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Question: Boutros Boutros: No! No!

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NPR's Tom Gjelten reports that United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali...who has announced he wants to serve another term...is going to face a major hurdle in the race: The United States. The Clinton Administration plans to block his re-election using the U.S. veto at the U.N.

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Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: Herman's Her-mistresses; I Love The '70s: Iran; and Onward to Mars!


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Question: Morning Ritual: A Quiet Storm Blows In From Portland

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His projects include a funk band and an Afrobeat tribute to Michael Jackson, but Portland's Ben Darwish is also one of the city's most in-demand jazz pianists. For The Clear Blue Pearl, Darwish began composing during a month-long residence at Caldera in the high desert town of Sisters, Ore. The work began with a single song written there, and later expanded into 10 songs. It tells the story of family members who are in danger of losing their farm to drought, and who head off in search of a mythical underground aquifer — the "Clear Blue Pearl." Back in Portland, Darwish enlisted sister duo Shook Twins to sing the close harmonies, added drummer Russ Kleiner and guitarist William Seiji Marsh, and called the band Morning Ritual. In addition to performing The Clear Blue Pearl, the group is working on new music, and for our opbmusic session unveiled this one, titled "So Cold." Credits  Audio: Steven Kray Video: Nate Sjol

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"['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'I won Gold in Turin  and all I got was this shiny donut; Why is Mickey Mouse smiling?   The Fresh Meat Conspiracy.']" == "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details.', 'Listener Limerick Challenge']"

Considering Doris Day, Radiant Baby, Black and White Airmen, Tear It All Down, Shades of the Past, Tiger Lily Press Exhibition


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

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A ScuttleButton puzzle just in time for Mother's Day! Don't forget the rules: Take one word (or concept) per button, add 'em up, and whaddaya get? Usually the answer to the rebus is a famous name or a common expression. And don't focus on a political answer. It doesn't necessarily have to be political, though it could be. A correct answer chosen at random gets his or her name in this column. Personally, I can't imagine a greater honor. You can't use the comments box at the bottom of the page for your answer. Send submission (plus your name and city/state -- you won't win without that) to politicaljunkie@npr.org. ScuttleButton is a regular Friday feature on the Political Junkie blog. Here's the answer to last week's puzzle. And, by adding your name to the Political Junkie mailing list, you will be the first on your block to receive notice when a new puzzle goes up on the blog. Sign up at politicaljunkie@npr.org. Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new Junkie post goes up by clicking here. Good luck, have fun, and happy Friday! And Happy Mother's Day!

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: It's a Bird! It's A Plane! It's Amazon!; The Holy Doorman; Father Stealthmas.


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Question: 'A Rose Is A Rose Is A' 75-Year-Old Kid's Book By Gertrude Stein

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You might know Gertrude Stein from that college class where you studied her experimental fiction, or maybe you remember her as the host of salons for famous 20th-century artists like Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso and Ernest Hemingway. But here's a side of her you might not know: Stein the children's book author. Her book for kids was a collaboration with illustrator Clement Hurd, the artist behind Goodnight Moon and the mystical rabbits in The Runaway Bunny. The book, The World Is Round, follows the adventures of a young girl named Rose, and it's just as beautiful and fascinating as anything Stein — the mother of modernism — put her hand to. The World Is Round turns 75 this year, and the anniversary is being marked with a rerelease that replicates how the book looked when it first came out in 1939. Clement Hurd's son, Thacher Hurd, a children's book author in his own right, contributed the foreword. He tells NPR's Don Gonyea about how Stein came to write a children's book and why it's a good read for adults, too.  Interview Highlights On how Stein came to publish her first children's book My parents were just starting to get into doing children's books in the late '30s in New York, and there was a children's publisher called Young Scott Books, and one of the people involved in this was also Margaret Wise Brown [author of Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny]. So one day at an editorial meeting, she said, "Why don't we write to some well-known authors and see if they'll do a children's book?" And Hemingway and Steinbeck said, "No,thanks," but Gertrude Stein said, "Yes, I would love to write a children's book — in fact I've almost finished it already." On how his father was chosen to illustrate the book The first choice was an English painter named Francis Rose. Stein wanted him to illustrate the book mainly because his name was Rose, and the heroine of The World is Round is named Rose, and, of course, it's Stein's most iconic saying: "A rose is a rose is a rose." But nobody really liked Francis Rose's paintings. ... They convinced her, they said, "We'll have a kind of competition, and then you decide." And when the package [from Hurd] arrived, [the customs people] called up Gertrude Stein ... and they said, "We'd like you to come down and pick up this package, and there's a customs duty on it." So she went down to the customs house, and they told her some exorbitant amount for the duty, and she said, "Well, I'm not going to pay it until I see what's inside." So they open it up for her, and she sat in the customs house looking at the artwork and then she closed it up and said, "I don't want it, send it back," thereby avoiding the duty. And she went back to her apartment and she wrote a very detailed letter to my father saying that she would like to have him illustrate it and with very specific suggestions about the artwork. So she had taken the whole thing in, just by briefly looking at it. On why this children's book works for adult audiences It's sort of an abstract book. It doesn't have a particularly strong plot, but it has this sense of rhythm underlying it that's quite fascinating, I think. ... And I think it's a wonderful thing to just sit around and read out loud for adults. When they first got the book, Margaret and the editors — William Scott and his brother-in-law — they sat at her apartment reading it out loud, that was the first way they read it. And in the middle of reading it, the lights went out, because Margaret chronically forgot to pay her utility bills, so they sat by candlelight reading the book and, I think, were entranced.

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Stories: 1) 'Sirius' Poetry From New Poet Laureate W.S. Merwin 2) Stephen King: The 'Craft' Of Writing Horror Stories 3) 'I Am Love': A 'Madame Bovary' For Our Century


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Question: Comatose Florida Woman

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Terri Schiavo, a Florida woman who is in a persistent vegetative state, has had her feeding tube reinserted by legislative order. Schiavo had been disconnected from life support by court order, at the request of her husband and legal guardian, Michael. NPR's Phillip Davis reports.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: One Author's Controversial View: 'In Defense Of Looting'

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This story was updated on Sept. 1, 2020. The original version of this story, which is an interview with an author who holds strong political views and ideas, did not provide readers enough context for them to fully assess some of the controversial opinions discussed. In the past months of demonstrations for Black lives, there has been a lot of condemnation of looting. Whether it was New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo saying that stealing purses and sneakers from high-end stores in Manhattan was "inexcusable," or St. Paul, Minn., Mayor Melvin Carter saying looters were "destroy[ing] our community," police officers, government officials and pundits alike have denounced the property damage and demanded an end to the riots. And just last week, rioters have burned buildings and looted stores in Kenosha, Wis., following the police shooting of Jacob Blake, to which Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., has said: "Peaceful protesting is a constitutionally protected form of free speech. Rioting is not." Writer Vicky Osterweil's book, In Defense of Looting, came out on Tuesday. Osterweil is a self-described writer, editor and agitator who has been writing about and participating in protests for years. And her book arrives as the continued protests have emerged as a bitter dividing point in the presidential race. When she finished it, back in April, she wrote that "a new energy of resistance is building across the country." Now, as protests and riots continue to grip cities, she stakes out a provocative position: that looting is a powerful tool to bring about real, lasting change in society. The rioters who smash windows and take items from stores, she claims, are engaging in a powerful tactic that questions the justice of "law and order," and the distribution of property and wealth in an unequal society. I spoke with Osterweil, and our conversation has been edited and condensed for clarity.  For people who haven't read your book, how do you define looting? When I use the word looting, I mean the mass expropriation of property, mass shoplifting during a moment of upheaval or riot. That's the thing I'm defending. I'm not defending any situation in which property is stolen by force. It's not a home invasion either. It's about a certain kind of action that's taken during protests and riots. Looting is a highly racialized word from its very inception in the English language. It's taken from Hindi, lút, which means "goods" or "spoils," and it appears in an English colonial officer's handbook [on "Indian vocabulary"] in the 19th century. During the uprisings of this past summer, rioting and looting have often gone hand in hand. Can you talk about the distinction you see between the two? "Rioting" generally refers to any moment of mass unrest or upheaval. Riots are a space in which a mass of people has produced a situation in which the general laws that govern society no longer function, and people can act in different ways in the street and in public. I'd say that rioting is a broader category in which looting appears as a tactic. Often, looting is more common among movements that are coming from below. It tends to be an attack on a business, a commercial space, maybe a government building — taking those things that would otherwise be commodified and controlled and sharing them for free. Can you talk about rioting as a tactic? What are the reasons people deploy it as a strategy? It does a number of important things. It gets people what they need for free immediately, which means that they are capable of living and reproducing their lives without having to rely on jobs or a wage — which, during COVID times, is widely unreliable or, particularly in these communities is often not available, or it comes at great risk. That's looting's most basic tactical power as a political mode of action. It also attacks the very way in which food and things are distributed. It attacks the idea of property, and it attacks the idea that in order for someone to have a roof over their head or have a meal ticket, they have to work for a boss, in order to buy things that people just like them somewhere else in the world had to make under the same conditions. It points to the way in which that's unjust. And the reason that the world is organized that way, obviously, is for the profit of the people who own the stores and the factories. So you get to the heart of that property relation, and demonstrate that without police and without state oppression, we can have things for free. Importantly, I think especially when it's in the context of a Black uprising like the one we're living through now, it also attacks the history of whiteness and white supremacy. The very basis of property in the U.S. is derived through whiteness and through Black oppression, through the history of slavery and settler domination of the country. Looting strikes at the heart of property, of whiteness and of the police. It gets to the very root of the way those three things are interconnected. And

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: On Extending Hate Crimes Law To Gays: Here's How Senators Voted

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For those who wonder how their senators voted yesterday on the Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Prevention Act, which extends federal hate-crime law to include acts of violence against a person because of his or her sexual orientation, here's the rundown: Read More >> There were 68 votes in favor. Akaka (D-Hawaii)Baucus (D-Mont.)Bayh (D-Ind.)Begich (D-Alaska) Bennet (D-Colo.)Bingaman (D-N.M.)Bond (R-Mo.)Boxer (D-Calif.) Brown (D-Ohio)Burris (D-Ill.)Cantwell (D-Wash.)Cardin (D-Md.) Carper (D-Del.)Casey (D-Pa.)Collins (R-Maine)Conrad (D-N.D.) Cornyn (R-Texas)Dodd (D-Conn.)Dorgan (D-N.D.)Durbin (D-Ill.) Ensign (R-Nev.)Feinstein (D-Calif.)Franken (D-Minn.)Gillibrand (D-N.Y.) Gregg (R-N.H.)Hagan (D-N.C.)Harkin (D-Iowa)Hutchison (R-Texas) Inouye (D-Hawaii)Johnson (D-S.D.)Kaufman (D-Del.)Kerry (D-Mass.) Kirk (D-Mass.)Klobuchar (D-Minn.)Kohl (D-Wis.)Landrieu (D-La.) Lautenberg (D-N.J.)Leahy (D-Vt.)Levin (D-Mich.)Lieberman (ID-Conn.) Lincoln (D-Ark.)Lugar (R-Ind.)McCain (R-Ariz.)McCaskill (D-Mo.) Menendez (D-N.J.)Merkley (D-Ore.)Mikulski (D-Md.)Murray (D-Wash.) Nelson (D-Fla.)Nelson (D-Neb.)Pryor (D-Ark.)Reed (D-R.I.) Reid (D-Nev.)Rockefeller (D-W.Va.)Sanders (I-Vt.)Schumer (D-N.Y.) Shaheen (D-N.H.)Snowe (R-Maine)Specter (D-Pa.)Stabenow (D-Mich.) Tester (D-Mont.)Udall (D-Colo.)Udall (D-N.M.)Voinovich (R-Ohio) Warner (D-Va.)Webb (D-Va.)Whitehouse (D-R.I.)Wyden (D-Ore.) There were 29 votes against: Alexander (R-Tenn.)Barrasso (R-Wyo.)Bennett (R-Utah)Brownback (R-Kan.) Bunning (R-Ky.)Burr (R-N.C.)Chambliss (R-Ga.)Coburn (R-Okla.) Cochran (R-Miss.)Corker (R-Tenn.)Crapo (R-Idaho)DeMint (R-S.C.) Enzi (R-Wyo.)Feingold (D-Wis.)Graham (R-S.C.)Grassley (R-Iowa) Inhofe (R-Okla.)Isakson (R-Ga.)Johanns (R-Neb.)Kyl (R-Ariz.) LeMieux (R-Fla.)McConnell (R-Ky.)Risch (R-Idaho)Roberts (R-Kan.) Sessions (R-Ala.)Shelby (R-Ala.)Thune (R-S.D.)Vitter (R-La.)Wicker (R-Miss.) Three senators did not vote: Byrd (D-W.Va.)Hatch (R-Utah)Murkowski (R-Alaska) All but one "no" vote came from Republicans. The lone Democrat to vote "nay" was Russ Feingold of Wisconsin. The GOP lawmakers generally said they opposed the fact that the measure was attached to a must-pass $680 billion defense bill -- though they had not lent their support to previous efforts to bring the Shepard Act to a vote. Feingold said he supported the hate crimes extension but opposed the defense bill because it allows too open-ended of a commitment to keeping U.S. forces in Afghanistan. Ten Republicans crossed party lines to vote "aye'. They were: Christopher Bond of Missouri, Susan Collins of Maine, John Cornyn of Texas, John Ensign of Nevada, Judd Gregg of New Hampshire, Kate Bailey Hutchison of Texas, Richard Lugar if Indiana, John McCain of Arizona, Olympia Snowe of Maine and George Voinovich of Ohio. Our source for the vote counts: Senate.gov.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: In The Loop: "Best of The LoopCast"

(Length: 47 min.) Before In The Loop went weekly, there was a little thing called The LoopCast.  We collected some of our favorite clowning from those glory days, including "This American Loop" and "Public Radio Laboratories."

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E.g. ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "I finally broke down and watched Michael Winterbottom's The Road To Guantanamo the other night. As cynical as I am, I still find it astonishing that this place remains open and that there are those who still justify its..."] == ['Represent the natural language:', 'Torture, ticking time bombs, and the American way']

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Professional Holiday Decorators

Stressed-out hosts across California are hiring some extra help this year. Professional decorating services are not just for the rich and famous anymore — they're also for hardworking folks with little time for the holiday trimmings. (Audio not yet available from this broadcast.)

School Funding, Focus On Technology, National Audubon Society, The Android's Dream, Chase's Calendar of Events, Letters from Iwo Jima, Commentary: Exercise and Pre-teen Martial Arts


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Question: The Great U.S. History Battle

William Faulkner wrote, "The past is never dead. It's not even past." And that's never more true than when people start arguing over how American history should be taught in school. The current fight involves the Advanced Placement U.S. history exam. Nearly half a million high school students took the test last year, hoping to earn college credit. This school year, the nonprofit College Board unveiled a redesign of the course that's meant to prepare AP teachers and their students for the exam. And some state lawmakers are calling the new framework "distorted" and "revisionist." An Oklahoma House committee voted earlier this month to review the guidelines and potentially cut funding for AP U.S. history classes there. Other anti-AP proposals have come up in Texas, Georgia, Nebraska, North Carolina and Tennessee. What are their complaints? The new course and exam description is extensive — more than 120 pages — but some conservative lawmakers argue it's not extensive enough. State Rep. Dan Fisher, who introduced the Oklahoma bill, told reporter Rachel Hubbard of member station KOSU: "In the new framework, little if anything is even emphasized about the Declaration of Independence or the Constitution or our war of independence. The founders are hardly even mentioned." And it's not just the founders. Critics are quick to point out that the new AP guidelines also leave out Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr. Much of the criticism now stirring up statehouses echoes a resolution that the Republican National Committee adopted at its big meeting last summer in Chicago. It said the new framework "reflects a radically revisionist view of American history that emphasizes negative aspects" while omitting or minimizing the positive. And it's not just what the College Board left out that has these lawmakers upset — but a key shift in focus, based on what did make the cut. Among the negative aspects of U.S. history that the framework highlights: The persecution of American Indians, slavery and the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II. The list goes on. Georgia state Sen. William Ligon, an outspoken critic of the AP redesign, much preferred the old framework, which he says emphasized American exceptionalism. To him, the new course "looks at America through the lens of race, gender and class identity" and doesn't pay enough attention to "the things that unite us and set us apart from much of the rest of the world." The College Board has issued a full-throated rebuttal, making clear this framework was written by teachers and historians. It acknowledges that many famous documents and people, including Parks and King, go unmentioned. The explanation: These are guidelines, not a comprehensive curriculum. In fact, the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights and the Emancipation Proclamation weren't mentioned in the old AP framework. That said, the College Board is listening to this debate. It's opened up a public feedback process through the end of this week and says, based on what it hears, it could make changes to the framework over the summer. While opposition to the new AP framework is fierce in some statehouses, the likeliest outcome in most cases is a state-led review of the new material. And it's unclear what consequences, if any, such a review would have. Dropping the course altogether would be unpopular with many students, parents and teachers. The College Board claims that, in Oklahoma alone, students are on track this year to earn nearly a million dollars in college credit through its AP U.S. history class. And last year, in Jefferson County, Colo., when the school board initiated its own review, students walked out of class. The effort in Oklahoma appears to have run into similar objections. A week after the anti-AP U.S. history bill cleared the state's House education committee, Fisher now says he's not trying to do away with the program or cut its funding.

Public Financing of Political Campaigns, The Legend of St. Nicholas, Field Notes: Gorillas, Focus on Technology, Gluten-Free Living, The Big Screen: Forever


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Question: President Ford's Legacy

Forum discusses the legacy of President Gerald Ford, who died Tuesday.

Stories: 1) Candidates' Prescriptions for Health Care Reform 2) Mark McKinney's Outrageous Comic Fortune


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

We know how the president feels about it. "We don't have time to be playing these kinds of political games in Washington," Barack Obama said on Monday, in what many took to be a full attack on ScuttleButton, America's favorite political game. I beg to differ. I say we DO have time to play these kind of political games, especially when a tee-shirt and Political Junkie button are at stake. With Talk of the Nation going off the air in ks a month-and a half and the future of ScuttleButton at risk, I say this is the BEST time to be playing. Because once they outlaw ScuttleButton, only outlaws will have ScuttleButton. ScuttleButton, of course, is that once-a-week waste of time exercise in which each Monday or Tuesday — or, as they call today, "Wednesday" — I put up a vertical display of buttons on this site. Your job is to simply take one word (or concept) per button, add 'em up, and, hopefully, you will arrive at a famous name or a familiar expression. (And seriously, by familiar, I mean it's something that more than one person on Earth would recognize.) For years, a correct answer chosen at random would get his or her name posted in this column, an incredible honor in itself. Now the stakes are even higher. Thanks to the efforts of the folks at Talk of the Nation, that person also hears their name mentioned on the Wednesday show (by me) and receives a Political Junkie t-shirt in the bargain. Is this a great country or what? You can't use the comments box at the bottom of the page for your answer. Send submission (plus your name and city/state — you won't win without that) to politicaljunkie@npr.org. (Why do people keep forgetting to include their name and city/state?) And, by adding your name to the Political Junkie mailing list, you will be among the first on your block to receive notice about the column and the puzzle. Sign up at politicaljunkie@npr.org. Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new Junkie post goes up by clicking here. Good luck! By the way, I always announce the winner on Wednesday's Junkie segment on TOTN — seven or eight days after the puzzle first goes up. So you should try and get your answer in as soon as possible. But logistically, you have about a week to submit your guess. Here are the buttons used and the answer to last week's puzzle: APPA/Association for the Preservation of Political Americana — My ID badge at this 1974 button convention in New Jersey was signed by Bill Miller, the special guest and Barry Goldwater's running mate in 1964. Before It's Too Late Vote Wallace In '68 — Former Alabama Gov. George Wallace ran for president as a third-party candidate in 1968. Sheehan for Congress — James Sheehan was the Republican candidate against Rep. Andy Maguire in New Jersey's 7th CD in 1976. Take the Chisholm Trail to 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. — Rep. Shirley Chisholm (D-N.Y.) sought the Democratic presidential nomination in 1972. So, when you combine APPA + Late + Sheehan + Trail, you may just very well end up with ... The Appalachian Trail. Where Mark Sanford said he was in 2009 while he was actually meeting his mistress in Argentina. The winner, chosen completely at random, is Michael Ruffin of Fitzgerald, Ga. Michael gets not only the coveted Political Junkie t-shirt — but the Official No Prize Button as well!

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Question: Some Scientists Skeptical Of Report On Chromium In Drinking Water

Putting the words "hexavalent chromium" and "drinking water" in the same sentence sounds like a recipe for people to worry. And a report released Monday by the Environmental Working Group sounded the alarm on chromium lurking in the taps of 31 U.S. cities got people fired up. The group figured some 74 million Americans drink water containing a cancer-causing form metal. But how concerned should we be about the findings from the study? Read More We asked Dr. Robert Baratz, an expert on metal exposure who teaches at the Boston University and Tufts University Schools of Medicine, to give us some context. He told Shots that it's difficult to draw scientifically valid conclusions from the single samples EWG took from water taps in a variety of cities. And Baratz questioned EWG's decision to use a limit on chromium proposed for California as a benchmark for what would be an acceptable level nationwide of chromium. That didn't stop California's senators from calling on the feds to set standards, however, according to AP. In California, the metal has been detected in ground water samples, which prompted the state to propose setting a limit of of 0.06 parts per billion (ppb) in drinking water to reduce cancer risk. That 2009 proposal was the first attempt by any state to set an enforceable limit for chromium in drinking water. But, "such proposed limits are often arbitrary, and without strong foundation," Baratz says. Hexavalent chromium, or Chromium-6, is the heavy metal that rose to infamy thanks to consumer advocate Erin Brockovich of Hinkley, Calif., and the Hollywood movie about her starring Julia Roberts. There is, to be sure,  a growing body of research about the cancer risks of ingesting the metal. Studies by the National Institutes of Health National Toxicology Program have found lab rats that were given hexavalent chromium orally had significant increases in tumors at sites where tumors aren’t usually seen: the mouth and the intestine. It has also been shown to cause lung cancer in humans when inhaled. But less is known about how chromium in drinking water affects humans, and how much is enough to be a problem. California EPA scientists have said that "hexavalent chromium is a possible human carcinogen by the  oral route." But Baratz says most people get chromium from food or cigarettes, not water. Acidic foods can leach the metal from stainless steel pots, for instance. Norman, Okla., had the highest concentration of Chromium-6 of any city in the EWG report with a concentration of about 13 ppb. But as Alfred Aleguas, managing director at the Northern Ohio Poison Control Center in Cleveland, told ABC News, that's not much. It's also a fraction of the 580 ppb found in Hinkley during Brockovich’s original investigation.

Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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For example, '['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Songs For These Times: Our Song Challenge']' should have a representation like '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'A few weeks ago, we asked songwriters to write and send us a song to reflect this remarkable day in the country\'s history. We received submissions from first-time and veteran songwriters alike, and I\'ve chosen a small handful that I thought captured the spirit of America after our historic election. For those whose songs were not chosen, thank you for participating. I hope and trust that you got something memorable out of the experience. Here are the ones I did choose. I\'ll put them on the All Songs Considered podcast this week. Kat Edmonson, "Be the Change"http://www.myspace.com/katedmonson Here\'s a video of her memorable and contagious tune: The Occidental Brothers International Dance Band, "Obama Ubarikiwe"This is a Chicago-based band in love with Ghanaian highlife music. "Obama Ubarikiwe" is a celebration of Barack Obama from this past fall, but I felt it captured the spirit and merited inclusion.http://occidentalbrothers.com/ Peter Ford, "What Our Future Holds"Ford: " \'What Our Future Holds\' was a breakthrough for me. I have never written anything quite like it or held myself to a deadline like that. The lyric \'Our dreams are our children...\' came from a dream of an inscrutable conversation with a wise friend in a dark cave. At the end of the conversation, I realized the walls were lined with geodes. I broke one free and cradled it in my hand. My friend was counseling about nurturing my future children or something not quite clear, but upon waking, I had the insight that these were not literal human offspring, but all of the seeds of potential and gifts I had within me, and I had to nurture them." Christian Kiefer, "Obama"Before Obama was elected, I received a lavishly packed CD of original songs about our first 43 presidents. Called Of Great and Mortal Men, the three-CD set ended with George W. Bush. Now, just in time for the inauguration, Christian Kiefer and his musical friends have added this song for our 44th president. Jon Black, "If We Hang On (Uncle Sam\'s Song of Hope)"http://www.whoisjonblack.comBlack: "I was feeding my musical appetite with Pete Seeger when I wrote this song. It\'s amazing to hear recordings of Seeger\'s concerts, and how it quickly turns from a guy with a guitar to an auditorium singing songs of hope and freedom. We are drawn to hope, and people want to sing harmony in a song of hope." Rachel Griffin, "Struggle Leads to Grace""The verses are inspired by the peaceful feeling I\'ve had about things since Obama was elected, even though times are so hard. Yes, I can\'t pay my bills, but I have a president who inspires me. He inspires me to tirelessly to use the gifts and talents Ipossess for the greater good. He also reminds me that it is not material success or possessions that are what make an individual or country great. Taking care of others and respecting and valuing each other as human beings is where greatness lies."http://www.rachelgriffin.com']' but very far from '['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema']'.

Question: Instead Of Snow Days, Time Off For Sandstorms, Volcanoes And More

Many children across the country have been thrilled to have a few days off school because of the snow days this winter. That got Kavitha Cardoza from Here & Now contributor WAMU wondering, what do children in other countries get days off for? Reporter

Kavitha Cardoza, special correspondent for WAMU. She tweets @KavithaCardoza.

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Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Steven Pinker Looks At The Bright Side

There are plenty of reasons to despair: increased partisanship, a warming planet, a potential “infocalypse”, and the Doomsday Clock’s recent tick closer to midnight. But at least one person is making the argument that not only are our times not bad, but, in fact, we’ve never had it so good. That person is Steven Pinker. As he tells The Washington Post:  Think about it: If you arrived in a new city and saw that it was raining, would you conclude, “The rain has gotten worse”? How could you tell, unless you knew how much it had rained before that day? Yet people read about a war or terrorist attack this morning and conclude that violence is increasing, which is just as illogical. In fact, rates of war have been roller-coastering downward since 1946, rates of American homicide have plunged since 1992, and rates of disease, starvation, extreme poverty, illiteracy and dictatorship, when they are measured by a constant yardstick, have all decreased — not to zero, but by a lot.  Pinker’s new book “Enlightenment Now” makes the case that, on the whole, the world is improving, and that it can improve further if we embrace the right principles. The message has resonated in some circles. Bill Gates declared it his “favorite book of all time”.  We’ll talk to Pinker about humanism, optimism and progress. GUESTS Steven Pinker, Johnstone Professor of Psychology, Harvard University; author, “Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress;” @sapinker For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

Stories: 1) Jane Mayer: The Risks Of A Remote-Controlled War 2) The Ethical, Psychological Effects Of Robotic Warfare 3) Nellie McKay's 'Blueberry Pie,' A Tribute to Doris Day


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Question: From One Of Ted's Recommended

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To give you a sense - "['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', 'Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week\'s news: "Hurricane Don," "Courting Trouble" and "Puppet Love."']" should be close to "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR:', "Who's Bill This Time"]"

From one of Ted's recommended recordings, Richard Marlow conducts the Choir of Trinity College Cambridge in Sweelinck's exuberant setting of the 150th Psalm. (Conifer Classics 16850-2)

2021 Podcast By Emily M. 9/11 NPR A Cultural Disconnect: The US and Iran A Dive into Diversity Aidan Sockrider's NPR Student Contest Submission Albert Barnes All About Cancel Culture All Natural: Yellowstone National Park An Ode to Ants Anxiety In Kids and Teens AP B3 A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words A Possibly Positive Pandemic? Arab Teens Asian Stereotypes Athlete's Corner: Pandemics, Protein Shakes, and Home Workouts Auggie's Pet Podcast Avocado Mafia Break In The Story Of Laurie Dann Butterflies in our Stomach Butterflies Unscripted Candy to My Ears Charlie's Family Podcast Charlie Brown Parallels to the Past Part Two Cinthia A - NPR Podcast Challenge 2021 Climate Change Coping with Covid Covid Conversations Creativity and Nature Dancing Fire Dark 'n' Stormy Dark Childhood Theories Death By Sugar: The Great Molasses Flood Of 1919 Different Bodies, Different Reasons Dinosaurs Drinks with a Tasteful Twist Environmental Activism With Orla Malloy Escape From Alcatraz Evolution Of Slang Exhale Forget, Fix, or Forgive Food Waste Frog Bridge & The Soul of Willimantic Genres Of Music Gratitude GSNPR Podcast Contest Guinness World Records Harmful Gender Norms Haunted Hometown: Pleasanton, California Helmet Podcast Hieu Tam Pham High School Memories History of Music Hole Donut How Are Sports Affected? How Can We Stop Global Warming How the first trillionaire will come about How to Bake the World's Best Chocolate Chip Cookies How to Make Students' Lives Engaging During COVID-19 Hyphenated I Am Black Excellence If You Close Your Eyes In a Pickle Inclusion Indian Small Farmers' Fight for Democracy Industry Juniors Interviews with Grandma In The Eye Of The Storm IRL Podcast It's A Twin Thing Japanime Podcast Just Clowning Around KIDWARZ Leadership Podcast Legal Misconduct Let's Talk About Sustainability! LGBTQ discrimination Life Of A Racecar Driver Llama Podcast Local Artist LOTR Male Depression Match Of The Century Media and Reality: TV's Effect on Black Women Megan Ramirez NPR Mental Health For Students Mental Health in Movies and TV Mirror, Mirror On The Dog Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women Miss Mattie and Scooter Mouse MLK Marches in Cicero My Small Business Journey Mysterious Earth Nad - Cast 1 - 3 12 21, 10.45 PM Nate Drohan: Sleep Talk Podcast Native American Mascots Neighborhood News NMC21: Q No Longer a Child One year of distance Online or in person schooling? Operation Paperclip Opinions on Group Homes Pandemic Blues Pandemics and Students Parents Just Don't Understand Parents Vs. Kids Pickled Punks Podcast PTSD: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly Quarantine Daydreams R.O.G.U.E. Podcast Episode 4 Part 1: Authenticity Representation In Film Risk Takers Podcast Sardines Lost At Sea Scary Story Slight of Hand Sophia's Podcast on Eagles Speech And Debate Podcast Stories Around The Ghost Light: 24 Hours Before You Lose It All Survival Of The Vietnam War Taylor A's Story Technology Dating Texting While Zooming The Breakout Room The Days Before US The Degradation of the Y Chromosome The Effect Of Machismo The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly: The Electoral College The Great Emu War The Hauntings of Breckie The Hauntings of Breckie The History of Classical Music The Importance Of Self Care During A Pandemic The Inexplicable Heist The Lavender Scare The Mystery Of Roanoke Island The Podcast People There is a Banana in my Podcast The Rise Of Anti - Asian Hate The Simpsons Podcast The Speculative Implications of Trans- Temporal Travel The Subtle Things: Teacher-Student Relationships The Trolley Problem The Underlying Problems In The Gaming Industry The Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Water Rights Settlement Act The Weekend that Went Wrong This or That: School Edition Through Many Glass Ceilings Thurscast TriplePoint Two Brothers, One Mother Tye Rollins: A Hero in Scrubs and a White Coat Understanding the Hijab Unknown Monsters: Climate Change Victoria Viruses are NOT a Race Voices Of Hawaii Weird Laws in America What's Good? What is Worth Fighting For? Where Are You Daddy? Why TikTok is a Black Hole Zobia and Lila


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Question: Did Education Report Just Confirm the Obvious?

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Did 30 researchers spend nearly two years and $3 million to find out what we already know? Host Kathryn Baron put that question to State Senator Joe Simitian, a member of the senate education committee, and to Stanford Professor Susanna Loeb, who coordinated all the research through the University's Institute for Research on Education Policy and Practice.

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Question: These Grandparents Are Doing Parent Duty Once Again

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More than 2.5 million children across the U.S. are being raised by grandparents or other kin, according to Generations United, a nonprofit organization that supports so-called “grandfamilies.” But that number could be higher. Parents who are addicted to drugs, mentally ill or incarcerated are among the reasons why. In Arizona, one organization is working to support these unique families, and as Kathy Ritchie (@kathymritchie) of KJZZ reports, many grandparents see this as a second chance.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Juneteenth Becomes Official Federal Holiday

Here & Now‘s Tonya Mosley listens back to Vice President Kamala Harris’ remarks from Thursday’s signing ceremony at the White House which officially designated Juneteenth as the newest federal holiday. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

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Good afternoon - here are a few stories we're watching today. Wikileaks' Assange Demands U.S. Cease 'Witch Hunt'. Uniformed Afghan Kills NATO Servicemember; 3 NATO Troops Die In Roadside Bombing. (AP) It's Eid-Al-Fitr - Worldwide Festival Marks End Of Islamic Holy Month Of Ramadan. (VOA) Syrian President Assad Makes Rare Public Appearance, Marks Holiday At Mosque. (Bloomberg News) Brothers Seek To Market Toilet Paper Emblazoned With Advertising. (Journal News) Endurance Athlete Diana Nyad Attempts To Swim Unaided Between Cuba And Florida. (CNN)


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Question: 'La Verdad': The Truth Of Latin American Hip-Hop

Hip-hop scholar Jason Nichols says hip-hop in Latin America is more than just music — it's cultural exchange. Hear a conversation and a few tracks from all over the region.

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Stories: 1) Saxophone Stylings, With A South-Asian Flair 2) Green Goes Blue With 'Grant's First Stand' 3) 'Her Peers': A Gutsy Anthology Of Women Writers


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In China, Not Everything Has Changed

A lot of journalism about China focuses on the country's rapid and stunning changes, but equally telling are the things that stay the same. I did my first story on China's re-education through labor camps back in 2001. I met a former inmate named Liu Xiaobo for lunch in Beijing. Liu, soft-spoken and thoughtful, had written an article mourning those who had died in the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown. He had also called for democracy. So, one day, police took him from his house and charged him with "slandering the Communist Party" and "disrupting social order." "It took no more than an hour and a half for them to arrest me in my home, declare a sentence of three years in a re-education camp and send me to another detention center in suburban Beijing," said Liu over cups of tea. "I never imagined they could use such a fast method. If I hadn't gone to the toilet, it would have been even shorter." Not long after I talked to Liu, I left China. Liu continued his calls for political change, which landed him in prison. In 2010, he won the Nobel Peace Prize. I returned to China in 2011 as NPR's Shanghai bureau chief. China was now the world's second largest economy, Shanghai's skyline dwarfed Manhattan's, but police were still chucking people in labor camp with no due process. This story that we broadcast and published Friday tells a familiar tale of people who complain about bad treatment by local government and end up in labor camps working 12- to 16-hour days and enduring beatings. But, like so much else here, this too may be changing. With the growth of the Internet and a freer press, public opinion has been galvanized against the camps. The government says it wants to "reform" the system. Some think officials may even shut it down. "I think it will probably be abolished, because the majority of government people support abolition," said Wang Gongyi, a retired Ministry of Justice researcher. "The core problem is decisions are made arbitrarily. Good people can be easily wronged."

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Is This Pledge a Lemon; Out With the Old, In With the Old; and Time Is on Their Side.


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Question: Steel Industry Faces Economic Shift, Competition

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NPR's Michele Norris talks with David Wessel of The Wall Street Journal about the economics of the steel industry and the hot-button tariff issue. He says the U.S. steel industry has benefited from the tariffs, but it remains to be seen if the industry used the advantage lent by the tariffs to prepare for global competition once they are lifted.

Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music.


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Question: Personal Finance Advice For The Coronavirus Crisis

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NPR's Michel Martin speaks with Kimberly Palmer, personal finance expert at NerdWallet, about money management during the coronavirus pandemic.

Stories: 1) Is Wall Street At Fault For Mortgage Meltdown? 2) Economy's Woes Mean Housing Crisis For Pets, Too


Question:
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Early Voting in Florida Starts Today

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For instance, <<['', 'This week marks the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots in New York City that helped spark the LGBT rights movement.']>>  to "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', '50 Years After Stonewall']"

As early voting begins, the state elections office released new registration figures that show Democrats now have a 658,000 vote advantage over Republicans in Florida. Since the last presidential election, Democrats have registered more than twice the number of new voters than Republicans. And now that Florida is officially open for business, you better believe the campaigns are on the ground: The McCain campaign is being represented by Meghan McCain, the senator's daughter. She's holding a series of events in central Florida. Meanwhile, the Obama campaign is blanketing the state with events from Miami to the panhandle. Barack Obama and company -- including Michelle Obama, Sen. Hillary Clinton, and New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson -- are holding voter rallies. At some events, they'll be joined by Republican Sen. Mel Martinez. Polls show Obama with a lead here in Florida -- a state that went for George W. Bush in 2000 and 2004.

represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr

The provided query could be "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details.', 'The Gestalt Gardener Radio Program with your hosts Felder Rushing and Dr. Dirt']" and the positive "['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'The Gestalt Gardener With Felder Rushing and Dr. Dirt']"

Tulare County Approves New Dairies. Drunk Driving Crackdown Planned for Holidays. Health Care Access a Priority for 2007, But Who Will Get It?. End Music.


Question:
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Given ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Excerpt: The 5 Love Languages'] it matches with ['', 'Chapter One What Happens to Love After the Wedding? At 30,000 feet, somewhere between Buffalo and Dallas, he put his magazine in his seat pocket, turned in my direction, and asked, "What kind of work do you do?" "I do marriage counseling and lead marriage enrichment seminars," I said matter-of-factly. "I\'ve been wanting to ask someone this for a long time," he said. "What happens to the love after you get married?" Relinquishing my hopes of getting a nap, I asked, "What do you mean?" "Well," he said, "I\'ve been married three times, and each time, it was wonderful before we got married, but somehow after the wedding it all fell apart. All the love I thought I had for her and the love she seemed to have for me evaporated. I am a fairly intelligent person. I operate a successful business, but I don\'t understand it." "How long were you married?" I asked. "The first one lasted about ten years. The second time, we were married three years, and the last one, almost six years." "Did your love evaporate immediately after the wedding, or was it a gradual loss?" I inquired. "Well, the second one went wrong from the very beginning. I don\'t know what happened. I really thought we loved each other, but the honeymoon was a disaster, and we never recovered. We only dated six months. It was a whirlwind romance. It was really exciting! But after the marriage, it was a battle from the beginning. "In my first marriage, we had three or four good years before the baby came. After the baby was born, I felt like she gave her attention to the baby and I no longer mattered. It was as if her one goal in life was to have a baby, and after the baby, she no longer needed me." "Did you tell her that?" I asked. "Yes, I told her. She said I was crazy. She said I did not understand the stress of being a twenty-four-hour nurse. She said I should be more understanding and help her more. I really tried, but it didn\'t seem to make any difference. After that, we just grew further apart. After a while, there was no love left, just deadness. Both of us agreed that the marriage was over. "My last marriage? I really thought that one would be different. I had been divorced for three years. We dated each other for two years. I really thought we knew what we were doing, and I thought that perhaps for the first time I really knew what it meant to love someone. I genuinely felt that she loved me. "After the wedding, I don\'t think I changed. I continued to express love to her as I had before marriage. I told her how beautiful she was. I told her how much I loved her. I told her how proud I was to be her husband. But a few months after marriage, she started complaining, about petty things at first-like my not taking the garbage out or, not hanging up my clothes. Later she went to attacking my character, telling me she didn\'t feel she could trust me, accusing me of not being faithful to her. She became a totally negative person. Before marriage, she was never negative. She was one of the most positive people I have ever met-that\'s one of the things that attracted me to her. She never complained about anything. Everything I did was wonderful, but once we were married, it seemed I could do nothing right. I honestly don\'t know what happened. Eventually, I lost my love for her and began to resent her. She obviously had no love for me. We agreed there was no benefit to our living together any longer, so we split. "That was a year ago. So my question is, What happens to love after the wedding? Is my experience common? Is that why we have so many divorces in our country? I can\'t believe that it happened to me three times. And those who don\'t divorce, do they learn to live with the emptiness, or does love really stay alive in some marriages? If so, how?" The questions my friend seated in 5A was asking are the questions that thousands of married and divorced persons are asking today. Some are asking friends, some are asking counselors and clergy, and some are asking themselves. Sometimes the answers are couched in psychological research jargon that is almost incomprehensible. Sometimes they are couched in humor and folklore. Most of the jokes and pithy sayings contain some truth, but they are like offering an aspirin to a person with cancer. The desire for romantic love in marriage is deeply rooted in our psychological makeup. Books abound on the subject. Television and radio talk shows deal with it. The Internet is full of advice. So are our parents and friends. Keeping love alive in our marriages is serious business. With all the help available from media experts, why is it that so few couples seem to have found the secret to keeping love alive after the wedding? Why is it that a couple can attend a communication workshop, hear wonderful ideas on how to enhance communication, return home, and find themselves totally unable to implement the communication patterns demonstrated? How is it that we see an expert on Oprah share tips on "101 Ways to Express Love to Your '] but not with ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Stories: 1) Francis Collins on 'The Language of God' 2) The Language Changes with 'Time'"]

Question: Author Philip Pullman Announces A Follow-Up Trilogy To 'His Dark Materials'

The hugely successful fantasy trilogy His Dark Materials will be getting a "companion" trilogy, author Philip Pullman announced this evening. The first book of the new series, which will collectively be called The Book of Dust, is set for publication on October 19. The original His Dark Materials trilogy consists of three volumes (The Golden Compass, The Subtle Knife, and The Amber Spyglass) published between 1995 and 2000. The series has sold over 17.5 million copies and been translated into 40 languages. The events of the first trilogy took place across several parallel worlds — including our own — and touched on disparate ideas related to theology, particle physics, and the loss of childhood innocence. Characters included a headstrong and fiercely intelligent young girl named Lyra Belacqua, and an armored, talking polar bear. The Book of Dust will return to the world(s) and characters of His Dark Materials, Pullman said, and Lyra will be integral to the new story — but not in the way she was before. The first volume will take place a decade before the events of His Dark Materials, when Lyra is an infant. The second and third volumes will be set ten years after the original trilogy's conclusion, and will follow Lyra as a young woman. But that doesn't mean what you might expect, Pullman told NPR editor Glen Weldon. He wants readers to consider the new work not as a simple extension of the original trilogy, but as a "companion" to it. "The [new] story begins before His Dark Materials and continues after it," he said, "... you don't have to read it before you read [the original trilogy] ... this is another story that comes after it, so it's not a sequel, and it's not a prequel, it's an equal." The title, The Book of Dust, refers to an invisible substance that figures largely in the earlier books — a fictional elementary particle that harbors a mysterious affinity with human consciousness. "That's what I really wanted to explore in this new work," he said. "More about the nature of Dust, and consciousness, and what it means to be a human being." Pullman has already followed up the original trilogy with two novellas and an audiobook. He said he was motivated to revisit the world of Lyra and her companions with a full trilogy because "I sensed a big story. I sensed the presence, in the way that you do, of another story that hadn't been told, and I went closer and ... thought about it and lived with it for a while and discovered that yes, it was a big story, and it did deserve to be told, it deserves its own books."  Interview Highlights On where The Book of Dust will fall in the saga Well, the first book is set roughly ten years before the action of His Dark Materials. And the second book and subsequent books ... are set ten years after it. So in the first one, Lyra is only a baby of about six months. So she's not able to do very much, but she's certainly the focus of intense activity on the part of the main protagonists. In the second book she will be twenty years old, she'll be an adult.... It's a sort of companion book, if you like. It doesn't stand before [His Dark Materials], it doesn't stand after it, it stands beside it. On why he's calling it The Book of Dust Dust is something which terrifies the religious authorities in His Dark Materials. It seems to have something to do with human consciousness, it seems to have something to do with experience, or as they call it, "sin." But they don't know what it is, or why it's important, and they're terrified of it. Now, in the course of the story, Lyra and her companions discover something about Dust, something important: that it's not a bad thing, it's a good thing. On whether the overwhelming worldwide reaction to the original trilogy colors his writing of the new one When I wrote the first series, starting in 1993, I didn't expect more than a readership of about two or three thousand. That's sort of based on previous experience and thinking what sort of book it was, I didn't think it would have very wide audience but maybe a few people would enjoy it. The fact that it was received with such interest all over the world in 40 different languages really did amaze me. It didn't change what I was doing, though, because I was already in my late 40s when I was starting that, I wasn't a very young writer bowled over by all the response and attention and so on. I was pretty clear and determined about what I was doing and how I was doing it. The only difference it made was that I had a lot more letters to write back. To answer. Nowadays I communicate by Twitter, but back in those days there were a lot of letters to write back, which I duly did. On his impatient readership Well, I have a standard answer. When people say "How's The Book of Dust getting along? When's it going to be finished?" I say, with perfect truth, "It is three pages longer today than it was yesterday." On the criticism his books have received I've been greatly criticized for the attention to religion

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Listeners suggest their all-time favorite children's books: Top Five Suggestions: 1.) The Chronicles of Narnia, C.S. Lewis 2.) Charlotte's Web, E.B. White 3.) A Wrinkle in Time, Madeleine L'Engle 4.) The Little House Series, Laura Ingalls Wilder 5.) The Lord of the Rings, J.R.R. Tolkien More Listener Suggestions: The Phantom Tollbooth, Norton Juster Bridge to Terabithia, Katherine The Redwall Series, Brian Jacques His Dark Materials Trilogy, Philip Pullman Little Women, Louise Mary Alcott Where the Wild Things Are, Maurice Sendak The Giving Tree, Shel Silverstein The Wind in the Willows, Kenneth Grahame A Series of Unfortunate Events (series), Lemony Snicket The Little Prince, Antoine de Saint Exup'ery James and the Giant Peach, Roald Dahl The Secret Garden, Frances Hodgson Burnett The Dark is Rising Sequence, Susan Cooper Boxcar Children (series),  Gertrude Chandler Watership Down, Richard Adams


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Question: Transcript: Michelle Obama's Convention Speech

Transcript of first lady Michelle Obama's speech at the Democratic National Convention, as prepared for delivery: Thank you so much, Elaine...we are so grateful for your family's service and sacrifice...and we will always have your back. Over the past few years as First Lady, I have had the extraordinary privilege of traveling all across this country. And everywhere I've gone, in the people I've met, and the stories I've heard, I have seen the very best of the American spirit. I have seen it in the incredible kindness and warmth that people have shown me and my family, especially our girls. I've seen it in teachers in a near-bankrupt school district who vowed to keep teaching without pay. I've seen it in people who become heroes at a moment's notice, diving into harm's way to save others...flying across the country to put out a fire...driving for hours to bail out a flooded town. And I've seen it in our men and women in uniform and our proud military families...in wounded warriors who tell me they're not just going to walk again, they're going to run, and they're going to run marathons...in the young man blinded by a bomb in Afghanistan who said, simply, "...I'd give my eyes 100 times again to have the chance to do what I have done and what I can still do." Every day, the people I meet inspire me...every day, they make me proud...every day they remind me how blessed we are to live in the greatest nation on earth. Serving as your First Lady is an honor and a privilege...but back when we first came together four years ago, I still had some concerns about this journey we'd begun. While I believed deeply in my husband's vision for this country...and I was certain he would make an extraordinary President...like any mother, I was worried about what it would mean for our girls if he got that chance. How would we keep them grounded under the glare of the national spotlight? How would they feel being uprooted from their school, their friends, and the only home they'd ever known? Our life before moving to Washington was filled with simple joys...Saturdays at soccer games, Sundays at grandma's house...and a date night for Barack and me was either dinner or a movie, because as an exhausted mom, I couldn't stay awake for both. And the truth is, I loved the life we had built for our girls...I deeply loved the man I had built that life with...and I didn't want that to change if he became President. I loved Barack just the way he was. You see, even though back then Barack was a Senator and a presidential candidate...to me, he was still the guy who'd picked me up for our dates in a car that was so rusted out, I could actually see the pavement going by through a hole in the passenger side door...he was the guy whose proudest possession was a coffee table he'd found in a dumpster, and whose only pair of decent shoes was half a size too small. But when Barack started telling me about his family – that's when I knew I had found a kindred spirit, someone whose values and upbringing were so much like mine. You see, Barack and I were both raised by families who didn't have much in the way of money or material possessions but who had given us something far more valuable – their unconditional love, their unflinching sacrifice, and the chance to go places they had never imagined for themselves. My father was a pump operator at the city water plant, and he was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis when my brother and I were young. And even as a kid, I knew there were plenty of days when he was in pain...I knew there were plenty of mornings when it was a struggle for him to simply get out of bed. But every morning, I watched my father wake up with a smile, grab his walker, prop himself up against the bathroom sink, and slowly shave and button his uniform. And when he returned home after a long day's work, my brother and I would stand at the top of the stairs to our little apartment, patiently waiting to greet him...watching as he reached down to lift one leg, and then the other, to slowly climb his way into our arms. But despite these challenges, my dad hardly ever missed a day of work...he and my mom were determined to give me and my brother the kind of education they could only dream of. And when my brother and I finally made it to college, nearly all of our tuition came from student loans and grants. But my dad still had to pay a tiny portion of that tuition himself. And every semester, he was determined to pay that bill right on time, even taking out loans when he fell short. He was so proud to be sending his kids to college...and he made sure we never missed a registration deadline because his check was late. You see, for my dad, that's what it meant to be a man. Like so many of us, that was the measure of his success in life – being able to earn a decent living that allowed him to support his family. And as I got to know Barack, I realized that even though he'd grown up all the way across the country, he'd been brought up just like m

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Stories: 1) Candidates' Prescriptions for Health Care Reform 2) Mark McKinney's Outrageous Comic Fortune


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Question: In Stock?: New CDs from Avenged Sevenfold, Best Coast and Seu Jorge

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Even at great record stores, you can't always find the albums you want. Sometimes the store has a particular specialty,  sometimes the local audience doesn't support a genre, sometimes the  price of an album doesn't justify the shelf space. Each Tuesday, we call  five record stores around the country and ask if  they have three brand  new CDs in their store. This week, we checked on Nightmare by hard rockers Avenged Sevenfold, Crazy for You by yearning California surf-pop group Best Coast, and Seu Jorge and Almaz by Brazilian crooner Seu Jorge and his band. The results, after the jump. Vinyl Solution18822 Beach Blvd. #104, Huntington Beach, CA 92648 Avenged Sevenfold: NoBest Coast: NoSeu Jorge and Almaz: No Roadrunner Records4304 Nicollett Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55409 Avenged Sevenfold: NoBest Coast: NoSeu Jorge and Almaz: No Target2823 Wilma Rudolph Blvd., Clarksville, TN 37040 Avenged Sevenfold: "We're sold out."Best Coast: NoSeu Jorge and Almaz: No Zia Records105 W. University Drive, Tempe, AZ 85281 Avenged Sevenfold: YesBest Coast: Yes (CD and Vinyl)Seu Jorge and Almaz: On order Barnes & NobleRR#10 Box 9, 9 Market Place Drive, Augusta, ME 04330 Avenged Sevenfold: YesBest Coast: NoSeu Jorge and Almaz: Yes

All Songs Considered's Robin Hilton is joined by NPR Music's Rodney Carmichael, Ann Powers, and Stephen Thompson to talk about July 20th's notable releases. Highlights include sultry R&B from The Internet, seething rock from songwriter Meg Myers, the "Joy" of Ty Segall & White Fence, a new album from the bluegrass group Punch Brothers and more. Featured on this Episode  The Internet: Hive Mind Featured Song: "Come Together" Lori McKenna: The Tree Featured Song: "A Mother Never Rests" Punch Brothers: All Ashore Featured Song: "Jumbo" Ty Segall & White Fence: JoyFeatured Song: "Do Your Hair" Meg Myers: Take Me To The Disco Featured Song: "Tear Me To Pieces" Buddy: Harlan & Alondra Featured Song: "Real Life S***"  Other notable releases for July 20: Ovlov: Tru, Nathan Salsburg: Third, Balún: Prisma Tropical, Bugge Wesseltoft & Prins Thomas: Bugge Wesseltoft & Prins Thomas, Struckout: Struckout


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Question: Who's Carl This Time

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The marrying kind gets some new entrants; a woman reintroduces herself to America's "whiteys";  a memoir that could be in cartoon form.

In this edition of This, That, or the Other, contestants must decide: is it a Danielle Steel novel, a Talking Heads song, or a Wrestlemania tagline? Heard on Javier Muñoz & David Harbour: The World Turned Upside Down


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Question: The ACLU Explains Why They're Supporting The Rights Of Milo Yiannopoulos

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The American Civil Liberties Union defends free speech, even if it's hateful. That has some of their supporters upset. Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks to Lee Rowland, a senior staff attorney at the ACLU.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- McCain Takes Swipe At President For Vietnam 'Bone Spur' Deferment. -- Director James Toubek Accused Of Harassment By Dozens Of Women. -- AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka Wins A Third 4-Year Term. -- Digging In The Mud To See What Toxic Substances Were Spread By Hurricane Harvey. -- David Letterman Honored With Twain Award For American Comedy.  And here are more early headlines: Schumer Seeks "CEO" For Disaster Recovery In Puerto Rico. (The Hill) Sgt. Bergdahl's Sentencing Hearing Opens Today. (CNN) Vietnam Veteran Who Saved Dozens To Receive Medal Of Honor. (ABC) Catalan Officials To Resist Spanish Government Takeover. (BBC) After Criticism, W.H.O. Rescinds Zimbabwe Leader's Appointment. (Washington Post) Philippines Says Assault On Marawi Militants Is Over. (Reuters) India's Government Tells Myanmar To Take Back Rohingyas. (AP)


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Question: NPR (Music) In The News and the Digital Media Devils Behind its iPad App

NPR Music entered the world of the iPad last week with the release of the NPR Music iPad App, bringing with it the advent of the "in-app concert." Already listed as the No. 2 free iPad music app, this masterpiece is hard to put down once you start playing, listening and streaming. There are a few faces you may not see as you scroll through archives of NPR Music content on the app, and we wanted to show them some love This Is NPR-style. Meet Ben Hands, John Stefany, Benjamin Dauer, Chris Koth, Jennifer Oh, Amy Schriefer (not pictured) and Stephanie Oura (not pictured) who together designed the NPR Music iPad App completely in-house - a first for NPR. As it turns out, they aren't too camera-shy: NPR Music's Amy Schriefer (pictured below) couldn't make it for the group photo - she's taking some well-earned vacation now that the project's wrapped. But she's such a baller (just check out the company she keeps), we can forgive her this time: Stephanie Oura (pictured, at left) also couldn't be around for the group shot, because, as Jennifer Oh quips, "We were on this project for so long that one of our team members had a baby during the process..." We aren't the only ones enamored with this beauty. Check out just a few of the accolades that are already piling up. - Fast Company spoke with NPR Music's Anya Grundmann about how this app plays into NPR's long-term vision for engagement and digital expansion. - MacWorld published the first extensive review for the app, kicking it off with this: "spoiler alert: it's a great app." - Mashable also announced the news Wednesday about the app and the upcoming March launch concert with The Shins in New York. - Yesterday, Read Write Web credited the team behind the app with their dedication to developing a thorough user experience and NPR for wasting "no time building a bridge to the future with its digital products." Congratulations to NPR Music and the team that worked to develop this app!

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May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Responding To Your Letters

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Farai Chideya and editor Anthea Raymond read from listeners' e-mails about our coverage of the presidential campaign and our bloggers' roundtable conversation about Bill O'Reilly's interview with Barack Obama.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: What Does The Future Hold For Russia's Longest-Serving Political Prisoner?

Will political amnesty, proposed by the Kremlin’s Human Rights Council, free former oil billionaire Mikhail Khodorkovsky from prison, 10 years after he was jailed on charges of fraud and tax evasion? Or will new charges be leveled that could keep the founder of the Yukos Oil Company in jail for years to come? Well, it depends who you ask. What is clear is that Russia’s best-known political prisoner, once the richest man in Russia, is in a kind of limbo that has activists and organizations like Amnesty International crying for justice. Russia watchers have long contended that his imprisonment had more to do with his run-ins with Russian president Vladmir Putin than his business practices, and the second sentence cemented that view among supporters. Khodorkovsky’s son, Pavel Khodorkovsky, joins Here & Now’s Jeremy Hobson to discuss his hopes for his father’s freedom. A documentary, “Free Khodorkovsky” explores the case. It will be airing on Sunday at the Coolidge Corner Theatre in Brookline, Mass (more info here). The movie was brought to Boston by 17-year-old activist Ariella Katz of the organization Democracy Is Right for Everyone.
Guest

Pavel Khodorkovsky, son of Mikhail Khodorkovsky and president of the Institute of Modern Russia.
 JEREMY HOBSON, HOST:  It's HERE AND NOW. And it has been 10 years since the Russian oil tycoon Mikhail Khodorkovsky was sent to prison on charges of fraud and tax evasion. But many then - and even more now - believe the charges were bogus, and that Khodorkovsky was put behind bars for political reasons because he was seen as a political threat to President Putin. He's due to be released next August unless more charges are brought forth. And his son Pavel is raising awareness of his father's case here in this country where he's the president of the Institute of Modern Russia in New York City. Pavel Khodorkovsky joins us in the studio now. Thanks for coming in. PAVEL KHODORKOVSKY: Thank you for having me. HOBSON: Well, what's your sense of what is going to happen? Do you think that your father is going to get out of prison on time in August? KHODORKOVSKY: This is certainly my hope. His sentence right now is said to run out in August of next year, and his co-defendant's and former business partner's Platon Lebedev's sentence is due to run out in May. So I'm looking forward to Platon Lebedev's release on the second of May, and I hope that nothing would stand in the way and both men will be free next year. HOBSON: So you think if he is released in May, then that bodes well for your father really being released in August. KHODORKOVSKY: Exactly. They have the same case, same set of charges. Their cases were actually united during the court proceedings some years ago. So Platon's release would mean my father's freedom as well. HOBSON: Although you've said that your father doesn't even think about the date because it's been pushed back before. KHODORKOVSKY: That's true. I tried asking him what's his state of mind, what is he thinking about in the wake of August next year, and he said, I don't want to even speculate. Thinking back to 2007, right before the second set of charges were brought up against my father, we were looking forward to 2011. That's when his.../ HOBSON: He was supposed to be released the first time. KHODORKOVSKY: And then our hopes and expectations were crushed. So he has adopted this point of view after the second verdict was handed down that he was not going to think about his potential release because anything could change. HOBSON: How often do you speak with him? And what do you talk about? KHODORKOVSKY: We get a chance to speak every couple of weeks. He is allowed one phone call, like every other inmate in jail, for 15 minutes on a Saturday. And he has to split this time because... HOBSON: He's got a lot of people to talk to. KHODORKOVSKY: My grandparents are back home. My family is here in the U.S. My brothers are now studying abroad. So he has to portion out the time. But we get to speak on the phone every couple of weeks. HOBSON: What is your sense of what happened to him in the first place after all these years? You've had a lot of time to think about this, but he was charged originally with tax evasion. Then the later charge is stealing from his own company. His defenders say this was just punishment by President Putin for challenging his power. What is your sense of what has happened over all these years? KHODORKOVSKY: Well, there are two main components that led to my father's arrest. First is political. Certainly, the government and then and now again President Vladimir Putin were not happy with the idea that a prominent businessman is strengthening the opposition by openly financing the opposition parties. But there was also a very important economic component as well. Igor Sechin, now the head of Rosneft, back then saw this as an opportunity to strengthen the government's role in the national economy by renatio

Good morning - we're looking at these stories today: Fierce Fighting Continues In Syria As U.N. General Assembly Prepares To Vote. It's 'Kiss In' Day At Chick-Fil-A For Gay Rights Activists. China Gets Hit With Two Hurricanes, Just Hours Apart. (CNN) Tropical Storm Ernesto Forms In Caribbean, Heading For Gulf Of Mexico. (AP) Jailed Islamist Cleric Threatens War If Myanmar Continues To Abuse Rohingya Muslims. (AFP) Spain's Borrowing Costs Go Up As Speculation Grows Over A Possible Bailout. (AP) Russian President Putin Suggests Leniency For Girl Punk Band Facing Charges Of Denouncing Him. (Moscow Times) U.S. Nuclear Processing Facility Closed After Four Protesters Get Through Security. (Reuters) Baseball All-Star Cal Ripken, Jr. Asks For Public's Help In Nabbing His Mother's Kidnapper. (Baltimore Sun) American Gymnastics Gold Medalist Gabby Douglas Is On 'Cloud Nine'. (People)


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Question: Filmically Perfect   "CREEP SHOW" 1982

Five jolting tales of horror from the cryptkeepr! (illustrated by Jack Davis)

Interview with DAVID CALOF cont'd.Floating :30 I.D 12:35 and 12:45]


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Question: Protesters Worry Hong Kong's Freedoms Are Gradually Eroding

Rachel Martin talks to pro-democracy activist and former politician Emily Lau about mass protests in Hong Kong in opposition to proposed legislation to extradite criminal suspects to mainland China.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- 'Path To Citizenship' Part Of Senators' Bipartisan Immigration Plan -- Brazilian Nightclub Disaster: Toxic Smoke, Barriers Blamed For Horrible Toll -- In Egypt: Protests Continue, Opposition Balks At Talks With Morsi -- French And Malian Forces Take Airport In Timbuktu; Islamists Burn Library Some of the morning's other top stories: -- "Google Explains How It Handles Police Requests For Users' Data." (Morning Edition) -- "Significant Activity" Detected In Former Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's Brain; He Has Been Unconscious Since Suffering Brain Hemorrhage In 2007. (Haaretz) -- "Toyota Again World's Largest Auto Maker." (The Wall Street Journal) -- Assad's Grip On Power Is "Slipping Away," Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev Says. (CNN.com)


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Question: 'King Arthur' Goes Light on Legend

NPR's Bob Mondello reviews the new film King Arthur. He says the movie falls short because not only does it fail to follow the Arthurian legend, but all the dialogue, action scenes and wardrobe just seem silly.

Stories: 1) 'Conchords': Music, Comedy, Clueless Kiwis 2) Author Reynolds Price, Meditating on Faith and Art 3) Coen Brothers Return with 'No Country for Old Men'


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For example, '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details!', 'A GOP Consensus at the Economic Conference']' should have a representation like '['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'This was not, however, the place to look for diversity of opinion. This was not the place to find a free-wheeling exchange of ideas on what the economy needs, and how to keep it moving forward. Make no mistake, this was, like so many events choreographed by the Bush White House over the past four years, a presentation designed solely to reinforce the president\'s policies. There would be no surprises over these two days: Nobody standing up to complain about the record budget deficit, or about the fact that tax cuts have not led to anywhere near the levels of job creation the president had predicted in 2001 and 2003. None of the panel discussions would be about the weakening U.S. dollar, or the staggering trade deficit. Instead, the titles of the panel discussions seemed to come right out of the president\'s re-election campaign literature. Wednesday featured one called "Tax and Regulator Burdens." It was followed after lunch by a session titled "The High Cost of Lawsuit Abuse." It wasn\'t too hard to figure out what those were going to show.     While there was a brief reference to potential good from governmental regulation, the overall tone was captured in this statement from Susan Dudley of George Mason University in Arlington, Virginia:  "From the moment you get out of bed in the morning you’re regulated. The Consumer Product Safety Commission regulates the label on the mattress on your bed. The cotton sheets on your bed are regulated by the Department of Agriculture. You may have to flush your toilet twice because of the low flow standards from the Department of Energy, and when you go downstairs for breakfast, even the size of the holes in the Swiss cheese that you grate into your omelet are regulated by the Department of Agriculture."    The clear message: such regulations are bad for businesses and bad for the economy and something needs to be done about it.     Vice President Dick Cheney opened the conference with a brief speech including a call for drastic simplification of the tax code, tossing out this statistic: "It\'s so complex that this country employs 1.2 million tax preparers.... that\'s larger than the entire United States Army." But the marquee topic of the two-day event was Social Security. The president has made revamping the system a top second-term priority. Still no specifics from the White House on what Mr. Bush will propose, but at the conference he reiterated some absolutes. Current retirees must still get their checks, with no reduction in benefits. Younger workers must get a shot at setting up private investment accounts. And payroll taxes must not increase to make up for the money (between $1 trillion and $2 trillion) lost by the diversion of funds to private accounts.     The president got a laugh when he followed that list by saying, "So with these principles in mind, I\'m open-minded." The constant message on Social Security was that it\'s broke and it needs to be fixed -- right now. It\'s a coming "train wreck" as one panelist put it. It\'s a "crisis" and "untenable" according to the president\'s own remarks. Not present at any point was the contrary view, available from many of those knowledgeable on the issue, that any crisis is still decades in the future and could be fended off with far less sweeping adjustments. Democrats dismissed this White House Economic Conference as propaganda. Sen. Jon Corzine of New Jersey called it "an infomercial." And to be sure it received second-tier coverage in the press.    But that doesn\'t seem to matter to the administration. This conference, like each rally of the campaign season, is part of the process of getting the message out in ways that are sometimes big and sometimes small.  This event helped the White House get a head start on defining the issues on Social Security and the other topics covered. Defining the issues is a matter of speaking with authority, clarity and consistent repetition. The Bush operation was masterful at this in the campaign and wants to continue its momentum. The fruit of this conference may be subtle, but it will be detectable in the feedback heard when the new Congress convenes in January, ready to take up the president\'s agenda.']' but very far from '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google\'s Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth\'s Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)']'.

Question: Discussion: The Year In Music, 2012

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For example, '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "OPB's morning podcast of top news stories from around the Pacific Northwest."]' should be close to '['represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr.', 'Quicktake Northwest 10-6-06']'

This has been a phenomenal year for music. Veterans Neil Young and Crazy Horse released not one but two ambitious and ingenious albums. New artists such as Kishi Bashi and Alt-J appeared with exciting and unusual records. Plenty of other surprises popped up along the way: Cat Power returned from a six-year hiatus with the best album she's ever made. Ty Segall, already a prolific artist, released three stellar garage-rock records in 2012 (three!), while the first-ever studio album from Macklemore, a rapper with little name recognition outside his native Seattle, made his debut at No. 1 on iTunes and No. 2 on Billboard. Meanwhile, R&B artists Miguel and Frank Ocean both released records that were unconventional but wildly popular. That's just some of the wonderful, unpredictable and endlessly fascinating music of 2012. On this edition of All Songs Considered, hosts Bob Boilen and Robin Hilton chat with NPR Music critic Ann Powers and editor Stephen Thompson about the music that mattered most to them in 2012, including their: Favorite Discoveries: Kishi BashiThe DoLianne La HavasKacey Musgraves Biggest Surprises: Neil YoungThe Sea And CakeMacklemore & Ryan LewisCloud Nothings Favorite Albums: Cat Power's SunAlt-J's An Awesome WaveFrank Ocean's Channel OrangeJapandroids' Celebration Rock Favorite Songs: Dirty Projectors: "Offspring Are Blank"Best Coast: "The Only Place"Miguel: "Adorn"Ty Segall: "Thank God For Sinners" Tell us what you think. Vote now for your favorite albums of 2012.

Stories: 1) When 10 Won't Do: David Edelstein's Top 13 Films 2) In Case You Missed It: Events And Trends Of 2009 3) Ken Tucker's Top 10 Recordings Of 2009


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Question: Memo To The Rest of You...

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In the latest political love poem from the national media to Arnold Schwarzenegger, the new edition of Esquire magazine proclaims that the governor is leading the nation into a ¿new kind of politics.¿

The March cover story, ¿The President of 12% of Us,¿ takes a quick tour of recent political goings-on in California en route to [...]

Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert weren't the only funny ones at The Rally  to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on the National Mall Saturday. Here are  some of the signs we spotted throughout the day. God Hates Snuggies I Was Told There'd Be Cookies. We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself, And Spiders. Kitlers Against Hitler Analogies Government Doesn't Suck Real Patriots Drink Whiskey Don't Tread On Anyone That's No Moon Hyperbole Or Instant Death Slogans Are Crap I Stand 4 Good Posture I'm A Veteran. I'm An American. I Am Muslim. I Support The Right To Arm Bears Calm The F*** Down America Fear Is Illogical Just Stop Bickering And Clean This Mess Up THIS FONT IS BIG Going Out Of Business Everything 70-80 Percent Off I Am Moderately Excited For This Stand On The Right, Walk On The Left You Don't Have To Be Nice, Just Don't Be Mean Libraries Are Socialist Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet I thought Neil Young was going to be playing 1 Percent Sane, 98 Percent American, You Do The Math! Olivia Munn Fan (No ...  Really ...) Fear Gives Me A Boehner My Wife Is A Muslim And Not A Terrorist, But I'm Scared Of Her Anyway Abide CAPSLOCK IS NOT PERSUASIVE Festivas For The Rest Of Us I Heart Beck's Album Mellow Gold It Was His Best In My Opinion Senate Math 41 > 59 Yelling Rarely Works ... I Know, I'm A Mom! Don't Stomp On My Head, Bro


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Question: Europe Bans Short Selling, But Will It Work?

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France, Spain, Belgium and Italy decided to ban short selling on some stocks for two weeks. "Some authorities have decided to impose or extend existing short-selling bans in their respective countries," the European Securities and Markets Authority said in a statement. "They have done so either to restrict the benefits that can be achieved from spreading false rumors or to achieve a regulatory level playing field, given the close inter-linkage between some EU markets." Banning short sells is something that the U.S., France, Germany and the U.K. did during the market turmoil of Sept. 2008. Christopher Cox, the former chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, reasoned at the time that the bans were necessary so investors knew the information they were getting about stocks was accurate. But does banning short settle rattled markets? First let's back up a bit. Let's look to Al Jazeera, which put together a very short, but easy to understand video explaining what a naked short sell is: Essentially a short seller borrows stock from someone for a fee, let's say $1. At the time, let's say, a short seller borrows $100 worth of stock. They sell it and hope it drops. Let's say in the next 24 hours, it does indeed drop to $80. They buy new stocks and give them back to whom they lent them from. And suddenly they've just made $19, after they pay back the fee. As you heard in the video, the problem with short selling, some people think, is that it encourages speculation and if hundreds or thousands are doing the same thing, it is a self fulfilling prophecy. The issue is that most economists don't agree. Here's the New York Times with that view:  Financial historians warned that the bans in 2008 did not work and that such measures were often driven more by political concerns — the need to display some form of decisive action — than by proved market theories. "The short-sale ban really smacks of desperation," said Kenneth S. Rogoff, a professor of economics at Harvard. "That's their plan for solving the euro debt crisis? I mean, this isn't going to buy them much time."  Two European economists, Alessandro Beber and Marco Pagano, looked at short selling bans from 2007 to 2009. Their research looked at bans on more than 5,000 stocks in 19 countries after the financial crisis and found that it did not make a difference:  The evidence in this paper suggests that the the knee-jerk reaction of most stock exchange regulators around the globe to the financial crisis – imposing bans or regulatory constraints on short-selling – has been detrimental for market liquidity and price discovery, and at best neutral in its effects on stock prices. The ban-induced decrease of market liquidity is especially serious because it came at a time when bid-ask spreads were already high as a result of the crisis and investors were desperately seeking liquid security markets due to the freeze of many fixed income markets.  Cox, the former U.S. securities regulator who instituted the ban on short sales in the U.S. during the 2008 financial crisis, said in December of that year that he regretted doing so. Reuters reported at the time:  "While the actual effects of this temporary action will not be fully understood for many more months, if not years, knowing what we know now, I believe on balance the commission would not do it again," Cox told Reuters in a telephone interview from the SEC's Los Angeles office late on Tuesday. "The costs appear to outweigh the benefits." Less liquidity in the markets was one of the unintended consequences, experts have said. The SEC imposed the temporary ban under intense pressure from the Federal Reserve and Treasury Department which insisted it was crucial to the short-term survival of these institutions, Cox said.

Good morning, here are our early stories: After Chávez: His 'Revolution' Is Likely To Continue. Storm Brings Season's Heaviest Snowfall To Midwest, Mid-Atlantic. And here are more early headlines: Brennan's CIA Nomination On 'Fast Track'; Vote May Come As Early As Thursday. (AP) Finally! Last Cardinal Expected Soon At Vatican To Help Choose New Pope. (CNN) Could Dow's New Record Prompt More Spending By Wealthy? (Marketwatch) European Union Fines Microsoft For Denying Consumers Web Browser Choice. (Reuters) After Two Years Of Fighting, Syria Has 1 Million Refugees. (Los Angeles Times) Los Angeles City Councilman, Controller, Headed For Mayoral Runoff. (KPCC) Czech Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Under Attack By Hackers. (Reuters) Did The Duchess Of Cambridge Drop A Hint About Her Baby's Gender? (People)


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Question: A Church Divided Over Gay Clergy: Report

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Episcopalians in the Fresno-based Diocese of San Joaquin decide Saturday whether to sever ties with their national denomination and align themselves with an Anglican branch overseas. A vote in favor of a split may lead San Joaquin to become the first diocese in the nation to completely secede from the U.S. church.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.