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Question: John Bolton Levels Historic Charges At Trump. A Wary Washington Isn't Jumping

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Updated at 1:45 a.m. ET Friday The picnic that is political life in Washington seldom encounters a skunk of the magnitude of John Bolton. He was a centerpiece of the establishment, and now President Trump and Republicans have rejected him as a turncoat. Democrats, never fond of his worldview, now despise him as never before. Bolton's unique ability to be hated by everyone for different reasons means that all those involved with reacting to his explosive new memoir aren't behaving as they might have if someone else were involved or circumstances were different. The former national security adviser has leveled a series of what otherwise might be earthshaking allegations against his former boss in his book The Room Where It Happened. Trump does favors for foreign potentates because he wants help with his reelection, Bolton says; he gave his blessing to some of the worst human rights abuses of the modern era, according to the book; Trump knows almost nothing about even the basics of dealing with foreign nations, Bolton alleges. And so on. The president denies it all and calls Bolton disgruntled after a policy break with him and the administration. "He's a liar," Trump told The Wall Street Journal. He's "a traitor," added Secretary of State Mike Pompeo in a statement Thursday night. "We'll make a judgment" Some of Bolton's assertions, however, are ostensibly verifiable. Will Democrats spring into action with hearings in which they compel Bolton to say it all under oath? Will they demand to hear from the other administration figures he quotes in his book? Will they fight Trump in court to access the transcripts, notes, emails and other materials that might substantiate his claims? The response so far boils down to: Ehhh ... maybe. "We'll make a judgment," House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said Thursday. She reiterated her junior colleagues' promises to confer about what action to take about Bolton, but she did not open her press conference by discussing him or volunteer any position until asked by a reporter. "We'll be discussing how the American people are best served by oversight," Pelosi said. For Republicans, Bolton has sunk from being a top luminary on foreign policy and national security to a spinner of falsehoods interested only in his book royalties. "It disappoints me," said House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif. "Money drives a lot of people to say a lot of things." House Democrats' campaign arm pointed out how abruptly Bolton's book has prompted the GOP to change its tune on him despite the years he spent as a trusted counselor to presidents and a respected commentator. "John Bolton's tell-all book is just another reminder that Washington Republicans will always put their allegiance to their president and their political party ahead of the working Americans they were elected to serve," said Robyn Patterson, spokeswoman for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. A failed attempt to force testimony Pelosi and House Democrats impeached Trump over the Ukraine affair, to which Bolton now openly acknowledges being a close witness. Bolton resisted taking part then, and Democrats calculated that they shouldn't wait for a legal fight over whether to compel him to tell his story publicly. It would have taken too long, they feared. So Democrats withdrew a lawsuit that might have yielded Bolton's testimony and that of a deputy, and went ahead with impeachment based on the evidence and other witnesses then in hand. Pelosi said Thursday that she had "no regrets" about what transpired and that blaming Democrats for Bolton's absence before Congress was "a con." Republicans closed ranks to protect Trump earlier this year. They used their majority in the Senate to keep from having to hear, on the record, Bolton's accounts about Trump's actions and deal-making. Senate Republicans said it wasn't their job to come up with evidence in the impeachment, only to assess what had been developed by the House. Bolton said he would have testified if subpoenaed by the Senate — knowing the slim odds Republicans would authorize that. Republicans acquitted Trump of the articles of impeachment and permitted him to keep his office — then the coronavirus disaster changed life in the United States drastically. The focus around the nation and in Washington shifted, too. A different world So much appears to have changed — about both everyday life and politics — that Bolton's allegations are notable for the splash they aren't making in Washington. Where was House Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y., one of the drivers behind the impeachment effort? On Wednesday, when the accounts began to appear about Bolton's allegations, Nadler was presiding over a markup on police reform legislation, part of the Democrats' response to the protests following the death of George Floyd at the hands of police. Their agenda has changed since the last controversy in Washington over Bolton. Many in the party, in short, may have


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Question: Questions From Small Business Owners On Accessing Federal Support

An NPR economics correspondent answers questions about what small business owners can do to access resources from the government during the coronavirus pandemic.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Bach Brandenburg Concerto

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John Gibbons is the harpsichord soloist, with flutist Tara Helen O'Connor and violinist Joseph Silverstein. Together with the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center, they play the Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 by Bach.

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A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Provided: ['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth.', "From Campbell's To Kellogg's, Classic Brands Are Feeling The Crunch"] Match: ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Think about the last time you went to the supermarket. You probably spent no more than a few seconds choosing from all the different brands of toothpaste, frozen peas or oatmeal. Those few seconds used to be the holy grail for brands, the moment you would get hooked forever on that Tide detergent or Heinz ketchup — an event referred to as "the first moment of truth." But lately, the moment of truth has moved to the Internet. What\'s more, ripples from the 2008 recession have changed us as shoppers.  More and more people have started saying: "I\'m not a brand person." Those five fateful words come from Juliet McFadden, 23, an office manager in Boston. For consumer brands used to owning American cupboards and closets, that sentiment spells trouble and signals a turning point: evolve or wither.  It has been a tumultuous period for giant consumer brand companies. Campbell Soup Co. is in the process of selling off parts of its business and welcoming a new chief executive. Procter & Gamble is restructuring. Unilever, which makes Dove soap and Hellmann\'s mayonnaise, has also hired a new CEO.  As far back as 2015, research firm Catalina reported that 90 of the top 100 brands in consumer packaged goods had lost market share.  To understand that trend, consider a shopper like McFadden. She is just starting to build her finances and lifelong shopping habits. This makes her a prime target for consumer-goods companies like Procter & Gamble, Kraft Heinz or General Mills. But she\'s not easy to win over.  For example, McFadden doesn\'t like cereal. "I just don\'t usually eat breakfast," she says. She doesn\'t drink soda and dislikes yogurts "with a ton of sugar with them." She doesn\'t buy paper towels and prefers reusable washable rags. "Paper towels are expensive," she says. "Stuff like that adds up." The tastes of McFadden\'s generation often get treated with the tired trope about millennials killing breakfast cereal, napkins, bar soap, canned tuna. But really, most Americans could make a similar list. Maybe you choose the store brand of toilet paper; or you buy a fancier condiment instead of Hellmann\'s mayo; or you order eco-friendly diapers on the Internet. "Rather than just relying on brand familiarity, consumers buy today what performs for them. They are much less brand-loyal," says David Luttenberger of market-research firm Mintel. "They are more driven by performance, by convenience, by price." During the Great Recession, Americans warmed up to cheaper off-brand products, like generic or store brands. And then, they kept buying them even as the economy improved.  Plus, the Internet — of course — has completely shaken up shopping.  Think about how people used to discover new brands. Only the biggest conglomerates could afford prime TV advertising and prominent placement in stores, right around eye level.  And so the baby boomer generation of shoppers grew up reaching for ubiquitous products like Campbell\'s soup, Heinz ketchup, Oscar Mayer hot dogs or P&G\'s Crest toothpaste.  Some of these names remain longtime favorites among loyal older shoppers. In a 2018 Morning Consult poll, Procter & Gamble and Kimberly-Clark were the two top brands preferred by boomers, far more than U.S. adults overall.  Meanwhile, tech investors have been funding startups to bring Silicon Valley "disruption" to products such as toothbrushes, vitamins and tampons. Wall Street has become cautious about once-dominant consumer brands. Shares of companies like Kellogg, Kraft Heinz and General Mills recently hit their lowest levels in years.  "They\'re in a bit of a pickle," says Americus Reed, marketing professor at the University of Pennsylvania\'s Wharton School. "Like in the music industry, very few artists can continue being successful in the sophomore and junior album, right? ... It is a big challenge to reinvent yourself over and over again." But that\'s exactly what companies are trying to do with brands to survive. In 2017, Procter & Gamble cut the price of its razors and replacement blades to compete against online-subscription upstarts Dollar Shave Club and Harry\'s. Rival Unilever went all in and bought the Dollar Shave Club for $1 billion. Kimberly-Clark — whose brands include Kleenex, Huggies and Kotex —  was struggling so much that it announced plans to lay off 13 percent of its workers and shutter 10 plants. Among various brand revamps, the company has launched a new Scott toilet paper without the center tube to appeal to the environmentally conscious shopper.  General Mills renamed the classic Hamburger Helper as simply "Helper." In a quiet feat, Kraft Heinz managed to take out artificial preservatives and dyes from its classic macaroni and cheese without angering devotees. The 149-year-old Campbell Soup Co. has been the poster child of the struggle to adjust to an age where people want convenient, fresher products with ingredients they can pronounce.  Canonized by Andy Warhol in the heat-and-serve postwar era, Campbell is acutely feeling A'] Hard Negative: ['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr:\n\nTo give you a sense - "Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Gretchen Morgenson discusses the unprecedented collapse of Merrill Lynch, America\'s most famous brokerage house. Morgenson is the assistant business and financial editor of The New York Times. Her article "How the Thundering Herd Faltered and Fell" appeared in the Times on Nov. 8. TERRY GROSS, host:  This is Fresh Air. I\'m Terry Gross. In our continuing attempt to understand what\'s going wrong with our economy, we invited back Gretchen Morgenson, a Pulitzer Prize-winning financial reporter and columnist for the New York Times. Last Sunday, she wrote an article that was a good case study on how mortgage foreclosures and mortgage-related securities have transformed Wall Street and led to the downfall of several institutions.   Headlined "How the Thundering Herd Faltered and Fell," her article examined how and why Merrill Lynch invested heavily in the mortgage industry and packaged mortgages into complex derivatives that were sold to investors. Merrill\'s performance was breathtaking until the housing market collapsed, and the derivatives became toxic. Merrill shares plummeted, and they were taken over by Bank of America in September.   Gretchen Morgenson, welcome back to Fresh Air. What did Merrill Lynch once stand for on Wall Street?  Ms. GRETCHEN MORGENSON (Journalist, New York Times): Merrill Lynch was, I think, the most iconic brokerage firm in that it dealt with the individual. It really was kind of the connection of Main Street and Wall Street. So you have a firm that was really known for its kind of individual investor care and individual investor advice, and that really was, I think, what Merrill Lynch was best known for.  GROSS: Its downfall was investing heavily in the mortgage industry, particularly in risky mortgages and derivatives. How did it start heading in that direction?  Ms. MORGENSON: Well, what happened was, Merrill Lynch executives saw that a lot of money was being made elsewhere on Wall Street and, you know, on Main Street for that matter among mortgage lenders. And Merrill saw these profits and really was envious of them, wanted to participate, saw it as a way to kind of overcome their rivals in a way that they had not yet been able to do.   In fact, there was a real fixation at the firm on Lehman Brothers, who was a very big fixture in mortgages and had set up an organization that really it was able to capitalize and profit in every step of the mortgage origination, packaging, and selling industry that had grown up. So, Merrill saw that, at Lehman, saw the immense profits that were being made and said, I want some of that. And so they went full steam to be a huge player in the mortgage market.  GROSS: You described Merrill as having created an assembly line that bundled and repackaged mortgages so they could be sold to other investors. What was the process of taking risky loans and repackaging them for investors?  Ms. MORGENSON: This was a process called securitization, which we have heard a lot about in the crisis because it has played a central role in extending the mortgage meltdown and making it as big as it is. Securitization was a process by which you take a pool of loans, and you bundle them together, and they are, of course, of varying risk level, i.e. some of the borrowers have a better financial situation than others. They have different interest payments that are going to be made each month. They are a variety of loans at the variety of aspects, OK.   You pool those together, and you bundle them. You sell pieces of them or slices of them, what is known as tranches of them, to investors. So the highest quality would sell to an investor who didn\'t want to take on too much risk, and then the lowest quality would sell to someone who was willing to kind of, you know, take a chance that the mortgages were actually going to pay off. And that is the securitization process, and that is what really made so much money for Wall Street during the mortgage boom.  GROSS: And these securities were the CDOs, the collateralized debt obligations?  Ms. MORGENSON: These securities included CDOs, which were collateralized debt obligations. They also included residential mortgage-backed securities pools. So there are a couple of different kinds, but the thing that really, really was Merrill\'s biggest mistake was to go so heavily into collateralized debt obligations.  GROSS: What are the advantages that these securities are supposed to have?  Ms. MORGENSON: They are supposed to spread out the risk associated with these loans. They\'re supposed to sort of hand-tailor the risk, i.e. if you\'re a pension fund that can only buy very high-quality securities because you are, you know, worrying about having to pay out on your pensioners\' monthly pension checks, then you would really limit yourself to the high-end portion of the CDO or the best-rated portion.   So it was a way to diversify the risk, a way to sort of almost manage the risk, you know, a way that was very decep" should be close to "Merrill Lynch And The Mortgage Crisis"', "Stories: 1) How 'Italian Food' Became A Global Sensation 2) Cyro Baptista: Sounds From Everywhere, Evoking Home 3) How Western Diets Are Making The World Sick 4) 'We're Broke': Empty Bank Accounts, Empty Meaning?"]

Question: Deficit Numbers Worry Many Lawmakers

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The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office projects that the federal deficit over the next 10 years will be more than $2 trillion higher than President Obama forecast. Republicans and some Democrats see a fiscal calamity on the horizon.

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Question: Remembering Ray Hicks

A man folklorists regarded as the patriarch of American storytelling died Sunday. Ray Hicks was 80 when the cancer he battled for years finally took him. Commentator Bill Harley knew Ray Hicks and has this appreciation.

Stories: 1) Hank Williams' Family Legacy on Display 2) Remembering Wayne Conner


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Question: Beyond The Border: What A Wall Would Do To U.S.-Mexico Relations

The U.S. and Mexico have long enjoyed a strong partnership — though not without tensions. Now, President Trump's alienating rhetoric and promise to build a border wall may drive a wedge between the two countries. This conversation is a collaboration between America Abroad Media and WAMU. Our guests are Doris Meissner, former commissioner of the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), Peter Skerry, professor of political science at Boston College, and José Cárdenas, director of Visión Américas consultancy.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Attack On University In Pakistan Kills At Least 20. -- Fire At Dubai High-Rise Tower Is Blamed On Electrical Issue In Spotlight. And here are more early headlines: Coast Guard Suspends Search Off Hawaii For Missing Marines. (KHON-TV) Portland Demonstrators Tell Armed Group On Federal Land To Go Home. (KOPB) Global Selloff In Asian Markets Continues. (MarketWatch) Report: Kurd Militias Tearing Down Arab Homes In Iraq. (Amnesty International) ISIS Confirms Suspicion That "Jihadi John" Killed. (New York Times) U.S. Official Urges China To Show "Leadership" With North Korea. (Yonhap) Fairy Tales May Be Older Than Some Religions. (Discovery News) To Help Some Farmers, Coconut Trees Aren't Trees Anymore In Indian State. (AP)


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Question: Actress Rita Moreno and Vocalist Marni Nixon

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Moreno won an Oscar for her role as Anita in West Side Story and has been in dozens of films and TV shows. Marni Nixon is the singing voice of Maria (played by Natalie Wood) in West Side Story. She also did voiceovers for Deborah Kerr in An Affair to Remember and Audrey Hepburn in My Fair Lady. More recently, she did voiceover work for the animated film Mulan. This interview first aired October 25, 2001.

Stories: 1) Actor Paul Rudd, Rewriting the Commandments 2) Massacre's 'Lonely Heart,' Claudia Quintet's 'For'


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Question: The Latest On International Elections

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Several key elections are underway, coming up or sharply contested in the heated political climates of Venezuela, Liberia, Kenya and the Catalonian region of Spain.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Arms Control: When Biden Takes Office, Clock Will Be Ticking To Save New START Treaty

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When President-elect Joe Biden is sworn into office next month, he will immediately be faced with the task of saving the last arms control treaty between the United States and Russia. The New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, or New START, is up for renewal on Feb. 5, 2021, just 16 days after Biden's inauguration. The treaty, negotiated when Biden was vice president, caps the number of strategic nuclear arms — the fearful weapons designed to destroy distant targets such as cities, factories and military bases. Even though the threat of a nuclear confrontation has faded since the end of the Cold War, Washington and Moscow still control the world's two largest nuclear arsenals. President George W. Bush, and then President Trump, withdrew from key nuclear arms agreements with Russia. With bilateral relations at their worst in decades, New START survives as the remaining treaty limiting the two countries' nuclear arsenals. Biden has promised to pursue an extension of New START as president, but the incoming administration won't have much time. "I think it's certainly possible, and it's on their radar screen as something that has to be done," says Lynn Rusten, who worked on New START in the Obama administration. "But there's not time for negotiations on anything beyond just a straight extension. You can't start introducing something new that you want to attach or have as a condition." The last-minute scramble is a result of months of fruitless negotiations on New START between the Trump administration and the Kremlin. U.S. negotiators initially demanded that China be included in the talks, then pushed for a short-term extension with a freeze on all nuclear warheads, not just strategic ones. Russian President Vladimir Putin has said he is ready to extend New START without any preconditions. Rusten says Trump was ill-disposed to New START primarily because it had been signed by his predecessor, Barack Obama — even if Trump wasn't opposed to a treaty per se. "My sense is he did have an impulse to have an arms control agreement with Russia. But he really surrounded himself with people who have an ideological antipathy toward diplomacy, toward negotiations on arms control," she says. "The good news is they didn't withdraw from the treaty. And I think the reason they didn't is because the national security interest in this treaty is so strong." One of the key opponents to arms control is Trump's former national security adviser, John Bolton. During Bolton's 17-month tenure, the United States withdrew from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, a landmark agreement signed in 1987 by President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. In the last Bush administration, Bolton helped lead the drive to take the United States out of the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. Bolton considered New START flawed because it covers neither non-strategic nuclear weapons nor a new generation of delivery vehicles. He also wanted to bring China into negotiations on New START — a demand rejected by Beijing because it owns only a fraction of the nuclear weapons that Russia and the United States do. "The problem, of course, was that the United States was putting up conditions that were not acceptable to Russia," says Andrey Baklitskiy, an arms control expert at Moscow's PIR Center think tank. "They wanted a lot of things, some of those which, frankly, were beyond Russia's reach. Russia could not bring the Chinese to the table, even if it wanted to." The negotiations stalled during the presidential campaign and the clock finally ran out on the Trump administration's efforts to reach an agreement before the election. "Probably Russia was just hedging its bets a little bit because it didn't know who would win," says Baklitskiy. After the election, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov described the Trump administration's position on New START as "chaotic" and said its demands were "not serious and unprofessional." The negotiations that led up to the signing of the original New START treaty were "harrowing," Obama's chief negotiator, Rose Gottemoeller, recalls. One year of intense talks with the Russians was followed by another year of consultations with the Senate, which ratified the agreement in 2010. New START's extension of up to five years would not require Senate approval. The treaty was the main trophy of the "reset," the Obama administration's attempt to reboot U.S.-Russian relations after the chill following Bush's withdrawal from the ABM Treaty, the eastward enlargement of NATO and Russia's five-day war in 2008 with its tiny southern neighbor, Georgia. After Obama took office in 2009, he declared on his first trip to Europe that the United States was committed to a world without nuclear weapons. In Moscow, that lofty goal was viewed with suspicion, since the Kremlin's nuclear arsenal is the one thing that puts Russia in the same league as the United States. Yet the Kremlin also wants to avoid a costly arms race like the on

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In China, Obama Touts Visa Deal, Progress On Free-Trade Pact. -- Bombing At Nigerian High School Kills Dozens. -- Will Jeb Bush Run For President? His Brother Says Maybe. -- Study: Detergent Pods Can Harm Children Who Play With Them. And here are more early headlines: Chinese, Japanese Leaders Meet In Ice-Breaking Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Frigid Weather Plunging South Into U.S., Brings Sub-Normal Temps. (USA Today) 3 Astronauts Return Safely From International Space Station. (CBS) Talks Extended Into Monday For Iran's Nuclear Program. (Reuters) Bombings In Afghanistan Kill Afghan Security Officers. (VOA) Survey Finds Regular Gas Prices Down 13 Cents In Last 2 Weeks. (AP)


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Question: From A Concert Recorded

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From a concert recorded in the studios of Swiss Radio in Geneva, Armin Jordan (ar-mah(n) zhor-DAH(N)) conducts the Suisse Romande (swees roh-MAHND) Orchestra in the Symphony No. 4 in C minor by Franz Schubert. (Swiss Radio/European Broadcasting Union)


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Question: Nobel Peace Prize Winner Wangari Matthai

A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize-winning biologist Wangari Matthai. (pre-recorded)

Stories: 1) Veteran Peacemakers O'Malley, Maharaj on Iraq 2) Nuala O'Faolain, Journalist and Author, Dead at 68


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Question: Greece Debt Crisis Deepens; S&P Rates Bonds As Junk

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The Greek debt crisis deepened Tuesday with the Standard & Poor's cutting the rating on that nation's debt to junk-bond level, helping to trigger a sell-off in financial markets. The Dow was down around 150 points at one point but as of around 1 pm it had regained some ground and was off around 138 points. An excerpt from an S&P press release:  We are lowering our ratings on Greece to 'BB+/B' from 'BBB+/A-2' and assigning a negative outlook.   The negative outlook reflects the possibility of a further downgrade if the Greek government's ability to implement its fiscal and structural reform program materially weakens in our view, undermined by domestic political opposition at home or by even weaker economic conditions than we currently assume.  Bloomberg News reports that Greece has earned a dubious first -- this is the first time a eurozone member has had its credit rating reduced to junk bond status since the euro currency's birth. The euro began as an accounting currency in 1999 with paper currency and coins being issued in 2002. The downgrade in Greece's debt load came on the heels of Portugal's debt ratings being lowered as well. The result was a fear that the worsening situation could spread throughout the eurozone. (NPR's Jim Zarolli has a report on All Things Considered Tuesday about the Greece debt downgrade and reaction to it.) Greece has been battered by its debt load which now exceeds the nation's gross domestic product; the debt to GDP ratio was 112 percent at the end of 2009. Greece ran up the nation's debt during the era of easy credit before the credit markets froze up in 2007. For instance, it spent lavishly on the 2006 Olympics. But Greece has also had a large amount of social spending for which it has relied on money from abroad to finance. Read More >> Greece asked and received the other eurozone members for a $60 billion emergency aid package which it has tapped into. The ratings downgrade on the Greek debt will make it significantly more expensive for Greece to finance its debt. It also increases pressure on the Greek government to reduce its budget deficit which will could result in higher unemployment as the country reduces financial support for industries and agriculture. The possibility of such austerities has raised concerns of increasing social unrest in Greece. Chatham House, the British think tank, has a report on the Greek situation which gives fairly wonkish but useful information on how Greek got into its current mess.

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['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'A lot of people come to the music of Volcano Choir - and see concerts like this one - because of the band\'s lead singer, Justin Vernon, an artist better-known for his work as Bon Iver. But Volcano Choir isn\'t a Bon Iver side project. It\'s a completely separate creative force, and the group\'s songs sound like no one else\'s. On the night of this show, recorded live at the 9:30 Club in Washington, D.C., the members of Volcano Choir made magic, sometimes with layered effects in real time on both vocals and electronics, and sometimes with something as simple and beautiful as an acoustic guitar. And just when you think a song has found a groove or a peak, it would build a little more and morph into something new. Volcano Choir has released two very different records. The first, Unmap, came out in 2009 and was an ethereal, mysterious collection of songs. The group\'s latest, Repave, is more song-based and sonically adventurous. Together, they made for a rich, transporting live experience. Hear the band talk about how it pulls off these live shows. Set List  "Tiderays" "Island, IS" "Comrade" "The Valleyinaire" "Keel" "Dancepack" "Blue Ni Ni (The Volcano Schores)" "Alaskans" "Acetate" "Byegone"  Credits Producers: Bob Boilen and Mito Habe-Evans, Robin Hilton; Editor: Becky Harlan; Audio Engineering: Brian Joseph, Kevin Wait; Videographers: Becky Harlan, Gabriella Garcia-Pardo, Christopher Parks; Special Thanks: The 9:30 Club; Executive Producer: Anya Grundmann'] == ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Volcano Choir, Live In Concert']

It's Friday, and here are some of the stories we're watching: Egypt's 'Smooth Military Coup' Protested. Last Suspect In 1995 Sarin Attack Arrested In Tokyo. Forest Boy Is A Hoax, Police Say. Prosecutors Rest Their Case In Sandusky Sex Assaults Trial. (Philadelphia Inquirer) Britain Proposes Expanding Individual Data Tracking, Critics Slam Its Intrusiveness. (Telegraph) Democracy Activist Aung San Suu Kyi Falls Ill Briefly, Resumes European Tour. (Reuters) Spain's Debt Rises Sharply In The First Quarter, Up 30 Percentage Points Since 2008. (Wall Street Journal) International Criminal Court Swears In Gambian Lawyer As Top Prosecutor, First Woman To Hold Position. (CNN) China To Launch First Female Astronaut Into Space Tomorrow. (AP) Tropical Storm Carlotta Poised To Become Hurricane Off Mexico's Pacific Coast. (AP) In Sports: Tiger Tied For Second, Miami Ties Up NBA Finals.


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Question: Trump Campaign Continues To Challenge Wisconsin Election Results

A recount is underway in heavily Democratic parts of Wisconsin at the request of President Trump's campaign. The recount isn't expected to change President-elect Biden's narrow victory in the state.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: New Mix: Steve Earle, Big Thief's Buck Meek, Katy Kirby, More

It's been a year of tragic losses, many in the singer-songwriter world, including John Prine, Mac Davis and Jerry Jeff Walker. Today I'll focus on Justin Townes Earle. Justin struggled with addiction and passed away from an apparent drug overdose on Aug. 20. Justin's father, Steve Earle, has recorded an album of his son's music, and I'll play "Harlem River Blues" from the upcoming record, J.T. Texas songwriters weigh heavily on today's show — in addition to Steve Earle, we hear from Big Thief's Buck Meek and his new record Two Saviors. The song I feature plays off the notion that we can recognize shapes where none were intended to exist, like seeing shapes in clouds. The word for that is pareidolia, which is also the name of Buck's song. Another Texan — and label mate of Buck's — is Katy Kirby and her new song I play called "Traffic!" Three Chicago high school teens make up the band Horsegirl and together they've got a fantastic song called "Ballroom Dance Scene." Miloe, meanwhile, is a teenager from Minneapolis who spent his childhood growing up in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The darkness of Minnesota winters contrasts with his youth, and his new EP Greenhouse aims to bring some sunshine to his current home. And Stone Gossard from Pearl Jam along with singer and songwriter Mason Jennings, have teamed up with producer John Congleton for a sonic adventure they call Painted Shield and their song "Ten Years From Now."  1. Steve Earle: "Harlem River Blues" from J.T. 2. Buck Meek: "Pareidolia" from Two Saviors 3. Horsegirl: "Ballroom Dance Scene" (Single) 4. Painted Shield: "Ten Years From Now" from Painted Shield 5. Miloe: "Change Your Mind" from Greenhouse 6. Katy Kirby: "Traffic!" from Cool Dry Place

Happy Friday the 13th! On this week's New Music Friday, All Song Considered's Robin Hilton speaks with NPR's Ann Powers, Stephen Thompson, Lars Gotrich, and Sidney Madden about the best new releases of the week. Highlights include Wiz Khalifa's long-awaited followup to the 2011 pop-rap breakout Rolling Papers, the calming songs of Luluc, affirmations of love from the Dirty Projectors and more. Featured Albums  Rayland Baxter: Wide Awake Featured Song: "Strange American Dream" Dirty Projectors: Lamp Lit Prose Featured Song: "Right Now" The Ophelias: Almost Featured Song: "Fog" Wiz Khalifa: Rolling Papers 2 Featured Song: "Rolling Papers 2" Luluc: Sculptor Featured Song: "Moon Girl" Amy Shark: Love Monster Featured Song: "All Loved Up" Cowboy Junkies: All That ReckoningFeatured Song: "The Things We Do To Each Other"  Other Notable Releases For July 13: Deaf Heaven: Ordinary Corrupt Human Love, Wet: Still Run, Body/Head: The Switch, Lotic: Power, Jenn Champion: Single Rider, Laurel Halo: Raw Silk Uncut Wood, The Suffers: Everything Here, Valley Queen: Supergiant.


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Question: Uzzle Internet Address

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The PUZZLE INTERNET ADDRESS is puzzle@npr.org.

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The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: Protesters Bring Character(s) to FCC Hearing

Protesters turned up in costume for the Halloween hearing by the FCC on whether it should relax ownership rules to allow national media conglomerates to own more local stations.

Good morning, here are our early stories: As Midwest Slides And Shovels, Mid-Atlantic Prepares For 'Snowquester'. At The Vatican, 'No Rush' To Set Conclave; And Fake Bishop Tries To Get In. And here are more early headlines: Senate Panel Expected To Vote On Brennan's CIA Nomination. (Politico) North Korea Warns It May Cancel Truce With South Korea. (VOA) Malaysia Uses Jets To Hunt Filipino Insurgents. (Reuters) Suspect Questioned In Acid Attack On Bolshoi Ballet Artistic Director. (Los Angeles Times) 12 Charged With Manslaughter In FAMU Drum Major Death. (Miami Herald) In Messy Lawsuit, Martha Stewart To Testify On Who Can Sell Her Products. (AP) Justin Bieber Tweets Regrets, Fans Still Enraged After He Took Stage 2 Hours Late. (MTV)


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Question: Health Care Dollars and Sense

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Dr. Rahul Parikh argues that patients must do their homework and understand the costs of their choices to bring down the costs of health care.

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Stories: 1) The Science Behind Deep-Water Oil Drilling 2) Real Life Documentaries Trump Reality TV Every Day


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Question: New York City Passes Legislation Restricting Growth Of Ride-Hailing Apps

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New York City passed a law Wednesday capping the number of ride-hailing cars from companies such as Lyft and Uber for one year.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Freddie Gray Update: New Speculation On His Death, And Peaceful Protests. -- Just Do It: Obama Tries To Sway Skeptical Democrats On Trade. And here are more early headlines: Obama To Choose Chicago To Host His Presidential Library. (USA Today) Vt. Senator Sanders Declares Bid For Democratic Presidential Nomination. (The Hill) U.S. Navy To Guard American Flagged Ships In Strait Of Hormuz. (Wall Street Journal) House Votes To End D.C. Law Banning Discrimination Against Women Who Have Abortions. (Washington Post) Chilean Volcano Erupts A Third Time. (Guardian) California Cites Sea World For Failing To Protect Workers Who Care For Killer Whales. (U-T San Diego) Tesla Motors Turns To Energy Systems For Homes. (New York Times)


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Stories off the sidewalk

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For several years, StoryCorps booths have allowed ordinary people relate their own stories to be preserved in a huge and growing collection in the Library of Congress.

Old rockers come back for more wild times on the grapevine.


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Question: Letters: Weapons, Morality

A listener disagreed with the characterization of an AR-15, another took issue with a scientist's contention that if morality has a mechanical explanation, it will be hard to argue that people have souls. Michele Norris reads from listeners' letters.

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: The Never-ending Story, Presidential Promises, and Protecting the Passer.


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Question: Despite Bad Traffic, Muscovites Flock to Motorcycles

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For Moscow's consumer class, the latest fashion is motorcycles and scooters. But the Russian capital may be the least "bike friendly" city in the world. The roads are full of potholes, and traffic laws are widely ignored. Motorcycles were once seen as a means of transportation for rural dwellers. But there has been a sudden explosion of motorcycle use in the city, due to growing traffic issues.  And Harley-Davidsons are the must-have motorcycle for the truly wealthy. In Moscow, Harleys cost almost double what they do in the United States.  It's incredibly dangerous to ride motorcycles in the city. The authorities don't keep statistics on the number of accidents taking place involving motorcycles, but the one traffic policeman says there has been an unmistakable spike in injuries and deaths. STEVE INSKEEP, host:  This next story is about driving and has nothing to do with gas prices. It's the way people get through traffic in Moscow. For many months of the year, the roads are icy and driving conditions are always dangerous because of the heavy traffic. Yet, many drivers are turning to motorcycles. NPR's Gregory Feifer has more.  (Soundbite of motorcycle revving)  GREGORY FEIFER: This Moscow road is typical. It's full of potholes, covered in dirty slush most of the year, and crammed with cars whose owners drive like lunatics. Moscow is probably one of the least bike-friendly cities in the world, but there's been a sudden explosion of motorcycles here. Motor scooter owner Yuborg Biden(ph) says it's the only way to get around.  Mr. YUBORG BIDEN: (Through translator) Moscow traffic is so bad, usually you can do only one errand a day. On a scooter, you can fit in three or four. Soon there won't be any more traffic jams, because half the city will be on scooters.  FEIFER: Moscow's streets are full of brand new Mercedes and BMWs. No one even bats an eye at passing Bentleys and Ferraris. So for some, motorcycles are the new status symbol. Under the Soviet Union, motorcycles were decidedly unglamorous - a cheap mode of transportation for rural dwellers, often with a sidecar.  Now burgeoning numbers of leather-clad riders are tearing around the streets on the latest Japanese racing bikes.  (Soundbite of engine starting)  FEIFER: But for the truly wealthy, Harley Davidson's are the must-have motorcycle.  (Soundbite of music)  Unidentified Man: (Singing) (unintelligible) that new guy.  FEIFER: Inside Moscow's brand-new Harley Davidson dealership, businessmen in expensive suits shop for models costing more than $50,000. Import duties and other fees mean Harleys here cost almost double what they do in the United States. But Andre Dusyinchinka(ph) is already shopping for his second one.  Mr. ANDRE DUSYINCHINKA (Motorcycle owner, Moscow): (Foreign language spoken)  FEIFER: Harley Davidson is a huge legend, he says. That's why we spend so much money on them. I like mine because of the pleasure I get riding it, he continues. But, of course, it's also a status symbol.  It's also incredibly dangerous. Victor Palkminkin(ph), a former member of parliament who's the head of a motorist association, says many car drivers simply don't pay attention to motorcycles on the streets, and often cut them off.  Mr. VICTOR PALKMINKIN (Head of Motorist Association, Russia): (Through translator) On the other hand, many motorcycle and scooter drivers believe traffic regulations don't apply to them. They appear out of nowhere, racing past cars, rushing side view mirrors, doing whatever they want.  FEIFER: The authorities don't keep statistics about the number of road accidents involving motorcycles. But back on Moscow's streets, traffic policeman Andre Karpa(ph) says there's been an unmistakable spike in injuries and deaths.  Mr. ANDRE KARPA (Traffic Policeman, Russia): (Through translator) Many victims ride drunk. When they crash, they usually fly forward 30 to 40 feet, land on top of cars or get stuck underneath. Arms and legs are often broken. Helmets can save lives, but many ride without them.  FEIFER: That's hardly unusual in Moscow, where corrupt police don't enforce laws that are routinely ignored. Many Muscovites say the driving culture reflects current Russian society as a whole. It's everyone for himself. They believe it's going to take at least a generation for that to change.  (Soundbite of engine starting)  FEIFER: Gregory Feifer, NPR News, Moscow.

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Good Friday morning - here are our early headlines: Friday Prayers In Muslim Countries Bring Wider Anti-American Protests. Copts In U.S. Fear 'Terrible' Reaction In Egypt To Muhammed Film. And here are more stories: Extremely Powerful Hurricane Bearing Down On South Korea. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Now In Fifth Day. (Chicago Sun-Times) Pope Benedict XVI Arrives In Lebanon For Visit As Religious Tension Grows. (Washington Post) British Prosecutors Open Multi-Billion Dollar Fraud Case Against Ex-UBS Trader. (Reuters) Russia's Lower House Kicks Out Opposition Leader Who Protested Putin. (Financial Times) Afghan Bus And Fuel Truck Collide; Explosion Kills Dozens Of Passengers. (Bloomberg) French Magazine Draws Fire For Topless Photos Of Kate, Duchess Of Cambridge. (BBC) There Are Snowflakes On Mars! Dry Ice Flakes Fall On Martian South Pole. (Space.com)


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represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth
For example, '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Health Care Financing Initiative Filed']' should have a representation like '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.\nThe initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]']' but very far from '['represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details', 'Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.']'.

Question: Botched Police Response May Have Kept Car Accident Victims Waiting Days

Police in Scotland are investigating how they missed responding to a car accident that left one person dead and another severely injured on the side of the road for as many as three days. John Yuill, 28, and Lamara Bell, 25, were found on Wednesday morning local time off the M9 highway near the city of Stirling. Police reportedly received a call early Sunday about a car on the side of the road but did not follow up. The BBC says that Yuill was dead and Bell was seriously injured when they were found by police. Family members told the BBC that Bell had broken bones and had kidney damage due to dehydration. They had been reported as missing after having had last been seen with friends early Sunday. The BBC adds:  "The Police Investigations and Review Commissioner is to investigate, focusing on the call made to police on Sunday. A separate police investigation into the crash itself is ongoing. "Scottish Justice Secretary Michael Matheson, who is also a local MSP for Falkirk, said he wanted 'early answers' about the tragedy, and said Police Scotland had assured him that all relevant information would be passed on to investigators "Mid Scotland and Fife MSP Murdo Fraser said it was vital the 'truly shocking incident' was investigated in depth. "He said: 'People lying unattended at the side of the road for days is something you'd be surprised to encounter in the third world.' "  The Telegraph reported that some politicians wondered whether a larger investigation is needed, to see if the incident was connected to a more widespread problem within Police Scotland.

Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

With guest host Todd Zwillich. We round up the week’s top news from around the country. Former South Carolina Gov. Mark Sanford announced he will challenge President Donald Trump in the 2020 Republican primaries. The president took credit for helping North Carolina Republican Dan Bishop narrowly win a special election for a House seat in a district the GOP has held onto for nearly six decades.
Dan Bishop was down 17 points 3 weeks ago. He then asked me for help, we changed his strategy together, and he ran a great race. Big Rally last night. Now it looks like he is going to win. @CNN & @MSNBC are moving their big studio equipment and talent out. Stay tuned! — Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) September 11, 2019   John Bolton is out as [national security adviser.] (https://www.npr.org/2019/09/12/759961914/i-wasn-t-na-ve-getting-fired-in-the-trump-administration) The Supreme Court ruled that the Trump administration can block migrants from seeking asylum in the U.S. while the courts work the issue out. The California state legislature passed a bill to require companies to treat independent contractors as employees. The Sackler family, owners of Purdue Pharma, tentatively agreed to use its personal fortune to pay billions to state and local governments to settle opioid lawsuits. Our panel of journalists analyzes these stories and more. GUESTS Eliana Johnson, White House reporter, Politico; @elianayjohnson Shane Harris, Intelligence and national security reporter, The Washington Post; Future of War fellow, New America; author, ‘At War: The Rise of the Military-Internet Complex’ and ‘The Watchers: The Rise of America’s Surveillance State’; @shaneharris Shawna Thomas, Washington bureau chief, Vice News; @Shawna Maggie Fox, Health and science reporter; @maggiemfox For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2019 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Excerpts from NPR Interview With Trump Accuser Jessica Leeds About Alleged Groping

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October 14, 2016; Washington, D.C. - NPR's Audie Cornish spoke to Jessica Leeds, the woman who alleges that Donald Trump groped her when she was seated next to him on an airplane over 30 years ago. The following interview will air this afternoon on All Things Considered at approximately 5:06 p.m. ET. Stations and broadcast times are available at www.npr.org/stations.Excerpts from the conversation are available below. When asked what she was thinking during the incident, she said: "I didn't say anything. I don't recall saying no. I don't recall staying stop. I don't recall saying anything. I just – and he – I certainly recall that he didn't say anything. It was like a silent pantomime. Um...I remember at one point looking over at the guy, in the – on the seat across the aisle, and his eyes were like bugging out of his head. And the stewardess was nowhere to be found." When asked if she felt she could tell anyone what happened at the time, she said: "It never occurred to me to tell anyone, it never occurred to me to complain to airlines, it never occurred to me to complain to my boss, it was – to be frank not that uncommon in my travels as a salesperson on the road. When asked about her reaction to the incident, she said: "You know, as, I'm a fairly tall woman. I felt that for the most part I could handle myself physically, I could take care of myself physically, but he was very strong and very...very difficult. So yes it really rattled me. It rattled me enough so that I waited until everyone was off the airlines before I left. I did not want to run into him at all. I didn't want to take the chance of running into him at all." Audio and transcript will be available on NPR.org later today. An advanced transcript of the story is available upon request, embargoed until 5:06 PM. Contact NPR Media Relations mediarelations@npr.org / 202.513.2300

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


Question: Parents Of Students With Special Needs Face Acute Challenges

A Richmond, Va., mother talks about working from home and losing education services for her son with autism.

Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Concerns About North Atlantic Right Whales Grow

The critically endangered North Atlantic right whales‘ calving season is winding down. The number of new whales born this year is higher than in recent years. Still, right whales have a high mortality rate from human causes like ship strikes and entanglement. The fishing industry has made changes to protect the whales, but now the federal government wants to step in and enact more regulations to try to save the species. Molly Samuel of WABE reports. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

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Good morning, here are our top stories: For Obama, Vindication, Not A Mandate. World Reacts To Obama's Reelection. Republicans Keep The House; Democrats To Retain Senate. And here are other morning headlines: Powerful Winter Storm Aims For Region Affected By Superstorm Sandy. (National Weather Service) Syrian Rebels Try To Bomb Assad's Palace But Miss Their Target. (Reuters) E-U Warns Europe Will See Deep Recession In 2013, Growing Unemployment. (Wall Street Journal) Suzuki Motors Will Leave The U.S. Car Market, Will Still Offer Motorcycles. (Bloomberg) Pro Hockey Owners And Players Will Continue Secret Contract Bargaining Talks Today In Secret Location. (CBC) Gunman In Fresno, Calif. Processing Plant Kills Two, Wounds Two Before Killing Himself. (AP) Two Whales Found Dead On New Zealand Beach Are Rare Species, Almost Unseen By Humans. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Palestinians Flee Refugee Camp in Lebanon

Thousands of Palestinians leave a refugee camp in northern Lebanon that has been the scene of three days of fighting between the Lebanese army and Islamic militants. The camp is one of a dozen created in Lebanon after Israel was created in 1948. Paul Salem, director of the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, Lebanon, talks with Steve Inskeep about the state of Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon. Thousands of Palestinians have fled from a refugee camp in northern Lebanon that has been the scene of fighting between the Lebanese army and Islamic militants. The camp is one of a dozen created in Lebanon after the state of Israel was established in 1948. Paul Salem, director of the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, Lebanon, talks with Steve Inskeep about the state of Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon. Steve Inskeep: These aren't actually "camps," are they? These are sort of camps in the sense that they are cordoned-off areas to some degree that began literally as camps about 60 years ago in 1948, when the state of Israel was established and there was a war between the Israelis and the Arabs. Many of the Palestinians at the time fled Palestine, or were pushed out, and were dispersed into the neighboring Arab countries, including Lebanon. These were people who left Palestine thinking they'd be gone for a few days or a few weeks. As it turns out, they've been here for 60 years. So these camps, which were literally tent camps, have turned into shanty towns. The people in these camps have the legal status of refugees, which means that they're not allowed to work in the country or to own property. But they are also protected under United Nations regulations and have U.N. agencies that provide some services, although at a low level.    So people have been told to just sit around — not for years, but for generations? Absolutely. The condition of these camps is extremely desperate, partly because of the social conditions and partly because of the internal governance. These are not areas where the Lebanese government itself affects any authority, so you end up with gangs and groups just controlling things as they see fit. There's been a push in Lebanon to change the situation, and to provide these Palestinians with economic rights in order to work and own property and improve their conditions. But, sadly, this has been a controversial issue in Lebanon for a while, and some groups have still opposed it.   What is the reason that people would oppose that? This links to a more general issue. There are some groups in Lebanon which fear that these Palestinians will end up permanently becoming citizens of Lebanon, thus changing some of the internal political balance of the country. In addition, the main Palestinian demand and the main Arab demand is that these Palestinians are allowed to go home — go back to Palestine. That's increasingly unrealistic, but people realize that one has to come up with other solutions in the meantime.  Is that part of the reason that the camps stay there and stay there – because if Palestinians were integrated into normal life in Lebanon or somewhere else, it might be seen as an acknowledgment that Israel has a right to exist and is going to stay there? The issues are separated. Their situation is the most desperate in Lebanon because it links to intricate Lebanese politics. Palestinians in other Arab countries live in very different conditions — they work and are integrated in the society. Lebanon has done most poorly by the Palestinians because of Lebanon's own intricate internal problems; and the issue of right-of-return for Palestinians is not necessarily linked with the recognition of Israel. The last Arab peace plan offers full recognition to Israel, but also says that these Palestinians either have to be allowed to return or have to be compensated in some major way. They cannot simply be ignored in terms of their rights.

Good morning - here are some of the leading headlines we're following today: 'Picture Perfect Launch' For Private Rocket Headed To Space Station. Deal Reached On Probe Of Iran's Nuclear Program, IAEA Chief Says. Memorial Walk, Moment Of Silence Planned For Joplin On First Anniversary Of Devastating Tornado. (Joplin Globe) Jurors In John Edwards Corruption Trial Begin Third Day Of Deliberations. (Reuters) Images Show North Korea Conducts Unknown Activity At Nuclear Test Site. (CNN) Myanmar Opposition Leader Aung San Suu Kyi Will Address U.N. Labor Conference Next Month In Switzerland. (AP) 2 Protesters Die In Lebanon At Funeral Of Murdered Anti-Syrian Cleric; 5 Killed In Syrian Bombing. (VOA) Four Perish Climbing Everest, One Missing While Dozens More Continue Toward Summit (ABC) Oklahoma City Defeats Los Angeles To Reach NBA Western Conference Finals; 8 Wounded In Oklahoma City Violence After Victory. (Oklahoman) Man Survives Suicide Attempt After Leaping Into Niagara Falls. (USA Today)


Question:
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E.g. '['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Claudio Sanchez Reports That Although They Failed To Create']' == '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "chains of private, for-profit schools, two companies are waiting for a second  chance. This time they've got a more modest, low-key plan."]' != '['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Stories: 1) Untangling The Complex Foreclosure Mess 2) Finding The Best Of The Bands On The Beatles' Label"]'

Question: Ameriquest Customers Mull Settlement Offer

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Examples:

"['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'The new Iraqi parliament convened on Monday more than three months after the general election.  The opening session lasted just 20 minutes, and little was accomplished.  The prospects of forming a new government remain as murky as ever.']" == "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', "Iraq's New Parliament Convenes"]"

Nearly half a million customers of the mortgage company Ameriquest have a decision to make.  They have been getting settlement offers as part of a $300 million deal cut by Ameriquest with the government. State prosecutors had accused the company of predatory lending. Now, the customers are deciding whether to take a few hundred bucks from the settlement, or hold out for more. LIANE HANSEN, host:  Customers who claimed they were ripped off by the home mortgage company Ameriquest are getting settlement offers in the mail. Some of them lost their homes after they couldn't afford Ameriquest's loan payments. The company settled predatory lending investigations with state prosecutors last year for $300 million. That money has been divided up and nearly half a million people soon will find out how much they will receive.  NPR's Chris Arnold reports.  CHRIS ARNOLD: There are a lot of Ameriquest customers around the country who say the company charged them predatory fees and lied to them about what their payments would be.  Mr. LUCAS BARBER(ph) (Client, Ameriquest): They were dishonest. They were unprofessional.  ARNOLD: Lucas Barber says Ameriquest told him his loan payments on his $136,000 mortgage would be around $900 and wouldn't go up if he refinanced with Ameriquest within two years. When he did that, Ameriquest charged him fees. He also took more cash out of his house to pay off a car and some Visa bills. Meanwhile, the interest rate on his loan did go up. So he says his payment rose to $1,300 a month.  Do you know how much they charged you in fees and stuff?  Mr. BARBER: Man, it was like $13,000, $14,000, $15,000. Man, it was - they were hitting me with fees.  ARNOLD: Actually, it was more. Barber's loan document showed that Ameriquest charged him a total of more than $19,000 in fees on three different loans between 2003 and 2006. Barber says that helped to make the size of his loan larger than the value of his house.  In 2005, Barber says his wife got into a bad car accident and he left his job as a corrections officer to help care for the kids and find more flexible work. But Barber says he couldn't afford his payments and couldn't pull any more money out of the house and he lost it.  Mr. BARBER: Man, it's a heartbreaker because it's like - I mean, it's plain especially when you - my son at the time, he was six so - and my daughter was two and then just telling them like, okay, well, you know, you're going to have to make some new friends. You know what I'm saying? We're going to move somewhere else. And we don't have a stable place no more.  ARNOLD: Barber admits he made mistakes, but he also thinks Ameriquest took advantaged of him and overcharged him. This week, Barber got a letter with an offer for a settlement Ameriquest struck with attorneys general from 49 states who've been investigating the firm. They alleged that Ameriquest sales personnel engaged in deceptive and fraudulent practices such as falsifying documents, lying to customers and charging improper fees.  Ameriquest settled for $300 million without admitting wrongdoing. That might sound like a lot of money, but there were about 500,000 allegedly affected Ameriquest customers. Barber found out this week, his share would be $700.  Mr. BARBER: Seven hundred dollars was just something I may not look at it. Right now, it's kind of tempting to take it.  ARNOLD: Barber says he could really use the money, but if he takes it, he gives up his right to future litigation. If he rejects the offer, he might get more from an ongoing class-action lawsuit. Jill Bowman is one of the co-lead attorneys in the nationwide class-action case.  Ms. JILL BOWMAN (Co-Lead Attorney, Class-Action Case versus Ameriquest): It absolutely has to be a personal decision that each borrower has to make based on their personal circumstances. But you've got to understand that these people are getting offers that, you know, hundreds of dollars to a thousand dollars when they've lost tens of thousands of dollars. And we're going to be pursuing, you know, billions of dollars.  ARNOLD: But even if the plaintiffs win in the class-action case, the awards still might not be bigger than the one on the table right now. Tom Miller is the attorney general of Iowa. He was the lead government lawyer in the Ameriquest case. He says Ameriquest customers who lost an unusually large amount of money might consider other legal options. But as to the class-action case, he says the lawyers there…  Attorney General TOM MILLER (Department of Justice, Iowa): They have a daunting challenge. This is the second largest recovery in the history of the country of this type. And to try and improve upon that is a difficult challenge to them. I wish them well.  ARNOLD: But some borrowers say they're willing to risk that and some feel like Ameriquest took their house from them. They want to reject the $700 or $900 offer on principle even if the ongoing litigation is uncertain. Others want to just take the cash an

Citrus Growers Peg Losses at Over $800 Million. Regulators Hit Up Retailers for Pesticide Fees. End Music.


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Question: Khan, 87, Brought Indian Classical Music To U.S.

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World-renowned musician Ali Akbar Khan has died at the age of 87 at his home in Northern California. Khan was nominated for five Grammys and recorded more than 95 albums, including the first by an Indian classical musician in the West.  Khan was born into a legendary north Indian family who served as royal court musicians as far back as the 16th century. Khan began studying music with his father at the age of 3. His father, Allauddin Khan, remains a towering figure in Indian classical music. He composed over 4,000 pieces and played 200 instruments. His son was expected to carry on as a cultural repository. And he was expected to practice — all day, every day.   Young Ali Akbar Khan was often beaten for lacking dedication. But when he made his professional debut at age 13 in 1935, he was immediately hailed as a virtuoso of the steel-stringed, lutelike instrument called the sarod. Indian classical music was virtually unknown in the West until violinist Yehudi Menuhin heard Khan give a recital in Delhi. Enchanted, he invited Khan to visit the United States. The music's shimmering serenity was embraced by the counterculture. Although he toured extensively, Khan was serious about teaching. He opened music colleges in Calcutta, California and Switzerland and taught until just two weeks before his death.  Khan was taught by his father that music should be kept inside the family, pure and undefiled. But Khan welcomed anyone in his music schools, no matter their background. He received a MacArthur "genius grant" and the most prestigious arts awards in India and the U.S. He said that as he aged, he found new energy. And he said his father, even in death, remained a powerful presence. The subtleties and depths of Indian classical music his father taught him could not be learned in one lifetime, Kahn said. It would take 10 lives, or 500 years, to understand it all. GUY RAZ, host:  We take a few moments now to remember Ali Akbar Khan. The musical giant who introduced Indian classical sounds to the West has died at his Northern California home at age 87. Khan was nominated for five Grammys and recorded more than 95 albums.  NPR's Neda Ulaby has this remembrance.  NEDA ULABY: Ali Akbar Khan was born into a legendary North Indian family who served as royal court musicians, starting at least in the 16th century. Khan began studying music with his father at the age of three.  Mr. ALI AKBAR KHAN: If you make one mistake then he become a dangerous man.  (Soundbite of laughter)  ULABY: Khan's father, Allauddin Khan, remains a towering figure in Indian classical music. He composed over 4,000 pieces and played 200 instruments. His son was expected to carry on as a cultural repository, and he was expected to practice all day, every day.  Mr. KHAN: Eighteen hours a day for 20 years, and sometime my father taught me for 15 hours a day.  ULABY: Young Ali Akbar Khan was often beaten for lacking dedication. But when he made his professional debut at age 13 in 1935, he was immediately hailed as a virtuoso of the steel string lute-like instrument, the sarod.  (Soundbite of music)  ULABY: Indian classical music was virtually unknown in the West; that was until violinist Yehudi Menuhin heard Khan give a recital in Delhi. Enchanted, he invited Khan to visit the United States. The music's shimmering serenity was embraced by the counterculture. And although he toured extensively, Khan was serious about teaching. He opened music colleges in Calcutta, California and Switzerland, and taught until just two weeks before his death.  You can hear, in this tape recorded 10 years ago, the pleasure he took in it.  (Soundbite of music)  Mr. KHAN: (Singing in foreign language).  ULABY: Ali Akbar Khan was taught by his father that music should be kept inside the family, pure and undefiled. But Khan welcomed anyone in his music school no matter their background. He said as he aged, he found new energy. And he said his father, even in death, remained a powerful presence.  Mr. KHAN: Still in my dreams he comes and teach me music, twice or thrice a month. Some lessons that I forget and then he get angry. And then, after few months, he comes back. If he's happy, then he comes every month.  ULABY: Khan said his father told him that the subtleties and depths of Indian classical music could not be taught in one lifetime. It would take 10 lives or 500 years to understand it all.  Neda Ulaby, NPR News.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: The Commission Approach to National Problems

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NPR's Robert Siegel talks about the work of some previous independent commissions with former Sen. Warren Rudman and Rep. Jane Harman. The Hart/Rudman Commission was created in 1998 to examine America's security.

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Stories: 1) The Science Behind Deep-Water Oil Drilling 2) Real Life Documentaries Trump Reality TV Every Day


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

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Examples:
Provided: "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'A European Union lawmaker says governments should stop covering up information about UFOs and let the public know the truth.  Mario Borghezio, an Italian member of the European parliament, says the EU should have its own X-files center where anyone can look at the information gathered on unexplained sightings in the sky.  Borghezio is seeking the support of other lawmakers from the 736-member assembly for a statement calling on governments to act. So far he has collected only a couple dozen signatures supporting his measure, but he says his colleagues will come around.  Opening the files is not unprecedented: Last year, Britain published 4,000 pages online on 800 alleged encounters with aliens during the 1980s and 1990s. And over the past three years, the British Defense Ministry has been gradually releasing previously secret UFO papers after facing Freedom of Information demands. Massimo Teodorani, an astrophysicist long active in UFO circles who backs Borgehezio in his request, urged lawmakers to grant him and other experts access to the data.  "We can expand our scientific knowledge very quickly, so this is important for mainstream science," he said.   Teodorani said he neither believes in alien encounters nor rules them out, but insists the secret files would prove it once and for all. Material from The Associated Press was used in this report']" Match: "['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'EU Lawmaker Calls For End To UFO Secrets']"

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news ... this week, the health care saga continues, someone crosses the border from CNN, and a very special 40th anniversary.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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E.g. given '['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details', "Who's Carl This Time?"]' it should be close to '['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr', 'President Bush offers some helpful advice; Baseball season starts on a merry note; Why the world is buzzing about... a fish.']' but not to '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over."]'.

Question: Muslim Woman Sues OC Sheriff's Department Over Headscarf Removal

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Adolfo Guzman-Lopez: An observant Muslim woman alleges in a federal lawsuit filed today that Orange County Sheriff's deputies unlawfully forced her to remove her headscarf while she was in custody. KPCC's Adolfo Guzman-Lopez reports.

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Question: Document Dump Suggests Trump Associates Were Surveilling U.S. Ambassador To Ukraine

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Text messages released by Rudy Giuliani associate Lev Parnas suggest a disturbing focus by Trump associates on getting the U.S. ambassador to Kyiv, Marie Yovanovitch, out of the way.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- California Wildfires Spread, Spurred On By Strong Winds. -- U.S. Decision On Jerusalem Sparks Anger And Concern. -- Recount Likely In Close Atlanta Mayoral Race. -- 'French Elvis' Johnny Hallyday Dies At 74.  -- British Intelligence Reportedly Foils Plot To Kill Prime Minister. And here are more early headlines: House Delays Stop Gap Spending Bill Vote. (The Hill) Impeachment Articles To Be Introduced In House. (Washington Post) Trump, Jr. To Speak Privately To House Intel Committee. (NBC) Kirstjen Nielsen Confirmed As Homeland Security Secretary. (Politico) Russian Lawmakers To Bar Certain U.S. Media From Chamber. (Reuters)


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Question: Iraqi Jazz Gets 'The Blues'

Jazz musicians have always juxtaposed Western and non-Western elements. At times, it seemed like an aesthetic choice — say, John Coltrane working with Ravi Shankar. At others, cross-cultural improvisation held the key to survival of the enterprise, as with the novelty appeal of early Afro-Latin music. It's hard to tell whether Iraqi-American trumpeter Amir ElSaffar is inspired more by the opportunity presented by his heritage or by the necessity for jazz to break out of a claustrophobic sphere of influence. But listening to his gorgeous, invigorating, and accessible Two Rivers suite, which melds modern improvisation with the Iraqi maqam tradition, theoretical considerations become an afterthought. Without a musicology degree, it can be difficult to precisely explain what's going on in the finale, "The Blues in E Half-Flat." But since any technical explanation threatens to become unwieldy, try this: It grooves hard, it's possible to follow the 12-bar blues form on it, and it sounds fantastic. The groove comes courtesy of virtuoso drummer Nasheet Waits and pounding bassist Carlo DeRosa. The blues-form bit is a neat trick of ElSaffar's wherein he chooses a set of pitches — microtonal ones, at that — compatible with an Iraqi scale mode. As for sounding fantastic, it's a testament to the ability of well-trained musicians to adapt to specific challenges, regardless of cultural weight. Say the words "Iraqi-jazz hybrid" — or any sort of "ethno-jazz," for that matter — and it conjures a sort of watered-down background music for eccentrics. But the beauty of these "Blues" is that they require no legitimizing cultural authenticity. Tareq Abboushi's buzuq sounds like a distorted acoustic guitar, plenty powerful for improvising unfamiliar yet instinctively fitting textures. And the dialogue between ElSaffar and alto saxophonist Rudresh Mahanthappa — one of today's most consistently interesting instrumentalists — brings the fire of '60s free jazz without sacrificing the pulsating rhythmic undercurrent. Like the best jazz, this music celebrates the ability of great musicians to imagine unfamiliar territory, and navigate it in a way that makes for both intuitive understanding and compelling listening. Listen to yesterday's 'Song of the Day.'

Stories: 1) Saxophone Stylings, With A South-Asian Flair 2) Green Goes Blue With 'Grant's First Stand' 3) 'Her Peers': A Gutsy Anthology Of Women Writers


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Question: Secret Service Director Faces Congressional Hearing

Secret Service Director Julia Pierson will face tough questions today in the wake of revelations that fence jumper Omar Gonzalez made it much farther into the White House than previously thought. After a series of Secret Service mishaps in the past few years, including a prostitution scandal in Colombia and a fumbled response to a White House gunman in 2011, Pierson will have to answer doubts regarding the Secret Service’s culture and accountability. NPR’s Washington correspondent, Brian Naylor, joins Here & Now’s Robin Young with what to expect at the hearing. Guest

Brian Naylor, NPR Washington correspondent.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- McCain Takes Swipe At President For Vietnam 'Bone Spur' Deferment. -- Director James Toubek Accused Of Harassment By Dozens Of Women. -- AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka Wins A Third 4-Year Term. -- Digging In The Mud To See What Toxic Substances Were Spread By Hurricane Harvey. -- David Letterman Honored With Twain Award For American Comedy.  And here are more early headlines: Schumer Seeks "CEO" For Disaster Recovery In Puerto Rico. (The Hill) Sgt. Bergdahl's Sentencing Hearing Opens Today. (CNN) Vietnam Veteran Who Saved Dozens To Receive Medal Of Honor. (ABC) Catalan Officials To Resist Spanish Government Takeover. (BBC) After Criticism, W.H.O. Rescinds Zimbabwe Leader's Appointment. (Washington Post) Philippines Says Assault On Marawi Militants Is Over. (Reuters) India's Government Tells Myanmar To Take Back Rohingyas. (AP)


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Question: The News Roundup — Domestic

Over 500,000 people have died from COVID-19 in the United States. The milestone comes as we approach a year of the pandemic directly impacting the way many of us work and live. Drug companies Pfizer and Moderna say they are both planning to boost shipments of the vaccine to the U.S. soon. And this was another week where Washington failed to pass any economic relief related to the pandemic. Reports suggest that the current package will move through Congress with little to no Republican support. Some of the most high-profile sticking points include an increase of the federal minimum wage to $15 and $1,400 stimulus checks for qualified Americans. Meanwhile, former Capitol security officers testified before Congress about the deadly insurrection on Jan. 6. FBI officials sent the leaders of Capitol security an email about potentially violent threats on Jan. 5, but former U.S. Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund said the information didn’t reach him in time. Sund resigned from his office on Jan. 8. We cover all those stories and more on the domestic edition of the News Roundup.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Prisoners Discover Peanut Butter's Practical Side

Tennessee prison officials have found out why so many convicts had a hankering for peanut butter. There were thousands of peanut butter jars in the prison system. Prison officials tell the Nashville Tennesseean that inmates used 18-ounce jars of peanut butter to hide drugs or guns.  One prisoner even used a peanut butter jar to hide the cell phone he used to coordinate his escape.  The big jars are now being replaced by small condiment packets.

Stories: 1) Putting Puppies Behind Bars (For A Good Cause) 2) Forensic Vet Helps Prevent Animal Cruelty 3) Rescuing Katrina's Four-Legged Victims


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Question: New Orleans Readies for Mayoral Run-Off

Two candidates are left in the high-profile race to lead a post-Katrina New Orleans. Voters will choose Saturday between Mayor Ray Nagin and Louisiana Lt. Gov. Mitch Landrieu. Steve Inskeep previews the run-off vote with Silas Lee, a pollster in New Orleans.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Bombing Kills At Least 14 In Afghanistan, Including Three NATO Troops. -- With First Debate This Week, We Really Are In Campaign's Final Stretch. Other stories in the news: Read More -- "Payroll Tax Cut Is Unlikely To Survive Past Jan. 1 Deadline." (The New York Times) -- California Bans "Gay-Repair Therapy For Minors." (San Francisco Chronicle) -- Supreme Court Opens; Justices Prep "For Another Headline-Making Term." (Morning Edition) -- European Team Makes Dramatic Comeback, Retains Hold On Golf's Ryder Cup. (Morning Edition) -- "With No Contract, Minnesota Orchestra Locks Out Musicians." (Minnesota Public Radio) -- "Carma-What?" Los Angeles Gets Through "Carmageddon II" With Few Problems; Interstate Reopens After Bridge Destruction. (Southern California Public Radio) -- "Spain Expects A Wider Budget Gap." (The Wall Street Journal) -- "Russian Court Adjourns Punk Band Appeal Hearing." (Reuters)


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Question: Responding to Your Letters

Farai Chideya and News & Notes editor Sasa Woodruff read and respond to listeners' e-mails concerning Rene Marie's singing of the Black National Anthem and the most recent controversial cover of The New Yorker featuring Barack and Michelle Obama.

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In the aftermath of catastrophic events such as a mass shooting or natural disaster, politicians often offer up their thoughts and prayers to victims. Critics then hit back, condemning the phrase as meaningless — with no real value or impact. Now a new study from economists finds that prayers might have an actual dollar value, and they may also have real consequences for charitable giving in the wake of catastrophe, but not in the way you might think. Source: Thunström, Linda and Shiri Noy, "The Value of Thoughts and Prayers", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019 Music by Drop Electric. Find us: Twitter / Facebook / Newsletter.  Subscribe to our show on Apple Podcasts, PocketCasts and NPR One.


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Question: The Portland Baroque Orchestra,

The Portland Baroque Orchestra, conducted by Paul Goodwin, performs the Suite from the semi-opera "King Arthur" by Henry Purcell. Recorded earlier this season at Trinity Episcopal Cathedral in Portland, OR. (Armentrout Recordings/Oregon Public Broadcasting)

Maute takes the solo spotlight in the Suite in E-flat for "Flute Pastourelle," by Telemann.  Maute is part of the ensemble Rebel, which we hear in concert at the Boston Early Music Festival.


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Question: Snow Forecast for Mountain Passes Christmas Weekend

If you're driving across Washington's Interstate 90 Snoqualmie Pass to visit friends and family this weekend, make note of this warning from the Washington State Department of Transportation: DOT officials say Saturday morning is NOT the best time to drive to grandma's house.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In China, Obama Touts Visa Deal, Progress On Free-Trade Pact. -- Bombing At Nigerian High School Kills Dozens. -- Will Jeb Bush Run For President? His Brother Says Maybe. -- Study: Detergent Pods Can Harm Children Who Play With Them. And here are more early headlines: Chinese, Japanese Leaders Meet In Ice-Breaking Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Frigid Weather Plunging South Into U.S., Brings Sub-Normal Temps. (USA Today) 3 Astronauts Return Safely From International Space Station. (CBS) Talks Extended Into Monday For Iran's Nuclear Program. (Reuters) Bombings In Afghanistan Kill Afghan Security Officers. (VOA) Survey Finds Regular Gas Prices Down 13 Cents In Last 2 Weeks. (AP)


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Question: David Alan Grier Fills The Black  'News' Void

To say David Alan Grier's Chocolate News picks up where Chappelle's Show left off -- in some ways -- undermines the ingenuity of both comedians. But for those who were desperately seeking a black satirical take on all things Election 2008, his show is a comedic godsend. As proof: Take a listen to Farai's hilarious conversation with Grier on today's show -- which included an impromptu impression of the Rev. Jeremiah Wright warning against a specific type of cancer affecting black men. And for good measure, follow that up with a few promo clips on the show's Web site. Chocolate News premieres tonight on Comedy Central.

Stories: 1) Will The Real Woody Allen Please Stand Up? 2) Tracy Morgan On Becoming 'The New Black'


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Question: 'Finkler' Questions The Meaning Of Jewishness

In 2002, during my final semester of university, I went to the Caribbean on spring break. Settling into my seat on the airplane, the girl next to me introduced herself. Her name was Nalah, she proudly proclaimed, and she was Palestinian. "What's your background, David?" There it was. The question. Who, or what, was I really? She knew I was Jewish. I knew she knew I was Jewish, but I was going to do everything in my power to avoid that answer. This was during the peak of the second Palestinian intifada, a time of suicide bombings and army airstrikes, and I'd seen enough shouting matches on campus that year to know I didn't want to be accused of war crimes in the cramped seat of a 737. "My family's from Eastern Europe," I told her, and when she prodded for more, I countered with "Romania, Lithuania, who knows, it was a long time ago." After a few minutes of ducking and weaving she saw I wasn't going to play the game, and we both turned to the in-flight movie. Thankfully it wasn't Munich. What does it mean to be Jewish? To some it means sitting down at Katz's delicatessen with a pastrami sandwich. To others, it's setting up a hilltop outpost in the West Bank and waiting for the messiah. That essential uncertainty, pondered by everyone from rabbis and philosophers to Shakespeare and Sammy Davis Jr., is what Howard Jacobson tackles head on in The Finkler Question. This unabashedly Jewish novel has been shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize for Fiction. The winner will be announced Tuesday and, for me, The Finkler Question should win the award. [Editor's Note: The Finkler Question did, in fact, win the Booker prize on October 12.] The story revolves around Julian Treslove, a melancholy, lackluster London liberal. After Treslove is mugged one night, he believes, with increasing certainty, that his attacker called him a Jew. Though his best friends are Jewish, Treslove is not. Or at least he's fairly certain he isn't. But as a result of the incident, he becomes increasingly obsessed with the question of Jewishness. Treslove doesn't approach his journey into Judaism from a religious standpoint. He takes no steps to learn Hebrew or convert. Instead, his obsession is cultural. He wishes to understand the mannerisms of Jewish life; the hidden code of Jewish sarcasm and the subtleties of Jewish body language. As Treslove yearns to pass as a Jew, many of his Jewish contemporaries in the book do their best to pass as gentiles, including one pitiful character who spends his waking hours trying to reverse his circumcision, chronicling his efforts on a blog, photos and all. Jacobson isn't the first writer to delve into the question of Jewish identity, and he surely won't be the last. But he is definitely one of the most fearless. Over much of the past three decades, he has established himself as the literary voice of the Jewish community in Britain; a country where Jews are a much smaller and less assimilated minority compared with America, and where the specter of anti-Semitism makes many British Jews wary of drawing attention to themselves. But Jacobson is unabashedly proud of being labeled a Jewish writer, and The Finkler Question tackles an uncomfortable issue with satire that is so biting, so pointed, that it pulls you along for 300 pages and leaves a battlefield of sacred cows in its wake. The book's appeal to Jewish readers is obvious, but like all great Jewish art -- the paintings of Marc Chagall, the books of Saul Bellow, the films of Woody Allen -- it is Jacobson's use of the Jewish experience to explain the greater human one that sets it apart. Who among us is so certain of our identity? Who hasn't been asked, "What's your background" and hesitated, even for a split second, to answer their inquisitor? Howard Jacobson's The Finkler Question forces us to ask that of ourselves, and that's why it's a must read, no matter what your background. David Sax is the author of the book Save the Deli: In Search of Perfect Pastrami, Crusty Rye, and the Heart of Jewish Delicatessen.  You Must Read This is produced and edited by Ellen Silva. He should have seen it coming. His life had been one mishap after another. So he should have been prepared for this one. He was a man who saw things coming. Not shadowy premonitions before and after sleep, but real and present dangers in the daylit world. Lamp posts and trees reared up at him, splintering his shins. Speeding cars lost control and rode on to the footpath leaving him lying in a pile of torn tissue and mangled bones. Sharp objects dropped from scaffolding and pierced his skull. Women worst of all. When a woman of the sort Julian Treslove found beautiful crossed his path it wasn’t his body that took the force but his mind. She shattered his calm. True, he had no calm, but she shattered whatever calm there was to look forward to in the future. She was the future. People who see what’s coming have faulty chronology, that is all. Treslove’s clocks were all wrong. He no sooner saw the

Stories: 1) David Rakoff's 'Half Empty' Full Of Humor, Guilt 2) 'Stand Up, Speak Out,' Derrick Bell Told Law Students 3) John Wayne: Icon Of America's Booming Confidence 4) 'Ides Of March': These Days, All Politics Is Lowball


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Question: Satirizing the Suburbs

Novelist Tom Perrotta. His book Little Children a satirical take  on parenthood and suburbia has been adapted into a new film starring Kate Winslet. One reviewer wrote of the book "it represents a sterling comic contribution to the growing literature of the Bad Mommy and Bad Daddy." Perrotta is also the author of the novels Joe College and Election which was made into the 1999 movie of the same name.

Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: Remodeling The House; A Story That Fell From The Sky; and A Pint-Sized Literary Giant Emerges.