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Question: Stimulant drugs like Ritalin should be used judiciously in hyperactive children because they can have unpleasant side effects, say experts.

Nearly a million ADHD prescriptions were handed out last year in England - a figure that has more than doubled in the last decade, NHS figures show.
The Cochrane Group looked at 185 drug trials involving more than 12,000 children or adolescents.
Common side effects included loss of appetite and sleeplessness.
The international researchers said this did not mean that the drugs are not useful - the Cochrane findings suggest they do help children concentrate at school - but any benefits must be closely weighed against the risk of side effects.
And better studies are needed to help doctors do this, they said.
The Cochrane research, intended to inform policymakers and doctors, looked at children aged three to 18 living in the UK, the US and Canada.
Among the children who received the active drug, on average, 526 in every 1,000 experienced unpleasant side-effects, compared with 408 per 1,000 of those in the control group given a dummy pill or no medication - meaning a 29% increased risk of side effects for the children on Ritalin (methylphenidate).
The risk of serious adverse events was extremely low.
But it was difficult to predict who might experience more common, unpleasant side effects.
"Despite more than 50 years of research in the field, we have no knowledge on how to identify patients that may obtain more benefits than harms," said the researchers.
They recommend more studies to better spot when side effects might occur.
Co-author, Dr Morris Zwi, consultant child & adolescent psychiatrist, added: "Our expectations of this treatment are probably greater than they should be, and whilst our review shows some evidence of benefit, we should bear in mind that this finding was based on very low-quality evidence.
"What we still need are large, well-conducted trials in order to clarify the risks versus the benefits for this widely used treatment."
Dr Daniel Hawcutt, from the British Pharmacological Society, advised parents with questions or concerns to get in contact with their doctor.
"But there is no reason to immediately discontinue this medicine," he said.
Dr Tony Lloyd, from the charity ADHD Foundation, said drug treatment should be used only as an adjunct to behavioural therapies, as recommended by NHS guidelines. But he said this was not happening.
"The fact of the matter is that in the UK medication is the first line of treatment and pretty much the only line of treatment. That needs to change."
He said ADHD was still under-recognised and under-treated in the UK.

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Adults with ADHD given supplements for eight weeks had a "modest" improvement in concentration span, hyperactivity, and other symptoms, a small-scale study found.
A wide range of nutrients, including vitamin D, iron and calcium, may improve brain functioning, said psychologists in New Zealand.
Another study found medication reduced road accidents in men with ADHD.
As many as one in 20 adults has ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder), marked by symptoms such as lack of attention, concentration difficulties and impulsiveness.
ADHD can be treated with medications, such as central nervous system stimulants, which affect the brain and improve symptoms.
According to the research, published in The British Journal of Psychiatry, taking a broad range of vitamins and minerals may also help reduce ADHD symptoms.
In the study, 80 adults with ADHD were given either supplements containing vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, magnesium, ferritin, iron, calcium, zinc and copper, or a dummy pill.
After eight weeks of treatment those on supplements reported greater improvements in both their inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity compared with those taking the placebo.
Psychologists from the University of Canterbury, in Christchurch, say the effects of vitamins and minerals (micronutrients) are more modest than medication but may be useful for some people, particularly those seeking alternative treatments.
"Our study provides preliminary evidence of the effectiveness for micronutrients in the treatment of ADHD symptoms in adults," said Prof Julia Rucklidge, who led the study.
"This could open up treatment options for people with ADHD who may not tolerate medications, or do not respond to first-line treatments."
Philip Asherson, professor in molecular psychiatry at the Institute of Psychiatry in London, said the suggestion that vitamins and minerals improved brain metabolism was intriguing but needed further investigation.
"It's a good study, which is very interesting, but really needs replicating," he told the BBC. "The mechanisms behind it remain unclear."
Meanwhile, a separate study on ADHD in Sweden suggests medication could save lives on the road.
Research indicated almost half of transport accidents involving men with ADHD could be avoided if they were taking medication for their condition.
Scientists from the Karolinska Institute studied 17,000 individuals with ADHD over a period of four years using data from health registers.
They found individuals with ADHD had a higher risk of being involved in serious transport accidents, such as car or motorcycle crashes, compared with those without ADHD.
Transport accidents were lower among men with ADHD who were on medication than among men with ADHD who did not take medication.
Calculations showed 41% of transport accidents involving men with ADHD could have been avoided if they had received medication and carried on taking it during the course of the study.
A similar effect was not found in women.
"Even though many people with ADHD are doing well, our results indicate that the disorder may have very serious consequences," said Henrik Larsson, associate professor at the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics.
"Our study also demonstrates in several different ways that the risk of transport accidents in adult men with ADHD decreases markedly if their condition is treated with medication."
The research is published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry.


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Question: Britain's Johanna Konta boosted her hopes of qualifying for the WTA Finals with victory over Spain's Carla Suarez Navarro at the Wuhan Open in China.

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Konta, seeded 11th, beat the seventh seed 7-5 7-6 (8-6) to reach the quarter-finals for the second time.
She also closed the gap on Suarez Navarro in the Race to Singapore, with the Spaniard in the eighth and final qualifying place, two ahead of Konta.
The Briton will play Czech 14th seed Petra Kvitova in the last eight.
Kvitova knocked out world number one Angelique Kerber 6-7 (10-12) 7-5 6-4 in an epic contest that lasted three hours and 19 minutes.
American Madison Keys, currently ninth in the WTA Finals standings, is through to the last eight along with fourth seed Simona Halep, and ninth seed Svetlana Kuznetsova, who beat Venus Williams 6-2 6-2.
Konta held her nerve in a tight contest to overcome Suarez Navarro, edging the first set with the only break of serve and seeing off six set points as she fought back to take the second.
"I was fully prepared to obviously play a third if need be," said Konta.
"I really just tried to be brave and just play the way I wanted to play throughout the whole match, and those points as well."
The Eastbourne-based 25-year-old made the running in the early stages but could not make the breakthrough until the 12th game when Suarez Navarro netted a backhand to give up the set.
The Spaniard grew stronger in the second, twice going a break up and moving 5-3 ahead, but she was unable to capitalise.
Konta played superbly under pressure, saving three set points as she clung on in a game of eight deuces, and then recovering from 6-3 down in the tie-break.
"I thought we brought out a lot of good tennis in each other," she said.
"Whenever one of us dropped off a bit, the other one was always there. Yeah, it was a really tough battle and I really enjoyed being a part of it. It definitely was a lot of fun.
"I think I would be in the wrong profession if I didn't desire to be a part of such battles. I enjoy it. It makes me better as a player, as a person, as a competitor."
The victory sees Konta match last year's run to the last eight as a qualifier, before she eventually lost to Venus Williams.
At the Tashkent Open, British number three Naomi Broady lost 6-2 6-4 to Russia's world number 104 Irina Khromacheva in the second round.

Broady, 26, beat American world number 70 Irina Falconi 6-3 6-4.
World number 84 Broady lost to Elina Svitolina in round one at Wimbledon and had not won on the WTA Tour since the Katowice Open three months ago.
She will face American second seed Sloane Stephens or Japan's Risa Ozaki in round two.


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Question: A 17-year-old cellist from Nottingham has been named as the winner of BBC Young Musician 2016.

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Sheku Kanneh-Mason, a Year 12 pupil at the comprehensive Trinity Catholic School and the Royal Academy of Music, said winning was "a wonderful feeling".
Dobrinka Tabakova, chairman of the judges, paid tribute to his "sincere and moving performance".
The award, which is now in its 38th year, took place on Sunday at the Barbican, in London.
The competition is one of the most prestigious awards for amateur players.
The three finalists performed with the BBC Symphony Orchestra in front of a live audience, and were judged by a panel of experts.
Kanneh-Mason, who plays in the Chineke! Orchestra and the JRAM Symphony Orchestra, performed Shostakovich's Cello Concerto No. 1.
He said: "I'm so grateful for all the support from my family, the Junior Royal Academy of Music, my teacher Ben Davies and Chineke! that have helped me on this extraordinary journey."
Ms Tabakova said: "He was electric. There was something about the way he drew the audience in.
"In today's society, which seems to be swept by mediocrity, he shows how hard work, dedicated and talent can lift you out."
The other finalists were French Horn player Ben Goldscheider and saxophonist Jess Gillam.
Each of the finalists had made it through four stages to play at the Barbican, from regional auditions to semi-finals last week.

Only Men Aloud, winners of the BBC's Last Choir Standing, won with Band of Brothers, beating Alma Mater's Music From The Vatican, featuring the Pope.
Other winners included conductor Vasily Petrenko and soprano Angela Gheorghiu.
Soprano Kiri Te Kanawa was honoured with a lifetime achievement award at the ceremony hosted by Myleene Klass at London's Royal Albert Hall.
The New Zealand-born singer joins a list of past recipients which includes Placido Domingo and Jose Carreras.
The soundtrack of the year was awarded to the Oscar-nominated Revolutionary Road by American composer Thomas Newman,  while Thomas Ades won composer of the year for the Tempest.
Only Men Aloud's win saw them beat 14-year-old Faryl Smith, a finalist on Britain's Got Talent in 2008.
Teenager Smith also lost out in the young British classical performer category to violinist Jack Liebeck.
The critics' choice award went to Verdi's Messa Da Requiem performed by the Roma Orchestra Dell' Accademia Nazionale Di Santa Cecilia.


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Question: A teenager who "never thought about the consequences" of repeatedly abusing a young boy has been jailed for four years.

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Jordan Kemlo, 18, admitted carrying out the Peterhead sexual assaults between 2011 and 2014.
At the High Court in Edinburgh, Lord Burns ordered Kemlo to be supervised for five years following his release from custody.
The judge said there was no alternative to custody.
Defence advocate Drew McKenzie told the court: "He did express that he is remorseful and that what he did to this boy was wrong."

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Donald Jeffrey was convicted of three rapes, a murder bid and four assaults against a woman between 2008 and 2014.
The 44-year-old, from Glasgow, was convicted of five offences on the other woman - two rapes, indecent assault and two assaults, between 1994 and 1998.
Jeffrey denied the crimes but was found guilty after his victims gave evidence.
Jailing him at the High Court in Paisley, judge Lord Matthews told Jeffrey: "You were found guilty of a catalogue of appalling offences against two vulnerable women who had the misfortune to be your partners.
"The relationships were characterised by jealousy, serious violence and rape.
"You dominated the lives of these women and subjected them to extreme emotional and physical cruelty as well as sexual aggression."
The judge added: "It is obvious you are a very dangerous man and it is my duty to protect the public from you for as long as you are able to lift a finger, I propose therefore to make an order for lifelong restriction."
The order imposed means Jeffrey will be supervised for the rest of his life.
During his trial, Jeffrey's 47-year-old victim said that during one attack he pulled her teeth out with pliers then made her pose in front of a mirror.
He also repeatedly raped her, tried to drown her in a freezing bath and threatened to throw her out of a 17th-floor flat window.
The victim said: "He had me over his shoulder. He opened the window, I was screaming. But, then he dropped me beside the window."
She also recalled how Jeffrey dropped heavy dumb-bells onto her body after demanding she lie on the ground.
The woman never spoke to police about the abuse until last year after which an investigation uncovered Jeffrey's victimisation of another woman.
The 44-year-old woman who was raped and battered by Jeffrey recalled in court how he once smashed her arm with a martial arts weapon while she was heavily pregnant.
She also told how he hit a young boy who was living at her house with a belt, then made her do the same.
She said: "I felt sick. It should not have happened, but I felt it was the only way to stop it at the time."
The jury heard after the guilty verdicts that Jeffrey already had three high court convictions.
He was previously jailed for robbery, firearms offences and drug crimes.


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Question: Unless you've been on another planet yourself, you'll know British astronaut Major Tim Peake is back on Earth.

16 October 2016 Last updated at 14:00 BST
Aside from spacewalks and science experiments, one of Tim's missions is to inspire children to get into science, perhaps even to become an astronaut like him one day.
With the support of the European Space Agency, Tim's now on a UK tour to share all his space adventure stories with the public.
And not only that, he stopped by Newsround towers to answer some of the questions you sent in to us too!

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15 December 2015 Last updated at 10:42 GMT
He's due to spend more than six months on board the ISS carrying out science experiments, completing a marathon and getting young people excited about space travel.
So, we're building up to this historic event by taking you through every significant moment before he sets out into orbit later this morning.


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Question: John Higgins secured a 10-7 lead over defending champion Mark Selby on day one of the World Championship final at the Crucible Theatre.

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Scotland's four-time champion made a superb 141 clearance - the joint-highest break in a world final - on his way to taking a commanding 10-4 lead.
World number one Selby finally found his form and breaks of 121 and 81 helped him win the last three frames.
The best-of-35 final resumes on Monday at 14:00 BST and is live on BBC Two.
The 41-year-old Higgins, who beat Selby in the 2007 final, is aiming to become the oldest winner since 45-year-old Welshman Ray Reardon triumphed in 1978.
Two-time champion Selby, 33, is bidding to become only the fourth player - after Stephen Hendry, Steve Davis and Ronnie O'Sullivan - to win consecutive world titles in the modern era.
The two players had contrasting semi-final victories as Selby edged through with a thrilling 17-15 victory over Ding Junhui, while Higgins enjoyed a comfortable 17-8 win over Barry Hawkins.
There were expectations beforehand that the match would be a battle between two players who specialise in tenacious, matchplay snooker, but it featured nine breaks over 50, plus two centuries.
Despite opening the final with breaks of 76 and 62, Selby looked weary following his semi-final exertions, missing straightforward pots when presented with opportunities in the reds.
A missed red in the seventh frame will have been of particular concern, as the Englishman was 54-1 ahead but instead allowed Higgins to clear up with a composed break of 58.
Higgins claimed five frames in a row, knocking in contributions of 63, 95 and 58, as well as his superb 141 ,which equalled O'Sullivan's effort in 2012 as the best break recorded in a World Championship final.
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Selby looked to be on his way to a crushing first-day deficit, but in typical fashion managed to fight back to stay in the contest.
He had runs of 86 and 81 in the second session, but Higgins took a tactical exchange to go five frames ahead. However, he did miss a pink to the middle pocket with the reds open, as Selby responded to obtain some much-needed joy.
Higgins guaranteed himself an overnight lead by pinching the 13th and followed up with 76 to further extend his advantage.
But Selby somehow produced a late revival to keep himself in touch.
Seven-time world champion Stephen Hendry on BBC Two
For the next few hours John will be very disappointed because he's so experienced and knows frames can make a difference come tomorrow night.
Once he's got over that initial disappointment, 10-7 is a nice lead to have.
Six-time world champion Steve Davis on BBC Two
There will be loads of adrenaline pumping for both players, each for different reasons. It's been a fascinating second session. I think by the end of the night they'll have cleared their minds of all of that.
It was just an astonishing standard by the world champion and world number one in those final three frames. He's superb. You'd expect it, but for a minute there it didn't look like it was going to happen because John Higgins had him on the ropes.
Mark Selby (Eng) 7-10 John Higgins (Sco)
First session: 76-34 (76), 7-50, 121-8 (62, 58), 0-141 (141), 40-99 (63), 1-126 (95), 54-59 (58), 33-68 6-2 Higgins
Second session: 86-0 (86), 8-60, 44-74, 69-22, 1-68, 0-76 (76), 81-9 (81), 121-12 (121), 96-17 10-7 Higgins
Highest break so far: Higgins 141; Selby 121

Day did not qualify for the China Open, which takes place later in March, and will have to wait to see if he has done enough to be seeded for the Crucible.
The 36-year old went through qualifying rounds to reach the World Championship in each of the last three years.
"It's been a while since I've been a seed at Sheffield," Day said.
Speaking to BBC Wales Sport, Day continued: "There's big pressure [in the qualifiers]. You have to win three best of 19 games in the space of five or six days and it would be massive if I didn't have to go through that.
"It's out of my hands. Hopefully I'll be able to scrape into the top 16 come the cut off after the China Open."
The qualifiers for the World Championship will be held between 5 and 12 April at the Ponds Forge International Sports Centre in Sheffield.
Day, who lost to Barry Hawkins in the World Grand Prix final in February, was beaten 5-4 by World champion Mark Selby in the first round of the Players Championship in Llandudno.


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Question: Claudio Ranieri says he has "higher expectations" for Riyad Mahrez this season, after the winger signed a new four-year contract with Leicester City.

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The Algeria international scored 17 goals and provided 11 assists last season as City won the Premier League.
Mahrez, 25, was also voted as the Professional Footballers' Association player of the year.
"We are now in the Champions League and we need something more to play against the big teams," said manager Ranieri.
"Now he knows very well what I want and my expectations are higher. Not only for Riyad but for all my players."
Mahrez, who was strongly linked with Arsenal this summer, is the fifth Leicester player to sign a new deal after Wes Morgan, Jamie Vardy, Kasper Schmeichel and Andy King, while Ranieri also penned a new contract.
Leicester have reportedly rejected a £12m bid for Ghana's Jeffrey Schlupp, and Ranieri says the full-back will stay at the King Power Stadium.
The Foxes face Arsenal on Saturday and have defender Robert Huth available after serving a three-game suspension.
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The 29-year-old striker is set to tell the Gunners of his decision prior to flying to the national team's base for the tournament in Chantilly, France.
England depart from Luton airport at around 11:30 BST.
Arsenal have reached an agreement with Leicester and offered Vardy a four-year deal with a significantly higher wage.
Vardy is understood to still be mulling over whether he wants to leave the Foxes.
He arrived from then non-league side Fleetwood for £1m in 2012 and helped Leicester to the Premier League title last season, scoring 24 goals.
Vardy signed a new three-year contract in February and Leicester are reportedly in the process of countering Arsenal's offer with an improved deal of their own.


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Question: At least seven Afghan soldiers have died and many were injured after a suicide bomber targeted a bus carrying troops in the Afghan capital Kabul.

A second bus was hit by a suicide bomber elsewhere in the city, injuring two soldiers and two civilians.
The Taliban said they had carried out the attacks.
The blasts come a day after Afghan and US officials signed a deal letting US troops stay in Afghanistan after the end of 2014.
The agreement was authorised by new Afghan president Ashraf Ghani, who was sworn in on Monday.
On that same day, two bombs killed at least 15 people in Kabul and Paktia provinces.
Mr Ghani's predecessor, Hamid Karzai, had refused to sign the deal because of a disagreement with the US.
The attack on the army bus took place in western Kabul, and largely destroyed the bus.
"I was walking down the road when a huge explosion occurred," shopkeeper Sanaullah Khan told Reuters.
"Right after the blast, I saw dust and smoke rising from the area and then I escaped."
The second attack took place in northeast Kabul.
The Taliban claimed responsibility for both attacks on Twitter, saying they were a continuation of an offensive which started in the summer.
Under a US-brokered unity deal Mr Ghani shares power with runner-up Abdullah Abdullah who becomes chief executive. The Taliban has called the deal a "US-orchestrated sham".

Four attackers were seen entering the office, followed by heavy gunfire and several explosions.
Five security officers - including a police chief - were among the dead and 26 government officials among the hurt.
A spokesman for the Taliban said they carried out the attack.
The siege ended seven hours after it began and all four gunmen were killed by the Afghan National Security Forces which had surrounded the area.
Police said they rescued the attorney general from his office, which is just 200m (650ft) from the office of the governor of Balkh province.
The governor's aide told the BBC that the governor, Atta Muhammad Nur, was at home when the attack began but was taken to his office to monitor the situation.
In a statement seen by the BBC, Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said: "Breaking News: This noon suicide [attackers] stormed office of the attorney and appeal court of Balkh province. Heavy casualties for enemy, battle continues."
The Taliban has targeted Afghanistan's legal system in the past. In June 2013, the group detonated a car bomb in front of the compound of Afghanistan's Supreme Court, killing 17 and wounding 39.
And in December of 2014, Atiqullah Raufi, the chief of the secretariat of Afghanistan's Supreme Court, was assassinated by Taliban gunmen in the west of Kabul.
The attack in Mazar-e-Sharif comes a day after an American soldier was killed in a fire fight between US and Afghan troops in eastern Afghanistan.


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Question: The UN has released its assessment of national plans to limit climate change, submitted by 146 countries.

Officials say the submissions, in their current form, won't keep global temperatures from rising by more than the 2C danger threshold.
The global total of carbon emissions will continue to grow, although more slowly than over the past two decades.
However the UN report says the plans are a major step forward and the 2C goal is still "within reach".
The UN believes that these national climate plans, called Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) will form the cornerstone of a binding, global treaty on climate change that will be agreed at a conference in Paris in December.
According to the UN, the submissions now cover around 86% of global emissions: about four times the amount covered by the Kyoto Protocol, the world's first carbon cutting treaty.
Their assessment is decidedly upbeat about the plans, despite acknowledging that taken together they point to rises in global temperatures of 2.7C above the pre-industrial level.
Scientists have determined that if temperature rises exceed 2C, this will lead to significant and dangerous climate impacts, which will especially hit the world's poor.
UN climate chief, Christiana Figueres, said the plans were an excellent first step: "The INDCs have the capability of limiting the forecast temperature rise to around 2.7C by 2100, by no means enough but a lot lower than the estimated four, five, or more degrees of warming projected by many prior to the INDCs."
Observers say the 2.7C figure is a substantial improvement on 3.1C, which was the estimate when the plans were assessed last December.
COP 21 - the 21st session of the Conference of the Parties - will see more than 190 nations gather in Paris to discuss a possible new global agreement on climate change, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the threat of dangerous warming due to human activities.
Explained: What is climate change?
In video: Why does the Paris conference matter?
Analysis: Latest from BBC environment correspondent Matt McGrath
More: BBC News climate change special report
A key finding of the UN reports is that the INDCs will bring down per capita emissions by 9% by 2030.
But while the rate of growth in CO2 may be declining, the overall amount of carbon in the atmosphere will continue to grow significantly over the next 15 years.
Compared to 2010 levels, the UN says that overall emissions could be up to 22% higher in 2030. The assessment says that, as they stand, the plans won't achieve the goal of peaking global emissions and then reducing them rapidly.
Another concern is that 25% of the total range of emissions reductions are conditional upon financial support from richer countries.
Despite these issues, the fact that so many countries, rich and poor, have submitted plans to cut carbon is giving environmental campaigners great hope that a new deal is imminent.
"The vast majority of the INDCs this time around, 105 of them, contain concrete greenhouse gas mitigation targets. That's in contrast to 27 for Copenhagen," said Taryn Fransen from the World Resources Institute, referring to the failed conference in the Danish capital in 2009.
"You have quite a few more countries that are now specifying absolute decreases in emissions levels. You have countries like China, South Africa and Singapore talking about peaking emissions through a hard cap.
"Even much smaller countries like Ethiopia, Bhutan and Costa Rica are identifying absolute limits on the quantity of emissions. I think that signals a real evolution."
The challenge for the UN is now to take these intentions and turn them into a coherent and legally binding deal when heads of government and negotiators meet in Paris in a month.
Analysis: David Shukman - BBC Science Editor
An "unprecedented engagement", says Christiana Figueres, the head of the UN's climate change negotiations. And if one thinks back to the irritable, dysfunctional days of the Copenhagen summit in 2009, the last big push for an international response to global warming, there has been a remarkable turnaround.
In the aftermath of that failed gathering, it seemed almost inconceivable that within a matter of years new momentum would be returned to what has generally been a faltering process.
It's worth bearing in mind that the national pledges to take action are of course entirely voluntary.
When the idea of individual submissions was first agreed, it was perfectly possible that many, if not most, of the world's 196 countries would choose to turn a blind eye, or plead some other pressing distraction, or argue that cutting greenhouse gases is a task to be faced by others.
Instead, an impressive 86% of global emissions are covered if you add up the total of all the different pledges.
Will it ultimately make any difference?
The numbers don't add up to what the scientists say is needed to avoid the worst of global warming. Emissions will still keep rising, albeit at a slower pace.
And the promises are just that - promises. Who knows how many governments will turn them into law and take them seriously? How many will refuse to act until the right finance is offered?
The outcome of all this is uncertain and much depends on the exact deal thrashed out at the approaching summit in Paris.
Copenhagen may well haunt the talks. But compared to where this process stood six years ago, there's a world of difference.
Even though the plans don't add up to enough of a cut to avoid a 2C rise, campaigners believe that a strong review mechanism can - and must - be put in place by the Paris agreement.
"Paris will not be the end of the world's efforts to tackle climate change, but it might be the end of the beginning," said Mohammed Adow from Christian Aid.
"Going forward we will need a five-year review mechanism that will track how countries are doing and push them to do more as technology advances and more finance becomes available."
Getting all that into a Paris deal won't be easy. In fact the emissions pledges are the most straightforward aspect.
In fact, the negotiators now have a draft document that runs to 50 dense pages.
In the words of one delegate at a recent negotiating session, even the world's best paid lawyer would be hard pressed to understand it.
Follow Matt on Twitter: @mattmcgrathbbc

Fijian Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama said that the islands needed the US now as much as they did during World War Two.
He was speaking as global climate talks in Marrakech came to an end.
Mr Bainimarama said that climate change was not a hoax, as US President-elect Donald Trump has claimed.
Mr Trump has promised to pull the US out of the Paris Climate Agreement and scrap all payments for UN global warming projects.
But as he accepted the role of president of the Conference of the Parties for the year ahead, the Fijian leader took the opportunity to call on to the next US president to step away from his scepticism.
"I again appeal to the President-elect of the US Donald Trump to show leadership on this issue by abandoning his position that man-made climate change is a hoax," said Mr Bainimarama.
"On the contrary, the global scientific consensus is that it is very real and we must act more decisively to avoid catastrophe."
He also made a direct call to the American people to come to their aid in the face of rising seas, driven by global warming.
"We in the Pacific, in common with the whole world, look to America for the leadership and engagement and assistance on climate change just as we looked to America in the dark days of World War Two.
"I say to the American people, you came to save us then, and it is time for you to help save us now."
After two weeks of talks here in Marrakech, participants arrived at a consensus on the next steps forward for the landmark climate treaty.
This gathering saw the opening of CMA1, the Conference of the Parties meeting as the signatories of the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global temperature rises.
CMA1 will be the formal UN body that will run, manage and set the rules for the operation of the Paris treaty.
The number of countries who have ratified the agreement jumped above 100 with the UK joining during the last few days of the conference.
"Delegates in Marrakech made crucial progress in building the foundation to support the Paris agreement, which went into force just days before COP22," said Paula Caballero from the World Resources Institute.
"Most importantly, negotiators agreed to finalise the rules of the Paris Agreement by 2018 and developed a clear roadmap to meet that deadline."
The participants also agreed the Marrakech Proclamation, a statement re-affirming the intentions of all 197 signatories to the Paris deal.
Seen as show of unity on the issue in the light a possible US withdrawal, countries stated they would live up to their promises to reduce emissions. The proclamation also called on all states to increase their carbon cutting ambitions, urgently.
Some of the poorest nations in the world announced that they were moving towards 100% green energy at this meeting.
The Climate Vulnerable Forum said that the 47 member countries, including Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Yemen, would achieve this goal between 2030 and 2050. And they challenged richer countries to do the same.
Despite these steps forward there were still some areas of significant difference between the parties, especially over money. The talks will continue in 2017 with a new the US delegation picked by the Trump administration.
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Question: Brighton midfielder Dale Stephens says he will honour his contract, despite having a transfer request rejected by the Championship club on deadline day.

The Seagulls turned down several bids from Premier League side Burnley for the 27-year-old this summer.
Stephens posted on Twitter he had been "reluctant" to submit a transfer request but wanted an opportunity to play in the top flight.
The ex-Charlton man is out of contract at the Amex Stadium next summer.
"The club have been aware for five weeks I wanted to leave to fulfil my ambition of playing in the Premier League," Stephens said in a message to Brighton supporters.
"I'm 27 and recognised this could by my final opportunity to do so, which is why I feel disappointed my chance was taken away.
"I prefer to give you honesty rather than shy away from my actions now the window is closed."
Stephens missed one Championship game for Brighton last season but he has only made two appearances for Chris Hughton's side in the new campaign.
Former Brighton midfielder Warren Aspinall told BBC Sussex:
"All Dale Stephens is trying to do is play at the highest level he can.
"Maybe he can get to the Premier League with Brighton and if not there will be a few takers sniffing around in the summer.
"It is a brave decision from Brighton to waive a supposed £8m fee for him but hopefully it will pay off for the club and the player.
"He is a lad who has always given everything. If he doesn't give it his best shot for Brighton and perform to his highest ability the manager will take him out of the equation."

Berahino, 21, made an impressive start to the season, scoring seven goals in West Brom's first nine games.
He earned an England call-up in November but has started just one of Albion's last five matches.
The club said on Twitter: "This Berahino story for £23m is, and always has been, an entire fabrication."
The Baggies academy product said in November he may have to leave the club to play in the Champions League.
He has been linked with a move to Anfield, with Tottenham also reported to be interested.
Following Berahino's first call-up to the England squad, West Brom began contract talks with the striker last month in a bid to extend his current deal beyond 2017.


Question: Represent the natural language

Question: Tom Lawrence took his tally to five goals in three games as Ipswich Town overcame Championship strugglers Blackburn Rovers at Portman Road.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence!
Example:
Provided: "['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', 'The City of Yarra made a unanimous decision to drop all references to Australia Day and cease holding citizenship ceremonies on 26 January.\nAustralia Day is the anniversary of the arrival of Britain\'s first settlers in 1788, an event many indigenous Australians refer to as "Invasion Day".\nPrime Minister Malcolm Turnbull criticised the council\'s decision.\n"The council is using a day that should unite Australians to divide Australians," he said in a statement.\n"An attack on Australia Day is a repudiation of the values the day celebrates: freedom, a fair go, mateship and diversity."\nThe council said it had made its decision following months of consultation.\n"We have been informed very consistently from the Aboriginal community in Yarra and more broadly that it is not a day of celebration for them," Mayor Amanda Stone told the Australian Broadcasting Corp.\n"It is very hard to reconcile having a day of national celebration when one whole sector of the population feels excluded."\nHowever, she said the council had also taken many calls from people opposing the decision.\nCalls to shift Australia Day have grown in recent years. This year, "Invasion Day" protests were held around the country.\nLast year, a Western Australian council also attempted to shift its celebrations but reversed its decision following pressure from Mr Turnbull\'s government.\nMr Turnbull said he acknowledged the day was "complex for many indigenous Australians", but the "overwhelming majority" of Australians believed the date should not change.\nAccording to a recent survey, more than 70% of Australians identify the day as important to them, but only 43% could name its historical origin.']" Match: "['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', 'A council in Melbourne has voted to stop celebrating Australia Day because of Aboriginal cultural sensitivities.']"

Lawrence put the hosts ahead with a free-kick before Hope Akpan levelled.
Christophe Berra's close-range finish restored Town's lead and Lawrence made it 3-1 with a superb 30-yard strike.
Danny Graham pulled a goal back from the penalty spot after Akpan was brought down by Adam Webster, but Rovers could not find a late equaliser.
Defeat leaves Owen Coyle's Blackburn side one point and one place adrift of safety after 26 games, while the victory lifts Ipswich two places up to 14th in the table.
In a bright start by the hosts, Freddie Sears twice called Rovers goalkeeper Jason Steele into action, while at the other end Sam Gallagher was menacing, with Bartosz Bialkowski denying the forward in a one-on-one.
Lawrence then squeezed a free-kick under Steele for the opening goal, only for Akpan to respond before half-time, meeting a cut-back pass from Graham to level just before the break,
A Lawrence corner led to Berra's goal and the 23-year-old, on loan from Leicester City, added a tremendous third before Graham gave the visitors late hope in an entertaining game.
Following the match, Town boss Mick McCarthy also revealed that the Championship club had signed 24-year-old striker Kieffer Moore from National League side Forest Green on an 18-month deal.
Ipswich Town manager Mick McCarthy:
"Tom [Lawrence] is flying at the minute and he should rejoice in the fact that he is playing as well as he is in a struggling side.
"He has been carrying us with his performances and goals and he will have plenty of options in the summer. He should just enjoy his football at the minute and the rewards will come by playing like that.
"There has been some doom and gloom which comes with not winning games and not playing well. But I thought we put in a good performance and should have won more comfortably."
Blackburn Rovers boss Owen Coyle:
"I thought we were cutting out the individual errors, but the goals we gave away were cheap and avoidable, although Tom Lawrence's was a contender for goal of the season.
"We now have a run of home games to move ourselves up the league."
Match ends, Ipswich Town 3, Blackburn Rovers 2.
Second Half ends, Ipswich Town 3, Blackburn Rovers 2.
Attempt missed. Freddie Sears (Ipswich Town) right footed shot from the right side of the box is just a bit too high. Assisted by Grant Ward.
Attempt missed. Tom Lawrence (Ipswich Town) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the right from a direct free kick.
Tom Lawrence (Ipswich Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Darragh Lenihan (Blackburn Rovers).
Substitution, Ipswich Town. Paul Digby replaces Kevin Bru.
Foul by Tom Lawrence (Ipswich Town).
Ben Marshall (Blackburn Rovers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Christophe Berra (Ipswich Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Marvin Emnes (Blackburn Rovers).
Offside, Blackburn Rovers. Liam Feeney tries a through ball, but Danny Graham is caught offside.
Joshua Emmanuel (Ipswich Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Derrick Williams (Blackburn Rovers).
Foul by Freddie Sears (Ipswich Town).
Charlie Mulgrew (Blackburn Rovers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Luke Chambers (Ipswich Town).
Danny Graham (Blackburn Rovers) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Offside, Blackburn Rovers. Ben Marshall tries a through ball, but Marvin Emnes is caught offside.
Goal!  Ipswich Town 3, Blackburn Rovers 2. Danny Graham (Blackburn Rovers) converts the penalty with a right footed shot to the bottom right corner.
Penalty conceded by Adam Webster (Ipswich Town) after a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty Blackburn Rovers. Hope Akpan draws a foul in the penalty area.
Offside, Ipswich Town. Bartosz Bialkowski tries a through ball, but Tom Lawrence is caught offside.
Attempt saved. Freddie Sears (Ipswich Town) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Cole Skuse.
Offside, Blackburn Rovers. Charlie Mulgrew tries a through ball, but Marvin Emnes is caught offside.
Foul by Tom Lawrence (Ipswich Town).
Charlie Mulgrew (Blackburn Rovers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Ipswich Town. Grant Ward replaces Andre Dozzell.
Andre Dozzell (Ipswich Town) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Andre Dozzell (Ipswich Town).
Liam Feeney (Blackburn Rovers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Joshua Emmanuel (Ipswich Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Sam Gallagher (Blackburn Rovers).
Attempt missed. Liam Feeney (Blackburn Rovers) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Darragh Lenihan.
Substitution, Blackburn Rovers. Marvin Emnes replaces Elliott Bennett.
Foul by Joshua Emmanuel (Ipswich Town).
Elliott Bennett (Blackburn Rovers) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Goal!  Ipswich Town 3, Blackburn Rovers 1. Tom Lawrence (Ipswich Town) right footed shot from outside the box to the top right corner. Assisted by Cole Skuse.
Tom Lawrence (Ipswich Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Charlie Mulgrew (Blackburn Rovers).

Hendrick headed the opener from close-range, just moments after Rams keeper Lee Grant tipped a free kick from David Symington on to the crossbar.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Martin volleyed in Johnny Russell's cross for the second in injury time.
Steve McClaren's Championship side have won two out of two so far this season after beating Rotherham on Saturday.
Graham Kavanagh's team though have lost both of their games so far and are still to score, after starting their league campaign with defeat at home to newly promoted Luton Town on Saturday.


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article:

Question: The June heat waves that impacted much of the UK and Western Europe were made more intense because of climate change say scientists.

Forest fires in Portugal claimed scores of lives while emergency heat plans were triggered in France, Switzerland and the Netherlands.
Britain experienced its warmest June day since the famous heat wave of 1976.
Human-related warming made record heat 10 times more likely in parts of Europe the researchers say.
During June, mean monthly temperatures about 3C above normal were recorded across western parts of the continent. France experienced its hottest June night ever on 21st when the average around the country was 26.4C.
That same day had seen the mercury hit 34.5 at Heathrow in what was the UK's warmest June day for 40 years.
It was a similar story in the Netherlands which is set to have its hottest June on record while in Switzerland it was the second warmest since 1864.
Now, researchers with World Weather Attribution have carried out a multi-method analysis to assess the role of warming connected to human activities in these record temperatures.
"We simulate what is the possible weather under the current climate and then we simulate what is the possible weather without anthropogenic climate change, and then we compare these two likelihoods which gives us the risk ratio," Dr Friederike Otto from the University of Oxford, one of the study's authors, told BBC News.
"We found a very strong signal."
That signal, according to the authors, made heat waves at least 10 times more likely in Spain and Portugal.
Fires resulted in the deaths of 64 people in Portugal, while in Spain they forced the removal of around 1,500 people from holiday accommodation and homes.
In Central England, France, Switzerland and the Netherlands the intensity and frequency of such extreme heat was four times as likely because of climate change, the study says.
"We found clear and strong links between this month's record warmth and human-caused climate change," said Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, senior researcher at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI).
"Local temperature records show a clear warming trend, even faster than in climate models that simulate the effects of burning fossil fuels but also solar variability and land use changes," van Oldenborgh added.
The researchers say their reported results on the impact made by human related warming are conservative in some ways. Their study indicated that in countries like Spain, Portugal and France, climate change could be increasing the chances of extreme heat by up to forty times.
The scientists believe that the chances of these extreme heat events becoming much more common will increase unless rapid steps are taken to reduce carbon emissions.
"Hot months are no longer rare in our current climate. Today we can expect the kind of extreme heat that we saw in June roughly every 10 to 30 years, depending on the country," said Robert Vautard, a researcher at the Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences (LSCE), who was also involved in the study.
"By the middle of the century, this kind of extreme heat in June will become the norm in Western Europe unless we take immediate steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions."
The researchers are calling on city leaders in particular to work with scientists and public health experts to develop heat action plans.
While, usually, researchers wait to publish research like this in a peer-reviewed journal, the team felt that speed was necessary to inform public debate.
"When extreme events happen, the question is always asked 'what's the role of climate change?' and often the statement is made by a politician or by someone with a political agenda and not based on scientific  evidence," said Dr Otto.
"Our aim is to provide that for the role of climate change, to show what you can robustly say within the time frame when people are discussing the event."
Follow Matt on Twitter and on Facebook

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

That El Nino played havoc with world weather systems and was blamed for several extreme weather events.
The current El Nino has been linked to several floods and unusually warm conditions in the northern hemisphere.
The phenomenon sees warm waters of the central Pacific expand eastwards towards North and South America.
El Nino is a naturally occurring weather episode which happens every two to seven years.
It usually peaks late in the calendar year, although the effects can persist well into the following spring and last up to 12 months.
Nasa says the current El Nino "shows no signs of waning", based on the latest satellite image of the Pacific Ocean.
It bears "a striking resemblance" to one from December 1997, the agency says, "the signature of a big and powerful El Nino".
Strongest El Nino since 1950 on the way
Matt McGrath: 'High impacts' from globally stronger El Nino
Worries over humanitarian impact
This year's El Nino has been linked to the worst floods seen in 50 years in Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.
The floods there have forced more than 150,000 people from their homes -  more than 100,000 of them in the Paraguayan capital alone.
In the US, 13 people have died in the US state of Missouri as a result of flooded rivers after tornadoes and storms hit the region.
A five-mile (8km) section of the Mississippi River near St Louis was closed to vessels as a result of the "hazardous conditions" that have been caused.
El Nino has also been cited as a factor in the floods that have hit northern parts of the UK, forcing thousands from their homes and leaving thousands more without power.
Storm Frank, which is expected to bring fresh rain and flooding to the UK this week, is part of a weather system causing unusually high temperatures in the Arctic.
One weather buoy near the North Pole has measured a temperature above freezing -  almost unheard of at this time of year, when the normal figure is about -25C (-13F).
Astonishing spike at North Pole: BBC science editor David Shukman
One of the most bizarre side-effects of the current turbulence in the global weather is that even at the roof of the world, at what is meant to be the coldest time of the year in the northern hemisphere, the North Pole itself is unusually warm.
There are no instruments there at the moment to provide exact readings but US weather buoys, drifting with the ice slightly to the south, have recorded the extraordinary fact of temperatures nudging just above zero.  And the Norwegian weather service estimates temperatures there to be around -2C.
Either way, that is astonishingly warm given the average temperature for the time of year, which is around -25C.
The spike in warmth will not last long but may conceivably act as a brake on the usual process of the growth of winter ice in the Arctic. And it certainly serves as a reminder of the power and reach of Storm Frank, which is currently battering the UK, as the swirl of winds around it has pushed warm air northwards.
Higher temperatures than the seasonal average have been noted in many parts of Europe and the US.
Average temperatures on Christmas Day in France were the second highest on record, just below those of 1997.
The mild weather has forced farmers to harvest crops such as salad, strawberries and asparagus early, with reports of large amounts of produce going to waste.
Desperation in one French ski resort at the lack of snow led to 100 tons of snow being airlifted in by helicopter.
In Italy, experts say the unusually calm and dry weather has exacerbated pollution over the cities of Milan and Rome.
By contrast, in Mexico El Nino is being blamed for freezing temperatures in the north of the country, with snow seen in parts of the Sonoran desert for the first time in 33 years. Three deaths have been blamed on the cold in Sonora state.
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO)  has stressed that El Nino is not the only factor driving global climate patterns but said the implications of the weather systems in a warmer world are uncertain.
"This naturally occurring El Nino event and human-induced climate change may interact and modify each other in ways which we have never before experienced, " WMO secretary general Michael Jarraud said last month.
"Even before the onset of El Nino, global average surface temperatures had reached new records. El Nino is turning up the heat even further," he said.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Fidel Castro has broken his silence over President Obama's Cuba visit in a damning letter published in state-run newspaper Granma.

Fidel, who handed power to his brother Raul a decade ago, said Cuba did not need any gifts from the "empire".
He described Mr Obama's words of reconciliation as "syrupy" and warned they could give Cubans a heart attack.
Mr Obama had suggested that it was time to bury the last remnant of the Cold War in the Americas.
In his 1,500-word letter, Fidel Castro also reminded readers of the Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961, in which a CIA-sponsored paramilitary force of Cuban exiles attempted to take over the island.
However, the 89-year-old ex-leader also said his "modest suggestion" was that Mr Obama "reflects and doesn't try to develop theories about Cuban politics".
During his visit, Mr Obama invoked "a future of hope" for Cuba in an unprecedented live TV address delivered from the Grand Theatre in Havana.
He told President Raul Castro that he did not need to fear a threat from the US nor from "the voice of the Cuban people".
He also called for the lifting of the 54-year old US trade embargo against Cuba, a remark which was met by loud applause.
The embargo remains one of the main sticking points in US-Cuban relations but can only be lifted by the US Congress.
Mr Obama's visit to Cuba was the first by a president since the Communist revolution in 1959.
Six sticking points to better relations - Guantanamo Bay, human rights and media freedoms are among the unresolved issues
Cuba's DIY economy - A new generation of Cuban entrepreneurs are launching private businesses
Internet access still restricted in Cuba - Only about 5% of Cubans have web access at home

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence!

Shortly after President Trump signed an executive order for "the immediate construction of a physical wall on the southern border", prominent Mexicans began reacting with outrage.
"From threat to reality: Trump's words about the wall," Mexican newspaper Milenio headlined its story, publishing a string of past tweets from the US president to show how he was following through on his pledge to bolster border security, crack down on illegal immigration, and shift investments and jobs back to the US.
Left-wing daily La Jornada featured the president's confident assertion to ABC TV that the border wall would be constructed quickly, with Mexico expected to pick up the bill.
"Trump: the wall, in 'months'; Mexico will pay 100 per cent", it reported.
Senator Armando Rios Piter called Mr Trump's announcement a "hostile and enemy act" and urged Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto to stay away from a scheduled meeting with the new US president, scheduled for 31 January.
Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, a former Mexican presidential candidate and leader of the left-wing opposition party National Regeneration Movement, MORENA, portrayed Mr Trump's plan as an act of aggression.
"President Trump: your wall attacks us and leaves the [US] Statute of Liberty as a myth. We'll go to the international courts. Long live fraternity," he wrote on his @lopezobrador Twitter account.
Influential Mexican journalist Leon Krauze also took to Twitter, calling the announcement a day that was "unworthy of America's foundation #AmericanWall".
Prominent Mexican political analyst Jesus Silva-Herzog Marquez called it an "announcement of a humiliation", and appeared unimpressed by Mr Trump's offer of a "win-win" relationship between the two neighbours.
"Trump offers a sweet to Pena Nieto, while not hiding the stick," he tweeted.
Major newspapers and commentators noted that Mr Trump's executive order coincided with a visit to Washington DC by two of Mexico's President Pena Nieto's top envoys - Foreign Relations Secretary Luis Videgaray and Economy Secretary Ildefonso Guajardo.
The former president of the Party of the Democratic Revolution, Agustin Basave, said on his Twitter account that Mr Videgaray - who organised a meeting between Mr Pena Nieto and Mr Trump last year - should cancel his trip.
"Trump welcomes his friend @LVidegaray by spitting in his face," he said.
Earlier in the day, when Mexican newspapers were already braced for Mr Trump's announcement, leading daily La Reforma also highlighted the fact the announcement coincided with the pair's visit to Washington.
"They run into the wall," the newspaper's print edition headline observed.
The governor of the central Mexican state of Guanajuato, Miguel Marquez, added his voice to those calling for Mr Videgaray and Mr Guajardo to cut short their official trip to Washington for the sake of national honour.
In a radio interview, he said Mexico should keep "its head held high" and act "with dignity".
On the prospect of the two ministers returning from the US early, he said such a move would not be "breaking ties" but said of the Mr Trump: "This is not how you should receive us".
Mexico's outrage also appeared to be shared by Latin American leaders meeting at a regional summit in Dominican Republic.
"A wall is not the solution to migration," Ecuador's president, Rafael Correa, said from the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) summit, cited by pan-American TV news network TeleSUR.


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article.

Question: Sprinter Usain Bolt has beaten Justin Gatlin to win the 100m title at the World Athletics Championships.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

Bolt had stumbled out of the blocks in winning his semi-final but managed to run a season's best time of 9.79 seconds to win in the final.
Justin Gatlin had been unbeaten in 28 races and started off as favourite after running a fast time in his semi-final.
But there was no beating Usain.
The Jamaican took the title for the third time.

The 29-year-old Jamaican, who holds the world 200m record with 19.19 seconds, will line up against Britain's European 200m champion Adam Gemili.
Britain's Zharnel Hughes, fifth in last year's World Championship 200m, also runs in the event, which serves as the London leg of the Diamond League.
Bolt holds the London Grand Prix record (19.76), set at Crystal Palace in 2008.
Find out about how to get into running with our special guide.
Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake, 22, the second fastest Briton of all time with a personal best of 19.95, is also expected to compete.
It will be Bolt's eighth appearance at the London leg - he first appeared in the former Golden League in 2005, aged 18.
He has twice competed in the 100m under the floodlights on the Friday night of the London Anniversary Games, winning in both 2013 and 2015 with times of 9.85 and 9.87 respectively.
Bolt said: "The London Anniversary Games will be one of my last races before Rio and running in the 200m will hopefully set me up for a successful Olympic Games."
You can watch live coverage of the Anniversary Games on BBC Two, the BBC Sport website and app.


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Tesla's bid to buy struggling solar energy firm SolarCity has been called "shameful" by financier Jim Chanos.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article:

Mr Chanos, who is betting against the shares of both firms, described the bid as a "shameful example of corporate governance at its worst".
Tesla made a $2.8bn (1.9bn) offer for SolarCity on Tuesday.
Tesla's chief executive Elon Musk said the deal, which will be paid for in Telsa shares, was a "no brainer".
The two firms have close ties.
Mr Musk owns 22% of SolarCity and sits on the company's board. SolarCity's chief executive Lyndon Rive and Mr Musk are cousins.
"As a combined automotive and power storage and power generation company, the potential is there for Tesla to be a trillion-dollar market cap company," Mr Musk said.
Mr Chanos has taken short positions in both Tesla and SolarCity.
When investors take short positions they borrow shares of a company, sell those shares and try to buy them back at a lower price.
Mr Chanos said SolarCity was "headed toward financial distress," and neither company could handle the burden of a tie-up.
"[SolarCity] is burning hundreds of millions in cash every quarter, a burden that now Tesla shareholders will have to bear, at a total cost of over $8bn," he said.
Mr Musk said SolarCity would not impact Telsa's cash flow and would have its own positive cash flow in the next three to six months.
SolarCity reported a loss of $25m in the first quarter and has liabilities of $6bn, which includes debt and unpaid tax.
On Wednesday, Tesla's share price put the company's value at $29.8bn while SolarCity's was $2.2bn.
SolarCity's shares have fallen over 50% during the last year, but rose more than 3% on Wednesday.
Tesla shares closed more than 10% lower.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

In a letter, they said the board was "largely unchanged" since the firm went public and at risk of "groupthink".
They urged it to re-elect members annually and to add two new independent directors to the board.
In a tweet Mr Musk said the investors "should buy Ford stock" instead.
The shareholders include the California State Teachers Retirement System, Hermes Equity Ownership Services and CtW Investment Group, among others, and collectively manage assets worth $721bn (Â£547.5bn).
In a letter to Tesla lead independent director Antonio Gracias, they called for action before the firm launched its Model 3 sedan later this year - its first vehicle aimed at the mass market.
"While meeting the technical definition of independence, five of the six current non-executive directors have professional or personal ties to Mr Musk that could put at risk their ability to exercise independent judgment," the letter said.
"A thoroughly independent board would provide a critical check on possible dysfunctional group dynamics, such as groupthink."
With an almost Trumpian flair, Elon Musk has regularly used Twitter to sound off about his frustrations with Tesla's investors.
With stock surging, he gloated that there was "stormy weather in ShortsVille" - a dig at those who shorted - sold - their Tesla stock believing its value was about to fall.
On Wednesday, Mr Musk tweeted that the investment group should buy into Ford if they wanted a different corporate culture, a comment that has more weight now that Tesla is, according to market cap, worth more money.
I don't see this demand gaining much traction. The concerned group thinks there are too many personal ties between board members at Tesla, potentially clouding judgement. But there are other investors who support Tesla precisely for that reason: it's Mr Musk's team, vision and ambition. And so far he's doing very well.
Tesla board members include Mr Gracias, a shareholder and board member of SpaceX, another company controlled by Elon Musk; as well as Brad Buss, a former chief financial officer at solar power business SolarCity, which was founded by Mr Musk and later bought by Tesla.
The $2bn deal was widely criticised on Wall Street and led to a 13% fall in Tesla's share price when it was announced last June.
A Tesla spokesman said it regularly engaged with shareholders and valued their feedback.
"We are actively engaged in a search process for independent board members, which is something we committed to do several months ago, and expect to announce new additions fairly soon."
However, Mr Musk tweeted: "This investor group should buy Ford stock. Their governance is amazing..."
This month Tesla became most valuable US car company, beating General Motors for the top spot.
Last year it sold 76,230 vehicles, missing its target of at least 80,000 cars sold. In comparison, GM sold 10 million cars and Ford sold 6.7 million.


Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details
E.g. given '['Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details', "Manager Kenny Shiels credits Kilmarnock's League Cup victory to psychology as much as endeavour."]' it should be close to '['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', '"You have to believe to achieve and we worked hard on getting the boys to believe," he told BBC Scotland after the 1-0 win over Celtic at Hampden.\n"Celtic are a young team and there is always that strain on them to succeed, so we talked up their Treble chances.\n"I knew it would be difficult for them if we kept the ball because Celtic were the team under pressure."\nKilmarnock goalkeeper Cammy Bell several fine saves and substitute Dieter Van Tornhout, celebrating his birthday, won it for the underdogs with a header on 84 minutes.\n"Celtic are a fantastic team and they will go on to to be very successful," added Shiels.\n"But they were gone in the last 10 minutes."\nWe are thinking more about Liam (Kelly) than our triumphalism\nDespite Killie lifting the trophy for the first time, Shiels later revealed that the dressing room was "despondent" on hearing the news of midfielder Liam Kelly\'s father being taken to hospital after collapsing at the end of the game.\nFor several minutes after the final whistle paramedics treated Kelly senior right beside the Kilmarnock dugout.\nKelly did not join in the celebrations and went up the tunnel.\nA sombre Shiels explained: "I am all over the place, I really am.\n"It happened right beside this dugout and I am only doing this press conference out of respect to you (the media) so I hope you appreciate that.\n"I don\'t know the medical term, but it is a heart attack, probably. He is away to hospital and the family has gone with him.\n"I have gone from so high an emotion to so low an emotion.\n"We are not sure of the outcome but he is very seriously ill and that\'s a tough emotion after going up to one of the best moments of our lives.\n"The dressing room is very despondent and I don\'t know why the man above sends down these messages to us.\n"We are thinking more about Liam than our triumphalism."\nThere was a fright for Kilmarnock in stoppage time when Anthony Stokes went down in the penalty area under a challenge from Michael Nelson.\nHowever, referee Willie Collum chose to book the Celtic striker for simulation, much to the annoyance of Celtic manager Neil Lennon.\nBell was given the man-of-the-match award, having denied Gary Hooper and Anthony Stokes with excellent first-half saves as well as making other important interventions.\n"It\'s amazing, I feel very emotional at the moment, brilliant, fantastic," Bell told BBC Scotland immediately after the game.\n"It just shows how much commitment the boys had, we did it for the manager.\n"Everybody dreams, but we are realistic. I think the boys were fantastic.\n"I think we deserved to win, I had a few saves to make, but you are going to have to against Celtic."']' but not to '['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', "Rob Maclean continues his series assessing the main talking points from the weekend's Scottish football action.\nHamilton manager Martin Canning certainly had a stick with which to be beatin' Beaton after dodgy decisions gave Rangers a helping hand into the last four of the Scottish Cup.\nSo the Accies gaffer deserves massive credit for resisting the temptation - others would have jumped at the chance - to lay all the blame on poor refereeing.\nMartin said his Hamilton defence had performed as badly as the ref and his assistants and he was right.\nBut that doesn't disguise a dismal day for the match officials.\nJoe Garner shouldn't have been on the pitch to complete his first Rangers hat-trick but he can certainly use that big stroke of luck to set about proving his worth.\nFew would argue that a wild swing of his boot in the direction of Hamilton's Dougie Imrie deserved a red card rather than the yellow shown to him.\nMedia playback is not supported on this device\nJust as few would contest the view that former Preston striker Garner has provided little return on the £1.8m Rangers paid for him.\nBut a Scottish Cup treble won't do him any harm, even if at least one of his goals came gift-wrapped. And there were signs on Saturday of the prolific goal poacher Rangers reckoned they'd signed.\nIt was the great escape for Garner and he'll hope he can kick on from it.\nLet's be having Graeme Shinnie in the Scotland squad.\nThe Aberdeen captain scored the only goal of Sunday's BBC Scotland live match against Partick Thistle at Pittodrie to lead his team into the Scottish Cup semi-finals.\nIt was only his second strike of the season and obviously it's not his scoring prowess that should have Shinnie's name jotted down in Gordon Strachan's notebook.\nIt's his adaptability and dependability which make him a manager's dream, added to his high energy levels and low error count.\nShinnie could play alongside Scott Brown in central midfield or fill the problem right back berth.\nIt's not his best position but he's played there before and wouldn't let Scotland down.\nChampionship strugglers St Mirren have a double boost to take with them into Wednesday's relegation crunch match against Raith Rovers in Kirkcaldy.\nThey were a goal up at Celtic Park on Sunday against the runaway Premiership leaders for the best part of an hour.\nAnd Celtic manager Brendan Rodgers, relieved after his team came back to win 4-1, said Saints were the best domestic side he's faced this season.\nJack Ross and his squad would happily swap that compliment for three points at Stark's Park to improve their chances of survival.\nBut giving Celtic a scare, on the back of beating Hibs, doesn't do the Paisley team's hopes any harm.\nAyr United, like St Mirren, have to get back to the business of battling for their Championship place after their Scottish Cup run ended in the quarter finals.\nAnd they'll look back on their 3-1 defeat at Easter Road and wonder if they could have pulled off a shock against Hibs had they kept all 11 players on the pitch.\nTwo goals down in 12 minutes, Ian McCall's team were revitalised by one of the best strikes you'll see from 19-year-old Craig McGuffie.\nThat lifted their hopes of turning around a 2-1 deficit but a red card on the stroke of half-time for on-loan Aberdeen defender Scott McKenna's crazy challenge on John McGinn put Hibs back in control.\nAs shame-faced McKenna disappeared down the tunnel, Ayr's Cup dream went with him."]'.

Question: A pharmaceutical company in Flintshire is to close following with the loss of 66 jobs.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Quantum Pharma Plc said NuPharm would cease trading at Deeside Industrial Park by the end of December due to "significant cash losses".
The firm took over NuPharm in July last year.
It said despite continued investment, NuPharm was "not capable of becoming an earnings enhancing business", and closure was the only option.
In a statement, it said: "Other alternatives were examined but were not considered viable.
"The board believes that the best available course of action is to commence a closure of the business in an orderly fashion."
NuPharm makes products for the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries.

SPS Technologies is planning redundancies at its site on Troon Industrial Estate, Barkby Road, Leicester, according to the Unite union.
It follows news earlier this month of nearly 600 job losses at Mark Group Ltd in Leicester.
The Unite union described the proposals as "devastating".
Mark Pettifer, from the union, said it is working with the company to avoid compulsory redundancies.
He added there could also be a knock-on effect to local firms in the company's supply chain.
SPS Technologies, which makes parts for the aerospace industry, is yet to comment on the proposed job losses.
Mark Group Ltd went into administration on 8 October, with the loss of more than 570 jobs at its headquarters in Beaumont Leys.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story:

Question: United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon will visit North Korea this week, according to South Korean news agency Yonhap.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

Yonhap cited a senior UN source for its claim, which the UN has declined to comment on.
If it goes ahead, it will be the first visit by a UN chief to the country in more than two decades.
In May, North Korea abruptly cancelled a visit by Mr Ban just one day before he was due to arrive.
North Korea faces heavy UN, EU and US sanctions for its nuclear tests.
The report said it was likely he would meet North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un during his trip. No exact date was given for the visit.
Mr Ban, a former South Korean foreign minister, would be only the third secretary general to ever visit the North.
The United Nations fought on the side of the South during the Korean War, which lasted from 1950 until 1953 and led to the division of the peninsula.

Kim Yang-gon, 73, was a secretary of the ruling Workers' Party and was in charge of ties with South Korea.
He was part of a high-level delegation from North Korea that helped ease a stand-off with the South in August, after an exchange of artillery fire.
The state news agency called him Kim Jong-un's "closest comrade and a solid revolutionary partner".
"Comrade Kim Yang-gon, a Workers' Party secretary and member of the party Central Committee Politbureau... died in a traffic accident at 6:15am, Tuesday, at age 73," KCNA said, without giving details.
It added that Kim Jong-un would lead an 80-member state funeral for Mr Kim on Thursday.
Tension between North and South Korea increased in August when a border blast injured two South Korean soldiers.
Meetings at that time eventually led to the two countries stepping away from a military confrontation.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Plans to turn a former teaching campus of the University of Gloucestershire into a student village have been shared publicly for the first time.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Cheltenham's Pittville Campus was closed as a teaching facility in 2011 but 200 students still live on site.
Now the university wants to increase the accommodation to 794 students and build a bar, refectory, gym, shop, cafÃ©, games area and more.
A public consultation into the plans runs until the end of the month.
Some university professional services staff will move to work at the site for pastoral care and other support.
It is hoped that, subject to planning permission, work will start at the campus early next year and it will be ready for students by the autumn of 2016.
The campus is open from 09:00-18:00 BST, Monday to Friday until 26 August, for members of the public to view exhibition boards and leave feedback.
The university, which has three campuses in Cheltenham and Gloucester, is used by 9,000 undergraduate students and 1,000 postgraduate students and it has 1,000 staff.

City and Country, which owns HMP Kingston, showed the proposals for up to 270 homes at the site.
The developer said if social housing was to be included there would need to be 380 homes built, with blocks of up to 14 storeys instead of seven.
The Ministry of Justice sold the prison in 2014 after it had closed in 2013 to cut costs. The plans are being shown at a public consultation event.
After previous public meetings the public showed most support for a museum, with 28% of the votes, or housing with 21%.
Richard Winsborough, associate director of planning at City and Country, said: "The reason the museum doesn't feature is to make sure this scheme is viable, and residential is the highest value.
"If people think we are missing a trick they can come and tell us."
Under the proposals the gatehouse of the Grade II-listed building built in 1877 would be converted to apartments and be used as pedestrian access to the site.
City and Country is hoping to submit a planning application to Portsmouth City Council in December.
A public consultation takes place from 15:00 BST to 20:00 at the former prison.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: A girl accused of beating a woman to death in her home was "given an alibi by her mobile phone", a court heard.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

She and another girl are accused of murdering Angela Wrightson, who was found with more than 100 injuries at the Hartlepool house in December 2014.
The girls, then aged 13 and 14, deny the charge.  At Leeds Crown Court, the older has admitted manslaughter.
John Elvidge QC, for the younger girl, said the fact she was on her phone at the time showed she did not take part.
The court has heard the two girls, who are now both 15, used a variety of weapons to beat Ms Wrightson to death over a period of several hours.
The prosecution argues the girls were both "volatile" and an argument with Ms Wrightson, who had been drinking alcohol all day, spiralled into murder when both girls attacked her.
The phone had been used throughout the night, including to take selfies and download music during and after the attack, the jury was told.
Jamie Hill QC, representing the older girl, has argued she did not understand the consequences of her actions, citing her low IQ, psychological problems and a troubled upbringing.
"I am not suggesting either girl went to the house to cause violence," Mr Hill said, during his summing up.
"To be honest, I doubt if they even looked past the end of their noses. I suggest [the older girl] got dragged into a dispute [the younger girl] had with Angela Wrightson.
"It is just a terrible moment in history when these three people collided in the most appalling and tragic way.
"[The older girl] inflicted terrible violence against Angela Wrightson but is not a cold-blooded killer".
He told the court the older girl was "led" by the younger, who had  "the stronger personality" of the two.
But, Mr Elvidge said that was not the case, and the fact the younger girl was using her phone to message friends, indicated she "was not a raging monster out of control", but was so distracted by messaging friends she could have been unaware of what was going on.
"Her alibi in this case was a telephone," he said.
The trial continues.

Roland McKoy is charged with murdering Valerie Forde, 45, and 22-month-old Jahzara at the family home in Hackney, north London, on 31 March.
The brutal attack was witnessed by Mrs Forde's 28-year-old daughter Carrise.
Mr McKoy, 54, denies the murders.
Three months before the deaths, community worker Mrs Forde had ended her 18-year relationship with Mr McKoy and had set 31 March as a deadline for him to move out of the three-bedroom terrace house, the court heard.
But in the weeks leading up to the date Mr McKoy, a handyman, had become "jealous and difficult", repeatedly threatening to kill her and himself.
In January, Mrs Forde texted her sister saying "I have to be very very careful and pray for my safety each day and night", jurors were told.
The following month, she reported Mr McKoy to police after he told a neighbour he was going to burn the house down with everyone including himself inside, the court heard.
Mrs Forde began tape recording their conversations or ringing an aunt or her older daughter Carrise Forde on an "open line".
On the day of the alleged murders, Mr McKoy had still not moved out and the argument that ensued was allegedly overheard down the phone by Ms Forde.
She heard screams from her mother and half-sister before the defendant said: "This is the destruction that you have brought on to the family", jurors heard.
The court heard the young child had seen her mother being killed before Mr McKoy slit her throat with the machete.
Police went to the house in Oswald's Meade and found Mrs Forde and Jahzara dead on the first floor.
Beside them, Mr McKoy was curled up in a foetal position surrounded by weapons, the jury heard.
When he was roused, he was sick and his vomit smelled of bleach, the court heard.
Mr Brown told jurors a note had been found on the dead woman's face that "seeks in some perverse way to blame Valerie Forde for what had happened".
The note read: "Valerie Forde you never stop playing derty ticks (sic) for many years on all people places and things you targets. Now the world must see the sudden destru..tions you creates in our families, our home and on yourself Our fame in history Roland."
Prosecutor Ed Brown QC said the motive for the double murder was "beyond sensible comprehension" but the evidence suggested it was "little more than anger and resentment".
The court heard how Mrs Forde's relationship with Mr McKoy began in 1996 but hit the rocks after she discovered he was already married to a woman called Pamela McKoy.
The trial continues.


Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

The provided query could be '['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', "An exciting new discovery's been made on the Moon."]' and the positive '['represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', "2 October 2014 Last updated at 10:50 BST\nSounds crazy but scientists from the US space agency NASA have been studying satellite images and say they've spotted a huge rectangular feature buried beneath the surface.\nThe 2,500km-wide structure is thought to be the remains of ancient valleys that later became filled with lava from the moon's volcanoes.\nHere's Jenny with the details."]' and the negative '['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', 'Here are a selection of pictures from around the country as the results are announced.']'

Question: The Queen has made her first visit to a World War Two concentration camp, Bergen-Belsen, in northern Germany.

The camp, where teenage diarist Anne Frank was among thousands to die, was liberated by British soldiers in 1945.
The UK monarch, accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, laid a wreath at a memorial there on the final day of her four-day state visit to Germany.
She met British veterans who liberated the camp, and heard stories of the "horrific" scenes that greeted them.
More than 50,000 prisoners from all over Europe were killed at Bergen-Belsen or died later as a result of their treatment in the camp.
This was a Queen who lived through World War Two as a teenager, coming to learn first-hand about some of the very worst excesses of a former enemy.
With Prince Philip she passed the mounds that mark where the mass graves are.  There are 13 mounds.  They contain the remains of more than 20,000 people.
There was no pomp or ceremony; just a couple from the wartime generation taking their time to reflect and to pay their respects.
The 89-year-old Queen and her husband, who's 94, walked quite a distance through what remains of the camp, and met a few of those who lived and three of the British soldiers who set them free.  The survivors and the liberators told them about their shared experience of horror.
At the end the Queen said to one person: "It's difficult to imagine isn't it?"
Read more from Peter Hunt
Bergen-Belsen liberated 70 years ago
Bergen-Belsen survivor reunites with one of the camp liberators
The Belsen 'finishing camp' remembered
The Queen, who is patron of the Holocaust Memorial Day Trust, had not visited a concentration camp before and it is believed she requested the trip.
She was taken on a tour of the site - which was razed to the ground and is now a museum and memorial to those who died - with the minimum of protocol.
She met with representatives of Jewish and Christian communities, as well as a small group of survivors and liberators.
Among them was veteran pilot Captain Eric "Winkle" Brown, 96. The Queen asked him what sort of scene greeted the British troops when he first arrived.
"I told her this was just a field of corpses," he said.
He said the Queen replied: "It must have been horrific really."
"She was listening very carefully. I would say she was quite affected by the atmosphere here. You can't avoid it, can you?" he added.
The Queen also visited a memorial to Anne Frank and her sister Margot.
Millions of copies of Anne Frank's Diary, written during the two years the teenager and her family hid from the Nazis in occupied Amsterdam, have been sold across the world.
Dr Jens-Christian Wagner, head of the Bergen-Belsen Memorial who gave the royal couple a guided tour, said the experience of visiting the site had been an emotional one for the Queen.
British troops found 60,000 prisoners when they entered the gates in April 1945, suffering from malnutrition, disease and the brutal treatment they had endured.
Thousands of corpses also lay unburied on the camp grounds.
Another of the first British soldiers to arrive after liberation described the scene to BBC Radio 5live.
Corporal Bernard Levy, who was 19 at the time, said: "It was so horrendous that nobody could take it in.
"For 68 years I'd shut the whole subject out of my mind.
"But we've got to make sure that this particular horror stays in people's minds."
The visit to the former concentration camp was the Queen's final engagement before returning to the UK.
During her official visit, she also met German Chancellor Angela Merkel and visited Berlin and Frankfurt.

Francois Hollande was taking part in a ceremony to mark 70 years since Allied troops liberated the last Nazi camps at the end of World War Two.
"The worst can always happen," Mr Hollande said at the site of Natzweiler-Struthof in Alsace.
"We prevent it by knowing."
Most of the 50,000 inmates were French resistance fighters, but they also included Jews and gypsies. By the time of its liberation, almost half the prisoners had died.
The Nazis built and tested one of their first gas chambers at the camp.
France has been grappling with rising attacks on both Jews and Muslims after deadly shootings by Islamist gunmen in January, sparking fresh debate about growing social tensions, says the BBC's Lucy Williamson in Paris.
Commemorations have also been held in northern Germany to mark the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where an estimated 70,000 people were killed, including the young Jewish diarist Anne Frank.
The president of the World Jewish Congress, Ronald Lauder, remembered the first shocking images to emerge from the camp.
"We saw the bulldozers pushing naked bodies into open pits," he said, according to AFP news agency.
He remembered "the walking skeletons, the unbelievable sadness and loss," at a ceremony attended by about 70 survivors.
Another emotional ceremony took place at the site of another camp - Jasenovac in Croatia - to mark the 70th anniversary of an escape attempt by about 600 inmates.
Only 80 or 90 inmates escaped, with the rest shot by guards.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: A thief who stole £90,000 of postage stamps to fund first-class holidays and a lifestyle "beyond his means" has been jailed.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

For instance, <<['represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'He was elected prime minister by the National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces on 14 September, two months after his predecessor Ghassan Hitto resigned due to his failure to name a cabinet or co-ordinate the provision basic services and supplies.\nMr Tomeh was said to be a consensus candidate accepted by a secular-leaning coalition with the alliance and the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood.\nBefore leaving for Turkey in 2012 after his latest detention, Mr Tomeh spent most of his life in the eastern Syrian city of Deir al-Zour.\nAccording to a biography published by the National Coalition, his political career began in 1992, when he helped set up a peaceful resistance group in Deir al-Zour. He began to preach Friday sermons at mosques in 1997, but was stopped after two years by the authorities.\nIn 2001, Mr Tomeh joined the Committee for the Revival of Civil Society in Syria, which campaigned for democracy, the release of prisoners of conscience, and the protection of human rights.\nMr Tomeh was one of the founders of the Damascus Declaration for Democratic National Change (DDDNC), a coalition of political parties, human rights groups and pro-democracy activists named after a 2005 document that demanded Syria\'s transformation from a "security state to a political state".\nHe was registered with the DDDNC as an independent nationalist and in 2006 was elected Deir al-Zour\'s representative.\nIn December 2007, Mr Tomeh became the DDDNC\'s secretary general. One week later, he was detained with several other leaders of the coalition and sentenced to two-and-a-half years in prison.\nHe was released from jail in June 2010, nine months before the start of the uprising against President Bashar al-Assad.\nMr Tomeh participated in the anti-government demonstrations and attended opposition meetings that began to take place in Deir al-Zour at the end of March 2011.\nIn July 2011, he was arrested in his dental clinic and imprisoned for a month for inciting protests and criticising the government in the media.\nHe joined the Syrian National Council, coalition of exiled opposition groups, at its formation in October 2011, under the pseudonym "Ahmed al-Saih". But he quit the SNC before long due to his inability to attend meetings and participate effectively in its activities.\nWhen the opposition formed local councils to help administer rebel-held areas of Syria, he advised the one based in Deir al-Zour.\nAfter his election as interim prime minister by the National Coalition, Mr Tomeh promised in a speech that his government would "restore order and security, protect people\'s property, revive the economy and invest in national resources to serve the welfare of the Syrian people".\n"The challenges are immense, but we can overcome them with patience and unity," he added. "We face many challenges. The most important of which is ending the destruction of our land, our people and our future. We must be united. We must work as one."\nBBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. For more reports from BBC Monitoring, click here. You can follow BBC Monitoring on Twitter and Facebook.']>>  to <<['represent.', "Ahmed Tomeh, a 48-year-old dentist and former political prisoner, has been tasked by Syria's main opposition alliance with forming an interim government to administer rebel-held areas."]>>

Andrew Swales, 39, pocketed thousands of first and second class stamp books while working as manager of a Co-op store, police said.
He sold them to pay for foreign trips, electrical goods and his gambling habit, Sheffield Crown Court heard.
Swales, of Thongsbridge, in Holmfirth, pleaded guilty to theft by employee.
Live updates on this story and others from Sheffield and South Yorkshire
The court heard Swales stole the stamps from the store in Snape Hill Road, Darfield, South Yorkshire, between 2009 and 2012.
He then sold the stamps to a stamp dealer in London for 70% of their face value, pocketing about £60,000 South Yorkshire Police said.
He was arrested after an internal investigation revealed large, high-value orders of postage stamps were unaccounted for.
The court heard Swales had attempted to blame a colleague but when police raided his home a large number of first and second class stamps were recovered.
140,625 First Class - 64p
163,636 Second Class - 55p
Det Con Graeme Badcock said Swales had made the extravagant purchases at the expense of his employer.
"This was a lifestyle beyond his means," he said.
"There is a market for second hand stamps.
"If companies for example go out of business and they have a quantity of stamps that they want to get rid of there is an outlet to sell surplus stock.
"But, Mr Swales took advantage of that and saw an opportunity for himself to make some extra money.
"The stamp dealer sold the stamps at a value of 70% of their face value so for all Mr Swales stole he received about £60,000 through his bank accounts."

Manchester Crown Court heard Medi Abalimba went on a £20,000 shopping spree at Selfridges, stayed at top hotels and even hired a helicopter.
The player, who once commanded a fee of more than £1m but whose career failed to progress, masqueraded as France youth international Gael Kakuta.
Medi Abalimba, 25, admitted multiple frauds and was sentenced to four years.
Abalimba, of Burton Street, London, phoned venues claiming to be the agent of Chelsea winger Gael Kakuta before turning up posing as the player.
The court was told he would ring a venue advising of the imminent arrival of an elite sport star, requesting discretion and paying for goods with stolen credit card details.
Abalimba obtained the details by photographing American Express cards he found in lockers he broke into using a master key at a gym in Camden, north London.
In June 2014, he visited a Manchester nightclub and ordered £2,600 worth of champagne while claiming he left his wallet in a limousine.
He pre-paid more than £2,000 using stolen credit card details telling staff he would return next day, which he did, ordering more champagne and leaving in a chauffeur-driven Bentley GT.
In July, he ordered more than £20,000 worth of clothes in Selfridges in the Trafford Centre, even displaying his football skills while shopping - but store detectives were suspicious.
His crime spree saw him stay at expensive hotels, dine at fine restaurants and, on one occasion, he even took four women from Manchester to London in a helicopter.
Greater Manchester Police tracked him down to an £800-a-night rented mansion in Berkshire.
Sgt Adam Cronshaw of GMP, said Abalimba was "charming and charismatic" and could call on his previous football experience and "some resemblance to the real Gael Kakuta to deceive his victims".
He added: "Abalimba told us that many of his victims treated him so differently because they thought he was a celebrity footballer."
The player had stints with Derby County, Oldham Athletic, Southend United, Fulham and Crystal Palace and, as a youngster, had trials with Manchester City, Manchester United and Liverpool.
He admitted 12 offences of fraud and dishonesty, in London, West Yorkshire, Manchester and Derby and asked for 19 offences to be considered.
Speaking in mitigation, his barrister Vic Wozny said Abalimba had had a "rough upbringing" and that he "ran with the wrong crowd" after coming to London at the age of five.
He said his footballing success had come with a lot of "hangers on", who Abalimba would spend his wages on.
When Abalimba "started to slide and money dried up, my client could not accept that he did not continue to lead the high life", he said.
"The offences started to happen. Thereafter my client's difficulties snowballed."
Gael Kakuta, 23, joined Spanish team Rayo Vallecano on loan for the 2014-15 season.