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Question: White House Hires A Crisis Manager, Easing Democratic Worries

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It's not big enough to be called a shakeup, but the new hire announced this week at the White House is important: John Podesta will come on board in January as a counselor to the president. Podesta is a Democratic wise man, the founder of the Center for American Progress, a policy and personnel incubator for Democratic administrations, and he just started a new think tank on income inequality — the problem President Obama says will animate his second term. Podesta is also a second-term crisis management specialist. He was Bill Clinton's White House chief of staff from 1998 to 2001, helping him survive impeachment. His hiring has already soothed some jangled nerves among the current president's supporters in Washington. "I thought, 'Fantastic,' " says Dee Dee Myers, Clinton's former press secretary. She is one of a small, inside-the-beltway group of Democrats who have been desperate for reassurance that the recently unsteady Obama White House was getting its act together. With the Podesta announcement, the White House appears to have sent that message. "I think they've known for a while that they need to reach out, they need to broaden their circle a little," Myers says. "The president has been famously reluctant to do that. So how do you widen the lens? One of the ways you do that is you reach out and you bring in new people, and it's very helpful to bring in people who come preloaded with tremendous experience." A Fan Of Executive Powers Podesta is not a completely new face in the Obama camp. He ran the president-elect's widely praised transition team in 2008 and 2009, and he's been advising the White House from the outside. For some time he's been telling the Obama team that as legislative action becomes increasingly less likely, it should focus more on using the president's executive powers. Podesta told NPR in January that Obama has plenty of authority under the Constitution to change and implement policy. "I think that he's got a lot of cards to play, and I think he can be extremely successful," he said. The White House has taken Podesta's advice — often to the frustration of Congress. With Podesta inside the administration, the president will probably do even more. "The execution of government does make a difference," said Podesta in another NPR interview. "It sounds incremental, but in the end of the day, putting those points on the board will make a difference in terms of what the growth rate is, what the unemployment rate is." GOP: Podesta Can't Change What's Already Broken Execution of government is a Podesta focus — and lately it's been an embarassing weakness for the Obama administration. Not surprisingly, Republicans dismissed the latest personnel move as a distraction, pointing to a series of troubles — from Syria to NSA eavesdropping and, above all, to the health care rollout — that have hurt the president's ratings on credibility and competence. "I won't give the president advice on his own staff," says Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, "but the problem here is the substance of his No. 1 issue. The issue he wanted to be most associated with is a failure, and no amount of shifting the chairs around on the Titanic is going to solve that problem." Podesta can't erase the fact that the health care website didn't work or that the president made a promise that he now says ended up being inaccurate. But Democrat Steve Elmendorff says that Podesta can help — a lot. "Nobody can make up for where they are," says Elmendorff, who was senior advisor to former House Democratic Leader Dick Gephardt. "The president's admitted they've made some mistakes. The staff has admitted they made some mistakes, and they need to fix it. And what John can do is provide direction and a fresh set of eyes and ears on how to move forward and do the right thing." Podesta and the White House have a lot on their plate for the new year. They've got to get the health care law working; they need to figure out how to help Democrats get through the 2014 elections with the least amount of damage; and then, starting with the president's State of the Union speech early next year, they need to map out the final chapter of the Obama presidency. SCOTT SIMON, HOST:  This is WEEKEND EDITION, from NPR News. I'm Scott Simon. the Obama White House is bringing in the cavalry as it ends a tough political year. The president's making some changes - hiring a few new people to augment his current White House staff. NPR's national political correspondent Mara Liasson reports on an important new addition. MARA LIASSON, BYLINE: It's not big enough to be called a shakeup, but the new hire announced this week at the White House is important. John Podesta will be coming on board in January as a counselor to the president. Podesta is a Democratic wise man; the founder of the Center for American Progress, a policy and personnel incubator for Democratic administrations. And he just started a new think tank on income inequality, the problem President


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E.g. "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Snow Forecast for Mountain Passes Christmas Weekend']" == "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "If you're driving across Washington's Interstate 90 Snoqualmie Pass to visit friends and family this weekend, make note of this warning from the Washington State Department of Transportation: DOT officials say Saturday morning is NOT the best time to drive to grandma's house."]" != "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In China, Obama Touts Visa Deal, Progress On Free-Trade Pact. -- Bombing At Nigerian High School Kills Dozens. -- Will Jeb Bush Run For President? His Brother Says Maybe. -- Study: Detergent Pods Can Harm Children Who Play With Them. And here are more early headlines: Chinese, Japanese Leaders Meet In Ice-Breaking Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Frigid Weather Plunging South Into U.S., Brings Sub-Normal Temps. (USA Today) 3 Astronauts Return Safely From International Space Station. (CBS) Talks Extended Into Monday For Iran's Nuclear Program. (Reuters) Bombings In Afghanistan Kill Afghan Security Officers. (VOA) Survey Finds Regular Gas Prices Down 13 Cents In Last 2 Weeks. (AP)"]"

Question: Fighting Misconceptions About Sickle Cell Disease In The ER

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When sickle cell patients arrive at emergency rooms, they often have difficulty getting proper treatment. Paula Tanabe, an associate professor at the Duke University School of Nursing, is working to change that. Sickle cell disease, a genetic blood disorder most common among people of African descent, affects 100,000 Americans. It causes normally disk-shaped red blood cells to take the form of pointed crescents or sickles. Common complications include strokes, anemia, severe infections and damage to blood vessels and internal organs. Many people with the disorder are unable to work and and lack health insurance. Acute and unpredictable pain, severe enough to require large doses of narcotics, is a well-documented feature of sickle cell disease. But Tanabe has found that patients in sickle cell crisis often aren't treated properly by doctors and nurses. They erroneously think the patients may be running scams, seeking drugs. Patients suffering recurrent episodes know what works for their pain, but some doctors and nurses take that knowledge a sign of addiction. Patients with sickle cell pain wait an average of 30 minutes longer for pain medication than people with other extremely painful conditions, such as kidney stones, Tanabe's research shows. Tanabe says better training of health providers and changes in emergency room procedures can improve the care that sickle cell patients receive. She spoke recently with our partner Kaiser Health News. The following is an edited transcript of the interview. Kaiser Health News: What do patients typically experience during pain crises? Paula Tanabe: What brings people to the emergency room is a crisis in which the blood can't deliver oxygen to the extremities. It is a sudden onset of severe, excruciating pain, which people describe as feeling as if all their bones are breaking. Others describe it as an hourglass and their blood is "stuck." The pain is so bad and sudden that people require high doses of opioids. Patients who have a regular health care provider and have chronic pain are usually prescribed oral opioids to have at home. They take pain pills by mouth. [But] at the time of a really bad crisis, the pills don't work any more. People need to come in for intravenous pain medication. They usually try to avoid coming into the ER at all costs because they just have to wait a long time. Are people with sickle cell likely to be addicted to painkillers? There are no data to support that sickle cell patients have any more likelihood of being addicted than anybody else. You compared the treatment in emergency rooms of patients with kidney stone pain and with sickle cell disease. What did you find? A lot of white people get kidney stones and that pain is really, really horrible. Even though sickle cell patients had higher pain scores and were triaged appropriately higher, they still waited longer. Racism and the disease stigma itself are two barriers that you just can't get away from. Clearly we can't pretend that racism doesn't play some part in this. If this were a white disease, people still wouldn't be dying in their 40s. That's the bottom line. Sickle cell was discovered 102 years ago and there is only one drug, hydroxyurea, and blood transfusions to treat it. So you believe racism has discouraged progress in treating sickle cell? It is a rare disease. However, there are other rare genetic diseases that get a lot more attention and people are not afraid to talk about. Cystic fibrosis is a good example, and way more rare than sickle cell. It's a white disease. There is some attention to sickle cell, but it needs more dollars and more research. There are very few hematologists, very few providers across the country, who specialize in it. Patients do need a good hematologist or sickle cell expert to take care of their disease. There has been progress. People didn't used to live to be adults. Kids would die of stroke or of really bad infections before they were 20, and in some countries they still do. The fact that we have adults is a good thing. All kids are screened at birth in the United States. Once you identify a child, they go on penicillin until they're five, and then they don't get the really bad infections and die from that. You have done research that documents the problem. Your current research examines methods of improving treatment. What does that involve? We are implementing some education and some analgesic protocols. We hope this will help lower the time needed for patients to get analgesia, or pain control, and admission rates. We've administered a baseline attitude survey to providers. We will administer it again. We'd like to see improvement in clinician attitude. We're really looking at patient satisfaction, provider attitudes, and then a lot of efficiency outcomes. Another aim of our grant is to put a toolbox together of all the protocols and the educational materials that we've developed and make it available.

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Nunez: Dems Will Fix Budget Solo, If Needed

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With the clock ticking for legislators to resolve the current year fiscal crisis, Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez vowed today to do it without Republicans if necessary.
In comments to the Sacramento Press Club, the Los Angeles Democrat emphasized that he hopes to find common ground with GOP lawmakers on how to resolve the $3.3 billion shortfall [...]

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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'['', 'Mouse Vs Scorpion: A Mind-Blowing Desert Showdown']' == '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', 'This one doesn\'t end the way you\'d expect. Inspired by the Netflix documentary series "Night On Earth," we learn everything we can about a mouse and scorpion who do battle on the regular — from two scientists who study them: Ashlee Rowe at the University of Oklahoma and Lauren Esposito at the California Academy of Sciences. If you have Netflix, you can watch the critters clash about 18 minutes into the episode \'Moonlit Plains\' here. Read more about Lauren\'s work with scorpions here, and Ashlee\'s work with grasshopper mice here. And you can learn more about grasshopper mouse vocalizations from Northern Arizona University\'s Bret Pasch here.']' != '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Stories: 1) Randal Keynes: When Darwin Is In Your Family Tree 2) A Sensitive Subject: Harry Reid's Language On Race 3) 'Burn Notice': A Refreshingly Retro Spy Caper"]'

Question: Environmental Groups Praise Proposed Emissions Standards

The Bush administration proposes strict new controls on off-road diesel emissions. Some environmental groups that have been critical of the administration's past environmental record praise the proposed standards. NPR's David Molpus reports.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: First Listen: Juana Molina, 'Wed 21'

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When Juana Molina decided to abandon a successful career on Argentine television, there were plenty of naysayers. Her brilliant 1996 debut album, Rara (Strange), produced by Argentine music producer Gustavo Santaolalla (composer of the Brokeback Mountain soundtrack), proved them wrong. It reflected her sense of humor (she was a respected comedian) and her musical complexity by combining Argentine folk with hypnotically repetitive electronica beats. Through superb albums like Una Dia and Son, Molina has garnered a loyal, adoring fan base that crosses cultural barriers. Recently on NPR's Alt.Latino she spoke about how she layers her music, one element after another, until a structure forms. Case in point: her first single, "Eras," from her much anticipated new album, Wed 21 (out on October 29th). The song immediately washes over you with the trance-like, almost tribal beats she's mastered over the years, and a deep bass line she weaves in and out of with whispering vocals. Molina's soft-spoken voice has always been the biggest obstacle for me to overcome as a listener, but I've come around to understanding that there is plenty of nuance to it. At times she sounds serene, but in songs like "Eras" there's an exasperation, which is appropriate — this song has an underlying darkness, a frustration. Toward the end she's singing about someone she's been waiting for through many years, many lives even. In perfect Juana Molina form, the frenetic beat is as insane and darkly hilarious as being stuck in a repetitive situation with someone who is dragging you through the motions for, as she sings, uno, dos, tres ... siete vidas (seven lives).

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Gobble gobble! Our Thanksgiving weekend edition of New Music Friday includes the warped and wild pop sounds of My Brightest Diamond, stunning instrumental records from Ed Harcourt and Jacco Gardner, punk with heart and humor from Art Brut and more. Host Robin Hilton is joined this week by NPR Music's Stephen Thompson as they do a quick sprint through the essential albums dropping on Nov. 23. Featured Albums:  My Brightest Diamond: A Million And OneFeatured Song: "It's Me On The Dance Floor" Ed Harcourt: Beyond The EndFeatured Song: "Faded Photographs" Calexico: The Black Light 20th Anniversary EditionFeatured Song: "El Morro" Art Brut: Wham! Bang! Pow! Let's Rock Out!Featured Songs: "Awkward Breakfast" and "Hospital" Songs Ohia: Love & Work: The Lioness SessionsFeatured Song: "It Gets Harder Over Time" Jacco Gardner: SomniumFeatured Song: "Volva"


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Question: Commentary: Italian Travel

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Reluctant traveler Dick George finds warmth and hospitality among long lost relatives in Italy.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Bush Rejects Iraq Withdrawal on Trip to Idaho

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"['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Intel reports higher-than-expected quarterly profits, a recovery many computer chip makers hope will produce a ripple effect. The chip business has been down for the last three years. Hear NPR's Scott Horsley."]" == "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Chip Makers Struggle in Sluggish Economy']"

President Bush, traveling in Idaho, will deliver a speech to the National Guard there and visit with families of U.S. soldiers who died in Iraq. Speaking to reporters Tuesday, Bush delivered a pointed response to protestors who have staged demonstrations around the country calling for the U.S. to withdraw from Iraq.

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E.g. ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'This hour originally aired on Oct. 24, 2018. With\xa0Meghna Chakrabarti Harrowing stories of discrimination against pregnant women in the workplace. It’s rampant and in some cases, can lead to miscarriage. We’ll take a deep dive into The New York Times investigation. Guests Jessica Silver-Greenberg,\xa0New York Times reporter covering finance. (@jbsgreenberg) Natalie Kitroeff,\xa0New York Times reporter covering the economy. (@Nataliekitro) Joan Williams, professor of law at\xa0University of California, Hastings College of the Law. Director of the Center for WorkLife Law, which runs the initiative Pregnant @ Work. (@JoanCWilliams) From The Reading List New York Times: “Miscarrying at Work: The Physical Toll of Pregnancy Discrimination” — “Pregnancy discrimination is widespread in corporate America. Some employers deny expecting mothers promotions or pay raises; others fire them before they can take maternity leave. But for women who work in physically demanding jobs, pregnancy discrimination often can come with even higher stakes. “The New York Times reviewed thousands of pages of court and other public records involving workers who said they had suffered miscarriages, gone into premature labor or, in one case, had a stillborn baby after their employers rejected their pleas for assistance — a break from flipping heavy mattresses, lugging large boxes and pushing loaded carts. They worked at a hospital, a post office, an airport, a grocery store, a prison, a fire department, a restaurant, a pharmaceutical company and several hotels.” The Cut: “It’s Perfectly Legal for Companies to Put Pregnant Women at Risk of Miscarriage” — “In a disturbing new investigation published this weekend, the New York Times spoke to several women who suffered pregnancy losses while working physically demanding jobs. In some cases, the women brought in letters from their doctors recommending they take on lighter duties or shorter shifts, which they say their supervisors ignored. As the Times points out, this cruel refusal to accommodate the needs of pregnant women, and the willingness to put their health and the health of their pregnancies at risk, is often completely legal. “Currently, the only federal law in place to protect pregnant individuals is the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, which says a company only has to make accommodations for a pregnant employee if they are already doing so for other workers ‘similar in their ability or inability to work.’ So, if a company isn’t giving nonpregnant employees more breaks or shorter shifts, they don’t have to give them to pregnant employees either. “In other words, as New York congressman Jerrold Nadler told the Times, if companies ‘treat their nonpregnant employees terribly, they have every right to treat their pregnant employees terribly as well.’ “'] == ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth.', 'Pregnancy Discrimination Can Lead To Miscarriages And More, New York Times Reports']

News Headlines: Feb. 14, 2007 Talk About It:Washington Post: 2 Reports At Odds On Biotech Crops -- "Dueling reports released yesterday [about genetically engineered crops] -- one by a consortium largely funded by the biotech industry and the other by a pair of environmental and consumer groups -- came to two different conclusions." Which report are you inclined to believe? How do you think genetically modified crops will affect the developing world? Will these crops solve the global hunger crisis or will they hurt local organic farmers, who can't compete with transnational companies? Election 2008:Reuters: Clinton Leading Obama in Ohio, Pennsylvania: Poll Chicago Tribune: House GOP Makes Peace with McCain Boston Globe: Gaining Speed, Obama Shifts Gears New York Times: Michelle Obama Takes to the Trail Nation:Boston Globe: Lawmakers Urged to Form Panel to Study Black Men New York Times: Fed Chief Sees Economic Rebound Later in Year Washington Post: On Capitol Hill, Clemens Denies Steroid Use World:New York Times: Opposition: Mbeki Fails to Ease Zimbabwe Crisis AP: S. Africa Wants to Speed Land Distribution to Black Farmers Reuters: Kenya Crisis Talks Adjourn, Rice Expected Miami Herald: U.S. Judge Freezes $300M in Venezuela Oil Cash Op-Ed:Maureen Dowd: A Flawed Feminist Test


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Question: Minnesota Gov. Pawlenty Suggests Fraud In Franken-Coleman Election Result

Minnesota Gov. Tim Pawlenty, a likely candidate for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination, said today there appears to be "credible" evidence of fraud in the 2008 Senate race between Al Franken (D) and the man he unseated, Norm Coleman (R).  That contest wasn't decided until June of 2009, when after countless recounts and court battles Franken was declared the winner by 312 votes. MinnPost.com quotes Pawlenty at the end of an appearance today on the Fox News Channel, where he was asked about reports of nearly 1,000 convicted felons voting illegally in the 2008 election.  (The allegation initially came from a conservative group called Minnesota Majority.)  “There’s a group out here in Minnesota that’s investigated that,” Pawlenty  said. “They seem to have found credible evidence that many felons who are not  supposed to be voting actually voted in the Franken-Coleman election.” He said he suspects that any illegally voting felons might have favored  Franken, but hastened to add: "I don't know that." But if true, he said, "it may have flipped the election."  Michael O'Brien, writing on The Hill's Blog Briefing Room, quotes Marc Elias, who handled Franken's legal team during the recount, as saying "that both Coleman and Franken’s attorneys brought forth all evidence in a  process that was fully litigated before Franken was declared victor":  “Sen.  Coleman was represented by some of the best lawyers there are in the country,”  Elias said Wednesday. “At the end of that process, the lead lawyer for Sen.  Coleman told the state Supreme Court that there was no evidence of persistent  fraud in the election.”  O'Brien had a suggested explanation for Pawlenty's comments:  The  aspersions toward Franken’s victory could be politically motivated for Pawlenty,  a possible Republican candidate for president who will need to appeal to  conservatives actively participating in the GOP’s primaries. Franken is a figure  who’s generally reviled by many of those primary voters.

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Stories: 1) 'In Justice': David Iglesias On U.S. Attorney Firings 2) Voter Intimidation Efforts In Philadelphia 3) Voting Access In 10 Key States 4) Parsing The Politics Of 'Main Street'


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Question: Governor Napolitano on Here and Now

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Governor Napolitano joined Steve Goldstein on KJZZ's Here and Now.  As part of her usual monthly visit, she talked about issues facing the state, campaign politics and answered listener comments and questions as well.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Washington's Weiner; Sarah Palin's Mystery Tour; A Good Reason to Hang up the Phone.


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Question: A Future Where Class Warfare Is Much More Than A Metaphor

The writer-director of District 9 returns with Elysium, a dystopian sci-fi/action story with Matt Damon as the hardscrabble hero. Jodie Foster plays the severely chic Big Bad in a saga where the rich live a literally out-of-this-world life above a dying Planet Earth.

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Stories: 1) David Rakoff's 'Half Empty' Full Of Humor, Guilt 2) 'Stand Up, Speak Out,' Derrick Bell Told Law Students 3) John Wayne: Icon Of America's Booming Confidence 4) 'Ides Of March': These Days, All Politics Is Lowball


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Question: Apple Bets Big That You'll Start Paying To Stream Music

Spotify, Google Play, Amazon Prime, Rdio, Rhapsody, Pandora — the list of streaming music service goes on and on. On Tuesday, Apple joins that lineup with the launch of its streaming service, Apple Music. Apple will give consumers a three-month trial, and then it will charge $9.99 a month. But most music lovers still aren't sure why they should pay. Colin Barrett, 31, has tried a few of the streaming services, but he doesn't use them anymore. "There's always sorts of glitches, or they don't have the music that I'm looking for," he says. Barrett is studying to be a pastor, so he's not inclined to steal music, but he's got a perfectly honest way to get free music on YouTube. "I type in, for instance, Man of Steel OST, so I get the original soundtrack of the Man of Steel movie and it plays every song and it just keeps going," he says. When asked what would persuade him to pay for music, Barrett couldn't think of anything. He joins the majority of Americans, most of whom have actually tried streaming music services, according to a survey by Nielsen Entertainment. But only 5 percent pay the $10 a month or so that most of these services charge. Another 10 percent say they might be willing to pay if given a reason, Dave Bakula of Nielsen says. "There are some people that say they have a willingness to pay," he says. "There are some people who say they would pay for particular features or functions or access." And Apple Music has a leg up on Spotify — Taylor Swift. Swift won't put her music on Spotify because she says its free ad-supported service doesn't pay enough. Apple planned to launch its service without paying artists for the music during the three-month free trial it offers users, but after Swift wrote a blog post saying she wouldn't put her music on Apple under those conditions, Apple changed its tune. So, now Apple's got Swift's hit album 1989 and Spotify doesn't. Apple's got another advantage as it enters the streaming market — it has sold nearly half a billion iPhones. Monica Gonzales has a lot of friends who are musicians, so she wants them to get paid. That's why she became a Spotify subscriber. But she says she might consider making the switch to Apple. "If Apple's is as good or better than Spotify, I would probably be more likely to go with them," Gonzales says. "It would be easier to move from a streaming service that's already in Apple to then buying an album that I like, because then you can just do it all in one place." That is if you are a person who lives in the Apple universe. Jay Frank, the CEO of music marketing firm DigMark, says there's room for more than one streaming service, and consumer choice may be about which phone someone has. "One of the things that I predict that will get very interesting may be that the dominant service may vary by country," Frank says. "That variation may actually be somewhat predicated on how deep iPhone penetration is against Android penetration." Though ultimately it still boils down to getting people to pay for something they can largely get for free. Mallory Cloutier, a 28-year-old San Franciscan, is paying for Spotify's streaming service after trying its free ad-based service. "The ads really sneak up on you quickly," she says. "I actually bought in on a special in which the monthly streaming rate was greatly reduced so I could really experience what it would be like to pay and it was worth every moment of it." Still most Spotify users don't appear to be bothered by the ads. Spotify has 20 million paying subscribers, but 55 million additional users stream with the free ad-supported service. Apple's offering only three free months before you pay, and that may not be enough. ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:  Now it's time for All Tech Considered. After a lot of buildup and hype, Apple, the world's largest music retailer, is about to launch its own streaming music service. It joins a growing field of contenders trying to get people to buy subscriptions for streaming, but as NPR's Laura Sydell reports, most Americans still aren't sure why they should pay. LAURA SYDELL, BYLINE: There are so many options to stream music already. When Apple Music launches tomorrow, its joins Spotify, Google Play, Amazon Prime, Rdio, Rhapsody, SoundCloud, Pandora - and the list goes on. Thirty-one-year-old Colin Barrett has tried a few of these services. COLIN BARRETT: But I don't use any of those anymore. There's always sorts of glitches, or they don't have the music that I'm looking for. SYDELL: Barrett's studying to be a pastor, so he's not inclined to steal music, but he's got a perfectly honest way to get free music on YouTube. BARRETT: You know, I type in, for instance, man of steel OST. So I get the original soundtrack of the "Man Of Steel" movie and it plays every song and it just keeps going. SYDELL: What would convince Barrett to pay for a streaming music service? BARRETT: It's kind of hard to answer that question - more so, yeah, like - oh, let's see. SYDELL: After all that hemmi

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We look at the origins of three new media giants: Before They Ruled The World, They Were Grad Students; The Very Long Road to Very Short Messages; and Turning Nerds with Webcams Into Stars (Who Are Still Nerds With Webcams).


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Question: Science Diction: The Origin Of ’Evolution’

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Although Charles Darwin's tome The Origin of Species is associated with the theory of evolution today, Darwin himself preferred terms such as "transmutation by means of natural selection." Science historian Howard Markel discusses how “evolution“ entered the scientific -- and popular -- vocabulary.

Stories: 1) Do You See What I See? A Scientist's Journey Into 3-D 2) Dr. John: Righteous Anger, Graced By Wit 3) Clunky Characters, Cancer Characterize 'Big C'


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


Question: represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details The provided query could be '['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Corporate Responsibility']' and the positive '['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr:', "Margot Adler talks with Mercedes Cardona, financial editor for Ad Age. She talks about why the majority of U.S. consumers don't want ads on the Sept. 11 anniversary, and the companies who have decided to advertise anyhow."]' and the negative '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', "Stories: 1) Overloaded Sewers Lead To 'Toxic Waters' 2) A Cross-Cultural Collaboration, Revisited"]'

Question: Voter Registrations Challenged in Ohio

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The Republican attorney general of Ohio has filed an emergency appeal with a federal appeals court, trying to keep alive a series of challenges to 35,000 new voter registrations in Ohio. Hear reporter Janet Babin of member station WCPN.


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Question: Festival of the Kalends

Michael Ellis looks at an ancient Roman festival with a modern message for the Christmas season.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Woman Lives  Below  Spain's 'Immigration Radar'

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In this week's Postcard segment, listener Kate MacMahon, a television producer, writes about her trip to Spain. Last year, she and her husband lived "below the immigration radar," while the debate about immigration reached a fever pitch back home in the United States.

Stories: 1) In a Morrocco Town, a Cradle for Killers 2) Plowing Under 'The Perfect Crop' in Afghanistan 3) Dewey Redman Revisited


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Question: The Week In Review from 91.7 WVXU

A look back on the week's biggest local news stories from 91.7 WVXU.

Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 925 2) Latino USA Episode 926


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Question: Help Wanted: Are You Skillful At Noodling Around The Web?

The Internet browser Opera is offering to pay someone around $9,000 for two weeks. They say they're "looking for the kind of person who loves silly memes and studying conspiracy theories."

Stories: 1) 'Brain Bugs': Cognitive Flaws That 'Shape Our Lives' 2) What It Means To Be 'Always On' A Smartphone 3) 'Turn Of Mind': The Haunted House Is In Your Head


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Question: Obama Extends Benefits To Gay Federal Workers

President Obama signed a measure Wednesday, giving gay and lesbian employees of the federal government a few of the benefits that married couples get. But the move may do little to appease the growing anger that the president has not made good on his campaign promises to the gay community.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Freddie Gray Update: New Speculation On His Death, And Peaceful Protests. -- Just Do It: Obama Tries To Sway Skeptical Democrats On Trade. And here are more early headlines: Obama To Choose Chicago To Host His Presidential Library. (USA Today) Vt. Senator Sanders Declares Bid For Democratic Presidential Nomination. (The Hill) U.S. Navy To Guard American Flagged Ships In Strait Of Hormuz. (Wall Street Journal) House Votes To End D.C. Law Banning Discrimination Against Women Who Have Abortions. (Washington Post) Chilean Volcano Erupts A Third Time. (Guardian) California Cites Sea World For Failing To Protect Workers Who Care For Killer Whales. (U-T San Diego) Tesla Motors Turns To Energy Systems For Homes. (New York Times)


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Question: Monty Alexander: Jazz Piano Via Jamaican Pop

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The sound of one of this year's Grammy-nominated reggae albums, Harlem-Kingston Express Live, may seem perplexing at first. But don't let the blend of swing and dub confuse you: That's just the unique sound of pianist Monty Alexander. Alexander's music has variously been  described as bebop, calypso and reggae. But after 50 years in music and more than  70 albums, he's earned the right to call  his music simply his own. Alexander grew up in Jamaica playing the piano and the accordion, and he was versed in the up-and-coming popular music of the island. "When  I left Jamaica for the first time in the early '60s, there was no such  name [as reggae]," Alexander says in an interview with All Things Considered host Audie Cornish. "And they had just begun to label that other music ska,  Jamaica ska, and I was one of the musicians playing on those early  recordings. I was about 15 years old." After  moving to the U.S., Alexander found success on the jazz  club scene, playing with several heavyweight artists  on his way up. In his quest to fit in, Alexander says his calypso roots  took a back seat for the early portion of his career. "When you  come from another place and you have a chance to get in with the folks  of whatever avenue you're going down ... you're trying to fit in, and in  order to fit in, you have to leave your stuff behind," Alexander says. After many years and visits back to his native Jamaica, Alexander began to incorporate sounds from his homeland into his music. "I  left the calypso and the island rhythms behind me, but they were always  there in the back of my brain," Alexander says. "And years and years go by, and then I  started to go back to Jamaica more frequently, and I realized how much I  really loved home, and I started to bring back the roots rhythms." The result was a multifaceted sound that eludes genre categorization and, consequently,  a name. "Monty Alexander music, that's all I can come up with," he says. "I  have so many different directions that I can go in and make something  out of it that I'm constantly being motivated by that. So my music is alive, it's right now, it's here and now. That's it." ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:  From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Robert Siegel. AUDIE CORNISH, HOST:  And I'm Audie Cornish. (SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) CORNISH: This is the sound of one of this year's Grammy-nominated reggae albums. (SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) CORNISH: Confused? That's OK. Jamaican-born jazz pianist Monty Alexander gets that a lot. Over the last 50 years, Alexander has put out more than 70 albums, spanning the music spectrum from bebop and reggae to calypso and jazz standards. MONTY ALEXANDER: It's like gumbo. You know, we say in Jamaica, pepper pot. You mix it up and it comes out how it comes out, so it never gets old for me. I never play the same thing over and over. It's always new. CORNISH: Right now, Alexander is in the middle of a special run of performances at the famed Blue Note jazz club in New York. Those shows will highlight tunes like this cut from his most recent live album, "Harlem-Kingston Express," called "High Heeled Sneakers." On that same album, Alexander shows he's not afraid to make the occasional joking nod to the stereotypical tunes people might associate with island music. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "BANANA BOAT SONG") CORNISH: Like the "Banana Boat Song." Alexander taught himself to play the piano as a child growing up in Kingston and by the time he was a teenager, he was already an in demand backup player for up-and-comers in Jamaica's music scene, where roots rock and pop reigned and ska was born. ALEXANDER: I was one of the musicians playing on those early recordings. I was about 15 years old, so there were all these little makeshift gatherings of musicians - singers, rather - that would compose a song and they'd walk into the studio and I would be sitting there with the rest of the players and they'd say, so what you got? And the guy would sing the song and you just sat - so how about this? Yeah, man. Give me that beat. That beat nice. I like that. I like that. CORNISH: So, on the one hand, you have this background and this training and, on the other hand, you end up coming up in the jazz club scene in the States because you came to the States, starting in Miami and Florida, and then eventually going to Las Vegas, playing with some pretty heavyweight jazz artists. ALEXANDER: I guess I was a sponge. Still am. You know, you hear music and whatever the gift is called that I have, I would be able to go over to the piano and pretty much emulate what I'd heard. (SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) CORNISH: So when did you start incorporating more obvious island influences? Because I think of a song like - you have "King Tubby Meets the Rockers Upstairs." (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "KING TUBBY MEETS THE ROCKERS UPSTAIRS") ALEXANDER: Well, in the early days, I would be sort of sneaking in a little tune here and there because I don't know if you can relate to this, but when you come

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Question: Rosenstein Responds To Republican Critics

Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein has responded to articles of impeachment against him drafted by Republican lawmakers. Former Deputy Attorney General Paul McNulty speaks to Steve Inskeep.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- California Wildfires Spread, Spurred On By Strong Winds. -- U.S. Decision On Jerusalem Sparks Anger And Concern. -- Recount Likely In Close Atlanta Mayoral Race. -- 'French Elvis' Johnny Hallyday Dies At 74.  -- British Intelligence Reportedly Foils Plot To Kill Prime Minister. And here are more early headlines: House Delays Stop Gap Spending Bill Vote. (The Hill) Impeachment Articles To Be Introduced In House. (Washington Post) Trump, Jr. To Speak Privately To House Intel Committee. (NBC) Kirstjen Nielsen Confirmed As Homeland Security Secretary. (Politico) Russian Lawmakers To Bar Certain U.S. Media From Chamber. (Reuters)


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Letters to 'Day to Day'

Day to Day senior producer Steve Proffitt joins NPR's Alex Chadwick to correct a few errors we've made in the program, and share some listener comments about recent stories on the program.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: Un-Friendly, We Are The 95 percent, and To Be Or Not To Be A Hoarder.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Nellie McKay in Concert

Born in London and raised in Harlem, 25-year-old Nellie McKay has already carved out a name for herself as a singer, songwriter, musician, actress and comedian. Smart, quirky, unpredictable and highly original, her albums Get Away from Me and Pretty Little Head have received positive reviews and attracted a cultish audience. Hear McKay perform a concert from WXPN and World  Café Live in Philadelphia. Blending jazz, pop and rap with the piano as the focal point, McKay is noted for her sharp and sardonic lyrics, as well as her outspoken views on animal rights and politics. McKay's new album is titled Obligatory Villagers.

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Unplugged Play, Chamber Music Cincinnati Season Preview, Follies at Cincinnati Music Theatre, John Ruthven Interview, Altar Boyz


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Question: Puzzler for Mar. 16, 2005

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Pianist Bruce Adolphe offers a new puzzle challenge for classical music fans. He rewrites a popular melody in the style of a classical composer and challenges a listener -- teamed with NPR's Fred Child -- to identify both. This week's contestant is Elizabeth Cahill of West Columbia, South Carolina.

A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: Nunez: Dems Will Fix Budget Solo, If Needed

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With the clock ticking for legislators to resolve the current year fiscal crisis, Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez vowed today to do it without Republicans if necessary.
In comments to the Sacramento Press Club, the Los Angeles Democrat emphasized that he hopes to find common ground with GOP lawmakers on how to resolve the $3.3 billion shortfall [...]

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To give you a sense - "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details.', 'About 100 female Marines are taking part in a year-long experiment to determine whether they have what it takes to serve in ground combat units.']" should be close to "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details.', "Marine Training Tests Women's Toughness In Ground Combat"]"

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Festival of the Kalends

Michael Ellis looks at an ancient Roman festival with a modern message for the Christmas season.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Morning Shots: Liza, V.I.P. Tickets, Paula Abdul, And Weekend Box Office

I bet you didn't realize you were going to wake up this morning to the opportunity to hear Liza Minnelli cover "Single Ladies." That's what makes this such a baffling and fantastic universe. In this weekend's box office news, there's not a lot to be hugely excited about: Shrek Forever After did not set the world on fire, and MacGruber tanked. An interesting look at the world of V.I.P. concert tickets, including the people who pay $1,000 for their up-close-and-personal time with Rick Springfield. I also love the idea that you can pay $1,750 for a Bon Jovi package, and they say you can keep the metal folding chair. WOWZA! The connection between churches and American Idol is closer than you might think, even if you think of it as fairly close. If you're a user of Facebook, you'll be glad to know the CEO thinks they've made a few mistakes recently where privacy is concerned. Thus does the dance continue between Facebook, its own foot, its own mouth, and its own users. Paula Abdul is returning to prime time television ... but not on Idol, and not on Simon Cowell's new show The X Factor, and not in most of the places her possible appearance has been rumored. Instead, she'll help judge a new CBS show called (get ready) Gotta Dance. There's a new plan afoot to offer you the opportunity to watch movies at home on demand only a month after they're in theaters. The catch? It'll cost you $20 to $30. Great way to avoid popcorn prices and crowds, or massive addition to your cable bill for the privilege of seeing so-so movies a couple of months before you can order them now?

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['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', '(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)\nSecretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]'] == ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', '4 Years... 700,000 More Voters']

Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


Question: British TV Presenter: CNN's Piers Morgan Showed Me How To Hack

CNN host Piers Morgan has been dragged into the U.K.'s hacking scandal once again. This time, the host of the BBC's Newsnight told a media ethics inquiry that Morgan had showed him how to hack into a cell phone's voice mail. SkyTV reports that Jeremy Paxman remembered a lunch from September 2002 for two reasons: First because Morgan seemed to imply that he had heard a conversation between another TV presenter Ulrika Jonsson and England football manager Sven-Goran Eriksson. "I don't know if he was repeating a conversation he had heard or he was imagining this conversation," Paxman said, according to Sky News. Later during that lunch, said Paxman, Morgan asked him if he had a password on his mobile's voicemail. "He then explained the way to get access to people's messages was to go to the factory default setting and press either 0000 or 1234 and that if you didn't put on your own code, his words, 'You're a fool'," Paxman said. Morgan replied to news cheekily on Twitter. "Right - that's the last time I'm inviting Jeremy Paxman to lunch. Ungrateful little wretch," he tweeted. Morgan was the editor of News of the World, a Rupert Murdoch-owned tabloid that has been at the center of a scandal about illegal wiretapping. Morgan then went on to edit the Mirror. And now he hosts a nightly interview show on CNN. The AP reports that Morgan has denied any involvement or knowledge into the hacking practices of the publications. The Los Angeles Times reports:  "The testimony by the British news anchor was not the first to suggest Morgan might have had familiarity with unethical practices during his time at the Daily Mirror. "Last December, a former Daily Mirror journalist told the same inquiry that phone hacking was considered a "standard journalistic tool" at the tabloid once run by the CNN host. One-time business columnist James Hipwell said he believed that hacking by Mirror reporters was a daily routine."  Even earlier than that in July, Morgan was thrust into the spotlight by a British parliamentarian who not only accused Morgan of hacking but also of boasting about his hacking.

Stories: 1) Lizza's 'Brief' Take On A Biden Vice Presidency 2) Absolutely Absurd: The World Of Larry Charles


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Question: Don Van Vliet, Known To Rock Fans As Captain Beefheart, Dies

Avant-garde musician  Captain Beefheart died this morning in California from complications of multiple sclerosis. He was 69. An all-time  favorite of rock critics  -- and known to readers of lists of the best rock albums of all time as the  guy with the hat and the fish face -- Beefheart earned a reputation for making challenging music. But his work was, at its roots, well-executed blues-based rock. His given name was Don Vliet -- he added a Van in between  his first and last names later. He was one of those musicians who sold fewer  records than his best-known fans: Tom Waits, members of R.E.M. and New Order are just a  few of dozens. The late British DJ John Peel called Beefheart a true genius, possibly the only one rock ever produced. Mark Mothersbaugh,  of the band Devo, calls him one of the all-time greats. "The Beatles and The Rolling Stones would  definitely be in that group of what turned me on about music," Mothersbaugh says. "But I have to say that he made me want to be an artist." Born in a Los Angeles  suburb, the only child and art prodigy was featured on a local  television show making animal sculptures as a child. When he was 13  years old, his family moved to the Mojave Desert, where he befriended a  young Frank Zappa. Making avant-garde rock up to exacting standards, after the jump. In 1966, Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band  signed with A&M records and scored a regional hit with a cover of  Willie Dixon's "Diddy Wah Diddy." Pretty soon, Van Vliet was writing  original material for his band. In a 1980 interview with the BBC, he  insisted he was a composer, not a songwriter. And in his band, he was  exacting. "I play the drums. I  play the guitar. I play the piano," he said. "I want it exactly the way I  want it. Exactly. Don't you think that somebody like Stravinsky, for  instance -- don't you think that it would annoy him if somebody bent a  note the wrong way?" A&M didn't like the new direction. They  dropped Beefheart, who signed with Buddah Records. That label convinced  teenage guitar prodigy Ry Cooder to join, and the band won an invitation  to the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967, just after it recorded its debut  album, Safe  As Milk. But Van Vliet, who was  known for his erratic behavior, quickly drove Cooder and another member  from the band. The remaining musicians skipped the historic festival,  and the album sank without a trace. Freed from commercial expectations,  Beefheart found new members and set out in a more avant-garde direction.  Years later, he said he'd never wanted to make regular rock and roll. "That 'mama  heartbeat,' that 'bom-bom-bom' -- it's so boring, it's so banal. I mean  so, uh, hypnotic," he said. "I don't wanna hypnotize anybody. I just  wanna play. I mean, I want things to change -- like the patterns and  shadows that fall from the sun." Beefheart's vibe may have been mellow,  but he drove his new musicians hard. He would sit at the piano and play  complex, discordant parts; drummer John French transcribed them  note-for-note and then taught them to the others. The band all lived  together in a house in Los Angeles, short on cash and food. In a 1999  interview with NPR, guitarist Bill Harkleroad said the atmosphere was  oppressive and cult-like. "He was our hero because of what we thought  of him before we got into the band, so we were all very ripe for this  very controlled situation," Harkelroad said. "And he was very much aware  of sleep deprivation, food deprivation. And we went through a lot of  emotional things -- bashing, physical bashing, even, too." The album that emerged  from that period was produced by Van Vliet's old friend Frank Zappa.  And though it was born of trying times, Trout Mask Replica remains an  acknowledged masterpiece of avant-garde rock. Not that it sold well.  Neither did any of Beefheart's followup releases. And again, the band  disintegrated. Late  in the 1970s, as Van Vliet rehearsed with yet another lineup, Devo's  Mothersbaugh met his hero. He found him intimidating, yet childlike. "Everyone in the band  complained about what a pain in the ass he was, how ridiculous he could  be at times," Mothersbaugh says. "But they all took care of him, and  they all loved him, and they all respected him. And, uh, they were  almost all acting like babysitters that they all loved but that  frustrated the heck out of them." Around that time, doctors  diagnosed Van Vliet's illness. By 1982, he'd stopped making music and  returned to his first love, visual art. The paintings he made in the  1980s and '90s were stark depictions of human and animal forms,  frequently against a white background, influenced by the desert  landscape of his youth. Though the paintings sold well, Van Vliet  withdrew from public life. In 1983, fans caught a final glimpse of the  artist, who was by then seriously ill. A short film by the photographer  and director Anton Corbijn showed the sharp edges in Van Vliet's  personality softened by illness. Against a proje

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Question: Review: Nils Frahm, 'All Melody'

Note: NPR's First Listen audio comes down after the album is released. However, you can still listen with the Spotify or Apple Music playlist at the bottom of the page.  Musician and composer Nils Frahm must feel like a chef who has finally assembled his dream kitchen. Frahm's new album, All Melody (due out Jan. 26), was crafted at Saal 3, a vintage studio space he was offered in an old East Berlin broadcast facility built in the 1950s. A gear-head, Frahm moved many of his retro synthesizers and processors, plus pipe organ and pianos, to the studio. The space includes a series of reverb chambers, where sounds can be pumped into large reverberant spaces and get pushed back to the control room. Still, with every gadget and cable in place, Frahm admits in the liner notes that the album didn't turn out like he had planned. And that's probably a good thing, because what the restless German musician ended up with is perhaps his finest album. Over the span of 12 songs, All Melody is a feast for the ears, a rich experience that is intimate and companionable, symphonically expansive, danceable and, as its title suggests, ripe with melodies. But this time Frahm isn't the only one making those melodies. Unlike his past solo albums, where he was self-sufficient, Frahm invited friends into Saal 3 to play bass marimba, percussion, trumpet, cello and viola. There's even a small choir, Shards, whose members sing in atmospheric, wordless vocalese – sometimes with hints of Meredith Monk, as on the album opener, "The Whole Universe Wants to be Touched." Like most Frahm albums, there's time for repose on All Melody. "My Friend the Forest" begins with rolled piano chords sounding like the strum of a guitar. The pensive, jazz-inflected theme breathes slowly and wouldn't sound out of place on a Keith Jarrett album. Unlike Jarrett though, Frahm places a microphone deep inside the instrument, so the mechanical shuffling of hammers and felt becomes an integral weave in the musical fabric. Rather than an annoyance, the sounds are oddly comforting. Most of the music, however, is cut from very different cloth. There's plenty to groove to on this Nils Frahm album. The atmospheric "#2," with its industrial chugging and muted chimes, adds clipped choral chuffs to a pulsing beat, while "A Place" ping-pongs soft synths to a Latin-tinged rhythm and sensual chorus. On "Sunson," Sven Kacirek's bass marimba dominates (he's featured on seven tracks), interlocking with what sounds like Andean pan pipes as retro synths soar overhead. Several tracks unfold over a span of eight minutes or more; others flow into each other, offering ample space for grooves to evolve, like on "Kaleidoscope," which lives up to its title with symphonic density. Fat trombone-like effects stretch out, giving way to a pipe organ's polyrhythmic oscillations, supported by a bed of pillowy voices. The album's title track is fueled by marimba riffs, a sheen of electronics and a jazzy keyboard solo, as if Kraftwerk had cut a track with Herbie Hancock. All Melody is an ambitious ambient-electro-acoustic creation that will still sound vital 10 years from now. It's also a sublime starting point for those unfamiliar with this multifaceted musician. With his new creative "kitchen" in place, we can only wonder what delights Frahm might deliver next from Saal 3.

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Question: How The Government Set Up A Fake Bank To Launder Drug Money

In the early 1990s, Colombian drug cartels had a problem: They had more money than they knew what to do with. "They were having a very difficult time with just the logistics of laundering millions and millions and millions of dollars every week," says Skip Latson, who worked for the DEA at the time. So Latson and Bill Bruton, who was a special agent with the IRS, hatched a plan: They'd create a fake, offshore bank catering to the needs of the drug cartel. Latson and Bruton got their bosses to sign on. Soon, RHM Trust Bank was up and running on Anguilla, an island in the Caribbean. With the help of a South American informant, the bank started getting customers. The big Colombian cartels would send a fax saying they had cash in New York City or wherever. Someone would arrange a pickup, and the cash would be deposited in an account at the fake bank. The money laundering world was surprisingly vast and sophisticated, with money hidden in the normal flow of international trade, in payments for things like tractor parts. Latson and Bruton started collecting phone numbers, names and evidence, and pieced together how it all worked. One particularly effective trick: When some shadowy figure asked to withdraw money, they would stall for a day or so. That would often prompt the true owner of the account to call up and demand his money. "We picked up more information by being a bad bank who didn't handle money quickly and effectively," Latson says. The fake offshore bank was so successful, Bill and Skip eventually had to shut it down, for fear their cover might be blown. In the end, 117 people in four countries were arrested in what became known as Operation Dinero. Usually, the secrecy of the offshore world makes life hard for people on the law-enforcement side. But this time, for a moment, the secrecy worked the other way. It made a sting operation possible. And, while the operation clearly didn't end the drug trade or money laundering, Bruton and Latson say it at least made drug dealers wary of using banks to launder their money. RENEE MONTAGNE, HOST:  Earlier this year, our Planet Money team set up an offshore company to try to get a better idea of what goes on in that secretive world. Turns out, theirs was not an entirely original idea. David Kestenbaum brings us this story of two U.S. special agents who went offshore and set up a fake bank. DAVID KESTENBAUM, BYLINE: If you're a drug trafficker in, say, Colombia, you've got a peculiar problem. The cocaine you send to the United States, people don't pay with credit cards. They pay with cash, sometimes small bills - tens, fives, ones. And all that currency, it's heavy. Bill Bruton was a special agent with the IRS. He remembers one raid on a drug trafficker's home. There was all this cash. BILL BRUTON: I think it was in, like, seven or eight suitcases, and it took ten of us to carry it, it was so heavy. KESTENBAUM: In the 1990s, this was a real problem for the Colombia drug cartels. Skip Latson worked for the Drug Enforcement Administration. SKIP LATSON: They were having a very difficult time with just the logistics of laundering millions and millions and millions of dollars every week. KESTENBAUM: Every week? LATSON: Well, yes. KESTENBAUM: Which is when Skip and Bill came up with what was arguably a crazy idea. BRUTON: We're saying, well, let's open up a bank. KESTENBAUM: A bank that would cater to the needs of the drug cartels. Bill and Skip set up an offshore bank in the Caribbean. It needed a name, and they thought, well, it should definitely have the trust in it - also initials. Bank names have initials. And so RHM Trust Bank was born. With the help of an informant, the bank started getting customers. The big Colombian cartels would send a fax, saying we have cash in New York City or wherever, and we need it deposited in this account. And they'd provide a beeper number. BRUTON: Whoever's going to pick the money up calls the beeper. The guy calls him back and says meet me at XYZ street corner at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. And what kind of car are you going to be in? Oh, I'm going to be in a blue Chevy. KESTENBAUM: The Colombian money laundering world was surprisingly vast and sophisticated. The money was being hidden in the normal flow of international trade, in payments for things like tractor parts. But Skip and Bill started collecting phone numbers and names and evidence, and they pieced together how it all worked. BRUTON: One of the tricks that I always laughed at when Skip wanted to find out who the true owner of the money was, he would delay by 24 hours in sending in the money. LATSON: And then we'd get telephone calls and find out, oh, that person comes out of the woodwork when it looks like that the money may be in jeopardy. BRUTON: We picked up more information by being a bad bank who didn't handle money quickly and effectively. KESTENBAUM: The fake offshore bank was so successful that Bill and Skip eventually had to shut it down for fear their cover m

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Question: Raise Your Paws: Vote For A Winner In The National Pet Radio Contest

During our week-long casting call for public radio-loving pets, we received dozens of great entries from our listeners as well as (some furry) fans tuning in around the country. And while there were lots of cute critters submitted, the seven photos in the slideshow below are the National Pet Radio Contest finalists, which were selected by a panel of NPR judges. Vote Now: Take a look through the images below, and vote on your pick to win by Sunday, Feb. 17, at 11:59 PM (ET). Prizes will go to three runners-up in addition to the grand prize winner. Thank you to everyone who entered! See complete list of contest rules.

Minimum Wage, Good News / Bad News, Real Bears vs. Real Colts, Space Diaries, Last Chance for Oysters, Life of a Dealer


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Question: Your Way Home for Friday, September 15, 2006

Ney-gative publicity for Republicans today as an Ohio Congressman says sorry, and, guilty. US Representative Bob Ney is the first member of Congress to plead guilty in the corruption scandal linked to lobbyist Jack Abramoff. We'll check in with our correspondent in Washington. Republican Senator George Voinovich meanwhile has thoughts of Ford on his mind. We'll hear what he had to say at a manufacturing conference in Cleveland today. Plus, setting an agenda for the region. We'll hear what organizers of the next Voices and Choices Town meeting hope to hear form more than a thousand northeast Ohioans tomorrow, and we'll listen in to the sounds of camaraderie as the Cleveland Orchestra wraps up its European Tour.

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Question: Criminal Justice Collaborative

This team covers the nation's criminal justice system, including challenges to justice equity; recidivism; juvenile justice; prisons; police-community relations; crime-fighting strategies and trends including surveillance tools and technology.

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Jo Ann Kay McNamara talks with Terry Gross about her book "Sisters In Arms: Catholic Nuns Thro...

Jo Ann Kay McNamara talks with Terry Gross about her book "Sisters In Arms: Catholic Nuns Through Two Millennia." It is published by Harvard University Press. McNamara is a Professor of History at Hunter College amd at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York.

Stories: 1) Michael Beschloss: Critical Moments, Critical Choices 2) Lesbian Activist, Pioneering Journalist Del Martin 3) 'Trouble The Water' Captures Katrina On Camcorder


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Question: Keira Knightley Hearts NPR

Leo Tolstoy's classic novel Anna Karenina has been made into a movie several times, and in the most recent adaptation, Keira Knightley plays the title role. The actress came in to talk with NPR host Guy Raz on All Things Considered over the weekend about how the movie's director, Joe Wright, and his team went about presenting this familiar story in a new way; how "Anna" seems different to her than when she first read the book at age 19; and the only piece of acting advice her father (stage actor Will Knightley) ever gave her. On her way out, Knightley was gracious enough to pose for a photo. As you can see, she's just as radiant loving NPR as she is loving Count Vronsky.

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Stories: 1) Uma Thurman: Before 'Her Eyes,' A Varied Life 2) Boogie-Woogie and Blues: Small Can Be Sweet


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Question: Hartsfield Airport Woes

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Joshua Levs reports from the world's busiest passenger airport, Hartsfield Airport in Atlanta. The decline in air traffic since last months' terrorist attacks has hurt the airport financially. Last year, Hartsfield had an annual payroll of nearly $2 billion and operating revenues of more than $250 million. The money came from landing fees, concession revenues, parking fees and rents from stores.

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Examples:

Given ['', "Nevada GOP Aggressively Tries To Break Democrats' Lock On Latino Voters"] it matches with ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details.', 'Latino voters in swing states like Nevada could decide the outcome of the 2016 race for president. Democrats have historically had a lock on their vote. But Republicans think they can change that.'] but not with ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', "Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music."]

Question: A History Of The Income Tax

NPR's Melissa Block speaks to author Steven Weisman of the Peterson Institute for International Economics about the history of income tax. Weisman is also the author of The Great Tax Wars: Lincoln to Wilson.

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Stories: 1) Untangling The Complex Foreclosure Mess 2) Finding The Best Of The Bands On The Beatles' Label


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Question: Wanda Jackson On Mountain Stage

Wanda Jackson makes her second appearance on Mountain Stage, recorded live in the border town of Bristol, Tenn./Va., in partnership with the Birthplace of Country Music Alliance. Enjoying yet another career renaissance on the heels of her Jack White-produced album The Party Ain't Over, Jackson returned to the studio earlier this year alongside Justin Townes Earle. The resulting album is aptly titled Unfinished Business. Hailed as the Queen of Rockabilly, Jackson's career began when she was still in high school. She soon found herself on the road with the likes of Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis and Johnny Cash. Originally a country singer, Jackson was encouraged to perform rock 'n' roll by Presley, with whom she shared a brief romance. Backed by Heath Haynes & The High Dollars, Jackson's set includes her signature tune "Let's Have a Party," along with two songs that were not heard during the radio broadcast. Set List  "Riot In Cell Block Number 9" "Betcha My Heart" "Shakin' All Over" "I'm Tore Down" "I Saw The Light" "Let's Have A Party"  This installment of Mountain Stage was first published on Nov. 5, 2012.

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Stories: 1) The 'Big Fan' Team: Patton Oswalt, Robert Siegel 2) The Subhumans' Timeless Hardcore Punk


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Question: Lawsuit Forces Release of Government Data On Racial Inequity Of Coronavirus

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For the first time in the states history, Arizona has activated "crisis of care standards," a set of protocols health care workers can use to make decisions about how to allocate resources. The mayor of Houston says ICU beds are starting to fill up and the city has two weeks to get things under control. The New York Times sued the federal government to obtain data collected by the CDC that reveals more information about how the virus has affected people of color in the United States. The numbers revealed Latinx and Black people are three times as likely to become infected as white people.The virus is spreading fast in Florida. To reach the hardest hit communities, public health workers in Miami are going door to door in Latinx neighborhoods with supplies and information.Find and support your local public radio station.Email us at considerthis@npr.org.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No End In Sight As Government Shutdown Begins. -- Obama: 'Perpetual Cycle Of Brinksmanship ... Has To End.' -- In Talk Of Shutdown, A Familiar Feeling At The White House. And here are more early headlines: Despite Government Shutdown, Obamacare Opens Enrollment Today. (Reuters) Israeli Prime Minister Visits U.N. Today, Warning Against Iran. (CBS) U.S. Diplomats Expelled From Venezuela For 'Sabotage'. (CNN) Bangladesh Sentences Opposition Leader To Death For War Crimes. (BBC) Greece Cracks Down On Far Right Party Accused Of Murder, Corruption. (Guardian) Jury Seated In Insider Trading Trial Of Dallas Mavericks Owner. (New York Times) UC Berkeley Blast May Be Linked To Underground Copper Theft. (San Jose Mercury News) Police Catch Thief Sprayed With Liquid That Glows In Ultraviolet Light. (Reuters)


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Question: For Many Orthodox, Christmas Is Just Beginning

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You have packed up those Christmas decorations, but for many Orthodox Christians, the celebrations are just getting started. Guest host Celeste Headlee speaks with Father Daniel Habib, a Coptic Christian priest, about why many Orthodox churches observe Christmas on January 7th.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Big Data Comes To College

When students at Purdue University are reading their homework assignments, sometimes the assignments are reading them too. A software program called Course Signals  tracks various pieces of information, including the number of points earned in the course and the amount of time the student has spent logged in to the college's software platform. Course Signals combines this data with knowledge about the student's background, such as her high school GPA, and generates a "green," "yellow," or "red" light representing her chances of doing well in the course. Professors then have the option of sending students text messages or emails either warning them to buckle down or cheering them on. "We work on sending tailored feedback--tips, tricks, hints," says Matt Pistilli, a research scientist at Purdue who helped develop Course Signals. "It's giving students good information, so it doesn't come across as saying you're going to fail as much as, you're going to do better." Course Signals has now been used by 24,000 students at various schools since its introduction in 2007, including about a fifth of Purdue's undergraduates in recent years. It has been shown to increase the number of students earning A's and B's and lower the number of D's and F's, and it significantly raises the chances that students will stick with college for an additional year, from 83% to 97%. This is one early real-world application of the new and rapidly expanding fields of research called learning analytics and educational data mining. When students use software as part of the learning process, whether in online or blended courses or doing their own research, they generate massive amounts of data. Scholars are running large-scale experiments using this data to improve teaching; to help students stay motivated and succeed in college; and even to learn more about the brain and the process of learning itself. But with all this potential comes serious concerns. Facebook caused a furor over the past couple of weeks when the company's lead scientist published a research paper indicating that the social network had tinkered with the news feeds of hundreds of thousands of people in an experiment to see whether their emotions could be influenced. As unsettling as that may have been, users of a recreational social network are free to click away or delete their accounts at any time. College students, on the other hand, are committed. Earning a degree is crucial to their future success, and requires a significant investment of time and money. So academics are scrambling to come up with rules and procedures for gathering and using student data--and manipulating student behavior. "This is a huge opportunity for science, but it also brings very large ethical puzzles," says Dr. Mitchell Stevens, director of digital research and planning at Stanford University's Graduate School of Education. "We are at an unprecedented moment in the history of the human sciences, in which massive streams of information about human activity are produced continuously through online interaction." Experts say the ethical considerations are lagging behind the practice. "There's a ton of research being done...[yet] if you do a search on ethics and analytics I think you'll get literally seven or eight articles," says Pistilli, who is the author of one of them. Large Ethical Puzzles In June, Stevens helped convene a gathering to produce a set of guidelines for this research. The Asilomar Convention was in the spirit of the Belmont Report of 1979, which created the rules in use today to evaluate research involving human subjects. But the existing human-subject rules fit the new data-driven world "only awkwardly," Stevens says. Take the most basic principle: informed consent. It says that research subjects should be notified in advance of the nature and purposes of an experiment and be able to choose whether to participate. But what does informed consent really mean when data collection occurs invisibly, done along with an action like turning in your homework? Another catch: Often, scientists can't or don't want to specify the purposes of an experiment in advance, since they identify important patterns only after collecting a bunch of data. Yet another set of concerns arises because a lot of the new educational data collection is proprietary. Companies like Pearson, Blackboard and Coursera each have information on millions of learners. "This is not a new problem for science," Stevens says, pointing to pharmaceutical and medical research. "But it is a new fact in the field of education research." A fact that raises big questions: Who owns this data? The student, the institution, the company or some combination? Who gets to decide what is done in whose best interest? Asilomar came up with a set of broad principles that include "openness," "justice," and "beneficence." The final one is "continuous consideration," which, essentially, acknowledges that ethics remain a moving target in these s

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Provided: "['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.\nOn Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]']" Match: "['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth:', 'Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan']"

Public Financing of Political Campaigns, The Legend of St. Nicholas, Field Notes: Gorillas, Focus on Technology, Gluten-Free Living, The Big Screen: Forever


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Question: Pregnancy Discrimination Can Lead To Miscarriages And More, New York Times Reports

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This hour originally aired on Oct. 24, 2018. With Meghna Chakrabarti Harrowing stories of discrimination against pregnant women in the workplace. It’s rampant and in some cases, can lead to miscarriage. We’ll take a deep dive into The New York Times investigation. Guests Jessica Silver-Greenberg, New York Times reporter covering finance. (@jbsgreenberg) Natalie Kitroeff, New York Times reporter covering the economy. (@Nataliekitro) Joan Williams, professor of law at University of California, Hastings College of the Law. Director of the Center for WorkLife Law, which runs the initiative Pregnant @ Work. (@JoanCWilliams) From The Reading List New York Times: “Miscarrying at Work: The Physical Toll of Pregnancy Discrimination” — “Pregnancy discrimination is widespread in corporate America. Some employers deny expecting mothers promotions or pay raises; others fire them before they can take maternity leave. But for women who work in physically demanding jobs, pregnancy discrimination often can come with even higher stakes. “The New York Times reviewed thousands of pages of court and other public records involving workers who said they had suffered miscarriages, gone into premature labor or, in one case, had a stillborn baby after their employers rejected their pleas for assistance — a break from flipping heavy mattresses, lugging large boxes and pushing loaded carts. They worked at a hospital, a post office, an airport, a grocery store, a prison, a fire department, a restaurant, a pharmaceutical company and several hotels.” The Cut: “It’s Perfectly Legal for Companies to Put Pregnant Women at Risk of Miscarriage” — “In a disturbing new investigation published this weekend, the New York Times spoke to several women who suffered pregnancy losses while working physically demanding jobs. In some cases, the women brought in letters from their doctors recommending they take on lighter duties or shorter shifts, which they say their supervisors ignored. As the Times points out, this cruel refusal to accommodate the needs of pregnant women, and the willingness to put their health and the health of their pregnancies at risk, is often completely legal. “Currently, the only federal law in place to protect pregnant individuals is the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, which says a company only has to make accommodations for a pregnant employee if they are already doing so for other workers ‘similar in their ability or inability to work.’ So, if a company isn’t giving nonpregnant employees more breaks or shorter shifts, they don’t have to give them to pregnant employees either. “In other words, as New York congressman Jerrold Nadler told the Times, if companies ‘treat their nonpregnant employees terribly, they have every right to treat their pregnant employees terribly as well.’ “

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


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Question: Get That Paper: What Lottery Winnings Do To Your Life

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The combined Mega Millions and Powerball winnings have topped $2 billion. Tickets are reportedly selling at a rate of up to hundreds per minute in the 44 states (plus D.C. and the U.S. Virgin Islands) where they’re available. It’s more than money at stake if you win. A financial windfall is life-changing, but lottery wins, in particular, are not always a reason to celebrate. Because maybe money can’t buy happiness. But can it? Recent psychological research indicates that while money isn’t everything, not having it actually is. “When our basic needs for adequate food, safety, health care, and shelter aren’t met, an increase in income makes a much larger difference for us than when we are relatively comfortable,” Sonja Lyubomirsky writes in Psychology Today.  Another way to put it is that money makes us happier if it keeps us from being poor. After all, those of us who have very little are more likely to be evicted from our homes, go hungry, live in a crime-ridden community, have a child drop out of school, lack the resources to obtain medical care, or be unable to manage the pain, stress, and practical demands of a disease or disability. Even a modest increase in income can alleviate or prevent many of these adverse situations. These ideas help explain why money makes poorer people happier, but why does money have a relatively weak effect on wealthier people’s happiness? One answer is that as income rises beyond a certain level, its positive effects (e.g., the ability to fly first class or retain top-notch medical specialists) may be offset by some negative effects, like increased time pressure (e.g., longer working hours and commutes) and increased stress (e.g., holding powerful positions, anxieties about investments, and problems with overindulged children). And because wealth allows people to experience the best that life has to offer, it can reduce their capacity to savor life’s small pleasures.  Winners of the lottery face an additional set of pressures, and these issues start piling up as soon as the winning number is drawn. First, who do you tell? Sure, you may want to brag, but lottery winners are hounded by scammers and sometimes robbed or killed. Time found several winners who regretted even buying a ticket. Next, if you win, do you take the money in installments, or settle for a smaller amount up-front? And how do you handle taxes and the inevitable outreached hands that reach toward you once it becomes clear you’ve won? Fortunately for most people reading this, odds are, we’ll never have to answer these questions. GUESTS Jay Zagorsky, Professor, Boston University Questrom School of Business;   @ProfJayZ Susan Bradley, Founder, Sudden Money Institute; expert, financial transitions planning;  @SuddenMoney For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Gov. Jay Inslee, Who Ran On Climate Change, Withdraws From Presidential Race

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Updated at 9:50 p.m. ET Democratic presidential candidate Jay Inslee announced Wednesday that he is withdrawing from the race.  "It's become clear that I'm not going be carrying the ball, I'm not going to be the president, so I'm withdrawing tonight from the race," the Washington governor said on MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show. Inslee made climate change a top issue as a candidate. He proposed a 10-year action plan to, according to his campaign website, "achieve 100% clean electricity, 100% zero-emission new vehicles and 100% zero-carbon new buildings."  "[Climate change] does call for a president to make this Job 1, because if it is not Job 1, it won't get done," Inslee told NPR in March. "We have to understand if we don't solve the climate crisis, it will prevent us from dealing with all of our other hopes and challenges."  But despite his focus on the issue, he didn't qualify for CNN town hall on climate next month and hadn't qualified for the September presidential debate.  In an message to his supporters, Inslee thanked them for helping change the "entire national dialogue" on climate change.  "Before I decided to run, Trudi and I — my wife of nearly 47 years — decided in our final days we wanted to be able to tell our three grandchildren, Brody, Zoe, and Chase, that we had done everything in our power to defeat this crisis," he wrote.  "It is because of you and hundreds of thousands of others in this movement that we can now say that we have enjoyed one of life's greatest gifts — to make a difference on a big issue."

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)