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Question: How Hot Was It? July Was Warmest Month On Record For U.S.

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The all-red map tells the story. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration:  "The average temperature for the contiguous U.S. during July was 77.6°F, 3.3°F above the 20th century average, marking the warmest July and all-time warmest month on record for the nation in a period of record that dates back to 1895. The previous warmest July for the nation was July 1936, when the average U.S. temperature was 77.4°F."  Of course, the fact that it's been really hot isn't going to be a big surprise. Nor is the fact that much of the nation is gripped in an awful drought. As NPR's Christopher Joyce has reported, "among scientists, there's a growing view that these latest heat waves are indeed a result of climate change." What About In My State? Read More: Update at 1:15 p.m. ET. Another Way Of Looking At The Map. NOAA has also produced a map showing where last month's temperatures were significantly different from the 1981-2010 average. The darker the color, the more extreme (to the upside) the temperatures were. Update at 1 p.m. ET. Where July Ranks, State-By-State. A national average is one thing, but what about where you were last month? NOAA has a webpage showing how last month stands compared to other months of July in each of the "lower 48" states. July 2012 ranks as the hottest July on record in two states, North Dakota and Virginia. July 2012 makes it into the top 10 hottest Julys on record in 30 other states:  Arkansas Colorado Connecticut Delaware Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Missouri Montana Nebraska New Jersey New York North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming  Leaving 16 states where July 2012 wasn't at least a top 10, temperature-wise:  Alabama Arizona California Florida Louisiana Maine Mississippi Nevada New Hampshire New Mexico Oregon Rhode Island Texas Utah Vermont Washington

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Jared Kushner Says 'I Did Not Collude' Ahead Of Senate Committee Appearance. -- Russia Probe: Is The White House Trying To Discredit Muller? And here are more early headlines: Dozens Dead In Taliban Bombing In Afghanistan. (New York Times) Israeli Embassy Guard Kills Jordanian In Attack, 2nd Man Dies. (BBC) Russian Ambassador Kislyak Completes Assignment, Going Home. (CNN) Robot Finds Possible Melted Fuel In Fukushima Reactor. (Japan Times) 35 Uncontained Large Fires Burning In U.S. (U.S. Forest Service) Three Tropical Storms In Pacific Ocean Pushing Away From Mexico. (NHC) Scott Blumstein Wins World Series Of Poker And $8.1 Million. (ESPN) Survey Finds Average Cost Of A Gallon Of Regular Gas Up A Penny. (AP) Stubbs, Honorary Cat "Mayor" Of Talkeetna, AK, Dies. (KTVA)


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Question: 'The King's Breakfast'

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The King asked the Queen,And the Queen asked the Dairymaid:"Could we have some butter for the Royal slice of bread?"The Queen asked the Dairymaid,The Dairymaid said, "Certainly,I'll go and tell the cow nowBefore she goes to bed." The Dairymaid she curtsied,And went and told the Alderney:"Don't forget the butter for the Royal slice of bread."The Alderney said sleepily:"You'd better tell His MajestyThat many people nowadaysLike marmalade instead." The Dairymaid said, "Fancy!"And went to Her Majesty.She curtsied to the Queen, and she turned a little red:"Excuse me, Your Majesty,For taking of the liberty,But marmalade is tasty,If it's very thickly spread." The Queen said "Oh!"And went to His Majesty:"Talking of the butter for the Royal slice of bread,Many people think That marmalade is nicer.Would you like to tryA little marmalade instead?" The King said, "Bother!"And then he said, "Oh, dear me!"The King sobbed, "Oh, deary me!"And went back to bed."Nobody," he whimpered,"Could call me a fussy man;I only want a little bit of butter for my bread!" The Queen said, "There, there!"And went to the Dairymaid.The Dairymaid said, "There, there!"And went to the shed.The cow said, "There, there!I didn't really mean it;Here's milk for his porringer,And butter for his bread." The Queen took the butterAnd brought it to His Majesty;The King said, "Butter, eh?"And bounced out of bed."Nobody," he said,as he kissed her tenderly,"Nobody," he said,as he slid down the banisters,"Nobody, my darling,Could call me a fussy man — BUTI do like a little bit of butter to my bread!"

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Stories: 1) 'Headmaster' Has Still Got Plenty of Soul 2) Sarah Johns' 'Big Love in a Small Town'


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Question: Religious Holidays, Testing Dates Clash in Michigan

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In Michigan, testing required by the "No Child Left Behind" law falls during October. But as Detroit Public Radio correspondent Celeste Headlee reports, some parents and religious leaders are upset that testing conflicts with Muslim and Jewish holidays. Both Ramadan and the Jewish holy days of Rosh Hashannah and Yom Kippur are observed during the month.

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Lethal Injection On Trial. Greenhouse Gas Bill To Be Signed as Legal Fights Continue. End Music.


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Question: The Fences Where Spain And Africa Meet

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On a rocky beach in North Africa, a chain-link fence juts out into the Mediterranean Sea. This is one of Africa's two land borders with Europe, at two Spanish cities on the African continent. Ceuta and Melilla are Spanish soil — and thus part of the European Union — separated from the rest of Europe by the Mediterranean, and separated from the rest of Africa by huge fences. If someone manages to scale those fences, he lands in Europe. Tens of thousands of African and Arab migrants try to do that each year. Many have traveled hundreds of miles already, mostly from sub-Saharan Africa, but also from conflict zones like Syria or Somalia. Their journeys are similar to those many Latino migrants make northward to the U.S.-Mexico border. Thousands of people cross the Morocco-Ceuta border legally every day. Dozens more are believed to cross illegally — smuggled in the back of trucks, or hidden in secret compartments under cars or in their trunks. Others manage to scale a huge double fence, lined with anti-climbing mesh and patrolled by border guards. Still others swim. "Nine hours in the water — I was hungry!" says Mohamed Ba, 21, from Guinea Conakry in West Africa. "I didn't take my clothes or shoes. I was suffering." Ba swam around the fence near the Tarajal crossing between Morocco and Spain. He spent his family's life savings on the trip north to Morocco. He'd planned to pay smugglers to hide him in the back of a truck, to cross into Spain. But he got robbed. "I had 200 euros ($210) in my pocket. They pulled the money off me and they beat me. You see that?" he says, pointing out a long scar on his arm. "I begged them and pleaded, but they did not leave me alone." Broke, Ba was determined to reach Europe. He refused to turn back. So he waited until nightfall, and jumped into the water and swam — around the chain-link border fence topped with barbed wire. At times, he had to hold his breath underwater, to avoid being seen by Spanish border guards. Nine hours later, shivering, he emerged onshore in Spain the next morning. "It was cold, and I didn't have anything with me," he says. A Red Cross team treated him for the early stages of hypothermia. This was back in September, when the Mediterranean is at its warmest. Ba is one of the lucky ones. In February 2014, at least 15 Africans died trying to swim around the same fence, when border guards fired rubber bullets at them in the water. Sixteen Spanish troops have been indicted in that incident. "That was a monumental mistake, but we work under so much pressure," says Juan Antonio Delgado, a Civil Guard spokesman. "You've got 500 desperate Africans face to face with 50 of us guards. It's very dramatic. They're absolutely determined to get across." Thousands do, with the potential to overwhelm public services in Ceuta, a city of about 85,000. The local jobless rate tops 30 percent, without including migrants, all of whom are unemployed. Spain is asking for more EU help to secure its border and prevent migrants from entering. Moroccans who reach Ceuta illegally are automatically deported, because of a bilateral treaty between Spain and their country. But many African countries have no such treaties. And many migrants try not to disclose their origin, so Spanish officials can't deport them. Once a migrant enters Spain, he or she has two options: Claim political asylum, or be considered an "economic migrant" — Ba. "I need a job because my people have nothing, and my father is dead," he says, explaining why he left his native Guinea. He says his dream is to someday work in Barcelona and send money home to his family. "I have only my mom and two younger sisters. I want to give them food and help them. ... They are all in Guinea." One of the first people many migrants encounter is Germinal Castillo, a Red Cross worker who's part of a team of first responders dispatched to Ceuta's beaches and port, where scores of migrants turn up. "They're often in a terrible, horrible state. Most often it's hypothermia," says Castillo, who treats an average of about 20 migrants a week in winter — and sometimes 10 times that in summer. "The problem is that they arrive without any documents. They kiss the ground, but then they have to wait months for visas and work permits." "They're all looking for a better life," he says. "They're looking for what we already have." While they wait for that paperwork, migrants are housed in local immigration and asylum centers — huge, prisonlike fortresses nestled in the hills of Ceuta and Melilla and across mainland Spain. Many of the centers are filled beyond capacity, and human rights groups have complained of abuses. Migrants must adhere to curfews and mealtimes but can otherwise come and go freely despite big metal bars and razor wire around the centers. I met Ba at one of these facilities, where West African men milled around outside, smoking and drinking beer. Ba has been awaiting the paperwork he needs to travel elsewhere in Europe. Finally, after s

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Stories: 1) Blackwater: Private Army In The News Again 2) What's The Word? How English Evolved This Decade


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Question: Iowa Caucuses Expected to be Close

NPR's Alex Chadwick talks with NPR's Ken Rudin about tonight's caucuses in Iowa. It's shaping up to be one of the closest contests ever among the Democratic presidential candidates.

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Racism Towards Obama Causes Honduran Official's Firing

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Honduras' interim president Roberto Micheletti fired his foreign minister Enrique Ortez late yesterday for some virulent racism he directed at President Barack Obama. An excerpt from the Associated Post:  Micheletti also replaced his newly appointed foreign minister who caused a flap by repeatedly referring to President Barack Obama as "a little black man who doesn't know anything" and a "little black field hand." He named Roberto Flores, Honduras' former ambassador to the United States, to replace Enrique Ortez late Wednesday.   Ortez has been a prominent spokesman for Micheletti, defending the coup as legal because congress and the Supreme Court had ruled Zelaya violated the constitution by pursuing a referendum on retooling the charter.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- McCain Takes Swipe At President For Vietnam 'Bone Spur' Deferment. -- Director James Toubek Accused Of Harassment By Dozens Of Women. -- AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka Wins A Third 4-Year Term. -- Digging In The Mud To See What Toxic Substances Were Spread By Hurricane Harvey. -- David Letterman Honored With Twain Award For American Comedy.  And here are more early headlines: Schumer Seeks "CEO" For Disaster Recovery In Puerto Rico. (The Hill) Sgt. Bergdahl's Sentencing Hearing Opens Today. (CNN) Vietnam Veteran Who Saved Dozens To Receive Medal Of Honor. (ABC) Catalan Officials To Resist Spanish Government Takeover. (BBC) After Criticism, W.H.O. Rescinds Zimbabwe Leader's Appointment. (Washington Post) Philippines Says Assault On Marawi Militants Is Over. (Reuters) India's Government Tells Myanmar To Take Back Rohingyas. (AP)


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Question: NPR Student Podcast Challenge Returns For 2nd Year

The NPR Student Podcast Challenge returns for a second year. Last year more than 25,000 students from all 50 states participated, raising the voices of young people on a wide range of issues.

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The Radio Television Digital News Association announced today the 2021 National Edward R. Murrow Award recipients and NPR earned four awards!  The winner of the Radio Network: Feature Reporting award was "Coaxing Cops To Tackle Cybercrime? There's An App For That." The team included: Martin Kaste and Denice Rios   The winner of the Radio Network: Digital award was "The Last Surviving 'Sex Slaves' of WWII Philippines." The team included: Julie McCarthy, Ella Mage and photojournalist Cheryl Diaz Meyer along with Nicole Werbeck, Ben de la Cruz, Xueying Chang, Malaka Gharib, Marc Silver, and Preeti Aroon. The digital version was produced in tandem with a radio documentary that aired on Weekend Edition Sunday, and that team included: Julie McCarthy, Ella Mage, Nishant Dahiya, Ned Wharton, and photojournalist Cheryl Diaz Meyer.   The winner of the Excellence in Video award for radio and television was "What To The Slave Is The Fourth Of July?" The team included: Nick Michael, Mito Habe-Evans, Tsering Bista, Alicia Zheng, Josh Newell, Becky Lettenberger, Leah Donnella, Keith Jenkins, and Anya Grundmann, along with Quincy Ledbetter, Jennifer Crandall, Alvin McBean, and Sonny Alejandra.   The winner of the Hard News Award in Network Radio is "As The Nation Chants Her Name, Breonna Taylor's Family Grieves A Life 'Robbed'". The Team included: Ari Shapiro, Jason Fuller, Becky Sullivan and Sarah Handel.   Congratulation to NPR Member Stations for National Murrow Award wins:  Overall Excellence WBHM - Birmingham, AL Continuing Coverage Four Major Wildfires Engulf California's Central Coast 90.3 KAZU - Monterey Bay Area, CA Digital At The Finish Line WUFT News - Gainesville, FL Excellence in Diversity, Equity & Inclusion KUNR and Noticiero Móvil's bilingual pandemic coverage KUNR Public Radio, Noticiero Móvil and This Is Reno - Reno, NV Excellence in Innovation COVID Between the Coasts WNIN and the University of Evansville - Evansville, IN Excellence in Sound High School Football Takes The Field; An Attempt At Normal During Pandemic NET - Lincoln, NE - Nebraska Public Media Excellence in Video Despite Increasing Demand, Some W.Va. Apple Farmers Struggle West Virginia Public Broadcasting - Charleston, WV Excellence in Writing 'He Didn't Deserve To Die' State COVID Policy Remains As Disease Surges South Dakota Public Broadcasting - Sioux Falls, SD Feature Reporting 'Our Moms Have To Talk': Pocket Dial Connects Grieving Moms Vermont Public Radio - Colchester, VT Hard News Fentress Released Radio IQ/WVTF - Roanoke, VA Investigative Reporting From Never Again To Again: Politics Trump Environmental Concerns About Mount Rushmore Fireworks South Dakota Public Broadcasting - Sioux Falls, SD News Documentary Grandfamilies of the Opioid Crisis West Virginia Public Broadcasting - Charleston, WV News Series Committed: How and Why Children Became The Fastest Growing Group Under Florida's Baker Act WFSU Public Media, Health News Florida and USC-Annenberg Center for Health Journalism - Tallahassee, FL Newscast Alaska News Nightly, Dec. 2, 2020 Alaska Public Media - Anchorage, AL Podcast Brave Little State Vermont Public Radio - Colchester, VT Sports Reporting High School Football Takes The Field; An Attempt At Normal During Pandemic NET - Lincoln, NE Overall Excellence WLRN News - Coral Springs, FL Continuing Coverage The pandemic's economic fallout in Oregon OPB - Portland, OR Digital Texas Public Radio Digital Coverage Texas Public Radio - San Antonio, TX Excellence in Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Shots in the Back: Exhuming the 1970 Augusta Riot Georgia Public Broadcasting and Jessye Norman School of the Arts - Atlanta, GA Excellence in Innovation COVID Diaries WDET and Documenting Detroit - Detroit, MI Excellence in Sound New Year's Day Music That Hasn't Been Heard in 500 Years KQED - San Francisco, CA Excellence in Video Atomic Vet Goes Back To Jazz School CT Public - Hartford, CT Excellence in Writing A Sarcastic Poker Player And Food Bank Volunteer: Family Remember A Kansas Citian Lost To COVID-19 KCUR 89.3 - Kansas City, MO Feature Reporting The Godfather of Clubbing KUT - Austin, TX Hard News Maryland Foster Children Stay in Hospitals Because They Have Nowhere Else To Go WYPR 88.1 FM - Baltimore, MD Investigative Reporting Older and Overlooked KQED - San Francisco, CA News Documentary What the President Knew WBUR/ON POINT - Boston, MA Dying on the Sheriff's Watch WBUR - Boston, MA Podcast Motive Season 3 WBEZ Chicago - Chicago, IL Sports Reporting As Winter Sports Resume, Parents And Schools Face A Painful Choice WGBH Educational Foundation - Boston, MA Congratulations to our Student Winners: Excellence in Audio Feature Reporting Slavery On Long Island: The History That We Forget To Remember WSHU Public Radio Sacred Heart University and the Stony Brook University School of Journalism Excellence in Audio Hard News Race Relations in the Country and Community on Minds Voters say in Your Election Blueprint WAER Syracuse Universit


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Question: Letters: Reaction To Former Bush Administration's Paul Wolfowitz

Listeners were both engaged and enraged by Guy Raz's interview Saturday with former Bush Administration official Paul Wolfowitz.

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News Headlines: Sept. 26, 2007 AP: Lawmakers Seek Jena 6 Teen's Release -- "'Our first responsibility is to get young Mychal Bell out of prison,' said Rep. John Conyers, the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, who said he will pressure the Justice Department to take a hard look at 'the miscarriages of justice that have occurred in Jena, Louisiana.'" Jesse Jackson says Pres. Bush should intervene in this case. Should he? More Headlines:The AJC: Cosby, Morehouse Chief: Parenting Is the Answer Chicago Tribune: Family Steps Up Search for Missing Chicago Woman The AJC: Tyler Perry Property Dispute Creates Drama Radio Free Europe: At UN, Bush And Ahmadinejad Talk Poverty, Tyranny | Bush's UN Speech Full of Phonetic Pronunciations AP: Giuliani $9.11 Party Draws Criticism From Dodd CBS News: Subtle Racism Might Make Your Brain Hurt AP: Group Points Out O'Reilly Race Comments Reuters: Smithsonian Opens Virtual African American Museum The New York Times (Editorial): Detroit at the Brink NBC News: Verdict In: Bonds Ball Headed for Cooperstown [An update to our interview with Marc Ecko.]


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Question: Taking Stock: NPR's Ferguson Coverage So Far

The Ferguson story has moved off the streets and into the grand jury room, which is to say that there is a lull in the reporting in this otherwise emotive story. The quiet is a good time to take stock of just how well NPR has done so far. The scores of emails that have come in from listeners over these past weeks have mostly dealt with the issues themselves coming out of Ferguson, and not focused on NPR's coverage. By itself, that says something: listeners have found no major problems with the coverage. I think most of us agree that NPR's reporters, editors and social media teams acquitted themselves well. What follows are smaller prickly complaints, a major kudo for radio at its best, and responses from the newsroom. Several listeners wrote to complain about the use of the word "thuggish" by All Things Considered host Robert Siegel in referring to Michael Brown, the young black man whose death in a shooting by a police officer set off the riots. As Kenisha Ford of Capitol Heights, Md., wrote:  During the interview with Dorian Johnson's lawyer, I found the use of the term "thuggish" to be a poor choice of words to describe Mr. Brown's actions at the convenience store. I am in no way excusing his actions in that store, but the use of the term also seems to question Mr. Johnson's character unnecessarily, especially since the security footage shows he did not take anything. The term thug continues to be disproportionately applied to black men and not to men of other races who are behaving in a similar fashion. It continues to perpetuate the idea that black men are inherently more dangerous and thereby deserve harsher treatment. That's not usually NPR's style.  Sabrina Urquhart of Seattle, Wash., added that, "Mr. Siegel needs to apologize and understand that his language merely inflames the already volatile situation." Siegel, never a shrinking violet, responded:  First, by coincidence I used the same word last week to describe the dictators Sen. Rand Paul would evidently prefer to "instability." I had in mind Mideastern, European, Asian, African and Latin American thuggish dictators. Listeners may hear the implication of 'black' in the word 'thug.' I just don't. Second, Michael Brown should not have been shot. He was unarmed and suspected at worst of walking down the middle of the street. If the cop who killed him doesn't have a surprisingly compelling explanation, he should be held criminally accountable. But, sadly for his parents, the last recorded glimpse of Michael Brown's life shows him committing a petty theft and, when caught in the act, using his heft to forcibly "dis" a man doing a humble job. He was not falling short of an overly demanding standard of behavior. This certainly does not justify what befell Brown a quarter of an hour later. To my mind, though, it is at least as germane to the story as the fact that he was about to start college (cops shouldn't shoot dropouts either) and at least as germane as remembrances of Michael Brown as a "gentle giant." By the way, what is an appropriate adjective for his behavior in that convenience store?  His is a good question. The host's job is a stressful one in which it's all too easy to make miscues on the fly. Siegel is an institution on air precisely because he is so expert at weaving through the sometimes-dangerous waters of live radio, and in this case I think he captured a nuance that seemed to surround Brown's actions that morning. But I can understand the complaints, too, in what was a grey area in which well-meaning people will disagree. Please propose what language you would have preferred. Some listeners took their complaints in the other direction. They pointed to a recent shooting of a white teenager, Dillon Taylor, by a black police officer in Salt Lake City, and asked why it did not get similar NPR attention. As David Keele of Reno, Nev., wrote:  The incident in Ferguson involving the officer shooting is a worthy news story and I am glad that it is getting coverage. However, for balance, shouldn't the Dillon Taylor story out of Utah also get some air time? It is nearly identical in circumstance and also has racial overtones. I feel it would represent the balance which NPR strives to achieve.  Ardith Lippert of Bismarck, N.D., more pointedly asked, "Doesn't it have the same buzz as a black 300 lb. kid shot by a white police officer? You don't see how biased you are?" Mark Memmott, NPR's standards and practices editor, responded last week about the Dillon Taylor story:  We have been aware of the story. Later this week, officials are due to release information about what happened and that could give us an opportunity to report about it. In the meantime, there's been another police-involved shooting in that part of the country. There's no good way to say this, but local stories – even tragic ones – often don't make it on to national news networks. And sometimes it takes another such tragedy or (as in the case of what happened in Ferguson) protes

Stories: 1) Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'After The Earthquake' 2) From Bop To Baroque: The Modern Jazz Quartet 3) Heads Up, TV Fans: Great Shows Start This Week


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Question: A Church Divided Over Gay Clergy: Interview

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Host Scott Shafer talks with Kevin Eckstrom, editor of the Washington D.C.-based Religion News Service about the compromise offered by the national Episcopal Church.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Question: Responding To Your Letters

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Farai Chideya and News & Notes editor Sasa Woodruff read and respond to listeners' e-mails. The bulk of this week's mail concerns the announced cancellation of the broadcast.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: The Best Five Books To Share With Your Friends

Those of us who are forever pushing books onto friends harbor few illusions about the practice. We know we may never get the books back and that, if we do, they'll bear scars of their journey — rings of dried coffee on the frontispiece, a spine so badly cracked it cries out for orthopedic surgery.   But that's fine. We inveterate book-lenders are not collectors. And while we value the solitary experience of reading, we relish the act of passing a book along, of becoming a vector for the author's language, characters, imagery and arguments.   Below, a short list of books I've pressed into other people's hands over the past year. On the surface, they've got little in common. Obsession figures largely in several — and meteors, too, weirdly enough. But the thing that truly unites these books is the urge they spark to send them out into the world so that they might sink their hooks into someone else.  Of course, this is the season of giving, not lending, so even if you haven't devoured these books yourself, know that any of them would make a fine gift. But be prepared: In a week or two, the recipient might just show up at your doorstep breathless, eyes blazing: "Man, you gotta read this thing."   Production Diary From The Heart Of Darkness Conquest of the Useless: Reflections from the Making of Fitzcarraldo, by Werner Herzog, hardcover, 306 pages, Ecco Books/Harper Collins Press. List price: $24.99 The hero of the 1982 film Fitzcarraldo becomes obsessed with transporting a steamship to a remote Peruvian village, even if it means having to pull that ship's 320-ton bulk over a mountain. Director Werner Herzog spent three hellish years in the Amazonian jungle making the movie, eschewing special effects to pull an actual steamship over an all-too-real mountain using only enormous pulleys — and the sweat of hundreds of indigenous people. (Read about a woodsman who amputated his own foot with a chainsaw after being bitten by a poisonous snake.) The infamously ill-fated production, beset by delays, disease, death and no small amount of dementia, was detailed in the documentary Burden of Dreams. But where that film offered a faithful chronicle of the chaos that surrounded cast and crew, it could only hint at the mysterious motivations of Herzog. In the pages of Conquest of the Useless, we are privy to his darkest thoughts, his often disquieting waking dreams, his fascination with the natural world, and his complicated, deeply conflicted feelings for the jungle around its people. Herzog captures all of this in lyrical, feverish prose that offers an intimate portrait of an artist whose life's work explores the place where determination shades into madness.   Alchemy: Word + Image = Narrative Gold Asterios Polyp, by David Mazzucchelli, hardcover, 344 pages, Pantheon. List price: $29.95 David Mazzucchelli's boldly ambitious, boundary-pushing graphic novel is remarkable for the way it synthesizes word and image to craft a new kind of storytelling, and for how it makes that synthesis seem so intuitive as to render it invisible. The book, about a pompous middle-aged architect who sets out on a quest that forces him to rethink his worldview — and himself — employs deliberately clashing styles: Take, for example, the way its protagonist is drawn with a crisp, exacting blue line, while his wife is constructed out of rough red shapes; during their courtship, Mazzucchelli allows man and woman to take on shades of each other's color and aspects of each other's form. (See Mazzucchelli's figures in a gallery of pages from the book.) Asterios Polyp is a fast, fun read, but it's also a work that has been carefully wrought to take optimum advantage of comics' hybrid nature — it's a tale that could only be told on the knife-edge where text and art come seamlessly together.     The Short Story, Reduced To Its Essence The Collected Stories of Lydia Davis, hardcover, 733 pages, Farrar, Straus and Giroux. List price: $30  Many of Lydia Davis' short stories never even make it to the bottom of the page. Some consist only of a sentence or two. (Read some of Davis' short short stories.) To read her assembled works — and the bricklike Collected Stories includes some 200 of them — is to turn her crystalline prose over in your mind and allow its flashes of mordant wit to glitter and dazzle. But even at their most spare, Davis' stories never seem slight — like Grace Paley, she has mastered the art of crafting sentences that carry the allusive, stand-alone power of poetry even as they service the demands of narrative.  Despite a long career writing what she calls her "eccentric little stories" (Davis' first collection appeared in 1976), a 2003 MacArthur "genius" grant, being a National Book Award finalist in 2007, and her well-received translations of Foucault, Proust and others, Davis remains one of those writers not enough people know about.  Here's hoping this collection — a quiet, witty, thoroughly absorbing read — may finally change that.    Of S

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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Women's Car-Shopping Tactics Steer Them Toward Better Deals

When it comes to buying cars, women do their homework — and it pays off. A recent report from LeaseTrader.com finds women generally get better deals than men when they buy cars. John Sternal of LeaseTrader tells NPR's Sonari Glinton on Morning Edition that women's participation in car buying is changing. "Our data specifically says that women not only have a larger interest in cars overall, but women today are taking a more active role in the negotiating process of a vehicle and in the car-shopping process in general," Sternal says. An emailed press release from LeaseTrader says female consumers "also ask different and more thorough questions than [male] buyers." Read More Safety performance, incident history and vehicle functionality topped women's list of concerns, while driving performance, engine performance and aesthetics were among men's primary concerns. Sternal says women do more research than men beforehand, particularly on the Internet, which helps them get better deals. Sonari reports that according to Kelley Blue Book, women are more likely to decide on a price before they go shopping for their next car, which also translates into savings. Rebecca Lindland, a senior automotive analyst with IHS Automotive, tells Sonari she's often ignored or talked down to while car shopping:  "We know that people expect us to fail, to some extent. That people think that we're not going to know what we're talking about. So we overprepare, we overcompensate. We don't go into a dealership to browse. We go in, and we know exactly what we want."  The Time Moneyland blog reports the survey "demonstrates that the assumption that women are clueless  pushovers easily taken advantage of by car sellers couldn't be more  wrong." Another indication of the growing influence of women in the car market might be the first annual "2011 Heels & Wheels" event in California, a gathering of media and automotive professionals. The organization, according to its Facebook page, was founded in February 2011 to "honor women as a major force in the automotive purchase decision." A blog from Polk, an automotive research firm, mentioned Heels & Wheels in a recent post:  "Women have more to say when it comes to the design of future vehicles, and organizations like these will probably grow in popularity."  Polk also points out Cars.com, which provides "Mother Proof" car reviews geared toward moms. For example, a Jan. 25 review begins:  "I can't help but smile when I see a child-safety seat in a small car's backseat. I like to think of these folks as rebels proclaiming to the world that having a family doesn't relegate them to a life of minivans."  As Sonari has reported for NPR in the past, women are still working on breaking through the car industry's glass ceiling. Christine Park, 28, is one of a small number of women in the car design industry. Sonari has also glimpsed into the world of female product specialists, who stand next to cars during auto shows. Often, one former specialist says, attendees assume they're models without any knowledge of the cars:  "It's pretty funny when a guy comes up and says, 'Well, you don't know much about this car,' and then I rattle off the horsepower, the torque, what the camshafts and the pistons do and when they fire,' she says. 'I like to put people in their place."  STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:  Now, when it comes to the process of buying a car, you may or may not find the following fact surprising: Women get better deals than men. A new study shows women do a lot more background work when car shopping. NPR's Sonari Glinton reports on one of the hidden powers of the Internet. SONARI GLINTON, BYLINE: Buying a car is all about information - knowing about the car, the price, the financing terms. John Sternal is with LeaseTrader.com and he's been studying how men and women shop for cars. JOHN STERNAL: Our data specifically says that women not only have a larger interest in cars overall, but women today are taking a more active role in the negotiating process of a vehicle and in the car-shopping process in general. GLINTON: Sternal says women do more research, especially on the Internet than men, and because of that they get better deals. And according to Kelley Blue Book, women are more likely to decide on a price before they go shopping for their next car, which also translates into savings. REBECCA LINDLAND: The assumption still remains today that women aren't car people. GLINTON: Rebecca Lindland is certainly car person. She's a senior analyst with IHS Automotive. She says even when she goes car shopping she's often ignored or talked down to. LINDLAND: We know that people expect us to fail, to some extent. That people think that we're not going to know what we're talking about. So we over-prepare, we overcompensate. GLINTON: Lindland says part of the reason women do more research is a defense mechanism - they want to avoid the hassle of the dealership. LINDLAND: We don't go into a dealership to browse. We go in,

Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Baratunde Thurston Explains 'How To Be Black'

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It's no coincidence that Baratunde Thurston's new memoir and satirical self-help book How to Be Black was slated for release on the first day of Black History Month. "I feel great about that," Thurston tells Fresh Air's Terry Gross. "I think we have a moment every year in our country where everyone buys black stamps and thinks more explicitly about black people and blackness, so it was a perfect month to release a book on this subject." Thurston, a stand-up comedian and The Onion's digital director, says that he doesn't get as many gigs this month as one might think. "There aren't as many black spokespersons to go around, so I'm happy to play that role from time to time," he says. "But I think this year will probably be a little bigger than years past." That's because How to Be Black is partially a practical guidebook for anyone looking to befriend or work with a black person, become the next black president or challenge anyone who says they speak for all black people. But the book isn't just filled with comedic advice. Thurston weaves together his comedy with thoughtful missives about his own education at Sidwell Friends and Harvard University, and his childhood in one of the worst crack-addled neighborhoods in Washington, D.C. His father was killed in a drug deal when Thurston was 6. His mother was what he describes as a "pan-African hippie type of woman who marched in the streets" and named him Baratunde as a way to "get back to Africa." "My version of being black adheres as much to the stereotypes as it dramatically breaks from them," he writes in How to Be Black. "And that's probably true for most of you reading this: if not about blackness itself, then about something related to your identity. Through my story, I hope to expose you to another side of the black experience while offering practical, comedic advice based on my own painful lessons learned." Baratunde When Thurston went to school, his teachers shortened his name — which means "one who is chosen" in Nigeria —  and started calling him "Barrington." They later shortened it to "Barry." "Baratunde was a little strange for them," he says. "I was a child and had no freedom, so I was 'Barrington' and then 'Barry' and then in 7th grade, it just clicked for me. My name's Baratunde. It's a great name. People should call me that." It took some time, but Thurston eventually retrained his classmates to call him Baratunde. "People assume there's a nickname, and they just jump to it, or they say, 'What do people call you for short?' And I say 'Baratunde. Just say it faster. It can save you time and be a little bit more efficient if you're worried about the time.' " Thurston says he often encounters different assumptions based on his name, depending on his audience. Nigerians immediately think he's from Africa, and then are disappointed to learn that he's not. The reaction from Americans, meanwhile, is also mixed. "American-born black people don't have that much of a reaction, because American blacks are used to interesting names in our community," he says. "And then from white Americans, it's the assumption of, 'Well, you have to have a nickname' or 'What does it mean?' Because it has to have some sort of superdeep meaning. So the name for me became a prism, because Baratunde has such a strong sound ... so it signals to people, 'This is definitely not a white dude. Maybe he's a black dude or an African dude.' But the reaction from the actual Nigerian community — which is 'You're not one of us either' — was a fun thing to experience growing up." Thurston says his name wasn't the only indication that he straddled two worlds as a kid. On the weekdays, he attended the private Sidwell Friends  School, where he played lacrosse and hockey and hung out with kids whose parents ran the State Department and the World Health Organization. But every Saturday, he attended what he calls "a Hebrew School or Bar Mitzvah for Blackness" in the Washington neighborhood of Columbia Heights. "[My mother] enrolled me in a 'Rights of Passage' program," he says. "Every Saturday morning, we'd have physical training, we'd read books like The Isis Papers, and we would dance and do all kinds of cultural and intellectual activities to ground us in what they thought was a more appropriate Africanness in that era ... But even at home, it didn't stop. My mom had this map of Africa on her bedroom wall, and she'd actually quiz me." Growing Up In Washington, D.C. Thurston's mom raised him by herself after his father was killed. He remembers his mother telling him his father was dead after receiving a phone call from the police. "I started crying," he says. "And it's such a strange thing to think about because I know what those words mean now — I've experienced death as an adult — and hearing those words and having those feelings at 6, they're a little different. So I know I had a physical reaction, but it wasn't until years later that I fully understood what that meant." Thurston says he reme

Stories: 1) How Birth Control And Abortion Became Politicized 2) Life Without Plot In 'Leaving The Atocha Station' 3) 'Four The Record,' Lambert Comes To Terms With Herself


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Question: Casino Cuisine Beyond The Bland Buffet

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Labor Day marks the unofficial end of summer. For many, this means one last getaway before it is back to school time for the kids or its back to work for adults. But often Labor Day means a time to dine on delicious food. Two casino chefs whose dining rooms have become popular destinations on the culinary map of the United States, talk about their latest creations. Chef Raymond Carter is the Chef de Cuisine at Harrah's Tunica Roadhouse, a casino near Memphis, Tenn., and Kevin Goodwin is executive chef at Harrah's Casino in New Orleans. Both restaurants are featured in a new cookbook: The Seven Stars Cookbook: Recipes from World-Class Casinos.

Stories: 1) Turning Poverty Into A Multibillion-Dollar Industry 2) John Prine: Midwestern Mind Trips To The Nth Degree


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Question: Ron Dellums and Youth Culture

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Youth Radio's King Anyi Howell says Ron Dellums embrace of youth and youth culture is a hopeful sign for a new Oakland.

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: 'Demagogue' Draws Direct Line From McCarthy To Trump

Author Larry Tye chronicles Sen. Joseph McCarthy's infamous smear campaign in a new book, 'Demagogue.' He says both McCarthy and President Trump are "bullies" who exploit fears and "point fingers when they're attacked."

Book critic Maureen Corrigan reviews the novel 'Want' by Lynn Steger Strong.

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Question: Paperback Nonfiction Bestsellers For Aug. 5

Compiled from weekly surveys of close to 500 independent bookstores nationwide in collaboration with the American Booksellers Association. This list reflects sales ending Aug. 1. Book descriptions are based in part on publishers' information.

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Below you can find the complete list of recommended reading for Summer 2008. To print this list, choose the "Print Page" icon in the upper righthand corner. Click on the titles to read an excerpt from the book. Recommended Books Recommended by Nancy Pearl(Carry-On Books to Take You Up, Up and Away) The Arrival, by Shaun Tan, Young Adult, hardcover, 128 pages, List Price: $19.99Bangkok 8, by John Burdett, Vintage, paperback, 336 pages, List Price: $13.95Chester, by Mélanie Watt, Kids Can Press, hardcover, 34 pages, List Price: $16.95The Greatest Thing Since Sliced Bread, by Don Robertson, HarperCollins, paperback, 224 pages, List Price: $12.95An Infamous Army, by Georgette Heyer, Sourcebooks Landmark, paperback, 512 pages, List Price: $14.95Metzger's Dog, by Thomas Perry, Random House Trade Paperbacks, paperback, 336 pages, List Price: $13.95Sunshine, by Robin McKinley, Jove, paperback, 416 pages, List Price: $7.99The Thin Place, by Kathryn Davis, Back Bay Books, paperback, 304 pages, List Price: $13.99Too Close to the Sun, by Sara Wheeler, Random House, hardcover, 320 pages, List Price: $27.95Recommended by booksellers to Susan Stamberg(Booksellers' Selections for Summer Afternoons) America America, by Ethan Canin, Random House, hardcover, 480 pages, List Price: $27.00 City of Thieves, by David Benioff, Viking Adult, hardcover, 272 pages List Price: $24.95 The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society, by Mary Ann Shaffer and Annie Barrows, The Dial Press, hardcover, 288 pages, List Price: $22.00 The Legal Limit, by Martin Clark, Knopf, hardcover, 368 pages, List Price: $24.95 Let the Northern Lights Erase Your Name, Vendela Vida, paperback, 256 pages, List Price: $13.95 My Mistress's Sparrow is Dead: Great Love Stories from Chekov to Munro, edited by Jeffrey Eugenides, Harper, hardcover, 608 pages, List Price: $24.95 Mudbound, by Hillary Jordan, Algonquin Books, hardcover, 336 pages, List Price: $22.95 Now You See Him, by Eli Gottlieb, William Morrow, hardcover, 272 pages List Price: $22.95 The Prince of FrogTown, by Rick Bragg, Knopf, hardcover, 272 pages, List Price: $24.00 The Secret Scripture, by Sebastian Barry, Viking Adult, hardcover, 304 pages, List Price: $24.95 The Story of a Marriage, Andrew Sean Greer, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, hardcover, 208 pages, List Price: $22.00   Today: 101 Ghazals, by Suzanne Gardinier, Sheep Meadow, paperback, 193 pages, List Price: $13.95  Trauma, by Patrick McGrath, Knopf, hardcover, 224 pages List Price: $24.95 Wrack & Ruin, by Don Lee, W.W. Norton, hardcover, 336 pages, List Price: $23.95  What Happened to Anna K., by Irina Reyn, Touchstone, hardcover, 256 pages, List Price: $24.00 Recommended fiction by Maureen Corrigan(Fiction Picks for Your Mental Getaway) Exiles, by Ron Hansen, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, hardcover, 240 pages, List Price: $23.00 The Greatest Thing Since Sliced Bread by Don Robertson, HarperCollins, paperback, 224 pages, $12.95 Lady of the Snakes, by Rachel Pastan, Harcourt, hardcover, 320 pages, List Price: $24.00 The People on Privilege Hill, by Jane Gardam, Europa Editions, paperback, 256 pages, List Price: $15.95 The Sister, by Poppy Adams, Knopf, hardcover, 288 pages, List Price: $23.95 Recommended nonfiction by Maureen Corrigan(Better than Sliced Bread: Summer's Best Nonfiction) The Importance of Music to Girls by Lavinia Greenlaw, FSG, hardcover, 224 pages, List Price: $23.00 Inventing Niagara by Ginger Strand, FSG, hardcover, 352 pages, List Price: $25.00 Minders of Make-Believe by Leonard S. Marcus, Houghton Mifflin, hardcover, 416 pages, List Price: $28.00 Recommended first books by Rick Kleffel(Nine First Books that Make a Lasting Impression)  The Boat, by Nam Le, Knopf, hardcover, 288 pages, List Price: $22.95 A Cure for Night, by Justin Peacock, Doubleday, hardcover, 352 pages, List Price: $24.95 Freddie & Me, by Mike Dawson, Bloomsbury USA, paperback, 304 pages, List Price: $19.99 The Magicians and Mrs. Quent, by Galen M. Beckett, Spectra, hardcover, 512 pages, List Price: $23.00 One More Year, by Sana Krasikov, Spiegel and Grau, hardcover, 240 pages, List Price: $21.95 The Other, by Thomas Tryon, Millipede Press, hardcover, 290 pages, List Price: $95.00 Petite Anglaise, by Catherine Sanderson, Spiegel and Grau, hardcover, 304 pages, List Price: $24.95 Pretty Is What Changes, by Jessica Queller, Spiegel and Grau, hardcover, 256 pages, List Price: $24.95 The Wolfman, by Nicholas Pekearo, Tor Books, hardcover, 288 pages, List Price: $23.95 Recommended summer cookbooks by T Susan Chang(The 10 Best Cookbooks for Summer) Blue Eggs & Yellow Tomatoes, by Jeanne Kelley, Running Press, hardcover, 352 pages, List Price: $35.00 Fish Without a Doubt, by Rick Moonen and Roy Finamore, Houghton Mifflin, hardcover, 448 pages, List Price: $35.00 Gelato!, by Pamela Sheldon-Johns, 10 Speed Press, paperback, 111 pages, List Price: $14.95 Grill It!, by John Willoughby and Chris Schlesinger, hardcover, 352 pages, List Price: $25.00 Mediterranean Fre


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Question: Summary Judgment: New Movies

In the latest installment of "Summary Judgment" from online magazine Slate, we'll hear what film critics have to say about new releases this week. On deck: Jindabyne, Next and The Condemned.

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San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Spike Lee & the Creators of 'High Maintenance'

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Jesse talks to acclaimed filmmaker Spike Lee. Spike tells us about his new movie, Da Sweet Blood of Jesus, how he really feels about Larry Bird and about his own very serious addiction.... to Air Jordans. Later Jesse sits down with Katja Blichfeld and Ben Sinclair. The couple created the series High Maintenance, a "not on television" show that follows a New York City marijuana delivery guy as he visits his various clients. Plus, Jesse tells us about the best satire of the last ten years, MTV 2's Wonder Showzen.

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Stories: 1) Nick Cave: A Dark, Intricate Songwriter 2) Cranston Cooks Up Emmy Gold In 'Breaking Bad' 3) Spike Lee's Epic Canvas, Painted With Broad Strokes


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Question: U.S. Files Lawsuit To Block Airline Merger

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The Justice Department and a number of U.S. state attorneys general are challenging the proposed $11 billion merger between US Airways Group Inc. and American Airlines’ parent company, AMR Corp. The Justice Department says the merger would result in the creation of the world’s largest airline. The government says a combination of the two companies would reduce competition for commercial air travel in local markets and would result in passengers paying higher airfares and receive less service. A lawsuit filed in federal court in Washington, D.C., seeks to prevent the companies from making the deal in order to preserve head-to-head competition. A spokesman for US Airways had no immediate comment. American Airlines did not immediately return a call seeking comment. Guest

Seth Kaplan, analyst with Airline Weekly.
 JEREMY HOBSON, HOST:  From NPR and WBUR Boston, I'm Jeremy Hobson. I'm Meghna Chakrabarti, in for Robin Young. It's HERE AND NOW. The Justice Department made a bold move this morning to block a proposed $11 billion merger of American Airlines and US Airways that would have created the world's largest airline. Federal opposition to the deal could upend American Airlines' plan to emerge from its 2011 bankruptcy. The merger was a main component of that plan. MEGHNA CHAKRABARTI, HOST:  Seth Kaplan, analyst with the independent industry news site Airline Weekly, is with us. And Seth, were analysts expecting this lawsuit, or does it come as a surprise? SETH KAPLAN: It's rather a surprise, Meghna, maybe not a shock because certainly there is a process, and this was a possibility among many possibilities, but the smart money was more on the government maybe objecting certain elements of the merger, maybe requiring certain of what you call carve-outs our concessions, giving up a few things here and there. But trying to block it as they're doing, not many of us were betting on this. CHAKRABARTI: Interesting, so Attorney General Eric Holder says that the merger would mean fewer choices and higher prices for consumers because it would essentially lead to, what, four airlines controlling over 80 percent of the U.S. market. And nevertheless, the European Union has approved the merger. So what's the Justice Department saying, you know, today? KAPLAN: Yeah, interesting because Europe is, if anything, a lot of times more skeptical of these kinds of transactions but of course very different from them in this sense because this just isn't as important to Europe. These are not European airlines. These are airlines that serve transatlantic routes of Europe, or they're airlines that cover most of the United States. You know, the Justice Department doesn't seem to be distinguishing all that much between other mergers that have been approved and this merger. Rather, it's simply saying look, this completes consolidation. You're not going to have this other independent US Airways out there competing. And basically because these airlines are the third man on the pile, so to speak, they're not going to get the football. CHAKRABARTI: Yeah, so that's really interesting because I read that American Airlines and US Airways compete right now directly on 1,000 routes in the United States. But I've got to ask, like, the Justice Department has approved mergers of airlines, big ones, in the past several years. What makes this one any different? KAPLAN: Yeah, what makes it different is mostly that it's the last one. You know, Delta-Northwest approved, that was under the Bush administration, perhaps that could be seen as somewhat of a difference there. But United-Continental under Obama, not all that different from this merger. The difference here is simply that those other mergers have happened. And yes, it's true, there will be less choice than there was several years ago. On the other hand, there's also more stability. That's good for airline employees. The point about the employees is an interesting one because in the old days, labor unions used to oppose mergers. And so for a Democratic administration, it might have been a relatively easy position to take that, look, we're doing this for consumers and for workers. But in this case, you have the unions actually supporting the merger. So you have the Justice Department under Obama basically taking the side of consumers, who make up part of its constituency certainly, over the side of unions, who are also typically supportive of the administration. So it's a line they have to walk here that they might not have had to walk some years ago when the unions would have been all for what they're doing. CHAKRABARTI: Interesting So on the consumer side of things, the airlines themselves have been arguing that this merger would not result in higher fares or fewer choices. But on the other hand with each previous airline merger, haven't we seen exactly that, just ticket prices just go up? KAPLAN: Tickets are certainly more expensive now than they were a few years ago. They're still a g

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Mali's First Ebola Case In Current Outbreak Is 2-Year-Old Girl. -- Man With Hatchet Shot Dead After Attacking NYPD Officers. -- Frank Mankiewicz, Aide Who Announced Robert Kennedy's Death, Dies. And here are more early headlines: E-U Leaders Set Targets For Greenhouse Gas Cuts. (New York Times) Lebanon Says It Won't Accept Any More Syrian Refugees. (Daily Star) Japan Warns Of Activity At Volcano Near Nuclear Plant. (Reuters) Navajo Nation Court Replaces Presidential Candidate; Election Delayed. (Farmington Daily Times) Federal Judge Dismisses Lawsuit Against IRS On Tax Exempt Status. (Politico) Lawmakers Call For National Recall Of Faulty Airbags. (USA Today) China Launches Probe To Moon, Will Return Next Week. (CNN)


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Question: Barbershop: What's the Buzz?

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The Barbershop makes its Tell Me More debut. The men of the "shop" dish on the latest news, pop culture and events. This week, the controversy over Ken Burns' documentary on World War II, NBA refs and race and De La Hoya's big loss.

Sick Sin City; Pain at the Pump; Zoom Out!


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Question: From The 'Vinyl Deeps,' Ellen Willis Wrote About Rock

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Ellen Willis was one of the first rock critics — at a time starting in the late 1960s — when serious writing about rock, pop and R&B was rare. She was the first pop-music critic for The New Yorker, starting in 1968. She combined a love of pop culture and an active engagement with feminist theory to create a unique body of writing, which finally gets a proper showcase in a new anthology titled Out of the Vinyl Deeps: Ellen Willis on Rock Music, edited by her daughter, Nona Willis Aronowitz. The anthology leads off with a remarkable dissection of Bob Dylan circa 1967. Typical of this long piece, which appeared in a short-lived pop magazine called Cheetah, were assertions about her subject that no one had ventured before, yet which afterward became common wisdom. "His masks hidden by other masks, Dylan is the celebrity stalker's ultimate antagonist," Willis wrote. To have seen this in Dylan in 1967, at a time when he was very much a public pop star, is typical of the way Willis combined close listening to songs, adding everything she knew about the subject's public image and private life, to arrive at a critical position. Willis, Robert Christgau and Greil Marcus were among the very few writers working through this method, and the clarity of Willis' prose and thinking was so immediately striking that she leaped with a single bound from Cheetah to The New Yorker, where she'd captured the attention of editor William Shawn. Willis loved counterculture stars from Dylan to Janis Joplin, but she also championed cult bands such as Joy of Cooking and the New York Dolls. Her judgments were never predictable. She argued that The Rolling Stones' "diatribe" "Under My Thumb" was less sexist than Cat Stevens' condescending "Wild World," because "Mick Jagger's fantasy of sweet revenge could easily be female" as well as male. Crafted with a directness and utter lack of fan gush, many of Willis' observations sound as fresh and as appropriate to the present music scene as they did decades ago. Her 1971 criticism of pop music's tendency, among both the audience and the critic, toward "a tedious worship of technical proficiency" would be as appropriate now regarding TV shows such as American Idol and The Voice as it was in addressing music-on-vinyl back then. At a certain point in post-punk, around the time hip-hop became the dominant sound of popular music, Willis lost interest in rock criticism and pursued her other interests: feminist theory and activism, politics and the philosophy of Wilhelm Reich, among many other topics. She'd become impatient with pop in part for its failure as an agent of social and political change, writing, "There can't be a revolutionary culture until there is a revolution." She was the founder of New York  University's Cultural Reporting and Criticism program and, by many accounts, an inspirational teacher. Willis died in 2006 at age 64. Out of the Vinyl Deeps — whether she's writing about Elvis Presley or Moby Grape — resurrects a nearly lost, vital, invaluable voice. DAVE DAVIES, host:  Ellen Willis, who died in 2006, was part of the first generation of critics to take rock and pop music seriously and write about it with both erudition and passion. A feminist with a populist streak, Willis has often all but been forgotten in discussions of rock criticism until now. Out of the Vinyl Deeps: Ellen Willis on Rock Music, an anthology of her groundbreaking work has just been published by the University of Minnesota Press.  Rock critic Ken Tucker has a review.  (Soundbite of song, Beginning to see the Light)  VELVET UNDERGROUND (Rock band): (Singing) Well Im beginning to see the light. Well Im beginning to see the light. Some people work very hard but still they never get it right. Well Im beginning to see the light. Want to tell you now, now, now baby...  KEN TUCKER: Ellen Willis was one of the first rock critics - at a time starting in the late 60s - when serious writing about rock, pop and R&B was rare. She was the first pop-music critic for The New Yorker, starting in 1968. She combined a love of pop culture and an active engagement with feminist theory to create a unique body of writing, which finally gets a proper showcase in Out of the Vinyl Deeps: Ellen Willis on Rock Music, edited by her daughter, Nona Willis Aronowitz.  (Soundbite of song, Desolation Row)  Mr. BOB DYLAN (Singer-songwriter): (Singing) They're selling postcards of the hanging. They're painting the passports brown. The beauty parlor is filled with sailors. The circus is in town. Here comes the blind commissioner. They've got him in a trance. One hand is tied to the tight-rope walker, the other is in his pants. And the riot squad they're restless, they need somewhere to go, as Lady and I look out tonight from Desolation Row.  The anthology leads off with a remarkable dissection of Bob Dylan circa 1967. Typical of this long piece, which appeared in a short-lived pop magazine called Cheetah, were assertions about her subject that no o

Stories: 1) The 'Big Fan' Team: Patton Oswalt, Robert Siegel 2) The Subhumans' Timeless Hardcore Punk


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Question: 2 Young Women Were Murdered In 1980, 'Rainbow Girl' Tells Their Story

In the final pages of The Third Rainbow Girl — a new book about the aftermath of the murders of two young women who were hitchhiking in West Virginia in 1980 — author Emma Copley Eisenberg interviews a friend of the victims. Elizabeth Johndrow parted company with her friends a day before they were murdered; she's the "third rainbow girl" of the title.  Eisenberg asks Johndrow, now in her 50s, why she and so many other young women hitchhiked back then. Johndrow says:  Well, there was adventure to it ... [H]itchhiking was like falling forward into the universe that you wanted ...  The Third Rainbow Girl is a haunting and hard-to-characterize book about restless women and the things that await them on the road. At its simplest, it's a true crime story about the still-unresolved murders of Vicki Durian, 26, and Nancy Santomero, 19.  Durian and Santomero had been hitchhiking from Arizona to the Rainbow Gathering — an counterculture peace festival held in the Monongahela National Forest in West Virginia. On the evening of June 25, 1980, their bodies were found in an isolated clearing in Pocahontas County, south of the festival. They had been shot at close range, and there were no signs of sexual assault. The conventional wisdom was that the killer or killers had to be local — someone who knew that clearing. Twelve years later, seven local men — farmers, mechanics, timber haulers — were charged. The charges were dropped because of improper police procedure.  In another twist, the investigation focused in on one local farmer, Jacob Beard, reputed to be a mean drunk. Beard was convicted, but then released from prison six years later when a serial killer, Joseph Paul Franklin, confessed to the murders. Franklin was the man who shot and paralyzed Hustler publisher Larry Flynt and, because he was already on death row for other murders, he was never tried for the so-called Rainbow killings. Case closed. Sort of. Eisenberg dives deep here into the backstories of the victims, investigators and suspects, as well as the cultural "backstory" of Appalachia itself. Because she lived and worked with teenage girls in Pocahontas County on and off for several years but isn't a native, she's suited to the insider-outsider reporter role.  The Pocahontas County that Eisenberg evokes is a singular place; for one thing, it sits within the National Radio Quiet Zone — a region where cellphone signals and Wi-Fi are severely restricted in order not to interfere with a giant mountaintop telescope that listens for signals from space.  Life in a place like Pocahontas County, Eisenberg writes, "demanded that women and girls be powerful in the ways that more urban places I've lived have not." And, yet, Eisenberg also acknowledges, that it's a place, like the rest of America, where "misogyny is in the groundwater."  Eisenberg is also fascinated by how prefabricated stories, myths, even fairy tales shape what's considered to be truth. She chips away at the "hick monster story" that prevailed at the first trial of the local men, which painted them as backwoods predators hunting down loose hippie chicks from the city.  She's also aware of the enduring lure of what the late Gwen Ifill is credited with calling the "missing white woman syndrome," whereby foul play involving white women — especially if they're pretty — stokes up public interest, while the same fate befalling women of color does not.  Eisenberg ruminates over the press coverage of the crime and how the fact that neither Vicki nor Nancy were considered pretty complicated the "damsels in distress" narrative and, perhaps, explained why the case never rose to a national obsession. But there's a deeper dimension to The Third Rainbow Girl that gives it its contemplative power. Eisenberg intertwines her own raw story about coming-into-womanhood into the true crime narrative. I said earlier that "the third Rainbow Girl" was the one who lived, Elizabeth Johndrow. But Eisenberg, herself, is also very much "the third Rainbow Girl" here. She, too, felt the call of the wild, living among strangers, drinking too much, taking risks. "The spring I was to graduate college," Eisenberg says, "there rose up in me the desire to drop so hard out of my life that I could hear my life trying to get in touch."   That un-nameable desire to travel a different path led Eisenberg to Pocahontas County and, ultimately, to write this evocative story of two other restless young women — sisters of the road — who passed through decades earlier and, sadly, never left.

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Stories: 1) Michael Chabon: On What 'Manhood' Means 2) A Grandfather's Message To His Autistic Grandson 3) 'Restrepo' And 'The Lottery': Two Places, Two Battles


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Question: Tarantino's Turned-On, Tuned-In Tinseltown: 'Once Upon A Time In ... Hollywood'

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Once Upon a Time in ... Hollywood, Quentin Tarantino's florid, sun-bleached, la-la land fantasia, would be a groovy trip of a movie in any era. But only now, with virtually the entire industry consumed by Disney's circle-of-life pop-cultural recycling algorithm — a vast, unsympathetic intelligence more larcenous and self-referential than 1,000 Tarantinos working in round-the-clock shifts — does it look like an essential one. Pulp Fiction, Tarantino's sophomore feature, hit with such seismic force 25 years ago that pleading its unimportance became a stubborn pre-Reddit subreddit of film criticism even as imitations proliferated. Now, QT is one of only a fistful of filmmakers who can still get studios to commit substantial resources ($90 million this time) to original screenplays. And lest his new film's conspicuous meditations on aging— and on the disappearing border between the big and small screens — elude you, he's just about done. Tarantino's ninth and, he says, penultimate picture is a languid Rosencrantz and Guildenstern-ing of the 1969 murders of Sharon Tate, Jay Sebring and three others by members of the Manson cult, told mostly from the point of view of Tate's fictitious next-door neighbor. That would be fading TV star Rick Dalton (a career-best Leonardo DiCaprio), whose alcoholism contributed to the cancellation of his network western Bounty Law some years back. (Of course we get clips from the show; of course they're hilarious.) Since then, he's been reduced to sporadic villain-of-the-week gigs.  Cliff Booth (Brad Pitt, sharing a title card and a pay grade with Leo) was Rick's stunt double, but now he's just his driver, cheerleader, errand boy and professional best pal. While DiCaprio makes Rick a bundle of human-scale neuroses, unmanned by the realization of his obsolescence, Pitt paints Cliff as a more laconic figure — a bronzed, ageless, sentient pair of sunglasses who can stand up to Bruce Lee (Mike Moh) in a fight, declines sex with an underage hitchhiker (Margaret Qualley) on purely legal grounds, oh and also he just maybe murdered his wife.  That last bit is one of a few threads Tarantino leaves wantonly unsnipped. For yea, he shall fear no thinkpiece — not even the ones that have already appeared bemoaning the fact that Margot Robbie's Sharon Tate is present here more a set element than a character. Her most revealing act is to introduce herself to the staff of the Bruin Theater in Westwood when she decides to take in a matinee of the Dean Martin spy farce The Wrecking Crew, in which she has a supporting role. Robbie-as-Tate's face lights up every time the audience laughs at her pratfalls or applauds after her fight scene for which Lee trained her. Lee was indeed the credited "Karate Advisor" on The Wrecking Crew, but sorting out how much of the showbiz mise-en-scene here is fact and how much is, how you say, legend is a big part of what makes this one even more seductive to New Hollywood-era cinephiles than, well, every other Tarantino joint.  The bulk of the 160-minute picture takes place six months before the tragedy, a period during which Rick watches Tate and her famous husband Roman Polanski (hot off Rosemary's Baby) with envy. He's preparing for yet another bad-guy TV part, while pondering an invitation to go make Spaghetti Westerns with Sergio, um, Corbucci. (Lancer, the TV show he's guest-starring on, was real; the Italian movies he's mulling — one of them called Kill Me Quick, Ringo, Said the Gringo — are not. Pity.)  The biggest chunk of the narrative unfolds as Rick fights his way through a grueling day on the set, buoyed by a lunchtime conversation with his 8-year-old co-star (an astonishing Julia Butters), while Cliff gives that hitchhiker a ride back to George Spahn's movie ranch in the Santa Susana Mountains. Tarantino shoots the show-within-the-show like it's one of his films, with long takes and elaborate camera moves. TV can do this now; in 1969, it was decades off. Meanwhile, Cliff's walk across a chalky patch of canyon to check up on his old pal George (Bruce Dern, in a one-scene part that would've been Burt Reynolds', had he lived) while surrounded by feral flower children becomes the most suspenseful scene in a movie this year.  It's a hilarious and enveloping fable replete with all the Tarantino hallmarks —stellar performances, instantly memorable dialogue, an expertly culled playlist of songs that (mostly) haven't been neutered by overexposure, long intervals of tension punctuated by brief but sickening violence. But there's something new to the mix this time. Not maturity, heaven forfend. It's more like tranquility, as the 56-year-old auteur reflects upon the passing of his era. There's an axle-grinding shift that occurs deep into the picture, but for 135 minutes or so it's the most relaxed and elegant filmmaking of Tarantino's career. Also the most personal. Once Upon a Time is set in February and August of 1969, when Tarantino was six and seven years old. This t

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Stories: 1) Kevin Costner, Dancing With Death Again 2) On DVD: 'Twin Peaks,' 'Seinfeld,' 'My So-Called Life' 3) Brad Bird and Patton Oswalt, Telling a Rat's Tale 4) 'American Gangster': An American Critique


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Question: The California Report Magazine

Dining in the Dark — The program examines a growing phenomenon giving new meaning to "blind" dating. It's a new trend called "dining in the dark," where diners and their companions eat dinner with no light whatsoever, attended to by blind waiters.


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Question: Tell Us Your Harvey Story

Well over 10,000 rescues have been made during and after Hurricane Harvey, with neighbors and strangers stepping in to help in unprecedented numbers. More than 325,000 people have registered with Federal Emergency Management Agency for disaster assistance. No one knows how many are in shelters, just that more are expected. If you are one of the hundreds of thousands affected by Harvey's devastating floods, your story is important and we would like to hear from you. If you are in a safe place, please email NPRcrowdsource@npr.org. An NPR reporter or producer may contact you for a story. If you are able, tell us your story by voice memo and email to the same address. We may use your voice on All Things Considered or Morning Edition. Thanks so much for your help.

Minimum Wage, Good News / Bad News, Real Bears vs. Real Colts, Space Diaries, Last Chance for Oysters, Life of a Dealer


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

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Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they discuss, and Ted recommends recordings of, the infrequently heard (and yet beautiful) Solemn Vespers by Mozart.

Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Professional Holiday Decorators

Stressed-out hosts across California are hiring some extra help this year. Professional decorating services are not just for the rich and famous anymore — they're also for hardworking folks with little time for the holiday trimmings. (Audio not yet available from this broadcast.)

School Funding, Focus On Technology, National Audubon Society, The Android's Dream, Chase's Calendar of Events, Letters from Iwo Jima, Commentary: Exercise and Pre-teen Martial Arts


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Question: Industrial Land Conversion

High property values are driving local developers to convert industrial land to housing, retail and office space. Forum looks at what cities are doing to preserve industrial jobs while promoting other types of development.

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EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: Six Die in Shooting at Illinois College

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A gunman entered a lecture hall at Northern Illinois University armed with a shotgun and two handguns and opened fire Thursday. He killed five students and wounded 16 others before taking his own life.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: As More States Consider Legalizing, Questions About Pot And The Brain

Five states are voting this fall on whether marijuana should be legal, like alcohol, for recreational use. That has sparked questions about what we know — and don't know — about marijuana's effect on the brain. Research is scarce. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency classifies marijuana as a Schedule I drug. That classification puts up barriers to conducting research on it, including a cumbersome DEA approval application and a requirement that scientists procure very specific marijuana plants. One long-term study in New Zealand compared the IQs of people at age 13 and then through adolescence and adulthood to age 38. Those who used pot heavily from adolescence onward showed an average 8 percent drop in IQ. People who never smoked, by contrast, showed slightly increased IQ. Critics pounced on the study, which was published in 2012, because it didn't adjust for many other things that affect IQ such as home life or family income. And there's no proof the IQ differences are due to pot. One of those critics, Nicholas Jackson, now a senior statistician at the University of California, Los Angeles, wondered what would happen if he could rule out some of those elements by comparing twins. "Individuals that share the same genes, grew up in the same household, where the difference between them was that one of the twins was using marijuana and one was not," Jackson says. Jackson and Joshua Isen, now an assistant professor of psychology at the University of South Alabama, conducted a study comparing IQ tests of twins age 9 to 12, before either had smoked marijuana, and then seven to 10 years later, after one had started. "If marijuana was causing IQ decline, what we would expect to see is that the twin who goes on and uses marijuana should have IQ deficits," Jackson says. "We don't find that." IQ scores for both twins varied slightly over time. And for twins who smoked marijuana, there was no significant difference in effect between daily and occasional use. So was the New Zealand finding wrong? The authors did not comment for this story, but have said that the twins study of teenagers does not address the effects of decades of heavy marijuana use. Marijuana seems to affect a particular kind of intelligence, like short term retention of vocabulary words and other information that you might learn in school, says Mitch Earleywine, a professor of psychology at the University of Albany. "They haven't learned a whole lot of vocabulary words or they never learned the capital of Maine because they were high at school that day," he says. "But when it comes to things that are more liquid intelligence, more fluid intelligence, they're usually pretty good at those because it requires just intelligence in the moment, so to speak." It's not clear how marijuana use may keep Augusta from being filed next to "capital of Maine" in the brain. Some studies that compare brain scans of teenagers who use marijuana to those who don't show thinner, less dense connections between lobes. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, says brains with less connectivity don't work as well as they should. "You could expect that that will decrease your capacity to memorize things and to learn them which is necessary to you to actually further develop your cognitive abilities," she says. Volkow says there's little proof that marijuana causes poor brain connections. Studies so far have not compared brains before and after pot. Maybe kids who are already having trouble in school are more likely to try marijuana. Still, she is convinced that marijuana is bad for the brains of adults who began smoking in their youth. People who regularly smoked marijuana as teens, "are achieving much less both in their education as well as their profession as well as their economic earnings," Volkow says. "They also tend to be much more dissatisfied with life. Many studies have shown that." NIDA is one of several agencies behind a major study that will map the effects of marijuana and other substances on brain development. The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) will follow 10,000 9- to 10- year-olds through early adulthood, using neuroimaging to map changes in the brain. But as of now, the research suggests if you don't start young and don't use marijuana often, there's not much evidence of permanent harm to the brain. That's led some experts in marijuana brain science to say it might be OK to make pot legal, with strong oversight. That includes Kevin Hill, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "I'm not sure how I would vote [on the Massachusetts ballot question] at this point. I want to see sensible marijuana policy that works, that gives people what they want while limiting risk," says Hill, who wrote Marijuana: The Unbiased Truth about the World's Most Popular Weed. Massachusetts is one of five states, including Arizona, California, Maine and Nevada, that will vote in November on legalizing recreational mari

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Robert Worth's 'A Rage For Order' Takes On Troubled Middle East

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Robert Worth was in Cairo in February 2011 when news spread that president Hosni Mubarak had resigned. He tells Melissa Block about that moment and shares other personal stories about the Arab Spring.

Stories: 1) David Rakoff's 'Half Empty' Full Of Humor, Guilt 2) 'Stand Up, Speak Out,' Derrick Bell Told Law Students 3) John Wayne: Icon Of America's Booming Confidence 4) 'Ides Of March': These Days, All Politics Is Lowball


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Question: The Associated Press

Forum sits down with journalist Scott Lindlaw of the Associated Press to discuss the new book, "Breaking News: How The Associated Press Has Covered War, Peace and Everything Else."

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Legality of Segregating Prisoners by Race

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Ed Gordon explores legal issues surrounding segregating prisoners by race to prevent violence with Ramona Ripston, executive director of the ACLU of Southern California, and Paul Butler, a law professor at George Washington University.

UC Regents Discuss Executive Pay. Ballot Measure to Crack Down on Sex Offenders. End Music.


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Question: Rescue Workers Still Trying To Find Hurricane Survivors In Mexico Beach, Fla.

Nearly a week after Hurricane Michael devastated parts of the Florida panhandle,  residents are still trying to patch together their lives, without electricity or potable water. With cell phone service down it's even hard for people to let their loved-ones know they're safe.

Good Tuesday morning - we're following these stories today: In Afghanistan: General's Plane Damaged; Afghans Start Spying On Own Troops.  As Deadline To Drop Out Nears, Rep. Akin's Best Defender Is His Opponent. Diana Nyad Ends Latest Bid to Swim From Cuba To Key West. Thousands Flee California Wildfire, One Of Many Blazes Scorching West. (Los Angeles Times) Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi Dies, Ally Of U.S. (BBC) South African Mine Drops Threat To Fire Striking Miners. (Financial Times) Jury Begins To Deliberate Whether Samsung Infringed On Apple Patents. (ComputerWorld) Tropical Depression Forms In Caribbean, Will Strengthen To Hurricane South Of Puerto Rico. (National Hurricane Center) Venezuelan Prisoners Riot As Families Visit; At Least 25 Dead. (AFP) Thieves Steal Floor Plans Of French Presidential Palace, Documents Not Classified. (AP) Good Samaritans Grab Wrong Man In Fight, Letting Robber Escape. (Central Jersey.com)


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Question: Letters And Comments From

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Letters and comments from PT listeners, including reactions to the music of the season, Miles Hoffman's "Coming to Terms" segment on 12-tone Music, and praise for our interview with retiring choral conductor Hugh Thomas.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news... Sanity For Humanity, Vlad The Emailer, It Takes An Olympic Village


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Question: Biden's Plans To Reopen Schools In His First 100 Days

Biden has made reopening most K-12 schools a major priority for his first 100 days and he's signed a flurry of executive orders indicating a much stronger role in federal leadership to do that safely.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Lindsey Buckingham And Christine McVie On World Cafe

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Since Fleetwood Mac released its debut album nearly 50 years ago, there have been many incarnations, comings and goings, couplings and uncouplings. But here's a new combination — Lindsey Buckingham and Christine McVie have released a record together! Lindsey and Christine are my guests today. They started working on their self-titled duets record shortly after Christine rejoined Fleetwood Mac in 2014 — she had left the band 16 years before. We talk about what she was up to in the meantime, and how Mick Fleetwood helped Christine overcome her severe fear of flying. Although this is not a Fleetwood Mac album we're talking about, Lindsey and Christine did recruit original bassist John McVie and drummer Mick Fleetwood to do some recording. And they made the album at Studio D in Los Angeles, the same place where Fleetwood Mac recorded the 1979 album Tusk. We'll talk a bit about the Tusk years, and some of the soap opera around the band's iconic 1977 album Rumours, when everyone was breaking up and breaking down. (In case you need a refresher, Christine's marriage to bassist John McVie was ending; Stevie Nicks and Lindsey Buckingham had split after a long time as romantic and musical partners.) Through it all, there was never drama or ill will between Lindsey and Christine — which is maybe why their songwriting and musical chemistry is still intact after all these years. We'll find out. But we start with a live performance of the song "Red Sun," recorded at the Sands Bethlehem Event Center in Bethlehem, Penn. Listen in the player above.

Stories: 1) New Albums By Booker T. And Allen Toussaint 2) Booker T. Jones: Onions, Potatoes, Other Essentials 3) Passionate About The Passive Voice


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Question: Tesla To Build Large-Scale Battery Factory

The company says it needs the factory to produce batteries faster and cheaper in order to build an electric car for mass market — one that can be sold for under $40,000.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Acting FBI Boss To Take Comey's Place At Senate Intel Hearing. -- Workers Take Jefferson Davis Statue Off Its Pedestal In New Orleans. -- Ex-Massey Energy CEO Completes 1-Year Federal Criminal Sentence. -- Dissident Rebels In Colombia Ignore Peace Treaty And Continue Extortion. And here are more early headlines: Tillerson Joins Arctic Nations Officials Meeting In Alaska. (AP) Montana Glaciers Shrinking At Tremendous Rate. (USGS) Venzuelan Protesters Fling Feces At Government Forces. (Washington Post) Energy Department To Study Tunnel Cave-In At Nuclear Waste Site. (NBC) VA Chief Says More Time Needed To End Veteran Homelessness. (AP) Boeing Halts New Plane Delivery To Test Potential Engine Problem. (Seattle Times)


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Question: Yoel Levi (Yoh-El Lev-Vee)

Yoel Levi (yoh-EL LEV-vee) conducts the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra in a concert performance of the tone poem "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" by Paul Dukas (doo-KAH). Recorded in Symphony Hall of Atlanta's Woodruff Arts Center. (ACA Digital/Horton Systems)

From a newly reissued C-D of a recording first made in 1963, the Utah Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Maurice Abravanel, (ab-RAHV-uhn-uhl) performs "In the Village" by Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov (MEEK-aisle ipp-awl-ITOFV - ee-VAUGHAN-ofv). (Vanguard Classics SVC-8)


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Question: Real Men Wear Pink Boxers

A new image of soldierly courage appeared this week. It may not exactly remind you of Iwo Jima. Nineteen-year-old Spc. Zachary Boyd of the 1st Battalion, 26th Infantry, was sleeping when the Taliban attacked his unit in Afghanistan's Kunar province. Boyd leapt from his bunk. He grabbed his weapon, pulled on his helmet and vest, and manned his station behind sandbags at Firebase Restropo. He did not stop to pull on trousers.  Associated Press photographer David Guttenfelder was embedded with the unit and took a photo from behind: three staunch young soldiers, rifles ready. That photo is on our Web site. You'll recognize Spc. Boyd immediately: He's the one on the left, wearing pink boxer shorts.  Boxer shorts that say, "I love New York."   Zachary Boyd is from Fort Worth, Texas. He graduated from Keller Central High School and had planned to attend Texas Tech, but enlisted first because, as his mother told the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, he felt his country needed him now.  "I was always telling him to pull up his pants," Sheree Boyd recalls. "I would give him a wedgie to make him do it. As a mom, you want your son to look nice. But he has always been one to run around in his boxers." If Spc. Boyd wasn't mortified to appear in boxers on the front page of The New York Times, he might be when he hears his mother talking about wedgies.  Sheree Boyd says her son worried that he might lose his job because he was shown out of uniform on the front page of the newspaper that is plopped before the president each day.  But Defense Secretary Robert Gates told a group at New York's Intrepid Sea, Air, and Space Museum, "I can assure you that Spc. Boyd's job is very safe indeed. ... The next time I visit Afghanistan I want to meet Spc. Boyd and shake his hand. Any soldier who goes into battle against the Taliban in pink boxers and flip-flops has a special kind of courage." By the way, the soldiers alongside Boyd are Spcs. Cecil Montgomery of Louisiana and Jordan Custer of Spokane, Wash. They are both wearing pants. But Spc. Custer has no socks and is wearing silver running shoes.  Almost anyone who has spent time with soldiers in the Army that's come into being since September 2001 has been touched to meet so many young men and women who seem smart, loyal, funny and self-sacrificing. A young soldier in pink boxers may never be cast in bronze. But at the age of 19, Zachary Boyd has already been in at least 200 firefights in Afghanistan. If he wants to, he can wear a thong.

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The American Patient, Tuesday Night RAW and Five Dollar Footlong Twinkies.