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Question: John Grotzinger is the project scientist on Nasa's latest multi-billion-dollar mission to Mars.

He's going to become a familiar face in the coming months as he explains to TV audiences the importance of the discoveries that are made by the most sophisticated spacecraft ever sent to touch the surface of another world.
The Curiosity Rover - also called the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) - is set to land on Monday (GMT) for a minimum two-year exploration of a deep hole on Mars' equator known as Gale Crater.
The depression was punched out by an asteroid or comet billions of years ago.
The lure for Grotzinger and his fellow scientists is the huge mound of rock rising 5km from the crater floor.
Mount Sharp, as they refer to it, looks from satellite pictures to be constructed from ancient sediments - some deposited when Mars still had abundant water at its surface.
That makes it an exciting place to consider the possibility that those distant times may also once have supported microbial life.
And Curiosity, with its suite of 10 instruments, will test this habitability hypothesis.
Grotzinger is a geologist affiliated to the California Institute of Technology and he recently took the BBC Horizon programme to the mountains of the nearby Mojave Desert to illustrate the work the rover will be doing on Mars.
He climbed to a level and then pointed to the rock sediments on the far side of the valley.
"What you see here is a stack of layers that tell us about the early environmental history of Earth, representing hundreds of millions of years," he told Horizon.
"They read like a book of Earth history and they tell us about different chapters in the evolution of early environments, and life.
"And the cool thing about going to Mount Sharp and Gale Crater is that there we'll have a different book about the early environmental history of Mars.
"It will tell us something equally interesting, and we just don't know what it is yet," he said.
Curiosity dwarfs all previous landing missions undertaken by the Americans.
At 900kg, it's a behemoth.  It's nearly a hundred times more massive than the first robot rover Nasa sent to Mars in 1997.
Curiosity will trundle around the foothills of Mount Sharp much like a human field geologist might walk through Mojave's valleys.  Except the rover has more than a hammer in its rucksack.
It has hi-res cameras to look for features of interest.  If a particular boulder catches the eye, Curiosity can zap it with an infrared laser and examine the resulting surface spark to query the rock's elemental composition.
If that signature intrigues, the rover will use its long arm to swing over a microscope and an X-ray spectrometer to take a closer look.
Still interested? Curiosity can drill into the boulder and deliver a powdered sample to two high-spec analytical boxes inside the rover belly.
These will lay bare the rock's precise make-up, and the conditions under which it formed.
"We're not just scratching and sniffing and taking pictures - we're boring into rock, getting that powder and analysing it in these laboratories," deputy project scientist, Ashwin Vasavada, told the BBC.
"These are really university laboratories that would normally fill up a room but which have been shrunk down - miniaturised - and made safe for the space environment, and then flown on this rover to Mars."
The intention on Monday is to put MSL-Curiosity down on the flat plain of the crater bottom.
The vehicle will then drive up to the base of Mount Sharp.
In front of it, the rover should find clay minerals (phyllosilicates) that will give a fresh insight into the wet, early era of the Red Planet known as the Noachian. Clays only form when rock spends a lot of time in contact with water.
Above the clays, a little further up the mountain, the rover should find sulphate salts, which relate to the Hesperian Era - a time when Mars was still wet but beginning to dry out.
"Going to Gale will give us the opportunity to study a key transition in the climate of Mars - from the Noachian to the Hesperian," said Sanjeev Gupta, an Imperial College London scientist on the mission.
"The rocks we believe preserve that with real fidelity, and the volume of data we get from Curiosity will be just extraordinary."
The rover is not a life-detection mission; it does not possess the capability to identify any bugs in the soil or huddled under rocks (not that anyone really expects to find microbes in the cold, dry, and irradiated conditions that persist at the surface of Mars today).
But what Curiosity can do is characterise any organic (carbon-rich) chemistry that may be present.
All life as we know it on Earth trades off a source of complex carbon molecules, such as amino acids - just as it needs water and energy.
Previous missions, notably the Viking landers in the 1970s, have hinted at the presence of organics on Mars. But if Curiosity could make the definitive identification of organics in Gale Crater, it would be a eureka moment and go a long way towards demonstrating that the Red Planet did indeed have habitable environments in its ancient past.
It's a big ask, though.  Even in Earth rocks where we know sediments have been laid down in proximity to biology, we still frequently find no organic traces. The evidence doesn't preserve well.
And, of course, there are plenty of non-biological processes that will produce organics, so it wouldn't be an "A equals B" situation even if Curiosity were to make the identification.
Nonetheless, some members of the science team still dream of finding tantalising chemical markers in Gale's rocks.
Dawn Sumner, from the University of California at Davis, is one of them.
"Under very specific circumstances - if life made a lot of organic molecules and they are preserved and they haven't reacted with the rocks in Gale Crater, we may be able to tell that they were created by life. It's a remote possibility, but it's something I at least hope we can find," she said.
"I am confident we will learn amazing new things.  Some of them will be answers to questions we already have, but most of what we learn will be surprises to us.
"We've only been on the ground on Mars in six places, and it's a huge planet.
"Gale Crater and Mount Sharp are unlike anything we've been to before.  That guarantees we will learn exciting new things from Curiosity."
Horizon: Mission to Mars was broadcast on BBC Two Monday 30 July. Watch online via iPlayer (UK only) or browse more Horizon clips at the above link.

Nasa has created Mars Trek to mark the third anniversary of the rover landing on Mars.
It allows people to see for themselves some of the features of the red planet using information gathered by Nasa over the past 50 years.
A team from Nasa is also using the interactive map to look at possible landing sites for future missions.


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Question: England will play three warm-up games in Australia before this year's Ashes series gets under way in November.

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The tourists play a Western Australia XI in a two-day match in Perth from 4 November, followed by a day-night match of four days against a Cricket Australia (CA) XI, from 8 November.
They take on another CA XI over four days in Townsville from 15 November.
The Ashes series starts in Brisbane on 23 November at 00:00 BST, with the second Test to be a day-night game.
That takes place in Adelaide from 2 December.
England will also play a CA XI in a two-day game in Perth between the second and third Tests of their five-match series with Australia - that match will start on 9 December.
And before England and Australia begin their five-match one-day series after the Ashes - the first is scheduled for 14 January - England will play a one-day match against a CA XI on 11 January in Sydney.

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The 'Super Series' will mean a win in a Test match is worth four points and victory in either a one-day international or Twenty20 worth two.
"We're trying to create more context to every game that's played," said England cricket director Andrew Strauss.
"We've seen incredible innovation over the past decade and it's important that international cricket evolves with it."
The first of England's three Tests against Sri Lanka begins at Headingley on Thursday, with that series followed by five one-day internationals and one Twenty20.
The four-Test series against Pakistan begins in July and is followed by the same amount of limited-overs matches.
A points system has been used since 2013 to determine the winner of the Women's Ashes series between England and Australia.
Individual winners of the men's Test, one-day and T20 series will be crowned and there be no individual trophy for the Super Series, but a £25,000 prize will be split between the players.
"If it doesn't quite capture the public's imagination, there's nothing wrong with trying it and seeing what happens. So I'm all in favour of it," England captain Alastair Cook told BBC Sport.
"You just don't know because no-one has ever tried it at men's level. If it works, brilliant. If it doesn't, no harm done."
The England and Wales Cricket Board has discussed the idea with the International Cricket Council, which will look at how it could be used elsewhere, but there are no plans for it to be used in men's Ashes series, the next of which is in 2017-18.
"The Ashes has always been played over five Tests and we've got no plans to change that," said former England captain Strauss. "That's a case of 'if it ain't broke don't fix it'."
The first of England's three Tests against Sri Lanka begins at Headingley on Thursday, with that series followed by five one-day internationals and one Twenty20.
The four-Test series against Pakistan begins in July and is followed by the same amount of limited-overs matches.
Andrew Strauss will be appearing on Test Match Special during the lunch break on the first day of the England v Sri Lanka Test on Thursday.


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Question: Any plans to introduce a test for Down's syndrome within NHS maternity services in Wales need to be "carefully considered", a charity has said.

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Public Health Wales (PHW) has confirmed a project has been set up to "scope" non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).
The Down's Syndrome Association in Wales stressed that, although the elective test could better inform pregnant women, it is not diagnostic.
The Welsh Government said it would make an announcement "in due course".
NIPT is considered a safer, more accurate test for Down's syndrome, which reduces the risk of miscarriage.
It will be rolled out in England from 2018 following a recommendation by the UK National Screening Committee.
Calls have previously been made for the NHS in Wales to fund the test.
Julian Hallett, from the Down's Syndrome Association in Wales, said that, in order for women to obtain a confirmed pre-natal diagnosis, they would still need to undergo an invasive procedure.
He said there should be no rush to implement NIPT in Wales until NHS staff were ready to support women and explain the new choices for screening.
"The fact England are going ahead and Wales hasn't as yet, I don't see as problematic," he said.
"In some ways, I think if Wales looked to see how it's implemented in England, we can then reflect on what has been learnt.
"The Welsh Government will need to look at how health boards across Wales collect samples, where they will be tested and, crucially, midwifes and screening coordinators will need to be trained about the system and have up-to-date, balanced and accurate information about the conditions being tested for."
Mr Hallett also stressed the importance of health professionals, such as midwives and screening coordinators, being properly trained about the genetic condition.
"Those women who receive NIPT results will be placed in a position which may lead some to make a decision on whether they continue with their pregnancy. It's a life-changing decision," he said.
"Many parents report the information they get from health professionals is too negative.
"We want to be able to ensure they balance that by giving positive information about the condition and explain the increased opportunities for children and adults with Down's syndrome today."
He said it was also vital women have "rapid access" to appropriate counselling, so they can make an informed decision which is right for them.
Dr Sharon Hillier, acting director of PHW's screening division, said: "A project has been set up to scope and take this work forward for Wales, which has been led by Public Health Wales.
"The Wales Screening Committee recently considered options for the implementation of NIPT in Wales and advice for ministers is currently being prepared.
"The Welsh Government will make an announcement in due course and this will inform how this work will be taken forward in Wales."

Several Welsh organisations had called for boys to receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) jab to protect them from head and neck cancers.
The vaccine is already given to young girls to prevent cervical cancers.
But Mr Drakeford said he was waiting for advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI), which could take another two years.
Organisations, led by charity Tenovus Cancer Care, delivered a letter to the Welsh government in June calling for the vaccination to be rolled out.
In reply, Mr Drakeford said a "preliminary assessment" was due to be presented to the JCVI later this year, but added:  "It is anticipated that final advice will not be available for some time beyond this, possibly not until 2017."
The minister said: "I will await JCVI's recommendations and consider the implications for Wales of any proposed changes to the HPV vaccination programme."
Reacting to the letter, Jon Antoniazzi of Tenovus Cancer Care, said extending the vaccination programme to include boys should be "a matter of priority".


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Question: An East Yorkshire seaside town had its moment in the spotlight as a backdrop to scenes in the new Dad's Army film.

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Hundreds of residents appeared as extras in scenes shot in Bridlington's high street earlier.
The movie's production team transformed the Old Town into the fictional Walmington-on-Sea in the 1940s.
Cast members Bill Nighy, Toby Jones, Sir Tom Courteney and Sir Michael Gambon joined more than 300 extras to create a St George's Day parade.
Filming started last month and the cast has been spotted at various locations on the Yorkshire coast over the last few weeks.
The original TV show ran from 1968 to 1977, attracting 18 million viewers at its height.

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The 71st Edinburgh International Film Festival finished for another year on Sunday night with its closing gala.
A host of actors and directors from across the world attended the 12-day event.
Hollywood stars Kevin Bacon and his wife Kyra Sedgwick delighted fans by attending the international premiere of Sedgwick's directorial, Story of a Girl, about a teenage girl who struggles to deal with the fallout of a sex video which has gone viral.
Danny Huston also flew into Edinburgh from Hollywood for the world premiere of his latest film, The Last Photograph.
Huston directed and stars in the drama, about the owner of a London book shop who loses a photograph of him and his son, forcing him to address a terrible incident in Scotland that impacted on his life.
Multi-award winning American actor and director, Stanley Tucci, mingled with fans before the UK premiere of his latest film, Final Portrait.
Part of the Best of British strand of films this year was real-life drama Let Me Go, starring acclaimed British actress, Juliet Stevenson - best known for her roles in Bend It Like Beckham, Truly Madly Deeply and Mona Lisa Smile.
In the film, Stevenson plays Helga, who, having been abandoned by her mother in Poland during the war, is reunited with her in Vienna to confront the dark family secrets of their past.
The notorious past of Jimmy Boyle was featured in the retrospective screening of A Sense of Freedom (1979), attended by writer Peter McDougall and David Hayman, who played the infamous gangster in the film.
Dark psychological thriller, Kaleidoscope had its UK premiere screening.
In the film, which was written and directed by his brother Rupert, Toby Jones plays the tortured Carl, recently released from prison and trying to adjust to life on the outside.
Award-winning actress Georgie Henley was joined by half of Rizzle Kicks hip hop duo Jordan Stephens, and actress Ella Purnell for the world premiere of British teen road trip movie, Access All Areas.
Actress Trudie Styler, wife of Sting, made her directorial debut with coming-of-age comedy drama Freak Show, which had its UK premiere at the festival.
Richard E Grant first attended the Edinburgh International Festival in 1987 for the world premiere of Withnail and I.
This year he returned to attend a 30th anniversary screening of the film.  Despite being allergic to alcohol himself, Grant plays the title character, an unemployed alcoholic actor.
Hollywood film director Oliver Stone attended a 30th anniversary showing of Wall Street and talked about his glittering career in a Q&A session after the screening.
The triple Academy Award-winning director is also in town to receive an Honorary Degree from the University of Edinburgh.
The winner of the Michael Powell Award for Best British Feature Film went to British filmmaker Francis Lee's directorial debut, God's Own Country, which had been the opening film at the Festival.
The gay love story, set on a Yorkshire farm, stars Josh O'Connor and Alec Secareanu.


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Question: Crewe Alexandra striker Marcus Haber says that the threat of relegation from League One is helping the club's young players grow up fast.

Saturday's 2-0 win at home to Rochdale, their first in two months, followed three draws and they are now four points off safety in League One.
"Experiences like this will only make it a better experience for the young lads," Haber told BBC Radio Stoke.
"A lot of them are growing in maturity as the season goes on."
Having spent most of the season at the bottom of the table, Crewe now have the psychological tonic of seeing two others teams beneath them.
They need to climb two more places by season's end on 8 May to complete a third successive escape.
Haber admitted that a lesson learned from the last time they had found themselves two goals up, when they led 3-1 at half-time at Swindon last month, but lost 4-3, helped them against Rochdale.
"We thought back to Swindon," he said. "We've played some good stuff this season but at end of games we've switched off and given away a lot of points.
"We've given things away too often. We've not been good at closing games out. It's not so much about having ability, it's about having grit and playing smart. In sport, you have to grow up fast."
Crewe's ultimately comfortable victory was the first time they have scored more than once in a home league game since a 3-3 draw with Bury way back in August.
Brad Inman's fifth goal in as many games made him the club's joint top scorer alongside Ryan Colclough, who departed for Wigan Athletic on deadline day.
Next best is Haber, whose opener against Rochdale was his first league goal of the season at Gresty Road.
Apart from a goal he scored in the Johnstone's Paint Trophy, all his other strikes this season had been in away games.
On top of an upturn in results, Crewe have received a major off-field boost with club captain Harry Davis, the Alex manager's son, returning to training for the first time since injuring his knee at Walsall in September.
The 24-year-old now has a chance of being back in the side by the end of February.
"We'll have to take things steady with Harry and build up his fitness," said his father, Steve. "He has been out a few months and will need time. But we are confident he's on course to be available towards the end of the month."

The 20-year-old scored five goals in 14 League One games for Shrewsbury earlier this term after joining on a four-month youth loan from Palace in September.
And he has now hit a further four goals in three starts since returning to the relegation-threatened League One club.
"Tell me who's better than him in that Under-21 team?" asked Mellon.
"Look at the qualities he has. A young English talent who can score the kind of goals he has for us for so long now.
"He's exciting for the fans and he makes back fours bend with his pace, trickery, directness and his desire to score.
"And he works his socks off. He comes with Premier League standards because that's what he's used to, and it rubs off on everyone else."
Glaswegian Micky Mellon has a deserved reputation for talent-spotting, given the part he played in helping to shape Jamie Vardy's path to the top four years ago.
He signed him for Fleetwood Town on the cheap from FC Halifax in the summer of 2011 before moving him on to Leicester City the following summer, having scored 34 goals to fire the Cod Army into the Football League.
Now he believes that Kaikai, who scored on his only appearance to date for Palace - in the League Cup against Newcastle United in September 2014 - has a lot more to give.
"I want to see a successful England team, even as a Scotsman," added Mellon. "I want to see brilliant players playing for England and I can't believe he hasn't even had a whisper."
Sullay Kaikai's four goals in three starts - including both in the 2-2 draw at Bury last Saturday - mean that he is now Town's nine-goal top scorer.
And, having already helped the Town move eight points clear of trouble in League One, the on-loan South Londoner man admits it is a different Shrewsbury from the struggling, confidence-sapped side he joined earlier in the season.
"The team is now full of confidence," he told BBC Radio Shropshire.
"We go into every game feeling like we're going to win. We're creating lots of chances and it's just about taking them and getting the points.
"We just take each game as it comes and we don't want to get ahead of ourselves too soon. So we'll go into the next game with a winning mentality."


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Question: Wales Under-20 lock Adam Beard has been banned for nine weeks after being found guilty of reckless contact with an opponent's eye

represent Examples:
Provided: "['Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence', 'This is according to a study in which researchers played voice recordings to wild African elephants.\nThe animals showed more fear when they heard the voices of adult Masai men.\nLivestock-herding Masai people do come into conflict with elephants, and this suggests that animals have adapted to specifically listen for and avoid them.\nThe study is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.\nSource: BBC Nature\nWatch how elephants use mud as a sunblock\nProf Karen McComb and Dr Graeme Shannon from the University of Sussex, who led the study, explained that in previous research they had used similar playback experiments to reveal that elephants could tell - from the sound of a lion\'s roar - whether the animal was a female or a more dangerous male.\nOther studies have shown that elephants respond with fear to the scent and even to the red colour of the Masai clothing.\n"I\'ve experienced that," explained Prof McComb.\n"If you give a Masai man a lift in your car, you can see the elephants behave in a different way around you.\n"They\'re much more wary of the car and you see a lot of smelling and listening."\nProf McComb wanted to find out if the animals used their very acute sense of hearing to identify a potential threat from humans.\nThe scientists recorded Masai men, women and children saying, in their own language, "look, look over there, a group of elephants is coming".\nThey also recorded Kamba men saying this phrase.\nWhile cattle-herding Maasai people often encounter free-ranging elephants, which can result in violent conflict, the Kamba people\'s more agricultural lifestyle does not generally bring them into aggressive contact with the animals.\nWhen the team played recordings of these different voices through a camouflaged loudspeaker, they found that elephant family groups reacted more fearfully in response to the voice of a Masai man, than to a Kamba man\'s voice - retreating and bunching together defensively.\nAnd the adult male Masai voices triggered far more of these defensive reactions than the voices of women or boys.\nAn additional and unexpected finding was that when the researchers changed the pitch and frequency of the voices - making a male Masai voice sound more female - the elephants would still react in the same way as they did to the original recording.\n"That suggests they\'re using completely different cues [to us] in order to attribute gender," said Prof McComb.\nFrans van der Waal from the Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, a researcher and the author of several books on animal behaviour, wrote in an accompanying article in PNAS that this finding suggested we had "much to learn about how elephants make decisions".\nHe added in an interview with BBC News: "Making these kinds of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable."\nProf McComb said the research showed that elephants were "trying to adapt" to human threats.\n"Humans are undoubtedly the most dangerous and versatile predators the elephants are faced with these days," she said.\nProf de Waal added: "The more we understand about how elephants navigate their physical and social worlds, and how their behaviour continues to adapt to ever-changing threats, the better able we will be to effectively work to protect them in the wild."']" Match: "['represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details', 'Elephants are able to differentiate between ethnicities and genders, and can tell an adult from a child - all from the sound of a human voice.']"

Beard, 20, was cited after Wales' defeat against Ireland in the Junior World Championships in Manchester.
The Ospreys player was found guilty of reckless rather than deliberate contact, after denying the offence.
Beard will miss the rest of the Championship and the start of the Pro12 season.
He will be free to play again from 11 September.

Ward, 30, will face a disciplinary panel on Tuesday.
Quins lock James Horwill is also up on a striking charge over an incident that saw Sarries flanker George Kruis leave the field on a stretcher.
Meanwhile, Saracens prop Rhys Gill has been charged with making a dangerous tackle.
The Wales international was sent off for his second-half tackle on George Lowe.


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Question: Wales will face World Cup giant-killers Japan at the Principality Stadium on 19 November.

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Japan, who stunned two-time champions South Africa at the 2015 World Cup, will visit Cardiff during the Autumn Test series.
The Cherry Blossoms recorded a historic first win over Wales in Tokyo in June 2013.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Wales will also face Australia on 5 November, Argentina on 12 November and the Springboks on 26 November.
All four Tests will be live on BBC One Wales, S4C, Radio Wales, Radio Cymru and online.
"We are delighted that Wales rugby fans will be able to follow the excitement of the Autumn Internationals every step of the way on BBC Cymru Wales," said BBC Wales head of sport, Geoff Williams.
Wales won 72-18 the last time Japan visited Cardiff during the 2007 Rugby World Cup.
Wales v Australia, Saturday 5 November, Principality Stadium, 14.30 GMT
Wales v Argentina, Saturday 12 November, Principality Stadium, 17.30 GMT
Wales v Japan, Saturday 19 November, Principality Stadium, 14.30 GMT
Wales v South Africa, Saturday 26 November, Principality Stadium, 17.30 GMT

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Wales beat Scotland Women for the first time in more than a decade in the first of a three-Test series in Glasgow on Friday.
They achieved victory in the series thanks to Tina Evans, who scored the only goal of Sunday's second Test.
Wales will look to complete a clean sweep over their rivals is the final match on Monday, 29 May, 11:00 BST.
Find out how to get into hockey with our special guide.


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Question: A man has been charged following an attack with hatchets, bats, metal bars, knives and ammonia in Newcastle.

A group of 12 masked men in a white van attacked a man standing outside The Fosse pub on the Fossway, Walker, at about 16:20 GMT on 8 December.
He was taken to hospital with stab wounds and a fractured skull.
A man, 31, from Fenham has been charged with wounding with intent to commit GBH and violent disorder. He will appear at Newcastle Magistrates' Court later.
Police said a woman bystander was squirted with ammonia and needed hospital treatment.

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Three women were attacked between 6 and 10 February in Moseley and Kings Heath, West Midlands Police said.
The teenager, from Sparkhill, appeared at Birmingham Youth Court to admit conspiracy to commit robbery.
He has been remanded in custody and is due to be sentenced at Birmingham Crown Court on 27 February.
See more stories from across Birmingham and the Black Country here
The conspiracy charge also includes an incident on 10 February when two boys were stunned with a device during a robbery in which a mobile phone was stolen.
Earlier, police said two more teenagers have been arrested in connection with the attacks.
Both aged 16, the boys were arrested at their home addresses in Moseley and Balsall Heath on suspicion of conspiracy to rob.
A suitcase containing several sets of machetes, knives, hammers and mobile phones was found at one address, police said.


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Question: More than 30 lions rescued from circuses in Colombia and Peru have been flown to South Africa to start a new life in a sanctuary.

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Reporters said they appeared healthy but a little distressed after their long journey.
A circus surrendered some of the lions, while others were taken in raids.
The US-based group Animal Defenders International (ADI), which was behind the action, says almost all the lions have had teeth or claws removed.
They would not survive in the wild.
The lions are being transferred by land to the Emoya Big Cat Sanctuary, a 5,000-hectare reserve in northern South Africa. There, the lions will have drinking pools, platforms, toys and veterinary care.
"This is a hugely important rescue mission because it does make a statement around the world about the way people treat animals," ADI spokeswoman Jan Creamer said.
"These lions have suffered tremendously."
The first group of nine lions was collected in Colombia's capital Bogota on a cargo plane, which then flew to Peru's capital Lima to pick up 24 more animals.
"It will be hugely satisfying to see these lions walking into the African Bush," ADI Vice-President Tom Phillips was quoted as saying by the Associated Press news agency.
The lions were freed after the use of wild animals was banned in Peru in 2011 and Colombia in 2013.
The 5,000-hectare (12,355 acres)  Emoya Big Cat Sanctuary is on private land and already houses six other rescued lions and two tigers.
The lion habitats there would be steadily expanded over the coming months as the lions became familiar with their new life and were introduced to each other, said ADI.

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Animal Defenders International (ADI) which helped move 33 lions last year, including José and Liso, says it might offer a reward for information.
The lions' heads, skins, tails and feet were removed, prompting suspicions that they were killed for ritual purposes.
The crime is currently being investigated by South Africa's police and anti-poaching units.
ADI head Jan Creamer said she was heartbroken over the killings.
"José and Liso had suffered a terrible life of abuse but their new life in Africa had given them a new lease of life," the group said in a statement.
José had suffered brain damage from blows to the head in the circus, it said.
The lions had been living at the Emoya Big Cat Sanctuary, inside a 5,000-hectare private farm in the northern Limpopo province.
ADI says it has placed rescued animals in sanctuaries in South Africa for 21 years and this is the first such incident.


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Question: Plans have been published for a hydro-electricity turbine on the River Severn in Shrewsbury.

The scheme, led by community interest group Shrewsbury Hydro, has already attracted funding of more than £100,000 to carry out studies.
It hopes to generate about 1.7 million kilowatt hours of electricity from the site next to the weir.
A public consultation opened on Wednesday and is expected to run until the end of the month.
Shropshire Council is expected to make a decision on the planning application by the end of May.
Details have also been submitted to the Environment Agency.
Shrewsbury Hydro believe the electricity generated would be enough to power more than 350 homes and save the equivalent of 900 tonnes of CO2 a year.
The project is expected to cost £3m-£3.5m and be funded by selling community shares.

Developers St Francis Group submitted plans
 to Wyre Forest District Council for the Stourport Road site in April.
The first phase of the plans includes 200 homes, a care home, medical centre, hotel, shops and restaurants.
A spokesperson for the project, called Silverwoods, said building work is likely to start next year.
The second phase would include more homes and the construction of a link road in the town to the Worcester Road, the spokesperson said.
The developers bought the former sugar beet processing and production plant in 2006. British Sugar closed its Kidderminster operation in 2004.
All the buildings on the site have been knocked down apart from 70 metre (230ft) twin silos, which will soon be demolished.
The redevelopment is part of the South Kidderminster Enterprise Park.


Question: represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Nine-time Olympic champion Usain Bolt has won the IAAF male Athlete of the Year award for a record sixth time.

Ethiopia's Almaz Ayana, who broke the 10,000m world record by over 14 seconds in winning Olympic gold in Rio this summer, won the female award.
Bolt, 30, sealed the 'triple triple' in Rio, winning his third Olympic title in each of the 100m, 200m and 4x100m.
"It's definitely a big deal," said the Jamaican of the award he also won in 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013.
Bolt will retire next year, following the 2017 World Athletics Championships in London.
Media playback is not supported on this device
He added: "When you get to be athlete of the year it means that all the hard work has paid off, so if I can win it for a sixth year means as much as the first one."
Ayana, meanwhile, broke a record set 23 years earlier when she clocked 29 minutes 17.45 seconds in Rio.
The 25-year-old also won 5,000m bronze, and won the Diamond Race.
Canada's Andre de Grasse, the 22-year-old who won 200m silver and 100m bronze in Rio, was named male rising star, while Olympic heptathlon champion Nafissatou Thiam, 22, won the female award.
Harry Marra won the IAAF Coaching Achievement Award after guiding Ashton Eaton to a second Olympic decathlon gold and Brianne Theisen Eaton to heptathlon bronze.

The 33-year-old will go up against Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt and South Africa's 400m star Wayde van Niekerk.
The women's award is between Ethiopia's 10,000m champion Almaz Ayana, Jamaican sprinter Elaine Thompson and hammer thrower Anita Wlodarczyk from Poland.
The awards will be presented in Monaco on 2 December.
The three athletes in each category were shortlisted from an original list of 10 announced last month following a vote of representatives from all sections of the sport and members of the public.
Farah secured a historic 'double double' by retaining both his 5,000m and 10,000m Olympic titles in Rio.
Bolt sealed the 'triple triple' in Rio, winning his third Olympic title in the 100m, 200m and 4x100m relay while Van Niekerk became the first man to run sub-10 seconds for the 100m, sub-20 for the 200m and sub-44 for the 400m, breaking Michael Johnson's 17-year world record on his way to Olympic gold.
Paula Radcliffe, in 2002, was the last British athlete to win one of the IAAF's end-of-year awards while the last Briton to win the men's award was triple jumper Jonathan Edwards in 1995, the year in which he jumped 18.29m - still the world record.


Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Pictures have been released of a dead 15ft (5m) basking shark which washed up at Skelmorlie, North Ayrshire.

The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) said the fish, which weighed "a few tonnes" was found near the A78 Shore Road.
North Ayrshire Council was notified along with Largs Coastguard Rescue Team which photographed the shark.
Basking sharks can be up to 40ft long and are the largest fish found in British waters.
They are the second largest fish in the world, after the whale shark, according to the Shark Trust charity.
An MCA spokeswoman said: "This was reported to us by a member of the public in the evening of 23 January. The shark was dead when it washed up. It was 15ft long and weighed a few tonnes.
"North Ayrshire Council was contacted and we sent Largs Coastguard Rescue Team to confirm it. All relevant agencies were informed."

John Swancott and his wife Helen came across the 8ft (2.4m)-long fish while walking their dog at Freshwater East on Saturday morning.
Mr Swancott, 53, from Lamphey, said: "It must be about 8ft long and weigh between 150 and 200lbs.
"I couldn't believe there was a swordfish in our waters, it was amazing."
Ieuan Williams, of Milford Haven Coastguard, said: "It's a bit strange, it's not something we usually get in our waters. I'm not sure how it ended up here."
He said it was still quite fresh so could not have been there long.
In 2008, a swordfish washed up on a beach at Barry, in the Vale of Glamorgan.
Experts said at the time it was only the third known recorded sighting of the fish in Wales.
Douglas Herdson, from the National Marine Aquarium in Plymouth, said the first sighting was off Newport in 1905 and in 2003 one was stranded at Rhossili on Gower.
Swordfish are more typically found in in tropical and temperate parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details:

Question: Former Mansfield striker Ollie Palmer scored against his old side to secure a 1-0 win for Leyton Orient.

Palmer won the game when he met Lloyd James' header just after half-time.
That goal strike atoned for his earlier failure to tap into an open net in the first half after rounding Stags goalkeeper Scott Shearer.
Emmanuel Dieseruvwe also missed with the goal gaping at the other end when Orient's Alex Ciask failed to safely gather a cross.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

John Rooney's second half goal secured a 1-0 victory for the Dragons to ease the pressure on manager Gary Mills.
Lincoln also ended a run of three games without a win on Saturday when they beat Braintree Town 3-0 at home.
Wrexham beat Lincoln 3-1 in last season's corresponding fixture at the Racecourse.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Derbyshire all-rounder Alex Hughes has signed a new one-year contract.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

The 24-year-old was a regular in all formats last season, scoring his maiden first-class century and averaging 35 in the County Championship.
Hughes made 86 appearances in total during 2015, scoring 1,456 runs and taking 60 wickets in all competitions.
"Alex performed well across all three competitions, making several match-winning contributions," said elite performance director Graeme Welch.
"He's a versatile player who provides options with both bat and ball. It's important that he now kicks on and continues to perform to a high standard."

The 20-year-old opener made his debut for the Red Rose in August and hit his maiden century later that month at Old Trafford against Middlesex.
"It's a dream come true for me to play for Lancashire and I couldn't be happier," he said.
Jones will spend this winter in Australia playing grade cricket for South Perth.
He had previously been on a scholarship deal with Lancashire alongside 21-year-old bowler Danny Lamb, who has also agreed his first contract.


Question:
represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details
The query could be '['represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details\n\nExamples:\n\nGiven A DUP MLA has come under fire for a social media post in which he said Sinn Féin was not welcome in Rathfriland, a "unionist" County Down town. it matches with Jim Wells published the comment on Twitter on Monday morning, but has since deleted it.\nIt said: "Many complaints about Sinn Fein canvassing in Rathfriland yesterday.\n"They are not welcome in this Unionist town - particularly on a Sunday."\nSinn Féin\'s Westminster candidate Chris Hazzard said the party "will not be deterred by Jim Wells or anyone else" from canvassing across South Down.\n"Our message of equality, rights and Irish unity was well received during our canvas yesterday in Rathfriland."\nA spokesperson for the DUP said that "all parties have a right to canvass for votes".\n"We recognise, however, that many people value the special nature of Sunday and do not wish to have this intruded upon by political canvassers from any party."\nAndrew McMurray, the Alliance\'s Party South Down candidate, described the tweet as coming from an "outdated mindset".\n"While we have many political differences with Sinn Féin and it is understandable, some parties may not wish to canvass on Sunday, no election workers should be subject to this vitriol.\n"The outdated mindset which labels an entire area as having one particularly political viewpoint is disappointing, particularly from an elected representative.\n"While I welcome Mr Wells deleting this tweet, I also encourage him to distance himself from it and challenge his political opponents the same way everybody else does - through the democratic process."\nSDLP MLA Colin McGrath said: "There are no \'unionist\' or \'nationalist\' no-go areas.\n"Jim\'s comments are deeply divisive at a time when we should be uniting our communities."\nThe UUP has been contacted for a comment.\nAccording to the 2011 census, 38.54% of those living in Rathfriland are from a Catholic background and 56.82% are Protestant.\nA full list of candidates standing in South Down can be found here. but not with The papers report that two 19-year-olds are being questioned by police.\nMr Miskelly, who had been on a night-out on Saturday, was found dying on Bangor Road, Newtownards, early on Sunday morning following a suspected assault.\nParamedics were unable to save him\nThe Mirror quotes a childhood friend who said he was "a nice big fella" who "loved a good time".\nThe Telegraph cites a floral tribute left by Mr Miskelly\'s family, calling him their "one and only".\nTime is ticking by and we are down to the last few days before the polls open. Election fever is hotting up.\nThe Belfast Telegraph\'s front-page headline reads: "Fear of SF majority \'is hitting UUP vote.\'"\nIn what it bills an exclusive, the paper says voters are abandoning the Ulster Unionists to back the DUP over fears that Sinn Féin could become the biggest party at Stormont.\nVeteran councillor Jim Rodgers claims "project fear" over Sinn Féin topping the poll is costing the UUP votes.\nHowever, Councillor Alex Baird says there is no evidence in his constituency of people switching parties.\nThe Irish News leads with the story that a unionist-dominated council could be risking £2.5m European funding because it has refused to include nationalist politicians on a committee.\nThe paper reports that Lisburn & Castlereagh\'s committee is made up of eight unionist and two Alliance councillors but none of the council\'s four SDLP representatives feature.\nThe Irish News says a letter sent by the Special EU Programmes Body to the council reveals that the council turned down a request to expand its political representation to "fully reflect the spirit of the objectives of the Peace Programme".\nThe paper quotes Sinn Féin finance minister Máirtín Ó Muilleoir who says that the council\'s "refusal to include both political traditions in its partnership is completely unacceptable".\nSDLP councillor Pat Catney calls the council\'s position "an absolute disgrace".\nIt means funding of £2.5m for children and children\'s services is being stalled, he said, putting the blame firmly with the DUP.\nThe council said it was considering matters and working to find a solution.\nThe News Letter is also well and truly in election mode.\nIt leads with a call from Mervyn Gibson, grand secretary of the Orange Order, for fresh legislation surrounding parading.\nThe issue of parades needs to be part of any talks following the election, Rev Gibson tells the paper.\nHe claims the law, as it stands, is "fundamentally flawed and biased against parades".\nThe Telegraph also features the story of a Sinn Féin Strictly show featuring the dance moves of north Belfast MLA Gerry Kelly and his wife to the strains of Roxanne by the Police.\nThe paper says that at one point, Mr Kelly and Paul Maskey took to the stage in fancy dress to perform to Elton John\'s Crocodile Rock - a joke inspired by DUP leader Arlene Foster\'s dismissal of Sinn Féin\'s demand for an Irish language Act.\n"If you feed the crocodile it will keep coming back for more," she said.\nAnd finally, the Irish News reports on new "Dead Interesting" tours at Dublin\'s Glasnevin ceremony.\nYou can hear the story of the woman who died once, but was buried twice and you can stand at the grave of the last Irish winner at Wimbledon.\nThere is also the chance to pay your respects to one Frank de Groot.\nHe dramatically cut the ribbon and opened Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1932... the only problem was that he was not meant to do so.', 'It looks comical - a remote controlled car zipping around a penguin colony dodging irritated snaps from the birds.']' and should be close to '['', 'But using the diminutive vehicle to study penguins, researchers have found, has has much less impact on their behaviour than being approached by a human.\nScientists say the unusual approach provides "a less invasive and stressful way to collect data on these species".\nThese findings are published in the journal Nature Methods.\nIn part of their study, the researchers even disguised one rover as a penguin chick in order to access a colony of notoriously nervous emperor penguins.\nDr Yvon Le Maho from the National Centre for Scientific Research in Strasbourg, France, led the study. He first decided to test the rover after he found that traditional flipper tags compromised the health of penguins.\nTo avoid these "unethical" flipper tags, the researchers began using tiny transponders - tags implanted under the birds\' skin - to monitor a colony of king penguins on Possession Island in the South Indian Ocean.\nBut - just like the microchips often used to "identichip" pets - reading data from these tags requires them to be scanned up close using a receiver.\n"I wondered if it might be possible to use a technological device to do this, and I thought about a rover," Dr Le Maho told BBC News.\nHe and his colleagues measured penguins\' heart rates when the vehicle approached and when a human researcher approached.\n"There was a very high increase in heart rate with the human -  much more than in a rover," he explained.\nThis reaction to people is exacerbated by the fact that, when the birds are incubating eggs, "they won\'t move".\nThe approach of the little vehicle certainly seemed to irritate the birds, which - as footage revealed -  waited until the rover came close, then lunged and snapped with their beaks and flippers.\n"But when the rover stops, even within the territory of the birds, they don\'t pay any attention to it," said Dr Le Maho.\nIn fact when the team measured the increase in the birds\' heart rate when the rover approached, the found it was about the same as when another bird passed by.\n"It\'s very much higher when a person [approaches]," said Dr Le Maho\n"Even if the human is motionless, they still have a very high heart rate. And [it only returns to normal] more than five minutes after the human has left."\nIn the second part of their research, Dr Le Maho and his colleagues wanted to see if they could use their rover to study the very shy emperor penguin.\n"Emperors huddle together, because they have no [other] territorial defence," the scientist explained. "So when they see the rover approaching, they get very stressed.\n"So we thought, what if you camouflage the rover - disguise it as a chick."\nThe researchers worked with the team of nature filmmakers, who produced the penguin documentary Spy in the Huddle.\nThis resulted in an even more a comical-looking rover, with a fake chick sitting on top, which the researchers used to infiltrate the colony.\nBut the disguise was effective; the emperor penguins allowed the rover to approach close enough to read their tags. Some birds even interacted with it - vocalising at the fake chick.\n"Scientists do not generally speak about disturbance they cause," Dr Le Maho told BBC News.\n"But I have always been very concerned with that - it relates to both science and ethics."\nFollow Victoria on Twitter']' but very far from '['This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article', "A cub escapes deep snow by hitching a ride on its mother's backside in Wapusk National Park, Manitoba, Canada.\nTaken by Daisy Gilardini, from Switzerland, the photo is one of 25 shortlisted for the People's Choice Award in the latest Wildlife Photographer of the Year Competition - on show now at the Natural History Museum in London.\nScroll down to see all 25 images, pre-selected by the museum from almost 50,000 submissions from 95 countries.\nA mother's hand\nAlain Mafart Renodier, France\nAlain Mafart Renodier was on a winter visit to Japan's Jigokudani Snow Monkey Park when he took this photograph of a sleeping baby Japanese macaque, its mother's hand covering its head protectively.\nOpportunistic croc\nBence Mate, Hungary\nAlthough this shot was taken from a safe hide, Bence Mate says it was chilling to see the killing eyes of this 4m (13ft) Nile crocodile. This one had been baited with natural carcasses on an island in the Zimanga Private Game Reserve, South Africa, but crocodiles also come here just to bask in the Sun.\nThe stare of death\nJohan Kloppers, South Africa\nJohan Kloppers saw this little wildebeest shortly after it was born in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, South Africa. Little did he know that he would witness its death later that same day. The small herd of wildebeest walked right past a pride of lions, and the calf was caught by a lioness and then taken by this male lion.\nMonkey ball\nThomas Kokta, Germany\nCold temperatures on Shodoshima Island, Japan, sometimes lead to monkey balls, where a group of five or more snow monkeys huddle together to keep warm. Thomas Kokta climbed a tree to get this image.\nFacing the storm\nGunther Riehle, Germany\nGunther Riehle arrived at the sea-ice in Antarctica in sunshine, but by the evening a storm had picked up - and then came snow. He concentrated on taking images of the emperor penguin chicks huddled together to shield themselves.\nGhostly snow geese\nGordon Illg, US\nThese snow geese almost seemed like ghosts in the pink early morning light as they landed among sandhill cranes in the Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, US.\nSisters\nBernd Wasiolka, Germany\nBernd Wasiolka encountered a large lion pride at a waterhole in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, South Africa. One of the two males spray-marked the branches of a nearby tree. Later two females sniffed the markings and for a brief moment both adopted the same posture.\nInto the fray\nStephen Belcher, New Zealand\nStephen Belcher spent a week photographing golden snub-nosed monkeys in a valley in the Zhouzhi Nature Reserve in the Qinling Mountains, China. The monkeys have very thick fur, which they need to withstand the freezing nights in winter. This image shows two males about to fight, one already up on a rock, the other bounding in with a young male.\nHead-on\nTapio Kaisla, Finland\nTapio Kaisla took a trip to Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjell National Park, Norway, to find these oxen in their natural habitat. Even though spring is not rutting season for these animals, they were already seriously testing their strength against each other. The air rang out with the loud bang of the head-on collision.\nColorado red\nAnnie Katz, US\nIt was a crisp, clear day in January when Annie Katz saw this Colorado red fox hunting in her neighbour's field in Aspen, Colorado, US. The light was perfect, and she took the photo as the fox approached her, looking right into the lens of her camera.\nThe couple\nSergio Sarta, Italy\nDuring a dive off the coast of Tulamben, Bali, Indonesia, Sergio Sarta saw a bright-coloured organism - a fire urchin with an elegant couple of little Coleman shrimps. The fire urchin has quills that are very toxic to humans - the shrimps avoid this danger by seeking out safe areas between the quills.\nJelly starburst\nAndrea Marshall, US\nAndrea Marshall was snorkelling off the coast of Mozambique when she came across hundreds of large jelly-fish. Many were covered with brittle stars - opportunistic riders, taking advantage of this transport system to disperse along the coast. Delicate lighting makes the jelly glow, so the viewer can focus on the subtle colours and textures.\nThe stand-off\nMichael Lambie, Canada\nIt was breeding season and all the male turkeys were putting on a show for the females, but a number of birds seemed a little confused. This one was more concerned with the potential suitor in front of it, not realising it was its own reflection.\nInto the night\nKarine Aigner, US\nDuring the summer months, 20 million Mexican free-tailed bats arrive at Bracken Cave in San Antonio, Texas, US, to give birth and raise their young. Each evening at dusk, the hungry mothers emerge into the night in a vortex, circling out through the entrance and rising into the sky to feed on insects.\nWillow up close\nDavid Maitland, UK\nDavid Maitland photographed the crystallised chemical salicin, which comes from willow tree bark. Salicin forms the basis of the analgesic Aspirin - no doubt this is why some animals seek out willow bark to chew on.\nThe blue trail\nMario Cea, Spain\nThe kingfisher frequented this natural pond every day, and Mario Cea used a high shutter speed with artificial light to photograph it. He used several units of flash for the kingfisher and a continuous light to capture the wake as the bird dived down towards the water.\nEye in focus\nAlly McDowell, US/UK\nAlly McDowell often focuses on colours and patterns underwater - and this is the eye of a parrotfish during a night dive.\nSpiral\nMarco Gargiulo, Italy\nSabella spallanzanii is a species of marine polychaete, also known as a bristle worm. The worm secretes mucus that hardens to form a stiff, sandy tube that protrudes from the sand. It has two layers of feeding tentacles that can be retracted into the tube, and one of the layers forms a distinct spiral.\nEye contact\nGuy Edwardes, UK\nThe Dalmatian pelican, seen here on Lake Kerkini, Greece, is the largest species of pelican in the world. It is native to eastern Europe, Russia and Asia. However, its population is currently threatened in some areas from hunting, water pollution and habitat loss, particularly a decline in wetlands.\nConfusion\nRudi Hulshof, South Africa\nRudi Hulshof wanted to capture the uncertainty of the future of the southern white rhino in the Welgevonden Game Reserve, South Africa, because of poaching. He anticipated the moment when these two rhinos would walk past each other, creating this silhouette effect and the illusion of a two-headed rhino.\nTasty delicacy\nCristobal Serrano, Spain\nThe natural world provides countless magical moments, none more so than the delicate moment a tiny, elegant hummingbird softly inserts its slender bill into the corolla of a flower to drink nectar. Cristobal Serrano was lucky enough to capture that exact moment in Los Quetzales National Park, Costa Rica.\nBreakfast time\nCari Hill, New Zealand\nShortly after purchasing the Giraffe Manor in Nairobi, Kenya, the owners learned that the only remaining Rothschild's giraffes in the country were at risk, as their sole habitat was being subdivided into smallholdings. So they began a breeding programme to reintroduce the Rothschild's giraffe into the wild. Today, guests can enjoy visits from resident giraffes in search of a treat.\nCaterpillar curl\nReinhold Schrank, Austria\nReinhold Schrank was at Lake Kerkini, Greece, taking pictures of birds, but the conditions were not ideal, so he looked for other options. He saw this caterpillar on a flower and encouraged it on to a piece of rolled dry straw. He had to work fast because the caterpillar was constantly moving.\nRainbow wings\nVictor Tyakht, Russia\nThe bird's wing acts as a diffraction grating - a surface structure with a repeating pattern of ridges or slits. The structure causes the incoming light rays to spread out, bend and split into spectral colours, producing this shimmering rainbow effect.\nVote for the People's Choice Award here before 10 January 2017.\nThe exhibition runs until 10 September 2017.\nTop image: Hitching a ride - by Daisy Gilardini, Switzerland.\nA female polar bear and her cub in Wapusk National Park, Manitoba, Canada."]'

Question: Record-breaking Challenger II is up for sale - three years after it was rescued from a Majorcan shipyard.

Dan Stevens restored the 72ft (22m) boat at his Plymouth boatyard after he spotted it languishing on the Mediterranean island.
The revamped vessel, used by Virgin boss Sir Richard Branson to set his 1986 Atlantic crossing record, carries an asking price of £725,000.
Mr Stevens said his main concern was finding a "good home".
"I have done my bit and saved it," he said, adding he would make only a "small amount of money" from the sale.
Sir Richard,  who revisited the restored boat in 2013, tweeted: "My old record-breaking boat, Virgin Atlantic Challenger II is up for sale. Fancy an adventure?"
In a statement on his website, he said: "I love Challenger II not only because it is a beautiful boat, but as it gave us a platform to challenge ourselves, push boundaries and embrace the spirit of adventure.
"I hope whoever buys it is keen for more explorations on the high seas."
Challenger II was sold in the late 1980s, reportedly to a sultan and later to an English owner, and spent about seven years moored in Majorca until Mr Stevens bought her.
Mr Stevens said he had spent about £400,000 restoring the boat after buying it for a "couple of hundred thousand pounds".
He said: "I have put a lot of blood and sweat into doing the refit.
"But it is now time for me to move it on.
"It is not about the money, it's about finding someone who is sensitive about the boat.
"I would like to see it remain in the UK."

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

A pontoon barge supporting The City of Adelaide was towed from the Scottish Maritime Museum at Irvine on Friday.
The ship has been there since it was salvaged in 1992, after sinking the previous year in Glasgow's River Clyde.
The Adelaide was built in Sunderland in 1864. Its new Australian owners are having it towed to London, where a cargo ship will take it to Adelaide.
The planned start of the journey had been delayed from last week following adverse weather conditions in Ayrshire.
The pontoon supporting The Adelaide is now being towed out into the Irish Sea.
Over the next seven to 10 days, it will travel round the tip of Cornwall and up into the River Thames.
The historic clipper will then be loaded onto a cargo ship for its final journey to Australia.
The City of Adelaide was built on the River Wear to carry people emigrating to southern Australia.
In 1893 it became a hospital ship, but in 1924 was converted into a training ship at Irvine, and renamed HMS Carrick.
In 1991 the ship sank at the Princes Dock, Glasgow, and lay on the bottom of the River Clyde for a year before being raised and taken to Irvine.
For years, it lay rotting on a slipway at the Scottish Maritime Museum, with the cost of repairs put in excess of ??10m.
A rescue campaign mounted by rival consortiums from Adelaide and Sunderland saw the Australian group win the bid for ownership.
It formally took control of the Adelaide two weeks ago.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko may have accidentally killed himself after handling radioactive material, a key suspect in his death has said.

Businessman Dimitri Kovtun told a news conference in Moscow he thought the death was "suicide by negligence".
Mr Litvinenko, 43, died three weeks after drinking tea laced with the radioactive substance polonium-210.
English prosecutors suspect Mr Kovtun and Andrei Lugovoi of poisoning him at a London hotel in November 2006.
Before he died, Mr Litvinenko - a former officer with the Federal Security Service (FSB), the successor to the KGB - accused Russian president Vladimir Putin of ordering his assassination. The claims were denied by the Kremlin.
However, speaking at a news conference in Moscow, Mr Kovtun said he believed Mr Litvinenko may have poisoned himself.
"I am more than sure that he dealt with polonium without knowing it," the Russian news agency Interfax reported him saying.
"Maybe it was leaking and polonium accumulated in his body gradually. It is possible that something he carried with him led to a gradual accumulation of polonium in the body," he added.
Mr Kovtun and former KGB bodyguard Mr Lugovoi have denied any involvement and have remained in Russia, despite an ongoing public inquiry into Mr Litvinenko's death.
Sir Ken Macdonald, who was then director of public prosecutions, had recommended in May 2007 that Mr Lugovoi should be charged with the murder of Mr Litvinenko.
Last month, Mr Kovtun offered to give evidence to the inquiry, at the Royal Courts of Justice in London, via video link.
Inquiry chairman Sir Robert Owen said he would grant Mr Kovtun "core participant" status to give evidence, if he met a number of conditions - including the provision of a witness statement and any relevant evidence.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Russian MP Andrei Lugovoi told a Moscow press conference he could not receive "justice" in Britain.
Mr Litvinenko, 43, died in 2006 after he was poisoned with polonium-210 while drinking tea at a London meeting.
A pre-inquest review heard he was working alongside Spanish spies for MI6 in the days before his death.
Russia has refused to extradite Mr Lugovoi to the UK for questioning. He has also denied any involvement.
It was thought he might have provided video-link evidence to the inquest in London.
But a spokesman for the inquest said: "It is too early to say whether Mr Lugovoi will be called to give evidence and, if he is, how it would be given."
Mr Lugovoi reportedly told the press conference, which was hosted by the Russian news agency, Interfax: "I have no hope to get justice in the UK. I finally lost faith in the possibility of an impartial investigation of the case...
By Steven RosenbergBBC News
Andrei Lugovoi was almost mocking in his criticism of Scotland Yard and the British government at the press conference. He condemned the 'politicised fantasy of London detectives' who had written 'drivel' in their report into Alexander Litvinenko's death.
The last hitmen the Russian state had despatched abroad to murder political opponents had been, he said, in Stalin's time.
Mr Lugovoi presented himself as totally innocent, a crusader for transparency and justice. He was even prepared, he said, to travel to London - but, crucially, only after the accusations against him are dropped. Lugovoi knows they won't be, so a trip to Britain in the near future seems out of the question.
Russia has refused to extradite him. What's more, Moscow has given the distinct impression it has been trying to protect him.
A year after Alexander Litvinenko's death, Mr Lugovoi was included in the party list of a Russian nationalist party. He was duly elected to the State Duma and received parliamentary immunity from prosecution.
"I have to say that I'm out of the coroner's investigation and I will not participate in it."
It has been claimed that Lugovoi and another former KGB agent, Dmitry Kovtun, poisoned Mr Litvinenko at the Millennium Hotel in London's Grosvenor Square.
The inquest is due to formally open on 1 May.
Last month, coroner Sir Robert Owen ruled that sensitive evidence alleged to expose Mr Litvinenko's ties to MI6 will be examined in secret.
He has said he will examine what was known of threats to Mr Litvinenko's life and also whether the Russian state was responsible for his death.
He has also agreed that a group representing Russian state prosecutors can be accepted as a party to the inquest process, which would allow it to cross-examine witnesses and examine evidence.
British Government documents that implied Russia was behind the 43-year-old's death were also revealed. Moscow has denied any involvement.
Sir Robert will also hold a hearing on Thursday, in which he will hear applications for anonymity of witnesses and will consider submissions on the inquest timetable.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: All photographs courtesy Panos Pictures.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

To mark the United Nations Day of Anti-Bullying, the Internet Society and Panos Pictures asked young people around the world what their dream internet would look like.
"The internet needs to feel more like chatting in a bar," said Adela Goberna, 23, a newly qualified lawyer and co-founder of the Internet Society's Youth Special Interest Group.
"You need to be able to say, 'OK, our opinions are different but I respect what you're saying and I'm getting something from this conversation.' And I think that type of conversation makes people much more relaxed and willing to speak."
Ayu 'Ulya is a 25-year-old teacher and game designer from Banda Aceh, Indonesia.  Her game, called Cempala: Prime Numbers, teaches students mathematics while also talking about ecology and Indonesian heritage.
"We need to share and preserve culture through the internet. We have to be open-minded and think outside our boxes. We have to think creatively.
"Because I'm staying in a corner of Indonesia, and am far away from Western culture, it doesn't mean I can't learn about it. I can learn everything from internet, think and compare. Take the good things and throw out the bad things."
"My role is to create ways that governments, businesses, and people can talk to each other to make the internet better in the Philippines," said Benjz Gerard Sevilla, part of the Internet Engineering Taskforce, a group whose mission it is to make the internet work better.
"It's not a silver bullet, but it's about making sure there's content and there's equitable access to it."
Elif Sert is a 22-year-old law student and blogger living in Istanbul.
"You can share your love on the internet. I can just go to the Philippines, buy my tickets, meet people on couchsurfing.com and go. This makes me feel alive and makes me feel like a world citizen. It allows me to have friends everywhere."
Balpreet Kaur, 22, is in her last year of International Development at Ohio State University in Columbus.
In 2012, a post on Reddit mocked her appearance, but rather than getting angry, she posted a response talking about the importance of her Sikh faith and provoking a thoughtful discussion of how we treat strangers.  Her response went viral and sparked an incredible discussion about the power of positivity online.
"There's nothing special in what I did. We all have that capacity," said Kaur.
"And so to label one person as inspiring and the other person as not so inspiring, it's kind of difficult for me to reconcile. If there are parts of me that are inspiring, then I'll take it.
"I'm glad that even if I don't intentionally want to inspire you, there's something in me that you see that is inspiring, and that inspires me that you're seeing this."
The Internet Society and Panos Pictures are using the tag #dreamInternet and would like to hear your views and stories to inspire others.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

17 April 2016 Last updated at 09:51 BST
Take a look at how they did it.
Pictures courtesy of European Tour.


Question: Northern Ireland joined England and Wales in the last 16 of the European Championship after finishing as one of the best third-placed teams.

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Northern Ireland - in their first appearance at a Euros and first major tournament since 1986 - will now meet either Wales or France for a place in the quarter-finals.
Michael O'Neill's side lost 1-0 to Germany on Tuesday but finished third in Group C, with their tally of three points enough to see them advance on goal difference.
Turkey's 2-0 victory against the Czech Republic ensured that Northern Ireland will be one of the four best third-placed teams who will go on to join the group winners and runners-up in the knockout stages.
A tie against Wales would take place on Saturday (kick-off 17:00 BST) in Paris, or they will play France in Lyon on Sunday (14:00).
The Republic of Ireland will qualify for the last 16 if they beat Italy on Wednesday (20:00 BST).
Italy, who are already through to the next round for a last-16 meeting with holders Spain, are set to make "between seven and nine" changes for the game, according to boss Antonio Conte.
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"It's surreal," O'Neill told BBC Radio 5 live. "We were just on the coach so have been following on the BBC website. I'm not sure it's really sunk in yet, but it's a fantastic achievement.
"We knew the group would be difficult. What we saw tonight was a team that refused to be beaten by a big margin and did everything possible to stay in the game.
"Over the three games we deserve to be in the last 16. What we went through tonight will prepare us for anything in the next round and our players will be ready for whoever."
Asked whether he would rather face Wales or France, O'Neill added: "If I was picking a team I thought we had a better chance against I would say Wales, but we'll see who comes out after the final group games on Wednesday."
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Wales now know that they will either play Northern Ireland, Turkey or Albania.
Roy Hodgson's England side play their last-16 match on Monday at 20:00 BST against the side that finishes second in Group F.
By failing to finish top of Group B, England now find themselves in the same side of the draw as Spain, Italy, Germany, France and, potentially, Portugal.
Wales' reward for finishing in first place is an apparently kinder route through the tournament.
Switzerland, Poland and Croatia are in their side of the draw and could be joined by Belgium and Portugal if they both qualify from their respective groups. Belgium face Sweden in Group E on Wednesday, while Portugal play Hungary in Group F.
Defending champions Spain lost for the first time at a European Championship since 2004 when they were beaten 2-1 by Croatia on Tuesday.
They will face Italy in the last 16 and, like England, will have to come through a tough side of the draw to reach the final.
Group A: France and Switzerland
Group B: Wales and England
Group C: Germany and Poland
Group D: Croatia and Spain
Group E: Italy
Group F: Hungary
Best third-placed teams: Slovakia and Northern Ireland
A further two best third-placed spots are still available for the last-16 stage, with Albania clinging on having gained three points in Group A.
Two further places are still up for grabs in Groups E and F who play their final group matches on Wednesday.
Romania, Russia and the Czech Republic managed just one point each and Ukraine failed to collect a goal or a point.

The 23-year-old Arsenal player also missed the 7-0 win against the Serbians at Adams Park on Saturday.
England are a point behind Group Seven leaders Belgium with a game in hand.
Victory in Stara Pazova on Tuesday would move Mark Sampson's side above Belgium at the top of the table and secure a runners-up spot at least for next year's finals in the Netherlands.
The eight group winners and the six best runners-up will join the hosts in an expanded 16-team event.
The other two runners-up will play off in October 2016 for the remaining spot.
England and Belgium meet in the final round of group games on 20 September.


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Question: David Haye says his comeback could last only one fight if his efforts do not give him the confidence needed to become a world champion again.

The 35-year-old faces Australia's Mark de Mori on Saturday in his first fight for three-and-a-half years.
Haye said: "I'm not going to do this if I don't believe I can win that title."
He won the WBA heavyweight title in 2009, lost his belt two years later to Ukraine's Wladimir Klitschko and retired in 2013 with a shoulder injury.
The British fighter weighed in at a career heaviest 16st 3lb 5oz on Friday against De Mori's 17st 5lb 8oz.
Haye's last fight saw him beat fellow Briton Dereck Chisora at Upton Park in 2012.
Haye, who is expected to beat De Mori, 33, said: "If I'm in there and it feels so far away from me then that will be a consideration [to retire again], even if I win the fight.
"Unless I'm 100 per cent confident I can beat somebody, and become world champion, there's no point getting in the ring."
Haye said he would know if his abilities were on the wane, and added: "I've boxed for long enough to know that if I'm getting hit with shots I don't normally get hit with. That's a tell-tale sign."

American Martin, 29, has won 23 and drawn one of his 24 fights and beat Vyacheslav Glazkov for the vacant IBF belt in January.
Joshua, 26, most recently beat Dillian Whyte with a seventh-round knockout to claim the British heavyweight title.
The Olympic champion has 15 knockouts from 15 professional fights.
Tyson Fury was stripped of the IBF title after he opted for a rematch against Glazkov's Ukrainian compatriot Wladimir Klitschko, who he beat in November, rather than face the mandatory challenger.
On 10 February, Fury named Martin alongside WBC title-holder Deontay Wilder and Klitschko as three boxers he wanted to fight in 2016.
Fury, who holds the WBA and WBO belts, has threatened to quit boxing but is set to face Klitschko in a mandatory rematch in May or June.
Prior to the Whyte fight, Joshua had recorded 14 straight knockouts in the first three rounds.
Over his 15 bouts, he has accrued only 32 rounds of experience, seven of which came against Whyte.
"Fighting for the heavyweight world title has been a dream of mine since I turned professional," said Joshua, who won gold at the London Olympics.
"I feel privileged to have the opportunity to turn that dream into reality. Martin is a great fighter and a hungry competitor so I am going to have to produce the performance of my career to claim that belt."
The fight will be Martin's first bout outside of the US and he has threatened to "knock out" Joshua.
He said: "I'm coming to the UK to make a statement that I am the best heavyweight in the world and no-one is taking my title.
"I'm world champion, so that doesn't mean just sit back and make easy defences in the US. It means facing the biggest challenges out there."


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Question: Transport Minister Humza Yousaf has said it is "crass" to suggest ScotRail boss Phil Verster left his job due to a row over a discount scheme.

Mr Verster took a new job two days after telling MSPs that funding had not yet been agreed for a planned "free week" for rail passengers.
Lib Dem Mike Rumbles said there was "obviously a disagreement" over funds.
But Mr Yousaf said it was "absolutely unfair" and "crass" to suggest Mr Verster had left over the issue.
He denied there had been a disagreement over who would pay for the £3m passenger discount scheme, insisting funding was "absolutely in place".
The transport minister also announced further details about the scheme, which will offer free travel to regular passengers at some point in the summer.
Mr Verster appeared before the rural economy committee earlier in the month, shortly before it emerged he was moving to a new job managing a rail project linking Oxford and Cambridge.
At that stage, Mr Verster told MSPs he "couldn't vouch for whether the scheme goes ahead or not", saying he would "prefer not to commit to a position yet".
He said talks were ongoing about how to fund the scheme, with the Scottish government suggesting the use of £1.8m from the Service Quality Incentive Regime (Squire) railway improvement fund, which he said was controlled by Abellio ScotRail alliance and built up through fines and penalties imposed for delays and other infractions.
Mr Yousaf was also meant to appear that morning, but was unable to do so due to ill health - although he was at Holyrood to take part in a vote later that same day.
In the rearranged session, he told MSPs that Mr Verster had been "speaking from memory" and probably did not have "a photographic memory of the contract in his head".
Mr Rumbles said Mr Verster had been "quite clear" about the funding position.
The Lib Dem MSP said: "He said the contractual position is that the decision about where to invest the Squire fund rests with Abellio ScotRail, not with the Scottish government. And this £1,8m he said he had 'not agreed to', and then 48 hours later he resigns.
"And now you're coming to the committee to say 'we have the funding already in place'. This is a serious point."
Mr Yousaf replied: "The insinuation is an absolutely incorrect one. It's absolutely unfair to make a suggestion that after Phil Verster's coming to committee, that somehow he resigned because of that. That's the insinuation you were making - an absolutely incorrect one, an absolutely false one to have made, and frankly a crass one.
"When it comes to spending Squire money, generally ScotRail will come with propositions but it will be a discussion with Transport Scotland and Scottish ministers, and they will come to an agreement on where to spend that money."
Mr Rumbles said there was "obviously a disagreement", given the opposing positions Mr Verster and Mr Yousaf had set out to members.
Mr Yousaf said: "There's not a disagreement. If you read Phil's remarks he said he was working from memory. I don't imagine Phil has a photographic memory of the contract in his head - he was working from memory."
Mr Rumbles said: "So he was obviously wrong when he said it was his decision and not yours?"
The minister said he would be happy to write to the committee with details of the contractual position.
During the session, Mr Yousaf announced further details of the "free week" scheme, which is intended to thank passenger for their patience after a series of disruptions to services.
The plans are that:
The government said a "further offer for leisure passengers" was "in the pipeline for later in the year".
Details of how the process will work and how people can claim their free week will be announced in due course.
Cathy Craig, commercial director of the ScotRail Alliance, said: "We are pleased to be contributing £1.8m of Squire funds for this significant benefit for passengers.
"This is a sincere token of our appreciation for their patience and understanding as we progress one of the biggest infrastructure improvements for Scotland's Railway since Victorian times.
"We are now putting the finishing touches to the process that will enable our customers to claim their free rail travel quickly and easily."

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The latest National Rail Passenger Satisfaction (NRPS) figures showed that 83% of those surveyed said they were satisfied with their ScotRail journey.
This was four percentage points lower than the previous survey last June, and seven points lower than a year ago.
The figure for the UK as a whole in the most recent survey was 81%.
The fieldwork for the survey, carried out by Transport Focus, was conducted between September and November 2016.
Transport Minister Humza Yousaf said he was "disappointed" by the survey results, but said ScotRail's improvement plan was "delivering some results".
It was the first to be carried out following the five month closure of the upper platforms at Queen Street Station and last summer's industrial action by RMT union members.
ScotRail Alliance Managing Director Phil Verster - who announced last week that he will be leaving his post - said the rail operator was disappointed that its satisfaction figures had not increased.
Mr Verster added: "However, they come on the back of a difficult year for our customers. Operating a busy and complicated network is challenging at the best of times - and we are doing so during one of the largest investments in modernisation since Scotland's railway was built in Victorian times.
"There is no alternative, though, to doing the work.
"The decision to invest in the railway's future has been put off too many times and it is in the best long term interests of passengers that we get on and do it. It is then our job to do whatever we can to keep people moving during this work and to better communicate when things go wrong and explain why they go wrong."
The work at Queen Street followed on from a similar project at Winchburgh Tunnel, and is part of the multi-billion pound investment in Scotland's railway network.
It also includes the electrification of the line between Glasgow and Edinburgh, similar work on the Shotts line, electrification of the line between Stirling, Dunblane and Alloa and a major upgrade of the line between Aberdeen and Inverness.
There were also several large-scale incidents during the survey period - including a major one at Princes Street Gardens in Edinburgh that caused widespread disruption.
Transport Focus chief executive Anthony Smith said: "The results around the country are disappointing. Scottish passengers and those travelling in peak hours in London and the south east are bearing the brunt of poor performance.
"The timetable on parts of the London and South East's railway can be a work of fiction which passengers cannot rely on. As passenger numbers rise, parts of the rail network will remain brittle until welcome improvements are in place and working."
Last November, Transport Minister Humza Yousaf apologised to ScotRail passengers following criticism of ScotRail's reliability since Abellio took over the contract in April 2015.
Mr Yousaf, who also suggested rail services could be taken into the public sector in the future, had previously ordered ScotRail to draw up an improvement plan, which was published in full on 29 November.
Figures published earlier this month showed the reliability of ScotRail trains significantly improved in the weeks after the improvement plan was published.
The PPM data showed 89.7% of trains arrived within five minutes of schedule in the four weeks to 7 January. This was a 6% rise on the previous four weeks, and a 2.8% improvement on the same period last year.
But ScotRail's annual performance was 90% - below the 91.3% target set in Abellio's contract for the franchise.
Mr Yousaf was questioned by MSPs about the latest figures at Holyrood.
He said he was "disappointed" by the results, but insisted progress had been made during "an exciting and challenging period for rail in Scotland".
He said: "Let me be clear, ScotRail is not yet performing at the level I would like it to. However, let's also be clear, neither is the situation the apocalyptic scenario often painted by our opponents."
Scottish Conservative MSP Liam Kerr said it was right Mr Yousaf came to the chamber in the wake of the change of management at ScotRail, saying the government had "driven Mr Verster from his post".
He said the government had been responsible for "ill-thought-through announcements regarding public sector bids and the future of the franchise", "uncosted raids" on funds and "the situation on the ground deteriorating" for commuters, asking if new boss Alex Hynes would be given the government's full support.
Mr Yousaf replied that he would not take lectures from a Tory on rail services, adding that he did not recognise the Scottish rail service described. He added that the government would back Mr Hynes, and hoped all MSPs would.
Labour's Neil Bibby said passengers were fed up with the level of delays, cancellations and skipped stops, asking if Mr Yousaf would take responsibility if targets were not hit.
The minister replied that "it must be very depressing to live in the mind of Neil Bibby, where everything seems to be going wrong", insisting there had been improvements in services.


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Question: US President Barack Obama has called on African governments to give gay people equal rights by decriminalising homosexual acts.

Mr Obama made the comments in Senegal after meeting President Macky Sall on the first leg of his African tour.
Mr Sall said Senegal was a "very tolerant" country but it was "not ready to decriminalise homosexuality".
Homosexual acts are still a crime in 38 African countries, where most people hold conservative religious views.
In 2011, the US and UK hinted that they could withdraw aid from countries which did not respect gay rights.
Mr Obama said at a news conference that the issue did not come up in his discussions with Mr Sall.
Nevertheless, he believed that while different customs and religions should be respected, the law should treat everybody equally, he said.
By Thomas FessyBBC News, Dakar
While President Barack Obama's comments on gay rights may grab the headlines in the Western media, his Senegalese counterpart's response - "Senegal is not yet ready to decriminalise homosexuality" - may just be what many Senegalese wanted to hear.
As laws legalising gay marriage were being contested in the US and France recently, rumours spread in the West African country that President Macky Sall wanted to do the same. They sparked heated discussion in the local media which forced Mr Sall's administration to clarify its position that it would not legalise same-sex unions.
Many Senegalese are of the opinion that if Mr Obama came to "change" their mentality, he has had a wasted journey. Although Senegal is not one of Africa's aggressively homophobic nations, there have been cases of violent attacks against gay men and lesbians.
The fact that Mr Obama chose to visit Senegal will be what most Senegalese are likely to focus on - and the hope that this will attract more development money and investors.
Mr Obama welcomed the US Supreme Court's decision on Wednesday to strike down a law that denied the recognition of same-sex marriages.
The ruling was a "victory for American democracy and a proud day for equal rights", he said
Mr Sall said Senegal was still not ready to change its laws, but that "does not mean we are homophobic''.
This is Mr Obama's third visit to Africa since he became president in 2008.
He is also due to travel to South Africa and Tanzania.
Africa had made "amazing" strides in achieving democracy, Mr Obama said.
Senegal, a mainly Muslim country which has never experienced a coup, was one of America's "strongest partners" on the continent, he added.
"It's moving in the right direction with reforms to deepen democratic institutions, and as more Africans across this continent stand up and demand governments that are accountable and serve the people, I believe Senegal can be a great example," Mr Obama said.
Goree: Senegal's slave island
Mr Obama, along with his wife Michelle and children, was due to travel by ferry to Senegal's Goree Island, a memorial to Africans who were caught up in the Atlantic slave trade.
"A visit like this by an American president, any American president, is powerful," said White House spokesman Jay Carney ahead of the trip.
"I think that will be the case when President Obama visits and I'm sure  particularly so, given that he is African American."
On Sunday, Mr Obama is expected to visit Robben Island, where South Africa's first black president Nelson Mandela was jailed for 18 of the 27 years he spent in prison, on the second leg of his African tour.
However, it is unclear whether the visit will take place because of Mr Mandela's deteriorating health, correspondents say.
Mr Obama is due to end his African tour with a visit to Tanzania, where he will pay his respects at a memorial outside the US embassy in the main city, Dar es Salaam, in honour of 11 people killed in a bombing by al-Qaeda in 1998.
He has excluded from his itinerary Kenya, where his father was born, and Nigeria, Africa's biggest oil producer which has been hit by an Islamist insurgency.
US officials reportedly said the indictment of Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta at the International Criminal Court on charges of fuelling violence after the 2007 election, which he denies, made it politically impossible for Mr Obama to visit the country.

Homosexual acts are illegal in Kenya, punishable by up to 14 years in prison.
The National Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission says the law violates constitutional rights to equality, dignity and privacy.
Last year, Kenya's Deputy President William Ruto said there was no room for gay people in the country.
Most religious groups in Kenya and other African countries are strongly opposed to homosexuality, saying it is un-African.
Hundreds of people have been prosecuted in the last few years under Kenya's anti-gay penal code.
"Those laws degrade the inherent dignity of affected individuals by outlawing their most private and intimate means of self-expression," the group said in its petition.


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Question: Workers on ScotRail are to stage a fresh wave of strikes in a long-running dispute over the increased use of trains without guards.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article:

Members of the RMT union will walk out for 48 hours from Sunday 7 August, 24 hours on Thursday August 11 and over the weekend of 13/14 August.
The RMT is against the increased use of trains on which the driver opens and closes the doors at stations.
ScotRail has said such operations are already common on the network.
RMT general secretary Mick Cash said: "Recent rock-solid strikes on ScotRail have been supported by the travelling public who understand that the staff are fighting for the basic principles of rail safety.
"In spite of this, Abellio/Scotrail continue to ignore the strength of feeling amongst their staff and passengers over the extension of driver-only operation."
ScotRail says 59% of customers already travel on a train where the doors are safely opened and closed by the driver, and insists that the job, pay and conditions of conductors are guaranteed.
Phil Verster, managing director of Scotrail Alliance, has previously said: "This industrial action by the RMT is not about safety, it's not about a second person on a train and it's not about jobs or pay and conditions.
"It is about modernisation of the railway and preparing us for a railway that Scotland can be proud of for the next 40 or 50 years."

The executive of Aslef said industrial action has been suspended until a ballot of members is known.
It is recommending that a revised package offered by the company is accepted.
The drivers have taken strike action in the row over pay and conditions, such as the length of shifts.


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Question: The videos of an Indian man in Qatar being beaten up by a group of men from his native state of Kerala have gone viral on social media.

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The assault happened reportedly over anti-Islam Facebook posts, and Qatari police had to intervene.
Some reports say the man has denied doing so and this was a case of mistaken identity.
The Indian embassy termed the incident "unfortunate" and says it has sought consular access to the man.
The incident took place near a mall in Doha on Friday, when a group approached and confronted the man about screenshots of Facebook comments against the Prophet and Islam that had been circulating among the Keralite expatriate community.
Other shoppers joined in and beat up the man, while some employees from the mall tried to stop the assault.
Several filmed the incident, and videos and photographs from the event have gone viral on WhatsApp.
The video shows a crowd of about a hundred gathered outside the mall, and a group surrounding the man and manhandling him.
Girish Kumar, president of the Doha-based Indian Cultural Centre, said such a "shameful" incident was happening for the first time in the peaceful Indian community.
"The government is still investigating."
It is not clear whether the man has been detained or held by the Qatari police.
In a post on his official Facebook page, the Kerala state president of BJP party V Muraleedharan citing Qatar authorities wrote that the injured man had not committed the crimes he had been accused of and would be released after an investigation into his assault.
In a statement emailed to the BBC, the Indian embassy said they have requested the Qatari authorities to conduct "thorough investigations into an unfortunate incident in which an Indian national was reportedly beaten up by some persons on 8 May 2015".
"The embassy is concerned about the well-being of this person and has sought consular access to him."
According to the US State Department's International Religious Freedom Report for 2013, Qatari law imposes a prison sentence of up to seven years for blasphemy against Islam, Christianity and Judaism.
The law stipulates a one-year prison term or a fine of QR 1,000 ($275;Â£174) for producing or circulating material defaming the three religions.
Posting or sharing online content that "undermines" Qatar's "social values" or "general order" is also a punishable offence, according to an Amnesty report.
In a meeting convened on Sunday by the Qatari Interior Ministry and attended by Indian embassy and community representatives, authorities said nobody should take any "unlawful action".
The assault has been widely condemned by the Indian community.
"It was an unnecessary act. Even if he did say something offensive, there is a legal system in place. I am proud of being from a state where Muslims, Hindus and Christians live in harmony," said Fahd Abubaker, a second-generation Keralite in Qatar.
More than 500,000 Indians reside in the tiny Gulf state - making it the single largest expatriate group.

Tarun Vijay, of the ruling BJP, was speaking to al-Jazeera about recent attacks on African nationals in India.
African envoys have called the incidents racist in nature.
But defending India, Mr Vijay said: "If we were racist, why would we have the south? Why do we live with them? We have black people around us."
The comments triggered an immediate response on Twitter, with many south Indians asking if Mr Vijay was implying that the rest of India "chose" to live with them.
Much of the outrage stems from the fact that there have been historical tensions between northern and southern Indians, based on language, culture and even skin colour.
Mr Vijay quickly tried to carry out some damage control on his Twitter account, saying that he had "framed" the sentence badly and adding that Indians were victims of the "racist British".
What he was trying to say, he said, was that Indians had fought racism and had "people with different colour and culture" but did not have any racism.
However, Mr Vijay's attempts to explain did not seem to convince too many people, who continued to ridicule him.
A spokesman for the party admitted that Mr Vijay could have "worded the comment differently".
Mr Vijay was talking to al-Jazeera about attacks last month in Greater Noida, near Delhi, on a number of Nigerian nationals. Five Nigerian students were attacked by crowds, while another was beaten by a mob inside a shopping mall.
Police say five people have been arrested over the violence and India's Foreign Minister Sushma Swaraj has promised an "impartial" inquiry.