is a Labour candidate to be police and crime commissioner in Northamptonshire.
Shadow Home Secretary Andy Burnham told the BBC's Daily Politics: "From what I have seen, the comments are completely abhorrent."
Ex-minister Angela Smith told BBC Radio 4's The World at One there was "accumulating evidence" that there was a problem in the party and Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn "could do more" to emphasise that there was "no place" for anti-Semitism and to "stamp it out".
She rejected suggestions that the issue was being used by critics of Mr Corbyn to undermine his leadership.
Ms Kirby's latest suspension comes in the wake of the recent expulsion of a far-left activist, Gerry Downing, following criticism of his views about 9/11 and so-called Islamic State.


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Question: The Conservatives have accused Welsh ministers of "misleading" people over why a public inquiry into the planned M4 relief road has been delayed.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Economy Secretary Ken Skates has blamed a last minute "unexpected change" to UK government traffic forecasting.
But the Tories say an official's letter shows months of "significant engagement" between the governments.
First Minister Carwyn Jones has written to the Westminster saying no indication was given of the changes being made.
The Welsh Government wants to build a six-lane motorway to relieve congestion at the Brynglas tunnels in Newport.
But there have been objections, including from conservation groups, about the impact on nature reserves.
The new traffic forecasting system, known as Tempro, means Welsh ministers have to re-evaluate their evidence ahead of the public inquiry.
This was due to start on 1 November and has now been delayed until early 2017.
On Monday, the Welsh Government said the new model was "an unexpected change not shared in advance" by the UK government's Department for Transport (DfT) .
Mr Skates said it was "hugely disappointing that the DfT chose only to engage with us on these amendments to their traffic forecasting three days before they were introduced".
But a letter, written by a DfT official to Conservative AM Mohammad Asghar, states the planned changes to the Tempro system were first made public in December 2014 and the Welsh Government was given an "indicative timetable" for its introduction in "early 2016".
The letter, written by the DfT's Pawel Kucharski, says: "Our plans to update Tempro in 2016 were made public in December 2014 in the progress report on our research programme ("Understanding and Valuing the Impacts of Transport Investment") followed by an engagement event in March 2015.
"This publication set out the recommendations for the areas of the model that should be updated."
It added: "In early 2016 we provided Welsh Government officials with the indicative timetable for the release of Tempro 7 at a periodic engagement event between DfT, Transport Scotland, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Department for infrastructure.
"A high-level overview of national results (not specific to Wales) was presented three weeks before publication, during a general engagement event on a professional forum."
The letter continues: "This event was attended by Welsh Government officials.
"The full dataset was published on 28 July 2016."
South Wales East AM Mr Asghar has now called for Mr Skates to clarify his earlier comments.
"It is becoming clear that the cabinet secretary's statement was, at best, misleading and we now know that there was significant engagement between the governments over many months," he said.
"It is deeply regrettable, therefore, that instead of acknowledging responsibility for yet another delay to this project, that the Welsh Government is seeking to lay the blame elsewhere.
"Despite the cabinet secretary's claims, the Welsh Government has had officials involved at every step of the way since the changes were first announced in December 2014.
"Mr Skates should clarify his earlier comments and issue an urgent statement explaining the apparent inconsistencies."
However, a letter written by Carwyn Jones to Welsh Secretary Alun Cairns claims that while the DfT advised earlier in the year that changes were going to be made, "no indication was given on the scale of changes being made to planning data used within Tempro".
He said Welsh Government was not made aware of when the updated version of Tempro would be released, "even when DfT officials were asked at the beginning of July this year".
"Welsh Government was not given details of the actual changes, nor the new numbers, until they were published on 28 July 2016," he said.
A Welsh Government spokeswoman said: "We stand by our previous comments.
"The Department for Transport gave us no prior indication of the impact that their methodology changes would have on Welsh Government projects including the M4 corridor around Newport.
"This is particularly disappointing as the UK government has publicly called for work on the M4 project to start as soon as possible.
"The Department for Transport's decision not to share base data with us until three days before publication is the direct cause of the delay to the public inquiry."
Welsh ministers have called the delay to the inquiry "regrettable" but said that the start date for building work would not be affected.

By 2018 Welsh ministers will be able to borrow up to Â£500m and Labour plans to spend part of the money on the road.
Plans for the scheme include 24km (15m) of new motorway and a 2.5km-long (1.5m) viaduct crossing the River Usk.
But Kirsty Williams said the money should be used to build homes.
"We used our influence in the assembly to stop work on the M4. Mark my words: the Welsh Liberal Democrats would do so again," she said.
"We will use this money to build 20,000 new homes, building them across the whole of Wales so everyone will benefit."
Economy Minister Edwina Hart told AMs last year the Welsh Government was not intending to use all the money available on a single project.
A final decision on whether the motorway scheme will go ahead will be taken after May's assembly election.


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Question: Wrestling superstar The Undertaker has retired from WWE.

At the end of Sunday night's WrestleMania 33, having lost to Roman Reigns, he dropped his gloves, hat and trenchcoat in the middle of the ring and left.
The 52-year-old, whose real name is Mark William Calaway, leaves the sport after more than 26 years of Tombstones and Chokeslams.
The star made his WWE debut at Survivor Series back in 1990.
Throughout his career, the Undertaker's been a multiple world heavyweight champion, a six-time tag team titleholder and a Royal Rumble winner.
Some of today's biggest wrestlers - including Bayley, the Bella twins and Austin Aries - paid tribute to The Undertaker on social media saying #ThankYouTaker.

The death of Virgil Runnels, which was his real name, was announced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).
His long and glittering career, which began in the late 1960s, earned him a place in the WWE Hall of Fame.
"Runnels became a hero to fans around the world thanks to his work ethic, his impassioned interviews and his indomitable spirit," said WWE.
The statement went on to describe him as a "creative visionary who helped shape the landscape of WWE" long after his retirement from the ring.
Tributes poured in for the Texan-born fighter, who won several world titles and became famous during the height of wrestling's popularity in the 1970s and 1980s.
"Saddened to hear the passing of Dusty Rhodes. Legend, teacher, mentor, friend ... Love you Dream," said professional wrestler Paul Levesque, also known as Triple H.
"My mentor," tweeted Ric Flair. "Much love to your family and more respect than can ever be measured. Love you Dream."
A WWE spokesman declined to give a cause of death or any details on where he died.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details.

Question: Swiss teenager Belinda Bencic upset world number one Serena Williams to reach the Rogers Cup final in Toronto.

Bencic, 18, fought back to beat the 21-time Grand Slam champion 3-6 7-5 6-4 - only the second defeat for Williams in 45 matches this year.
The American, 33, has won the first three Grand Slams of 2015 and will go for the calendar Grand Slam at the US Open, which begins on 31 August.
"I played like an amateur to be honest," said Williams.
"I felt pretty much in control until I lost the match."
Bencic, the youngest player to beat Williams in a completed match since Maria Sharapova in 2004, said victory was "an incredible feeling".
"I was very overwhelmed from the situation on the court, but I'm just so happy the forehand landed in [on match point]," she said.
Bencic will play Romanian second seed Simona Halep in the Toronto final.
Halep, who is playing her first event since losing in the first round at Wimbledon, beat  Italy's Sara Errani 6-4 6-4.
"I'm completely dead now, it was a very tough match," said Halep. "She played amazing, she was running everywhere for all the balls.
"I did everything I could to finish in two sets because in the third one I don't know what would happen."

Konta, 24, jumped from 47 to 28 in the WTA world rankings after reaching the semi-finals of the Australian Open, where she was beaten by Angelique Kerber.
The German, who stunned world number one Serena Williams in the final at the weekend, moves up to second.
British number two Heather Watson, knocked out in the first round in Melbourne, has fallen six places to 85.
The full rankings are available on WTA website.


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Question: Haiti's parliament has chosen an interim president a week after Michel Martelly stepped down, leaving the country without a head of state.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

The new leader, Jocelerme Privert, was elected at a marathon session of the national assembly that continued into the early hours of Sunday morning.
Mr Privert is the current head of the assembly.
He will serve as president for up to four months while Haiti holds a new presidential poll.
A run-off vote in January was cancelled because of violence and instability and earlier this month a man believed to be a former soldier was beaten to death by a mob during continuing anti-government protests.
Haiti, the poorest country in the Americas, is still struggling to recover from a huge earthquake in 2010.
In a speech before he was elected, Mr Privert vowed to "foster confidence" across society, ensure stability and hold the much-delayed run-off vote "as soon as possible".
The election will now be held on 24 April, with a new president due to be sworn in on 14 May.
The last-minute deal aims to prevent the country from plunging into an immediate power vacuum.
Speaking before he stepped down, Mr Martelly said his biggest regret was that January's presidential election had been postponed.
Mr Martelly is constitutionally barred from seeking re-election but has thrown his weight behind Jovenel Moise, a banana exporter who won the first round of the presidential election in November.
But the result was contested by the opposition challenger, Jude Celestin.
He accused the electoral authorities of favouring Mr Moise and threatened to pull out of the run-off vote.

Jovenel Moise, who has the backing of current President Michel Martelly, came first with 33% of the vote and Jude Celestin came second with 25%.
As neither won a majority, a run-off will be held on 27 December.
The announcement triggered protests by supporters of another candidate, Moise Jean-Charles.
His supporters took to the streets of Cabaret, a town in western Haiti, while protests also erupted in the capital, Port-au-Prince, where two police officers were injured.
Police fired teargas to disperse protesters who denounced the first round as fraudulent.
Last week, one person was killed when police clashed with protesters demanding that the first round be annulled.
The protesters accuse the government of rigging the election in favour of Mr Moise, an accusation Mr Martelly's administration has denied.
On Tuesday, the National Offices of Electoral Litigation rejected a request by the Fanmi Lavalas opposition party to ban Mr Moise from the race because of "massive fraud".
Mr Moise is a banana exporter with little political experience but who enjoys the support of outgoing President Michel Martelly.
Jude Celestin made his name as the former head of the state construction company.
It is the second time he is running for president after he failed to win the 2010 election.
Some voters have called on Mr Celestin to boycott the run-off in December.
They want Mr Martelly to step down and a transitional government to take over and organise fresh elections.
Mr Celestin has not yet indicated what he will do.


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Question: Welsh sailor Alex Thomson is claiming a world record after again narrowing the gap on leader Armel le Cleac'h in the Vendee Globe race.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Media playback is not supported on this device
The race is in its final stages and Thomson has reduced the distance he trails race leader Armel Le Cleac'h to 73 nautical miles.
Thomson and his team say he has set a solo 24-hour world mark of 536.81 miles in the process.
The leaders have passed the Azores with under 1,300 miles left.
"This new record awaits ratification by the World Sailing Speed Record Council," said Thomson's team of his efforts in the 24 hours between 06:00 GMT on Sunday to the same time on Monday.
The record is held by Frechman Francois Gabart, who set it during the race's 2012-13 edition.
Le Cleac'h and Thomson are now heading towards an expected Thursday finish at Sable D'Olonne on France's Atlantic coast.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Thomson is competing in the Vendee Globe for the fourth time and is aiming to become the first Briton to win it.
Thomson had led the race for much of the early stages and broke two race records prior to being overtaken, as he reached the Cape of Good Hope in record time, but Le Cleac'h stole the lead in early December and has not relinquished his hold on the race ahead of the sprint finish.
Thomson was nearly 1,000 miles behind Le Cleac'h at Christmas after his boat's hydrofoil was ripped off in mid-November, but has increased his speed since rounding Cape Horn.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Thomson, from Gosport, had to be rescued by helicopter off his vessel Hugo Boss, after it began taking on water earlier off the Spanish coast.
He had been competing in the double-handed Transat Jacques Vabre race from Le Havre to South America with co-skipper Guillermo Altadill.
The IMOCA 60 yacht had suffered damage two days ago forcing the team out of the race.
They were heading for La Coruna when high seas and strong winds forced them to set off their emergency beacon.
In a statement Hugo Boss said both sailors had been taken back to land safe and uninjured.
Thomson was hoping to race the new yacht in the coveted Vendee Globe round-the-world race in November 2016.


Question: Represent text

Question: Zhao Shuai won China's 19th gold medal of the Rio Games by taking the men's -58kg Olympic taekwondo title on Wednesday.

The 21-year-old beat Thailand's Tawin Hanprab 6-4 in the final.
Luisito Pie of the Dominican Republic and South Korea's Kim Tae-hun won the bronze medals.
Kim So-hui won gold in the women's -49kg final. The South Korean defeated Tijana Bogdanovic of Serbia 7-6 in a thrilling contest.
Patimat Abakarova of Azerbaijan and Thailand's Panipak Wongpattanakit took the bronze medals.

Welsh teenager Williams, 17, beat Elin Johansson of Sweden in the final of the women's -67kg category.
Liverpool's Walkden, 25, who won bronze at the 2016 Olympic Games, won gold in the +73kg category after a final win over Poland's Aleksandra Kowalczuk.
Double Olympic champion Jade Jones won gold on the opening day of the event.


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Question: Two Iraqi journalists have been killed by Islamic State (IS) in the past four days, Reporters Without Borders says.

Mohanad al-Akidi, the correspondent for the Sada news agency in the IS-held northern Iraqi city of Mosul, was shot dead at the Ghazlani base on Monday.
Mr Akidi was abducted in July while he travelled to Dohuk province.
On Friday Raad Mohamed al-Azzawi, a cameraman for Sama Salah Aldeen TV, was beheaded by IS militants in the city of Samarra. He had been held for a month.
Reporters Without Borders, which promotes and defends world media freedom, said it was "horrified by the jihadist group's constant crimes of violence".
"Islamic State is pursuing a policy of indiscriminate criminal violence that shows no pity towards journalists and does not hesitate to kidnap, torture and murder them," said its programme director, Lucie Morillon.
"Media personnel need the support and protection of the local authorities more than ever," she added.
The vast majority of foreign journalists have fled the large parts of Iraq and Syria controlled by IS because of the danger, leaving local reporters to document events.
IS has beheaded the American journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff in the past two months, and is holding the British journalist John Cantlie, who has appeared in a series of propaganda videos.
Earlier this month, IS issued guidelines for journalists operating in the Syrian province of Deir al-Zour.
They were told to swear allegiance as "subjects of the Islamic State", submit stories for approval, and inform the group of any social media accounts. Anyone violating the guidelines will be "held accountable".
Reporters Without Borders said Mr Azzawi had been threatened with death by IS in September because he refused to work for the group.

Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently (RBSS) said Ahmad Mohammed al-Mousa was killed by a group of masked men in the rebel-held city of Idlib on Wednesday.
The group have no further details, but at least two other members have been killed by IS militants since 2014.
RBSS was honoured last month by the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).
The New York-based organisation condemned Mr Mousa's murder.
"Just a few weeks ago, nearly 900 journalists, press freedom advocates, and supporters attending CPJ's International Press Freedom Awards stood together in solidarity with Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently. Today we are all standing together again, this time in mourning," said CPJ Executive Director Joel Simon.
Earlier this year, IS claimed responsibility for the kidnapping of Mr Mousa's father and four other Syrians accused of being members of RBSS.
In October, RBSS member Ibrahim Abdul Qader was killed by IS militants, along with fellow journalist Fares Hamadi, in south-eastern Turkey.
IS subsequently published a video showing one of the men with his throat cut, and warned: "You will not be safe from the knife of the Islamic State. Our hand will reach you wherever you are."
RBSS is one of the few independent sources of news left in the northern Syrian city of Raqqa, which IS has controlled since August 2013 and serves as the de facto capital of the "caliphate" whose creation the group proclaimed in June 2014.


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Question: Green Party MP Caroline Lucas is to call for a "progressive alliance" with the SNP as her party holds what it says is its largest ever meeting.

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At a spring conference in Liverpool, Ms Lucas will say the two parties could "forge a new grouping in Parliament".
The Greens are polling in similar numbers to the Lib Dems and say their membership quadrupled in the past year.
But the party's leader Natalie Bennett has faced criticism of her performance in recent weeks.
She struggled in a radio interview to explain how a flagship policy to build 500,000 new social rented homes would be funded, later attributing her performance to an "excruciating mind blank".
The leader of the Green Party on Liverpool council, John Coyne, said he had been "taken aback" by her "excruciating" performance and she had clearly been "underprepared".
He told the BBC that it wouldn't happen again as Ms Bennett - who could take part in a TV debate with other party leaders should they go ahead - would in future rehearse her performance in mock interviews.
"It's a failure that she was underprepared we know why that happened and we know it will be fixed for the future," Mr Coyne - a former Liberal Democrat who is now chair of the Green Councillors Association - said.
Main pledges
"It was a serious failure and we thought it might be damaging to us but one thing that perhaps is saving us from that is people who are attracted to the Green Party tend to have a more generous disposition anyway tend to be able to forgive a mistake."
In her conference speech, Ms Bennett will say her party offers a "message of hope and real change" and would create "a political system that puts the public first".
The Green Party in England and Wales is fielding its largest ever slate of candidates, aiming to stand in 90% of parliamentary seats on 7 May. The Green parties in Scotland and Northern Ireland are separate organisations.
In her address, former leader Ms Lucas will say the Green Party should join forces with the SNP in the next Parliament to maximise their influence on the next government.
"With the rise of the SNP, and with our own Green surge, we have the chance to forge a new grouping in Parliament. A progressive alliance.
"Of course, in Scotland and in Wales we'll be fighting hard for our distinctive values and policies. Just as we do against those individual Labour and even Lib Dem candidates with whom we have something in common.
"That's the nature of British politics under the first past the post system."
What are the top issues for each political party at the 2015 general election?
The SNP is riding high in the polls, threatening even the safest Labour seat in Scotland, according to recent opinion polls published by Tory peer Lord Ashcroft .

David Cameron promised "an all-out assault on poverty" in his leader's speech. The prime minister also launched an attack on Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn, accusing him of having a "Britain-hating ideology".
George Osborne said the Conservatives are "the true party of labour", and called on the party to "extend our hand" to people who feel "completely abandoned" by Labour's new leadership.
Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt told a fringe meeting the government was right to press ahead with cuts to tax credits because the UK must become as hard working as China. David Cameron said Mr Hunt's comments had been "rather unfairly misinterpreted"
Here is a full round-up events in Manchester.
Jeremy Corbyn delivered his first conference speech as Labour leader, vowing to create a "kinder politics, a more caring society".
Shadow chancellor John McDonnell addressed Labour conference for the first time in his new role, saying the party can show "another world is possible" by rejecting austerity while also "living within our means".
Jeremy Corbyn faced criticism on the final day from senior Labour colleagues for saying he would not fire Britain's nuclear weapons if he were prime minister.
Here is a full round-up of events in Brighton.
Voters at next May's Holyrood election should judge the SNP on its record in government, party leader Nicola Sturgeon said in her leader's speech. She also reiterated that a second independence referendum would only come when the time was right.
Former first minister and party leader Alex Salmond warned the UK against staging a "futile military intervention" in Syria.
The party's biggest ever annual gathering was marked by an overwhelming feeling of unity, although there were a few dissenting voices.
Here is a full round-up of events in Aberdeen.
The new Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron made his first keynote speech to his party's conference in Bournemouth. He said his mission was to get the Lib Dems back into power.
Ex-Lib Dem leader Sir Menzies Campbell said it would take a decade for the party to recover from the last election - putting him at odds with Tim Farron who insisted the Lib Dems could hold power in just five years
David Cameron's flagship policy to sell off housing association properties was compared to a Robert Mugabe-style land grab by former Lib Dem minister Ed Davey
Here is a full round-up of events in Bournemouth.
UKIP leader Nigel Farage insisted the campaign to leave the EU is a "united force" and heading for an "historic" victory, urging his supporters to put "country before party" and to "strain every sinew" to win the vote.
The party's MP Douglas Carswell urged UKIP to work with others irrespective of party amid an internal row over which anti-EU campaign the party should back.
Here is an analysis of events in Doncaster.
Leader Leanne Wood urged Labour voters to "take another look at Plaid Cymru" at the 2016 assembly election, saying her party was ready to "lead on the issues that matter most".
Here is an analysis of events in Aberystwyth.
Green Party leader Natalie Bennett urged Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn to back her party's call for electoral reform.
Here is an analysis of events in Bournemouth.


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Question: The Catholic Archbishop of Durban, Wilfrid Fox Napier, has described paedophilia as a psychological "illness, not a criminal condition".

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The South African cardinal told the BBC that people who were themselves abused as children and then abused others needed to be examined by doctors.
He was one of 115 cardinals who took part in the conclave at the Vatican to elect Pope Francis earlier this week.
The Church has recently been dogged by scandals over clerical sex abuse.
In an interview with the Stephen Nolan programme on BBC Radio 5 live, Cardinal Napier referred to paedophilia as "a psychological condition, a disorder".
"What do you do with disorders? You've got to try and put them right.
"If I - as a normal being - choose to break the law, knowing that I'm breaking the law, then I think I need to be punished."
He said he knew at least two priests, who became paedophiles after themselves being abused as children.
"Now don't tell me that those people are criminally responsible like somebody who chooses to do something like that. I don't think you can really take the position and say that person deserves to be punished. He was himself damaged."
Cardinal Wilfrid Napier's comments triggered immediate criticism.
Barbara Dorries, who as a child was abused by a priest, works for the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests, which is based in Chicago. She told the BBC: "If it is a disease that's fine, but it's also a crime and crimes are punished, criminals are held accountable for what they did and what they do.
"The bishops and the cardinals have gone to great lengths to cover these crimes to enable the predators to move on, to not be arrested, to keep the secrets within the church."
Michael Walsh, who has written a biography of late Pope John Paul II, said Cardinal Napier's remarks were similar to the position once taken by the Catholic Church in the UK and the US.
"They did actually at one time believe it was a condition that could be dealt with. Many bishops were simply moving priests and trying to disguise the fact that they'd been committing these crimes," Mr Walsh told the BBC.
Marie Collins, who is a victim of abuse, told the BBC:  "I think it is appalling that we have a cardinal, a man at this level in the church that can still hold these views. He is totally ignoring the child."
Update 21 March: In a statement on Sunday 17 March, Cardinal Napier apologised to victims of child abuse offended by his BBC interview. He told the BBC that he fully upheld the Church's position that the sexual abuse of children was a crime that should be dealt with "according to the requirements of civil criminal law and canon law".

In a letter to Pope Francis this month, Krzysztof Charamsa accused the Church of making the lives of millions of gay Catholics globally "a hell".
He criticised what he called the Vatican's hypocrisy in banning gay priests, even though he said the clergy was "full of homosexuals".
Pope Francis has yet to respond.
Until 3 October, Monsignor Charamsa held a senior post at the Vatican at the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, the department that upholds Roman Catholic doctrine.
The Vatican immediately stripped him of his post after he held a news conference in a restaurant in Rome to announce that he was both gay and in a relationship. Roman Catholic priests are meant to be celibate.
At the time, the Holy See said the priest's decision to come out on the eve of the Vatican's synod on the family had been "irresponsible, since it aims to subject the synod assembly to undue media pressure".
The Polish priest has released to the BBC a copy of the letter he sent to the Pope, written the same day as the announcement, in which he criticises the Church for "persecuting" and causing "immeasurable suffering" to homosexual Catholics and their families.
He says that after a "long and tormented period of discernment and prayer", he had taken the decision to "publicly reject the violence of the Church towards homosexual, lesbian, bisexual, transsexual and intersexual people".
The 43-year-old says that while the Roman Catholic clergy is "full of homosexuals", it is also "frequently violently homophobic", and he calls on "all gay cardinals, gay bishops and gay priests [to] have the courage to abandon this insensitive, unfair and brutal Church".
He says he can no longer bear the "homophobic hate of the Church, the exclusion, the marginalisation and the stigmatisation of people like me", whose "human rights are denied" by the Church.
The priest goes on to thank Pope Francis - who is thought to have a more lenient attitude on homosexuality than some of his predecessors - for some of his words and gestures towards gay people.
The Pope recently met a gay former student of his during his recent visit to the US, and has previously said that gay people should not be marginalised in society.
But Krzysztof Charamsa says that the pontiff's words will only be worthwhile when all the statements from the Holy See that are offensive and violent against homosexuals are withdrawn.
He also urged the Church to annul a decision taken by his predecessor, Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, to sign a document in 2005 that forbids men with deep-rooted homosexual tendencies from becoming priests.
The Polish priest terms "diabolical" Pope Benedict's statement that homosexuality was "a strong tendency ordered toward an intrinsic moral evil".
The priest writes that LGBT Catholics have a right to family life, "even if the Church does not want to bless it".
He later criticises the Vatican for putting pressure on states which have legalised equal or same-sex marriage.
He also expresses his fears about the impact his coming out may have on the treatment of his mother in Poland, "a woman of unshakeable faith", saying she bears no responsibility for his actions.
The synod ended on Sunday, but made no change to its pastoral attitude to gay Catholics.
The final document agreed by the Synod Fathers reiterated Church teaching that gay Catholics should be welcomed with "respect" and "dignity". But it restated that there was "no basis for any comparison, however remote, between homosexual unions and God's design for marriage and the family".
The synod voted through a paragraph saying that it was unacceptable for pressure to be put upon local churches over their attitude towards same-sex unions, or for international organisations to make financial help contingent on poor countries introducing laws to "allow or institutionalise" marriage between people of the same sex.


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Question: MI5 has secretly been collecting vast amounts of data about UK phone calls to search for terrorist connections.

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The programme has been running for 10 years under a law described as "vague" by the government's terror watchdog.
It emerged as Home Secretary Theresa May unveiled a draft bill governing spying on communications by the authorities.
If it becomes law, the internet activity of everyone in Britain will be held for a year by service providers.
Police and intelligence officers will then be able to see the names of sites suspected criminals have visited, without a warrant.
Mrs May told MPs the proposed powers were needed to fight crime and terrorism but civil liberties campaigners warned it represented to a "breathtaking" attack on the internet security of everyone living in the UK.
The draft bill aims to give stronger legal cover to the activities of MI5, MI6 and the police and introduce judicial oversight of spying operations.
It confirmed that Britain's secret listening post GCHQ has been intercepting internet messages flowing through Britain in bulk, as revealed by US whistleblower Edward Snowden, "to acquire the communications of terrorists and serious criminals that would not otherwise be available".
It also revealed that the UK security services have been allowed to collect large amounts of data on phone calls "to identify subjects of interest within the UK and overseas", provided they comply with certain safeguards, set out in a supporting document also published on Wednesday.
The draft bill aims to tighten up these safeguards and put the bulk collection of data on a firmer legal footing. Taken together with the other measures, the home secretary said the bill would give the security services a "licence to operate".
While GCHQ's programmes were exposed by Snowden, this one by MI5 remained secret.
And in a way that became increasingly awkward for the security service as the drive towards being more open about capabilities picked up pace in the wake of the report by David Anderson, the independent reviewer of terrorism legislation, earlier in the year.
There were hints about the capability in the speech by MI5 boss Andrew Parker the week before the draft Investigatory Powers Bill was published, when he talked about how "accessing data quickly, reliably and at scale is as fundamental to our workâ€¦..without communications data for example we could not have detected and disrupted numerous plots over the last decade."
He, like the home secretary, claimed that bulk communications data was used to "identify, at speed, links between the individuals plotting to bomb the London Stock Exchange in 2010".
Now - along with other capabilities - the bulk data programme is out in the public and up for debate.
Read more from Gordon.
In her Commons statement, Mrs May referred to the 1984 Telecommunications Act, under which she said successive governments had allowed security services to access data from communications companies.
The data involved the bulk records of phone calls - not what was said but the fact that there was contact - with companies required to hand over domestic phone records.
BBC security correspondent Gordon Corera said the programme, which sources said was used to track terrorists and save lives, was "so secret that few even in MI5 knew about it, let alone the public".
The government's independent reviewer of terrorism legislation, David Anderson QC, told the BBC the legislation used to authorise the collection was "so vague that anything could be done under it".
He added: "It wasn't illegal in the sense that it was outside the law, it was just that the law was so broad and the information was so slight that nobody knew it was happening".
Mr Anderson has called for a "comprehensive" new law governing surveillance, which the government has produced with the wide-ranging draft Investigatory Powers Bill.
The draft bill's measures include:
Mrs May told MPs the draft bill was a "significant departure" from previous plans, dubbed the "snoopers' charter" by critics, which were blocked by the Lib Dems, and will "provide some of the strongest protections and safeguards anywhere in the democratic world and an approach that sets new standards for openness, transparency and oversight".
The proposed legislation will be consulted on before a bill is formally introduced to Parliament in the New Year, Mrs May said. It will then have to pass votes in both houses of Parliament.
Labour's shadow home secretary Andy Burnham backed the draft bill, saying it was "neither a snoopers' charter nor a plan for mass surveillance".
Will UK spy bill expose porn habits?
Read more: 'Spying' powers explained
A new licence for spies and police?
The Commons reacts to spying bill

Sir Iain Lobban will leave later this year, after six years as director.
The Foreign Office said Sir Iain, 53, was doing "outstanding job" and his departure was "planned".
Officials denied the move was linked to controversy over GCHQ and its US counterpart, the NSA, sparked by disclosures from former US intelligence contractor Edward Snowden.
Sir Iain, who first joined GCHQ in 1983, became director in June 2008.
"Today is simply about starting the process of ensuring we have a suitable successor in place before he moves on as planned at the end of the year," a Foreign Office spokesman said.
ln November, Sir Iain became the first head of the agency to give evidence in public when he appeared before MPs on the Intelligence and Security Committee, alongside the heads of MI5 and MI6.
They came under pressure to be more open after leaks by Mr Snowden revealed widespread spying by GCHQ and the US National Security Agency.
Sir Iain told the committee Mr Snowden's disclosures had done immense damage to Britain's counter-terrorism efforts.
MPs asked Sir Iain why he felt it was necessary to "collect information on the majority of the public in order to protect us from a minority of evildoers".
He said GCHQ did not spend its time "listening to the telephone calls or reading the emails of the majority" of the public.


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Question: Who takes a flight to catch a movie?

Well, if you are a fan of India's Tamil cinema superstar, Rajinikanth, you might.
Take, for example, Smitha Sarma Ranganathan, who will board a special flight organised by budget carrier Air Asia along with 180 other fans on 15 July, the day Rajinikanth's new film Kabali releases.
She will pay a return fare of 7,860 rupees ($116; Â£79) to fly from Bangalore to Chennai to watch the "first day, first show" of the film at a Chennai theatre, pick up movie merchandise and return home after lunch.
"The raw passion of a Rajini movie is something you can feel only in Chennai," says Ms Ranganathan, a 36-year-old brand communication specialist.
The special flight carrying Rajinikanth fans to watch his latest film has caused a buzz in the Tamil film industry.
"But it would make more sense if they could do something Rajini specific. Like having breakfast with him or watching Kabali with the star. The flight idea is basically whipping up Rajini hysteria and making you a part of it," says Suresh Babu, who produced an earlier film featuring the star.
Chennai is home to India's thriving Tamil film industry - and Rajinikanth has been its reigning superstar for as long as one can remember.
In a career spanning four decades, the 65-year-old actor has starred in over 170 films, most of them in Tamil language.
One of Asia's highest paid actors, Rajinikanth is considered one of the most bankable stars in India: even before its release, Kabali, a gangster drama, has raked in some $30m (Â£20m) in film rights sales. It will also be dubbed in Telugu, Hindi and Malay.
Rajinikanth enjoys a fan following that cuts across generations and even continents. His 1995 comedy drama Muthu was dubbed in Japanese and became a hit in the country.
Ms Ranganathan's first brush with Rajinikanth was in 1999 when she saw his Padayappa at a small theatre in Tirunelveli town.
"People threw coins on the screen, when Rajinikanth hit the screen for the first time. I was shocked to see that kind of a reaction to a hero," she recalls.
Borrowing DVDs from friends, she devoured all Rajinikanth's movies, starting from his black and white films in the 1970s.
"In fact, when I was in labour in 2003 for my son, I de-stressed by watching three back-to-back Rajinikanth comedies - Arunachalam, Muthu and Guru Sishyan," she chuckles.
In Chennai, Rajinikanth's fans celebrate the day his movie releases like a major festival.
His films get grand openings, and usually perform well at the box office. When they don't do well - like Baba in 2002 and Lingaa in 2014 - Rajinikanth compensates distributors by paying them out of his pocket.
There is a great deal of anticipation for Kabali where the actor is playing an ageing don. The Kabali teaser has been viewed more than 22 million times so far.
"What is Rajinikanth without gimmicks?" asks film critic L Ravichander.
Before entering the film industry, Rajinikanth - whose real name is Sivaji Rao Gaekwad - worked as a conductor on Bangalore's bus number 10A in the early 1970s.
Suresh Babu suggests that for the significant number of Rajini fans in Bangalore, it may be a good idea to run special buses transporting Rajinikanth fans to theatres screening Kabali.
"Imagine travelling in 10A, with the conductor of the bus dressed up as Rajinikanth and ranting the punch line of the movie - Kabali vandutaan da [Kabali has arrived]."
TS Sudhir is an independent Hyderabad-based journalist

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18 May 2016 Last updated at 09:07 BST
It was a huge surprise for people who saw it and was caught on camera by police officers.
Watch the clip to see the meteor shoot through the sky.