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Question: There has certainly been a blizzard of announcements from the Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt - including reform of consultants' contracts, a new single hospital trust regulator and a buddying scheme linking a leading US hospital to five NHS trusts.

He spelled out in some detail his vision of a patient-centred, transparent NHS providing a full seven-day-a-week service.
With rather less fanfare, a report on the leadership of the NHS in England was made available to MPs and put up on the Department of Health website.
This is the work of a leading figure in the business world, Stuart (now Lord) Rose who once ran Marks & Spencer.
Early last year he was given the task of reporting on how to develop potential top managers in the health service and how strong leadership might help deliver reform where required in hospitals.
The Rose report was delivered at the end of last year.  He was then asked by Jeremy Hunt to update it to take account of the Five Year View produced by Simon Stevens and other NHS leaders in England.
A new version was duly delivered in the spring.  But nothing more has been heard of it till now.
Labour claimed the report was too sensitive to be published during the election campaign and tried to put pressure on ministers to get it out.
Government sources argued that it wasn't deliberately shelved and that time ran out before parliament was dissolved.
Cynics might wonder why it has taken till the last week before the summer recess and on the day of a series of other health announcements for it to see the light of day.
Lord Rose is not directly critical of government policy.  But implicit in his analysis is the view that successive NHS reforms, including the controversial Health and Social Care Act changes implemented in 2013, have not exactly helped managers go about their work.
He says the level and pace of change in the NHS remains "unsustainably high"  and that the bureaucratic and regulatory burden is "fast becoming insupportable".
In effect he says the NHS does not have enough experienced managers to deal with the major changes which have been launched.
Some of the problems, argues Lord Rose, are "chronic" and have not been addressed by different governments in recent years .
Lord Rose has come up with a series of recommendations aimed at improving training and mentoring of managers and future leaders.
He wants the current NHS Leadership Academy to be beefed up, and more effort made to encourage recruitment from outside the health sector.
The former M&S boss says there are great opportunities for the NHS during a period of "extraordinary and rapid change".
But he adds that there are "shortcomings in the management of staff and â€¦..a lack of local strategic oversight".
He talks of "change fatigue" and "constant fire-fighting"  and concern over "many and varied messages sent from the centre of government".
Managers are distracted, he argues by demands for data and targets monitored by regulators and inspectors.
Lord Rose takes the view that NHS has what's needed to be "an extraordinary organisation", but says it requires the right leaders with the "space to lead".
His analysis of the pressures on NHS management is a reminder of the scale of the challenge facing the service in delivering unprecedented efficiency savings by 2020 as well as the seven-day-a-week working demanded by ministers.

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GPs will be given much more responsibility for spending much of the budget, hospitals are to be set free from central control and an independent board will oversee services.
It has been dubbed the most radical plan in the history of the NHS.
About 80% of the budget is held by local managers working for Primary Care Trusts (PCTs).
There are 151 of these in England and they are effectively in charge of commissioning local services, such as hospitals, GPs, mental health units and community clinics.
Ministers will transfer much of that responsibility to GPs working in consortiums across the country. Around 50 have already signed up to the scheme.
Both PCTs and regional bodies known as Strategic Health Authorities are to be phased out over the next few years, with funding going directly to GPs.
The reforms do not affect the health service in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, which are devolved to their national administrations.
Yes, although not quite on this scale. During the 1990s, the Tories created GP fundholding which allowed doctors to take charge of local budgets. Only half of them signed up in the end and the budget was limited to only the most basic parts of hospital care such as elective operations like knee and hip replacements.
The latest model is far more wide-ranging.
When Labour came to power, they scrapped fundholding, believing it had divided the profession. But within a few years ministers were launching their own version.
This was called practice-based commissioning and encouraged GPs to work in partnership with neighbouring practices.
However, many doctors said they have found it too bureaucratic and so it has not taken off across the country.
Why does the government want to do it then?
Health Secretary Andrew Lansley sees it as the key to making the NHS more responsive to patients.
He believes GPs know what works best and wants to tap into their entrepreneurial spirit to drive improvement from the front-line.
If it is successful, it may also help to save money. The NHS has been told to make up to Â£20bn of savings by 2014.
Getting GPs to take on some management responsibility could help the health service cut the number of managers it employs.
The scheme have been criticised by some doctors, nurses and patient groups. They are concerned about the speed of reforms, and financial pressures on the NHS.
The Commons Health Select Committee has said meeting efficiency savings will test the NHS to the limit.
Doubts remain about whether there will be enough interest in every area to get effective consortiums of GPs set up across the country.
It is also acknowledged that the policy is not without risks. Sceptics have questioned whether it is wise to give what are effectively independent businesses - GPs are not employees of the NHS in the same way other doctors are - such vast amounts of money.
Some are also critical of the idea because they see it as unnecessary upheaval and reorganisation at a time when the NHS is under pressure to become more efficient.
The initiative has long been championed by the Tories. They have hailed it as a way of setting the NHS free from political interference.
It is likely to be created from the current NHS management board which sits in the Department of Health and includes regional health chiefs.
The board will be given responsibility for setting standards and holding GPs to account. It is also expected to take charge of paying for some services which are not being given to the GP consortiums. These include dentistry and specialist services such as paediatric intensive care, which are only done in the largest hospitals.
In the future, the Department of Health could be renamed the Department of Public Health to concentrate on issues such as obesity and alcohol abuse.
Are hospitals changing too?
Yes, and potentially quite radically too. The White Paper talked about creating a "vibrant" industry of social enterprises.
Key to this is getting all trusts to attain self-governing foundation trust status - nearly two thirds have so far.
What is more, the cap on private income is to be lifted, allowing them to compete with private firms in a host of areas. This in itself is quite a significant step.
The government has also talked about hospitals going a step further and becoming employee-led bodies as the retailer John Lewis is.
However, that would be complicated to achieve. For one thing, hospitals have considerable assets, such as buildings, which are owned by the state and would need to be bought. This would prove too expensive if they were valued at market prices.
What changes will patients see?
Visually, none. They will still walk through the doors of their local GP surgery and talk to the same staff they always do.
However, if the government achieves its aim they may find themselves with more control over their care.
Mr Lansley has said the reforms set out a vision for an NHS led by patients and professionals, not by politicians. He has said patients will be handed more choice over how and where they are treated.
They can already choose which hospital they want to go to for non-emergency operations, such as knee and hip replacements.
In the future, this choice is to be extended to GPs. Practice boundaries will be scrapped, enabling a patient to register with any family doctor they wish to.
Patients have been promised more and clearer information. Central to this will be HealthWatch, a patient body which will collate information on performance and feedback from patients themselves.
What happens now?
This year will see GPs start piloting the plans, before full roll out is completed by April 2013. The existing management structure - PCTs and Strategic Health Authorities - is likely to be abolished within three years.
All NHS trusts should gain foundation trust status by 2013 as well.
What is the situation elsewhere in the UK?
Health is a devolved power and as such the plans affect only England. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have not given responsibility to GPs on this scale.
They have traditionally relied on more input from the medical profession for the management of local services.
In Scotland, there are 14 health boards with doctors given senior roles.
Wales has something similar following a restructuring last year which saw 22 health boards and local NHS trusts merged into seven larger health boards in charge of delivering and monitoring services.
Northern Ireland has an integrated health and social care system with four boards in charge of monitoring the performance of NHS trusts.


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Question: Roy Hodgson says England's 2-1 loss to Iceland and exit from Euro 2016 will cause longer-term "damage" to the team.

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And Football Association chief executive Martin Glenn said it is now "imperative" to find out why England are "brittle" at tournaments.
Hodgson, who resigned after Monday's game, repeatedly questioned why he had to attend a news conference on Tuesday.
But he said: "One particularly bad game has caused a lot of damage to me personally and the team going forward."
Hodgson, 68, added: "We have a major bridge to repair - had we played better last night that might not need repairing."
England won just one of their four games at the tournament in France, qualifying second from their group behind Wales to reach the last 16, where they suffered the humiliating defeat by a nation with a population of just 330,000.
Hodgson said there were no "magic answers" to explain England's performance at the European Championship, where they also drew with Russia and Slovakia and beat Wales with a last-minute winner.
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Glenn did not rule out appointing a foreign manager as Hodgson's successor, adding: "We are looking for the best person, not necessarily the best Englishman."
But he said the key thing to address was England's regular failure, which has seen them reach only three semi-finals at a major tournament since they won the 1966 World Cup as hosts.
"We need to punch our weight in tournaments in a way that we have not done in 50 years," added Glenn.
"When we get to the business end of a tournament, England seem brittle and we need to understand why that is."
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Hodgson read a statement to announce his resignation after the Iceland game which he felt was "sufficient" - and four times during Tuesday's news conference he said he should not need to face the media again.
"I am still a little bit unsure what I'm doing here," said the former Fulham, West Brom and Liverpool boss. " I suppose someone has to stand and take the slings and arrows."
When BBC sports editor Dan Roan suggested Hodgson had been forced to attend, Hodgson replied: "I wasn't forced to come. I was anxious to make certain no-one in this room can say I was worried to face the media."
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Hodgson faced heavy criticism following the goalless draw against Slovakia for making six changes to the side that had beaten Wales, despite knowing a victory would mean England topped the group.
He was also criticised for the tactic of having Tottenham striker Harry Kane take corners during the tournament and starting Manchester City forward Raheem Sterling against Iceland.
During Tuesday's news conference, England captain Wayne Rooney released a statement saying reports the players had lost faith in Hodgson are "completely untrue".
When asked about the reports, Hodgson added: "If it was true, they disguised it very well from the players and coaching staff."
Glenn described the dressing room as a scene of "devastation and personal grief" after the defeat at the Allianz Riviera in Nice.
He added: "Let's scotch that one - it's not about a lack of passion amongst our players."
England scored only four goals in four matches at Euro 2016 and Hodgson felt his side were not "ruthless" enough in France.
He said: "We did not play well last night and I take full responsibility for that.
"We showed signs of good football in the first three games, which gave us confidence, but last night we didn't reproduce.
"I'm disappointed. I didn't see it coming. I had no indication that we were going to play that badly."
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He added: "I'm sure those players will live up to expectations and one day I'm sure we'll see England do well in a tournament - I'm hoping in 2018 [at the World Cup in Russia].
"They have shown they are worthy of wearing an England shirt and they have shown myself and my coaches that in this tournament."
Glenn will be fronting a three-man panel to decide the next England manager, with FA technical director Dan Ashworth and board member and ex-Manchester United chief executive David Gill.
They will be canvassing opinion from current and former managers, players and clubs.
Glenn told BBC Radio 5 live that a new manager could be in place for England's World Cup qualifier against Slovakia on 4 September - but did not rule out an interim manager being appointed.
And on England's ability to recover from the disappointment of Euro 2016, he added: "It's a dark day but I'm an innate optimist.
"If you go back 10 years and [Arsenal manager] Arsene Wenger saying he wasn't seeing the technical quality coming through at age 10 - that's not true any more.
"This team cared. How to prepare them to make them more resilient when it comes to those pressure-cooker games is the job we've got to do going forward."
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Hodgson won 33 of his 56 games as England boss after being appointed in 2012, succeeding Italian Fabio Capello.
England reached the quarter-finals of Euro 2012 - losing to Italy on penalties - before a dismal showing at the 2014 World Cup, where they exited at the group stages without winning a game.
Glenn added: "I want to thank Roy. The set-up now is much stronger than the one he inherited. Iceland is not your legacy or epitaph, we have much to be grateful for."
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The 25-year-old injured his thigh during Friday's training session at St George's Park.
The Football Association confirmed that the Liverpool player will miss next week's game in Basel.
"Heartbroken soul right now," he tweeted. "Nothing worse than being injured."
Sturridge added: "Hopefully be back soon fighting fit for LFC."
An FA spokesman said: "Daniel Sturridge has had a scan and will now return to Liverpool FC for treatment. He will play no part in the forthcoming Switzerland match."
Sturridge, who has scored five goals in 16 international appearances, left Liverpool's pre-season tour of the United States early after injuring a hamstring.
He played in the Reds' first three Premier League matches, scoring the winner in the 2-1 opening-day victory over Southampton.
England manager Roy Hodgson will have captain Wayne Rooney, Liverpool's Rickie Lambert and new Arsenal signing Danny Welbeck as his remaining attacking options.
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Chelsea central defender Gary Cahill believes the game will be one of England's toughest tests in a qualifying group also featuring Slovenia, Estonia, Lithuania and San Marino.
The 28-year-old asked for supporters to show patience as England seek to rebuild following their early World Cup exit and the international retirements of experienced midfielders Steven Gerrard and Frank Lampard.
"Switzerland will be confident, but it is a great opportunity to bounce back from a disappointing summer," he said.
"Turning around our fortunes is not going to happen overnight - everyone knows and expects that."


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Question: The Badminton World Federation (BWF) has apologised after the old fascist-era Spanish national anthem was played for gold medallist Carolina Marin at the world championships in Indonesia.

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Marin successfully defended her world title in Jakarta on Sunday against India's Saina Nehwal.
But the version of Spain's Royal March played at the medal ceremony was the one dating back to Gen Francisco Franco's far-right dictatorship.
Spain got rid of the words in 1978.
Since the death of Franco the Royal March has been played without words - and the mistake in Jakarta clearly amused Marin as she stood on the podium. A video clip on YouTube showed her reaction.
The words were written by poet Jose Maria Peman in 1928 and were adopted by Franco's nationalists in 1939 after their victory over left-wing forces in the Spanish Civil War.
"An older version of the anthem was played during the Women's Singles medal ceremony following Marin's retention of the title which she won a year ago," the BWF said in a statement.
"The Badminton World Federation and the hosts, the Indonesia Badminton Association, sincerely regret this unfortunate mistake."
The old anthem includes the words: "Glory to the Fatherland that knew how to follow, over the blue of the sea the path of the sun."

PV Sindhu upset China's Wang Yihan in the women's singles quarter final on Tuesday.
Wang, 28, was favoured to win having won silver at the 2012 London Olympics.
Many on social media praised her achievement and voiced their hope for her to win a medal.
Sindhu beat Wang 22-20, 21-19 in a 54-minute match. The Indian athlete will go up against Japanese player Nozomi Okuhara in the semi-finals on Thursday.
Indians on Twitter rallied around Sindhu, saying she had brought pride to her country.
"This girl is on fire!!!!! 2 straight sets! Come on Sindhu!" said Tapsee Pannu.
"Woke up to the great news of PV Sindhu winning. You make us proud," said another user.
"India medal hopes are alive again with this win," another commented.
"India is behind you", a user added.
Born on 5 July 1995, Sindhu started playing badminton when she was eight years old.
The athlete says her parents, both former volleyball players, motivated her to chase her dreams.
She has been training under former international player P Gopichand, who also coached former world number one Saina Nehwal until 2014.
Nehwal was India's top medal contender in Rio but she suffered a shock defeat against Maria Ulitina of Ukraine on Sunday.
But Sindhu has kept India's medal hopes alive.
"She never gives up and that's her best quality," Gopichand says.
Sindhu reached the semi-finals of the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow in 2014.  She reached the final of the Denmark Open in 2015 but lost to China's Li Xuerui.
She defeated Scotland's Kristy Gilmour earlier in 2016 to win the Malaysia Masters Grand Prix Gold title.


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Question: Scotland's hotel sector had a "pretty good year" in 2015 despite an overall fall in occupancy and revenue, according to a report.

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Business advisers BDO found occupancy rates dipped by 0.9%, while rooms yield fell by 2.2%.
This compared with increases in both categories in regional UK, England and Wales.
BDO said a poor year for Aberdeen hotels had "skewed" the overall performance north of the border.
Average rooms yield in the Granite City fell last year by 22%, from £68.71 to £53.60, while occupancy was down by nearly a fifth, from 78.5% to 64%.
However, other cities performed strongly, with Edinburgh recording the fifth highest revenue of any city outside London.
Glasgow had the third highest occupancy figure outside London, after Chester and Southampton.
In Inverness, revenue was up 4.3% to £55.26, while occupancy fell 1.7% to 80.5%.
Alastair Rae, from BDO, said: "Scotland's hospitality sector had a pretty good year in 2015 with the exception of Aberdeen, and it is that city's figures which have skewed the overall performance of the hotel industry in these numbers.
"But, although the fall in occupancy and revenue in Aberdeen is severe it is partially because it was from such a great height.
"Despite a 22% revenue fall year on year Aberdeen still has a higher figure at £53.60 than Glasgow at £51.82. This reflects the very rarefied market that Aberdeen occupied prior to the fall in the oil price."
He added: "There are signs of some stabilising in the oil price so I would expect the downward curve in the occupancy and revenue in Aberdeen to reduce somewhat as the market comes to terms with its new operating environment.
"Across the wider market I would expect the coming year to be slightly better but not exceptionally so."

Visitor numbers increased by 12% to 2.6m, official figures from the Northern Ireland Statistical Research Agency (Nisra) suggest.
The data shows a major recovery in the Republic of Ireland market, with trips across the border up by a third on 2015 - to 456,000.
The Giant's Causeway remains Northern Ireland's most popular attraction.
In 2016, it had 944,000 thousand visitors, up 11% on 2015.
Titanic Belfast was the next best performer with 667,000 visitors.
The figures suggest the domestic visitor market - overnight trips taken in Northern Ireland by local people - was well down on the previous year.
The value of sterling was likely a key factor in 2016 trends, tourism officials have said.
After June's referendum, visitors from the US and the Eurozone have seen their money go further when exchanged into pounds.
Separate hotel occupancy figures have shown that after a sluggish start to 2016, things took off after last June's Brexit vote.
Tourism NI said the figures reflected a very strong year, with Northern Ireland remaining "more competitive" due to the pound.
While there is a significant margin of error in the figures, there has been a general upward trend in Northern Ireland's tourism sector since 2011, said Nisra.


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Question: Generosity of spirit is a virtue and one should perhaps give the prime minister the benefit of the doubt, and presume he is telling the truth.

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But accepting that his briefing to journalists at the G7 - at which he was reported as saying ministers would have to back him on EU reform or quit - was about the behaviour of ministers right now before any reforms have been negotiated, rather than in a future referendum on the UK's membership of Europe, leads to some worrying conclusions.
One possibility is that this was at the forefront of his mind - that he was reflecting on a huge internal row that we know nothing about.
I've seen it before - the public words only make sense when we read the private memoirs many years later.
It is possible, with a dash of that generosity - and a couple of handfuls of vivid imagination - to imagine some cabinet ministers are telling the prime minister his renegotiation is pointless and they want to shout from the rooftops that Britain should leave the EU come what may, even before he has started talks.
If this is the case, and they aren't even willing to pay lip service to his plan, even for a few short months, then he would have every right to demand they should exit from his presence forthwith.
It is hard to see how any minister could have the extraordinary temerity to demand to stay on the inside, while playfully soaking the tent.
So if that is why Mr Cameron interpreted the questions in such an odd way then he is in a whole world of pain, and the government is on the verge of revolt and disintegration.
If it is not the case, but Mr Cameron did genuinely misunderstand the clear point of the journalists' questions, then it is worrying that he is allowed anywhere near vital negotiations involving simple comprehension, or indeed putting nouns and verbs in the proper order.
To misunderstand the point of the inquiries you would have to be, to use a technical political term, a bit thick.
But most observers do not presume the PM is either daft or facing an imminent revolt.
They assume he meant what he said at the time, and subsequently had his spokeswoman row back at a rate of knots because he came under a lot of pressure from ministers who want to leave their options open when negotiations are concluded.
On one obvious level this is dangerous politics.
Shooting the messenger is all very well - gunning down the men and women who cover politics day in and day out, leaving them wounded, aggrieved, and distrustful is not smart.
But it is wise of Mr Cameron not to box himself in.
He is a master tactician unburdened by too much strategy, and will need plenty of wiggle room in the future, to work out which option is less likely to make his supporters squirm.
Whether or not to allow ministers the right to campaign either for an "In" or "Out" in a referendum will be a profound decision.
It implies the lesser, but still important, question of whether there will be a single, official Conservative Party position - a near impossibility, I think.
There won't be a good decision for Mr Cameron - only a less bad one.
Much will depend on the political realities at the time.
From Mr Cameron's point of view, there is obviously great merit in having a government position, presumably for a 'yes' vote and demanding loyalty from ministers.
It gives the country a firm and decisive message.
But if he insists on a facade of unity the risk is that it will fracture.
It almost certainly would to an extent. The question is how big the cracks would be.
There is a range from the terminally damaging - half the cabinet resigning - to the negligible (the junior minister for spoons going off in a huff and having his five minutes of glory on the Today programme).
The reality is likely to be somewhere in between.
While there are attractions for Mr Cameron in showing a liberality of spirit and allowing ministers to follow their inner instincts, there is a risk that a herd of them will head off to the "No" campaign, knowing there will be no penalty for undermining their leader and making the government look chaotic and split.
It doesn't take much to turn that from a matter of consciousness to a leadership challenge to a man you have judged to be selling a duff deal.
It is worth noting Boris Johnson has suggested it would be "safer and more harmonious" to allow minsters to campaign as they wish.
On the other hand if cabinet ministers who are well known sceptics, like the Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond, do declare that they will back the UK staying in the EU that would be a powerful boost for the prime minister's case.
This is all being watched with extreme frustration across the continent.
Many in Westminster are misjudging the position of Mr Cameron's European allies.
Mrs Merkel's emollience and genuine alarm at the idea of the UK leaving the EU should not be taken for tolerance of the British debate.
The view is that Mr Cameron has no real burning desire to reshape Britain's relationship with the Union, but that he has got himself into a profound pickle trying to soothe his insatiable and fractious party.
They are wearily willing to lend a hand to pull him out of a morass of his own making, but don't expect to be lectured in the process.
The level of distress the continuing debate causes within the government is important for all of us.
Dealing with such a profoundly important question as the UK's future destiny is exhausting.
Sitting on a tiny majority and keeping together a party that is well versed in civil war is nerve-wracking.
The prime minister and chancellor may have boundless skill and enthusiasm, but they are only human.
Scaling twin peaks of such magnitude may not leave them with a great deal of time and energy to focus on bread-and-butter issues.
It is uncomfortable being a passenger in a vehicle where there is an argument over which way to go, more so if someone is actually trying to grab the steering wheel.
The prime minister has a nearly impossible job.
It is not just that his party is split on Europe - it is more that it isn't.
"We will legislate in the first session of the next Parliament for an in-out referendum to be held on Britain's membership of the EU before the end of 2017.
We will negotiate a new settlement for Britain in the EU. And then we will ask the British people whether they want to stay in on this basis, or leave.
We will honour the result of the referendum, whatever the outcome."
A majority in the Conservative Party have a widespread contempt for the European Union.
They will take some convincing to temper that, and argue Mr Cameron has changed the world.
Nevertheless, some Conservatives, including, I would guess, the prime minister and chancellor, feel that on balance it is in the national interest to stay part of the club, at least after a few cosmetic tweaks.
The strength of belief on the other side is deeper, and more passionate, if just as hard-headed about what is in the national interest.
It makes the tone of debate difficult, and the risk to the Conservative Party serious.
It may be easier for a self-declared two-term prime minister to choose country over party but it will be a dangerous moment.
It is always difficult when a country's leader has to choose between perceived national interest and party unity, and it is unsurprising Mr Cameron has chosen to look muddled now rather than face a revolt before talks have even begun.

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UK Prime Minister David Cameron probably assumes there is an uncontested definition of the word corruption.
The big anti-corruption summit he hosted in London last week was held on the understanding that we all agree on what is meant by corruption and the only difference of opinion is about who or which country is more corrupt than another.
There has therefore been much excited coverage of Mr Cameron being caught on camera telling Queen Elizabeth that leaders of two "fantastically corrupt" countries - Afghanistan and Nigeria - were going to be at the conference.
I wish, though, that the conference had spent some time defining exactly what the participants understood as corruption. I have been exploring some different definitions of the word.
The World Bank definition is straightforward and calls it "the abuse of public office for private gain".
The Danish International Development Agency defines it as the "misuse of entrusted power for private gain".
The definition goes further to state that it might or might not involve the taking of bribes. In other words, the critical ingredients in the definition would seem to be public office, or entrusted power, and the abuse of that position for private gain.
So it was interesting that when my president, Ghana's John Mahama, was asked a straightforward question in a BBC Focus on Africa interview on whether he had ever taken a bribe, he stuttered and wanted to know if the question referred to him in his position as president.
The president obviously believed there was a difference between the entity of "John Mahama" and that of "President John Mahama".
It should have been clear to President Mahama that the audience was interested only in the entity called President Mahama.
He was being interviewed on the subject because he is president of Ghana. We have no interest in his exploits as a Ringway Estate boy, nor in his role as an employee of the Japanese Embassy in Accra.
We might be interested in how he performed as a member of parliament, a minister of state and as a vice-president - but the question posed to him in the interview unambiguously referred to him in his role as a public officer, a man entrusted with power.
We can take it from the way the interview went that Mr Mahama has not taken a bribe before and we will have to pursue questioning about the situation with President Mahama.
The accepted definition of corruption involves the holding of public office, and if the president wants to make a distinction between John Mahama as a private entity and John Mahama as president, we should be interested in his answer only in so far as it refers to his position of entrusted power.
The difficulty we have surely is the reluctance to call thievery in public life by its proper name of stealing and calling it corruption instead. If the world wants to deal with corruption, we should start by probably abandoning the term corruption altogether.
Corruption simply does not carry the same odium as stealing or thievery. The word has been sanitised.
And yet corruption is stealing, corruption is thievery done by public officials - except the amounts involved are large and instead of prosecutions, we deal with the phenomenon by holding conferences and commissions of inquiry.
If Mr Cameron had been overheard saying Nigeria and Afghanistan have more thieves, dishonest and fraudulent people than anywhere else in the world, there would have been an almighty uproar and it would have taken some doing to pacify Presidents Buhari and Ghani.
I suspect that if BBC interviewer Peter Okochwe had asked President Mahama if he had ever stolen money, he would not have asked whether as president or whatever other identity he thinks he has, and he would have received a straightforward answer.
So let's call thieving by its proper name and stop beating about the bush. Corruption is stealing.
More from Elizabeth Ohene:


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Question: League One side Oldham have revealed they were unable to pay their players before Saturday's loss to Crewe.

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BBC Radio Manchester understands wages have been late for the past three months, but the club says that players will be paid in full on Wednesday.
Oldham are 21st in League One after 20 games, having won just one of their last six.
"There is nothing to say other than players will be paid tomorrow," Latics chairman Simon Corney said.

The 24-year-old ex-West Ham United youth team player spent four seasons in Turkey playing for Kayserispor, until January 2016.
He returned to Britain to join Falkirk for an undisclosed fee, but left the Scottish Championship club when his contract was terminated a month ago.
Mehmet will fulfil the role of understudy to Leonardo Fasan.
On-loan Celtic keeper Fasan has made five appearances since coming in to replace Jak Alnwick, the day after the latter's January deadline day move to Rangers.
If he makes a first-team appearance, Mehmet would become the fifth keeper Vale have used this season, following Alnwick, Fasan, the now departed Miguel Santos and youngster Ryan Boot, who has been on the bench since Fasan's arrival.
They also have two other young keepers, Harry Pickering and Sam Johnson, who is out on loan at National League North side FC Halifax and not allowed to return under new regulations.
Port Vale, still under the caretaker management of Michael Brown, are now five points from safety at the bottom of League One.
Bury, Swindon and Oldham all won on Tuesday night, while Vale's game at Rochdale was called off late on because of a waterlogged pitch.
But Vale, who visit play-off hopefuls Southend on Saturday, now have three games in hand on some of the teams around them.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: The good weather has helped make day trips in and to Wales popular in 2014.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Latest figures show 48 million people took day trips in Wales in the first six months of the year - a 19% increase from the 40 million recorded in 2013.
August has also been a bumper month with 82% of tourism businesses reporting more, or a similar number of, guests compared with 2013.
And 45% of all businesses said they had more visitors last month compared to the same time last year.
Figures in the government's August Tourism Business Survey show hotels, guest houses and B&Bs have all benefitted with 59% reporting a higher number of guests.
Source: Tourism Business Survey
Attractions also saw an increase with 43% saying they had more visitors than last year.
As the results were announced, the Deputy Minister for Culture, Sport and Tourism Ken Skates visited the National Trust's Erddig in north Wales.
And the Minister for the Economy, Transport and Science, Edwina Hart visited Llwyn Helyg Guest House in Carmarthenshire, who have also had a busy summer
Welcoming the figures, Mr Skates said: "It seems that 2014 is proving to be an excellent year for Welsh tourism, even compared to 2013 which was a successful year in itself.
"Although the weather has been kind this year, the weather was also good for the UK as a whole but Wales is managing to outperform the rest of GB in terms of attracting staying visitors and day visitors.
"Visit Wales' marketing working is achieving its response targets and I look forward to working with the Tourism Advisory Board to realise our target of 10% growth for the industry by 2020.
"These figures show that the tourism sector is going from strength to strength."

16 May 2017 Last updated at 11:48 BST
As well as the usual places to visit like art galleries and museums, there are also extra events being put on to bring more visitors to the area.
So what should you make sure you don't miss out on?
Katie has been giving us a tour of the places in her city she loves most.


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Question: Sebastian Vettel has signed a new contract to stay with Ferrari until the end of 2020.

The four-time champion has been at the team since 2015 and has helped build them up to be title contenders this year after a difficult few seasons.
Vettel is leading the championship by 14 points from Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton with nine races remaining.
The move ends speculation that the 30-year-old could be considering a move to Mercedes in the near future.
A statement from Ferrari said the team had "extended its technical and racing agreement" with Vettel "for the 2018, 2019 and 2020 racing seasons of the F1 world championship".
In Ferrari's time-honoured style, the statement contained no quotes or further information from the driver or the team.
Ferrari announced earlier this week they had retained Vettel's team-mate Kimi Raikkonen for one more season.
Vettel had made it clear his preference was for the Finn to stay.
Vettel's decision is likely to be followed by confirmation from Mercedes that they will retain Valtteri Bottas for at least another season alongside Hamilton.
The Finn was signed on a one-year deal to replace world champion Nico when after the German retired from F1 after winning the title last year.
Hamilton is contracted to Mercedes until the end of 2018.
Later, after qualifying second to title rival Lewis Hamilton's Mercedes, Vettel said: "I love this team and the people who work for this brand," adding: "In a way, it was a no-brainer to continue. We haven't yet achieved what we wanted to achieve. But things are looking pretty good and obviously we have a long road ahead of us."
Asked whether he had talks with Mercedes over the summer, he said: "I have been around in the paddock for a while so I know people and it's only natural you talk, but it has never been more than chatting," he said. "I have been talking for a while with Ferrari. My intention was to stay."
Mercedes F1 boss Toto Wolff said: "There were zero discussions with Sebastian about a contract."
Vettel added that he had signed the deal at this weekend's Belgian Grand Prix and talked of the inspiration he has following in the footsteps of his childhood hero Michael Schumacher.
"We haven't succeeded. The mission is still ongoing. I want to win in red. We talked about inspiration earlier, about Michael, who was mostly dressed in red, he won most of his races and championships in red.
"I don't want to step in his footsteps. The whole generation of the Ferrari team today was to leave their own footsteps but certainly there is a huge inspiration. Something that for me is now the biggest challenge and dream I have. It's what I want to achieve."

The 21-year-old, who was the reserve driver for Mercedes in 2015, takes the first of two vacant Manor seats.
Wehrlein won the DTM German Touring Car Championship in 2015 and has experience of driving F1 cars in testing.
"Pascal is a sharp driver with a very promising future," said Manor boss Stephen Fitzpatrick. "We've chosen a driver with the talent and hunger to match our ambitions."
Wehrlein, who has a deal with Manor for the entire season, said: "Manor Racing is a great place for me to start my F1 racing career. I'm very pleased to be here.
"It's a small and totally focused team and I soon hope to know everyone.
"Though it's my first F1 season my aim is to help Stephen and the guys achieve their goals. It will be a tough challenge but I think we should be able to challenge for points along the way. It's going to be good fun."
Wehrlein also thanked Mercedes F1 boss Toto Wolff, who helped engineer the move as part of Manor's new engine partnership with Mercedes.
Alexander Rossi and Will Stevens, who drove for Manor in 2015, and Indonesian rookie Rio Haryanto are all in the frame to partner Wehrlein.
Wehrlein's opportunity for increased experience in F1 comes amidst uncertainty over the future of Mercedes driver Nico Rosberg, whose contract expires this year.
Wolff has said he will make no decision on Rosberg's future until he has seen the first part of the 2016 season.
If Rosberg continues his current high level of performance and the relationship between the German and three-time world champion Lewis Hamilton remains manageable, Mercedes are likely to retain Rosberg, at least for one more year.
But giving Wehrlein some experience increases their options.
They are also keeping an eye on Daniel Ricciardo and Max Verstappen, both of whom are under contract to Red Bull beyond the end of 2016.
Verstappen's deal runs until the end of 2017, while Ricciardo's lasts for a year longer.
They have struggled at the back of the grid since entering F1 in 2010 but have undergone a major restructure in an attempt to improve.
Team founder John Booth and president Graeme Lowdon left at the end of last season after agreeing future plans with Fitzpatrick, who saved the team from oblivion by buying it in early 2015.
Fitzpatrick has recruited experienced former McLaren sporting director Dave Ryan as racing director to run the team.
He has also brought in leading technicians Pat Fry and Nikolas Tombazis, design engineers sacked by Ferrari at the end of their winless 2014 season.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Public meetings are set to take place on plans to demolish a "rotten" Victorian pavilion in Skegness and create a £3.5m community hub in its place.

The Tower Gardens Pavilion, which dates back to 1879, is in danger of collapsing, according to Skegness Town Council.
It said much of the building was rotten and beyond repair.
Plans for a new community building would include a heritage centre.
More on this and other stories in Lincolnshire
Previous attempts to save the building, which has been empty since 2007, have been unsuccessful, and a recent survey found rising damp, corrosion, holes in the roof, collapsed floors and rotting woodwork.
Steve Larner from the town council said a new building would help with the regeneration of the area, but acknowledged some would be disappointed to see the pavilion demolished.
"Unfortunately it is not possible to save the existing building, the state of decay is such that the wood is rotten, the floors are rotten, it could all fall down," he said.
Public meetings will take place in the town hall later and at the the site of the pavilion on Thursday. There is also an online survey.
Under the plans, the responsibility and management of the site would be transferred from East Lindsey District Council to Skegness Town Council.
Any new building would have a focus on sustainability and generate its own income, the council added.

Suffolk Coastal District Council has approved plans from developers who want to build an entertainment and conference venue.
Restaurants, retail units and an observation tower will also feature on the pier and part of the nearby boating lake will be turned into a car park.
Designer Haydn Evans said the new-look pier could be open by as early as Easter 2014.


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Question: The mother of a four-year-old girl who called 999 when she suffered a near-fatal allergic reaction has described her daughter as "brave and incredible".

Suzie McCash, from Tynemouth, rang police and calmly explained that "Mummy's got her eyes closed" and that she could not talk.
A recording of the call was released by Northumbria Police, who said she almost certainly saved her mother's life.
Rowena McCash was treated in hospital and has made a full recovery.
The GP suffered a severe allergic reaction at home last month and went into respiratory arrest.
Suzie dialled 999 and described her mother's situation to police call handler Adam Hall, who guided paramedics to the family home in Tynemouth.
The youngster earlier received a bravery award and was reunited with the police and ambulance service staff involved in the drama.
Dr McCash said: "I feel incredibly fortunate for how brave and clever Suzie was and I am incredibly proud of her.
"She's so amazing. Everyone thinks their children are amazing, but this is something else.
"Suzie tells me I fell on the floor and that I just wouldn't get up again.
"At some point I got to the sofa, but we don't quite know what happened after that.
"I'm so grateful to the police, especially the police call handler, who was just so calm."
Paramedic Jamie Frend, who treated Dr McCash before taking her to hospital, said: "When we arrived Suzie made a beeline for me and gave me possibly one of the most professional and succinct handovers regarding her mum that I have ever had. From a child, it blew me away.
"She said Mum was possibly having a reaction to something, that she had taken her medication twice and it hadn't worked.
"She also told me how Mum had presented before the 999 call and during the call, which gave me a good picture of what was happening."
Supt Nicola Musgrove said: "Suzie's mum stopped breathing altogether but paramedics were able to stabilise her.
"Had it not been for the quick actions of Suzie she would undoubtedly have died."

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

To give you a sense - "['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', 'The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) said it was looking into a social media post by Katy Bourne during the 2016 PCC election period.\nA member of the public complained she stated she had not claimed any expenses during her previous four-year PCC term.\nThe complaint alleged she had in fact filed expense claims of about Â£385.\nThe claims were filed between November 2012 and October 2013, it was alleged.\n"As Mrs Bourne is a Police and Crime Commissioner, the IPCC will investigate whether she made a false statement during the 2016 election," said IPCC deputy chair Sarah Green.\n"On completion of the investigation we will decide whether any matters should be referred to the Crown Prosecution Service for its consideration."\nPCCs are referred to the IPCC only when there is an indication of a possible criminal offence.\nThe IPCC said it would investigate whether there was a criminal breach of s106 of the Representation of the Peoples Act 1983']" should be close to "['This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article', "A complaint that the electorate was misled over the Sussex Police and Crime Commissioner's (PCC) expenses is being investigated by the police watchdog."]"

The toddler was savaged by Andrew McGowan's American bully dogs in Dingle, Liverpool, leaving her with serious injuries to her head and body.
McGowan later admitted the animals had been dangerously out of control.
The 35-year-old, of Cockburn Street, Dingle, was jailed for 18 months by magistrates in Liverpool.
He was also banned from keeping dogs for 12 years.
The girl, who cannot be named for legal reasons, was taken by air ambulance to Alder Hey Children's Hospital after the dogs pounced, on the afternoon of 7 May.
Neighbours said they heard the girl screaming and shouts of: "The dog's got the baby! The dog's got the baby!"
The dogs also hurt a 57-year-old woman who tried to rescue the girl in the garden on Cockburn Street.
Five dogs and six puppies were seized after the attack, two of which were put down.
In a victim impact statement, the girl's mother described seeing her in an ambulance "covered in blood".
"I could not make out any of her facial features and with shock I left the ambulance because I knew I needed to remain strong for my baby girl," she said.
"My daughter and I were airlifted in the helicopter to the hospital and the journey in itself was traumatic. She lost consciousness and I honestly thought my baby girl wasn't going to make it."
She said her daughter had been left traumatised, scared to leave her home and could remember the attack in detail.
However, she said she had "defied the odds" and was recovering well from her physical injuries.
Speaking after the sentencing, she said: "He [McGowan] will only serve nine months in prison but my baby girl will have to live with this for the rest of her life."
Det Ch Insp John Webster said it was only through "sheer fortune" that other children playing in the garden had not been injured.
He added: "The injuries and the trauma the girl suffered will probably stay with her for a long time, but I hope with the love and support of her family it is something that she will in time be able to fully recover from."
American bully dogs, which are similar to pit bull terriers, are not a banned breed.


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: German airline Lufthansa says the current strike is costing the company at least €10m (£7m) a day.

A spokesman for the airline said a concrete figure would only become clear in the coming weeks, but that the losses were "clearly in the double-digit millions of euros".
More than 11,000 passengers have been hit by the cabin crew action.
They are in dispute with management over early retirement benefits and pensions.
"The concrete damage will only be clear in the coming weeks when we know how many passengers claimed refunds, how many were rebooked, and how many passengers we accommodated at hotels," a spokesman told reporters at Frankfurt airport, before adding that the losses would "clearly be in the double-digit millions of euros".
Lufthansa's management has described the action has "unprecedented" and is meeting to discuss the consequences. A statement is expected later.
It is the third day of industrial action and stoppages could continue until Friday.
The company wants to bring down pension costs as part of a savings drive to allow it to compete more effectively with low-cost rivals and Gulf carriers.
But it has so far failed to reach an agreement with the union.
Lufthansa's reluctance to meet its demands is "not comprehensible", given that the company just raised its full year profit forecast to €1.95bn, the union has said.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

Two in three long-distance trains and hundreds of commuter services have been cancelled from Wednesday morning.
GDL union leader Claus Weselsky has given no end date for the strike, but said it would "last a little longer" than the previous five-day stoppage.
The GDL has staged a series of strikes to call for a 5% pay rise for 20,000 drivers and a shorter working week.
It is also pushing for the right to negotiate on behalf of other train staff, including conductors and restaurant staff.
Deutsche Bahn, which employs 200,000 people, has offered the drivers a 4.7% pay rise plus a one-off €1,000 (£715; $1,110) payment, but refused to allow GDL to negotiate for other workers.
This is the ninth walkout in just 11 months and follows a five-day train strike earlier in May, which was the longest in Deutsche Bahn's 21-year history.
An estimated 5.5 million people travel daily by train in Germany.
Economists estimate that the strike earlier this month cost the German economy some €750m (£541m) in lost activity.
"Strikes hurt everyone and cost time and money," said Ulrich Weber, Deutsche Bahn's personnel chief.
"The GDL is taking Deutsche Bahn customers hostage for egotistical reasons to get more power," said Ingo Kramer, president of Germany's BDA employers' association.


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Transport for London (TfL) is putting a very brave and conciliatory face on what is not so much a U-turn as an almighty, screeching handbrake turn.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

For years transport bosses insisted the New Routemaster buses did not need opening windows and for years the complaints about heat on the top deck kept on coming.
Now TfL will spend £2m resolving the problem, retro-fitting all the vehicles with opening windows on the top deck and two downstairs
It said it had listened to passengers but it's not clear yet why it has had a change of heart.
TfL's director of buses Mike Weston said: "We don't think it will make the buses cooler on really hot days, but what it will do is it will create a bit of a breeze ... so I think it will make customers feel a little bit more comfortable.
"I think it's the right design for London, we're just doing a bit of tweaking to make it even better."
Caroline Pidgeon, London Assembly leader of the Liberal Democrats, described the current buses as a "cauldron on wheels" and said "it simply beggars belief that such expensive buses were ever purchased by the mayor and TfL with such a basic design fault".
TfL had bought them for £350,000.
The introduction of the bus was used as a rallying call in Mayor Boris Johnson's 2008 election campaign, but his flagship transport project has had plenty of problems.
The batteries have sometimes failed meaning they have had to rely on diesel and some no longer have conductors meaning their unique selling point - the hop on and hop off aspect - is greatly restricted.
There are currently 550 on the streets of London and that is set to rise to 800.
Critics have called them a vanity project and said it would have been cheaper to buy hybrid buses off the peg.
Labour's London Assembly Transport Spokesperson Val Shawcross said: "With passengers enduring years of suffocating journeys on overheated buses, these upgrades will be welcomed.
"But the paying public has been left to fork out £2m for more upgrades to what was supposed to be a state of the art vehicle."
This is the transport system that keeps having snags.
While some love them, it does remind me of one industry insider who said to me years ago - politics and transport projects rarely mix.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

For years transport bosses insisted the New Routemaster buses did not need opening windows and for years the complaints about heat on the top deck kept on coming.
Now TfL will spend £2m resolving the problem, retro-fitting all the vehicles with opening windows on the top deck and two downstairs.
It said it had listened to passengers but it's not clear yet why it has had a change of heart.
TfL's director of buses, Mike Weston, said: "We don't think it will make the buses cooler on really hot days, but what it will do is it will create a bit of a breeze... so I think it will make customers feel a little bit more comfortable.
"I think it's the right design for London, we're just doing a bit of tweaking to make it even better."
Caroline Pidgeon, London Assembly leader of the Liberal Democrats, described the current buses as a "cauldron on wheels" and said "it simply beggars belief that such expensive buses were ever purchased by the mayor and TfL with such a basic design fault".
TfL had bought them for £350,000 each.
The introduction of the bus was used as a rallying call in Mayor Boris Johnson's 2008 election campaign, but his flagship transport project has had plenty of problems.
The batteries have sometimes failed, meaning they have had to rely on diesel, and some no longer have conductors meaning their unique selling point - the hop-on and hop-off aspect - is greatly restricted.
There are currently 550 on the streets of London and that is set to rise to 800.
Critics have called them a vanity project and said it would have been cheaper to buy hybrid buses off the peg.
Labour's London Assembly Transport Spokesperson, Val Shawcross, said: "With passengers enduring years of suffocating journeys on overheated buses, these upgrades will be welcomed.
"But the paying public has been left to fork out £2m for more upgrades to what was supposed to be a state-of-the-art vehicle."
This is the transport system that keeps having snags.
While some love them, it does remind me of one industry insider who said to me years ago - politics and transport projects rarely mix.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Private individuals will no longer be allowed to advertise guns on Facebook and Instagram, the photo-sharing service owned by Facebook.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Facebook had already banned the sale of guns without ID checks, but the new rules aim to stop all gun trade between individuals on the sites.
Businesses can still advertise guns on Facebook and Instagram.
The move comes three weeks after US President Barack Obama unveiled new restrictions on gun purchases.
Mr Obama's executive actions included background checks for all gun sellers and the need for states to provide information on people disqualified from buying guns due to mental illness or domestic violence.
The rule change brings gun sales under the same restrictions placed on illegal drugs and pharmaceuticals by Facebook, that has 1.59bn users worldwide.
Why Obama is powerless - the roadblock at Congress
Are you mad or criminal? - the question a gun seller asks
Texas women and their firearms - a photographer taught to shoot at an early age
Do tighter gun laws work? - a state where guns are a way of life
Guns at home - the question parents hate to ask before a playdate
Facebook "was unfortunately and unwittingly serving as an online platform for dangerous people to get guns," Shannon Watts, of the Everytown for Gun Safety campaign group, told Associated Press.
The group said it had found evidence that, in two cases, guns had been bought on the site and used to kill others.
Everytown for Gun Safety was one of a number of groups that had called on Facebook to change its policy.
The National Rifle Association (NRA), which opposes changes to gun legislation, has not yet responded to Facebook's decision.
In 2014, the NRA said previous moves by the network to limit gun advertising were insignificant.
In late 2013, New York's attorney general, Eric T Schneiderman, wrote to Facebook, alerting them to "a number of groups in which users promoted the sale of assault rifles, handguns, rifles, shotguns and gun parts."
Several hours after Facebook's announcement on Friday, dozens of groups on the site advertising private gun sales remained live.
Some users writing on the groups' walls suggested starting new groups under inconspicuous names to avoid detection.

The site, where members answer questions posed by others, has been linked to teenage suicides in the UK and elsewhere and has been criticised for not doing enough to prevent cyberbullying.
IAC, the US company behind the deal, said it would invest "millions" into improving safety on the site.
Ask.fm's founders will leave the firm.
The New York state attorney general, Eric Schneiderman, announced a safety agreement with the new owners.
"Under the terms of the agreement, Ask.fm will revamp its safety policies and procedures," his office said in a statement.
It said Ask.fm had committed to dealing with user complaints within 24 hours and removing users that have been the subject of multiple complaints.
"An independent safety and security examiner will be appointed to examine the changes and report on compliance to the Attorney General's Office for three years," the statement added.
The company was started in 2010 by two Latvian brothers, Ilja and Mark Terebin. It now boasts 180 million monthly users - almost two-thirds the size of rivals Twitter - with roughly 700 posts made each second.
The site, which is very popular among young adults, came under fire last summer following the suicide of 14-year-old Hannah Smith, when it was claimed that abusive comments seen on Ask.fm had contributed to her death.
Similar stories soon surfaced, and the Riga-based firm was heavily criticised for not adequately policing its site. It has also been denounced for hosting pages belonging to Islamic extremists fighting in Syria and Iraq, who had used Ask.fm as a recruiting tool.
June 2010
December 2011
September 2012
August 2013
August 2013
August 2013
September 2013
February 2014
Ask.fm is set up by brothers Ilja and Mark Terebin as a rival to question and answer based social network Formspring.
Privacy settings introduced to Ask.fm, including the option to disable anonymous questions.
Ciara Pugsley, 15, is found dead in woodland near her home in County Leitrim, Ireland. This was the first of several teen suicides linked to abuse via ask fm.
Hannah Smith, 14, is found hanged at her home in Lutterworth, Leicestershire. It is believed she killed herself after she was bullied on the site.
Prime Minister David Cameron urges people to boycott sites which do not 'step up to the plate' and tackle online abuse. He said that after the 'absolutely tragic' death of Hannah Smith, those running the websites had to 'clean up their act'.
Changes made to make Ask.fm safer in the wake of online bullying cases. It said it would view all reports within 24 hours, make the report button more visible, and include bullying and harassment as a category for a report.
In the 2013 Annual Cyberbullying Survey by charity Ditch the Label, Ask.fm is named as one of the three most likely places teenagers experience cyberbullying, alongside Facebook and Twitter.
Ask.fm launches a 'Safety Center' containing advice and guidance for users of the site and their parents.
The network's new owners, IAC, say they are committed to improving child safety and will pour millions of dollars into hiring more moderators and installing better detection systems.
"We wouldn't be getting involved if we didn't think we could make it safer," said Doug Leeds, chief executive of Ask.com, the IAC subsidiary behind the deal.
Why would anyone want to buy a brand as toxic as Ask.fm?
It's probably best known - among adults at least - as the social network that David Cameron wanted to see boycotted over cyberbullying.
I understand that Ask.com first got interested in the site when it started legal action to protect its own brand from contamination.
Then the US firm and its parent group saw just how big and engaged an audience the Latvia-based network had, and began to wonder about a different course of action.
Now the new owners need to move quickly to prove they can to make Ask.fm a safe place for its young users without annoying them so much that they head elsewhere.
What they have is the financial firepower which the buccaneering Latvian founders lacked - it's just that much easier to build and grow a web business in the United States than in Europe.
Mr Leeds added that under new leadership, Ask.fm would pledge to deal with safety complaints within 24 hours.
The site would do so by expanding the existing team of 60 staff, he said.
IAC has also recruited Annie Mullins, a member of the UK government's task force on child protection on the internet, to help improve safety at Ask.fm, as well as Catherine Davis Teitelbaum, who previously worked on safety policy at Yahoo.
Ask.com, known as Ask Jeeves in the UK, is owned by the New York firm InterActiveCorp, also known as IAC.
IAC owns several popular internet brands, including:
In making the deal, Ask.com has joined forces with the venture capitalists (VCs) behind Ask.fm, who retain a minority stake in the firm.
"Our intentions for the company aligned with the VC's," said Mr Leeds.
The founders, who operated under what Mr Leeds terms a "philosophy that's different than ours" have been effectively bought out, and will no longer be involved with Ask.fm
"They had a laissez-faire, libertarian attitude," Mr Leeds added, emphasising that under the new regime, threats of violence and other distressing content would "not be welcome".


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Mexican police have arrested a teachers' union leader accused of siphoning off money raised illegally from union members in the southern city of Oaxaca.

Ruben Nunez has led a decade-long fight for better pay and working conditions.
His supporters say Mr Nunez is innocent, accusing the Mexican government of having political reasons to arrest him.
They have set up roadblocks around Oaxaca to demand his release.
The union has also called for demonstrations in Mexico City on Tuesday and Friday.
Prosecutors have accused Mr Nunez of money laundering.
"He raised more than 24m pesos ($1.3m; Â£900,000) illegally between 2013 and 2015," said Prosecutor Gilberto Higuera.
For two years the union demanded a 3.5% cut of purchases made by unionised members from some businesses in Oaxaca, added Mr Higuera.
The money was taken from the education workers' payslips, which prosecutors say was controlled by the union.
"We have not ruled out the possibility of involvement from other people [from the unions in Oaxaca] in other illegal activities," said Mr Higuera.
Mr Nunez was arrested in the early hours of Sunday and taken to the federal prison of Hermosillo, in the north-western state of Sonora.
Fellow union activist Francisco Villalobos was arrested in Oaxaca.
Mr Nunez is the leader in Oaxaca of the National Co-ordination of Education Workers (CNTE), founded in 1979 as a dissidence of the mainstream SNTE.
The CNTE described the two activists as "political prisoners" and "hostages of the federal government and of [Oaxaca] Governor Gabino Cue".
The union opposes education reforms introduced in 2013 by President Enrique Pena Nieto, which include new measures to evaluate teachers.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article:

The town, which used to be one of Mexico's most popular tourist spots, has seen a rise in violence in recent years as criminal gangs fight for control over illegal activities.
According to a recent report, the city is now the most violent in Mexico.
The government wants to bring the city back to its former popularity.
Officials from the Guerrero state prosecutor's office said three men were killed and another injured in a shoot-out in a bar in the early hours of Sunday.
Also on Sunday, two men and a woman were found murdered in a car. Their bodies showed signs of torture.
In the port area of the city, two young men were killed in their vehicles in separate incidents.
And an anonymous call led police to a shallow grave on the outskirts of the port, where they found the remains of three people.
The Guerrero state prosecutor had warned of a rise in violent incidents less than two weeks ago following the jailing of a local drug lord.
He said taking David Analco Palma, alias El Deivid, off the streets would create "a reaction" and a "reshuffle" among criminals active in the area.
In July, the Mexican government announced a plan to "restore the glory" of the resort town, which was once a popular destination for celebrities and Hollywood film stars.
Despite the arrest of a number of high-profile criminals in Guerrero state and beyond, the government has struggled to curb the high levels of murder in some of the states most affected by drug-related violence.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story:

Question: A gunman who killed dozens of people in an Orlando gay club had complained of being taunted for being Muslim while working as a security guard at a court, newly released documents show.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary:

Omar Mateen told his bosses at G4S he responded by making up stories that he had connections to terror suspects.
The FBI investigated his remarks but determined he did not pose a threat, the documents show.
Mateen killed 49 people and wounded 53 more before being shot dead by police.
He pledged allegiance to the so-called Islamic State group during a call to police shortly before the attack on 12 June and the group later described him as one of its fighters.
FBI agents questioned Mateen twice in 2013 following comments he made to colleagues that he had links to the suspects in the Boston Marathon bombing and also to Nidal Hasan, a former US Army major sentenced to death for the murders of 13 people at Fort Hood in Texas in 2009.
The records released by the St Lucie County Sheriff's Office in Florida show that Mateen complained of being repeatedly taunted for being a Muslim while working as a security guard at the local courthouse.
He said a fellow guard had teased him, saying: "We have to be careful - Omar may send us a bomb and he will get his 72 virgins."
Mateen said that on another occasion a deputy told him he had pork oil on his fingers and he was going to rub them on Mateen's shirt. Muslims consider pork unclean.
According to the documents, Mateen told his employers he had responded to the taunting by making up the stories about ties to people in terror cases.
In a letter to his bosses at private contractor G4S he wrote: "I love the United States. The boasting, I did it just to satisfy the gang of co-workers who ganged up against me. I'm 1,000% pure American. I'm against these terrorists, any one of them."
Mateen was questioned by the FBI again in 2014 about a potential connection to Moner Mohammad Abu-Salha, the American known to have carried out a suicide bombing in the Syria conflict.
The investigation found no "substantial relationship" between Mateen and Abu-Salha and the case was closed, the FBI said.
Mateen, 29, was born in New York to Afghan parents.
The attack on the Pulse nightclub  was the worst mass shooting in modern US history.

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John Robert Neumann, 45, was armed with a semi-automatic handgun and hunting knife when he entered the business near Orlando, Florida, on Monday morning.
The US army veteran was sacked in April, police say.
There is no suggestion he was a member of a subversive or terrorist organisation, they add.
Orange County Sheriff Jerry Demings said the shooting had unfolded at the premises of Fiamma, which makes awnings for motor homes and camper vans.
Most of the victims were shot in the head, some multiple times, he added.
"He was certainly singling out the individuals that he shot," said Sheriff Demings.
The victims included Robert Snyder, 69, Brenda Montanez-Crespo, 44, Kevin Clark, 53, Jeffrey Roberts, 57, and another unidentified man.
Neumann reloaded his handgun at least once during the rampage, the sheriff said.
The gunman had told an employee whom he did not know to leave the premises, and left about seven other staff members uninjured.
Neumann - who lived alone in the area - killed himself as deputies were about to enter the warehouse, the sheriff said.
Authorities say he did not have a permit for the weapon.
He was honourably discharged from the army in 1999.
He had a history of misdemeanour criminal offences, such as possession of marijuana and driving under the influence.
Neumann attacked a member of staff in 2014, though no charges were filed, police said.
In a statement, Florida Governor Rick Scott condemned a "senseless act of violence".
"Over the past year, the Orlando community has been challenged like never before," he said.
The shooting came a week before the first anniversary of the Pulse nightclub shooting that left 49 people dead in Orlando.
In last June's attack, the deadliest mass shooting in modern US history, gunman Omar Mateen killed 49 people and injured dozens more at a gay nightclub before being shot dead by police.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: The day Giles Fuchs learned he had failed his A-levels, his family gathered around the dining table for dinner as normal.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article: Examples:
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His father didn't say a word during the meal, waiting until the plates had been cleared to turn to his son and say: "Giles, I hope you're good with your hands."
Hoping to prove his dad wrong despite the dismal results, the next day Mr Fuchs knocked on the door of the biggest estate agent chain in Northamptonshire to ask for a job.
"I'll be the best negotiator you've ever had," the teenager told the manager. "Can you start on Monday?" was his response.
Today a multi-millionaire 52-year-old, and co-founder and boss of UK serviced office business Office Space In Town (OSIT), Mr Fuchs says that the three years he spent working for that estate agency in the East Midlands gave him an invaluable grounding.
"It taught me how to interact with people - and how to sell," he says.
Ambitious to be his own boss, at the age of 21 Mr Fuchs opened his own firm of estate agents with a friend in 1987.
The business was a success, and numerous other profitable ventures followed, including a disaster recovery company, until in 2010 he decided to join forces with his sister Niki and launch OSIT.
Just seven years later OSIT enjoys annual revenues of more than £20m.
Now valued at £200m, it has six buildings in London, and a further four in other parts of the UK.
Serviced offices provide everything an entrepreneur or company needs to go into business. In addition to office space, they have internet access, desks, chairs, meeting rooms and even reception staff they can rely on.
The decision of Mr Fuchs and his sister to start OSIT was very much them following in the family tradition, as back in 1979 their mother had set up the first such businesses in the UK.
Niki had taken over the running of her mother's business, City Executive Centres, and Mr Fuchs joined her in the early 2000s, before the business was ultimately sold in 2005.
OSIT's first office opened in January 2011 in the Euston Tower in central London, using leased space.
However, a year later OSIT was able to start buying its own buildings, after joining forces with a property fund.
Mr Fuchs says this development was pivotal. "That turned us from being a serviced office manager, into a property company - and a successful one."
As the owner of its own buildings, OSIT has more freedom to design and fit them out to its own specifications.
To stand out from the crowd, its interiors are all designed to a different, and some might say - outlandish - theme, from board game Monopoly to Alice in Wonderland and the interior of a luxury yacht.
Mr Fuchs says this gives each building a unique "character and personality".
Owning its buildings, rather than leasing them, has also made it easier for OSIT to add extra facilities, such as hair salons, gyms, cafes, bars and hotel rooms.
It also means that OSIT can lower its fees in the event of an economic downturn, as well as reap the gains as the value of commercial property rises.
That's not to say that Mr Fuchs is expecting to cut charges any time soon. A firm advocate of Brexit, he believes the pain of leaving the European Union will prove to be "a storm in a teacup... the truth is, Britain is doing really well".
He adds that while the fall in the value of the pound has helped exporters, it has also made investing in the UK more attractive to foreign entities.
"There is a wall of money arriving in London at the moment," he says.
Last year a Chinese real estate asset manager called Kailong took a stake in OSIT for an undisclosed sum, and Mr Fuchs argues that the serviced office sector will continue to grow more appealing to investors.
Currently the serviced office sector accounts for 7% of the UK office market.
This is worth £16bn, according to a report last year by research group Capital Economics, which predicts that the UK industry will rise to just over £60bn by 2025.
Andrew Shepherd-Barron, a serviced office sector analyst at Peel Hunt, agrees that the sector is ripe for further expansion.
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He says that this growth is led by companies - both big and small - increasingly wanting the flexibility that serviced offices can offer, rather than being tied into long traditional office hire leases.
At OSIT while Mr Fuchs has the chief executive title, his sister is managing director.
He explains how they divide up the workload:  "Niki looks into the business, running the business operationally, day-to-day.
"I look out, raising finance, finding buildings, and creating strategy."
He adds that working with his sister is a "fabulous experience".
"I absolutely know she's got my back covered."
While Mr Fuchs may not have done well in his A-levels, he says that his dad is very pleased - not unsurprisingly - with what he has gone on to achieve.
"Both our parents are very proud [of both Niki and me]," he says.
"My mother started the [serviced offices] industry in the UK in 1979, in a tiny building in Northampton, and they are exceptionally pleased that we have picked up the baton and run with it."

Born to a Zimbabwean mother and a Scottish father, he was much-loved by his many aunts, uncles and cousins on both sides.
His death in the Tavistock Square bus explosion on 7 July 2005 was a huge loss to his many friends and large family, none more so than his parents.
"To his mother, he was simply the best son in the world," the inquest into his death heard.
To his father, Jamie was a best friend, the statement from his parents read.
Born on 19 December 1974 in south London to Pairose Bond and Glaswegian David Gordon, Jamie moved to Harare with his mother and sister when he was four.
His father visited several times as Jamie threw himself into school, scouting, horseriding and BMX.
More than a decade later, he returned to Britain to finish his education at Eaglesfield secondary school in Shooters Hill, south London.
Out of school, he joined the scouts and formed a band with friends, playing guitar and singing at several gigs.
At the inquest, his parents told of Jamie's changing face.
He went from "the exuberant child who seemed to fear nothing, to the long-haired, rock star teenager, all hair, nail varnish, black mascara and guitars, to the mature, but still quirky young man", they said.
In the words of his father, Jamie "wanted to be a rock star, but fell into financial administration".
But it was only after some fun in Ibiza that, in 1997, he put on a suit and moved into the City. That same year, Jamie's older half-brother, David, died of a brain haemorrhage.
For several years Jamie worked in finance in Old Street, east London.
It was a job that he normally reached by taking an overground train from Enfield in north London, where he lived with his fiancee Yvonne Nash, to Liverpool Street, before walking the final three-quarters of a mile to his office.
But on the night before the London attacks, Mr Gordon, 30, had stayed at a friend's house after a leaving party. His route to work the next morning led him to take the number 30 bus that exploded in Tavistock Square.
At his side for seven years was his devoted girlfriend, who had, six months before his death, become his fiancee.
"It sounds very cliched, but he was my soulmate, my best friend," Ms Nash said in the wake of the attacks.
"We complemented each other. I took a back seat and was the organiser, while he was just happy to entertain everyone."
At the inquest, his parents said: "Jamie was a funny, tolerant and charming young man who could be irritatingly late, but rarely ever shortchanged any of us.
"His loyalty and humour saw him through many tight spots and his continual growth made it easier for us to accept the changing world we lived in.
"The essence of Jamie left an indelible mark on all who met him and, to this day, on the important dates, both friends and family gather to remember him."


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Former Aston Villa striker Stan Collymore says young footballers are "milked like a cow" and are not given enough help off the pitch.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Collymore, 45, wrote an open letter to Villa midfielder Jack Grealish this week after Grealish was reportedly involved in an all-night party.
Collymore told BBC Radio 5 live: "I am concerned. Where are the mentors? Where are the people in the dressing rooms?
"Footballers are produce, there to be milked like a cow."
"When they are surplus to requirements they are dispensed with," he added.
Collymore called his £7m move to boyhood club Villa in 1997 "a disaster" in his open letter, and highlighted some of the issues facing many young footballers.
He told 5 live: "What happens with younger players, and I have seen it at various clubs, is that they are a target. A magnet. People want to get into places on the back of them, want to sell them stuff, want them to supply a lifestyle.
"These young players have a lot of disposable income and they end up paying for holidays, paying for trips, weekends away. I've seen it, lived it, breathed it.
"It's very difficult when you have 20 or 30 people around you saying nice things, being nice to you, to look at the motives of every single person around.
"What Jack needs to do is be like Michael Owen when he broke on to the scene. Do the boring stuff, have a game of snooker, have a cup of coffee, play a computer game - become boring.
"If you go down the other route then you get a reputation and it becomes very difficult to be a professional footballer."
Grealish, 21, is currently the subject of an internal investigation by Aston Villa, whose new owner Tony Xia contacted Grealish directly via the social media platform Twitter on Wednesday, saying: "As I said before, focus every minute, on and off the pitch, choose the right people to be with."
Players' union the Professional Footballers' Association is just one of the organisations able to offer support to players, but Collymore - who retired at the age of 30 - thinks senior players in the dressing room should take more responsibility.
"Some players would say it's not their responsibility to mentor or babysit," he said.
"But with young players and young people, it's the responsibility of players and former players to get involved.
"These are not only famous footballers but impressionable young people."

He is a director of football whose heart is still out on the pitch, and he casts his mind back almost three decades to the opportunity he was given when he first set foot in the club as a new boy plucked from non-league.
He chuckles as he recalls telling the QPR manager in 1987, Jim Smith, that he couldn't join straight away as he had to work his month's notice as a van driver.
"I remember there were some guys who were just about to be released," Ferdinand, 48, recalls.
"They were saying, 'do you know, I might go and play non-league football. Two nights' work and still get paid £150 a week for playing'.
"I said: 'Are you guys mad? Are you seriously saying that? You have got to try your nuts off to stay in football! You don't believe what you have got'."
The former England striker is a man with a stock of stories to tell about the precarious business of opportunities in the game: how they come about, how they can so easily slip through a player's fingers, how they can be nurtured - and seized.
Reflecting on his own playing career and coaching experience, his is a voice worth listening to carefully at a time when Football Association chairman Greg Dyke is trumpeting ideas to find a host of English players like Harry Kane.
Ah, Harry Kane. Having watched Kane and his Tottenham team-mates Ryan Mason and Andros Townsend celebrating together for England in Turin during the week, Ferdinand argues that the line between that happy picture and talent drifting unharnessed in the modern game could not be thinner.
Kane, Mason and Townsend came through the development squad together at Spurs under the tutelage of Ferdinand, current QPR manager Chris Ramsey and Aston Villa boss Tim Sherwood.
"But I guarantee you now, had Tim, Chris and myself not taken over the first team, nobody would be talking about Kane, Mason and Townsend. Because we gave them the opportunity to play," stresses Ferdinand.
"They would not be playing at Tottenham otherwise. Andros went out on nine loans. Harry had four loans. Mason had five loans. They were no nearer the first team when they came back than when they went out on loan. It was only that we had been working with them and we knew we could put them in the first team and trust them.
"The average lifespan at any club for managers now is 11-12 months maximum. They haven't got time to think about player development."
For all the talk of quotas to clear the pathway for youngsters, as far as Ferdinand is concerned there is a much more immediate problem for players getting stuck in the system. It's that critical age between 16 and 21 that Arsene Wenger pinpointed this week.
"That's the heart of the problem," said the Arsenal manager. "Let's get better at that level, then if there is a problem integrating those players in the top teams, we have to do something about it. Today you have to be very brave to integrate the young players because the pressure is very high."
That sentiment strikes a chord with Ferdinand. He understands why managers are loath to take a risk on a young player. But the system, he reckons, makes it extra difficult to take those risks. Why? Because youngsters at the top clubs are starved of competitive football at the highest level.
The under-21 league, introduced by the Premier League as part of their Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP) in place of old-style reserve-team football, is far too sterile for his liking. Ferdinand would scrap it in a heartbeat.
"It's not competitive enough," he says. "Look at our squad. For the previous manager here [Harry Redknapp] if there was a problem in the first team he wasn't looking at the under 21s. He would rather go and take someone on loan who he knows has played competitive football against seasoned pros.
"That's what 99% of managers in the Premier League would do. They don't see the under-21 squad as being competitive enough, which is why these boys are not coming through."
Ferdinand recalls his early days as a QPR player whisked out of non-league football.
"My first reserve game we had Clive Walker, Sammy Lee... all these experienced professional players. We played Southampton and they had Jimmy Case playing." His expression reveals that was an early lesson to the physical demands required. "I am not going to get better experience than that. I am certainly not going to get it in the under-21s.
"These people helped you, they guided you through your football. In the under-21s if you have another kid telling you to push in here or there, they are not quite sure what they are doing.
"The other thing that happened is if you didn't play on Saturday you knew you were playing on Tuesday in the reserves, it didn't matter how big a player you were. And they didn't have the hump because it wasn't seen as a punishment. It was about keeping yourself fit to play football.
"Nowadays the senior players in the under-21 development games see it is a punishment. They don't want to play. So they end up not running around as they should do.
"Because I worked in under-21 football I understand that these players need to be given an opportunity. Otherwise you just have a creche. It is a bit messed up. They have to look at the whole picture."
Given the complicated mix of stifled opportunity plus a generous salary - and all that at a sensitive age in between the teens and being a young adult - it doesn't seem to be the most productive environment.
Intriguingly, when Ferdinand looks at his own chance as a young player, he admits he found it difficult to get his head around what was happening - and that was without agents in his ear and megabucks in his pocket.
One day he was at Southall and Hayes, training twice a week after work and playing on the weekend. The next he was in the professional game.
"Instead of doing it for fun, suddenly it was my job. I struggled with that for a while," Ferdinand says. "I needed to change my lifestyle and I didn't. I was a young kid from a council estate and was still running around with the guys I had been running around with before I joined QPR. It all happened very quickly.
"It took a while to adjust to the life of being a professional footballer. The truth is I probably didn't adjust to it until I went to Turkey, to Besiktas on loan in 1988.
"It was amazing not only as a football lesson but as a life lesson. I was on my own, the first British player to go to Turkey, in this environment I totally didn't know about. But I needed to do it.
"I realised I did want to be a professional footballer and I needed to get away from distractions and concentrate 100% on football. That's what Turkey allowed me to do. It was the making of me as a footballer. I feel that was me serving my apprenticeship."
Ferdinand is a big believer in loans as long as the player himself is in the right mindset.
"People often go on loan and think, 'I'm here for a month. If it doesn't go that well it doesn't matter I'll go back to QPR or Arsenal or Tottenham or wherever. I don't really want to be here anyway…'"
But players need to believe that loan will actually lead somewhere, rather than feeling they are just farmed out.
The 22-year-old Ferdinand returned to QPR from Besiktas in 1989 - having scored 19 goals in 30 games - and never looked back. He was one of a generation that also included Ian Wright and Stuart Pearce that made the full journey from non-league to an England shirt.
The current crop of Premier League players who have their their roots in non-league - the likes of QPR's Charlie Austin, Burnley's Danny Ings, Dwight Gayle of Crystal Palace, Liverpool's Rickie Lambert and Jamie Vardy of Leicester - prove that the EPPP is not the only way to mould top level players.
"Coming in here to work every day is much better than getting up at 6am, working all day, having to jump on two trains and two buses to get to training," Ferdinand adds. "The boys that come out of non-league appreciate what they have."
That's another big part of the development issue - today's youngsters in the academy system are so well looked after their hunger can be eroded.
"That's a conversation that has been going on for many, many years," says Ferdinand. "How do we change the mindset of boys that have been brought up in the system because they believe this is life? It is their life. It is what they have got used to. So it's very difficult to tell them about another way when that is all they have seen.
"I know at all clubs education has become a major part of what they do. But it doesn't really give you the life experience. Maybe sending them out to work for a few months, to get up at six in the morning or maybe even earlier to go and do a day's work, might help them to appreciate what they have got."
Ferdinand laughs at such old-fashioned idealism in the middle of modern, £5bn industry. But it is an interesting idea.
Anything and everything needs to be taken into consideration in the hunt for the next batch of Harry Kanes.


Question: represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: A man has been charged after a car crashed into a tree killing three people in Warwickshire.

Nathan Rhodes, 23, Ryan Case, 25, and Emily Jennings, 27, died after the car they were in crashed near Willes Road, in Leamington Spa on 20 June.
Jamie Riddick, 21, from Kenilworth, was charged with three counts of causing death by careless driving whilst under the influence of alcohol.
He will appear at Leamington Magistrates' Court on 7 October.
Mr Riddick has been released on bail.
Correction 9 September 2015: This story has been amended to make clear that Mr Riddick has been charged with causing death by careless driving and not causing death by dangerous driving.

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Homeowner Clive Hunter told the Bath Chronicle, his wife Jane was sitting "right next to the window" when the car crashed through "inches away".
The BMW 320 hit the house on Southlands, at the bottom of Lansdown Lane, just after 23:40 BST on Thursday.
The male driver of the car escaped serious injury and no-one in the house was hurt, police said.
The crash comes just months after a tipper truck crashed further up Lansdown Lane, leaving four people dead, including a four-year-old girl.