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Question: An 89-year-old who put an ad in a paper looking for work to save him from "dying of boredom" has started his new job.

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Joe Bartley was met by cheers and applause from customers when he clocked on for the first time at the Cantina Bar and Kitchen in Paignton, Devon.
The pensioner landed the job after posting a plea in the Herald Express.
He said he was "overwhelmed by all the attention" and was looking forward to "getting down to the job".
More on the 89-year-old's job search, plus other news
His first appearance "was like walking onto a stage to give a bit of a turn", said Mr Bartley, whose first task was to serve some mince pies.
He also received a pile of fan mail.
Customers had come in specially to see the ex-serviceman and there had been "tons" of goodwill messages on the restaurant's Facebook page, said co-owner Queenie Martin.
"Most of our staff are young so it'll be nice to have him. Everybody here is lovely, so he'll fit in", she said.
Mr Bartley said he had felt very lonely after his wife Cassie died two years ago.
"I was bored to death sat here doing nothing not seeing anyone".
He described living alone as "solitary confinement".

Great grandfather Colin Leigh has been working at Asda's Coryton store in Cardiff for 11 years.
The till assistant is a firm favourite with customers and often has a queue of people waiting to be served by him. He even hands out sweets as they pass through his checkout.
Mr Leigh left school at 17 and completed national service with the RAF which saw him serve in Germany.
He spent his working life as a design engineer for various companies, starting at Gould's Foundry in Cardiff Bay and then for the likes of Currans and Fram Filters.
During his time at John Graham Engineering in Barry, Mr Leigh designed components for  Rolls Royce and Concorde.
"I've worked in so many places and I have always been happy in my jobs," he said.
He was still working part time in 2005, when a friend mentioned there were jobs going in Asda, which was close to his home in Taff's Well.
He applied and in his interview was asked to speak to the person next to him about their life.
"I wrote a full sheet of paper on the chap who was next to me," he said.
Impressed with his listening skills, management offered Mr Leigh the job, starting in customer service and then moving to the checkouts.
Mr Leigh's wife of 50 years, Pamela, died five years ago and he said his job "gave him a reason to get up in the morning" and "got him out of the house".
He said he was "not one to sit at home" and his favourite part of the job was meeting new people.
"I've got to know the customers, I love talking to them and giving them sweets.
"It's a special environment to work in, we're like a big family and they (Asda) bend over backwards for me."
He added his job at the supermarket kept him "busy and active," and giving advice to other workers he said: "If you like your job, do it. But if you don't like your job, you have to change it and find something you like".
Mr Leigh said he has no plans to retire anytime soon.
Reg Buttress began working for Sainsbury's in his hometown of Cwmbran, Torfaen, in 1981 after being made redundant aged 59.
He retired at 65, but was asked to return part-time just a few weeks later.
"I felt lost without a job," he said, and "I had to go back."
"It's a marvellous shop and I love meeting all the different people."
The great grandfather has held a number of jobs at the supermarket, from collecting trolleys and stacking shelves, to individually pricing items and greeting customers.
He started his working life at 13 at Hafodyrynys colliery, and when he got laid off he went to an unemployment office which told him there were no local jobs.
He then took a factory job in Birmingham, earning 14 shillings a week.
Mr Buttress recalls his father buying him a bike he used to cycle from his home in Pontypool to Birmingham.
"It took me two days and I stopped to sleep in a hedge," he said.
He returned to south Wales during the war when his accommodation was bombed.
He found work as a steam engine driver on the railways in Pontypool before the Beeching cuts, and later took a job at a Nylon factory before joining Sainsbury's.
Mr Buttress was married for 65 years, before his wife Gwendoline died two years ago.
He said he was planning a second attempt at retirement in September when he turns 94.
"I'm getting a bit slower," he said, and he is looking forward to spending more time in his garden and greenhouse.
World War Two veteran Bill Dudley is McDonalds' oldest employee in Europe.
He took a part-time job in customer care at his local restaurant in Mold, Flintshire, aged 81 and "hasn't looked back".
The great grandfather, of Connah's Quay, said he was "bored pottering around the house" and his wife "wouldn't let him help out with the gardening".
Mr Dudley served in the navy and worked as a train driver before becoming a taxi driver and, despite being in employment since he was 12, he said he "still loves going to work".
His managers have described him as "an extremely-valued member of the team" who is "loved by customers and staff alike".
At the other end of the age spectrum is Katya from Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire.
She began volunteering at an anti-poverty charity with her grandparents "as soon as she was able to walk".
And since then she has spent school holidays helping to sort food and clothes donations, as well as taking part in collections at local supermarkets.
But her favourite time of the year is the Christmas toy sort, when the charity gives donated gifts to more than 500 children in Pembrokeshire.
Katya said: "I like choosing stuff. I've got a very wise taste. With children my age, I know what they would like."
She enjoys volunteering saying she would "rather help people than go out and play with her friends".
Katya enjoys working with the people at the charity, especially her grandmother Tracy Olin, who is the charity's coordinator.
She said it made her "feel good that she was helping other people".
Katya added that she will continue to volunteer and "help people in need" and "might want grandma's job when she's old enough".
Mrs Olin said: "We love it when the young volunteers are here, because they're such fun and they have so much enthusiasm.
"Katya has learned to treat everyone with respect. She knows that some people have nothing and some people have lots, but they're all the same people."


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Question: Newport Gwent Dragons forward Ed Jackson has revealed he suffered a serious spinal injury after diving into the shallow end of a swimming pool.

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He was injured at a friend's barbecue on 8 April and remains in hospital.
Jackson, 28, underwent neck surgery for what his region at the time described as a "non-rugby related injury."
"After hitting my head on the bottom I realised I couldn't swim to the surface because I'd lost movement in my legs and power in my arms," Jackson said.
Jackson, who has also played for Bath, Wasps, London Welsh and Doncaster Knights, said his father - a retired GP - and a friend realised immediately something was wrong.
They pulled him to the surface and stabilised him until the ambulance arrived to take him to Southmead Hospital in Bristol.
"After a number of MRI scans and X-Rays the Drs decided to operate at 2am to stabilise my neck as pressure was being put on my spinal cord," Jackson added in a Facebook post.
"In surgery they removed my shattered disc, relocated my vertebrae and fixed it in place with a metal plate.
"I woke up in ICU, luckily completely coherent, however no feeling below my neck other than limited movement in my right arm."
Bath-born Jackson has made 36 appearances for the Dragons since joining from Wasps in 2015 and signed a contract extension with the region in December.

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The 27-year-old had a clash of heads with fellow Englishman Mike Cooper.
He lay prone on the pitch for several minutes, while receiving medical care, before being taken off on a stretcher.
Burgess later wrote: "Initial scan results are positive.... feeling extremely lucky tonight."
He was playing his third game since returning to rugby league after a nine-month stint in union with Bath and England.
He lowered his head as he ran with the ball but immediately fell to the ground after the collision.
The Rabbitohs were trailing 8-6 in the NRL fixture at the time and no more points were scored following the incident in the 58th minute.


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Question: Birmingham City came from two goals down at Barnsley to earn their first point under Gianfranco Zola.

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Tom Bradshaw slotted home to put the Reds in front and Sam Winnall doubled the lead by heading his 11th of the season from Conor Hourihane's corner.
Jacques Maghoma pulled one back before the interval and a double substitution paid off for Zola after the break.
Barnsley defender Marc Roberts was sent off for fouling Che Adams and Lukas Jutkiewicz levelled from the spot.
Jutkiewicz, one of the two players brought on for the second half, hammered the spot-kick home for his seventh goal of the season, to prevent Blues suffering a third successive defeat under their Italian boss.
Both sides wore black armbands and took part in a minute's applause in memory of Barnsley legend Norman Rimmington, who died on 29 December aged 93 after serving the club since the 1940s.
His old club surged into a commanding lead as they looked to round off one of the best years in their history in style, having won the Football League Trophy and secured promotion at Wembley last season.
Tomasz Kuszczak kept Birmingham in it with a triple save to deny Marley Watkins, Winnall and Ryan Kent before Adams played in Maghoma to reduce the deficit.
The Polish keeper made more crucial stops from Winnall and Sam Morsy after the visitors had pulled level, while David Cotterill was just wide with a free-kick as Blues looked to win it at the other end.
Barnsley end 2016 in ninth place in the Championship, above Aston Villa and Birmingham on goal difference.
Barnsley head coach Paul Heckingbottom:
"I was probably happier with the second half. We were terrific with 10 men and arguably created the best chances.
"I was really pleased with the goals we scored as they were ones we've worked on, which is always pleasing.
"I honestly don't set any targets. We'll give everything, every day. That's part of your responsibility, to try hard."
(On Roberts' dismissal) "It's the rule and that is how it is now so you've got to accept it. 'Robbo' wasn't making a genuine attempt to win the ball."
Birmingham City manager Gianfranco Zola told BBC WM:
"It was very important the way the players reacted. We made mistakes and were punished for them but that was the response that I was looking for.
"We made a double substitution. We had to try to do something. We needed a bit more presence up front.
"The players that came in, particularly Lukas Jutkiewicz, did extremely well And in the end we could have won. We had good chances."
Match ends, Barnsley 2, Birmingham City 2.
Second Half ends, Barnsley 2, Birmingham City 2.
Foul by Jacques Maghoma (Birmingham City).
Sam Morsy (Barnsley) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Barnsley. Conceded by Jonathan Grounds.
Attempt blocked. Angus MacDonald (Barnsley) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Conor Hourihane.
Foul by Michael Morrison (Birmingham City).
Sam Winnall (Barnsley) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Jonathan Spector (Birmingham City).
Andy Yiadom (Barnsley) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. David Cotterill (Birmingham City) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left from a direct free kick.
Stephen Gleeson (Birmingham City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Sam Morsy (Barnsley).
Sam Morsy (Barnsley) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Stephen Gleeson (Birmingham City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Sam Morsy (Barnsley).
Attempt missed. David Davis (Birmingham City) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the left following a corner.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Angus MacDonald.
Attempt missed. Andy Yiadom (Barnsley) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left following a set piece situation.
Foul by Michael Morrison (Birmingham City).
Sam Winnall (Barnsley) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Attempt saved. Sam Morsy (Barnsley) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Sam Winnall with a headed pass.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Adam Jackson.
Foul by David Davis (Birmingham City).
Marley Watkins (Barnsley) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt missed. David Cotterill (Birmingham City) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left from a direct free kick.
Che Adams (Birmingham City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Adam Jackson (Barnsley).
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Adam Jackson.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Angus MacDonald.
Attempt missed. Sam Winnall (Barnsley) header from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Josh Scowen with a cross.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Adam Jackson.
Stephen Gleeson (Birmingham City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Conor Hourihane (Barnsley).
Offside, Birmingham City. Jonathan Spector tries a through ball, but Lukas Jutkiewicz is caught offside.
Attempt saved. Marley Watkins (Barnsley) right footed shot from a difficult angle on the right is saved in the centre of the goal.
Offside, Birmingham City. David Davis tries a through ball, but Lukas Jutkiewicz is caught offside.
Attempt missed. Angus MacDonald (Barnsley) header from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Conor Hourihane with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Barnsley. Conceded by Tomasz Kuszczak.
Attempt saved. Sam Winnall (Barnsley) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by James Bree.

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Robinson, 38, was sent off in the 53rd minute following a challenge involving Wolves striker Jon Dadi Bodvarsson.
Both players ended up on the floor, after which referee Stephen Martin showed Robinson a straight red card for violent conduct.
But an Independent Regulatory Commission has upheld Blues' appeal.
Martin has shown three red cards this season and all three have been rescinded - he sent off Newcastle pair Jonjo Shelvey and Paul Dummett in a game at Nottingham Forest on 2 December, but both dismissals were subsequently overturned.
The offence would have carried an automatic three-match suspension, but Robinson is now clear to play and available for selection when Blues host his former club, promotion-chasing Leeds United, at St. Andrew's on Friday.
Blues recorded only their second win under Gianfranco Zola when they hung on to beat neighbours Wolves 2-1 with only 10 men.
That lifted Zola's side 12 points clear of the relegation zone ahead of Friday's match, the first of 12 they have left to play this season.


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Question: An Israeli court has extended former Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's 18-month jail sentence for bribery by a month.

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The court rejected a plea bargain that would have seen Olmert serve six months for obstruction of justice concurrently with the bribery sentence.
Instead, he will serve five months concurrently and one consecutively.
Olmert, prime minister from 2006 to 2009, will become the first former head of government in Israel to go to prison when his sentence begins on Monday.
The 70 year old was handed a six-year sentence in 2014 after being found guilty of accepting, while he was mayor of Jerusalem, a 500,000-shekel ($129,000; Â£89,000) bribe from developers of one real estate project and a 60,000-shekel bribe in connection with another project.
But the Supreme Court subsequently cleared him of the charge of accepting the 500,000-shekel bribe and reduced his sentence to 18 months.
The Supreme Court is yet to rule on an appeal by Olmert against an eight-month prison sentence he was handed last year after being convicted of fraud and breach of trust for accepting illegal payments from an American businessman.
Olmert has denied accepting bribes or illegal payments, but did admit to attempting to persuade his former secretary not to testify against him.

Security and judicial sources said that he was being held as part of a corruption probe.
A statement from the prime minister's office said Mr Helal had resigned on the orders of President Abdul Fattah al-Sisi.
It is the first arrest of a high-profile official in such a case since Mr Sisi was elected in May 2014.
Reports say the arrest is in connection to allegations that officials took bribes to help businessmen illegally acquire state land.
Prosecutors had last week banned the media from reporting the investigation.
In May former President Hosni Mubarak was sentenced to three years in jail on corruption charges after a retrial.
His sons were given four years each in the same case, which centred on the embezzlement of $14m (Â£9.3m) earmarked for the renovation of presidential palaces.
Mr Sisi has promised to make the fight against corruption a focus of his administration.


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Question: Henrik Stenson says he'll take the Claret Jug skydiving if he successfully defends the Open Championship at Royal Birkdale this week.

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The Swede carded a joint-record eight-under-par 63 in the final round at Royal Troon in 2016 to win The Open by three shots after an enthralling final-day tussle with Phil Mickelson.
"I don't know which is going to be harder, winning the Claret Jug again or going skydiving - that thought scares me a little bit," he said. "It won't stop me from trying though."
Stenson, 41, has relished carrying the Claret Jug around the world - he has even taken it jet-skiing - and said he was sad to hand it back to the tournament organisers.
"It had become like part of the family," he said. "It's an iconic trophy. It's been the busiest year, but also the best year in my professional career."
Stenson will partner former world number one Jordan Spieth in the first two rounds at Royal Birkdale, a player he is seeking to emulate as a multiple major winner.
"Once you win one, obviously that's off your shoulder," he said.
"I think that's pretty much what we're aiming for, a few more chances to win more major championships."
For his part, Spieth is aiming to bring an end to the streak of first-time major winners that started with Jason Day's 2015 PGA Championship win and most recently saw Brooks Koepka win the US Open.
The run of first-time winners now spans seven majors, and 23-year-old Spieth believes it underlines just how hard it is for one player to dominate.
"It's very tough to do," the American said. "You have to have a lot of things go right at the right times.
"Guys are winning younger, playing more fearless, even in major championships. I think it's going to be a very exciting time.
"You'll see a group of 10 to 12 guys over the next 15-20 years, that are going to have a lot of different competitions that come down the stretch with each other.
"It's different than one person being the guy to beat. But I think it's exciting."
England's Chris Wood, and Americans Mark O'Meara and Ryan Moore will be the first group away at 06:35 BST.
Stenson and Spieth get under way at 09:47, alongside South Korea's Kim Si-woo.

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The Welshman ended with a final round of 79 at Royal Troon.
The World number 79, who had failed to make the cut in his previous four competitions, struggled with the damp and windy conditions.
The 40-year-old will now turn his attention to the PGA Championship in Springfield, New Jersey on July 28-31.


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Question: South Africa bowler Vernon Philander could miss the start of next month's Test series with England after injuring his ankle in a warm-up football game.

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The 30-year-old had to be helped off the field after an accident during a training session for the second Test against India in Bangalore.
Scans revealed a ligament tear in his left ankle, with Philander due to be out for "at least six to eight weeks".
England's Test series against South Africa starts in Durban on Boxing Day.
"Vernon stepped on Dean Elgar's foot by accident in our warm-up," said Proteas batsman AB de Villiers. "It was a very freakish accident, to be honest. He is very unlucky."
South Africa have called up paceman Kyle Abbott to replace Philander, who has taken 126 wickets in 32 Tests, for the rest of the four-match series, with the visitors currently trailing 1-0.
Philander's injury could mean he misses the first two Tests of England's four-game series in South Africa - the second Test in Cape Town on 2 January quickly following the first.
"The first Test match against England is six weeks away so it will be a tight schedule to get him ready and rehabilitated to make that Test match," said South Africa team manager Dr Mohammed Moosajee.
"Once he has been assessed back home in Cape Town and a proper programme for physio and rehabilitation has been put into place we will have a clearer understanding."

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The 28-year-old suffered the injury to his right hand during January's tour of India but a scan confirmed he has sufficiently recovered.
The Nottinghamshire batsman will rejoin his international team-mates three days before the first match in Antigua on 3 March.
Hales tweeted: "Antigua tomorrow. Can't wait to get back amongst it!"
"Alex Hales arrives tomorrow evening local time," the ECB confirmed.
"He will continue his rehab with us until the medical and coaching teams deem he is fit enough to join the squad officially."
England warmed up for their three-match one-day series in the West Indies with a 117-run win over a Vice Chancellor's XI.
An unbeaten 47 from Chris Woakes led England to a narrow two-wicket win over a President's XI in their final warm up game in the West Indies on Monday.
Jonny Bairstow earlier made 86 to push his case for selection for the first ODI on Friday.
Meanwhile Jake Ball is to undergo a scan after sustaining a leg injury.


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Question: A 34-year-old man has died after his car crashed into a barrier on the M8 motorway in West Lothian.

The Mitsubishi L200 he was driving came off the westbound carriageway near Livingston at about 01:15 on Saturday.
The man was seriously injured and died a short time later. The road was closed for five hours to allow for recovery and investigation work.
Police officers have appealed for witnesses to the crash - or anyone with information about it - to contact them.
Sgt Andy Gibb said: "Sadly, a 34-year-old man has died as a result of a road traffic collision on the M8 during the early hours of Saturday, May 14.
"Our thoughts are with his family at this extremely difficult time and we will continue to provide them with support as and when they need it.
"Our inquiries into the full circumstances surrounding this collision are ongoing and I ask anyone who was travelling on the M8 at around 1:15am on Saturday, May 14th, to contact us immediately if not already done so."

The Scottish Fire and Rescue Service and Scottish Ambulance Service were alerted to the incident at about 09:30.
It happened next to the A82 road where it crosses a swing bridge on the west side of the city.
The woman was understood to have got herself out of the canal.


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Question: Oscar-winning actress Lupita Nyong'o is to star on Broadway in Eclipsed, a play written by Walking Dead actress Danai Gurira, according to reports.

Eclipsed is a hard-hitting drama about women captured and raped by a Liberian rebel officer.
The sell-out play marked the 12 Years a Slave and Star Wars star's stage debut when opening earlier this year.
Gurira, who plays Michonne in huge TV hit The Walking Dead, is the award-winning writer of four plays.
BBC Entertainment Live: News updates
Eclipsed is considered notable as a rare production written by a woman to get a spot on Broadway.
There has been only one other this current season, an adaptation of Emile Zola's horror story Therese Raquin, written by the British playwright Helen Edmundson.
Eclipsed also stands out for dealing with the difficult subject matter of rape in Africa.
The last play to cover the issue was Ruined in 2009, although it was controversially not granted a Broadway run despite its success.
Oskar Eustis, the artistic director of the off-Broadway Public Theatre, where Eclipsed is currently running, told the New York Times he hoped its main stage run would "break a barrier that will stay broken".
"It's an incredibly emotional play and by the end very deeply touching and harrowing, and yet Danai has written it so beautifully it ultimately feels life-affirming, about how women in horrible circumstances are able to find their own agency."
Zimbabwean-American Gurira's other plays are In the Continuum, The Convert and Familiar, which also deal with female identity and race.
Nyong'o, who was born in Mexico and raised in Kenya, became an overnight star with her performance in 12 Years a Slave, winning last year's best supporting actress Academy Award.
They are part of an ethnically diverse production team which African-American producer Stephen Byrd says is also rare.
"There's a market out there that has not really been addressed with plays that can draw a cross-section of people to theatre," Byrd said.
"It's going to be an interesting season, and it's very healthy for Broadway."
Eclipsed finishes at the Public Theatre on 29 November and begins previews at Broadway's John Golden Theatre on 23 February, Hollywood Reporter said.
Its official opening will be on 6 March.

Kidman was named best actress for her role as pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin in the play Photograph 51.
The award for best actor went to McAvoy for his performance in The Ruling Class.
The awards, hosted by Rob Brydon, took place at London's Old Vic theatre on Sunday night.
Picking up her award, Kidman said it was "extraordinary" to win.
The Oscar-winning star had returned to the London stage for the first time in 17 years to play Franklin, the only woman involved in the discovery of DNA's double helix in 1953.
The actress said she had taken on the role in memory of her scientist father who died in 2014.
"Every night before I would go on stage I would kneel in front of his photograph and look into his eyes and he would give me the strength to go and do it every night," she said.
Imelda Staunton won the best musical performance prize for Gypsy. She scooped the same category at last month's UK Theatre Awards.
Written in the 1950s with lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, Gypsy opened in Chichester in 2014 before it transferred to London's West End.
Sondheim, who turned 85 this year, was honoured with a special award presented by co-hosts Dame Judi Dench and Sir Ian McKellen at the end of the ceremony.
The prize for best play went to The Mother with the Hat by Stephen Adly Guirgis - the only award won by the National Theatre from its seven nominations.
Directed by Indhu Rubasingham, the cast included Desperate Housewives star Ricardo Chavira as Jackie, a recovering addict just out of jail who returns to live with his girlfriend but notices another man's hat in their apartment.
The public-voted Radio 2 audience award for best musical went to Kinky Boots, which features songs by Cyndi Lauper.
Robert Icke was named best director for Oresteia, part of the Almeida Greek season that recently completed its transfer at Trafalgar Studios.
Gemma Arterton was named best newcomer in a musical for her musical theatre debut in Made in Dagenham.
Stage veteran Vanessa Redgrave received the editor's award from daughter Joely Richardson and shortlisted actor Ralph Fiennes.
The ceremony included musical performances from Imelda Staunton, performing Everything's Coming Up Roses from Gypsy, and Pixie Lott singing Moon River from the production of Breakfast at Tiffany's, which opens in the West End next year.


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Question: Plans for a £45m state-of-the-art college campus near the centre of Cardiff have been unveiled.

Work on the wedge-shape building for Cardiff and Vale College (CAVC) south of Cardiff Central station will start in the summer to open in autumn 2015.
As well as providing education and training facilities, it will also have a rooftop restaurant, gym, spa, beauty salons, shops and a conference centre.
CAVC was formed after the 2011 merger of Barry College and Coleg Glan Hafren.
The merger comes as part of the Welsh government's bid to transform post-16 education and training in Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan.
The new facility will be built in the financial enterprise zone on former industrial land off Dumballs Road.
The college says it will be the largest construction project in Cardiff when it begins and facilities will be open to the public seven days a week.
The development is being backed by a £20m grant from the Welsh government.
"When Cardiff and Vale College was created, a vision was set out to transform learning across the capital region of Wales," said Mike James, its principal and chief executive.
"As part of this, the college produced a 10-year capital development programme to create sector-leading learning environments for the community throughout Cardiff and the Vale.
"Over the next decade, this ambitious and exciting proposed plan will see us working with partners, securing funding and developing centres for learning that are second to none.
"Our new city centre campus is a significant first part of this."
The Welsh government's Education Minister Leighton Andrews said this type of building is what is needed to prepare students for employment or higher education.
He added: "The £20m that we are providing towards the cost of CAVC Canal Parade will help transform the delivery of further education and training across Cardiff and the Vale.
"When completed, this impressive new building will become a focal point for learners, employers and communities, helping to drive forward economic activity within the region."
CAVC is the latest in a string of colleges to build new facilities in Cardiff in recent years.
In 2007 the University of Glamorgan opened the Atrium, its first site in the capital, but plans for an expansion have been put on hold.
And in 2011, the Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama in Cardiff celebrated the completion of a £22.5m redevelopment, which included a 450-seat concert hall.

Coventry University's Scarborough campus has been built on the town's former Weaponness Park and Ride site.
About 200 students have begun courses at the site, though it is expected to eventually be home to more than 2,000 students.
The building, which includes engineering and science labs, a mock law court and a library, is part of a £50m sports and education facility.
Professor Craig Gaskell said: "Launching our new state-of-the-art building is a huge milestone for us and demonstrates our commitment to Scarborough and the Yorkshire coast area."
A new University Technical College has been built nearby and Scarborough Athletic FC's new 2,000-seater stadium is also under construction on the site.
Coventry University also has a campus near London's Liverpool Street Station and recently announced it will open a campus in Dagenham in September 2017.


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Question: Labour's Jeff Cuthbert has been elected Gwent police and crime commissioner.

Turnout: 165,794 valid votes (38.3%)
Second preference votes are only used if no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote. The top two candidates then receive the second preference votes from their eliminated opponents.
See also:
Gwent Police covers the local authority areas of Newport, Torfaen, Blaenau Gwent, Monmouthshire and Caerphilly councils.
It stretches across 600 sq m and has a population of more than 576,700 people.
A busy section of the M4 runs through the force area in the south, all the way to the Second Severn Crossing.
The force currently employs 1,285 officers, 835 staff and 191 community support officers. The workforce is 10% smaller than it was in 2010, according to the force.
The current chief constable is Jeff Farrar, who was appointed after former-chief constable Carmel Napier resigned in 2013 in controversial circumstances.
Gwent Police budget for 2016/17 £130.7m. Other than Welsh and UK government funding and £5.8m in income, some £47m is expected to come from the police precept on council tax.
In 2016/17 the council tax precept was set at £220.06 for a band D property.
That compares to £207.85 for South Wales, £200.07 in Dyfed-Powys and £240.12 in North Wales Police force areas.
The PCC was planning efficiency savings in 2016/17 of £4.3m,
Recorded crime in Gwent rose by 4% between September 2014 and September 2015.
There was a total of 37,306 incidents, excluding fraud.
Incidents of violence against the person rose by 26% during that period, although all but one police force recorded a rise in that category of offences. Sexual offences rose by 24%, but incidents of burglary fell by 11% and criminal damage and arson by 1%.
In the last annual inspection of police forces by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC), inspectors found the force has made considerable progress in improving quality and standards and has a good approach to investigating crime and managing offenders.
HMIC said Gwent was good at preventing crime and anti-social behaviour and had a strong relationship with a wide range of partners.

Dilwyn Roberts has been the authority's leader for the last nine years but has held a seat since 2004.
But the 66-year-old will not stand at the upcoming council elections in May.
Mr Roberts will also leave his role as chairman of the North Wales Economic Ambition board.


Question: represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Ellie Downie won her first British Gymnastics Championships women's all-around title at Liverpool's Echo Arena on Saturday.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

The 17-year-old was the only woman from the Rio Olympics to complete four apparatus, and scored 55.350.
"I've worked so hard for this," Downie told British Gymnastics.
"It's been a bit up and down in training this week. To get back to full fitness hasn't been easy but it just shows the hard work has paid off."
Claudia Fragapane qualified top for Sunday's floor apparatus final with a score of 13.75.
Olympic floor bronze medallist Amy Tinkler only competed on bars, qualifying in the last spot.
Joe Fraser, 18, said he was left feeling "speechless" after winning the men's all-around title in his first year in the senior competition.
Absent stars Max Whitlock, Nile Wilson and Kristian Thomas will also be missing at the forthcoming European Championships in Romania.
"To come away with this is something I would never have expected before the competition," said Fraser.
"There are more competitions where I need to prove myself but hopefully I can secure myself a space."

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary:

Smith, 25, won a silver in the pommel horse event in 2012 and was part of the group that collected a team bronze.
He won pommel horse gold at the recent British Championships and is in a six-man squad for the event in Montpellier.
Four-time Commonwealth Games gold medallist Claudia Fragapane, 17, is one of four gymnasts in the women's squad.
She is joined by European and Commonwealth bars champion Becky Downie, her younger sister Ellie and 2015 British all-around champion Amy Tinkler, who makes her senior international debut.
The event begins on 15 April and World Championships all-around silver medallist Max Whitlock is also in the men's squad, as are Sam Oldham, Kristian Thomas, Daniel Purvis and Courtney Tulloch.
After the Olympics, Smith took a break from the sport and spent some time working in television programmes, winning the Strictly Come Dancing title in December 2012.
But he returned to gymnastics in 2014 and won a pommel horse bronze and a team gold while representing England in the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Police investigating the murder of James McDonagh in Toomebridge last weekend have arrested a woman.

Mr McDonagh, who was 28 and from Castledawson, was assaulted outside a bar last Sunday morning.
The 33-year-woman was detained in Banbridge on Saturday morning and is being questioned on suspicion of withholding information.
A 24-year-old man appeared in court on Thursday charged with murder.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

The 27-year-old had been arrested in Eglinton on Thursday night.
Three men arrested by police in County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland on Thursday morning were all released without charge a day later.
Police described the attack as a "clear attempt to murder" officers.
The officer and his wife are both members of the PSNI.
The device was discovered at Glenrandel in Eglinton in the early hours of Thursday morning and 15 houses were evacuated.


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Question: How can a sport that generates more than £1.1bn per year in revenues have teams at the back of the grid desperately struggling to make ends meet?

That is the question hanging over Formula 1 after both Marussia and Caterham went into administration, leaving the grid with only 18 cars - the lowest number for nine years.
In many ways, though, it is the wrong question. After all, football generates much more money, yet leading clubs still get themselves into financial trouble.
But there is no doubt F1 faces tough times, and the central talking point is whether the money is being shared in the right way.
Other smaller teams, such as Sauber, Force India and Lotus, are struggling to survive, while larger ones live in a different world, of budgets of hundreds of millions of pounds, underwritten by huge global companies.
Is it sustainable?
Not according to the smaller teams, whose frustrations at the situation boiled over into anger at last weekend's US Grand Prix, with Force India's deputy team principal Bob Fernley saying they were considering boycotting the race in protest.
That was never likely to happen, and although the word boycott is still being bandied about, it isn't likely to in the future either.
Nevertheless, most in F1 recognise the sport is at a crossroads, and there are demands for the money to be redistributed more equitably. Talks are ongoing.
So where does F1's money go?
Unsurprisingly, the big ones. Red Bull and Ferrari both have budgets in the region of £250m a year, perhaps a little less in Red Bull's case and a little more in Ferrari's. Mercedes' and McLaren's are a little less - at just under £200m.
But in the case of both Mercedes and Ferrari, that figure does not count the money they spend on manufacturing engines, for their works teams and their customers.
In Mercedes' case, that is another £140m or so.
There is then a yawning chasm to the rest of the grid - with Lotus operating on something like £130m, and Williams, Force India, Toro Rosso and Sauber about the £100m mark, a little more or a little less depending on the team.
Marussia and Caterham were reputedly getting by - or not, as the case turned out to be - on £70m and £60m respectively.
Some teams are secretive about their finances, so some of these numbers are estimates, albeit informed ones.
The teams' incomes are made up of two main revenue streams - prize money from the commercial rights holders, and the teams' sponsorship deals.
Of F1's £1.1bn income, 63% goes to the teams, the rest to boost the profits of the commercial rights holders (CRH). The main shareholder is a venture capital group called CVC Capital Partners; various banks and investment companies also hold shares.
The contracts that define how the teams get paid are confidential and each team has its own commercial deal with the CRH.
However, this is believed to be how it works. Bear with me, because it might make your head hurt.
Just under half (47.5%) of the profit - about £500m in the last year of results - is split in half.
One half is divided equally between the top 10 teams as defined by their results over the previous three seasons; the other is split between the top 10 from the previous year alone, with each position receiving a given percentage. The higher up you finished in the constructors' championship, the more money you get.
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There is also a separate pot called the constructors' championship bonus (CCB), which is about £187.5m and split between Ferrari, Red Bull and McLaren, with Ferrari earning by far the most.
In addition, the two other teams deemed historically important and who also have permanent places on the rule-making F1 strategy group - Mercedes and Williams - each get payments of just over £18.8m.
And £6.25m is given to each team not in the top 10 but competing in the championship.
On top of that, before any money is divided up, Ferrari receive a bonus just for being in the championship, on the basis of the value their presence is perceived to give the sport.
That is worth 5% of the revenues - 2.5% of the promoter's share and 2.5% from the teams' pot. This is about £56.25m this year.
As you can see from the structure above, yes, but with an important exception.
Ferrari look like they will finish fourth in the constructors' championship this season.
But the structure of the rest of their contract means they will earn more money from F1's income than Williams, who are on course for third, and possibly Red Bull, who will be second.
How long is a piece of string? It depends on the level of the team's ambition.
To have any realistic hope of winning races consistently and challenging for the championship, a team needs an income of at least £200m.
But if you marshal your money wisely, put together an exceptional and well-focused group of people and have the right engine and drivers, it is possible to be competitive - in terms of qualifying in the first two or three rows and having a hope of perhaps snatching the odd win - on half that.
Williams are proving that this year, as did Lotus in 2012 and 2013.
But the lack of resources of those teams mean that achieving this alchemy is very hard (just look at Force India, who have the same Mercedes engine as Williams) and keeping it going is also very difficult (see how Lotus have plummeted this season as a result of a lack of investment/budget shortfalls in 2013).
And lots of money is no guarantee of success if your technical department does a bad job - hence McLaren's appalling form of 2013 and 2014 after winning seven races in 2012.
They most probably will be if they are in F1 for any length of time, but not necessarily in the way you might imagine.
The very best are paid huge salaries and are rich beyond their wildest dreams.
Lewis Hamilton's salary at Mercedes is £19.3m per year plus bonuses. Fernando Alonso is reputed to earn well over £15m - and possibly as much as £21m - from Ferrari.
Sebastian Vettel will not be far behind, if at all. And Jenson Button is on a reputed £12.5m at McLaren, possibly more. Daniel Ricciardo won't be there yet, but the way he has driven this year means he will surely soon join that elite group.
World-class talents such as these earn these sorts of sums for years on end, guaranteeing a sumptuous lifestyle for the rest of their lives.
But, just as with the teams, the chasm down to the next level is huge.
The second level of drivers - the likes of Romain Grosjean, Nico Hulkenberg and so on - will be on a few million.
Newer recruits, even those there on the basis of talent alone and in established teams, will earn less again. Valtteri Bottas, for example, is believed to be on a couple of million at Williams; Kevin Magnussen a few hundred thousand at McLaren.
And then, reflecting the financial troubles of the smaller teams as a whole, there is a substantial number of drivers who pay for their seats, although they all earn a salary of varying sizes out of that figure.
The biggest payer is Pastor Maldonado, who takes a budget of £30m to Lotus - as he did to Williams in 2011-2013 - courtesy of his backers, the Venezuelan state oil company.
Swede Marcus Ericsson, who bought his way into F1 with Caterham this year, has earned a Sauber drive for 2015 on the back of a reputed £15.7m budget from his personal sponsors.
The struggling Swiss team are expected to make a decision about who drives their second car based largely on the funds he can bring as well, with their Dutch reserve driver Giedo van der Garde tipped for the seat.
Of the current grid, at least five drivers owe their positions to financial backing in one way or another.
And if Marussia and Caterham still existed, that number would climb to nine - although in Jules Bianchi's case, he is at Marussia at the behest of Ferrari, who provide the team with engines.
As ever in F1, money makes the wheels turn. And without it, everything comes to a juddering halt.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article:

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Here we look at some key questions in light of the latest numbers from the biggest study of its kind in Europe.
Richard Conway, 5 live sports news correspondent
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The Premier League has never been richer, with UK and overseas TV deals handing clubs £8.5bn in revenue over three seasons.
However, the way the money is divided up between the clubs is one of the most equitable in world football - the ratio between what the champions earned and what the club languishing in 20th place received was just 1.52 to 1 last season.
Once variable payments for TV appearances were made, Arsenal emerged as the top earners, collecting £101m, with Aston Villa picking up £66m despite being relegated.
The Premier League believes this demonstrates that competitive and financial balance within the league is alive and well.
But this season, the new TV deals kicked in - meaning the clubs will earn even more.
That has led to concerns over rampant wage inflation among players - but the majority of Premier League clubs have posted operating profits in recent seasons, so as long as the revenue levels are maintained or continue to rise, then big salaries are set to stay.
Parachute payments to relegated clubs have also continued in order to help bridge the financial gulf between the Premier League and EFL.
Last season payments ranged from £25.9m to recently relegated clubs such as Hull City and QPR through to £10.5m to the clubs relegated three and four years ago who are yet to return, such as Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers, Reading, Wigan Athletic and Wolves.
Natalie Pirks, BBC sports news correspondent
After a concerted effort by organisations such as Spirit of Shankly, the Liverpool fans, group, and the Twenty's Plenty campaign, Premier League clubs voted unanimously in March to cap away ticket prices at £30 for the next three seasons.
The Premier League says in a statement that it shows "clubs are listening to their fans and working hard to make sure that Premier League football is accessible, as well as competitive and compelling".
It does - but fan groups argue that, given the bumper global TV rights deal, they could still do even more.
Malcolm Clarke, of the Football Supporters' Federation, put it into context, saying: "If I tell you that with their £8.3bn deal, they could afford in the Premier League to let every single fan in free for every game, and still have as much money as under the previous deal, that gives you an idea of the scale of money they've got."
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For club boards, this is a very real problem; how to maximise their profit without making fans - the lifeblood of the game - feel like they're being taken for a ride. Burnley's chief executive David Baldwin explained to the BBC why they have frozen prices.
"We're seeing living costs go up, we're seeing utilities go up at home and fuel going up," he said. "People operate on a budget, so if we can help contribute by being sustainable and at the same time being accessible and affordable to supporters, then that's a win-win for all parties because ultimately you want fans in the ground cheering the team on."
And the Premier League agrees, with a spokesperson saying: "Full and vibrant grounds are a significant part of what makes the Premier League a great football competition."
But with prices of things such as half-time pies, cups of tea and children's replica shirts on the increase, modern-day football continues to be a season-on-season test of fans' loyalty.
Phil McNulty, chief football writer
I think there is a growing awareness among fans in the Premier League, which is where I watch games as well as the Champions League, of the sort of money clubs are earning through attendances and the last TV deal.
This has certainly made them more switched on to the prices they are paying and making them more willing to speak out when they feel clubs can make things more affordable.
In other words, the price of football is now something that is really locked into their consciousness and there is no sign that is going to change. They are less likely to be taken for granted now.
I was at a Liverpool game towards the end of last season, and in a general chat with a fan, he was very keen to discuss pricing policy at football matches and how it needed to be controlled.
It came after a protest at Anfield in February, when thousands of fans walked out in the 77th minute of Liverpool's game against Sunderland because of plans, later withdrawn, to raise ticket prices to £77.
Liverpool's owners scrapped the plan, saying they had been "mistaken".
The Liverpool fan I spoke to said this demonstrated supporters still carried power to stop prices getting out of hand.
He said: "One thing I can't stand, and there is a banner at Anfield saying the same thing, is when supporters are described as customers - and I don't particularly mean Liverpool when I say that.
"We support our club but we're not customers. We can't just take our business elsewhere because prices are too high. It doesn't work like that as a football fan.
"We are loyal to the club, and we have an emotional attachment but that doesn't mean we can't make our feelings known when we think something is wrong."
Adam Parsons, BBC Newsnight
Every time a Premier League TV rights deal is signed, two things happen. Firstly, people whistle and say the figure is incredible - because it is. Secondly, someone predicts that we've reached the ceiling. And that prediction has (almost) always been wrong.
Ever since Rupert Murdoch decided that top-flight English football would be the "battering ram" to persuade waverers to become Sky subscribers, money has flooded into football. The last Premier League deal was worth more than £8bn, a huge increase on the previous deal.
Why? Well, TV companies see football as a way to persuade big audiences to maintain a subscription. And advertisers like football, too - just look at the expensive ads that crop up at half-time.  And subscriptions and adverts are what subsidises those huge rights deals.
Recently, though, viewing figures have dipped, which might suggest the price would come down. But the field of bidders seems to be getting wider - Sky may face competition from BT, Amazon, Discovery, ESPN and others next time around, while the global and internet rights are sure to rise, too. I'd be surprised if we've reached a ceiling.
Adam Parsons, BBC Newsnight
It's hard to see how the Football League can get to mega levels. Yes, the number of companies bidding for content has gone up - and English football is certainly a draw. It's easy to imagine the likes of Discovery or ESPN wanting to bid for Championship matches, but they won't pay anything like the money that goes to the Premier League.
Brighton and Hove Albion have a turnover of about £24m at last measure - that's about the same as Manchester United generate in a fortnight. The Football League TV deal is a fraction of the Premier League's.
But if you're an aspiring Championship billionaire, here's a thought. Wolves have signed a deal this season to broadcast 10 of their games on a Chinese pay-per-view broadcast channel.
Yes, Wolves are owned by a Chinese company, but what's notable here is that they've done their own deal, away from the league's collective bargaining agreement.
If that catches on, it might generate more money - but it could also widen the gap between the Championship's rich and not-so-rich teams.
Adam Parsons, BBC Newsnight
According to the club's website, Manchester United now have 25 official partners. The most r`ecent name to add to the list was a company called Mlily, which became United's official global pillow and mattress partner. And yes - in football, we now have partners, not sponsors.
There is no team in Britain to touch United when it comes to making money. The club's commercial income was £260m last year, enhanced by a kit deal from Adidas that pays around £75m per year.
The club's commercial tentacles have crept around the world and, for all the abuse that has come their way, the impetus for that has come from the arrival of the Glazer family a decade ago.
They brought with them a very American focus on marketing, which has now become commonplace in England's top tier.
So Watford have an official foreign exchange trading partner; Arsenal have an official Indonesian telecommunications partner and just about everyone has an official betting partner. Manchester City have 35 official partners, including a phone company in Cameroon.
And that's where the future lies.
As the Premier League's popularity grows around the world, the commercial opportunities will grow in tandem.
China and South-East Asia are seen as huge market - but it may not be an equal battle. Clubs with established reputations, notably Manchester United, Liverpool and Arsenal, will find it easier to sign big-money deals than anyone else.
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Question:
this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article.

E.g. ['This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article.', "Sainsbury's has scrapped its plans to create around 500 jobs with a new store in Pembrokeshire."] == ['Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary', 'The company announced on Friday that following a review, the 60,000 sq ft (5,570 sq m) superstore at Slade Lane, Haverfordwest, was "no longer viable".\nPembrokeshire council leader Jamie Adams said he recognised the "economic pressures" the firm was under.\nSainsbury\'s has now sold the land back to development company Conygar which is building 700 homes at the site.\nA Sainsbury\'s spokesman said: "Since the proposals were first announced shopping patterns have changed considerably, with an increased customer focus on convenience and online food shopping."\nA spokesman for Conygar said the land would be incorporated into its plans to build 729 residential units on the 86 acre (34 hectare) site.'] != ['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', 'The supermarket bought Kiddicare, which is best best-known as an internet retailer, last year for Â£70m.\nMorrisons will spend Â£15m converting the outlets and says it will create 700 jobs as part of its plan to give the chain a physical retail presence.\nKiddicare currently only runs one store, which is in Peterborough.\nIt is the largest children\'s outlet in Europe.\nThe new outlets will offer drive-in services such as children\'s car seat-fitting.\nKiddicare chief executive Scott Weavers-Wright said: "These 10 flagship stores will put Kiddicare within easy driving distance of nearly a third of the UK population."\nKiddicare\'s main rival, Mothercare, has been struggling to reverse falling sales.\nThe purchase leaves just one Best Buy store - the one in Derby. The chain was brought to the UK through a joint venture between its US parent and Carphone Warehouse.\nThey were intended to shake up electrical retailing, but were closed this month.\nKiddicare said that although the acquisition would create 700 jobs, it would not be taking on the 1,100 former Best Buy workers, who are understood to have taken other roles within Carphone Warehouse.\nMorrisons plans to start opening the new stores in Merry Hill, Aintree, Rotherham, Nottingham, Thurrock, Hedge End, Croydon, Hayes, Bristol and Enfield by the autumn.']

Question: Mining giant Rio Tinto has lowered its minimum acceptances target slightly in a last ditch effort to takeover South Africa's Riversdale Mining.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Rio's offer of 16.50 Australian dollars ($16.42; Â£10.14) is now conditional on 47% of shareholders accepting it by 6 April.
Previously its minimum target was 50%.
The move came after talks on the A$3.9bn offer between Rio and Riversdale major shareholder, Brazil's CSN.
If it fails to reach the new threshold, Rio Tinto will pay Riversdale shareholders only A$16 a share.
So far only 41% have said yes.
The other key shareholder in Riversdale is Tata Steel of India, which recently increased its stake to 27% and also has a director on the company's board.
CSN, Brazil's largest steelmaker, has also increased its Riversdale stake to 19.9%.

The consortium is led by MMG Limited and includes China's Citic Metal.
The acquisition is subject to regulatory approvals but all parties expect the deal to be done by the end of September.
Analysts expect Glencore to use the proceeds from the sale to reduce its debt.
The mine is expected to produce more than 450,000 tonnes of copper a year in its first five years.
China relies heavily on the metal, which is used in electronics production.
Ivan Glasenberg, Glencore's chief executive, said in a statement: "Since we acquired Xstrata... our team has taken decisive steps to de-risk Las Bambas, which has culminated in this compelling offer from the consortium."
"Our willingness to sell reflects the level of the offer and our conviction that we can utilise the sale proceeds to create additional shareholder value."
Glencore and Xstrata merged in May last year.
China gave its approval to the merger after Glencore agreed to sell its stake in Xstrata's copper mining project in Peru to a buyer approved by Chinese authorities. The mining giant also agreed to supply a minimum volume of copper concentrate to China for a period of eight years.
The country's authorities were concerned that the merger between Glencore and Xstrata would have given the business too much power over the copper market. China is the world's biggest buyer of copper.
The Peru copper mine deal comes days after UK department store chain House of Fraser sold a majority stake in its business to the Chinese conglomerate Sanpower, in a $803m deal.
That acquisition represents China's largest foreign retail investment and gives Sanpower an 89% share in House of Fraser.
And earlier this year personal computer maker Lenovo spent around $5bn on acquisitions, which included the purchase of IBM's low-end server unit.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: A man has been arrested in connection with a serious assault at a bookmakers in Glasgow.

The attack happened outside William Hill in Sauchiehall Street on Sunday 12 March.
A 27-year-old man was treated in hospital for a head injury.
A Police Scotland spokesman said a 30-year-old man had been arrested and was the subject of a report to the procurator fiscal.

A 28-year-old man has been arrested on suspicion of causing death by careless driving and is in custody.
Gwent Police said the incident happened at about 15:05 BST on Friday outside the Queens Hotel on Bridge Street.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: The UK government will buy nine new marine patrol planes from Boeing in a decade-long deal worth £3bn.

The Ministry of Defence's deal for the submarine-hunting P-8A Poseidon aircraft also covers training, maintenance and support.
Boeing will build a new £100m facility for the planes at RAF Lossiemouth in Moray.
The US company will also deliver 50 Apache AH-64E attack helicopters to the British Army.
Boeing expects to create about 2,000 new UK jobs in the coming years by expanding its maintenance and support operations for both military and commercial customers in Europe.
Prime Minister David Cameron announced the P-8A deal on Monday at the start of the Farnborough Airshow.
He said it showed that the UK was open for business despite the referendum vote to leave the EU.
"Whatever uncertainties our country faces, I want the message to go out loud and clear: the UK will continue to lead the world in both civil and defence aerospace," Mr Cameron said.
Take off for the Farnborough Airshow
A history of the Farnborough Airshow
The P-8A planes will fill a gap in the UK's defence capabilities that has existed since 2010 when the Nimrod was retired.
"Boeing is committed to the UK government's prosperity agenda and we share the goals of enhanced economic growth that the prime minister has set out to us," said Dennis Muilenburg, its chief executive.
Boeing has doubled its UK workforce and more than doubled its annual spending with the UK supply chain over the last five years to more than 2,000 people and £1.8bn respectively in 2015.
Separately, the UK government announced a further £365m worth of aerospace research and development, to be jointly funded with industry.
The Farnborough show is expected to see a crop of aircraft orders announced, although not as many as the record haul of £204bn at the last event in 2014.
Nevertheless, the long-term prospects for the industry are positive, Boeing said.
Also on Monday, the company unveiled its latest annual outlook for demand for civil aircraft. Boeing predicted that huge growth in air travel over the next 20 years will mean demand for more than 39,600 new aircraft.
The company said the biggest growth would come from Asia, as airlines and fleet operators expand and replace aircraft.
The increase marks a 4.1% rise on Boeing's forecast in 2015, with the aircraft valued at $5.9tn (£4.6tn).
Passenger traffic will grow 4.8% a year over the next two decades, Boeing said.
"Despite recent events that have impacted the financial markets, the aviation sector will continue to see long-term growth, with the commercial fleet doubling in size," said Randy Tinseth, vice-president of marketing at Boeing Commercial Airplanes.
In an industry that needs long-term planning and investment, Boeing's annual Current Market Outlook, launched on Monday at Farnborough, is regarded as one of the most comprehensive analysis of industry trends.
Boeing said the strongest growth would come from Asia, with demand for 15,130 new aircraft, followed by North America, with 8,330 aircraft. Europe is third, with a demand for 7,570 aircraft.
As well as growth in air travel, demand will also be driven by airlines' need for more fuel-efficient and environment-friendly aircraft.
Boeing said the most popular market segment would continue to be for single-aisle - or narrow-body - aircraft, which are the workhorses of the industry. The US manufacturer predicted that more than 28,000 single-aisle aircraft would be needed over the next two decades.
"Airplanes that size already account for 76% of the current single-aisle global backlog, and our products have the clear advantage in that space," said Mr Tinseth.
A report published last week by Alix Partners, a global advisory firm, estimated that Boeing and rival Airbus already had a 13,400-order backlog stretching years ahead, fuelled by demand for narrow-body aircraft.
Boeing and Airbus have been ramping up production of their 737 and A320 families of aircraft to meet the single-aisle demand, and have new products in preparation that they hope will win orders at this week's Farnborough show.
Meanwhile, other manufacturers, including Canada's Bombardier, are trying to chip away at the bottom end of the single-aisle segment.
Demand for larger aircraft, the wide-body segment, will be for 9,100 aircraft, with airlines forecast to step up fleet replacements between 2021-2028, Boeing said.
With cargo traffic forecast to grow at 4.2% a year, Boeing forecast a need for 930 new freighters and 1,440 converted freighters over the next 20 years.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Michael Fallon said the date for cutting the first steel would safeguard hundreds of skilled jobs until 2035.
He also announced that a contract for two new offshore patrol vessels would be signed shortly, securing jobs before the Type 26 frigate work is under way.
Unions welcomed the news but said the UK government had not delivered on all promises made to the Clyde shipyards.
Mr Fallon also announced a £100m contract with the consortium MBDA to deliver the Sea Ceptor missile defence system for the ships.
The Type 26 frigate is principally designed for anti-submarine warfare and will partially replace the current Type 23 frigate.
Each ship will carry a crew of 118, have a top speed of more than 26 knots and a range of 7,000 nautical miles. The first vessel is due to enter service in the early 2020s.
An £859m initial development deal to build the combat ships, at BAE's Govan and Scotstoun yards on the River Clyde in Glasgow, was signed in February 2015.
But the project has been scaled back from an initial 13 ships to eight and hit by repeated delays, with concerns that jobs could be lost as a result.
Mr Fallon, who is visiting the BAE yard at Govan, told the BBC's Good Morning Scotland programme that the announcement was a "huge moment for the Clyde".
"We are confirming we are going ahead with the steel cut next summer, quite a bit earlier than some suggested, of the first of the eight Type 26s that we pledged to in the strategic defence review last year," he said.
"This is work for the next 20 years building these eight Type 26 anti-submarine frigates."
The defence secretary added: "We also hope to conclude, before Christmas by the way, the negotiations on the two offshore patrol vessels that were also promised in the strategic defence and security review last year, which will help fill in the gap before the work on the Type 26 starts."
The promise of new Royal Navy orders to secure the Clyde shipbuilding industry was made before the Scottish independence referendum in 2014.
The number of planned new frigates was later scaled back from 13 to eight in the Strategic Defence Review, with the MoD now planning to build five smaller Type 31 warships in addition to the Type 26 fleet.
First Minister Nicola Sturgeon welcomed the announcement but pointed out that it was not the same deal that was promised before the referendum.
"The promise hasn't been kept in full, so the number has reduced and there has been a real delay in getting this work started," she said.
Ms Sturgeon described the delay as "regrettable" and "disappointing" and said it had been a source of anxiety for the workforce at both yards.
She added: "Nevertheless, it's a welcome announcement and I really hope now that it doesn't slip any further and that the commitment that has been made today is delivered in full."
Gary Smith of the GMB union said it was "fantastic news" for the upper Clyde shipyards - though he said the UK government had not delivered on all its promises.
He told Good Morning Scotland: "We were told there was going to be a 'frigate factory' built on the Clyde that would allow us to deliver ships more efficiently.
"It would perhaps have given us the facility to build ships that could be exported.
"And Michael Fallon in truth was dragged kicking and screaming to this announcement today after we exposed the fact that his government did plan to move some of the work originally planned for the Clyde, down south.
"But cutting through it all, great news for the workforce and great news for the economy in greater Glasgow as well."
The Unite union said the announcement safeguarded shipbuilding at the two Clyde yards "for the next generation".
The union's regional coordinating officer, Kenny Jordan, said: "Our members have been living with uncertainty for too long and this is a testament to the lobbying and campaigning that they have done over the last two years.
"We have a workforce at Govan and Scotstoun with world-class skills who are eager to get on with the job - and eager to see more work coming in the future.
"This announcement secures the future of shipbuilding on the upper Clyde, supports skilled jobs in manufacturing and will provide opportunities for apprentices and trainees, making sure that we safeguard skills for the next generation."
The defence secretary said design work on the Type 31s was ongoing and he was unable to promise the work would come to the Clyde yards.
But he told the BBC that BAE systems would be in "pole position" to win the orders.
Work on the frigates was originally due to start this year. Unions raised concerns in April that up to 800 jobs could be lost at the Clyde shipyards if there was any backsliding on commitments.
The yards currently employ more than 2,500 people, though hundreds of jobs have been lost over the past two years as BAE has reduced shipbuilding capacity.
Scottish Economy Secretary Keith Brown also welcomed the news as a "tribute to the skilled and dedicated workforces at Govan and Scotstoun", but criticised the "continuing wait" for the MOD's basing review in Scotland to be completed.
The Scottish government has written to Mr Fallon asking for a meeting to discuss plans for base cuts in Scotland, with sites like Fort George and Kinloss facing an uncertain future.
25 March 2010: BAE signs £127m contract to design Type 26 frigates for Royal Navy
11 October 2010: Sixth and last of the Royal Navy's new Type 45 Destroyers launched on the River Clyde
6 November 2013: Scottish Secretary warns that plans to build new Royal Navy vessels in Glasgow could be endangered by a Yes vote in independence referendum
1 December 2014: Defence Secretary Michael Fallon confirms the UK's new warships will be built on the Clyde
20 February 2015: Ministry of Defence signs £859m initial development deal on Type 26 Frigate. Manufacturing phase is expected to begin in 2016.
23 November 2015: Prime Minister David Cameron announces in defence review that eight new Type 26 Global Combat Ships will be built on the Clyde, scaling back on initial plans for 13 warships
23 April 2016: First Minister Nicola Sturgeon calls for "cast iron assurances" jobs will not be lost at Clyde shipyards because of contract delays
27 June 2016: No deal to build new generation of Royal Navy warships will be signed until it offers "value for money", Mr Fallon says
19 October 2016: UK government refuses to say when the next generation of Royal Navy warships will be built
4 November 2016: Defence secretary confirms first steel on the new frigates will be cut in the summer of 2017 with contracts for two offshore patrol vessels to be signed shortly.


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Question: Hours after the Reina nightclub attacker was caught in Istanbul this week, the Turkish government's press office sent out a tweet, quoting President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

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"I served as PM of Turkey for 14 years," it said. "People's life style has never been interfered with and will not be henceforth."
It was a repetition of what the president had said in his first speech after the New Year's Eve attack - "Nobody's lifestyle in Turkey is under systematic threat. I ask the liars saying it: who interfered with your food or drink or clothes?"
Mr Erdogan was responding to allegations that his Islamist-leaning government fostered a climate in which non-Muslim celebrations and alcohol-fuelled parties could be targeted.
In the run-up to the Reina attack, posters and pro-government newspapers carried pictures of a Santa Claus figure being punched and warnings not to celebrate New Year.
In the end, Reina appears to have been targeted as a high-profile location full of tourists, rather than because of what it represented. But the attack has revived a debate over whether Turkey's secular side feels threatened by its pious one.
The narrow streets of Asmali Mescit in central Istanbul were once teeming with nightlife. Alcohol flowed and music played late into the night. Today, most bars have closed down or are largely empty.
It's partly because of the security threat, as the number of foreign tourists plummets and Turks fear venturing out, but also partly because of government restrictions on alcohol.
Under strict laws passed in 2013, an alcohol-licensed bar must be more than 100 metres from a school or a mosque and bars can no longer have tables outside.
"The whole system is geared around impossible regulations so we can't renew our alcohol licence," said bar-owner Kamil Erturk. "They come and say 'your bar stools are too high' or 'if you're a restaurant and people dance after dinner, you're violating your licence'." Mr Erturk had to close his second bar because his alcohol licence was revoked.
"When Erdogan says nobody's lifestyle is under threat, I can only laugh bitterly," he said. "It's not just alcohol, we feel the pressure in every sphere. They manipulate public opinion through the media and online trolls. Anyone who wants to lead a different life is under threat."
Turkey's secular-religious divide has always existed. The Turkish Republic founded by Ataturk in 1923 aimed to look westwards, with a secular constitution and strict control of religion, which for decades ostracised the conservatives.
When Mr Erdogan came to power in 2003, he appeared to bring together the two wings, revoking a decades-long ban on women's headscarves in public institutions but at the same time winning support from many liberals.
But the expanded middle class that emerged under his rule clamoured for more, and his spirit of inclusiveness cracked. Nationwide anti-government protests in 2013 sparked by development plans on Istanbul's Gezi Park were the tipping point.
"Most of us in the park were saying 'stop meddling with how I want to lead my life'," said one of the protest organisers, who was afraid to give his name - an indication in itself of how Turkey has changed.
He went on: "Erdogan was saying women should have at least three kids and there was growing pressure on secular institutions. When it came to asking for more democracy - or true democracy - they said we were separatists or detrimental to society."
From the former deputy prime minister telling women not to laugh in public, to Mr Erdogan calling anybody who drinks "an alcoholic" or rejecting mixed-sex university dormitories, the lifestyle rhetoric has hardened, emboldening the conservatives.
A woman wearing shorts was recently beaten on a public bus; a party in a record shop during Ramadan was attacked by local Islamists; and pro-government newspapers blast out headlines against secularism or leftists. There's a siege mentality in the government and a sense of two visions of the country colliding.
"We who wear headscarves were the ones who were oppressed before this government", said Elif Devecioglu, a designer of Islamic women's fashion, which has become Turkey's fifth-largest industry.
"Academics were taking 17-year-old girls into a room to persuade us not to wear headscarves. It was psychological violenceâ€¦ a crime against humanity. This government has the intention to represent all sides but 14 years is not a long time to change mentalities."
Much has changed in Turkey in a relatively short time, and the pious now hold power while the secularists feel under threat. But Turkey also feels dangerously polarised - a trend likely to deepen as constitutional change is disputed.
Mr Erdogan wants to appoint himself head of the executive, scrapping the prime minister and giving the president sweeping powers to appoint ministers and choose most judges. He argues, with the support of his government, that it will unburden Turkey from unwieldy parliamentary coalitions. The opposition says it'll entrench totalitarianism.
Today's Turkey faces myriad threats and challenges, and yet its response is to fracture, to deepen existing chasms in society. The country is increasingly at war with itself.

Searches were carried out at two houses in western Turkey, as officials said he faced charges of being a member of an "armed terrorist organisation".
A former MP for the ruling AK party, Hakan Sukur is a known supporter of the cleric blamed for the botched coup.
He moved to the US several months ago.
A warrant was also issued for the ex-footballer's father, Sermet Sukur. He was arrested in his hometown of Adapazari after he was seen at a local mosque and reported to the police.  Sermet Sukur for years acted as his son's manager.
Hakan Sukur's twitter account and website were not publicly accessible on Friday. However, he has expressed support for cleric Fethullah Gulen in the past.
Mr Gulen lives in self-imposed exile in the US and the Turkish government has called for his extradition to face trial on charges of masterminding the failed 15 July coup. He denies involvement.
Some 270 people died and many more were wounded when parts of the armed forces tried to seize power.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan responded by purging the military and public services of tens of thousands of people suspected of following Mr Gulen, whom the government accuses of setting up a parallel state.
Hakan Sukur went on trial in absentia in June for insulting President Erdogan on social media and the decision by prosecutors to seek his arrest is not seen as a surprise because of his support for the US-based preacher.


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Question: The fatal stabbings of two friends in Nottingham within 24 hours are "not believed to be linked", police said.

A 19-year-old man remains in custody after the death of Martin Maughan, 27, in West Walk, Sneinton, early on Saturday morning.
But the stabbing of a 38-year-old man in Mill View Close on Sunday morning is being treated as a separate incident.
The second victim has not been identified and no arrests have been made in connection with his death.
A 43-year-old man arrested after the killing of Mr Maughan has been released on bail.
Chief Inspector Mark Stanley said extra patrols have been put in place in Sneinton to reassure residents.
"(Crime) scenes have been established at both of the incidents to make sure all available evidence is secured and preserved.
"The early indications are that these incidents are confined to people who are known to each other and who were at addresses they were invited to," Ch Insp Stanley said.
The second victim was holding a party celebrating the life of his friend when he was stabbed, the BBC has been told.

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The 36-year-old man was attacked in an alleyway, between Cranley Road and Bayswater Road, in Barton, Oxford at about 20:45 GMT on Saturday.
His injuries are not thought to be life-threatening. Police said it was a "highly unusual and isolated" attack.
No details have been released about the offender but officers have appealed for information.


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Question: The 13th Glasgow Film Festival opens later with a European premiere kicking off 12 days of screenings and events.

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More than 300 films will be shown at what is now one of the largest film festivals in the Britain, including world, UK and Scottish premieres.
The opening night features John Butler's Irish coming-of-age film Handsome Devil.
It closes with the world premiere of Mad To Be Normal, starring David Tennant.
The festival will also showcase the world premiere of Benny, the story of local hero Benny Lynch, widely considered the greatest boxer Scotland has ever produced.
Screenings will be shown at traditional film theatres across the city as well as pop-up cinemas such as the Snow Factor at Braehead and the Barras.
The festival runs from 15-26 February.

John Carpenter's 1982 sci-fi horror The Thing was shown on an inflatable big screen at Snow Factor at Braehad.
The event, on Thursday, was a sell-out, complete with huskies and an ice bar.
The 13th annual festival runs until Sunday. It closes with the world premiere of Mad To Be Normal, starring David Tennant.
The festival features more than 310 separate events, showcasing 180 films from 38 countries.
Screenings and events have been taking place at film theatres across the city as well as at another pop-up cinema at the Barras.


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Question: Oxford made it four wins in five years after beating Cambridge by just over a length in the 163rd Boat Race.

Oxford led throughout and although Cambridge tried to stay in touch, they were unable to get past the Dark Blues.
Earlier, Cambridge took advantage of a dreadful start by Oxford to claim a first win in the Women's Boat Race since 2012.
They dominated to win by 11 lengths in a course record of 18 minutes and 33 seconds.
In the men's race, Oxford started better and showed their strength over the course, finishing in a time of 16 minutes 59 seconds.
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The Dark Blues, who included brothers Oliver and James Cook in their crew, pushed hard around Hammersmith Bridge and although Cambridge had the higher stroke rate, Oxford were able to use their power to stay ahead.
"The harder the race, the more you can savour it at the end," Oxford president Michael Disanto, who rowed for the United States at the Rio Olympics, told BBC Sport afterwards.
"There is nothing like this. We were better on the day and we wanted it.
"In the autumn nothing was going our way and we have been building and it has culminated in this."
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Sunday's races had been in doubt after a suspected World War Two shell was discovered by the River Thames and there was more drama at the start of the women's race.
Oxford's Rebecca Esselstein made an error with her oar, known as catching a crab, and her crew never recovered.
It allowed the Light Blues, featuring four members of last year's crew who almost sank on the river, to quickly get into their rhythm.
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Catching a crab is where a rower loses control of their oar and does not remove it from the water at the end of the stroke and the oar acts as a brake, generally ending the boat's chances of winning.
Cambridge president Ashton Brown was thrilled to be on the winning side after losing in both 2015 and 2016.
"I'm so proud of the team and the squad this year." she told BBC Sport.
"I couldn't have done it without the squad and I just had an awesome job leading them."

Wales beat Scotland Women for the first time in more than a decade in the first of a three-Test series in Glasgow on Friday.
They achieved victory in the series thanks to Tina Evans, who scored the only goal of Sunday's second Test.
Wales will look to complete a clean sweep over their rivals is the final match on Monday, 29 May, 11:00 BST.
Find out how to get into hockey with our special guide.


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Question: A cat has had to have his paw amputated after it was caught in an illegal trap, the RSPCA has said.

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The pet, named Oreo, was found in Rhostrehwfa, near Llangefni on Anglesey after he managed to drag himself to a local house.
The metal spring-operated device is used to catch animals, but while it is legal to own, it is illegal to set.
A neighbour freed Oreo using bolt cutters and he was taken to a vet but his paw could not be saved.
The RSPCA has appealed for information about the trap being set.
Inspector Mark Roberts said: "We're sure somebody in the local area will know something about this sorry incident."

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The animal was discovered with horrific injuries in Gosfield Road, Bromley, in south London.
It is illegal under the Wildlife and Countryside Act to harm a wild animal and vets believe the fox was running away when it was speared on Saturday.
A spokesman for the RSPCA said the injury would have caused the animal a great deal of pain and the crossbow only narrowly missed vital organs.
The animal is being treated at the Fox Project charity in Tunbridge Wells and anyone with information about the crossbow attack is asked to contact RSPCA or police.


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Question: A strand of hair believed to be from the head of former French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte's head has sold for £130 at auction in Dorset.

It was bought by an individual from the Dorset area in a phone bid.
A piece of paper found with the hair said "A single hair of Napoleon Bonaparte's head 29th August 1816" and "5th May 1821' - the date Napoleon died.
The strand of hair was attached to a piece of paper by red sealing wax.
Auctioneer Max Beaumont, of Cottees Auction House, Wareham, said it was found in a drawer by a colleague doing a home valuation.
He said they found a small goldsmith's box and expected to find a watch, but instead they found the folded paper.
The hair is understood to have been owned by the family for the whole of the 20th Century, but has not been professionally analysed.
The initial estimate was £100 to £200.
Mr Beaumont, who at 19 claims to be one of the youngest auctioneers in the country, said: "There has been a lot of interest."
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French emperor who conquered much of Europe. He was defeated in the Battle of Waterloo and  imprisoned by the British on the remote Atlantic island of St Helena, where he died on 5 May 1821.

The "nine dragons" ceramic hat stand had been kept on a table in the hallway of a Welsh house since the early 1950s.
It had originally been made for the Qing-era emperor Dauguang in the mid-19th Century but was later converted to a lamp.
The stand sold for more than £280,000 above the £300,000 guide price at Christie's in King Street, London.


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Question: Prime Minister Manuel Valls has upset political rivals and historians by invoking the symbol of the French republic, Marianne, in the row over "burkini" beach bans.

"Her breast's exposed because she's feeding the people; she isn't wearing a veil because she's free," he said.
But opponents were quick to seize on his remarks as the race hots up ahead of next year's presidential elections.
One historian said his use of Marianne as a feminist symbol was "moronic".
Mathilde Larrere, an expert on the French Revolution, said Marianne was an allegory and the use of her naked breast "just an artistic code" and nothing to do with femininity.
The issue of the full-body swimsuit, known as a "burkini", has overshadowed French politics in the wake of the militant attack on Nice in July. As campaigning kicks off for next year's presidential election, Republican candidate Nicolas Sarkozy has called for the swimsuit to be banned.
Mr Valls last week defended the right of local mayors to impose beach bans, although France's top administrative court has said the bans breach fundamental freedoms.
And, addressing a Socialist Party rally attended by several ministerial colleagues, he said the French had to reclaim patriotism in the face of Islamist totalitarianism, insisting there should be no compromise on the role of women.
But when he invoked Marianne, Social Affairs Minister Marisol Touraine and Education Minister Najat Vallaud-Belkacem did not applaud.
Green politician Cecile Duflot said the prime minister's remark was comical because Marianne's head was covered with a Phrygian cap, another symbol of the French Revolution. She shared several images on social media from a National Assembly exhibition, including one describing Marianne as "a little part of all of us".
Mathilde Larrere set out in a series of tweets why the prime minister had been wrong to invoke Marianne to support his argument.
The renowned Eugene Delacroix painting depicted Liberty, she said, and not a republic.
During the 19th Century there were two competing images of Marianne that mirrored two differing concepts of the republic, she said. A wise, fully clothed, unarmed Marianne and a Marianne with a Phrygian bonnet, sword and exposed breast.
Radical revolutionaries would espouse the naked Marianne and more conservative republicans the clothed figure, Mathilde Larrere explained. And none of the men of that period had imagined giving women civil powers, freedom or the right to vote.
Le Figaro political correspondent Sophie de Ravinel said that Manuel Valls had departed from his text to make the remarks, and she pointed out that while Marianne's breast was exposed, her head was covered too.
Over the years, the faces of several leading French women have been used to symbolise Marianne, including Brigitte Bardot, Catherine Deneuve and Laetitia Casta.
More recently, there was some controversy over the reported use of a topless Ukrainian protester who was said to have inspired the face on France's national stamps.
Inna Shevchenko founded the bare-breasted movement Femen and was granted asylum in France in 2013.

The court said the ruling was legal but many religious groups were outraged.
The Collective Against Islamophobia in France (CCIF) said it would appeal against the decision in France's highest administrative court.
Authorities in Cannes and nearby villages voted to ban full-body swimsuits or burkinis from the end of July.
The court said the ban was legal under a law which prohibits people neglecting common rules on "relations between public authorities and private individuals" on the basis of religion.
The judge noted the ban came "in the context of the state of emergency and recent Islamist attacks, notably in Nice a month ago".
But CCIF lawyer Sefen Guez Guez, said he would lodge an appeal with the Council of State, the highest administrative body in France.
"This decision opens the door to a ban on all religious symbols in the public space," he added.
France is on high alert following a series of incidents including July's truck attack in nearby Nice.
Anyone caught breaking the new rule could face a fine of €38 (£33). They will first be asked to change into another swimming costume or leave the beach.
Nobody has been apprehended for wearing a burkini in Cannes since the edict came into force at the end of July.
This is not the first time that women's clothing has been restricted in France. In 2011 it became the first country in Europe to ban the full-face Islamic veil, known as the burka, as well as the partial face covering, the niqab.
Earlier this week a private waterpark near Marseille cancelled a burkini-only day after being subjected to criticism.


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Question: Two men from Rochdale have been charged with slavery-related offences after a Greater Manchester factory was raided by police.

Thirteen Slovakian immigrants were found at Iqbal Bros picture frame factory in Rochdale, on Monday.
Mohamad Iqbal, 51, of Belmont Way and Najum Mohammed Iqbal, 40, of Harrison Close are both charged with knowingly requiring another person to perform forced or compulsory labour.
Both have been remanded in custody.
The pair are due to appear at Bury and Rochdale Magistrates' Court on Wednesday.
Three other men arrested as part of the police operation have been released on bail pending further enquiries.

Police Scotland officers launched raids alongside Merseyside Police's Matrix Serious Organised Crime unit.
William Williamson, 31, of Perth, and Candice Gorman, 31, and Donald Campbell, 46, both of Irvine, will now be interviewed by police in Liverpool.
All three are charged with conspiracy to supply controlled drugs.
The Scottish arrests follow the charging of 22 people in Merseyside, South Wales, Devon and Cornwall last week after a series of co-ordinated dawn raids led by Merseyside Police.
Large quantities of Class A drugs, cannabis and cash were recovered during the searches.


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Question: About 70 households are still without power in north Wales after heavy rain and high winds brought disruption.

Engineers worked through the night and morning to restore electricity to 550 homes in Conwy and Corwen, Denbighshire after 700 lost power on Saturday.
Overnight, firefighters pumped water from the cellars of properties in Beaumaris, Anglesey, as well as from the moat of the town's castle.
Meanwhile, RNLI crews from north Wales are helping with flooding in Cumbria.
Rescue team members from Gwynedd, Vale of Glamorgan, Bridgend, Anglesey, Pembrokeshire, Ceredigion, Neath Port Talbot and Denbighshire have gone to assist.
In Wales, two flood warnings remain in place, but the Met Office said rain was expected to ease across Wales on Sunday.
Scottish Power said the high winds and flooding had hampered their work to restore electricity to homes but engineers were continuing to reconnect properties.
Penmon Coastguard Rescue Team said it was called out on Saturday evening to support police with flood prevention work and sandbagging at the seaside town of Beaumaris.
Meanwhile, trains have started running again between Bangor and Holyhead after earlier cancellations due to flooding at several locations, although Arriva Trains Wales said there could still be delays.
On Saturday, two people were rescued from their cars after becoming trapped in flood water.
A 33-year-old man was winched to safety in Llandygai near Bangor, and a woman was helped by firefighters from her stranded car in Beaumaris, Anglesey.
North Wales Police also had to close a number of streets surrounding Mostyn Champneys Retail Park, Llandudno, Conwy, after wind damaged Currys and Home Bargains.

The Met Office, which monitors the weather for the UK, has warned that this Christmas's bad weather isn't over, with a second storm is on its way.
Storm Conor is expected to hit northern areas of Scotland on Boxing Day, with winds of up to 90 miles per hour.
On Friday, gusts of wind from Storm Barbara reaching almost 120 miles per hour were recorded on the summit of Cairn Gorm in Scotland - one of the highest points in the UK.
Elsewhere, high winds created disruptions and cancelations to trains and ferries, and a lightning strike caused power cuts for thousands of homes in Scotland.
More snow and ice are expected, and the Met Office has issued weather warnings telling people to be careful, and stay safe.


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Question: A passenger plane had a near-miss with a drone at 10,000ft as it approached Heathrow Airport.

Pilots spotted a gadget with multiple arms and up to eight rotors pass by the right hand side of the plane as it was preparing to land.
Both pilots exclaimed: "Was that a drone? At 10,000 feet!", air safety experts UK Airprox Board (UKAB) said.
The drone was estimated to be about 98ft (30m) away from the plane and "safety was not assured", UKAB added.
Large drones are not permitted to fly above 400ft (121m) or within proximity of airports or airfields.
It happened on 11 November 2016, so quickly the Airbus A320 pilots said they had "no time to react".
The risk posed was classified as 'b', the second most serious out of five in which the safety of the aircraft may have been compromised.
Police officers were alerted at the time but they did not find the operator.
It was one of four near misses between aircraft and drones in the latest UKAB monthly report, and brings the total in the past 12 months to 59.
Ministers are considering mandatory registration for new drones to help regulate their use and the Department of Transport is consulting on how to improve drone safety.

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It is understood that pensioner became disruptive on board the plane and had to be restrained by cabin crew.
Police were waiting for the Air Canada flight when it landed at the airport at about 20:15 local time on Friday.
It was on its way from Frankfurt in Germany to Toronto in Canada.