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Question: The Eritrean government should release 11 former senior political figures held without trial for almost 10 years, Amnesty International says.

The group, including a former vice-president and two ex-foreign ministers, were arrested after calling for reform.
"We've had no contact since he's been arrested," ex-Foreign Minister Haile Woldetensae's brother told the BBC.
An Eritrean official said the 11 had "committed serious crimes against the national security of Eritrea".
President Isaias Afewerki, who led Eritrea to independence in 1993, has little tolerance for criticism.
Eritrea does not allow opposition parties, independent journalism or civil society organisations.
Amnesty's Eritrea researcher Claire Beston told the BBC's Network Africa the prisoners, who include one woman - Aster Fissehatsion - were all "celebrated veterans" of the independence war and members of the ruling party.
"In May 2001, with four other people, they published an open letter to the president calling for reform, calling for democratic dialogue, rule of law and justice," she said.
"Whilst three of them were out of the country and one withdrew his support, the remaining 11 were arrested on 18 September in 2001 - only later were they accused of committing crimes against the security of the nation."
Michelle Kagari, Amnesty's Africa deputy director, said the anniversary was "a harrowing reminder of President Afewerki's complete disregard for the essential right of freedom of expression".
Eritrean presidential adviser Yemane Gebreab refused to go into details of the case but said the 11 had not been arrested for calling for democratic reforms but for threatening national security.
"If they had succeeded in their plans Eritrea today would no longer exist as an independent sovereign state, or it would have been another Somalia," he told the BBC's Focus on Africa programme.
"Eritrea should be commended for showing restraint on how it has handled this matter."
Haile Woldetensae's brother Daniel said no-one dares to ask the authorities about his brother's whereabouts fearing they too will face detention.
"They've never been tried; they've never had any consular access; no-one has visited them once they were taken from their houses at around 06:30 in the morning -  they've never been seen," he said.
He described his brother as "a just an ordinary man, fighter for the liberation of Eritrea".
He said that he had found out from reliable informants that the political prisoners were being kept in solitary confinement in an isolated location.
"We fear the worst - and the president knows that they were psychologically prepared for it and he put them in the conditions that is degrading to human beings, there's no medical treatment and food and everything is very harsh," he told the BBC.
Ms Beston said detainees in Eritrea are often held in underground cells or shipping containers, which are unbearably hot by day and freezing at night..
"The temperatures can be so extreme former detainees have told me that they can't sit or lie down without blistering their skin off their bodies," she said.

Opposition politicians, journalists and activists live in a "climate of fear" ahead of December's polls, it said.
President Yahya Jammeh seized power in a bloodless coup in 1994 and is accused of ruling with an iron fist ever since.
He has since won four elections marred by allegations of rigging.
Amnesty says dozens of peaceful protesters and bystanders were beaten by police and arrested in April and May - and 51 people are now awaiting trial.
Solo Sandeng, national organising secretary of the opposition United Democratic Party (UDP), died in custody in April.
In an interview last month, President Jammeh said it was "common" for people to die in detention or while under interrogation.
He said UN chief Ban Ki-moon and Amnesty International could "go to hell" for asking for an investigation.
"Gambia has a long and brutal history of repression of critical voices and demonstrators such as Solo Sandeng have paid a high price for peaceful protest," Alioune Tine, Amnesty's regional director for West and Central Africa, said.
Amnesty's report also highlighted the death of a union leader in custody in February, the "enforced disappearance" of an imam in October and the arrest and trial of a journalist who shared a photo of Mr Jammeh on messaging service WhatsApp in July last year.
It accused the National Intelligence Agency (NIA) of unlawful surveillance and using threats of torture and ill-treatment to obtain passwords to detainee' email and social media accounts and phones.
The NIA has recently been accused of torture by Human Rights Watch.
An Ecowas heads of state meeting is taking place in Senegal on Saturday.


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Question: The inventor of a low-cost solar cell that could be used to build electricity generating windows has been awarded this year's Millennium Technology Prize.

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Professor Michael Gratzel of the Lausanne Federal Technology Institute received the €800,000 (£660,000) prize at a ceremony in Helsinki.
Professor Gratzel's innovation mimics the way plants turn light into energy.
Two British inventors also won prizes of €150,000 (£124,000) each.
The three shortlisted entries were all vying for the world's biggest technology prize, which is awarded every other year by Finland's Technology Academy.
Professor Gratzel expressed his excitement to BBC News: "It was a wonderful experience to win the grand prix, and of course a tremendous honour".
"The constraint of solar energy has traditionally been its price. 'Gratzel cells' provide a more affordable way of harnessing solar energy," said Dr Ainomaija Haarla, President of Technology Academy Finland.
"Gratzel's innovation is likely to have an important role in low-cost, large-scale solutions for renewable energy."
Explaining his inspiration, he said: "I was always intrigued by the way plants capture sunlight and turn it into fuels like sugar.
"Natural photosynthesis was the inspiration, and our solar cell is the only one that mimics the natural photosynthetic process."
Gratzel cells rely on nanotechnology to produce power from sunlight.  "We are using nanocrystal films in which the particles are so small, they don't scatter light," said Professor Gratzel.
"You can imagine using those cells as electricity producing windows.
"What's very exciting is that you collect light from all sides, so can capture electricity from the inside as well as the outside.
"You could think that the glass of all high-rises in New York would be electricity generating panels," he said.
Gratzel cells have recently been launched in consumer products, including as battery charging backpacks, and Professor Gratzel said that the €800,000 prize would benefit his research and go back into science.
Both the other shortlisted nominations for the prize were British inventors, each of whom won €150,000.
Professor Sir Richard Friend of the University of Cambridge invented organic Light Emitting Diodes, which Finland's Technology Academy said was "a crucial milestone in plastic electronics".
"Electronic paper, cheap organic solar cells and illuminating wall paper are examples of the revolutionary future products his work has made possible," it said.
And Professor Stephen Furber of Manchester University is the principal designer of the ARM 32-bit RISC microprocessor, an innovation found in gadgets ranging from Apple's iPhone to Microsoft's Zune.  The Academy said it "revolutionised mobile electronics".
It said: "The ingeniously designed processor enabled the development of cheap, powerful handheld, battery-operated devices".
Previous winners of the prize have included Sir Tim Berners-Lee, who is widely credited as having invented the web, and Professor Shuji Nakamura, who invented blue and white Light Emitting Diodes.

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4 May 2016 Last updated at 06:51 BST
A tiny battery costing as little as a Â£1 can make electricity from urine.
The technology could be helpful for people living in poor and remote areas - creating a clean and renewable way of generating power.
It was developed by researchers at the University of Bath, Queen Mary University of London and the Bristol Bioenergy Centre.
Ayshah's been to find out more.


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Question: A woman who was sold into the sex trade by her husband is one of 140 suspected victims of modern slavery in the East Midlands in the past three years.

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The woman, of Chinese origin, worked at a brothel outside the UK before being brought to England.
She was one of 24 Nottinghamshire "slaves" found by police, according to a Freedom of Information request.
An expert said slaves "are cheaper today than ever before" and the trade was "a very profitable business".
The FOI request revealed the 140 "modern slaves" had been found by Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and Lincolnshire police forces between January 2014 and the end of 2016.
The victims included children, one who was 14 and another 15-year-old Albanian boy who was forced to work as a pickpocket in Nottingham.
One woman was forced to pay off a debt by working in the sex trade and was told her family would be killed if she did not co-operate.
A 42-year-old Lincolnshire man was found in "a drunken state" by some men who offered him paid work and accommodation but only paid him Â£20 a day and gave him little food or drink. He eventually witnessed another victim being badly beaten and escaped at night.
Dr Alex Trautrims, a business expert who researches modern slavery at the University of Nottingham, said: "Modern slavery is one of the key income sources for serious organised crime.
"Slaves are cheaper today than ever before in human history. It is clearly a very profitable business for any modern criminal.
"You use physical abuse - you lock people away in houses and they cannot walk away."
Steve Buxton, a Red Cross volunteer who delivers basic supplies to some victims, said: "It is a really life-changing moment for some people because they have literally just the rags they are standing up in.
"A basic item like toothpaste can make such a difference to an individual who has nothing of their own."

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Another 44 people have been detained. Eleven women from Central America and Mexico, most in their 20s, were freed.
The women were reportedly forced to have sex with up to 30 men a day, charging $30 (Â£19) for each act.
The gang is thought to have been smuggling women since 2008, moving them to different cities every week in the south-eastern US.
The US authorities have indicted eight men and four women. Most of the other detainees are said to be clients.
The sex-trafficking ring served mostly ethnic Latino immigrants in larger cities and rural communities of Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas, the authorities said.
One of the indicted, a Mexican citizen, is accused of having threatened to send one woman back to Mexico if she did not have sex with at least 25 men a day.
Immigration and Customs Enforcement Director John Morton said 967 arrests in connection with people trafficking and sex tourism were made last year alone.
"To those who would believe that sex trafficking doesn't happen in America, reflect on this case and think again," Mr Morton said at a news briefing.
Most of the 44 detainees were reportedly non-Americans and would face court action. Those who were illegal in the country would be deported, said Mr Morton.
The scale of human trafficking in the US is hard to gauge, but the National Human Trafficking Resource Center hotline, operated by Polaris Project since December 2007, has received more than 57,000 calls from every state in the union.
Incidences of sex and labour trafficking have been reported in all 50 states in the US, and the District of Columbia, in the two years leading up to 2012.


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Question: All images are copyrighted.

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An image of a young osprey has been named the overall winner of the Scottish Nature Photography Awards 2016.
Gordon Rae, from Lockerbie, in Dumfries and Galloway, took the photograph at Rothiemurchus, near Aviemore, in the Cairngorms.
The photographer gave his picture the title Undercover Osprey because it looked as if the juvenile bird of prey was in stealth mode.
Mr Rae said: "My winning image came by chance one morning when the light was in my favour really early on.
"This juvenile bird returning to the Highlands for the first time was having a real problem lifting clear of the water with such a huge fish and had sat back down to regain his composure.
"I had taken images in the past almost like this but never just quite right, so to find this one in the camera, well you can just imagine the smile on my face."
Judge Richard Shucksmith said: "For me, there are so many images of ospreys catching fish that it was great to see a different take on a subject that is photographed so much.
"The powerful arched wings, the detail in the feathers, the beautiful light and most of all seeing the bright yellow eye just above the front wing, draws my eye to the osprey's eye.
"A great capture and a deserved winner."
The seventh annual awards drew entries from professional and amateur photographers from all over the world.
There were also awards for junior photographers -  under 18s - and for portfolios from students undertaking a photography element in their studies.
Andrew Bulloch, from Edinburgh, won the Junior Scottish Nature Photographer of the Year Award.
He was 14 when he took his image Cape Wrath Storm near Smoo Cave in Sutherland while on a trip last summer.
Andrew said: "I'd persuaded my mum to take me there so we could stay at Kearvaig Bothy and we had hoped for sunny weather, but the clouds actually made for much more dramatic photos."
Student Scottish Nature Photographer of the Year winner was Edgaras Borotinskas, who produced a portfolio of water drops, which he described as a "Nature's tears".
The HND photography student at Forth Valley College said: "I am so happy and proud of this award.
"Last year I entered the student category and when I was shortlisted, it motivated me to improve. Passion, motivation and dedication helped to do that.
"Taking pictures makes me happy and when other people like my work it doubles that."
The winning images from all 10 categories will tour Scotland from July 2017 and will be published along with the shortlisted images in a yearbook in the summer.

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Question: Britain's David Weir won a record seventh London Marathon men's wheelchair title - and afterwards called it his "best victory ever".

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The six-time Paralympic gold medallist beat reigning champion Marcel Hug of Switzerland in a sprint finish to win for the first time since 2012.
The 37-year-old finished in one hour 31 minutes six seconds on Sunday.
"It's been challenging since Rio to get mentally focused and get ready for this race," he said afterwards.
"Because of the stuff that's gone on in my mind, it's definitely one of the biggest wins I've ever had in my career."
Weir's win - in this 18th London Marathon - meant he surpassed fellow Briton Baroness Grey-Thompson, who has six titles in the women's wheelchair race.
"To be honest, two or three months ago I didn't even think I'd get on the start line just because I've been struggling  with a little bit of depression so to get here and to race and to win, and to beat Tanni's record, is just an honour."
In January, Weir said he would never wear a Great Britain vest again after an unsuccessful Paralympic Games in Rio last year.
A six-time world champion, he said he felt like he had been "stabbed in the back" after he crashed out of the marathon in Rio, his last ever Paralympic event, and indicated London could be his final race.
The thrilling finish on The Mall saw Weir edge out Hug and Spaniard Rafael Botello Jimenez, who was third, only three seconds behind the Briton.
Manuela Schar of Switzerland took victory in the women's wheelchair race for the first time in 1:39:57.
Schar, who won the Boston Marathon earlier this month, dominated the women's race and finished almost five minutes ahead of second-placed Amanda McGrory of the United States.
Another American, Susannah Scaroni, finished third in 1:47:37.
The event doubles as the IPC Athletics Marathon World Cup, and is the third race in the Abbott World Marathon Majors series.
Baroness Grey-Thompson, six-time London Marathon winner:
"That finish hasn't been there for the last few years. Everyone wanted him to have a good race.
"For him, as much as anyone else, that's a top win - he ran a devastating race.
"Well done, David Weir. I'm really proud of you."

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Keitany, 34, ran a time of two hours 24 minutes 26 seconds to become the first to accomplish the feat since Norway's Grete Waitz - who won five in a row.
"Winning three times means a lot to me. It's not easy but I got it," she said.
Eritrean world champion Ghirmay Ghebreslassie, 20, beat Kenya's Lucas Rotich in the men's race to become New York's youngest ever winner.
Ghebreslassie, who finished fourth at both the London Marathon and the Rio Olympics this year, crossed the line in 2:07:51 to deny Kenya a fourth consecutive double in the New York men's and women's races.
"I am really proud with my victory today to be the first one from my country [to win the race]," he said.
American Tatyana McFadden won her fourth straight New York women's wheelchair race in one hour 47 minutes 43 seconds.
The win means she has won the last 17 major marathon races - London, Boston, Chicago and New York - including four calendar-year clean sweeps.


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Question: An alert over an envelope of white powder received at a school has ended after the substance was found to be "not hazardous".

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Police closed access to Lagan College at around lunchtime on Tuesday.
The school contacted parents via text message to tell them that an investigation is taking place at "the front of the school site".
Police have now left the scene and said the investigation is ongoing.
During the alert, the school said students and staff were safe but that "no member of the public can access the site at present to go out or come in".
Amanda McNamee, the school's principal, said lessons continued as normal.
The PSNI supervised students as they left Lagan College on buses and by foot at the end of the school day.
Parents were contacted and asked to arrive at 15:45 to pick-up children.
Ch Insp Lorraine Dobson said: "The powder has been tested and has been described as not-hazardous.
"I would like to thank the teachers and pupils at the school for their co-operation. I would also like to thank our colleagues in the fire and ambulance services for their assistance."

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A police patrol found an item on a footpath between Lakeview Court and Lismara at about 10:40 BST on Sunday.
Army technical officers were called to examine the object.
Police later said the object was examined and "found to be nothing untoward".


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Question: All pictures are copyrighted.

A selection of your pictures of Scotland sent in between 7 and 14 April. Send your photos to scotlandpictures@bbc.co.uk or our Instagram at #bbcscotlandpics


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Question: Concerns have been raised by plans to develop hundreds of homes on the site of BBC Wales' Cardiff headquarters.

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Llandaff Society said the character of the area "will be very difficult to sustain" as the sale has been agreed on the condition Taylor Wimpey gets permission to build up to 500 homes.
The broadcaster plans to move to a new centre by Cardiff Central rail station.
The sale of the current sites will help fund the new development and staff are expected to move in 2018.

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Gwalia Housing is behind the plans which have been submitted to Swansea council and forms part of the Vetch Masterplan.
It would be built off William Street where the turnstiles and part of the old North Bank once stood.
If approved, the homes would replace Gwalia's homes in the city centre.


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Question: Former England coach Sir Clive Woodward says English rugby union is a "laughing stock" after Sam Burgess returned to rugby league.

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Burgess was part of the England squad which went out of their home World Cup in the group stages.
He will now leave Bath and rejoin South Sydney Rabbitohs in Australia.
Woodward, who led England to 2003 World Cup success, said he did not blame Burgess "for this mess" but the English game was at one of its "all-time lows".
Burgess, from Dewsbury in West Yorkshire, played 21 games for Bath after joining them just over a year ago, scoring four tries.
Having made his England debut in August, he was selected for the World Cup ahead of Northampton centre Luther Burrell, who had looked to have established himself in the team after playing in all five of their Six Nations matches earlier in the year.
Burgess, who had been playing at blind-side flanker for his club, was picked at centre for the hosts against Wales in the World Cup and his selection sparked much debate.
"The RFU has spent the last four years congratulating itself on the direction in which we're heading, but the truth is we have marched confidently into a total mess," said Woodward in his column for the Daily Mail.
"We are the laughing stock of not only world rugby but also sport and business. The rest of the world says those involved in English rugby are arrogant. I hate this reputation, but that is exactly what the RFU has been.
"The saddest part is the players and fans have been let down. To get it right on the field of play you have to get it right off the field."
Burgess says family reasons were behind his decision to return to rugby league after one season in rugby union.
"We hoped that Sam would stay at Bath," said Bath head coach Mike Ford. "He was doing really well in making the switch over from league and, given time, he could've been a great rugby union player.
"Unfortunately, for personal reasons, he is returning to Australia."

The rugby league convert is considering a return to Australia's NRL after World Cup hosts England's dismal campaign.
Burgess's brother Tom plays with Sam's former side South Sydney Rabbitohs, who are believed to be close to re-signing the player.
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"He's probably a bit fatigued mentally as well as physically," Tom Burgess told BBC Sport.
"He's at a bit of a crossroads at the moment, he's had a lot on. He went straight from an NRL Grand Final to a Bath season, and then into a World Cup with England.
"He probably just needs a bit of a break. It's his decision at the end of the day, he can't please everyone.
"Speaking truthfully, he was probably treated a bit unfairly in my opinion and that's probably what's pushing him away at the moment.
"He's not made any decision as yet, at the moment he's still with Bath."
Burgess, 26, was controversially picked as a centre for England during the World Cup after switching codes in 2014.
His Bath head coach Mike Ford described the World Cup as a "cocoon" which had "caught up" with Burgess, but insisted he was "very" confident he would see out his three-year contract.
Following Bath's 38-28 defeat by Harlequins on Saturday, Ford was asked again if he was 100% sure Burgess would remain with Bath, and replied: "Yes, what more do you want me to say?"
However, Burgess's representatives have been in talks with the Rabbitohs about a return to league and the NRL executive Shane Richardson - who helped sign Burgess for South Sydney from Bradford Bulls six years ago - is in England this week.
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He was a guest at the first Test between England and New Zealand at Hull on Sunday.
Retired dual-code Wales international Jonathan Davies, commentating on the game, said Burgess had been "hung out to dry" and described the criticism of him as "pathetic".
Davies said: "I would like him to show the union people what he can do, but I think the way it's been handled he'll be going back to rugby league. And league will then be a lot better off for that.
"Union people wanted me to fail because it's a bigger story. I feel it's been the same for Sam, it's a shame it hasn't changed in nearly 20 years."
Listen to dual-code international Iestyn Harris's view on how Burgess has been made a "scapegoat" in rugby union, on BBC Radio 5 live.


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Question: Hundreds of jobs could be lost as a result of budget cuts at Leicestershire Police, according to the deputy chief constable.

The latest five-year plan calls for savings of up to 40% in a bid to reduce its budget by up to Â£28m.
The force has already had to reduce its spending by Â£36m since 2010.
Deputy Chief Constable Roger Bannister said the force hoped most of the savings could be achieved by voluntary redundancies and "natural wastage".
He said the exact amount of the budget cuts would not be known until the government's comprehensive spending review on 25 November.
Leicestershire Police has already shed 180 officers and 190 civilian staff since 2010, with most of the job losses achieved through natural wastage, including retirement.
"We will have to become smaller, more efficient and smarter in how we operate if the force is to be more cost-effective," he said.
Mr Bannister warned that "with 83% of our budget spent on salaries the force will inevitably need to operate with fewer officers and staff".
And he said the changes may include shutting down police buildings which are too big and expensive to run.

The report concluded that police should instead support the use of unmonitored cameras and more mobile CCTV systems.
It also found the removal of cameras in the area did not result in significant rises in crime.
The review comes as many local councils are reducing CCTV funding due to financial pressures.
The inquiry was carried out on behalf of Dyfed-Powys Police and Crime Commissioner Christopher Salmon, who now recommends:
The recommendations will be discussed with the chief constable and council leaders before changes are made.


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Question: A supermodel cat with "eyes like David Bowie" will star in the iconic fashion magazine, Vogue.

Sazsa Silvas, who shares her time between London and Groeslon, Gwynedd, travels everywhere with her "white ball of fluff" Starina Esperanza Silvaz.
Starina was scouted by an animal modelling agency in a pet shop and snapped up.
She is due to appear in a double-page spread in the middle of the Chinese edition of the magazine.
Ms Silvas bought the cat when her mother, who died a year ago, was diagnosed with terminal cancer.
"She is a white ball of fluff with one green eye and one blue eye and the pinkest nose you've ever seen," Ms Silvas told BBC Radio Wales' Good Evening Wales.
"We called her Starina because we knew she was going to be a diva, just instinctively, just took one look at her.
"Then Esperanza because it's hope in Spanish, and my mum was going through chemotherapy at the time so we thought she could bring us a little bit of hope."
"We just saw this little face, and met her on Skype, and just fell in love with her," Ms Silvas added.
"She has been very important to me since I lost my mum a year ago. She's the thing that got me through."
Ms Silvas said she put Starina in her handbag because she did not have a carrier - and she seemed happy to stay there and be carried around.
"I think she prefers Wales [to London], probably because we have a bit more outdoor life here. She has been on the tube in London," Ms Silvas said.
"She's a proper travelling little lady."

The minute-long promo sees the American Gigolo star modelling lingerie alongside the likes of Kirsten Dunst and Rashida Jones from The Office.
Vogue praised the ad, directed by Sofia Coppola, for proving "there's no age limit to being an underwear model".
Yet other outlets have taken issue with Hutton's fleeting appearance.
"Her screen time is a fraction of that of the younger women present," writes New Zealand publication Stuff.
Hutton, who began her career as a model before turning to acting, has made a low-key return to modelling in recent years.
She has been seen in campaigns for the J.Crew line and appeared as a catwalk model during last year's Milan Fashion Week.
Her latest gig follows 94-year-old fashion maven Iris Apfel being hired as the face of Australian fashion label Blue Illusion and Citroen's DS 3.
Christie Brinkley, 63, also appeared recently on the cover of Sports Illustrated's annual Swimsuit Issue.
Harvey Nichols also made headlines last year for running an ad in Vogue featuring a 100-year old model.
Calvin Klein's latest campaign follows another launched earlier this year featuring the male stars of Oscar-winning film Moonlight.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


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Question: A £450,000 resurfacing of the towpath on part of the Leeds and Liverpool canal in North Yorkshire has begun.

It is to improve access and traffic-free routes for walkers and cyclists on a three-mile stretch between Skipton and Bradley.
It is to also link Skipton town centre with the Snaygill Industrial Estate, said the Canal and River Trust.
Nick Smith, for the trust, said the work would be a "real boost" for all who use it.
There have been complaints about the condition of the towpath along this stretch. It is currently in a poor condition, muddy with little stone or hard surfacing, said the trust.
This makes access difficult for many users and the towpath is little used in winter.
The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is Britain's longest man-made waterway. It was used to carry coal, limestone, wool, cotton, grain and other farm produce.
It is now primarily used for leisure boating, walking, angling and cycling.
Building the waterway started in 1770 and was only finally completed in 1816, some 46 years later. It is 127 mile (204 km) long.
There are to be some diversions on the towpath during the work, that is to last about 14 weeks, said the trust.

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The three-mile (5k) road is designed to reduce traffic flow through Bedale, Leeming Bar and Aiskew.
The road is a single carriageway between the A684 north of Bedale and east of Leeming Bar, crossing the A1(M) where there is a new junction.
Work had been due to be completed in the autumn.
More on this and other stories from North Yorkshire
About 14,000 vehicles a day use the existing road causing considerable congestion, said North Yorkshire County Council.
A Roman villa uncovered during the scheme has been designated as an ancient monument.


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Question: A chronology of key events:

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1498 - Christopher Columbus sights Guyana.
1580 - Dutch establish trading posts upriver.
1620 - Dutch West India Company establishes a foothold in Guyana, including armed bases, and imports slaves from Africa to work on the sugar plantations.
1780-1813 - Guyana changes hands several times between the Dutch, French and British.
1814 - Britain occupies Guyana during the Napoleonic Wars.
1831 - Guyana officially declared a British colony.
1834 - Slavery abolished; many slaves leave plantations to set up their own freeholdings and are replaced by indentured workers mainly from India.
1879 - Gold is discovered in Guyana and is followed by an economic boom.
Britain sent troops after blaming unrest on "communists"
On This Day 1953: Britain sends troops
1889 - Venezuela lays claim to a large portion of Guyana west of the Essequibo river.
1899 - International arbitration tribunal rules in favour of Guyana (then called British Guiana) in the territorial dispute with Venezuela.
1953 - Britain suspends Guyana's constitution, sends in troops and installs an interim administration after democratic elections for parliament produces a result not to its liking - a victory for the left-wing Indo-Guyanese Progressive People's Party (PPP).
1957 - Britain restores Guyanese constitution; PPP splits along racial lines, with Cheddi Jagan leading a mostly Indian party and Forbes Burnham leading a party of African descendants, the People's National Congress (PNC).
1961 - Guyana granted full autonomy, with Britain retaining control over internal and defence matters; Jagan of the PPP becomes prime minister.
1962 - Venezuela revives its territorial claims on Guyana; Cheddi Jagan introduces austerity programme, sparking off violent riots and a general strike; British troops sent in to restore order.
1963 - Racial violence between people of African origins and Indian supporters of Jagan.
1966 - Guyana becomes independent with Forbed Burnham as prime minister.
Over 900 cult members led by Jim Jones committed mass suicide at the Jonestown settlement
Guyana mulls future of Jonestown death site
1978: Mass suicide leaves 900 dead
1970 - Guyana becomes a republic within the British Commonwealth with Raymond Arthur Chung as titular president.
1978 - Nine hundred members of a religious sect commit mass suicide at Jonestown, a community established by sect leader Jim Jones.
1980 - Guyana gets a new constitution and Burnham becomes the country's first executive president.
1985 - Desmond Hoyte (PNC) becomes president following the death of Burnham; economy begins to deteriorate.
1992 - PPP wins first completely free parliamentary elections since independence; Cheddi Jagan becomes president.
1997 - Jagan dies and is replaced by his wife, Janet, after elections.
1998 - Government declares state of emergency in Georgetown in response to violent riots amid allegations of discrimination by PPP against Afro-Guyanese.
1999 - Bharrat Jagdeo becomes president after Janet Jagan resigned for health reasons.
2000 - Long-running dispute with Suriname over the offshore border comes to a head when Surinam gunboats evict an oil exploration rig from the area. Guyana had approved the exploration.
2002 July - TV presenter Mark Benschop charged with treason. Court says he encouraged protest in which presidential complex was stormed by demonstrators, who were complaining of discrimination against Afro-Guyanese.
2003 April - US embassy employee is kidnapped and released after a ransom is paid. The abduction is part of a wave of violent crime; the murder rate in 2002 quadrupled to more than 160.
2004 May - Home Affairs Minister Ronald Gajraj steps down to allow an inquiry into allegations that he is linked to a death squad accused of executing hundreds of suspected criminals.
2004 June - UN sets up tribunal to try to resolve long-running maritime border dispute between Guyana and neighbouring Suriname.
2004 December - Jury at trial of TV presenter Mark Benschop, charged with treason in 2002, fails to deliver unanimous verdict, necessitating re-trial.
2005 January - Government declares the capital a disaster zone as severe flooding follows days of continuous rain. More than 30 people are killed. UN estimates loss to the economy to be $500m.
2005 April - Ronald Gajraj reappointed as interior minister after inquiry clears him of direct involvement in killings of known and suspected criminals. He resigns in May.
2006 April - Agriculture Minister Satyadeow Sawh is shot dead. The murder is part of a string of gun crimes. The ruling party says the killing is intended to incite pre-election violence.
2006 August - President Bharrat Jagdeo wins another five-year term in general elections.
2007 June - Former Guyanese MP Abdul Kadir is arrested in Trinidad on suspicion of involvement in a plot of blow up New York's JFK airport.
2007 September - A UN tribunal rules in the Guyana-Suriname dispute over maritime territory, giving both a share of a potentially oil-rich offshore basin.
2008 July - President Bharrat Jagdeo accuses the EU of using its economic might to 'bully' developing nations into accepting its terms in negotiations with 16 Caribbean countries over a trade agreement.
2008 October - President Jagdeo signs trade agreement with EU.
2010 October - Parliament abolishes mandatory death penalty for murderers, unless they have killed members of security forces.
2011 November - Donald Ramotar is elected as president. Ruling People's Progressive Party loses majority at parliamentary elections, but remains largest party.
2012 July - Three die as police clash with demonstrators protesting against electricity price hikes.
2014 November - President Ramotar suspends opposition-dominated parliament just before it debates no-confidence motion in his government. Opposition accuses him of undermining democracy.
2015 May - Ex-general David Granger of the Afro-Guyanese Partnership for National Unity and Alliance for Change wins presidential election by slim margin, ending 23 years of rule by Indian-dominated People's Progressive Party.
ExxonMobil announces "significant" oil discovery off Guyana in waters claimed by Venezuela, which repeats its claim. Guyana seeks UN mediation.

A selection of photos from across the African continent this week:


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Stoke City chairman Peter Coates says he fully expects Potters goalkeeper Jack Butland to recover from his injury and enjoy a successful England career.

Butland, 23, will miss Euro 2016 in France following ankle surgery after being carried off during England's 3-2 friendly win over Germany in March.
"We've got the very highest expectations of him," Coates, 78, told BBC Radio Stoke.
"It was no surprise that he was the obvious choice to replace Joe Hart."
Butland, who recently signed a new long-term contract with Stoke, had been an ever-present in the Potters' Premier League campaign before picking up his injury in Berlin.
And although a likely return date for the former Birmingham City keeper is not yet known, Coates is certain Butland's international ambitions will not be harmed.
"We're hugely disappointed for him - he deserved his opportunity," Coates continued. "He's been through the England youth system and he's very highly thought of.
"We've seen him have his first full Premier League season and do really well."
In the absence of Butland, Stoke gave a Premier League debut to Jakob Haugaard in Saturday's 2-2 draw with Swansea.
The Dane was unable to prevent Stoke throwing away a two-goal lead but Coates was pleased to see Haugaard given his chance.
"We weren't surprised (he played) - the manager and his coaching staff all have great confidence in him," he said. "He had a good first game in the Premier League."
Eighth-placed Stoke's Europa League ambitions suffered a setback against the Swans but Coates says qualifying for Europe next season remains the target.
"It's something we'd like to do - for the club, the supporters and everyone connected to Stoke," Coates said.
"If we can be challenging that'll be good - Uefa are trying to encourage English clubs to take it seriously through the finances and I think we do."

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

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Manager Roy Hodgson resigned minutes after the 2-1 last-16 loss and was very reluctantly undergoing his final media duties in charge of England as the embarrassed squad prepared to depart France.
How many of those players will be key figures in the 2018 World Cup qualifying campaign after this sporting "Brexit"?
Joe Hart and Wayne Rooney are the two most senior members of England's squad who have question marks over them as they move towards the opening World Cup qualifier against Slovakia on 4 September.
Manchester City keeper Hart, 29, has been unchallenged as first choice in England's past three major tournaments, but he must now be under threat after a dreadful Euro 2016.
Hart looked over-hyped and made two very similar errors, conceding a goal against Wales and, crucially, doing so again for Iceland's winner that sent England out. Twice he was unable to keep out routine shots from Gareth Bale and Kolbeinn Sigthorsson low to his left, despite getting his hand on the ball.
He wins the remain vote because he still has pedigree - but his time at the top will now come under severe pressure from Southampton's Fraser Forster and Stoke City keeper Jack Butland, who missed the tournament through injury.
Manchester United captain Rooney, soon to be 31, leaves yet another showpiece with the bitter taste of disappointment. He may not be part of the side that plays in Russia in two years - but he should not be discarded in the attempt to get there.
England's record goalscorer and captain equalled David Beckham's record of 115 caps for an outfield player against Iceland and celebrated with a goal, but his lamentable performance afterwards came as a shock given his fine displays against Russia and Wales.
Rooney looked shell-shocked at the final whistle. He has stated his willingness to carry on but England's next manager must decided whether he is now a midfield man - the more likely option - or a striker.
The debate will continue about his worth, but Rooney still has something to offer England.
Chris Smalling and John Stones are England's centre-back partnership of the future, once the talented Everton youngster regains his best form, while the right-back spot is taken care of by Kyle Walker and Nathaniel Clyne. It is yet to be proved whether they are true international class, but they showed enough in France to stay in the plans.
Dele Alli had a poor Euro 2016, looking jaded from his exertions at Tottenham, but he will be a mainstay of England's midfield for years to come.
Everton midfielder Ross Barkley did not see a minute of action in France, confirming the suspicion that Hodgson never quite trusted his unpredictable talents. He may have better luck with the next manager and should stay in the squad.
Liverpool's Adam Lallana was unlucky to lose his place to Raheem Sterling against Iceland but showed enough to also remain.
Sterling, 21, is at a real crossroads in his career now after a very poor Euro 2016. It may be significant that he received a morale-boosting phone call from his new Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola during the tournament.
If Guardiola can re-ignite the £49m forward's electric pace and creativity, England could be the beneficiaries - so for that reason alone he remains.
Tottenham's Eric Dier had the same nightmare as his team-mates against Iceland. He was surprisingly replaced by Jack Wilshere after 45 minutes but he was another who demonstrated at Euro 2016 he can be a key part of the future.
Harry Kane had a miserable time of it, his awful set-pieces almost acting as a symbol for England's struggles, but the 22-year-old Tottenham striker is a class act. He scored 25 Premier League goals last season and has five in 16 England appearances. He will definitely stay in.
Daniel Sturridge is another who stays if he can keep fit but the one shining gem for the future is Manchester United's 18-year-old Marcus Rashford, whose electrifying four minutes against Iceland begged the question about why he was not used earlier.
Barring unforeseen circumstances, he will be an England regular and a potent force for years to come.
Remain: Joe Hart, Fraser Forster, John Stones, Chris Smalling, Kyle Walker, Nathaniel Clyne, Danny Rose, Dele Alli, Adam Lallana, Eric Dier, Ross Barkley, Raheem Sterling, Wayne Rooney, Harry Kane, Daniel Sturridge, Marcus Rashford.
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Not too many will be on their way out but one will be Burnley's Tom Heaton. The 30-year-old is a fine keeper but he is now likely to see his England career restricted to the three minutes of action he saw against Australia at Sunderland's Stadium Of Light in May.
Butland will be fit again for the start of the World Cup qualifiers after fracturing his ankle in England's 3-2 win in Germany in March and will come back.
Chelsea's Gary Cahill may be a controversial member of this group, but again he has fallen short at a major tournament. The future of England's central defence must be Smalling and Stones, although the 30-year-old may still provide back up with the likes of Everton captain Phil Jagielka and Manchester United's Phil Jones.
Southampton's Ryan Bertrand is another who failed to make the most of his Euro 2016 opportunity and now faces a fight to keep his place. He started the tournament injured then gave a very nervy display against Slovakia, when his carelessness with his arms in tackles could have seen him receive a red card.
It is now surely the end of the England line for James Milner, the 30-year-old workhorse restricted to a brief appearance as a substitute when he won his 61st cap in the opening game against Russia. He has been a fine, reliable servant for England but it is time for the midfielder to move on.
Jack Wilshere must stay on the outside until he proves he can be welcomed back in. This may seem harsh but he did little else in France than take up a place in the squad.
This should not be considered a criticism of Wilshere. The midfielder was bound to be short of fitness after only playing 141 minutes for Arsenal last season and was another example of Hodgson's folly.
There is every chance the talented 24-year-old will come again - but he must now prove he can play at the highest level for a length of time with the Gunners before he is even considered for England again.
Leave: Tom Heaton, Ryan Bertrand, Gary Cahill, Jack Wilshere, James Milner.
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There are a few candidates old and new scrapping for inclusion in the future.
At the head of the queue is talented keeper Butland, the 23-year-old who took his game to new levels at Stoke City until that injury in Berlin. If he starts next season he will exert real pressure on the struggling Hart, along with Forster.
Liverpool captain Jordan Henderson gave a mixed display in England's 0-0 draw against Slovakia and still has to show he is true international class.
And what about Leicester City's Jamie Vardy? Has he got the game to pierce the sort of packed, well-drilled defences he will face with England? He scored against Wales but had no impact once Slovakia sat back in the third group game.
Vardy has every chance to be part of England's future, but to make sure he must start next season in the same sort of form that won him a Premier League title with the Foxes last season.
England have plenty of left-backs but none can lay serious claim to the position, although Danny Rose took the role in France.
Ben Chilwell may not have played a Premier League game for Leicester but the 19-year-old is wanted by Liverpool - and if he is good enough to impress Jurgen Klopp he is sure to be on England's radar once he gets game time.
And let's not forget Manchester United defender Luke Shaw, who was looking certain to make Hodgson's squad for France for before suffering a double leg break in a Champions League defeat at PSV Eindhoven in September.
Southampton's James Ward-Prowse has real promise and captained England Under-21s to triumph for the first time in 22 years at the prestigious Toulon tournament in France, where Chelsea's Ruben Loftus-Cheek also distinguished himself.
West Ham United have a real talent in the making in 17-year-old defender Reece Oxford, who has already attracted glances from other clubs, although they are determined to hold on to him. He has represented England through the youth levels and will be one to watch over the next couple of years.
Of the slightly older generation, Leicester's Danny Drinkwater was unlucky to be dropped from England's provisional 26-man squad for Euro 2016 and Manchester City's Fabian Delph will be hoping to revive his hopes along with Arsenal pair Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain and Theo Walcott.
Fighting for membership: Jack Butland, Jordan Henderson, Jamie Vardy, Luke Shaw, Ben Chilwell, James Ward-Prowse, Ruben Loftus-Cheek, Reece Oxford, Danny Drinkwater, Fabian Delph, Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, Theo Walcott, Andros Townsend, Danny Welbeck.
Who do you think should be in the England team? Pick your XI - and then share it with your friends.


Question: This is the first sentence of a news article. Represent it to easily retrieve the remaining few sentences of the article

Question: Back in the 1970s, when I first lived in Latin America and was hooked by a fascination for this region that has never left, virtually every country here was ruled by a military dictatorship.

They were brutal, inhuman regimes led by men with notorious reputations for violence and suppressing opposition - Augusto Pinochet in Chile, Alfredo Stroessner in Paraguay, Jorge Rafael Videla in Argentina and so on.
One of the great success stories across the region, in the intervening three or four decades, was how most of those dictatorships were driven out - usually by the overwhelming force of peaceful, popular pressure - and were replaced by elected democratic governments.
The general consensus among observers, politicians and the Latin American public is that democracy is here to stay.
That is certainly the case here in Brazil, a country that has grown into one of the world's top 10 economies, where vigorous political debate is the everyday norm and where, since the return of civilian rule in 1985, the army's place has unquestionably been back in the barracks.
So, even in these times of social unrest and economic crisis in Brazil, there is no real threat of military intervention. But many people are describing the removal of the country's first female leader as a coup, albeit one carried out by politicians rather than generals.
That is certainly how Dilma Rousseff herself sees things after a vote in the country's senate triggered her dismissal over charges that she illegally manipulated government accounts to hide the scale of the budget deficit.
For Ms Rousseff the experience was not as physically painful as the torture and abuse she suffered as a prisoner under the former dictatorship, but she felt just as keenly a sense of injustice and abuse of power.
Dilma Rousseff vigorously denied the charges which in the great scheme of things could be characterised as relatively minor.
She has repeatedly described the process as a plot by her political opponents to force her from office, replacing without an election a leftist, socialist government with a centre-right, market-friendly alternative.
In other words, say Ms Rousseff and her supporters also believe it was a coup.
But if the term "coup" describes a sudden and illegal seizure of power, that is arguably not what happened in Brazil.
Dilma Rousseff's removal was a long drawn-out legal affair, overseen by the country's Supreme Court.
Impeachment is a provision laid out in the Brazilian constitution, as it is in many other democracies. As flimsy or irrelevant as many thought the charges were, the [now] former president was able to defend herself by legal argument and with counsel throughout.
The law might be an ass, but it is still the law.
Dilma Rousseff has never been formally accused of corruption or self-enrichment, unlike many of the men who have sat in judgment over her in the Brazilian Congress during the recent turbulent weeks and months.
Nor has she been implicated in the wide-ranging "car wash" corruption scandal, involving the payment of billions of dollars in bribes in relation to contracts at the state controlled oil giant, Petrobras.
Several senior politicians, including members of Ms Rousseff's own Workers Party, have been ensnared in the scandal.
One widely-held belief is that the overriding concern for Brazil's well-heeled political elite is to find a way of shutting down or, emasculating, the corruption investigation before it goes any deeper.
Fernando Gabeira, once a left-wing senator but who now commentates on Brazilian politics says what has happened is "good for Brazil".
"The rules were obeyed, the constitution was considered and it means that Brazil's democracy will be stronger than before."
Others, including Gleisi Hoffman, a former minister in the last Rousseff government disagree.
She described the removal of a democratically elected leader as  "a sordid and lamentable affair".
Dilma Rousseff's biggest mistake, and perhaps the real reason that she was impeached, was her unwillingness or inability to make the deals and alliances necessary to run an effective government in Brazil's fractured multi-party system.
Her last two years in office have been plagued by an economy in recession, rising inflation and unemployment.
Brazilians have become worried that many of the gains made in the first 10 years of Workers Party rule could be lost under her stewardship, in stark contrast to the years of plenty, fuelled by high oil prices, overseen by her more charismatic, politically astute and but perhaps less scrupulous predecessor, President Lula da Silva.
In the shape of Ms Rousseff's replacement and former deputy, Michel Temer, Brazil now has a centre-right president who has promised to protect the popular social programmes introduced by the Rousseff/Lula governments.
But, vowing to get the country's broken economy back on track, Mr Temer is also looking to cut government budgets and change priorities. It is a familiar conundrum and within an hour of being sworn in, the new leader was flying to China for the G-20 summit.
Brazilian democracy has been damaged and sullied in the eyes of many by what happened in Brasilia.
Back-stabbing, betrayal and the ever-present spectre of corruption? Yes.  But a coup?  Probably not.

His backdrop was the poverty-stricken, and often violent world of his Colombian home where democracy never really found roots.
His stories wove imaginary magical elements into real life and were often set in a fictional village called Macondo.
A left-winger by conviction he was not slow to criticise the Colombian government and spent a great part of his life in exile.
Garcia Marquez was born in the town of Aracataca, Colombia on 6 March 1927.
Shortly after he was born, his father became a pharmacist and his parents moved away. The young Marquez was left in the care of his maternal grandparents.
His grandfather, a veteran of Colombia's Thousand Days' War and a liberal activist, gave him an awareness of politics.
From his grandmother, Garcia Marquez learned of superstitions and folk tales.  She spoke to him of dead ancestors, ghosts and spirits dancing round the house, all in a deadpan style that he would later adopt for his greatest novel.
Garcia Marquez went to a Jesuit college and began to study law, but soon broke off his studies to work as a journalist.
In 1954, he was sent to Rome on a newspaper assignment, and since that time, lived mostly abroad, in Paris, Venezuela, and finally Mexico City.
He always continued his work as a journalist, even when his fiction increased in popularity.
Heavily influenced by the work of William Faulkner, Garcia Marquez wrote his first novel at the age of 23 although it took seven years to find a publisher.
Published in 1955, Leaf Storm and his three subsequent novels received critical acclaim from the literary establishment but did not reach the wide audience he would win with his later books.
In 1965, the idea for the first chapter of One Hundred Years of Solitude came to him while he was driving to Acapulco.
He turned the car, drove home and locked himself into his room with six packets of cigarettes a day for company.
He emerged 18 months later to find his family $12,000 in debt.  Fortunately, he had thirteen hundred pages of phenomenal best-selling text in his hands.
The novel's first printing in Spanish sold out within a week, and during the next thirty years One Hundred Years of Solitude sold more than twenty million copies and was translated into more than thirty languages.
The New York Times called it the first piece of literature since the Book of Genesis that should be required reading for the entire human race.
Following its publication, Garcia Marquez was asked to act as a facilitator in negotiations between the Colombian government and a number of guerrilla organisations including Farc and ELN.
He also became friends with the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, a relationship that Garcia Marquez insisted was based on books.
"Fidel is a very cultured man," he said in an interview. "When we're together we talk about literature."
In 1982 Garcia Marquez received the Nobel Prize for Literature. He received praise for the vibrancy of his prose and the rich language he used to convey his overflowing imagination.
Some saw his work as deliberate exaggeration, a supernatural, mythical approach he effected to escape the unrest of his country.
He said himself that "surrealism came from the reality of Latin America," and such works as The General in his Labyrinth and The Autumn of the Patriarch illustrate his growing political opposition to the increasing violence in Colombia.
Garcia Marquez's place in the ranks of literary masters was further assured by the publication of another best-selling work, Love in the Time of Cholera in 1986.
In the story of two couples, the younger based on the love affair between his own parents.
The Mexican novelist, Carlos Macias described Garcia Marquez as perhaps the best writer in Spanish since Cervantes.
"He is one of those rare artists who succeed in chronicling, not only a nation's life, culture and history, but also those of an entire continent."


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: Liberal Democrat Chief Secretary to the Treasury Danny Alexander has said the Conservatives proposed to "slash" child benefit while the two parties were in government together.

represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary

Mr Alexander said he was "lifting the lid" on plans including limiting child benefit and tax credit to two children.
He claimed his party blocked the move, which he said was worth £8bn.
The Conservatives said they recognised none of the proposals, which were "definitely not" party policy.
"This is desperate stuff from Liberal Democrats who are now willing to say anything to try and get attention," a Conservative spokesman added.
In other election news, with a week to go before polling day:
The Conservatives have said they want to find a further £12bn in savings to the welfare bill, which they argue is achievable given that £21bn has been saved in the past five years.
They have yet to specify where the savings will be made, and Mr Alexander said the list of measures he revealed to the Guardian "shines a light" on the scale of cuts the Tories would have to make to working-age benefits.
The Guardian said the measures were contained in a paper circulated to the four most senior Cabinet members by Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith in 2012.
Mr Alexander said the proposals also included removing child benefit from 16 to 19 year-olds, as well as means testing the payment.
The coalition government has already restricted child benefit - aimed at helping parents cope with the cost of bringing up children - for parents earning £50,000 a year.
This election issue includes access to benefits (apart from pensions), poverty and inequality.
Policy guide: Where the parties stand
Mr Alexander said: "I'm lifting the lid on this now because the Conservatives are trying to con the British people by keeping their planned cuts secret until after the election."
Rachel Reeves, Labour's shadow work and pensions secretary, said: "This evidence confirms the Tories' secret plan to cut family budgets."
Speaking on BBC Radio 4's The World at One on Wednesday, Conservative Chief Whip Michael Gove said working age benefits would be "frozen not cut" for two years under his party's proposals.
The welfare row comes ahead of the special edition of Question Time, broadcast from Leeds Town Hall and shown live on BBC One and broadcast on BBC Radio 5 live from 20:00 to 21:30 BST.
Mr Cameron will be first up, followed by Mr Miliband and then Mr Clegg. They will each appear separately to face audience questions, with David Dimbleby hosting. Each leader will be questioned for 30 minutes. The questions, which will be submitted by audience members on the night, will vary between the different leaders.
There will also be separate Ask the Leader programmes. On BBC One in Scotland, SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon will take questions at 21:30 BST, and in Wales it will be the turn of Plaid Cymru's Leanne Wood after the News at Ten.
At that time, viewers in England will be able to watch Nigel Farage taking questions from an audience in Birmingham. This programme will be shown later in the evening on BBC One in Wales.
The Question Time show is the final programme of four that were agreed after drawn-out negotiations between parties and broadcasters over the timing and line-up of this year's election TV debates.

this is part of a news article. represent it to retrieve the first (missing) sentence of the article

An all-Wales policing plan will be launched to give the public a say.
Labour has also pledged "fair funding" for Wales, claiming the Conservatives have cut the Welsh budget by Â£1.5bn.
Opposition parties accused Labour of failing to come up with a credible economic plan, with continued cuts or higher borrowing than necessary.
Labour leader Ed Miliband said his party will "change the way the country is run and who it is run for" at the manifesto launch in Manchester on Monday, promising its policies would require no extra borrowing.
On powers for Wales, Labour said it was following the recommendations on further devolution by the Silk Commission, which had been set up by the Conservative and Liberal Democrat coalition government.
They also said that, as in Scotland, all powers will be considered devolved to Wales unless specifically reserved.
Responding for the Conservatives, Chancellor George Osborne said:  "Today Ed Miliband failed to provide a credible economic plan and nobody will be fooled", claiming a deficit every year would result in "more borrowing, more debt and higher taxes".
Jenny Willott of the Liberal Democrats said: "By failing to set a clear timetable for when they plan to finish the job of balancing the books, Labour is playing Russian roulette with Britain's economy."
She added: "Whichever way they dress it up, their plans would mean borrowing Â£70bn more than is necessary and would drag austerity out for years to come."
Plaid Cymru candidate Harri Roberts criticised Labour's promise of a "budget responsibility lock", with no new borrowing to pay for its policies.
"With this manifesto, the Labour party locks the door to economic recovery in Wales and other less advantaged parts of the UK," he said.
UKIP's leader in Wales, Nathan Gill, said: "At every opportunity Labour have opposed any cuts to public services, but criticised government borrowing.
"In their 13 years in power they doubled the national debt, yet they criticise the coalition for doing the same. Neither Labour or the Conservatives can be trusted with the economy."
Meanwhile, comedian Eddie Izzard hit the campaign trail for Labour in Cardiff, saying the party was promoting "fairness".


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: Former prime minister Gordon Brown has said an independent Scotland would become "an international outcast" if it refused to accept a share of UK debt.

Represent the news to retrieve its missing first sentence.

In a speech in Coatbridge on Monday night, Mr Brown said refusing to take on debt would be considered as a "default".
He said this would push up interest rates and the cost of borrowing.
The SNP says Scotland cannot be liable for a debt the UK government has accepted full responsibility for.
In the first of a series of speeches Gordon Brown is to make across Scotland, he described defaulting on debt as a "road to ruin" and said even Zimbabwe was honouring its international debt commitments.
He went on to say "we are an interdependent world" and called on Scottish people to "build on something we have built over the last century" naming "Scottish ideas, Scottish leaders" as having helped shape the UK.
Mr Brown claimed there were "five positives" to be enjoyed from remaining part of the UK:
First Minister Alex Salmond has said Scotland would not be obliged to take on any debt after a "Yes" vote, if the rest of the UK refused to agree a formal pound-sharing deal.
The Scottish government insists Scotland cannot "default" on a debt it is not legally liable for, pointing out that the UK government has accepted liability for the whole debt in the event of independence.
Alex Salmond will set out his vision of the gains of independence for the food and drink industry on a visit to Eden Mill distillery and brewery in Guardbridge, Fife, on Tuesday.
Speaking ahead of the visit he said: "More and more people are waking up to the fact that Scotland has a strong and diverse economy on which we can build a more prosperous future with control of key economic levers.
"Scotland is currently in the international spotlight like never before, but the huge publicity generated by a 'Yes' vote - and the transition to independence - will be the opportunity of a lifetime for our food and drink sector to extend its global reach even further."
Shadow Scottish secretary Margaret Curran and Labour MSP Iain Gray will be at Glasgow's Tennent Caledonian Breweries to highlight jobs and opportunities they say will be available as part of the UK.

Sir Nicholas Macpherson has proposed a separate Scottish currency.
He also suggested that a big shift in tax and spending would probably require low taxes and a smaller, more efficient state sector.
Sir Nicholas was the top civil servant at the Treasury in Whitehall.
In that role, he took the unprecedented step two years ago of publicising his advice to ministers about the risks of the UK breaking up.
He is now an academic at King's College London, and writing in the Financial Times, he set out ways in which the case for independence within the European Union could now be significantly stronger.
Sir Nicholas argued that supporters of independence should plan for a separate Scottish currency with a central bank to back it up.
Over time, that could lead to convergence with the euro currency, though the experience of Sweden shows that could be avoided.
He repeated his view from 2014 that the Treasury would not have done a deal on sharing control over sterling with an independent administration at Holyrood.
But he said an independent Scotland in Europe would "have no interest in seeking to tie its currency to a country that wishes to put more distance between itself and the EU".
Other economists have warned of the problem facing an independent Scotland if it broke away from use of sterling currency, given that it sells far more into the English, Welsh and Northern Irish markets than it does to the rest of the world.
The former Treasury mandarin suggested an independent Scotland could poach financial services work from London, though it might lose the headquarters of the Royal Bank of Scotland. That would mean a reduced state exposure to the risks carried by RBS.
Sir Nicholas repeated his warnings of the 2014 independence plans being over-optimistic about tax revenue, particularly from oil production.
But he said the work is being done to build credibility for the Scottish government's financial management, with its own independent fiscal council.
He wrote: "There is now a much better opportunity for informed debate about public finances, taking into account changing North Sea oil production levels and wider demographic trends.
"The Scottish government can strengthen its credibility by setting out long-term plans for public services, public investment and social security, in particular pensions.
It also has a chance for major tax reform, aimed at attracting inward investment and highly skilled migrants, but as that would mean low business and income tax rates, "it may also point to a smaller, more efficient state".
Scottish Finance Secretary Derek Mackay said they were "quite remarkable comments" from someone who had previously been a "fierce critic" of independence.
"I think that confirms much of what the SNP government had been saying about the economic strength that Scotland had and also the economic opportunity we now have in trying to continue Scotland's place within Europe," he told the BBC.
"I think there's a number of people that have reconsidered their position in light of the Brexit vote and how Scotland has voted with such a huge margin to remain within the EU."
But Mr Mackay added that he disagreed with Sir Nicholas's suggestion to make Scotland a low tax, small state economy.
Labour MP and former Scottish shadow secretary Ian Murray said the Financial Times article just piled "uncertainty on top of the uncertainty".
"What Sir Nicholas Macpherson has actually done is just reopened all the arguments from 2014 about currency, about central banks and the economic arguments for independence - which is much, much weaker today than it was indeed in 2014, and much weaker today than the day before the referendum on the European Union."
He said the proposals would mean an independent Scotland operating with a different currency to its biggest trading partner - the UK - and "slashing public services to pay for it".


Question: Represent the text to find a corresponding news article that continues the story

Question: An on-the-spot test to diagnose three types of hepatitis is being developed.

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It would use a patient's saliva instead of blood and the test would be as simple and quick as a blood glucose sensor or a pregnancy test.
Current screening for hepatitis A, B and C involves taking blood with results taking up to seven days.
The two-year project is a joint venture between the UK and China with Swansea playing a key role through Swansea University's Centre for NanoHealth.
Hepatitis is a huge global problem with nearly 400 million people worldwide affected, resulting in more than one point four million deaths per year.
The World Health Organisation has reported 257 million people infected with hepatitis B alone.
Swansea-based Biovici is leading the project which has been funded by the UK's Newton Fund and also partnered by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), the UK's National Measurement Institute and University of Chongqing and industry partner CTN.
Paul Morgan, chief executive at Biovici, said: "This collaboration between NPL, Swansea University's Centre for NanoHealth and our partners in China opens a unique opportunity to develop a low-cost, affordable test, which will bring major benefits to the global fight against the spread of this highly infectious disease.
"Many people associate hepatitis as a problem that happens elsewhere and not in their home country.
"However, hepatitis is a global epidemic which is rapidly affecting parts of the UK, throughout Europe and the USA."

Cardiff University scientists said highly toxic therapies had a limited ability to stop most cancers.
Instead, the researchers - working with scientists from across the world - said they would recommend low-toxicity chemicals from food and vegetables.
Clinical trials are under way in China with patients suffering from lung, liver and gastric cancers.


Question: Represent the summary to retrieve the rest of the news story with more details

Question: A Cuban passenger plane has crashed in the centre of the country, killing all 68 people on board, officials say.

The state-run Aerocaribbean aircraft had been flying from the eastern city of Santiago de Cuba to Havana.
The passengers included 28 foreigners. The other 33 passengers and seven crew members were all Cuban. There is no word on the cause of the crash.
However, both the data and voice flight recorders have now been located, investigators say.
"The black box and the voice recorder of the crashed plane... were found, so the investigation that is under way will have the basic elements to work with," Rolando Diaz, a prosecutor, told local media.
The French-built ATR twin turboprop went down late on Thursday local time in mountains near the town of Guasimal in Santi Spiritus province. Many of the 61 passengers it was carrying are believed to have been tourists.
A Civil Aviation Authority statement said the foreigners on the passenger list included nine Argentines, seven Mexicans, three Dutch citizens, two Germans, two Austrians, a French citizen, an Italian, a Spaniard, a Venezuelan and a Japanese citizen.
The twice-weekly flight 883 had originated in Port-au-Prince in Haiti and stopped over in Santiago.
The pilot reported an emergency before contact was lost.
Emergency crews and local residents had to use bulldozers to cut through thick vegetation to reach the crash scene, Cuban media say.
They pulled bodies from the wreckage but found no-one alive. One eyewitness described the crash site as "a ball of flame in the middle of the mountain".
It is not clear if bad weather was a factor in the crash. A tropical storm warning had been issued in Santiago de Cuba province where the plane took off.
One local resident said it was clear the plane was in difficulties before the crash.
"We saw it when it already had problems and was flying low," Miguel Garcia, a 68-year-old farmer, told the Agence France-Press news agency.
"At the moment, aviation and regional authorities are gathering the facts and details and have created a commission to investigate such a regrettable accident," the Civil Aviation Authority statement said.
News agencies report that the crash is the deadliest in Cuba since 3 September 1989 when a Soviet-built Ilyushin-62 heading for Milan crashed after take-off from Havana killing all 126 people on board and 40 on the ground.
The last passenger plane to crash on the island was an Antonov-2 which went down in Santa Clara province in March 2002, killing all 16 people on board.

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25 December  A Russian military Tu-154 jet airliner crashes in the Black Sea, with the loss of all 92 passengers and crew. The plane came down soon after take-off from an airport near the city of Sochi. It was carrying artistes due to give a concert for Russian troops in Syria, along with journalists and military.
7 December All 48 people on board a Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) plane were killed when it crashed in the north of the country. The national airline - accused of safety failures in the past - insisted this time that strict checks on Flight PK-661 from Chitral to Islamabad left "no room for any technical error".
28 November The plane carrying the football team of the Brazilian club Chapecoense runs out of fuel and crashes near Medellin, Colombia, killing 71 people, including most of the players and management. Three players were among the six survivors, while nine did not travel.
19 May French President Francois Hollande confirms that an EgyptAir flight reported missing between Paris and Cairo has crashed, with 66 people on board.
19 March A FlyDubai Boeing 737-800 crashes in Rostov-on-Don, Russia, killing all 62 people on board.
31 October  An Airbus A321, operated by Russian airline Kogalymavia, crashes over central Sinai some 22 minutes after taking off from Sharm el-Sheikh. All 224 people on board are killed.
30 June Indonesian Hercules C-130 military transport plane crashes into a residential area of Medan. The army says all 122 people on board died, along with at least 19 on the ground.
24 March: Germanwings Airbus A320 airliner crashes in the French Alps near Digne, on a flight from Barcelona to Dusseldorf. All 148 people on board were feared dead.
28 December: AirAsia QZ8501 flying from Surabaya in Indonesia to Singapore goes missing over the Java sea. The pilot radioed for permission to divert around bad weather but no mayday alert was issued. There were 162 passengers and crew on board.
24 July: Air Algerie AH5017 disappears over Mali amid poor weather near the border with Burkina Faso. The McDonnell Douglas MD-83 was operated by Spain's Swiftair, and was heading from Ouagadougou to Algiers carrying 116 passengers - 51 of them French. All are thought to have died.
23 July: Forty-eight people die when a Taiwanese ATR-72 plane crashes into stormy seas during a short flight. TransAsia Airways GE222 was carrying 54 passengers and four crew to the island of Penghu. It made an abortive attempt to land before crashing on a second attempt.
17 July: Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 crashes near Grabove in eastern Ukraine, killing all 298 people on board, 193 of them Dutch. Pro-Russian rebels are widely accused of shooting the plane down using a surface-to-air missile - they deny responsibility.
8 March: The disappearance of Malaysia Airlines MH370 during a flight from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing leads to the largest and most expensive search in aviation history. Despite vast effort, notably in the hostile South Indian Ocean, nothing was found until July 2015, when an aircraft wing part washed up on Reunion Island. French officials confirmed the debris was from MH370.
11 February: A military transport plane - a Hercules C-130 - carrying 78 people crashes in a mountainous part of north-eastern Algeria. Reports suggest there is one survivor from among the military personnel, family members and crew.
17 November: Tatarstan Airlines Boeing 737 crashes on landing in Kazan, Russia, killing all 50 people on board.
16 October: Forty-nine people, including foreigners from some 10 countries as well as Laotian nationals, die when a Lao Airlines ATR 72-600 plunges into the Mekong River as it came in to land.
3 June: A Dana Air passenger plane with about 150 people on board crashes in a densely populated area of Nigeria's largest city, Lagos.
20 April: A Bhoja Air Boeing 737 crashes on its approach to the main airport in the Pakistani capital Islamabad, killing all 121 passengers and six crew.
26 July: Some 78 people are killed when a Moroccan military C-130 Hercules crashes into a mountain near Guelmim in Morocco. Officials blamed bad weather.
8 July: A Hewa Bora Airways plane crash-lands in bad weather in Democratic Republic of Congo, killing 74 of the 118 people on board.
9 January: An IranAir Boeing 727 breaks into pieces near the city of Orumiyeh, killing 77 of the 100 people on board. The pilots had reported a technical failure before trying to land.
5 November: An Aerocaribbean passenger turboprop crashes in mountains in central Cuba, killing all 68 people on board.
28 July: A Pakistani plane on an Airblue domestic flight from Karachi crashes into a hillside while trying to land at Islamabad airport, killing all 152 people on board.
22 May: An Air India Express Boeing 737 overshot a hilltop airport in Mangalore, southern India, and crashed into a valley, bursting into flames and killing 158.
12 May: An Afriqiyah Airways Airbus 330 crashes while trying to land near Tripoli airport in Libya, killing more than 100 people.
10 April: A Tupolev 154 plane carrying Polish President Lech Kaczynski crashes near the Russian airport of Smolensk, killing more than 90 people on board.
25 January: Ethiopian Airlines passenger jet crashes into the sea with 89 people on board shortly after take-off from Beirut.
15 July: A Caspian Airlines Tupolev plane crashes  in the north of Iran en route to Armenia. All 168 passengers and crew are reported dead.
30 June: A Yemeni passenger plane, an Airbus 310, crashes in the Indian Ocean near the Comoros archipelago. Only one of the 153 people on board survives.
1 June: An Air France Airbus 330 travelling from Rio de Janeiro to Paris crashes into the Atlantic with 228 people on board. Search teams later recover some 50 bodies in the ocean.
20 May: An Indonesian army C-130 Hercules transport plane crashes into a village on eastern Java, killing at least 97 people.
12 February: A passenger plane crashes into a house in Buffalo, New York, killing all 49 people on board and one person on the ground.
14 September: A Boeing-737 crashes on landing near the central Russian city of Perm, killing all 88 passengers and crew members on board.
24 August: A passenger plane crashes shortly after take-off from Kyrgyzstan's capital, Bishkek, killing 68 people.
20 August: A Spanair plane veers off the runway on take-off at Madrid's Barajas airport, killing 154 people and injuring 18.
30 November: All 56 people on board an Atlasjet flight are killed when it crashes near the town of Keciborlu in the mountainous Isparta province, about 12km (7.5 miles) from Isparta airport.
16 September: At least 87 people are killed after a One-Two-Go plane crashed on landing in bad weather at the Thai resort of Phuket.
17 July: A TAM Airlines jet crashes on landing at Congonhas airport in Sao Paulo, in Brazil's worst-ever air disaster. A total of 199 people are killed - all 186 on board and 13 on the ground.
5 May: A Kenya Airways Boeing 737-800 crashes in swampland in southern Cameroon, killing all 114 on board. The official inquiry is yet to report on the cause of the disaster.
1 January: An Adam Air Boeing 737-400 carrying 102 passengers and crew comes down in mountains on Sulawesi Island on a domestic Indonesian flight. All on board are presumed dead.
29 September: A Boeing 737 carrying 154 passengers and crew crashed into the Amazon rainforest in Brazil, killing all on board, after colliding with a private jet in mid-air.
22 August: A Russian Tupolev-154 passenger plane with 170 people on board crashes north of Donetsk, in eastern Ukraine.
9 July: A Russian S7 Airbus A-310 skids off the runway during landing at Irkutsk airport in Siberia. A total of 124 people on board die, but more than 50 survive the crash.
3 May: An Armavia Airbus A-320 crashes into the Black Sea near Sochi, killing all 113 people on board.
10 December: A Sosoliso Airlines DC-9 crashes in the southern Nigerian city of Port Harcourt, killing 103 people on board.
6 December: A C-130 military transport plane crashes on the outskirts of the Iranian capital Tehran, killing 110 people, including some on the ground.
22 October: A Bellview airlines Boeing 737 carrying 117 people on board crashes soon after take-off from the Nigerian city of Lagos, killing everyone on board.
5 September: A Mandala Airlines plane with 112 passengers and five crew on board crashes after take-off in the Indonesian city of Medan, killing almost all on board and dozens on the ground.
16 August: A Colombian plane operated by West Caribbean Airways crashes in a remote region of Venezuela, killing all 160 people on board. The airliner, heading from Panama to Martinique, was packed with residents of the Caribbean island.
14 August: A Helios Airways flight from Cyprus to Athens with 121 people on board crashes north of the Greek capital Athens, apparently after a drop in cabin pressure.
16 July: An Equatair plane crashes soon after take-off from Equatorial Guinea's island capital, Malabo, west of the mainland, killing all 60 people on board.
3 February: The wreckage of Kam Air Boeing 737 flight is located in high mountains near the Afghan capital Kabul, two days after the plane vanished from radar screens in heavy snowstorms. All 104 people on board are feared dead.
21 November: A passenger plane crashes into a frozen lake near the city of Baotou in the Inner Mongolia region of northern China, killing all 53 on board and two on the ground, officials say.
3 January: An Egyptian charter plane belonging to Flash Airlines crashes into the Red Sea, killing all 141 people on board. Most of the passengers are thought to be French tourists.
25 December: A Boeing 727 crashes soon after take-off from the West African state of Benin, killing at least 135 people en route to Lebanon.
8 July: A Boeing 737 crashes in Sudan shortly after take-off, killing 115 people on board. Only one passenger, a small child survived.
26 May: A Ukrainian Yak-42 crashes near the Black Sea resort of Trabzon in north-west Turkey, killing all 74 people on board - most of them Spanish peacekeepers returning home from Afghanistan.
8 May: As many as 170 people are reported dead in DR Congo after the rear ramp of an old Soviet plane, an Ilyushin 76 cargo plane, apparently falls off, sucking them out.
6 March: An Algerian Boeing 737 crashes after taking off from the remote Tamanrasset airport, leaving up to 102 people dead.
19 February: An  Iranian military transport aircraft carrying 276 people crashes in the south of the country, killing all on board.
8 January: A Turkish Airlines plane with 76 passengers and crew on board crashes while coming in to land at Diyarbakir.
23 December: An Antonov 140 commuter plane carrying aerospace experts crashes in central Iran, killing all 46 people aboard. The delegation had been due to review an Iranian version of the same plane built under licence.
27 July: A fighter jet crashes into a crowd of spectators in the west Ukrainian town of Lviv, killing 77 people, in what is the world's worst air show disaster.
1 July: Seventy-one people, many of them children die when a Russian Tupolev 154 aircraft on a school trip to Spain collides with a Boeing 757 transport plane over southern Germany.
25 May: A Boeing 747 belonging to Taiwan's national carrier - China Airlines - crashes into the sea near the Taiwanese island of Penghu, with 225 passengers and crew on board.
7 May: China Northern Airlines plane carrying 112 people crashes into the sea near Dalian in north-east China.
7 May: On the same day, an EgyptAir Boeing 735 crash lands near Tunis with 55 passengers and up to 10 crew on board. Most people survive.
4 May: A BAC1-11-500 plane operated by EAS Airlines crashes in the Nigerian city of Kano, killing 148 people - half of them on the ground.
15 April: Air China flight 129 crashes on its approach to Pusan, South Korea, with over 160 passengers and crew on board.
12 February: A Tupolev 154 operated by Iran Air crashes in mountains in the west of Iran, killing all 117 on board.
29 January: A Boeing 727 from the Ecuadorean TAME airline crashes in mountains in Colombia, killing 92 people.
12 November: An American Airlines A-300 bound for the Dominican Republic crashes after takeoff in a residential area of the borough of Queens, New York, killing all 260 people on board and at least five people on the ground.
8 October: A Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) airliner collides with a small plane in heavy fog on the runway at Milan's Linate airport, killing 118 people.
4 October: A Russian Sibir Airlines Tupolev 154,en route from Tel Aviv to Novosibirsk in Siberia, explodes in mid-air and crashes into the Black Sea, killing 78 passengers and crew.
3 July: A Russian Tupolev 154,en route from Yekaterinburg in the Ural mountains to the Russian port of Vladivostok, crashes near the Siberian city of Irkutsk, killing 133 passengers and 10 crew.
30 October: A Singapore Airlines Boeing 747 bound for Los Angeles crashes after take-off from Taipei airport in Taiwan, killing 78 of the 179 people on board.
23 August: A Gulf Air Airbus crashes into the sea as it comes in to land in Bahrain, killing all 143 people on board.
25 July: Air France Concorde en route for New York crashes into a hotel outside Paris shortly after takeoff, killing 113 people, including four on the ground.
17 July: Alliance Air Boeing 737-200 crashes into houses attempting to land at Patna, India, killing 51 people on board and four on the ground.
19 April: Air Philippines Boeing 737-200 from Manila to Davao crashes on approach to landing, killing all 131 people on board.
31 January: Alaska Airlines MD-83 from Mexico to San Francisco plunges into ocean off southern California, killing all 88 people on board.
30 January: Kenya Airways A-310 crashes into Atlantic Ocean shortly after takeoff from Abidjan, Ivory Coast, en route for Lagos, Nigeria. All but 10 of the 179 people on board die.
31 October: EgyptAir Boeing 767 crashes into Atlantic Ocean after taking off from John F. Kennedy Airport in New York on flight to Cairo, Egypt, killing all 217 on board.
24 February: China Southwest Airlines plane crashes in a field in China's coastal Zhejiang province after a mid-air explosion. All 61 people on board the Russian-built TU-154 flying from Chongqing to the south-eastern city of Wenzhou are killed.
11 December: Thai Airways International A-310 crashes on a domestic flight during its third attempt to land at Surat Thani, Thailand, killing 101 people.
2 September: Swissair MD-11 from New York to Geneva crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off Canada killing all 229 people on board.
16 February: Airbus A-300 owned by Taiwan's China Airlines crashes near Taipei's Chiang Kai-shek airport while trying to land in fog and rain after a flight from Bali, Indonesia. All 196 on board and seven people on ground are killed.
2 February: Cebu Pacific Air DC-9 crashes into mountain in southern Philippines, killing all 104 people aboard.


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Question: South Africa's government has denied reports that ministers secretly plotted the departure of Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir last week.

Represent the news article to find a single sentence that could be used as a summary.

He faced the possibility of arrest because of an International Criminal Court (ICC) warrant on charges of genocide.
A South African court ordered Mr Bashir to stay in the country while it decided if the warrant should be carried out.
But before the court ruled, Mr Bashir flew out of South Africa.
BBC Africa Live: Updates through the day
Why SA let Bashir escape justice
Where can Bashir go now?
Sudan's president was in South Africa for an African Union summit and the government was aware that it may have been obliged to arrest him as it is a member of the ICC.
The government argued that Mr Bashir was covered by diplomatic immunity while he was at the summit.
South Africa's Sunday Times newspaper quotes a government source as saying that at a meeting of security ministers it was agreed that South Africa would protect Mr Bashir "even if it meant flouting court rulings and undermining the constitution".
In a statement, the government "categorically denies there was a secret meeting" and adds that it will give the court an explanation of how Mr Bashir came to leave the country.
The High Court has given the government until Wednesday to reveal how he was allowed to depart.
South Africa's main opposition Democratic Alliance has said that it will raise the issue in parliament on Tuesday, first with the foreign affairs minister and then in a debate.
It alleges that Mr Bashir was given assurances that he would be protected "from the highest level", DA foreign affairs spokesman Stevens Mokgalapa told the BBC's Newsday programme.

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A human rights group on Monday filed a case in a Nigerian court to try to compel the government to arrest Mr Bashir and hand him over to the International Criminal Court (ICC).
Mr Bashir was in Nigeria for an African Union-organised health summit due to end on Tuesday.
Sudanese diplomats said he left because he had another engagement.
The ICC issued an arrest warrant for Mr Bashir in 2009, accusing him of committing genocide during the 10-year conflict in Sudan's Darfur region.
On Tuesday, the ICC issued a statement saying it had asked Nigeria to arrest Mr Bashir before he left the country.
Sudan does not recognise the ICC and accuses it of being a tool of Western powers, while the AU has called on its members not to arrest Mr Bashir.
Genocide
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Profile: Sudan's Omar al-Bashir
Q&A: International Criminal Court
Mr Bashir was to due to speak at the summit in the capital, Abuja, on Monday, Nigeria's Guardian newspaper reports.
But when he was called to make a presentation, he was nowhere to be found, it says.
Sudan's ambassador to the African Union Abdelrahman Sirelkhatim Mohamed denied Mr Bashir left to evade arrest, AFP news agency reports.
"He's the bravest," Mr Mohamed is quoted as saying.
"If he's afraid of arrest, he would not have come here."
Mr Bashir received a full guard of honour from the Nigerian government when he arrived in Abuja on Sunday to attend the summit, which is looking at ways to curb malaria, Aids and tuberculosis in Africa.
He was among eight African leaders who attended the summit, Associated Press news agency reports.
Some had left on Monday, but others, including Kenya's President Uhuru Kenyatta, were still at the summit on Tuesday, Reuters news agency reports.
Nigerian presidential spokesman Reuben Abati told AP that Mr Bashir had been in Abuja at the AU's invitation, not Nigeria's.
Nigeria allowed him into the country in accordance with an AU decision not to cooperate with the ICC, he said.
The Nigerian Coalition for the International Criminal Court (NCICC) filed papers in the High Court on Monday, to push the government to arrest Mr Bashir.
Nigeria was in breach of its international obligations by failing to arrest him, and was fuelling a culture of impunity, NCICC chair Chino Obiagwu said.
Sudan's foreign ministry accused the UK of being hypocritical by criticising Nigeria for failing to arrest Mr Bashir.
"Britain participated in the Iraq invasion after it had manipulated the domestic and international opinion with reasons it knew were lies. Iraq, our friend, still suffers from the destruction," the ministry said in a statement, Reuters reports.
On Monday, the UK minister for Africa, Mark Simmonds, said Nigeria's decision to host Mr Bashir "undermines the work of the ICC and sends the victims a  dismaying message that the accountability they are waiting for will be delayed further".
Although Nigeria's government has resisted the calls to arrest Mr Bashir, in 2003, it handed ex-Liberian President Charles Taylor to a UN-backed court to stand trial on war crimes charges, following intense diplomatic pressure from the US.
Mr Taylor had been exiled in Nigeria, and was arrested as he tried to flee.
Mr Bashir has visited numerous African countries since the arrest warrant was issued - including Ethiopia, Kenya and Malawi.
Last year, Malawi's new leader said she did not want Mr Bashir to attend a summit there, reversing the position of her predecessor.
In 2011, a Kenyan court ruled that Sudan's president should be arrested if he ever visited the country following a case brought by a non-governmental organisation, the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ).
Some 2.7 million people have fled their homes since the conflict began in Darfur in 2003, and the UN says about 300,000 have died - mostly from disease.
The ICC says Mr Bashir's government backed Arab militias who targeted civilian members of the Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa communities.
Sudan's government says the conflict has killed about 12,000 people and the number of dead has been exaggerated for political reasons.