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Question: LA Dodgers Defeat Milwaukee Brewers To Reach World Series

The Los Angeles Dodgers outlasted the Milwaukee Brewers 5-1 in the deciding Game 7 of the National League Championship Series Saturday night. With the win, the Dodgers will return to the World Series for the second year in a row, to face off against the Boston Red Sox — and look to rewrite last year's fate, after losing Game 7 of the World Series to the Houston Astros. It was a tight game until the sixth inning, when Yasiel Puig's three-run homer handed the Dodgers a promising cushion. By the ninth inning, star pitcher Clayton Kershaw stepped in as relief pitcher to finish off the Brewers with the final three outs. The Brewers, meanwhile, were betting against Dodgers rookie pitcher Walker Buehler, who's struggled as a two-time starter this playoffs. The 24-year-old let in six hits, including Milwaukee's Christian Yelich's first-inning home run. But, as The Associated Press reports, Dodger Chris Taylor cut Yelich off with a crucial catch:  "Yelich looked like he would hurt the Dodgers again in the fifth with Lorenzo Cain on second with two outs. The NL MVP candidate hit a high, hard liner to left that seemed destined to fall in for a double. "Running at full speed to his left, Taylor extended his glove high in the air just as the ball settled into the mitt to end the inning."  In the second inning, a two-run homer from Cody Bellinger lifted the Dodgers to 2-1. "They made the plays, they made the pitches when they had to (make) to win," Yelich said, the AP reports. The last time Los Angeles won the World Series was in 1988.  "It's pretty cool. It's going to be a pretty special series," newly crowned NLCS MVP Bellinger said, according to the AP. "I know how lucky I am to be a part of it two years in a row." The Red Sox — who beat the Houston Astros to win the American League Championship Series on Friday — will host the Dodgers in Game 1 of the World Series on Tuesday night at Boston's Fenway Park.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- What We Don't Know (And Wish We Did) About The Russia Investigation. -- Texas Gov. Abbott Signs Measure Targeting 'Sanctuary Cities'. And here are more early headlines: Trump Travel Ban Gets Appellate Court Hearing Today. (AP) Growing Wildfire In Southeast Georgia Triggers Evacuations. (CNN) Interior Secretary Visiting New National Monument In Utah. (Salt Lake Tribune) Climate Pact Meetings Open In Germany, U.S. Attends. (VOA) U.N.: More Than 1 Million South Sudanese Children Fleeing. (UNICEF) Nigerian President Returns To London For Treatment. (BBC) Record Flooding In Montreal; Emergency Declared. (Reuters) Elderly Nepali Climber Dies At Everest Base Camp. (Himalayan Times) Yankees Defeat Cubs After 18 Innings, Set Records. (Bleacher Report)


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Question: Museum Fooled by Fake Gaugin

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When the Art Institute of Chicago acquired the ceramic sculpture "The Faun" in 1997, they thought they were getting the work of French master Paul Gauguin. It turns out the sculpture was actually created by English forger Shaun Greenhalgh. Ronald Spencer, a lawyer who specializes in art authentication, decodes the deal.

The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: Focus On Technology from 91.7 WVXU

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After a summer of sitting on tarmacs, airline passengers are demanding better service. In Focus on Technology Ann Thompson reports on state of the art GPS systems designed to diminish delays.

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Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: Terrorism Investigation

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Robert Siegel talks with NPR's Mike Shuster reports that 352 people have now been arrested or detained in the investigation of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. Nearly 400 more are being sought by investigators. Also, the FAA has ordered new kinds of security checks to be conducted at airports.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Napa Gallery for Developmentally Disabled Artists

A new gallery in Napa is providing artists who have developmental disabilities, such as autism and Down syndrome, a place to produce, show and sell their artwork. A visit to the Brown Street Gallery offers insights into their creative world.

A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: The Jamestown Project

Guest: Karen Ordahl Kupperman, the Silver Professor of History at New York University

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Letter From India: Railway Exams Not A Free Ride

India has an exam for virtually every government job — no matter how small. The Railway Exams, given to aspiring guards, ticket collectors and drivers, ask a surprising variety of questions — difficult questions. Competition for jobs on the railway is extreme — by one account there are 20,000 applicants for one ticket collector job.

Stories: 1) A Band Of 'Brothers' And A Barrel Of Laughs 2) Probing China's Changing Character 3) New Silver Jews Album A 'Strange Victory'


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Question: Commission On Govt. Secrecy

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The government has too many secrets according to a report issued today by The Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy. The commission, chaired by Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan, (D-NY) says that the government's "culture of secrecy" hinders decision making and wastes billions of dollars each year. The panel says that new procedures aimed at reducing the number of classified documents will better protect the relatively few documents that are important to national security. NPR's Neal Conan reports.

EPA Suit. Medicare Drug Coverage. End Music.


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Question: Trump On Son's Russia Meeting: 'I Think Many People Would Have' Taken It

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President Trump is continuing to defend his eldest son's controversial meeting with a Russian lawyer where he hoped to get damaging information on Hillary Clinton as part of an effort by the Russian government to help Trump's campaign. "I think many people would have held that meeting," Trump told Reuters in an interview on Wednesday. The president first weighed in on Tuesday with a brief statement: "My son is a high-quality person and I applaud his transparency." Trump Jr. only released email exchanges regarding the meeting after the New York Times, which originally broke the story, was about to publish the electronic messages. The president's son has come under fire after he admitted to meeting with Kremlin-linked attorney Natalia Veselnitskaya at the urging of publicist Rob Goldstone. In emails released Tuesday, Goldstone told Trump Jr. that Veselnitskaya had "very high level and sensitive information but is part of Russia and its government's support for Mr. Trump." Trump Jr. wrote back, "if it's what you say I love it especially later in the summer." In an interview with Fox News host Sean Hannity Tuesday night, Trump Jr. admitted he "probably would have done things a little differently" but reiterated there was no information exchanged regarding Clinton at the meeting. The president echoed what his son has maintained — that he didn't know about the June 9, 2016, meeting held at Trump Tower at the time, which was also attended by his then-campaign chairman Paul Manafort and his son-in-law Jared Kushner, who is now a White House senior adviser. "No, that I didn't know until a couple of days ago when I heard about this," Trump told Reuters. The Times also reported that President Trump personally signed off on his son's initial statement about the meeting published by the newspaper on Saturday. In that initial statement, Trump Jr. portrayed the meeting as an opportunity to talk about a Russian adoption program. Trump Jr. later put out an amended statement clarifying what happened and that the meeting had also been about Clinton. The deepening story has come as multiple congressional committees and a Justice Department special counsel are investigating Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election and possible collusion between aides to the Trump campaign and Russia. Trump Jr.'s meeting, with emails explicitly outlining that the Russian government was aiming to help his father, arguably provide some of the most clear possible links yet. President Trump's firing of former FBI Director James Comey, which he has admitted was due to the deepening Russia probe, has only worsened the cloud around his administration. Christopher Wray, Trump's nominee to replace Comey atop the FBI, testified at his Senate confirmation hearing on Wednesday that in the scenario of being presented opposition research by a foreign government, that was "the kind of thing the FBI would want to know." House Speaker Paul Ryan sidestepped the question of the appropriateness of the meeting and the email exchange that preceded it, saying Wednesday he wouldn't "go into hypotheticals" as to whether or not he would have taken a similar meeting. Ryan did say it was "important" for investigators to "get to the bottom" of the meeting. Trump, however, has continued to cast doubt on whether Russia was behind the election interference, which included hacks of the Democratic National Committee's email system and Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta's emails. His own intelligence chiefs — including Wray during his confirmation hearing on Wednesday — have reiterated they believe Russia meddled in the 2016 elections. Trump told Reuters he spent the first 20 or 25 minutes of his more than two-hour meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin last week at the G-20 summit addressing the question of election interference, but seemed to suggest he accepted Putin's denials. "I said, did you do it? And he said no, I did not. Absolutely not. I then asked him a second time in a totally different way. He said absolutely not," Trump told Reuters. In another interview with CBN's Pat Robertson also on Wednesday, Trump defended his meeting with Putin and their perceived closeness. "I think a lot of things came out of that meeting but I do believe it's important to have a dialogue and if you don't have a dialogue, it's a lot of problems for our country and for their country. I think we need dialogue. We need dialogue with everybody," the president said. "I had a great... It was a great G-20. You had 20 countries. I get along, I think, really fantastically with the head of every country." "I think we get along very well and I think that's a good thing, that's not a bad thing. People said oh they shouldn't get along, well, who are the people that are saying that?" Trump asked about Putin. "I think we get along very, very well. We are a tremendously powerful nuclear power, and so are they. It doesn't make sense not to have some kind of a relationship." Trump a

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- In Syria, Peace Plan 'Is Unraveling'. -- Pentagon Condemns Actions Of Soldiers Posing With Suicide Bombers' Remains. -- Ted Nugent Stands Firm, Secret Service To Look Into His Words About Obama. Other stories making news: Read More -- "Obama, Romney In Dead Heat Among Registered Voters." (CBS News) -- Norway's Mass Murderer Says "He Should Either Be Acquitted Or Executed;" A Jail Term Would Be "Pathetic." (The Guardian) -- "Secret Service Inquiry Leads To Colombian Brothels." (The New York Times) -- "GSA Official's Wife Accompanied Him On Trips At Taxpayer Expense." (The Washington Post) -- "Ozzie Guillen Back In Marlins' Dugout, Promises To Manage His Mouth." (Miami Herald) -- "Spanish King Juan Carlos Sorry For Botswana Hunt Trip." (BBC News)


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Question: Oklahoma City Flash Flood Causes Havoc

With the number of confirmed deaths from the flash flood in Arkansas last week reaching 20 on Monday, the situation in Oklahoma City which was hit by flash flooding at the start of the current work week appeared not to be as deadly though it was certainly frightening for those trapped by surging waters in OKC. There were no reports of deaths in Oklahoma City though the flooding in some areas was severe. Some areas there received more than 10 inches of rain in an eight-hour period. Even so, there were some fairly dramatic rescues, including one of a young woman who was spotted from a helicopter swimming to a tree that allowed her to pull herself out of the swiftly moving water where she waited for rescuers to reach her by boat. A snippet from a story on the NewsOK web site:  "I have never been this scared," Oklahoma City spokeswoman Kristy Yager said. "This is way worse than driving in the ice. The water is so deep. The visibility is so low."

Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: Branagh Imagines Mozart's 'Magic Flute' In Wartime

Director Kenneth Branagh has given us fresh Shakespeare and witty modern comedies of manners, and some years ago he turned to opera, with an adaptation of Mozart's classic set in World War I. It's finally available in the U.S., and critic Lloyd Schwartz says the results are disappointingly mixed.

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Stories: 1) Eugene Hütz, Gogol Bordello's Gypsy-Punk Hero 2) Nervous And Nerdy, From 'Office' To Silver Screen 3) 'Brothers': Family Ties, Unraveling In Wartime


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Question: Health Care Dollars and Sense

Dr. Rahul Parikh argues that patients must do their homework and understand the costs of their choices to bring down the costs of health care.

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Stories: 1) The Science Behind Deep-Water Oil Drilling 2) Real Life Documentaries Trump Reality TV Every Day


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Question: Ohio Hospital Official Raises Concerns About GOP Health Care Plan

NPR's Robert Siegel talks to Michael Abrams, president and CEO of the Ohio Hospital Association, about his reaction to the GOP's plan to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Justice Department Indicts Alaska Sen. Stevens

The Justice Department on Tuesday indicted Sen. Ted Stevens, the longest-serving Republican in Senate history, on seven counts of not properly disclosing "hundreds of thousands of dollars" in improvements to his Alaska home. Federal prosecutors said that Stevens failed to disclose more than $250,000 worth of gifts he received between 1999 and 2007 from VECO Corp., an Alaska-based oil pipeline and services company, and its founder, Bill Allen. The indictment follows a two-year investigation of Stevens; in July 2007, federal agents searched the senator's home in Girdwood, Alaska. Stevens issued a statement in response to the indictment. "It saddens me to learn that these charges have been brought against me," the statement read in part. "I have never knowingly submitted a false disclosure form required by law as a U.S. senator."  "I am innocent of these charges and intend to prove that," he said. In accordance with Republican bylaws, Stevens also stepped down from his role as the ranking Republican on two Senate panels, including the powerful Commerce Committee. Reaction on Capitol Hill was swift. "I was shocked to learn of today's announcement," Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) told The Associated Press. "I know Ted Stevens to be an honorable, hard-working Alaskan who has served our state well for as long as we have been a state. As to the charges, we are at the beginning of the criminal process, and there is a judicial procedure in place that will be followed."  Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) told the AP, "I have served with Sen. Stevens my entire congressional career. It's a sad day for him, us, but you know, I believe in the American system of justice, and he's presumed innocent." According to the indictment, Stevens allegedly received gifts from VECO and Allen that included improvements to his vacation home in Alaska — a new first floor, garage, wraparound deck, plumbing, electrical wiring and furniture. Prosecutors said Stevens concealed "his continuing receipt of hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of things of value" from the company.  In turn, Allen and other VECO officials called on Stevens for "multiple official actions ... knowing that Stevens could and did use his official position and his office on behalf of VECO during that same time period," according to the indictment. However, a Justice Department official said the indictment does not allege any quid pro quo. Filed in U.S. District Court in Washington, the indictment does detail some actions that Stevens allegedly took on VECO's behalf, including requesting federal grants from several agencies and funding and other aid for the oil services company's projects and partnerships in Pakistan and Russia. Stevens, 84, has served as a senator since 1968. After two unsuccessful tries for the job — in the 1962 general election and in the 1968 GOP primary — he was appointed to the Senate in 1968, following the death of a Democratic incumbent. He won a short-term special election in 1970 and has easily won re-election ever since. No Democrat has won a Senate seat in Alaska since 1974. Richard Mauer, staff writer at the Anchorage Daily News, told NPR that it is hard to miss Stevens' legacy in Alaska. The senator was named Alaskan of the Century in 2000.  The airport in Anchorage is named for him, as are other institutions across the state.  Mauer noted, however, that public opinion may be changing. "There's a recent poll," he said, "that showed enormous negatives by independent voters and Alaskans in general toward Sen. Stevens."  Stevens is facing a tough re-election challenge this year against Democrat Mark Begich, the mayor of Anchorage, but NPR's Martin Kaste tells Michele Norris it might be premature to write off the veteran lawmaker. Prior to Tuesday's indictment, "I think most Alaskans would have predicted that he still would have won pretty easily, or at least won with some confidence this year, despite the fact that he's been under a cloud," Kaste said. "The fact that he's now been indicted may change things, but he is still Ted Stevens." At the White House, press secretary Dana Perino told the AP, "The president has been working with Sen. Stevens for many years, and he appreciates his strong leadership on key issues. This is a legal matter that the Department of Justice is handling, and so we will not comment further on it."

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- The Past Of 'Jihadi John': Early Run-Ins And Radicalization. -- Congress Will Vote On Homeland Security; Agency's Funding Ends Tonight. And here are more early headlines: Obama, Liberian President To Meet At White House Today. (New Dawn Liberia) U.S., Cuba To Hold 2nd Round Of Talks In Washington Today. (USA Today) Missouri GOP Gubernatorial Candidate May Have Taken His Life. (St. Louis Post-Dispatch) U.S. Atheist Blogger, Avijit Roy, Hacked To Death In India. (Time) Walker Says He Can Face ISIS Because He's Faced Labor Protesters. (Wisconsin State Journal) No Charges Yet Filed Against Driver In Calif. Truck-Train Crash. (OC Register) Tuskegee Airman, Col. Paul Green, Dies At 91. (AP) China Imposes 1 Year Ban Of African Ivory Imports. (UPI) Earl Lloyd, 1st Black NBA Player, Dies. (ESPN)


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Question: A Dark Journey Into A Killer's 'Personal Effects'

Have you ever wished you could e-mail or telephone a character from a book you're reading? A new "multiplatform transmedia experience" by authors J.C. Hutchins and Jordan Weisman offers readers the opportunity to do just that.  Hutchings and Weisman's new interactive novel, Personal Effects: Dark Art, follows art therapist Zach Taylor as he struggles to evaluate a blind psychic serial killer. The novel unfolds in traditional chapter form, as well as via a series of "personal effects" that belong to the characters — including business cards, photos and legal documents, which are included in a pouch attached to the book's cover.   "The intent of this is to make the reader more than just a passive ingester of the entertainment, but to become an active participant in the story," Hutchins tells NPR's David Greene. "The idea was to fundamentally blur those lines between fiction and reality." Further blurring those lines? Additional phone numbers and Web sites — including a blog created by the main character's girlfriend — that allow readers to gather more clues about the story.  Hutchins is credited with writing the novel, while Weisman was responsible for assembling all the extra content.  Weisman likens the experience of exploring the book and its additional offerings to finding a stranger's wallet on the street: "You want to return it to the person who lost it, but you feel kind of dirty just looking through it, because there's nothing more voyeuristic than looking through someone's pockets or their wallet," he explains. "All of the sudden these characters aren't remote. These characters are much more real now because they are in your world. You're holding the contents of their wallet in your hand. You can call them on the phone; you can e-mail them and get responses," says Weisman. "It makes the story much more immediate." Because the protagonist is an art therapist, he's not as interested in solving crime as he is in helping his patient. The sleuthing, says Hutchins, is left up to the readers, who are encouraged to gather clues from the book's additional sources.  "The reading of the book is a vicarious experience. And then there's a subtle transition into a first person-experience, where you're now going to take on the detective role yourself and solve things that Zachary Taylor didn't solve," he says.  Chapter 1 If by some miracle I survive my twenties, I am certain I'll look back on today and think, This was the day I began to lose my mind. Today was the day I coasted into work, still high from last week's breakthrough, my grin beating back the gloom of these crumbling halls ... and was unceremoniously shoved into a living horror show, a knife-sharp shadowdance called The Life of Martin Grace. That moment, there — me striding through Brinkvale, punching in on the Depression-era time clock, greeting my coworkers  — was when my perception of terra firma reality shifted. Just a nudge. But enough. I am stone-cold certain that Lina Velasquez was a meth-addicted hummingbird in a past life. The woman is pulled tauter than piano wire. She's all cat's-eye glasses and waving arms, a nitro-fueled perpetual motion machine. Her voice is a nasal blur in the background on any typical day. I don't know why sleepy Brinkvale needs an administrative assistant who's so damned kinetic, but I suppose everyone has a place ... and Lina was currently putting me in mine. "Taylor!" She was at her desk, behind the scratched, shatterproof window of the Administrator's Office, perched on the edge of her antique swivel chair, phone receiver pinched between shoulder and cheek. She was typing on her computer keyboard with one hand. I blinked and stopped, peering in at her. Already exasperated, she rapped on the window with her free palm. The rings on her fingers clack-clack-clacked, insistent. I cringed. Total principal's office flashback. "In here, now," Lina said. "Dr. Peterson. Urgent." I have never been an "urgent" kind of guy, but I'm getting better at handling moments like this. Late last week proved that. Still, before landing this gig, the word wasn't in the Zach Taylor vocabulary. "Uh, what's up?" I asked. I glanced past Lina to the doorway of Peterson's dimly lit office. The old psychiatrist was at his desk, hunched over the scattered contents of an open manila folder. They glowed under an ancient gooseneck lamp. The septuagenarian's desk was cluttered with towers of precariously stacked papers. My mind captured the moment in charcoal-sketch caricature: Doc Peterson, staring up at his own paperwork Tower of Pisa, cartoon hearts swirling around his bald head. I filed away the image, and tried not to grin. "What?" I realized Lina had been talking. She pooched her lips and twitched them to the right. This was Lina's nonverbal Venezuelan shorthand: Make your eyes follow my lips, make your feet follow your eyes. I walked past her into the dark room, uneasy of its dimness. It smelled of old books and stale coffee. The fat metal blind

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Stories: 1) The Couple Behind Some Of Hollywood's Classic Tunes 2) A Graceful Search For 'Higher Ground'


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Question: Internet poker takes seat at table of politics

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The fast-growing Poker Players Alliance is fighting measures to curb wagering on Internet poker.

Internet poker has surpassed sports betting as the most popular form of online gambling -- an industry that now takes in as much as $10 billion a year. There's one catch:  playing online poker -- for money -- is illegal in the United States.


Question: Welsh Cyclist Geraint Thomas Wins Tour De France

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U.K. cyclist Geraint Thomas crossed the Tour de France finish line on the Champs-Élysées Sunday to become the first Welshman to take the honor. Thomas, 32, wearing the yellow jersey of the overall leader crossed the line arm-in-arm with teammate Chris Froome, last year's winner. Sunday's ceremonial final stage came after Thomas's Saturday defense of a 1 minute, 51 seconds lead over second-place finisher Tom Dumoulin. Four-time champion Froome placed third overall. According to Cycling News, "After the customary champagne and photo opportunities during the first half of the stage, things - as they usually do - got serious once the peloton hit Paris. A six-man break got away early on the Champs-Élysées circuits, but with the sprinter's teams keen to take the glory on the Tour's last day, they were hunted down with 6.5km (4 miles) to go." "It's going to take a while to sink in," Thomas said before draping the flag of Wales over his shoulders during the podium ceremony, according to The Associated Press. "Normally that stage is really hard but today I just seemed to float around it. I had goose bumps going around there. The support from the Welsh, British flags. ... To ride around wearing this (yellow jersey) is a dream." According to The Associated Press:  "French rider Sylvain Chavanel, riding his record 18th Tour, rode ahead of the pack as the first rider onto the Champs-Elysees. World champion Peter Sagan matched Erik Zabel's record by winning the green jersey points competition for a sixth time. French riders Julian Alaphilippe and Pierre Latour secured the polka-dot mountains jersey and best young rider white jersey, respectively."  Thomas was a support rider for Froome's four earlier Tour de France victories. As ESPN writes, "This isn't the first time a loyal support rider has emerged from the shadow of his former leader." ESPN, noting a "lack of tension" between Thomas and Froome over the role reversal, says Thomas "prevailed because Froome wavered, but there's more to it. Sky has the deepest pockets ($40 million, twice that of the next-richest organization) and correspondingly deepest bench in the business. In the highest mountains, incandescent 21-year-old Colombian talent Egan Bernal worked for both men."  As NPR's Bill Chappell wrote last week, for Froome, it had been "a race of misadventures." One incident came on Wednesday when Froome, wearing a dark gray rain jacket over his racing jersey, was yanked off his bike by a police officer who mistook him for a fan riding the course.

It's Friday, and here are some of the stories we're watching: Egypt's 'Smooth Military Coup' Protested. Last Suspect In 1995 Sarin Attack Arrested In Tokyo. Forest Boy Is A Hoax, Police Say. Prosecutors Rest Their Case In Sandusky Sex Assaults Trial. (Philadelphia Inquirer) Britain Proposes Expanding Individual Data Tracking, Critics Slam Its Intrusiveness. (Telegraph) Democracy Activist Aung San Suu Kyi Falls Ill Briefly, Resumes European Tour. (Reuters) Spain's Debt Rises Sharply In The First Quarter, Up 30 Percentage Points Since 2008. (Wall Street Journal) International Criminal Court Swears In Gambian Lawyer As Top Prosecutor, First Woman To Hold Position. (CNN) China To Launch First Female Astronaut Into Space Tomorrow. (AP) Tropical Storm Carlotta Poised To Become Hurricane Off Mexico's Pacific Coast. (AP) In Sports: Tiger Tied For Second, Miami Ties Up NBA Finals.


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Question: Asian-American Artists Break Into Soul Music

African-American icons like Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye and Mary J. Blige are often associated with soul music. Even some white artists have found success in this genre. But Asian-American soul artists have yet to break through into the mainstream. Host Allison Keyes talks with culture and music critic Oliver Wang about a number of soulful Asian singers who are trying to reverse that trend.

A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: Mine Deaths Stir New Debate On Federal Oversight

The explosion at a West Virginia coal mine on April 5 was the worst mining disaster in the U.S. in four decades.  It resulted in the death of 29 miners who were killed at the Upper Big Branch mine.  On Tuesday, a Senate panel holds the first Congressional hearing into the explosion. The lead witness is Joe Main, the assistant Secretary of Labor who heads the federal Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). Critics say the agency has been too timid in pursuing mine safety violations.  In 2006, at a solemn ceremony in the White House, President George Bush addressed families of those killed in the mine accident. He vowed to strengthen the law to protect miners. "We make this promise to American miners and their families: We'll do everything possible to prevent mine accidents and make sure you're able to return safely to your loved ones," Bush said.  That ceremony took place in the aftermath of coal mine accidents that left 33 dead in 2006. Congress quickly passed and the president signed the Miner act, which increased penalties for mine safety violations, in addition to other measures. As Congress prepares to take another look at legislation, attention is focused on whether MSHA needs more tools or needs to better use the ones it has. Celeste Monforton, who worked at MSHA under President Clinton and both Bush administrations and teaches at George Washington University, says the law is adequate. But she also says an anti-regulatory climate in Washington has led to lax enforcement: "You have an agency that gets weak in the knees in terms of really strongly enforcing the law, and the tendency is to try to work things out behind closed doors, negotiate deals, rather than using the big stick," Monforton says. The big stick, she says, would be "to close a mine down."  Unused Enforcement Tools?  MSHA has the authority to shut down a portion of a mine if it determines there is a pattern of safety violations. It also can seek a court injunction to temporarily close a mine. But it has rarely used those powers. Instead, starting in 1990, the agency began issuing warning letters to notify mine operators they are at risk of being closed, or what's known as being on "a pattern."  "So you have these two powerful tools in your arsenal that you're not using and then you wonder why a mine blows up," says attorney Tony Oppegard, a former MSHA official who is representing some of the relatives of victims of a 2006 Kentucky mine accident. Jonathan Snare, a Washington, D.C., attorney who worked in the Labor Department's solicitor's office during President George W. Bush's administration, says the warning letters were a useful way to get mining companies to correct their violations.  "And they either took these steps to the satisfaction of MSHA, who went back to verify, or they were put on the pattern which could have led to other sanctions including the mine being closed," Snare says. "So the bottom line there was a view that the first round at least had been successful because these mines that had been ignoring their issues fixed them and solved their safety issues." A Backlog Of Thousands Of Cases But coal companies have the right to appeal serious citations, and they have -- to the extent that there is a backlog of some 16,000 cases. Massey Energy Company, operator of the Upper Big Branch mine contested 97 percent of the serious violations against it in 2007, according to MSHA.  "This is a complex matter -- this is a system that was built up over years," says Rep. George Miller, a Democrat from California. "I've tried to reform it. We've had some success, but almost every time in this legislation the mining industry more or less wins out because they always weaken the bill. I think we ought to use this as an opportunity and the tragic deaths of these miners and the outrageous behavior of some of these mine companies to try and see if we can do a first-class job of reforming the law." It's unclear just now what legislation is likely to come out of the renewed focus on mine safety. In a statement, the Department of Labor has called for strengthening MSHA's capacity to investigate, prevent and punish dangerous wrongdoing, as well as bringing cases to justice with greater speed and certainty. Others have called for giving the agency subpoena powers it now lacks.  "I would hope that at a minimum before there are new regulations -- before there's consideration of new legislation -- that we allow this investigation to proceed," says Bruce Watzman of the National Mining Association, an industry lobbying group. "We need facts to make educated choices and in the absence of that we're all speculating as to what occurred and what the necessary solutions are." Oppegard says the shackles have to be taken off Main, the new MSHA chief, who is a former United Mine Workers union official.  Oppegard says it's unfortunate it took a disaster to bring renewed attention to the issue: "That's the history of coal mining legislation in the U.S. --

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Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Trip to the Amazon Yields Gardening Tips

Spring is here, and plant people everywhere are ready to garden. An intriguing woman from the Caboclo tribe in the Amazon offers inspiration and some unorthodox horticultural advice.

Stories: 1) Reporter Explores America's Unique Take on Justice 2) Growing Up In a Surfer Family, Wipeouts and All


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Question: Poll: Americans Willing to Defer Tax Cuts

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President Bush underscores tax day by renewing his call for another round of tax cuts. Bush wanted $726 billion more in cuts, but the Republican-controlled Congress set the target lower. A poll by NPR, the Kaiser Family Foundation, and Harvard's Kennedy School of Government indicates Americans don't see a need for more tax relief. NPR's David Welna reports.


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

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Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: Friday Night Football

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High School Football playoffs are underway in North Carolina.  Reporter Dave DeWitt prepared this audio postcard from the Hillside Hornets' first playoff game.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Airstrike In Yemen Kills Top Al-Qaida Leader

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Yemeni officials have announced that an airstrike in Yemen Sunday killed a top al-Qaida leader. The suspect was on the FBI's most wanted list for his role in the 2000 bombing of the USS Cole warship.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Among La. Flood Victims, 'Depression Levels Are Really High'. -- Magnitude 6.2 Earthquake In Central Italy Reportedly Kills Dozens. And here are more early headlines: Turkey Sends Tanks, Fighter Jets Into Northern Syria. (BBC) Biden Visiting Turkey As Anti-ISIS Offensive Begins. (VOA) North Korea Test Fires New Ballistic Missile Into Sea Of Japan. (CNN) Deadly New Bombings In Thailand. (Sydney Morning Herald) Monsoons Trigger Deadly Flooding, Evacuations In India. (Weather.com) Bergdahl Lawyers Claim Sen. McCain's Comments Hurt Case. (USA Today) Former U.N. Leader Annan To Advise Myanmar On Status Of Rohingyas. (AFP)


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Question: A Church Divided Over Gay Clergy: Report

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E.g. ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Guests: Marcia Smith Specialist in Aerospace Policy, Congressional Research Service Library of Congress Washington, D.C.  Robert Park Director of the Washington D.C. Office American Physical Society Professor of Physics  University of Maryland College Park, Maryland  John-David Bartoe Research Manager for the International Space Station  NASA\'s Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas  It\'s been called the "world\'s biggest science project," but after 20 billion dollars and more than ten years, the future of NASA\'s International Space Station is still up in the air. Will bailouts make the station fly? Or are we just throwing good money after bad? In this hour, we\'ll have a debate on the international space station.'] == ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'International Space Station']

Episcopalians in the Fresno-based Diocese of San Joaquin decide Saturday whether to sever ties with their national denomination and align themselves with an Anglican branch overseas. A vote in favor of a split may lead San Joaquin to become the first diocese in the nation to completely secede from the U.S. church.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Question: Haitians Go To The Polls For The First Time In 4 Years

Haitians vote Sunday in parliamentary elections that are three years overdue. The parliament was dissolved after Haiti's government failed to hold a vote. Reporter Peter Granitz explains.

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Question: Baloji: globalFEST 2014

What happens when an artist mixes the suavity of Congolese rumba, the sweat and funk of James Brown, lilting soukous guitar, the visual flair of the sapeurs and the sensibilities of 21st-century hip-hop? The charismatic Congolese-Belgian singer Baloji has one answer. As he sings in the tune "Karibu Ya Bintou (Welcome to Life in Limbo)," his collaboration with the band Konono No. 1, "I came to reinvent tradition." While he's been quietly building a career in the U.S. over the past couple years, he was in prime shape at globalFEST 2014, backed by an amazing band whose members included the Congolese guitarist Dizzy Mandjeku, who collaborated with legends like Franco and Tabu Ley, and who is himself a treasured bandleader. With his electrifying stage presence and style to spare, Baloji had the globalFEST crowd wrapped around his finger. He also had some pointed things to say about perspective — both about his own and the audience's — and not only in his lyrics. "This isn't world music," he said at one point between songs. "This is our music." Set List:  "À L'Heure D'Été" "Mamy Wata" "I'm Going Home" "Nazongui" "Secours Populaire" "Karibu" "Congo"  Credits: Producers: Mito Habe-Evans, Anastasia Tsioulcas; Videographers: Olivia Merrion, A.J. Wilhelm; Editor: Gabriella Garcia-Pardo; Audio Engineer: Kevin Wait; Event Coordinator: Saidah Blount; Special Thanks: globalFEST, Webster Hall; Executive Producers: Anya Grundmann.

Ed Johnson and Novo Tempo - KUSP's Live at Lunch Sessions


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Question: In Iraq, Coordination With Iran Not Impossible, Gen. Dempsey Says

In an interview with All Things Considered, Gen. Martin Dempsey, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, declined to rule out coordination with Iran and Iranian-backed forces in Iraq. Dempsey also told NPR that one option in Iraq might involve U.S. air assets going after "high-value" individuals within the main Sunni insurgent group. "One of the things we need to find out is whether Iran is embedded in and advising and supporting the Iraqi security forces," Dempsey said. "It is really about understanding facts on the ground before we make a decision on how to address them." "We will look at Iran with a cold eye on where and when we may need to operate in the same space and toward what is potentially the same goal of countering" the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS. "But I can state with some assurance that their goals in Iraq are not going to be completely aligned with ours, and we're very clear about that," he told NPR's Melissa Block. "I'm not predicting that it's entirely impossible that we would at any point act collaboratively with Iran," he said. "But there's a long way to go between here and there, in my judgment." Dempsey's remarks were more nuanced than an earlier statement from the White House that seemed to rule out any possibility of coordination with Iran, which has long backed Shiite militias inside Iraq. Speaking to reporters aboard Air Force One on June 16, press secretary Josh Earnest said: "Any conversation with the Iranian regime will not include military coordination." Dempsey said the primary goal of the U.S. assessment team sent to Iraq was to determine if the Iraqi security forces "can be a credible partner moving forward," and whether Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki is willing to form a government of national unity. He said the assessment team needs to "get a look under the hood" of the Iraqi security forces to determine if they "remain committed to national unity, [what is] the sectarian makeup ... and the morale of the force, as well as understanding what capabilities, weapon systems, ammunition, etc., they have." Dempsey nonetheless expressed concern that the new insurgency in Iraq doesn't become "an issue between Sunni and Shia, with [the United States] taking one side or the other." He said two joint operation centers were being established with U.S. help — one in northern Iraq and one in Baghdad. "I think we've got this thing sized about right, with the right authorities and protections and the inherent right of self-defense in order to accomplish the task." He told NPR that an "additional option" that he's prepared for President Obama to consider is the possibility of using U.S. assets against "high-value individuals who are the leadership" of ISIS. "It includes potentially the protection of, in particular, critical infrastructure," he said. "And then there is the issue of blunting attacks by massed" ISIS forces, he said. "We're flying a great deal [of] manned and unmanned ... intelligence and reconnaissance assets, and we're building a picture so that if the decision were made to support the Iraqi security forces as they confront [ISIS], we could do so." Asked what he expects to happen next in Iraq, Dempsey said: "I believe that the [Iraqi security forces] will stiffen around Baghdad," followed by "a period of somewhat stalemate." He said there would "undoubtedly" be suicide attacks in Baghdad. "Then ... with Iraq, if it chooses to establish this national unity government," he said, "we will be deliberating on how to push back [ISIS] and take steps to lead to its eventual defeat."

Good morning, here are our early stories: Panetta: Don't Leap To Conclusions About Gen. Allen. Should Petraeus Scandal Be A Big Topic At Obama's News Conference Today? And here are more early headlines: Long Island Utility Chief Quitting Over Superstorm Sandy Response. (Newsday) Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi To Announce Decision On Her House Post. (Los Angeles Times) Anti-Austerity Strikes Underway In Several European Countries. (NBC) Chinese President Hu Jintao Leaves Political Office As Part Of Power Transition. (VOA) Second Day Of Protests In Jordan Over High Gas Prices. (Jordan Times) African Union Seeks U.N. Authorization To Invade Mali And Fight Islamist Militants. (AP) Pakistan To Release Some Afghan Taliban Prisoners To Help Peace Process. (Reuters) Car Bombs Kill Many In Iraq Ahead Of Islamic New Year. (BBC) Contraception Is A Human Right, Says U.N. Agency. (AP)


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Question: Quicktake Northwest 10-6-06

OPB's morning podcast of top news stories from around the Pacific Northwest.

Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)


Question: George Johnson on Sports

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NPR's Tavis Smiley looks at the world of sports with commentator George Johnson.

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Question: Obergefell V. Hodges May Go Down In History As Landmark Civil Rights Case

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The Supreme Court today heard arguments in Obergefell v. Hodges, a case which is likely to go down in the history books alongside other landmark civil rights cases. This one centers on two questions: first, whether there is a constitutional right to gay marriage, and second, if not, whether states that have bans on gay marriage have to recognize gay marriages performed in other states where it’s legal. Here & Now’s Jeremy Hobson talks with Harvard Law School professor Michael Klarman about the significance of Obergefell v. Hodges and where it fits in with other landmark Supreme Court cases, such as Brown v. Board of Education and Roe v. Wade. Guest

Michael Klarman, professor at Harvard Law School and author of “From the Closet to the Altar: Courts, Backlash, and the Struggle for Same-Sex Marriage.”

Stories: 1) Justice Stevens Reflects On The Court And Its Chiefs 2) A 'Zone' Full Of Zombies In Lower Manhattan


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Question: NPR News Agenda from the Thursday Editors' Meeting

First, this post-meeting news: Tour de France winner Floyd Landis has failed a doping test.  Tom Goldman is following the story and will have more as it develops. On the Middle East front, Linda Gradstein reports that Israel may be rethinking its strategy against Hezbollah after finding the fight tougher than expected.  Opposition parties in the Cabinet are beginning to express some concerns about the military's approach.  But popular support for the war among Israeli citizens remains high.  Also, Mike Shuster will have a report from northern Israel.  And from Lebanon, Jackie Northam will bring the story of one family's experience during the evacuation. Laura Sullivan has part two of her series on solitary confinement.  She'll look at prisons that are moving away from the Pelican Bay model and are trying new approaches to isolation.   And two stories of interest from the science desk.  Jon Hamilton reports that a group of scientists say it's a myth that global warming is causing a strengthening of tropical cyclones.  They argue that before 1990, even the best satellite data tended to underestimate the wind speed of storms.  And Chris Joyce will have a look at how the body's immune system responds to snake bites.

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Good morning. Our early posts today were: -- GOP  Contenders Hold 'Raucous' Debate In Vegas -- Posse  Continues Hunt For Escaped Animals In Ohio The day's other top headlines include: -- "Protesting Austerity Moves, Unions Shut Down Greece." (Morning Edition) -- "Euro Gains on Optimism Rescue Fund to Be Boosted; Dollar Drops." (Bloomberg Businessweek) -- "Gilad Shalit: Euphioria And Tears On Both Sides Of Divide." (The Guardian) -- Game 1 Of The World Series Set For Tonight. (Morning Edition) Game Time: 8:05 p.m. ET. TV broadcaster: Fox. -- "Radio Giant Norman Corwin Dies In Calif. At 101." (The Associated Press)


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Question: The Price of A Hyundai in Iran

To the US Government, imposing harsh economic sanctions on Iran was a necessary deterrent to the country's plans for nuclear development. For Amir, it meant losing years of savings. Now he's wondering whether to stay in his country or leave before the economy gets worse. Music by Drop Electric. Find us: Twitter/ Facebook. Subscribe to our show on Apple Podcasts, PocketCasts and NPR One.

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Question: Democratic Sen. Chris Coons On Testimony From Inspector General Michael Horowitz

NPR's Audie Cornish talks with Sen. Chris Coons, D-Del., about testimony regarding the Russian election interference probe by Justice Department Inspector General Michael Horowitz.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Marine: 'We're Starting To Fall To The Wayside'

A very small number of Americans are now serving in the military — less than 1 percent. Some are looking for direction; others are inspired by a sense of patriotism or by a family member who served in an earlier war. In the series Who Serves, NPR looks at those who have made a decision few others have — to fight in America's wars. Just after dawn one day last month, Sgt. Jon Moulder led his patrol of Marines out of  Combat Outpost Reilly — basically a collection of tents and sandbags  and razor wire — and headed down a dusty road in Afghanistan's Helmand  province. Moulder is a short, compact Marine from Nashville,  Tenn. He's on his fourth combat tour, split evenly between Iraq and Afghanistan. That's meant a lot of time away from home. "Yeah, it's this whole family thing, deploying and keep leaving,"  Moulder says. "I have my personal views and opinions on things." Moulder has a wife back home and two children — a 6-year-old from a previous marriage and a 2-year-old. This is likely his last deployment. But he acknowledges that this life is exciting. It's fighting America's enemies; it's danger; it's firefights. "It's the biggest adrenaline rush that you'll ever get," he says. "Not to say that I've done drugs but I don't think drugs could ever ... top the adrenaline rush of getting [into] a firefight." "That's why guys, when they get home, they just do dumb stuff. [You're] basically an adrenaline junkie for about [the] first month that you're back home from this type of place." 'You Never Know When Your Last Footstep Is' That adrenaline rush keeps him going. But all those deployments — and the endless patrols — take their toll. Moulder has lost several friends. Others have been seriously wounded, the most recent back in February. "My team leader this deployment — he lost half his right leg," he says. Out on that patrol, Moulder stopped at an Afghan security post. It's a small concrete building topped with the country's flag. A couple of Afghans joined the Marines, and they all headed off the road and began to cross a field. Moulder was relieved to take his patrol off that dirt road. Roads and footpaths hide the crude bombs that kill Americans. "I don't trust any roads, really. I hate roads, footpaths – that's what  sucks doing what we do. ... You never know when your last footstep is. Like,  next footstep could be your last. Next footstep could be losing limbs," he says. Slipping Away Moulder's had his share of near misses. And for him, and many of the Marines, the question is whether it's all worth it. Last month in Washington, the debate was about how many troops to bring home. When asked whether he felt that people back home care about the war, Moulder says, "I think we're starting to fall to the wayside." "This has been going on for so long," he adds. "Hell, you know, it's America's longest conflict running to date. ... We're kind of like the bastard children of our generation. Starting to become unwanted," Moulder says. He's feeling forgotten. And that's after having survived four roadside bomb explosions. He's suffered a concussion — he's having trouble sleeping and he's seeing a counselor about post-traumatic stress. At times, Moulder says, he feels himself slipping away. "Every time you come over here on deployment like this," he says, "it's like you lose ... a piece of yourself. Every time you come over here, little bit of [a] piece of humanity every time. And I don't want to hit that breaking point to where I have no respect for humanity left." Moulder has a little more than a month left on his deployment. He says he has to convince himself to go out each day and risk his life to help the Afghan people.

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Stories: 1) How 'Italian Food' Became A Global Sensation 2) Cyro Baptista: Sounds From Everywhere, Evoking Home 3) How Western Diets Are Making The World Sick 4) 'We're Broke': Empty Bank Accounts, Empty Meaning?


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Question: Gold Mail Boxes Honor Britain's Gold Medalists

Britain's Royal Mail has been honoring gold medalists by painting some of the iconic red post boxes gold. But after one town was left out, a local man took matters into his own hands.

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Stories: 1) A Band Of 'Brothers' And A Barrel Of Laughs 2) Probing China's Changing Character 3) New Silver Jews Album A 'Strange Victory'


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Question: Vast Hawaii Sea Area Now a National Monument

A vast chain of remote Hawaiian islands, teeming with endangered sea life, has become the nation's newest national monument  -- and the largest patch of protected ocean on earth. President Bush bestowed monument status on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, which span 1,200 nautical miles, on Thursday.  "To put this area in context, this national monument is more than 100 times larger than Yosemite National Park," President Bush said. "It's larger than 46 of our 50 states, and more than seven times larger than all our national marine sanctuaries combined. This is a big deal." Scientists say the area provides a rare example of the way oceans are supposed to be. Marine biologist Christopher Lowe, a professor at the California State University at Long Beach, knows this stretch of the Pacific well from countless hours on boats and diving under the surface. He says above the water, the island chain is somewhat bland. Most of the islands are barren sand or rock. But underwater, the coral reefs are spectacular. "It's not uncommon to see a dozen gray reef sharks or Galapagos sharks -- and these sharks range from four-to-nine-feet-long -- just swimming along, watching you, or to be surrounded by a school of 40-to-50-pound jacks," Lowe says. Jacks are silvery, carnivorous fish. Large jacks have been wiped out in many other parts of the world. Lowe says you see underwater scenes that don't exist elsewhere because most reef ecosystems have been destroyed by too much fishing.  "It's so remarkable to see large predators doing their thing in the wild, to see a tiger shark eat a fledgling albatross," he says. "It's awe-inspiring to see a 13-foot-shark launch out of the water to grab an albatross that's making it's first flight." Many presidents have long tried to protect this wild stretch of the Pacific. A century ago, Theodore Roosevelt named most of the islands a wildlife refuge. Six years ago, Bill Clinton designated the waters around the islands as a coral reef reserve.  President Bush wants to do more. Within five years, all commercial and recreational fishing will be prohibited. That's good news for the endangered monk seals. Scientists say these creatures were devastated because fishermen caught almost all of the spiny lobsters in the region. Elliot Norse, president of the Marine Conservation Biology Institute, calls today's declaration "the most important thing that President Bush has done for the environment since he took office." "I think it's one for the history books," Norse says. Usually, Norse is on the opposite end of environmental debates from President Bush. But like many environmentalist, he's thrilled with the announcement. And the decision isn't just important for the creatures. Protecting the area is especially meaningful for native Hawaiians like Aulani Wilhelm.  "The land, the sea, the creatures -- all the elements, really, are our ancestors," she says. "So for us, taking care of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands is obvious; it's like taking care of our elderly grandparents or people who have passed away. This connection is real for us." Wilhelm runs the reserve for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. She says it's not going to be easy for most Americans to visit this new national monument.  First you'll need to get a permit. Then, you have to fly Hawaii. From there, it takes three days by boat to get to the nearest part of the new monument. And the seas in this part of the Pacific have a reputation for being very rough. The only island where tourists will be allowed is Midway. It used to be a naval airbase, so it has roads, buildings and an air strip. Coral reef expert Donald Potts is there now. He says visitors will have to get used to the fact that creatures rule this place. "We ride bicycles -- one-speed bicycles -- because we have to navigate between the albatross, which are nesting on all the roads and tracks everywhere," Potts says. "They don't move for us. We go around them." Many scientists say the fewer people who visit the new monument, the better.  The reason the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are still so special is that few people have disturbed them. The scientists hope it stays that way.

Salinas Valley Suspected Source of Contaminated Spinach. Santa Ana Winds Fuel Ventura County Fire. Ballot Measure Campaign Spending. Northwest States Agree to Manage Ocean Jointly. End Music.


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Question: South Korea Admits Keeping Personal Data Of 2015 MERS Outbreak Patients

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South Korean health authorities say they are storing personal data of 2015 MERS outbreak patients. Privacy advocates say this is illegal and a flaw in a mostly successful contact tracing system.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Pentagon Says It Will Investigate Stray Arms Drop Over Syria. -- American Freed By North Korea Arrives Home. And here are more early headlines: Cameraman Recovers From Ebola In Nebraska Hospital. (USA Today) Indiana Police Search Empty Houses After Bodies Of 7 Women Found. (CNN) Congolese Wins Sakharov Prize For Efforts To Stop Rape As Tool Of War. (New York Times) U.S. To Announce Social Security Cost Of Living Increase For 2015. (AP) Apple's ICloud Service Hacked In China; Personal Data At Risk. (Wall Street Journal) Nearly 5 Million Faulty Airbags Recalled; Linked With 4 Deaths. (Washington Post) South Korea Takes Down Christmas Tree At Border With North. (BBC) New Jersey Woman's Pet Bobcat Is Missing. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: Former Walmart Pharmacists Say Company Ignored Red Flags As Opioid Sales Boomed

When Ashwani Sheoran showed up for early morning shifts at pharmacies in rural Michigan wearing his white Walmart smock, he often found customers waiting, desperate for bottles of pain pills. "I see my patients, 15 to 20, already lined up to get prescriptions filled for morphine sulfate, oxycodone and other straight narcotics," he said. This was in 2012 when the prescription opioid epidemic was exploding, killing tens of thousands of Americans every year. Sheoran, now 41, told NPR he kept seeing what the Drug Enforcement Administration considers "red flags." Patients were driving long distances to buy their pills from Walmart. They couldn't explain why they needed such powerful opioid doses. He started raising alarms, sending emails to his bosses in Michigan and to Walmart headquarters in Arkansas. He warned that their pharmacies were feeding a black market for opioids like Oxycontin. What happened next made him angry. "They start putting more pressure on me to just be quiet and not to say anything more," Sheoran said. "They told me, 'Do not reach out to the DEA, do not call the police. If you do so, your employment is going to be terminated immediately,' " Sheoran said, describing a warning he said was issued by his supervisor. Walmart is facing a public reckoning over its role in the nation's deadly opioid epidemic, which killed about 450,000 Americans from 1999 to 2018, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Justice Department, along with state and local governments, are suing the retail giant, claiming Walmart shipped and sold billions of highly addictive pills without proper safeguards. Walmart says the company acted responsibly. But Sheoran wasn't alone in raising concerns. An NPR investigation, based on interviews and government court filings, found that Walmart pharmacists warned for years about opioid sales that appeared dangerous or illegal. Red flags kept popping up Walmart operates more than 5,000 pharmacies nationwide, many located in rural areas hard hit by the opioid epidemic. Sheoran worked for roughly a year as a "floater" pharmacist at the company's stores in small towns north of Detroit, places like Bad Axe and Caro.   He said red flags kept popping up.  Prescriptions weren't filled out properly, and physician signatures sometimes appeared to be printed by a computer. When he tried to reach doctors to find out what was happening, he often couldn't get them on the phone. "Which is a direct indication that those prescriptions are not for any genuine medical purpose and instead are being abused by the patient and distributed on the street," Sheoran said. Under the Controlled Substances Act, doctors write prescriptions for their patients, but pharmacists like Sheoran are required to serve as a kind of second gatekeeper. It's their job to make sure that powerful, highly addictive drugs like opioids are dispensed and sold only for legitimate medical purposes. Sheoran said he often rejected suspicious prescriptions. Police records and emails reviewed by NPR show he also notified local police and the Drug Enforcement Administration. He was later suspended and then fired by Walmart early in 2013. He sued the company under a federal whistleblower statute, claiming his warnings went unheeded. That case is still pending. Other Walmart pharmacist raised alarms Internal company documents made public last month as part of a Justice Department lawsuit against Walmart show pharmacists all over the country warned Walmart executives about opioid sales that appeared unsafe. Pharmacists complained that dangerous "pill-mill" doctors were sending patients to Walmart after other chains stopped filling their opioid prescriptions. Pharmacists sent emails to Walmart executives saying they feared losing their licenses and their jobs because of opioid sales. According to the DOJ complaint, patients often paid in cash, also considered a red flag by the DEA.  A pharmacist at a Walmart store in Texas said filling opioid prescriptions "is a risk that keeps me up at night." As part of its complaint against Walmart, the Justice Department pointed to one case in North Carolina where a doctor was eventually sentenced to 20 years in prison for illegal opioid prescribing. "Walmart's own pharmacists reported concerns about the doctor up the corporate chain, but for years, Walmart did nothing except continue to dispense thousands of opioid pills," said Robert Higdon, the U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina, in a statement.   Walmart says federal regulators trying to shift blame Walmart declined NPR's repeated requests for interviews, and a spokesman didn't respond to a list of detailed questions. In an October complaint filed by Walmart against the DOJ and the DEA, company attorneys blamed the opioid epidemic on problem doctors and government regulators. As part of that filing, the company acknowledged it was warned about "red flags" by the DEA that could indicate prescriptions migh

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


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Question: Speculation Over Fate of Merrill Lynch CEO Swirls

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Merrill Lynch CEO Stan O'Neal is being forced out. The only thing up for negotiation is the terms of his departure. The firm logged a $2.3 billion loss in the third quarter and an $8.4 billion write off largely due to the subprime credit debacle. He also made overtures on the potential sale of the business without alerting the board. Sam Hayes, professor in Investment Banking at the Harvard Business School, speaks with Renee Montagne. RENEE MONTAGNE, Host:  Good morning. SAM HAYES: Good morning. MONTAGNE: Now, Merrill Lynch last week announced it's writing off nearly $8 billion. I mean, that's a stunning sum of money and it's 42 percent of the firm's revenue for the better part of this year. How did that happen? HAYES: Well, it was a part of the new plan of Mr. O'Neal to move in to areas of revenue generation that were higher profit margins. And he did underwrite the largest number of new collateralized debt obligations that any firm of the street did and earned about $800 million in the process. But he - and the process took on a very large amount of those bonds into his inventory. And when the subprime loan scandal broke, the value of that inventory plummeted and he was left with this huge loss which had to be taken as a loss for the whole corporation. MONTAGNE: So the risk that he took on - because it involves subprime mortgages and those various instruments - that risk was very much more risky than Merrill Lynch was used to? HAYES: Used to, and in fact now, it was more than it's understood that it had taken on as a risk. They were caught flat footed. They did not believe they had that much of a - an exposure. And the exposure was even underestimated as a little as a week ago. And so it's come as a great surprise to the internal management and, of course, to Mr. O'Neal. And worst of all, it's come as a great surprise to the board of directors. The board of directors do not like to get negative surprises. MONTAGNE: So it was also a surprise, as you just said, to Stan O'Neal himself, apparently. Although, isn't it the job of a hard-hitting financial leader to take a gamble? Was it that he went too far or was it that he didn't understand what he was doing, apparently? HAYES: I think it was the latter. He was in the business of taking risks, and he had been urging his organization to move into higher profit margin areas, even when there was the prospect of greater risk. But neither Mr. O'Neal nor the people who generated this business for him understood that they were moving out dangerously on the limb. MONTAGNE: Now, when Stan O'Neal came to Merrill Lynch, he had a sort of interesting both personal and professional history. He was an outsider in a couple of ways. HAYES: That's correct. He was not a stockbroker and he came from General Motors where he had been a finance professional. And he rose rapidly when he got to Merrill Lynch in the late '80s, and got to the point where he was tapped as being one of the future potential leaders for the business. He was able to beat out some other contenders for the top slot. And then he did a house cleaning which he fired a large number of the executives at the top who had been there for quite a long time, including some of his own supporters. MONTAGNE: When Stan O'Neal was made president five years ago, he made a point of changing the culture of this company. And Merrill Lynch has - was known as Mother Merrill with all the implications of sort of nurturing relationships. How much of that leadership style had to do with the board pushing him out - of course the board was mostly his appointees? HAYES: Well, that's right. I think the answer is that it wasn't that he made these changes, because he had the support of the board in making those changes. And as you point out, the board was a largely a bored of his own creation. So it was not that which was the problem. It was that the strategy which he undertook backfired. And when you have a large group of investors, outside investors, most of whom are institutions, very sophisticated and very demanding, the board recognized that, particularly in the wake of Sarbanes- Oxley, which is a new rule that put special burdens on the board, they had to move. MONTAGNE: I understand that last week Stan O'Neal asked Wachovia bank whether it wanted to buy Merrill Lynch. What effect did that have? HAYES: That was an absolute no-no. You do not make overtures on the potential sale of your business without alerting your board that you're making the overture. That was totally off the reservation. MONTAGNE: Sam Hayes is an investment banking specialist. He's been teaching at Harvard Business School for 30 years. Thanks very much. HAYES: It's my pleasure. MONTAGNE: And you can read a profile of Merrill Lynch's Stan O'Neal at npr.org.

Happy Friday - we're following these stories today: Reports Swirl That Spain Will Seek Bailout. 'Heavy' Syrian Army Presence Around City Near Suspected Massacre Site. Chesapeake Energy CEO In Hotseat Today. U.S. Trade Deficit Narrows As Imports And Exports Drop. (Bloomberg) Tornadoes Damage Homes In Colorado And Wyoming; One Hurt. (AP) Japan's Prime Minister Says Two Nuclear Reactors Must Restart To Protect Society. (Reuters) U.S. General Personally Apologizes For Afghan Airstrike That Killed Civilians. (AP) Malawi Won't Host African Union Summit Or Sudanese President, Who's Wanted For War Crimes. (VOA) Racist Taunts Thrown At Black Dutch Soccer Players In European Soccer Tournament. (Guardian) Young Black Bear Caught In Connecticut Neighborhood Was From New Jersey. (Norwalk Citizen)


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Question: In This Hour Of Czech Music

In this hour of Czech music we'll start with the third movement from Sinfonietta by Leos Janacek (LAY-awsh YAH-nah-chek) with Seiji Ozawa conducting the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, recorded in 1969 and recently re-released on a CD of 20th-century orchestral works. (EMI 7243 572664-2)

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Immigrant Rally at Capitol

A Labor Day rally in Phoenix drew hundreds of people marching in favor of immigrants' rights. The turnout was far smaller than the massive crowds that gathered for a similar event back in April, and this time there was a lot more opposition.

Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.


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Question: '1861': A Social History Of The Civil War

Historian Adam Goodheart explains how national leaders and ordinary citizens across the country responded to the chaos and uncertainty in 1861: The Civil War Awakening.

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Stories: 1) 'Headmaster' Has Still Got Plenty of Soul 2) Sarah Johns' 'Big Love in a Small Town'


Question: Torture, ticking time bombs, and the American way

I finally broke down and watched Michael Winterbottom's The Road To Guantanamo the other night. As cynical as I am, I still find it astonishing that this place remains open and that there are those who still justify its...

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For instance, <<['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', 'Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.\nOn Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]']>>  to "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan']"

Federal agents joked about migrants death, published report says. The international deal to curb Iran's nuclear capabilities is faltering. And, examining the new idea called restorative justice.


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Question: From One Of Ted's Recommended

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From one of Ted's recommended recordings, cellist Jacqueline Du Pre joins the London Symphony Orchestra, conducted by John Barbirolli, to play the finale of the Elgar Cello Concerto. (EMI CDC 7 47329 2)

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Question: Toshiko Akiyoshi's Jazz Orchestra Brought The Club To Concert Halls

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Pianist Toshiko Akiyoshi was the first Japanese musician to become popular with jazz fans in the U.S. Oscar Peterson demanded that his label record her; Charles Mingus hired her for his band. Then she went on to form her own acclaimed Jazz Orchestra. On Tuesday afternoon, Akiyoshi reassembled that group for a rare performance at the Appel Room at Jazz at Lincoln Center's Frederick P. Rose Hall. Back at the grand piano in her Upper West Side brownstone, 86-year-old Toshiko Akiyoshi says the occasion for her orchestra's reunion is to celebrate two milestones — when she started her professional career, and when she moved to the U.S. "It's very easy to remember, because I started in '46, so it will be the 70th anniversary," Akiyoshi says. "I came to this country in '56, so it will be the 60th anniversary in this country." Akiyoshi put together her first Jazz Orchestra in Los Angeles in 1973 with her husband, saxophonist Lew Tabackin — he was playing with the Tonight Show band, and helped fill her 16-piece orchestra with some of the best studio musicians in town. Akiyoshi says all of the sax players could also play flute and clarinet; that led to her signature style. "The saxophone players — if you wanted to be studio player, you had to double everything. So I thought, 'Maybe I can write a woodwind section.' And it became one of my trademarks." Along with the texture of woodwinds, the Toshiko Akiyoshi Big Band is distinctive in its use of Japanese instruments and themes. A few years after the band was formed, the musicians performed in Minneapolis, where a University of Minnesota student named Maria Schneider heard them play. "That concert was so powerful for me," Schneider says. "The music was so beautiful, and there was something about it being displayed in that concert hall — and her conducting and her playing — just the whole took me, and it made me all of a sudden ask the question, 'Wow, could I do that?'" Schneider is composing for and leading her own jazz orchestra. She says Akiyoshi helped pave the way. "It wasn't that she was a woman," Schneider says, "but it was that somebody was doing jazz that was infused with classical — it was concert music." Akiyoshi studied classical piano in Manchuria, China, where she was born in 1929. At the end of WWII, her family was forced to return to occupied Japan. "We came back and my parents lost everything," Akiyoshi says. "I could not hope to get the piano. And it was during occupation time. And [there were] many clubs: There was the officer's club, NCO club, the Sergeant's Club, and they all need musicians. On top of that, the Japanese wanted to dance, too, and there wasn't that many musicians. So I was hired immediately." Akiyoshi was a teenager. She studied jazz and began to perform in small combos. In 1952, pianist Oscar Peterson heard her in a Tokyo nightclub, and he persuaded the head of Verve Records to record her. Akiyoshi came to the U.S. to study at what was then called the Berklee School of Music in Boston. She was the first Japanese musician at the school. She moved to New York and developed a reputation as a fierce bebop player, but she says she wasn't completely accepted in the jazz world as a woman and an Asian. "In those days, 'Japanese play jazz, really?' And when it come to girl — 'Really, really?' kind of thing." Her husband, Lew Tabackin, says she continued to face discrimination, but he says they have no regrets. "I think we did pretty well, considering we had a band for 30 years," Tabackin says. "We did some really great things. You know, we made a contribution. How many people can actually feel that they've made a contribution?" Toshiko Akiyoshi disbanded her orchestra in 2003 to focus on her first love — and, at 74, to try to get better. "I started missing piano," Akiyoshi says. "Because I started as a pianist, and all my writing come from my experience as a player. So 30 years I say maybe I stop, disband it. Maybe I try to concentrate on playing piano. Maybe I'll be able to play just as good as before. I can at least try." Akiyoshi says she hopes she's given something back to jazz, which she says has been very kind to her.

Stories: 1) Saxophone Stylings, With A South-Asian Flair 2) Green Goes Blue With 'Grant's First Stand' 3) 'Her Peers': A Gutsy Anthology Of Women Writers


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Question: Charlottesville Rally Aimed To Defend A Confederate Statue. It May Have Doomed Others

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On Saturday, white supremacists converged on Charlottesville, Va. to protest the pending removal of a statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee. Their stated goal: to "take America back" — and to begin doing so by saving Lee's monument, which has become a lightning rod since the local city council voted to remove it earlier this year. Within hours, three people had died in the chaos surrounding the gathering — one of whom was rammed by a car allegedly driven by a rally attendee. And within three days, politicians in a number of cities, far from protecting their own Confederate monuments, had instead moved to hasten their removal. In Baltimore and Jacksonville, Fla., in Memphis and Lexington, Ky., local leaders acted to begin getting rid of these long-standing landmarks. "Mayors are on the razor's edge. When you see the tension. When you see the violence that we saw in Charlottesville," Lexington Mayor Jim Gray told a local CBS affiliate, "then you know that we must act." He said Sunday he has recommended to the city council that the statues depicting Confederate officers John C. Breckinridge and John Hunt Morgan be relocated to a new site where they would stand side by side with "two monuments to the Union effort." In their current location, the Confederate monuments stand on land that formerly played host to one of the South's largest slave auction blocks. "It's just not right that we would continue to honor these Confederate men who fought to preserve slavery on the same ground as men, women and even children were once sold into a life of slavery," Gray said in a video statement. "Relocating these statues and explaining them is the right thing to do." Meanwhile, in Memphis, city leaders re-asserted their longstanding resistance to Confederate monuments on public land, promising again to fight for those statues' removal. State lawmakers have required that these memorials could only be moved with a waiver from the Tennessee Historical Commission, which has previously rejected the city's attempts to remove a statue of Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest. "What Nathan Bedford Forrest stood for doesn't express the views of this community at this time," City Attorney Bruce McMullen told the local Commercial Appeal, "and it's counterproductive to what we want this community to be, and that is an inclusive community working together." Along with the still-pending waiver application to have Forrest's statue removed, McMullen told the paper the city plans to apply for a waiver to pull a monument to Confederate President Jefferson Davis from a park. In Baltimore, too, Mayor Catherine Pugh said Monday that she had reached out to contractors to discuss relocating the city's four monuments to the Confederacy, according to The Baltimore Sun. The city council president in Jacksonville, Fla., said Monday she is preparing a plan to relocate its Confederate monuments "from public property to museums and educational institutions where they can be respectfully preserved and historically contextualized." Elsewhere in Florida, in Gainesville, construction workers took down a 113-year-old Confederate statue Monday morning. "There was no riot. No protesters showed up," The Gainesville Sun reported. Some protesters did not even wait for city leaders. In Durham, N.C., shouting demonstrators pulled down a monument to Confederate soldiers, kicking it after it fell to the ground. In all, "at least 1,500 symbols of the Confederacy can be found in public spaces across the country, mostly in the Deep South," the Southern Poverty Law Center noted in a report last year. "Most were put in place during the early decades of Jim Crow or in reaction to the civil rights movement." And many of them remain flashpoints of controversy between those who wish to see them removed and those who see them as crucial markers of their community's past. As for Lexington, Gray said the relocation of his city's monuments would enable residents to "tell the story accurately and share a truthful history." "It's true that hiding our history won't allow our future generations to learn and avoid the same mistakes," Gray said. "But keeping monuments to those who fought to preserve slavery on this hallowed ground is simply not right."

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Fat Tuesday, California Style

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The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Steve Inskeep Reports Reform Party Nominee, Ross Perot,

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has named economist Pat Choht as his running mate and Vice Presidential choice. Choht will meet with reporters today.

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