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Question: Essex fast bowler Matt Quinn has been ruled out for the rest of the summer because of a persistent back problem.

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The 24-year-old will have an operation next week and it is hoped he will be back for the start of the 2018 season.
New Zealander Quinn joined Essex in December 2015 but is not an overseas player as he has a UK passport.
Quinn has taken 101 first-class wickets at an average of 28.40 and registered career-best figures of 7-76 against Gloucestershire last season.
Essex are top of Division One in the County Championship with a 29-point lead over Lancashire in second.

The 24-year-old was injured during the County Championship match with Durham at the Oval earlier this month.
Scans show Ansari has suffered "moderate soft tissue damage" to his left thumb, but has not sustained any ligament damage.
He missed the defeat at Yorkshire this week and Surrey say the left-armer will be out for "the immediate future".
Ansari was forced off the field on day three against Durham after being hit while bowling.
He required surgery on the same thumb at the end of last season, having dislocated it in Surrey's Championship match against Lancashire in September - on the same day he received his first Test call-up by England.


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Question: A 46-year-old man has been arrested in County Tyrone in connection with an investigation into a fatal shooting at a Dublin boxing match weigh-in.

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PSNI officers made the arrest in Strabane on Monday using a European Arrest Warrant held by the Republic.
He was arrested on suspicion of murder and firearms offences, and is due to appear at Belfast Recorder's Court on Tuesday.
David Byrne, 33, was shot dead at the Regency Hotel on 5 February.
Two other men were injured in the attack, which Irish police linked to a gangland feud in Dublin.
A European Arrest Warrant (EAW) allows individuals to be extradited between EU member states.

Vincent Ryan, 25, was shot dead in Finglas in Dublin on Monday after he had dropped off his partner and five-month-old baby.
The gunmen escaped in a silver Volkswagen Golf that was taken during a burglary in County Kildare in October.
Detectives are trying to establish where the car was kept until it was found burned on Monday night.
Irish police do not believe the murder of Mr Ryan, a dissident republican, is connected to the murder of David Byrne at a boxing weigh-in at a Dublin hotel last month.
Mr Ryan had been charged with possession of guns linked to the fatal shooting of Dublin criminal Michael Kelly but was later acquitted, although he remained a suspect in the murder.
His killing is believed to be connected to a feud between dissidents and criminals in Dublin that led to the murder of his brother Alan Ryan three-and-a-half years ago.


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Question: Voters are going to the polls in the Netherlands in the first of three crucial eurozone elections this year.

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The race is dominated by Prime Minister Mark Rutte's centre-right party and that of Geert Wilders, running on an anti-immigration platform.
Mr Rutte has said the election is an opportunity for voters to "beat the wrong sort of populism".
Mr Wilders has pledged to take the Netherlands out of the EU, close all mosques and ban the Koran.
His Freedom Party had been leading in opinion polls but they have since suggested his support may be slipping.
France goes to the polls next month to elect a new president while Germany is due to hold a general election in September.
Wednesday's election also comes amid a diplomatic spat between the Netherlands and Turkey.
While a populist surge is still possible in the Dutch ballot, a host of other parties could also do well, leaving Dutch politics fragmented, the BBC's Damian Grammaticas reports from The Hague.
As parliamentary seats are allocated in exact proportion to a party's vote share and no major party wants to be in a coalition with Mr Wilders, he has little chance of entering government however well he performs, our correspondent says.
In the run-up to the vote, party leaders took part in televised debates, with Mr Rutte and Mr Wilders clashing over how to stem immigration.
Mr Rutte dismissed Mr Wilders's plan to close borders and mosques and to ban the Koran as "fake solutions". Mr Wilders accused Mr Rutte of providing better healthcare for immigrants than for the Dutch themselves.
Lodewijk Asscher of the Labour Party, the junior party in Mr Rutte's coalition, called Mr Wilders a man of "10,000 angry tweets and no solutions".
The row with Turkey followed Mr Rutte's decision to ban two Turkish ministers from addressing rallies in the country.  In response, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan accused the Netherlands of being "Nazi remnants".
Mr Wilders described protesters who rioted outside the Turkish consulate in Rotterdam at the weekend as "scum".
One opinion poll suggested that the spat, and the riots in Rotterdam, had given anti-immigrant parties a boost.
Wednesday's election is expected to be followed by protracted coalition talks.
Analysts say a strong showing for Mr Wilders could foreshadow next month's presidential election in France, where far-right, anti-EU contender Marine Le Pen has widespread support.
In Germany, another right-wing party, Alternative for Germany, is expected to win seats for the first time in September.

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"Another terrorist attack in Paris," Mr Trump wrote. "The people of France will not take much more of this. Will have a big effect on presidential election!"
The previous day, during a joint press conference with Italian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni, Mr Trump had quickly labelled the incident a "terrorist attack" - before even French authorities had done so.
"It's a very, very terrible thing that is going on in the world today," Mr Trump said. "And what can you say? It just never ends. We have to be strong and we have to be vigilant, and I've been saying it for a long time."
That last line is certainly true.
While the dynamics of French politics are decidedly different from those in the US, Mr Trump may recall that another incident in Paris - the November 2015 mass shooting at the Bataclan theatre - helped solidify his lead in the polls leading into the Republican presidential primaries.
"Everyone is now saying how right I was with illegal immigration and the wall," he tweeted several days after the attack two years ago. "After Paris, they're all on the bandwagon."
Mr Trump did not mention her by name, but the president seems to be predicting the Champs-Elysees shooting will be a boost for French nationalist candidate Marine Le Pen, who has campaigned on deporting suspected Islamic militants and a French withdrawal from the European Union.
Although Mr Trump has not formally met the French presidential candidate, she is close to some of the same advisers who helped craft the president's populist message during his campaign last year and was spotted in Trump Tower during the presidential transition in January.
Breitbart News, which was an early supporter of Mr Trump's improbable presidential bid, has also warmly covered Ms Le Pen's efforts.
"A new world is emerging, global equilibriums are being redefined by the fact of Trump's election," Ms Le Pen said the day after Mr Trump's presidential victory. "Their world is crumbling; ours is being built."
While critics may view Mr Trump's Friday morning tweet as an unwelcome effort to influence the politics of another nation, the reality is slightly more complicated than that. Earlier on Thursday former President Barack Obama spoke with another leading French candidate, Emmanuel Macron, who has campaigned in favour of a strong European Union and open borders.
"The main message I have is to wish you all the best in the coming days." Mr Obama said in an edited video of the call that Mr Macron posted on Twitter. "And make sure, as you said, that you work very hard all the way through because you never know, it might be that last day of campaigning that makes all the difference."
"Let's keep defending our progressive values," Mr Macron wrote. "Thank you for this discussion @BarackObama".
In other words, the French election - from an American perspective, at least - could be setting up a proxy battle between the current and former president and their competing views of economic nationalism versus liberal globalism.
A similar dynamic played out during last June's Brexit referendum in the UK, when Mr Obama tacitly endorsed the Remain camp, while Mr Trump heralded the Leave victory as evidence that his nationalist politics were gathering strength.
Now, after two notable defeats for the existing international establishment - in Brexit and Mr Trump's November election - Mr Obama may view Mr Macron as a last, best hope to stem a rising populist tide in the West. Although European Union supporters were heartened by the results in the recent Dutch elections, where nationalist candidate Geert Wilders was defeated, the French vote is a much more significant matter.
Mr Trump and his advisers may view Ms Le Pen as the hand that will deliver a death blow to the European Union and cement his own election as more than a quirk of American politics and, instead, as the harbinger of a new global order.
You can follow the first round of the French election on the BBC News website. Click here for all our latest coverage. On the day of the election, we will be running a live page bringing together the latest news, video and analysis.
On TV, you can watch a BBC World News Election Special, from 18:30 BST (17:30 GMT / 19:30 local time in France) on Sunday, which will be broadcast on BBC News in the UK and on BBC World News internationally, with Christian Fraser presenting from Paris.
For radio, BBC World Service will broadcast a special extended edition of Newshour from Paris at 18:00 GMT on Sunday.


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Question: South Sudan has missed a key deadline to create a transitional government, after the president increased the number of provinces from 10 to 28.

The plan for a unity government was part of a peace deal in August to end the civil war which began in 2013 when President Salva Kiir accused his then-deputy Riek Machar of plotting a coup.
The two sides blame each other for violating the terms of the agreement.
Thousands of people have been killed and millions displaced since 2013.
President Kiir, who said he had "reservations" about the August peace deal, appointed 28 new governors for the new provinces, just as rebel delegates arrived in the capital Juba, to begin work on the new government.
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The former president of Botswana and head of the Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission, Festus Mogae, told Al Jazeera the move was one of the many barriers to peace.
"One important one that has occurred, unfortunate in its timing, is the creation of 28 states because it's inconsistent with what is envisaged in the [peace] agreement and, therefore, it is not acceptable," Mr Mogae said.
The United Nations released a report this week, accusing both President Kiir's forces and Mr Machar's rebels of mutual killings, including "hundreds of extra-judicial killings, enforced disappearances, gang-rapes, sexual slavery, forced abortion, [and] massive child soldier recruitment".
Peter Schumann, former director of the UN Mission in Southern Sudan told All Africa he would have been surprised if the transitional government had been established.
"Both parties have different agendas and do not follow their agreements," Mr Schumann said. "There is no peaceful solution, because both parties are trying to control territory and oil resources."

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The US would "hold to account" leaders who breached the deal, and would support sanctions against them, said state department spokesman John Kirby.
The US did not recognise President Salva Kiir's reservations about the deal, he added.
He signed the deal on Wednesday. Rebel leader Riek Machar signed it last week.
Fighting between forces loyal to the two men over the last 20 months has forced more than 2.2 million people from their homes in South Sudan, which broke away from Sudan in 2011.
The deal envisages Mr Machar returning to the government as vice-president.
His dismissal from the post in 2013 was one of the main triggers of the civil war.
Mr Kirby said the US did not "recognise any separate reservations made about the agreement".
"To end the fighting we call on all parties to adhere to the permanent ceasefire within the next 72 hours and begin the process of implementing this agreement," he added.
Mr Kiir listed 16 reservations when he signed the deal in front of regional leaders in South Sudan's capital, Juba.
They included concerns over a power-sharing government, and control of the army.
Full PDF of agreement
Peace deal worth the wait?
Five obstacles to lasting peace
The US had proposed a UN arms embargo and more sanctions from 6 September unless the pact was signed by the 15-day deadline given to Mr Kiir last week.
At least seven ceasefires have previously been agreed and then shattered - sometimes within hours.
Fighting broke out in December 2013 after President Kiir accused his sacked deputy Mr Machar of plotting a coup.
Mr Machar denied the charges, but then mobilised a rebel force to fight the government.


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Question: Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro has ruled out holding early elections amid calls from opposition groups for him to step down.

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Speaking on his television programme, Mr Maduro said "nobody should get obsessed with electoral processes that are not in the constitution".
His comment comes a day after the government and opposition groups agreed on a road map to resolve Venezuela's political and economic crisis.
Mr Maduro's term ends in early 2019.
The opposition blames Mr Maduro and his government for the dire state of Venezuela's economy.
The country is suffering from sky-high inflation and there are shortages of many basic goods, including medical supplies.
More than three-quarters of Venezuelans are unhappy with Mr Maduro's leadership, according to a recent poll.
But an attempt by the opposition to organise a referendum to oust Mr Maduro from office has stalled after the electoral council said that courts in several states had reported fraud in the campaign's preliminary petition.
The move caused outrage among opposition groups which then began to call for early elections as an alternative way to remove Mr Maduro from his post.
But speaking on his weekly television programme on Sunday, the president asked: "An electoral way out? Way out to where?"
Negotiators for the opposition Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD) and the government met on Friday for two days of Vatican-backed talks on how to end the political and economic crisis.
They released a joint statement in which they pledged to "live together in peace" and laid out a road map on how to defuse the situation.
While there was no mention of early elections in the joint statement, opposition lead negotiator Carlos Ocariz later announced that the MUD coalition would stay at the negotiating table only until it obtained early elections or a recall referendum.
After ruling out early elections, Mr Maduro mocked Mr Ocariz's statement saying that "it makes me very happy that the MUD will continue in the dialogue until December 2018".
December 2018 is when the next presidential election is due to be held if no early polls are called.
The next round of talks between the opposition and the government is scheduled for 6 December.
However, a number of opposition leaders have already called for protests, which had been halted as a sign of goodwill ahead of the talks, to resume.
The former opposition presidential candidate, Henrique Capriles, said that "the crisis is getting worse every day".
"The talks don't mean we have to renounce anything, the rights of Venezuelans can't be bought or sold, we have to fight and fight until we succeed," he added.

The sanctions freeze the US assets of those affected, and stop US entities from doing business with them.
Those targeted include the interior minister and the head of the army.
Last week, President Donald Trump vowed "strong and swift economic actions" if Mr Maduro held the poll, due on Sunday.
"Who do these imperialists in the United States think they are?" Mr Maduro said on Wednesday. "The government of the world?"
He also called the sanctions "illegal, insolent and unprecedented".
The vote, which Venezuela says will proceed as planned, is to choose the 545 members of a new constituent assembly that would rival the opposition-held National Assembly.
Critics say the president is trying to cement a dictatorship. He argues it is the only way to bring peace back to the divided nation.
The US sanctions also target the head of Venezuela's National Electoral Council, Tibisay Lucena, and former vice president Elías Jaua, who is leading the presidential commission organising Sunday's vote.
The inclusion of senior figures from the state oil company PDVSA underlines a further threat from Washington that sanctions on Venezuela's oil sector could be next.
Announcing the sanctions, US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said the US "will not ignore the Maduro regime's ongoing efforts to undermine democracy, freedom, and the rule of law".
"Anyone elected to the National Constituent Assembly should know that their role in undermining democratic processes and institutions in Venezuela could expose them to potential US sanctions," he said.
Mr Maduro has accused the US of stoking unrest against his government, but President Trump said last week that Washington "will not stand by as Venezuela crumbles".
A 48-hour general strike is currently under way in Venezuela, in protest at the planned vote.
A 30-year-old man was killed on Wednesday at a protest in Ejido, in the western state of Mérida. The cause of his death was not initially given.
More than 100 people have been killed in protest-related violence, since almost daily anti-government protests began on 1 April.
The unrest has further hammered an imploding economy that is running short of food and medicine.
Venezuela's opposition is refusing to take part in the elections for the assembly, which it says is a tool for Mr Maduro to entrench himself in power.
On Tuesday, opposition leader Leopoldo López called on Venezuelans to step up street protests, saying the president's plan to rewrite the constitution would bring an end to the country's democracy.
Speaking from his home, where he is held under house arrest, he called on the military to withdraw its support from the government.
"I invite you to not be accomplices to the annihilation of the republic, to a constitutional fraud, to repression," he said in a video posted on Twitter [in Spanish].
Demonstrations and a 24-hour strike held last week seem only to have hardened the government's resolve to go ahead with the election.
But the opposition says it is confident it will be able to shut down most of the country until Friday, when a massive demonstration has been scheduled in the capital, Caracas.


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Question: Michelle Payne, the only female jockey to win the Melbourne Cup, has been stood down from riding after testing positive for a banned substance.

A urine sample showed the Australian, who rode at Royal Ascot last week, had the appetite suppressant Phentermine in her system when tested on 11 June.
The sample was provided by Payne, 31, at the Swan Hill Cup meeting in Victoria.
Racing Victoria stewards in Australia will hold an inquiry on Thursday.
Payne has only just returned to Australia after she rode Kaspersky into fifth place in the Queen Anne Stakes at Royal Ascot on 20 June.
She was advised of the test findings and stood down from riding in races and trackwork by stewards on 23 June.
Payne made history in 2015 when she became the first female jockey to win the Melbourne Cup with Prince Of Penzance.
After her victory, she made headlines with her comment:  "I want to say to everyone else, get stuffed, because women can do anything and we can beat the world."
Her life story is being made into a film, produced and directed by actress Rachel Griffiths, who starred in Muriel's Wedding and Six Feet Under.
Payne made her Royal Ascot debut last week after serious injury ruled her out of the previous year's meeting.
She required surgery on her pancreas following a fall in May 2016 and spent a month in hospital.

Oliver and jump jockey Paul Hamblin - who was banned for 30 days - failed trackside breath tests at the Warrnambool racing carnival.
Both riders were stood down from races later in the day.
Oliver, 43, pleaded guilty and says he drank with dinner the previous night, adding to stewards: "I am very embarrassed and sorry about it."
In 2012, he was banned for 10 months after placing a £6,500 bet (AU $10,000) on a rival horse.


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Question: Stoke City have signed midfielder Steve Sidwell on a free transfer following his release by relegated Fulham.

The 31-year-old, Fulham's top scorer in 2013-14, will join the Potters on a two-year deal on 1 July.
"Steve was much in demand and we are delighted to have won the race to secure his signature," said Stoke chief executive Tony Scholes.
I'm sure he will prove to be an excellent addition
The former Chelsea player is the club's second signing of the summer following the capture of Phil Bardsley.
They are "hopeful" of landing ex-Manchester United striker Mame Biram Diouf from Hannover 96 as Mark Hughes seeks to strengthen a squad that achieved the club's record Premier League points tally last season.
Hughes signed Sidwell, who has made more than 180 appearances in the Premier League, while working as Fulham manager in 2011.
The former Arsenal trainee played in all 38 of the Cottagers' top-flight fixtures in 2013-14, scoring seven goals.
"Like Phil Bardsley, Steve brings great experience to our squad and I'm sure he will prove to be an excellent addition to our squad," said Scholes.
Sidwell, who has also played for Reading and Aston Villa, wrote on Twitter he was "saddened" his time at Craven Cottage had ended.

Ince, 23, has made 15 appearances for the Seagulls this term, but has only started one game in the Championship.
The former Chelsea trainee moved to the Amex Stadium in 2013 and signed a new three-year deal in September.
Morocco international Labyad, 22, has had spells at Dutch sides PSV Eindhoven and Vitesse.
Defender Fernando Amorebieta has returned from his season-long loan at Middlesbrough, while defender Kay Voser's contract with the London club has been terminated by mutual consent and Nikolay Bodurov has joined Danish club FC Midtjylland on loan for the remainder of the campaign.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


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Question: Calls have been made for a room in Wrexham where heroin users can inject safely under supervision.

North Wales Police and Crime Commissioner Arfon Jones said a so-called "fix room" could reduce drug deaths and the spread of infection.
He said the proposed plan came in response to Rhosddu residents' concerns over dumped hypodermic needles.
Mr Jones' comments come after a similar facility was recently announced for Glasgow.
The Glasgow centre, which will be the first of its kind in the UK, will aim to address the problems caused by users who inject on the city's streets.
Similar schemes already operate in 10 other countries, including Australia, Germany, France, Holland and Switzerland.
Mr Jones said: "At the moment, all you're getting is the authorities treating the symptoms of substance abuse and drug addiction rather than the underlying causes.
"Drug addiction should be treated as a public health issue rather than as a criminal matter."
If given the go-ahead, he said the rooms could also offer "wrap around" services such as health care, counselling, housing and welfare advice.
He said he also wanted to see a heroin-assisted treatment centre, which would see "chaotic" addicts prescribed medicinal heroin to help them beat their addiction.
He added this would also help tackle low-level street drug dealing.
Mr Jones said he was in discussion with members of Wrexham council about how such a project could work.
He added: "This approach would be better for those suffering from the blight of addiction, society in general and the residents of Rhosddu in particular.
"The people who make a good living out of drugs are the organised criminals. They are the people we need to be going after with all our might."

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Chris Kenny, the county's director of public health, warned that a batch of the drug being circulated was three times stronger than normal.
He said the six who died were part of a drug rehabilitation programme.
Potential users as well as hospitals, pharmacies and GPs have all been alerted about the risk.
Mr Kenny said all of those who died within the past week had been on the "road to recovery" as part of the Crime Reduction Initiatives (CRI) programme.
He said: "We're aware there's some heroin circulating in the community that's two or three times the purity.
"What's happened is [CRI] service users have obviously been taking this and have inadvertently taken a level that is dangerous to them and in six cases they have died.
"We're treating it as a public health emergency."
Mr Kenny confirmed that Nottinghamshire Police was investigating the deaths and the CRI has begun an internal inquiry.
Drug users, their friends and families, can call a 24-hour hotline on 0115 896 0798 for advice about the drug.


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Question: Kelly Sotherton has announced her retirement after failing to recover from a back problem in time to qualify for the heptathlon at London 2012.

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The 2004 Athens bronze medallist recently had an operation to remove a piece of disc and medics told her she could be running within six weeks.
But that means the 35-year-old misses the GB Olympics selection deadline.
"I was always retiring this year but it is disappointing it is just before the Olympics," Sotherton told BBC Sport.
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Sotherton, who also won Commonwealth gold in the heptathlon at Melbourne in 2006 and bronze at the World Championships in Osaka a year later, returned to the event last year after quitting it in favour of the 400m in 2010.
She was competing at the IAAF Combined Events Challenge in Italy earlier this month when she broke down in the 200m and said she knew immediately the injury was serious enough to end her dream of competing in London.
"I've had an injury-plagued back for eight years and had prolapsed discs in 2010 and it was a 50-50 risk going into this year," Sotherton explained.
"I didn't know if I was going to make the Olympics and I was halfway through a heptathlon three weeks ago and my prolapsed disc got worse, hit a nerve, I could hardly walk and my leg was terrible. It was horrendously painful.
"A couple of days later I had surgery on my back and that called time on my career.
"It was quite hard and I'm quite pleased I did it in my mind a few weeks ago. It only came out in the last couple of days so I've grieved for it a little bit."
Sotherton says she will now be supporting former rival Jessica Ennis and has backed her to claim gold for Great Britain in the heptathlon at London 2012.
"I think the hardest part is going to be watching the Games," added Sotherton. "I don't think it would be so bad if they were in another country but because they are at home and it is 24/7, it is on the telly all the time and you see the torch relay, it is really hard.
"Once the Olympics are over I think it will be fine. I need to learn to enjoy watching it and supporting everyone too."

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The 19-year-old won gold in the 100m backstroke while representing Ireland at the 2012 Paralympic Games but opted to switch to GB the following year.
Last year Firth, from Seaforde in Co Down, had to pull out of the British team for the IPC World Championships because of a broken wrist.
She has been named in a 25-strong GB squad for the European Championships.
They are being staged in Funchal, Madeira from 27 April to 8 May.
Firth revealed that, although her main aim for 2016 was to defend the Paralympic title won in London, she could actually go for four gold medals in Rio.
"I want to really push myself and show people what I can do," she said.


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Question: The jury in the case of two men accused of murdering a young mother in 1991 has retired to consider its verdict.

Prosecutors say 18-year-old Nicola Payne was abducted as she crossed wasteland on her way to her parents' house in Coventry.
Nigel Barwell and his brother-in-law, Thomas O'Reilly, deny murder.
The court was told the two acted together to get rid of her body, which has never been found, after she was killed on 14 December, 1991.
Mr Barwell, 51, of Copperas Street, Coventry, told Birmingham Crown Court he and Mr O'Reilly were in Rugby at the time of the alleged killing.
He described the case against him as "absolutely absurd" and denied deliberately delaying his attendance at ID parades held in 1991 and 1992.
Mr O'Reilly, 51, of Ribble Road, Coventry, broke down in the witness box after telling jurors that a well-built police officer had threatened to "do" him in early 1992.
He also said he was bundled into a van, blindfolded and questioned about Miss Payne's disappearance by a group of men later the same year.
The prosecution says Miss Payne's body was disposed of after being transported in a Ford Capri owned by Mr Barwell, who travelled to France shortly after she was reported missing.
Prosecutor Andrew Smith QC told the court DNA tests conducted on hairs found in a tent said to belong to Mr Barwell supported the conclusion that he and Mr O'Reilly murdered Miss Payne.
The tent was found near a river five days after her disappearance. Instructions for the tent were found inside Mr Barwell's Ford Capri in December 1991.

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David Craig Ellis, 41, has admitted killing Alec Warburton, 59, at a house in Sketty, Swansea, but denied murder.
The body of Mr Warburton was found in a disused quarry in north Wales over a month after disappearing.
The two-week trial at Swansea Crown Court has heard claims that the accused "lost control" after a request for sexual favours.
The jury was sent out to consider its verdict on Monday afternoon.


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Question: The family of one of the UK's top Mustang pilots, whose vintage aircraft crashed on Sunday killing a passenger, has been "encouraged by his progress".

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Provided: "['represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'Media playback is not supported on this device\nYet the manager describes himself as a man who has had "more failures than I\'ve had success".\nIt was a typically candid comment, coming in the aftermath of the momentous 3-1 win over Belgium in the quarter-finals of Euro 2016.\nWales are now just 90 minutes away from the lucrative final of a major tournament for the first time.\nTheir journey into uncharted territory has been an uplifting tale, and the spirit of the adventure has resulted in Coleman\'s stock rising to an all-time high.\nYet his journey to this pinnacle has not been straightforward. This is a story of a man who has shown great resolve in the face of adversity - and is now reaping the benefits of always "daring to dream".\nColeman\'s playing career ended prematurely and in brutal circumstances, as injuries sustained in a car crash in January 2001 forced the then Wales and Fulham centre-back to retire.\nDespite battling back to make a brief swansong appearance for Wales as a late substitute in the win over Germany in May 2002, Coleman had to confront the grim reality and announced his retirement five months later aged just 32.\n"He is not one for talking a lot about his innermost feelings. But after that [the crash] he did write me a letter," says Kit Symons, Coleman\'s former centre-back partner for Fulham and Wales.\nMedia playback is not supported on this device\n"It is probably the only time he wrote a letter to me and I have kept it to this day. I will not say what was in it and he probably won\'t thank me for mentioning it.\n"But arguably the accident was the biggest event of his life along with the birth of his children and getting married. For someone who is always laughing and joking and taking the Mickey, it showed the magnitude of what happened."\nColeman\'s son Sonny, now 23 and working as an agent, was 10 when his father had his crash.\n"He never let on how bad it was, larger-than-life character that he is," he says.\n"I didn\'t even see a change in him, but he knew he would have to retire. He tore his Achilles tendon, broke his fibula and tibia, shattered his knees - basically all the worst injuries you could imagine for a footballer.\n"Despite that, he was still himself, still laughing and joking. It was nice of [then Wales manager] Mark Hughes to give him those two minutes against Germany."\nColeman\'s final international appearance came as a substitute for a player making his first, Robert Earnshaw.\n"That was a great thing to do. I always respect it when there\'s that respect for players who are retiring, giving them a chance to say goodbye," says Earnshaw, who scored the only goal in that memorable victory.\n"I was making my debut so it was the beginning of my career and the end of his. It was a nice moment."\nThe silver lining of Coleman\'s early retirement was a fast-tracked route to top-flight management, succeeding Jean Tigana at Fulham in April 2003 to become the Premier League\'s youngest manager.\nHe impressed at Craven Cottage, guiding Fulham to four years of mid-table stability before a poor run of results led to his sacking in April 2007.\nColeman\'s next job was in Spain with Real Sociedad, fulfilling a long-standing ambition to manage abroad - but things did not go according to plan.\nLate for a news conference and untraceable on his mobile phone, when Coleman finally turned up an hour and a half later he told waiting journalists his washing machine had flooded his flat.\nHowever, Spanish newspaper Marca published stories suggesting Coleman had been out partying until 5am and the former Wales defender eventually admitted doing so, before apologising for his "mistake".\n"I have had to change quite a bit about myself and that is probably maturity as well," says Coleman.\n"When I was 32 I\'d look back to when I was 20 and think, \'Why did I do that; that was stupid\' and, equally now, I look back to when I was 32, 33 or 34 and think, \'I can\'t believe I did that\'."\nWith Sociedad just a point away from the automatic promotion places in Spain\'s second division, Coleman resigned - citing his untenable relationship with the club\'s president - and he returned to England with Coventry.\nFormer Coventry chairman Ray Ranson hired Coleman in 2008 but sacked him a little over two years later as the Sky Blues finished the 2009-10 season in 19th place in the Championship - their lowest league finish in more than 45 years.\n"We had a good working relationship but in the end it didn\'t help the situation that we were financially hamstrung by the people I owned the club with. I think we were both let down in that sense," says Ranson.\n"The players really liked him. Nobody at Coventry has a bad word to say against him. I do think international management suits him."\nIn an attempt to rebuild his reputation, Coleman took charge of Greek second division side Larissa - following a recommendation from Sir Alex Ferguson.\n"He\'d told me to take whatever came up, so I did," says Coleman.\n"If you get it wrong, two jobs running getting it wrong it\'s hard to get a third one. That\'s generally the rule. I got it wrong at Coventry. I could give you sob stories but, if I\'m honest, I should have done better.\n"A year out was good, thinking about my approach in and outside the job. But it was still the second division in Greece. One of the best things I\'ve ever done because you find out a lot about yourself out of a comfortable environment."\nWith Larissa\'s financial difficulties meaning Coleman went for long periods without being paid, he left again despite some encouraging results.\nHe secured the job of his dreams in January 2012, though it was in tragic circumstances as he succeeded Gary Speed as Wales manager following his close friend\'s death two months earlier.\n"I\'m here for a lot of right reasons and I\'m here for a lot of wrong reasons, and that doesn\'t really sit right with me," Coleman said at the time.\n"But of course I\'m extremely proud to be leading my country. It\'s my proudest moment."\nThe first few months of Coleman\'s reign were turbulent. After overseeing a friendly against Costa Rica in tribute to Speed, he lost his first four games in charge in earnest - the worst start by a Wales manager.\nThe most galling result was a 6-1 mauling by Serbia in Novi Sad, Wales\' heaviest defeat for 16 years.\nColeman considered his future afterwards but Earnshaw, who was in Wales\' squad that night, says the players were not aware of their manager\'s inner turmoil.\n"There was emotion but no hinting it was too much for him," he says.\n"It doesn\'t surprise me that he thought that, but when sometimes you can\'t see the end of the tunnel, it can be very, very difficult and dark."\nLess than a year into his tenure, Coleman was already under intense pressure.\nVictory against Scotland lifted some of the gloom and, although Wales failed in their attempts to qualify for the 2014 World Cup, finishing with a commendable draw in Belgium provided a glimmer of hope.\nThe start of Euro 2016 qualifying brought renewed optimism with a relatively kind draw and a promising group of players featuring Gareth Bale, Aaron Ramsey and Ashley Williams.\nWales delivered on their promise handsomely by securing their place at a major tournament for the first time since the 1958 World Cup.\nHaving overseen one of Wales\' most humiliating results, Coleman had orchestrated one of their proudest moments.\nMedia playback is not supported on this device\nWales\' transformation under Coleman has been remarkable. Five months before he was appointed, Wales were ranked 117th in the world, their lowest position.\nFour and a half years into his reign, Coleman is preparing Wales for a first semi-final in a major tournament.\n"He had a difficult start but since he\'s put his own stamp on the team he\'s been absolutely incredible," says the talisman of the current side, Gareth Bale.\n"He initially wanted to try and not change too much, too soon. Obviously results did not go the right way. He changed it and it has paid massive dividends."\nThe success has not changed him as a person to those closest to him.\n"I\'ve always seen him as a big character and he has always been my hero," says Sonny.\n"He was 22 when I was born so, with the age gap quite small, we\'re best friends as well as father and son.\n"He was a big influence and one of the reasons why I\'m working in football now - the \'dark side\' as my dad calls it!\n"We have the same kind of interests, the same music taste. Johnny Cash was my grandfather\'s favourite. He sadly passed away two years ago, but he passed that on to my dad and he\'s passed it on to me.\n"My dad likes the Rolling Stones, the Red Hot Chili Peppers and the Foo Fighters - and if Wales win, he\'ll always play \'Wonderwall\' by Oasis."\nThe key to Coleman\'s - and Wales\' - success is the absence of fear. There is no fear of failure. He and his players dare to dream.\nAnd if they continue in the same vein against Portugal on Wednesday, there is a fair chance the Welsh changing room at Lyon\'s Parc Olympique Lyonnais will be shaking to the strains of \'Wonderwall\'.']" Match: "['This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article', "Chris Coleman has masterminded Wales' greatest football achievement - and is on the brink of British football's finest moment for half a century."]"

Maurice Hammond's aircraft came down at Hardwick airfield in Norfolk, near Bungay, and his unnamed passenger, aged in his 80s, died at the scene.
Mr Hammond was flown to the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, where he remains "sedated, to aid his recovery".
Family spokesman Nik Coleman said he was due to undergo further tests.
The pilot was wearing a helmet that gave him a "very high degree of protection", said Mr Coleman in response to "speculation online".
"His family have visited with him [sic] and are encouraged by his progress," he added.
More on this and other news from Norfolk
Mr Hammond, from Eye in Suffolk, is said to be one of the UK's top aviators of the American plane, an expert on plane restoration and has appeared on a Discovery Channel series, Plane Resurrection.
The P-51 D Model Mustang - one of two Mustangs owned by airshow regular Mr Hammond - was on fire when emergency services arrived at the site, about 10 miles south of Norwich.
A witness reported he saw it approach the runway normally but it then disappeared behind trees and he heard a small explosion.
A spokesman for the Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) said it was due to remove the plane from the crash site later, in an operation that could last until the evening.
"It will be brought back to our headquarters in Farnborough and investigations will continue here," he said.
It could be months before the inquiry is completed, he added.
Norfolk Police said road closures remained in place.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

Maj Taj Sareen was killed when his jet came down at Temple farm in Redmere, Cambridgeshire, last week.
Peter Sizer said he was working in his shed with his son when the pilot crashed, just missing the building.
He phoned the emergency services when he heard the explosion.
"I heard a bang and saw this fireball, it was a huge shock. It was only 200m from our shed.
"I would say that he is a hero. He saved our lives by swerving around the shed to miss us. It makes us both feel lucky to be alive.
"The impact was so big that we only found a hole in the ground and just wreckage, the plane was buried into the soil, there was no fire," Mr Sizer said.
The farmer said that the doors were completely blown off his shed by the explosion.
"If he landed the other side, the shockwaves alone would probably have killed us," he added.
Maj Sareen, from Hillsborough, California, was returning home from a six-month tour against Islamic State (IS) in Iraq and Syria when the accident happened.
His plane is reported to have encountered issues with refuelling before he took off from RAF Lakenheath in Suffolk. However, the cause of the crash will not be known until an investigation by the Marine Corps finishes in around two to three months. Mr Sizer said there has been a lot of activity on his farm, with US officials joining UK police to search the area for clues.
Eyewitnesses had already suggested the 34-year-old, who won two achievement awards and an Air Medal during his career, might have steered his plane away from houses as he descended. Mr Sizer confirmed that a neighbour saw him he "fly between two sets of houses to avoid them".
It has also been suggested that the Marine Corps pilot, who served a tour of duty in Afghanistan in 2010, did not eject until the last minute so that he could steer his plane towards the empty field.
His friend Capt Annie Driscoll said this would be typical of Maj Sareen, who she met more than 10 years ago at pilot school.
She has created an online fund for his 14-month-old daughter Jade, which has already raised more than $47,000 (Â£30,600).
"He was a selfless individual," the US Air Force helicopter pilot said. "This is who he was.
"He was gracious and positive. He loved what he did and he was a strong believer in serving in the military and fighting for his country."
One of the donations is from Mr Sizer's brother-in-law, Dennis Day, who said the the pilot saved "at least two lives, maybe more" with his "selfless actions."
Lindsey Collins, the mother of the pilot's daughter, has commented on the page to thank everyone who has donated money for her "beautifully blessed little girl".
"I am utterly overwhelmed," she said. "Nothing will bring back my daughter's daddy, but we can help her know the incredible man he was."


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article.

Question: Late-night television show host Jay Leno will be replaced by presenter Jimmy Fallon on NBC's The Tonight Show, the US network has said.

The switch in February 2014, which was widely anticipated, will see the show relocate from Los Angeles to New York.
NBC also said Lorne Michaels, the renowned producer of Saturday Night Live, will produce The Tonight Show.
NBC head Steve Burke said the network was making the change while the show was at the peak of its ratings.
"Jimmy Fallon is a unique talent and this is his time," Mr Burke said.
The network used the same strategy when handing the show over to Leno from Johnny Carson, its previous host.
Fallon will reportedly begin on The Tonight Show during NBC's coverage of the Winter Olympics, when the network expects to see a spike in its audience.
Correspondents say NBC executives were concerned a rival late-night show hosted by Jimmy Kimmel on the ABC network would make gains among the crucial younger audience if Fallon's move did not happen quickly.
This is the second time in recent years NBC has sought to replace Leno, who has hosted the show from Los Angeles since 1992.
In 2009, NBC handed the show over to Conan O'Brien, but the move backfired and the network reinstated Leno.
This time, Leno has congratulated Fallon on the promotion.
"I hope you're as lucky as me and hold on to the job until you're the old guy," Leno said in a statement. "If you need me, I'll be at the garage."
Meanwhile, in a reference to his current show Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, which begins at 00:30 ET (04:30 GMT), Fallon said: "I'm really excited to host a show that starts today instead of tomorrow."

The Glasgow-born presenter insisted that he was not retiring, saying: "I'm not stopping doing it, I'm stopping doing this."
The 52-year-old's role will be filled by British actor and presenter James Corden from 23 March.
Ferguson's final guest was Jay Leno, who bowed out of hosting The Tonight Show earlier this year.
The pair spoke about the pitfalls of presenting chat shows, while Leno said that it was "fun being a comedian again instead of a talk show host".
According to reports from Hollywood, Ferguson, who fronted the late night show on CBS for 2,058 episodes, is expected to present a new early evening programme.
But he remained tight-lipped about the precise nature of his future plans during his final appearance.
Corden, known for presenting the Brit Awards and starring in sitcom Gavin and Stacey, was confirmed as the new Late Late Show presenter in September and made an appearance on the programme on Wednesday.
The 36-year-old said he was "hugely excited" to host the programme and would do his best "to make a show that America will enjoy".
The actor's profile in the US was boosted in 2012 when he won a Tony for his role in the Broadway transfer of stage hit One Man, Two Guvnors.
He was recently seen alongside Keira Knightley in the musical romance Begin Again and has a role in big-screen musical Into the Woods, released in the US on Christmas Day.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Kimi Raikkonen will join Fernando Alonso at Ferrari in 2014.

The Finn, who won the world title with Ferrari in 2007 but was replaced by Alonso at the end of 2009, has signed a one-year deal with an option for 2015.
Ferrari, who will now have arguably the strongest driver line-up in Formula 1, have not yet announced the deal but are expected to do so imminently.
Raikkonen, 33, will replace Felipe Massa, who announced on Twitter that he will leave at the end of the season.
Media playback is not supported on this device
The Brazilian, who had earlier been informed of Ferrari's decision and has driven for the Italian outfit since 2006, said: "From 2014 I will no longer be driving for Ferrari.
"I would like to thank the team for all the victories and incredible moments experienced together.
"Right now I want to push as hard as possible with Ferrari for the remaining seven races.
"For next year, I want to find a team that can give me a competitive car to win many more races and challenge for the championship, which remains my greatest objective!"
Massa came agonisingly close to winning the title in 2008, when he won the Brazilian Grand Prix, only to be deprived of the championship when Lewis Hamilton moved up into the fifth place he required on the penultimate corner of the last lap.
He has been linked with a move to Lotus, who are also considering Sauber driver Nico Hulkenberg, another man who was in the frame at Ferrari before they decided on Raikkonen.
The decision to partner Alonso with Raikkonen is a dramatic change in philosophy by Ferrari, who have previously operated with a clear number one driver, both with Michael Schumacher from 1996-2006 and then with Alonso for the last four years.
Ferrari have now decided that having two lead drivers will be a more effective way of securing success - this was their policy when Raikkonen and Massa were team-mates in 2007-9.
The decision will be interpreted in some quarters as a snub to Alonso, but the Spaniard has been told of Ferrari's decision and is said to have accepted it.
The partnership and rivalry between the two men will be eagerly anticipated - Alonso and Raikkonen are widely recognised as two of the four best drivers in the world, along with Mercedes' Lewis Hamilton and Red Bull's Sebastian Vettel.
Alonso's relationship with McLaren, when he was team-mates with Hamilton in 2007, was famously turbulent, and the ructions led to him leaving the team just one year into a three-year contract.
Alonso has since made it clear that his problems at the time were not with Hamilton but with the team not delivering on promises that had been made to him about his status.
The deal for Raikkonen to rejoin Ferrari was completed on Monday.
Ferrari wanted to replace Massa with someone who would provide more reliable performance and have for some time considered Raikkonen to be the best candidate.
But the decision needed to be approved by Ferrari president Luca Di Montezemolo.
Raikkonen had the option to remain at Lotus but the team were unable to provide him with the reassurances he requested that they had the technical and financial resources to compete at the front next year.
They have lost their highly rated former technical director James Allison to Ferrari and there have been delays paying Raikkonen's salary this year.
Raikkonen is the first driver to return to Ferrari after a previous spell since Austrian Gerhard Berger re-joined them in 1993 after leaving them at the end of 1989 to join McLaren.
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When Raikkonen left Ferrari at the end of 2009 he still had one year on his contract, but the team needed to get rid of either him or Massa to make space for Alonso.
At the time, the team preferred to keep Massa. The Brazilian had out-scored Raikkonen on points in 2008 and through 2009 until he suffered a fractured skull in an accident at that year's Hungarian Grand Prix.
Although there were question marks about his recovery, the team felt they could not cast the Brazilian adrift in the circumstances.
Ferrari, having employed Raikkonen as the man they expected to take over from Michael Schumacher, also felt that the Finn had not shown the required leadership. They felt Alonso's more forceful nature would give them what Raikkonen had not.
But tensions have grown between Alonso and Ferrari this year after narrowly missing out on winning the title in both 2010 and 2012.
Now, Ferrari believe Raikkonen will provide more consistent support for Alonso and prevent any possibility of the Spaniard not producing his best.

The 22-year-old German, who raced for the now-defunct Manor team in 2016, rolled his car after a collision with Williams driver Felipe Massa at the Race of Champions in Miami.
The first pre-season test is in Barcelona from 27 February to 2 March.
"I feel sorry for the team but we'll come back stronger," said Wehrlein.
Ferrari's third driver Antonio Giovinazzi, 23, is tipped to replace Wehrlein and partner Marcus Ericsson in Barcelona.
Wehrlein joined Sauber in January and the first race of the 2017 season, the Australian Grand Prix, will be held on 26 March.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: German police have released a 40-year-old Tunisian man who had been a suspected accomplice of the Berlin Christmas market assailant.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

German state prosecutors said they had found the man's number on the phone of Anis Amri, who killed 12 people by ramming a lorry into market shoppers.
Amri was shot dead by police in Milan early last Friday, four days on from the attack. The 24-year-old Tunisian had opened fire, wounding one.
Amri had links to known Islamists.
German prosecutors say a video in which Amri pledges allegiance to so-called Islamic State (IS) is genuine.
Government officials have said the lorry's automatic braking system may have prevented the loss of more lives on 19 December.
The system kicks in when it senses an impact and this may have cut the hijacker's rampage short.
Frauke Koehler, spokesperson for the federal prosecutor's office, said "further investigations revealed that the detained man was not a contact person of Anis Amri's, therefore he had to be released".
She said the pistol found on Amri when he was shot dead by Italian police last week had the same calibre as the one that killed the Polish driver whose truck Amri hijacked.
Lukasz Urban, 37, was killed by a gunshot to the head - apparently before the lorry was driven into the Christmas crowd at Breitscheidplatz, in central Berlin. His body was found in the cabin, after Amri had fled.
Italian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni told a news conference there was no evidence that Amri had any "particular networks" in Italy.
He was probably radicalised after arriving in Italy in 2011, Mr Gentiloni said.
Investigators are trying to piece together Amri's movements after the Berlin attack, when he was subject to a European arrest warrant.
There are indications that he travelled to Nijmegen in the Netherlands on 21 December and then took an overnight bus from Amsterdam to Lyon in France.
Then he took a train to Chambery in the French Alps, changed trains, and reached Milan. He was stopped by police in the early hours of 23 December near Milan's Sesto San Giovanni station.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Fifteen apartments and two commercial premises were searched in the city in an operation involving 460 police. Six prison cells were also searched.
The organisation which ran the mosque has been closed down.
Twelve people were killed and more than 50 injured by Amri, a Tunisian asylum seeker, in December.
He was shot dead by police after fleeing to Italy.
Police say the raids follow a decision to ban the organisation, known as Fussilet 33, in mid-February. The properties targeted were used by those who ran the organisation, police said.
German prosecutors say that Amri visited the mosque frequently, including on the day of the attack.
Berlin attack: What we know
Berlin truck attack: Can the EU stop another Amri?
Police suspect it was a centre for radicalising Muslim recruits for so-called Islamic State in Syria and collecting funds for IS attacks.
Police kept watch on the building with a camera positioned opposite the entrance. The mosque closed down a week ago.
Berlin State Interior Minister Andreas Geisel told a news conference that more apartments were raided in the state of Brandenburg and the city of Hamburg.
Leading figures in Fussilet 33 were already in prison while being investigated on allegations of supporting terrorism abroad or preparing acts of terrorism, he said. These included former imams of the mosque and members of the organisation's board.
"With this strike against Islamist terrorism, Berlin is sending a clear signal that people who act against our free democratic basic order, people who are committing violent acts or preaching violence don't have a place in this city," Mr Geisel said.
Amri carried out his attack on 19 December at the market in central Berlin. He hijacked the lorry after killing its Polish driver before ploughing through the stalls, killing 11 people.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: More than half a million families are discovering which primary schools their children will attend, amid a growing places squeeze in parts of England.

Early indications are of wide variations nationwide, with up to one in six missing out on their first choice of school in some areas.
While in other areas, almost all got their number one preference.
It comes days after council leaders said two in five local authorities would have too few places by 2016.
Pressure is growing, particularly in schools on London's fringes and in cities such as Leicester, Nottingham, Reading and Peterborough.
However, in London, around 99,000 pupils or 95% received a place at one of their six preferred schools this year - up 1,100 and nearly five percentage points from last year.
Of those, 81% got into their first preference school, the same proportion as the two previous years. But there were wide local variations within the capital. In Kensington and Chelsea, only 59% got their first preference, while in Barking and Dagenham it was 91%.
This comes against a backdrop of an extra 900 applications in the capital this year.
The crisis has been precipitated mainly by a booming birth-rate, partly by immigration and by families moving specifically to be near popular schools.
The demand for school places has risen steeply in Harrow, which has some very good primary schools. It was predicted to be 12% over capacity by this September but the council said it had worked really hard to ensure there are enough places for Harrow children this year.
A spokesman said the crush Harrow was seeing now was very likely to affect other areas around the country soon.
Initial results from a Press Association survey of town halls shows families in some areas are more likely to gain a place at their top choice than in others.
Results from Birmingham show 84.7% of children starting reception have got a place at their first preference, while 94.8% got one of their listed choices. Around one in 20 applicants - 826 children - were given a school that was not one of their preferred options. A further 3.3% - 532 youngsters - have been offered a school outside the city.
Figures from East Sussex show 84.68% got their first choice, while in Southampton the percentage was 85.4%.
In Derbyshire, 93.4% of youngsters received their first pick, in Torbay it was 86.2%, Bristol was 84% - up from 82% last year, and in Cornwall it was 90.7%.
In Kent the figure was was 85.81%, up slightly from 84.9% last year.
Labour and the National Association of Head Teachers also blame the coalition government's free-school policy, which has allowed some new schools to be opened in areas that already have surplus places.
At the same time, the ability of local authorities to plan for population surges has been reduced by regulations requiring any new schools to be either an academy or a free school, rather than a council school.
NAHT general secretary Russell Hobby said: "We have a balkanised system with authorities, academies and central government taking decisions in isolation."
He added: "There is a desperate need for long-term planning that spans all sectors. With the massive increase in pupil numbers and over-stretched budgets, we cannot afford inefficiency and conflict."
The Local Government Association said the escalating places shortage was one of the key areas that needed to be tackled by the next government.
Earlier this month, it said schools were "reaching their limits and could soon run out of space and money for extra places" and there would be a need for an extra 880,000 pupils at a cost of Â£12bn.
The Conservatives blame Labour for the problem saying the party "cut over 200,000 primary school places - and even ignored official warnings to provide extra school places after a baby boom".
A spokesman added: "The Conservatives have created over 400,000 school places. There are fewer children in overcrowded primary schools and, most importantly, one million more children in good or outstanding schools since 2010."
Labour points out that under the Conservative-Lib Dem administration the number of infant children in classes with more than 30 pupils has more than trebled from 31,265 in 2010 to 102,615 in 2015.
Shadow education secretary Tristram Hunt blamed the Conservatives for spending "hundreds of millions of taxpayers' money on a few free schools in areas where there are no shortages of places".
But Natalie Evans, director of New Schools Network, said: "Over 90% of primary free schools opened or approved to open are in areas where new school places are needed. But they are also offering new choices in areas of low standards."
Liberal Democrat schools minister David Laws said: "It's astonishing that Labour and the Conservatives won't properly fund these children.  It will be impossible to provide a place for every child and raise standards unless we protect education budgets."
Ty Goddard, co-founder of think-tank Education Foundation, said England's vast education property estate could be used with more imagination, but called for the parties to work together on solving the school places issue. He said a national "school places taskforce" should be set up to solve the issue with clarity, speed and partnership.

Easington Primary Academy pupils will be driven to another school for morning lessons in literacy and numeracy.
The school said a long-term supply teacher had left earlier than expected and a replacement could not be found.
But a Department for Education spokeswoman said there was no shortage of primary school teachers.
Head teachers' organisations have been warning that a shortage of teachers has become a "crisis" for schools.
Brian Lightman, leader of the ASCL head teachers' union, said the problems facing this primary school were "symptomatic" of wider recruitment difficulties facing "head teachers all over the country".
"Urgent action needs to be taken to address this problem that is jeopardising efforts to raise standards," said Mr Lightman.
But a spokeswoman for the Department for Education said: "It is simply not true that there is a shortage of primary school teachers.
"Last year we recruited 116% of our primary target. However, we know that some schools, and particularly some rural schools, find it more difficult to recruit."
She said that the government was expanding routes into teaching such as Teach First and had launched the National Teaching Service to  "send outstanding teachers into areas exactly like this".
"We expect head teachers and academy trusts to plan their staffing properly," said the DFE spokeswoman.
From this term, because the school could not find a suitable teacher, pupils in Years 5 and 6 at Easington will have to travel to Patrington Primary Academy for the morning, returning to their own school after lunch.
Patrington and Easington are part of the same academy trust and share an executive head teacher.
A statement from the trust said:
"A great deal of thought has gone into how the academy can best meet the needs of the pupils, especially for Year 6 pupils who will be taking Sats [national curriculum tests] in May," said the William Temple Academy Trust.
"We recognise that this means more change for the Easington Years 5 and 6, but we have no option.
"We hope that being taught by the class teachers at Patrington will provide more consistency for the pupils than a succession of supply teachers for a couple of weeks at a time."
A meeting for parents to discuss how the arrangement is working is planned for later this month.
Labour's shadow education secretary Lucy Powell said: "Whilst ministers continue to bury their heads in the sand over teacher shortages, we are seeing more and more evidence that this serious issue is threatening standards."
Ms Powell accused the government of denying there was a problem with recruitment, "despite the fact that half of all schools had unfilled positions at the start of this academic year and some pupils are now having to travel to other schools for their maths and English lessons".
National Union of Teachers' leader Christine Blower said recruitment problems were "of the government's own making" and warned that they could get worse.
"Failure to address excessive and often pointless workload alongside low and unpredictable pay have resulted in a huge number of teachers considering leaving  the profession while new graduates are choosing other more attractive career options."
Last month, head teachers warned MPs on the Education Select Committee of a deepening "crisis" in recruiting and retaining teachers.
The National Association of Head Teachers said 59% of schools advertising for teachers "struggled" to get applicants and a further 20% failed completely to appoint anyone.
Teachers' recruitment expert Prof John Howson told the MPs the current teacher shortage was the worst since 2001-02.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Leading figures from the health world are calling for a national debate on how the NHS in England is funded.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

In a letter to The Times, they say challenges from an ageing population mean the system is "creaking at the seams" and cannot continue as it is.
Signatories include the heads of the Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Nursing.
The BBC's health editor says the group feels future options may include higher taxes or charges for some treatment.
Without action an extra Â£30bn will be needed by 2020 to fund the NHS at current levels, their letter adds.
They are asking for a cross-party, independent conversation on the way forward for the "scope, provision and funding of health and social care".
The nine signatories say that in 50 years' time, at least two-and-a-half times as many patients will suffer from multiple health problems.
BBC health editor Hugh Pym said while their letter is suggesting that further action is needed to make the NHS more efficient, this will not be enough as financial pressures intensify.
"The group is calling for a national debate on what it says are the options - higher taxes, payments for some elements of health care or a review is what is available on the NHS," he added.
Their letter says: "The status quo is not an option. We are already seeing the signs of the system creaking at the seams."
Warning that "business as usual won't do", they assert there needs to be "an honest, open dialogue between politicians and citizens".
"We need a new settlement; a fundamental, holistic agreement with the country on what health and social care should be, how and where it is delivered to maximise the quality of care, and how it should be paid for."
This "national conversation" should start now and be completed by the end of 2015, the letter concludes.
Two signatories -  Ciaran Devane, chief executive of Macmillan Cancer Support, and Turning Point chief executive Lord Adebowale - are non-executive directors of NHS England.
It is also signed by: Sir John Oldham, who chaired the Independent Commission on Whole Person Care; Jeremy Hughes, chief executive of the Alzheimer's Society; Peter Carter, chief executive of the Royal College of Nursing; Maureen Baker, chairwoman of the Royal College of GPs; Sir Richard Thompson, president of the Royal College of Physicians; Jean-Pierre van Besouw, president of the Royal College of Anaesthetists, and Chris Hopson, chief executive of the Foundation Trust Network.

Simon Hamilton said if they want the highest standard of health and social care, then the current configuration of services is not going to work.
Mr Hamilton pulled no punches in his first keynote address in his new role.
He said the real challenge was the absence of political agreement on the future of health and social care.
Mr Hamilton acknowledged the worries that reform will lead to the closure of facilities.
But he added that its growing and ageing population means Northern Ireland has to do things differently.
In a hard-hitting speech with lots of plain talking, the minister said attachments to the bricks and mortar of the National Health Service [NHS] must not act as a barrier that inhibits people from getting the best healthcare.
Instead, he called on people to embrace change and allow the NHS to move with the times.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: The Scottish Fire and Rescue Service has appealed for help in contacting vulnerable people after the 28th fire-related death in Scotland this year.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

Examples:

"['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', 'The West Midlands Combined Authority (WMCA) estimates a move could boost the region\'s economy by Â£5bn over 10 years.\nA government consultation is considering whether the broadcaster should move out of the capital.\nMetro mayor Andy Street said Channel 4 would "thrive" in the region due to its youthful population, and could create up to 800 jobs.\nSites have been proposed in Birmingham, Coventry, Solihull and Dudley.\nA consultation into the broadcaster\'s future was launched after the government carried out an 18-month review of the publicly-owned channel, which has more than 800 staff but fewer than 30 based outside central London.\nCulture Secretary Karen Bradley said "the benefits of this national asset to be spread far and wide, not just in London" although Channel 4 has said a "substantial relocation would be highly damaging".\nLaunching his region\'s bid, Mr Street said: "The West Midlands, as the youngest, most diverse region, would naturally help in the journey [Channel 4] are already taking."\nHe described the West Midlands\' transport links to London as "one of our ace cards" and cited the success of other relocations to the region including HSBC and HS2 headquarters.\nMike Bradley, chairman of the Campaign for Regional Broadcasting Midlands, said: "The West Midlands is the ideal location for Channel 4," adding a relocation to the region would "place Channel 4 right at the heart of its audience."\nElsewhere, two Bradford MPs are calling on the broadcaster to move its HQ to West Yorkshire.\nLast week, Shipley Conservative MP Philip Davies told the House of Commons how the broadcaster should move to what he called "gritty" West Yorkshire.\nAnd Keighley Labour MP John Grogan told BBC Radio Leeds about a possible joint Leeds-Bradford bid.\nHe said: "MPs in West Yorkshire are being asked to back a bid led by Screen Yorkshire, as I understand it, to bring Channel 4 to West Yorkshire.\n"It would be a mixture of Leeds and Bradford. There would be, as I understand it, in Leeds, the main Channel 4 building, but also the idea is they also have a training academy and that would come in the plans to Bradford."\nThe government said it would consider all bids with the broadcaster "to ensure that Channel 4 maximises its delivery of public value".']" == "['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story:', 'A bid for broadcaster Channel 4 to relocate to the West Midlands has been officially launched.']"

It wants family and friends of people who are elderly, live alone or have mental health or addiction issues to "put them in touch" with firefighters.
They can then make a home fire safety visit to those "at greatest risk".
There were 33 deaths from fires in Scotland in 2013-14 - the lowest for more than 20 years.
This was down 28% on the previous year's figure of 46.
With 28 recorded deaths, so far, this year, the fire service wants to get in touch with vulnerable people who are most at risk from house fires.
Assistant chief officer Lewis Ramsay said: "The sad reality is many fatal fires could be prevented. We know very simple steps are often the difference between life and death.
"Every one of us can make that difference just by talking to people we know who might be vulnerable and putting them in touch with the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service."
Mr Ramsay said that even a small house fire could threaten life.
He added: "We would much rather take the time to do a free home fire safety visit and help someone prevent a fire than respond to a blaze where they may have already suffered life-changing, or even life-ending, injuries.
"Protecting the most vulnerable members of our communities isn't something we can do alone. Reaching people who need some help to stay safe is always a challenge and we need the public's help to meet it."

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

In 2005 officers were alerted to 365 fires in the capital, but last year there were only 112 - a fall of 69%.
The 572 calls to Brigade Control on Bonfire Night in 2014 were down 58% on 5 November 2005, when 1,372 were made.
More people tend to go to organised displays now rather than letting off their own fireworks, an LFB spokesman said when asked to interpret the data.
"It's fantastic that people are heeding our safety advice and reducing the number of calls and fires we have on 5 November," said operations director Dave Brown.
Updates on this story and more from London
Nearly 1,000 fires were attended across London over the Diwali, Halloween, and Bonfire Night period from 24 October to 10 November in 2014.
During the corresponding period in 2006 LFB attended 2,293 fires.
Hoax calls have also seen a sharp decrease during the last decade, with officers attending 54 malicious calls between 24 October and 10 November in 2014, down from  185 in 2006.
The Fire Brigades' Union (FBU) agreed there had been a downward trend, but said recent cuts still "jeopardise people's safety".
A spokesman said: "With the closure of 10 fire stations in London last year, removal of 16 fire appliances in London alone and the loss of 600 frontline fire fighters, data shows that response times were increased.
"Last week, a man in Camden lost his life because response times were double what they should have been."
The borough with the highest number of fires attended on 5 November was Tower Hamlets, with 374 on Bonfire Night since 2006, whereas the City of London only had six.
572
calls to London Fire Brigade
346 incidents attended
112  fires attended
2 serious fire-related injuries


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Europe's Rosetta mission, which aims to put a robot on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, has identified five potential locations for the touchdown.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

The choice of sites was driven largely by operational considerations - they are places engineers believe a lander can get down with the least risk.
No-one has attempted to land on a 10-billion-tonne comet before.
The Rosetta probe will despatch its Philae contact robot to 67P's icy surface on 11 November.
The European Space Agency says it will be a one-shot opportunity.
Rosetta and the comet are currently about 400 million km from Earth, making real-time radio control impossible.
Instead, the process will have to be fully automated with commands uploaded several days in advance.
The five sites on the "longlist" were selected at the end of a special meeting convened in Toulouse, France, this past weekend.
Esa project managers were joined by attendees from the space agencies of France (Cnes) and Germany (DLR), which play key roles in the Philae effort.
Instrument principal investigators on the washing machine-sized robot were also there to argue their preferences, as were the engineers, who could explain the technical possibilities.
If one considers the comet to look like a rubber duck, then three of the chosen potentials (B, I and J) are on the head. Two are on the body (A and C). The dramatic neck region has been ruled out.
The letter designation stems from an even longer list of 10 that was used to kick-off the whole selection process. The letter ordering carries no weight.
A landing site needs to be relatively flat and free from boulders and fissures.
One key requirement has been the need to find places on the comet that experience something of a day/night cycle.
This will give not only a better appreciation of the changing behaviour of 67P under all conditions, but will provide the lander with some important protection - from too much sun, which could lead to overheating, or too little light, which would make it difficult to charge the batteries.
The engineers have also emphasised the need to find locations where Rosetta can deliver Philae at the right altitude and velocity, and maintain a communications link throughout the descent, which is likely to take several hours.
The longlist will be reduced to a leading candidate and perhaps a couple of back-ups in mid-September.
A final go/no-go decision on a target landing site is expected by mid-October.
By then, Rosetta's cameras and other instruments will have returned detailed data on the number one choice.
Comet 67P has very little gravitational attraction - several hundred thousand times weaker than what Philae would experience at the Earth's surface.
For this reason, it will touch down at no more than a walking pace - about 1m/s.
It will use harpoons and ice screws to try to hang on to the comet and avoid bouncing back into space.
Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk and follow me on Twitter: @BBCAmos

30 September 2016 Last updated at 15:38 BST
The spacecraft made a planned crash-landing on to the surface of the comet on Friday afternoon, sending back lots of information to Earth in the process.
It left Earth back in 2004, with the mission to chase down 67P and study it.
It reached the comet in 2014, after a 10-year journey, and landed a space probe, called Philae, on to it.
But things didn't all go to plan, as Ricky's been finding out...


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: It is that time of year again when I, in a disgusting post-Christmas rotund state, look back on what made it big on the internet in 2016.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article!

This isn’t a scientific list. It's certainly not a comprehensive one. I am the sole judge of what can be considered list-worthy, using criteria as fluid as the rules of Calvinball.
That said, it’s not a complete free-for-all. To keep things focused, last year I added a rule: nothing miserable should make the list.
Now I’m adding two more. Firstly, nothing related to Brexit or the US election.
You’re welcome.
Secondly, no virals relating to dead celebrities (with one hairy exception). It’s been a tough year on that front, and other lists will reflect that with far more grace than this annual digest of internet buffoonery.
When compiling last year's stand-out virals and memes, I came to the conclusion that it had been a pretty bad 12 months for the internet - a time when the true reach of trolling and cyber-attacks was starting to become clear.
This time around, it's been a pretty terrible year offline. Indeed, if you search for what went "viral” in 2016, Google’s top result is “Zika.”
So, with that smack of the perspective stick, here is 2016 in memes and virals - a chance to enjoy the internet’s ability to share a global in-joke.
1 January had us off to a flier.
Here’s how it happened: It was past midnight on New Year’s Eve and photographer Joel Goodman was in Manchester looking to capture scenes of people ringing in 2016.
Goodman captured the perfect picture. On the bottom right of the frame, two police officers restrain a man lying on the floor, while a woman helplessly stands nearby, peering in.
On the left of the frame, we have the almost romantic sight of a man in a blue suit sprawled across the road, grasping a bottle of beer he definitely doesn’t need.
And almost as if we were in a Shakespearean round, we can see some of the audience, clutching kebabs and staring.
Some called it a shocking sign of drinking culture going too far on New Year’s Eve. Others called it just another night in Manchester.
My colleague Roland Hughes tweeted out the image to a wider audience, giving a boost to its notoriety. Why was it so popular? “People really, really like to laugh at other people,” he said.
Virginia McLaurin, 106, was invited to the White House as part of an event celebrating black history, and her energetic embrace of the Obamas became an infectious celebration of life itself.
She’s lived through two world wars and the US civil rights movement. And so when she said "I thought I would never live to get in the White House,” you know she really meant it.
This month also unveiled a craze I’m not going to pretend to understand called "Damn, Daniel.” If anyone can explain it to me in the comments section, I’d be grateful.
The Hydraulic Press Channel is a series of videos on YouTube showing things getting squashed by a hydraulic press.
It is a winning formula, but one that didn’t immediately hit the big time.
Finnish factory owner Lauri Vuohensilta  had been posting the videos since October 2015, but it didn't take off until March this year. A video of Vuohensilta trying to fold a piece of paper more than seven times rose to the top of Reddit. Now, the Hydraulic Press Channel is a regular squishy treat.
“Tyrants have crushed the people’s will,” cried the Guardian's Stuart Heritage. And he was quite right too.
When the good British public was asked to name a polar-research vessel, the overwhelming consensus was for it to be called Boaty McBoatface.
Sadly, it wasn’t to be. Science Minister Jo Johnson had 2016’s biggest sense of humour failure and decided it should instead be named after Sir David Attenborough.
Let’s just say it wouldn’t be the last time that the popular vote meant little when deciding the will of a nation in 2016.
May was the month in which 2016’s viral legacy was secured.
I’ll start with Candace Payne, the 37-year-old Texas mother who bought a Chewbacca mask from Kohl’s, a US retail chain.
She posted a video using Facebook's only recently launched live service where she howled with laughter while showing off the key "feature" of the mask - the Chewbacca growl. Excellent. Her endearing show of delight has since clocked up 164m views.
She’s now set to start a new job as a video blogger for American network TLC.
Also in May, Mike Senatore.
In a short clip, the high school student stands on a stage in front of more than a hundred of his peers. He struts up to a table and, just as the music dramatically cuts, he flips a bottle of water which lands upright. The crowd goes wild.
In the coming months, water bottle flipping would take the world by storm - just ask any school teacher and they’ll tell you about the thud-thud-thud of bottles flying around their classrooms. Still, it’s pretty harmless, and as someone who spent an embarrassing amount of money on pogs as a boy, it’s good to see something so cheap and cheerful keeping kids occupied.
And now, a moment of silence, please, for Harambe. The 17-year-old western lowland gorilla was shot as a precaution after a small child fell into his enclosure.
That event caused a great amount of debate - which I won’t go into here - but the high-profile, tragic nature of Harambe's death mobilised a corner of the internet determined not to let his life be forgotten.
England weren’t in 2016’s European Championship (at least that’s how I’ve decided to remember it), and so it was left to the Welsh and the Irish to bring us any hope.
And it was the Irish fans - from both Northern Ireland and the Republic - that behaved as such good sports during the competition, the city of Paris gave them an award for "exemplary sportsmanship."
This includes things like tidying up after themselves, singing a lullaby, and serenading a French model in the street.
Not so much a viral hit, granted, but a movement that saw millions of people get out of their seats and take a walk to the nearest park or beach in search of Pokemon. Or, in some cases, a cliff edge or top-security military base.
Nintendo’s share price surged as the game caught on in popularity - but as it turns out, Pokemon Go was as fleeting as it was brilliant.
By summer’s end, very few people were hunting the little critters, and a December update did little to reignite the craze.
It’s time for the Olympics! And while the International Olympic Committee (IOC) declared war on the internet by banning just about any unauthorised mention of anything slightly Olympicy, that didn’t stop some memorable memes taking hold.
It was the swimmers that captured our hearts. First it was Michael Phelps looking extremely angry, and then it was China’s Fu Yuanhui looking extremely delighted - especially after she was told she had won a medal by a TV interviewer.
Then there was the singing.
Later in this list we’ll look at the success of James Corden’s carpool karaoke, but it’s Ted McDermott who took the sing-a-long limelight in August, landing himself a record deal in the process.
"I have a pennnn, I have an apple…. UH! … apple pennnn!"
I’ll have whatever he’s on, as they say.
If you could bottle up the Mad Asian pop music formula and sell it you’d be very rich indeed. This year’s unexpected hit was Pen Pineapple Apple Pen - PPAP - which came from 40-year-old Japanese entertainer Kazuhiko Kosaka, performing as DJ Piko Taro.
But, while it had all the ingredients of a viral smash, it never did reach the heights of Gangnam Style - partly due to it not being very popular in Japan itself.
Also in September, grateful grandad Ted Thorne got a pair of light-up shoes. “Get outta town!” he screams, in one of the year’s great “had to be there” moments which, thanks to social media, we all were.
The internet loves a good challenge, be it ice buckets or wearing no make-up.
This year’s effort was particularly creative. The Mannequin Challenge (which had it been started in the UK, we’d have surely named it the Dummy Challenge…) requires a roomful of people to stand very still as a person weaves in and out with a phone, filming the, err, lack of action.
According to Know Your Meme, the version that started it all was from a high school in Florida. A notable effort included one by NBA champions, the Cleveland Cavaliers, at the White House.
It was a slow year for new memes, but November brought a cracker in the form of Evil Kermit.
The image of the hooded Kermit came from Muppets Most Wanted, a mostly forgettable musical from 2014. But once repurposed into a meme, it was used as a light-hearted way to express what your inner demons might say to you.
Sticking with the animal theme, another memorable meme was inspired by the incredible footage aired by Planet Earth showing a heroic iguana escaping snake after snake even when it looked like the game was up. The clip was remixed with a variety of music.
The world changed in November. No doubt about that. And so with much of the internet failing to see the funny side, it was down to the professionals to keep things upbeat in December.
Step forward James Corden. It would have been easy to pick Corden in almost any month this year, such was the frequency at which he took the internet by storm with Carpool Karaoke.
But I’ll pick December, as it was during this month that the Late Late Show team posted the ultimate Christmas mash-up.
The montage of some of the music world's biggest stars singing along to the Christmas song to rule them all, Mariah Carey’s All I Want For Christmas Is You, quickly became viewing gold.
So that’s it for another year. Not a cracker, I’m sure you’ll agree - but like that episode of Breaking Bad where they try to swat a fly for an hour, 2016 was hopefully just a necessary gear-change that was worth enduring just see what 2017 will throw up.
What stood out the most over these past 12 months? For me, it would have to be Chewbacca Mom. Moments like that, broadcast live, are extremely hard to manufacture. And so while advertisers have just about cracked how to make a video go viral, using live video brings virality back to the people - which is just how it should be.
Here’s to 2017!
Tell me what I’ve missed on Twitter: @DaveLeeBBC

Cyber-attacks, trolls, terrorist propaganda, sexism, racism, Twitter mobs... stop the web now, Mr Berners-Lee, we want to get off.
So, when it came to compiling 2015's list of the most viral videos and memes (see 2012's, 2013's and 2014's), I decided to impose a couple of ground rules to keep things upbeat.
Rule number one: nothing miserable.
The world was a scary place in 2015. Consider this list a safe, feel-good haven.
Rule number two: nothing in this list was created specifically to go viral.
As in, a committee of advertising executives didn't sit around a room and decide how to spend money on making it a hit.
Of course, everyone wants their posts to be popular, but let's just say this list is intended to feature some of the more organic fun.
Off we go!
One of the remarkable things about Ruairi McSorley is how he managed to change a tiny soundbite into a media career.
Asked by UTV reporter Gareth Wilkinson about the weather conditions in Northern Ireland, McSorley's charming accent led to him being dubbed the most Irish man in the world.
His "frostbit" soundbite has led to countless TV appearances, events and, soon, a charity single.
If you're not a fan of American Football - and sometimes even if you are - the half-time show is the most interesting part of the sporting extravaganza.
And not since Janet Jackson's wardrobe "malfunction" has their been a more talked about moment than singer Katy Perry's performance.
She was joined on stage by two adorable backing dancers, although one of them, the shark on the left, struggled to keep up.
Left Shark fever swept the world, coming to symbolise the daily struggles we all face to keep up with the world.
Katy Perry's lawyers tried to trademark "left shark", but were denied.
Also in February, a garment now consigned to history as simply "the dress" was stirring debate.
Optical illusion, colour blindness', strange lighting - whatever caused the difference of opinion, the image of the white/gold or blue/black dress became one of the most shared of the year.
And then we all agreed it was blue and black. Didn't we?
If Katy Perry's Left Shark was a symbol of life's daily struggles, the shot of a weasel hitching a ride on a woodpecker is a reminder of how we should all be able to get along, no matter our differences.
"Weasels are fearless," commented wildlife expert Lucy Cooke. Evidently!
Also in March, shocking footage emerged from Thailand showing an elephant, clearly intoxicated, clambering into a bath.
Did I say intoxicated? I meant adorable.
Annual sense-of-humour-vacuum April Fools' Day brings a flood of prank videos.
Most are terrible, but some are beautifully executed - like this magic from a maths teacher in California. It racked up an impressive 13 million views.
Maths was a continuing theme in April.
This brain teaser, originally posed to Singaporean schoolchildren, had the world scratching its head and arguing over the solution. Did you figure it out?
(The answer's on Wikipedia…)
"Spotted this specimen trying to dance the other week. He stopped when he saw us laughing."
So wrote a poster on 4chan, the notoriously dark online message board. They attached a picture of Sean O'Brien, a large Liverpudlian, who had been dancing at a gig.
After attention was brought to the apparent "fat-shaming", the internet rallied round and Mr O'Brien was tracked down.
In May, the Dancing Man had a huge party thrown for him in Los Angeles - attended by Monica Lewinsky, Moby and Andrew WK.
"I'm still pinching myself," Mr O'Brien said.
Back in London, it was a "hipster cop" that had people talking.
Peter Swinger - who sports a stylish, curly moustache - was spotted on duty at a protest march.
However, according to the Daily Mail, a close relative said Mr Singer, a father of three, was "definitely not a hipster".
What a hipster thing to say.
Behold, the best double-take ever captured on film.
Champion surfer Mick Fanning waiting just six days to get back into the water after this terrifying incident.
The 34-year-old was competing in South Africa when two sharks appeared in the water.
No problem for Mr Fanning, though - he just punched one of them and swam off, avoiding probable death.
Kevin Innes found a pile of dog toys in a shop in Norway. And then he pressed them.
The Guardian called the resulting clip the "best thing on the internet today".
I'd go as far as declaring it the best thing on the internet this entire year.
Why? It sums up the very best thing about viral hits - that ability to give the entire world that "oh, you had to be there" experience.
Also in August, everyone melted after watching this little lad who definitely isn't going to miss his mum when he's at school.
The undoubted star of this next clip is the woman in the passenger seat. Quiet, stoic… resigned.
Next to her, the now world-famous Ronnie Pickering.
Who? Ronnie Pickering. Who? RONNIE PICKERING!
Mr Pickering's road rage was captured on film by cyclist Steve Middleton, and spread around the world as people asked: "Who's Ronnie Pickering?"
The video can be viewed here, but be warned it contains a flood of swear words.
Mr Pickering's son later took to Twitter to say his Dad's a great guy and a great laugh. So, let's give him the benefit of the doubt - we all have our off days.
Meanwhile, in September, this Manhattan rat was having the "on" day to end them all.
In this internet age, it's quite reassuring that the humble music video format still has the ability to get people talking.
Though now, it's not enough to merely like a music video - you have to remix it.
Hip hop artist/dancing visionary Drake's video for Hotline Bling spawned hundreds of remakes.
To save you the time, just watch this one - it's by far the best.
For a short while in October it seemed that every cat owner in the world was buying up cucumbers to scare their cats.
(Although it must be said that experts later advised against it - it's pretty mean.)
There are numerous theories as to why cats seem to jump out of their skin at the sight of a cucumber - one expert, speaking to ABC News, said it's because cats are genetically wired to bounce away from snakes.
Ever since the demise of CBBC's Record Breakers, the public's appetite for world-beaters has been left unsatisfied.
Good job we've got Otto, then, a bulldog who rode a skateboard through the legs of 30 people.
If there's one thing we've learned this year, it's that being Irish increases your viral potential by roughly 100x.
Here, TV news reporter Teresa Mannion took to the coastline of Galway, in the west of Ireland, to broadcast to RTE viewers.
But Storm Desmond had other ideas, giving poor Ms Mannion a right blustering.
"Don't swim in the sea!" she screamed in her dramatic live report. And then the internet got to work.
And on Christmas Day, a lot of Dads fell off their hoverboards.
So, there we have it. An eclectic year of road rage, Irishness, dresses and sharks of varying ferocity.
The next year could see big changes to the internet.
Debates on encryption and censorship may alter the very fabric of how this series of tubes works.
But through it all, let's hope we keep our sense of humour and not take ourselves too seriously. When life gives you cucumbers, make a video.
Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC (and tell me what I missed!)