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Question: Trade talks, tense affairs at the best of times, often get particularly sticky when it comes to food.

When the UK starts to negotiate new trade deals as it leaves the EU in 2019, food will be one of many areas that will need to be addressed.
The ongoing spat over chlorine chicken highlights how tastes and safety practices around the world can differ hugely.
What might seem normal practice in one country can seem problematic elsewhere.
In the US, it is legal to wash chicken carcasses in chlorinated water to kill germs - but this has been banned in the EU since 1997.
UK Environment Secretary Michael Gove has said the UK should not allow these imports in a post-Brexit trade deal with the US, but Trade Secretary Liam Fox says the practice is "perfectly safe".
Anthony Scaramucci, US president Donald Trump's new communications director, told BBC Newsnight that there would "100%" be a trade deal between his country and the UK - although he confessed he had no idea what was happening about chlorinated chicken.
Here are five occasions when spats over food have made past trade talks tricky.
For more than 80 years, the US refused to import Mexican avocados on the grounds that the fruit was infested with fruit flies and other bugs.
After the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta) in 1994, the US came under pressure to relax its ban, rather than rely on its pricier home-grown avocados.
"Avocados are always used as a pawn in the trading process. Whenever the United States talks to Mexico about opening up other agricultural commodities to US growers... it always comes back to avocados," Jerome Steyhle, who chairs the California Avocado Growers Commission, told the BBC in 2003.
In 1997, the restrictions started to be lifted, and by 2016 the US was importing 1.7 billion avocados across the border each year, according to marketing group Avocados from Mexico.
But the avocado war could be reignited now that President Trump has threatened to renegotiate Nafta - which he described as "the single worst trade deal ever approved [by the United States]".
Earlier this year, there were reports of several Mexican avocado lorries being turned away at the border following an argument about US potato imports.
One of the best known food-related trade disputes was over hormone-fed beef.
The use of certain growth hormones in cattle rearing is legal in the US.
But in 1988, the EU banned the use of several major growth promotion hormones, which it said posed a potential risk to human health. This was an effective ban on American beef.
A decade later, the World Trade Organization (WTO) ruled the EU's refusal to import US beef was not based on scientific evidence and violated its members' obligations.
However, the trading bloc still wouldn't buy the meat, leading the US to retaliate by levying higher trade tariffs on some of its EU imports.
"American ranchers raise some of the best beef on the planet, but restrictive European Union policies continue to deny EU consumers access to US beef at affordable prices. For several years we have been asking the EU to fix an agreement that is clearly broken, despite its original promise to provide a favourable market for US beef," US Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack said last year.
Several years ago, India blocked the implementation of a 2013 global trade agreement it feared would stop it stockpiling food for the poor.
India refused to back the Trade Facilitation Agreement until it was assured proposed limits to farming subsidies would not affect its $12bn (£9.2bn) food-security programme.
It pays farmers over the odds for grain, some of which it sells to poorer households while the rest is set aside in case of shortages.
The WTO trade agreement simplified customs procedures and was designed to add $1tn to the global economy, and benefit developing countries in particular, so India's defiance was strongly criticised by the global community.
India agreed to lift the veto after WTO members agreed that an arrangement known as a "peace clause" - which protects food stockpiling - would remain valid until the WTO could find a permanent solution.
It was due to expire in 2017, but will now effectively continue indefinitely.
Negotiations on a big trade deal between Japan and the EU began in 2013.
Both sides wanted to slash tariffs on a huge range of goods, to boost trade.
This is a sensitive process because domestic producers tend to be wary of foreign competition.
The Japanese side was particularly keen to boost car sales in Europe, while the EU negotiators wanted to sell more dairy products.
Loosening the dairy rules wasn't such a big deal for hard cheeses such as cheddar and gouda, which are not made in Japan.
But Japanese dairy farmers do make softer cheeses, which proved a roadblock in the final stages of the talks, earlier this year.
After some late night haggling, the EU's Agriculture Commissioner, Phil Hogan, secured a compromise.
The EU would have a yearly quota of 31,000 tonnes for soft cheese exports, in exchange for almost complete market access for hard cheese.
A few days later in Brussels, EU leaders and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe announced the completion of the deal, dubbed "cars for cheese".
After years of negotiations, the EU completed its most ambitious free-trade deal to date: the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (Ceta) with Canada.
But under EU rules, some far-reaching trade agreements require the consent of all 28 EU countries before they can come into force.
To make things even more complicated, in Belgium seven federal, regional and community bodies had to give their approval as well.
Wallonia, the country's French-speaking region, said no.
Politicians in the staunchly socialist region had concerns about the dispute-settlement mechanism in the agreement, along with something else - milk.
Wallonian dairy farmers worried about the impact of free trade on their sales.
A group of them marched outside the European Commission in Brussels to voice their disapproval of Ceta.
Eventually, Belgian political leaders reached a consensus and broke the deadlock, agreeing an addendum to the Canadian deal, which addressed concerns over the rights of farmers and governments.
The European Parliament approved Ceta in February, although it has not come into force yet.

From allegations of keeping its currency artificially low to boost exports to the labelling of some of its firms as a security threat, China's growth has put the relationship between the world's two biggest economies to the test.
And with both President Barack Obama and his challenger Mitt Romney promising to put further pressure on China, the tests are only likely to get tougher.
Add to the mix the fact that China is also set for a once-in-a-decade leadership change over the next few days. Its new leaders will be keen to stamp their authority not just on the domestic front, but also on the global stage.
This could potentially see both sides taking hardline stands on a range of trade issues which have been the focus of debate between them in recent times:


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Question: A cyclist has been taken to hospital with "life-threatening injuries" following a collision with a vehicle in Caerphilly county.

The crash happened on Commercial Road, Pengam, at 05:25 BST on Friday.
Gwent Police said the man was taken to Cardiff's University Hospital of Wales.
A 40-year-old man from Pengam was arrested on suspicion of causing serious injury by dangerous driving and has been released on police bail.

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He was taken to Princess Royal Hospital in Telford, Shropshire, following the incident at 13:15 BST on Saturday on the A470 between Caersws and Carno.
The Welsh Ambulance Service said the boy had "non-life threatening injuries" following his fall from the Rolls Royce limousine.
He was released from hospital on Sunday afternoon.


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Question: South Wales Police is facing criticism for failing a woman whose partner attacked her with a claw hammer, despite warnings from the victim.

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The attack on Charmaine Lewis came after she had been taken home by officers from a Cardiff police station.
Registered sex offender Christopher Veal broke down a door as soon as she arrived back - beating her savagely in front of her two children.
BBC Wales understands three complaints will be upheld by a police watchdog.
The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) is due to publish its full findings on Wednesday.
Veal, who was already on licence from prison after being convicted of rape, was arrested and charged with inflicting grievous bodily harm with intent on Ms Lewis.
She sustained serious injuries, including broken ribs and lost teeth, and was hospitalised following the attack.
Veal hanged himself in Bristol Prison in November 2011, before he could stand trial.
The complaints considered by the IPCC concern Ms Lewis's interactions with police officers over a period of days in late August 2011.
Police officers initially failed to uncover Veal as a sex offender because call-handlers spelt his name incorrectly when Ms Lewis reported an earlier assault, which left her with strangulation marks around her neck and a black eye.
Only later did his identity and background come to light, but this information was not conveyed to officers who were dealing with his victim.
On 29 August 2011, after reporting that she felt threatened by Veal, Ms Lewis was driven home from Fairwater police station by officers to her flat where, a few minutes later, Veal broke in and violently attacked her with a claw hammer.
An officer is facing a disciplinary charge of gross misconduct for his role in the case and the IPCC has issued recommendations for South Wales Police.
The force has also been criticised for failing to mandatorily refer the case to the IPCC.
It was finally referred for investigation in December 2012, after the victim, who had moved to north Wales, sought help from Labour MP for Clwyd South, Susan Elan Jones.
Ms Lewis said: "The front door came crashing in… as I went into the hall he was there with a claw hammer.
"He hit me in the head… stamped on my body and broke my ribs. I was covered in blood - I woke up in hospital.
"He was a very high risk. I trusted the police… they should have kept us in the police station or waited until they had arrested him.
"I want the police punished for what they've done."
Susan Elan Jones said: "Charmaine doesn't want anyone else to go through this sort of dreadful experience that she's been through.
"I think key to that is looking at the training police and other professionals have in dealing with domestic violence. It's very important that these lessons are learnt."
South Wales Police's deputy chief constable, Matt Jukes, said: "It is clear that we did not provide the victim in this case and her children with the care and protection that she needed at a critical time and we are sincerely sorry for that.
"Over recent years we have worked incredibly hard to improve our response to incidents of domestic abuse and whilst this has come too late to support the victim in this case, we have good evidence that it is providing a much improved response to victims of domestic abuse now, helping to keep them safe."

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West Mercia Police admitted failings over its previous dealings with Jamie Reynolds, who was later jailed for hanging 17-year-old Georgia Williams.
The force called in the police watchdog because Jason Conroy allegedly throttled a teacher in March 2013.
He was later jailed for strangling 18-year-old Melissa Mathieson in Bristol.
A spokesman for the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) said: "We received a referral from West Mercia Police in January 2015.
"It concerned the police handling of allegations made against Jason Conroy in connection with an incident in Shropshire in March 2013.
"The IPCC investigation was paused due to the criminal prosecution of Mr Conroy but has now resumed following his convictions."
Reynolds, described in court as having morbid sexual fantasies, tried to strangle a girl in 2008, before going on to hang Georgia five years later.
The force and social services were criticised in a serious case review last week after it emerged they knew about the earlier attack.
A subsequent investigation resulted in misconduct meetings for four officers and a member of police staff.
Reynolds is now serving a rare whole-life term in prison after a judge said he had the potential to become a serial killer.
Conroy allegedly throttled a teacher at a school in Shropshire in March 2013, but it was not reported to police at the time.
A West Mercia Police spokesman said: "Police were made aware of the incident several months later as an officer attended the address for a separate matter."
It is understood the officer advised the victim no action could be taken as a time limit had passed.
Conroy, 18, strangled Melissa Mathieson last year at the Bristol centre where they both lived and was jailed for a minimum of 19 years.
His trial at Bristol Crown Court was told he had indicated as a child he wanted to have sex with a dead woman and he was described as having an "abnormal sexual drive".


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Question: A monumental work by Chinese dissident artist Ai Weiwei will be the heaviest sculpture ever shown at the Royal Academy of Arts.

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The 90-tonne installation, entitled Straight, is made from steel rods from buildings damaged in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.
It forms part of a major retrospective of Ai's work opening at the Academy in London in September.
The show is being mounted in Ai's absence, since he cannot leave China.
Following the Sichuan quake, Ai collected some 200 tonnes of twisted steel rods destined for recycling. They were straightened by hand in his studio in Beijing and returned to the form they would have been in before they were bent by the earthquake.
The resulting artwork is described by the RA as "a sober monument to the victims of the earthquake".
In a statement, Ai said he was "honoured" to have the chance to exhibit at the Royal Academy.
"I'm very happy to be a part of it. This exhibition is my first major survey in London, a city I greatly admire. The selected artworks reflect my practice in recent years, and also include new works made specifically for this show."
Among those new pieces is Remains (2015) - a porcelain work that replicates a group of bones excavated at the site of a labour camp that operated under Communist leader Mao Zedong in the 1950s.
Adrian Locke, co-curator of the exhibition said: "Working with Ai Weiwei has presented us with new challenges but his ability to comprehend space, even without having experienced it first-hand, and the clarity of his vision for the use of that space in relation to his work has been revelatory."
The RA said exhibition was developed in close collaboration with Ai, who "virtually navigated the spaces" from his studio in Beijing.
Ai used a similar method when he helped but together an exhibition of his work at Blenheim Palace last year.
The artist has not been able to leave China since his passport was confiscated four years ago.
An outspoken critic of the Chinese government, Ai was detained for almost three months without charge in 2011. After he was released, he was accused of tax evasion and fined 15m yuan ($2.4m, Â£1.5m).
As part of his bail conditions, the Chinese authorities imposed a foreign travel ban on the artist.
Ai Weiwei at the Royal Academy runs from 19 September - 13 December 2015.

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Artist Spencer Tunick photographed 3,200 people at sites around the city on 9 July for the Sea of Hull project.
The images will go on show at the Ferens Art Gallery, in Hull, as part of a new exhibition called SKIN.
The Sea of Hull was commissioned by the gallery to mark Hull's 2017 UK City of Culture status.
Live updates on this story and others from the Humber region
Participants in the project will be invited to a special preview event attended by Tunick at 18:15 BST before the exhibition opens to the public on Saturday.
Speaking in 2016, Tunick said: "The Sea of Hull installation was one of the most fantastic projects I've ever done, and it was inspiring to be able to intertwine the city's maritime heritage against an urban backdrop throughout the whole piece."
The exhibition will include three of Tunick's photographs that have been bought by the gallery, while the Friends of Ferens Gallery are set to launch a crowd funding bid to buy a fourth.
Hull City Councillor Terry Geraghty said: "This bold and ambitious exhibition is one of the gallery's major highlights for 2017, in addition to the esteemed Turner Prize later this year."
Other artworks going on show at the gallery include works by Lucian Freud and sculptor Ron Mueck.
A preparatory study for Edouard Manet's controversial Le Dejeuner sur l'herbe will also feature in the exhibition, which runs from 22 April to 13 August.


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Question: Research ministers have approved the development of a new rocket for Europe.

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The Ariane 6 will succeed the Ariane 5, which, although highly successful, is now facing stiff competition on price.
The politicians believe industry will find the new vehicle cheaper to construct and to operate.
European Space Agency member states authorised the project at a special council meeting in Luxembourg, where they also agreed funding for the space station and a rover to go to Mars.
All up, the Esa nations came forward with 5.924bn euros in contributions to cover a number of programmes over the next few years.
"I think I can summarise this ministerial council by saying it is a success; I'd even go so far as to say that it is a great success," said agency director-general Jean-Jacques Dordain.
The Ariane 5 has been operating since the mid-1990s and has come to dominate the market for putting up big commercial satellites.
But its position is now under threat from competitor services offering lower prices.  The fear is that the 5's position will be eroded inexorably in the latter half of this decade.
The Ariane 6 concept is seen as the riposte. This vehicle would employ more modern methods of production and a streamlined assembly to try to reduce unit costs.
Moreover, because the rocket's modular design can be tailored to a wide range of satellite and mission types, it should gain further economies from frequent use.
Ministers committed 4bn euros to cover not only the 6's development but also an upgrade to Esa's small Italian-built Vega rocket. In future, these two vehicles will actually share some propulsion elements.
"They will be a true family with the same DNA," said Mr Dordain.
After months - and a final day - of hard bargaining, Europe's two big space powers, France and Germany, came together to push Ariane 6 forward.
France always intended to put up most of the money, but it needed German support financially and programatically.
This it got by fulfilling commitments to the International Space Station, which Germany regards as central to its space endeavours.
The meeting agreed 800 million euros be spent on the ISS and related activities up to 2017 - just 20 million short of what had been asked at the start of the day.
This was achieved in part by the Italians promising to return eventually to funding levels it withdrew from a couple of years ago, and by the UK, which gave a "one-off" payment to the ISS at the last ministerial gathering in 2012, coming up with a further, increased contribution.
The third big issue for the Luxembourg gathering concerned the ExoMars rover, which is due to be sent to the Red Planet in 2018 to search for signs of past or present life.
It is a project with a troubled history that has come within a breath of being cancelled on more than one occasion.
Its persistent woe has been a shortfall in the money needed to carry the venture through to completion. This gap is on the order of 200 million euros. Ministers could only promise 140 million euros in Luxembourg, even after the UK and Italy, the "champions of ExoMars", upped their participation. But Mr Dordain told reporters the sum was enough for now to keep the mission on track.
"It means I can sign industrial contracts next year," he explained.
Other programmes to be approved at the meeting included the next phase of Sentinel-6, a future satellite for the EU to measure the shape of the oceans; and "AnySat", which is a concept for small, adaptable telecommunications spacecraft.

Here we share some images of the airport, whose expansion began after World War Two.


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Question: Michael van Gerwen came from 7-2 down in a dramatic final to beat Peter Wright at London's O2 Arena and win his third Premier League title.

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The Dutchman took home the £250,000 top prize by beating Wright 11-10 after the Scot missed six match darts.
Van Gerwen beat Gary Anderson 10-7 in the first semi-final while Wright survived a late Phil Taylor comeback to win 10-9 and go through.
It is the second time in as many years that Van Gerwen has won the title.
The victory means he has won all but one of the four televised Professional Darts Corporation majors of 2017, after he missed the UK Open through injury.
After Wright took a five-leg lead, Van Gerwen, 28, came back to level at 8-8 before the Scot rallied and came within one leg of victory at 10-9.
But he missed half a dozen darts for the title on double eight as Van Gerwen sealed victory with a nerveless 12-dart visit against a deflated Wright.
Speaking to Sky Sports, Van Gerwen said: "I think it was a great final. I had a great comeback, but then he missed six darts for the match. I don't know how he did, but who cares, a win is a win.
"This was a really crazy game, we know sooner or later Peter will win a really big title, he didn't do himself any favours today. I kept myself cool and relaxed."
Wright, 47, who won the UK Open in March after Van Gerwen pulled out of the tournament with a back problem, said: "I've got to learn, go back to the practice board and get him next time.
"What I've learnt over the years playing Michael, I used to rush it, but I've learnt play your own rhythm.
"I can't believe I missed that many darts at a double, but fair play to the champion."

Media playback is not supported on this device
Taylor, who beat world number one Van Gerwen 11-5 in the final of the inaugural event in Cardiff in 2016, won a 16th World Matchplay title on Sunday.
The pair will be alongside Adrian Lewis and Raymond van Barneveld in Group A.
Group B consists of Gary Anderson, Peter Wright, Dave Chisnall and Austria's Mensur Suljovic.
The eight-man field will compete for a first prize of £100,000 on 16-17 September, with all sessions of the tournament being broadcast live by the BBC.
Taylor, 56, rose to fourth in the world rankings with his World Matchplay victory, in what was his final appearance in Blackpool before his planned retirement after the 2018 World Championship.


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Question: Third-placed Reading inflicted an eighth defeat in 10 Championship games on struggling Norwich to keep up the pressure on the top two.

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Yann Kermorgant headed Reading ahead but the Canaries equalised after the break through Nelson Oliveira's strike.
With Norwich then on top, Jonny Howson handled on the line and was sent off.
Kermorgant's dinked penalty hit the bar but Garath McCleary scored on the rebound and Callum Harriott's shot sealed victory in injury time.
Under-pressure Norwich boss Alex Neil saw his side have the better of the first half.
But City's failure to deal with set-pieces ultimately cost them and enabled Reading to claim a seventh win in nine matches and move them up to within five points of second-placed Brighton.
Liam Kelly's inviting cross for Kermorgant's goal nine minutes before the break seemed to settle a nervy home side.
Kermorgant missed a glorious chance to make it 2-0 but the Canaries regrouped and Oliveira turned in Jacob Murphy's pull-back for his fourth goal in five games.
However, when Howson saw red for clearing off the line with his arm following a goalmouth scramble, the Royals took control.
McCleary spared Kermorgant's embarrassment to make it 2-1 and a sweet strike from Harriott put the result beyond doubt.
Reading manager Jaap Stam:
"I like to have patience when we have the ball a lot. You don't want to rush things in terms of creating chances.
"Norwich started the game aggressively in going forward, sometimes pressing us one-versus-one all over the pitch.
"We didn't create a lot of chances in the first half and we knew Norwich would press us even more in the second half.
"But after the sending-off and the penalty, it meant that the spaces would open up even more and they did when scored the third."
Norwich City manager Alex Neil:
"My focus is on just trying to win the next game. We need to keep our heads down and keep going.
"There's no relevance to the players having given up and all the rest of this sort of nonsense that comes with the end of a tenure anywhere.
"The fight in me will never go away. I've been a competitor since I started playing and that'll never change. Because it gets a bit tough and you get a couple of kicks in the gut, that doesn't change.
"At times as a manager, you're the best thing since sliced bread. At other times, you're the pantomime villain. That's the simple fact of the matter."
Match ends, Reading 3, Norwich City 1.
Second Half ends, Reading 3, Norwich City 1.
John Swift (Reading) is shown the yellow card.
Corner,  Reading. Conceded by Sebastien Bassong.
Foul by Ryan Bennett (Norwich City).
Yann Kermorgant (Reading) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Goal!  Reading 3, Norwich City 1. Callum Harriott (Reading) left footed shot from the left side of the box to the top left corner. Assisted by John Swift.
Attempt saved. Garath McCleary (Reading) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by Yann Kermorgant with a through ball.
Ivo Pinto (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Yann Kermorgant (Reading).
Substitution, Reading. Callum Harriott replaces Roy Beerens.
Foul by Ryan Bennett (Norwich City).
Yann Kermorgant (Reading) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Cameron Jerome (Norwich City).
Paul McShane (Reading) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Offside, Reading. Liam Moore tries a through ball, but Yann Kermorgant is caught offside.
Attempt missed. Chris Gunter (Reading) left footed shot from the right side of the box misses to the left.
Foul by Alexander Tettey (Norwich City).
John Swift (Reading) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Reading. John Swift replaces Liam Kelly.
Martin Olsson (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Garath McCleary (Reading).
Attempt missed. Liam Kelly (Reading) left footed shot from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left. Assisted by Yann Kermorgant with a headed pass.
Hand ball by Liam Kelly (Reading).
Offside, Norwich City. Ryan Bennett tries a through ball, but Jacob Murphy is caught offside.
Attempt saved. Roy Beerens (Reading) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Danny Williams with a headed pass.
Substitution, Norwich City. Wes Hoolahan replaces Steven Naismith.
Substitution, Norwich City. Cameron Jerome replaces Nélson Oliveira.
Alexander Tettey (Norwich City) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Liam Kelly (Reading).
Steven Naismith (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Chris Gunter (Reading).
Goal!  Reading 2, Norwich City 1. Garath McCleary (Reading) header from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner following a set piece situation.
Penalty missed! Still  Reading 1, Norwich City 1. Yann Kermorgant (Reading) hits the bar with a right footed shot.
Jonny Howson (Norwich City) is shown the red card.
Penalty conceded by Jonny Howson (Norwich City) with a hand ball in the penalty area.
Attempt blocked. Yann Kermorgant (Reading) header from the right side of the box is blocked. Assisted by Liam Kelly with a cross.
Corner,  Reading. Conceded by Ryan Bennett.
Attempt missed. Yann Kermorgant (Reading) right footed shot from the left side of the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Roy Beerens.
Substitution, Reading. George Evans replaces Joey van den Berg.

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Gavin Massey scored the only goal of the game in the 18th minute, side-footing in from Elliot Lee's fine pass.
Visiting keeper Elliot Parish saved on-loan Norwich player Jacob Murphy's penalty shortly before the interval.
A second Easter win for 23rd-placed Colchester moves them within seven points of safety, while Coventry are eight points adrift of the play-offs.
The Sky Blues have now lost nine of their last 13 matches, to plummet from fourth to 10th.


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A chronology of key events:

10th century - Kingdom of Denmark unified and Christianity introduced.
1397 - Union of Kalmar unites Denmark, Sweden and Norway under a single monarch. Denmark is the dominant power.
1729 - Greenland becomes Danish province.
1814 - Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden.
1849 - Denmark becomes constitutional monarchy; two-chamber parliament established.
1914-18 - Denmark is neutral during World War I.
1918 - Universal suffrage comes into effect.
1930s - Welfare state established by governments dominated by social democrats.
1939 - Denmark signs 10-year non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany.
1940 - Nazi invasion meets virtually no initial resistance. Government accepts occupation in exchange for measure of control over domestic affairs.
1943 - A determined campaign by the Danish resistance prompts Germany to take over full control of Danish affairs. Thousands of Danish Jews manage to escape to Sweden.
1945 - Germany surrenders and occupation ends. Denmark recognises Iceland's independence, which had been declared in 1944.
1948 - Faroe Islands granted self-government within the Danish state.
1949 - Denmark joins Nato.
1952 - Denmark becomes founder member of Nordic Council.
1953 - Constitutional change leads to a single-chamber parliament elected by proportional representation; female accession to the Danish throne is permitted; Greenland becomes integral part of Denmark.
1959 - Denmark joins European Free Trade Association.
1972 - King Frederick IX dies and is succeeded by his daughter Margrethe II.
1973 - Denmark joins the European Economic Community.
1979 - Greenland is granted home rule. Denmark retains control over Greenland's foreign affairs and defence.
1982 - Poul Schlueter becomes first Conservative prime minister for almost a century.
Queen Margrethe, known as "Daisy", keeps a low profile
Danish prince marries Australian
1985 - Legislation passed banning construction of nuclear power plants in Denmark.
1992 - Danish voters reject the Maastricht Treaty on further European integration in a referendum.
1993 - Schlueter resigns after being accused of lying over a scandal involving Tamil refugees; social democrat Poul Nyrup Rasmussen becomes prime minister.
Danes approve the Maastricht Treaty after Denmark is granted certain opt-outs.
1994 - Poul Nyrup Rasmussen returned to power in general election.
1998 - Poul Nyrup Rasmussen again returned to power.
2000 - Danes reject adoption of the euro as their national currency by 53% to 47%.
New bridge and tunnel link Copenhagen with Malmo in southern Sweden. The new road and rail link makes it possible to travel between the two countries in just 15 minutes.
2001 November - Elections put right-wing coalition led by Anders Fogh Rasmussen into government. Rasmussen campaigned on a pledge to tighten immigration rules and put lid on taxes. The election saw the far-right Danish People's Party win 22 seats and become the third largest party in parliament.
2002 February - New government measures aimed at reducing immigration spark controversy.
2004 August - US and Denmark sign deal to modernise Thule air base on Greenland.
2005 February - Liberal Party leader Anders Fogh Rasmussen wins second term as prime minister in coalition with Conservative Party. Far-right People's Party strengthens presence in parliament by two seats.
2005 July - Diplomatic dispute flares up with Canada over the disputed tiny island of Hans in the Arctic.
2006 January - February - Cartoon depictions of the Muslim prophet Muhammad, published by a Danish newspaper in 2005, spark belated mass protests among Muslims in a number of countries as well as unofficial boycotts of Danish goods.
2007 February - Government says Denmark's 470 ground troops will leave Iraq by the end of August. Denmark was one of the original coalition countries to take part in the 2003 invasion.
2007 November - Government of Prime Minister Fogh Rasmussen wins third term after early elections.
2008 February - Police uncover a plot to kill one of the cartoonists whose depictions of Muhammad sparked outrage across the Muslim world in 2005. Major papers reprint one of the cartoons, prompting some protests.
2008 November - Greenland referendum approves plans to seek more autonomy from Denmark and a greater share of oil revenues off the island's coast.
2009 April - Finance Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen takes over as prime minister and acting Liberal Party leader on the resignation of Anders Fogh Rasmussen, who had been elected NATO secretary-general.
2009 July - Denmark plans to set up an Arctic military command and task force because the melting ice cap is opening access to Greenland and the Faroe Islands.
2009 December - Denmark hosts UN climate change summit. Great hopes are invested in the Copenhagen summit but it ends without a legally binding global treaty being agreed.
2010 January - A Somali man is charged with trying to kill the Danish artist whose drawing of the Muslim prophet Muhammad in 2005 sparked riots around the world.
2010 December - Three men are charged with planning to attack the offices of a newspaper which printed cartoons of the Muslim prophet Muhammad. A fourth is released and a fifth is held in Sweden.
2011 February - Denmark approves underwater tunnel from Lolland island to the German island of Fehmarn, at a cost of $5.9bn. It will be built in 2014-2020 and speed up transport links between Scandinavia and continental Europe.
Somali man Mohamed Geele is found guilty of attempted murder and terrorism over trying to kill Muhammad cartoonist Kurt Westergaard.
2011 July - Denmark reimposes border controls in bid to curb illegal immigration. Many question the legality of the move under the 1995 Schengen agreement, which abolished internal borders within much of western Europe.
2011 September - Social Democrat Helle Thorning-Schmidt became Denmark's first female prime minister after her left-leaning alliance secured a narrow majority at parliamentary elections.
2012 June - Same-sex marriage legalised.
2013 April - Schools shut for a month because of an industrial dispute involving teachers' unions.
2014 January - The small Socialist People's Party quits the ruling coalition following splits over plans to sell off a stake in state-controlled Dong Energy to investment bank Goldman Sachs and others.
2014 May - The anti-immigration Danish People's Party wins European election with four seats and nearly 27% of the vote.
2014 December - Denmark submits a claim to territory around the North Pole to a United Nations panel gathering evidence to determine control of the region.
2015 February - Islamist Omar El-Hussein shoots dead a film-maker at a free-speech debate and then a synagogue guard, before being killed by police. Security service faces criticism over its anti-extremist strategy.
2015 June - Lars Lokke Rasmussen returns as prime minister at the head of a Venstre (Liberal) minority government after right-wing parties defeat the centre-left coalition of Helle Thorning-Schmidt.
2016 January - Asylum seekers must surrender cash or valuables worth more than 1,340 euros (Â£1,000; $1,450) to cover housing and food costs. Government says this is in line with rules for Danes seeking benefits, amid Europe-wide tension over mounting Middle East migrant crisis.

A selection of photos from across the African continent this week:


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: James Keatings says he woke up the day after the worst night of his career with fresh determination to end the season as a Hibernian hero.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence:

The striker's two goals on Friday were not enough to prevent Falkirk progressing to the play-off final.
But Hibs have the chance on Saturday, against Rangers, to end their 114-year wait to lift the Scottish Cup.
"I've got one more chance now to make all these fans and everyone associated with the club very happy," he said.
"We are lucky. Obviously that could have been the last game of the season and had all summer to think about that game.
"Whereas we have one more game to make it right. We can go to Hampden and become heroes by winning that cup."
Losing to Falkirk means Hibs, who also lost the League Cup final to Ross County, miss out on promotion for the second season running.
"It was the worst of my career so far," said 24-year-old Keatings. "That third goal that went in for Falkirk just took the wind away from us.
"Myself personally, I felt totally gutted, totally deflated. I sat on the bench and watched them celebrating.
"That night, I sat up until four o'clock in the morning going over the game in my head. It was just frying my brain."
However, family time left Keatings refreshed and raring to put things right against a Rangers team who beat Hibs to the Championship title.
"We have won the two at home and they have won their two and they won the Petrofac Training Cup game at the start of the season," he said.
"We know how to play against them, we know they are a good team and respect them, but hopefully we can put our game-plan together and do it as a team."
The defeat by Falkirk also denied Keatings the rare accolade of helping three teams to promotion from the Championship in consecutive seasons.
Two seasons ago, he helped Hamilton Academical relegate Hibs by defeating them in the play-off then last season he was wearing the maroon of Hearts as they beat his present club, their city rivals, and Rangers to the Championship title.
"If you look back at Hamilton, I never thought I would end up two years on at Hibs and still trying to get out of the Championship," said Keatings.
"I knew I was going to get a lot of stick for joining Hearts' city rivals. I was warned about it, but at that point I was talking to a few clubs and it was about doing what was best for me.
"It was a surprise to leave Hearts as I had a good season there and scored a few goals and gave my all.
"It was a mutual agreement because I was not going to feature as much as I wanted and I thought it was best for my career.
"It was my time to move on and, when I spoke to the manager here, it was a great opportunity for me - and, 12 months on, I am looking forward to a cup final."

Rob Maclean continues his series assessing the main talking points from the weekend's Scottish football action.
They might have wanted to take their time to ensure they made the right decision but, on the evidence of Sunday's defeat by Dundee, they don't have that luxury.
The season could unravel for Rangers if they're not careful. Aberdeen are taking an increasingly strong grip of second place in the Premiership and might already be uncatchable.
Hearts and St Johnstone could be ready to fight it out for third spot and suddenly European qualification would be no shoe-in for Rangers.
There wasn't enough passion in their play against Dundee and too much acceptance of their first defeat at Dens in 25 years. Rangers have to be better than that.
At least Rangers got rid of Joey Barton, who turned Saturday night's Match of the Day into an episode of Men Behaving Badly.
Although the fact remains that they should never have wasted their money on him in the first place.
The Rangers hierarchy must still be embarrassed about that inexplicable bit of business. Just as Barton should cringe at his panto performance for Burnley in their FA Cup exit at the hands of non-league Lincoln.
He dropped to the ground holding his head after the faintest of contact with the outstretched arm of Lincoln striker Matt Rhead.
It was as convincing as his displays in a Rangers shirt.
Kris Doolan is now only three away from a century of Partick Thistle goals. Forty five minutes was all the 30-year-old substitute needed on Saturday to net two headers against Hamilton at Firhill and hoist the Jags back into the Premiership top six.
Nearly a third of his 300-plus appearances for Thistle have come from the bench - which makes his goals per starts ratio mighty impressive - but Doolan tends to score rather than sulk.
A pair of clever headers in the second half won three precious points against Accies after a highlights-free, and Doolan-free, first 45.
The former Auchinleck Talbot striker's goals will keep top flight football at Firhill.
If you were ever in any doubt about how much Neil Lennon wants to lead Hibs back to the top tier of Scottish football, you only had to listen to his after-match rant on Saturday.
It wasn't just what he said but how he said it after his team blew their chance of opening up a nine-point gap at the top of the Championship.
Lennon said his players were a disgrace for the first hour of their 1-1 draw with Raith Rovers in Kirkcaldy. I'd love to have heard the dressing room version of his post-game comments.
He knows he's in the process of kick-starting his own management career as well as taking Hibs back to where they reckon they belong.
Ayr United's Championship survival hopes must have taken a big boost from their unbeaten February so far.
They kicked off the month by drawing with leaders Hibs at Easter Road, then reached the Scottish Cup quarter finals with the last ditch extra-time defeat of Clyde in a replay at Broadwood.
On Saturday, Ian McCall's team were a red-carded player short and two goals down at Dumbarton after 90 minutes had come and gone.
To rescue a point under those circumstances, scoring twice in stoppage time, was almost unbelievable.
There's still work to be done for Ayr to avoid relegation but to show that sort of staying power must do wonders for belief.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: In the aftermath of Scotland voting to stay within the UK, David Cameron has said a "decisive answer" is now needed to the so-called "English Question".

This is the longstanding issue of whether MPs with seats in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales should continue to be allowed to vote on legislation and other matters at Westminster that will only affect people in England.
Sounds familiar. Didn't it used to be called something else?
Yes, it used to be known as the "West Lothian Question".
The phrase was actually coined by Enoch Powell, the former Conservative minister and Ulster Unionist MP.
But the issue is most closely associated with Labour MP Tam Dalyell, who in 1977 highlighted what he saw as a dilemma caused by devolution - that Scottish MPs would carry on voting on English issues but English MPs wouldn't have a say on matters in Scotland.
So why has it taken so long for anyone to try to find an answer?
If you've ever read 1066 and All That, you'll know that William Gladstone spent years trying to guess the answer to the Irish Question only to find that whenever he got close the question changed.
To be fair the English Question has never really changed, but no one can agree on the answer.
Some people have argued that there should be an English Parliament. That isn't what the prime minister is talking about. He wants to see changes in how the existing Westminster Parliament does its business.
It is not the first time someone's tried to work out a solution to this question.
In 2008, a committee chaired by the former Conservative Chancellor, Kenneth Clarke, shied away from banning MPs from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland from voting on English matters.
Instead the group proposed changes to parliamentary procedure so that only English MPs would be able to make changes to legislation that only affected people in England. But all MPs would be able to take part in the final vote.
Last year the McKay Commission, chaired by a former Commons Clerk, Sir William McKay, proposed that the Commons should accept that decisions affecting England should normally only be taken if a majority of English MPs agreed.
But the Commission rejected the idea that MPs from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, should be banned from voting on legislation because it thought this would create different classes of MP.
What do the different parties think of all this?
David Cameron has made it clear he wants a decisive answer to the English Question. Plenty of Conservatives have made it clear they favour a system of English votes for English laws.
In other words a solution that builds on and perhaps goes further than the proposals from Kenneth Clarke and Sir William McKay.
It's much more difficult for Labour. The party's chances of getting a majority at Westminster could rest on its Scottish MPs. A solution that prevents MPs from outside England voting on certain issues could make life very difficult for a future Labour government.
Labour has described Mr Cameron's plan as a "knee-jerk reaction".
The Liberal Democrat leader, Nick Clegg, says it would be "unfair" to leave Westminster out of what he calls the "rewiring" of the British constitution.
But earlier this week, the Lib Dem Treasury Minister Danny Alexander said taking away the voting rights of Scottish MPs wasn't part of the agenda and wasn't going to happen.

Thursday's referendum saw Scotland, London and Northern Ireland vote in favour of Remain - while England and Wales backed Brexit.
Ms Sturgeon said it was "democratically unacceptable" that Scotland faced being taken out of the EU against its will.
And she said a second independence referendum was "highly likely".
Scotland voted in favour of the UK staying in the EU by 62% to 38%, but the UK as a whole voted to leave by a margin of 52% to 48%.
The result saw Prime Minister David Cameron announce he would stand down by October.
Hundreds of people protested against the EU result in Glasgow and Edinburgh on Friday evening.
Ms Sturgeon said there was now a "significant divergence" between Scotland and the rest of Britain which she "deeply regretted".
She said the meeting of the Scottish cabinet on Saturday morning would "discuss our next steps in more detail".
And she said the Scottish government was to begin preparing legislation to enable another independence vote.
Ms Sturgeon has said she has "clear common cause" with London Mayor Sadiq Khan, who wants London to remain in the EU despite the Brexit vote.
But she has stressed that her priority was to "act at all times in the best interests of Scotland and in a way that unites, not divides us".
It looks "highly likely", says Nicola Sturgeon, that there will now be a second referendum upon Scottish independence.
Is she enthused by this prospect? Does she thrill at the notion? Is she buffing up her best lines from 2014? The answers to those questions would be no, no and, once again, no.
To be clear, for the avoidance of any doubt, Nicola Sturgeon remains rather keen on the concept of Scottish independence. Indeed, she yearns for it.
She knows that means another referendum at some point in the future. But not now. Not in these circumstances. Not in these troubled times.
Read more of Brian's blog
Opposition leaders at Holyrood - who all backed Remain ahead of the referendum - shared Ms Sturgeon's disappointment at the result.
But both Ruth Davidson of the Conservatives and Scottish Labour's Kezia Dugdale said it did not justify holding another independence referendum.
Ms Davidson said an independence vote would not help the country achieve stability, and was not in the best interests of the people of Scotland.
She added: "The 1.6 million votes cast in this referendum in favour of remain do not wipe away the two million votes that we cast less than two years ago.
"And we do not address the challenges of leaving the European Union by leaving our own Union of nations, our biggest market and our closest friends.
"I believe in Scotland's place within the United Kingdom today as much as ever."
BBC Scotland took to the streets of towns and cities across the country to find out what people feel about the decision to leave the EU.
Ms Dugdale said she and Ms Sturgeon had "profound disagreements", about the constitutional future of Scotland, but said she stood ready to work with the first minister in the best interests of the people of Scotland.
She added: "Now is the time for calm heads. Labour's manifesto ruled out a second referendum in the lifetime of this parliament - we won't be changing our minds any time soon.
"On the question of independence, many of the fundamental questions that were unresolved and unanswered in 2014, remain so. Not least the question of currency. What we don't need today is more turmoil, more upheaval and more economic chaos."
The Scottish Greens, who support independence, have launched an online petition calling on Holyrood to "examine and exhaust every option for continuing Scotland's close ties with Europe".


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: The new Italy manager Giampiero Ventura says Liverpool striker Mario Balotelli is "at a crossroads" in his career.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Balotelli has 33 caps for his country but was left out of Italy's Euro 2016 squad after a disappointing season on loan at AC Milan.
The striker scored three goals in 23 games at the San Siro last season and Liverpool manager Jurgen Klopp has told the 25-year-old to find a new club.
"In terms of his character, he could do much better," Ventura said.
"The fact he's not playing at Milan, that Liverpool have abandoned him, means that he is at a crossroads.
"The few times that Balotelli has really wanted to be a footballer, he has shown his quality. I have no prejudice, but his football must do the talking."
Ventura, who takes over from new Chelsea manager Antonio Conte, also said that players who move to 'lesser leagues' risk damaging their international careers, after Southampton striker Graziano Pelle joined Chinese Super League side Shandong Luneng.
Ventura said: "Players need to have a desire to win, going to a lesser league doesn't help in that regard.
"As for Pelle, apart from his missed penalty (in the Euro 2016 quarter-final defeat to Germany), he had a positive campaign. But China is far away. Let's see why he moved."

The ex-Southampton forward, who now plays in China, was substituted by Giampiero Ventura in the 1-1 draw against Spain on Thursday.
But he walked past Ventura and ignored his outstretched hand as he made his way off the pitch for Ciro Immobile.
Italy were 1-0 down at the time.
"Being part of the national team begins with showing respect for the staff, team-mates and fans," read an Italian Football Federation statement.
"The head coach together with the FIGC has decided to exclude Graziano Pelle due to his disrespectful behaviour.
"Players must share the values and assume an attitude which is in keeping with the Azzurra shirt."
The 31-year-old frontman, who joined Chinese Super League side Shandong Luneng in the summer, left the field with Italy trailing following Vitolo's opener, before the hosts equalised through Daniele de Rossi's penalty.
Ventura had said after the game: "I don't think Pelle was angry because of the sub, but maybe because of his performance. I have seen something like that a lot in my career. It belongs in football, but when you wear the Italy shirt, you need to be more careful."


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: A US jury has ordered technology giant Apple to pay more than $234m (Â£152m) in damages for patent infringement.

The Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the patent licensing arm of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said the verdict was important to guard its inventions from unauthorised use.
The jury had earlier decided that Apple incorporated patented microchip technology into some iPhones and iPads without permission.
Apple said it would appeal.
The company declined to comment further.
The amount was less than the foundation had claimed. It had originally sought as much as $862m.
The sum was lower in part because the judge ruled that Apple had not wilfully infringed the patent.
University of Wisconsin-Madison computer sciences professor Gurindar Sohi, one of the inventors of the microchip technology - designed to boost the performance of computer processors - was in the federal court in Madison, Wisconsin, for the decision.
"For Dr Sohi, I hope you felt that your invention was vindicated,'' US District Judge William Conley said.
Carl Gulbrandsen, managing director of the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, said: "This is a case where the hard work of our university researchers and the integrity of patenting and licensing discoveries has prevailed.
"The jury recognised the seminal computer processing work that took place on our campus.''
The case relates to use of the technology in the iPhone 5s, 6 and 6 Plus - but an additional lawsuit making the same claim against Apple's newest models, the 6S and 6S Plus, has also been filed.
The University of Wisconsin sued Intel over the same patent in 2008. That case was settled out of court for an undisclosed sum.
Despite recent well-publicised truces between some big tech firms, fierce patent battles are still being fought in courts globally.
A judge recently threw out claims by graphic card specialist Nvidia that Samsung and others had infringed three of its patents.
Apple's annual revenue in 2014 was $182bn.

12 May 2016 Last updated at 15:16 BST
Those found violating its rules will face steep fines of at least 10 million rupees (Â£100,000) - up to a maximum of one billion rupees (Â£10m) along with imprisonment for up to seven years.
Shilpa Kannan reports from Delhi.


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: England made no mistake in qualifying for Euro 2016 with victory over San Marino, keeping up their 100% record in the group.

Captain Wayne Rooney joined Sir Bobby Charlton at the top of the all-time England goalscorers' list by netting for the 49th time for his country.
Midfielder Jonjo Shelvey was impressive in the middle of the park on his return to the side.
So how did England's players fare overall? Chief football writer Phil McNulty runs the rule over the players on duty.
As expected, barely any action of note. One piece of mishandling late on but that was the result of the poor surface rather than anything to do with Hart.
Showed plenty of pace to retrieve one situation in the first half and worked hard to get forward on a night when his defensive qualities were not required.
As with Clyne, not needed defensively so was able to use his attacking instincts as England exerted complete control throughout.
Elegant and composed as ever and also showed glimpses of how he will help England break out of defence with the ball, particularly with one first-half run.
Solid as ever but was pretty much a spectator for most of the match. The mark is a reflection of his redundancy rather than performance.
A superb return after almost three years away from the England side. Showed good composure, a fine range of passing and that he could be a creator as well.
Usual workhorse effort. Utterly dependable and a man that manager Roy Hodgson can trust completely.
Had too much pace for the San Marino defence and used it to good effect. Perfect cross for Barkley's goal.
A good night for this wonderfully gifted Everton youngster. Scored his first England goal and was always looking to try things. Even the rather hard-to-please Mr Hodgson was impressed.
Equalled Sir Bobby Charlton's England record with his 49th goal, this time from the penalty spot. Took on his usual workload. History can wait - at least until Tuesday against Switzerland.
Worked his socks off and was aggressive, particularly in a second-half spat with San Marino defender Giovanni Bonini, but not everything worked. He will hope for another chance soon.
Came on with England dominant and did well, created a goal for Theo Walcott.
Perfect, morale-boosting finish for England's fifth goal. Took it well, showing great composure. He will hope his first goal of the season gets him going.
Great impact with two goals, the first seconds after coming on. Pace will always provide a threat and a potent extra option for Hodgson.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

Augustin, 19, had put the visitors 2-0 by half-time and Celtic forward Moussa Dembele made it three near the end.
France finished second in Group Three behind Macedonia but they have not made the play-offs.
Jim Magilton's Northern Ireland ended the campaign bottom of the group with two points from their 10 matches.


Question: represent the next text

Question: Farm subsidies will have to be earned rather than just handed out in future, the Environment Secretary Michael Gove has said in a speech.

Farmers will only get payouts if they agree to protect the environment and enhance rural life, he will say.
The move is part of what he calls his vision for a "green Brexit".
Farmers’ leaders want the current £3bn total to be spent on the environment, more infrastructure to develop farm businesses, and promoting British food.
The government has promised to keep overall payments at the same level until 2022.
The Tenant Farmers' Association - which represents tenant farmers in England and Wales - has called for the same amount of money to remain after that time.
Under the EU's current Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), farmers are paid based on the amount of land they farm.
However, in a speech at WWF's Living Planet Centre in Woking on Friday, Mr Gove said the current system will be abolished after the UK has left the EU.
He criticised the current system for giving money to some of the UK's wealthiest landowners, for encouraging wastage, and for not recognising "good environmental practice".
Mr Gove described Brexit as "a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to reform how we care for our land, our rivers and our seas, how we recast our ambition for our country’s environment, and the planet".
£3.2bn
total payments to UK farmers
£2.56bn
direct aid excluding rural development and other schemes
39 recipients of £1m or more
50  recipients of £800,000 or more
108  recipients of £500,000 or more
Critics say under the CAP wealthy UK landowners are given subsidies of up to £3m a year.
The issue was highlighted last year when BBC News revealed that taxpayers are paying more than £400,000 a year to subsidise a farm where a billionaire Saudi prince breeds racehorses.
The Newmarket farm of Khalid Abdullah al Saud - owner of the legendary horse Frankel - is among the top recipients of farm grants, along with the Queen.
Environmentalists will applaud the promise of change; they blame the CAP for the huge loss of wildlife in the British countryside.
The question for Mr Gove will be what detailed policy takes its place.
Mr Gove said in his speech: “There are very good reasons why we should provide support for agriculture. Seventy per cent of our land is farmed - beautiful landscape has not happened by accident but has been actively managed.
“Agriculture is an industry more susceptible to outside shocks and unpredictable events - whether it’s the weather or disease. So financial assistance and mechanisms which can smooth out the vicissitudes farmers face make sense."
He also expressed a desire to protect the “human ecology” of Britain’s highlands, where farming without subsidy is impossible.
This won’t please radical environmentalists, who want Mr Gove to save money (and in their view enhance the environment) by letting sheep farming wither, and allowing the uplands to revert to natural forest.
The Country Land and Business Association, known as the CLA, accepts the need for reform and has launched a plan for a land management contract.
Ross Murray, president of the CLA - which represents owners of land, property and businesses in England and Wales - said there is "vital work to be done", including to support farming practices, to manage soils and preserve land.
When pressed on whether rich landowners should received public money, he told BBC Radio 4's Today programme he was open to change but practices such as tree planting - which are good for the environment but provide landowners with little benefit - should still be recognised.
Asked if farming subsidies could be reduced in the future, he added: "In the long term perhaps, but in the meantime I think we're going to have to support farmers who provide public goods which could never be provided by the market."
Craig Bennett, head of Friends of the Earth, welcomed the speech, but said: “Current EU rules aimed at tackling air pollution and climate change and protecting our birds, bees and nature must not be watered down, and mechanisms must be put in place to enforce them post-Brexit."
National Farmers' Union (NFU) president Meurig Raymond said that, after leaving the EU, "it is important that we see a broad and innovative range of measures to ensure farmers continue to deliver all the benefits - for our wellbeing, for our economy and for our environment - that the country enjoys".
He added: "Such a policy needs to be comprehensive, providing support to farmers not just for environmental work, but also to manage risk and volatility, and to improve productivity and resilience among farming businesses."
One crucial question will be who has the final say on proposed developments in the UK's prime wildlife sites. At the moment they are protected by the EU as part of Europe's common heritage. That protection may disappear after Brexit.
Follow Roger on Twitter.

Pro-exit farming minister George Eustice said support for farmers would be maintained if the UK left the EU.
But his department said this was his personal view, not the government's.
A group representing thousands of farmers and landowners has written to Mr Cameron, demanding EU payments to farms continue.
The UK vote on whether to remain in or to leave the EU takes place on 23 June.
In the letter - seen by the BBC - the Country Land and Business Association (CLA) says the current funding must stay in place until 2020.
CLA president Ross Murray wrote: "The lack of clarity around what is statement of fact and what is conjecture about government plans is causing confusion, which leads to uncertainty around investment decisions and around meeting long-term environmental commitments."
Asked about farming subsidies in the event of leaving the EU, Mr Eustice told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "We would still support farming to the same level, possibly even more than now."
But a spokeswoman from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) said: "This is the view of the farming minister, who supports the Leave campaign, and not that of the government."
Mr Cameron has said some support for farmers would continue after a leave vote but has not promised it would not be cut.
A Defra spokesman added: "The future level of farming support if we left the EU is unknown."
Mr Eustice's boss, Environment Secretary Liz Truss, shares the official government position that the UK should remain in the EU.
One government source said no minister could possibly guarantee Common Agricultural Policy payments would be matched outside the EU as they could not know which government would be in power or what decisions it would make.
Leave campaigners argue that as a net contributor to the EU budget, the UK could easily afford to continue making payments if it left.
The CLA says civil servants need to start work on what would happen after a leave vote.
The group is remaining neutral on whether the UK should leave the EU.


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: In the years following the attacks of 11 September 2001, it is not surprising that Western security forces and authorities clamped down hard on the money transfer industry.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Fearful that some remittances being sent to countries in eastern Africa, the Middle East and South Asia could be being used to fund terrorist activities, a number of smaller money transfer companies were shut down.
While completely understandable from a security point of view, the knock-on effect was that many innocent people in places such as Somalia suddenly found that it was much more difficult to receive vital funds from expat relatives living in the West.
This was money they needed to put food on the table, or clothe their children, or keep a roof above their heads.
One man who was increasingly aware of the problem was Ismail Ahmed. He was born and raised in Somaliland, the autonomous northern part of Somalia, before being educated in the UK after winning a World Bank scholarship.
In his early 30s at the time, Mr Ahmed was an expert in remittances and the money transfer industry, having focused on the subjects while doing a PhD in development economics at Imperial College in London.
Turning his expertise into a business opportunity, and wishing to help, he started to advise a number of smaller money transfer firms, both in the UK and overseas, on how they could best meet the more stringent security rules.
Such was his success in doing so that in 2004 the United Nations Development Programme - the UN agency which aims to improve conditions in the developing world - asked him to join their team which was trying to tackle the same problem.
Yet after an unhappy time at the UN, which saw him quit after becoming a whistleblower to fraud and corruption, Mr Ahmed determined to launch his own money transfer business.
He recognised that if he created such a firm that was as digitally-based as possible, he could both be as security conscious as possible, and keep costs down enough to enable him to offer substantially lower transaction fees than the industry leaders.
So the idea for his new company, WorldRemit, was born.
To understand how WorldRemit works, it is necessary to look at the long-established business model for sending remittances by money transfer firms.
Typically this involves person A in a rich country paying cash to an agent of the transfer firm, be it a bank branch or accredited corner shop.
The money is then transferred to a nation in the developing world, where person B goes to another agent of the transfer firm, again typically a bank or shop, or bureau de change, and then withdraws the money in cash. If the money is sent to a bank, it doesn't go directly into a person's account.
This is the model that global leaders Western Union and MoneyGram, and their hundreds of smaller rivals, have followed for decades.
The security concern in this post 9/11 world is whether this system of money transfer is at risk of abuse, such as people using false identification, or trying to launder money.
It is a concern which has cost the big players rather a lot of money in fines. In 2010 Western Union was fined $94m (Â£60m) by the state of Arizona for not doing enough to prevent money laundering by Mexican drugs gangs, while in 2012 MoneyGram had to pay a $100m penalty.
Then last year, UK bank Barclays announced that it was closing the accounts of all but 19 of its 165 clients in the remittance transfer business.
To mitigate such security concerns, on the sending side of remittance transfer WorldRemit only accepts funds electronically via its website or mobile phone app - it doesn't have any agents to whom you can turn up with a big bag of banknotes.
Mr Ahmed explains: "Being digital enables us to be as security stringent as possible.
"We screen all our transactions against sanction lists, and we can pick out suspicious or unusual behaviour almost immediately. For example, when someone tries a number of cards to get one of them to work - no legitimate customer would do that.
"And we aren't reliant upon a busy shopkeeper to do the security work for us."
Mr Ahmed adds that such a digital only approach also enables WorldRemit to charge fees that are less than half those of the big players, a statement which is confirmed when you check its prices against those of the likes of Western Union.
WorldRemit also says it is at the forefront of digitalising the receiving end of remittance exchanges, with cash pick-ups only accounting for one third of its transactions, compared with 95% for the market as a whole.
The other two thirds of WorldRemit transactions see people get paid the money directly to their bank account, or increasingly, to their mobile phone.
The latter has been made possible after WorldRemit signed agreements with mobile phone networks and payment systems such as Ecocash in Zimbabwe, which enable people to use their mobile phones as if they were cash cards.
And while the big players in the industry are now also increasingly offering digital transfers and pick-ups, Mr Ahmed says that none yet come close to WorldRemit's global reach.
For example, while Moneygram will only allow online transfers to bank accounts in nine countries, at WorldRemit it is more than 50.
Mr Ahmed says: "In many countries and cities you have to remember that people don't want to have to be walking around with cash for security reasons.
"Also it is often a very long walk to the nearest bank, which could be closed."
Mr Ahmed launched WorldRemit in 2010 after first doing a master of business administration (MBA) course at London Business School (LBS), as he said he needed to increase his skills at running a business.
While at LBS he successfully pitched his idea to some wealthy investors who bought a stake in the business.
An investment fund has subsequently also come on board.
WorldRemit has its headquarters in west London, and this year has seen its workforce triple to 110 people.
It currently helps people around the world make 200,000 transfers a month. This is a drop in the ocean compared with Western Union or MoneyGram, but Mr Ahmed says he has the ambition to grow strongly.
"I'm proud to be making a difference to people's lives," says Mr Ahmed.
Follow Will Smale on Twitter @WillSmale1

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

After most terrorist attacks, authorities, the families of victims and broader communities are left to ponder the meaning of such wanton violence, and reconstruct the motives and tactics of those responsible.
Thanks to a remarkable conversation between a French reporter and one of the brothers responsible for the attack on Charlie Hebdo, we have some insight if not yet all the answers.
"We are not killers," Cherif Kouachi told France's BFM TV hours before a confrontation with French security forces at a printing plant outside Paris.
"We defend the prophet. If someone offends the prophet then there is no problem, we can kill him."
He claimed an affiliation with al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula.
"I went there and it was Anwar al-Awlaki who financed me," Cherif Kouachi said.
Incongruously, Amedy Coulibaly, who was killed the same day after killing and holding hostages at a Kosher grocery store, told the same French network BFM TV he "coordinated" his actions with the Kouachis, but was part of "Daish" or IS, an offshoot but rival of Al-Qaeda.
Supporters of both groups praised their actions, but it remains unclear if either group directed the attacks given the years between their radicalisation and action.
Awlaki himself was killed in 2011 in a drone strike in Yemen.
So what does Paris tell us about the evolving Islamist terrorist threat and what to do about it?
Notwithstanding the emergence of Islamic State, a hybrid that is part terrorist organisation and part insurgency, the threat to the West centres on self-activating individuals or small groups inspired by, but not necessarily controlled by, radical networks.
They identify with the global struggle, but their focus is local.
This localisation may result in more incidents - the past two years have seen attacks at the Boston Marathon, Parliament Hill in Ottawa and a cafe in Sydney, for example - but none involving the ambition of 9/11 or even Madrid in 2004 or London in 2005.
The Paris perpetrators are less soldiers than malware circulating in local networks that can go off at any time.
Rooting them out before they can do damage is easier said than done.
French Prime Minister Manuel Valls rightly declared this challenge as "war."
But this is an era of persistent threat, more like the Cold War in complexity and duration.
This is a generational struggle where the political, economic and social elements will be just as decisive as the military, intelligence and law enforcement.
War involves a broad commitment of resources and will.
At the international level, countries need to continue to enhance cooperation including the exchange of information on known extremists.
The Kouachi brothers were on the no-fly list but there were evident gaps in surveillance.
There also needs to be a stronger consensus regarding the tools that governments need to better monitor known and unknown extremists, even while acknowledging that perfect security is impossible.
In light of Paris, European countries need to renew the debate launched by Edward Snowden two years ago regarding the line between privacy and security.
At the local level, there needs to be improved community prevention, interceding with young men (and some women) before they succumb to the appeal of the likes of the Islamic State.
This is the first and best line of defence, but does not occur in a vacuum.
The intolerance manifest in the Charlie Hebdo attack has already been a catalyst for a broader debate within France and across Europe.
An estimated two million people marched in Paris yesterday, joined by a broad cross-section of political and religious leaders.
They voiced support for freedom of expression but also tolerance, understanding and non-violence.
The question is whether this dramatic display will be joined within the Islamic world.
Many national leaders rightly condemned the violence in Paris.
British imams released a statement calling the Paris murders "offensive to the Prophet Muhammad."
These words are powerful, but not enough.
There is the urgent need for a broader debate within Islam regarding tolerance and pluralism, and religious interpretations that are used to justify violence.
But this is a dialogue governments seem to fear.
The same day French authorities moved decisively against the Charlie Hebdo perpetrators, Saudi Arabia flogged a blogger, Raif Badawi, the first instalment of a sentence that includes 1,000 lashes, 10 years in prison and a fine of more than $266,000.
His crime - encouraging a debate regarding the Kingdom's conservative interpretations of Islam.
The best response to speech perceived as offensive is more speech and respect for different points of view.
To succeed against violent political extremism, that lesson must be applied in Europe, but also in the Middle East, where repression provides oxygen for the Islamic state, al Qaeda and the powerful yet illegitimate rationale behind their murderous theology.
PJ Crowley is a former US Secretary of State and now a fellow at The George Washington University's Institute for Public Diplomacy & Global Communication.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: In an attempt to curb alarming levels of pollution in the Indian capital, Delhi, authorities have announced that private cars with even and odd number plates will be allowed only on alternate days from Friday.

The "odd-even" car rationing experiment will run for an initial two-week trial period after which the government will decide whether to extend it or junk it.
The city - the most polluted in the world, according to the World Health Organisation - has been experiencing hazardous levels of pollution this winter - and the government believes that draconian measures are needed to help improve the air quality.
The BBC's Geeta Pandey in Delhi explains how this formula will work.
For the first 15 days in the New Year, number plates ending with odd numbers - one, three, five, seven and nine - will be allowed on odd dates while number plates ending with even numbers - zero, two, four, six and eight - will be allowed on even dates.
The restrictions will be in place from 8am to 8pm from Monday to Saturday.
The rule has to be followed by everyone, except for those who have been granted exemption.
Delhi is known for its wide avenues, but with more than 8.5 million vehicles in the city, the roads are choked with endless traffic snarls.
And reports say with 1,400 new cars being added to the city roads every day, the situation is going to get only worse.
Authorities say car emissions are a major contributor to pollution and curtailing their use will help clean the city air.
They want to encourage more people to start using public transport like the Metro and the bus or take to cycling.
The odd-even formula is among several measures aimed at reducing smog levels - the plan is also to shut some coal-fired power plants in the vicinity of the city and vacuum roads to reduce dust.
The list of exemptions is long:
This long list of exemptions has caused much heartburn - the Delhi police chief has said enforcing the scheme will be difficult and the Delhi high court has asked the government to explain the rationale behind exempting women and two-wheelers.
Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kerjiwal has said the idea is to encourage people to use public transport more and to cope with the increased numbers, the government will be running 3,000 additional buses.
Schools have been ordered to remain shut until 15 January so that their buses could be used as public transport.
Car-pooling is being encouraged and the web-based taxi service Uber and radio-taxi service Meru have also launched pooling facilities.
Thousands of traffic policemen will be deployed to catch the violators and the offenders will have to pay a fine of 2,000 rupees ($30; Â£20) - rather steep by Indian standards where traffic offenders generally get away with a fine of 100 rupees to 400 rupees.
In addition, Mr Kejriwal's Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) has roped in more than 7,500 volunteers - they will man nearly 200 traffic signals, carrying placards to encourage people to follow the scheme. They will tell the offenders "politely that they should follow the law and give them a flower and ask them to go home".
Mixed.
The chief justice of India and the US embassy - though on the list of exemptions - have said they would carpool and follow the odd-even formula.
Many residents, sick of breathing the toxic air, have expressed their support and said they would join in to make the scheme a success.
Many others, however, are complaining about the inconvenience they would face getting to work - they point out the inadequate public transport infrastructure and poor last-mile connectivity.
The Metro and buses are already bursting at the seams and with millions more taking to public transport, overcrowding will get worse, they say.
A few months ago, Delhi introduced a "car-free day" on the 22nd of every month - on that day, cars are banned from one city district for a few hours and authorities say the air quality monitoring has shown a plunge in pollution levels in the area after the exercise.
They say they are confident that the odd-even formula, along with the other measures, will make a difference.
Critics, however, say it's too little because of the long list of exemptions.
The environmental group, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), has welcomed the "emergency action to reduce vehicle numbers on the road" but questioned the absurdity of exempting two-wheelers, which account for more than 30% of air pollutants generated by the transport sector in Delhi, and women drivers.
Also, Delhi'ites are notorious for not following traffic regulations and there is talk already of how people will get around the ban with forged "sliding number plates" to fit the odd-even formula, how men might start dressing in drag to evade detection, how many may pretend to be sick and how many would rush to buy a second car.
Car rationing has been tried in many countries around the world.
In 1989, Mexico's capital city introduced "hoy no circula" - roughly translating as "today, (your car) does not circulate".
Since then, similar restrictions have been tried in the Colombian capital Bogota, the Chilean capital Santiago, Brazil's largest city Sao Paulo, the French capital Paris and the Chinese capital Beijing.
Beijing's odd-even formula imposed ahead of the 2008 Olympics produced its best air quality in a decade - with a Chinese government study claiming that vehicle emissions reduced by 40%.
Indian authorities say they are hopeful of similar results.
In recent years though, Beijing's pollution levels have worsened again - a warning to authorities in Delhi that the measures will have to be sustained in the long run.
The Delhi chief minister has said if the policy causes too much inconvenience to the city residents, they will scrap it.
For the next fortnight though, all eyes will be on Delhi - the WHO survey of global cities last year said that besides Delhi, 13 of the most polluted 20 cities in the world were in India.
If the experiment succeeds in cleaning up Delhi's air, other cities may also be willing to try out the odd-even formula.

A statement on the singer's website said Ms Austin was unable to perform at Forbidden City Concert Hall on Friday night "due to health problems".
While the cause of her illness has not been confirmed, it comes at a time of growing concern over air pollution levels in the Chinese capital.
The city has recently announced measures to combat worsening pollution.
They include taking half of the city's four million private cars off the roads on days when there are serious levels of pollution.
The system will be based on a vehicle's licence plate - odd numbers will be allowed on the roads one day, even numbers the next.
A statement on Patti Austin's website said: "She was taken in an emergency to the Peking Union Medical College Hospital this morning where she has been treated for a severe asthma attack in combination with respiratory infection.
"Ms Austin is currently resting in her hotel. Her current breathing condition does not physically enable her to perform tonight.
"Ms Austin is extremely disappointed about this situation since she was very much looking forward to performing."
The new anti-pollution system will give out four different degrees of air pollution warning - blue, yellow, amber and red.
On days when an amber warning is given, factories will stop production and work will be halted on construction and building sites.
Restaurants that offer open-air barbecues will be ordered to close temporarily, and fireworks will be banned throughout the city.
When a red warning is issued, the new car restriction measure will be implemented. Schools and kindergartens will also be closed.
The measure to restrict the number of private cars from using the road is proving to be controversial.
Critics have aired their concern that those who can afford to buy two or more cars will able to drive any day when the restriction is in force.
Beijing has almost 21 million permanent residents, according to official estimates.


Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details
E.g. "['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', 'Being labelled cheats is bad enough, but for Russian athletes and politicians a ban from the next Olympics would be devastating.']" == "['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', 'And that\'s the fear here.\nThe initial reaction to claims of widespread doping and corruption in sport was predictable: a burst of outrage, painting the entire scandal as a "political" attack.\nSport became the latest battlefield in the "war" between East and West.\nBut the tone has since shifted as the need for damage limitation has sunk in.\nLate on Wednesday night, President Putin made his first comments on the topic, and they were conciliatory.\n"I agree that this is not only a Russian problem," he told sports officials gathered in Sochi. "But if our international colleagues have questions, we must resolve them."\nA judo black belt himself, Mr Putin stressed that sport is only "attractive" when it\'s a fair fight.\n"We in Russia must do everything to get rid of this problem," he instructed his audience.\nSports Minister Vitaly Mutko had already admitted to a problem, pointing out that Russia disqualifies up to 300 athletes each year for doping.\nEven so, officials deny the kind of "systemic" and "state-sponsored" cheating described in the Wada investigation.\nConsidering the seriousness of the allegations, the head of Russia\'s anti-doping agency (Rusada) has been particularly dismissive.\n"The accusations against Rusada are based on personal testimony," a relaxed-looking Nikita Kamaev told journalists crammed into a room at the agency\'s headquarters this week.\n"When you have an athlete who\'s been disqualified for cheating and their word is worth more than ours - that raises questions," he argued, apparently unfazed by all the secret recordings provided as evidence by those whistleblowers.\nMr Kamaev denied that Russian athletes were pre-warned of testing and laughed off claims of involvement by the state security service, the FSB.\nAs for the laboratory at the heart of the corruption claims, staff have not answered calls since the director resigned on Tuesday.\nAs Russia formulates its official response to Wada - to submit on Thursday - state television coverage has gone remarkably quiet.\nThere\'s been little of the usual nationalistic drum-banging on social media either and the whole scandal has been confined largely to the sports pages of newspapers.\nWhat comment there is, suggests concern rather than patriotic bluster.\n"Sadly our sport is sick," Komsomolskaya Pravda confessed today.\n"We need to punish our own athletes [for doping], regardless of their achievements," the paper suggests. "But for now, sadly, any attack from outside will hit its target because there is something to hit."\nSoviet sport was all about proving the superiority of a superpower - whatever the cost - and in those days, state-managed drug-enhanced performance was the norm.\nThe Wada report shows that system didn\'t collapse with the USSR, as one-time athletes became trainers and managers.\nDecember 2014: German documentary alleges Russian doping scandal\nFebruary 2015: IAAF\'s Diack says athletics faces \'crisis\'\nAugust 2015: Coe says IAAF will react robustly\nAugust 2015: Wada \'alarmed\' by fresh allegations\n"It\'s widely believed that doping is part of elite sports," argues Russian-born Sergei Ilyukov, now a doctor with the Finnish Olympic team.\n"You can build the perfect anti-doping system, but if the mentality doesn\'t change it will be ineffective."\nAs Russian sport is still largely state-driven and funded, Mr Ilyukov argues athletes are pushed harder for results.\nAt the Athletics Federation (Araf) though, acting boss Vadim Zelichyonok described the allegations as "painful" and told the BBC they were a "stain" on Russian sport that would be hard to wash off.\nBut he also called some of the claims so old they "smell of mothballs", arguing that Russia began cleaning up its own act some time ago.\nMr Zelichyonok points out a management shake-up at Araf: his own predecessor resigned last February after a quarter of a century at the helm, and there\'s a new chief trainer.\nOne of the five athletes Wada wants banned for life - Olympic champion Maria Savinova - is on maternity leave. But Ekaterina Poistogova and Ksenia Ugarova were both suspended soon after claims of cheating emerged.\nThe status of the remaining two women is unclear.\nInterpol to co-ordinate doping probe\nRussian doping disturbing - Pound\nReaction - "Dark day for athletics"\nCorruption report \'a game-changer\'\n"Not one of us [the new team] has ever given any athlete or trainer a carte blanche to use banned substances," Vadim Zelichyonok insisted this week. "We say consistently that doping is a dead-end. That the time of using banned substances is over. Some listen, but sadly far from all."\nHe admitted that the problem runs deep, with even youth sport affected. And the Federation is still tackling serious doping problems at Russia\'s national race-walking base in Saransk.\nBut Mr Zelichyonok was adamant about one thing.\n"Now, there is no corruption. I can put my hand on the bible to that," he said.\nWith Russia\'s place at next summer\'s Olympics at stake, President Putin has now led the way in urging the decision makers not to penalise "clean" athletes for others\' mistakes.\n"Responsibility must be personalised, that\'s the rule," Mr Putin argued.\nIf his appeal is heard, Russia\'s claim of zero tolerance on doping will be put to the test.\nUsed to pride of place on the podium, Russian athletes could well put on a poorer show if they make it to Rio. The question is whether that\'s a price they\'re ready to pay.']" != "['represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', 'The 19-year-old, who claimed a gold medal over Ms Efimova in the 100-metre breaststroke on Monday, incited a reaction reminiscent of the Cold War online, with users roasting the Russian in a series of patriotic and finger-wagging memes.\nThe gesture was in response to a back-and-forth row between the pair, which began when Ms Efimova, who had twice failed drug tests, was cleared of a doping ban and allowed to compete just before the breaststroke event.\nThe decision was derided by her Olympic competitors and drew ire from crowd members, who booed the Russian during the event.\nMs Efimova, 24, won her semi-final heat on Saturday and held up her index finger to suggest number one.\nIn response, Ms King wagged her own finger in disapproval while watching on a television monitor, a gesture they would continue to direct at one another throughout the event, culminating with Ms King\'s gold win.\nBut the heated exchange recalled old divisions marked by the former Iron Curtain, with Americans hailing Ms King as a hero and painting Ms Efimova as a villain.\nOther swimmers shared their frustrations over Ms Efimova\'s appearance.\nSwedish swimmer Jennie Johansson wrote on Instagram: ""Unfortunately I finished up 9th. My heart and my mind will still be swimming in that final tomorrow even if the actual lane is taken by someone that doesn\'t deserve it."\n"Cheaters are cheaters," said Irish swimmer Fiona Doyle, who missed out on the semi-finals by one place.\nMs King also did not back down, saying after she won: "It\'s incredible, winning the gold medal and knowing I did it clean."\nMs Efimova hit back at her critics, saying athletes should rise above politics.\n"I always thought the cold war was long in the past. Why start it again, by using sport?" she said,  according to Russia\'s Tass agency in Rio.\nIn Russia media, however, Ms Efimova\'s silver medal was praised as "more precious than gold" and the athlete described as a hero.\nState TV channels and mainstream newspapers suggested that Ms Efimova prevailed after overcoming both the initial ban for doping allegations and her American opponent\'s taunts.\n"What she had to go through in addition to attempts not to let her compete at Rio can be seen in this video: minutes ahead of her appearing on the lane, US [swimmer Lilly] King, standing behind Yulia, all but frowned", State-owned Rossiya 1 said, according to a BBC translation.\nNTV, owned by Russia\'s gas giant Gazprom, also highlighted Ms King\'s "nonsportslike" behaviour.\nSocial media users and Russian bloggers on Facebook largely defended Ms Efimova, directing criticisms at US athletes such as Michael Phelps, who lauded his teammate, Ms King, for calling out the doping scandal.\nRussia\'s Yulia Efimova beaten to gold by Lilly King of USA\nYulia Efimova and the \'fog of suspicion\'\n"Let Efimova alone, she\'s to compete yet, and you\'ve stirred a storm," Facebook user Zoya Kudryasheva said.\nShe added: "Heroes may be forgiven for some things".\nThe Russian Embassy in the Netherlands made reference to the showdown in a Tweet, congratulating Ms Efimova on her "silver medal with the golden tint".\nOther Russian users expressed pride over Ms Efimova\'s silver medal, with one user tweeting: "Winning a medal at these dirty Olympics is a sporting feat!"\nAnother Twitter user said: "She\'s a beauty with nerves made of steel, a very strong personality. At a time like this, silver is worth its weight in gold."\nRevelations from a damning report earlier this year found that Russia\'s sports ministry manipulated urine samples provided by its athletes between 2011 and 2015.\nThe International Olympic Committee allowed 271 of the nation\'s athletes to compete from the original entry list of 389, despite calls for a total ban on the country by the World Anti-Doping Agency.']"

Question: A man who set up a company to sell men's designer underwear as a front to steal more than £50,000 from taxpayers has been jailed.

Daniel King, 37, of Swansea, set up his company D-briefed in October 2013 and told HM Revenue and Customs he intended to re-sell underwear from China.
HMRC said he admitted making up the figures for 10 fraudulent VAT claims, totalling more than £57,564.
He was jailed for two years and three months at Swansea Crown Court.
In a statement from HMRC, the court heard King told investigators he planned on importing the underwear from China to re-sell over the internet.
But he could not produce any documents proving he intended to trade, and the court heard his business was set up simply to conceal his tax fraud.
The fraudulent VAT claims were made between December 2013 and March 2016.
According to HMRC's statement, Recorder Peter Griffiths QC told him: "I am satisfied that you went into this with your eyes wide open and that you knew full well you were acting fraudulently.
"You have gained financially, dishonestly and deliberately and it would be an affront to the public if you were not immediately deprived of your liberty."
King was also ordered to pay £670 as well as a £120 victim surcharge.
Colin Spinks, assistant director of HMRC's Fraud Investigation Service, said afterwards: "King blatantly abused the tax system by setting up a company for the sole purpose of stealing money that should have funded public services.
The HMRC are now "working to recover the money he stole."

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary!

John Leigh, 56, and Deborah Hancox, 46, channelled the cash into false companies they set up while working for the former North West Strategic Health Authority.
The used the money to lead luxury lifestyles, buying a cottage in the Lake District and a Jaguar convertible.
The couple have been ordered to repay a total of £184,930.
Leigh, who worked in IT, and Hancox, who helped train doctors, were jailed for three years eight months and two years respectively in 2014 after admitting conspiracy to defraud and concealing criminal property.
Between 2003 and 2008 they used their bogus companies to sell products to the NHS at highly inflated prices.
As well as leading glamorous lifestyles, the pair, both of Middleton, Rochdale, invested hundreds of thousands of pounds in businesses in Iraq, the United Arab Emirates and Turkey.
But their scam unravelled when the health service launched an investigation, and the pair were arrested after fleeing to Cyprus.
A hearing at Manchester Crown Court on Friday determined the amounts Leigh and Hancox must repay.
Leigh was told he must pay £177,999 within three months, or face a further jail sentence of six months.
Hancox will serve an additional two-month sentence if she does not pay £6,930.
The money will go to NHS Health Education England.
Sue Frith, of NHS Protect, the department that launched the investigation, said Leigh and Hancox had ultimately diverted money meant for patient care.
She added: "They would be in a far better position if they had just worked honestly for a living, as the vast majority of NHS workers do."