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Question: On the congested streets of downtown Cairo, hundreds of cars jostle for position at the junctions around Tahrir Square.

As the rush hour reaches its peak, traffic grinds to a halt and a chorus of car horns rises from the increasingly irate drivers.
"This is the soundtrack of Cairo," says Tino Waked, general manager of Uber in Egypt, above the din.
He is standing outside Uber's Cairo office, which opened a little over two years ago.
Along the pavement dozens of local men, mostly young and dressed in leather jackets and jeans, are waiting to sign on as Uber drivers.
The ride-sharing giant may have been born thousands of miles away in San Francisco, but it's in fast-growing cities like Cairo that it is now booming.
Egypt is currently one of Uber's fastest growing markets in the world.
There are more than 40,000 Egyptian drivers working on the platform every month, the company says, and new drivers are joining up at the rate of 2,000 a week.
Among them is Mohamed, a man in his twenties waiting patiently in the queue.
He says he used to be employed as a driver at a local tour company. But with the collapse in the tourism industry following the Arab Spring, he's now looking for a new source of income.
He has heard good things about the company from friends who are already drivers, he says, and hopes he can "make a million pounds, God willing".
Tino Waked says it is this urgent need for jobs that's helping make Uber such a success in Egypt.
"What's very different in Egypt compared to anywhere else is the economic opportunity that Uber provides to drivers," he says.
"Forty per cent of our drivers were unemployed before joining Uber. So it's an additional source of income, especially given the difficult period the country is going through."
Egypt's economy has been in the doldrums since the economic shock of the revolution in 2011 and the political instability that followed.
The youth unemployment rate stands at more than 30%. Foreign investment and earnings from tourism have dried up.
Egypt's already-large population is expanding rapidly, and economic growth is not keeping pace.
Things got even worse for many Egyptians last year when the government floated the currency as part of a package of economic reforms, meaning the prices of many basic goods doubled overnight.
In this difficult economic climate, gig economy employers like Uber have been seen as a welcome provider of quick and accessible jobs.
Uber's expansion into developing markets comes as it faces a string of controversies elsewhere.
In February, chief executive Travis Kalanick was filmed arguing with one Uber driver over the company's fare structure, while it has faced a string of court cases over its workers' rights.
There have been allegations of sexual harassment, and accidents in testing its self-driving cars. A campaign last year urged customers to delete their Uber app after the company appeared to take advantage of a New York cab drivers' strike.
But Uber's rapid roll-out in Egypt and the huge influx of new drivers has not been without problems either.
As in other markets in Africa and Asia, the company has been forced to accept cash payments in Egypt to accommodate the majority without access to a credit or debit card.
Just 35% of Egyptians have access to a credit card, according to Mastercard, and more than 90% of all financial transactions are in cash.
Another problem is that many Egyptian drivers are unfamiliar with the technology that has made Uber so successful elsewhere.
Customers have complained that drivers don't know how to read online maps.
One Cairo resident complained that an Uber driver who was asked to take her to the airport had no idea where it was or how to get there.
"One of the biggest differences is that we spend a lot of time educating the drivers on how to use the app, how to use the technology," admits Tino Waked. "A lot of people have not used a smartphone before."
Meanwhile, traditional taxi drivers who have not migrated to Uber or successful rival ride-sharing apps like regional competitor Careem have been up in arms, staging protests in Cairo's streets over Uber's subsidised fares, and accusing the company of stealing their livelihoods in tough economic times.
But Tino Waked is optimistic that Uber's success in Egypt and other markets will continue for as long as there is a demand for jobs and an alternative to braving the notorious Cairo traffic.
"I hate driving, specifically in Cairo," he says. "I sold my car six months ago, and I have no regrets."
Listen to Business Daily's special programme on Uber on the BBC World Service

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A woman shows her political allegiance at the national congress of Zimbabwe's ruling Zanu-PF party in the capital, Harare, on Saturday. More than 10,000 delegates re-elected President Robert Mugabe, 90, as party leader while his wife Grace was chosen to head the women's wing.
Nigerian leader Goodluck Jonathan's image is printed on the clothes of delegates at the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) presidential primary elections at Eagle Square in the capital, Abuja, on Wednesday.  Mr Jonathan, 57, was endorsed as the party's candidate in next year's presidential election...
The next day, a woman kisses a photo of ex-military ruler Muhammadu Buhari in the main city, Lagos. Mr Buhari has been chosen as the presidential candidate of the opposition All Progressives Congress (APC). Mr Jonathan beat the 71-year-old former general in the 2011 election.
On Friday, models present creations by Zimbabwean designer Sabina Mutsvati at the Swahili Fashion Week in Tanzania's main city Dar es Salaam. Twenty-four designers showcased their work at the event.
A supporter of Moroccan football champions Moghreb Tetouan is disappointed on Wednesday after his team's defeat at the hands of Auckland City in a match played in Rabat, as part of the 2014 Fifa Club World Cup. The Oceania club champions won 4-3 on penalties.
Girls from the Pokot ethnic group take part in an initiation ceremony in Kenya's Rift Valley on Saturday to mark their passage into womanhood.  The girls sing and stay standing from the afternoon until the morning and remain out of the sight of men.
A member of the Egyptian parkour group, EGY PK, practises a jump in front of the Pyramid of Khufu, the largest of the Great Pyramids of Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo on Tuesday. EGY PK, one of the first parkour groups in Egypt, is training for performances, aimed at tourists, during the Christmas season...
A day later, an ostrich is fed at the Giza zoo in Cairo. Khedive Ismail, Egypt's ruler from 1863-1879, built the zoo and planned the opening to coincide with the inauguration of the Suez Canal in 1869 but missed the deadline. The zoo officially opened only in 1891, covering an area of 80 acres.
A view over the village of Portela being covered by a lava flow on the Cape Verde island of Fogo on Sunday.  Hundreds of residents were evacuated from the village as the volcano erupted on the island for the first time in 19 years.
And in this photo people are seen crossing the Dawa river near Kenya's north-eastern town of Mandera. Militant Islamist group al-Shabab recently killed 64 people in two attacks in the region, forcing many non-Muslims to flee.


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Question: Hamilton Accies manager Martin Canning is braced for the departure of star player Ali Crawford but hopes it won't come before the end of the season.

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Crawford has scored seven of his side's 18 league goals this term, including three goals in his last four matches.
"He is such an important player for us," Canning told BBC Scotland.
But the manager acknowledges he could lose the midfielder in the January transfer window "if the right thing comes up for Ali and for the club".
After scoring the opener in Saturday's draw at Inverness, 25-year-old Crawford spoke of his belief that he had earned a move and Canning agrees.
"The size of club we are, if someone comes through the academy and does well for us and gets the opportunity to move onto a level that we can't say no to the kid for, that's just part of football," he continued.
"But if we can keep him in January and he moves in the summer it would be great for him and if the club can bring another kid through the academy and put him in the first team and to a higher level, it would be good for the club as well."
Inevitably, any talented youngster coming through Accies' academy draws comparisons with its most successful graduates - James McCarthy and James McArthur.
Canning played with both and believes Crawford is capable of scaling similar heights to the pair who are now established English Premier League players.
"At any moment in any game he can either find a pass or a strike, a free kick or delivery from a set-piece that can change or win a game, so he's definitely got all the attributes you'd need to play at a higher level," said Canning.
Crawford will certainly be around for the next three weeks, during which time Accies play Celtic twice, host Rangers and visit Aberdeen before a home derby against Motherwell on New Year's Eve.
Accies go into that tricky sequence of games in eighth place, two points behind sixth place Kilmarnock and two points ahead of the bottom side Partick Thistle.
Canning admits he would be content to be in a similar position going into the Hogmanay fixture.
"I think that's what I'd expect to happen given the fact it's not only us who have a difficult run of fixtures," he said. "It's a case of trying to pick up points where you can.
"We've beaten Aberdeen here - a game not many people would have thought we'd have won. We're capable of picking up points in these difficult games."
But the manager says he hasn't set his players any specific points targets before the winter break.
"It's something we don't do," he explained. "I think we've just got to take every game as it comes and work as hard as we can over the 90 minutes.
"It's a difficult run but we've all got to play these teams. For us it's about making sure we go and compete in every game."

Irvine spent three seasons with St Johnstone before a move to Dens Park in 2010 but he has only featured in seven games this campaign.
He has agreed a deal until the end of the season, with the option of another year.
Left midfielder Alex Cooper has also joined the Buddies after securing an exit from Falkirk.
The 24-year-old has signed on until May and both of the new arrivals will be in the squad for Saturday's Championship home fixture with Alloa.
Meanwhile, midfielder Lewis McLear, 19, has joined Stirling Albion on loan until the end of the season.


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Question: Padraig Harrington held off a final-day charge from Webb Simpson to clinch the PGA Grand Slam of Golf in Bermuda at his third attempt.

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Five under-par overnight, the Dubliner birdied the 11th, 12th and 13th and, despite a bogey on the last, was still able to take the £375,000 prize.
The Grand Slam features the winners of the season's four majors.
Harrington was a late replacement for Open winner Ernie Els, who withdrew from the event with an ankle injury.
Padraig Harrington joins 1991 champion Ian Woosnam as the only two European winners of the Grand Slam title.
World number one Rory McIlroy was also absent, preferring to defend the BMW Masters title in Shanghai, and being replaced by Keegan Bradley.
Last year's winner Bradley finished tied third with Masters champion Bubba Watson at Port Royal, and it was left to US Open winner Simpson to lead the American charge.
His six-under 65, the best round from any player at Bermuda, kept Harrington under pressure to the end, but the three-time major winner held on to take the win.
Success in the Grand Slam is Harrington's first on the tour since 2010.
He had participated unsuccessfully at Bermuda twice before, losing to Angel Cabrera in 2007 and the following year to Jim Furyk.

He finished on two under par to win by two strokes at Palm Beach Gardens.
Rory McIlroy, who won the main Honda Classic in 2012, sent a message on Twitter, saying: "Well done Tom. Great to see all your hard work paying off."
In August, McKibbin from Newtownabbey won the World Kids Championship at Pinehust, North Carolina.


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Question: World number one Lydia Ko shot a course record round to move three shots clear after day two of the CME Group Tour Championship in Florida, as England's Charley Hull dropped off the pace.

New Zealander Ko hit 11 birdies and a bogey for a stunning 10-under-par 62.
Hull, meanwhile, started the day one shot off the lead but the 20-year-old is in a share of sixth, five behind Ko, after a two-under-par 70.
Scotland's Catriona Matthew is 10 shots off the pace after a one-under 71.
"Going into today I just wanted to focus on my game," said Ko.
"Obviously it's a great round and I'm in a better position than I ever could have imagined. Over the weekend I just have to focus on me."

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The 23-year-old carded a final-round five-under-par 67 to finish on 11 under at the Trump National in New Jersey.
Compatriot Choi Hye-Jin was two strokes behind in second, while China's Shanshan Feng, who held a one-shot lead overnight, went round in 75 to finish tied for fourth, five strokes adrift.
A South Korean has won the US Open seven times in the past 10 years.
Park told Fox Sports: "I did not have the best first and second rounds so I wanted to believe in myself in the remaining rounds. Trusting myself definitely helped."
England's Charley Hull finished 11 strokes behind Park on level par, with Scotland's Catriona Matthew a further six shots back.


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Question: Allowing motorists to drive on the hard shoulder of the M1 motorway permanently will cause "a serious accident", a high-ranking police officer has said.

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Chief Constable David Crompton, of South Yorkshire Police, said motorway users and the emergency services would be endangered by the new arrangements.
Changes are planned between junctions 32 and 3 in South Yorkshire.
Robert Goodwill, roads minister, said the plan would "boost the local economy and maintain or improve road safety".
Under the scheme the motorway's hard shoulder would be converted to a permanent traffic lane. Similar schemes on other motorways operate only during particular times of heavy traffic.
Mr Crompton said he had sent a letter outlining his concerns to Mr Goodwill.
"At some point we believe these arrangements... will be a contributory factor in a serious accident or even someone dying", he added.
Mr Crompton said under the scheme the emergency services could take longer to get to the scene of a crash and "the hard shoulder is there for a very good reason".
Mr Goodwill said: "Existing smart motorway schemes have not only improved reliability and eased congestion, but have also improved safety - findings from the M42 pilot scheme showed that accidents more than halved with no fatal accidents in five years.
"After meeting with Meg Munn [Sheffield Heeley MP] and local police we are looking at ways we can further enhance safety, but the chief constable should carefully look at the evidence from existing smart motorway sections, which are already saving lives."
The chief constable said the M1 scheme was not the same as one already in place on the M42 near Birmingham.
"What is proposed here has a lot less control of driver behaviour and it is much harder to regulate the flow of traffic."
The section between Junction 32 (M18) and Junction 35 (A616) carries more than 110,000 vehicles each day and suffers from congestion and delay at peak times, according to the Highways Agency.
Construction is planned to start before 2015.
The agency said the M1 scheme would deliver benefits "at a significantly lower cost than conventional motorway widening".
The cost of the scheme is estimated to be up to Â£133m, it said.
Ms Munn had previously described the plan as "a cheap way to widen the motorway".

About 32 miles (51km) between London and Theale, Berkshire, would be widened in both directions to four lanes, using the hard shoulder.
Some motorists and the RAC have said the lack of a hard shoulder would leave motorists in a vulnerable position if there was a breakdown.
The Highways Agency said there would be refuges for broken down vehicles.
Senior project manager Andrew Hitch said converting the hard shoulder into a lane would also discourage motorists from stopping for non-emergencies, such as to answer their phones.
Smart motorways also use a range of new technology, including electronic signs, to vary speed limits in response to driving conditions.
They are managed and monitored by the Highways Agency's regional control centres using CCTV.
Steve Bowles, who regularly uses the M4 for his haulage business, described the lack of a hard shoulder as "scary".
"I want to deliver the cargo safely. I don't want to deliver it in a dangerous way on a dangerous motorway," he said.
Simon Williams, of the RAC, said the permanent use of the hard shoulder as a running lane would put lives at risk.
"The chances of being able to get into a refuge area are reduced because of the spacing between them, which is up to 2.5km," he said.
Similar schemes already operate on stretches of the M25 and M1.
The proposals, which went on public display earlier at Reading's Madejski Stadium, include upgrading or replacing 11 overbridges and five underbridges as part of the Â£700m project.


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Question: The first same-sex weddings have taken place in New Zealand after the country became the first in the Asia-Pacific region and 14th in the world to legalise same-sex marriage.

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Thirty-one same-sex couples had been due to marry on Monday, according to the Department of Internal Affairs.
It comes after New Zealand's parliament passed a bill in April amending the country's 1955 marriage act.
The move had faced opposition from Christian lobby groups.
Conservative lobby group Family First said changing the Marriage Act was "an arrogant act of cultural vandalism" which did not have a public mandate.
But the Campaign for Marriage Equality said it ended a historical injustice.
Among the first couples tying the knot were Auckland couple Tash Vitali and Melissa Ray, who won an all expenses paid ceremony in a radio competition.
"The world is still a dangerous and even deadly place for gay, bisexual and transgender people," Reverend Matt Tittle said, according to stuff.co.nz.
"We thank God that's not true in New Zealand.
"All love is holy."
Another couple, Lynley Bendall and Ally Wanikau, made their vows in their air on a special flight between Queenstown and Auckland - in a ceremony attended by US actor Jesse Tyler Ferguson from the sitcom Modern Family.
Same-sex couples from other countries are also expected to wed.
About 1,000 same-sex couples in Australia planned to travel to the neighbouring country to marry, according to the Australian Marriage Equality lobby group.
The first Australian couple to do so was expected to be Paul McCarthy and Trent Kandler, who beat 300 other pairs to win a Tourism New Zealand competition.
Their wedding will not be legally recognised in their home country, but Mr McCarthy told AFP news agency the move was "both historically significant, and an important step in our personal lives".
The law change has angered some religious leaders, with the Anglican Church asking its ministers not to conduct the weddings pending a report to its general synod next year.
Catholic bishops have opposed the weddings outright while other denominations have been split.
New Zealand's MPs approved the bill by a large majority in April this year, with 77 votes in favour and 44 against.
The public gallery erupted broke into song after the announcement that the change had been passed, with a rendition of the traditional Maori love song, Pokarekare Ana.

The Marriage and Civil Partnership Act is based on the same legal framework introduced in England two years ago.
It enables same-sex couples to marry in a civil ceremony or, subject to agreement, in a religious celebration.
Manx civil partnerships have been allowed since 2011 - the new legislation comes into effect on Friday.
Chief Minister Allan Bell described the move - which was backed by Tynwald in April - as an "historic moment" for the island.
"Recognition of marriage for same-sex couples shows just how far the island has travelled over the past 30 years," he said.
Homosexuality was only decriminalised on the Isle of Man in 1992 - a quarter of a century later than in England and Wales.
It is thought the island's first same-sex marriage is due to take place at the end of July.


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Question: North and South Korea gymnasts at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games have shown the world a brief moment of unity, in the form of a selfie.

Lee Eun-ju of South Korea and Hong Un-jong of the North took a quick smiling snapshot during the training period before the start of the Games.
The pictures of the two women have been widely praised as capturing the Olympic spirit.
North and South Korea are technically still at war with each other.
And relations between the two have been more tense in recent months, with recent missile launches from Pyongyang.
"This is why we do the Olympics," tweeted political scientist Ian Bremmer. His tweet was retweeted more than 18,000 times.
"Sports brings everyone together," said another user on Twitter.
Others hailed it as the "most iconic photo" of the games.
Some users however, took a more cynical point of view.
"Is she allowed to fraternise with the enemy?" was one such question asked, while others questioned whether Hong might face punishment on her return home.
Lee, 17, and 27-year-old Hong both competed as individual qualifiers, with the games in Brazil being Lee's first Olympics.
Hong became North Korea's first gymnast to win a medal at the Olympic Games when she took home the gold in vault in the 2008 Beijing Olympics.
Many users were quick to point out the contrasting attitudes portrayed by the South and North Korean athlete in comparison to the Lebanese Olympic Team, who allegedly refused to ride on the same bus with Israeli athletes.
According to Udi Gal, a member of Israel's Olympic sailing team, the organisers intervened and the two teams travelled separately to "prevent an international and physical incident", he said in a post on Facebook.
"How could they let this happen on the eve of the Olympic Games? Isn't this the opposite of what the Olympics represents?" he added.
Lebanon and Israel are officially at war and have no diplomatic relations.
However, they weren't the only two countries to get off to a rocky start.
Chinese authorities clashed with Australian Olympic gold medallist Mack Horton, after he called Chinese defending champion Sun Yang a "drug cheat".
"We think his inappropriate words greatly hurt the feelings between Chinese and Australian swimmers," said China's swimming team manager Xu Qi to Chinese news outlet Xinhua. "We strongly demand an apology."
Users on social media also quickly flooded Horton's social media with angry comments.
"Horton is a loser because of his bad behaviour. Maybe he won gold in the game but he will never win in life," said one person on Twitter.

A few eyebrows were raised, but Wiggins is not the first athlete whose podium exploits have made headlines. Here are some other common reactions...
American gymnast Gabby Douglas had just won gold in the team event, but as her four team-mates stood to attention, their hands on their hearts to greet the Star Spangled Banner, the 20-year-old had her hands by her side, looking dejected. She was accused of being unpatriotic, others thought she was protesting, but she later explained she was overwhelmed by the occasion.
Swimmer Michael Phelps had just won his 20th Olympic gold medal with victory in the 200m butterfly when he burst into hysterics during the American national anthem.
Apparently his friends, watching from the seats, had brought a Baltimore Orioles baseball tradition to Rio, chanting "Oooooooh" for the line "Oh say does that Star-Spangled Banner yet wave."
Sir Chris Hoy was a blubbering mess after winning gold in the keirin at London 2012. It was a record sixth Olympic gold for the track cyclist, and his last act as an Olympian.
British decathlete Daley Thompson had won gold at the 1984 Los Angeles Games when he began whistling to 'God Save The Queen' after receiving his medal.
South Korean gold medallist Jin Jong-oh shook hands with bronze medallist and North Korean Kim Song-guk following the 50m pistol event. Despite the political differences of the neighbouring countries, the gesture showed the true Olympic spirit in action.
Fiji won their first Olympic medal in the rugby sevens by beating Great Britain in the final.
As they stood on the podium and received their medals from Princess Anne, one player dropped to his knees in a sign of respect and was praised by people on social media.
Mo Farah and his 'Mobot' was one of the defining images of London 2012, and he made sure he did his signature gesture during the medal ceremony for the 5,000m.
Swede Ara Abrahamian placed his bronze medal at the centre of the competition mat in protest of the result in the men's Greco-Roman -84kg wrestling during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
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Question: A formerly secret World War II and Cold War naval communications centre in Powys has been branded a blot on the landscape after years of vandalism.

The Criggion radio station near Welshpool shut a decade ago but since then has been "abandoned and left to rot", claims a local councillor.
Graham Brown said its buildings were the target of thieves and windows had been smashed.
Owner BT is reviewing the site's future and says it will clear the rubbish.
For 60 years the Criggion station and its three 700ft (210m) radio masts and three 600ft (180m) towers were a part of the scenery near Welshpool on the Powys/Shropshire border.
Built during WWII, it was used to keep the Admiralty in contact with Royal Navy ships around the world.
When the war ended the site became a signal relay station for nuclear submarines during the Cold War,  as well as for overseas telephone communications.
It closed in 2003 and the masts were demolished, but the 10 or so buildings soon became a target for thieves and vandals, said Mr Brown, a local Powys county councillor.
Mr Brown said: "BT has made promises before to clear the rubbish. They do something in the short term but then the site gets back into a bad state again.
"The buildings have been boarded up but the timber around the doorways has been removed and anyone can get in.
"Glass has been smashed and is all over the floor inside and thieves have taken all the wiring and anything else of note inside the buildings."
Mr Brown said beer cans also littered the buildings inside and out.
They are in the shadow of Rodney's Pillar, a monument erected in 1782 on the summit of the nearby Breidden hill.
"The area is popular with walkers heading for Rodney's Pillar, but the buildings are a blot on the landscape," added Mr Brown, who is also the Powys council cabinet member responsible for regeneration and planning.
"There's a quarry nearby but that's a working environment - the old Criggion station has been abandoned and left to rot and decay."
A spokesman for BT said: "BT is considering its position as leaseholder of this site and the site's future is currently under review.
"We will visit the site in the coming weeks to remove any rubbish that may have been dropped there. "

The Historic Environment (Wales) Bill gives local authorities powers to make owners carry out repairs if they damage monuments.
Battlefields, prehistoric settlements and place names will also be recorded.
It follows concern that out of 119 cases of damage to sites between 2006 and 2012 only one resulted in a successful prosecution.
The new law will make it more difficult for people to claim ignorance of a monument's status or location.
Authorities will be allowed to take urgent action to stop unauthorised work on sites, and there will be measures to prevent historic buildings from falling into disrepair.
Historic environment records - including place names - will also be put on a statutory footing in a UK first for Wales.
Justin Albert, National Trust director for Wales, said: "Sustaining and enhancing our historic environment will undoubtedly show the world what a proud, caring and forward-thinking country we are - a country that people will be eager to visit and share with us."
In 2013, a stretch of the 1,200-year-old Offa's Dyke, on privately owned land between Chirk and Llangollen, was found flattened.
But police said there was insufficient evidence to bring charges over damage to the ancient earthwork, which was built in the 8th Century as a boundary between King Offa's domain and Wales.


Question: A 52-year-old man has appeared in court charged with killing two women in the same town, five years apart.

Robert Trigg is accused of murdering girlfriend Susan Nicholson, 52, at a property in Rowlands Road, Worthing, West Sussex, on 16 April 2011.
He has also been charged with the manslaughter of Caroline Devlin, 35, who was found dead in bed in Cranworth Road, Worthing, on 26 March 2006.
Mr Trigg, of Park Crescent, Worthing, is next due in court in January.
He was remanded in custody after appearing first via video-link at Hastings Magistrates' Court and then at Guildford Crown Court.
No pleas were entered to the two charges. He will appear at Lewes Crown Court on 20 January.

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Police say the death is not being treated as suspicious.
It has emerged she sent a Valentine's message on Facebook to her five children less than an hour before she was discovered in the town.
Ms Williams' body was found on Sunday night in a shelter at Newry Beach.


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Question: Former Rangers midfielder Derek Ferguson reckons being a supporter of the Ibrox club would not stop Scott Allan from succeeding at Celtic.

The Parkhead side have agreed a fee with Hibernian for midfielder Allan, who is a boyhood Rangers fan.
BBC Scotland has learned that Allan would consider joining the Premiership champions.
"He just looks to me a guy that could probably handle that type of situation," said Ferguson.
"He's a class act in my opinion. If he went to Celtic, I think his performance level would go up a notch.  He's got a bit of gallous-ness about him; a swagger.
"What I would say is that if a big club like Celtic comes calling, I think it's a no-brainer. You've got to take that opportunity because getting the opportunity to sign, whether it's a Rangers or Celtic - one of the bigger clubs - you don't knock it back."
Rangers have had three bids for the 23-year-old rejected, with the Edinburgh side adamant they will not do business with a Championship rival. Allan submitted a transfer request following the second of those offers from Ibrox.
Ferguson spent seven years at Rangers between 1983 and 1990 and admitted he could not have made the switch to city rivals Celtic, but recalled the time when one former Celtic player famously joined the Ibrox club.
"In the era I played in, personally, no," he told BBC Radio Scotland's Sportsound programme.
"I think it would take a certain type of character. I was at Rangers when Mo Johnston signed. I thought he was crazy. I think Mo was one of the guys that could handle that situation.
"It was amazing because I remember the times when season tickets and scarves were thrown onto the pitch. The Rangers fans would not turn up and watch Rangers Football Club, but when Mo Johnston started banging in the goals, those empty seats started to fill up.
"It's about what you do on the park at the end of the day."
Someone who has witnessed first-hand what Allan can produce on the pitch is former Hibs captain Liam Craig, who played with the ex-West Brom man at Easter Road during the 2014-15 season.
Craig believes Allan has the "character" to go onto great things at Parkhead if the transfer materialises.
"Could he go and play in Celtic's team? I think he could," he told BBC Radio Scotland
"I think Hibs are right not to do business with Rangers. They know how important Scott is to them and how close it's going to be between them and Rangers this season.
"Probably what Hibs don't want is, come January, when there's six months left on his contract, he goes and signs a pre-contract with Rangers. Then do you play him? Can you trust him?
"So if there is the opportunity there to do business with Celtic and bring in one, maybe two players from them on loan, you're going to strengthen your squad and have a right push for the title this season.
"If Scotty was to go there, it might take him a wee bit time to get in but once he gets in he's definitely got the ability to and the confidence to stay in that team every week."

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There are problems to be addressed elsewhere in the team. Harry Forrester's arrival from the bench, and the cut and thrust which carved out the Ibrox equaliser, exposed some of the ponderous play earlier in the game which saw Rangers often bogged down in midfield prior to the substitute's introduction.
There's clearly work to be done to get the best out of Joey Barton, Nico Kranjcar and Andy Halliday who all have a desire to orchestrate from the centre circle.
More worrying, though, were the uncomfortable moments at the back against a team which is not exactly rich in attacking options.
These are early days but the Rangers defence was too easily troubled and the recruitment of a quality defender has to be at the top of Mark Warburton's wish list.
The football factory at New Douglas Park keeps on churning out top talent. Probably to the embarrassment of some bigger budget academies.
Previously in this long-running success story, James McCarthy, James McArthur, Brian Easton and Stephen Hendrie came through the youth system, starred in the top team and made big money moves down south.
They've served as role models for others who see a clear pathway to first team football in signing for Accies just as long as they're good enough.
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Weekend goal hero Ali Crawford has grown up at the club. Grant Gillespie, like Crawford aged 25, defended superbly against livewire Rangers winger Barrie McKay. Home-produced Mikey Devlin, at 22, is the captain.
Ten of the 18 who donned the red and white hoops on Saturday were Made in Hamilton. That's something to shout about.
It seems that Brendan Rodgers knows what he's doing. The Celtic manager's three signings so far have all had an early impact and, crucially, there are a couple more to come.
Former Swansea, Manchester City and Aston Villa winger Scott Sinclair was still trying to memorise the names of his new team-mates as he tapped in the Tynecastle match-winner to get Celtic's title defence off to a winning start.
Young Frenchman Moussa Dembele's first Celtic goal was that ice-cool penalty conversion which took his team a step closer to the Champions League group stage.
Veteran defender Kolo Toure played the last half hour of that European win plus all 90 minutes of the Premiership defeat of Hearts and his experience in the backline looks like an important ingredient.
Rodgers knows, though, he'll need to add even more quality to his squad if he's to extend the domestic dominance as promised and make Celtic a name to note in Europe again.
Who needs that dynamic duo of Greg Stewart and Kane Hemmings? Well, let's be honest, Dundee would love to still have both on board but, if it is to be a double departure, the early indications are Paul Hartley and his team will manage just fine.
Last season's top-scorer Hemmings has gone already to Oxford. I would love to think that the Dark Blues could cling on to stylish Stewart for another season but it would surely be one of the surprises of the summer if they didn't get the sort of offer they couldn't possibly refuse.
Stewart didn't feature against Ross County in Dingwall at the weekend and Dundee still won in style. Rory Loy scored a double in the 3-1 win and he'll relish the opportunity to start more often.
Former Dunfermline goal machine Faissal El Bakhtaoui is an eye-catching signing.
Clearly, Hemmings and Stewart if he goes are hard to replace but Dundee have a good gaffer. In Hartley they should trust.
On Friday night I discovered that a) Fulham skipper Tom Cairney is Scottish and b) he could soon be knocking on the door of Gordon Strachan's squad.
He was man-of-the-match against Newcastle at Craven Cottage on the opening night of the English Championship season, playing alongside former Dundee midfielder Kevin McDonald.
And let's not kid ourselves that the second tier in England is too low a level for our requirements. Especially with Scotland regulars Grant Hanley and Matt Ritchie playing in that losing Newcastle team.
Cairney, born in Nottingham with a Scottish father, played half a dozen times a few years back for the Scotland Under21s.
The 25-year-old has a lovely left foot, dictated the play as Fulham got their season off to a winning start, and has to be worth a look ahead of the upcoming World Cup qualifiers.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: A vintage aeroplane forced to make an emergency landing at the weekend got into further difficulties at a junction while on the way to be repaired.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

The World War Two Mustang "Miss Velma" suffered suspected engine failure during an air show at Duxford on Sunday afternoon and landed in a nearby field.
While it was being taken for repairs, the wingspan turned out to be too wide to fit through a set of traffic lights.
It took more than an hour to get the carriageway clear, police said.
Beds, Cambs & Herts Roads Policing Unit took to Twitter to describe the scene as "carnage".
"Recovered plane just won't fit through gap!" the unit wrote when the vehicle transporting the plane became stuck at about 15:35 BST.
On Sunday, Cambridgeshire Police had to close part of the M11 at Duxford while it dealt with the initial incident.
The pilot had managed to land the aircraft upright in the field and was unharmed. The Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) confirmed it was investigating.

24 June 2014 Last updated at 13:24 BST
When pilot Matt Rate noticed the lack of wind, he called his crew on the ground to let them know he was planning to come down.
He originally planned to land in a nearby park but was at risk of hitting a tree, so decided to land on the street.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: A survey of 2,000 people with Parkinson's has found that more than half have experienced rudeness or hostility from the public.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article.

The charity Parkinson's UK said being stared at, laughed at or mistaken for drunk left some sufferers feeling "intimidated" and "invisible".
It wants the public to show more patience and understanding.
Parkinson's is a degenerative neurological condition which causes tremors, slow movements and rigidity.
There are around 127,000 people with the condition in the UK.
Professor David Burn, clinical director at Parkinson's UK and consultant neurologist, said the impact of thoughtless reactions from the public could be devastating.
"Patients I see in the clinic are already battling a myriad of neurological symptoms including anxiety, depression and insomnia.
"The last thing they need is to feel like a zoo exhibit when they step out of their front door."
The survey, carried out by Parkinson's UK, also revealed the unseen effects of negative public reactions on people with the condition.
Almost one in five who had experienced this kind of reaction said they would rather skip a meal than venture out to the shops.
One in six said they felt trapped inside their homes after being on the receiving end of public humiliation.
To try to improve this situation, Parkinson's UK is urging people to show small acts of kindness and be more friendly towards others who may be living with the condition.
Steve Ford, chief executive at the charity, said: "We certainly don't expect people to be experts in knowing whether or not the person taking a little longer at the till, or looking unsteady on their feet is living with Parkinson's.
"But by signing up to our new campaign with a small pledge - to smile or be that bit more patient - you can have a real impact on the lives of people with Parkinson's."

One in five women reported a common mental disorder such as anxiety and depression in 2014, compared with one in eight men, according to the study of mental health and wellbeing.
Young women also have high rates of self-harm, and post-traumatic stress and bipolar disorders.
Mental health charities said the figures showed "nothing had improved".
Hugh Pym: Mental health survey reveals pressure on young
One in six adults in England has a common mental disorder (CMD), according to the survey.
The National Study of Health and Wellbeing has been carried out every seven years since 1993. This latest report is based on research on 7,500 members of the public - just over 300 of them were women aged 16-24.
The 2014 data showed the gender gap in mental illness had become most pronounced in young people, and had increased since the first survey.
In 1993, 19% of 16-to-24-year-old women surveyed reported symptoms of CMD compared with 8% of men of the same age.
In a snapshot, 26% of women aged 16-24 reported symptoms of common mental disorders in one week, compared to 9% of men in the same age group.
More women in every age group reported symptoms in one week compared with men of the same age.
Rethink Mental Illness advice line 0300 5000 927 (Monday to Friday 09:30-16:00; local rate)
Mind Infoline 0300 123 3393 (Monday to Friday 09:00-18:00; local rate)
Samaritans 116 123 (Open 24/7; free)
In 2014, women aged 16-24 were three times as likely to report symptoms of anxiety and depression as than men - 26% compared to 9%.
Post-traumatic stress disorder was seen in 12.6% of women of that age compared with 3.6% of men.
CMD rates have steadily increased in women and remained largely stable in men, since the last survey in 2007.
Women were also more likely than men to report severe symptoms - 10% of women compared with 6% of men.
The proportion of the population reporting self-harming was 6%, up from 4% in 2007 and 2% in 2000. Researchers suggest this could be due to increased reporting.
In 2014, one in five 16-to-24-year-old women (25.7%) reported having self-harmed at some point.
That is about twice the rate for men in this age group (9.7%) and women aged 25-34 (13.2%).
The report's authors say this is the first cohort to come of age in the context of social media, and call for more research about its impact.
26%
of young women (16-24) reported a common mental health disorder (9% of young men)
26% of young women have self-harmed (10% of young men)
13% of young women screened positive for post-traumatic stress disorder (4% of young men)
4% of young women screened positive for bipolar disorder (3% of young men)
One in three adults with anxiety or depression was accessing mental health treatment in 2014, up from one in four in 2007.
The study found medication was the most common form of treatment for all conditions, being taken by 10% of those interviewed, with 3% receiving psychological therapy.
The data showed people who were white British, female, or aged 35 to 54 were more likely to receive treatment.
Sarah Mitchell was 23 when she suffered a breakdown while working as a recruitment consultant.
Up until then she says she was known as "happy Sarah", a person who would always be smiling and baking cakes, until one day the "facade shattered".
With hindsight, Sarah said she had probably experienced depression as a teenager and had not properly come to terms with the death of her grandmother, whom she was close to.
Sarah said she had been used to bottling up her feelings before she experienced the breakdown - something she described as a "completely surreal experience".
"I got to work and checked my computer and then my chest started heaving. I thought there was something physically wrong - I thought I had heart problems," she said.
A colleague told Sarah to go the doctor, where she was diagnosed as having suffered a panic attack. She was later diagnosed with depression and then bipolar disorder.
Sarah, from Essex, was off sick from work with depression for six months but in the end decided not to return and instead focused on getting better.
After a period of volunteering, Sarah pursued her interest of writing to become a freelance copywriter.
Now 30, Sarah does mindfulness meditation and focuses on eating well and exercising to keep herself mentally healthy.
"It's not a failure to be struggling. Everyone has different breaking points."
Stephen Buckley, head of information at the mental health charity Mind, said: "Young people are coming of working age in times of economic uncertainty. They're more likely to experience issues associated with debt, unemployment and poverty, and they are up against increasing social and environmental pressures, all of which affect well-being.
He said there had been a "surge" in the use of social media since the last survey in 2009.
"It can help people feel less isolated, particularly those who struggle to make and maintain relationships or who find it difficult to leave their homes.
"But it also comes with some risks. Its instantaneous and anonymous nature means it's easy for people to make hasty and sometimes ill-advised comments that can negatively affect other people's mental health."
Marjorie Wallace, chief executive of the mental health charity Sane, said the report painted a "disturbing picture".
"Perhaps the most shocking finding is the escalation in both the extent and severity of self-harm, particularly amongst young women. At Sane, the number of calls from people who are self-harming or experiencing suicidal thoughts has almost trebled in the last 10 years."
Elizabeth Scowcroft from The Samaritans said the rise in people feeling suicidal, attempting to take their own life and self-harming was "alarming".
"The fact that half of adults who attempted suicide did not reach out for help afterwards is particularly concerning.
"The increase in self-harm is worrying because it's the biggest indicator that someone may go on to take their own life. It is critical that we learn more about the links between self-harm and suicide and that anyone who self-harms can receive the support they need."
Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt said: "We want to make sure that everyone, regardless of gender, age or background, gets the mental health treatment they need."
Mikaela Korth, 20, is doing an apprenticeship in business administration and working in a bar in her spare time, which she says adds up to 50 hours a week.
She said in the past year her anxiety had grown to the point where the "smallest things" - such as waiting in a queue - could trigger strong feelings of anxiety and even panic attacks.
Her GP diagnosed her as suffering from anxiety about three weeks ago, but she says she has been told it could take up to 18 weeks to receive the cognitive behavioural therapy treatment her GP had prescribed her.
Mikaela, from Rotherham, said she felt there were not enough doctors and the minimum wage needed to be increased.
"I don't get much money and the cost of food and other things keeps going up. It is a constant struggle."


Question: Represent the input

Question: There is "no truth" in press claims of a split in the Royal Family over the future roles of Princesses Eugenie and Beatrice, the Duke of York has said.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

------

Examples:

"['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'Thomas Mueller\'s late header put Bayern on the brink of victory on home territory but Didier Drogba levelled things up with a bullet header at the death before coolly converting the decisive spot-kick.\nThe tournament which gave Chelsea their greatest agony when they lost on penalties to Manchester United four years ago in Moscow has now delivered the greatest glory in their 107-year history.\nJuan Mata missed Chelsea\'s first penalty but David Luiz, Frank Lampard and Ashley Cole were all successful. Philipp Lahm, Mario Gomez and goalkeeper Manuel Neuer were all on target for Bayern.\nThe momentum shifted decisively when Cech denied Ivica Olic and Bastian Schweinsteiger hit the post to leave Chelsea on the brink and present Drogba with his moment of destiny.\nHe was calmness personified as he rolled the ball past Neuer to spark wild scenes of elation among Chelsea\'s players, staff and supporters.\nSuspended captain John Terry joined the celebrations and lifted the trophy alongside Lampard but it was Drogba who was the hero, running the length of the pitch swirling his shirt above his head in triumph, as owner Roman Abramovich finally claimed the prize he craved above all others.\nThe questions will now start about the future of interim manager Roberto Di Matteo - who has given the Russian what he wanted after so many painful failures, including that defeat on penalties by Manchester United in the rain of Moscow in 2008 which also saw Drogba sent off.\nAnd it is hard to see how Drogba, now 34 but still able to produce the brilliance that defines big occasions, can be allowed to walk away as his contract reaches its conclusion.\nThis was a victory in the mould of Chelsea\'s semi-final win against Barcelona, built on resilience, discipline, defensive organisation and nerve at the crucial times and done without the suspended Terry, Branislav Ivanovic, Ramires and Raul Meireles.\nAbramovich will leave the big decisions for another day, but this was a night he and his club have desired since he walked into Stamford Bridge nine years ago - and achieved with an interim manager he had to appoint after sacking his personal choice, Andre Villas-Boas.\nTerry was locked in conversation with former England coach Fabio Capello at pitchside before kick-off, the defender looking ruefully around the magnificent arena as he contemplated missing out because of his red card in Barcelona.\nAnd Di Matteo delivered a surprise in his starting line-up, with youngster Ryan Bertrand handed a role on the left flank in front of Cole in an attempt to stifle the threat of former Blues winger Arjen Robben.\nChelsea\'s blanket of defensive defiance served them well in the Nou Camp - and acted as a dress rehearsal for a first half spent almost entirely in their territory.\nWhile the west London team were organised and resolute, they were also grateful that Bayern striker Gomez\'s touch in front of goal deserted him at decisive moments.\nCech saved with his legs from Robben, but Gomez was guilty of failing to control just eight yards out when Franck Ribery\'s shot landed at his feet, the German striker shooting wildly off target after a smart turn in the area.\nMedia playback is not supported on this device\nChelsea\'s only serious response was a shot from Salomon Kalou eight minutes before half-time that was comfortably held by Bayern keeper Neuer.\nThe pattern continued after the break and Ribery thought he had finally pierced Chelsea\'s resilience after 53 minutes, only to be ruled offside when Cole deflected Robben\'s shot into his path.\nAt times this encounter was simply a matter of Bayern\'s attack against Chelsea\'s defence.\nThere was a rare moment of anxiety for Neuer when he could only half-clear Cole\'s cross as he backpedalled, but Drogba\'s shot lacked power and the keeper was able to recover.\nAs the frustration grew among the massed Bayern support they wasted another opportunity as Mueller pulled another presentable chance well wide from inside the area.\nMueller made amends in the best possible manner though, when he headed Bayern in front with seven minutes left. He arrived unmarked onto Toni Kroos\' cross to head past Cech.\nChelsea immediately sent on Fernando Torres for Kalou - but it was the man for the big occasion who delivered again in the 88th minute. Drogba won himself just enough space at the near post to meet Lampard\'s corner and head powerfully past Neuer, who got a touch but could not keep it out.\n"Abramovich\'s accountants will tell you the cost of this victory. For the fans who have endured the often painful journey to eventual triumph, this experience was beyond price"\nRead more of Phil\'s blog\nDrogba went from hero to villain in the opening moments of the extra period when he conceded a penalty after bringing down Ribery with a reckless challenge. The France international was eventually taken off injured but in the meantime Chelsea keeper Cech was the saviour as he plunged low to save Robben\'s poorly struck spot-kick.\nBayern had been over-generous in front of goal and were architects of their own frustration after 107 minutes when Olic tried to set up Daniel van Buyten in front of an open goal but the defender failed to react to his pass.\nAnd so to penalties and the dramatic conclusion that gave Chelsea the biggest prize in European domestic football as the Champions League finally went to Stamford Bridge.\nDidier Drogba scores a penalty. Bayern Munich 3-4 Chelsea on penalties.\nPenalty taken by Bastian Schweinsteiger is saved by Petr Cech.\nAshley Cole scores a penalty. Bayern Munich 3-3 Chelsea on penalties.\nPlaced penalty taken by Ivica Olic saved by Petr Cech.\nPenalty scored by Frank Lampard. Bayern Munich 3-2 Chelsea on penalties.\nManuel Neuer scores a penalty. Bayern Munich 3-1 Chelsea on penalties.\nDavid Luiz scores a penalty. Bayern Munich 2-1 Chelsea on penalties.\nPenalty scored by Mario Gomez. Bayern Munich 2-0 Chelsea on penalties.\nA save by Manuel Neuer from penalty by Juan Mata.\nPhilip Lahm scores a penalty. Bayern Munich 1-0 Chelsea on penalties.\nThe drama of the penalty shoot-out is about to begin.\nThe match is going to penalties.\nManuel Neuer takes the free kick.\nBooking      Fernando Torres goes into the book.\nDiego Contento fouled by Fernando Torres, the ref awards a free kick.\nAnatoliy Tymoschuk takes a shot. Blocked by Mikel.\nDaniel Van Buyten fouled by Florent Malouda, the ref awards a free kick. Anatoliy Tymoschuk restarts play with the free kick.\nFree kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Bastian Schweinsteiger by Mikel. The free kick is delivered left-footed by Arjen Robben from right channel, save by Petr Cech.\nFree kick awarded for a foul by Didier Drogba on Daniel Van Buyten. Direct free kick taken by Manuel Neuer.\nFree kick awarded for a foul by Toni Kroos on Ashley Cole. Free kick taken by Florent Malouda.\nShot from just outside the penalty area by Arjen Robben misses to the left of the target.\nInswinging corner taken from the right by-line by Arjen Robben, Fernando Torres manages to make a clearance.\nA cross is delivered by Philip Lahm, David Luiz makes a clearance.\nThe ball is crossed by Ivica Olic, save by Petr Cech.\nBastian Schweinsteiger delivers the ball, blocked by Fernando Torres.\nCentre by Philip Lahm, Ivica Olic produces a left-footed shot from close range which goes wide of the right-hand upright.\nJerome Boateng takes a shot. Blocked by Jose Bosingwa.\nInswinging corner taken right-footed by Toni Kroos from the left by-line, clearance by Didier Drogba.\nThe match restarts for the second half of extra time.\nFrank Lampard gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Diego Contento. Bastian Schweinsteiger delivers the ball from the free kick right-footed from left by-line, clearance by Didier Drogba.\nThe assistant referee signals for offside against Didier Drogba.  Direct free kick taken by Manuel Neuer.\nThe ball is swung over by Frank Lampard, clearance by Jerome Boateng.\nThe ball is swung over by Fernando Torres, clearance made by Philip Lahm.\nJerome Boateng challenges Fernando Torres unfairly and gives away a free kick. Direct free kick taken by Mikel.\nThe referee gives a free kick against Arjen Robben for handball. Juan Mata restarts play with the free kick.\nFree kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Jose Bosingwa by Ivica Olic. Jose Bosingwa restarts play with the free kick.\nThe ball is sent over by Philip Lahm, Jose Bosingwa gets a block in. Daniel Van Buyten takes a shot. Blocked by David Luiz. Inswinging corner taken from the right by-line by Arjen Robben, clearance by Frank Lampard.\nArjen Robben takes the direct free kick.\nSubstitution      Ivica Olic is brought on as a substitute for Franck Ribery.\nDavid Luiz challenges Mario Gomez unfairly and gives away a free kick.\nEffort on goal by Arjen Robben from just inside the penalty box goes harmlessly over the target.\nPlaced penalty taken by Arjen Robben saved by Petr Cech. Bayern Munich 1-1 Chelsea.\nBooking      Didier Drogba receives a yellow card for unsporting behaviour.\nDidier Drogba gives away a Penalty for an unfair challenge on Franck Ribery.\nToni Kroos takes a shot. Frank Lampard gets a block in.\nJuan Mata takes a shot. Blocked by Jerome Boateng.\nFrank Lampard takes a shot. Philip Lahm gets a block in.\nFoul by Fernando Torres on Franck Ribery, free kick awarded. Diego Contento restarts play with the free kick.\nNormal time is of over and the game goes into extra time.\nJuan Mata fouled by Franck Ribery, the ref awards a free kick. Strike on goal comes in from Didier Drogba from the free kick.\nMikel produces a cross, save by Manuel Neuer.\nCorner taken by Toni Kroos, clearance by Jose Bosingwa.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Blocked by David Luiz.\nThe ball is sent over by Toni Kroos, clearance made by David Luiz.\nAssist by Juan Mata.\nGoal!  - Didier Drogba -    Bay Munich 1 - 1 Chelsea        Didier Drogba finds the net with a headed goal from close range. Bayern Munich 1-1 Chelsea.\nInswinging corner taken by Juan Mata from the right by-line played to the near post,\nFranck Ribery concedes a free kick for a foul on Jose Bosingwa. Free kick taken by Jose Bosingwa.\nArjen Robben takes the direct free kick.\nSubstitution      Thomas Muller goes off and Daniel Van Buyten comes on.\nBooking      Booking for David Luiz for unsporting behaviour.\nDavid Luiz concedes a free kick for a foul on Arjen Robben.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Save made by Petr Cech.\nManuel Neuer takes the direct free kick.\nSubstitution      Fernando Torres comes on in place of Salomon Kalou.\nDidier Drogba gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Jerome Boateng.\nThe assist for the goal came from Toni Kroos.\nGoal!  - Thomas Muller -    Bay Munich 1 - 0 Chelsea        Thomas Muller finds the back of the net with a headed goal from inside the six-yard box. Bayern Munich 1-0 Chelsea.\nThe ball is sent over by Toni Kroos,\nThe ball is swung over by Franck Ribery, Thomas Muller takes a shot. Save by Petr Cech.\nFree kick taken by Philip Lahm.\nBooking      Ashley Cole is booked.\nThomas Muller fouled by Ashley Cole, the ref awards a free kick.\nUnfair challenge on Toni Kroos by Salomon Kalou results in a free kick. Toni Kroos takes the direct free kick.\nEffort from inside the area by Thomas Muller misses to the left of the goal.\nUnfair challenge on Florent Malouda by Thomas Muller results in a free kick. Free kick taken by Petr Cech.\nDrilled left-footed shot by Toni Kroos. Mikel gets a block in.\nArjen Robben takes the inswinging corner, clearance by Didier Drogba.\nCorner taken by Arjen Robben from the right by-line to the near post, clearance by Frank Lampard.\nFranck Ribery crosses the ball, Petr Cech makes a save.\nGary Cahill fouled by Mario Gomez, the ref awards a free kick. Mikel takes the free kick.\nDidier Drogba takes a shot. Save made by Manuel Neuer.\nSubstitution      Florent Malouda on for Ryan Bertrand.\nThe ball is sent over by Didier Drogba, clearance made by Diego Contento.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Save by Petr Cech.\nA cross is delivered by Jose Bosingwa, clearance by Anatoliy Tymoschuk. Jose Bosingwa crosses the ball, Manuel Neuer makes a save.\nFree kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Diego Contento by Salomon Kalou. Toni Kroos delivers the ball from the free kick right-footed from left wing, clearance by Frank Lampard.\nToni Kroos takes a shot. Blocked by Ashley Cole.\nArjen Robben takes a inswinging corner from the right by-line played to the near post, clearance by Frank Lampard. Corner taken left-footed by Arjen Robben from the right by-line to the near post, David Luiz makes a clearance.\nShot from 20 yards by Arjen Robben. Blocked by Ryan Bertrand.\nInswinging corner taken left-footed by Arjen Robben from the right by-line, save by Petr Cech.\nA cross is delivered by Philip Lahm, Ashley Cole gets a block in.\nFoul by Didier Drogba on Bastian Schweinsteiger, free kick awarded. Anatoliy Tymoschuk takes the direct free kick.\nShot from just outside the box by Franck Ribery misses to the left of the target.\nThe ball is delivered by Bastian Schweinsteiger, Petr Cech makes a comfortable save.\nToni Kroos produces a cross, clearance by Didier Drogba. Corner taken by Arjen Robben.\nThe ball is swung over by Thomas Muller, Ashley Cole gets a block in. Arjen Robben takes a short corner.\nJuan Mata delivers the ball, Jerome Boateng manages to make a clearance.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Ashley Cole gets a block in.\nDiego Contento fouled by Salomon Kalou, the ref awards a free kick. Diego Contento takes the free kick.\nDiego Contento fouled by Gary Cahill, the ref awards a free kick. Manuel Neuer restarts play with the free kick.\nToni Kroos gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Juan Mata. Free kick taken by Mikel.\nEffort from outside the penalty box by Toni Kroos goes wide left of the goal.\nFree kick awarded for a foul by David Luiz on Thomas Muller. Direct free kick taken by Arjen Robben.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Ashley Cole gets a block in. The assistant referee signals for offside against Franck Ribery.  Direct free kick taken by Petr Cech.\nDidier Drogba takes a shot. Blocked by Jerome Boateng.\nLong distance shot from Didier Drogba misses to the left of the goal.\nThe ball is delivered by Philip Lahm.\nThe ball is crossed by Arjen Robben, Ashley Cole gets a block in.\nCentre by Arjen Robben, Mikel manages to make a clearance.\nArjen Robben decides to take the corner short.\nToni Kroos takes a shot. David Luiz gets a block in.\nThe ball is delivered by Arjen Robben, Ashley Cole gets a block in.\nThe ball is crossed by Franck Ribery, David Luiz manages to make a clearance.\nThe match restarts for the second half.\nHalf Time    The players leave the pitch at half time.\nFree kick awarded for a foul by Ryan Bertrand on Philip Lahm. Manuel Neuer takes the free kick.\nMario Gomez produces a left-footed shot from inside the area that clears the crossbar.\nAnatoliy Tymoschuk takes a shot. Mario Gomez gets a block in.\nMikel challenges Toni Kroos unfairly and gives away a free kick. Free kick taken by Bastian Schweinsteiger.\nInswinging corner taken from the right by-line by Arjen Robben.\nFranck Ribery delivers the ball.\nOverhead kick right-footed shot by Mario Gomez. Gary Cahill gets a block in.\nSalomon Kalou takes a shot. Save by Manuel Neuer.\nDiego Contento delivers the ball, Thomas Muller has an effort at goal from deep inside the area missing to the left of the goal.\nEffort from the edge of the box by Franck Ribery goes wide of the left-hand post.\nJerome Boateng challenges Gary Cahill unfairly and gives away a free kick. Strike on goal comes in from Juan Mata from the free kick.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Save by Petr Cech.\nFree kick awarded for a foul by Jose Bosingwa on Franck Ribery. Free kick taken by Diego Contento.\nFree kick awarded for a foul by David Luiz on Thomas Muller. Strike comes in from Arjen Robben from the free kick.\nFoul by Jerome Boateng on Didier Drogba, free kick awarded. Direct free kick taken by Juan Mata.\nInswinging corner taken right-footed by Franck Ribery from the left by-line, save made by Petr Cech.\nToni Kroos delivers the ball.\nA cross is delivered by Arjen Robben, Jose Bosingwa manages to make a clearance.\nCorner taken by Arjen Robben from the right by-line played to the near post, clearance made by Didier Drogba.\nCentre by Arjen Robben, Ashley Cole gets a block in.\nThe official flags Salomon Kalou offside. Free kick taken by Philip Lahm.\nInswinging corner taken by Toni Kroos, Didier Drogba manages to make a clearance.\nArjen Robben takes a shot. Save made by Petr Cech.\nShort corner worked by Franck Ribery.\nCorner taken by Toni Kroos, Arjen Robben takes a shot. Blocked by Gary Cahill. Inswinging corner taken right-footed by Toni Kroos, save made by Petr Cech.\nFoul by Salomon Kalou on Diego Contento, free kick awarded. Anatoliy Tymoschuk takes the free kick.\nThe ball is delivered by Franck Ribery, Header on goal by Mario Gomez from inside the box goes harmlessly over the target.\nFree kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Thomas Muller by David Luiz. Free kick taken by Bastian Schweinsteiger.\nSalomon Kalou gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Franck Ribery. Bastian Schweinsteiger takes the direct free kick.\nFranck Ribery challenges Didier Drogba unfairly and gives away a free kick. Gary Cahill takes the free kick.\nArjen Robben takes a shot from just inside the penalty box which clears the bar.\nCentre by Juan Mata, Philip Lahm manages to make a clearance.\nThomas Muller crosses the ball, blocked by David Luiz.\nDidier Drogba produces a cross.\nA cross is delivered by Diego Contento. Effort from outside the penalty area by Toni Kroos goes wide left of the goal.\nInswinging corner taken right-footed by Franck Ribery, clearance by Didier Drogba.\nBastian Schweinsteiger takes a shot. Gary Cahill gets a block in.\nSalomon Kalou gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Toni Kroos. Direct free kick taken by Bastian Schweinsteiger.\nDirect free kick taken by Petr Cech.\nBooking      Bastian Schweinsteiger receives a caution for unsporting behaviour.\nHandball decision goes against Bastian Schweinsteiger.\nFoul by Ashley Cole on Toni Kroos, free kick awarded. Arjen Robben crosses the ball in from the free kick, Jose Bosingwa manages to make a clearance.\nThe match begins.\nLive data and text provided by our data suppliers\nLive text commentary']" == "['represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details', 'Chelsea stunned Bayern Munich in a dramatic penalty shoot-out at the Allianz Arena to win the Champions League for the first time.']"

Prince Andrew said in a statement he wished to stop "speculation and innuendo" relating to his daughters.
He said it was "complete fabrication" to suggest he wanted titles for any future husbands of the princesses.
He added that continued speculation over a split between himself and Prince Charles was "pointless".
"As a father, my wish for my daughters is for them to be modern, working, young women, who happen to be members of the Royal Family, and I am delighted to see them building their careers," the duke said.
"When they do support the Royal Family in its work this is very much appreciated by my family and, most importantly, by those organisations and to those for whom their participation makes such a difference to their lives."
While acknowledging there is "considerable interest" in the granddaughters of the Queen, Prince Andrew said he "cannot continue to stand by and have the media speculate on their futures based on my purported interventions, which are completely made up".
The statement was issued via the duke's Twitter account.
It came shortly after the princesses' mother, the Duchess of York, urged the media to "stop bullying the York family".
She was speaking as Beatrice, 28, and Eugenie, 26, became patrons of the Teenage Cancer Trust charity.
The duchess and the two princesses visited a specialist teen cancer unit in central London to mark the occasion, meeting young people with the disease.
"Let's focus more on this and less on tittle-tattle gossip," said the duchess, who was divorced from Prince Andrew in 1996.
By Peter Hunt, BBC royal correspondent
Once, personal royal statements were vanishingly rare.
Not anymore.
After Prince Harry leapt to the aid of his girlfriend Meghan Markle, his uncle has used his personal Twitter account to defend his daughters.
And it's significant that the princely views were disseminated this way and not through an official Buckingham Palace statement.
There will be those at the palace who will have questioned the wisdom of this move.
Not least because there has been tension between Prince Andrew and Prince Charles over the future king's plans to slim down the monarchy when his time comes.
Read more from Peter Hunt
The Duke of York's statement was issued in response to reports claiming he intended to persuade the Queen or Prince Charles to make any husbands of Eugenie or Beatrice earls.
In October, there were claims of a row between Prince Andrew and his brother, said to have been sparked by a wish for his daughters to be given more significant roles within the royal family in future.
The statement also comes just over a month after Prince Harry took the decision to issue a statement attacking the media for subjecting his actress girlfriend Meghan Markle to a "wave of abuse and harassment".

The Queen and both families are said to be "delighted with the news".
As with her previous two pregnancies, the duchess, 35, is suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum, or severe morning sickness.
She will no longer carry out her planned engagement at the Hornsey Road Children's Centre in London today.
Catherine is being cared for at Kensington Palace, the statement said.
The duke and duchess have one son, George, and one daughter, Charlotte, aged four and two.
With the previous two pregnancies, the couple announced them before the 12-week mark - when most women have their first scan - because of the duchess being unwell with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Her first pregnancy was revealed when she was just a few weeks pregnant with Prince George after she was admitted to hospital in December 2012.
Her second pregnancy with Princess Charlotte was announced in September 2014, when she was treated at the palace for the condition.
Hyperemesis gravidarum affects about one in every 200 pregnancies and results in severe nausea and vomiting - with one of the main dangers being dehydration.
The BBC's royal correspondent Nicholas Witchell said the couple had "clearly been forced" to make the announcement because of the duchess' condition.
"It is quite a significant week for them because Prince George is due to start at big school," he told BBC News.
"Presumably his mother would be keen to take him to that, [but] whether she is going to be well enough to do that remains to be seen.
"It had also been expected that the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge would be taking a foreign trip this autumn," he added.
"Whether they will be able to do that or whether the duchess will be well enough to do that also remains to be seen."
The expected child will become the fifth in line to the throne behind Prince Charles, Prince William, Prince George and Princess Charlotte.
A change - which stops royal sons taking precedence over their female siblings in the line of succession - came into force in March 2015.
The child will be the Queen's sixth great-grandchild.
To become King or Queen as the third-born royal child is rare - and has yet to happen within the current House of Windsor.
But the third child of George III and Queen Charlotte, William IV, took on the task and ruled from 1830 to 1837.
The Hanoverian king acceded to the throne aged 64 when his older brother, George IV, died without an heir.
He became next in line when he was 62 and his other older brother, Frederick, Duke of York, died.
Arriving in Manchester for a royal visit, Prince Harry - who will drop to sixth in line to the throne when the child is born - said the news was "fantastic" and he was "very, very happy".
Clarence House has tweeted on behalf of the Prince of Wales and Duchess of Cornwall to say they are "delighted".
Prime Minister Theresa May has tweeted her congratulations to the couple, calling it "fantastic news".
End of Twitter post  by @Number10gov


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Jeremy Corbyn has urged Labour voters to support the UK staying in the EU, saying it will protect workers' rights.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Campaigning in Aberdeen, the Labour leader acknowledged that the EU should be more accountable and democratic.
But he said voting Remain would protect "paid holiday, the anti-discrimination legislation, the maternity leave, the paternity leave and particularly environmental protection".
Leave campaigners say cutting workplace regulation would help create new jobs.
The UK's in-out referendum on EU membership takes place on 23 June.
Mr Corbyn has been viewed as Labour's most Eurosceptic leader in a generation and has faced criticism from within his party for not doing more to galvanise Labour supporters to vote Remain.
Most of the party's MPs back staying in the EU, although the Vote Leave campaign is chaired by a Labour MP, Gisela Stuart.
How working conditions and pay rates are affected by EU membership.
In his comments, Mr Corbyn also referred positively to European human rights legislation but said he was "very opposed to" the terms of a proposed trade deal with the US.
"But if we leave [the EU] we've got to think very seriously about the economic consequences of the jobs and the workers' rights and the free movement of people," he said.
A vote to stay in the EU was "not an endorsement of every bureaucratic excess of the European Union", Mr Corbyn said, suggesting that what was important was "a principle about working with people across national borders".
Momentum in political campaigns is both everything, and nothing.
Unquantifiable and ephemeral - and yet motivating and mood setting.
Vote Leave, having weathered an onslaught from their opponents in the opening skirmishes of this campaign, now sound upbeat and chipper.
The Remain campaign - and particularly those within the Labour Party who passionately believe the UK must stay in the EU - fret that their supporters are leaching away to back Brexit.
So, the tussle is now on for the support of Labour voters - a chunk of the electorate who could prove crucial a week on Thursday
In other developments:
Asked if Labour voters could swing the vote, Mr Corbyn said he was working very hard to put the case to Labour voters "that we reform the European Union by remaining in the European Union".
"If we walk away from it it's very hard to see how our economy can be sustained, how those jobs can be sustained particularly in manufacturing industry," he said.
He also appealed to people in Scotland to avoid getting into the debate about whether a Leave vote could lead to another independence referendum.
"I hope people will vote for what they want on June 23, and decide whether they wish to be part of the European Union or not on the basis of solidarity with people across the continent," Mr Corbyn said.
Leading Leave campaigner Iain Duncan Smith told the BBC it was not just the Conservatives who were divided over Europe.
He said: "A huge number of Labour voters are actually for Leave now because of the crisis over immigration and the problems of services, and on their salaries, by the way, wages are falling as a result of migration."

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

They were launching a Britain Stronger In Europe battle bus and pledge card.
But Vote Leave said the PM's criticisms of Mr Khan during the mayoral contest less than a month ago showed he could not be trusted.
UKIP MP Douglas Carswell said the PM had accused Mr Khan of being a "terrorist sympathiser".
Mr Cameron repeatedly attacked Mr Khan for having a history of sharing platforms with extremists - a claim firmly rejected by Mr Khan - as part of the Conservatives' failed campaign to get Zac Goldsmith elected to City Hall.
At Prime Minister's Questions in the Commons some Labour MPs denounced Mr Cameron as a racist when he questioned Mr Khan's judgment.
At the Remain campaign event in London, Mr Cameron appeared to bury the hatchet.
He shook hands with Mr Khan and congratulated him on his victory in the mayoral contest, telling the crowd: "I'm proud to be here with the mayor of London - with the Labour mayor of London - on this vital, vital issue."
He hailed the fact that "someone who is a proud Muslim, a proud Brit and a proud Londoner can become mayor of the greatest city on Earth. That says something about our country".
The prime minister said he expected many disagreements with the London Mayor but they were both part of "an incredibly broad campaign" in favour of EU membership.
Mr Cameron described himself as a "Eurosceptic" but said the ability to criticise the EU is "a cause of strength in our campaign... we're levelling with people, something the other side refuses to do".
Mr Khan defended his decision to share a platform with the Conservative prime minister - something Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn has refused to do, despite being on the same side as him in the referendum debate.
The London mayor said: "There are many things on which the prime minister and I will disagree. But what's really important is when it's in Londoners' interests for the mayor and the government to work closely together, we will work closely together."
He claimed "more than half a million jobs" in London depended on the UK's membership of the EU, adding: "A vote for Remain means jobs and opportunities."
Staying in the EU meant more measures to fight climate change, "workers' rights protected and more rights for women," he added, and he urged young people to "get involved" in the referendum and register to vote.
Vote Leave spokesman and UKIP MP Douglas Carswell said voters "should not trust David Cameron".
"Just a month ago he attacked Sadiq Khan as a terrorist sympathiser, yet today he hailed him as a great politician as he stood next to him on a shared platform.
"Today he trumpeted the benefits of the European Arrest Warrant but a few years ago he warned that it was dangerous and that it stripped away centuries old rights from the British people.
"David Cameron's flip-flops show that he is not a man of principle - he is just desperate to cling on to power".
Mr Cameron and Mr Khan unveiled a "five point guarantee card" listing what they say voters will get if they vote to Remain on 23 June.
The card promises "full access" to the EU single market, protection of workers' rights, "a safer Britain" with co-operation with other EU states, the UK keeping its "special status" within the EU, outside the euro and the Schengen passport-free area and with an opt-out from the EU's aim of "ever-closer union" and "stability".
Vote Leave hit back with a list of five things they say will happen if Britain votes to remain in the EU.
These include much disputed assertion that the UK will continue to "send Â£350m a week to Brussels," a claim that the free movement of people in the EU will continue "permanently" and that Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey join, a warning about business red tape, and a claim that "we will continue to be unable to remove criminals and terrorists whose presence in the UK is not conducive to the public good".
In other EU referendum developments:


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details!

Question: Sweden's position as one of the world's most highly developed post-industrial societies looks fundamentally secure.

Unemployment is low and the economy strong. Public-private partnership is at the core of "the Swedish model", which was developed by the Social Democrats, who governed for most of the last 70 years until 2006.
This mixed economy traditionally featured centralised wage negotiations and a heavily tax-subsidised social security network. The Swedes still enjoy an advanced welfare system, and their standard of living and life expectancy are almost second to none.
Country profiles compiled by BBC Monitoring
The country is also a common destination for refugees and asylum seekers - immigrants make up more than 10% of its population.
Swedes voted in a referendum in 1980 to phase out nuclear power, and the country began to decommission reactors in 1999. However, fears over climate change and energy security persuaded the government to reverse the decision in 2009, and plans are on the table to replace the country's 10 remaining reactors.
Sweden is known throughout the world for its neutrality. This policy has led to a number of Swedish politicians taking on international roles, often mediating between conflicting groups or ideologies. With the ending of the Cold War, Sweden felt able to join the European Union in 1995 although it still declines to become a Nato member.
Sweden was one of three EU countries not to join the single European currency. In the first referendum on membership after the euro's introduction in 12 of 15 EU countries, Swedish voters rejected it by a clear majority in September 2003.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

Examples:

"['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', "More than 200 of the oldest photographs taken in Scotland are to go on display at the National Galleries of Scotland.\nThe influential partnership of David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson lasted for less than five years before the premature death of Adamson, aged just 26.\nBut it produced thousands of images which are admired by photographers to this day.\nWithin four years of the invention of photography being announced to the world in 1839, Hill and Adamson had mastered the new medium and were producing innovative work from their studio in Edinburgh.\nA Perfect Chemistry: Photographs by Hill & Adamson is one of the biggest exhibitions of their work to be staged in recent years.\nThe pioneering partnership came about due to an unlikely event, the 'Disruption' of the Church of Scotland Assembly.\nThis was where 450 ministers - upset over the issue of the church's relationship with the state - left to form the Free Church of Scotland.\nHill decided he would record the event with a painting. He was put in touch Adamson, who could take photographs of the clergymen.\nThis would be a quick way for Hill to record a likeness of the men at this momentous meeting so he could transform them into a large painting.\nOver the next four years, they took about 3,000 pictures including images of the clergymen.\nThe duo's ambitions saw them quickly extend their repertoire to include portraits of Edinburgh society figures, scenes from the capital and documentary images of fisherfolk in nearby Newhaven.\nTheir images of the working class community in the Newhaven area of Edinburgh are thought to be the first photographic studies of ordinary working people.\nTheir partnership came to an early end when Adamson died in 1848.\nA Perfect Chemistry: Photographs by Hill and Adamson is being shown at the National Galleries of Scotland from 27 May to 1 October."]" == "['This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article', '.']"

Often dubbed as the "Monaco of the East", the red dot has beaten a path to steady economic progress and prosperity since the 1970s.
Much of the city's success can be attributed to the vision of one man - Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore's first prime minister who died this week. He was in office from 1959 to 1990.
The tenure made him the world's longest-serving prime minister in history. Singapore broke away from neighbouring Malaysia and gained independence in 1965.
About half a century ago, Singapore was an island without any natural resources to call its own.
Since then, it has pulled off a dramatic transformation - boasting two casino-integrated resorts and an airport that has frequently topped the "world's best" list.
In addition, the central business district is crowded with skyscrapers that rival neighbouring Hong Kong and mid-town Manhattan in far-flung New York.
Mr Lee was not one to shy away from his achievements for Singapore. The second volume of his published memoirs carries the title, From Third World to First: The Singapore Story: 1965-2000.
To help sum up his economic triumphs for the city state, several experts shared their views on Lee Kuan Yew's economic legacies for Singapore.
Lee Kuan Yew's emphasis on growth, the thrust on making Singapore attractive as a destination for  investment as well as the focus on drawing world class manpower; building state of the art infrastructure and excellent air and sea linkages; a low and transparent tax regime; clean and efficient bureaucracy; a strong regulatory and legal framework; a neutral diplomatic policy which has ensured it is an ally of the US as well as China; and developing a clean and green city, have ensured Singapore's stupendous economic success.
These factors have led to the emergence of Singapore as a powerful and wealthy financial centre.
A trained lawyer, this visionary leader was Singapore's chief architect in harnessing social cohesion despite ethnic and religious diversity; and in engineering an economic miracle.
His defining economic policy is arguably uncompromising standards for a universally accessible, top-flight public education system - astutely identifying human capital as Singapore's key competitive advantage - supplemented with rigorous application of meritocracy.
This understated principle accelerated economic ascendancy by unleashing the forces of upward social mobility for all, with little tolerance for complacency or corruption. Complemented by a fair and transparent judiciary, businesses thrived.
But above all, Mr Lee's principled approach to nation building forged his legacy as a luminary.
Lee Kuan Yew performed a miracle transforming Singapore from one of the poorest countries in the world in the 1960s to being among the most advanced today.
His main contribution, and the key to his success, was that he understood that in order to put Singapore on a sustainable growth trajectory one needs much more than sound economic policy.
Any policy can be reversed, any incentives for growth can be dismantled. Mr Lee built a country whose institutional set-up is unparalleled.
This includes the rule of law; efficient government structures; the continuous fight against corruption; and overall stability.
Lee Kuan Yew's vision was to build an economically sound country that would be robust enough for future generations. But he knew Singapore had limitations.
To achieve his dream, he had to change the mindset of its then population of around two million people. Singaporeans had to be more welcoming to immigrants if the country were to grow.
The population needed to expand by continually attracting high-calibre people who would create employment, bring in much-needed capital and most importantly, pass on their key skills.
It is thanks to Lee Kuan Yew's vision that Singapore is as welcoming to immigrants today as it was 50 years ago.
But it is the integration of foreign and home-grown talent that has allowed the country to enjoy decades of economic growth.
The economic value of every person in Singapore today is as high as that of the US.
After the separation from Malaysia, Lee Kuan Yew developed a highly technocratic government which led to competitive, meritocratic and results-based economic policies.
Some key decisions were the development of Changi Airport as a regional transport hub after Singapore outgrew the previous Paya Lebar airport, which was a state-of-the-art facility when it opened in the 1950s.
The air hub and the aggressive defence of Singapore as a sea freight trans-shipment hub - as well as the technocratic foundations of transparency and good governance - led to Singapore's position as a natural hub for multinational businesses in Asia.
Other key positive economic policies included the Central Provident Fund, Housing Development Board flat ownership and integrated education, which all helped Singapore transition from a village setting towards towns and the highly sophisticated cosmopolitan global city we see today.
With such high praises, what does the future hold for Singapore?
Can it sustain the pace of development amid the current economic turbulence in Europe and while America is still finding its footing for growth?
While some see continued success, others are warning of a changing landscape.
Singapore is one of the most competitive economies in the world today.
In order to maintain rising wages and improving living standards, Singapore will continue to transform its economy towards higher-value-added industries with strong productivity growth.
Key growth drivers for Singapore over the next decade will be Singapore's role as one of the world's leading financial centres; its competitiveness as a logistics, shipping and aviation hub; and its role as a regional HQ for global multinationals.
The long-term outlook for Singapore remains very bright.
There are downside risks to growth which stem from rising income inequality and restrictions on free speech.
There is an attempt to widen the social security net, which could partially ease signs of unrest in a local population grappling with the high cost of living.
The government will have to strike a fine balance between being fiscally prudent and expanding welfare schemes, in order to retain its high sovereign ratings.
A population that is social media savvy is also more politically engaged and this will mean that a higher proportion of younger voters will demand the right to dissent.
Gradually, the political system and the economic regime put in place by Lee Kuan Yew will unwind and become less and less effective.
This is partly because of changing circumstances over which Singapore has no or little control, but also because Lee has left in place a broken system of elite regeneration.
In short, his system only works with someone as smart and ruthless as Lee Kuan Yew at the top.
My fear is that his successors might be able to bring themselves to be as ruthless as Lee, but not as smart. This would be the worst of all worlds.
A better scenario would see a more flexible and open political system that is less ruthless and has much more public accountability.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: The 10-year-old co-star of the hit musical Matilda has become the youngest person to win a top theatre award.

16 April 2012 Last updated at 16:09 BST
Eleanor Worthington-Cox is one of the four actresses who play the role of Matilda in the stage version of Roald Dahl's famous book.
They all scooped up the prize for the best actress in a musical at the Laurence Olivier awards.
Eleanor said: "It's pretty cool - and scary - but also awesome."
In total, Matilda won more awards than any other show ever has - a record-breaking seven prizes.

The wizarding saga was named best new play at the ceremony at London's Royal Albert Hall.
Best actor winner Jamie Parker, who plays the grown-up Harry, thanked the show's "resolutely enchantable audience".
Noma Dumezweni, who plays Hermione Grainger, won best supporting actress.
Oliviers 2017: The winners in full
Picking up her statuette, she thanked JK Rowling for creating the character. "The privilege of being able to play Hermione is overwhelming and humbling," she said.
The best supporting actor prize went to Anthony Boyle, who was plucked from acting school to play the role of Scorpius Malfoy.
Other highlights from Sunday night's ceremony include:
Winning nine of its 11 nominations, Harry Potter and the Cursed Child overtakes Matilda the Musical and The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time - both of which had seven wins each - to become the most decorated production in Oliviers history.
The play opened to five-star reviews at the Palace Theatre last July and has already dominated theatre awards season.
Based on an original story by JK Rowling, Thorne and director John Tiffany, the two-parter presents Harry, Ron and Hermione in their mid-30s as their own children head off to Hogwarts school.
Tiffany was named best director - he was up against himself in the same category for The Glass Menagerie - while the play also won for its lighting, sound, costumes, and set design.
"The power of imagination is infinite," Tiffany said in his acceptance speech. "We need it now more than ever."
Billie Piper's best actress win was the first award of the night.
In Yerma, which was also named best revival, she played a young woman driven to extremes by her desire to have a child.
"This is so cool, it's awesome," said the former Doctor Who actress, who will reprise her role at London's Young Vic in the summer.
National Theatre of Scotland's production of Our Ladies Of Perpetual Succour, which opens in the West End next month, was named best new comedy.
Matthew Bourne was named best theatre choreographer, with his production of The Red Shoes also winning best entertainment and family.
As well as its new musical prize, Groundhog Day - written by Tim Minchin and Danny Rubin - also received the award for best actor in a musical for Andy Karl's portrayal of Phil Connors.  The Old Vic production opens on Broadway later this month.
Former Glee star Amber Riley was named best actress in a musical for her role in Dreamgirls, while her co-star Adam J Bernard won best actor in a supporting role in a musical.
Picking up her award, Riley said: "Anyone who sees a little bit of themselves in me and sees me standing on this stage,  I hope that you are inspired, I hope that you know that you can do this if you really want to."
Rebecca Trehearn won best actress in a supporting role in a musical for Show Boat.
Two shows composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber also scooped awards.
School of Rock the Musical won outstanding achievement in music for the three children's bands who play their instruments live every night at New London Theatre.
Meanwhile, Jesus Christ Superstar - first performed in 1971 - was named best musical revival.
The night included performances from Gary Barlow and Tim Firth with the company of The Girls and the Women's Institute Choir, as well as Amber Riley, Tim Minchin and the companies of School of Rock the Musical, Jesus Christ Superstar and The Red Shoes.
At the end of the night, Sir Kenneth Branagh was presented with a Special Award by actor Mark Rylance and was  joined on stage by 60 of the actors who appeared in the recent Kenneth Branagh Theatre Company season of plays in the West End.
"There's nothing special about me," quipped Sir Kenneth. "I'm a working class boy from Belfast, and I was a comprehensive school kid in Reading."
The ceremony, hosted by Jason Manford, will be broadcast on ITV on Tuesday 11 April at 20:00 BST.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.