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Question: Still Chasing The Dream: 'American Idol' Eleven Years In

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In the natural order of things, thoughts of spring tickle our minds when budding wildflowers peep through softening earth. Or maybe a groundhog is involved. There may be snow on the ground in parts of the country, but for me, the warming trend begins when my flatscreen shows Randy Jackson strutting across some regional sports arena lobby, decorative pendant swinging in the breeze. I'm a creature of television habit, and American Idol is my seasonal indulgence. I've found more in Idol than simple relaxation. I began writing regularly about the show five years ago, and it was a big part of my previous gig as pop critic at the Los Angeles Times. In that city, where starmaking is a central concern, the newspaper deployed a whole team to cover the pivotal singing competition. As I applied my analytical skills to season after season, I realized that Idol, while offering silly diversion on one level, also provides a way to talk about the entertainment industry, musical trends, and how individual singers develop their vocal personalities, as well as the larger cultural issues that popular culture always reflects and helps us process. I don't turn to Idol to tell me what's relevant or new in pop. Instead, I follow it to better understand how many people dream about music. The strivers who audition for the show embody many different routes to pop success. As their ranks narrow and the battle heats up, the judges (and behind them, the show's producers) offer conventional music biz guidance on how to hone those approaches. And the voters, strategic as many may be, lend insight into what pop music means to a wide swath of Americans. This year I'm tapering off Idol a bit — instead of tracking the show as it happens, I'll gather some thoughts every Friday about whatever Idol matter, musical or otherwise, engaged me the most that week. We'll expand the scope eventually, to include musings on The Voice, that other contest nipping at its heels. (My quick take on that show? The judges are more interesting than the contestants.) What the first week says about this year's contest, after the jump. As for this week's premiere episodes, which took us to sultry Savannah and surprisingly eccentric Pittsburgh: there's never much to say about the auditions. We may have already witnessed the winner's emergence (keep that acoustic guitar tuned, Phillip Phillips), but these first impressions fade fast as the year's real stories start coming together during Hollywood Week. So far, so familiar: Steven Tyler's played the drooling Dada, leering at the ladies as he drops non sequiturs and grins toothily. Jennifer Lopez deploys her nail polish-hard showbiz smarts quietly from behind her girlish persona. Randy's still figuring out how to triangulate between these two dynamic personalities. Ryan Seacrest is still bopping around like the lost Chipmunk. One small shift makes watching these content-light audition shows more bearable: producer Nigel Lythgoe and his team have significantly toned down the cruelty shown toward the most deluded, talentless Idol dreamers. So far, there's been no horrific racial caricaturing, as in 2008's "bush baby" incident; nor has anyone's ten-tissue breakdown been featured for laughs. Tyler's lechery isn't what I'd call feminist, but it's replaced former head judge Simon Cowell's chill in an interesting way — love, not scorn, is the default on Idol now. As for the early contestants, my favorite, "joy hopper" Ashlee Altise, is probably too quirky to make it past Hollywood Week; likewise for Heejun Han, who has to be a conceptual artitst/prankster in Idol drag. A sinking feeling of "here we bro again" overcame me when the judges slobbered all over young jam-bander Phillips, and the similarly coltish Colton Dixon suggested this season may another teenybopper battle. (If we must have a boy battle, I'm rooting for Scott Dangerfield, a contestant rumored to be returning after bowing out early in Season 10; he aptly represents how Idol is making forays into the indie-rock sensibility.) But you never know. After all, Adam Lambert took us all by surprise not long ago; so did Crystal Bowersox and, briefly if fabulously, Jacob Lusk. Each year, Idol offers its prepackaged frontrunners, its poignant also-rans and its exciting left-fielders. Some people think it's totally rigged. Others believe the best will surpass its hurdles and triumph. Me, I'm in it for the little thrills every week offers — the moments when a hopeful pushes past her own perceived limits, or a song choice makes me hear an old chestnut in a new way. And for the conversations I have with fellow Idol devotees, or even haters, which often turn out to be about much more than this goofy, still relevant show.

Stories: 1) Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'After The Earthquake' 2) From Bop To Baroque: The Modern Jazz Quartet 3) Heads Up, TV Fans: Great Shows Start This Week


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Question: Pandemic Loss: Pioneering Ugandan Neurosurgeon Was A 'Servant Of The People'

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Uganda, a nation of 44 million, had only 13 fully-trained neurosurgeons in 2020. Now it has only 12. John Baptist Mukasa, age 54 and a pioneering neurosurgeon in his homeland, died of COVID-19 on June 29. Mukasa is part of a still unfolding global tragedy: 4 million lives lost to COVID-19 as of July 8. Estimates by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University have now already surpassed 4.04 million deaths, a number that data trackers believe to be an underestimate.  Uganda, where Mukasa lived in Kampala with his wife and two sons, is currently in a second lockdown due to rising COVID-19 cases. It has over 87,000 cases with 2,129 deaths and counting.  The story of one COVID decedent is a reminder of the incalculable losses from the pandemic. Interviewed by NPR, two of Mukasa's colleagues remember him as not only an esteemed surgeon but a man who loved his family, students, surgical colleagues and his patients, for whom he did brain and spine surgeries.  Neurosurgery in Uganda has a short history. In the 1960s, only one neurosurgeon practiced in the entire country, with two Russian neurosurgeons briefly arriving in the 1970s and helping in Uganda until the 1990s. In 2007, a cohort of four Ugandan neurosurgeons completed training in other countries and started working together at the Mulago National Referral Hospital. Mukasa was one of them, just returned from training in China and Russia, along with fellow neurosurgeon Joel Kiryabwire.   "It was a very big blow. He was a pillar," says Kiryabwire of his colleague and dear friend. "He was very keen on getting things right" for everyone he knew. Kiryabwire recollects that Mukasa was once called into the hospital for a surgical emergency when the roads were filled with roadblocks and security officers. Someone had been in a terrible accident, incurring a brain injury that might require surgery. Mukasa was especially skilled in trauma neurosurgery, which necessitates quick action, like removing blood or part of the skull to relieve pressure from the brain. On this day, cars stuck in traffic stretched ahead of him. Knowing that his precious window of time to reach a dying patient was closing, Mukasa promptly turned his car into opposing traffic with indicator lights to drive to the hospital. When he finally reached the hospital, the traffic delay meant it was too late to save the patient. And Mukasa spent several hours in prison for his driving infraction, says Kiryabwire: "He would go to that extreme ... to [try to] save this gentleman's life at the expense of his own."  Given how few neurosurgeons there are in Uganda, Mukasa was, in many ways, the glue that bound them together, says his colleague. He was instrumental in creating a strong training program during the transitional period from the 1970s to 1990s when the Russian neurosurgeons left. Passionate about education, Mukasa had built and sustained the resident training program purely as a volunteer. He and his colleagues trained seven of the country's small group of neurosurgeons. The Mulago Hospital where he worked also hosts a neurosurgery training camp each year in collaboration with Duke and Stanford Universities.  The quintessential people's person, Mukasa served as "master of ceremonies" at camp's farewell parties, says Kiryabwire, leading everyone in a fun celebration of their work together.  Juliet Sekabunga Nalwanga, the first female neurosurgeon in Uganda, was an intern in 2008 when she first met her mentor. She had already been working in other hospital departments, but Mukasa instilled confidence in her from the beginning, encouraging her to consider neurosurgery. She went on to have pediatric training in the field. Ever the stalwart supporter of his surgical trainees, "Mr. Mukasa actually always introduced us as equally senior to our patients," says Nalwanga, who was amazed that the physician showed such respect for his mentees. "It was such an encouragement [that meant] 'I trust this person and know her judgment will be great.' "  Both Nalwanga and Kiryabwire spoke of Mukasa as akin to a bridge between people. He'd be the one to drive to different towns throughout the country to personally invite fellow surgeons to the neurosurgical association. And he was the rare senior surgeon taking his trainees out to dinner downtown after a busy day of operating and teaching.  "He was a big person," says Kiryabwire, referring to Mukasa's spirit and heart. "[We] are still in a state of shock." His many friends and admirers — and patients as well — joined in the tributes online:

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Given ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Rick Pitino has an amazing record in college basketball. He coached three different teams — at Providence College, the University of Kentucky and the University of Louisville — to the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament. He\'s a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame. But Rick Pitino is also the only NCAA men\'s basketball coach to have a national championship taken away. His Louisville Cardinals team was stripped of its 2013 national title because an investigation found recruits to the team had been offered sex with paid escorts. And coach Pitino was let go by Louisville last year when federal prosecutors revealed a player named Brian Bowen was recruited after an Adidas executive offered his family $100,000. Rick Pitino\'s basketball sense and skills are perhaps unparalleled. So are some of the scandals that surround him, including a case in Louisville in which the coach admitted to sexual involvement with a woman who tried to blackmail him. "People do have to fight, and fight hard to get through adversity," he says in an interview. "And I\'m certainly one that\'s been through a lot in the last two or three years and I sort of have a Ph.D. on it right now. But I am very upbeat, very positive about the future." He has written his version of some of those events in the book Pitino: My Story, with co-author Seth Kaufman.  Interview Highlights On if he believes that he will ever coach again I don\'t. And I\'m basically trying to motivate myself to not only put closure on a career, but to get going with something else. I\'ve said for years: Idleness is the devil\'s workshop. So I always tied up my day, every minute of the day from 6 a.m. to late at night, with basketball scouting, recruiting. And now I wake up at 6 o\'clock and put on my gym shorts and there\'s no place to go. On the revelation that an assistant coach had arranged escort services for Louisville recruits and players from 2010-2014 Pitino: Well, it was news to everyone. It was news to the other — the full-time assistant coaches. That being said, they were women that would look like college kids. They were snuck through a side door, mostly. They dressed like college girls. Security didn\'t see anything out of the ordinary. Simon: To get to, I think, the crux of what the [NCAA] report upbraided you about: You met many of the parents or guardians of these young potential recruits who came to campus. You are the legendary coach Rick Pitino. Wasn\'t it part of your responsibility to protect them and know where they were every hour and minute? Pitino: Well, I\'ll I go back to when I was an athlete. And the answer is yes and no. The answer is: Yes, I\'m responsible for all the actions that go on, for all the people that work for me. But as an athlete, when I visited — I believe I visited 13 colleges out of high school — the coach would take the family out to dinner, and then you\'d go out with the players. And you\'d either go to a social party, you\'d go to some event, and then the next day the coach would ask you what you did, did you have a good time. And no different than when you speak to your parents: "What did you do last night? "Went to a party, dad." "Did you have a good time?" "Yes." So when the NCAA said to me: Did you notice any red flags? I said: I sat down with the family for two hours, asked the young man everything he did that night, and for a two-hour morning meeting, we discussed everything. So should I have known what went on at 1 or 2 o\'clock in the morning? I wish I could have, because something would have been done about it. On if he understands the University of Louisville\'s decision to let him go One hundred percent. But here\'s what you have to realize. I owned up not only to my family, which was hurt deeply by my indiscretion 14 years ago. But the other stuff — I have to tell you, as a leader, I\'m completely innocent of any wrongdoing except the fact that I mentored people that did not do the right thing. So you alluded to earlier about the [2013 NCAA] championship coming down — the championship can never come down. That\'s part of history. You can take a banner down, but you can\'t take the championship away because there was no performance-enhancing drugs, there was no phony classes, there was no steroids being used, no gambling on the games. On the obligations of college coaches to do more than coach basketball Pitino: Ninety percent, if not more, of college coaches not only educate their players on the court — they build lifelong friendships. They mentor their young men. They help them get jobs. Unfortunately, the ones that get the most noise are people like myself involved in this scandal that comes across as if college basketball is corrupt. And it\'s really not. Four years ago I went on a tremendous rant about shoe companies getting involved in the recruiting business. Simon: And even as you note in the book, the shoe companies have in other ways been pretty nice to you. Pitino: They have — they have paid me millions of dollars. That being said,'], a positive would be ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "Shadowed By Scandals, Coach Rick Pitino Pens His 'Story'"]

Stories: 1) Putting Puppies Behind Bars (For A Good Cause) 2) Forensic Vet Helps Prevent Animal Cruelty 3) Rescuing Katrina's Four-Legged Victims


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Question: Trump Launched A Trade War Against China. Don't Look To Biden To Reverse It

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President Trump's slash-and-burn rhetoric against China may have brought few lasting economic benefits so far, but it has succeeded in one fundamental way: No administration can now afford to play nice with the United States' biggest rival. Trump made hostility toward China a centerpiece of his "America First" trade agenda, launching bitter attacks against Beijing's policies and setting off a trade war by slapping tariffs on two-thirds of Chinese imports. All those attacks have changed the relationship between the two economic superpowers, according to experts. And although President-elect Joe Biden will likely set a more polite tone, he can ill afford to ease off on China as American attitudes toward trade and big global deals have soured in recent years. Meanwhile, skepticism toward China abounds in both parties, especially among the progressives who helped elect Biden. "I think the continued inflammatory rhetoric that President Trump has used toward China has basically made it impossible for any administration to immediately come in and change course," says Chad Bown, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.  It's a marked change for an incoming president who voted for the North American Free Trade Agreement, despite later expressing misgivings about it. He also once voted to set the path for China to enter the World Trade Organization, eventually helping fuel the Asian country's incredible rise as a manufacturing superpower. But Trump, experts note, has successfully shifted the debate on China by repeatedly accusing Beijing of predatory policies that gutted American industries, even if few companies have relocated back to the United States. Meanwhile, years of job losses and factory closures have hardened public views about trade, especially in key electoral states such as Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan, according to Arthur Dong, a professor at Georgetown University's McDonough School of Business. "Biden, I think, is well aware of that," says Dong. The hostility toward China is shared by unions and left-wing groups that helped elect Biden and see previous Democratic support for trade agreements such as NAFTA as a betrayal. "I don't think the 1990s-style Democratic Party is fit for today's electorate or today's economy, and I hope that Joe Biden appoints personnel around him who understand that," says Waleed Shahid, spokesman for Justice Democrats, a progressive group tied to Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York. That pressure on the left – and the right  – means Biden is unlikely to reverse Trump's tariffs with the stroke of a pen, leaving him with few good options to pressure China. And Biden could also be constrained by changes to global sentiment toward the United States under the Trump administration. During the campaign, Biden criticized what he sees as Trump's go-it-alone approach to China and said that the U.S. needs to ally itself with Asia and Europe to force Beijing to play by the rules on trade.  "If we don't set the rules, we in fact are going to find ourselves with China setting the rules, and that's why we need to organize the world to stop China to stop the corrupt practices that are under way," he said in a 2019 Democratic debate. That may be easier said than done. Joining with allies to contain Beijing was the impetus for the Obama administration's Trans-Pacific Partnership, a gargantuan trade deal among 12 Pacific-Rim nations that excluded China. But the TPP was scrapped by Trump as soon as he took office, and Biden has said he won't support it without significant improvements in labor and environmental safeguards. Meanwhile, the world has moved on without the United States. Over the weekend, China and 14 other countries signed a trade pact of their own, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.  Biden's effort to lead other countries in containing China faces another barrier as well.  Trump clashed over trade not just with China but also with friendly countries such as Canada and Mexico, angering key allies and damaging U.S. leadership abroad, says Wendy Cutler, former acting U.S. deputy trade representative. "There's a lot of mistrust among our allies and partners with the United States, specifically with respect to trade," Cutler says. "And, frankly, countries are increasingly fed up with us." And then, there's the biggest hurdle of all: Biden's top priority will be bringing the U.S. economy back from the pandemic's economic downturn, pushing other issues to the side, according to Cutler. "Trade is not going to be a front-and-center issue for this administration as it was for the Trump administration," she said. "There are a lot of domestic issues that need urgent attention." Still, there is one way Biden is widely expected to change the U.S. relationship with China. After nearly four years of Trump's bitter attacks against China, including over the pandemic, most experts expect at least the tone will change. "Trump's trade policy has been de

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: IMF: Gas Prices Don't Reflect True Costs

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"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', "Host Bob Edwards talks with NPR's Eric Weiner about the latest development in East Timor. Today, lawmakers in Indonesia will debate whether to ratify East Timor's vote for independence. They will also decide if they should endorse or condemn the President B.J. Habibie's 16-month record."]" == "['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details\nE.g. given \'Walmart Faces Lawsuit Over Worker\'s Death From Coronavirus Complications\' it should be close to \'Walmart faces a wrongful-death lawsuit from the family of a worker who died of coronavirus complications, one of two such deaths reported at the same Chicago-area store.  The legal complaint, one of the first such cases publicly known against the retailer, alleges that Walmart failed to properly respond to symptoms of COVID-19 among several workers at the store. It also alleges the company failed to share this information with workers and to safeguard them with gloves and other protections, or to enforce appropriate distancing, among other measures. Wando Evans, 51, was an overnight stock and maintenance associate at the store in Evergreen Park near Chicago, where he\'d worked for 15 years, according to lawyer Tony Kalogerakos. He says Evans died two days after being sent home from the store.  The legal complaint — filed on Monday by Evans\' brother in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Ill. — alleges that Walmart\'s "willful and wanton misconduct and reckless disregard" led to Evans\' illness and death on March 25. The case also says Evans\' coworker, Phillip Thomas, died on March 29. "We take this issue seriously and will respond with the court once we have been served with the complaint," Walmart said in a statement on Tuesday. Over the weekend, the company had said it was "heartbroken to learn of the passing of two associates at our Evergreen Park store." Walmart said it had stepped up its cleaning and sanitizing and that the store was open after passing "necessary inspections" last week. Last week, the retailer said it would begin checking workers\' temperature, offering masks and gloves to workers who want them, and limiting how many shoppers are allowed inside its stores at one time.  NPR researcher Nicolette Khan contributed to this report. Editor\'s note: Walmart is among NPR\'s sponsors.\' but not to \'Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers\' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It\'s Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)\'.', 'East Timor Developments']"

The IMF says that price of gasoline in the U.S. covers the cost of  producing and distribution gasoline but it doesn't reflect the costs that gasoline consumption imposes on society — in the form of traffic, congestion, pollution and global warming. Linda Wertheimer talks to David Wessel, economics editor of The Wall Street Journal, about a new IMF report on energy subsidies.

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Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music.


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Question: 50 Favorites: From Christian Scott To Kanye West

These are the 50 albums we enjoyed the most in 2010 — the ones that inspired us, surprised us and stayed with us more than any others. The list of our 50 favorite records of the year continues with Sufjan Stevens, Sleigh Bells, Mavis Staples and more artists from S to Z.

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Below you can find the list of NPR Music's Best CDs of 2008. To print this list, choose the "Print Page" icon above. Click on the title of each list to hear the music. Songs Of The Year: Best Music Of 2008Recommended by NPR's Stephen Thompson For Emma, Forever Ago, Bon Iver Re-Arrange Us, Mates of State 3 Rounds and a Sound, Blind Pilot Lose Big, Eef Barzelay Rook, Shearwater Narrow Stairs, Death Cab for Cutie Only as the Day Is Long, Sera Cahoone Lucky, Nada Surf Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Peaceful, The World Lays Me Down, Noah and the Whale The New Faces Of Classical MusicRecommended by WGUC's Robin Gehl Tchaikovsky, Glazunov: Violin Concertos, Vadim Gluzman Chopin - Ingrid Fliter, Ingrid Fliter Antonio Bazzini: Virtuoso Works for Violin & Piano, Chloë Hanslip Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven: Sonatas, Rafal Blechacz Bach: Goldberg Variations, Matt Haimovitz, Jonathan Crow and Douglas McNabney Schoenberg, Sibelius: Violin Concertos, Hilary Hahn Chopin: The Piano Concertos, Lang Lang Beethoven, Clement: Violin Concertos, Rachel Barton Pine Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 3, Olli Mustonen Souvenirs, Anna Netrebko Take Five's Top 5 Jazz CDs Of 2008Recommended by NPR's Lars Gotrich and Patrick Jarenwattananon Earfood, The Roy Hargrove Quintet Interoceans, I Heart Lung Invisible Cinema, Aaron Parks Kinsmen, Rudresh Mahanthappa Pass It On, Dave Holland Sextet The 10 Best Mixtapes Of The YearRecommended by Andrew Noz Da Beginning, Lil Boosie Goodbye America, Playboy Tre and DJ Swatts Sincerely Yours, Southside, 50 Cent and DJ Whoo Kid The Mixtape About Nothing, Wale and DJ Nick Catchdubs Starlito's Way 2, All Star Crakk Muzik, Peedi Crakk and DJ E-Stacks The Sunday Morning Massacre(s), Killer Mike We Got It For Cheap Vol. 3, The Re-Up Gang and DJ Drama Strictly Leakage, Atmosphere The N----- Tape, Nas and DJ Green Lantern WNYC's Genre Mix: Top 10 Albums Of 2008Recommended by WNYC's John Schaefer The Bairns, Rachel Unthank Angles, Dan le Sac vs Scroobius Pip Santogold, Santogold In Rainbows, Radiohead A Larum, Johnny Flynn Stay Positive, The Hold Steady Bartok: Les Violons du Roy, Various Artists Glass Box, Philip Glass Not For Piano, Francesco Tristano The Mande Variations, Toumani Diabate Bob Boilen Picks The Year's Best MusicRecommended by All Songs Considered's Bob Boilen For Emma, Forever Ago, Bon Iver Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Sugar Mountain: Live at Canterbury House 1968, Neil Young Med Sud I Eyrum Vid Spilum Endalaust, Sigur Rós Don't Do Anything, Sam Phillips Mande Variations, Toumani Diabate Vampire Weekend, Vampire Weekend Dear Science, TV on the Radio 24 Postcards in Full Colour, Max Richter Bloom, Brian Eno / Bloom for iPod / Bob Boilen Top 10 Great Unknowns, From Second StageRecommended by NPR's Robin Hilton At War with Walls & Mazes, Son Lux Na Na Ni, Fredrik Madam Owl, Jeff Hanson A Love Extreme, Benji Hughes Outside Our Gates, Liz Durrett Mugiboogie, Mugison Neighbor Singing, Brad Laner Mt. Wilson Repeater, Mt. Wilson Repeater 3 Rounds And A Sound, Blind Pilot Visiter, The Dodos NPR Listeners Pick The Year's Best MusicRecommended by NPR Listeners Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Vampire Weekend, Vampire Weekend For Emma, Forever Ago, Bon Iver Dear Science, TV on the Radio Narrow Stairs, Death Cab for Cutie Oracular Spectacular, MGMT Flight of the Conchords, Flight of the Conchords Evil Urges, My Morning Jacket Viva la Vida, Coldplay Med Sud I Eyrum Vid Spilum Endalaust, Sigur Rós Volume One, She & Him The Stand Ins, Okkervil River Modern Guilt, Beck Juno, Kimya Dawson and Antsy Pants Consolers of the Lonely, The Raconteurs Feed the Animals, Girl Talk Attack & Release, The Black Keys Only by the Night, Kings of Leon Conor Oberst, Conor Oberst Acid Tongue, Jenny Lewis Stay Positive, The Hold Steady Tell Tale Signs, Bob Dylan Furr, Blitzen Trapper Third, Portishead Everything That Happens Will Happen Today, Brian Eno / David Byrne The 10th Annual CD, Er, MP3 Gift GuideRecommended by Weekend Edition's Ned Wharton Car Alarm, The Sea and Cake Better for the Metaphor, Cantinero Asunción, Pacifika Moss, Moss Schumann: The Violin Sonatas, Carolin Widmann and Denes Varjon Leucocyte, Esbjorn Svensson Trio The Best African Music Of 2008Recommended by Banning Eyre In the 7th Moon, the Chief Turned Into a Swimming Fish and Ate the Head of His Enemy by Magic, Kasai Allstars Rebel Woman, Chiwoniso Seun Kuti, Seun Kuti & Egypt 80 Seprewa Kasa, Seprewa Kasa Mande Variations, Toumani Diabate Made in Dakar, Orchestra Baobab WARchild, Emmanuel Jal Soul Science, Justin Adams & Juldeh Camara Francophonic, Franco et le Tpok Jazz African Scream Contest, Various Artists Vampire Weekend, Vampire Weekend The Year On Vinyl: Dropping The NeedleRecommended by WFUV's Rita Houston Just a Little Lovin', Shelby Lynne In Rainbows, Radiohead Acid Tongue, Jenny Lewis Let's Get It On, Marvin Gaye The Way I See It, Raphael Saadiq Tell Tale Signs, Bob Dylan Modern Guilt, Beck Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Last Days at the Lodge, Amos Lee Real Animal, Alejandro E


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

Roy Moore was set to ride all the way to Washington this week, but his horse only got him so far. Also, pressure grows on special counsel Robert Mueller. And more women speak out about President Trump’s past behavior, accusing him of sexual misconduct. Meanwhile, House and Senate Republicans are ready to roll out a massive tax overhaul bill, but already, there’s some dissent in the ranks. We’ll discuss these stories and more on the News Roundup. GUESTS Jeff Mason, White House correspondent, Reuters Sheryl Gay Stolberg, Washington correspondent, The New York Times Andrew Yeager, Morning Edition host and reporter, WBHM in Birmingham, Alabama For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2017 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: New documentary examines the Darfur saga

The subject of a new film on the genocide in Darfur talks about his work to keep the world's attention on the continuing violence in Sudan.

Hear how listeners and readers of the blog reacted to recent conversations about the fate of jazz, racial profiling and the upcoming Olympic games in Beijing.


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Question: Review: Underachievers, 'Evermore: The Art Of Duality'

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Note: NPR's Audio for First Listens comes down after the album is released. However, you can still listen with the Spotify playlist at the bottom of the page.  Unless you're mogul-turned-yogi Russell Simmons, hip-hop and New Age spirituality may seem like an odd combination, but for The Underachievers, rap and the quest for Enlightenment go together like Yin and Yang. The Flatbush, Brooklyn duo of 25-year-old Issa Gold and 24-year-old AK are part of the same Beast Coast collective to which '90s revivalist Joey Badass and the psychedelic Flatbush Zombies belong and they also count forward-thinking beatsmith Flying Lotus and his Brainfeeder crew among their earliest supporters. But while they share the aforementioned artists' affinity for psychotropics like LSD, curiosity about the occult and self-identification as "indigo children" the Underachievers' own music and message are more explicitly philosophical. As its title suggests, the Underachievers' sophomore album, Evermore: The Art of Duality, explores the concept of opposites: higher and lower self, body and mind, confusion and clarity, peace and war. The first half of Evermore, its "Phase I," is the lighter side of the record: mellow in mood and cerebral in subject matter. On the life-affirming "Brooklyn Way" Issa Gold spits, "Blessed to see a new day / young Indigos 'round the world, they relate / spreadin' the word, now we all gon' be straight / if we go and unite then we all could be great" before exhorting listeners to put their "hands up if you live for love." But the Underachievers avoid empty platitudes by getting autobiographical and letting us know that their own paths to self-discovery and positivity weren't necessarily straight and narrow. They get personal like never before on the confessional "Shine All Gold" where AK talks about his former gang affiliation and Issa recounts his teenage experimentation with cocaine and prescription pills: "Addiction lead to depression / and in depression, you taught some less-ons / if you listen and keep on pushin' / then the solution cause evolution." It ain't hip to be labeled a hippie, so however conscious they may be, the Underachievers refuse to be present themselves as simply a pair of starry-eyed peaceniks. On the darker, more aggressive "Phase II" of the album they make it clear that they are products of the Brooklyn streets they were raised in and while their heads are in clouds they are still very much rooted in the real world. They warn that men of peace can become fierce warriors when threatened on the adrenaline-fueled "Generation Z." The second half of the album is the decidedly more physical part of the project. Beats from up-and-coming producers like Ashton Benz, Nick Léon and Lucas Savo go from the calm spaciness of the first side to the droning bass lines and triplet hi-hats du jour. AK and Issa complement the high energy tracks with brash attitude and intricate flows that would make a double-time rap master like Twista tip his hat.  This isn't turn up for turn ups' sake though; what the Underachievers are ultimately seeking is balance. "I think I've found middle ground / usin' my sound / spittin' lyrical / but still making bangers to move the crowd / contradiction to some but it's who I've become," says Issa on "Unconscious Monsters." As above, so below.

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Mr. Magpie Artist: Radiohead Album: The King Of Limbs National Anthem To The Moon Artist: Bruce Haack Album: Farad: The Electric Voice Last Night At The Jetty Artist: Panda Bear Album: Tomboy Towards The Sun Artist: Alexi Murdoch Album: Towards The Sun If I Had A Boat Artist: James Vincent McMorrow Album: Early In The Morning We Are Rising Artist: Son Lux Album: Untitled (RPM Challenge) Hear more from Son Lux's album-in-a-month project. Don't Stop Artist: The Dodos Album: No Color


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

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In Saudi Arabia, the investigation into the death of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi continues.
Saudi Arabia’s top prosecutor says he’s seeking the death penalty for five suspects charged with ordering and carrying out the killing of dissident Saudi writer Jamal Khashoggi at the kingdom’s consulate in Istanbul. https://t.co/dF9SBuDIQQ — The Associated Press (@AP) November 15, 2018   The Turkish foreign minister deemed these actions “unsatisfying,” according to The New York Times But how is the public supposed to trust the Saudis to carry out justice after their explanations for Mr. Khashoggi’s murder havehas shifted? How involved was Crown Prince Mohamed bin Salman in Khashoggi’s death? And, do we have a deal? That’s what Theresa May’s constituents have been asking after weeks of Brexit negotiations. May signed a draft deal with Brussels to leave the European Union, but there have been some complications. Four of her cabinet ministers resigned over it.  One of the major issues at hand in working out the Brexit deal is the border Northern Ireland. This latest deal would keep Northern Ireland in the European Customs arrangement, among other details to hammer out and the BBC describes it as a “really complicated system.” We’re taking you to the negotiating table. How likely is this deal to succeed? Also, President Donald Trump traveled to France to mark the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I. The trip did not go well, and Trump was widely criticized for skipping a ceremony due to weather and not participating in a ceremonial walk along the Champs Elysee with other world leaders. Listen to our conversation about President Trump in Paris And in Gaza, the violence between Israelis and Palestinians has spiked to levels not seen since 2014. The Israeli Defense Minister resigned over Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s truce agreement with those in Gaza. Why has the violence escalated? All that and more on this week’s edition of the global News Roundup. Text by Gabrielle Healy. GUESTS Rosiland Jordan, State Department/specials correspondent, Al Jazeera English Television; @RosJordanAJE Vivian Salama, White House reporter, The Wall Street Journal;  @vmsalama Ron Nixon, Homeland security correspondent, The New York Times; author of “Selling Apartheid: South Africa’s Global Propaganda War”; @nixonron For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

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Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Allergies and Asthma

Allergies and Asthma — As many as 50 million Americans suffer from allergies, and 20 million others have asthma. The potential triggers are everywhere - from pollen to peanuts - and the impact can sometimes be deadly. Why have allergy and asthma rates, especially in children, risen so dramatically in recent years? The program explores the causes, prevention and treatment of allergies and asthma.

School Funding, Focus On Technology, National Audubon Society, The Android's Dream, Chase's Calendar of Events, Letters from Iwo Jima, Commentary: Exercise and Pre-teen Martial Arts


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Question: The California Report

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Audio not yet available from this broadcast.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Pianist, Composer Fred Hersch: 'Leaves of Grass'

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In his 30-year career, musician Fred Hersch has performed in solo, duo, trio and quintet settings. In 2003 he received the prestigious Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship, which he used to work on his latest project, Leaves of Grass. For it, Hersch leads a 10-piece ensemble, which includes vocalists singing the words of Walt Whitman set to compositions by Hersch. He is touring the ensemble this month.

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Stories: 1) Philip Roth: On Writing, Aging And 'Nemesis' 2) Vijay Iyer: Self-Taught Jazz Pianist Goes 'Solo'


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Question: Mourning Stars Through Streams, Screens And Communities

In my early 20s, smitten by the mythic underpinnings of American popular music, I built an Elvis shrine in my living room. It largely consisted of magazine clips that my parents' next door neighbor Esther Schor had given me, culled from her own little tribute to the Memphis faun, which she'd set up near her basement tiki bar. During a holiday visit home to Seattle not long after I'd made my first Graceland pilgrimage, Esther let me take my pick of her swag; I augmented it with stuff from flea markets and souvenir shops, and that album cover the Clash had ripped off for London Calling. The shrine wasn't huge, but it was focused: a teaching tool to help me grasp why this doe-eyed truck driver had become such a symbolic vortex in rock 'n' roll's early days. I studied Elvis's image while playing his records on my Technics turntable, meditating on the charisma of someone I'd never encounter in the flesh (since Elvis had died when I was 13). This went on for a year or so, until my roommate tired of having to see that sneer every time she and her boyfriend sat on their couch. She pulled down the shrine and shoved all the clippings and photos in a box, ripping the gloss off my favorite one right above the King's left cheek. Imagine if I were a neophyte music fan in 2016 instead of 1988. David Bowie dies. Instead of having to travel to Berlin and London and New York, collecting artifacts to augment what I've extracted from record bins and off the shelves of the public library, I can simply join a Facebook group. Through it I can connect with nearly 10,000 other Bowie fans, sharing not just testimonials about how the Starman's music changed their lives, but archival material excavated from the borderless atmosphere of cyberspace: live performance footage, obscure interviews, recorded rarities, critical analysis, other musicians' tributes, even psychoanalytic takes. These links come to me steadily, along with loving commentary. If I have a question about Bowie's connections to soul music or Hollywood, I can ask and immediately be enlightened. And through the Church, I find other resources — other Facebook groups, great blogs, fan-run websites. I'm not alone! On the contrary, I feel supported and guided. Partly because I didn't build this sanctum alone, I don't fear its desecration; others will protect it and guide me into its niches. As my knowledge grows, I begin to contribute my own discoveries and thoughts within a community I've grown to trust. The disappointment I feel knowing I'll never be in my hero's physical presence is mitigated by the bounty of material that makes him hyperreal: a ghost reanimated in bright pixels and surround sound. Fans have mourned celluloid and vinyl heroes together, in public, since the dawn of modern popular culture. In 1927, the funeral procession of Harlem's beloved "Queen of Happiness," singer and dancer Florence Mills, drew tens of thousands of people into the streets, as Rudolph Valentino's had in Los Angeles the year before. The Internet's role as a commemorative platform came into focus after 9/11, and is central today, from the most intimate "compassionate crowdfunding" sites to globally streamed memorials for megastars like Michael Jackson and commemorating (or aiding) disaster victims. 2016, a year of startling loss in the music world, had plenty of those now old-fashioned tribute concerts, with more coming soon; but many more people gathered virtually, and not on designated occasions, but day after day. (As the toll of mortality continues, we are now seeing this process begin for our latest loss, George Michael.) In virtual settings, grief combines with something else: celebration, exploration. The goodbye turns into hello, stay awhile, the development of a communal practice of archiving and curating legacies, of preserving an artist's work and ensuring his or her ongoing relevance. Our departed stars become digital saints. We write their little books in playlists and video uploads. Bowie's transformation into a digital bodhisattva became a signature story of 2016. This month, Blackstar, the album he released days before his passing in the year's earliest days, topped more music critics' lists than any other recording. Others have written about Bowie's prescience and courage in crafting his own musical elegy. His wavering voice crooning, "Look up here, I'm in heaven" in the song "Lazarus" became, for many, the sonic imprint of a year buried in loss. Blackstar is also an entryway into Bowie's labyrinthine career. A companion piece to a play resurrecting the story told in his most famous film, The Man Who Fell To Earth, it harkens back musically to his experimental work at the turn of the 1980s and to thematic touchstones ranging from the theater to the criminal underworld. The experience of getting to know Blackstar complements the bigger one of absorbing Bowie's long and winding career. That career is highly unusual within pop — Bowie's decision to continually foreground hi

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Considering Doris Day, Radiant Baby, Black and White Airmen, Tear It All Down, Shades of the Past, Tiger Lily Press Exhibition


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

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E.g. ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', 'Part Three   The Thing on the Doorstep  1  “Take it off, Noah.”  “Let him have his fun. What’s the big deal?”  “He looks ridiculous.”  “No one will care.”  “Where did he go? Noah, get out here. We don’t have time for this.”  August 1989 and I was six years old, hiding behind the yellowed living room curtains in our crappy, run-down apartment while Mom, Eunice, and Mom’s business partner, Sally White, argued about my clothing choice for the evening. We were already running late for Vandergriff High School’s production of The Sound of Music, but I wanted to wear a costume: a cheap, flimsy mask and cape knockoff produced to cash in on that summer’s Batman film. I’d been wearing it nonstop in the week since Sally bought it for me.  I was paying only vague attention to the conversation. The living room curtains hung before the sliding glass door to our apartment’s little atrium, and I’d turned to look out at it. Every unit in our complex had a ten-by-twelve space, open to the elements up top and closed in on three sides by walls of the unit (in our case, it was my bedroom window on one side, the blank wall bordering my mother’s bathroom opposite, and catercorner to both, the sliding glass door to the living room), with a fourth wall separating your atrium from your next-door neighbor’s. Think of it like the poor person’s version of the back porch or balcony, a patch of sky to call your own but no view of your neighborhood, or even a parking lot. A more generous soul might try to talk up the privacy such an atrium provided, but in my own experience, it was hard to ever feel anything but incarcerated on that little spread of cracked concrete.   “Noah, I can see your sneakers,” Mom said. “Come out now or you’ll have to stay home and miss the play.”  I shuffled back into full view. Mom, Eunice, and Sally stood in the middle of the stained beige carpet, Mom with her arms crossed, Eunice wearing a backpack, Sally hiding a smile behind one hand.  “Take it off,” Mom said again.  “Eunice gets to bring her backpack,” I said.  “Eunice is bringing homework.”  “Everyone in the play is wearing costumes,” I said.  “Off, now.”  I untied the knotted string around my neck and pulled the mask off my head. The whole thing slumped to the floor behind me.  “Your hair is a fright,” Mom said.  “Margaret,” Sally said. “No one is going to care if he looks a little tousled.”  Mom pinched the bridge of her nose. “Fine. Let’s go.”  2  The high school parking lot was a study in chaos by the time we arrived, and Mom had to park far from the entrance, carefully guiding her wheezing old Ford Torino among clumps of slow-moving people. She glowered and huffed as she dragged me across the parking lot, and I had to run to keep my footing. The high school looked gargantuan and sophisticated compared to my elementary building, and I marveled at the endless trophy cases and lockers as we hurried toward the auditorium, with its plush folding seats and midnight blue stage curtain. We found four seats together near the stage.  “Don’t take your mom’s mood personally, kiddo,” Sally said, leaning close as we settled in. “We had a rough day at the store.” She was referring to Bump in the Night, the comic book/memorabilia shop they’d opened in 1984, using the proceeds from the sale of my late father’s extensive horror collection. If Mom’s moods were any indication, every day was a rough day at the store.  On my other side, Eunice had already unpacked her bag. She scowled at the open textbook on her lap and scratched numbers into a spiral notebook.  “What are you working on?” I said.  “Algebra,” she said.  “Is it hard?”  “Only when people interrupt me.” She winked to show there were no hard feelings.  An excited hush fell over the crowd as the auditorium dimmed. Bells began to ring in the orchestra pit, and a chorus of female voices rose from my left and right. Two lines of nuns floated down the aisles, candles in hand, singing a solemn, beautiful song whose words I couldn’t make out. Their voices drifted over us, lovely and haunting. As they reached the bottom of the auditorium, they mounted the stage, faced the audience, and broke into a joyful chant of “Hallelujah.” They filed off into the wings as their voices faded, leaving the stage empty and dark.  A moment later, a spotlight crept up, revealing a single figure before a painted backdrop. She wore a simple postulant’s dress and held a wooden bucket with both hands. Sydney, age seventeen, as Maria. Unlike Julie Andrews’s chaste, motherly Maria, Sydney had left her hair long and brow'] == ['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details', 'Excerpt: A Cosmology Of Monsters']

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: From Haydn To Flying Lotus, Attacca Quartet Embraces Music Non-Stop

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One of the most adventurous classical ensembles, the Grammy Award-winning Attacca Quartet, has made its reputation with an eclectic musical palette – they've explored the string quartets of Haydn and Beethoven and premiered new pieces by contemporary composers. But the latest album from the group – violinists Amy Schroeder and Domenic Salerni, violist Nathan Schram and cellist Andrew Yee – might be their most surprising: Real Life features adaptations of electronic dance music by Flying Lotus, Louis Cole and Daedelus, among others. Having come together as Juilliard School students in 2003, the original members of the ensemble leafed through a music dictionary, trying to come up with a name for their group. Starting with the A's, they quickly found what not only turned out to be a perfect name, but also a definition of their aesthetic. "Attacca means attached; to keep playing music and to not stop," says Yee, a founding member. "And I think that's been sort of what we've done over the past almost 20 years; is to do something, but always be sort of in motion, always be really intentional about moving on and then discovering new things and finding joy in different places." Pulitzer Prize-winning composer Caroline Shaw collaborated with the group on the Grammy-winning album, Orange. "One of the things that I love about Attacca is that they approach everything with creativity and enthusiasm and a willingness to try something new," she says. "Whether it's, you know, with something that I've written in the last few years or it's Beethoven. Everything feels – not to overuse a word – but it feels very fresh.  So, when Attacca puts together a concert program, they like mixing things up, says Schram. "What we've been doing in our repertoire for so many years, we've been playing Beethoven next to Flying Lotus next to Caroline Shaw." That's right: Flying Lotus, the Los Angeles-based producer and DJ. The members of the group listen to all kinds of music, including electronic dance music, so, it wasn't such a leap for them to record a full album of string quartet adaptations. "It seemed to make a lot of sense with what we do," says Schram, "because it's instrumental music, it's extremely dynamic, it's super intelligent and sophisticated. And it was such a perfect fruit to try to dig into."   The quartet's members made their own transcriptions and worked, via Zoom, with the album's producers, including Michael League of Snarky Puppy. "This whole record is sort of like poster child of pandemic production," Yee explains. "We had a laptop that had just Mike's face on it in the studio with us. We could see him jamming out five seconds behind, you know, on the computer." Attacca used all sorts of technology on the recording: they overdubbed themselves, added electronic effects and even enlisted some EDM producers, like TOKiMONSTA, to work with them. Their collaboration – done entirely long-distance – was on a Flying Lotus tune, "Remind U." "They had already recorded kind of like a demo, and it was just amazing," says TOKiMONSTA. "I changed some of the sequencing, but not too much. I added more rhythm and movement and that's what I did with the percussion." The quartet is aware that the new album, Attacca's first on the Sony Classical label, might raise some eyebrows. "For us, this music isn't that different than Beethoven—like, in so many ways it is!" Schram says, laughing. "Ultimately for us, it's music we love playing. We're using our instruments in the same creative way we would if we were playing classical music. Obviously, the production techniques are very different. But for us, it still feels very much like we're playing string quartet music." And already, Attacca Quartet is promising more instrumental mash-ups: Their next album, scheduled for fall release, will pair works by contemporary composers Philip Glass and Arvo Pärt with Renaissance polyphony.

Stories: 1) Saxophone Stylings, With A South-Asian Flair 2) Green Goes Blue With 'Grant's First Stand' 3) 'Her Peers': A Gutsy Anthology Of Women Writers


Question: Daara J: Senegalese Hip-Hop

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It's been said that the blues and gospel have their roots in Africa. The Senegalese trio Daara J insist hip-hop music has similar origins. "Hip-hop was born in Africa [and] went around the world to come back to Africa, like a boomerang that has been thrown from the motherland and is back home," lead singer Faada Freddy tells Michele Norris. Not coincidentally, Boomerang is the name of Daara J's first U.S. release. "The first time we heard Grandmaster Flash rapping on a hip-hop track, everybody was like, 'OK, we know this because this is tasso [the rhythmic oral history in Senegal]," he says. The music on the CD also has reggae and Latin flavors. In the song, "Esperanza" ("Hope"), the influence of the Cuban music the band members heard while growing up is most evident. And Fadda Freddy says it's music to be enjoyed by his generation and that of his parents. "This is an important song for us that puts the youth and the elderly together," he says.      MELISSA BLOCK, host:       From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED.  I'm Melissa Block.       MICHELE NORRIS, host:       And I'm Michele Norris with music from Senegal.       (Soundbite of song)       DAARA J:  (Singing in foreign language)       NORRIS:  The singer says, `Everything is from the sand and everything      will return to the sand.'  That theme of cycles inspires the hip-hop trio      Daara J. They're superstars in Senegal, and they're just now finding an      audience in the United States.       (Soundbite of song)       DAARA J:  (Singing in foreign language)       NORRIS:  That's Faada Freddy with those rapid-fire rhymes.  He's backed      by Ndongo G and Lord Aladji Man.  All three members of Daara J join us      now from NPR's New York studios.       Welcome to all three of you.       FAADA FREDDY:  Yes.       Unidentified Group Member:  Yes.       FAADA FREDDY:  (Foreign language spoken)       Unidentified Group Member:  Yeah.       FAADA FREDDY:  You know, that's how we say `greetings' in Senegalese.       NORRIS:  Ah, well, greetings to you, too.       Unidentified Group Member:  Yes.       NORRIS:  Faada Freddy, when you start rapping in this song, what are we      hearing you say?       FAADA FREDDY:  (Foreign language spoken) It means, ain't no need to beat      around the bush, you know, saying that, you know, hip-hop was born in      Africa, went around the world to come back to Africa like a boomerang      that has been thrown from the motherland and now is back home.       NORRIS:  So hip-hop has come full circle?       FAADA FREDDY:  Definitely, yeah.       (Soundbite of song)       DAARA J:  (Singing in foreign language)       NORRIS:  What language are you singing in?       FAADA FREDDY:  We're singing in the native language, which is Wolof,      spoken by over 25 ethnic groups in Senegal.       NORRIS:  Now you say that hip-hop was actually born in Africa before it      came to the States, but it wasn't necessarily the same thing that we      think of as hip-hop in America; it was much more of a storytelling      tradition.       FAADA FREDDY:  You know, this music is typically like the new reflection      of the griotism, the new reflection of the tasso, as we used to say in      Senegal, because the first time we heard Grandmaster Flash rapping, you      know, on a hip-hop track, everybody was like, OK, we know this because      this is tasso.       NORRIS:  So tasso is sort of the rhythmic oral history in Senegal.       FAADA FREDDY:  That's it.  And, you know, everybody does tasso in      Senegal. You know, when you feel something that you want to say, you      know, with some rhymes and under a rhythmic form, you use the tasso.  But      it's something very natural that we used to do.  We've been rhyming like      that for a long time. Even before the slavery era, people used to do      that, you know, in Africa, incarnate that style.       NORRIS:  Could you give me an example of tasso, maybe sing a little bit      for us right here in the studio?       FAADA FREDDY:  OK.  So we going to try to improvise, you know, something.      OK?       (Soundbite of song)       DAARA J:  (Singing in foreign language)       FAADA FREDDY:  Original lyric is (foreign language spoken).  Like that.       NORRIS:  Like that.       FAADA FREDDY:  Yeah.  This is tasso.       NORRIS:  Heads are a-bobbing in the studio here.       (Soundbite of laughter)       NORRIS:  So if we heard this now in a club, I'm wondering what that might      be like to catch up with Daara J on a Friday night in a dance club in      Dakar. Help me understand what it would look like, what it would sound      like, what it would smell like.  What we would see?       FAADA FREDDY:  A warm atmosphere, you know, the fever.  Warm people.       NORRIS:  The fever?       FAADA FREDDY:  Yeah, the fever.  You know, beautiful Senegalese women.       Unidentified Group Member:  Senegalese, yeah.       FAADA FREDDY:  You know, traditional clothes and even modern clothes all

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Stories: 1) Reviewed: The Return of Live Television 2) John Edgar Wideman's 'Fanon,' A Novel Biography 3) Dengue Fever: Vintage Cambodian Pop Remixed


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Question: Pluto: Still a Planet in New Mexico

Do states' rights include the right to decide what's a planet, too? When Pluto was recently demoted from planet to "dwarf planet," it was a blow to the memory of Clyde Tombaugh, who discovered Pluto while working at an observatory in Las Cruces, N.M. The Las Cruces Sun-News says New Mexico is striking back. The state's House of Representatives voted to declare Pluto a planet whenever it passes over New Mexico.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Is This Pledge a Lemon; Out With the Old, In With the Old; and Time Is on Their Side.


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Question: Here's Where To Get 'Fact Checks' Tonight

It's that time again. Time, that is, for the fact checkers to gear up for another debate. As they did during last week's vice presidential debate and the week before that when the presidential contenders faced off, the news outlets and nonpartisan groups that fact check what's being said are poised. They'll be up and running during tonight's town hall-style debate between President Obama and Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney, which is set to start at 9 p.m. ET. Who's doing the truth squadding? -- Politifact.com, which will be tweeting away during the debate (@politifact) and rounding up the whoppers afterward on its website. -- FactCheck.org, which is also pretty fast about posting and plans to be busily tweeting (@factcheckdotorg). -- The New York Times and The Washington Post. NPR, which will be streaming and broadcasting starting at 9 p.m. ET, will follow the 90-minute debate with a discussion that includes fact check reports from our correspondents. Also, NPR social media strategist Andy Carvin is, as always, on Twitter (@acarvin). He'll be watching the truth squads and following the "debate behind the debate" on The Back Channel. Finally, we'll be live blogging during the debate and will look to flag claims that might bear some scrutiny. Then, we'll come back after the debate with a fresh post that rounds up the highlights — and lowlights? — from all those fact checkers.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: In The U.S., Summer Vacation Can Mean No Lunch For Low-Income Students

For the low-income students who normally rely on their school cafeterias for a nutritious meal, summer vacation could mean they don’t eat lunch. Fewer than 10 percent of students in the United States who receive free and reduced lunches during the school year get to sites that serve lunch in the summer. The lack of a midday meal can have a lasting effect on students’ health and ability to learn. Here & Now‘s Robin Young talks with Angel Meeks, the superintendent for the Holmes County School District in Mississippi, the most food-insecure county in the United States. Interview Highlights: Angel Meeks On what students are facing during the summer in Holmes County “During the summer, some students are able to continue to access food through the school district. At two of our schools in the district, we have a summer feeding program that allows students to come and have breakfast or lunch, which enables them to continue to receive healthy meals. But during the summer, for those students who are unable to access the schools, then those children rely on what their parents or community persons have for them to eat for breakfast, lunch or dinner. Sometimes that equates to additional snacks, sometimes that equates to the additional processed food, frozen foods or just sandwiches without the vegetables and whole grains that they need.” On what factors are driving poor nutrition “I think there’s a combination, I believe parents are educated and aware of the difference between processed food and whole and healthy food. Some parents work here in Holmes County. Some parents have to work outside of the county, which means that they have to leave home early. But also it has to do with access. The local stores in the Holmes County area are smaller than some of the chain stores you find in more urban and suburban areas, and so what’s available for parents to receive is limited. To help offset that, we have some local farmers now that have different markets available to help community persons access healthy food and not only healthier food, but we have some local organic farms here in Holmes County to help.” On what health effects students deal with “There are some children who are not obese, they are malnourished, on the other side of the fence. It has an impact on their ability to be energetic and lively and engaged in various activities, or engaged in learning when they return to school.” On the local response “We’re a small-knit community so generally we look out for one another. If we know of students who may not have access to resources after hours, then our teachers and our administrators, faculty and staff, we just kind of take it upon ourselves to look out for our children.” On personal experience with students in need of food “I had a student, I had to take him home late one evening, and because of the time I said, ‘Well, we need to make sure he has something to eat.’ So we stopped by the local convenience store, and that child was looking out for his younger sibling. And you know, it never dawned on me until I asked him as I was letting him out to go home, and he’s was like, ‘Well I have to make sure my sister has something to eat.’ That was an eye opener for me to be aware that sometimes we’re looking at one individual student, when there may be other children who are not even school age who may be going without nutritious meals. It again speaks to our ability as a community to look out for one another, because that young man was looking out for his sister.” Guest Angel Meeks, Holmes County School District superintendent.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In Hong Kong, Police Clear Final 'Occupy' Protest Site. -- U.S. Says It Has Closed Its Final Detention Center In Afghanistan. And here are more early headlines: The Latest On The Congressional Omnibus Spending Bill. (Politico) U.N Official Calls For Prosecution Of U.S. Agents In Harsh Interrogations. (Newsweek) U.S. Finds Medical Bills Lead Americans' Unpaid Debts. (CFPB) Study Finds More Than 5 Trillion Pieces Of Plastic In World's Oceans. (New York Times) British, Irish Prime Ministers Join Northern Irish Peace Talks. (BBC) Falling Oil Prices Swell Alaska's Potential Budget Deficit. (AP) After 12 Days, Missing Boater Found Miles Off Hawaii. (Christian Science Monitor)


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Question: Actress GENA ROWLANDS (jen-ah

Actress GENA ROWLANDS (jen-ah...roe-lenz). She won acclaim for her performance in "A Woman Under the Influence" and "Gloria." ROWLANDS collaborated with her late husband, actor/screenwriter/and director, John Cassavetes for thirty years.  ROWLANDS is starring in the new film "Unhook the Stars"(Miramax Films) in which she plays Mildred, a middle-aged woman who finds herself at a crucial turning point in her life. The film was written and directed by ROWLAND'S son, Nick Cassavetes. (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW

From her 1990 release of 18th-century French harpsichord music, Linda Kobler plays "The March of the Scythians" by Joseph-Nicholas-Pancrace Royer (zhoh-sef-nee-koh-lah-pah(n)-krahss rwah-YAY). (MHS 419553F)


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Question: Obama Administration To Announce Executive Actions On Guns

President Obama is announcing a series of executive actions intended to combat gun violence, including a regulatory change designed to make it harder for gun buyers to avoid background checks. Obama plans to detail the moves on Tuesday with a statement in the White House East Room. "It will potentially save lives in this country and spare families the pain and the extraordinary loss that they've suffered as a consequence of a firearm being in the hands of the wrong people," the president said Monday, after meeting privately to discuss the measures with the attorney general, the FBI director and the head of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. ATF will play a central role in the administration's move, by clarifying what it means to be "engaged in the business" of selling guns. Until now, some collectors and hobbyists have been able to avoid that designation. As a result, they haven't needed a federal license to sell and they haven't been required to conduct background checks on their customers. The new guidance from that bureau is designed to require more such sellers to conduct background checks, even if they're doing business only at gun shows or online. "Let me be clear: It is not where you are located but what you are doing" that determines who must conduct background checks, Attorney General Loretta Lynch said in a conference call with reporters. The administration is also working to improve the quality of background checks by encouraging states and government agencies to share more information about criminal histories, domestic violence and mental illness that could disqualify a person from buying a gun. And the FBI is hiring 230 additional staff people to speed the processing of background checks. Under current law, a gun sale can go forward if a background check is not completed within three days. The White House conceded its moves are not a substitute for congressional action. Obama was stymied in his effort to promote gun control legislation three years ago in the aftermath of the Sandy Hook Elementary School massacre. Since then, the president has complained repeatedly that mass shootings and routine gun violence are much more prevalent in the U.S. than in other developed countries. "Although we have a strong tradition of gun ownership in this country," Obama said Monday, "I want to make sure that the wrong people don't have them for the wrong reasons." The president's actions are likely to face both political and legal challenges from gun rights advocates. Gun sellers say the threat of a government crackdown has already contributed to a surge in holiday gun sales.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Putin Sees U.S. And Russia Working Together To Fight ISIS. -- Reports: FBI Arrests Turing Pharmaceuticals CEO Shkreli On Fraud Charges. -- LISTEN: Voices Of Baltimore Protesters In The Wake Of a Mistrial. -- Cheap Trick, Deep Purple, N.W.A. Picked For 2016 Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame Class. And here are more early headlines: House Lawmakers To Vote Friday On Huge Spending Bill. (The Hill) Defense Secretary Carter Used Personal Email For Some Government Work. (CBS) Switzerland Freezes Money Linked To Soccer Organization, FIFA. (Reuters) Greece Warns It May End Up Holding Thousands Of Migrants. (Financial Times) Confusion Over Whether Libya's Rival Governments Will Sign Treaty. (Guardian) Justice Department Opens Chicago Police Probe, To Meet Mayor. (USA Today)


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Question: Looking Back At Katrina, Glenn Beck Rally

The Gulf Coast was not the only thing damaged by Hurricane Katrina, Americans' faith in their government also was hurt. FEMA and the Army Corps of Engineers have been blamed for contributing to the disaster. Meanwhile at a rally over the weekend in Washington DC, TV host Glenn Beck tried to rally Americans to turn to God.

Stories: 1) 'Colbert Show' Back From Iraq 2) Wussy: Strong Work, And Not Without Pain


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Question: Leaving Federal Mandates...and Money Behind

State lawmakers are debating whether or not to have Arizona opt out of the federal No Child Left Behind Act.  KJZZ's Mark Brodie has the details.

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State Finances in the Black at $3.1 Billion. More Californians Traveling Abroad for Essential Surgeries. End Music.


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Question: News Brief: Coronavirus Fallout, Democratic Debate, Trump's India Trip

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As the coronavirus spreads, there are fears it will become a pandemic. Democratic candidates for president meet Tuesday on a South Carolina debate stage. And, President Trump wraps up his India trip.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No Closer To DACA Deal, Republicans Push Plan B To Keep Government Open. -- Ex-CIA Officer Arrested On Suspicion Of Exposing U.S. Spy Network In China. -- Majority Of National Park Service Board Resigns Citing Administration Indifference. -- Opioid Crisis Blamed For Sharp Increase In Accidental Deaths In U.S. -- Bright Light, Sonic Boom As Likely Meteor Streaks Across Southern Michigan. And here are more early headlines: Winter Storm Warnings, Advisories Across U.S. East. (NWS) Stop-Gap Spending Bill Imperiled By Conservative GOP, Democrats. (AP) In Vancouver Meeting, Korean War Allies Discuss North Korea. (Los Angeles Times) Bob Dole To Be Awarded Congressional Gold Medal. (Politico) Waiting For "The Fakeys": Will Trump's Fake News Awards Event Happen? (Reuters)


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Question: Oroville Dam Evacuations Lifted As Officials Say Structure Can Withstand Next Storm

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After two days of round-the-clock work to control water flowing over the Oroville Dam in Northern California, people who live downstream of the structure are allowed to return to their homes, officials announced Tuesday. Nearly 200,000 people were affected by evacuations after water scoured enormous holes in two of the dam's concrete spillways beginning Sunday, raising concerns that the tallest dam in the country could fail. Butte County Sheriff Kory Honea announced Tuesday evening he was lifting an evacuation order issued on Sunday, Dan Brekke of member station KQED reported. "Thousands of lives were protected [from] the looming prospect of a catastrophic failure of the emergency spillway," Honea told reporters, adding that residents should be ready to evacuate again if conditions change. "There's the prospect that we can issue another evacuation order if circumstances change," he said. The Red Cross said shelters remained open on Tuesday evening. The Federal Emergency Management Agency also announced that federal disaster relief for Butte, Sutter and Yuba counties had been approved by the White House on Tuesday. On Monday and Tuesday, crews dumped enormous rocks into damaged sections of the dam's damaged emergency spillway, hoping to prevent further erosion. The spillway is supposed to carry water from Lake Oroville around the main wall of the dam when the lake level is too high. With the lake level still high and more rain forecast for later this week, officials rushed to prevent a catastrophe, as The Los Angeles Times reported:  "A swarm of trucks and helicopters dumped 1,200 tons of material per hour onto the eroded hillside that formed the dam's emergency spillway. One quarry worked around the clock to mine boulders as heavy as 6 tons. An army of workers mixed concrete slurry to help seal the rocks in place. " 'This is an aggressive, proactive attack to address the erosion,' said Bill Croyle, acting director of the state Department of Water Resources. 'There's a lot of people, a lot of equipment, a lot of materials moving around, from the ground and from the air.' "At the main spillway, a different and riskier operation was underway: Despite a large hole in the concrete chute, officials have been sending a massive amount of the swollen reservoir's water down the chute to the Feather River in a desperate attempt to reduce the lake's level. "The structure continued to hold Tuesday without sustaining more significant damage, officials said."  By Wednesday morning, officials said the lake level was low enough to handle rain from the next storm, Dan Brekke reported. The damage to Oroville Dam raises questions about the ability of aging infrastructure to cope with severe weather exacerbated by global warming. After a damaging five year drought in California, the National Weather Service said Tuesday that much of the state is on track for the wettest winter ever recorded, filling reservoirs and replenishing alpine snowpack that will continue to feed rivers for months. That means California's aging dams will be tested as they have not been in years. The New York Times reported that "of the 1,585 dams in California, 17 are listed in poor condition and 97 in fair condition, according to the National Inventory of Dams, which is kept by the United States Army Corps of Engineers." On Tuesday, White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer called the Oroville dam situation "a textbook example of why we need to pursue a major infrastructure package in Congress," continuing, "Dams, bridges, roads, and all ports around the county have fallen into disrepair."

Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: How Long Does It Take To Recover From COVID-19?

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"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'The fast-growing Poker Players Alliance is fighting measures to curb wagering on Internet poker.']" == "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Internet poker takes seat at table of politics']"

Around the world, COVID-19 cases and deaths continue to grow each day. Yet, there are also more than 440,000 people globally who have recovered to date. For those who have had the illness, recovery can be a slow journey. And even after you're feeling better, there can be a period of uncertainty. After days or weeks of isolation, you may be eager to see family again and even step foot into the outer world. But how soon is too soon? And how do you know when you're no longer infectious? For answers, we've turned to several experts, including two doctors who both got diagnosed with COVID-19 in mid-March and have since recovered. Rosny Daniel, 32, an emergency department doctor at the University of California, San Francisco, is back on the job and feeling "completely back to normal." And Darren Klugman, 45, a pediatric cardiologist, says he's feeling "100%" and is also back to work after isolating himself away from his family. Klugman says the news of the rising COVID-19 deaths is heartbreaking and sobering. He says it points to the critical need for pandemic planning. But he says it's almost as important to realize how many people are recovering. "The majority of people will have a mild-to-moderate flu-like illness like I had," Klugman says. He says that it's critical for everyone to follow social distancing guidelines and that if you do suspect you may be sick — whether or not you have tested positive — take action to protect yourself and those around you. "Most important is recognizing the symptoms early, isolating oneself and really strictly abiding by the quarantine rules," Klugman says. Am I well yet? What to watch for if you think you're getting well. Daniel says people who get COVID-19 can have a wide range of symptoms and the severity of the sickness can range a great deal from person to person. "It's incredibly confusing, and there is a big amount of unpredictability to it," he says. But keep an eye out if you think you're better after a few days, because you may still get worse. Daniel says for the first few days of his illness he had aches and chills. He developed a fever and a mild cough and felt wiped out, tired. "My muscles hurt really bad in my legs. I felt really sore," he says. "[It was] painful to the point that they felt like they were tingling." He started to feel better, but then, on day seven, the symptoms came back and he started to also have trouble breathing.  He has mild asthma and Type 1 diabetes, two underlying conditions linked to an increased risk of serious illness. He began using his inhalers to treat the asthma. He also took an antibiotic to treat what may have been a secondary bacterial infection in his lung. After several days, he felt much better. Klugman says he felt sick for about 10 days. At first he had "intermittent chills and body aches," and then he developed a low fever and a "very prominent cough." Based on these symptoms, he quarantined himself away from his family for 14 days, before he even got the positive COVID-19 test results.  "By day 10, I was feeling my energy level was near normal," Klugman says, but he says his cough persisted for a while longer. Now, he says, he's completely recovered and even back to going running. As a doctor, Daniel says, he's really eager to see more testing and better data on COVID-19: "Right now it feels a little bit like we are fighting with a blindfold on. We're trying to get as much information as possible." What are the guidelines for when you can stop isolating yourself after you've been sick? The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued guidance saying people with COVID-19 can stop isolating themselves when they've been fever free for 72 hours — that's three days after the fever ends. And to note: That is without the use of fever-reducing medicine. This should accompany an improvement in respiratory symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath, and should be at least seven days from the onset of initial symptoms. The CDC says testing can also inform the decision. But the test-based strategy that the CDC suggests involves getting negative results on two tests, with samples collected at least 24 hours apart. Given the difficulties with testing, that may not be realistic for most people right now. After self-isolation, recovered patients who are returning to work and public spaces should still follow the mitigation recommendations for everyone, such as avoiding groups and washing hands. Right now, most people are under stay-at-home orders, so trips outside may be limited anyway.  For health care workers, some institutions have put in place additional guidance building on the CDC's. Daniel was off work for nearly three weeks. His hospital used a specific process to clear him back to work. "The guideline we're using is 14 days past initial symptoms, plus 72 hours of no symptoms," Daniel told us. It's worth noting that the CDC says this is all based on limited information — so this guidance could change as it learns m

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Reno-Burton Standoff

NPR senior news analyst Daniel Schorr says that the confrontation between Attorney General Janet Reno and Indiana Senator Dan Burton is not likely to generate the same sort of media attention as the one between President Clinton and Kenneth Starr, but that it's serious in its own way. Schorr says that it is unlikely that the House will get around to voting on holding Attorney General Reno in contempt of Congress before its recess on Friday...and that the time away could provide a much-needed cooling off period.

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The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: Episode 562: A Mall Divided

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Note: This episode originally ran in August 2014. The Westfield Valley Fair Mall in California is like any other mall, except for one thing: Half of it is in the city of San Jose, and the other half is in the city of Santa Clara. The boundary line runs right through the mall. For a long time, this didn't matter. But in 2012, one city — San Jose — raised its minimum wage from $8 an hour to $10 an hour. This change created two economic worlds within a single, large building. Employees doing more or less the same work, just steps away from each other, started making different wages. On today's show: Minimum wage stories from a single mall. What happens when some stores suddenly have to pay their workers more — and others are still paying less. Music: "The Happy Go Luckys" and "Funky Funky Fun." Find us: Twitter/ Facebook. ROBERT SMITH, HOST:  Hey, everyone. Robert Smith here. Just a quick note before the show starts, this week, California Gov. Jerry Brown signed a law that will raise California's minimum wage to $15 per hour. Here he is talking about it at the bill signing ceremony this week. (SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING) JERRY BROWN: This is about economic justice. It's about people. It's about creating a little tiny balance in a system that every day becomes more unbalanced. (APPLAUSE) SMITH: We are going to be seeing a lot more events like this. Other states are raising their minimum wages, too. New York just did it. Of course, it's a big topic on the campaign trail. But for now minimum wage hikes are happening in this piecemeal way, city by city, state by state. Not too long ago, we did a story about what happens when minimum wage rises for some people and not for others. We're going to replay that episode today. Here's reporter Steve Henn. (SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED BROADCAST) STEVE HENN, BYLINE: There is this mall near where I live in California called Westfield Valley Fair. It's more or less like any other mall. It has a Macy's, some clothing stores, a food court. It's ordinary in every way, except for one thing. Half of the mall is in the city of San Jose. The other half is in the city of Santa Clara. The boundary runs right through the mall. For a long time, this didn't really matter, at least not until 2012 when one of the cities passed a law. I have here a piece of paper. In big black letters, across the top, it says, official notice, minimum wage, $10 per hour. But only one of these cities have raised its minimum wage, only San Jose. And this change split the mall in half. Suddenly, there were two economic worlds within a single very large building. On one side of the mall, everyone made at least $10 an hour. But just a few steps away, in the very same mall, workers doing more or less the same jobs were making just $8 an hour. (SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) HENN: Hello, and welcome to PLANET MONEY. I'm Steve Henn. Today on the show, stories of the minimum wage from a single mall in Northern California, what happens when one half suddenly has to pay its workers more. (SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) HENN: Let's start on the side of the mall where the minimum wage did not change, the $8 side of the mall. In fact, let's start in one store, the Shoe Palace. It seems like nothing should have changed in this store on this side of the mall. But if you were running a store here in 2012, everything changed. PHILIP SANDIGO: Right when it changed, we lost about five, five good employees. HENN: This is Philip Sandigo. He's the store manager at the Shoe Palace. And he lost half his staff. They just up and were, like, see you. We like you, but sorry. SANDIGO: No, we love you, but - and I understand it, you know, nothing you could do. They paid a dollar - actually, it was $2 more, so an hour. So that's a big difference. So I really couldn't blame them. I didn't get mad. I just said, OK, good luck. HENN: You know, it doesn't take a genius to figure out where his staff went. I mean, it wasn't very far. SANDIGO: They went to the mall. They're here in the mall. A couple of them went to shoe stores, and then a couple of them went to just anywhere else. HENN: The Shoe Palace is not the only place in this mall where a kid can get a job selling a pair of Jordan True Flights. There's a Foot Locker just a few hundred feet away. And if there's another shoe store in the same building selling exactly the same shoes but paying $2 more, it not only makes it hard to keep your staff. It makes it hard to hire new people, too. SANDIGO: Well, it affects us for the kind of employees that come in and apply for our job because it's usually the ones that aren't good enough for the $10 an hour job. So we get the bottom of the barrel here. HENN: What does that look like? What's the difference look like? SANDIGO: The way they're dressed, just, you know, all around. You know, they're not in high school. They're not playing sports. It's just - you know, it's just the kids that aren't really focused. And you could tell right off the bat. They come in. One kid came

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Stories: 1) Primary Colors, Brighter than Usual? 2) Adrian Tomine, Drawing Delicately from Life 3) Believe It or Not, 'Lost' Returns for a New Season


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Question: Internet a basic need after disasters

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The Internet has become a basic need for disaster victims, and libraries are stepping in to provide information services after hurricanes, tornadoes and other disasters.

The scope of a cyberattack blamed on Russia is widening to include governments and corporations across the globe. The FDA greenlights Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine. New pandemic aid hits a last-minute roadblock in Congress.


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Question: A Mile In Another?s Shoes

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When Elisa Della-Piana shows up at a firehouse door not looking her best, she experiences the scorn endured routinely by people living on the street.

Stories: 1) Blackwater: Private Army In The News Again 2) What's The Word? How English Evolved This Decade


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Question: Environment Report Story of the Week 04/30/2007

Story of the Week from The Environment Report.  Hosted by Mark Brush.

Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)


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Question: Understanding Technology through a Child's Eyes (Rebroadcast)

UNDERSTANDING TECHNOLOGY THROUGH A CHILD'S EYES (REBROADCAST): Kids today rarely think of 'technology' as something separate from themselves. Rather, technology is infused into everything they do and see.  So how can grown-ups rethink design ideas based on what the next generation is thinking? Tech Tuesday explores the intersection of technology and child development.  (52 min.)

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E.g. ['', 'The Associated Press'] == ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Forum sits down with journalist Scott Lindlaw of the Associated Press to discuss the new book, "Breaking News: How The Associated Press Has Covered War, Peace and Everything Else."'] != ['represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details', 'The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology']

Question: Trapped In Barbed Wire, White Owl Now Flies Free

The bird was trapped in barbed wire near the Smithfield prison in Huntingdon, Pa. A state game commission officer used a crate and a net to coax the owl to safety.

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Stories: 1) A Mass Grave In Afghanistan Raises Questions 2) In Ederle Bio, A Channel-Crosser's Defiant Spirit 3) With 'Wilco', Wilco Shows Its Earnest Side


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Question: Violent Russian Soccer Fans Take Inspiration From England's 'Football Hooliganism'

Russian fans were arrested and deported from France for their behavior at the European championship. Journalist Marc Bennetts says their acts stem from groups that terrorized stadiums 30 years ago.

Good morning, we're looking at these stories today: Assad Names New Prime Minister, Fighting Continues In Aleppo. Done In a Day: China Wraps Up Murder Trial Of Once-Prominent Politician's Wife. Gunmen Attack Egyptian Police Station In Sinai; Follows Militant Attack On Egyptian Border Post. (UPI) George Zimmerman To Seek New 'Stand Your Ground' Hearing In Case Of Shooting Of Treyvon Martin. (Central Florida News) Home Foreclosures Fell In July, But More Homes Started The Foreclosure Process. (Philadelphia Inquirer) U.S. Assists In Agent Orange Cleanup Project In Vietnam. (Reuters) Russia's Prime Minister To Publically Blame Officials Responsible For Failed Satellite Launch. (RIA Novosti) Sick American Rescued From Antarctica Research Station, Flown To New Zealand. (ABC) Homeless Miami Man Describes Cannibalistic Attack That Destroyed Parts Of His Face. (Miami Herald) Oscar Pistorious, South African 'Blade Runner', Denied Chance To Run In Olympic Relay. (BBC)


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Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

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Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.