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Question: Australia will no longer appoint knights and dames under its honours system, PM Malcolm Turnbull has said.

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Mr Turnbull said the titles were "not appropriate" in modern Australia, and that Queen Elizabeth had accepted the cabinet's recommendation to drop them.
Former PM Tony Abbott reintroduced knighthoods and damehoods in 2014.
His controversial decision to grant Prince Philip a knighthood in January was widely seen as one of the factors which ended his term as leader.
Mr Abbott at the time said Australia was honouring the Duke of Edinburgh's lifetime of "service and dedication", but later said the decision was "injudicious".
He was ousted as leader of the centre-right Liberal Party by Mr Turnbull in September.
Analysis: Jon Donnison, BBC News, Sydney
The decision to give Prince Philip a knighthood was hugely unpopular in Australia and seen as one of the biggest blunders of Tony Abbott's brief time in office.
Now the new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who in 1999 led Australia's unsuccessful campaign to abandon the monarchy and become a republic, has dropped knights and dames.
The prime minister will have the chance to discuss the matter with the Duke of Edinburgh's son later this month, when Prince Charles comes to Australia on a royal visit.
Mr Turnbull has recently said he remains a republican but says he does not regard the issue as a priority for his government.
End of 'Knightmare' poses republican question
In a statement, Mr Turnbull said the Order of Australia awards were "an important way of honouring the achievements and service of many Australians, including those unsung heroes who might not otherwise be recognised outside their local communities".
But he said his cabinet had recently reviewed the system and decided that the knighthoods and damehoods were "not appropriate in our modern honours system".
Existing knights and dames would not be affected by the change, he said.
The opposition Labor party welcomed the move, with shadow treasurer Chris Bowen describing the titles "a national disgrace".
But he said it was "not appropriate" for Australia to be "clinging onto imperial Britain through our honours system".
"We shouldn't be celebrating the fact that knights and dames are gone, we should be lamenting the fact that they came back under this government," ABC News quoted him as saying.
However, monarchist groups in Australia criticised the decision.
Prominent Australian monarchist David Flint accused Mr Turnbull of trying to get "revenge" for the failed 1999 republic referendum, the Sydney Morning Herald reported.
Mr Flint, the head of the Australians for Constitutional Monarchy organisation, said scrapping the titles means Australia can't give international recognition to its best soldiers, sportsmen and singers.
Australia's honours system
Commonwealth honours systems
Alongside Prince Phillip, three people have received the honour since 2014 - former New South Wales governor Marie Bashir, former Governor-General Peter Cosgrove and the former Chief of the Defence Force Angus Houston.
Australians rallied together online under the hashtag #KnightsAndDames to welcome Mr Turnbull's announcement.
Many agreed that this was a step forward for Australia.
Others felt there were more pressing issues to be dealt with.

Speaking at a press conference on Wednesday, Mr Turnbull said Mr Abbott had not yet indicated his plans.
Mr Turnbull on Monday successfully challenged Mr Abbott for the country's top job.
The new prime minister would not comment on the cabinet's make-up.
Earlier, Treasurer Joe Hockey refused to comment on speculation he would be dumped from the portfolio.
Political pundits have tipped Social Services Minister Scott Morrison to take over the Treasury portfolio.
Mr Abbott was absent from question time in parliament on Tuesday when Mr Turnbull debuted as prime minister.
"I have had a discussion with Tony Abbott but he hasn't given me an indication [about his future]," Mr Turnbull told reporters in Canberra.
US President Barack Obama on Wednesday phoned Mr Abbott to commend his leadership in the fight against the so-called Islamic State group, local media reported.
Asked if he would include more women in the cabinet, Mr Turnbull would say only "there is no greater enthusiast than me for seeing women in positions of power and influence in parliament, in ministries right across the country".
He was speaking at a press conference with state premiers from New South Wales and Victoria about rolling out the next stage of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), which is worth A$22bn ($15.7bn; Â£10.2bn) a year.
The scheme, which coordinates funding of and access to services for people with serious and permanent disabilities, is funded by federal and state governments.


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Question: A motorcyclist in his 20s has died following a crash in north Belfast.

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The incident happened on Fife Street between 04:30 BST and 05:00 BST on Saturday.
The police have appealed for witnesses to the crash.
York Road is closed between its junctions with Skegoneill Avenue and Alexandra Park Avenue. Diversions are in place.

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The 20-year-old Audi driver and a 19-year-old passenger died in hospital.
A 20-year-old woman, also a passenger in the Audi, remains in hospital with life-threatening injuries after the collision northbound on the M18, near junction three at 22:20 BST on Monday.
The lorry driver, 46, was arrested on suspicion of causing serious injury by dangerous driving and bailed.


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Question: The human rights group Liberty has called for a public inquiry into physical and sexual abuse at the Deepcut army barracks in Surrey.

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It said many current and former soldiers had given accounts of suffering violence or abuse there.
A coroner recently ruled the death of Pte Cheryl James, 18, was suicide and criticised army welfare standards.
Liberty said Pte James' inquest had exposed a "toxic, violent and sexualised" culture at the barracks.
It also said other accounts of abuse at the camp emerged in two recent BBC documentaries, Deepcut - the Army's Shame, and Week In Week Out - A Family's Fight for the Truth.
It has written to Defence Secretary Michael Fallon to request a "thorough and independent" inquiry on behalf of the families of Privates James, Sean Benton and James Collinson - three out of four young soldiers found dead with gunshot wounds between 1995 and 2002.
Last week Pte Benton's twin brother Tony and sister Tracey Lewis lodged an application for a fresh inquest into the circumstances surrounding his death.
Liberty said it was also acting for former Deepcut recruits Mark Harrison, who says he was a victim of sexual assault and rape, and Dan Griffiths, who alleges an army instructor beat him unconscious.
Mr Harrison said: "The man who did this to me was known by the Army to be a risk to young people because he committed sexual offences before he came to Deepcut.
"His actions changed my life forever and I still struggle deeply today as a consequence.
"I want to be heard and I want to be assured that this could never happen again."
Pte James' father, Des said: "The MoD has wasted many years avoiding a public inquiry into Deepcut and even denying an abusive culture existed until very recently.
"A public inquiry may finally draw a line under this dark stain on the reputation of the British Army."
Liberty said in 2002-3 Surrey Police compiled a dossier of 118 "duty of care and bullying issues", mainly at Deepcut.
An independent review in 2006 by Nicholas Blake QC concluded there was no need for a public inquiry.
In a statement, a Ministry of Defence spokesperson said: ""We believe in the importance of transparency through any method deemed most appropriate, and we have not objected to any of the further Deepcut inquests raised to date.
"However Sir Nicholas Blake's review concluded a public inquiry into the circumstances at Deepcut barracks was not necessary, and this view was shared by the House of Commons Defence Committee."

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Pte Sean Benton, 20, from Hastings, was found with five bullet wounds to his chest in June 1995 while on guard at a perimeter fence at Deepcut.
An original inquest into his death recorded a verdict of suicide.
His family applied for a new hearing after using the Human Rights Act to access evidence held by police.
His twin, Tony Benton, and sister, Tracy Lewis, wept and said: "We are just happy and relieved. It's been too long."
A spokesperson for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) said: "We care deeply about our young recruits and our thoughts remain with the family and friends of Private Sean Benton."
BBC Local Live: For the latest updates and more news
The malevolent culture at Deepcut barracks
Justice Collins said fresh evidence had "come to light which casts some doubt upon the correctness" of the original decision.
He added that under article two of the Human Rights Act there was material that questioned the care Pte Benton received from the Army at the time.
Mrs Lewis said: "Our family had just 20 years with Sean. It has taken us another 21 to secure the thorough, independent inquiry we should have seen immediately after his death."
"For two decades, our family has been tormented by questions about what Sean went through at Deepcut," she added.
"If his death had been properly investigated in 1995, we would have been spared years of uncertainty and pain.
"It should be a source of huge shame to the Ministry of Defence and Surrey Police that our mother had to fight for so long - far longer than she should have had to - to force the authorities to answer basic questions."
The family said the original inquest took less than two hours and heard from six people. A criminal investigation seven years later found no evidence of third party involvement.
Pte Benton's medical records were not obtained and no evidence was gathered or presented about his experiences at the base.
The family, who are represented by human rights group Liberty, believe he was subjected to severe bullying.
In a statement, the MoD said: "The Armed Forces will not tolerate abuse, bullying, or discrimination. All allegations are taken very seriously and will be thoroughly investigated, either by the civil or military police and, where appropriate, action will be taken."
"It would be inappropriate to comment further while legal proceedings are ongoing -  we will assist the coroner as necessary," it added.
Pte Benton was the first of four young soldiers to die at the barracks between 1995 and 2002.
Pte Cheryl James, 18, from Llangollen, North Wales, shot herself in November 1995, according to a second inquest into her death which concluded in June. However, the coroner criticised a lack of training, structure and inappropriate sexual relationships in the camp.
Pte James' father, Des, said he had applied to the MoD for a full public inquiry into what went on at the barracks.
Pte Geoff Gray, 17, from Hackney, east London, was found dead with two gunshot wounds to his head on 17 September 2001.
Pte James Collinson, 17, from Perth, was found dead with a single gunshot wound through his chin on 23 March 2002.
A date for the fresh inquest into Pte Benton's death is yet to be set.


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Question: Your next holiday might seem like a long way off but there's a row brewing about when schoolkids in England should be able to take them.

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30 October 2013 Last updated at 17:10 GMT
Last month, the government made changes so head teachers can no longer allow absence outside school holidays, unless there are exceptional circumstances.
It's because of concerns that some kids were missing school for family holidays during term time when it's cheaper.
But more than 125,000 people disagree, signing a petition against the move.
The petition says: "All children who have a good attendance record should be allowed the opportunity to enjoy quality time with their parents on an annual holiday of up to 10 days once per year."
But the government says it's giving schools more freedom to set term dates - which could mean parents could book cheaper holidays.
Ricky's got the story.

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Barnsley Council in South Yorkshire announced term dates for academic year 2017-18 with a shorter summer break.
There will be a longer school holiday at October half-term.
Nick Bowen, principal of Horizon College, said the cut would "lead to difficulties in recruitment and retention of really good staff".
Councillor Tim Cheetham said: "The main differences to this year's dates from previous years will support educational outcomes for pupils by reducing the long summer break which can lead to learning loss.
"It also means that holiday weeks are distributed more evenly throughout the school year"
The 2018 summer holiday is to run from 31 July.
In 2017, schools are to break up almost a week earlier on 26 July.
This year the final day of term is to be 20 July, according to the council website.
Barnsley has 78 primary schools, 31 of which are academies, for children between the ages of five and 11. There are 10 advanced learning centres, four of which are academies, for 11-18-year-olds, said the council.
Mr Bowen said: "Half of Barnsley will be operating under this new system the other half, the academies, many of them are saying they're not going to do it."
Simon Murch, of the National Union of Teachers, said: "It seems a very poorly-thought-out idea.
"Anything that changes the system we've got at the moment that works really needs to be thought out."
The council said it had consulted teachers and parents on the changes.
Mr Murch said the union thought the consultation was continuing and no decision had been reached.
Parents have also commented the move on BBC Look North's Facebook page.
Colleen Bell said: 'I love the long summer break with my kids. Plus what a nightmare for parents with children in different schools or colleges that aren't doing this."
Sue Walker said: "Keep your thieving hands off my time with my kids. I'm already being told when I can and cannot go on my holidays with them, and now you want to cut short my holidays."
Claire Sutton supported the move, she said: "I think limiting the summer to four or even five weeks would be a good idea. An extra week or two somewhere else gives parents flexibility with regards to holidays and childcare."


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Question: US solar energy firm SunEdison has filed for bankruptcy protection after years of rapid-fire acquisitions.

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The company's strategy of buying smaller firms to grow its market-share left it with large amounts of debt.
SunEdison is also facing investigations by US regulators.
"Our decision to initiate a court-supervised restructuring was a difficult but important step to address our immediate liquidity issues," said chief executive Ahmad Chatila.
"The court process will allow us to right-size our balance sheet and reduce our debt, providing the opportunity to support the business going forward while focusing on our core strengths," he said.
The company had $18bn (£12.6bn) in liabilities on 31 December according to papers it filed with the US bankruptcy court.
It said it has secured $300m of new financing to use during the bankruptcy process.
Meanwhile, renewable energy firm Ecotricity said it had bought SunEdison's UK rooftop solar business.
Investors have filed legal claims alleging SunEdison misled them about its financial viability. The company has delayed releasing its annual reports twice.
SunEdison is also facing investigations by the US Department of Justice (DoJ) and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) over its failed deal to buy Vivint Solar.
The $2.2bn cash-and-stock deal fell through in March, after SunEdison failed to close on the acquisition.

The firm said the move was aimed at reducing debt and that all its mines and offices would continue to operate.
"This was a difficult decision, but it is the right path forward for Peabody," said chief executive Glenn Kellow.
Peabody's debt problems stem from its takeover of Australian rival Macarthur.
The firm paid about 5bn Australian dollars (Â£2.5bn) to buy the coalminer in 2011, but lower coal prices amid falling demand means it has struggled to repay its resulting debts.
The move is the latest in a series of bankruptcies in the industry, with miners hit by a combination of low energy prices, tougher environmental regulations and a shift to natural gas.
"The factors affecting the global coal industry in recent years have been unprecedented," Peabody said in its Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing.
"Industry pressures in recent years include a dramatic drop in the price of metallurgical coal, weakness in the Chinese economy, overproduction of domestic shale gas and ongoing regulatory challenges."
Chapter 11 refers to a section of the US Bankruptcy Code. It protects a company from its creditors, giving it time to reorganise its debts or sell parts of the business.
Peabody's Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing ranks among the largest in the commodities sector since energy and metals prices began to fall in the middle of 2014. Prices were hit as demand in emerging markets such as China and Brazil began to slow.
Producers accounting for 45% of coal output have filed for bankruptcy in the current industry downturn, according to 2014 US government figures.
Peabody has about 8,000 employees and customers in 25 countries, according to its website.


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Given ['Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story', "Olympic heptathlon champion Jessica Ennis-Hill will miss this year's indoor athletics season because of an Achilles injury."] it matches with ['represent text\n\nGiven The body of David Miller, 56, was found at his home in Northampton last June.\nIan Cuthbertson, 49, Michael Hallett, 37, Joseph Catlin, 30, and Zena Kane, 35, all of no fixed address, deny murder.\nThe court heard Mr Cuthbertson had gone to the flat for "a bath, a change of clothing and to watch TV".\nMr Miller had been stabbed multiple times and crude attempts had been made to destroy his body during the attack at Patterdale Walk, Boothville, Northampton, on 14 June 2016.\nHe had been partially-dismembered.\nSumming up at Northampton Crown Court, prosecutor Peter Joyce QC said the defendants had acted like "a pack of wolves".\nHe said the only possible verdicts were guilty of "murder, murder, murder, murder".\nHe told the jury: "It is not argued that what happened to David Miller wasn\'t murder.\n"The question is whether one or all of these four defendants took part."\nHe called the killing of Mr Miller "a team job", saying that was why none of the accused had given evidence during the trial.\nMr Joyce dismissed a statement to police by Mr Cuthbertson - in which he denied he had been at the scene - as "lie, after pathetic lie, after pathetic lie".\nHe also accused Ms Zane of "crocodile tears" and "hypocrisy".\nSolicitors for all four of the accused are due to sum up their defences on Monday.\nThe case continues., a positive would be A homeless man accused of killing a man in his own flat was "petrified" when the attack was carried out, a court has heard.', 'The 30-year-old Briton, who is also the world champion, is "really frustrated" but wants to be "100% ready" to defend her Olympic title in Rio in August.\nThe indoor season begins in Glasgow on 20 February.\n"My priority has always been Rio and I don\'t want to take any risks in the short term," said Ennis-Hill.\n"I am understandably frustrated but know this is the right approach."\nEnnis-Hill struggled with an Achilles problem in 2013 and missed the World Championships in Moscow that year.\nShe also missed the entire 2014 season as she gave birth to her son.\nEnnis-Hill returned to training in the autumn of that year and went on to win heptathlon gold at the 2015 World Championships in Beijing.\nHave you added the new Top Story alerts in the BBC Sport app? Simply head to the menu in the app - and don\'t forget you can also add score alerts for the Six Nations, your football team and more.'] but not with ['represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary\n------\nThe provided query could be "The A358 upgrade between Taunton and Southfields was part of the Conservative\'s Â£15bn roads project.\nTaunton Deane Borough Council said it was unable to give a full response to the plans as they lacked detail and only one option had been submitted.\nHighways England said the consultation offered "the chance to see our initial proposal at an early stage".\nA Highways England spokesman added: "Publication of more detailed plans and consultation is due to follow in 2018, where everyone will have another chance to comment and provide feedback."\nParish councillors in the A358 area have also told the BBC they are unhappy with the initial proposals.\nThey have cited concerns about noise, pollution, how the new junction would work with the M5 and the location of the new section of road linking the A358 to the M5.\nStoke St Mary Parish Council has also lodged a formal complaint with Highways England.\nCouncillors at Taunton Deane are due to meet to discuss the proposals and what steps can be taken later." and the positive "Plans to turn a busy Somerset road into a dual carriageway have been criticised by a local council for lacking detail."', 'The reigning world, European and Commonwealth champion suffered an ankle problem competing in Italy in May.\nRutherford, 30, was also one of many high-profile absentees from the British trials last weekend.\n"Obviously this isn\'t ideal, but I am doing everything to give myself the best chance of success at the World Championships in London," he said.\nRutherford, who has only competed twice all season, is looking to defend his long jump world title at the 2017 Worlds which run from 4-13 August.\n"After some really excellent training this year, the start to the season has been riddled with a series of troublesome injuries, most recently a problem with an ankle ligament," he added.\n"As a result, I am absolutely gutted to say that I am unable to compete at the Anniversary Games this weekend - one of the greatest events in our sport."']

Question: This will be a landmark year for Andy Murray - I have no hesitation in predicting that whatsoever.

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The world number two is due to become a father and will, I'm sure, cherish that above anything he could ever achieve on a tennis court.
But I don't think this new year will be notable in the Murray household simply for the addition of a welcome new member. There's every indication major trophies will be celebrated too.
It's only a few weeks since Murray completed the perfect Davis Cup year; unbeaten as he helped return the famous old trophy to these shores for the first time in nearly 80 years.
That was one of his main targets for 2015. Mission accomplished, and in some style, beating a fine player in Belgium's David Goffin in his own back yard, on clay, in straight sets, with one of the best match points - and winning shots - ever seen.
The feel-good factor from such an achievement can last months. When Novak Djokovic savoured success with Serbia in the Davis Cup at the end of 2010, he followed it up with one of the best years in the history of tennis. He didn't lose a match until the semi-finals of the French Open, and won the other three Grand Slam titles.
Incredibly, the super Serb was even better last year, reaching all four major finals, and winning three, as well as six out of the eight Masters Series events he entered.
Could Andy do a Novak? That's perhaps asking too much. But I certainly think 2016 will be the year Murray's major count gets going again.
It's two and a half years since he won the second of his two Slam titles. The game has moved on since then, and the Scot has had back surgery and switched coaches.
He was, however, much more like his old self in 2015, winning four titles, including his first two on clay, and competing well for three of the four main prizes.
Finishing the year ranked second in the world, for the first time in his career, will have done the confidence no harm either; nor will beating Roger Federer, albeit in the end-of-season IPTL exhibition.
He'll go into 2016 with an extra spring in his step and as the second seed for the Australian Open, which gets under way in just over two weeks' time in Melbourne. Murray knows he doesn't have to worry about Novak Djokovic until the final, should both men get there.
So the Scot will reflect on 2015 as a year that ended much better than it began.
Ranked sixth in the world when the notes of Auld Lang Syne were fading away, he'd just been thrashed 6-0 6-1 by Federer at the World Tour Finals in London.
When Murray headed down under to Melbourne in January, the first Grand Slam of the season once again brought out the best in him as he reached his fourth Australian Open final.
It proved, however, to be the one that got away; from a break up in the third set against Djokovic, Murray lost 12 of the next 13 games in that final. But it was a collapse that didn't affect his season, which turned out to be his most consistent yet on the tour.
By the time the French Open came around in May, Murray was being touted - tongue-in-cheek perhaps - as the new king of clay, having won two titles on the surface, including the Madrid Masters, where he beat Rafael Nadal in his own back yard.
Only a superb five-set display from Djokovic stopped Murray at Roland Garros, this time in the semi-final.
After opening the grass court season by claiming a fourth Queens Club title, it was then on to Wimbledon. Again Murray looked strong as he progressed to the semi-finals, where a rejuvenated Roger Federer lay in wait.
A stunning Swiss serving display dealt desperate disappointment once again for the Scot, ending his hopes of a second Wimbledon crown. But there was no time to dwell. There was a Davis Cup quarter-final against France to be won, following on from the fine win against the USA in Glasgow in March.
After winning the doubles with big brother Jamie, Andy dug deep once again to see off Gilles Simon and book Britain's place in the semi-finals against Australia. That meant another trip back to Scotland, and another noisy win in Glasgow's Emirates Arena.
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Being the driving force behind Britain's first Davis Cup final appearance since 1978 meant Murray had probably played too much tennis by the time the US Open came around. He did win another Masters Series event, beating Djokovic in the final in Montreal.
He couldn't get past the giant South African Kevin Anderson in New York, however, and so failed to make a Grand Slam quarter-final for the first time in five years.
Murray's champagne moment of 2015 was still to come.
At the end of November, the pride of Dunblane collapsed in tears on the red clay of Ghent. He was instantly mobbed by his brother Jamie and the rest of his team-mates in celebration of Britain's finest hour in the Davis Cup since Fred Perry et al in 1936.
It was an achievement that made Murray - and the British team - winners at the BBC Sports Personality of the Year awards. You know it's been a good year when Andy Murray starts cracking jokes in front of a huge audience of his sporting peers, and millions watching on TV.
If he wins another Slam - or defends his Olympic title -  there's no chance Murray's 2016 will be duller than a weekend in Worthing.

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Murray, the 2013 and 2015 winner, took Olympic gold, claimed his second Wimbledon title and became tennis' world number one in a remarkable 2016.
Triathlete Alistair Brownlee was second and show jumper Nick Skelton third.
"It's been a great year for British sport and I am so proud to have been a part of it," said 29-year-old Murray as he accepted the award from Miami.
In front of a 12,000-strong audience at Birmingham's Genting Arena, Murray accepted the award via video-link from Florida, where he is preparing for the 2017 season.
As he took the prize from former British boxing world champion Lennox Lewis and gathered members of his training team around him, he added: "I'd like to thank everyone who voted - I really appreciate your support."
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Brownlee, 28, became the first man to retain the Olympic triathlon title at Rio 2016, finishing ahead of brother Jonny, who claimed the silver.
The Yorkshireman later made headlines across the world when he selflessly helped his exhausted brother over the line in a dramatic end to the Triathlon World Series in Mexico.
Skelton, 58, claimed individual show jumping gold at Rio 2016, becoming Britain's second oldest Olympic gold medallist, 16 years after initially retiring with a neck broken in two places.
In his acceptance speech, Scot Murray said: "I'd also like to thank my family. I think my mum is in the crowd there [in Birmingham]. I'd like to thank my dad as as well, who just got married 10 days ago. I miss you guys.
"A huge thanks to my wife and my daughter - she won't know what this means yet, but maybe in a few years she will.
"Actually, I've got a bone to pick with my wife because about an hour ago she told me she'd voted for Nick Skelton. Not smart from her with Christmas coming up."
Murray received 247,419 votes, Brownlee 121,665 and Skelton 109,197.
Skelton was asked whether he was aware Murray's wife had voted for him, and responded: "I'm very pleased with her actually. But she didn't vote enough times."
Young Sports Personality of the Year: Ellie Robinson: the Swimmer claimed gold in the S6 50m butterfly final with a Games record at the Rio Paralympics, aged 15.
Team of the Year: Leicester City: the Foxes stunned the world with their shock Premier League triumph last season.
Coach of the Year: Claudio Ranieri: Leicester's Italian manager was named top coach after overseeing the remarkable campaign.
Lifetime Achievement: Michael Phelps: the record-breaking American swimmer, 31, won his 23rd Olympic gold in his final Games in Rio in August.
Overseas Sports Personality of the Year: Simone Biles: the 19-year-old American broke new ground with a series of dazzling routines as she secured four gold medals at the Rio Olympics.
Sport's Unsung Hero: Boxing club founder Marcellus Baz provides free classes to hundreds of young people at his Nottingham School of Boxing, with some even dreaming of reaching the Olympics.
Helen Rollason: Ben Smith: the charity runner completed 401 marathons in 401 days after battling back from injury to pass his fundraising target of £250,000.
Helen Shaw: Well done Andy Murray. Well deserved. As is Alistair Brownlee in second place.
Sideburns Kev: Great to see Nick Skelton and Alistair Brownlee being recognised.
Allan Blair Beaton: Nice waaaaaan @andy_murray! Another #SPOTY for the cupboard. Well done!
Mark Haggan: So many fantastic British sport stars this year who have done incredible things. Amazing to see.
Stu: Well done Andy Murray never thought I'd see the day where we had a British world no1, Wimbledon winner & gold medal winner.
Former British number one Annabel Croft on BBC Radio 5 live:
Andy Murray's never worried what people thought of him and he's become one of the most popular sportsmen in the country.
Andy has continued to strive and something has switched in him. Now he is the hunted, rather than the hunter, defending that number one spot.
The rivalry between Murray and Djokovic is phenomenal and I cannot wait to see how it develops in 2017.
It will be interesting to see how he responds to that but he looks relaxed. I expect a reaction from Djokovic as he will not like this one bit.
But I feel as if Murray can go on and dominate quite significantly in 2017.
Murray began the year by reaching the Australian Open final, but lost to Novak Djokovic in straight sets.
Murray was beaten again by Djokovic at the French Open final in early June, but within two weeks he was crowned Wimbledon champion for a second time, adding to his 2013 title, when he ended Britain's 77-year wait for a men's champion.
In August he defended his men's singles Olympic title with victory over Argentina's Juan Martin del Potro in an epic final in Brazil.
And another win over Djokovic at the ATP World Tour Finals - Murray's first title at the season-ending event - ensured he would end 2016 as world number one.
Speaking during Sunday's ceremony in Birmingham, before he won the award, Murray said 2016 had been "the best year in my career".
Asked about how becoming a father had affected him, he added: "I have loved it. It was a challenge obviously and it made me realise tennis isn't the most important thing.
"Away from the court I am a lot happier now I'm not thinking about tennis all the time as I used to and that's helped me on the court."
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Murray said the replica trophy he was presented with had been damaged. He will be presented with the actual trophy at a later date.
"The trophy is a bit broken. It's kind of stuck down with tape where the top bit of the camera is," he said.
"They didn't tell me how it got broken, and to hold it close to my body. After the problems me and Lennox had the last time [a botched handover when he was third in 2012], I listened to them."


Question: Twitter is overhauling some of its rules to try to make itself simpler to use and more attractive to newcomers.

Members will be able to add multimedia to tweets - including pictures and videos - without eating into the 140-characters-a-post limit.
The service is also changing the way it handles conversations between users.
Twitter co-founder and chief executive Jack Dorsey told the BBC his aim was to ensure that "when people tweet, it makes sense".
One analyst said the moves marked a "positive change", but added that they only addressed "one symptom" of Twitter's difficulty in increasing its audience.
Despite constant references to tweets in the news, over the past year Twitter has struggled to attract fresh users to its platform - a problem partly blamed on it being confusing.
"One of the biggest priorities for us this year is to really refine our product, to make it simpler," Mr Dorsey said.
"I think there's a story to be told about what Twitter's for, and to continue to strengthen why you would use Twitter."
Some of the details were reported by the Bloomberg news agency a fortnight ago, and were, for the most part, welcomed by users.
The changes, as outlined by Twitter, will be:
In addition, any new tweet - ie one that isn't a reply to someone else's tweet - that starts with a username will now be seen by all of a person's followers.
That last change does away with one of Twitter's more baffling systems, in which posts beginning with a username would only be seen by a person's followers if they too were following the member mentioned at the start of the tweet.
To override the rule, people have been adding a full stop to their tweets, so that they read ".@username".
"It doesn't make sense to anyone," Mr Dorsey told the BBC. "And people have had to work around it. That just looks ugly, and it's confusing."
Brian Blau, an analyst at the consultancy Gartner, said Twitter's problems in gaining new users would not be solved with these changes.
"The core problem is attracting new users and getting them to be loyal users over time," he explained.
"And we haven't seen anything from Twitter yet that leads me to believe that they're addressing that fundamental problem."
The changes will not be made until later this year.
This is to allow developers to integrate the new rules into their third-party apps and websites.
A longer interview with Jack Dorsey will be published on Wednesday.

Then, at lunchtime, he springs up from his desk, walks a short way down Market Street, and takes charge of one of the world's biggest payment firms.
Just imagine that. Running both Twitter and Square must surely make Dorsey one of San Francisco's most under-pressure chief executives - an inbox chock-a-block with to-dos.
Many people said he wouldn't be able to do it. Indeed, when Dorsey returned last year to Twitter, a company he co-founded, it was only meant to be a temporary measure.
But eventually, the board came to the conclusion that if anyone was capable of reversing Twitter's fortunes, it was Jack Dorsey, even if they only had 50% of him.
It has been almost a year since he regained control of the company, and his most pressing problem back then still faces him today: fix Twitter.
"We're making progress," Dorsey told me, adding that he considers the most important thing to be the company's ability to devise, develop and release updates to the service.
"That's going very well, but you know, things take time to change."
Unfortunately for Twitter, the 300 million or so people who use the service at least once a month don't always take well to new ideas. One recent furore, for instance, was about an icon changing from a star to a heart.
And Dorsey's personal delivery of an announcement this week was designed to publicise that work was being done to make Twitter a simpler place to spend time on the internet.
But at the same time, he needed to stress that Twitter wouldn't be changing so much that its current, fiercely loyal users would feel alienated.
The "new" tweets, in which users can add photos and videos without using up any of the 140 character limit, seem to have found that delicate balance.
"We're not giving up on Twitter being in the moment," he said. "That concept of brevity, that concept of speed. Being able to just think of something and put it out to the world."
But improving simplicity isn't even half the battle for Dorsey.
Twitter, you will no doubt have noticed over the past couple of years, has become a service synonymous with online abuse.
That may be an unfair tag to load onto Twitter, but the ease in which people can sign up - coupled with a lack of a Facebook-style real name policy - means anonymous, hateful comments feel more commonplace here than elsewhere.
Whether a public figure or not, those caught in the middle of a controversy can find the speed and frequency of replies overwhelming, and for some, pretty terrifying.
"I don't think the negativity and the abuse and harassment is unique to Twitter," Dorsey says.
"I think it's an industry-wide, internet-wide issue that we all need to solve. And we did make it a priority for the company."
He went on to outline the company's tools for blocking and reporting abusive users.
But it's in this area that Twitter has many users unconvinced.
Those who have been at the receiving end of abuse wonder how it can be that, after 10 years, Twitter's engineers are yet to devise ways in which abuse can be proactively stopped from reaching those being targeted, rather than relying on reactive action.
One popular suggestion - giving users the ability to automatically ignore messages from accounts that have only just been registered - remains ignored, for the time being. Dorsey lists safety as a priority, but you could argue it should be the priority.
What Twitter does have going for it, of course, is that an awful lot of people would miss it were it to disappear.
Regardless of the looming threat from "cooler" networks like Snapchat and Instagram, Twitter for now remains the world's watercooler.
But how much is that worth? One easy way to alleviate the pressure on Dorsey and his team would be to sell-up. Predictably, names like Google and Facebook spring to mind.
Is Twitter for sale?
"We're focused on making Twitter amazing and making something people want to use every single day," says Dorsey, avoiding the word "no".
"We are an independent company and we're thriving and we want to continue to build that."
Even if Google came to him right now with its chequebook?
"We're focused on building our service."
Since 2014 Twitter's stock price has dropped from an all-time high of $69 (Â£47) to, at the time of writing, $14. It surely can't go much further south without someone making an offer he can't refuse.
Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC and on Facebook.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: A BBC local radio presenter is taking unpaid leave to appear in the Celebrity Big Brother house.

James Whale, who hosts the BBC Essex breakfast show, entered the Channel 5 reality television show on Thursday evening.
Whale, 65, formerly of Talksport, said he was "excited" to be taking part and looking forward to having a "lie-in".
"We expect James back on the breakfast show on 5 September," BBC Essex Managing Editor Lou Birt said.
"His friends and colleagues at BBC Essex wish him lots of luck."
Whale, who also worked for LBC radio, will initially be replaced by Kath Melandri between 06:00 and 09:00.
He said: "I'm excited to be taking part in Celebrity Big Brother and getting to know all the characters in the house. At least I get a lie in from the breakfast show for a while."

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

Gest was best known as the estranged husband of singer Liza Minnelli and a friend of Michael Jackson.
He came to prominence on ITV's I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! and later featured on talent show Grease Is The Word and Celebrity Big Brother (CBB).
Stars of CBB and other showbusiness friends took to Twitter to pay tribute.


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Bridgend council has been criticised by a watchdog for failing to adequately monitor a looked-after child's savings accounts while he was in their care.

Rob Johnson, who was two when he was fostered, said some of his savings were wrongly used to pay for trips.
An investigation by the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales, Nick Bennett, found the council's monitoring amounted to maladministration.
The council said it took its role as corporate parents extremely seriously.
The ombudsman called on the council to provide an action plan for reviewing other cases amid concerns the failings could be "systemic" and affect other children in their care.
Mr Johnson, now aged 18 and referred to as 'Mr N' in the report, complained to the ombudsman about the money after his foster placement broke down in 2014.
He said the council had not managed his savings in accordance with its own policy and the amount of £270 he received in January 2015 was substantially less than he believed it should have been.
He said money used to pay for trips was taken from his savings without consultation and he should have received a special allowance for them instead.
"I just want people to have their money, to go on and do better things," he said.
"They've had rough years from whenever they've come into care. It's a time with that money, your savings, to move on and have your own life."
The investigation found the council's monitoring was "intermittent and inadequate" and amounted to maladministration.
It had failed to keep adequate records or retain his saving books at the end of his placement, meaning it was unclear why the amounts were as low as they were.
Mr Bennett emphasised there was no criticism of the foster carers in his report, which only dealt with the council's actions.
Bridgend council acknowledged its response to Mr Johnson's initial complaint may have appeared "dismissive or unsympathetic", and apologised, saying this had not been its intention.
Mr Bennett has shared his report with the Welsh Government, saying the case raised important issues over looked-after children and their savings at local and national level.
He recommended the council should pay Mr Johnson £3,310 - which has not yet happened.
Mr Bennett said: "I hope the issues my investigation has raised will lead to positive changes and the development of further national policy on long-term savings for looked-after children, reflecting the need for councils to secure the outcomes every good parent would want for their own children.
He added he was disappointed the council had not made the payment to Mr Johnson and would be "forced to issue a further special report" if it continued to fail to do so.
Bridgend council accepted all the recommendations in the report, apart from making the payment to reimburse the savings.
A statement from the authority said: "Our position is that [Mr Johnson] has not suffered injustice or hardship."
The council said there was no national policy or legal requirement in place regarding the savings of looked-after children and it had asked the National Fostering Framework to consider establishing one.
"We take our role as corporate parents for looked after children extremely seriously, and will be taking actions to address the other recommendations made by the ombudsman," it said.
The Welsh Government said it was considering the recommendations in the report.

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A charity representing children in care said it was "extremely worrying".
The government says it wants to raise standards and plans to make "good" the minimum acceptable standard of care.
Ofsted inspects children's homes twice a year but reports are not easy to access for child protection reasons.
The findings were obtained through a Freedom of Information request.
Panorama asked all 134 councils with children's services in England about standards in the homes in which they placed children.
Of the 87 councils that responded, the programme established that one in four children was in a home rated "adequate" or "inadequate" on 31 December 2012.
Watch Panorama: Kids Lost in Care at 20:30 BST on Monday, 24 June on BBC One
BBC One - Panorama: Kids Lost in Care
There were cases of "good" care, with 17 councils saying all their children were in "good" or "outstanding" homes. These included Durham County Council, Surrey County Council and the London Borough of Camden.
But some councils said none of their children was in a home rated above "adequate".
"I think those local authorities need to be held to account," said Natasha Finlayson, chief executive of The Who Cares? Trust.
"They need to explain why they think that's acceptable for those children."
Nearly 5,000 children are in children's homes in England.
'Emma', 21, was abused by the Oxford grooming gang and gave evidence in court against them.
Her adoptive mum knew her 'vulnerable' daughter was at risk and asked for her to be taken into care at 13.
Shortly after arriving, 'Emma' ran away with another girl, ending up in a dangerous situation.
"He was this creepy man and he gave us underwear to wear.  I had to stand there in my underwear and he was horrible and he paid for it and I mean we looked like children," she said.
He took naked or semi-naked photos of the girls, emailed them to people in London and then put the two girls on the train to the capital.
"We got £500 each off him, and then made our way to London where other things happened like with men, did more and then we made our way," said 'Emma'.
'Emma' did not tell her Mum that they had been sold for sex but she tried to tell a member of staff at the home.
"I think he felt uncomfortable talking about it," she said. "That was my cry for help… but they didn't listen."
'Emma' returned to Oxford and back into the clutches of the grooming gang whose exploitation would intensify. Her Mum eventually succeeded in moving her away from them.
An independent review is under way. Oxfordshire County Council says it will implement recommendations and says it has taken action to improve safeguarding.
Who were the victims?
Why was abuse not stopped sooner?
In response to Panorama's research, the government said it was in talks with Ofsted to make "good" the acceptable minimum standard for residential care homes.
"They'll be changing the rating so it is "requires improvement" rather than "adequate" and we're working with them to see how quickly and swiftly we can bring that about," children's minister Edward Timpson said.
"We want to see good quality care right across children's homes because these children are some of the most vulnerable in our society."
Panorama also found through the Freedom of Information request that many children across the UK were being sent to live away from their home area. Some 147 out of 191 councils responded to the question, revealing that half (51%) of all their children were in homes outside the area.
Moving vulnerable youngsters away from their home areas can be important for their welfare and safety, but it can also lead to isolation and increase the risk of children going missing.
The grandparents of a troubled 17-year-old in residential care said they could not understand why she was moved 13 times in two years.
"As soon as she was happy and contented and settled down… they seemed to move her," said her grandfather, George Thomsett.
Zoe would always run home to her grandparents' house but was not allowed to stay.
Her grandmother, Linda Thomsett, said she had a feeling something was not right after a visit.
"I thought she was on drugs and when I came home here I said to George, 'Do you know what, I feel terrible about Zoe, I wish I'd brought her home,'" she said.
Just days later, Zoe died from a drug overdose in a private house.  She had been missing from her children's home for three days.
A serious case review found the council had provided "extraordinary levels of human and financial resources" but "her constant moves meant there was a lack of consistent or co-ordinated support provided to her".
It costs £1bn a year to look after children in residential care in England, where most homes are privately run.
Panorama wrote to 10 of the bigger private companies asking for their Ofsted ratings. Six did not answer our questions.
One company which did reply was Family Care Associates, a family-owned chain of seven homes, all currently rated "good" or "outstanding". It invited Panorama to visit one of its homes in Blackburn.
Although it has the highest Ofsted rating, the company says councils are not placing children there and it will close next month.
"If the residential care market, for want of a better expression is price-driven, then inevitably local authorities are going to go to somebody who can provide something at a cheaper price," said Family Care Associates chief executive officer, Ed Nixon.
And there is growing concern that some smaller providers are being squeezed out of the market.
"I think what we're seeing is a small number of companies coming to dominate the market and having just a small number of providers in any market is never healthy," said Ms Finlayson.


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Question: A non-league footballer, wanted for questioning by police in connection with an alleged "incident of affray" during a match, has been arrested.

Hertfordshire Police said player Aidan Chaves, 26, had been taken into custody.
Sawbridgeworth Town's Essex Senior League home game against Clapton FC at Crofters End on 25 March was abandoned.
It followed reports a player appeared to get a knife out after being spat at by a Clapton fan.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article:

Sawbridgeworth Town FC player Aidan Chaves, 26, was arrested on Sunday following an incident at the Hertfordshire club on 25 March.
The Essex Senior League home game against Clapton FC was abandoned.
Mr Chaves was released on bail and is due at Stevenage Magistrates' Court on 19 July.
Mr Chaves, formerly of Chantry Lane, London Colney, St Albans was detained following reports that a player appeared to get a knife out after being spat at by a Clapton fan at the Crofters End match.
More news from Hertfordshire
Police confirmed he had been charged with "possession of an offensive weapon in a public place, namely a corkscrew" and a public order offence.
Following the incident Sawbridgeworth Town said a player's registration had been terminated.
A spokesman for the club said the player in question would "never represent" them again and had been given a life ban from the ground.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: The Welsh Labour party has been offered more power to make its own decisions under plans agreed by the UK party's ruling National Executive Committee.

It agreed to transfer powers to the Welsh and Scottish parties over issues such as Westminster candidate selections, and that both should have a representative on the NEC.
Welsh Labour leader Carwyn Jones said he was "delighted" by the plans.
The changes are subject to approval at the UK party's conference in Liverpool.
Following a disappointing result for Labour at the 2015 general election, first minister Mr Jones said it was "time for change in the structure of our party to take account of the new politics".
Former Welsh Government minister Leighton Andrews also warned that Welsh Labour could separate from the rest of the UK party if Jeremy Corbyn was re-elected as leader.
After several months of discussion, Welsh Labour's ruling body - the Welsh Executive Committee (WEC) - approved plans for greater autonomy at its own meeting earlier in September.
On Wednesday, Mr Jones said more Welsh Labour autonomy was "important progress reflecting the reality of devolution in Wales".
"As devolution matures across the UK it is right that our structures and politics should seek to match it," he said.
"I am delighted that these proposals have been agreed and look forward to them being passed by conference in Liverpool next week."
Labour AM Eluned Morgan said the "long overdue" changes would "correct the travesty where the Tory prime minister of the UK recognised Carwyn as the leader of Wales but the Labour Party did not".
The plans do not amount to a full separation - it is expected Welsh Labour will continue to share finances with the UK party.
If delegates at the Labour conference agree the plan, BBC Wales understands the WEC will consult party members on the details of the proposal, which include:
Darren Williams, a Cardiff councillor who sits on the NEC, told the BBC's Daily Politics he voted against the plan to have a Welsh Labour AM sit on the NEC.
He said it was "completely unworkable", as NEC meetings in London clashed with assembly plenary sessions on Tuesday.
"I am in favour of the principle, but I think those positions should be elected by ordinary members," he added.
The NEC also discussed proposals about the formation of the party's shadow cabinet in Westminster.
Having failed to reach an agreement after eight hours of talks, a decision was deferred for further discussion at the weekend.

Mike Hedges said party members should be offered a left-wing option at the leadership election, when it happens.
Stopping short of saying he would run, he said he was one of four AMs who had consistently backed Jeremy Corbyn.
Mr Jones has been Welsh Labour leader and first minister since 2009, and has not set a date for his departure.
He defeated rivals Edwina Hart and Huw Lewis for the Welsh Labour leadership in 2009 and said in March that at 50 years old he was younger than Theresa May and had given no thought to retiring.
On Thursday, Swansea East AM Mr Hedges also called for rule changes that could open the door to more candidates and potentially give a left-winger a clearer run for the leadership.
"When we have an election, when Carwyn decides to step down, we should have a left candidate like we did with Huw Lewis last time," Mr Hedges said.
"Traditionally leaders have gone after about 10 years, but it's entirely in Carwyn's hands," he added.
Welsh Labour is consulting on whether to introduce one-member-one-vote elections (Omov) for its next leader, as happens when the party elects a UK leader.
That would mean all the votes cast count equally, instead of the existing electoral college system which splits the party into three wings.
Mr Hedges is in favour of Omov and says candidates should be able to nominate themselves. Current rules require 20% of Labour AMs to support a candidate before they get on the ballot paper.


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Question: The Planck space telescope has identified some of the largest structures ever seen in the Universe.

These are clusters of galaxies that are gravitationally bound to each other and which measure tens of millions of light-years across.
Astronomers say the Planck observatory has made more than 20 detections that are brand new to science.
The European Space Agency telescope has also confirmed the existence of a further 169 galaxy clusters.
Follow-up studies have hinted at the great scale of these structures.
"The clusters contain up to a hundred galaxies, and each galaxy has a billion stars," said Dr Nabila Aghanim of the Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale in Orsay, France.
The clusters, sighted in all directions, range out to about four billion light-years from Earth.
Astronomers are interested in such observations because they say something about the way the Universe is built on the grandest scales - how matter is organised into vast filaments and sheets and separated by great voids.
Not only do the clusters contain colossal quantities of visible matter - stars, gas and dust - but they also retain even larger quantities of invisible, and as yet unidentifiable, "dark matter".
Planck made the discoveries during its on-going survey of the "oldest light" in the cosmos.
This relic radiation from the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago fills the entire sky in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
It is referred to famously as the Cosmic Microwave Background, or simply the CMB.
Planck's ultra-precise recording of this light should provide remarkable new insights on the age, contents and shape of the Universe.
Scientists hope the telescope's imagery can also prove the theory of "inflation", an idea that the cosmos experienced a turbo-charged, faster-than-light-expansion in its first, fleeting moments.
But to get a clear view of all this information, scientists must first subtract the light emitted by other astrophysical phenomena shining in the same frequencies.
Although regarded as "noise" in the context of Planck's main mission, this "rejected" light is still hugely valuable to scientists who study its sources - including those astronomers interested in mapping galaxy clusters.
Dr Aghanim and colleagues found these structures by looking for the so-called Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in the Planck data.
Clusters are surrounded by fantastically hot gas - at many millions of degrees.
In these conditions, electrons become detached from atomic nuclei and move around at great speed.
About 1% of the particles, or photons, of CMB light moving through these structures will interact with their swarms of hot electrons.
This has the effect - the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect - of distorting the CMB in a very characteristic way: it becomes depleted at lower frequencies and boosted at higher frequencies.
"It's a great trick," Dr Aghanim told BBC News. "We look for spots on the sky that are less bright than average at low frequencies and then look for spots that are brighter than average at high frequencies, and if these locations match up we have our candidate clusters."
The research does not end there, however. The SZ distortions in the Planck data have to be followed up with observations from the likes of Europe's XMM-Newton space telescope.
Planck achieves ultra-cold state
Satellite prepares to go super-cold
XMM, because it is sensitive to X-ray light, can see the emission coming from the hot electrons themselves.  It is independent confirmation.
Many of the Planck clusters look very disturbed objects, suggesting the telescope may be seeing these structures in the early stages of formation, says Dr Aghanim.
Information on all the Planck clusters has been made public as part of the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC).
This is a list of some 15,000 astrophysical phenomena spied by Planck and which, again, are secondary to its main objective of detailing the CMB.
"This 'first light' we're looking for is a very faint signal that is on top of a very high level of noise," explained Planck project scientist Dr Jan Tauber.
"This noise comes from the rest of the Universe - our galaxy, other galaxies and clusters of galaxies. In order to get to the CMB, we first have to understand everything else because if we cannot get rid of it accurately, we cannot be sure what we're measuring in the early Universe is what we really want to see," he told BBC News.
Planck will continue to scan the sky until at least the end of 2011, certainly enough for five-times coverage.
The Planck Scientific Consortium will then need some time to analyse all the data and assess its significance.
A formal release of fully prepared CMB images and scientific papers is not expected before January 2013.
Planck is a flagship mission of Esa. It was launched in May 2009 and sits more than a million km from Earth on its "night side".
It carries two instruments that observe the sky across nine frequency bands.
The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) operates between 100 and 857 GHz (wavelengths of 3mm to 0.35mm), and the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) operates between 30 and 70 GHz (wavelengths of 10mm to 4mm).
Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence:

The team surveyed more than 26 million galaxies in the largest study of its kind.
The map will help scientists understand what dark matter is made from and learn more about another mysterious phenomenon called dark energy.
The results have been released by the international Dark Energy Consortium (DES).
According to Professor Ofer Lahav of University College London (UCL), and chair of the DES Advisory Board, the map would provide new insights into how the Universe operates.
"Dark energy and dark matter represent probably one of the biggest mysteries in the world of science. And this has generated a lot of interest across the whole of science because it is a major shakeup. And actually we still don't know what it is," he said.
Scientists have suspected that there is more material in the Universe than we can observe for more than 80 years.
The movement of stars and galaxies indicate that the Universe is also made up of invisible particles called dark matter.
In 1998, two teams of astronomers discovered the expansion of the Universe was accelerating, rather than slowing down, as the theory at the time suggested. Physicists speculated that the acceleration was caused by something they named dark energy.
Since then, observations have indicated that dark energy and dark matter together account for 96% of the Universe. The challenge has been to find ways of studying these invisible phenomena in detail.
"We cannot just say we don't know what it is, we have to make an effort to see what it is," according to Prof Lahav.
The Dark Energy Survey is the most ambitious effort to date. It began in 2004 and involves 400 scientists from 26 institutions in seven countries.
The survey involves taking pictures of 26 million galaxies across a large expanse of the sky using the Blanco telescope in Chile. To do this, the research team had to build one of the most sensitive cameras ever built. The 570-megapixel camera is capable of detecting light from galaxies that are eight billion light-years away.
By studying the way in which the light was distorted by the intervening dark matter, researchers were able to calculate its distribution. And by studying the way in which the distribution changes over time they can calculate the way in which dark energy acts on it.
The team was also able to infer the amounts of dark energy and dark matter from the density and locations of galaxies.
The results show support for previous studies that indicate the Universe is made up of 4% ordinary matter, 26% dark matter and 70% dark energy.
The hope is that a detailed study of the map will give clues about what dark matter and dark energy might be and so lead to a more complete theory of physics.
The data released today draws from just one year of observations. The researchers plan to collect data for four more years over an even larger area of the sky. Prof Lahav says that there is much more to come.
He explained: "Once we have the full survey, 300 million galaxies and a thousand supernovae, we may be providing input for a new Einstein to tell us what does it all mean - why is the Universe made the way it is?"
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Question: this is the first sentence of a news article. represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Lots of you might be dressing up for Halloween today but it's not just humans getting in the spooky spirit.

represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence

31 October 2014 Last updated at 07:28 GMT
Oh no! Dogs at a doggy day care centre in Lancashire are also getting in on the act.
Ricky went along to the Halloween party especially for pooches.

This is part of a news article. Represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article!

You have been sharing your Halloween preparations and tips for trick or treating with us. Here is a selection of your pictures and some of your advice.
Emily took this picture of her five-month-old kitten Ivy. "She's hoping to get lots of treats," Emily said.
Samuel Williamson took this picture of his partner Charlie Millard hard at work crafting her pumpkin. "My pumpkin is on the left and my partner is still working on hers." He tweeted. And here's how they turned out with the lights off...
Great pumpkin Charlie, but we think Samuel's is scarier.
Jenny Powell sent in this picture of a ghoulish cloth creature trying its best to scare her daughters as they look on in mock horror.
The creative talents of Alexandra Choa from Edinburgh, Scotland on display within this pumpkin.
Jen Davidson carved the "small pretty pumpkin" while her children, Cameron and Kiera, carved the other two lanterns in this picture.
Pictures of spooky face paintings in preparation for Halloween... we hope! We're pretty sure Amandeep Dhami's efforts could scare more than just the faint hearted.
And it's not just humans getting dressed up for the occasion...
Meet Poppy the canine pumpkin in this photo by Valerie.
You have also been sharing your tips for trick or treating. The top suggestion seems to be only go to decorated houses... Liam Flanagan-Todd had this tip to share: "#Halloween etiquette- no pumpkin by the door means do not knock" - a sentiment echoed by quite a few of you:
There are also some rules about the types of treats to offer, Kelly Marie suggested that providing healthy treats might see you left in peace the following year, an experience replicated by @Sweckles on Twitter:
Some of you also suggested some other tips to avoid receiving a knock on the door on Halloween night. Laura Claire switches off her doorbell, Sarah tweeted to say she hides and other tweeters suggested the following:
While Colin had one thought:
Thanks for sharing your Halloween pictures and tips with us, and happy Halloween from everyone at BBC_HaveYourSay.
You can send your pictures and comments to us in the following ways:
Read our terms and conditions
When sending us pictures, video or eyewitness accounts at no time should you endanger yourself or others, take any unnecessary risks or infringe any laws.


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Question: All pictures are copyrighted.

A selection of your pictures of Scotland sent in between 18 and 25 November. Send your photos to scotlandpictures@bbc.co.uk or our Instagram at #bbcscotlandpics.


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Question: An amusement arcade owner has said it cost him £30,000 to ensure his businesses can accept the new £1 coin.

Adam Williams, who owns Llandudno Pier in Conwy county, had to adapt his 1,000 slot machines to ensure they can accept the new 12-sided coin, which was released on Tuesday.
He was helped by the Royal Mint in Llantrisant who sent him examples of the new coin to test his machines.
"I thought logistically and financially it would be a nightmare," he said.
Mr Williams also owns Fun Factory and Tir Prince Raceway attractions in Towyn, Conwy county.
"We're lucky as we are a sizeable company with in-house engineers," he told BBC Radio Wales' Good Morning Wales.
"So we can deal with these kind of problems even though it will cost us tens of thousands of pounds to accept this new £1 coin.
"If I was a small business or single-site operator it could make you bankrupt."
The new £1 coin has a hidden security feature to make it difficult to counterfeit.
Mr Williams said he was glad the new coins were introduced before Easter.
"Thankfully we can get the machines adapted and tested before the start of the summer season," he added.
"They brought the coin in at the right time so we've had the winter quiet period to do this work.
"So although there is not a lot of income coming in to pay for the work, it does mean we can start the summer off fully operational."

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The local authority said the 12-sided coin can be used at its other car parking spaces.
It operates 48 meter machines across the Highlands.
But the council said 16 are having to be replaced in Fort William and four on Skye, and it could take three months for them to be delivered and installed.
The new £1 coin entered circulation on 28 March.
The round £1 will be legal tender alongside the new, more-secure coin until 15 October.
The public are being urged to use their current £1 coins or bank them before they lose their legal tender status.


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Question: Pajtim Kasami and Damien Perquis scored their first goals for Nottingham Forest as the hosts maintained their 100% home record with a deserved victory over Leeds United.

Kasami's calm sidefooted volley from a corner put the Reds ahead at the break.
And Perquis made it 2-0 with a downward header from another corner.
Kalvin Phillips' superb free-kick gave Leeds hope but, after a nervy spell, Oliver Burke's fourth goal this season wrapped up victory in injury time.
Burke scored with a delightful low finish from a tight angle to lift the tension among the home fans and take Forest's goal tally to 11 goals from three games at the City Ground.
Leeds barely threatened until the final 10 minutes but could easily have found themselves level, with Marcus Antonsson forcing a fine low save from goalkeeper Stephen Henderson and Phillips volleying over.
However, Forest were good value for their victory following a solid first-half which saw Chris Cohen, Henri Lansbury and Kasami on top in the central midfield battle.
Perquis' header doubled the lead given to them by Kasami's strike and seemed to have ensured the win.
The Reds then briefly lost their way after a sweet 20-yard effort from substitute Phillips had made it 2-1, but Burke's late, late finish took them up to sixth place in the Championship.
REACTION: Leeds United manager Garry Monk speaks to BBC Radio Leeds
Nottingham Forest manager Philippe Montanier:
"I don't know if it was the best we have played, but it was a serious challenge for us. It was a tough game and a tough team to play at home so I am very happy with the win and also with the mentality of the squad.
"We needed to be strong defensively and also have the capacity to score goals to win the game.
"We were more solid as a side and that was the target. The target is to be more solid defensively, but also to still play offensively.
"We have to find a good balance and this was a good performance on that front. The balance was much better."
Leeds boss Garry Monk:
"We gifted them two soft goals, which made it difficult. In general play we were the better team.
"From the 46th minute they were wasting time, they looked nervous when it came to holding on to their 1-0 lead. But we never really pushed them back.
"We needed to be more clinical, we needed to take our chances. We conceded soft goals and Forest did nothing in general play otherwise.
"If not for the goals we conceded we would have won the game, definitely."
Match ends, Nottingham Forest 3, Leeds United 1.
Second Half ends, Nottingham Forest 3, Leeds United 1.
Attempt missed. Kemar Roofe (Leeds United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is too high. Assisted by Luke Ayling.
Goal!  Nottingham Forest 3, Leeds United 1. Oliver Burke (Nottingham Forest) right footed shot from a difficult angle on the left to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Eric Lichaj.
Attempt missed. Kalvin Phillips (Leeds United) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the left.
Attempt missed. Matthew Cash (Nottingham Forest) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Henri Lansbury.
Attempt saved. Marcus Antonsson (Leeds United) left footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Kemar Roofe.
Kyle Bartley (Leeds United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Henri Lansbury (Nottingham Forest).
Attempt missed. Liam Cooper (Leeds United) header from the right side of the six yard box misses to the right. Assisted by Kalvin Phillips with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Leeds United. Conceded by Hildeberto Pereira.
Foul by Marcus Antonsson (Leeds United).
Matt Mills (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Nottingham Forest. Matthew Cash replaces Apostolos Vellios.
Goal!  Nottingham Forest 2, Leeds United 1. Kalvin Phillips (Leeds United) from a free kick with a right footed shot to the top left corner.
Marcus Antonsson (Leeds United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Pajtim Kasami (Nottingham Forest).
Substitution, Leeds United. Alex Mowatt replaces Pablo Hernández.
Foul by Charlie Taylor (Leeds United).
Pajtim Kasami (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Nottingham Forest. Matt Mills replaces Damien Perquis because of an injury.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Damien Perquis (Nottingham Forest) because of an injury.
Attempt missed. Chris Wood (Leeds United) header from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Pablo Hernández with a cross.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Damien Perquis (Nottingham Forest) because of an injury.
Corner,  Nottingham Forest. Conceded by Charlie Taylor.
Goal!  Nottingham Forest 2, Leeds United 0. Damien Perquis (Nottingham Forest) header from the centre of the box to the top left corner. Assisted by Ben Osborn with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Nottingham Forest. Conceded by Kyle Bartley.
Substitution, Leeds United. Kemar Roofe replaces Hadi Sacko.
Hadi Sacko (Leeds United) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Eric Lichaj (Nottingham Forest).
Attempt missed. Hadi Sacko (Leeds United) left footed shot from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left.
Substitution, Leeds United. Kalvin Phillips replaces Ronaldo Vieira.
Liam Bridcutt (Leeds United) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Henri Lansbury (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Liam Bridcutt (Leeds United).
Hildeberto Pereira (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Chris Wood (Leeds United).
Henri Lansbury (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the defensive half.

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However, the draw did extend Chelsea's lead at top of the Premier League to nine points.
Liverpool keeper Mignolet made up for his first-half embarrassment when he was beaten by David Luiz's superb free-kick from 25 yards.
Georginio Wijnaldum's close-range header in the second-half gave Liverpool a draw they fully deserved, ending a run of three home losses in a row.
However, it could have been much better for Chelsea and worse for Liverpool when Costa went to ground 14 minutes from the end.
Referee Mark Clattenburg pointed to the spot but Mignolet dived low to his right to save the Spain striker's spot-kick.
Arsenal 1-2 Watford: Arsenal's Premier League title hopes suffered a huge blow with a shock home defeat as Watford secured their first top-flight win over the Gunners since 1988.
Bournemouth 0-2 Crystal Palace: Crystal Palace finally earned a Premier League victory under Sam Allardyce as goals by Scott Dann and Christian Benteke secured the points against Bournemouth away at a rain-swept Vitality Stadium.
Burnley 1-0 Leicester City: Burnley secured their fifth home Premier League win in a row with victory over Leicester at Turf Moor, thanks to Sam Vokes' late goal.
Middlesbrough 1-1 West Bromwich Albion: Middlesbrough came back from a goal down but were left frustrated as a hard-working West Brom claimed a point at the Riverside Stadium.
Swansea City 2-1 Southampton: Swansea boosted their Premier League survival hopes and secured back-to-back wins for the first time this season with a spirited victory over Southampton.
Sunderland 0-0 Tottenham: Title-chasing Tottenham had to settle for a point at the Stadium of Light as Sunderland climbed off the bottom of the table with a hard-fought draw.


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Question: Leicester Tigers have signed Bristol prop Ellis Genge on loan until the end of the regular season.

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The 21-year joins immediately but will return to Bristol at the end of April and will be available for the runaway Championship leaders in their expected play-off challenge.
England Under-17 and U20 international Genge has played 26 first-team games at Bristol, scoring six tries.
"I'm grateful to the club for showing understanding," he said.
"I'd like to thank everybody at Bristol Rugby for their continued support and look forward to contributing to the promotion challenge later in the season."
Tigers director of rugby Richard Cockerill said: "We've been looking to add to our pool of props available for the remainder of the season and Ellis is a young man who has gained some useful experience with Bristol."

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The 21-year-old scored one try in two appearances for the Welsh region but crossed eight times in 26 games for Welsh Premiership side Cardiff RFC, who come under the umbrella of the Blues.
Bath have also handed a new two-year contract extension to back row Levi Douglas, 20, who joined the English Premiership club's academy in December.
He has made three senior appearances since signing from French side Oyonnax.
On Tuesday, Bath announced Argentina wing Horacio Agulla will leave the club at the end of the season.
Mike Ford's side are ninth in the table ahead of their final match of the season against Leicester Tigers on Saturday,


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Question: California is to be the first US state to raise its minimum wage to $15 per hour after a proposal passed both houses of the state legislature.

The bill incorporates a deal Governor Jerry Brown reached in the Assembly.  Governor Brown said he would sign the bill on Monday.
Meanwhile, New York state has a tentative deal to raise its minimum wage.
The deal outlines a faster rise for big businesses in New York City.
Smaller businesses and regions in the north of state will have a $12.50 minimum wage.
In California, the measure is set to gradually raise California's hourly minimum wage from the current $10 to $15 by 2022 for large businesses and by 2023 for smaller firms.
"If you work full time, your family shouldn't live in poverty," Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, a Southern California Democrat, said in support of the bill in a debate.
Republicans had said the annual increases, eventually tied to inflation, would give California an image of being hostile to business.
Cities including Seattle and Los Angeles have already passed legislation to raise their minimum wages to $15 an hour.
And in the UK, the National Living Wage of Â£7.20 for employees over 25 will come into effect on 1 April.

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Ballot initiatives can be brought to a vote either by the elected legislature in each state or via a public petition.
For an issue raised in a petition to make it on the ballot, it must receive a certain number of signatures - and in most states that number is based on voter turnout in the previous election year.
Since voter turnout in 2014 was the lowest since World War Two, it is easier this year for activists to gather the signatures needed to get their issue in front of voters.
With 33 state legislatures controlled by Republicans, liberal-leaning groups have turned to petitions to get issues like marijuana legalisation and increases in the minimum wage on to ballots.
Below are some of the more than 72 initiatives being considered by Americans this year.
Five states (Arizona, California, Maine, Massachusetts and Nevada) are voting on the legal sale and use of cannabis. The "yes" vote is currently leading in all five states, and is widely supported by young voters from both major parties. Currently about 5% of Americans live in states where they can legally light up, but after November that figure could rise to 25%, signalling a possible cultural shift that could help bring an end to federal prohibition. In Arizona, the initiative has been opposed with the help of a $500,000 (£413,000) donation from a drug company that produces the synthetic opioid pain reliever fetanyl. Elsewhere, the pro-legalisation effort is being funded by the nascent legal marijuana industry, which already operates in four states.
Nevada will vote on ending the state energy monopoly held by NV Energy. Las Vegas casinos have led the effort to create a competitive electricity market, due largely to the sheer amount they use. The ballot measure would allow businesses and households to choose their own electricity supplier or even produce it themselves using solar panels or windmills. Clean energy groups (including Tesla) have backed the effort, while workers unions have opposed it, claiming that it will drive up electricity costs.
Four states, which together contain more than 50 million Americans, will vote on significant new firearm restrictions. Polling shows that over 60% of voters in Maine approve of a law which would require background checks for all private gun sales, applying the same standard now required of licensed gun shops and dealers. Nevada will consider a similar universal background check law. In California, a proposition could create an outright ban on high-capacity magazines and require background checks for ammunition sales. And in Washington state, voters will decide if courts can authorise "extreme risk protection orders", temporarily banning individuals from owning guns - if a judge decides that they are a danger to themselves or others. Polling indicates that all four initiatives may pass, despite efforts by the National Rifle Association to prevent it. The attempt to change state laws marks a new strategy by gun-control advocates, after several attempts to pass national reforms failed.
Voters reinstated the death penalty in California in 1978 by executing 13 inmates that year. Today there are nearly 750 people on the state's death row, but no executions have been held since 2006, when a federal judge placed them on hold due to concerns over the lethal injection process. One Californian judge famously said that "the leading cause of death on death row is old age."
In less than two weeks, Californians will vote on 17 different ballot initiatives, including two that seek to change the state's death penalty laws. Prop 62 seeks to eliminate capital punishment and replace it with life in prison without the possibility of release. Prop 66 supporters want to "mend, not end" the death penalty, mainly by shortening the appeal process after conviction.
San Francisco residents are considering a ban on homeless encampments, some of which have grown to "tent cities" of 30-40 tent and cardboard box shelters. Prop Q was authored by Mark Farrell, a San Francisco city supervisor who told the BBC that the camps had become "the symbol of the city's homeless problem" and that they are "some of the most dangerous places you can imagine". The measure has been popular among the newly arrived tech workers of Silicon Valley, but critics say loitering is already a crime and the initiative is only intended to "give the appearance that we are doing something".
Who is backing Prop Q in San Francisco?
Californian voters will decide whether condoms should be required to be worn in adult movies filmed in the state. Proposition 60 would allow any California resident to sue studios that produce pornographic films where condoms are not visible to the viewer. State safety officials already require this but it is not enforced. Adult film actors and producers complain that they were not consulted on a law regarding the regulation of their own industry. They emphasise that performers can be kept safe from AIDS through frequent testing and a preventative drug regiment. Los Angeles passed a similar law in 2012 triggering many studios to halt filming in the city. More adult films are produced in California than anywhere else in the world, meaning that the state could lose millions in taxes if the law passes and studios move elsewhere.
In an attempt to drive down costs, Colorado residents will be asked whether the state should scrap the health insurance marketplace established by the Affordable Care Act, which is more commonly known as Obamacare. Most insurance plans would be replaced if Amendment 69 passes, instead creating a state-run universal healthcare provider called ColoradoCare which would become the sole provider for most residents.  If it passes, state payroll taxes will increase and elections would need to be held to assemble the 21-member board of trustees who would govern ColoradoCare. Opponents, led by insurance companies, have raised nearly four times the cash that supporters have. Proponents say the law will cut red tape and decrease the cost of healthcare, but opponents argue that the 21-member board will consist of "unaccountable" politicians who will make important healthcare and treatment decisions for individuals without their input. Polls show that 27% of Americans are so distrustful of the national healthcare system that they want it scrapped and completely replaced.
Four states will decide in November if the minimum wage should be raised to as high as $13.50 (£11.07) per hour, but only one state is debating lowering the wage rate. Two years ago, South Dakotans raised their state minimum wage to $8.55 (£7.01), joining more than half of states who have raised their minimum wage above the federal minimum of $7.25 (£5.94) per hour. Now South Dakota is considering reducing the minimum wage by one dollar for residents under the age of 18. The state's Democratic party is leading the opposition to the new law, which is already in effect after being passed by the Republican legislature in March 2015. Voters in the Mount Rushmore state will be given the opportunity to repeal the law with a "no" vote. Opponents also point out that more than a quarter of the state's residents are under 18.
California may become the first US state to eliminate single-use shopping bags if Proposition 67 passes, although all of Hawaii's counties banned them in 2015. A 'yes' vote on Prop 67 will keep in place Senate Bill 270, which bans non-recyclable bags (except those used for food and perishable items) and enforces a 10 cent fee on any recyclable or compostable bags given to shoppers. Los Angeles, and 58 counties in California - as well as several other major US cities -  already have a ban in place. A separate California ballot measure, Prop 65, dedicates that funding raised by the sale of shopping bags be donated to support environmental organisations. Currently retailers keep the money generated by the sale of recycled bags.


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Question: Calls to regulate short-term flat lets in Edinburgh have been made after residents complained about problems including "very audible sex parties".

Lothian Green MSP Andy Wightman raised the issue at Holyrood.
He made the call after being contacted by disgruntled constituents.
Minister for Local Government and Housing, Kevin Stewart, said he sympathised but the planning system could not "readily distinguish" between different types of housing tenure.
Mr Wightman said: "Over the past few weeks, I have been speaking to constituents who live in the Old Town and the Grassmarket in Edinburgh.
"It is clear that there is a substantial problem with unregulated growth in short-term holiday lets.
"Very audible sex parties have taken place in the flat above one constituent, and an elderly couple are now living out the rest of their years lonely in a tenement stair that has lost all its other permanent residents.
"Others with young families live in a state of stress and anxiety due to the rent-seeking behaviour of a growing number of property owners."
Mr Stewart said: "The Scottish government has no plans to regulate the growth in short-term letting.
"However, we recognise that some concerns exist and we welcome the opportunity to engage further with stakeholders on the matter."
He added: "I sympathise with the people in the stories that Andy Wightman gave us, but the planning system cannot always readily distinguish between different types of housing tenure."

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Nineteen incidents of disturbances, assault and damage had been reported to police in less than three years at the City Sports Bar in Canton, Cardiff.
Drugs were also seized in a police raid at the end of March.
The bar has 21 days to appeal the decision, during which time it can remain open.
Cardiff council's licensing sub-committee met for more than five hours on Friday to discuss action.
If the bar fails to appeal, it will have to close for 10 weeks and will have to satisfy a list of conditions if it is to reopen.
This includes having no music or live bands, employing door staff and using plastic glasses on match days.
Supt Stephen Jones, of South Wales Police, applied to councillors to review the licence to prevent crime and disorder, and for public safety.
There was also evidence of underage drinking and drug use at the upstairs club on Leckwith Road, said Supt Jones's report to councillors.
Incidents going back to 2012 included pool cues and balls being used in a disturbance with a man knocked unconscious, and a group of football fans outside being attacked by a group from inside the club.
Drug dealing was twice caught on CCTV inside the club, according to police.
Council pollution control officers also said there had been "continued complaints" about noise from residents despite a change in management.
The council's licensing sub-committee also received a petition from neighbours and letters of objection.
They included complaints of rowdy behaviour and drunkenness and claims residents in adjoining Church Road were unable to sit out in their gardens because of the noise.
One described "numerous problems with the club in recent years," while another added it was "long overdue that significant action is taken".


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Question: West Brom have completed a double swoop to sign Arsenal left-back Kieran Gibbs for about £7m and Paris St-Germain midfielder Grzegorz Krychowiak on loan.

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England international Gibbs, 27, has agreed a four-year deal.
Poland international Krychowiak has started just 10 games for the French club since joining from Sevilla for £28m last year.
They are the Baggies' fifth and sixth major signings of the summer.
Krychowiak won two Europa League titles with Sevilla and won the Trophee des Champions, Coupe de la Ligue and Coupe de France last season at PSG.
The midfielder, who has 45 caps for Poland, said: "I had a lot of offers from Spain and Italy. But this is a very ambitious club. There's a good atmosphere here."
Gibbs had also been in talks with Watford and Turkish side Galatasaray this summer, while Krychowiak had reportedly been interesting clubs including Chelsea and Juventus.
"They've made some good signings and I feel this is a good move for me," said Gibbs, who has been at Arsenal since the age of 14.
Gibbs has 10 England caps, the last coming in a 2-0 win over France in a friendly at Wembley in November 2015.
"We have recruited another quality addition; an England player with bags of experience at Premier League and Champions League level," said Albion chairman John Williams.
Since the end of last season West Brom have signed Southampton striker Jay Rodriguez, 28, for about £12m, Egypt defender Ahmed Hegazi, 27, on a season-long loan deal, and former England midfielder Gareth Barry, 36, for an undisclosed fee.
Scotland winger Oliver Burke joined last week from German club RB Leipzig on a five-year contract for a reported fee of £15m.
The Baggies have also signed China striker Yuning Zhang, 20, who has started a two-year loan in Germany with Werder Bremen.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.

The 21-year-old, who can play centrally or at right-back, joined the Gunners from Southampton for £16m in 2014.
He quickly became a first-team regular for Arsenal, and won three senior caps for England, but he only featured 12 times in last season's Premier League.
Chambers' Arsenal and England team-mate Jack Wilshere could also be going out on loan this week.
Head coach Aitor Karanka said Chambers had rejected an offer from another club to join Boro.
Chambers is Boro's 11th signing this summer, with the Premier League club bringing in goalkeeper Victor Valdes, striker Alvaro Negredo and midfielder Marten de Roon among others.
The Gunners signed Deportivo La Coruna forward Lucas Perez for £17.1m and Valencia's Germany defender Shkodran Mustafi, for a fee in excess of £35m, on Tuesday.