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Question: Nobody, Not Even Your Mom, Has Such Small Hands: 10 Other Products 'For Her'

Okay, so Bic has been taking a lot of flack for selling this pen "for her." (As it says on its web site, it is "a ball pen essentially for women," although that seems to invite a caveat, such as, "although there may be certain men to whom it appeals and we don't judge.") It appears that the Bic For Her's "for her"-osity is primarily related to (1) being pink, and (2) being slightly narrower, to fit your itty bitty lady fingers. (Not ladyfingers, which is a different thing entirely and perhaps can be slighted for inappropriate appeal to cannibalism, but not to gendered retail.) On the other hand, I am a lady, after all. My mother is a lady! My sister is a lady! Some of my best friends are ladies, and we buy things, and I'm beginning to think that maybe we've just been oppressed by purchasing "For Him" products rather than demanding that we be given access to special "For Her" products that cater to the exact version of us that marketers see when they look into their bright pink crystal balls. I am making a wish list. 1. Post-Its For Her. (Proposed name: "Giggle Papers.") Pink, obvs. But more to the point, these Post-Its would be shaped like lipstick, so that I could slide them into the ornate lipstick cases that I am always carrying around. And then when I am daintily slipping into the girls' room to freshen my mouth, I can write myself a note at the same time. It will probably say, "Get hobbies." 2. Smartphone For Her. (Proposed name: "The Droid XX." Get it? That idea is free.) Okay, yes. There are apps For Her. (I won't tell you about them. They are found under "Lifestyle" or maybe "Health," and they have something to do with tracking unmentionable things going on in girl bodies, possibly having something to do with [REDACTED AND MOVING ON].) But really, why not phones For Her? Specifically, if this is for the way ladies communicate, I envision a phone with a special compartment for my slam book. Great at (slumber) parties! 3. Spoons For Her. (Proposed name: "Li'l Spoonies.") Molded to perfectly clean out the inside of a probiotic yogurt container. 4. Scissors For Her. (Proposed name: "The Mani-Cure.") Designed with special padding to avoid possible damage to fingernail polish while clipping coupons. 5. Toothbrush For Her. (Proposed name: "Mme. Shinymouth.") This special brush is made to be waved around near your mouth rather than actually applied to your teeth where it might disturb your lipstick. It also has a gently curved handle so that if you happen to be photographed, you will look as elegant as Kate Middleton would be if she were unexpectedly photographed while brushing her teeth. You deserve to feel like royalty, darling. 6. Garden Hose For Her. (Proposed name: "Flower Shower.") This delicate, hand-held pink sprinkler is constructed with a built-in umbrella so you can walk around the yard dousing your plants in water without getting your dress damp. It also has a built-in LCD screen that can bring up your horoscope. (Requires WiFi.) 7. Hammer For Her. (Proposed name: "Girl Pow!-er.") Made of lucite with pink rhinestones, has an empty handle in which you can conceal a rolled-up slip of paper with the name and telephone number of a hunky neighbor available to help you put up your pictures. 8. Paper Bag For Her. (Proposed name: "Let's Do Lunch! Bags.") These pink paper bags come with a moist towelette, a card listing the calorie counts for popular lunchtime foods, and a packet of sugar-free iced tea mix. 9. Light Bulbs For Her. (Proposed name: "Watt-A-Beauty!") These cast a soft pink glow and are engineered to hide unsightly blemishes. If they break, rather than creating a lot of dangerous glass, they disintegrate into cotton candy that you and your galpals can enjoy during a breakup sob session! 10. Clock For Her. (Proposed name: "The Tick-Tock!") Tracks your decreasing fertility and the drop in your market value so you know when it's time to settle. STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:  Some other news. A company know for making razors for women is also making pens for her. The Bic pens advertise a thin barrel to fit a woman's hand. They come in pastel shades. Not to put too fine a point on it, but NPR's Neda Ulaby found some skepticism. NEDA ULABY, BYLINE: The first place to go is Amazon UK. The page where you can buy the pen is being visited by thousands of Americans, including Gwen Sharp, and they're completely cracking up over the comments. GWEN SHARP: Pray thee, sir, what is this pen of which you speak, you know, and what is this magical product? ULABY: Sharp is a sociologist, and she says women are willing to buy pink razors or female deodorant. SHARP: But a pen sort of crosses a line that people see as particularly stupid. ULABY: And people have gone to town pointing that out on Facebook, Jezebel, the Huffington Post. Now, products have been gendered for as long as there have been marketers. (SOUNDBITE OF AD) UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Just for Men gel penetrates tough gray and puts it away. ULABY: But Sharp says tha

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Stories: 1) Jane Mayer: The Risks Of A Remote-Controlled War 2) The Ethical, Psychological Effects Of Robotic Warfare 3) Nellie McKay's 'Blueberry Pie,' A Tribute to Doris Day


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Question: Letters And Comments From

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For example, ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'NPR profiled a number of students who graduated this spring and entered what was perhaps the toughest, most uncertain job market in generations. Here, we update the series, with a look at how one grad fared in his quest for work. After sending out nearly 200 applications since his graduation this spring, Christopher Self, of Rapid City, S.D., finally landed a job. Self, an Air Force veteran, says he was getting worried he would not find work in his field -- supply chain logistics. But then in mid-September, he received his first real job offer. To start his new career, he will have to move from Rapid City to Omaha, Neb. So, on a recent Friday night, his friends packed themselves into his small house to relive some college memories, enjoy a few beers and say goodbye. "It is a dream job for me in my dream career field, so I\'m pretty stoked -- pretty excited about it," Self says. Out Of The Driver\'s Seat Before the job offer, he worked long hours as a truck driver to help make ends meet while in school.\xa0But now he\'s moving out of the truck driver\'s seat and into a corporate office chair. Self\'s new job is with the same trucking company he\'s been driving for over the past several years, Amcon Distributing Company.\xa0He will oversee the management of the entire fleet of trucks. "To be honest, some of the best connections I had were the networking connections," Self says. The Importance Of Face Time, Tenacity More and more in a difficult economy, the face-to-face relationship is the one that makes the difference, according to job placement specialists. "Companies hire people they know. They hire people who have experience in the field.\xa0So [Self] took advantage of both of those things," says Peggy Schlechter, dean of students at National American University -- the for-profit college Self attended. She says taking a blue-collar job in the same field you want a white-collar career is a good way to get a foot in the door. But Schlechter warns that it still takes some tenacity to land a dream job. "The job market now is tougher than it used to be, but there are jobs that are still out there," she says. "It might just take a little longer and a little more diligence." But diligence only goes so far. Recent Grads Still \'Stuck In Neutral\' The unemployment rate for people with college degrees is less than half the national rate, but young people just out of school are still facing the toughest job market in a generation. The unemployment rate for recent college graduates is not likely to make any sort of quick turnaround, says Josh Bivens of the Economic Policy Institute in Washington, D.C., who has co-authored a paper on the job prospects for young adults in this recession. He says the prospects for these young men and women are "pretty much following the rest of the labor market, in that it\'s been stuck in neutral for about the past eight or nine months. And there is no sign of improvement." Expensive education and training sometimes do not help with job searches, Bivens says, noting that young college graduates have not been able to buy themselves out of the bad labor market. He says the unemployment rate for college grads won\'t improve until the economy begins to grow. Unlike many recent grads, Self doesn\'t have any debt. As a veteran, the military paid for his degree. So he felt obligated to taxpayers who covered his education to keep the job search going. "From some of the predictions I was hearing from some of the industry experts, it was up to a year that I should be job hunting," he says. Self knows he\'s lucky. For a large number of recent graduates who are still searching for jobs,\xa0there is no reason to party. ARI SHAPIRO, host:  The unemployment rate for people with college degrees is far lower than the national average. But young people just out of university are still facing the toughest job market in a generation. This past spring, we brought you a series of reports profiling new college graduates.  South Dakota Public Broadcastings Charles Michael Ray has this update.  CHARLES MICHAEL RAY: After sending out nearly 200 applications, Christopher Self of Rapid City, South Dakota, finally landed a job.  (Soundbite of party)  RAY: This is Selfs going-away party. His friends have packed themselves into a small house to relive some old college memories, and to enjoy a few beers. Self is leaving Rapid City, where he went to school, and heading to Omaha, Nebraska, to start his new career.  Mr. CHRISTOPHER SELF (College Graduate): It is a dream job for me in my dream career field, so Im pretty stoked, pretty excited about it.  RAY: Before the job offer, Self worked long hours as a truck driver to help make ends meet while in school. But now, hes moving out of the truck drivers seat and into a corporate office chair. His new job is with the same company hes been driving for. Hes going to oversee the management of the entire fleet of trucks, and its a job he says is tailor-made for his degree in international business. H'] should be similar to ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR!', 'Trucking Pays Off With Position For Recent Grad']

Letters and comments from the PT Listener Line, including reactions to our coverage of Classical Music Month, last week's Coming to Terms with Miles Hoffman on the acoustics of music, and our tribute to the Philadelphia Orchestra.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news... Sanity For Humanity, Vlad The Emailer, It Takes An Olympic Village


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Question: My River Home: A Journey from the Gulf War to the Gulf of Mexico

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Guest: Marcus Eriksen, Director of Research and Education for the Algalita Marine Research Foundation and an active member of Veterans for Peace

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Stories: 1) Teddy Roosevelt And The Fire That Saved The Forests 2) A Memoir Of Pakistan, Islamic Fundamentalism


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Question: Obama Steps In To End Philadelphia Commuter Rail Strike

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President Obama has stepped in to end a commuter rail strike in Philadelphia. On Saturday, Obama granted Republican Gov. Tom Corbett's request for the creation of an emergency board to mediate the contract issues. NPR member station WHYY reports:  "Obama ordered the establishment of the three-member board effective at 12:01 a.m. Sunday. He called for "a swift and smooth resolution" of the dispute between the Southeast Pennsylvania Transportation Authority and its engineers and electricians unions. "Workers will have to return to the job when the board goes into effect after midnight, however SEPTA said rail service wouldn't be up and running until around 6 a.m. Sunday. They don't have to resume direct talks with each other, but they do have to participate with the board's process, which typically involves written submissions and hearings. "Obama is giving the board 30 days to deliver a report recommending how the dispute should be resolved."  The Philadelphia Inquirer reports that SEPTA trains carry about 60,000 riders on a typical weekday. Few, however, were inconvenienced because the strike started Saturday and trains were back up and running by Sunday morning. Jerri Williams, SEPTA spokeswoman, told the paper that "all workers scheduled for the Sunday morning shift have showed up."

Good morning - here are some stories we're following today: Luxury Cars Do Poorly In New Type Of Crash Test. Unsealed Documents 'Hint At The Evidence' In Colorado Shootings. N.J. Gov. Chris Christie, Fla. Senator Marco Rubio To Give Key Speeches At Republican National Convention. (National Journal) Western Wildfires Destroy Homes, Leave One Firefighter Dead. (AP) Defected Syrian Prime Minister Claims Assad Regime Is Collapsing. (BBC) In A Change, Iran Now Welcomes Aid For Earthquake Victims. (VOA) French Youths Clash With Police For Second Night. (Reuters) Violence Turns Deadly Between Two Unions At South African Platinum Mine. (AllAfrica.com) Educational Accrediting Agency Issues Warning To Penn State. (USA Today) Conn. Woman Wrongly Billed For 25 Years For Streetlights, Gets Refund. (Hartford Courant)


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Question: Gen. David Petraeus Gets A Demotion

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Earlier, we noted how pleased several analysts are with President Obama's decision to pick Gen. David Petraeus to replace Gen. Stanley McChrystal. But isn't this a demotion for Petraeus, the head of the United States Central Command (US CENTCOM)? According to the National Review's Jonah Goldberg, it isn't. "The idea that he has been demoted strikes me as absurd in the grand sense of things," he writes. "You could yank all the stars off his shoulders and if he succeeded in his new assignment, no one would care."  It is not a demotion to be considered the indispensable man in the most important challenge facing the military. The fact that he stepped "down" to take the job is a promotion in every meaningful sense. Paper titles don't matter all that much at his level.  Associated Press reporters Kimberly Dozier and Anne Flaherty say that, technically speaking, it is. "Yet no one who has worked with him thinks that's how he'll see it," they note, quoting John Nagl, the president of the Center for a New American Security, who says that Petraeus "is getting another opportunity to step into a war at a critical inflection point. So this is by no means a step down."  Blogging for The Washington Post, Ezra Klein draws an important lesson from the resignation of Gen. Stanley McChrystal and the appointment of his successor: "The McChrystal controversy has reflected extraordinarily well on the military as an institution," he writes.  "McChrystal was clearly lax on policing criticism within his command, but when the system was made aware of that failure, the system worked.  You did not see politically disgruntled generals rallying around McChrystal."  Instead, what you saw was David Petraeus taking a command that amounts to a demotion from his current post and could destroy his reputation as a miracle worker.  Until yesterday, Petraeus would have been remembered for changing the momentum of the war in Iraq.  He very easily could've rested on those laurels for the rest of his life, Klein notes.  Instead, Petraeus is going to put that reputation back on the line in service of a war effort that may well be doomed.  Why?  Well, the citizen who leads the military asked him to, and a soldier obeys.  OK.  So, the thrust of all this is: technically Petraeus is taking a demotion, but really, it's not a big deal.  Really. Clare Sestanovich puts it all in an historical context, in a post on Foreign Policy's Passport blog:  This isn't entirely unprecedented. In 1941, then-President Franklin Roosevelt demoted Douglas MacArthur as part of a strategic -- not punitive -- change of policy.  Of course, as Sestanovich notes, "ten years later, of course, MacArthur got the axe for real for his public disagreements with President Harry Truman over U.S. strategy in the Korean war."

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Stories: 1) Reich Blames Economy's Woes On Income Disparity 2) Zach Galifianakis: A Comedic Actor Takes A Dark Turn


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Question: As Some Families Leave Detroit, Others Move In

At around 700,000 people, it’s no secret that Detroit is much smaller than it used to be. People are still leaving the city overall. But that rate is slowing, as some people discover new reasons to move in. From the Here & Now Contributors Network, Sarah Cwiek of Michigan Radio has the story of two Detroit households moving in opposite directions, and the different forces tugging on the city’s population.
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Reporter

Sarah Cwiek, Detroit reporter for Michigan Radio. She tweets @sarahcwiek.
 JEREMY HOBSON, HOST:  And as we talk about Detroit, it's worth noting that the city's population is much lower than it used to be, about 700,000 now. It was more than twice that much in the 1950s. People are still leaving the city overall, but the rate is slowing as some people decide to move in. From the  HERE AND NOW contributor's network, Michigan Radio's Sarah Cwiek has a story of two households moving in opposite directions. SARAH CWIEK, BYLINE: At Jen Janke's house, conversations can get a little sidetracked. JEN JANKE: Oh, Ethan, let's not throw it in the water. CWIEK: And this is why... JANKE: And we have four kids. Ethan is 10, and Gabriel is seven, and Mara is four, and Caleb is two. CWIEK: Those kids are a big reason Janke and her husband just moved their family to North Rosedale Park, a lovely Detroit neighborhood of tree-lined streets and historic homes. The Jankes own one of those homes now. It's a spacious, sunny five bedrooms, the sort of house that's grand enough to have once housed servants but still manageable for a young family. A year ago, it was in foreclosure. JANKE: And it was falling apart, the ceiling was caving in at places, and we were like: I think we want this house. (LAUGHTER) JANKE: You know, it was kind of crazy. CWIEK: A community development group acquired the house and rehabbed it. In the meantime, the Jankes were looking to move out of their much smaller home in Westland, a suburb about a dozen miles west of Detroit. They felt drawn to the city. They loved the idea of raising their kids in a big old house with tons of character and quickly fell in love with the tight-knit neighborhood. But Jen Janke says they had some serious doubts. They didn't want to put their kids in Detroit public schools. And crime and blight can haunt even Detroit's nicest neighborhoods. JANKE: It was definitely a struggle. I mean Fred and I had a lot of late night conversations in the process. Even after we saw this house and we really liked it, we were like, well, what will it really look like for our family to live in Detroit. CWIEK: But Janke says the dots just kept connecting. As a former teacher, she could home-school the kids. The whole thing just felt right. When they decided to make the move, Janke says there were no middle-of-the-road reactions. Some people were really excited for them. Others just kept asking why. Like you have to have some kind of compelling you're going to be on a mission to save the city type reason And we were like no, we like, we really felt, like, led to live here, and we really love the neighborhood, and we really wanted a community, and we have a cool house. A lot of things added up to nudge the Jankes into Detroit. For Monica Jackson, just enough things are adding up to nudge her out. MONICA JACKSON: You know, I love my house. Even though I've only been here less than three years, I love it. It has me, my personality is all through it. CWIEK: Jackson, who works for the county government, lives in a more modest neighborhood on Detroit's far west side. She grew up right next door, where her mom still lives. Jackson owns her home outright; an old neighbor left it to her. And Jackson says that's the only reason she can afford to live here, because she pays so much in taxes and insurance. Homeowner's insurance, in particular, just seems to keep going up. JACKSON: And I've never made a claim on the house. My credit is good. I have a great credit score. So I don't understand why I'm being penalized. It's like I'm being penalized for living in Detroit. CWIEK: Jackson says the neighborhood has deteriorated over the years, but that's not what's really pushing her out.  She says it just doesn't make sense to pay a premium to live here, especially when she already does much of her shopping, eating and socializing in the suburbs. JACKSON: You know, I don't go to the gas stations in Detroit. I don't go to the party stores in Detroit, because you have people hanging around, you have people, you know, asking can I pump your gas or begging for money or whatever.  And as a woman, I'm leery of that because I've been carjacked before. CWIEK: So that leaves Jackson in a tight predicament. She doesn't want to leave her house, but she feels like she has to. She knows selling it could take a long time, and she's working with a realtor right now. But Jackson would never consider just walking away from her house. JACKSON: I don't want to add blight to the ci

Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: Duke Bourbon Raises Challenge From University

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The estate of actor John Wayne, who was known as the Duke, wants to sell a brand of bourbon with his likeness. Duke University says the bourbon would tarnish the Duke name.

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Bach's Goldberg Variations

Violinist Dmitry Sitkovetsky created a version of Bach's Goldberg Variations for solo violin and strings. We feature the theme, and Variation No. 17. This music by Bach opens a whole hour of music in the theme and variations form.

Penderecki says that what interests him most these days is writing chamber music. The Penderecki String Quartet plays a brief piece he wrote in 1988 called "The Broken Thought." (United 88014 CD)


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Question: The Collapse of Communism

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In the second part of a series on the 10th anniversary of the collapse of Soviet-style Communism in Eastern Europe, NPR's Edward Lifson reports on the situation in Poland. Many historians consider the rise of the Solidarity Free Trade Union in 1980 as the beginning of the end of the Soviet Bloc.

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Stories: 1) Venturing Inside Bellevue's Psychiatric ER 2) Capitalism's Paradoxes, Writ Personal On Film


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Question: Adam Hochberg Reports On A Dispute Between North Carolina And Ohio

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over the legacy of the Wright brothers. North Carolina has traditionally put "First in Flight" on its license plates, but now Ohio is changing its license plates to "Birthplace of Aviation," arguing that the brothers lived most of their lives there.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: Campaign Finance Reform

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NPR's Mary Ann Akers reports from Chicago where Senators John McCain and Russ Feingold are trying to drum up public support for reforming campaign finance legislation. The pair are on a cross-country mission of town-hall-style meetings to promote a bill they've co-sponsored, which would put an end to "soft money" contributions.

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: Looking for a Deal at the Miami Boat Show

Sailing vessels from the tiniest dinghy to the biggest mega-yacht were on display at the recent Miami Boat Show. But is there a pleasure craft suitable for a lowly journalist? Can you say kayak?

Minimum Wage, Good News / Bad News, Real Bears vs. Real Colts, Space Diaries, Last Chance for Oysters, Life of a Dealer


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Question: How's The Economy Doing?

Wall Street saw a bit of a rally in bank stocks this week, but then a dismal report on the housing market sent stock prices down again. How is the economy doing? David Wessel, economics editor of The Wall Street Journal, offers his insights in a conversation with Deborah Amos. DEBORAH AMOS, host:  Wall Street had some good days this week, especially bank stocks. But by week's end a dismal report on the home market sent stock prices down again. To find out how banks are doing and how the overall economy is faring, we called David Wessel. He's economics editor of The Wall Street Journal.  Good morning.  Mr. DAVID WESSEL (Wall Street Journal): Good morning.  AMOS: Let's start with banks, the companies that are the backbone of the financial system. What are the measures to say that they're looking healthier?  Mr. WESSEL: Well, the banks have been reporting that they made a lot of loans that aren't worth the money they lent and taking write-offs. So I think the two most important measures are: can they raise capital; are people investing money in banks? And secondly, are they expanding their lending so the rest of the economy can keep going?  AMOS: And are they doing those things?  Mr. WESSEL: Well, some banks have raised a lot of capital, and some of the stronger banks are lending at a pretty good clip. But a lot of the banks are not. And we don't really know whether more of the banks will tell us that they have problems that they haven't disclosed and will things get worse or is the worst behind us.  AMOS: Are we focusing too much on the sectors that are in trouble? Is there a larger picture that we should be looking at?  Mr. WESSEL: Well, there's always a glass half-full, half-empty problem when you look at the economy. But one of the striking things at the moment is that we are told that we've had the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression, yet the government's going to report next week - almost certainly - that the economy kept growing through the second quarter.   So I think there is some strength in the economy. Exports have been very strong. Business financing outside of the auto industry and outside of the financial sector is in pretty good shape. And consumers say they're really bummed out. Consumer confidence surveys are very depressing numbers. But except for cars and boats and other really big ticket items, consumer spending has held up reasonably well so far.  AMOS: Well, one thing that's making people happy is that oil prices are going down. And we've been reporting on that all week. But is that a trend?  Mr. WESSEL: We sure hope so. Because what happened here is that house prices fell, so people were really stretched. The government passed a stimulus bill that gave people a little bit of money. And then the oil producers took it all away. And so families are definitely being squeezed. They're not getting wage increases. There's more unemployment. And then a lot of the money that people do have is going to food and energy prices. So a major concern of people who worry about the economy is: will this oil price decline that we've seen in the last couple of days continue? Because if it doesn't, that's really bad news.  AMOS: And is it connected to the bigger economic picture?  Mr. WESSEL: Yes. If the global economy slows down, demand for oil should come down, and with it should come down the price of oil. So that's what the optimists have been hoping will happen. Just until recently it didn't look like it was happening.  AMOS: Let's talk about the really big news this week, and that is the mortgage rescue bill. Does this change the economic landscape in the country?  Mr. WESSEL: It doesn't change the economic landscape. It applies a couple more band-aids to the problem, helping some people who have mortgages that are worth more than their values of the house get out of them, providing some money to state and local governments to buy foreclosed houses. And it prevents the collapse of these big mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.  AMOS: But that's short term.  Mr. WESSEL: That's short term.  AMOS: So there's still some long term things that we really don't know?  Mr. WESSEL: Sure. Housing prices are still coming down. If housing prices go down another 10 or 20 percent, well, Freddie and Fannie are fully invested in mortgages and they're going to have a hard time.  AMOS: Thank you very much.  Mr. WESSEL: You're welcome.  AMOS: That's David Wessel. He's the economics editor of the Wall Street Journal.

Stories: 1) Blackwater: Private Army In The News Again 2) What's The Word? How English Evolved This Decade


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Who's Carl This Time?

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The Democrats' new Messiah; The GOP puts substance over style; Carl remembers a rock legend.

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E.g. ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Most Americans earn the right to vote at 18. But Jack Vaile, who has cerebral palsy, was stripped of his right to vote at 18, when his father, Lou, became his guardian and conservator under California state law. Lou and Jack were unaware that California is one of at least ten states where people with intellectual and developmental disabilities who are under conservatorship or guardianship are not allowed to vote. Thousands of people in those states automatically lose the right to vote every year. Proponents of those laws say they prevent voter fraud and manipulation. But\xa0disability advocates say many of those disenfranchised, like Jack, are capable of understanding the election and deserve a say in its outcome. Jack uses an augmentative communication device to speak. He told us he felt “frustrated, hurt [and] angry” when he learned his voting rights had been taken away.\xa0Lou and Jack went to court in California in 2016 to have Jack’s voting rights reinstated. Jack said he felt “relieved [and] proud” to win his voting rights back. And he’s been following this year’s presidential election closely. He told us the health care for all and racism are the issues that are informing his choice. He also told us why it is important to him to vote.  “Choosing someone to represent me. Expressing my opinion. Using my voice. Being a part of things.”  This conversation is part of our\xa0“Blocked From The Ballot” series. We’re spotlighting different groups of people living in America (or in American territories) who are not allowed to vote in the upcoming presidential election.'] == ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Blocked From The Ballot: Meet Jack Vaile, Who Has Cerebral Palsy']

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Calif. Pot Movement Adopts Glossier Approach

As California voters consider a ballot measure this fall to legalize pot sales for anyone older than 21, the marijuana movement is taking on a glossier, some say more corporate, sheen. Marijuana is increasingly being marketed with claims of better highs and shorter lows. One dispensary even sells a variety it promises won't get you stoned.  Dozens of customers line up to look at the marijuana neatly displayed behind a glass counter at the Harborside Health Center, a pot dispensary in Oakland, Calif. There are several cannabis varietals to choose from. Although it's difficult to tell the difference between Blue Dreams, Super Diesel and Original Purple, what is clear is that this isn't your grandma's marijuana. No Longer Word Of Mouth Weed aficionados say the pot bred in 2010 is far more powerful than the skunk weed baby boomers might remember from their college dorms. Still, marijuana users, like wine connoisseurs, contend that different strains of cannabis -– however strong -– have their own unique taste, aroma and euphoric experience. Steve DeAngelo, executive director of Harborside, reads from the CannaBible, a gorgeous book with luscious, arty photos of cannabis varietals. The descriptions read like something out of a Robert Parker wine review. One talks of a varietal that is "lush and spicy ... reminiscent of Cali mist yet fatter and more body. The high is up and giggly and long lived as well. I was baked for four hours after smoking some." Until recently, cannabis reviews have largely been based on folk wisdom -– people over the centuries getting stoned and comparing notes. But now these products -– and promises of marathon highs and cure-alls -– are showing up in advertisements in glossy magazines and in promotional booths at trade shows. Fears Of Corporate Involvement Marijuana advocates say the more aggressive effort to brand and market cannabis strains is a sign their movement is gaining legitimacy. But, they say, if California becomes the first state to legalize and tax pot, the day is not far off when multinational companies and their Madison Avenue advertisers will compete for market share. "I see a lot of people positioning themselves to be the next Seagram's," says Frank Lucido, a family physician in Berkeley and a vocal advocate in the medical community for cannabis. "Just as before Prohibition fell, a lot of people selling alcohol illegally were trying to get the market share that they either already had or would get." Indeed, those in the industry say marketers will see an opportunity in segmenting pot consumers: lower-grade, industrial-produced cannabis, a Budweiser if you will, for some; and a more artisanal, boutique-y brand for the locavores and foodies. Not everyone is happy with the newfound attention.  Harborside's DeAngelo says efforts to brand and market cannabis products defile the movement's reputation. "It would not be a good idea for us to put cannabis in the hands of companies that are going to spend 20 times as much money creating a market on promoting the product as they do on actually producing that product," he says. DeAngelo prefers allowing only nonprofit organizations, like Harborside, to sell cannabis. That said, he is well aware of the power of old-time marketing tactics. His advertisements recently began featuring something like a Good Housekeeping seal for medical marijuana.  Quality Of Pot There are no state consumer protections for those who shop at marijuana dispensaries, and even the same strain of cannabis varies from batch to batch. So the dispensary recently began sending samples of its inventory to Steep Hill, a chemistry lab down the street in Oakland that was founded by two former pot growers. The lab's president, Dave Lampach, says Steep Hill tests marijuana from all over California for potency, mold and even pesticides. "It's important to know what's in the products you're consuming," Lampach says. But the testing has led to other euphoric revelations. THC -– the main psychoactive substance in pot -– has always been the golden ring for breeders. The lab recently found that a potentially beneficial compound called CBD has almost been bred out of the marijuana sold in California. Marijuana researchers say CBD may relieve pain and stimulate appetite but leaves the user largely un-buzzed. Pot advocates hope this "diet pot" also has another side-effect -– helping to calm critics heading into a tough legalization campaign this fall.  STEVE INSKEEP, Host:  Now that marijuana is in the open in some places, so is marijuana marketing. Dispensaries across California sell medical marijuana. Pot sellers promote their product as providing better highs and shorter lows. One dispensary even sells a variety that it promises will not get you stoned. The advertising is the latest focus in our series, The New Marijuana. Sarah Varney reports from member station KQED. SARAH VARNEY: The doors have just opened for the day at Harborside Health Center, a pot dispensary in Oakland

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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The Bush Administration's Brown Bag Lunch/Mini-Summit; Republican presidential candidates meet the people of the Internet; An awkward reunion in Washington.


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Question: White Men, A Key GOP Demographic, Discuss The Romney Appeal

For all the attention paid to women in this race, there's another gender gap — with white men. The Republican ticket of Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan campaigned in northeastern Florida on Friday, where thousands of men had descended on Daytona Beach for the annual motorcycle festival Biketoberfest. A bunch of them were at Willie's Tropical Tattoo smoking cigarettes, drinking beer and listening to music. Gary Biser goes by the name "Moose." Stickers on his bike helmet say, "Life's too short to ride with ugly women," "No bar too far," and other things that can't be printed. He says he is resigned to voting for Mitt Romney. "I don't have anybody else to choose for, but he's gonna be my man," Biser says. Biser works in the coal mines of rural Maryland. He says these past four years have been a disaster. "Well, they've dropped our wages down, they've dropped our medical, everything else. Price of gas and everything's up. Shouldn't be that way," Biser says. In this crowd, which is largely white men, there's a lot of enthusiasm for Republican ideas. People are less excited about the Republican nominee. "I wish the Republican Party would quit finding multibillionaires to run just so they could get their message across," says Jerry Willard, who recently retired here in Florida. Whatever his feelings about Romney, Willard says he hates that Democrats are trying to cut more deeply into wealthy people's incomes. "Have you ever been hired by somebody that was broke? Have you ever been hired by somebody that was poor? Have you ever been hired by someone that was on welfare or food stamps?" he asks. "I don't think I ever have. I don't think I'm ever gonna get there. So the question is: Who the heck hires us? People with money." There's no question who's going to win the votes in this crowd. In the last election, Barack Obama carried only 41 percent of white men, according to exit polls. And that was a high water mark for Democrats. John Kerry got 37 percent of the white male vote; Al Gore took only 36 percent. So the important question is how big a margin among white men Romney will get this year. There's a lot of pressure to do better than Republicans have done before, since minority groups are booming. "We do spend a lot of time in Florida talking about the growing Hispanic population and the growing black population of voters, but as a practical matter, there still are more white voters in Florida than there are other groups," says Aubrey Jewett, a political scientist at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. Neither presidential candidate is a natural fit with this crowd, but they try. Obama welcomed NASCAR drivers to the White House back in April. "These are some outstanding men. And it's true about the whole NASCAR organization," Obama said. Romney made two rained-out attempts to see a race. Eventually he campaigned at the NASCAR Technical Institute in North Carolina. "I only dreamed of cars like that. To have my name on a car like that is just too much," Romney said. Perhaps it's no coincidence then that both men at the bottom of the ticket, Joe Biden and Paul Ryan, specialize in relating to working-class guys. Even at Biketoberfest, this group is not a monolith. In the sea of sleeveless black T-shirts, tattoos and bandanas, one Obama supporter popped his head up. "I like when they went after him for his birth certificate while he was going after bin Laden," says Ormond Beach, Fla., resident Bobby Sayward. "It's like this guy went right behind everybody's back and he got the job done. Why people don't vote for him is going to be an amazing thing to me." In this sea of white men, the Obama voter is a true minority. MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:  From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Melissa Block. ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:  I'm Robert Siegel and we begin this hour in the gender gap, but we're not talking about President Obama's lead among women. We're talking about Mitt Romney's lead among white men. Romney and his running mate, Paul Ryan, are campaigning in northeastern Florida today, where thousands of white men have descended on Daytona Beach for a motorcycle festival. As NPR's Ari Shapiro reports, Mitt Romney may have the support of many of these men, but he still doesn't have their passion. ARI SHAPIRO, BYLINE: Thousands of motorcycle buffs from around the country have come to Daytona Beach, Florida, for the annual Biketoberfest. A bunch of them are here at Willie's Tropical Tattoo, smoking cigarettes, drinking beer and listening to music. Gary Biser goes by the name Moose. Stickers on his bike helmet say, Life's too short to ride with ugly women, No bar too far and other things that cannot be said on the radio. SHAPIRO: He's resigned to voting for Mitt Romney. GARY BISER: I don't have anybody else to choose for, but he's gonna be my man. SHAPIRO: Biser works in the coal mines of rural Maryland. He says these last four years have been a disaster. BISER: Well, they've dropped our wages down, they've dropped our

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Question: Acceptance Grows, Slowly But Steadily, For Gay Evangelicals

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In rural Kentucky, the call to be a preacher can come at an early age. Nick Wilson was born with it. "We were always in church," he says. "Sunday morning, Sunday night, Wednesday night, Bible school, revivals. That's what life was." His father, a grandfather and two great-grandfathers were Southern Baptist preachers. So is his brother. His sister married a preacher, and Wilson intended to follow the line. After college, he attended the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville, Ky., a training ground for Baptist preachers since 1859. But his ministry plans soon ended, because no congregation was interested in ordaining him. They all wanted a family man, and Wilson didn't measure up. "First off, I'm single. That's a problem," he says. "They really want you to be married. But then if you throw in gay, it's over with." Wilson says he knew from the time he was six or seven that he was "different." In time, he became open about his sexuality, even taking his boyfriend to church. But in the Southern Baptist world, homosexuality is morally unacceptable, so he was disqualified from the ministry. "The scriptural view is what's ultimate," says Albert Mohler, president of the Southern Baptist Seminary and an intellectual leader in the evangelical world. "The Apostle Paul very explicitly in 1 Corinthians says that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God." [There's more from Mohler and the culture war being fought among Evangelical Christians in Tom Gjelten's Morning Edition story.] At one time Mohler advocated "reparative therapy" for LGBT individuals to help them change their sexual orientation. He now thinks same-sex attraction may be involuntary. Still, he says, those who feel it should not act on it, no matter whether they are in a committed same-sex relationship. Southern Baptist doctrine emphatically rejects gay marriage. "If you can change the way a society or civilization defines itself at the most molecular level — at marriage and family — and if you can redefine sexual mores pervasively," Mohler argues, "you will have changed the society utterly." Not surprisingly, as an evangelical, Wilson has long struggled with being gay. "It didn't take long to realize that that was not approved of, because I heard my father preach about it," he says. "I have been to the point of suicide over trying to not be gay, because I felt early on called to the ministry. But then 'gay Christian,' in the world I grew up in, that didn't go together. You had to be one or the other, and God didn't take it away — the calling or the gay." Attitudes toward homosexuality and same-sex marriage have become much more supportive in the United States over recent years. Evangelicals generally still consider homosexual behavior immoral, but by ever smaller margins. In 2007, just 23 percent of Southern Baptists said homosexuality should be accepted by society, according to the Pew Research Center. By 2014, that figure had risen to 30 percent. Attitudes toward same-sex marriage have shifted just as dramatically. In a 2001 Pew survey, just 13 percent of white evangelical Protestants (the most conservative religious group on social issues) said they favored same-sex marriage. By 2015, that number had almost doubled, to 24 percent, and it was becoming easier for LGBT individuals to find a church home. For Wilson, it was Ridgewood Baptist, a small church in a working-class neighborhood of southwest Louisville. The church is part of the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship, a group of churches that broke from the Southern Baptist Convention about 25 years ago over the question of whether women should be ordained. The church's more welcoming attitude toward LGBT individuals, however, is a relatively new phenomenon. Pastor Matt Johnson, 36, was himself raised and schooled in the Southern Baptist tradition. As he prepared for the ministry, he says his views were clear cut and typical of his time and place: "Homosexuality is wrong. And that's very clear in the Bible. So that's kind of the end of the discussion." While studying at the School of Divinity at Wake Forest University, however, Johnson met some gay Christians and found his views softening. "People who were there because they want to be ministers and whose faith was very challenging to me and who were just deeply committed Christians and deeply committed to their faith and who also were gay," Johnson says. A careful study of the Old and New Testament convinced him that the scriptural references to homosexuality were not as clear as he originally thought, but it was his encounter with gay ministry students that mattered more. "I see the Holy Spirit working in these people's lives," he says. "Who am I to say that they are not Christians or that they are somehow lost or wrong? I don't feel like my faith is nearly as strong as theirs. I'm challenged and humbled by them." LGBT rights were not a big issue at Ridgewood when Johnson arrived at the church, but it already had a reput

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Question: Revolutionary Impulses, Repression in Myanmar

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Foreign journalists are banned from reporting in Myanmar. But it is possible to enter the country as a tourist to observe a nation under the thumb of military rule. The generals who run Myanmar maintain tight control of the population through fear and intimidation. President Bush has imposed new U.S. sanctions on the military rulers of Myanmar, also known as Burma, in an effort to stop their violent repression of anti-government demonstrators, led by Buddhist monks.  Here's some background on the country and its politics: Which is it, Burma or Myanmar? The country was known as Burma when it was a British colony, and became the Union of Burma when it achieved independence in 1948. In 1989, the military junta adopted the name Myanmar, which stems from one of the country's literary names in the Burmese language. The move was part of an effort to eradicate traces of colonialism, and it also involved changing the name of the principal city from Rangoon to Yangon.  Opponents of the military regime still refer to the country as Burma, to show that they don't recognize the military's authority to change the name. The United Nations recognizes the name Myanmar, but the United States and Britain do not. That's why President Bush consistently refers to Burma in his speeches. How did the military come to power? When the country became independent, it did so with a British-style parliamentary system under Prime Minister U Nu. Although Burma was in relatively good economic shape, U Nu was derided as a dreamer and an ineffectual leader. General Ne Win seized power in 1962 and ruled for nearly 26 years. Like Saddam Hussein in Iraq, Win called his regime "socialist," but used his control of the economy to benefit his friends and allies. That model is still in place under the current ruler, Senior General Than Shwe. Why don't we hear more about these generals? "Because they don't want you to know," says Marvin C. Ott, professor of National Security Policy at the National War College. Ott, a former CIA official, calls the junta members "basically primitives, relatively uneducated men who are out of touch with the urban, cosmopolitan parts of the country." As an example, he tells the story of the former strong man, General Ne Win, who consulted an astrologer on a daily basis. In 1987, he ordered the country's currency, the kyat, to be re-issued in denominations of 15, 30, 45 and 90, reportedly because an astrologer told him he would live to be 90 if he did so. The move caused chaos in Myanmar's financial system. Ott says the generals "have utterly mismanaged the economy. In the 1950s, Burma was considered to be one of the developing countries that were in the best position to succeed. Now it's one of the poorest countries in the world." With a record like that, how has the military remained in power? Myanmar's army is huge — about 400,000 members — relative to its population of nearly 49 million. That's partly because the government has been fighting ethnic rebels, mostly in the hill country of the north. Much of that fighting has subsided in recent years, as the government signed peace deals with some of the main tribes — deals that, according to Professor Ott, allowed some of them to keep up their activities in the opium trade.  Just as important, though, Ott says, is that the junta has received strong backing from China. The Chinese have provided Myanmar with military and economic aid and political cover in the United Nations, when other countries were condemning the junta for its repression of dissidents, including Nobel Peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi. Even though President Bush has announced new economic sanctions on Myanmar's rulers, Ott says that the generals have little to lose as long as China backs them up. But Ott does have one caution for the junta. He says China is concerned that the junta has mis-managed its affairs so badly as to provoke widespread opposition. If some parts of Myanmar's military refused to go along with the repression, the generals could be ousted and China would probably support whomever seemed likeliest to come out on top, even opposition leader Suu Kyi.

Stories: 1) 'Wondrous Life' Explores Multinationality 2) March on the Pentagon, 40 Years Later 3) 'Chicha' Music Expands out of Peru


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Question: Retired Stars Find Assisted Living At The Lillian Booth Home

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The Lillian Booth Home in Englewood, N.J., is run by the Actors Fund as both a nursing facility and assisted living. Like the residents, many of the staff come from the entertainment industry.

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Stories: 1) Going 'One On One' With Sports' Greatest Stars 2) At Midseason, Serial Dramas Serve Up Big Twists


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Question: South African journalists Howard Barrell and Mondli Makhanya

South African journalists Mondli Makhanya talk about race and racism in their country in light of the upcoming U.N. conference on World Racism, which will be held in South Africa. Barrell is editor of Johannesburg Daily Mail & Guardian. Until his appointment as editor last year he was political editor of the M&G. Mondli Makhanya is the Political Editor of the Sunday Times.

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A sound montage of a few prominent voices in this past week's news, including Secretary of Defense William Cohen; Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien and President Bill Clinton on the APEC conference; a lawyer at the "Truth and Reconciliation hearings" in Johannesburg and witness Bolica Falati; Kurt Barnard of Barnard's Retail Trend Report and sales associates Rosemary Caminiti and Dwight Dorsey.


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Question: Coastal Areas Clean Up After Storm

Communities all along the Northwest coast are in clean-up mode after a pair of devastating wind and rain storms struck this week. The majority of flood warnings have been lifted in Northwest Oregon and Western Washington, but there are still some trouble spots.  Governors of both states plan to request Federal help to fix the widespread damage. Correspondent Chris Lehman has this report:

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Monday, February 25th, 2019

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We take a look at the latest on the situation in Venezuela as Vice President Pence is in Colombia to meet with Latin American leaders. Pope Francis calls for an "all-out battle" against clergy sex abuse. Also, Green Book wins the Oscar for best picture. What else happened at the host-less awards show?

A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: BP Says 'Top Kill' Method Requires Patience

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BP says it could taken another day or two before engineers know whether their "top kill" approach to stopping the gusher in the Gulf has worked. NPR's Richard Harris talks with Michele Norris about the latest fix attempt.

Good morning, here are some of the stories we're looking at this morning: Space Shuttle Discovery Is On Its Last Flight. Mass Killer In Norway Declares 'I Would Have Done It Again'. Did Obama's Policies Help, Or Hinder, The Economy? GSA Inspector General Is Investigating Possible Bribes, Kickbacks. (Washington Post) African Union Says Suspends Guinea Bissau After Coup. (Reuters) UN Chief: Observers Say Syrian Ceasefire Generally Observed. (Dow Jones) Wikileaks Founder Julian Assange Interviews Hezbollah Leader In TV Premiere. (AP) Google Fined $25,000 For 'Willfully' Stonewalling FCC. (WTSP-TV) Welding-Caused Fire At Idaho National Laboratory Prompts Evacuations. (AP) Bruins Goalie Tim Thomas Greeted By Obama Masks. (USA Today)


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Question: Week In Review With Daniel Schorr

This week, the president continued his public appeal for health care reform Afghanistan held a historic election amid continuing violence, and yet another media giant died. Host Scott Simon reviews the week in the news with NPR Senior News Analyst Daniel Schorr.

Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: Houston Police Rescue 26 From Alleged Human Smuggling Operation

Houston police said they rescued 26 people from a human smuggling operation Thursday after discovering them in a home located less than a five minute's walk from an elementary school.  Police said they were alerted to the scene after they received a report of a man running down a street yelling that he had been kidnapped.  When officers arrived, the man said nearly 30 others were being held hostage in a nearby house.  Police entered the boarded-up home and found 25 men and one woman. When questioned, many said they were being held against their will and had been there for up to a week.  It's unclear if any had injuries at the time of their discovery. Investigators told Houston's ABC13 that the victims were first picked up in Brownsville, Texas, a city along the border with Mexico and more than 300 miles south of Houston. The men and the woman originated from Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, and Cuba, police said.  They were taken to the nearby school for shelter, where neighbors provided clothes.  Representatives from the Houston Police Department, the Department of Homeland Security, and the local FBI branch did not immediately respond to NPR's request for comment.

Good morning - here are some of the leading headlines we're following today: 'Picture Perfect Launch' For Private Rocket Headed To Space Station. Deal Reached On Probe Of Iran's Nuclear Program, IAEA Chief Says. Memorial Walk, Moment Of Silence Planned For Joplin On First Anniversary Of Devastating Tornado. (Joplin Globe) Jurors In John Edwards Corruption Trial Begin Third Day Of Deliberations. (Reuters) Images Show North Korea Conducts Unknown Activity At Nuclear Test Site. (CNN) Myanmar Opposition Leader Aung San Suu Kyi Will Address U.N. Labor Conference Next Month In Switzerland. (AP) 2 Protesters Die In Lebanon At Funeral Of Murdered Anti-Syrian Cleric; 5 Killed In Syrian Bombing. (VOA) Four Perish Climbing Everest, One Missing While Dozens More Continue Toward Summit (ABC) Oklahoma City Defeats Los Angeles To Reach NBA Western Conference Finals; 8 Wounded In Oklahoma City Violence After Victory. (Oklahoman) Man Survives Suicide Attempt After Leaping Into Niagara Falls. (USA Today)


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

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San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


Question: Gladys Knight Sings Standards on 'Before Me'

Gladys Knight's latest CD is a collection of standards called Before Me. On the disc, Knight pays tribute to the women she looked up to as a young singer, performing her own versions of the songs they made famous. The influence of Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughan, Dinah Washington, Lena Horne and others can be heard on the recording. Knight studied their work before going into the studio, listening to hours of originals. Knight, a native of Atlanta, comes from a musical family. Her backup group the Pips included a brother and two cousins. In 1952, when she was just seven, Knight got her first big break, outsinging fellow contestants on the nationally televised Ted Mack Original Amateur Hour. She hit the road at an early age. Traveling, she encountered many of the great ladies of song backstage, and in the rooming houses where black performers were then forced to stay. Once awed and intimidated by her heroes, the mature Knight is now confident enough to join their ranks. ROBERT SIEGEL, Host:  This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED from NPR News. I'm Robert Siegel. MICHELE NORRIS, Host:  Long before Gladys Knight was singing about that midnight train or how she heard it through the grapevine, she was a little girl with a great big voice and an even bigger trophy. In 1952 when she was just 7 years old, Gladys Knight got her first big break when she outperformed all the other contestants on the nationally televised Ted Mack Original Amateur Hour. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "MIDNIGHT TRAIN TO GEORGIA") GLADYS KNIGHT: Yeah. It is the original talent show that everybody is doing now. NORRIS: Knight comes from a musical family. Remember The Pips? (SOUNDBITE OF THE PIPS) NORRIS: One was her brother. The other two were cousins. She started touring before her teens, and on the road, she encountered many of the great ladies of songs backstage or in rooming houses, the only accommodations for black performers. Gladys Knight always wanted to honor those women, and now she has. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "BUT NOT FOR ME") KNIGHT: (Singing) They're writings songs of love, but not for me. Our lucky star, that was, but not for me. NORRIS: Her latest CD is called Before Me, a collection of standards once performed by Ella, Nina, Lina and Dinah. Knight studied these women. She listened to hours of their original recordings. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG) DINAH WASHINGTON: (Singing) Do nothing, till you hear from me. Pay no attention to what said. NORRIS: That's Dinah Washington. Gladys Knight was still a kid when she first met her before a gig. She was odd and intimidated. KNIGHT: She scared me to death. She was scary. Oh, she was scary, she was scary, you know, she had this big booming voice. NORRIS: They did call her the Queen. KNIGHT: Yes. But I mean, you know, I think she had been a part of the entertainment industry for a while, and to me, we as women who are part of the industry, you lose a little bit of your feminine edge. Just like, you know, you can't be using the words that guys use, if you know what I mean. NORRIS: Okay. I think I get it. KNIGHT: Okay. Okay. So when I walked in the room, she was hanging out with the guys. And telling them off about something and she was loud doing it. And I said oh, my goodness. NORRIS: What did you learn from her? KNIGHT: Oh. You know what Dinah was? Power. Oh my goodness, she was power. Where Ella may be finesse and technique and all of that kind of stuff. And then Lina was sexy and feminine, and Nina, you know, was just bold. Everyone had their own persona, and Dinah was definitely power. And I love that about her. NORRIS: What is the difference for you between singing soul, where you actually want people to, to hear the red clay in your background, and singing jazz, where I imagine the phrasing is entirely different? And while we talk about this, I wonder if we can actually listen to one of the tracks. You choose. You tell us which one and you can talk about the differences. KNIGHT: Oh. I love them all. So just put the needle down and go for it. NORRIS: Well, lets put it on random play. Let's see what comes up. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG) KNIGHT: Okay. NORRIS: And this is a Duke Ellington song. KNIGHT: Yeah. NORRIS: That's steeped in cool. KNIGHT: Yes. You know, so it's so laid back. There are notes that you call your power notes. I didn't feel like I had to go for the power notes all the time. You know, I could lay back. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG) KNIGHT: (Singing) Some kids make cloud my memory (unintelligible). But please do nothing till you hear it from me. And you never, never will. NORRIS: Not the one person to whom you pay tribute on this CD that you never met was Billie Holiday. And you've said that your rendering of God Bless the Child is a special tribute on the CD. Is that why, because you actually never met her? KNIGHT: Yeah. She was one of those artists that when she was singing, you feel her pain. You know her story. But if she was not the artist that she is, was and became, you wouldn't feel that. That's what musi

Stories: 1) Bill Flanagan, Fondly Biting the TV-Network Hand 2) Devouring TV's Hits, Whole Seasons at a Time 3) Teddy Thompson, Talking Up 'Down Low'


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Question: Republican National Convention Kicks Off, Renominates Trump And Pence

Republicans officially renominated President Trump and Vice President Pence for another four years on the first day of the Republican National Convention.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Bible As Official State Book? Tennessee's Governor Vetoes Bill. -- Obama Administration Issues New Rules For Offshore Drilling. And here are more early headlines: House GOP Squabbles, Will Miss Deadline To Pass Budget. (Washington Post) Deadly Earthquake Strikes Southern Japan. (Japan Times) North Korea's Attempted Medium Range Rocket Launch Fails. (USA Today) Defense Secretary To Visit U.S. Warship In South China Sea. (Reuters) Top Brazilian Court Allows Presidential Impeachment Vote To Proceed. (BBC) California Appeals Court Rules In Favor Of Teacher Tenure. (KPCC) Manson Follower, Leslie Van Houten, Recommended For Parole. (Los Angeles Times) Former N.Y. Gov. Pataki Endorses Kasich Ahead Of State's Primary. (CNN) Service Projects Commemorate 3rd Boston Marathon Bombing Anniversary. (AP)


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Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: A Few Words For LeBron Before The NBA Finals

The Miami Heat and the Dallas Mavericks begin playing for professional basketball's title Tuesday night. It wasn't too long ago that Miami added superstar LeBron James to their impressive starting lineup. The expectations were the Heat needed to win — and fast. So far, they have.

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Stories: 1) Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'After The Earthquake' 2) From Bop To Baroque: The Modern Jazz Quartet 3) Heads Up, TV Fans: Great Shows Start This Week


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Question: Listener Limerick Challenge

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Criminals run from the Rumbler; I'm Just a Jealous Mutt; A Fish Named Ronaldo.

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Question: Tips to keep out the cold...and the mold

Midmorning's home repair expert joins Kerri Miller to talk about ways to keep your house warm, and keep those utility bills down. She'll also talk with an expert on indoor air quality and mold.

What's clicking on the blog, including the inside scoop on how to cash in on Airborne's $23 million settlement with duped customers. Got a story about your own experience with Airborne? Let us know here.


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Question: Barack Obama Makes a Run for History

NPR's Tavis Smiley talks to Illinois state Sen. Barack Obama about his run for a seat in the U.S. Senate. If Obama wins in November, he'll become one of just three African-American U.S. senators to serve on Capitol Hill in the past century.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Five Preludes? Pianist

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FIVE Preludes? Pianist Michael Boriskin (boh-RIS-kin), PT's new "Century View" commentator, joins Martin at NPR's Studio 4A Steinway to discuss and play the five Preludes for piano by George Gershwin, up until now commonly known and played as Three Preludes. Boriskin argues that Gershwin in fact planned to write a series of 24 piano preludes, similar to Chopin and Debussy, to be titled "The Melting Pot." (NPR)

Kondonassis plays the "Romantic Waltz," by Claude Debussy.


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Question: Belgium Likes Underground Beer. No, Literally

The De Halve Maan Brewery prides itself on its family origins, its classic recipe, and the history of its beer, crafted carefully since 1856. But there's change brewing (pun intended) on the horizon: In 2015, its owners hope to open a pipeline of beer beneath the city streets of Bruges. "We thought, 'It's a crazy idea to do this,' " Xavier Vanneste, managing director and a member of the fifth generation of the brewing family, tells The Salt. "But you start thinking about it, and you start investigating and talking to other engineers from other businesses," and suddenly, it's not such a crazy idea after all. The brewery has won principal approval from city authorities for the pipeline, but the technical challenges of breaking open the streets to place the plumbing still need to be worked out. The veritable duct of drinks will traverse the 2 miles from brewery to bottling plant in 15 minutes, carrying 600 to 700 cases' worth of beer per hour. The beer pipe will help De Halve Maan stay in its current location, the city center of Bruges, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. As the brewery grew, so too did the pressure of being located in Bruges, a quaint city not looking for the heavy traffic of an expanding brewery. "The economic solution would be just to move the brewery outside the historical plant," says Vanneste. The pipe, on the other hand, is "more a sustainability project," he says, adding, "It is part of our authenticity, to keep the brewery on its original premises. And we are ready to fight for this." With the pipeline in, both parties win. Bruges gets to keep its picturesque cobblestone streets, and the brewery stays in its historic location. The idea was bolstered by advances in pipelines for oil and gas, ensuring the beer that reaches the other end is just as good as what went in. The pipe will be made from a high-end plastic, says Vanneste. "We did many tests to be sure this would not affect the quality, not the taste, not the foam, not the color of the beer." They'll also have to clean the pipe after every batch to prevent contamination. De Halve Maan hopes once the debates with the local government are finished, the pipe will be installed in three to four months' time. "We think beer is a traditional and an emotional project," says Vanneste. "People care more and more about where it is brewed." So much, in fact, they'll undertake a pipe dream to keep it there.

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.\nOn Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]']" == "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan']"

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: Un-Friendly, We Are The 95 percent, and To Be Or Not To Be A Hoarder.


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Question: Agencies Look to Emergency Communications

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The Federal Communications Commission and other bodies are trying to plan for future disasters to avoid communications failures that caused such chaos after Hurricane Katrina.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Recipe: Nitro Pumpkin Seed Pie Horchata Foam

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• Blend 2 cups raw shelled pumpkin seeds (pepitos) and 4 cups water for 20 minutes or until the mixture has the consistency of the Mexican rice drink horchata. Strain and chill. • Boil 2 cups water, 1 ceylon cinnamon stick (crushed), 1 vanilla pod, 2 allspice seeds (crushed), 1/2 thumb of grated ginger and 1/4 nutmeg seed (grated) for 20 minutes to infuse flavors. Strain water, add 2 cups sugar and bring mixture to boil again to dissolve sugar. Chill. • Blend pepito seed "horchata" and syrup, adjusting flavoring as needed. Add 2 tsp soy lecithin or dried soy milk and disperse well. • Load a one-quart nitrous oxide dispenser (typically an Isi whipped-cream canister with siphon) halfway with the "horchata" and syrup mix. Charge with three nitrous oxide canisters ("android turds") and chill. • Over a liquid nitrogen bath, dispense some foam from the dispenser into a spoon. Drop the foam into the nitrogen bath and agitate with a spoon to make sure it doesn't stick to the bottom. Remove from the nitrogen bath when the foam is hard on the outside, and plate.

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When I woke up this morning and saw the headline Give  Chickpeas A Chance, I knew the time had come to salute one of my favorite NPR.org oddities: the food-pun headline. Now, some food headlines are simply great in their own rights, and I just enjoy saying them over and over and over again -- Demystifying The Quince! Cilantro: The Controversial Herb! -- but for some reason, there is an abundance of very excellent food puns, beyond "Give Chickpeas A Chance," and I decided it was time to share a roundup of some of my favorites. So give these headline writers a hand. And also a rowdy "BOOOOOOO!" Sparkling Wines To Keep Your Summer Bubbly Unicorn Gag 'Apology' Roasts Pork Board Uh-Oh: 15 Million Pounds Of SpaghettiOs Recalled Finally, New Yorkers Can Bee All They Can Bee World's Largest Banana Museum Forced To Split Climate Change Presents A Burr For Coffee Growers Octopalooza: Eight Arms Three Ways Brewery Business Hopping Despite Tanking Economy Competition Brews Over Decaf Beefer Madness Why the World Is Still Just Mad About Saffron Kernels of Truth About Cornmeal And my personal favorite ... drum roll ... Weed  It And Reap: A Meal With Nature's Outcasts


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Question: Team Can't Be Punished For What Marion Jones Did, Gets Olympic Medals Back

Seven former teammates of disgraced sprinter -- and current WNBA star -- Marion Jones can call themselves Olympic medalists again. In 2007, Jones admitted she used performance-enhancing drugs during the Sydney Olympic Games. As a result, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Executive Board "decided to disqualify Marion Jones from all track and field events in which she had competed at the Sydney Games, including the 4x100m and 4x400m relay races." Subsequently, the IOC Executive Board disqualified the entire women's relay teams. Today, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) upheld the appeal of Andrea Anderson, LaTasha Colander Clark, Jearl Miles-Clark, Torri Edwards, Chryste Gaines, Monique Hennagan and Passion Richardson against the International Olympic Committee. They'll get their medals back. Read More In a statement, the CAS said it "found that at the time of the Sydney Olympic Games there was no express IOC or IAAF Rule in force that clearly allowed the IOC to annul the relay team results if one team member was found to have committed a doping offence." You can read the award here, in its entirety.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Maine Things Considered 10/24/06

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Anthem rate hike request aired at public hearing; Husson College board gives go ahead to school of pharmacy; horse racing boosted by revenue from Bangor racino; and Whoopie Pie Lady on the road in Woolich.

Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)


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Question: Tech Guru Omar Wasow: Wearable Computing

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NPR's Tavis Smiley talks to tech guru Omar Wasow of Blackplanet.com about future fashions and the trend of wearable computing.

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Stories: 1) U.S. Military Searches For A Device To Stop IEDs 2) Matchmaker, Matchmaker ... Run Your Algorithm 3) Thelonious Monk: Making The Piano Hum


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Question: Economy, Accusations Cap Week In Politics

The campaigns of Barack Obama and John McCain are hurling negative adjectives at each other. David Brooks of The New York Times says they are not focusing enough on the big issue at hand: the economic crisis. E.J. Dionne of the Washington Post says the campaign has swung Obama's way because of the crisis, and he hopes it will bring a more serious discussion of how the government can help people.

Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Examples:

Given ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'The California Report Magazine'] it matches with ['Represent this!', "California: creative, bold, innovative. And vast. Home to almost 40 million people. But it's hard to meet your neighbors, much less get to know the whole state. So join host Sasha Khokha on a road trip for your ears, and your imagination. Visit the places and meet the people who make the Golden State unique, from a homeless college student in Oakland, to a cattle ranching mom in the Sierra foothills, a Vietnamese pop star in Orange County, and a gym owner who performs exorcisms near Ventura. Intimate stories, every week on The California Report Magazine."] but not with ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology']

Question: Maine's Great Chickadee Debate Simmers In State Legislature

There’s a big debate simmering in the Maine legislature, one certain to split state residents into opposing camps. A bill would require lawmakers to choose just what kind of chickadee is the official state bird. Maine Public Radio’s Steve Mistler (@stevemistler) reports. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: 2009 Record Year For Foreclosures

RealtyTrac, which follows foreclosures, has announced that last year a record 2.8 million properties received a foreclosure notice. The company says that record could be broken this year. It is predicting that more than three million properties could enter some stage of foreclosure in 2010.

Good morning, here is our early story: -- Syrians Head To Polls In An Election Expected To Go To Assad. And here are more early headlines: Obama Backing $1 Billion Fund To Boost U.S. Troops In Europe. (BBC) China Limits Google Ahead Of Tiananmen Anniversary. (Wall Street Journal) Ban On Protests For Missing Schoolgirls Declared In Nigeria. (CNN) Special U.S. Centers House Undocumented Children. (Los Angeles Times) I-495 Delaware Bridge Closed After 4 Tilting Pillars Discovered. (News-Journal) 11 Injured In Two Chicago Shootings, Including Two Teens. (Chicago Tribune) Worker "Sickout" Slows San Francisco Cable Car Service. (SF Gate) Hall Of Famer Dan Marino Sues NFL Over Concussions. (SI.com) Lost $50 Million Lotto Ticket Returned To Canadian Couple. (Prince George Citizen)


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Question: A Honolulu Sister Duo, a Teenage Harpist & a World Premiere

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On this week's From the Top, we meet young musicians from Boston to Hawaii. A young composer hears the world premiere of her piece, a young cellist is granted the opportunity to buy his dream cello, a sister duo from Honolulu performs Sarasate, a young harpist collaborates with host/pianist Peter Dugan, and a teenage French horn player brings sensitivity and control to his performance of one of Strauss' gorgeous Nocturnes.  First up on the program, we travel virtually to Honolulu, Hawaii to meet violinist sisters Ylang, 15, and Yxing Guo, 13, with pianist Thomas Yee. They perform Navarra, Op. 33 by Pablo de Sarasate and talk about their large and musical family of 11, their Italian and Chinese heritage, and their beautiful Island life.  Plamen Fung, 15, aFrench horn player from Westborough, MA, hails from an accomplished musical family. Following his sensitive performance of Nocturno, Op. 7 by Franz Strauss, Plamen opens up about his struggles with dyslexia and how he approaches the challenges in reading, writing, and learning music.   Harpist Shaylen Joos, 16, from Somersworth, NH is a recipient of From the Top's Jack Kent Cooke Young Artist Award. She performs Welsh Duets No. 1, Mvmt 1 for Harp and Piano with pianist Peter Dugan. She reveals her love of Victorian literature and her love for music competitions as a way of motivating herself to set goals and work harder.   After the break, cellist Daniel Dorsey, 17, from Cincinnati, OH gives an intimate and vulnerable performance of Song of the Black Swan by Heitor Villa-Lobos with pianist Jacob Miller. As a recipient of From the Top's Jack Kent Cooke Young Artist, Daniel has been granted the funds to purchase his dream cello, a cello he once borrowed for a memorable performance for young children. Composer Carolina Bragg, 18, from Brookline, MA, presents the world premiere of her original composition Bird of Paradise, recorded by commissioning ensemble, Friction Quartet. Inspired by a nature documentary, the piece incorporates bird calls from several species of the Bird of Paradise. Carolina describes the exciting experience of being commissioned to write the piece.

Stories: 1) Saxophone Stylings, With A South-Asian Flair 2) Green Goes Blue With 'Grant's First Stand' 3) 'Her Peers': A Gutsy Anthology Of Women Writers


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Question: Roundtable: AIG Scandal Sparks Blame Game

The AIG bonus controversy is shaping up to be the first big firestorm for the Obama administration, as the president vows to "fix the system and culture that made this possible."  Plus, the hype surrounding the death of the newspaper industry is quickly becoming reality.  On the final reporters' roundtable, Tony Cox speaks with Jerome Vaughn — news program director for WDET in Detroit, Mich. — and Marcus Mabry, international business editor for the New York Times. TONY COX, host:   Now, though, we're going to continue this discussion of the week's headlines with two of our favorite reporters for our very final Reporters Roundtable: Jerome Vaughn, the news program director for the WDET in Detroit, and Marcus Mabry, international business editor for The New York Times. Gentlemen, welcome to News & Notes one more time.  MARCUS MABRY: Hi, Tony.   COX: You know, some have criticized the president, as we just talked about, for leaving D.C. at all when there are so much to be done, and a lot has been made about his appearance on the Jay Leno show and whether or not it's the first time a sitting president has ever made an appearance on a late-night show. It reminded me of Bill Clinton going on Arsenio, but I think Clinton was, if memory serves, a candidate at the time.   Mr. MABRY: Right.  COX: Marcus, how big a deal is this, his going on that show?  Mr. MABRY: It's not a big deal. And as we just heard, I think, the importance that it will play is one of, I think, character and one of stature and one of calm. It's the image that the president gave off of not being scared, of not being at his wit's end, of not being in a panic that I think will actually be the lasting import of his appearance on Leno. I think it actually - there was some conservative and some Republican commentary beforehand saying that Barack Obama was diminishing the presidency. In fact, I think seeing the president out and not fearful actually is a good thing for Americans. I think we're in a very anxious-filled time - anxiety-filled time, and I think he actually modeled the right behavior for us, and I think that was an incredibly useful thing. I - when I heard the criticism, I thought about back to Jimmy Carter, back who, you know, would not leave the White House during Iran-Contra, wouldn't campaign on his re-election bid because he was trying to get those hostages out - excuse me, the hostage, Iran hostage crisis, trying to get hostages out of Iran, he didn't want to be out, you know, do anything else. He wanted to show that he was serious about that problem. As President Obama said - and he has criticized Carter for that, for being held prisoner of the crisis. And as President Obama said from those critics who said he should focus only on the economy and not do anything about, you know, green policy, environmental policy, not doing anything on health-care policy. It's a kind of a ridiculous supposition.   COX: Well, let me bring Jerome in to get his opinion.  Mr. MABRY: Sure.   COX: Because Jerome, I'd like to know, is this a new tactic for talking directly to the people?  Mr. VAUGHN: I think absolutely that's the case. I mean, he could talk about the issues. He could talk about it in a relaxed sort of way. He showed that he was in command of what was going on, but he was talking to a different audience. He wasn't talking to, you know, news junkies. He wasn't talking to hard-core news reporters. He was talking to Jay Leno sort of as a surrogate to talk to the public. And I think that's an important thing, an important part of it. The whole world is not Washington, D.C., and Washington, D.C., is not the only place that has to deal with the effects of this economic crisis. So by getting outside of D.C., by having these town halls in California and by talking to a large audience at once, I think he did himself well.  COX: Well, the issue of AIG is certainly one that has been dogging him as he has been moving around, and it's shaping up as the first big, potential firestorm of this administration. My question for you, Mark, is this. We have a parallel track going on. We have on one hand people trying to deny culpability or responsibility for the language that allowed this to take place. And on the second track, we have Congress now acting to try to close that problem by taxing those who get the money. Let's deal with the issue of who's responsible. Will we ever get to the bottom of that satisfactorily, do you think?  Mr. MABRY: You know, I think not, Tony. Because I think in fact, who was responsible ultimately, I think was AIG and I think, you know, the executives who felt this through in the first place. I think the finger pointing to Washington is a political scrimmage. While it's important in this moment - and for those of us who are, you know, Beltway junkies - I don't think it's important in the long run. I think that as part of the long run it's a fact not - you were talking about $165 million in bonuses. We're talking about an economy he

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Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.


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Question: Hollywood Eyes Uncanny Valley In Animation

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The Uncanny Valley is a notion that states that if you make a robot that it up to 95 percent realistic, it's fantastic. More realistic that that and it's a disaster. That's because a 96 percent lifelike robot is a human being with something wrong. Hollywood uses the concept when animating movies.

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


Question: The Associated Press

Forum sits down with journalist Scott Lindlaw of the Associated Press to discuss the new book, "Breaking News: How The Associated Press Has Covered War, Peace and Everything Else."

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Question: Thousands In India Infected By Rare 'Black Fungus' With 50% Mortality Rate

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Thousands of Indians recovering from COVID-19 have come down with a rare fungal infection that's killing 50% of its victims. Doctors have had to remove patients' eyes and jawbones to save them.


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Question: Stem Cell Debate Still Thorny Despite Progress

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Scientists say they've found a way to create cells that act like embryonic stem cells without using human embryos. That could sidestep a big political and moral debate. Yet some scientists say, not so fast.


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Question: The Clinton Legacy On Fighting Crime And What Democrats Have Learned From It

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NPR's Audie Cornish talks to California Attorney General Kamala Harris at the Democratic National Convention about the Democrats' positions on Black Lives Matter and criminal justice reform.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Stories off the sidewalk

For several years, StoryCorps booths have allowed ordinary people relate their own stories to be preserved in a huge and growing collection in the Library of Congress.

Old rockers come back for more wild times on the grapevine.