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Question: Australia conducts one of the world's most aggressive mass surveillance programmes, US journalist Glenn Greenwald has said.

Mr Greenwald was one of the reporters who broke the 2013 story on internet surveillance by the UK and US.
He told broadcaster ABC that Australia was "probably the country that has got away with things the most" following those revelations.
But he said "we intend to change" that, implying there could be further leaks.
Mr Greenwald was speaking on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's Lateline programme on Thursday night via videolink from Rio de Janeiro.
He said Australia was "one of the most aggressive countries that engage in mass surveillance as a member of the Five Eyes Partnership", a reference to the intelligence network established by Australia, US, UK, New Zealand and Canada.
"There are interesting documents about what Australia is doing to privacy rights - not just to their own citizens," he said, adding that he plans to release his reports "as soon as we can".
His comments came a month after whistleblower Edward Snowden criticised Australia's recently passed data retention laws at an Australian conference, where he spoke via videolink from Russia.
In March, Australia passed new laws compelling telecommunications companies to store customers' phone and computer metadata for up to two years. The government said this was aimed at combating terrorism.
Mr Snowden said he was planning to reveal more from documents taken from the US National Security Agency, including information on Australia's intelligence operations.
He said Australia's role in mass surveillance was similar to that of the UK.
"They'll collect everyone's communications, it's called pre-criminal investigation, which means they are watching everyone all the time," he said, adding that such information is also shared with other governments like the US and UK.
Mr Snowden, a former NSA contractor, exposed the extensive internet and phone surveillance being conducted by the US and the UK in 2013.
He passed NSA documents to Mr Greenwald and journalist Ewen Macaskill, who first broke the story in The Guardian.

The sites affected seemed to belong primarily to small businesses.
On Friday, Indonesia summoned Australia's ambassador amid reports that its Jakarta embassy was used as part of a US-led spying network.
The reports were based on a US National Security Agency document leaked by whistleblower Edward Snowden.
The allegations caused anger in Indonesia, which is a key ally and trading partner of Australia.
The Australian government has declined to comment on the reports, saying it does not comment on intelligence matters.
Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa told reporters on Monday: "Enough is enough".
"While [the US and Australia] are not able to confirm or deny past activities, at least they should be able, and I'm making a public expectation here, I think they should be able to say henceforth they are not going to do it anymore," he said.
"In the absence of assurances that such [spying] activities never took place, then of course we must assume that such activities are taking place, and draw our own conclusion in terms of their view of Indonesia as a partner," he added.
Anonymous Indonesia posted a list on Twitter of more than 100 Australian websites it said it had hacked. Sites affected including a bouncy castle company and a dry cleaner.
Affected websites were replaced with the message: "Stop spying on Indonesia", and an image of a Guy Fawkes silhouette on the Indonesia and Australian flags.
Members of the online group wear Guy Fawkes masks when demonstrating in public or in online videos.
The spying allegations were originally published by German newspaper Der Spiegel. The newspaper described a signals intelligence programme called Stateroom which intercepted radio, telecommunications and internet traffic using equipment in US, British, Australian and Canadian diplomatic missions.
Diplomatic posts involved included those in Jakarta, Bangkok, Hanoi, Beijing and Kuala Lumpur, amongst others, the Sydney Morning Herald reported late last week.
The reports are the latest in a series of documents leaked by ex-US intelligence contractor Edward Snowden, who has been granted temporary asylum in Russia and is wanted in the US in connection with the unauthorised disclosures.
The US is facing growing anger over reports it spied on its allies abroad.
However, correspondents say that in reality most governments conduct surveillance or espionage operations against other countries whose activities matter to them.


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Question: The demand for "designer puppies" in Scotland has led to a rise in unlicensed breeding, MSPs at Holyrood have been told.

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The Scottish SPCA's Mark Rafferty also said there was an "unquenchable" appetite for designer breeds of dogs.
He spoke to the Public Petitions Committee which is considering calls to regulate the sale and "deplorable" living conditions of puppies.
Members agreed to write to ministers and Police Scotland over the matter.
They will also take the views of animal welfare groups and local councils.
Mr Rafferty claimed that designer breeds commanded price tags averaging Â£1,000 per puppy.
He added that celebrity and consumer culture was contributing to animals and dogs being seen as "throwaway commodities" for some people.
Mr Rafferty said: "Unfortunately, I can't give you a number but it is a very serious and significant amount of animals that are coming into Scotland."
The Holyrood committee is looking at a petition from campaigner Eileen Bryant from Stranraer.
She wants tougher action to address the farming and illegal transportation of puppies.
Mr Rafferty said that while Scotland did not have a problem with large-scale puppy farms as in Ireland, there was "very little" enforcement at the sales end which is subject to unlicensed trading.
He agreed with Conservative MSP Maurice Corry, who suggested fashions were having a "significant impact in driving demand and potentially leading to an increase in unlicensed breeding".
Mr Rafferty said: "What you are getting is irresponsible or downright deceitful breeding of adult dogs that are producing pups that actually don't fit the breed standard because there is no breed standard.
"So, there is a cavalier or irresponsible approach by the breeders to the puppies."
Ms Bryant's petition urges the Scottish government to investigate measures to regulate the sales; look at the conditions in which the puppies are kept and to consider a campaign to raise public awareness.

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The Times Scotland reports that Nicola Sturgeon's team is drawing up some "radical new policies" as part of a plan to relaunch her government in the autumn. It says that now plans for an independence referendum have been put back, the SNP wants to win back some momentum.
The issue of "period poverty" is set to be tackled in a pilot study in some areas of Aberdeen, according to The Scotsman. Free sanitary products will be distributed to three secondary schools and a further education college as part of the scheme, it added.
The Herald returns to the story which dominated many front pages yesterday, claiming that the prime minister's offer to co-operate with rivals on major issues such as Brexit has been "snubbed".
A Tory MP who used a racist term while discussing Brexit has been suspended from the party, reports The National. It says an SNP councillor has called for Anne Marie Morris to be charged with inciting racial hatred.
Children who witnessed a gang fight in a Glasgow playpark could hold vital clues for detectives investigating the murder of 22-year-old Jamie Lee, according to the Daily Record.
The Press and Journal says BP has ruled out using Super Puma helicopters in the North Sea until the root cause of a fatal crash in Norway is discovered. Authorities in the UK and Norway lifted a flight ban on the offshore helicopters last week.
Scotland is "in the grip of a fly-tipping epidemic", according to the Scottish Daily Mail. The paper reports that councils are dealing with around 1,000 incidents a week.
One in four carers have not had a day off in five years, according to the I. It says a major new reports has found that many carers are reaching "breaking point".
The Scottish Daily Express highlights the case of John Reid, who served three years behind bars for killing takeaway driver Simon San. The newspaper reports that he has carried out two unprovoked attacks since his release, raising concerns that the justice system is "badly flawed".
Coffee could increase our lifespan by up to nine minutes a day, according to the front page of the Daily Telegraph.
The Courier reports that seven Royal Marines, based in Arbroath, are facing trial over a bizarre public indecency charge at a local nightclub.
Sarah Ferguson has been criticised for throwing a party for David Beckham's daughter, Harper, at Buckingham Palace, reports The Scottish Sun.


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Question: Newport County boss Graham Westley says the club are in "desperate need" of some new defenders to turn their poor form around.

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The Exiles are five points adrift at the bottom of League Two and have lost their last seven league matches.
Monday's 2-1 defeat by Wycombe Wanderers meant they have conceded 12 goals in their last four league games.
"We've has a run of results that I can't ever remember having as a manager," Westley told BBC Radio Wales.
"It's never as easy as you think or as fans hope to bring new lads through the door. I've said we are in desperate need of some defenders at the club."
With Joss Labadie sidelined with a knee injury, Westley has been forced to be creative with his team selection during the busy festive period.
"I've got Jennison [Myrie-Williams] playing at left back who is not a natural defender and Jazzi [Barnum-Bobb] who is an attacking full back but he's not a defensive one," he continued.
"We've got a pairing at centre-half that isn't an ideal pairing right now with the captain [Scot Bennett] being out."
Rhys Healey played his final game for the Exiles in the defeat by the Chairboys before returning to Cardiff City as his loan spell had ended.
"He will have learned a lot, he had a phase where things were going well for him. He got a bit of interest and there was a bit of a rumour going round that others were interested and I think he lost his way," Westley said.
"That's a lesson for him. Hopefully it'll happen to him again in his career where things are going in the right direction. You've got to respect your team at that time."

Left-footed Zyro, 23, is comfortable playing anywhere across the forward line and has won four caps for Poland.
"We have a deal agreed and it'll be kicking in at the start of January," head coach Kenny Jackett told BBC WM.
"He can play in any of the attacking positions and, being left-footed, he brings a balance."
Jackett is keen to strengthen his squad at Molineux after seeing his side's Championship play-off challenge falter in recent weeks with just one win in eight matches.
But he is confident the club's board will continue to support his desire to bring in some fresh faces.
"There's no doubt we are on the same page and want the same thing - which is success," Jackett said.
"To try and bring in some players in January is something we're all focussed on."
Wolves are nine points off the top six in the Championship and take on Reading at Molineux on Boxing Day.


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Question: Several Manx sites have been granted Dark Sky status by an international body which recognises star-gazing locations around the world.

The areas recognised by the Dark Sky Association include Smeale Nature Reserve, Niarbyl and The Sound.
The classification is given to promote astronomy and energy efficiency.
Director of Manx National Heritage (MNH) Edmund Southworth said the island now has the largest concentration of dark skies sites in Britain.
Other areas on the island given the status are Port Soderick Brooghs, Axnfell Plantation Fort Island and Sulby Reservoir Car Park.

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The facility, next to an existing one at Kielder, will house an automated telescope with retractable roof and a presentation room.
It aims to attract more educational and community groups to add to the current 23,000 annual visitors.
The Â£200,000 cost has been funded by grants from the National Lottery, Defra and the EU.
Work is due to get under way in the next few weeks and it is expected to open its doors to the public in the autumn.
A spokesman for the observatory said it was the next stage in "realising the ambition to develop an astronomical village, which would be a first for the UK".
In 2013 Northumberland National Park and Kielder Water and Forest Park were granted dark-sky status by The International Dark Skies Association.
The status means the night sky is protected and lighting controls are in place to prevent light pollution.


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Question: Images courtesy of AFP, EPA, Getty Images and Reuters

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A selection of the best photos from across Africa and of Africans elsewhere in the world this week.

Note: Medals per capita have been calculated using country populations from the UN Population Division, 2010 revision. Olympic Park visitor numbers are up to 9 August. Source: Locog, Guinness World Records, Dangerous Decibels Project, Action on Hearing Loss, UK Health and Safety Executive, UN Population Division, news agencies, BBC correspondents. Pictures: Getty, Reuters, AP, AFP.
Produced by Lucy Rodgers, Claire Shannon, Nour Saab, Luke Ward and Marina Shchukina


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Question: A teenage terror suspect has told a court he is "not sure" where he learned to make a pipe bomb.

The 17-year-old from Bradford, who cannot be named because of his age, was arrested after posting pictures of a homemade explosive device online.
He is on trial at Leeds Crown Court having denied preparing acts of terrorism and making explosives.
Counter terrorism police found the device in his bedroom after being alerted to a series of Snapchat posts.
Live updates on more stories from Yorkshire
Jurors were shown a Facebook conversation about bomb-making during which the defendant, a member of the extreme-rightwing group National Action, told another teenager: "I make miniature pipe bombs."
Barnaby Jameson, prosecuting, asked where the knowledge about pipe bomb components come from.
"Not sure. I guess I've always understood how to make one," the boy said.
He said he had "no idea" when he first learned but it would have been prior to 2016.
He might have gained it after having "seen it in a movie or something", he added.
The jury has previously been shown evidence the boy searched online for how to make a pipe bomb.
The defendant also faced questions about knowledge he appeared to display during the conversations about other kinds of explosive devices.
Mr Jameson asked: "How did you come to know about the construction of a nail bomb?"
"I just put two and two together," the boy said.
"How did you find out about a fertiliser bomb?"
"No idea," he replied.
Referring to a Snapchat post that appeared to threaten Muslims, Mr Jameson said: "It looks as if there's going to be an imminent attack on a specific group of people in Bradford."
The defendant agreed, but said "I don't know" when asked if he was surprised police were alerted
Later, the jury was shown a clip of the defendant engaging in a video chat on the social media site Omegle.
In the clip, the defendant - seen wearing a Nazi uniform - swiftly ends a conversation with the other person, a black man, before using a racially derogatory term and singing "time for the race war, time for the race war".
The defendant laughed in court when the video was played.
The boy said he did not know what he had meant when using the term "race war" and denied ending the conservation because of the other user's skin colour.
The trial continues.

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Roger Smith, 46, was concerned about an attack similar to that on Fusilier Lee Rigby, Nottingham Crown Court was told.
Smith was found guilty in November of two counts of having explosive substances and of possessing a document for terrorist purposes.
The court heard Smith saw himself as a "crusader against Muslims".
The document charge related to a copy of the Anarchy Cookbook Version 2000, a guide to making bombs based on The Anarchist Cookbook.
Updates on this story and more from Nottinghamshire
Judge Gregory Dickinson QC told Smith: "In your warped view of the world, you were preparing for the possibility of a local war with Islamic terrorists.
"In your own obsessive and misguided way, you were preparing for a fight that you believed to come."
Police searched Smith's home in Clifton, Nottingham, on 21 October 2015 and found gunpowder and large amounts of chemicals that could be used to make explosives, along with a copy of the Anarchy Cookbook Version 2000.
Smith's trial heard he was concerned about "a terrorist attack or Islamic attack similar to the Lee Rigby attack".
PCSO Matthew Holden told jurors Smith believed a citizen should have the right to "bear arms", and said words to the effect that "Islam was an evil religion and Islam was at war with the West".
The prosecution told jurors there was no allegation Smith was a terrorist or that he was going to personally commit an act of terror.
In his police interview, Smith said he made the gunpowder to entertain his young relatives by lighting it in the garden.
He claimed he had "an interest in chemistry" and had the weapons because he was a "survivalist" who liked to shoot arrows in his garden.


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Question: Huddersfield's drop-goal to beat Hull KR and secure Super League safety was off target, claims prop Jamie Peacock.

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Danny Brough's kick sealed a 23-22 win for the Giants and forces Rovers to now play-off for the last top-flight spot.
After the match, Peacock tweeted: "Beaten by a drop-goal that missed."
The Rovers forward responded to those who disagreed by adding: "Of course you had a better view than me. I was only directly in line with the ball, 12m away from the posts, on the pitch."
Interim Hull KR coach James Webster also doubted the validity of the drop-goal.
"I'm not sure the drop-goal went over," he said. "It looked to me like it went over the top of the sticks.
"It's a game of inches sometimes isn't it?"
The match was ex-England captain, former Man of Steel and multiple Super League Grand Final winner Peacock's third since coming out of retirement to try to help Rovers - where he works as head of rugby - maintain their Super League status.
Hull KR will play either Salford Red Devils or London Broncos in the Million Pound Game on Saturday, 1 October at the KC Lightstream Stadium.

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Following John Bateman's early try, Tonga international wingers Fetuli Talanoa and Mahe Fonua both scored to put Hull 12-6 up.
Oliver Gildart crossed again for Wigan but George Williams missed the kick.
Fonua's second, converted by man of the match Marc Sneyd, took Hull clear before Joe Burgess gave Wigan hope and Burgess had a late try disallowed.
That was the third try ruled out, the second for Wigan after Tony Clubb had been denied by the video referee for losing the ball over the line, closely following a Fonua try chalked off for obstruction.
Having matched Hull on the try count, Williams' two missed conversions meant Wigan paid a heavy price for not having as a reliable a kicker as Sneyd.
Having also won the Lance Todd Trophy in the victory over Warrington in 2016, Sneyd won the award again for his 100% haul with the boot - as well as the part he played with his kicking from hand in all three Hull tries.
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The role of the kicker in any game of rugby league is crucial - and never more so than here.
Wigan got off to a great start when Hull allowed Thomas Leuluai's hopeful high kick to bounce, which it did horribly, spearing itself into the grateful clutches of centre Anthony Gelling who passed inside for Bateman to score.
But Sneyd was about to take control, abetted massively by half-back partner Albert Kelly.
When Wigan failed to prevent the slippery Kelly offloading on a last tackle, Sneyd hoisted a high one and Talanoa easily outjumped Liam Marshall to score.
Then, on 20 minutes, what looked a routine Sneyd high kick to the right caused an unexpected level of havoc - and Hull even had another man spare outside him as Fonua picked up to score.
Leuluai and Williams linked beautifully to send Gildart over at the left corner on 32 minutes but Williams missed from the left touchline.
Having led 12-10 at the break, it was then Sneyd's 40-20 kick into the left corner that built the attacking base which allowed Kelly, with a low pass, to get Fonua in at the right corner.
And, although Burgess halved the deficit from eight to four points, Williams missed again from wide out on the left - and that was the way it stayed to hand Wigan their first defeat at the new Wembley.
In three previous Challenge Cup final meetings between these two, Wigan had won them all - most recently the 16-0 success for the Cherry and Whites in 2013.
Wigan's record 19 Challenge Cup wins, compared to Hull's four prior to this game, also looked a weighty statistic to hang round black and white necks.
But experience on the park is what counts for most.
Eight of Wigan's starting line-up, as well as all four replacements, were making their Wembley debuts - including late replacement Marshall, who did not have the happiest of afternoons on the right wing after coming in when Tom Davies failed a late fitness test on his ankle injury.
In contrast, only one of Hull's 17, Jake Connor, was not involved when they edged Warrington 12-10 in just as gripping a contest in 2016.
Not only did Lee Radford's men already know what winning at Wembley is all about, they had lost here too - and, in skipper Gareth Ellis's final season, came with a fierce determination to make amends for 2013.
One downside was the attendance of 68,525 - by some distance the lowest since the Challenge Cup final returned to the rebuilt Wembley in 2007.
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Wigan went into the Challenge Cup final on the back of successive Super League home wins over Huddersfield and Salford, but the trip to Wembley marked the start of a tough run-in mostly spent on the road as they bid to retain their league title.
Three of their final four games are away from home, starting with the local derby at St Helens on Friday and followed by a rematch with Hull seven days later.
The one home game they have left is against League Leaders' Shield winners Castleford, before they round off their league programme at fourth-placed Wakefield.
Third-placed Hull, three places higher than Wigan in the Super League table, will be back in action on Thursday at Leeds.
After the home game against Wigan, they also host Wakefield before finishing at Castleford.
Hull FC: Shaul; Fonua, Griffin, Tuimavave, Talanoa; Kelly, Sneyd; Watts, Houghton, Taylor, Manu, Minichiello, Ellis.
Interchanges: Green, Washbrook, Bowden, Connor.
Wigan Warriors: Tomkins; Davies, Gelling, Gildart, Burgess; Williams, Leuluai; Nuuausala, McIlorum, Clubb, Bateman, Farrell, O'Loughlin.
Interchanges: Isa, Sutton, Powell, Tautai.
Referee: Phil Bentham


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Question: A man has been arrested and charged in connection with the sexual assault of a woman in Falkirk earlier this month.

The incident, involving a 19-year-old woman, happened on Saturday 3 September outside a block of flats on Wallace Street.
Police Scotland said a 31-year-old man had been remanded in custody.
Officers thanked the local community for their help with the investigation.

The men, aged 51 and 24, were detained on Friday. A 25-year-old man who was arrested on Thursday has also been released.
Mr McKay, who was 36, was shot dead at his home on the Longlands Road last month. His funeral took place on Friday.
At least two armed men were involved in the attack.


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Question: Leigh Centurions have confirmed the signing of England half-back Rangi Chase on a two-year contract, with the option of a further year.

Chase, 29, was without a club after being released by Salford in October following a "disciplinary procedure".
He scored 15 tries in 42 game for Salford, and was previously the 2011 Man of Steel while at Castleford.
"Rangi has undoubted class that I am sure will flourish within our team," head coach Paul Rowley said.
"I will look forward to challenging Rangi in different roles to ensure we bring the best out of him and that the team benefits from his presence."
Director of rugby Derek Beaumont told BBC Radio Manchester in September that the Centurions were signing Chase, but the deal has only now been finalised.

The 30-year-old joined the Wildcats from Warrington on a two-year contract in 2015 after spells at Featherstone, Dewsbury, Gateshead and Castleford.
"I've loved it here from day one. It's just a great group of lads and everyone has been really good to me," he said.
England's new deal also includes an option to extend it for a further year if both he and the club consent.


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Question: Former Conservative Party treasurer Lord Ashcroft has told an audience of Labour Party activists: "I remain a proud tax avoider."

Instead of criticism, the peer earned a polite round of applause.
He hastily added that he paid the equivalent of his tax bill to charity, at the Fabian Society fringe meeting.
During one of the most surreal spectacles of this year's Labour conference, he said he thought the next election was Ed Miliband's to lose.
Lord Ashcroft, who was sharing a platform with senior Labour figures, including John Denham, said he had been impressed by the Labour leader's conference speech, which he had watched from the balcony at the Brighton Centre.
"I enjoyed the speech. I thought he delivered it well. He was self-deprecating and handled humour extremely well. Unfortunately for him, I doubt it will go very far towards convincing a sceptical public about his qualities as a leader."
Lord Ashcroft, a former Tory Party treasurer who has donated millions to the party, has reinvented himself in recent years as a widely respected pollster and internet politics magnate.
He did not have good news for the Labour leader from his latest batch of focus groups, saying his researchers "regularly hear words like 'out of his depth' and 'not as good as his brother'".
"Infuriating though this must be to you all, it shows how hard it is to change perceptions of a leader once they are entrenched," he said.
He said Labour had been lulled into a false sense of security by the mass defection of Lib Dem voters after the last election, but the party had still not done enough to regain voters' trust on the economy.
He also attacked Mr Miliband's announcement of plans to freeze gas and electricity bills, which he called a "form of price control" that was "doomed" to fail.
But despite all of that, he added, he still thought the next election was Labour's to lose.
"For many swing voters, Labour's great virtue is that its heart is in the right place. If Labour is the party that understands people, the Tories are the party who will take tough decisions even if they are unpopular. When Labour could claim a monopoly on both those things, the party was unbeatable."
He said his polling in marginal seats showed a "great swing to the Labour Party", but added that, as polling day approached, "we could see the closest election in 40 years".
The peer, who until 2010 was not domiciled in the UK for tax purposes, ended by speaking about his humble origins and his belief in the creation of wealth.
He said he had recently spoken to senior Labour figures, including former campaigns chief Tom Watson and frontbencher Michael Dugher, about how good it would be for the parties to work together.
"From my own point of view, yes, I am a notorious tax avoider and, I'd like you to know, in the confidence of this room, that I still am and I'm proud of it," he told the meeting, to laughter.
He added: "Every year, just before the end of the tax year, I see what my taxable income is and I give it to charity."
But he could not resist a final battle cry to round off the meeting, telling the Labour faithful: "I remain a proud tax avoider."

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The star of TV show The Apprentice, who is among Labour's largest donors, said on Friday the party had been "aware of my disillusionment for some time".
Lord Sugar said he kept his intentions secret during the election campaign in order not to damage Labour's chances.
He plans to stay in the House of Lords, having been granted a life peerage under Gordon Brown in 2009.
Lord Sugar served as an "enterprise champion" under Mr Brown's government and was among Labour's most prominent supporters.
He is also one of the party's largest donors - giving it Â£163,827 after Ed Miliband became leader in 2010.
But in a statement, the businessman said he had lost confidence in the party over the past year and had expressed concern over Labour's direction to its "most senior figures".
He said: "In the past year I found myself losing confidence in the party due to their negative business policies and general anti-enterprise concepts they were considering if they were elected. I expressed this to the most senior figures in the party several times.
"I signed on to New Labour in 1997 but more recently, particularly in relation to business, I sensed a policy shift moving back towards what Old Labour stood for.
"By the start of this year I had made my decision to resign from the party whatever the outcome of the general election."
Lord Sugar added that he was a "loyal person" and decided to keep his intentions quiet during the election campaign.
"I have no wish to stick the boot into the party. There are many good people in Labour working hard every day to serve the public and I wish them all the best of luck. I am grateful for all the experiences being a member of Labour has brought me.
"I intend to continue in the House of Lords, representing the interests of business and enterprise in the UK. I will be making no further comment at this time."
Ben Bradshaw, the former Labour culture minister, urged him not to quit.
In a tweet, Mr Bradshaw said: "This is just the time *not* to leave but to stay & help us back to sanity ensuring we win in 2020."
Lord Sugar's announcement follows criticism of Labour strategy from other prominent party figures, including ex-PM Tony Blair and former minister Peter Mandelson.
Writing in the Observer newspaper on Sunday, Mr Blair said Labour needed to "appeal to those running businesses as well as those working in them".


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Question: The rate of police-reported crime in Canada dropped 6% in 2011, and is now at its lowest level since 1972, says the national statistics agency.

Excluding traffic offences, 1,984,916 incidents
          were reported last year
, marking the eighth consecutive annual national decline in crime.
Less property crime, fewer break-ins and car thefts drove the crime rate down, but there were more murders.
Crime peaked in 1991 in Canada but has seen a downward trend since then.
The figures,
          compiled by the Canadian Centre of Justice Statistics
 and released by Statistics Canada on Tuesday, showed that the 7% increase in homicides to 598 was a result of more killings in Alberta and Quebec.
But the report said that "despite annual fluctuations, the homicide rate has generally been declining since peaking in the mid-1970s".
As well as murders, other serious crimes were reported to be on the rise, including:
But the crime severity index, which measures the seriousness of the crime, was down by 6% last year.
For a number of years violent crimes have made up about 20% of all violations reported by police,
          CBC News reported
.
The annual report noted that while four out of five adults charged for crimes in Canada were male, the number of female offenders has been rising in recent years. Women accounted for 49% of abduction cases, 47% of prostitution cases, and 37% of thefts under CAN$5,000 (Â£3,157).
Recent figures from the FBI suggests that crime rates are also declining in the US.
          A 2011 report suggested
 that in 2010 violent crime had dropped by 6% from the year before - a fourth consecutive annual decline.
Property offences were reported to be down by 2.7% from the previous year in the US, data from nationwide law enforcement agencies showed.

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Sex crimes rose from 4,108 to 5,016 while violent crime went up from 40,771 to 49,046.
Figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) on Thursday show there were just over 185,000 recorded crimes in Wales in 2015, a rise of 2.5% compared to last year.
The total number of crimes went from 180,648 in 2014 to 185,075 in 2015.
Across Wales and England the number of sexual offences recorded by police rose to more than 100,000 for the first time ever.
The ONS said improvements in crime recording processes by the police were thought to be the main driver of the change.


Question: West Ham striker Carlton Cole has accepted a Football Association charge for directing abusive comments towards a Tottenham supporter on Twitter.

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Cole's expletive-laden response to the fan followed a 2-2 draw between the Hammers and Spurs on 22 February, a game he had played in.
An FA independent commission will now meet to decide his punishment.
In April 2011, Cole, 31, was fined £20,000 for comments he made on Twitter during England's friendly with Ghana.
On that occasion, he wrote: "Immigration has surrounded the Wembley premises! I knew it was a trap!
"The only way to get out safely is to wear an England jersey and paint your face w/ the St George's flag!"
He later deleted the comments and apologised, describing them as a "light-hearted joke".
Cole has made 17 appearances for the Hammers this season and scored three goals.

The 37-year-old was sent to the stands during the closing minutes of the 1-0 defeat at Ashton Gate on 27 September.
He admitted a Football Association misconduct charge of "using abusive and/or insulting words towards a match official".
Monk will serve his ban in Saturday's Championship match at Derby.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: A top Catholic state school has won a legal challenge against findings its admissions criteria unfairly disadvantaged poorer children.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence!

A High Court judge said an education watchdog's conclusions relating to The London Oratory School were "flawed".
Mr Justice Cobb said findings the school was socially selective and discriminatory must be quashed.
The school challenged a number of conclusions by the Office of the Schools Adjudicator (OSA).
Head teacher David McFadden said: "It is profoundly regrettable that the school - and other schools - have to expend precious resources, year after year, in standing up to the Office of the Schools Adjudicator."
The OSA investigation was triggered by a complaint from the British Humanist Association about the faith-based criteria used to select pupils at the heavily oversubscribed Catholic academy.
The school went to the High Court to challenge a number of OSA findings that its admissions code had been breached in 2014 and 2015.
Following a hearing in March, Mr Justice Cobb announced his decision to quash some of the decisions but upheld others.
The judge rejected the school's challenge that it was a breach of the code to include "service in a Catholic parish or in the wider Catholic Church" as one of its selection criteria.
This could include reading, singing in the choir, flower arranging or carrying out voluntary work.
He ruled an issue relating to the "extent to which the school had regard to the diocesan guidance" when considering its faith-based admissions criteria should be investigated by a different adjudicator.
The British Humanist Association's campaigns manager Richy Thompson said: "It is amongst the ten most socio-economically selective state secondary schools in the country, taking just 6% of pupils eligible for school meals compared to 36% locally."
Pupils at the boys' school have included the sons of senior politicians like former prime minister Tony Blair, Liberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg and deputy Labour leader Harriet Harman.
More than 800 11-year-olds apply annually for 160 places at the school, which was founded in 1863.
Its junior house and co-educational sixth form are also oversubscribed.

Only children whose parents can afford coaching can pass the toughest exams, says the report for the Cabinet Office.
Such schools "may owe their neighbourhood" more help for poorer children, suggests author David Boyle.
Grammar school heads said their schools were less socially selective than leading comprehensives.
The report, The Barriers to Choice in Public Services, looked at "whether inward-looking admissions criteria, for example by faith and super-selective schools, ought to be balanced by a broad duty to promote a social balance inside the school".
It suggests that "state-funded schools which do not adopt some responsibility for the wider well-being of their neighbourhood may not be fulfilling the social contract that people might reasonably expect of them".
"If schools narrow their intake to those who can afford the coaching to pass entrance exams, then they may owe their neighbourhood some route whereby less advantaged local people can aspire to get their children up to that standard."
Author David Boyle, of the New Economics Foundation, told BBC News that he was not suggesting that all children should be coached to pass entrance exams into "super-selective" schools, but that the need for coaching to pass some of the tests was "a clear barrier" to some families.
A duty along these lines would not undermine the academic focus of super-selective schools, argues the study.
Barry Sindall, chief executive of the Grammar School Heads Association, quoted from a 2008 Sutton Trust study which suggested that the social make-up of grammar schools was often more diverse than that of the top 100 comprehensives where entrance is decided on proximity to the school, pushing up house prices and excluding poorer families.
Mr Sindall said that many grammar schools already offered "test familiarisation" sessions so that children from poorer families did not turn up at the entrance exam never having encountered those type of questions before.
"We want to make sure they are entering for the tests on a level playing field," said Mr Sindall.
He said that selective schools were working with academics to develop and adopt entrance tests that were resistant to coaching.
"All grammar schools want tests that are reliable and valid. We know we can't stamp out coaching but we can stamp out any gain from coaching."
The report says that the same argument about social selectivity could apply to the entrance requirements of some faith schools which require pupils and their families to belong to particular religions.
"The original purpose of faith schools was also to fulfil the demands of their faith by providing for the local neighbourhood and this objective may have become too secondary."
The Catholic Education Service rejected the suggestion that their schools were socially exclusive: "Catholic schools in England have higher proportions of pupils from ethnic minority backgrounds with 33.5% of pupils in Catholic primary schools from ethnic minority backgrounds compared with 27.6% nationally."
The statement also said that Catholic schools educate more children from the most deprived areas with 20% of pupils at Catholic secondary schools living in the most deprived areas compared with 17% nationally.
The Rev Nigel Genders, head of school policy for the Church of England's education division said: "Church schools, as opposed to faith schools, were set up 200 years ago to provide education for all.
"Church schools are hugely popular with parents, both the education secretary and prime minister send their children to one, and can become oversubscribed.
"In this case Church-related criteria for admissions may come into play.
"This would not detract at all from the school's commitment to the local community and certainly would not make it 'super-selective'."


Question: Ex-The New Saints boss Craig Harrison says he is looking forward to a new challenge as Hartlepool United manager.

Gateshead-born Harrison has taken charge of Hartlepool following their relegation to the National League.
The 39-year-old left Saints after winning a sixth consecutive Welsh Premier League title.
"I've had great times at TNS and really enjoyed every minute of it but I just feel it was the right opportunity," Harrison told BBC Wales Sport.
"The opportunity arose and I thought it was the right time to go and have a fresh challenge somewhere else.
"Everything just fits - the geographic location, facilities, (the) ambition of the club with new owners and new investors and the big fan base.
"I'm an ambitious person, driven on through having a shorter football career than what I should have had."
Harrison, who played for Middlesbrough and Crystal Palace before injury prematurely ended his professional career, had been TNS boss since 2011.
Saints won six Welsh Premier titles, four Welsh Cups and three League Cups during Harrison's time at Park Hall.
During the 2016-17 season Saints broke Ajax's 44-year-old world record for the longest winning streak in top-flight football with 27 victories in a row in all competitions.
Hartlepool in contrast have been relegated from the Football League for the first time.
"Hopefully I'll bring that winning mentality to Hartlepool," Harrison added.
"We want to get promoted at the first time of asking, but just as important is that we're building a solid foundation along the way as well."
Coaches Scott Ruscoe and Steve Evans have been put in interim charge of Saints following Harrison's departure.
And Harrison said his former assistants were "perfect" to take charge of the Oswestry-based club.
"They know the club inside out and understand what's expected of the club," Harrison said.
"They were both fantastic players and the best two players in the history of TNS.
"They both captained the club, played in massive European games and have both seen huge progression over the last 10-15 years as players and coaches.
"For me they'll keep the success up."
Harrison, who was in charge of Airbus UK Broughton before joining Saints, says the Welsh Premier League has improved and continues to develop.
"There's better players coming into the league and there are better coaches because the FAW coach education is absolutely fantastic," Harrison said.
"Hopefully Bangor City and Connah's Quay maybe are looking to go full-time and try and push TNS as best as they can.
"The league is definitely on an upward curve and I'd like to think I've had a small part to play in that."

Peter Shirtliff also returns as a coach, having worked as assistant manager at the end of last season.
Ex-Sheffield United chief scout Lee Turnbull also joins the backroom staff.
The Latics continue to search for a manager to replace John Sheridan after he left for Notts County.
Steve Evans, most recently of Leeds United, rejected the offer to manage Oldham despite agreeing personal terms.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: They queued up for brand new clothes and flip-flops - cellophane-wrapped dresses for the girls and matching shirts and shorts for the boys.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

For the rescued children this donation, from Red Cross Nigeria and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), was the first chance to get out of the tattered clothes they had been wearing for months, since the very day they were kidnapped by Boko Haram.
Handing out clothes to the women and children as well as buckets, towels and soap is the easy part.  It is much harder to help them recover from the physical and psychological damage.
"I saw death when I was with Boko Haram.  I lived with death," says Margaret.
"It's only God that saved me. But I'm not the same person now."
Her two-year-old daughter, Halima, is asleep on her lap, as her young son Jacob, four, cries relentlessly from fever and struggles to sit up on the bed beside her.
"We saw so many ugly things.  People were slaughtered with knives in front of us.  It has changed my view of the world completely," she told me.
Margaret escaped from captivity several months ago so it was surprising to find her amongst the just rescued women and children. She was there for an extraordinary reunion.
When Boko Haram gunmen stormed her village near Damboa late last year Margaret was abducted along with Halima and Jacob.
But she had three other children, aged six, eight and 10, back at home - with no one looking after them.  With the jihadists terrorising the towns and villages, killing and abducting, Margaret was worried sick about their safety.
"So I just took the risk and fled with Halima," she said adding that it would have been impossible to escape carrying both children.
She took the painful decision to leave Jacob in the jihadist camp and begged another abductee, 20-year-old Hauwa, to look after him.
I met Hauwa in another room of the school that is a temporary home for the rescued women and children.
"We really suffered there.  We were beaten if we didn't pray.  Every day we were beaten," she tells me.  Many of the children fell sick because they were eating so badly in the jihadist camp in the Sambisa forest.
Despite all the challenges she still managed to keep Jacob and another woman's child safe - a heroic act that also helped her avoid being handed out as a wife of a Boko Haram fighter.
"I am not married but I told them I was.  I said: 'Look, here are my two children.'"
Hauwa also protected the children during the terrifying rescue mission when the Nigerian military stormed the camp.
"When the aircraft were above us we lay under the bushes to avoid being hit by bullets," she says.
"The soldiers were shooting because they thought we were Boko Haram.  Some of our women were hit, some died and others were wounded."
Hearing that the Nigerian military had brought 275 of the rescued women and children to Yola, Margaret headed to the school "to find out if I was lucky".
"When I found my son, Jacob, here, I was so happy it was as if I could fly," Margaret said, her face suddenly lighting up.
Jacob needs a lot of help though.
He is severely malnourished, as are more than 30 of the 200 children that were brought here.
Help is available at the very basic clinic that has been set up at the school but some are disturbingly emaciated, with protruding ribs, and need emergency treatment.
Retired midwife Mary Galadima points to three children recovering on a mattress on the floor.
"That evening when they were brought here you would shed tears when you see them. These three here couldn't walk - we had to carry them, they were so weak.
"When we give them food they start vomiting and they have diarrhoea because they stayed so long there in the bush," says Mrs Galadima, who is now a village health worker in a government-funded programme to boost care in the most vulnerable parts of the country.
"Some also have eye problems because they became infected due to the harsh conditions they lived under, or the eyes were damaged when bombs exploded," she says.
"If we know that there is a psychological problem we counsel them, and reassure them.  That is all we are doing."
The United Nations Population Fund, ICRC and volunteers are also helping with some counselling.
"Any human being put under such level of stress becomes overwhelmed and the normal coping mechanism, the in-built resilience is stretched beyond breaking point," says one community leader from Borno state, who asked not to be named.
After helping many former abductees he says some display clear signs of Stockholm syndrome.
"They are brainwashed and indoctrinated so I have met some women who begin to think what the group is doing is right," he says.
Given the staggering level of suffering and heartbreak and the memories that haunt these women and children, the need for psychosocial support is overwhelming.
Boko Haram gunmen grabbed Safiya last December when she went to sell food in the market. She was several months pregnant and was taken with her husband.
Just hours into her ordeal she tasted the brutality of the jihadists.
"They killed my husband using a knife.  Right in front of me they slit his throat," she said.
From then on it was a battle for survival for both her and the unborn child, as she was moved from camp to camp - ending up in the harsh environment of the Sambisa forest.
"Every day they would come around and tell us we were infidels and we should convert and accept their religion," she recalls.
"Some days they beat us. Sometimes they would starve us of food and even water."
Safiya gave birth last week to a baby boy - just one day before the Nigerian military attacked to rescue them.
"We were very happy to see the soldiers because Boko Haram has said they would sell us and we never thought we would get out and live amongst people again."
Safiya then tells me she has three other children aged nine, six and three.
"They were at home in Lassa when I was abducted at the market."
She has not seen them since then and has no idea how they have fared as the insurgency has battered the towns and villages of the north-east.
The Red Cross says at least 60 of the children at the camp in Yola have been separated from their parents.
In recent months a local radio and TV station has helped reunite some relatives but so many families have been torn apart during this conflict there is a great need for more tracing of relatives to be done.
There are also many victims of sexual violence who need delicate counselling.  Some young women and teenage girls held by Boko Haram have been forced to marry more than five men.
"Any time they go for an operation and one of the fighters is killed they will force the young woman to marry another one," says the community leader from Borno state.
"Eventually she becomes a habitual sex slave."
The survivors have extraordinary levels of resilience and had to be resourceful in order to get through the ordeal.  Now they need huge amounts of long-term help as they try to heal.
All names of survivors have been changed.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
28 June 2012 Last updated at 09:08 BST
It took about ten jumbo rolls to make each of them.
They've been sewn and glued together and even had crystals and pearls put on, just like real wedding dresses.
The models said the unusual dresses were quite heavy, but comfortable to wear.


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Thousands of people heading to Cardiff have been warned about road closures and changes to train services ahead of the half marathon championships.

More than 17,000 competitors - including double Olympic champion Mo Farah - will take part in Saturday's 13.1m (21km) IAAF/Cardiff University World Half Marathon.
And 100,000 spectators are expected to pour into the city.
A travel guide has been created by Cardiff council for race day.
Network Rail said improvement works to the Cardiff and Valleys railway line - part of a Â£40bn redevelopment across the UK - will begin after 21:00 GMT on Saturday to allow spectators and competitors to travel home.
However, the works will  then run until into Tuesday, with Cardiff council warning those staying in the city overnight to be aware.
"Many local services into and out of Cardiff will be affected with bus replacements in operation, diversions will also be in place via different routes and trains will start and terminate from different stations," a spokesman said.
"Customers using local rail services during this period are advised to check journey plans before travelling."
The work includes upgrading track and signalling on the railway in and around Cardiff Central station, which will help to improve the reliability of the rail services in the area.
Rolling road closures at Cardiff civic centre began on Monday so the finishing area could be built. On the day, roads will be shut around Cardiff from the late morning until the evening.
Some Cardiff Bus services will also be diverted or changed for a time.
The women's elite race sets off outside Cardiff Castle at 13:35 with the men's elite and mass participation races starting at 14:10.
Farah, who won gold in the 10,000m and 5,000m at the World Championships in Beijing, will join the race as part of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland team.
He is vying to become the Britain's first male winner in the event's 24-year history.
BBC One Wales and BBC Radio Cymru will provide live coverage.

Part of Castle Street was closed on Wednesday afternoon ahead of the start of the four-day festival on Thursday.
Traffic sensors reported "heavier than normal" traffic on Clare Road during the rush hour which was "not helped by the closure on Castle Street for the UEFA Champions League Festival".
Cardiff Bus said experienced "severe delays across the network".
It had previously been announced that Castle Street would be closed to vehicles between Westgate Street and Cathedral Road from 14:30 BST on Wednesday until 06:00 on 5 June.
People will not be able to walk along the stretch of road until midnight on Wednesday while a temporary footbridge is installed.
Real Madrid face Juventus at the National Stadium of Wales on Saturday at 19:45 and there are several road closures in place before and after the match.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: When David Cameron heads to the House of Lords for the Queen's Speech later this month he might want to cast his eye along the red benches.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Sitting there will be scores of peers who - when the ermine robes are off and Parliament gets back to business - could start causing a bit of trouble for the government.
Managing Mr Cameron's small majority in the Commons - 12 MPs - is going to require some skill from the party whips. But it could turn out to be an easy day at the office compared with handling the complicated mechanics of the Lords where the Conservatives aren't even close to a majority.
The numbers - see below - don't add up for the prime minister in the "upper chamber".
Together, Labour and the Lib Dems have 315 peers - enough to beat the Conservatives by 91 votes. Then there are the crossbench - or independent - peers to think about.
They're hard to predict as they don't vote as a block.  In the worst-case scenario for the Conservatives, their 224 peers are up against a whopping 555 from other parties and groups. On the other hand the crossbenchers could, in theory, help the Conservatives win.
As Professor Meg Russell, Director of the Constitution Unit at University College London, notes: "The Conservatives are in a relatively weak position in the Lords, holding less than a third of seats. The government can readily be defeated by various combinations of other forces."
Policies that could stir up objections in the Lords include abolishing the Human Rights Act and legislation paving the way for an EU referendum.
It's very unusual for peers to vote against an entire Bill. Their style is to go through legislation amending bits they don't like. The government can either accept the changes or overturn them in the Commons.
Maybe David Cameron will start wishing he'd pushed on with plans, three years ago, to introduce elected peers. He abandoned the proposals in the face of opposition from Conservative MPs and peers. It was another reprieve for the House of Lords, which has survived numerous attempts at reform over the last 100 years.
And there won't be another existential crisis for the time being. The Conservative election manifesto states that they see a "strong case" for introducing an "elected element" but "it isn't a priority in the next Parliament".
With wounds to lick and new leaders to choose, Lib Dem and Labour strategists aren't thinking too deeply about their tactics in the  Lords. But as politicians drift back to Westminster the possibilities are starting to bleep on the political radar.
Labour peer Lord Foulkes has already been tweeting about what he calls the "difficult job" facing the Leader of the Lords, Baroness Stowell, whose task is to get government business through.
He predicts "interesting times", saying: "Labour and the Liberal Democrats have a huge majority over the Conservatives. The crossbenchers are unpredictable but on a number of occasions they have come with us. The Lib Dems in the Lords are old-fashioned Lib Dems. They'll be happier working with us than the Tories."
The Liberal Democrats are leading lights in the campaign to turn the House of Lords into an elected chamber. It's a cruel irony that with only eight MPs, the Lib Dems will be relying on an institution they dislike to give them a solid platform at Westminster.
How will they get along with their former coalition partners though? The Lib Dem peer, Baroness Hussein-Ece, said the Conservatives were now "off the leash" but wouldn't be getting "an easy ride".
"The dynamics are going to be completely different. We will take things on a policy-by-policy basis. I feel quite passionately about keeping the Human Rights Act and I'm pretty sure that my colleagues will be opposing abolition vociferousIy."
But David Cameron can take some comfort from the fact that the Lib Dems will not be falling into Labour's arms.
Baroness Hussein-Ece is certain there will be issues the two parties can agree on but is equally sure they will not form a happy union as a matter of course.
She said: "I'm afraid that the Labour Party is more interested in tribal politics. It could have conducted itself in a more progressive way during the election."
In the last Parliament, the coalition government was defeated 103 times in the Lords and a Labour source in the Lords predicts that the Conservatives will "want to make up for lost time".
He said: "What we anticipate is that they will start to look back at the concessions they made and the opposition amendments that got through."
And the feeling is that the government will find ways to use secondary legislation - which empowers ministers to adjust some laws.
By convention, the House of Lords is reluctant to challenge policies promised in election manifestos and doesn't vote against measures on taxation and spending. But Professor Russell thinks the rules around those conventions are "far from clear" and that Labour and the Lib Dems might be tempted to block what they see as Conservative "austerity" measures.
Meg Russell says: "The House of Lords is a complicated place. Historically at least, they have always been very sensitive to public opinion. They are not likely to go in all guns blazing."
How can David Cameron deal with trouble in the Lords - even if it is well-meaning and principled?
He can't get rid of any peers but he could, in theory, create a huge number of new Conservative peers to give him a stronger base.
"There are no rules," Meg Russell adds of the possibility. "The prime minister has complete patronage. But of course it wouldn't go down well with the  public and there would be an outcry in Parliament."
And introducing too many new peers would also be embarrassing because the Conservatives have promised to tackle the size of the chamber. With 779 active members, it's one of the largest in the world.
The Conservative Lord Cormack thinks that the prime minister shouldn't worry too much because he can rely on the Lords to behave "with a considerable degree of sense".
"There will be stormy patches and it's always over the things that you don't predict," he says. "But the important thing to do is play to the strengths of the Lords. There's an enormous accumulation of wisdom and experience. It generally improves bills."
He is relaxed about the next few years. "I don't anticipate any unpleasantness. For the government to be defeated in the House of Lords isn't the end of the world." And that's because, he said, the Lords believes in the supremacy of the Commons.
It may be a while before the new dynamics in the Lords play out. The first bills will be unveiled in the Queen's Speech on 27th May and any controversial ones may not reach the House of Lords until after the summer break.
But there's one other constitutional niggle to mention. In theory, all parties should be represented in the House of Lords - even the small ones. The Greens have one peer and UKIP has three.
But there are no members of the SNP in the House of Lords. And with 56 MPs, it means the Lords isn't speaking for millions of people in Scotland. The SNP is adamant, though, that it doesn't want anything to do with the place.
With the Lords potentially a powerful force, are the Scottish Nationalists missing a trick?
Not according to the SNP MP Pete Wishart who declared: "It's an affront to democracy. We will have nothing to do with this democratic outrage. The House of Lords doesn't need reform. We need to abolish it and start again."

After asking for access to Parliament for six years, he was eventually granted permission to film in places where cameras have never been allowed before.
I have seen the first of the four programmes, and these are my 10 favourite facts from it, featuring swords, purple ribbons, abseiling rope and what is known as the "plastic fantastic"...
The Palace of Westminster - Parliament - was built on the site of William the Conqueror's first palace.
Rebuilt in Victorian times as a Gothic fantasy palace, it is an eight-acre jumble of buildings, courtyards, passageways and corridors.
There are 100 staircases, more than 1,000 rooms and three miles of passages.
There are purple ribbons attached to the coat-hangers in the members' cloakroom, allowing MPs to hang up their swords as well as their coats. At least one MP still takes advantage of this.
An impressive 300 panes of glass cover the clock-face known to many as Big Ben.
In fact, Big Ben is actually the name of the bell inside the clock-tower.
Once every five years the clock-face is cleaned from the outside, by a team who abseil down it to do their maintenance work. Not a job for anyone scared of heights!
There are 650 MPs elected to the House of Commons. 502 of them are men; 148 are women.
Despite there being 650 MPs, the chamber has only 427 seats - meaning there is often standing room only on big days, such as the Budget.
However, there is a rather arcane way of booking a seat to guarantee a spot on the green benches.
MPs have to roll up at 8am, and place a "prayer card" in the place they would like to sit. They then have to be in the chamber at the start of that day's sitting, for prayers.
For over four centuries, every day in the Commons has begun with prayers, which last for three minutes and require MPs to face the wall for the duration.
There are competing theories as to why this is the custom.
Applause is very, very rare in the House of Commons. Tony Blair received a standing ovation on the day he stood down as prime minister and left chamber for the final time.
There was also an outbreak of applause for Sir Robert Rogers, who retired last year as clerk of the Commons. Sir Robert described the clapping as "really, really moving". But Conservative MP Jacob Rees Mogg said: "I think applause is a bit modern for the House of Commons."
Parliament produces 80 million printed pages a year, ranging from the official parliamentary record - called Hansard - to committee reports and draft legislation.
The thick file of information, carefully labelled to help David Cameron quickly find what he needs at Prime Minister's Questions, is known in Downing Street as the "plastic fantastic".
When a proposed new law, a bill, is sent from the House of Commons to the House of Lords, the clerk of the Commons writes "Soit bail as Seigneurs" on it - which means "let it be sent to the House of Lords" - in Norman French...
...the bill is then tied up in green ribbon, the colour of the House of Commons, and carried by hand through Central Lobby into the House of Lords.
The first episode of Inside the Commons, an Atlantic Productions for BBC Two, is broadcast on Tuesday on BBC Two at 21:00 GMT.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Chinese hackers are launching sophisticated ransomware attacks - in which they hijack machines and demand payment to decrypt them, according to reports.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Four separate security firms have spotted attacks they believe emanated from China in recent months, reveals Reuters.
There is speculation that the "skilled operators" could be state-sponsored hackers.
The Chinese government said it would investigate if there was reliable proof.
Dell SecureWorks investigated two ransomware attacks this year - one at a transportation company and one at a technology firm
In the second case, 30% of the unnamed firm's machines were captured by the hackers.
Phil Burdette, who heads an incident response team at Dell said: "It is obviously a group of skilled operators that have some amount of experience conducting intrusions."
Security firms Attack Research, InGuardians and G-C Partners said they had investigated three other similar attacks since December.
A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman told Reuters that it would not act on "rumours and speculation" but the ministry itself said that if there was reliable proof, it would treat the matter seriously.
The Chinese government pledged to oppose economic espionage in an agreement with the US last year, with some US firms since reporting a drop in the amount of hacking sourced from China.
It also wants deeper internet security co-operation with the US as hacking continues to be a sore spot in US-China relations.
If the government has reduced its support for economic espionage, that may mean hackers are looking for other means of supplementing their incomes, reports Reuters.
Recently security firms warned about a huge surge in junk mail messages containing ransomware, which was blamed on new malware hitting the market which can avoid being spotted by anti-virus software.
Ransomware has been around for years but better encryption techniques mean it is often impossible for victims to regain access to their files without co-operation from the hackers.
Many ransomware payments are made in the virtual currency Bitcoin, and few firms are open about such attacks.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence
------
Given ['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.', 'Amelia Jones was critically injured leaving her paralysed following an attack possibly motivated by Mark Jones\'s strong dislike for her father, Newport Crown Court was told.\nMr Jones, 45, of Cwmbran, denies killing Amelia in Pontnewydd.\nHe was looking after her when she was injured  in November 2012.\nThe jury was told the little girl was rushed to Newport\'s Royal Gwent Hospital in a state of cardiac arrest on Sunday 17 November, 2012.\nMr Jones had called 999 because, he said, Amelia had stopped breathing when he went to make a cup of tea.\nAt his trial on Friday, in a statement read to the court, a consultant paediatrician who treated Amelia said she had been suffering seizures, her eyes were flickering and she was "unresponsive".\nThe court heard Amelia had been in cardiac arrest for 35 minutes, and was put on life support when she arrived at hospital.\nShe was later transferred to the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, but two days later Amelia\'s mother, Sarah Jones, and father, Ian Skillern, were told their daughter had "significant brain damage, and would not recover".\nDoctors withdrew life-support and Amelia died that evening.\nShe had a fractured skull, brain swelling and multiple rib fractures. She had been injured at least three different times, the court heard.\nPreviously, the jury heard the defendant had been mostly absent from his daughter, Ms Jones\', life until she was 16 and he strongly disliked Mr Skillern.'], a positive would be ['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story.', 'A five-week-old baby girl allegedly murdered by her grandfather had suffered "significant brain damage", a jury has been told.']

Usually viruses known as ransomware decrypt files when victims have paid a substantial fee.
But one variant of Power Worm destroys keys that could help recover any data that it scrambled.
The news comes as hackers produce ransomware that is aimed at websites and encrypts data sitting on servers.
Power Worm infects Microsoft Word and Excel files but the latest poorly written update of it goes after many more types of data files it finds on a victim's machine.
Malware researcher Nathan Scott discovered the variant and uncovered the mistakes its creator made when updating it.
Mr Scott believes the errors arose when the creator tried to simplify the decryption process. They tried to make it use just one decryption key but mangled the process of generating it. As a result, there is no key created for the files it encrypts when it compromises a computer.
"There is unfortunately nothing that can be done for victims of this infection," wrote malware researcher Lawrence Abrams on the Bleeping Computer tech news website. "If you have been affected by this ransomware, your only option is to restore from a back-up."
Mr Abrams said anyone hit by Power Worm should not pay the 2 bitcoin (about Â£500) ransom it asks for because they will not get any data back.
Ransomware is proving increasingly popular with hi-tech thieves and one group has now extended its list of potential targets to web servers that run Linux.
Russian anti-virus firm Dr Web has discovered a novel ransomware variant called Linux.encoder that tries to infect sites via add-ons such as shopping systems that many of them use.
Once it lands on a server, the software encrypts any files, images, pages, scripts and stored source code it finds on the machine's main and back-up directories. Linux.encoder leaves behind a text file detailing how victims can pay the 1 bitcoin ransom required to recover their data.
"In the volume cybercrime space, ransomware is one of the most prolific problems we face," said Greg Day, chief security officer for Europe at Palo Alto Networks.
"Credit card theft is getting to the point where the value of each card is very low.  As a result ransomware has stepped into that gap and gives a higher value for each victim."
Research by Palo Alto Networks and industry partners suggests the well-known Crypto Wall family of ransomware has generated about $325m (Â£215m) for the gang behind it.
"The return is so much better," Mr Day said. "That's why it's escalated to such a level."
He said regularly backing up data would help people and companies avoid having to pay criminals if they got caught out by ransomware.


Question: represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Head teachers representing some 3,000 schools in England have written to their local MPs and ministers calling for a rethink on school finance plans.

They say a new national funding formula, which should give underfunded schools more cash, ignores inflationary cost pressures faced by all schools.
The heads come from 14 local council areas and represent 1.5 million pupils.
The letter comes as the government's consultation period for the new school funding formula closes on Wednesday.
The letter has been signed by primary, secondary and special school heads from a number of counties in England including West Sussex, Essex, Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Devon and Cornwall.
The letter says the new funding formula does not offer "meaningful solutions" to current and future school finances and "attempts to ignore inflationary cost pressures that all schools are enduring".
"School leaders simply want a reasonable settlement that sees every child in every school adequately funded," it says.
The Department for Education said school spending was at record levels, but that the system for distributing that money was "unfair, opaque and outdated".
A DfE spokeswoman said: "We are going to end the historic postcode lottery in school funding and, under the proposed national schools funding formula, more than half of England's schools will receive a cash boost.
"We are consulting schools, governors, local authorities and parents to make sure we get this formula right, so that every pound of the investment we make in education has the greatest impact.
"We recognise that schools are facing cost pressures, which is why we will continue to provide support to help them use their funding in cost-effective ways, including improving the way they buy goods and services."
Jules White, head teacher of Tanbridge House School in Horsham, West Sussex, has mobilised the campaign.
He told the BBC he had expected to be better off  under the new funding arrangements, but has had a nasty shock.
"I was told I'd get £180,000 more with the new formula - which was very welcome.
"But then when I saw what I have to pay out from September - National Insurance costs, teachers' pay and running costs of the school, I found I'd be spending £220,000.
"So even with a new deal for the school - we'll be £40,000 worse off."
Mr White said school leaders cared deeply about their students and their families and were reluctant to speak out, but the fact that they were doing so showed the gravity of the situation.
"Why would we be doing this if it wasn't true? Why would I be telling you... that things are this bad unless I had to? And they are so bad, we're not sure we can cope going forward."
The head teachers' letter is also critical of the government's push to open more grammar and free schools in England.
It says: "To make matters worse - far worse - the Department for Education continues to divert significant monies to capital and revenue funding such as free school provision and grammar school expansion.
"At the same time, our schools simply do not have adequate funds to provide the education that every child in our care needs and deserves.
"To see such ill-judged spending being prioritised in a time of austerity is unacceptable.
"The disconnect between a department making decisions that seem to entirely ignore the wishes and needs of dedicated and committed school leaders provides significant and tangible cause for concern."
The consultation period on the funding formula ends on Wednesday, 22 March.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Ms Greening, who went to school in a Rotherham comprehensive, was previously secretary of state for international development.
She announced last month she was in a same-sex relationship, making her the first openly gay female Cabinet minister.
Her new department is to expand to take responsibility for universities.
Ms Greening, who replaces Nicky Morgan, said she was "looking forward to getting on with the job" when she arrived at the Department for Education.
She attended Oakwood comprehensive school - and along with David Blunkett who went to schools for the blind - becomes one of the few education secretaries to have attended a non-selective state school.
According to the Sutton Trust education charity, she joins a Cabinet with the lowest proportion of privately-educated ministers since Clement Attlee's Labour government of 1945.
Ms Greening studied economics at Southampton University and before entering the House of Commons in 2005 had worked as an accountant.
As well as being responsible for schools, colleges and universities, she becomes the minister for women and equalities.
She will inherit a higher education bill, which could raise tuition fees in England, with a second reading due next week.
The Association of School and College Leaders said that the new education secretary would face the "stark reality" of schools facing "real-terms funding cuts and a teacher recruitment crisis".
"We urgently need greater investment in the education system," said Malcolm Trobe, leader of the head teachers' union.
He also called for no delay in implementing a national funding formula for schools, announced by the previous education secretary.
Kevin Courtney, leader of the National Union of Teachers, said Ms Greening would have to tackle problems with teacher recruitment, excessive working hours and lack of school funding.
"Testing and assessment is in complete disarray," said Mr Courtney.
Russell Hobby, leader of the National Association of Head Teachers, called for the end of the "chaos and confusion" of this year's controversial primary school Sats tests.
He told the new education secretary that the "government has not won the argument on academies" and that good and outstanding schools should be allowed to remain part of their local authority if they chose.
Liberal Democrat education spokesman, John Pugh, called on Ms Greening to "put a stop to damaging proposals to scrap Qualified Teacher Status and parent governors, as well as plans to vastly increase numbers of academies".


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story For instance you may be given '['Represent this text', 'More Anglicans in England support gay and lesbian couples marrying than oppose it, a poll has suggested for the first time.']' and it should match with '['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', 'Of more than 1,500 Anglicans polled, 45% said same-sex marriage was right while 37% thought it was wrong.\nThe Yougov poll also indicates a large increase in support of same-sex marriage over the past three years.\nThe Church of England\'s official stance is that marriage can be only between a man and a woman.\nThree years ago, a similar YouGov poll found 38% of Anglicans in support and 47% believing same-sex marriage to be wrong.\nIn the latest poll, support was highest among younger Anglicans, with at least half of those aged under 55 believing it was right and 72% of those aged 25-34 also in favour.\nThe lowest support rate was found in Anglican men aged over 55, with 24% backing same-sex marriage.\nSupport for same-sex marriage was higher among the general population, with 56% of the more than 6,000 British people surveyed backing it, compared with 27% of people who opposed it.\nJayne Ozanne, a gay evangelical Anglican and a member of General Synod - the Church of England\'s ruling body - commissioned the survey.\nShe said the figures showed the Church was "seriously out of step" with its members "and even more so with society at large".\n"It is deeply worrying that the one group that appears less open to change than any other is Anglican men over the age of 55, who are the least likely to approve of same-sex marriage," she added.\n"Unfortunately, this is exactly the profile of those in the senior positions of power and influence power within the Church."\nA spokesman for the Church of England said it was holding "shared conversations" on the issue and would continue to do so at General Synod this summer.\nEarlier this month, the Archbishop of Canterbury apologised for "hurt and pain" caused by the worldwide Anglican Church to the LGBT community.\nThe Most Reverend Justin Welby made the comments as he defended the decision to restrict a liberal US branch of the Church for allowing same-sex marriage.']' but not with '['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', 'Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican\'s secretary of state, said he was "very saddened" by the result.\nIn the referendum, 62% were in favour of changing the Irish constitution to allow gay and lesbian couples to marry.\nHowever, Cardinal Parolin said it showed the church needed to improve how it preached the Christian message.\nThe senior diplomat made the comments during a conference in Italy on Tuesday night, according to the Italian news agency, Ansa.\n"The Church must take account of this reality, but in the sense of reinforcing its commitment to evangelization," he said.\n"I think that you cannot just talk of a defeat for Christian principles, but of a defeat for humanity.\n"The family remains at the centre and we have to do everything to defend it and promote it.\n"Hitting it would be like taking the foundations away from the building of the future".\nSoon after taking office, Pope Francis commented: "If a person is gay and seeks God and has good will, who am I to judge him?"\nOn Sunday, one of Ireland\'s most senior Catholic clerics called for the Church to take a "reality check" following the vote.\nDiarmuid Martin, Archbishop of Dublin, said the Church in Ireland needed to "reconnect" with young people.\nIn Italy, the government of Prime Minister Matteo Renzi is preparing to present legislation that would allow civil unions between gay couples.\nThe Irish referendum has also boosted calls in Germany, which allow same-sex civil unions, to go further and legalise same-sex marriage.\nPressure has started to grow in Chancellor Angela Merkel\'s Christian Democratic Union (CDU), which opposes any change.\n"One would think that what the Catholic Irish can do, we can do too," CDU parliamentarian Jens Spahn told the German Die Welt newspaper.\nThe yes result has also led to calls for the introduction of same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland.\nThe first gay marriages are likely to take place in the Republic of Ireland in early autumn.\nSame-sex marriage is now legal in 20 countries worldwide.']'.

Question: A takeaway restaurant has been fined £10,000 for selling "lamb" doner kebabs that contained beef and chicken.

Seavan Fried Chicken and Pizza House, in Fratton Road, Portsmouth, was also prosecuted after rat droppings were found in the cellar store and frozen meat was poorly stored.
Company director Binai Ali pleaded guilty at Portsmouth Magistrates' Court to a total of 10 offences.
The city council said the business was "an imminent risk to public health".
Out-of-date equipment and rubbish were also stored in the cellar - which hampered cleaning - and the cellar steps were found to be greasy and broken.
The company was fined a total of £10,000 and a £100 victim surcharge, while 34-year-old Ali was fined £1,500 and ordered to pay costs of £1,176, and a victim surcharge of £20.
A spokeswoman for Portsmouth City Council, which brought the prosecution, said: "The condition of the business presented an imminent risk to public health and voluntary closure was necessary until the hygiene standards were improved.
"The court commented that these were serious offences and that there was a danger to public health."

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

Andronicos Sideras, 55, is accused of mixing horsemeat with beef before selling it on through his company Dinos & Sons.
Two men who ran FlexiFoods - a meat suppliers linked to Dinos & Sons - have admitted passing horsemeat off as beef.
Mr Sideras denies one count of conspiracy to defraud.
The discovery of horsemeat in processed beef products sold by a number of UK supermarket chains in 2013 resulted in a series of product recalls.
The plot to pass horsemeat off as beef only came to light after horse identification chips were found in the meat by inspectors.
Ulrik Nielsen, 58, the owner of FlexiFoods, and his "right-hand man", Alex Beech, 44, have already admitted their involvement in the conspiracy.
Mr Sideras, of Southgate, north London, told the court in that in 2012 he agreed to store horsemeat for FlexiFoods.
He admits he relabelled the shipment because the packaging had been damaged during transit, but denies purchasing, selling or using the horsemeat.
The trial continues.


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: An al-Qaeda-linked group led by Algerian militant Mokhtar Belmokhtar says it has merged with another group to take revenge against France for its military campaign in Mali.

Belmokhtar's Masked Men Brigade and the Mali-based Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa (Mujao) have formed Al-Murabitoun, a statement said.
In July, the US offered a $5m (Â£3.2m) reward for Belmokhtar's capture.
He is accused of masterminding a deadly siege at an Algerian plant in January.
The US has charged him with hostage-taking, kidnapping and conspiring to use a weapon of mass destruction.
Three US citizens were among at least 37 hostages killed when Algerian troops stormed the Tigantourine plant to end the siege.
In May, Mujao and Belmokhtar's group jointly carried out twin suicide attacks in Niger on a military camp and a French-run uranium mine, killing 25 people.
"Your brothers in Mujao and Al-Mulathameen [Masked Men Brigade] announce their union and fusion  in one movement called Al-Murabitoun to unify the ranks of Muslims around the same goal, from the Nile to the Atlantic," the groups said in a statement published by Mauritanian news agency ANI, which is often used by the militants to communicate.
Profile: Al-Qaeda in North Africa
Command of Al-Murabitoun, an Arabic phrase meaning "the sentinels", has been ceded to "another personality", the statement added.
He is believed to be a non-Algerian jihadi who fought in Afghanistan, ANI reported.
The jihadist movement in the region was now "stronger than ever" and it would "rout" France and its allies, the statement said.
France led an offensive in January to recapture northern Mali from the militants, who had ruled the north for about eight months after taking advantage of the chaos caused by a coup.
They have since retreated to their desert hide-outs and towns and cities are now under the control of Malian and UN troops.
A 12,600-strong UN force is being deployed to Mali, as France begins to pull out its 3,000 troops.
Belmokhtar was a former leading figure in al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) but he later formed the Masked Men Brigade, which is also known as the Signed-in-Blood Battalion and the Khaled Abu al-Abbas Brigade.
Mujao was formed in 2011 to spread jihad across West Africa and it believed to be a well-disciplined group.
It is thought to be led by a Mauritanian ethnic Tuareg Ahmed Ould Amer,  who goes by the nom de guerre "Ahmed Telmissi", the AFP news agency reports.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

A Signed-in-Blood Battalion spokesman told Mauritanian news agency Alakhbar that he had "supervised" the attacks, carried out with another group, Mujao.
The bombers targeted a military base in Agadez and the French-run uranium mine in Arlit, killing 21 people.
On Friday, French special forces and Nigerien troops shot dead two militants holed up inside the base at Agadez.
Niger's Defence Minister, Kardijo Mahamadou, said they had barricaded themselves inside a dormitory along with two soldiers, who were freed during the operation.
"Our military forces and French special forces assaulted [the building] and the hostages - a total of two people - were freed," he told the Associated Press. "There were two kidnappers who were hiding in the military dorm, and both were killed. The operation is now finished."
Mr Mahamadou separately told RFI radio that eight Islamist militants had been killed in the Agadez operation and two others in Arlit, adding: "All of them were wearing belts packed with explosives."
France's Defence Minister, Jean-Yves Le Drian, told BFM television that its troops had intervened at the request of Nigerien President Mahamadou Issoufou and that the situation had "stabilised".
A French defence ministry official also told AP that the two soldiers held hostage by the militants had been freed in the assault. Earlier, local and military sources told the BBC that they had been killed.
Thursday's bombing at the barracks in Agadez killed 19 people, including 18 soldiers. Four attackers also died while a fifth was overpowered by security forces.
The attack on the Somair mine, in the town of Arlit, killed one person and injured 14 others, its operator Areva said.
Alakhbar quoted El-Hassen Ould Khalil, a spokesman for al-Muwaqqioun bi-Dima (Signed-in-Blood Battalion), as saying: "It was Belmokhtar who himself supervised the operational plans of attacks."
The attacks "targeted elite French forces" who were providing security at the uranium mine that is majority-owned by Areva, he added.
An online statement, reportedly signed by Mokhtar Belmokhtar, read: "This is the first of our responses to the statement of the president of Niger - from his masters in Paris - that he eliminated jihad and the mujahideen militarily."
Earlier, the Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa (Mujao) also said it had carried out the two attacks. However, Mr Khalil's statement to Alakhbar said the Signed-in-Blood Battalion had jointly led the attacks with Mujao.
Mujao spokesman Abu Walid Sahraoui said on Thursday that its militants had targeted "the enemies of Islam in Niger", according to the AFP news agency.
"We attacked France, and Niger because of its co-operation with France, in the war against Sharia [Islamic law]," he added, thought to be a reference to French and Nigerien involvement in driving out Mujao and two other Islamist groups from northern Mali earlier this year.
In the statement threatening further attacks, Mokhtar Belmokhtar's group warned against Western intervention in the region.
"Columns of commandos and those seeking martyrdom are ready and waiting for their targets," it said.
"We will have more operations, by the strength and power of Allah, and not only that, but we will move the battle to the inside of his country if he (the president of Niger) doesn't withdraw his mercenary army," another statement to Mauritania's ANI news agency said.
On Thursday, French President Francois Hollande vowed to protect French interests and co-operate with Niger in its "fight against terrorism".
Mokhtar Belmokhtar was believed to be behind the deadly attack on an internationally run Algerian gas plant in January in which 37 hostages and 29 insurgents were killed.
He broke away from al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) last year and formed a new jihadist group, known variously as the Signed-in-Blood Battalion, the Masked Men Brigade and the Khaled Abu al-Abbas Brigade.
Armed forces in Chad said he died in a raid in northern Mali on 2 March, although there was no confirmation and his death has been declared many times before.
Mujao (the Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa) is a splinter group of AQIM which operates mostly in northern Mali.
It says its objective is to spread jihad to West Africa rather than confine itself to the Sahel and Maghreb regions - the main focus of AQIM.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Businesses in Wales are "crying out" for a Brexit plan, a Labour MP has warned the UK government in a debate.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Ogmore MP Chris Elmore said that he knows of a leading UK manufacturer with "serious" concerns.
He said the company, which wanted to remain anonymous, was already being hit by a downturn in construction and currency fluctuations.
UK ministers suggested MPs spend more time discussing Wales' "positive" jobs news, rather than "scaremongering".
Speaking in a Westminster Hall debate, Mr Elmore said that the firm had told him the scale of the potential change Brexit could bring about was "vast" .
He said that the company  needed clarity about the form of Brexit, but that it specifically need to know if the government was going to keep the UK in the single market and the customs union.
"The bottom line is that business in Wales is crying out for a Brexit plan for Wales," he said.
The government's "vague platitudes" on what it wanted from the negotiations "serve only to distract from the fact that, as it stands, we're being led into the night without a torch", Mr Elmore added.
Dwyfor Meirionydd Plaid Cymru MP Liz Saville Roberts said that there was uncertainty for rural firms about what would replace the Rural Development Programme and the Common Agricultural Policy after Brexit.
She gave the example of South Caernarfonshire Creameries, which she said generated at least Â£30m a year for the local economy, had expanded with EU monies, and was planning on expanding further.
"Since the vote to leave the European Union however, the government has failed to shed any light on how they intend to  compensate for the millions of pounds lost," she said.
Wales Office Minister Guto Bebb said that Wales had performed extremely well from a jobs point of view and "every single measurement on employment has been positive".
He said the best performing part of the UK has been small businesses in Cardiff - with a 12 percent growth in turnover - "outpacing even London", something MPs should be talking more about that rather than "scaremongering", he said.
On Wales' involvement with the Brexit negotiations, there was an "ongoing engagement" from the Wales Office and across government, he added.

12 March 2017 Last updated at 12:04 GMT
The Brexit secretary was asked six times by the BBC's Andrew Marr about Philip Hammond's announcement - but said he was unable to reveal details of Cabinet discussions.
The Institute for Fiscal Studies think tank has backed the proposal, arguing the current system had needed reform. But there has been criticism from Labour and the Liberal Democrats and more than a dozen Conservative MPs.