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Question: Denise Robertson, resident agony aunt for ITV's This Morning, has died aged 83.

She revealed in February that she had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
The programme posted the news on its Twitter account, writing: "Such sad news - our friend and colleague Denise Robertson has lost her short but determined battle against cancer."
Robertson, from Sunderland, had been with the programme since it began in 1988.
Robertson's family said in a statement read out on Friday's show that it was "with the deepest possible sorrow" they announced the passing of "a very great lady".
"The world has lost an extraordinary woman," they said.
This Morning presenter Ruth Langsford led the tributes on the programme, announcing the "terribly sad news" about "our beloved Denise".
Colleague Holly Willoughby said: "Whatever she did on screen, it was the tip of the iceberg really, because she continued to help people behind the scenes.
"She was a real fighter for everybody."
Presenter Phillip Schofield said the news was "absolutely heartbreaking".
Former colleague Richard Madeley, who presented the show with wife Judy Finnigan from 1988 to 2001, told the BBC that Robertson "was probably the best agony aunt in the business".
"What very few people will know, the viewers certainly won't know this, is that when a show was over Denise would stay in the phone-in room sometimes for hours, well into the afternoon, talking to people, who hadn't been able to get on the air or continuing to counsel people who had," he said.
"She'd give up so much of her time and she made a difference. She was a truly, truly, wonderful, warm-hearted and wise woman."
Paul O'Grady who appeared on This Morning with Denise as his alter ego Lily Savage in the early days of the show has paid tribute, saying he was "absolutely mad on Denise."
He rang in to This Morning and told Eamonn Holmes and Ruth Langsford "she was a truth northern lass - she spoke her mind."
"She was feisty, she was warm, she very genuine.  I'm going to miss her wisdom and her feistiness.
"She brightened people's lives and she certainly enhanced mine."
He also pointed out she was a "great writer".
Robertson wrote 17 novels and published a number of advice books.
Robertson's This Morning colleagues continue to pay tribute on Twitter.
Soap expert Sharon Marshall tweeted: "I loved you my darling Denise. Thank you for days shrieking with laughter, the gin, the gossip and the friendship."
Rylan Clark-Neal tweeted: "Devastated. The nicest and kindest woman in tele. Will miss her so much. She'll always be the only woman for me."
Finance expert Martin Lewis wrote: "No! A wonderful lady. Even behind scenes like a rottweiler helping those who got in touch - making many lives better."
Stylist Gok Wan tweeted: "The saddest news of the beautiful Denise passing. RIP darling and I'm sorry we never got to make that beautiful coat you wanted X"
In a statement read out by This Morning presenter Ruth Langsford in mid-February, Robertson said her diagnosis had come as a surprise but she did not plan to "give up without a fight".
She also thanked the viewers of the show who had been concerned about her health.
Her popularity on the show led to her being offered her own TV show, Dear Denise, in 2000, and she was appointed an MBE in 2006 for services to broadcasting and to charity.
The agony aunt was also a regular fixture on Channel 5's Big Brother's Bit On The Side.
She also had her own advice website and wrote a column for Candis magazine.
Robertson lost her first husband Alex Robertson to lung cancer in 1972, but kept his surname when she remarried.
In 2006 her stepson, John, also died of cancer, at the age of 44.

Stephen Rhodes, who was also the voice of Family Fortunes for 14 years, died aged 66 on Monday.
The former BBC broadcaster, who worked at Three Counties Radio on the consumer and breakfast programmes, has been described as "a genius".
He was diagnosed with the disease in 2014.
As well as presenting This Morning as relief presenter for Richard Madeley from 1994 to 1997, Mr Rhodes was also the host of Central Weekend.
He worked on Family Fortunes from 1987 until 1999.
Mr Rhodes joined BBC Three Counties Radio in 1995 before leaving in 2010 to stand as an independent candidate in the Luton South seat in the General Election.
He also presented The Politics Show on BBC East for four years.
BBC Three Counties editor Laura Moss said: "MND is a cruel disease.
"He faced it head on and campaigned tirelessly on behalf of the charity, fighting for better services and treatment."
Friend and Three Counties colleague Jonathan Vernon-Smith, who now presents the consumer show, called Mr Rhodes "a radio genius".
He said: "They always say you should choose your role models carefully and I'm very thankful that Stephen Rhodes was mine."
He added Mr Rhodes "had the ability to make the audience laugh and cry" and was "a kind, caring and hugely entertaining man".
Another former colleague, Jane Prendergast, called Mr Rhodes "a joy" and "a great broadcaster".
In his last interview with Three Counties in August 2015, Mr Rhodes said he was trying to raise awareness of MND.
"Anybody can get this," he said. "There's no explanation as to how it comes around."
Mr Rhodes leaves behind wife Greggy and four children.


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Question: Middlesex captain James Franklin has signed a new contract, which will keep the former New Zealand all-rounder at Lord's until the end of 2018.

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The 36-year-old made 14 appearances in the County Championship last season as Middlesex won the Division One title for the first time since 1993.
"James remains a high-quality cricketer," said managing director of cricket Angus Fraser.
"As a senior player he sets a wonderful example and he remains motivated."
He added: "James worked as hard as anybody in helping the club win its first Championship title for 23 years."
Franklin joined Middlesex in 2015 and has featured 70 times for them in all formats of the game.
The left-hander played 31 Tests for New Zealand, 110 one-day internationals and 38 Twenty20 games between 2001 and 2013.

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The 45-year-old Australian has also previously coached the Adelaide Strikers in the T20 Big Bash.
And he was part of the coaching team as Rajasthan Royals won the inaugural Indian Premier League in 2008.
Essex have been looking for a head coach since Paul Grayson left by mutual consent on 2 September and want to complete shortlist by mid-October.
The county, who currently have Chris Silverwood in charge until the end of the season, then hope to make an appointment in late December or early January.
Essex, currently third in Division Two and without silverware since 2008, saw the first day of their final County Championship match of the season against Lancashire rained off on Tuesday.
Meanwhile, young fast bowler Aaron Beard has signed his first professional contract with the club that will keep the 17-year-old at Chelmsford until at least the end of the 2017 season.


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Question: New British cycling star Evie Richards believes Belgian rival Femke Van den Driessche should be banned for at least two years for mechanical doping.

Van den Driessche became the first rider to be caught with a hidden motor at the Cyclo-cross World Championships U23 race in Belgium last month.
She faces a minimum six-month ban but Richards, who won the race, wants more.
"Six months is pretty short as it's only a season off the bike - I think a couple of years," said Richards.
"But because she is such a young age I think there should be more penalties for the coaches and support team around her.
"Belgium is so into cyclo-cross that it's quite upsetting there wasn't the right support around her. So I think the penalties should not just be on her."
The International Cycling Union (UCI) found the motor in the seat post of 19-year-old Van den Driessche's bike at the end of the race in Zolder.
She has denied knowing it was there, claiming she sold the bike to a friend last year and he had joined her in a practice session on the course a day before.
A team mechanic had then picked the bike up, thinking it was hers, cleaned it and put it in the team truck ready for the race.
The UCI, however, has sent the "technological fraud" case to an independent disciplinary panel which is expected to meet in the coming weeks.
As well as the minimum ban of six months, Van den Driessche, the Belgian U23 cyclo-cross champion and pre-race favourite in Zolder, could be fined at least £14,000.
The scandal has overshadowed what was a superb performance by Richards in her first cyclo-cross race abroad.
The Malvern-based 18-year-old won a silver medal in the junior race at the Mountain Bike World Championships last September and had only started riding cyclo-cross (a fast, muddy, cross-country-style event on road bikes) in England this winter to prepare for the 2016 season.
"I was doing it for training, really, as it's better than the (indoor) turbo," said Richards, speaking to BBC Radio 5 Live's Bespoke programme on Thursday.
But she became the British U23 champion in mid January, before claiming a convincing win in the inaugural U23 women's race at the world championships.
Richards did not actually hear the full details of the mechanical doping controversy until the morning after the race and admitted that her initial reaction was shock because she did not think mechanical doping was possible.
"But I also felt sorry for her because she's only 19 and must have been under a lot pressure to perform to resort to that," she said.
"I thought it was quite sad because at 18 my objective is to have as much fun as possible, but the UCI has done a really good job because cheating is just unacceptable."
You can hear more from Richards in Bespoke's winter training special podcast - also featuring interviews with Chris Froome, Giant-Alpecin's Chad Haga and One Pro Cycling owner (and ex-England cricketer) Matt Prior.

Levi Leipheimer, George Hincapie, Tom Danielson, Christian Vande Velde and David Zabriskie all received reduced sentences because they gave evidence against Armstrong to Usada.
Leipheimer has been provisionally suspended by his Omega Pharma-Quick-Step Cycling team.
Armstrong has been banned for life.
The 41-year-old, who has always denied doping but chose not to fight the charges filed against him, has been labelled a "serial" cheat by Usada and is accused of leading "the most sophisticated, professionalised and successful doping programme that sport has ever seen".
Armstrong has also been stripped of his seven Tour de France titles by Usada, whose report is now being looked at by the International Cycling Union, the sport's world governing body.
Because of their testimonies to Usada, Leipheimer, Hincapie, Danielson, Vande Velde and Zabriskie avoided a two-year ban but will remain out of action until the end of February 2013. The riders all withdrew from the London Olympics in August as part of their deal with Usada.
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Hincapie, 39, retired from the sport in August, but Danielson, Vande Velde and David Zabriskie are still active with Garmin-Sharp - the team of Briton David Millar.
Armstrong's former Discovery Channel team-mate Roger Hammond believes the penalties are too lenient.
"I can't understand why these riders are only being given a six-month winter ban," said retired Brit Hammond, who rode with Armstrong in 2005.
"Usada talk about creating a legacy and the whole point of this investigation was to create a legacy for the sport. What sort of legacy is being created now?
"To me it says if you cheat and lie about it for several years, and then drop somebody else in it, you'll be alright. They need to be given the same ban as Lance. They cheated, they took that risk."
BBC Radio 5 live Sport will look at the Lance Armstrong saga in a special programme on Monday at 19:00 BST. "Peddlers: Cycling's Dirty Truth" includes interviews with Armstrong's former team-mate Tyler Hamilton, former Wada head Dick Pound, and British cyclist David Millar who was banned for two years after admitting taking performance enhancing drugs.


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Question: BBC journalist Sue Lloyd-Roberts has said she is "very confident" of finding a stem-cell donor following a BBC-led appeal.

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Lloyd-Roberts has acute myeloid leukaemia and is dependant on a stem-cell transplant to survive.
The BBC is holding an open day on Monday for anyone aged 16-30 to volunteer as a possible donor.
Lloyd-Roberts has worked for ITN and the BBC, making her name in foreign affairs.
She has reported on events in Syria, Burma and North Korea among many others, and has campaigned for human rights.
Lloyd-Roberts told the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme she had been "really encouraged" by the number of people attending the open day.
Held in the BBC's New Broadcasting House in central London, it hopes to encourage 16- to 30-year-olds to join the register of the blood cancer charity Anthony Nolan Trust by supplying a saliva sample. It is open to the public as well as BBC staff.
Lloyd-Roberts's chances of surviving the disease rest on a transplant.
"My prognosis is very grim. So I'm counting on one," she said.
But she added she was "very confident" that a successful donor would be found with the assistance of the charity.
Until then, she said, her "life is on hold".
"You feel as though you're in limbo. You really can't plan anything," she told Derbyshire.
"The kind of work I do for the BBC tends to be long-length investigative films, which can take two months to do. So clearly my work is on hold.
"I really want to remain optimistic, but it's a strange period.
"You can't work, you can't live a normal life, I could have to go to the hospital any day."
But she added that despite "this killer disease in my body", she currently felt "physically fine".
"This is what is so insidious and maddening about it," she said.
Since being diagnosed four months ago, Lloyd-Roberts has undergone two rounds of chemotherapy at University College Hospital in London, and is now in remission.
She had expected a stem-cell transplant to take place in May, but the would-be donor failed medical tests and the operation was cancelled.
"It was a major disappointment," she said.
"I had my bags packed and was ready to go into hospital when the call came the day before I was due to go in, saying that the donor had failed his medical."
Of the 25 million names on the Anthony Nolan Trust register, only three potential donors had been identified - with all three later ruled out.
The charity says that only one in about 1,200 people on the register ends up donating in any given year. Because there are many thousands of different tissue types, matches can be rare.
Those unable to attend the BBC open day can sign up on the Anthony Nolan Trust website.
Watch  Victoria Derbyshire on weekdays from 09:15-11:00 BST on BBC Two and BBC News channel. Follow the programme on Facebook and Twitter, and find all our content online.

Mike and Kate Brandon, from Bristol, said his consultant had advised them that "all NHS routes were exhausted".
"I left and thought you have to try or give up and I wasn't ready to give up," said 33-year-old Mrs Brandon.
A "revolutionary new cancer treatment" trial at the University of Pennsylvania starts on Tuesday.
"I know we need that £400,000 to go to Pennsylvania immediately," she added.
"I have no doubt in my mind that we will raise it. We have the love of the world behind us and I know we will make it."
It is the second time the Brandons have had to appeal to the public for help.
Two years ago a social media campaign found a donor for his acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
Mr Brandon, 31, was diagnosed in January 2014. His then fiancee, Kate Robertson, launched a successful campaign to find him a matching donor after he had been told by doctors, in May 2014, he needed to find a donor within 60 days.
A match was found and Mr Brandon had the transplant on 30 June 2014 - his 30th birthday.
The couple married in June 2015, but in February Mrs Brandon said "Mike began to get sick again" and they were told by his consultant there was "little he could do" to save him.
She set up the #donate4Mike campaign last week to raise funds to cover medical care costs for a "revolutionary new cancer treatment being trialled in USA" - known as CAR T-cell therapy.
Mrs Brandon said watching the money mount up was "incredible", with funds currently standing at more than £264,000.
The treatment would be carried out at the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Centre and she said he had to take part in a specific trial that starts on Tuesday.


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Question: An 86-year-old man claims he has received threats to burn his house down in a row about broadband.

Raymond Moreton has refused to allow BT to access a junction box in his garden in Yelverton, Norfolk.
Villagers have complained internet speeds are poor and that the box needs upgrading.
Mr Moreton said: "I got a phone call... [they said] they are going to come and burn the place down." Police said they were aware and were due to visit him.
Mr Moreton has lived at the house for 18 years and claims a bigger box would obscure motorists' view of the adjacent road junction.
Live: Boundary lines being contested in broadband row
BT said it installed a fibre broadband box in Drakes Lane in 2014 and that it had no intention of fitting a similar cabinet in Mr Moreton's garden.
It is disputing the boundary and said it believes the existing box could well be on public land.
"If they want to come and damage my property, be prepared," said Mr Moreton, speaking of the threat he received.
"I wonder why everyone seems to be against me, when all I've done is try to facilitate matters."
A spokesman for BT said the 1972 cabinet needed essential installation and repair works when required.
"We understand that there is an ongoing consultation between Mr Moreton and Norfolk Highways, and we will assess the situation, once the public boundary has been clearly defined by them," he said.
"We do need to do some underground work in the area to enable more people to be able to get high speed broadband, so we need the public boundary clarified before we can do that.
"The engineering work to provide additional capacity would take a few days, however there would be a requirement to carry out provision and repair work on an ongoing basis."
Norfolk County Council said: "We're confident that the issue can be settled soon, with an agreed boundary line established which will assist Mr Moreton in identifying if any existing apparatus is on his land or not."

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A cross-party group of Nationalist and unionist MSPs have signed up to a formal pledge aimed at ending "unhelpful polarisation" in the political debate in Scotland and across the globe, writes The Scotsman.
The rising tension over President Donald Trump's determination to force North Korea to end its production of nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles took a dramatic twist when a senior official in Pyongyang said his country could soon start weekly missile tests, reports The National.
The i newspaper also covers the story and writes that North Korea has warned it will launch a "pre-emptive nuclear strike" to deter an attack by US military forces.
The Times claims Europe is braced for a new migrant crisis after the newly victorious Turkish president indicated that he was preparing for a fight with Brussels by restoring the death penalty and demanding visa-free travel across the Continent.
Prince William has called for the end of the "stiff upper lip" culture, says the Scottish Daily Mail, after his brother Harry confessed that he struggled to cope with their mother's death.
The Scottish Daily Express also runs with the story and says that the Duke of Cambridge has said he wants his children, Prince George and Princess Charlotte, to grow up feeling free to talk about their emotions.
The Daily Record writes that dozens of people who booked to have their weddings at Guthrie Castle may be affected by claims the venue was intentionally doubled-booked by a former member of staff.
The Courier also covers the story and says that couples who are set to marry at the Angus castle are being urged to contact the venue immediately to check their bookings.
Britain's "most wanted man" Harris Binotti is living under police noses near Govan police station in Glasgow in "defiance" of a global manhunt, reports The Scottish Sun.
The Daily Star of Scotland says stars of the Only Way is Essex TV show were caught up in the acid attack at a nightclub that left 12 people in hospital.


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Question: A chronology of key events:

1881 - Revolt against the Turco-Egyptian administration.
1899-1955 - Sudan is under joint British-Egyptian rule.
1956 - Sudan becomes independent.
1958 - General Ibrahim Abboud leads military coup against the civilian government elected earlier in the year
1962 - Civil war begins in the south, led by the Anya Nya movement.
1964 - The "October Revolution" overthrows Abbud and an Islamist-led government is established
1969 - Jaafar Numeiri leads the "May Revolution" military coup.
1971 - Sudanese Communist Party leaders executed after short-lived coup against Numeiri.
1972 - Under the Addis Ababa peace agreement between the government and the Anya Nya, the south becomes a self-governing region.
1978 - Oil discovered in Bentiu in southern Sudan.
1983 - Civil war breaks out again in the south involving government forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM), led by John Garang.
1983 - President Numeiri declares the introduction of Sharia Islamic law.
1985 - After widespread popular unrest Numeiri is deposed by a group of officers and a Transitional Military Council is set up to rule the country.
1986 - Coalition government formed after general elections, with Sadiq al-Mahdi as prime minister.
1988 - Coalition partner the Democratic Unionist Party drafts cease-fire agreement with the SPLM, but it is not implemented.
1989 - National Salvation Revolution takes over in military coup.
1993 - Revolution Command Council dissolved after Omar Bashir is appointed president.
1995 - Egyptian President Mubarak accuses Sudan of being involved in attempt to assassinate him in Addis Ababa.
1998 - US launches missile attack on a pharmaceutical plant in Khartoum, alleging that it was making materials for chemical weapons.
1998 - New constitution endorsed by over 96% of voters in referendum.
1999 - President Bashir dissolves the National Assembly and declares a state of emergency following a power struggle with parliamentary speaker, Hassan al-Turabi.
1999 - Sudan begins to export oil.
2000 President Bashir meets leaders of opposition National Democratic Alliance for first time in Eritrea.
Main opposition parties boycott presidential elections. Incumbent Bashir is re-elected for further five years.
2001 Islamist leader Al-Turabi's party, the Popular National Congress, signs memorandum of understanding with the southern rebel SPLM's armed wing, the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA). Al-Turabi is arrested the next day, with more arrests of PNC members in the following months.
US extends unilateral sanctions against Sudan for another year, citing its record on terrorism and rights violations.
2002 - Government and SPLA sign landmark ceasefire agreement providing for six-month renewable ceasefire in central Nuba Mountains - a key rebel stronghold.
Talks in Kenya lead to a breakthrough agreement between the government and southern rebels on ending the 19-year civil war. The Machakos Protocol provides for the south to seek self-determination after six years.
2003 February - Rebels in western region of Darfur rise up against government, claiming the region is being neglected by Khartoum.
2003 October - PNC leader Turabi released after nearly three years in detention and ban on his party is lifted.
2004 January - Army moves to quell rebel uprising in western region of Darfur; hundreds of thousands of refugees flee to neighbouring Chad.
2004 March - UN official says pro-government Arab Janjaweed militias are carrying out systematic killings of non-Arab villagers in Darfur.
Army officers and opposition politicians, including Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi, are detained over an alleged coup plot.
2004 September - UN says Sudan has not met targets for disarming pro-government Darfur militias and must accept outside help to protect civilians. US Secretary of State Colin Powell describes Darfur killings as genocide.
2005 January - Government and southern rebels sign a peace deal. The agreement includes a permanent ceasefire and accords on wealth and power sharing.
UN report accuses the government and militias of systematic abuses in Darfur, but stops short of calling the violence genocide.
2005 March - UN Security Council authorises sanctions against those who violate ceasefire in Darfur. Council also votes to refer those accused of war crimes in Darfur to International Criminal Court.
2005 June - Government and exiled opposition grouping - National Democratic Alliance (NDA) - sign reconciliation deal allowing NDA into power-sharing administration.
President Bashir frees Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi, detained since March 2004 over alleged coup plot.
2005 9 July - Former southern rebel leader John Garang is sworn in as first vice president. A constitution which gives a large degree of autonomy to the south is signed.
2005 1 August - Vice president and former rebel leader John Garang is killed in a plane crash. He is succeeded by Salva Kiir. Garang's death sparks deadly clashes in the capital between southern Sudanese and northern Arabs.
2005 September - Power-sharing government is formed in Khartoum.
2005 October - Autonomous government is formed in the south, in line with January 2005 peace deal. The administration is dominated by former rebels.
2006 May - Khartoum government and the main rebel faction in Darfur, the Sudan Liberation Movement, sign a peace accord. Two smaller rebel groups reject the deal. Fighting continues.
2006 August - Sudan rejects a UN resolution calling for a UN peacekeeping force in Darfur, saying it would compromise sovereignty.
2006 October - Jan Pronk, the UN's top official in Sudan, is expelled.
2006 November - African Union extends mandate of its peacekeeping force in Darfur for six months.
Hundreds are thought to have died in the heaviest fighting between northern Sudanese forces and their former southern rebel foes since they signed a peace deal last year. Fighting is centred on the southern town of Malakal.
2007 April - Sudan says it will accept a partial UN troop deployment to reinforce African Union peacekeepers in Darfur, but not a full 20,000-strong force.
2007 May - International Criminal Court issues arrest warrants for a minister and a Janjaweed militia leader suspected of Darfur war crimes.
US President George W Bush announces fresh sanctions against Sudan.
2007 July - UN Security Council approves a resolution authorising a 26,000-strong force for Darfur. Sudan says it will co-operate with the United Nations-African Union Mission in Darfur (Unamid).
2007 October - SPLM temporarily suspends participation in national unity government, accusing Khartoum of failing to honour the 2005 peace deal. Returns to government in December.
2008 January - UN takes over Darfur peace force. Government planes bomb rebel positions in West Darfur, turning some areas into no-go zones for aid workers.
2008 March - Presidents of Sudan and Chad sign accord aimed at halting five years of hostilities between their countries.
2008 April - Counting begins in national census which is seen as a vital step towards holding democratic elections after the landmark 2005 north-south peace deal.
UN humanitarian chief John Holmes says 300,000 people may have died in the five-year Darfur conflict.
2008 May - Southern defence minister Dominic Dim Deng is killed in a plane crash in the south.
Tension increases between Sudan and Chad after Darfur rebel group mounts raid on Omdurman, Khartoum's twin city across the Nile. Sudan accuses Chad of involvement and breaks off diplomatic relations.
Intense fighting breaks out between northern and southern forces in disputed oil-rich town of Abyei.
2008 June - President Bashir and southern leader Salva Kiir agree to seek international arbitration to resolve dispute over Abyei.
2008 July - The International Criminal Court's top prosecutor calls for the arrest of President Bashir for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes in Darfur; the appeal is the first ever request to the ICC for the arrest of a sitting head of state. Sudan rejects the indictment.
2008 November - President Bashir announces an immediate ceasefire in Darfur, but the region's two main rebel groups reject the move, saying they will fight on until the government agrees to share power and wealth in the region.
2009 January - Sudanese Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi is arrested after saying President Bashir should hand himself in to The Hague to face war crimes charges for the Darfur war.
2009 March - The International Criminal Court in The Hague issues an arrest warrant for President Bashir on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur.
2009 June - Khartoum government denies it is supplying arms to ethnic groups in the south to destabilise the region.
Hassan Abdallah al-Turabi has been prominent in promoting Islamic law in Sudan
Profile: Sudan's Islamist leader
2009 July - North and south Sudan say they accept ruling by arbitration court in The Hague shrinking disputed Abyei region and placing the major Heglig oil field in the north.
2009 August - Darfur war is over, says UN military commander in the region, in comments condemned by activists.
2009 December - Leaders of North and South reach deal on terms of referendum on independence due in South by 2011.
2010 Feb-March - The Justice and Equality Movement (Jem) main Darfur rebel movement signs a peace accord with the government, prompting President Bashir to declare the Darfur war over. But failure to agree specifics and continuing clashes with smaller rebel groups endanger the deal.
2010 April - President Bashir gains new term in first contested presidential polls since 1986.
2010 July - International Criminal Court issues second arrest warrant for President al-Bashir - this time on charges of genocide.
2010 August - Mr Bashir tests ICC arrest warrant by visiting Kenya, an ICC signatory. The Kenyan government refuses to enforce the warrant.
2011 January - People of the South vote in favour of full independence from the north.
2011 May - Northern troops overrun town of Abyei on disputed border between north and south. South describes it as ''act of war''. Thousands flee.
2011 July - South Sudan gains independence.
2011 September - State of emergency declared in Blue Nile state, elected SPLM-N Governor Malik Agar sacked. Some 100,000 said fleeing unrest.
2011 October - South Sudan and Sudan agree to set up several committees tasked with resolving their outstanding disputes.
2011 November - Sudan accused of bombing refugee camp in Yida, Unity State, South Sudan.
A Kenyan judge issues an arrest warrant for President Bashir, saying he should be detained if ever he sets foot in the country again.
2011 December - International Criminal Court's chief prosecutor requests arrest warrant for Sudan's defence minister, Abdelrahim Mohamed Hussein, for alleged war crimes in Darfur.
Sudanese government forces kill key Darfur rebel leader Khalil Ibrahim.
2012 January - South Sudan halts oil production after talks on fees for the export of oil via Sudan break down.
2012 February-April - Sudan and South Sudan sign non-aggression pact at talks on outstanding secession issues, but border fighting breaks out.
2012 May - Sudan pledges to pull its troops out of the border region of Abyei, which is also claimed by South Sudan, as bilateral peace talks resume.
2012 June - Week-long student protests in Khartoum against austerity measures spread from to the wider public after the government cuts fuel and other subsidies in response to the drop in oil revenue after the independence of South Sudan.
2012 August - Some 655,000 have been displaced or severely affected by fighting between the army and rebels in states bordering on South Sudan, the UN reports.
Sudan and South Sudan strike a last-minute deal on the South's export of oil via Sudan's pipelines.
2012 September - The presidents of Sudan and South Sudan agree on plans for a demilitarised buffer zone and resuming oil sales after days of talks in Ethiopia, but fail to resolve border issues, including Abyei.
Clashes with rebels in Darfur and South Kordofan region.
2012 October - Explosions destroy an arms factory in Khartoum. Sudan accuses Israel of the attack on what is believed to be an Iranian-run plant making weapons for Hamas in Gaza. Israel declines to comment.
2013 March - Sudan and South Sudan agree to resume pumping oil, ending a shutdown caused by a dispute over fees more than a year ago, and to withdraw troops from their borders to create a demilitarised zone.
2013 September - Wave of demonstrations across the country over the government's decision to cut fuel subsidies. Scores of people die in clashes with police.
2013 October - Dissident members of the ruling National Congress Party (NCP) announce plans for a breakaway party aimed at reaching out to secularists and leftists, in what is seen as the most serious split in the elite since Hassan al-Turabi went into opposition in 1999.
2013 December - President Bashir drops long-time ally and first vice president Ali Osman Taha from the cabinet in a major shake-up.
2014  May - A court in Khartoum prompts an international outcry by sentencing a pregnant woman born to a Muslim father but raised as a Christian to death for apostasy after failing to recant her Christianity.
2014 December - The chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court halts investigations into war crimes in Darfur for lack of support from the UN Security Council.
2015 April - President Bashir is re-elected for another five year term. He wins nearly 95 percent of the vote in a poll marked by low turnout and boycotted by most opposition parties.
2015 June - The Pretoria High Court orders President Bashir not to leave South Africa - where he is attending an African Union summit - while it considers whether or not to arrest him over alleged war crimes. Defying the court order, President Bashir leaves the summit early and returns to Sudan.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

A selection of photos from across the African continent this week:


Question: Represent this text

Question: Alastair Cook has been removed as England one-day captain and replaced by fellow batsman Eoin Morgan, less than two months before the World Cup.

Cook, 29, who was appointed to lead the one-day side in 2011, averages only 27.52 in his last 20 one-dayers.
During the recent 5-2 series defeat in Sri Lanka, Cook insisted he would not resign, but a selectors' meeting on Friday took the decision for him.
Morgan began his career with Ireland and has played 107 ODIs for England.
The 28-year-old left-hander, however, is in a similarly poor run of form, averaging only 25.45 in his last 23 matches.
The end of Cook's reign as one-day skipper comes at the end of a turbulent year for the opener, in which he has presided over a 5-0 Ashes series defeat, the ending of Kevin Pietersen's international career and calls for him to stand down as Test captain.
He did turn around his five-day form and the fortunes of his side with a 3-1 Test series win over India, but pressure on Cook's position as ODI skipper increased with a 3-1 home one-day series defeat by the same opponents and the unsuccessful tour of Sri Lanka.
Although England and Wales Cricket Board managing director Paul Downton said he would be "surprised" if Cook were replaced before the World Cup, he did not have a vote on the four-man selection panel.
Meanwhile, coach Peter Moores, a selector alongside James Whitaker, Mick Newell and Angus Fraser, refused to guarantee that Cook's place as World Cup leader was secure.
This came against the backdrop of a host of former England captains - including Nasser Hussain, Alec Stewart and Michael Vaughan - calling for Cook to be replaced as captain.
Vaughan told BBC Radio 5 live on Friday evening that Cook "knew he shouldn't be in the team" in Sri Lanka.
Essex batsman Cook took charge of the one-day side after the 2011 World Cup, continuing a sequence that has seen England replace their limited-overs skipper after each of the last four tournaments.
He enjoyed some initial success, taking England to the top of the world rankings in 2012, a year in which he scored three ODI centuries.
However, after leading England to defeat by India in the final of the Champions Trophy in 2013, Cook has not since presided over a series victory.
Dublin-born Morgan made his one-day international debut for his native Ireland in 2006, but switched to represent England three years later.
He has regularly deputised as captain in limited-overs cricket, most recently in the fourth one-dayer in Sri Lanka when Cook served a one-match ban for a slow over-rate.
In his eight matches as skipper Morgan averages 71.16, while England have won on three occasions when the left-hander has led the side.
While England have often split captaincy of their various teams in the past - Stuart Broad is the current Twenty20 leader - Morgan represents a low-risk threat to Cook's position as Test skipper because he is not currently part of the five-day set-up.
Morgan will now lead England into a tri-series against Australia and India, and the subsequent World Cup down under, the squad for which will be confirmed on Saturday morning at 11:00 GMT.
Pietersen, who is playing for Melbourne Stars in Australia's Twenty20 competition the Big Bash League, tweeted: "Great news. Top player, leader and bloke. Hope I get to play for him."
Alex Hales and Ian Bell are the candidates to replace Cook as Moeen Ali's partner at the top of the order, with Yorkshire's Gary Ballance a leading candidate to take his place in the squad.
England begin their World Cup campaign against co-hosts Australia on 14 February in Melbourne.

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The decision to recall the 32-year-old was made after he met with coach Andy Flower, Test captain Alastair Cook and other senior players this week.
"The meetings were constructive and cordial and all outstanding issues have been resolved," explained Hugh Morris, the England team's managing director
Pietersen, who recently agreed a new England contract, was dropped in August following a fractious summer.
The player had to apologise to former captain Andrew Strauss after sending "provocative" text messages to opposing players during the Test series against South Africa.
31 May 2012: Announces retirement from international limited-overs cricket
11 Aug: Commits to all forms of international cricket in a YouTube interview
12 Aug: Dropped for third Test against South Africa for sending "provocative texts" about team-mates to opposition players
21 Aug: Left out of England squad for World Twenty20
7 Sept: Not awarded ECB central contract
18 Sept: Omitted from England Test squad for winter tour of India
3 Oct: New four-month contract announced
16 Oct: Lands in London for meetings with ECB and players
18 Oct: Added to the squad for the tour of India
However, the ECB later accepted the texts were not derogatory about Strauss and the Surrey player was given a  pending a successful outcome to a "reintegration" period.
After a series of successful meetings earlier this week in Oxford, England are now ready to welcome South Africa-born batsman back into the national fold before they fly out to Abu Dhabi next week ahead of their four-Test tour of India in November and December.
Pietersen is currently playing for Delhi Daredevils in the Champions League in South Africa.
"All the England players and management are now keen to draw a line under this matter and fully focus on the cricketing challenge that lies ahead in India," added Morris.
ECB national selector Geoff Miller said: "We are pleased to welcome a player of Kevin's proven international calibre back into the Test squad for such an important Test series.
"As we anticipate that Ian Bell will return home for the birth of his first child around the time of the second Test in Mumbai, the team will benefit from having an extra batsman in the squad and all players who were originally selected for the tour will fly out as planned next week.
"Kevin will join up with the squad as soon as his Champions League commitments are complete."
The final of the Champions League is on 28 October, by which time England will be at a training camp in Dubai. Their first warm-up game starts on 30 October in Mumbai.
Rifts between Pietersen, who averages 49.48 in Test cricket, and his England team-mates surfaced during the series with South Africa, when he claimed there were  after scoring a century in the second Test at Headingley in August.
Two days after Pietersen was dropped over the texts scandal, Twenty20 captain Stuart Broad issued a statement denying any involvement in a Twitter account called KP Genius that parodied Pietersen.
England Test squad for India: Alastair Cook (capt), Joe Root, Jonathan Trott, Kevin Pietersen, Ian Bell, Jonny Bairstow, Eoin Morgan, Nick Compton, Matt Prior (wk), Samit Patel, Tim Bresnan, Stuart Broad, Graeme Swann, James Anderson, Steven Finn, Graham Onions, Monty Panesar.


Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details:
------
For example, '['Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details', 'Havana and other Cuban cities are being spruced up ahead of the visit of Pope Francis on Saturday.']' should have a representation like '['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence!', 'Streets are being newly paved in Havana and the cathedral is being renovated.\nOn the city\'s iconic Revolution Square, where Pope Francis will celebrate a Mass on Sunday, workers have been building a huge altar and stands for the congregation and choir.\nPope Francis will spend four days in Cuba before flying to the US, on his first visits to both countries.\nSimilar makeovers are taking place in other Cuban cities on the Pope\'s itinerary.\nWorkers in Havana have re-laid the cobbled streets where the Pope mobile will pass and have upgraded the traffic lights.\nThe airport terminal where the Pope will arrive has also been renovated.\nIn the city of Holguin where the pope will celebrate Mass on Monday, the cathedral has been repaired and repainted.\nOfficials say nearly 1,000 Cuban and foreign journalists are expected to cover the visit.\nOn Thursday the Vatican said it hoped Pope Francis\'s visit would help bring to an end the 53-year-old US embargo and lead to more freedom and human rights on the island.\nThe Vatican Secretary of State, Cardinal Pietro Parolin said the Vatican hoped for "a flowering of these fundamental aspects for the life of persons and peoples".\nThe Pope himself praised Cubans\' "spirit" in the face of adversity.\n"It does me a lot of good and helps me to think of your faith in the Lord, of the spirit with which you confront the difficulties of each day," he said in a message relayed on Cuban state television.\nPope Francis\'s trip will also take him to the US. The thaw in relations between Cuba and the US in recent months is partly due to his crucial mediation between Havana and Washington - something Mr Castro thanked the Pope for during a visit to the Vatican in May.\nOn Friday the US announced eased restrictions on business and travel with Cuba, the latest move by President Barack Obama to improve relations with the country.']' but very far from '['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', "A date has been set for next Monday, 28 November at 10:00 local time in the Apostolic Palace.\nMr Kenny will personally welcome Pope Francis' decision to hold the World Meeting of Families in Dublin in the Republic of Ireland in August 2018.\nIt comes ahead of speculation that the Pope will visit Ireland at that time."]'.

Question: A mental health trust admitted failing a man accused of murdering a motorist by stabbing him 39 times on a road in West Sussex, a court has heard.

Matthew Daley, 35, denies murder but has admitted attacking 79-year-old retired solicitor Donald Lock claiming diminished responsibility.
Mr Daley's father told doctors without proper care, his son would "hurt someone or worse", the jury was told.
Mr Lock was killed while driving on the A24 at Findon, near Worthing last July.
Defence counsel David Howker QC said Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust apologised to Mr Daley's family for having "failed" him in his care and treatment.
Relatives were "constantly on the case" of clinicians for a "thorough diagnosis" of Mr Daley's mental condition, Mr Howker told Lewes Crown Court.
Philip Bennetts QC, for the prosecution, said it was for the jury to decide on the mental state of the defendant.
He said Mr Daley, formerly of St Elmo Road, Worthing "braked violently while approaching the junction".
"Donald Lock, who was immediately behind him, collided with his car."
He said that when Mr Lock asked why Mr Daley had stopped so suddenly he was violently attacked and stabbed.
The prosecution said Mr Lock repeatedly cried out "help, help" during the attack.
Witness Andrew Slater described a "frenzied" attack and how he tried to remonstrate with Mr Daley, but backed away when he saw his knife.
Mr Lock, who had recently been given the all-clear from prostate cancer, died at the scene.
The case continues.

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Jane Andrews, from Cleethorpes, north-east Lincolnshire, and an ex-dresser to the Duchess of York, murdered businessman Tom Cressman in 2000.
The duchess had employed her for nine years and was involved in police efforts to her track down.
A spokesman for the Parole Board said a three-member panel of the board had directed the release of Andrews.
He added: "The decision to release is a matter for the board, which is independent. Arrangements and the date of the release are a matter for the Ministry of Justice.
"We are unable to comment further on the details of this case."
Andrews went on the run after stabbing her lover at the flat they shared in Fulham, south-west London, after he refused to marry her.
She hit him around the head with a cricket bat while he slept in their bed and then plunged an 19cm kitchen knife into his chest, before going on the run.
Four days after the murder, Andrews was found in her car in a lay-by in Cornwall, having taken an overdose of painkillers. She told police she panicked after killing her boyfriend by accident, in self-defence.
During the police search, the duchess left her two voicemail messages, urging Andrews to give herself up.
She also gave a witness statement to police - but it was not included in Andrews' four week trial at the Old Bailey in 2001, where she was was ordered to serve at least 15 years in jail.
That sentence was reduced by three years on appeal.
In 2009 Andrews absconded from East Sutton Park, an open prison in Maidstone, before being apprehended days later.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Canadians have gathered to pay tribute to an honour guard soldier -  a year after he was killed by a gunman who went on to storm parliament.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

Outgoing Prime Minister Stephen Harper and Prime Minister-designate Justin Trudeau - in their first appearance together since Monday's election - laid a wreath in remembrance.
Dignitaries were joined by a large crowd as well-armed police kept watch.
The attacks helped usher in a sweeping anti-terrorism law.
"We will not allow threats to shape us, nor bow to those who mean to undermine our values and way of life," Mr Trudeau said on Thursday at the National War Memorial in Ottawa.
One year ago, Michael Zehaf-Bibeau, a Muslim convert shot and killed Nathan Cirillo at the war memorial before attacking parliament.
Zehaf-Bibeau charged into parliament and fired several shots before he was killed by Parliament's Sergeant-at-Arms Kevin Vickers.
Another Canadian service member, Warrant Ofc Patrice Vincent, was killed in a separate attack only a few days before.

Minutes before, Michael Zehaf-Bibeau, 32, had shot dead a soldier at Ottawa's war memorial near parliament.
Zehaf-Bibeau was ultimately shot dead by Sergeant-at-Arms Kevin Vickers.
He was not on a list of known high-risk travellers, but had links to extremist elements, police said. He had recently applied for a passport and intended to travel to Syria.
At a news conference on Thursday, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Commissioner Bob Paulson described Zehaf-Bibeau as a Canadian-born petty criminal with possible dual citizenship in Libya, where his father was from.
Mr Paulson said Zehaf-Bibeau  was not among the 90 individuals known to Canadian security forces as a "high-risk traveller", contrary to earlier reports.
Nor was he linked to the Muslim convert who on Monday killed a Canadian soldier in Quebec in a hit-and-run attack.
"[Zehaf-Bibeau] was an individual who may have held extremist beliefs," said Mr Paulson, who suggested the passport application process may have driven him to violence.
"I think the passport figured prominently in his motives. I'm not inside his head, but I think it was central to what was driving him."
Killed in the Wednesday morning attack was Cpl Nathan Cirillo, a 24-year-old reservist from Ontario who was standing as an unarmed honour guard, in ceremonial dress, at Canada's Tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the Canadian capital's Parliament Hill.
According to the RCMP investigation, Zehaf-Bibeau arrived in Ottawa on 2 October, intending to deal with an issue related to his application for a passport.
"He was waiting to get it, and there was an investigation going on to determine to see whether he would get a passport," Mr Paulson said.
On Tuesday, he purchased the beige car used in the attack. On Wednesday at about 09:50, he approached the war memorial from behind, fired twice at Cpl Cirillo, who never saw him coming, then fired on the second guard. Cpl Cirillo was struck, but the shot missed the second guard.
Zehaf-Bibeau yelled something in English, then drove north on Wellington Street toward Parliament Hill. He stopped his car directly in front of the parliament complex's East Block, and alighted from his vehicle brandishing a rifle as pedestrians fled.
Video shows he hijacked a minister's car, then sped off toward Centre Block, by now pursued by police.
At Centre Block, he left the stolen car and ran into the building, exchanging gunfire with House of Commons security forces and RCMP officers.
He was ultimately shot dead by Sergeant-at-Arms Vickers, a former senior RCMP officer, who received a standing ovation in parliament on Thursday.
Only one minute and 23 seconds elapsed between the time Zehaf-Bibeau parked his own car and when he entered Center Block.
At the scene: Jon Kelly, BBC News, Ottawa
Rows of squad cars blocked the National War Memorial, where a gunman shot and killed a soldier before rampaging through the parliament building.
By the standards of most Western cities, these security measures appeared restrained in the wake of a deadly attack.
But in a nation where the openness of political institutions is a deeply-cherished article of faith, they were a sign that something was out of the ordinary.
Can Canada preserve its openness?
Zehaf-Bibeau's assault has shaken a nation already reeling from Monday's attack in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, in which 25-year-old Martin Couture-Rouleau smashed his car into two Canadian soldiers in a car park, killing one.
Couture-Rouleau, who authorities say was "inspired" by Islamic State (IS) militants in Iraq and Syria, led police on a brief chase before he wrecked his car, exited the vehicle reportedly brandishing a knife, and was shot dead by the officers.
PM Stephen Harper has vowed to strengthen the nation's anti-terrorism laws, and has said Canada will not be intimidated by such violence, nor swayed from its role fighting IS in Iraq alongside the US military.
He is now under 24-hour protection, authorities have said.
The suspect: A trail of petty crime


Question: Represent this text

Question: Two events happened in Norfolk this week which may, just may, be a pointer to things to come.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

First of all, a high profile UKIP councillor resigned. Stan Hebborn was deputy leader of the party at County Hall. He's decided to stand down because he's become disillusioned with politics.
"I've lost faith in my party and the way things are done at County Hall," he told us.
He complains about council officers who earn too much money, he thinks they spend too much on consultants and believes they wield too much power.
He is also worried the UKIP group goes along with officers' decisions too often and doesn't challenging them enough.
"One of the aspirations we had when we were elected was that we would be able to challenge the fat cat salaries at County Hall and that has not happened," he said.
Mr Hebborn was one of the 2013 intake of dozens of councillors across the country that hit the headlines.
The party took 15 seats in Norfolk to deprive the Conservatives of power on the county council.
Mr Hebborn never expected to win but threw himself into his new job and impressed journalists and fellow councillors with his enthusiasm and tenacity.
Life in local government can be frustrating, council officers may be highly paid and sometimes cautious but they play an important role in guiding councillors into making legally safe and viable decisions.
Mr Hebborn's resignation comes just weeks after two councillors on Great Yarmouth Borough Council decided to sit as independents following an internal party row.
There have also been falling outs within the local parties in Tendring and Basildon in Essex.
UKIP's critics always questioned if the party's inexperienced councillors could stay the course in local government. Are we now seeing signs that some of them can't?
The second interesting development was the Loddon by-election. The Conservatives held on to the seat very comfortably, which was not a surprise, but it was very interesting to see how the other parties fared.
It's worth stressing this is just one council by-election and fewer than 2,000 people voted (compared to 5,500 when the seat was last contested in May).
But the Labour share of the vote was down by almost the same amount as the Liberal Democrat vote was up (around 8%). Is it possible the Lib Dems have picked up votes at the expense of Labour?
And, there were only two votes in it, but the Lib Dems beat UKIP. It's not very often that we've been able to say that.
The Conservative share of the vote was up by 4%, UKIP's share of the vote was down by almost the same amount.
It is just one by election and just one resignation but we will see whether anything can be drawn from it in the longer term.
Mr Hebborn's resignation means there'll now be another by-election in Watton.
That will be worth watching not just to see what happens to the individual parties but if the Conservatives can win it back they'd be within touching distance of taking back control of the council.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article!

If it walks like a duck and it quacks like a duck, it's a duck.
If on the other hand it can't make a noise and waddles and then falls over, it's a lame duck.
And a president at the end of a second term with a highly partisan Congress ranged against him is as lame a duck as you will ever see.
So maybe it's time to rewrite those immutable rules. Because on Thursday the president looks anything but lame. The signature legislative achievement of the Obama years was to drive through the Affordable Care Act - or Obamacare as it is more widely known - that has given health insurance to millions more Americans.
It had been a Democratic ambition for 50 years to overhaul healthcare in the US. People in Washington and around the country have been waiting on a ruling from the Supreme Court on quite a narrow challenge to Obamacare, but which if it had been successful would have caused total chaos in its implementation in about 30 US states.
The stakes could not have been higher. People's health (crucially important) and Obama's legacy (less important, but for him and those around him fairly vital) were at stake. Well a politically finely balanced Supreme Court has given an emphatic, overwhelming vote in favour of the President by 6-3.
I bet no-drama Obama is high fiving anyone and everyone in the White House - that is how big it is.
Add to that the TPP trade deal with Asia. That is huge too. Congress (yes, do you remember back in November after the midterms when everyone was predicting that nothing would ever get done again, and how it would be total gridlock until after the elections in 2016?) last night gave Barack Obama 'fast-track' authority to complete what the Financial Times describes as "the most ambitious regional trade deal in recent history".
With Japan and the US and 10 other countries involved the deal accounts for 40% of world trade. And it should be said, this was won in the teeth of opposition from many Democrats, and the labour unions in the US. Obama now wants to repeat that victory with a similar deal with the Europeans. There is still a long way to go after all there's many a slip twixt cup and lip (ask Dustin Johnson after his three putt from 12ft that cost him the US Open last weekend.)
But last November no one would have thought we would have been here. Another bit of the legacy in place.
And then there is Cuba, where the US and the Caribbean island seem on the cusp of resuming diplomatic relations after a recent history that brought the world the closest to nuclear war in many of our lifetimes. And on the subject of which, it maybe that the P5+1, led by the USA, is on the edge of concluding a deal with Iran that - if you buy the Obama administration narrative - will prevent Tehran from realising its nuclear ambitions.
Wherever you stand on the rights and wrongs of the Iran deal - and there are strong passions and deep concerns aroused by this - it is hard to present a storyline of an administration becalmed, sails flapping, bobbing up and down, going nowhere. Whether it is going in the wrong direction is a different question
And if someone from the White House press office were looking over my shoulder they'd be no doubt chipping in saying: "And what about the jobs creation, and the turnaround of the US economy since the financial crisis..."
But today is today and tomorrow is tomorrow. As I write this Obama is about to come into the Rose Garden to salute his famous victory on Obamacare. Tomorrow, though, he will board Air Force One with the First Lady, the Vice President and his wife to travel the 400 miles south to Charleston to deliver the eulogy at the funeral of his friend. Clementa Pinckney was one of the nine shot dead by a white supremacist in the most cowardly act imaginable - gunned down in their church as they gathered for a bible study class. Obama's legacy there is more uncertain.
America is very much not living in post-racial harmony. The events of the past year have been ugly, with race riots, a high number of black men killed by white police officers for no apparent reason, and now the horror of Charleston. And there is gun crime. After the Charleston shootings there was a note of resignation and failure in the president's voice as he bemoaned America's record to tackle this issue. Race and guns will go very much into the 'tried and failed' folder.
Churchill is widely quoted as saying that history is written by the winners. What he actually said was that he was confident history would find the then prime-minister Stanley Baldwin wrong - and with a big grin on his face added "because I shall write that history". He then knocked out at great speed his six-volume History of the Second World War, published between 1948 and 1954, which came to dominate Western thinking about the conflict for a generation.
It is too soon to write anything decisive about Obama's legacy. But if the Supreme Court had ruled against him on Thursday, and if the trade deal had faltered - then there would be many writing his political obituary.


Question: Represent the next text

Question: Corruption is a "serious problem" in 40 of sub-Saharan Africa's 46 states, says an anti-corruption watchdog.

Transparency International (TI) says it has seen no improvement in powerhouses Nigeria and South Africa.
Its corruption index puts Somalia at the top of the list of the world's most corrupt countries.
The annual index looks at factors such as the prevalence of bribery and the perception that government officials go unpunished for corruption.
The watchdog said the countries perceived to be the most corrupt tend to be in conflict; have weak institutions such as the police and the courts and lack independent media.
Somalia has not had an effective central government since its long-serving ruler, Siad Barre, was overthrown in 1991.
North Korea, which has been one of the world's most secretive societies, shared the spot of most corrupt with Somalia.
The "cleanest" countries, such as Denmark, Finland and Sweden, tend to show the public how money is spent and have judges that don't differentiate between rich and poor, the report says.
TI picked out Ghana - which has been rocked by an undercover film showing judges allegedly taking bribes - as a pocket of hope where activists "worked hard to drive out the corrupt".
Senegal, where the government has introduced a series of anti-corruptions laws, was one of the biggest improvers this year, TI said.
1. Somalia and North Korea
2. Afghanistan
3. Sudan
4. South Sudan
5. Angola
6. Libya
7. Iraq
8. Venezuela
9. Guinea-Bissau
10. Haiti
1. Denmark
2. Finland
3. Sweden
4. New Zealand
5. Netherlands
6. Norway
7. Switzerland
8. Singapore
9. Canada
10. Luxembourg and UK
Source: Transparency International

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Opposition MPs began blowing on whistles a few seconds into President Uhuru Kenyatta's speech.
They had earlier vowed to disrupt proceedings to protest at the government's failure to address "deep-rooted corruption" in Kenya.
Seven MPs were removed and the address was delayed by half an hour.
The speaker of the house, Justin Muturi, described the commotion as a "gross disorder" and ordered that the troublemakers be forcefully ejected as they were ignoring his commands to stop whistling.
The BBC's Wanyama wa Chebusiri in the capital, Nairobi, says the annual address to parliament is an important state occasion and is a chance to set out the government's plans for the next year.
The whistling affair is big embarrassment for the president as diplomats also attend the event, our correspondent says.
Corruption is the biggest social-economic headache currently facing Mr Kenyatta administration, he says.
On a recent visit to Israel, President Kenyatta himself acknowledged the problem, saying Kenyans were "experienced in stealing".
When he was able to start his speech, the president spoke of his government's commitment to fight graft and said that he expected economic growth to hit the 6% mark this year.
He added that security would be beefed up given the threats Kenya faced from the Somalia-based al-Shabab group, which has launched several deadly attacks on the East Africa nation.
Kenyans are very active on Twitter and the hashtag #SON2016 is trending, debating rights and wrongs of the incident.
Using the same hashtag, the president's official account tweeted: "Criticism without alternative is reckless sport".
Kenya was ranked 139 out of 168 countries last year on Transparency International's global corruption perceptions index -  where first place is perceived to be the least corrupt nation.
A recent survey by Kenya's anti-corruption commission suggested that nearly 75% of the population thought there was a very high level of corruption in the country.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Just over a year after breaking her spine, Scottish skier Charlie Guest has made it into the list of the world's top 100.

In November 2014, Charlie was training in Sweden when she lost control of her skis, veering off course into the forest and landing on a boulder.
After a year of rehabilitation, she is back in Austria training.
Following a race on Sunday, she has now been launched up the rankings for alpine slalom skiing to number 84.
Charlie, who has skied since she was seven, fought hard to get back in the game, and managed to make it to the world skiing championships just 11 weeks after the crash.
And last Sunday, when competing in a race in Austria, she achieved a result that has pushed her into the top 100 skiers in her category in the world.
Back home in Perth this week, she said: "It's been a turbulent journey. I've had a lot of ups and downs over the last year.
"After making it to world championships, I had a good few races back in Europe and I made loads of personal bests.
"But by the time we got to March, I had more back problems than I'd ever had before.
"It wasn't happening that well for me."
Charlie said that before her accident, making it into the top 100 was still her goal and now - just over a year later - she's delighted to have made that happen.
"We've come out this season with everything we were looking to get," she said.
"It's quite rewarding to have that after after a long periods of constant rehab and recovery and things going wrong."
She added: "We knew what kind of result I'd need to be able to get into the top 100.
"On Sunday, I had a race in Austria that I won by 1.4 seconds or something like that. Immediately we knew that that was going to be a good enough result to get me into the top 100.
"I was number 84 and it was really cool to see that next to your name.
"There's still a lot more work I want to do - I want to be number one in the world.
"Everything was really worth it in the end."

17 February 2017 Last updated at 10:11 GMT
He's got his sights set now on the Winter Olympics in 2018 where he'll be hoping to grab a medal.
While he was at the Newsround studios he gave his top three tips for getting into the sport.


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Question: A rider who was killed in a crash during the pre-TT races died of "massive blunt force trauma", an Isle of Man inquest has been told.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Dean Martin, 58, from Santon, died in a crash on the Billown course in the 850cc classic practice on 27 May.
Inquiries surrounding the self-employed communications manager's death are continuing.
Coroner John Needham also opened inquests into deaths of two TT visitors at Douglas Court House earlier.
Shaun Watkinson, 55, a Project Manager from Bolton, died in a crash on 2 June.
Police said Mr Watkinson was riding his BMW motorbike when it crashed with a Citroen car on the A18 Mountain Road at about 06:45 BST.
Coroner Needham said the cause of death was "massive blunt force trauma".
Frank Robinson, 67, a managing director from Hull, died in a crash on 3 June.
Mr Robinson, who ran 5-Ways Motorcycles, died when his Triumph motorcycle crashed with a Suzuki motorcycle on the A1 near Tynwald Hill in St John's at about 17:30 BST.
Coroner John Needham said Mr Robinson, who had visited the TT for more than 50 years, died from chest injuries.
All inquests have been adjourned until a date to be fixed.

Michael Peter Blanchard, 67, was flying solo when he is believed to have lost control and crashed into a tree.
The retired management consultant, of Pwllglas, near Ruthin, arrived in Kathmandu on 21 January.
The accident occurred the following day in the picturesque Pokhara district, about 120 miles from the capital.
He was rushed to the Metro City Hospital in Pokhara where he died the same day. He was identified by his passport.
At a brief hearing in Ruthin, John Gittins, the coroner for north Wales east and central, said a post-mortem examination carried out in Nepal found the cause of death to be "blunt force injuries to the head and pelvis".
The British Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association is carrying out an investigation.
The inquest was adjourned to a full hearing later in the year.


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Question: Friends and justice campaigners have been remembering the murdered student Guilio Regeni in a series of events a year after his disappearance.

Mr Regeni, 28, was in Egypt conducting postgraduate research into trade unions when he went missing in January 2016.
His body was found in a ditch on the outskirts of Cairo nine days later. He had been abducted and tortured.
There were events in 12 cities, including the European Parliament building in Brussels.
Italian national Mr Regeni, a PhD student at the department of politics and international studies at the University of Cambridge, was a visiting scholar at the American University in Cairo when he disappeared.
Labour MEP for the East of England, Alex Mayer, led a demonstration in the European Parliament buildings in Brussels earlier.
"This was a crime that resonated not only across Cambridgeshire, but also Italy and the whole of Europe," she said.
"One year on, we still don't know the full truth of what happened to Guilio. His family and friends deserve to know.
"Guilio's murder also raises wider questions about academic freedom. Academics need protection for democracy to flourish."
Ms Mayer has written to the EU Foreign Affairs chief calling for a new strategy to assist academics studying in potentially dangerous countries.
In Cambridge, fellow students also took to the streets to remember their friend ahead of an evening chapel service in Girton College.
Mr Regeni's own bicycle was decorated and ridden through the city in the pre-planned event.
Colleague Chris Hope said: "We just want to show support to Guilio's family - and to show that we care."
Events also took place in Rome, Oxford, Washington DC and New Mexico where Mr Regeni attended high school.
Further events are planned in the coming days.

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The bodies of Nicola Fellows and Karen Hadaway, both aged nine, were discovered in bushes in Wild Park, Brighton, a day after they went missing on 9 October 1986.
The suspect cannot be named for legal reasons. The arrest was made after new evidence emerged.
The girls had been sexually assaulted and strangled.
They were found after a search by scores of police, relatives and friends.
On the 20th anniversary of the girls' deaths, their families and supporters took part in a march to mark the milestone, holding teddy bears and single roses.


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Question: Police are treating the stabbing of a teenager in Glasgow as attempted murder.

The 16-year-old victim suffered serious injuries after being attacked in a lane next to Bannerman High School in Baillieston at about 22:30 on Friday.
He had been approached by a young man as he walked through the lane towards Glasgow Road.
Police said he was stabbed following an altercation with the suspect.
The suspect, who was with a young woman, ran off in an unknown direction.
The victim managed to make his way to Maxwell Avenue where an ambulance was called. He was taken to the Glasgow Royal Infirmary where he remains "serious but stable".
The suspect is described as about 18 years old. He was wearing a dark hooded jumper and dark jogging bottoms.
Det Sgt Willie Downie, from Shettleston CID, said: "This teenage boy could have lost his life as a result of this brutal attack and it is critical that we trace the person responsible as soon as possible.
"The surrounding area is popular with groups of youths and I would appeal to anyone who was there around the time of the incident to get in touch.
"In particular I would like to speak to the young woman who was in the company of the suspect as I believe she may have tried to break up the altercation.
"Somebody must know something and anyone with information is asked to contact Shettleston CID on 101.
"Alternatively you can call Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111 where details can be given in confidence."

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The 40-year-old victim was assaulted in Times Square at about 01:15 BST. Northumbria Police said the attacker left the scene before officers arrived.
In a second, unrelated street attack, a 33-year-old man was stabbed outside Lloyds bank at Haymarket Metro station at about midnight.
Police said his injuries were serious but not life threatening.
Three people have been arrested in connection with the stabbing and remain in police custody.


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Question: Reports from the southern Afghan province of Helmand suggest Taliban militants are close to overrunning the strategically important town of Sangin.

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Helmand's governor, Mirza Khan Rahimi, insisted the authorities were still in control but his own deputy said that Sangin had been overrun.
The Taliban said they controlled most of the town and the main administrative building had been abandoned.
In the east, a Taliban attack near Bagram killed six US soldiers.
It was one of the deadliest attacks on foreign forces in Afghanistan this year.
Some 12,000 foreign soldiers are deployed as part of the Nato-led Resolute Support international coalition, which is meant to underpin Afghanistan's own security forces.
The battle for Sangin comes a little over a year after the end of UK combat operations in Afghanistan, in which at least 450 soldiers were killed.
During its deployment in Helmand, the British military suffered its heaviest losses in Sangin.
Governor Rahimi gave a news conference in Helmand's provincial capital, Lashkar Gah, after his deputy, Mohammad Jan Rasulyar, said Sangin had been overrun by the Taliban late on Sunday.
Fierce gun battles were going on between the Taliban and the Afghan security forces, Mr Rahimi was quoted as saying on Afghan TV, and the government had sent back-up forces.
But Mr Rasulyar had told AFP news agency: "The Taliban have captured the police headquarters, the governor's office as well as the intelligence agency building in Sangin."
Quoted separately by the Associated Press, Mr Rasulyar said casualties among Afghan security forces were high, without giving figures. Only some army facilities had not been taken, he added.
Sangin was once the centre of operations for international forces in Afghanistan, a key district that linked Lashkar Gah, the capital of Helmand province, to the province's northern districts.
Regaining full control of Sangin would increase the Taliban's mobility in parts of northern Helmand and cut a key supply line for Afghan forces with Lashkar Gah. Sangin is also a rich opium production centre - meaning potential tax revenue for the Taliban from the drugs trade.
The big question now is whether the Taliban can maintain their recent territorial gains in the district. Keeping control of the centre of Sangin will not be easy, but resentment of government troops is high in the district following military operations earlier this year which locals say wrought unwarranted destruction to property.
If the government wants to wrest total control of the area from the militants, they should look to win hearts and minds - a strategy once trumpeted by the foreign forces which controlled this part of the country.
Read more on why Sangin matters
Police officers and soldiers inside the Sangin police headquarters had appeared to be still holding out as of Monday morning.
The district police commander, Mohammad Dawood, told the BBC the Taliban had completely cut the facility off from the rest of the province, and food and weapons supplies were running low.
"For the past two days we have been surrounded inside the police headquarters," he said.
"No one can move out because the checkpoints along the roads are gone. The roads between the district and Lashkar Gah and other districts are closed. We also have a number of injured troops and bodies here. In the last two days the fighting has been very heavy."
Mr Dawood added that, over the past month, security forces in the district had sustained 365 casualties, both dead and injured.
Meanwhile, reports say the Taliban are also close to overrunning the neighbouring district of Gereshk.
The head of Helmand's provincial council, Muhammad Kareem Atal, was quoted by AP as saying that "around 65%" of Helmand was now under Taliban control.
In September, the Taliban briefly overran the northern city of Kunduz in one of their biggest victories in 14 years of war.
The attack at Bagram, the biggest US military facility in Afghanistan, happened at around 13:30 local time (09:00 GMT).
A bomber mounted on a motorcycle reportedly attacked a patrol in a village near Bagram.
US officials identified the six dead soldiers as Americans, and said another two had been wounded along with one Afghan.
The Taliban said it had carried out the attack in statements to media.
In the Afghan capital Kabul, a US woman was killed at a gym, with her suspected attacker, a mullah, arrested. The woman was named as Lisa Akbari.

The incident is the deadliest single attack on foreign troops in a month. Nato initially confirmed the deaths but declined to disclose the nationalities.
Earlier, a Nato helicopter crashed in eastern Afghanistan, killing one soldier, officials said.
Almost 200 foreign troops have been killed by militants in Afghanistan so far this year.
Tafsir Khogyani, commander of the border police for southern Afghanistan, told the BBC's Bilal Sarwary in Kabul: "According to our initial information,  Coalition and Afghan police went to destroy a Taliban container which had some explosives and weapons. As soon as the helicopter landed and other Isaf forces were patrolling, the explosion took place.
"It took place in Shorabak district 19km (12 miles) from the Pakistani border."
Shorabak district lies between the districts of Registan and Spin Boldak.
Spin Boldak police chief Gen Abdul Raziq told the BBC that insurgents had been cleared from the area only two months ago.
Meanwhile, Nato-led forces say they have pushed back Taliban fighters in a district in the eastern province of Nuristan.
Local officials said up to 500 insurgents seized the district of Doab on Wednesday.
The international security mission disputes the account given by local leaders. "At no point was the district centre overrun, the Taliban were never in control," said Isaf spokesman Maj Tim James.
Afghan and Nato troops arrived in the district on Wednesday afternoon and carried out a number of air strikes, he said.
"The area remains calm with Afghan and Nato troops very much in control," added Maj James.
It is very hard to confirm Nato's claims or how far their control extends in the district. The provincial governor says nearly 30 insurgents were killed on Wednesday - but questions remain over the whereabouts of hundreds of others.
Our correspondent says the mountainous area has many hiding places.
Officials in Nuristan have been warning for more than a year that the government and Nato should do more to counter the militant threat in the area, he adds.


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Question: A man who raped a sleeping woman at a house party while her baby slept in a cot beside her has been jailed.

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The woman had gone to bed after being affected by drink and drugs on 8 March 2014 then woke up and found Carl Heald raping her.
Heald, 33, of Tithebarn Road in Stockton, claimed she consented but he was found guilty of rape after a trial at Teesside Crown Court.
He was jailed for five years and placed on the sex offenders register for life.

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Stuart Brownhill, 59, was found to be absent during an early morning roll-call at North Sea Camp prison, near Boston, at 05:00 BST on Friday.
Lincolnshire Police said he was found on Saturday morning.
Brownhill murdered Lynne Taylor while her 11-year-old son slept in her home in Werneth, Oldham, in 1984.
He was jailed for life at Manchester Crown Court the following year.
Brownhill met Ms Taylor on a night out and later set fire to her home.
He admitted he strangled Ms Taylor after trying to rape her and knew the boy was asleep in the property when he started the fire.


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Question: Notts County Ladies and England goalkeeper Carly Telford will be out for up to three months after tearing a ligament in her ankle.

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The 28-year-old picked up the injury in Notts' 2-1 win against Doncaster Rovers Belles on 26 June.
An MRI scan revealed a lateral ankle ligament tear as well as a partial tear of the medial ligament.
Telford, who has won seven caps for her country, is due to undergo ankle surgery on Monday.

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Kent, 21, will have an operation after rupturing ankle ligaments in the League Two defeat at Accrington on Saturday.
Johnstone, 27, has had surgery to repair a tear in his knee cartilage.
Defender Tom Eastman, 25, will also be out for several weeks with torn ankle ligaments, but he is expected to return before the end of the season.