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Question: 1 Person Dies After Southwest Jet With Blown Engine Makes Emergency Landing

Updated at 10:35 p.m. ET One person died after a Southwest Airlines plane experienced serious engine trouble Tuesday and was forced to make an emergency landing in Philadelphia. Seven other people on Flight 1380 were injured. It is the first U.S. airline fatality since 2009. National Transportation Safety Board Chairman Robert Sumwalt said an initial inspection showed that a fan blade had separated from the engine. In a news conference late Tuesday, he said the plane's engine has twenty-four blades. "The number thirteen fan blade was separated and missing and it was separated at the point of where it would come into the hub," he said. "Our preliminary examination of this was that there's evidence of metal fatigue where the blade separated." Sumwalt added that the engine's cowling was found on the ground about 70 miles northwest of Philadelphia. Investigators won't complete their determination of the cause for several months. "We do have information that there was one fatality," Sumwalt told reporters during a news conference earlier in the day. Philadelphia Fire Department Commissioner Adam Thiel had previously told reporters that one person was transported to a hospital in critical condition and that the seven others were treated at the scene for minor injuries. In a news conference in Dallas, Southwest Airlines CEO Gary Kelly said the twin-engine 737 had just been inspected on Sunday. He said the deceased passenger is Southwest's first in-flight fatality. The NTSB's Sumwalt said that Kelly promised that the entire fleet at Southwest will receive an "ultra-sonic inspection." According to the Associated Press and other news reports, passengers said that shrapnel from the failed engine smashed a window and the resulting cabin decompression pulled a female passenger partially out of the plane. The Associated Press reported:  "Another passenger, Alfred Tumlinson, of Corpus Christi, Texas, said a man in a cowboy hat rushed forward a few rows 'to grab that lady to pull her back in. She was out of the plane. He couldn't do it by himself so another gentleman came over and helped to get her back in the plane and they got her.' "Another passenger, Eric Zilbert, an administrator with the California Education Department, said: 'From her waist above, she was outside of the plane.'"  The woman received CPR from flight attendants and other passengers, as well as electric current from a defibrillator, according to the New York Times. Southwest and other authorities have not released the name of the deceased passenger. But she was identified by New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez as Jennifer Riordan, a Wells Fargo Bank executive, according to the Associated Press. "The entire Southwest Airlines Family is devastated and extends its deepest, heartfelt sympathy to the Customers, employees, family members and loved ones affected by this tragic event," the airline said in a statement. The Boeing 737-700 had 144 passengers and five crew members onboard as it headed from New York to Dallas, according to the airline. (Initial reports were 143 passengers.) The plane made the emergency landing "after the crew reported damage to one of the aircraft's engines, as well as the fuselage and at least one window," according to the Federal Aviation Administration. Crew members alerted air traffic controllers that there were injured passengers. "Could you have medical meet us on the runway as well, we've got injured passengers," said a crew member in audio posted on LiveATC.net. "Injured passengers, OK, and is your airplane physically on fire?" asks the air controller. "No, it's not on fire, but part of it's missing," she responds. "They said there's a hole and someone went out," she added. Photos taken by passengers on Flight 1380 and others showed that one of the plane's windows was blown out and parts of an engine were ripped off. "Something is wrong with our plane! It appears we are going down!" passenger Marty Martinez said in a livestream video as he breathed through an oxygen mask. He said on Facebook that an explosion outside the window injured a woman sitting next to it. Passenger Kristopher Johnson told CNN, "All of a sudden we just heard this loud bang rattling and then felt like one of the engines went out, the oxygen masks dropped. "We just got the mask on, and as soon as we landed we were thankful. The pilots did a great job, the crew did a great job, got us down in Philly." Sumwalt, the NTSB chairman, said that the federal agency is deploying a "go team" to conduct an "extensive investigation." He says that the flight recorders have been secured from the plane, and the investigators expect to receive a preliminary readout this evening. The engine will be shipped off-site for inspection, he said. Contrary to earlier reports, Sumwalt said there was no indication of an engine fire. He noted that the separation of the fan blade could have triggered alarms in the cockpit. The flight tracker FlightAware shows that the plane took off fro

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- It's Clear Humans Are Changing World's Climate, Panel Says. -- Ctrl-Alt-Delete Defenders Tell Gates It Wasn't A Mistake. And here are more early headlines: Government Shutdown Nears As Lawmakers Squabble Over Budget. (Los Angeles Times) Iran Nuclear Talks At UN Cordial, Next Negotiations Set For Geneva. (USA Today) Mali Rebels Suspend Peace Talks, Blame Government. (BBC) Deadly Building Collapse In India Traps Scores Of People. (CBC) Two Colorado Farmers Charged In Deadly Listeria Outbreak. (Wall Street Journal) KKK Chapter Obtains Permit For Rally At Gettysburg Battlefield. (Hanover Evening Sun) United Crewman Has Heart Attack, Plane Lands Safely In Boise. (KOMO-TV)


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Question: Senate GOP Leaders Delay Health Care Vote Until After July 4 Recess

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Lacking votes, Senate GOP leaders have abruptly delayed a vote on their health care bill until after the July 4 recess. NPR’s Scott Horsley (@HorsleyScott) joins Here & Now‘s Jeremy Hobson to discuss where the effort to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act stands. With reporting from The Associated Press

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

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San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

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Question: Specialty Crops and the Farm Bill

The farm bill recently passed by Congress authorizes billions of dollars in spending. One new program that would be funded by the measure would spend $1.8 billion to assist "specialty crop" producers — farmers who supply the fresh fruits and vegetables sold at local markets.  Supporters of the provision want to shift farm programs away from bulk commodities and toward production of what they say is more nutritious and environmentally friendly food.  Peter Hancock of Kansas Public Radio reports. MICHELE NORRIS, host:  From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Michele Norris.  ANDREA SEABROOK, host:  And I'm Andrea Seabrook.  Here's something new in the massive farm bill the House of Representatives passed last week. For the first time, lawmakers set aside money for programs to help farmers who grow fruits and vegetables, produce for local markets. If the provision makes it into law, it will be a big victory for those pushing for more sustainable agriculture policies.  From Kansas Public Radio, Peter Hancock reports.  PETER HANCOCK: It's early on a Saturday morning at the farmers market in Lawrence, Kansas, and as usual, it's already bustling. Many of the 50 or so farmers here have been up since before dawn to pick their newly ripe tomatoes, zucchinis and watermelons before hauling them into town.  Stephanie Thomas(ph) sells fresh organic produce grown on her farm just south of here. But she's far from your typical Kansas farmer. Thomas didn't grow up on a farm and didn't start farming until later in life. And she said she owes it all to a small federally funded program called Growing Growers - a kind of internship program run by the Kansas and Missouri Extension Services.  Ms. STEPHANIE THOMAS (Produce farmer): I work on a farm full time, so I work with the farmers. I learned everything that they were doing. They gave me one-on-one instruction to, you know, with farm machinery, controlling pests, you know, biological things, and - then we also had a workshop every month that covered, you know, those topics in depth and pest management, you know, seed starting, things like that, and a stack of books this big from K-State that I use every single day, still.  HANCOCK: Growing Growers is one example of the kind of program that would benefit from a provision of the farm bill passed last week by the House. It provides $1.6 billion over five years to help these small-scale produce farmers. That's just a tiny fraction of the $280 billion in spending. Most of which would go for food stamps and traditional subsidies for commodities like wheat, corn and cotton. But advocates of shifting U.S. farm policy away from those subsidy programs hail it as a small step forward.  Dan Nagengast, who grows flowers and herbs on a farm south of Lawrence, argues that big subsidies have actually hurt American agriculture and the rural economy.  Mr. DAN NAGENGAST (Executive director, Kansas Rural Center): The subsidies, especially those that go to the very largest farms, allow them to overbid for rental crop acres, allows them to buy the bigger tractors which means they're continually on this treadmill of bigger tractors needing more land, being able to offer higher rents. And that means fewer farmers. I mean, that's sort of the recipe - fewer farmers, fewer schools, fewer businesses, all those sorts of things. And so the high subsidies meant a decline in rural towns.  HANCOCK: But more traditional farm lobby groups are opposing any major shift in farm policy that comes at the expense of big agribusiness. Kansas Farm Bureau president, Steve Baccus, argues that focusing local as opposed to global markets ultimately hurts consumers.  Mr. STEVE BACCUS (President, Kansas Farm Bureau): When your wife goes to the grocery store in the middle of the wintertime, she wants to be able to buy grapes and strawberries and peaches and lettuce and everything else. And if you go away from a large international market, then she's going to buy strawberries and peaches and lettuce during the very few short months of the year that that local market can produce it.  HANCOCK: It's expected that debate over the direction of farm policy will heat up even more as the bill now moves to the Senate. While advocates for small-scale farming - like those who grow tomatoes for your local farmers market -push for reform, others are pushing back. Groups representing traditional farmers who grow thousands of acres of wheat and corn will likely lobby hard to protect the subsidies that have benefited them for decades.  For NPR News, I'm Peter Hancock in Topeka.

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Public Financing of Political Campaigns, The Legend of St. Nicholas, Field Notes: Gorillas, Focus on Technology, Gluten-Free Living, The Big Screen: Forever


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Question: The Beauty of the L.A. Marathon

One day a year, cars get kicked to the curb in a city known for traffic and smog. The L.A. Marathon is on Sunday and poet Lewis MacAdams couldn't be more excited ... even if he's not running. ALEX CHADWICK, host:   Another story about running now, this one right in our own backyard. The Los Angeles Marathon is Sunday. It's one day every year that the city known for freeways actually focuses on a more human locomotion.   Poet Lewis MacAdams lives in downtown L.A., along the marathon route. Here's a little observation, one of what he calls his Close to Home stories.  (Soundbite of motorcycle engine)  Mr. LEWIS MACADAMS (Poet): My wake up call came before the crack of dawn from about 30 Harley Davidsons rumbling to a halt nine floors below me. I tried to fight my way back to sleep, as somebody cranked up a wall of thumping Jackson 5.  (Soundbite of music)  MACADAMS: How do you tell a Christian motorcycle club and their old ladies, everybody tattooed up to the shoulders of their cutoff jean jackets with Set Free patches sewn over their hearts to shut up? You don't bother.   I love the L.A. Marathon. It's the one day of the year that cars get kicked to the curb across vast swaths of the city. I made myself coffee, climbed into some sweats, descended into the street where, eyes stinging and bleary, a few dazed residents joined the homeless huddled in the doorways as the frontrunners of the wheelchair contingent rolled by.  For me, these guys are the marathon's heroes. They all have the shoulders of Hercules, the torsos of Zeus, and useless appendages stretching out in front of them, little leg stubs with black gloves covering unusable toes. Yet every one of them is leaning into it, whirring toward the finish line, as the Christian motorcycle ladies run after them spilling little cups of water. But none of the rollers even looks up. Everyone along the street is cheering, yelling go-go-go to the wheeling man-machines.  An hour later, almost as an afterthought, come the runners. They are the aristocrats of human locomotion, an east African phalanx running straight up with perfect posture, expressionless. After 26 miles they're barely breaking a sweat, not remotely out of breath, skinny legs and rib cages showing.   But what's really amazing is that despite the helicopter camera ship hovering and the chase cars rolling alongside, fewer and fewer people are paying any attention. The stores are opening up. The crone in the doorway starts screeching again. The crazy Japanese lady in the fur hat and high heeled boots begins to dance.   The runners are just too unapproachably perfect for people in this neighborhood, I guess. We're drawn to the wheelchair racers doing the best that they can with all that they've got left.  CHADWICK: It's a Close to Home story from Los Angeles poet Lewis MacAdams.

Taco Truck Controversy. Fire Arts Festival. Hollywood Gentrified. A New Cathedral in Oakland.


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Question: Anthony Weiner Is Eyeing A Return To Politics

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Just under two years after his once-rising political career went up in flames because of an extramarital sexting scandal, former Democratic Rep. Anthony Weiner is plotting a possible comeback. In a long piece posted Wednesday by The New York Times Magazine, journalist Jonathan Van Meter recounts what he's been told by Weiner and the former New York congressman's wife, Huma Abedin, over the course of many interviews in recent months. And Van Meter drops an eye-catching nugget of news. During a breakfast interview in February, "Weiner quickly put all the speculation to rest: he is eyeing the mayor's race." That is, a run this year for mayor of New York City. Weiner's political committee, the Times says, has already spent about $100,000 on polling. Van Meter writes that:  "When I asked what he took away from the polling by David Binder (the full results of which he declined to share with The Times), [Weiner] said: 'People are generally prepared to get over it, but they don't know if they're prepared to vote for me. And there's a healthy number of people who will never get over it. . . . It's a little complicated because I always attracted a fairly substantial amount of people who didn't like me anyway.' He laughed. 'I am a bit of a polarizing case.' "As for his actual odds? 'David said I'd be the underdog in any race I ran.' "  About her husband and their marriage, Abedin, a longtime aide to Hillary Rodham Clinton, tells Van Meter:  "It took a lot of work, both mentally and in the way we engage with each other, for me to get to a place where I said: 'O.K., I'm in. I'm staying in this marriage.' Here was a man I respected, I loved, was the father of this child inside of me, and he was asking me for a second chance. And I'm not going to say that was an easy or fast decision that I made. It's been almost two years now. I did spend a lot of time saying and thinking: 'I. Don't. Understand.' And it took a long time to be able to sit on a couch next to Anthony and say, 'O.K., I understand and I forgive.' It was the right choice for me. I didn't make it lightly."


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Question: Study Abroad Program In Ghana Looks At Both Sides Of Slave Trade

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Lehigh University in Pennsylvania takes students to Ghana to learn about the Transatlantic slave trade. The two professors in charge of the study abroad program come from different perspectives: one descended from slaves, the other’s ancestors helped the British trade slaves. Sara Hoover (@smhooverville) of Here & Now contributor WHYY has our story.

Stories: 1) Human Trafficking Revealed In 'The Snakehead' 2) Journalist Reports On The Situation In Afghanistan


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Question: Art Education in California

Forum assesses a recent study on the state of art education in California schools. What is the quality of art education, and how accessible is it?

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Who's Carl This Time

Who is begging to pay taxes?; three years ago, this looked really cool, now... not so much; the man who either wowed 'em in Washington or stank up the place: you decide.

In this edition of This, That, or the Other, contestants must decide: is it a Danielle Steel novel, a Talking Heads song, or a Wrestlemania tagline? Heard on Javier Muñoz & David Harbour: The World Turned Upside Down


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: We Visit A Mississippi Town 3 Months After Massive ICE Raid

From the day of the raids, the community has rallied behind immigrant families. All across town, you find the kind of relief efforts you might see after a natural disaster.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: How Nations Across The World Are Reacting To The U.S. Decision To Leave Iran Nuclear Deal

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Iran and the world react to President Trump's announcement about that the United States will leave the Iran nuclear deal.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Former House Speaker Dennis Hastert Transferred Out Of Prison. -- 'American Nightmare': How A U.S. Police Shooting Is Roiling Australia. -- Wildfires Rage Through British Columbia, Forcing 40,000 From Their Homes. -- England Unveils New 10-Pound Note Featuring Jane Austen. -- Kermit The Frog Actor Fired Over 'Unacceptable Business Conduct'.  And here are more early headlines: U.S. To Impose Sanctions Over Iran's Ballistic Missile Program. (Reuters) Duterte Wants To Extend Martial Law In Southern Philippines. (AP) Trump Warns Venezuela Against Rewriting Its Constitution. (CNBC)


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Question: Nunez: Dems Will Fix Budget Solo, If Needed

With the clock ticking for legislators to resolve the current year fiscal crisis, Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez vowed today to do it without Republicans if necessary.
In comments to the Sacramento Press Club, the Los Angeles Democrat emphasized that he hopes to find common ground with GOP lawmakers on how to resolve the $3.3 billion shortfall [...]


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E.g. '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', "Former Equestrian Says She Sprayed Pig's Blood In Lover's Home As Revenge For Affair"]' == '['Represent', 'Lizzie Purbrick, a former champion equestrian, admitted in a British court that she scrawled rude messages inside her lover\'s house in pig\'s blood as revenge for an affair. She said she discovered her partner, conservative member of Parliament David Prior, was sleeping with another woman. So in May, she let herself into his South London home, armed with the blood.  Purbrick turned herself into police quickly, and confessed to the crime in court on Tuesday. She called the blood-spraying act "cathartic."  She has been sentenced to 120 hours of community service.  The Telegraph reports on her crime:   "Purbrick, 63, who was part of Great Britain\'s equestrian team in the 1980 Moscow Olympics, took revenge on her lover, Lord Prior of Brampton, after catching him in the arms of another woman. "After obtaining eight litres of pig\'s blood from a friend who was a butcher, she let herself into his south London flat and used a garden sprayer to paint the words "whore", "lady slut" and "big d*** lord" on the walls. "She also drew a penis on the floor before emptying the remainder of the pig\'s blood everywhere and then leaving a cheque for £1,000."  Purbrick "played loud music" as she sprayed the blood around, and selected pig\'s blood on purpose because Prior "liked pigs," the BBC reports.  Her defense attorney, Simon Nicholls, tells NPR there was "no dispute about the pig\'s blood" or the writing on the walls. His argument in her defense, he said, was that this was a "one-off incident" — a hot-blooded crime, not a cold-blooded one, if you will.  As a result, he argued, a restraining order was not necessary. The judge was not convinced and imposed the restraining order anyway.  Nicholls also apologized in court for his client appearing in pink shorts and a white T-shirt. He tells NPR that she couldn\'t find an Uber or a cab, and had to walk "a significant distance" from the London Underground station to the courthouse.  She arrived just in time for the trial, without enough time to change into the more formal clothes she brought with her, he said.  Purbrick spoke to reporters outside the courtroom (after she had changed into a dress) about the relationship, her crime and her sentence.  "We were together for eight years," Purbrick said, according to the Telegraph. "I was all set up to be Lady Prior." She called the judge a "sweetheart," the BBC reports, expressing relief that she didn\'t have to go to jail:  "Purbrick said she was due to catch a flight to South Africa, where members of her family live and where she plans to spend much of her time. Asked about what that meant for her impending community service, she joked: \'I think I\'ve got two years to do 20 hours - I didn\'t listen to be honest.\' "  Prior, the member of Parliament whose home was defaced, is a former investment banker and corporate lawyer who was an adamant remainer, meaning he lobbied for the U.K. to remain in the European Union.  Purbrick competed in the 1978 world equestrian championships, and in 1981, she was part of an equestrian team that won gold at the European Championships.']' != '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Good morning, here are our early stories: As Midwest Slides And Shovels, Mid-Atlantic Prepares For 'Snowquester'. At The Vatican, 'No Rush' To Set Conclave; And Fake Bishop Tries To Get In. And here are more early headlines: Senate Panel Expected To Vote On Brennan's CIA Nomination. (Politico) North Korea Warns It May Cancel Truce With South Korea. (VOA) Malaysia Uses Jets To Hunt Filipino Insurgents. (Reuters) Suspect Questioned In Acid Attack On Bolshoi Ballet Artistic Director. (Los Angeles Times) 12 Charged With Manslaughter In FAMU Drum Major Death. (Miami Herald) In Messy Lawsuit, Martha Stewart To Testify On Who Can Sell Her Products. (AP) Justin Bieber Tweets Regrets, Fans Still Enraged After He Took Stage 2 Hours Late. (MTV)"]'

Question: Editor Who Misled 'Oregonian' About Colleague's Death Is Fired

The "family friend" who told The Oregonian that its editorial page editor was in his car on Saturday when he died of a heart attack turns out to have been another editor at the newspaper. She says she was trying to protect Caldwell's family from the public embarrassment that would come with the truth: that he had been in the apartment of a young woman with whom he was allegedly having sex. Because she misled others at the newspaper, Kathleen Glanville is now out of a job. She had been an editor on the Oregonian's breaking news team, Willamette Week says. But Glanville reports she's been dismissed: "I Understand;" Read More:  "I want to take this opportunity to say thank you to The Oregonian for the many years that I had the privilege to work there," she wrote on her Facebook page Thursday. "I was fired this afternoon because in the midst of great sorrow for the loss of my dearest friend, I did not share with the paper the embarrassing details of his death, which I knew only because of my close relationship with his wife. I understand the need my newspaper felt ... to punish my violation of journalistic ethics in some way."  As for how the newspaper was misled and on Monday printed erroneous information about Bob Caldwell's death, Oregonian editor Peter Bhatia today posted a long account that says "misinformation, not a coverup," caused the initial error. It wasn't until later on Monday, he says, after a reporter obtained a police report about Caldwell's death, that "to our shock, we learned the true circumstances of what happened Saturday." Monday night, the Oregonian told the true story. As for the decision to divulge the tawdry nature of Caldwell's death, Bhatia writes that:  "Frankly, this was a no-win choice. If we went with the story, we would be  criticized for besmirching a good man and further hurting his family. If we held  the details back, we would be accused of a cover-up. ... "In the end, the call to publish ... was the only decision. ... First, it was the truth and it was news. Second, if the person in question were  of similar stature elsewhere in the community, we would almost certainly have  published the circumstances of his death. Third, we had the original details  wrong and the paper's integrity required we clarify the facts."  Caldwell's widow, Lora Cuykendall, wrote earlier this week on her Facebook page that her husband "would have understood why The Oregonian needed to print the story."

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- In Syria, Peace Plan 'Is Unraveling'. -- Pentagon Condemns Actions Of Soldiers Posing With Suicide Bombers' Remains. -- Ted Nugent Stands Firm, Secret Service To Look Into His Words About Obama. Other stories making news: Read More -- "Obama, Romney In Dead Heat Among Registered Voters." (CBS News) -- Norway's Mass Murderer Says "He Should Either Be Acquitted Or Executed;" A Jail Term Would Be "Pathetic." (The Guardian) -- "Secret Service Inquiry Leads To Colombian Brothels." (The New York Times) -- "GSA Official's Wife Accompanied Him On Trips At Taxpayer Expense." (The Washington Post) -- "Ozzie Guillen Back In Marlins' Dugout, Promises To Manage His Mouth." (Miami Herald) -- "Spanish King Juan Carlos Sorry For Botswana Hunt Trip." (BBC News)


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Question: Barbra Streisand Shows Off Her 'Passion For Design'

Music legend Barbra Streisand is a long way from where she started out in Brooklyn. She has a new book out, My Passion for Design, that presents the story of her dream house, from blueprints to roses. Host Scott Simon talks to  Streisand about her storied career as well as her new coffee table book. SCOTT SIMON, host:  Barbra Streisand is a long way from where she started out in Brooklyn. She has a new book out, called "My Passion for Design," that presents the story of her California dream house, from blueprints to roses. She's appearing once more as Ben Stiller's mother in the new movie "Little Fockers." And the singer, actor, director, winner of two Oscars, eight Grammys, four Emmys, and seller of more than 140 million albums around the world, will be honored as the 2011 MusiCares Person of the Year in February, as much for her philanthropic work as the voice that made Streisand a household name.  (Soundbite of song, "Don't Rain on My Parade")  Ms. BARBRA STREISAND (Singer): (Singing) Don't tell me not to live just (unintelligible) life's candy and the sun's a ball of butter. Don't bring around a cloud to rain on my parade. Don't...  SIMON: Barbra Streisand joins us now from her home in Malibu. Thanks so much for being with us.  Ms. STREISAND: My pleasure.  SIMON: You didn't grow up in a house, much less a mansion, did you?  Ms. STREISAND: I don't have a mansion now, but I sure didn't grow up in a house. No, I grew up in a little apartment in Brooklyn. I slept in the bed with my mother and my brother had a little rollaway cot that came down at night.  SIMON: May I ask: When did you know you had that voice?  Ms. STREISAND: Well, when I was five years old I remember sitting outside with the girls and we would harmonize. Sit on the stoop and just sing. And I thought  I thought I might have had a good voice.  SIMON: And did that change the way people looked at you as a kid, your voice?  Ms. STREISAND: Well, I think I say it in the book. I mean, we had identities on that street in Brooklyn, and I was kind of known as the girl without the father with the good voice.  SIMON: What's it like to live in a place - you've got a glancing reference of this - what's it like to live in a place you can hear the tour buses blaring your name as they go by the window?  Ms. STREISAND: Well, you mean when I lived in town, when I lived in Los Angeles.  SIMON: Yeah.  Ms. STREISAND: God, that was awful. I mean, you had to sneak out of your own house. You had to make sure that nobody was watching you. I mean, literally, they were coming every few minutes. So I'm in heaven now.  SIMON: Do you think back much on your - 'cause you were working for a living when you were a teenager...  Ms. STREISAND: Oh yeah. I started working when I was 11. I started babysitting.  SIMON: How did you start working in clubs when you were just a little older than that?  Ms. STREISAND: I always wanted to be an actress, a classical actress, actually, but I couldn't get any jobs. I mean, I made rounds for a couple of days and it was so discouraging. And so I decided to enter a talent contest as a singer. And I got the job. And because I couldn't get jobs as an actress, I actually approached my singing as an actress and gave myself acting exercises or parts to play.  As a matter of fact, you know, I'm still there. I'm still sort of working in the same way I did when I was 18 years old in a way.  SIMON: May I ask: When you were younger and not known around the world, did anyone try and persuade you to change what you did, who you were?  Ms. STREISAND: Oh sure. I mean, the first thing was, well, is she going to have a nose job? And I said no, you know, why can't I be me? Why can't I be who I am? Why do I have to look a certain way or sound a certain way or sing a certain kind of song?  SIMON: We asked some of our listeners if they had any questions for you. May I trot a couple by?  Ms. STREISAND: Oh sure, sure, sure.  SIMON: Jay Strep(ph) would like to know what is her favorite - your favorite song to sing.  Ms. STREISAND: My favorite song to sing?  SIMON: Yeah.  Ms. STREISAND: New ones.  (Soundbite of laughter)  Ms. STREISAND: That's why I'm going to enjoy recording in January. So in terms of the songs that I have sung before, well, I like singing the song I wrote, "Evergreen." I actually like singing that a lot. I like singing "The Way We Were." I like singing that song called "Unusual Way."  (Soundbite of song, "Unusual Way")  Ms. STREISAND: (Singing) In a very unusual way, one time I needed you. In a very unusual way, you were my friend. Maybe it lasted a day, maybe it lasted an hour. But somehow it will never end...  (Speaking) I think it's a beautiful song. It's not that well known, probably. "What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life," I enjoy singing that.  SIMON: (Singing) What are you doing for the...  (Speaking) Yeah.  Ms. STREISAND: Yes, that one.  SIMON: I can't believe I'm the one singing.  (Soundbite of laughter)  Ms. STREISAND: Well, that's fi

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Stories: 1) The Couple Behind Some Of Hollywood's Classic Tunes 2) A Graceful Search For 'Higher Ground'


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Question: Is WikiLeaks Release Brave Or Unethical?

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton called the massive leak of diplomatic cables an attack on U.S. foreign policy interests and the international community. WikiLeaks calls its public disclosure whistle-blowing, and argues that the public has a right to know what its government is doing.

Good morning, here are some of the stories we're looking at this morning: Space Shuttle Discovery Is On Its Last Flight. Mass Killer In Norway Declares 'I Would Have Done It Again'. Did Obama's Policies Help, Or Hinder, The Economy? GSA Inspector General Is Investigating Possible Bribes, Kickbacks. (Washington Post) African Union Says Suspends Guinea Bissau After Coup. (Reuters) UN Chief: Observers Say Syrian Ceasefire Generally Observed. (Dow Jones) Wikileaks Founder Julian Assange Interviews Hezbollah Leader In TV Premiere. (AP) Google Fined $25,000 For 'Willfully' Stonewalling FCC. (WTSP-TV) Welding-Caused Fire At Idaho National Laboratory Prompts Evacuations. (AP) Bruins Goalie Tim Thomas Greeted By Obama Masks. (USA Today)


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Question: Man's Ancient Friend: 6,000-Year-Old Dog Remains Found On Arabian Peninsula

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As archeologists in Saudi Arabia excavated an ancient tomb last year, they were surprised to find the remains of a dog buried alongside humans some 6,000 years ago. "It was an incredibly exhilarating moment," archaeologist Hugh Thomas says. "Suddenly it dawned on us: Wow, do we have the oldest domesticated dog in Arabia?" The burial placement suggested that the dog was domesticated, Hugh says. Signs of aging and arthritis on the dog's bones corroborated the theory because wild animals would not have lived such long lives. Given how old the tomb was, Thomas suspected he may have found a historically early example of a pet dog. He wanted to use carbon-14 testing to date the remains to see whether he had a discovery on his hands.  Then COVID-19 hit. The team packed their things and rushed out of Saudi Arabia, leaving behind a mass of archaeological evidence. While home in quarantine, Thomas began writing a study about the land survey and submitted it for publication. The publishers inquired about how old the dog remains were. The best Thomas could provide was a broad estimate based on the human bones. Then suddenly, a tiny piece of the dog's jawbone was extracted from the site and submitted for carbon-14 testing. It turned out to be the oldest domesticated dog in the region. The 6,000-year-old remains aren't groundbreaking; one of the earliest accounts of dog domestication is from 14,000 years ago in Germany. But this discovery does give researchers a clue about ancient life in the region. "Little facets like this, like a single dog bone being C-14 dated, suddenly becomes a major part of the story of these people," Thomas says. "It ties in really nicely with the rock art that we have in the region showing packs of dogs used for hunting." Thomas' team combined the bone sample with other types of evidence to get a clearer understanding of history. A big piece of the historical puzzle was rock art — paintings and etchings on slabs of rock created by people thousands of years ago. Archaeologist Maria Guagnin, who specializes in rock art, teamed up with Thomas to develop the historical narrative around this now-oldest example of Arabian dog domestication. "There's always been this debate," she says. "How much control did humans actually have over these dogs? Just from bone remains, you can't really answer that question. In the rock art, we could see there were leashes, and there was clear control over dogs. ... It was quite a close relationship." In addition to leashes, the rock art shows dogs helping with hunting and other parts of daily life.  "Of course, a bond would grow between these people and the dogs," Thomas says. "The same way that we have a bond with dogs today."

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Jordan Strikes At ISIS; Obama Said To Be Preparing To Request War Powers. -- Pilots Of Doomed Taipei Flight Faced Problems With Both Engines. And here are more early headlines: French, German Leaders To Fly To Moscow To Discuss Ukraine. (Telegraph) Heavy "Pineapple Express" Storm To Hit West Coast. (Los Angeles Times) IMF Officials Offer $100 Million In Debt Relief To 3 Ebola-Hit Countries. (Guardian) Australian Prime Minister Faces Internal Leadership Challenge. (New York Times) Kansas Governor Will Reduce Education Spending To Close Budget Gap. (Kansas City Star) Virus Kills A Fourth Giant Panda At Chinese Rescue Center. (South China Morning Post) Canal Builders In Nicaragua Discover 15,000 Ancient Relics. (AP) Obituary Jokes That Seahawks' Superbowl Loss Led To Man's Death. (Time)


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Question: Australia Wildfires Have Claimed 25 Lives And Will Burn For Months, Officials Say

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Australia's government is offering new help to people who have lost their homes and others affected by bushfires that have burned millions of acres of land. At least 25 people have died in the fires, which have brought historic levels of destruction. While conditions improved slightly over the weekend, forecasters warn that dangerously hot and windy conditions will likely return later this week. At least 19 deaths have been reported in New South Wales, with several other fatalities in both Victoria and South Australia. Fire officials in New South Wales said Monday morning that 69 fires remained uncontained, with a total of 136 fires in the state. The fires will continue to burn for months to come, officials say. But the bushfires have exacted a staggering environmental toll. "The number of cattle and sheep killed is still being tallied, but the losses are expected to be enormous," NPR's Jason Beaubien reports. "And the death toll among wild animals is even worse. An ecologist at Sydney University estimates that nearly half a billion animals perished in the state of New South Wales alone." Beaubien is reporting from Kangaroo Valley, a forested area south of Sydney that has long been a camping and kayaking destination — but which now stands covered in gray ash, with charred tree trunks the only sign of vegetation. In a broad swath of Australia's southeast, smoke has tinted the air a yellowish orange. The smoke has also reached New Zealand. People who live in Melbourne — more than 100 miles away from the nearest fires, and much farther away from the worst blazes — saw their city blanketed in smoke Monday, with a fog-like haze that only worsened as the day went on. A new $1.4 billion bushfire recovery fund has been created to help residents, businesses and farmers rebound from their devastating losses, Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced Monday. That's in addition to other aid sources — and the enormous cost of fighting the fires. "Whatever it takes, and whatever it costs, we will ensure Australians get the support they need to rebuild and recover from these bushfires," Morrison said. Morrison has been sharply criticized for his handling of the fires, from accusations that he hasn't done enough to help state officials to anger over his recent vacation trip to Hawaii. The fires are raging as Australia readies for its turn in the world's athletic spotlight, as the Australian Open is set to begin in Melbourne on Jan. 20. In the run-up to that Grand Slam event, other high-profile tournaments are taking place in Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide — cities whose areas have been touched by wildfires. Because of the fires, one international tourney has already been moved from Canberra to Bendigo, Tennis Australia says. Athletes and Tennis Australia have pledged to donate money for fire relief efforts. With its fire season triggering a national crisis, Australia has called on its military to move resources into place and carry people out of harm's way. On Sunday, an air force C-27 cargo plane helped to evacuate more than 170 people from Mallacoota, a town on the southeast coast, Australia's Department of Defense says. About 170 miles north of Mallacoota, artists in the town of Mogo tell Australia's ABC that their home was among at least 60 properties destroyed over the weekend, robbing them of years' worth of work. The fires were so intense that unfinished pottery that was in the house won't need to go into a kiln. "The fire actually finished off my work — and me," Peter Williams tells ABC. On Monday, residents of Canberra and the Australian Capital Territory were under a state of alert, told to avoid spending extended time outdoors because of heavy smoke from blazes in nearby New South Wales and Victoria. The territory is offering free respirator masks to vulnerable Canberrans, including pregnant women and people older than 65. To show their appreciation for the thousands of firefighters who are trying to save property and lives, many residents have been displaying red ribbons on their fences. While fire and rescue officials say they appreciate that gesture, they're also urging people to put a special sign on their mailbox if they have a large supply of water on the premises such as a pool, so it can be used to douse flames nearby. While a large portion of southeast Australia has been under threat of fires in recent weeks, people on its northwest coast are facing a new peril that could further strain national emergency authorities: Cyclone Blake, the first cyclone of Australia's tropical storm season, is expected to make landfall late Tuesday or early Wednesday local time. A Category 1 storm as of Monday, Blake could intensify into a Category 2 cyclone as it moves to the south-southwest along the coast, national forecasters say.

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Protests, Clashes Build Again In Cairo. -- Deal Reached On Greek Debt, Markets Rise In Relief. -- Arafat's Grave Opened, Samples Taken To Be Tested For Poison. Other stories making news: -- "Fiscal Cliff Compromise: Devil Is In The Definition Of Revenue." (It's All Politics) -- Fiscal Cliff Talks "Accelerate." (The Washington Post) -- Bangladesh Factory Fire That Killed More Than 100 "Was Deliberately Set, Officials Believe." (The Guardian) -- "North Korea Suspected Of Planning Rocket Test." (The New York Times) -- Sandy-related Damage In New York And New Jersey Topped $60 Billion, Governors Say. (The Associated Press) -- Dr. Joseph Murray, Who Performed First Successful Kidney Transplant And Won A Nobel Prize, Has Died. (The Associated Press) -- Powerball Jackpot At Record $425 Million — And Growing — Ahead Of Wednesday Drawing. (ABC News)


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Question: 'The Watchers' Have Had Their Eyes On Us For Years

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The revelations about secret National Security Agency programs, leaked by Edward Snowden earlier this month, have stirred great controversy, but this type of surveillance is not entirely new, according to journalist Shane Harris. In his 2010 book, The Watchers: The Rise of America's Surveillance State, Harris traced the evolution of these surveillance programs in the U.S. He says that as the digital age advanced, the NSA reached a crossroads and realized that analog tactics like phone tapping were quickly becoming obsolete: There was a whole new world of digital information to be accessed. "They're realizing," says Harris, "if we can get into this 'digital network' ... [that] they would effectively be able to monitor global communications." Because these communications were traveling through lines inside the United States, the U.S. was the central switching station for the global communications grid. The laws at the time, however, forbade much of that kind of intelligence gathering in the United States. "9/11 changed all that," Harris tells Fresh Air's Terry Gross. Harris is a reporter at Foreign Policy. He's also written about intelligence, surveillance and cybersecurity for the Washingtonian and National Journal.  Interview Highlights  On how the dawn of the digital era created a crisis for surveillance agencies "The law changed such that in the future, whenever the companies built and installed these digital network systems for communications, they too had to be built in a way that law enforcement could execute a warrant quickly and easily ... "So they basically had to install and build in an architecture that allows for digital surveillance at a high volume ... so essentially what you have now is a phone system that can be easily tapped and quickly tapped ... and there was a real debate about ... whether this would give the government even more intrusive access into communications because you can just swallow up so many more kinds of digital communication at once rather than tapping one phone line at a time."   On John Poindexter's Total Information Awareness (TIA) program of 2002 "His goal was to create a system that could access all of the digital information anywhere in real time — everything from phone calls and emails, text messages, rental car reservations, credit card transactions, prescription records. "And the idea behind TIA was it would go out and look through this huge ... universe of data, and look for patterns of activity or patterns of transactions that analysts had predetermined were associated with terrorist attacks. "Any movement that you make today leaves a digital signature, a digital trail. Investigators, after a terrorist attack has occurred, go back and use all of those digital signatures and trails to figure out who these people were and how they did the plot. Why can't we look at it before the event occurs and try to predict with some degree of certainty where we should then be focusing our attention and which people we should be closely monitoring? But to do that you had to collect all of the information available everywhere." On why TIA (Total Information Awareness) was shut down  "What he was proposing at the time — and this is before we realized what had been going on in secret at the NSA, sounded Orwellian. It sounded almost absurd. The idea that you would want to go out and give the government access to every single person's record and let them root through it, really seemed just a step too far, even in the one or two years after 9/11 when the country was still very much on edge and we were fighting a war in Afghanistan; it just seemed like it was just excessive. "The name creeped people out. It was called 'Total Information Awareness.' It had this logo of the pyramid from the great seal of the United States with this floating eye on it casing a beam over the globe; it looked very menacing." On Snowden working for a private contractor "What I'm surprised by is how it is that any employee at his level, whether a contractor or not, would have access to some of the information that he had access to. The NSA prides itself on being one of the most secure agencies in government. This is the agency, after all, that specializes in cryptology. They are code-makers and code-breakers. So how is it that these incredibly sensitive documents — particularly the court order related to metadata — was just accessible to anyone and to remove with a thumb drive, regardless of whether they were a contractor or not?" On the generational value gap "There is a cultural collision, a clash that's going on here with these organizations that are built on compartmentalization and secrecy and deceit to a certain degree, needing the expertise of someone like Ed Snowden who grew up in the digital age, who grew up using computers as if they were regular household items. "That's the workforce that the NSA has to pull from. The value systems may not be compatible, however. It strikes me that, you know, ther

Stories: 1) Lawrence Wright: Bin Laden's Death 'Long In Coming' 2) How Some Made Millions Betting Against The Market


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Question: High School Film Archive

For post-World War II America, 16-millimeter film was the medium of choice...for newsreels and educational films. While it's been placed by video in the market, some schools still rely on these films to teach everything from law of gravity to Edgar Allen Poe's "The Raven." But preservation is a problem...Chicago's cash-strapped public schools are worried that, unless they can find a safe repository for the films, they'll lose a valuable educational resource. NPR's Rick Karr reports from Chicago.

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Question: Filmically Perfect   "CREEP SHOW" 1982

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Five jolting tales of horror from the cryptkeepr! (illustrated by Jack Davis)

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Interview with DAVID CALOF cont'd.Floating :30 I.D 12:35 and 12:45]


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'['represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr.\n\n\nFewshots:\n\'Judge Rules Noriega Can Be Extradited to France\' == \'Former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega can be extradited to France when he completes his U.S. prison sentence on Sept. 9, a federal judge ruled Tuesday.      Noriega has been serving time for a 1992 drug trafficking conviction.       The 73-year-old Noriega made a bid in federal court to be sent back to Panama, but France wants him to face charges of laundering more than $3 million in drug profits through French banks.  Last week, another federal judge rejected Noriega\'s claim under the Geneva Conventions that Noriega should be returned to Panama because he was held in the U.S. as a prisoner of war.       Noriega\'s lawyer Frank Rubino is likely to appeal the decision. "I can assure this court and everyone else: You haven\'t heard the end of this," he said.       Noriega was tried and convicted in the United States after he was captured by U.S. troops who invaded Panama in 1989 in part to oust him from power.       U.S. Magistrate Judge William Turnoff\'s ruling Tuesday was technically a recommendation to the State Department for Noriega\'s extradition to France, which has assured the U.S. through diplomatic channels that Noriega will be held there as a POW once extradited.       The ruling was based in part on the decision last week by Senior U.S. District Judge William Hoeveler. Hoeveler originally declared Noriega a POW, but he ruled Friday that the designation does not make Noriega immune from extradition to foreign countries for other crimes.       Noriega contends that under the Geneva Conventions, a POW must be returned home after hostilities have ceased - in his case, more than 20 years ago. But federal prosecutors say POWs that have pending criminal charges must face them, or be sent to a third country that has a legitimate extradition treaty with the U.S., such as France.       "The rights asserted by General Noriega simply do not exist under the Geneva Conventions," Turnoff said Tuesday.       Noriega was convicted in France on the money laundering charges while he was jailed in the U.S., but the French government agreed to a new trial if he was extradited, according to court documents.       Noriega also was convicted in absentia in Panama on charges of embezzlement, corruption and murdering political opponents and sentenced to 60 years, but he could wind up serving only a fraction of that time or even get house arrest under Panamanian law.       Panama has filed an extradition request but has not actively pursued it, Hoeveler said in his ruling. From NPR reports and The Associated Press\' != \'Good morning, we\'re looking at some of these early stories: Prosecution\'s Choice Of Charge Complicates Case Against Zimmerman. Troops And Tanks Remain, But Truce Begins In Syria. Suspect In USS Cole Bombing Wins One Legal Battle.  No Injuries Reported In Second West Mexico Quake. (Reuters) Jury Selection Set To Begin In John Edwards Trial. (AP) Death Penalty Repeal Goes To Connecticut Governor. (New York Times) News Of The World British Phone-Hacking Cases Launched In US. (BBC) Exiled, Beloved Cuban Auxiliary Bishop Agustin Roman Dies In Miami At 83. (Miami Herald) Serb Police Find Painting Believed Stolen Cezanne. (CBS) Axl Rose Will Not Attend Guns N\' Roses\' Rock And Roll Hall Induction Ceremony. (Rolling Stone)\'', "Hank Shocklee: 'We Had Something to Prove'"]' == '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'People often refer to the multi-layered, cacophonous style of Public Enemy\'s production team the Bomb Squad as a "wall of noise" — similar to Phil Spector\'s "Wall of Sound" — but to let Squad member Hank Shocklee tell it, their sample-heavy approach was less like Spector\'s and more akin to a particular collage-based visual artist\'s: "I had a ridiculous record collection. And I wanted to prove that it was the records that inspired me. Because ... I understand scales and musical arrangements and that stuff but I didn\'t have — I was not a player. I\'m not going to pick up a bass or a guitar or keys and I\'m going to, you know, put some virtuoso stuff down. That\'s not going to happen. But what I do have is a turntable and records. And so I just want to create this collage, almost like a Romare Bearden kind of a painting." Shocklee — alongside his brother, Keith, P.E. front man Chuck D and Eric "Vietnam" Sadler — was an architect of Public Enemy\'s distinct, attention-grabbing sound, and helped sampling evolve into an art form unto itself. Racking up production credits for a diverse list of collaborators that ranged from Ice Cube to Bell Biv Devoe, the Bomb Squad was an inspiration to a generation of influential musicians like Microphone Check\'s own Ali Shaheed Muhammad. At SXSW 2015 in Austin, Texas, Microphone Check spoke with Hank Shocklee about hip-hop\'s underappreciated technical ingenuity and why pop music doesn\'t appeal to him. ALI SHAHEED MUHAMMAD: Hank Shocklee! What up, Hank? HANK SHOCKLEE: I\'m good, man. How you doing? MUHAMMAD: I\'m good. SHOCKLEE: How\'s everybody? FRANNIE KELLEY: Hanging in. SHOCKLEE: Well, yeah. MUHAMMAD: Hanging in? SHOCKLEE: We\'re here at SXSW. MUHAMMAD: What\'s that mean? KELLEY: I\'m tired. MUHAMMAD: Oh yeah. KELLEY: Everybody\'s tired. I met Hank Shocklee out of nowhere like at ten o\'clock two nights ago? Something like that. SHOCKLEE: Yes. Yes. KELLEY: He came up. He was like leaning the fence, "Hi. I am Hank Shocklee. I produced for Public Enemy." And I was like, "I know who you are. What can I give you?" SHOCKLEE: It\'s funny because I have to always preface that. Because what else am I going to say? Because people are like, "Well, who? Yeah, right. Whatever." But yeah. And you helped me out. And I said, "Look." You said, "I want you to come to this show that I\'m doing." And I didn\'t even know that she was doing it with you. MUHAMMAD: Oh word? SHOCKLEE: I thought it was just her, her show. I was like, "Yeah. OK. I\'ll come by." I was going to say a few words on the camera and that\'s it. KELLEY: Well, that\'s nice of you. SHOCKLEE: But then when we found out, I was like, "Ah!" MUHAMMAD: Yeah. KELLEY: The real deal. SHOCKLEE: Yeah. Credible. MUHAMMAD: Happy to have you here, man. SHOCKLEE: Thank you. Appreciate it. KELLEY: Do you remember when you guys first met? Sorry to cut you off. MUHAMMAD: Hm. I don\'t remember -- SHOCKLEE: You know something? None of us remember how we met because at that time, right, it was more of a synergy thing. MUHAMMAD: Yeah. SHOCKLEE: We were kind of like — we flow around so many different people then. MUHAMMAD: Yeah. The same people — we were trying to get in your area of being noticed, really. I mean, but -- SHOCKLEE: Well, I remember that I was working with the Jungle Brothers. And I was trying to secure them a deal at Warner Brothers. And so I knew Afrika and then I got to Chris through there. And Chris gave me the tape of you guys when you guys were first starting out. And it was the most amazing stuff I\'ve ever heard. And I think there was like five songs on there. MUHAMMAD: That\'s a great memory. SHOCKLEE: But c\'mon. That\'s something you can\'t forget because it was cassette, you know? And I remember when I listened to it, it had — I can\'t remember all the songs but I know "Left My Wallet" was on there. MUHAMMAD: Yup. KELLEY: And "Bonita." MUHAMMAD: And "Bonita." SHOCKLEE: Yeah. Yeah. That\'s right. And that tape, I listened to that; I was amazed. I said, "Let me get this to Russell." Because, you know, I figured, well, maybe I get it to Russell I can produce it. Or help produce it. Or do a song. Whatever, you know? But the songs were already tight. And I took it to Russell and he was like, "Nah. They not rapping hard enough." And I was like, "Are you kidding me?" But then, that\'s when I knew that, you know, he\'s Uncle Russ. We love him and everything else. But that\'s when I knew that he — that\'s when I knew it was going to be a hit. MUHAMMAD: Interesting. Really? SHOCKLEE: Yeah. KELLEY: How do you mean? SHOCKLEE: Well, because I used to look at Russell and Rick and I used to play them off of each other. It\'s like, I\'ll take a record to Russell and if Russell hated it, it was a smash. Everybody in the streets would love it. But if he liked it, that meant I had to go back in the studio and work on it. KELLEY: You had a similar thing with Lyor? MUHAMMAD: Yeah. Lyor would ask me about certain groups and if it was stuff I liked or loved, he\'d be like, "Ah,']' != '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Stories: 1) For-Profit Colleges: Targeting People Who Can't Pay 2) Iggy Pop: A Punk Rocker Devoted To Imperfection"]'

Question: A Remote Town, A Closed-Off Courtroom, And A Father Facing Deportation

This story is part of NPR's podcast Embedded, which digs deep into the stories behind the news. Inside a Newton County, Ga., superior-court room, Shawn stood before a judge ready to enter a guilty plea. A year earlier, police had found him with 4 ounces of marijuana, two digital scales and plastic baggies at his family home near Atlanta. His lawyer negotiated the deal to avoid the 10-year sentence Shawn could face if his case went to trial. During the 2012 hearing, the judge fired off 47 questions to Shawn in quick succession. No. 38 was this: "And do you understand that this court ... is not dealing with your immigration status, but that entering a guilty plea could affect your immigration status?" Shawn says the question surprised him — to his memory, immigration had not come up before. But court transcripts show he told the judge, "Yes." This kind of confusion is common, which is why judges and lawyers now are encouraged to use explicit language, such as, "You could be deported." Later in the hearing, Shawn's lawyer appealed to the judge for a more lenient sentence for his client: "He's married; his wife is here. ... He works full time, gainfully employed as a tree cutter. ... So I want to impress upon the court that he's doing what he's supposed to do, and that he otherwise — you know, this incident hopefully doesn't define his life." But that's exactly what would happen. Shawn, 40, served 17 months for possession with intent to distribute marijuana. Two years after he was released, he showed up for a monthly check-in with his probation officer, and immigration officials were there waiting. His crime also had violated his immigration status. Shawn should have been transferred directly into the custody of Immigration and Customs Enforcement after his prison sentence ended, but sometimes mistakes are made. According to Georgia prison officials, that's most likely what happened to Shawn. When convicted of crimes, noncitizens — even those like Shawn who entered the U.S. legally — face repercussions in two justice systems. First they serve a criminal sentence; then, if the crime is serious enough, they're put in deportation proceedings. The rules are much different in this separate system of justice, and there are fewer protections for defendants — known here as respondents. On average, 60 percent of immigrants successfully avoid deportation, but in some courts it's less than 5 percent. It's hard to know why the rates vary, because unlike criminal courts, records of immigration court proceedings are not readily accessible to the public. This January, I traveled to an immigration court in Lumpkin, Ga., where more than 97 percent of immigrants lose their cases, according to an analysis from Syracuse University. Shawn was being held there pending a hearing where an immigration judge would determine whether he would be allowed to stay in the United States. The Obama administration's immigration agenda prioritizes deporting "felons, not families." But in Lumpkin, I saw that distinction can be hard to draw. Shawn came to the U.S. as a legal permanent resident from Guyana, in South America, 30 years ago, when he was 10 years old. He asked to be identified for this story only by his first name and his family members by their middle names to protect his children and his wife's employment status. He grew up in New York City, in a Guyanese neighborhood where it seemed everyone was related — even those who weren't called each other "cousin" or "auntie." In his 20s, Shawn faced two other criminal charges for misdemeanor possession of pot, but his green card was unaffected. He also had two children with different mothers. Then, in 2006, he married Marie, a U.S. citizen who is also of Guyanese descent. They and a dozen other extended family members moved to Georgia to settle down and escape hectic city life. Marie and Shawn had a son. Shawn says he smoked weed recreationally throughout his life, but never sold it. The scale, he said, he purchased because the high-grade marijuana he smoked was expensive. He liked to weigh out exactly what he needed to relax at the end of the day, without overdoing it. Marie didn't have a problem with Shawn's smoking. "It was like the glass of wine I have at the end of the day," she told me. But when Shawn was arrested in 2011, Marie gave him an ultimatum: If he got into trouble again, she'd leave. Shawn says he took it seriously. He got steady work with a tree-cutting company and stopped smoking marijuana. A System 'Set Up To Fail' At 4 a.m., on the day of Shawn's final hearing before an immigration judge, I met his defense lawyer, Julio Moreno, at his Atlanta office. Immigrant respondents do not have the right to free lawyers, but those who are represented are as much as 14 times more likely to win their cases, according to the Syracuse University research. We climbed into Moreno's navy blue Toyota 4Runner and drove three hours south toward Lumpkin. On the way, we talked about the differen

Stories: 1) Reporter Explores America's Unique Take on Justice 2) Growing Up In a Surfer Family, Wipeouts and All


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Question: Private Meetings With Iranians Give Veteran Diplomat Hope

One of the United States' most experienced diplomats says he's come away from behind-the-scenes conversations with Iranian officials this week thinking "it is possible to come to accommodations" with new President Hassan Rouhani and his aides on key issues such as Iran's nuclear ambitions. "You make peace with your adversaries, not with your friends," Ryan Crocker tells Morning Edition host Steve Inskeep in a conversation broadcast Thursday. While Iran is an adversary, Crocker says, it seems possible now that its relations with the U.S. will improve. Crocker, a former ambassador to Iraq and Afghanistan in Republican and Democratic administrations, is now dean at Texas A&M's George Bush School of Government & Public Service. He was among Americans invited to meet with Iranian officials this week at the United Nations. What he heard, Crocker says, is that the new Iranian leadership is convinced that the U.S. and Iran "over the last half a dozen years have been playing into lose-lose scenarios, and both Iran and the United States are the worse for it. We need a new track." Rouhani this week told Washington Post columnist David Ignatius that he wants to wrap up negotiations with the U.S. and other nations about Iran's nuclear program within the next three to six months. Crocker says that's what he was told by Iranian officials in his conversations, as well. What Crocker says he also found interesting is that the Iranian leadership believes the negotiations should focus less on how many centrifuges Iran has and more on how much it's allowed to enrich uranium. In other words, the Iranians want to be able to have as many centrifuges as they think necessary and in exchange, says Crocker, the Iranians say they are willing to abide by "international norms" regarding enrichment of uranium. In theory, they would only enrich uranium to levels useful for peaceful purposes, not for weapons. When President Obama and Rouhani were both in New York City on Tuesday, there was speculation they might cross paths. Crocker says he was told by Iranian officials that "both sides had agreed" that such a meeting would happen. But later, Iranians told him, both sides "decided it would be better to put it off" because there hadn't been time "for anything of substance to transpire." Rouhani is also getting attention this week for saying on CNN that the Holocaust did indeed happen. Also on Morning Edition Thursday: Former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright talked about the crisis in Syria.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No Closer To DACA Deal, Republicans Push Plan B To Keep Government Open. -- Ex-CIA Officer Arrested On Suspicion Of Exposing U.S. Spy Network In China. -- Majority Of National Park Service Board Resigns Citing Administration Indifference. -- Opioid Crisis Blamed For Sharp Increase In Accidental Deaths In U.S. -- Bright Light, Sonic Boom As Likely Meteor Streaks Across Southern Michigan. And here are more early headlines: Winter Storm Warnings, Advisories Across U.S. East. (NWS) Stop-Gap Spending Bill Imperiled By Conservative GOP, Democrats. (AP) In Vancouver Meeting, Korean War Allies Discuss North Korea. (Los Angeles Times) Bob Dole To Be Awarded Congressional Gold Medal. (Politico) Waiting For "The Fakeys": Will Trump's Fake News Awards Event Happen? (Reuters)


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Question: The News Roundup — Domestic

Many Texans are still without power and water after a huge winter storm devastated the region. The Texas Tribune reported that at least 12 million people faced water disruption and hundreds of thousands were still without power as of Thursday. We talked to one of them earlier this week.
We’re speaking with Rachel. She’s a 1A listener in Austin whose family, including her four-month-old, went three days without power. “We called the energy company and they told us they couldn’t tell us when we’d get our power back,” she says. — 1A (@1a) February 18, 2021  Amidst this crisis in his home state, Republican Sen. Ted Cruz was widely criticized for a family vacation he took to Mexico. He flew back to the U.S. on Thursday. By the end of July, any American who wants a COVID-19 vaccine will be able to get one, according to President Joe Biden. Plus, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo is under fire after news broke that his administration is under investigation by the U.S. attorney’s office in Brooklyn and the FBI due to his staff’s handling of data concerning COVID-19 deaths in nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. And conservative radio host Rush Limbaugh died at 70.
He infused his show with racism and misogyny, wrapping both in jokes and satire so he could claim that critics were taking him too seriously. But it was a consistent feature of his show for decades. — Nicole Hemmer (@pastpunditry) February 17, 2021  We get to all those stories and much more during this conversation about national news.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Reporter's Notebook: Puerto Ricans Living In The Center Of The COVID-19 Outbreak

The Puerto Rican population living in the United States is largely concentrated in New York, New Jersey, and Florida — all of which are regions hit hard by the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. An investigation by the Puerto Rico-based Center for Investigative Journalism (or CPI in Spanish) found that stateside Puerto Rican communities live in areas that are at the highest risk of infection and death by COVID-19, a vulnerable position only compounded by factors such as poverty, high unemployment rates, English-language barriers, and lack of health care and insurance. On this episode of Latino USA, CPI reporters Vanessa Colón Almenas and Coral Murphy break down their findings.

Good morning, here are our early headlines: -- 'Serious Failings' By Russia In Deadly Beslan School Siege, European Court Says. -- First African-American Female Judge On New York's Top Court Found Dead. And here are more early headlines: Trump Reverses, Won't Label China A Currency Manipulator. (BBC) Suspect In Death Of Border Patrol Agent Is Arrested. (AZCentral) Lansing Rescinds Decision to Become "Sanctuary City". (MLive.com) Florida In State Of Emergency As Dozens Of Fires Burn. (Weather.com) Dallas Acts To Avoid Another Hack Of City Disaster Sirens. (KERA) Kansas Officials Get Guilty Plea In A Voter Fraud Case. (KCUR) Continuing Venezuelan Protests Leave 4 Dead, Including Boy. (Time) U.N. Warns Hundreds Of Thousands In Flood Danger In Peru. (UNICEF) Cyclone Hits New Zealand, Still Recovering From Last Storm. (RNZ)


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Question: Boston Red Sox Busted For Using Smart Watch To Steal Signs From Yankees

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The Red Sox were recently busted for using cameras and a smart watch to steal signs from the Yankees during a game. NPR's Robert Siegel speaks with Michael Schmidt of The New York Times who broke the story.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Supreme Court Expected To Issue Historic Rulings On Gay Marriage. -- Archbishop Prays For 'Peaceful, Perfect End' for Nelson Mandela. -- Clock Runs Out On Controversial Texas Abortion Bill. And here are more early headlines: Obama Headed For Africa To Discuss Food Security, Investments. (CNN) Democrat Ed Markey Wins Special Election For Mass. Senate Seat. (WBUR) Former Fugitive, Trader Marc Rich Dies In Switzerland. (Bloomberg) Australian P.M.Gillard Loses Party Leadership Post, Will Quit Politics. (Australian Broadcasting Network) Google To Publish Malware, Phishing Scam Info To Reveal Global Problem. (Washington Post) Mother Sues Energy Drink Maker Over Son's Fatal Heart Attack. (AP) Yankees Official Uses Expletive Over A-Rod's Tweet About Rehab Progress. (ESPN)


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Question: Anheuser-Busch To Buy Goose Island Brewery

On Monday, Anheuser-Busch InBev announced it's buying Chicago craft beer maker Goose Island for $29 million. Goose Island makes 312 beer, a favorite of Barack Obama.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Trump Weighs Firing Mueller, According To Confidante. -- Dennis Rodman Says He's On 'Mission' To North Korea. -- Golden State Takes 2nd NBA Title In 3 Years. And here are more early headlines: Trump To Visit Milwaukee To Discuss Nation's Labor Needs. (Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel) May Urged To Include Opposition In U.K. Brexit Negotiations. (Guardian) Food Poisoning In Iraqi Camp For Fleeing Mosul Residents. (BBC) Hundreds Of Filipinos May Be Trapped Inside City Besieged By Militants. (ABConline) Tropical Storm Calvin Now A Depression Off Mexico's Pacific Coast. (NHC) Heavy Rain Triggers Deadly Mudslides In Bangladesh. (Reuters) Kids' Clothier, Gymboree Files For Bankruptcy Protection. (CNBC) Willie Nelson's Farm Aid Concert Set For September. (Rolling Stone)


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Question: 'Drop By Drop': How Poetry Helped The U.S. Military In Afghanistan

From the Rough Translation podcast, the story of an Air Force captain who seemed to hold the key to turning around the Afghan war, and why everything went wrong.

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Stories: 1) Paul Greenberg: The Future Of 'Wild Fish' 2) Two Ladies: Are You Team Bella, Or Team Lisbeth? 3) Seventeen Years Later, The Blue Shadows Reach U.S.


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Given ['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "Canadian PM Trudeau Says Rail Barricades 'Must Come Down', Doesn't Say How"] it matches with ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau says that the barricades that have blocked railways in the country for two weeks must come down, calling the situation "unacceptable and untenable." Indigenous and environmental protesters have blocked key railways, shutting rail traffic in much of the country. Protesters are trying to stop the 416-mile, $4.68 billion Coastal GasLink pipeline project in British Columbia, which is being built through the lands of the Wet\'suwet\'en First Nations people. After police removed Wet\'suwet\'en protesters from the path of the natural gas pipeline, opponents shifted to blocking railway lines as a way of bringing the issue to national attention. Protesters have erected blockades in British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec in solidarity with the Wet\'suwet\'en people. In a news conference Friday afternoon, Trudeau spoke at length about the need for the barricades to be removed, but he offered no specifics about steps the government would take to make that happen. "The leadership within these indigenous communities will find a way to bring down these barricades peacefully, but as a federal government, we have exhausted our capacity to engage in a positive, substantive active way, at our initiative, to resolve this," he said. "The onus has now shifted to onto indigenous leadership to look to continue this path of reconciliation in this difficult situation." Molly Wickham, spokesperson for the Wet\'suwet\'en protesters, told NPR they won\'t back down until the pipeline is halted: "The federal government and the province both have a responsibility to acknowledge that the Wet\'suwet\'en have never ceded, surrendered or extinguished our title to our lands. And we have full jurisdiction and authorization to make decisions on our territory." Among the requests by Wet\'suwet\'en hereditary leadership is that the Royal Canadian Mounted Police remove its temporary command post on Wet\'suwet\'en land, which the RCMP has agreed to do. Trudeau indicated what the police should do: "The responsibility of law enforcement in this country is to keep the peace and ensure that laws are enforced — and indeed to enforce those laws. How they do that, and when they do that is part of their responsibility and their professionalism." The Canadian National Railway has laid off 450 people temporarily due to the blockage, while the Via Rail passenger service has laid off about 1,000, Reuters reports. The barricades have caused shortages in propane for heating livestock barns and slowed deliveries of grain. Containers have been piling up at Canada\'s largest ports and some 50 ships are waiting to unload in Vancouver, according to The Associated Press. Conservatives have called on Trudeau to clear the blockages, but he has been insistent on resolving the problem peacefully. "My message is that injunctions must be obeyed, barricades must come down, but we must look to see this happen peacefully," he said. "We must look to be able to continue on this path of reconciliation that is not and will never be easy. But that requires a partnership and a trust that needs to be built on positive actions."'] but not with ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Trump to Detail Tougher Line On Iran\'s Nuclear Program. -- 31 Killed In Deadliest Week For Wildfires In California\'s History. -- Trump Administration To End Obamacare Subsidies For The Poor. -- Poll: Majorities Of Both Parties Favor Increased Gun Restrictions.  -- \'The Taliban Can\'t Win\', Says Commander Of U.S. Forces In Afghanistan. And here are more early headlines: Speaker Ryan Heads To Puerto Rico, Says Island Needs Aid. (The Hill) Next Year\'s Social Security Increase To Be Announced Today. (AP) Small Quake In North Korea Suggests Instability At Nuke Test Site.  (Reuters) Regulator Warns Slides On Some Airbus Jets May Be Faulty. (Bloomberg) Man In Police Car Chase Had That On "Bucket List". (KCCI)']

Question: Beethoven Sonata Series

Pierre-Laurent Aimard, is at the keyboard for Beethoven's playful Piano Sonata no. 10 in G Major, at the Schwetzingen Festival in Germany.

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A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: Uninsured Coloradans: Study Shows Impact on Children

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A new study confirms that children in Colorado without health insurance are more likely to become seriously ill, and even die, than children who are insured. Dr. Jim Todd, one of two Children???s Hospital physicians who conducted the research, discusses the findings with Ryan Warner.

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State Finances in the Black at $3.1 Billion. More Californians Traveling Abroad for Essential Surgeries. End Music.


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

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Syria is forced on the defensive after Turkish troops invade the north. And the U.S. is making plans for an open-ended military presence in the country. Vice President Mike Pence traveled to the Middle East and promised to open the U.S. embassy to Israel in Jerusalem next year. And the White House sent a large contingent with the president to the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.
Amazing views of Marine One over the mountains in Switzerland. #WEF18 #POTUSinDAVOS pic.twitter.com/N3e5KGJAMU — Sarah Sanders (@PressSec) January 25, 2018   We get the big picture in the International News Roundup. GUESTS Edward Luce, Chief U.S. columnist and commentator, Financial Times; his latest book is “The Retreat of Western Liberalism”; @EdwardGLuce Indira Lakshmanan, Chair in journalism ethics at the Poynter Institute; columnist for The Boston Globe; @Indira_L Nick Schifrin, Special correspondent, PBS NewsHour; @nickschifrin For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: Subprime Debacle Bigger Than Expected

A report by Goldman Sachs says Wall Street's top-tier investment banks will report bigger-than-expected write-downs on their subprime mortgage investments. Three banks will account for losses totaling more than $33 billion. Citigroup alone will acknowledge nearly $19 billion.

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Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Baseball Not Cooling Off With The Weather

Baseball's post-season is here, and it's getting warmer at the ballparks with some smokin' pitching. And I've heard of cold duck, but what's all this about hot ducks in Oregon? Host Scott Simon talks to NPR Sports correspondent Tom Goldman about the baseball playoffs and college football.

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Stories: 1) Going 'One On One' With Sports' Greatest Stars 2) At Midseason, Serial Dramas Serve Up Big Twists


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Question: 2. Women In Their Beds

Liane speaks with fiction writer, Gina Berriault (BARE-ree-oh). After four decades of writing, Ms. Berriault is finally receiving critical acclaim. This year her collection of short stories, "Women in Their Beds" (Counterpoint Books) captured both the PEN/Faulkner award and the National Book Critics Circle award.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Later This Hour Martin

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Later this hour Martin will be talking to the National Symphony Orchestra's music director Leonard Slatkin about building new audiences while keeping the older ones. Here's Slatkin with his former band, the St. Louis Symphony, performing two pieces from a recording of works by composer Leroy Anderson: "Jazz Pizzicato" and "The Waltzing Cat." (RCA 09026-68048-2)

Uncle Don's Ego; The 500 Million Dollar Man; Alexander Shamilton.


Question: Clinton Pokes Fun at Campaign Reporters

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So one candidate is in a good mood. Hillary Clinton welcomed reporters onboard her campaign plane with a faux flight attendant speech. She began: FAA regulations prohibit the use of any cell phones or wireless devices that may be used to transmit a negative story about me. Ordering the reporters to fasten their seat belts, Clinton continued: In the event of an unexpected drop in poll numbers, this plane will be diverted to New Hampshire. RENEE MONTAGNE, Host:  Good morning. I'm Renee Montagne. FAA: It's MORNING EDITION.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Filmically Perfect   "CREEP SHOW" 1982

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Five jolting tales of horror from the cryptkeepr! (illustrated by Jack Davis)

Interview with DAVID CALOF cont'd.Floating :30 I.D 12:35 and 12:45]


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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Brother, can you spare 700 billion dimes?; The second meeting of the minds; It's not often people say, "Things were calmer when Rosie was around."

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The provided query could be "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth!', 'After myriad delays and setback, health workers in Haiti are beginning to vaccinate against cholera. Today, 50,000 people living in the slums of Port-au-Prince will start to get immunized against the disease. This weekend, another 50,000 villagers in the low rice-growing areas of the Artibonite River valley will get their first doses of an oral cholera vaccine. It\'s a pilot project that will involve only 1 percent of Haiti\'s population. The aim is to show that it\'s possible to give the required two doses over a two-week period to desperately poor and hard-to-reach people. Continue Reading If it works, the plan is to convince the Haitian government, deep-pocketed donors and international health agencies to support a much bigger campaign to vaccinate millions of Haitians at highest risk of cholera. Dr. Paul Farmer of Partners in Health, which is organizing the rural arm of the project, says he\'s already working on that more ambitious goal. "What I would hope for Haiti and for the Congo and other places with cholera," Farmer told Shots, "is that it\'s just a matter of political will and investment to ramp up vaccine production and build a global stockpile." The Indian producer of Shanchol, the vaccine being used in Haiti, makes it only when agencies put in orders. So the pilot project in Haiti, which is using 200,000 doses at a cost of around $400,000, is using up almost all the current world supply of the vaccine. Dr. Jean William Pape, who heads a Haitian group called GHESKIO that\'s doing the Port-au-Prince part of the current campaign, thinks vaccine could blunt the impact of cholera in Haiti in the near term. "If we give this vaccine every three years to the at-risk population, we will see that the curve of those who are infected with cholera will decrease year after year," Pape told NPR. "I think that\'s what we should aim for." It\'s been a long and twisted path toward what vaccination proponents consider an obvious response to one of the biggest cholera epidemics on record. Over the past 18 months, 530,000 Haitians have suffered from the fast-moving disease. Tens of thousands have been hospitalized. More than 7,000 have died. Not until this week did cholera vaccination get the green light from Haiti\'s Ministry of Public Health and Population, after weeks of internal wrangling over the ethics of the project. The health minister, Dr. Florence Duperval Guillaume, approved the project last December. The previous Haitian government opposed cholera vaccination. Insiders say that\'s largely because influential agencies such as the Pan American Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention signaled their opposition. "The general culture around cholera vaccination in public health agencies has been that it\'s not a good idea. It\'s too complicated. It\'s too hard. It\'s costly," says Dr. Louise Ivers of Partners in Health. "That the Haitians can\'t even get measles coverage to be high enough. There\'s a kind of apathy about introducing another vaccine into such a place. "Then there\'s the philosophical notion – an ideological argument that you shouldn\'t be trying to vaccinate against cholera when really the solution is water and sanitation," Ivers said in an interview. Vaccine advocates agree, but say cholera won\'t wait for improvements in water and sanitation. Eight million Haitians lack potable water or proper sanitation, says GHESKIO\'s Pape. "So what are you going to do?" he asks. "In the best conditions, with the best government, it\'s not going to be done in five years. So you need this vaccine." Over the past half-year, PAHO and the CDC have changed their stance to "cautious approval," as one of the involved parties puts it. Dr. John Vertefeuille, the CDC\'s country director in Haiti, told NPR that the vaccination pilot project " will provide an important piece of information around the feasibility and acceptability of the vaccine." He pointed out that "cholera vaccine\'s never been used in an ongoing outbreak situation with cholera." Vertefeuille added that CDC\'s focus remains on improving water, sanitation, people\'s hygiene practices and medical services to care for cholera victims. Another important development was the World Health Organization\'s approval of the Shanchol vaccine last November as safe and effective. Shanchol is cheaper than the other cholera vaccine, called Dukoral, and it\'s easier to administer. But changing attitudes at the international level didn\'t mean smooth sailing for the project within Haiti. In early March, a Haitian radio station raised ethical questions about the project, charging that it was an "experiment" on the Haitian people that had not won approval by a national ethics committee. That report apparently reflected charges made by a website that Haitians were to be used "as guinea pigs in a cholera vaccine trial." The broadcast caught Haitian health officials by surprise. It also awakened the interest of the ethics panel, which had not yet acted upon a pro']" and the positive "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth:', 'Vaccination Against Cholera Finally Begins In Haiti']"

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.