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Question: Taking A Look At Credit Card Trends

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President Obama will meet Thursday with top executives from credit-card companies. The administration plans to crack down on unfair lending practices. Joan Goldwasser of Kiplinger Personal Finance offers insights about how credit-card companies operate.

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Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Who's proud to be an American?  This guy!

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Weekend Edition listener Peter Babones has a tattoo of Ronald Regan on his right bicep, and Jim Kelly (Black Belt Jones) on his left bicep. When people ask him why, he explain "...that only America could produce two such seemingly different icons."

1. What do you think ... should a court overturn a marriage because the groom finds out his wife isn't a virgin? A French Court said yes. Not the answer many wanted to hear. 2. Is the international community doing enough to combat HIV and AIDS around the world? One of Brazil's top health officials shares her thoughts. 3. Did you know there's a deep social stigma about Albinism in Tanzania? Now one woman may be able to give them a voice and change public opinion. 4. What about a stall at the local farmer's market where locals can "Meet a Black Guy"? They tried it in Corvallis, Oregon. 5. And ... know how to order a glass of rum at the bar? Scott Clime does and he'll teach you how. All this, in today's show. Get in the mix. Let us know what you think.


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Question: Maryland's Next Health Care Experiment

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Maryland is embarking on a new health care experiment. Governor Martin O’Malley has announced that his state will cap how much its hospitals are allowed to spend. If the plan works, hospitals will be rewarded for keeping people out their beds, not in them. Maryland’s plan essentially caps all hospital spending at the state’s growth rate, which is about half the rate of the revenue growth hospitals have seen in the last 10 years. Jay Hancock of Kaiser Health News tells Here & Now’s Sacha Pfeiffer that the plan is an ambitious one. “One economist told me that this is the most ambitious thing that has been tried to control health care costs in the last 50 years.” For decades, Maryland has been unique in the U.S. for requiring hospitals to charge the same amount for the procedures they perform. Guest

Jay Hancock, senior correspondent at Kaiser Health News. He tweets @jayhancock1.

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Tulare County Approves New Dairies. Drunk Driving Crackdown Planned for Holidays. Health Care Access a Priority for 2007, But Who Will Get It?. End Music.


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they discuss, and Ted recommends recordings of, the huge and magnificent Symphony No. 3 by Gustav Mahler.

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Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Nigerian, Interpol Agents Collaborate In Arrest Of Top Cyber Scammer

Nigerian and international agents have arrested the alleged kingpin of a ubiquitous email scam that netted tens of millions of dollars.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No End In Sight As Government Shutdown Begins. -- Obama: 'Perpetual Cycle Of Brinksmanship ... Has To End.' -- In Talk Of Shutdown, A Familiar Feeling At The White House. And here are more early headlines: Despite Government Shutdown, Obamacare Opens Enrollment Today. (Reuters) Israeli Prime Minister Visits U.N. Today, Warning Against Iran. (CBS) U.S. Diplomats Expelled From Venezuela For 'Sabotage'. (CNN) Bangladesh Sentences Opposition Leader To Death For War Crimes. (BBC) Greece Cracks Down On Far Right Party Accused Of Murder, Corruption. (Guardian) Jury Seated In Insider Trading Trial Of Dallas Mavericks Owner. (New York Times) UC Berkeley Blast May Be Linked To Underground Copper Theft. (San Jose Mercury News) Police Catch Thief Sprayed With Liquid That Glows In Ultraviolet Light. (Reuters)


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Question: States Mull Rule Changes To Make Sure Mail-In Ballots Are Counted

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Given ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Ten years ago today, hundreds of people were killed and thousands injured by simultaneous terrorist bombings at the United States embassies Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. More than 200 were killed in the bombings — including 12 Americans — and 5,000 wounded.  The attacks were linked to al-Qaeda, and marked the first time for many Americans to hear of the terrorist organization. Edith Bartley lost her father and brother in the attacks. Bartley discusses her lingering grief, moving forward and her thoughts about the government's response to the bombings, ten years later. MICHEL MARTIN, host:  We continue now with another story out of Africa.  On this date 10 years ago, if you turned on the news, you would have heard this.    Unidentified Reporter:  Two explosions occurred in East African capitals today, both near U.S. embassies.  The first occurred in Nairobi, the second a short time later in Dar es Salaam, capital of Tanzania.    MARTIN:  Hundreds of people were killed and thousands were injured by simultaneous terrorist attacks at the U.S. embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya.  The attacks were linked to al-Qaeda.  It was the first time, in fact, that many Americans had heard of al-Qaeda.  Those attacks are now believed to have been precursors to the 9/11 attacks.    12 Americans lost their lives that day, including Julian Bartley Sr., a diplomat serving at the embassy in Kenya and his son, Julian Jay Bartley Jr., who was working there as a summer intern.  Joining us today to remember those lost loves ones is Edith Bartley, Julian's daughter and Jay's sister.  She's here with me in the studio.  Edith, welcome.    Ms. EDITH BARTLEY (Daughter of Julian Bartley):  Thank you.  MARTIN:  And we are so sorry for your loss. I have to say, 10 years later, we're still so sorry.  Ms. BARTLEY:  Thank you, but we appreciate you having us on the show, and we just want the world to remember our families and remember the embassy bombings that was half a world away.  But it was al-Qaeda. They attacked Americans on American soil, and it really was a precursor to 9/11.    MARTIN:  How are you doing, by the way?  Are you in touch with some of the other family members and survivors?  Ms. BARTLEY:  We're all very close.  There were, as you said, 12 Americans who were killed, and our families are extremely close.  We talk on a weekly basis, and each family is doing as best they can.  It varies. There are many fathers who were left to raise children, who lost a wife. There were tandem couples, and so those kids are still having a very difficult time.  You never get over missing your loved one.    For us, it's been extremely difficult in light of 9/11 that followed our loss.  And then, of course, you know, our nation and the world is still dealing with al-Qaeda.  And in addition to that, unfortunately, as we take today to really remember their lives and as a tribute to them, we are still unfortunately dealing with the State Department, who ignored the fact that our families were placed in harms way unnecessarily.    Al-Qaeda was under surveillance two years before those embassy bombings in Nairobi, and diplomats and their families were not told of that information and were placed in harm's way unnecessarily.  And that embassy did not meet the required security standards of that time.   MARTIN:  Hold on.  You've given us a lot to talk about here.  And I should mention that you and I have spoken before over the course of these 10 years, and you have many times expressed the view that the families affected by the 1998 embassy bombings have not received the attention that they deserved.  Ms. BARTLEY:  Yes.  MARTIN:  Over the course of these 10 years and you have many times expressed the view that the families affected by the 1998 embassy bombings have not received the attention that they deserve.  Do you still feel that way and why do you feel that way?  Ms. BARTLEY:  We do.  You know, it's been ongoing to educate people.  Certainly, we've made many very good friends in Congress and then a bipartisan effort to bring attention to this issue and address families, including Congressman James Clayburn, the majority whip, and Congressman Roy Blunt, the minority whip, as well as on the Senate side, we've got many, many supporters, my own Senator Mikulski from Maryland, Senator Cole from Wisconsin also has a constituent, and so Congress knows this issue.    And certainly in the House, people know this issue.  The world, though, doesn't hear about it as much, and so they don't often make the connection to 9/11. And so today, we want our loved ones to be remembered.  MARTIN:  Is the issue for you that you feel that these warning signs were ignored, and thus your family members were lost for something that potentially could have been avoided, or is it the after?  What happened afterwards?  I mean, the fact that there was this compensation fund created for the families of 9/11 victims. Well, your family members wer"], a positive would be ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Terrorist Bombings in Kenya, Tanzania Remembered']

Some states' election rules say that mail-in ballots count as long as they're postmarked by Election Day. But some arrive without postmarks and that raises questions about whether they should count.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Don't Miss: Lynne Stewart Faces Sentencing

Lynne Stewart is a long-time civil rights lawyer. She represented Omar Abdel Rahman, the one-eyed sheik who is serving a life sentence for a plot to blow up New York City landmarks. Stewart, herself, is being sentenced today for "blatantly and repeatedly" violating prison regulations by helping her client communicate with his followers. NPR's Margot Adler has a piece on Stewart this morning, who now says she was naive. From the piece: Adler: In a letter to the Judge, John Koeltl, Stewart has expressed her regrets. Her goal was to improve the prison conditions of her client, she says, but she was naive not to realize that what might have been considered legitimate before Sept. 11 would now be interpreted as criminal.  "At the time I didn't see this," she wrote. "I see and understand it now." She says she should have fought the constitutionality of the prison regulations in court. She now says she wants Judge Koeltl to see.  Stewart: My flaws, my weaknesses, my tendency to let my heart run ahead of my head.  Adler: And most of all she wants to set the record straight to dispel the notion that…  Stewart: If you are a left-winger, as I am -- and maybe a radical left-winger as I am always called -- that that somehow feeds into an Islamic kind of an agenda,  the two couldn't be further apart. We are inclusive people, they are exclusive people, they want a theocracy.  The government wants Stewart to be sentenced to 30 years. Listen to the whole thing. Update: 3:59 p.m. EDT -- Quick update on civil rights lawyer Lynne Stewart. She's been sentenced to 28 months in prison. Prosecutors had wanted 30 years. We'll have a story on All Things Considered in a little bit from NPR's Margot Adler.

Stories: 1) 'Colbert Show' Back From Iraq 2) Wussy: Strong Work, And Not Without Pain


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Question: Week in Review with Daniel Schorr

NPR's Scott Simon reviews the week's news with NPR's Daniel Schorr, senior news analyst.

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Stories: 1) Colin Meloy of The Decemberists 2) Remembering Father Robert Drinan 3) The Metropolitan Opera in a Theater Near You


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Question: A Woods Hole 'Sonic Secret'

Glenway Fripp reveals a "sonic secret" from a corner of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. This audio snapshot comes to us from Viki Merrick at Atlantic Public Media, in association with member station WCAI on Cape Cod.

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The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Political Ads: Can't We Just Grow Up?

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Once upon a time, candidates used to appear in their own commercials. Now all the money goes to hired voices, attack ads and a mountain of sleaze. The messages are about as mature as kids razzing each other on the playground.

From gobbling down nightmarish deep-fried whatevers at state fairs to sucking up to donors, the life of a national politician is full of humbling experiences. But few components of the modern political routine were stranger, more incongruous, or more embarrassing than the Political MySpace Page. With MySpace on the decline, we are likely seeing the last of these wince-inducing attempts to combine MySpace's high-schooly vibe and assaultive, more-is-more visual aesthetic with the ostensible dignity of elected office. Click through to experience the squirm-inducing weirdness that is the Political MySpace Page. Today at TNR (August 18, 2009) Creationism For Liberals: Is Religion The Most Important Source Of Morality? by Jerry A. Coyne Allowing People To Keep Their Existing Health Care Plan Is Good Politics--But Bad Policy, by Jonathan Cohn How Big Of An Impediment Will Doctors Be To Reform? by Harold Pollack The Long, Dirty History Of Power Plants That Just Won't Die, by Bradford Plumer Meet Tim Geithner's Wall St. Consigliere: Should Lee Sachs's Influence Make Us Queasy? by Noam Scheiber


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Question: Conservationists Urge Action As African Elephants Reach Tipping Point

A study out this week says more African elephants are being killed each year than are being born. The research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences says since 2010, an average of nearly 35,000 elephants have been killed annually on the African continent. The study’s lead author, George Wittemyer of Colorado State University, told the BBC, “We are shredding the fabric of elephant society and exterminating populations across the continent.” BBC science correspondent Rebecca Morelle discusses the elephant population and what’s being done to stop poaching, with Here & Now’s Jeremy Hobson.  Editor’s Note 8/20/14: In this interview, Rebecca Morelle stated that elephants could be gone within 100 years. Some listeners wrote in to say that elephants are only 10 years away from extinction. We asked Rebecca for an explanation of the numbers, and she sent this response:  A number of organisations say that elephants have 10 years left before they vanish from Africa. But if you look at this paper – which has been peer reviewed, has 6 hugely eminent authors from some of the best research organizations in the world, is the biggest assessment of the stats to date – the data does not support this. The team concludes that from 2010, about 34,000 elephants are being killed each year. That’s about 100,000 elephants in 3 years (we don’t have full 2014 data – so let’s say that takes us up to 2013).  That works out as 7% of the elephant population being wiped out every year. Some say if you lose 7% each year, within 10-15 years elephants will be gone. But the elephant population is not static – new elephants are born, and it’s estimated that the population grows each year by about 5%. So if you want to look at the total loss, you have to take the amount dying (7%) but then factor in the amount of population growth (5%,) that  leaves a net loss of 2% averaged out across the whole of Africa. And if you lose 2% each year, within approx. 100 years, elephants will be gone. But if the poaching rate goes up, elephants will go sooner (and conversely, if it drops, they’ll have more time). There is also the issue that some areas elephants are doing worse than others. In central Africa, for example, about 60% of elephants were killed in a decade – so it’s likely that the elephants will vanish from some parts of Africa sooner in some areas.  Note: This BBC interview can be heard in the Here & Now podcast or with the WBUR app. Guest

Rebecca Morelle, global science correspondent for BBC News. She tweets @rebeccamorelle.

Good morning, here are the stories we're following today: Anti-U.S. Protests Spread; Attack Against U.S. Embassy In Yemen. (AP) Hints Of Progress In Chicago Teachers' Strike. (AP) Federal Reserve Ends Policy Meeting; Investors Wait For News On Possible Stimulus Action. (Wall Street Journal) Dutch Voters Back Pro-European Prime Minister; Centrist Leader To Form New Government. (Reuters) New U.N. Peace Envoy Arrives In Damascus, Syria. (Voice Of America) Cambodian Special Court Deems Khmer Rouge 'First Lady' Too Sick To Face Genocide Trial. (CNN) New York City Officials To Vote On Plan Reducing Super-Sized Sodas. (NBC New York) New Apple Smartphone Could Become Fastest Selling Tech Device Ever. (Businessweek) Atlantic Tropical Storm Nadine Close To Hurricane Strength, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center) New Species Of Monkey Discovered In Democratic Republic Of Congo. (Telegraph)


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Question: Understanding Technology through a Child's Eyes (Rebroadcast)

UNDERSTANDING TECHNOLOGY THROUGH A CHILD'S EYES (REBROADCAST): Kids today rarely think of 'technology' as something separate from themselves. Rather, technology is infused into everything they do and see.  So how can grown-ups rethink design ideas based on what the next generation is thinking? Tech Tuesday explores the intersection of technology and child development.  (52 min.)

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For instance, <<['represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details For instance, <<As Indonesia\'s Mount Merapi continues to erupt, the search for victims goes on.  Thousands of villagers have taken shelter in nearby Yogyakarta, but when  the danger will pass is anybody\'s guess.>>  to "Photo Gallery: Waiting For The Sky To Fall"', "NPR's Madeleine Brand speaks with Dean Yates, a Reuters correspondent in Baghdad, about an American bombing offensive in the Iraqi capital. She also speaks with NPR's Ivan Watson about the growing number of casualties resulting from a massive truck bomb at an Italian military police base in the Iraqi city of Nasiriyah."]>>  to <<['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'U.S. Attacks Targets in Baghdad, Nasiriyah Toll Rises']>>

Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)


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Question: What Does It Take To Engineer 1A?

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At the end of every 1A show, Jenn tells you about the people who make it happen. Who’s produced the program, who distributes the show, and maybe even you, the listener, in the form of an appeal to join our text club or download the app and podcast.   All of that is important.  But one of the most important credits is the one calling out 1A’s sound designer. For years, that’s been Jayk Cherry. Engineering a radio show is never easy. But the pandemic has turned it into a gauntlet of bad connections, dropped signals and fuzzy Zoom lines.   In a world where seeing each other in person is still fraught — hearing each other remotely is more important than ever. So what does it take to get a national public radio program on the air? We put that question and others to Jayk, before he leaves us to make it big in Los Angeles.

May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Question: Muslim Woman Sues OC Sheriff's Department Over Headscarf Removal

Adolfo Guzman-Lopez: An observant Muslim woman alleges in a federal lawsuit filed today that Orange County Sheriff's deputies unlawfully forced her to remove her headscarf while she was in custody. KPCC's Adolfo Guzman-Lopez reports.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

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Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: The 150 Greatest Albums Made By Women

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The inaugural season of Turning the Tables, the list that started it all, is an intervention, a remedy, a correction of the historical record that puts women at the center of popular music.


Question: House Signs Off on Vouchers for D.C. Students

The House approves a voucher plan that provides private-school tuition for low-income students in Washington, D.C. The measure receives bicameral support for the first time; a similar plan passed a Senate committee earlier this week. Hear NPR's Claudio Sanchez.


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Question: Assange's Lawyers Say His Extradition Could Mean The Death Penalty

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In legal papers released, today, lawyers for Julian Assange argue that if the WikiLeaks founder is extradited from Britain to Sweden, he could eventually be extradited to the U.S. and end up in Guantanamo or facing the death penalty. CNN reports:  "There is a real risk he could be made subject to the death penalty," Assange lawyers say in documents they released Tuesday, citing British media reports[link was added by us] that Republican politicians Sarah Palin and Mike Huckabee have called for him to be executed. The lawyers released a preliminary outline of their planned arguments Tuesday, ahead of an extradition hearing for Assange next month.  In the legal papers, lawyers argue that under Swedish law "mere suspicion" of a crime is not reason enough for extradition. Authorities are seeking to bring Assange to Sweden in order to question him in connection with allegations of sexual misconduct. The New York Times reports that for the first time, the names of the alleged victims were made public, which could prove a crime under Swedish laws. Assange, reports the Times, also made a statement after the hearing:  “Our work with WikiLeaks continues unabated and we are stepping up our publishing for matters relating to Cablegate and other materials,” Mr. Assange said after Tuesday’s 10-minute hearing, using the organization’s term for State Department documents. “Those will shortly be appearing through our newspaper partners throughout the world,” he said, without elaborating on the content of the threatened disclosures. In recent weeks the flow of new documents has slowed to a trickle.

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Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

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Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: From A February 9th Concert

From a February 9th concert in Los Alamos, New Mexico, cellist Anner Bylsma (AH-ner BILS-mah) and pianist Malcolm Bilson perform the Sonata in C for Cello and Continuo by Luigi Boccherini. (Paul Blakemore Audio, Santa Fe)

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: North Dakota Prison Officials Think Outside The Box To Revamp Solitary Confinement

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There are slightly more than 2 million people incarcerated in the United States — that's nearly equal to the entire population of Houston.  Among those prisoners, thousands serve time in solitary confinement, isolated in small often windowless cells for 22 to 24 hours a day. Some remain isolated for weeks, months or even years.  "You're shut off from the world and you wait," says Olay Silva, a 41-year-old inmate serving time in Bismarck, N.D.'s maximum-security prison. Silva spent six months in solitary after he was involved in a stabbing. "You just sit there and wait."     The old prison philosophy  Solitary confinement goes by many names: the hole, isolation, protective custody, the SHU (special housing unit).  Whatever the name, it's designed purpose is to punish disruptive inmates who break rules and to keep the prison safe by removing them from the general population.  In recent years, there has been a growing consensus that the practice is cruel and ineffective. North Dakota is one state changing its ways.  During a tour of the state penitentiary in Bismarck, Chief of Security Joe Charvat walks over to the West Wing and gestures toward the solid doors that close off the entrance of each cell.  "This area used to house our administrative segregation unit which has since been moved to another area," he explains.  "Administrative segregation" used to be the prison system's name for solitary confinement. In those days, there was little contact between corrections officers and those behind the doors.  Warden Colby Braun says for years, North Dakota's isolation unit operated just like many others.  "It was 23 hours a day lock down. So you had one hour of recreation a day including showers. That was for five days a week," he says. "So on the weekends you were generally locked down for 24 hours... you were in your cell, you do not come out for any reason." The European influence  Now things are different. There's much more recreation time for inmates in solitary. Prisoners spend several hours learning new skills. And they also focus on changing their behavior.  Leann Bertsch is behind all the changes. She's North Dakota's director of corrections and rehabilitation, and president of the Association of State Correctional Administrators, which tracks how prison systems are reducing the use of isolation.  Her inspiration came after a trip to Norway organized by U.S. prison reform groups. Bertsch called it a defining moment and decided to speed up reforms already in the works for the state's prison system.     "There's such an overemphasis on punishment and punitiveness," Bertsch says. "You know Norway talks about punishment that works and when they mean it to work, it's to actually make society safer by getting people to be law-abiding individuals and desist from future reoffending." North Dakota prison officials met to figure out how to do that in the United States. Bertsch says they worked to define what could land people in segregated housing in the first place.  "There were a lot of different behaviors that could get you in before so we really narrowed it down," she says. They dropped minor infractions like talking back to a corrections officer, and created a top 10 list of dangerous behaviors, such as serious assault, using a weapon and murder. The new name for the prison's segregated housing became Behavior Intervention Unit (BIU). Clinical Director Lisa Peterson says the goal is to help people succeed after they leave, as it was clear the old way wasn't working.  "The idea that somebody is just going to sit there and think about what they did and magically know how to handle a situation differently in the future is not accurate. So we have to be pro-active in helping people know how to change," Peterson says.  The state penitentiary in Bismarck can house about 800 inmates. They are mostly white. Native Americans make up the largest minority population. In late 2015 when North Dakota started changing its solitary confinement practice, there were 80 to 90 people in isolation. In late June of this year, there were only about 20.  The people in the unit go through a mental health screening to determine in part if they have any suicidal thoughts. They participate in group therapeutic sessions, and learn skills, such as how to cope with anger. As correctional officers make their rounds, they talk with inmates about how they're doing. Instead of just writing up an inmate for any negative behavior, officers also write "positive behavior reports" for any positive activity they notice. Skill building and rapport building are big at the prison now.  Solitary's impact  In the BIU, Cell 102 is empty. The door has a long vertical window plus a slot for food. Warden Braun walks in and sits on the slim mattress on top of the metal bed. In the room, there's also a metal toilet and sink, a small metal desk and seat.   What's surprisingly different is that there also are several electrical outlets in the room. Some prisoners

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For example, '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "While Americans are demanding to know who spread the malicious rumor that Christine O'Donnell endorsed Mitt Romney — sounds like a DNC dirty trick to me — I have better things to focus on.  Like preparing this week's ScuttleButton puzzle.  And wondering who will figure it out. As you know, the rules are pretty simple.  Every      Wednesday on this site I put up a      vertical display of buttons.    Your    job is to simply take one word      (or   concept)  per  button, add      'em up, and,     hopefully, you     will  arrive at a   famous   name  or  a familiar expression. (And        seriously,  by familiar, I mean it's something          that      more than  one       person  on Earth would  recognize.) For        years, a    correct   answer chosen at    random would get his or     her    name   posted in this   column, an  incredible honor in itself.      Now the    stakes are  even  higher.   Thanks  to the efforts of the    folks  at Talk of the Nation, that person also  hears their name mentioned on the Wednesday show and receives a Political Junkie t-shirt in the bargain.  Is this a great country or what? You can't  use the   comments box at the bottom  of  the page    for your answer.  Send   submission (plus your   name and   city/state — you   won't   win without that) to  politicaljunkie@npr.org. And,         by adding your name to    the Political                  Junkie mailing list,   you  will be among the first on your  block to               receive notice       about the column and the puzzle.  Sign up  at politicaljunkie@npr.org.          Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new        Junkie   post goes up by clicking here. Good                           luck! By            the way, I      usually reveal the answer — and announce the       winner  —     on   Wednesday's Junkie segment on TOTN.  So you  should      get your    answer   in by   Tuesday. Here's the answer to last week's puzzle: Throw the Bum Out (pic of Nixon) Organize To Fight! — Anti-Richard Nixon button, probably around 1973. I Was There / Election Night (photo Bill Clinton) / Little Rock, Ark. — The winner of the 1992 presidential election. B 4 Burdick — Quentin Burdick, a Democrat, was elected to the Senate from North Dakota in a special 1960 election. Charlie for President (picture of a tuna) — Charlie was the mascot for Starkist Tuna, circa 1964. So, when you combine Bum + Bill + B + Tuna,    you    kinda get   ... Bumblebee Tuna.  And there's no reason for this puzzle whatsoever, except that I had just opened a can of Bumblebee Tuna when I thought of doing this as a ScuttleButton puzzle.  Who says I can't cook? And the winner, chosen completely at random, is ... Charlie Slack of Medina, N.Y. The fact that a Charlie won the Charlie Tuna ScuttleButton is a coincidence, I promise.  Really, I didn't do it on porpoise.  More importantly, Charlie (the person) gets a TOTN t-shirt."]' should be close to '['', "It's ScuttleButton Time!"]'

Good Thursday morning, here are our early stories: In Israel And Gaza Strip: More Explosions, Deaths On Both Sides. BP Expected To Plead Guilty, Pay Record Fine In Gulf Oil Spill Criminal Case. And here are more headlines: Gen. Petraeus Agrees To Testify Before Congress On Benghazi Attack. (Los Angeles Times) Home Foreclosures Up In Oct., But Fall From Last Year's Level. (Reuters) Eurozone Countries Plunge Back Into Recession. (BBC) Ill Indian Woman Denied Abortion In Ireland, Dies. (AFP) Colorado Theater Shooting Suspect In Hospital After Ramming Head Into Jail Wall. (Denver Post) States Face Friday Deadline On Whether To Run Health Insurance Exchanges. (McClatchy Newspapers) Ecuador To Kill Millions Of Rats To Preserve Galapagos Islands Rare Species. (AP) World's Biggest Liar Contest Coming In England: Politicians, Lawyers Not Allowed. (AP)


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Question: Fed Cuts Interest Rates

NPR's John Ydstie reports the Federal Reserve cut two key interest rates by a quarter percentage point each today. Stock prices soared after news of the reduced interest rates in late afternoon trading.

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Citrus Growers Peg Losses at Over $800 Million. Regulators Hit Up Retailers for Pesticide Fees. End Music.


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Question: Animals Make Us Human

In 2003, I did a story for Day to Day about doggie well-being. One of the folks I interviewed for that piece was none other than Cesar Millan -- the Dog Whisperer. This was long before his TV show or his line of pet food and toys... I remember going out shortly before the break of dawn with Cesar and about 15 large dogs -- an assortment of Rottweilers, Pitbulls and German Shepards. Cesar had these dogs utterly under his control. They were obedient and well behaved. Cesar told me that you had to be the PACK LEADER in order to have control over your dogs. And that seemed to make a lot of sense to me. But then I picked up Temple Grandin's new book, "Animals Make Us Human". The book looks at the different emotional state of animals and how you can create a better emotional environments for them. In her chapter on dogs, Grandin points out that Cesar Millan's philosophy of being the pack leader works well in his situation -- where there are more than a dozen dogs of different breeds who may be prone to fighting living together. But, she points out, most dogs aren't living in this sort of situation. In households where there are just one or two dogs, it may be more appropriate for the human to be a PARENT, not a pack leader. "A good parent sets limits and teaches his kids how to behave nicely," Grandin writes, "and that's exactly what dogs need, too." Grandin goes on to give a few examples of how to teach manners to your dogs. She recommends teaching your dog patience by making him or her wait a few moments before going out for a walk. I've been trying this out with Sadie, a Golden Retreiver Chow mix we adopted a few months ago. Sadie gets INCREDIBLY excited every time she sees me put on my sneakers because she knows that means it's time for her chance to go out in the world. Lately, I've been making her contain that excitement by sitting and staying for at least 20 - 30 seconds before we head out. And, as Grandin suggests, it does seem to make her much calmer when we head out on a stroll. Temple Grandin suggests that dogs need at least an hour of exercise or play per day. As a rule of thumb, she says 30 minutes of walking, 15 minutes of playing and 15 minutes of learning new tricks. Our editor, Jason DeRose makes sure his dog gets much more than that (though Jason says he's not much for tricks). "Ajax attends Doggie Day Care near our home in Santa Monica," says Jason. So, he gets plenty of walks and playtime during the day. He's usually tired after hours with his friends and spends the evenings sleeping on a big leather chair in the living room. But Jason notes that on days when Ajax doesn't attend daycare, he can be a little agitated by nightfall even if he's had several long walks. "We've found that a little tug-o-war right before bed helps Ajax relax."

A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: Reagan's Casket Arrives at the Capitol

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After a day's journey, the casket of President Ronald Wilson Reagan arrives on the grounds of the U.S. Capitol. An official ceremony will mark the start of a period when Reagan's body will lie in state in the Rotunda, in the building's center. Hear NPR's Andrea Seabrook.

Good morning - here are some of the leading headlines we're following today: 'Picture Perfect Launch' For Private Rocket Headed To Space Station. Deal Reached On Probe Of Iran's Nuclear Program, IAEA Chief Says. Memorial Walk, Moment Of Silence Planned For Joplin On First Anniversary Of Devastating Tornado. (Joplin Globe) Jurors In John Edwards Corruption Trial Begin Third Day Of Deliberations. (Reuters) Images Show North Korea Conducts Unknown Activity At Nuclear Test Site. (CNN) Myanmar Opposition Leader Aung San Suu Kyi Will Address U.N. Labor Conference Next Month In Switzerland. (AP) 2 Protesters Die In Lebanon At Funeral Of Murdered Anti-Syrian Cleric; 5 Killed In Syrian Bombing. (VOA) Four Perish Climbing Everest, One Missing While Dozens More Continue Toward Summit (ABC) Oklahoma City Defeats Los Angeles To Reach NBA Western Conference Finals; 8 Wounded In Oklahoma City Violence After Victory. (Oklahoman) Man Survives Suicide Attempt After Leaping Into Niagara Falls. (USA Today)


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Question: Interview: Thurston Moore Of Sonic Youth

Thurston Moore is a musician who, aside from being in the legendary band Sonic Youth, has collaborated with everyone from Glenn Branca to Lydia Lunch to Mike Watt. Moore is also a writer, poet, ardent supporter of bold weirdos and fiery rockers, and owner of Ecstatic Peace Records. It was announced recently that an offshoot of the label — Ecstatic Peace Library — will begin publishing art books in 2010. Sonic Youth became one of my favorite bands in 1991. I saw the group play in Seattle, with Nirvana and STP opening. The whole time I watched Thurston play, I kept thinking: A guitar is the weapon, a guitar is the quill. That same year, on a family trip to Maine, my aunt was so impressed by the cover of SY's record Goo that she bizarrely faxed the artwork to a handful of friends. Sonic Youth had broken through to my relatives, and its music made me feel audacious enough to begin my own process of breaking away. The dozen or so times that I've been fortunate enough to see Moore play music — either with SY or solo — it's been all angles and attack, beauty and restlessness. I always leave feeling inspired. This interview took place over email. CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: Does the end of this decade feel important, or like nothing at all? If it does feel different, how does it feel different than the culmination of other decades? THURSTON MOORE: I don't even think of the 2000s or whatever it's called as a specific decade, really. The decades of the last century each had such significant cultural developments, I feel like there's some kind of worldwide exhaustion to event-charged identity. But regardless of that, I do feel like this past decade was really the birth of Internet culture, as lousy as that sounds. Everything everyone does in communication, music, art, literature and activism is part and parcel to the Internet. That's undeniably big. I think the overall sense is that it is still nascent, and that the forthcoming decades are going to look at this time as "quaint." CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: What was there before YouTube? THURSTON MOORE: What was there before eBay? The effect these instant-gratification systems have on our daily life as consumptive animals is one where the hunter stays home and gets fat so the punk-rock hordes can roll him/her over and make way for killer rock 'n' roll. Thurston Moore "The Shape Is In A Trance" from Trees Outside The Academy (Ecstatic Peace): Read More >> CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: How can we reconcile our nostalgic yearnings with new technologies, when in some ways they replace what we used to know and how we used to experience music? THURSTON MOORE: I don't think they so much replace as reconfigure. Nothing can replace the aesthetic heft of an LP, or the sensual comfort of analog grooves being so charged by the physical friction of a diamond stylus. Hush Arbors "Devil Made You High" from Yankee Reality (Ecstatic Peace): CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: What is your favorite means, method or context for listening to recorded music? THURSTON MOORE: Sometimes I like it live and I like it fast, and sometimes I like it mixed and I like it weird. CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: What's the last band or artist you discovered while shopping for records? THURSTON MOORE: The last couple of years, I've been delving into the sub-world of international black-metal records, and every once in a while will hit on something so genuinely bizarro, without any purposeful notion to be as such, that I want to run away and change my name and reappear as a demon noise lover. CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: What's the last band or artist you discovered from listening to an MP3? THURSTON MOORE: Someone just sent me MP3s of this Australian band Sherlock's Daughter, which was pretty sweet. CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: In a time when one can easily manipulate an album's sequence, or bypass the purchase of an album and buy only one or two songs, how does that affect the process of making and sequencing an album? Why is it still important for musicians to put out albums and make artwork for that album? Or is it not important? THURSTON MOORE: I want to make an album that can be looked at as either an audio experience, be it CD or vinyl (or both) incorporated into a book, which would also include a film presentation (DVD) — and make it beautiful as an object. I like feeling and smelling and looking at records and books as much as, if not more than, actually hearing/seeing/reading them. Samara Lubelski "Field the Mine" from Future Slip (Ecstatic Peace) Produced by Thurston Moore: CARRIE BROWNSTEIN: You have always been someone who has approached music and art from multiple perspectives and via various media. Lately, it seems like many musicians are in multiple bands. In this day and age, is there less of a need or a viability in having one singular project? Or, have musicians always cross-pollinated and we just have more access to them now? How have your other projects helped with the longevity and creative output of Sonic Youth? THURSTON MOORE: SY is a democratic band i


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Question: Week In Politics: Trump Sticks To His Guns, Carson Heads Out On A Trip

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David Brooks of The New York Times and Amy Sullivan of Yahoo News discuss the 2016 presidential race, Francois Hollande's visit to the White House and Republican threats to shut down the government over a potential climate deal.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Wednesday's  Web 'Blackout' By Wikipedia, Others: Right Way To Protest? -- Hopes  Are Fading For Missing In Italian Cruise Ship Disaster. -- Fuel  Is Flowing To Nome Through Half-Mile Hose Laid Over Ice. -- Egypt's  Wael Ghonim: 'Revolutions Are Processes ... It Will Take Time.' Other stories in the news: -- " 'Food Stamp President': Race Code, Or Just Politics?" (Morning Edition) -- "Romney On Defense From GOP Rivals In S.C. Debate." (The Associated Press) -- "S&P Extends Gains, Rises Above 1,300." (Reuters)


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Question: W. Germany Social Revolution

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NPR's Edward Lifson reports on the ongoing repercussions of the 1968 social revolution in West Germany, which brought the nation the women's movement, a more democratic university system, less formality in the workplace and new grass roots movements.

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Jocks Who Fail, And The Fans Who Can't Love Them

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Charlie Sheen, the star of the popular sitcom Two And A Half Men, was involved in domestic violence in December and is now in rehab. Perhaps you've also heard tell about a famous athlete who has suffered somewhat of the same experience over these past few months.  What I find interesting, though, is that Sheen has issued no apology whatsoever, nor has there been any hue and cry that he conduct a public press conference, answer all and sundry questions and jolly well explain himself to the indignant entertainment media — or else.  Now, granted, Tiger Woods is a whole lot bigger in his profession than Sheen is in his. But these two current examples are quite representative of how differently athletes and other celebrities are valued.  When an entertainment figure — be it Sheen, David Letterman, Li'l Kim, whoever — gets in trouble, scandalous or criminal, there's plenty of publicity, of course. But the star's offense never seems to reflect on his whole profession. There's no weeping and wailing that these scoundrels have let show business down.  Not so with naughty athletes. Their sins invariably are taken to reflect on sport — especially their sport. Nowhere have I read that Sheen has been criticized for damaging the professional life and livelihood of the many people who work on his TV show. But, for example, when Gilbert Arenas of the Washington Wizards was suspended for stupidly exhibiting an arsenal of weapons in the locker room, much of the condemnation directed at him related to the fact that he had selfishly hurt his team. How dare he!  Being in an individual sport, Woods cannot be accused of letting a mere team down.  Rather, the accusations are larger, that he has blemished the whole dear sport of golf. Now that he has put on the hair shirt and is off attending to his personal plight, the overriding question has become, how can this ungrateful dastard make it up to golf?  Well, leaving aside the rather significant fact that, by virtue of his genius and popularity, Woods has given to golf far more than he could ever harm it with his personal irresponsibility, what does he — what does any athlete — owe his sport any more than any other employee owes his profession?  The answer, by all accounts, seems to be: a lot more.  We love sports, and we're envious of those who play them so well. So when an athlete, like Woods, fails as a human being, we respond more with anger than disappointment, that he has dared tarnish something we do so adore.  It's almost as if we expect politicians and entertainment celebrities to be venal and flawed, but despite all historical evidence to the contrary, we keep expecting better from athletes. We keep saying that Woods has let golf down — because we don't want to admit that he has let us down.

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Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


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Question: The Black Keys 'Turn Blue': The All Songs Interview

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Dan Auerbach and Patrick Carney unpack the expansive, irresistibly catchy sound of their eighth studio album — featuring new adventures in sampling, falsetto and epic guitar shredding.

This blog was conceived as a way for us to tell listeners about any music, videos or thoughts that excite us but can't fit into a weekly half-hour podcast. But there's a lot that goes on at other parts of NPR Music that excites us, too. Digging through everything the site has to offer can take time, though, so we'll publish a post like this periodically in an effort to keep readers up to date. Here's a list of our top picks:  Hammock Jams: Party in Your Backyard Here's Your Late Pass: Right Music, Wrong Time (Monitor Mix) First Listen: Regina Spektor, 'Far' Heat Wave: A Summertime Mix Metric in Concert Dirty Projectors: Balancing Head and Heart (CD review) Vocal Styles: Whiny, Tiny, or Just Fine-y (Monitor Mix) White Rabbits: Something Novel (Song of the Day)


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Question: The challenge of affordable housing

As the Metropolitan Council requires Twin Cities communities to build thousands of units of affordable housing, cities and residents raise concerns about sharing the burden and the opportunity.

How the once fairly-stable business of public utilities is changing.


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Question: Nobel Peace Prize Winner Wangari Matthai

A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize-winning biologist Wangari Matthai. (pre-recorded)

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Stories: 1) Veteran Peacemakers O'Malley, Maharaj on Iraq 2) Nuala O'Faolain, Journalist and Author, Dead at 68


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Question: The success of The Simpsons TV show

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Why The Simpson's remain so popular. Tomorrow the Simpson's first feature film opens in theaters. This follows 18-seasons on the Fox Network making it the longest running sitcom on American TV. We'll talk about how this show has not only changed the television industry, but also has become so ingrained in American pop-culture. Our guest is MATT McALLISTER who wrote the latest entry on The Simpson for the Encyclopedia of Television. He is an associate professor of film, video and media at Pennsylvania State University.

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Meadows was a regular on TVs Saturday Night Live for some 9 years. Leon the Ladies Man, a swingin politically incorrect radio love doctor that he played on the show, is featured in the film The Ladies Man which is now out on video.


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Question: First Listen: Steve Gunn, 'Way Out Weather'

It can take many years and several albums for artists to fully test the limits of their creativity. Guitarist Steve Gunn fits into that category; over the past decade and a half, his records have gravitated slowly from inward-facing reflections built around his hypnotic acoustic guitar work to fleshed-out works that feature a growing cast of musicians. His last record, Time Off, was performed by a trio and veered toward pop structures. Cozy and warm like an old bookstore, it was the work of someone who's learned how to give himself room to breathe. While its cover featured a collection of overlaid photographs littered with flower petals, Way Out Weather depicts a mysterious mess of brightly colored debris. Behind it lies an expansive field and the open horizon, ripe for exploration. Way Out Weather marks the completion of Gunn's transformation from a master guitarist into a songwriter who can trust in his own voice and arrangements as much as his spectacular fretwork. He's thrown open the windows and let the light in, as he embraces pristine, lush production that makes guitars sparkle and drums crack. Way Out Weather finds Gunn setting out to explore the world, but not everything he sees is to his liking. Although the songs' intertwining guitars evoke the pastoral, they often operate as a foil for the urgent observations that work their way into Way Out Weather. Harsh winds, dead soil, hellish heat; the products of a changing climate appear throughout. These worrisome signs stretch beyond the environmental: In "Milly's Garden," Gunn looks toward someone whose "faith is savage" and whose "mind is damaged," while on "Shadow Bros," he pursues something to "relax your mind." But if Gunn is distressed by what he's found on his journeys, he never suggests panic. His voice has never sounded stronger, as he glides effortlessly between an airy croon and an earthy baritone. Way Out Weather concludes with its biggest surprise: Gunn's heaviest track to date, "Tommy's Congo" is a jungle of whirling, thumping percussion that churns beneath a spiraling, angular guitar riff. It bears little resemblance to anything else Gunn has recorded, and it's a gorgeous farewell: a testament to Gunn's adventurous spirit and a reminder that we have no idea where we might find him next.

On this week's New Music Friday, All Songs Considered's Robin Hilton talks to NPR Music guests Ann Powers and Stephen Thompson about the essential new releases for July 27, including the jangly guitar pop of Tony Molina, a celebration of queerness and the company we keep from Thin Lips and whimsical sing-a-longs from Raffi. Featured on this Episode  Israel Nash: Lifted Featured Song: "Rolling On" Phantastic Ferniture: Phantastic Ferniture Featured Song: "Bad Timing" Thin Lips: Chosen Family Featured Songs: "Chosen Family" and "Gaslight Anthem (The Song Not The Band)" Tony Molina: Kill the Lights Featured Song: "Nothing I Can Say" Raffi: Dog on the Floor Featured Song: "Play Play Play" Cody Jinks: Lifers Featured Song: "Head Case  Other notable releases for July 27: Daniel Bachman: The Morning Star, Thou: Rhea Sylvia, Astronauts Etc.: Living In Symbol


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Question: New Mexico Proposes Free Tuition For All State Colleges

New Mexico is proposing that all state colleges become tuition-free for students, regardless of family income. How will the state pay for it? Oil revenues.

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Tulare County Approves New Dairies. Drunk Driving Crackdown Planned for Holidays. Health Care Access a Priority for 2007, But Who Will Get It?. End Music.


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Question: San Diego Couple Arrested For Bare-Butt Photos At Buddhist Temple In Thailand

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['Represent the input.', 'Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.\nThe initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]'] == ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR:', 'Health Care Financing Initiative Filed']

It's one vacation selfie that Joseph and Travis Dasilva won't soon forget. The American couple, who The Los Angeles Times describes as "minor Instagram celebrities from San Diego," snapped a photo of their exposed buttocks at Bangkok's Wat Arun, or "Temple of Dawn," one of the country's most popular tourist landmarks. According to the Times, the two were apparently hoping to get some exposure for their feed, titled "Traveling Butts." Since deleted, the account had 14,000 followers apparently interested or amused at seeing the Dasilvas bare their behinds at tourist sites around the world. The San Diego Union Tribune quotes M.G. Perez, a friend of the Dasilvas, as saying, "That's how they express themselves artistically." But signs advise tourists to "dress modestly" while on the temple grounds, and Thai authorities frown on such antics. As the couple was preparing to board a plane at Bangkok's Don Mueang airport on Tuesday night to leave the country, they were stopped by police and taken into custody. Police Col. Jarupat Thongkomol said Wednesday that both confessed and had been fined 5,000 baht ($150) for "getting naked in public." That might not be the end of it, however. According to The Bangkok Post, in an article headlined "Serious charges await bare-butts Americans," more charges are forthcoming "because they posted their photos on the internet and took photos of their naked body parts at a religious site." The Post says they could be charged with violating the computer crime law for posting pornography online and breaching a law governing behavior "at a religious place that insults the religion." Those offenses are more serious than the original charge of public indecency – together they could cost up to $4,000 and anywhere from one to seven years in jail. Even so, Col. Choengron Rimpadee, deputy spokesman with the Thai immigration police, suggests that the two are unlikely to receive the harshest punishment, telling the BBC: "Once they are through with the charges, the Thai immigration police will revoke their visas and push for deportation," adding that they would also be blacklisted from returning to Thailand. The San Diego Gay and Lesbian News quotes San Diego City Commissioner Nicole Murray-Ramirez as saying the men had contacted him for help. "Though I am very disappointed in their actions, I am talking to U.S. government officials to see what assistance we can give them," he told the website. As the Times points out:  "The Dasilvas join the ranks of several Western tourists who have been detained for inappropriate behavior at sacred Southeast Asian sites in recent years. In 2015, Cambodian authorities arrested, fined and deported two American women for taking partially nude photos at Angkor Wat, the famous temple complex. "In June 2015, Malaysian authorities detained four Canadian, Dutch and German tourists for posing naked atop the country's sacred Mt. Kinabalu. They were sentenced to three days in jail and fined."

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Good morning, we're looking at these stories today: Assad Names New Prime Minister, Fighting Continues In Aleppo. Done In a Day: China Wraps Up Murder Trial Of Once-Prominent Politician's Wife. Gunmen Attack Egyptian Police Station In Sinai; Follows Militant Attack On Egyptian Border Post. (UPI) George Zimmerman To Seek New 'Stand Your Ground' Hearing In Case Of Shooting Of Treyvon Martin. (Central Florida News) Home Foreclosures Fell In July, But More Homes Started The Foreclosure Process. (Philadelphia Inquirer) U.S. Assists In Agent Orange Cleanup Project In Vietnam. (Reuters) Russia's Prime Minister To Publically Blame Officials Responsible For Failed Satellite Launch. (RIA Novosti) Sick American Rescued From Antarctica Research Station, Flown To New Zealand. (ABC) Homeless Miami Man Describes Cannibalistic Attack That Destroyed Parts Of His Face. (Miami Herald) Oscar Pistorious, South African 'Blade Runner', Denied Chance To Run In Olympic Relay. (BBC)


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Question: Hands Up Don't Shoot: Thoughts From The Mizzou Photog Blocked During Protest

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This week, anti-racism demonstrations at the University of Missouri's flagship campus in Columbia have been front and center in the news. One of the newsmakers was a journalist covering the story who inadvertently became part of it. Tim Tai, a senior journalism student, was covering the aftermath of the resignation of Mizzou's president, Tim Wolfe. Members of #ConcernedStudent1950 had gathered on the Carnahan Quadrangle, not far from the tent encampment they had declared a "safe space" from the race-based aggressions many say they have been subjected to for months. The announcement of Wolfe's resignation prompted cheers, hugs and tears from the black students and their allies who'd called for Wolfe to step down after he failed to act on a number of complaints of racially insensitive behavior. Shortly after, the students declared their part of the quad a no-media zone and told reporters to go away. Tai remained outside their circle, but began taking photos of the human chain that had formed around the encampment. The resulting confrontation with the students and their adult supporters escalated from waving hands in front of Tai's camera to pushing up against him, all the while demanding that he leave. A video of the confrontation, of Tai trying to explain to the students that the First Amendment protects the rights of him and the students to occupy the same ground, and their angry response, went viral almost overnight. The confrontation has raised questions far beyond Mizzou about several important journalistic issues: how the media covers communities of color; whether having the legal right to document an event is balanced by a moral right to carefully and respectfully approach communities that are often marginalized and misreported on; and whether one should continue to take photos if the subjects of the story adamantly object. KBIA reporter Bram Sable-Smith talked with Tai after the dust was settling and asked him about many of those issues. Tai says he has no animus toward the students — he's a student, too, and he knows how overwhelming all the attention has been. "Dealing with the aftermath of this has been far more stressful than covering any protests," he told Sable-Smith. One thing he says he feels badly about is the widespread vilification of the students that has flooded social media. "I think there's a difference between holding people accountable for their actions and sending them nasty messages and threats."

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Stories: 1) A Year Later, Journalist Reflects On Iranian Unrest 2) Nazi Noir Ventures To Havana In 'Dead Rise Not'


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

What if everyone who was in this country illegally decided to try their hand at solving ScuttleButton each week? Would they be able to stay? Would that be considered "amnesty?" Those questions gnawed at me as I put together the latest puzzle. ScuttleButton, of course, is that once-a-week waste of time exercise in which each Monday or Tuesday (or, as some like to call today, "Thursday") I put up a vertical display of buttons on this site. Your job is to simply take one word (or concept) per button, add 'em up, and, hopefully, you will arrive at a famous name or a familiar expression. (And seriously, by familiar, I mean it's something that more than one person on Earth would recognize.) For years, a correct answer chosen at random would get his or her name posted in this column, an incredible honor in itself. Now the stakes are even higher. Thanks to the efforts of the folks at Talk of the Nation, that person also hears their name mentioned on the Wednesday show (by me) and receives a Political Junkie t-shirt in the bargain. Is this a great country or what? You can't use the comments box at the bottom of the page for your answer. Send submission (plus your name and city/state — you won't win without that) to politicaljunkie@npr.org. (Why do people keep forgetting to include their name and city/state?) And, by adding your name to the Political Junkie mailing list, you will be among the first on your block to receive notice about the column and the puzzle. Sign up at politicaljunkie@npr.org. Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new Junkie post goes up by clicking here. Good luck! By the way, I always announce the winner on Wednesday's Junkie segment on TOTN. But with it now less than a week until the next show, your window for getting your answer in is smaller. Here are the buttons used and the answer to last week's puzzle: I Survived Ken Rudin's First 50 — A friend made this button under the ridiculous assumption that Ken Rudin could possibly be that old. Viva Che — Che Guevara was the South American revolutionary and key figure in bringing Fidel Castro to power in Cuba in 1959. He was captured and executed by Bolivian forces in 1967. two hands holding up a dove — Familiar peace button during the Vietnam War, circa 1967. Pro worker/pro union/I'm voting Gray Davis — Davis, a Democrat, was elected governor of California in 1998 and re-elected in 2002; the following year, he was ousted in a recall campaign that brought us Arnold Schwarzenegger. So, when you combine 50 + Che + dove + Gray, you may just very well end up with ... Fifty Shades of Grey. The 2011 erotic best seller that is, by some accounts, steamier than my Political Junkie column. OK, yes, I kinda cheated with this one. Literally, the buttons say 50 SHADE of Grey, not Shades. But given the answer to the puzzle, you can't possibly expect me to be ashamed I altered the rules. Anyway, the winner, chosen completely at random, is ... Becky Howard of North Syracuse, N.Y. Becky gets not only the coveted Political Junkie t-shirt — but the Official No Prize Button as well! And don't forget to check out this week's Political Junkie column, which focuses on the end of the love affair between the Republican Party and Hillary Clinton, as well as the breakup between Fox News and Sarah Palin. (Plus, updates on the suddenly-open Senate seats in Iowa and Georgia.) Click here to read the column.

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: It's a Bird! It's A Plane! It's Amazon!; The Holy Doorman; Father Stealthmas.


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Question: December 07, 2007 - Iraq, Australia, Russia, and India

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Iraqi refugess return home, Russia talks about its political future, and abadoned wives in India.

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Somebody's Waterloo, Joystick Justice, and Gay Times In New York.


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Question: Hustle Is A Political Act: Michelle Obama's SXSW Keynote Shifted The Spotlight

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For instance, <<['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', "After weeks of reports that Russia is violating a nuclear arms treaty with the U.S., the Pentagon says that is indeed the case. Top nuclear arms officials are telling Congress that Moscow is deploying prohibited intermediate range nuclear weapons that could be used to attack Europe. It's another nuclear headache for a new administration also grappling with defiant nuclear weapons moves by North Korea."]>>  to "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Pentagon Confirms Russia Violated Nuclear Arms Treaty']"

The most meme-able moment of Michelle Obama's keynote event at yesterday's South by Southwest conference and festival came when she responded to a question from her friend Queen Latifah by crooning a few bars of the Motown weeper "It's So Hard to Say Goodbye to Yesterday." The novelty of a first lady singing (and doing so well enough that Latifah suggested she make a single soon) was charming, if not entirely fresh; after all, Obama has rapped with Jay Pharoah, danced to Beyonce and lip-synced with Ayesha and Steph Curry. What did feel notable was the comfort with which she broke into song, and the associations both her song choice and her presence as a keynote speaker for a music convention made. The song, like the day's roundtable discussion in general, place the genial #FLOTUS within a certain historical moment while embodying a circle of empowerment that promises to extend well beyond her time in the White House. The moment is the hip-hop era, embodied by the rapper-turned-singer-actress Latifah and by Missy Elliott, who made a rare speaking appearance at the first lady's request. The contemporary context is the entertainment milieu that hip-hop has forever changed. "To have written 'Ladies First' and be sitting with the first lady ... it's surreal," said Latifah, who was an enthusiastic and equanimous moderator throughout the session. In Obama's vision, however, this meeting of minds across the space between the world of beats and rhymes and politics — a meeting centered around conversation among three African-American women — was not a dream. It stood for the reality emerging as she and her husband prepare to leave the White House, one in which hip-hop's influence on the American vernacular is generally appreciated, and significant energy is being expended to acknowledge women's influence on hip-hop, and on popular culture in general. Michelle Obama's hip-hop era is also the Oprah era, a time in which women have gained enormous influence by dominating channels that the male-dominated political scene did not always recognize as serious, like daytime and television and mainstream pop music. While that other Lady O was not present in Austin, her spirit, grounded in the optimistic belief that entertainment can be uplifting and that listening to ordinary women can make a difference, permeated the roundtable. The keynote's two other participants were also in the culture industry: the actress Sophia Bush, known for her role in One Tree Hill, a show beloved by teenage girls; and Diane Warren, the mega-successful songwriter behind hits for divas like Celine Dion and that multivalent mainstay, Beyonce. Warren, whose co-write with Lady Gaga, "Til It Happens to You," addressed the tough subject of rape and was nominated for an Academy Award, recently penned the charity single "This Is for My Girls" to benefit Obama's Let Girls Learn education initiative, which provided a focus for this roundtable. Bush is known for using social media to promote causes ranging from environmentalism to marriage equality. By convening this gathering, placing herself among women whose power originates in their work as culture-makers, Obama made a strong statement about how pop can influence social consciousness: "Right now, you're practicing utilizing your power," she said to the audience of aspiring musicians and music-biz professionals, congenially challenging them to think of this week's South by Southwest hustle as a political act. This made sense for Obama, whose insistence that she will never run for president was underscored by her assertion that she can accomplish more beyond the realm of electoral politics. She has often used music to promote her initiatives, so often focused on youth. She does so to reach her daughters' generation, but also because taking music seriously is fundamental to her own generation, the post-soul babies who listened to Stevie Wonder as children (Obama recalled receiving his Talking Book from an uncle as a grade-schooler and how the album pushed her to "think about how you could affect the world") and found inspiration in the rhymes of conscious rappers like KRS-One. One agenda this roundtable fulfilled was placing women at the center of that musical history. Elliott cited Salt-n-Pepa, MC Lyte and Latifah herself — all rappers who crossed into the pop world and subsequently are sometimes overlooked as central to the genre's legacy — as major influences, and Warren pointed out that Elliott fulfills the same role for many young artists today. Ms. Obama's playful song choice also made a statement of female pride: First featured in the 1975 teen movie Cooley High and later made popular by the ladies' favorite vocal group Boyz II Men, the song is exactly what a gathering of women would consider meaningful, no matter whether men might find it romantic fluff. Her warm reminiscence and playful sharing encapsulated the panel's mood, one in which women sure of their power showed that they could relax and be p

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Question: Kristin Gore's Novel 'Sammy's Hill' Debuts

Sammy's Hill, the debut novel of Kristin Gore — daughter of former Vice President Al Gore — has hit bookstore shelves. It's been described as part chick lit and part political commentary.  Hear Kristin Gore and NPR's Susan Stamberg.

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Stories: 1) Sheryl Crow, Gracefully Navigating 'Detours' 2) Novelist Susan Choi, Creating 'A Person of Interest'


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "Impeachment TV," "The Grumpiest Generation" and "e-NO-gi."

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: Prescription Drug Use Increased Over The Last Decade, Study Says

Americans are taking more prescription drugs than ever before. And many are taking five drugs or more a day. We examine a new report that has some surprising information about prescription drugs.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Protests, Clashes Build Again In Cairo. -- Deal Reached On Greek Debt, Markets Rise In Relief. -- Arafat's Grave Opened, Samples Taken To Be Tested For Poison. Other stories making news: -- "Fiscal Cliff Compromise: Devil Is In The Definition Of Revenue." (It's All Politics) -- Fiscal Cliff Talks "Accelerate." (The Washington Post) -- Bangladesh Factory Fire That Killed More Than 100 "Was Deliberately Set, Officials Believe." (The Guardian) -- "North Korea Suspected Of Planning Rocket Test." (The New York Times) -- Sandy-related Damage In New York And New Jersey Topped $60 Billion, Governors Say. (The Associated Press) -- Dr. Joseph Murray, Who Performed First Successful Kidney Transplant And Won A Nobel Prize, Has Died. (The Associated Press) -- Powerball Jackpot At Record $425 Million — And Growing — Ahead Of Wednesday Drawing. (ABC News)


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'['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Credit Crunch Hits Consumers, Companies']' == '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'The credit crunch has hit many Americans. Robert Manning, author of Credit Card Nation and director of the Center for Consumer Financial Services, discusses the effect on consumers and credit card firms.']' != '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)"]'

Question: Esperanza Spalding Takes To Facebook Live To Record New Album 'Exposure'

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Starting at 9 a.m. Pacific time on Tuesday, Grammy Award-winning musician Esperanza Spalding will spend 77 hours creating her new album, “Exposure.” The entire session will be streamed on Facebook Live for all her fans to see. Here & Now‘s Robin Young talks with Spalding (@EspeSpalding) about the experiment. Interview Highlights On Facebook Live and responding to music in the moment “It isn’t just response to self. I mean, it’s response to everything that’s coming into your orbit, you know. I’m a part of the orbit of the people I’m with, too. So it’s also about how my spontaneous engagement supports their exploration.” On “interference” in the process, her record label and what this mode of creation provides “My poor label. ‘Interfere’ is sort of exaggerated because I’ve never felt like [the record label] interfered with my mission. It’s just, the motive of investing in a project is to earn a great return on your on your investment, so there are a lot of questions and conversations that revolve around, ‘OK, how we are going to sell it? Like, what’s the angle, what’s the distribution?’ Which are all fine questions if you’re a business person, but if you’re an artist and your mission is to tap into your voice and what it is that you’ve come here to share, I find that really debilitating. What’s really cool about this is certain questions just can’t be answered so they can’t really be asked. So instead of saying we’re going for the urban audience, or the jazz audience or whatever, we’re just saying we’re looking for people who are interested in supporting creative exploration, and whatever comes out of it will be the album.” On practicing for this type of album experience “Well, it’s like practicing for a game. No matter how well-rehearsed your plays are, you know full well that when you get onto the field, anything can happen. So, you practice the plays to be ready to move in similar kinds of combinations, right? The reason that we practice is to get used to, kind of the ways that things tend to go, and then we hope that there’s kind of a magical byproduct of that, which is preparation for the unexpected.”   “We’re looking for people who are interested in supporting creative exploration, and whatever comes out of it will be the album.” Esperanza Spalding  On how she’s feeling going into the process “I feel very scared. Wondering a little bit why the hell I’m doing this, and, because the project rests on real live exposure with a real live audience, the only way to find out if it’s worth doing is to try it. I know that it’s good that I feel scared, but some little part in the back of my mind is like, ‘I’m just going to make a total fool of myself in front of everybody.’ And hopefully it’ll at least be entertaining.”

Stories: 1) Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'After The Earthquake' 2) From Bop To Baroque: The Modern Jazz Quartet 3) Heads Up, TV Fans: Great Shows Start This Week


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Question: Fifty Years Of 'Farmer John': A Hit That Opened The Door For Chicano Rock

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In the summer of 1964, Beatlemania was sweeping the United States, young men were burning their draft cards and race riots were raging in cities across the country — and wrapped up in all of it was the biggest hit of the summer in Los Angeles. The Premiers' "Farmer John" was a jangly party pop hit, with a simple but classic three-chord progression and main riff. Two guys shouted out the lyrics over a rowdy crowd cheering and clapping and singing along. It hung on the Billboard charts for nearly the whole summer. Like a lot of hits in the '50s and '60s, the Premiers' "Farmer John" was a cover. The original "Farmer John" sounded very different from the version that climbed the charts. Don Harris and Dewey Terry, the two black musicians of the R&B duo Don & Dewey, wrote and released the first "Farmer John" in 1959. If that sounds familiar, that's because that's the classic story behind a lot of early rock and roll hits. A black musician does a song. It's great. Then a white musician covers it, and it's the white version that becomes a huge hit. Elvis, Pat Boone, the Rolling Stones and the Beatles all had hits originally written by black musicians. Here's another example. "Louie Louie" was written by Richard Berry, a black R&B singer from Los Angeles, but you probably know a different version better: in late 1963, a white band called the Kingsmen released a raucous cover version. It was huge, reaching #2 on the charts. The Kingsmen's hit caught the attention of a 23-year-old Angeleno named Billy Cardenas. He was an East L.A. guy trying to make it as a record producer. He'd been looking for a good way to redo Don & Dewey's "Farmer John" — because, as he says, "I danced to it a lot. I used to do a lot of swing dancing, and that was a song that was complete as far as its beat and swing." But he thought he could make it even better. The Kingsmen's "Louie Louie" had a distinct guitar sound and a catchy three-chord pattern. So Cardenas proposed the idea of combining the two songs to his newest group, The Premiers. Here's where that old rock'n'roll formula comes off the rails: The Premiers weren't white. They were Mexican-American. Like a lot of early Chicano rock bands, the Premiers were just a handful of teenage kids — two brothers and two of their friends. They'd been playing a mix of pop covers and traditional Mexican tunes at neighborhood parties in their east side suburb of San Gabriel. They'd gotten so popular there that their mom had hired Billy Cardenas as a manager. The Premiers liked the idea of a "Farmer John" / "Louie Louie" combo. They practiced the song for a few days, and then Cardenas drove them to Hollywood to record it. Afterward, Cardenas added in some canned crowd noise to make it sound like a live performance. He says he had a good feeling about the track. "You put in the ingredients — like when you cook, you put all the ingredients, you know? And you hope it's gonna be a good-tasting pie," he says. "This was a good-sounding piece of pie." At the time, Chicano civil rights and Chicano rock were exploding in California. But it was still 1964, two months before Lyndon Johnson would sign the Civil Rights Act. For white performers, there was no trouble finding success by covering black musicians' songs. But Mexican-Americans were having a harder time with that formula. Other songs, like "Tequila" and "La Bamba," had been hits, but they were almost always either instrumental or sung in Spanish. (Ritchie Valens did have a couple English-language hits, but he died in 1959.) Record companies just weren't fully convinced that Chicano bands like The Premiers could really play and sing in English. "First time I went to a particular record company, they told me, 'Uh, no. We won't even listen to it 'cause we don't put Mexican records on the radio,'" Cardenas says. "I said, 'It's not a Mexican record. You misunderstand, they play rock and roll.' " So The Premiers released "Farmer John" on a small LA label. Local DJs Dick "Huggy Boy" Hugg and Art Laboe had huge Latino followings, and they played "Farmer John" constantly. Cardenas says it wasn't long before the big labels saw the potential. "Warner Brothers called to pick up the master. Thirty thousand records sold in the first week," he says. It took off. Less than a month later The Premiers appeared before a national TV audience on American Bandstand, where Dick Clark informed them on live TV that they'd be joining his Caravan of Stars national tour. "Farmer John" spent over two months on Billboard's Hot 100, peaking at No. 19. It was everywhere, played by everyone. There was a Christmas version the next year by influential garage rock group the Sonics. It even reached as far as Winnipeg, Manitoba, where a 19-year-old Neil Young heard it and performed it with his band The Squires. He'd later revisit the song on 1990's Ragged Glory. Its reach lasted well past the end of its run on the charts. In the U.K., Billy Childish was just four when the song came out. He

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Question: French Prisons Prove To Be Effective Incubators For Islamic Extremism

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Among the sweeping changes France is proposing in the aftermath of this month's terrorist attacks in Paris are new measures to fight Islamic radicalization in its prisons. It is an enormous problem brought into starker relief because two of the suspects in the attacks earlier this month were products of the French penal system. Cherif Kouachi, one of the brothers behind the attack on the offices of Charlie Hebdo, went from petty criminal to violent jihadist after just 20 months behind bars. There, he also met a Muslim convert named Amedy Coulibaly — who went on to help the Kouachi brothers in the Paris attacks. The problem of radicalization in French prisons starts with numbers. More than half the people in French prisons today are Muslim — and that has made it easy for radical Islamists to target new recruits. "The U.S. problem that you have with high rates of Afro-American and Hispanics populating the prisons seems to be like now we have a high rate of Muslims living in the prisons," says Laila Fathi, a Muslim activist in Paris who lives in the 19th arrondissement, not far from the housing projects where Cherif and Said Kouachi grew up. "The problems are similar." Perfect Environment For Radicalization Many inmates convert to Islam or rediscover their Muslim roots behind bars. Some do it for protection, some for camaraderie; others, just to fit in. Francesco Ragazzi, a political science professor at Leiden University and researcher at Sciences Po, a French university in Paris, says while there are deep believers who aren't radical in French prisons, the environment makes it easy for Islamists to prey on prisoners. "Prisons are ripe for radicalization because you have people in a confined space who have nothing else to do than talk to one another," he says. "People who initially might not be part of violent networks — or networks related to jihad — end up caught in these kinds of networks. There is a simple gang logic [at work] that we find in many other types of settings in prisons in the U.S. or Europe." Myriam Benraad, a researcher at Sciences Po, says the thought of embracing Islam may help prisoners cope with the simple stress of incarceration. "A lot of inmates who have been jailed are depressed, they are without direction, they are looking for some raison d'etre," she says. "And it is true that Islam has become very popular, very successful within French prisons as a rebirth for these people." What's more, she says, Muslim prisoners can also give the impression that they are coping with prison, and that is attractive to those who might not be. "As opposed to other inmates, Muslims prisoners look like models. They are very calm, they are very self-contained, very determined," Benraad says. "So to people who find themselves in crisis as they adjust to prison, Islam can seem like a refuge and that makes it easy for radical Islamists to draw others to them." Cherif Kouachi spent nearly 20 months inside Fleury-Merogis prison, in Paris' southern suburbs, awaiting trial. There, he was exposed to one of France's most radical jihadists, Djamel Beghal. Beghal had trained with Osama bin Laden and was sent to France decades ago to set up a terrorist cell there. Prosecutors say the group was supposed to target American interests. In 2001, Beghal was convicted of plotting to bomb the American Embassy in Paris. He was kept in isolation at Fleury-Merogis, but young men like Kouachi and Coulibaly managed to contact him anyway. Attempts To Isolate Radical Jihadists Judge Jean-Louis Bruguiere was the investigating magistrate who sent Kouachi to prison while he awaited trial in 2005. "I was very concerned about the situation in prisons," Bruguiere says. "We tried to separate them. ... When I was chief we ordered them to separate, but it is not possible anymore. The prisons are overcrowded. Inmates find ways to communicate illegally ... through messages and cellphones. It's impossible. We have to take these people and put them in a totally separate facility to stop this from happening." One of the proposals now under consideration by the French government is to create a separate facility for Islamists who are trying to radicalize others. Several years ago, inmates at Fleury-Merogis managed to smuggle a video out of the prison to show the outside world how bad conditions were there. The video cuts to showers green with mildew and cells so narrow a man can extend his arms and touch both walls. Fleury-Merogis is what's known as a supersize or titan prison; it holds nearly 4,000 prisoners and is the biggest prison in Europe. And that, say officials, is a perfect setting in which radicalization can occur. "The prisoners are a vulnerable population," says Fathi, the Muslim activist, who worries about the social issues — crime, poverty, substandard schools — that lead to the high rates of incarceration among Muslims. "How can we avoid more Kouachi brothers coming out of prison now?" she says. "The government has to take some s

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No End In Sight As Government Shutdown Begins. -- Obama: 'Perpetual Cycle Of Brinksmanship ... Has To End.' -- In Talk Of Shutdown, A Familiar Feeling At The White House. And here are more early headlines: Despite Government Shutdown, Obamacare Opens Enrollment Today. (Reuters) Israeli Prime Minister Visits U.N. Today, Warning Against Iran. (CBS) U.S. Diplomats Expelled From Venezuela For 'Sabotage'. (CNN) Bangladesh Sentences Opposition Leader To Death For War Crimes. (BBC) Greece Cracks Down On Far Right Party Accused Of Murder, Corruption. (Guardian) Jury Seated In Insider Trading Trial Of Dallas Mavericks Owner. (New York Times) UC Berkeley Blast May Be Linked To Underground Copper Theft. (San Jose Mercury News) Police Catch Thief Sprayed With Liquid That Glows In Ultraviolet Light. (Reuters)