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Question: Adult ADHD Can't Be Diagnosed With A Simple Screening Test, Doctors Warn

Diagnosing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder can be difficult. The symptoms of the disorder, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, or DSM, have changed multiple times. Even if you know what to look for, many of the symptoms are pretty general, including things like trouble focusing and a tendency to interrupt people. Discerning the difference between people who have a problem and those who are just distracted requires real expertise. Which is why many people were excited when earlier this year a World Health Organization advisory group endorsed a six-question screening test that a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association reported could reliably identify adults with ADHD. A lot of people were intrigued by the seeming simplicity of the screening. We reported on it, including one implication of the study's findings: that there could be a significant population of U.S. adults with undiagnosed ADHD. But that may not be the case, and even if it is, some ADHD researchers say the six-question screening test is not necessarily the simple diagnostic solution its proponents hope it will be. "Despite the questions put out by WHO and mentioned in JAMA, in America if your talents and temperament don't match your goals and aspirations, that incongruity generates a series of feelings or behaviors that match quite nicely the diagnostic criteria in the DSM-V," explains Dr. Lawrence Diller, a behavioral pediatrician and ADHD specialist who has been following trends in ADHD diagnosis and medication since the mid-1990s. For example, he says, some adult patients meet multiple criteria for ADHD, such as inattention, hyperactivity or impulsivity, but may not have the disorder. "So you meet the criteria, but the question is, 'Are your goals realistic for who you are? Or are you trying to do too much?' " he cautions. "I think this culture absolutely encourages people to do too much." Doctors, drug companies and patients Dr. David Goodman, an ADHD specialist at Johns Hopkins University and the Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Center of Maryland, agrees that not everyone who experiences the symptoms of ADHD necessarily suffers from the disorder, and that a simple screening test cannot diagnose it. Diagnosing ADHD in adults takes time, he explains. "The diagnosis gets made in a clinical interview with the patient over the course of an hour or so, tracking the symptoms from childhood into adulthood," Goodman says. ADHD in adults typically occurs with other psychiatric disorders, he says, such as anxiety or mood disorders, "so we need to sort out which disorder accounts for the symptoms." But, Goodman says, he believes there is evidence of a significant population of adults whose lives are being disrupted by ADHD, and who remain undiagnosed. "Children with ADHD grow up into adults with ADHD," he says, citing longitudinal studies by a team in Canada that suggested more than half of children with ADHD continued to experience symptoms as adults. "If you're disorganized, you're confused, you're tardy, you're not following through, you're making a lot of errors, your spouse or partner is going to grow increasingly frustrated," Goodman says. Goodman says simple screening tests can be helpful to identify who those undiagnosed people might be, and encourage them to see a specialist. Alan Schwarz, the author of the book ADHD Nation and a former investigative reporter for The New York Times, has investigated the ties between pharmaceutical companies and doctors. "The six-question screening instrument that was endorsed by the World Health Organization was devised by doctors with a very long history in ADHD research," he says. "These are, generally, men who have been enriched by the pharmaceutical industry in order to churn out research and churn out things like this that merely expand the ADHD market. "What we've seen over the past 10 [to] 20 years is a constant enthusiasm on the part of the ADHD lobby to get more and more adults to consider the possibility that they, too, have ADHD," Schwarz says. Questions about drug company influence on prescribing has dogged the industry for years. A 2015 ProPublica analysis of multiple medical specialties found deep financial ties between the pharmaceutical industry and some doctors. And a recent study found that, in general, doctors who have less contact with drug company representatives are less likely to prescribe the company's brand-name drugs, knowingly or otherwise. Goodman, for one, has disclosed that he has received money from the pharmaceutical company Shire, which makes Adderall, and says that in the last two years he has worked as a scientific consultant for multiple companies that make or are testing drugs to treat ADHD. He says that work helps him "provide the latest insight and clinical care for my patients, who seek me out and appreciate the state-of-the-art care they receive." Advice for patients One thing ADHD experts agree on is that people who

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Guns and God: A Bitter Brew

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Last week, at a private fund raiser in San Francisco, Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) made this remark:  You go into these small towns in Pennsylvania and, like a lot of small towns in the Midwest, the jobs have been gone now for 25 years and nothing's replaced them. And they fell through the Clinton Administration, and the Bush Administration, and each successive Administration has said that somehow these communities are gonna regenerate and they have not. And it's not surprising then they get bitter, they cling to guns or religion or antipathy to people who aren't like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment as a way to explain their frustrations.  Sens. Hillary Clinton (D-NY) and John McCain (R-AZ) couldn't have asked for better fodder. Obama is out of touch with most of America, they said. It was great grist for pundits, bloggers, and editorialists, too. "Senator Obama has had a mostly charmed Presidential run," The Wall Street Journal read, "But the truth is there's much that Americans still don't know about him or what he believes." What have we learned from what Obama said? For one, there is no privacy on the campaign trail. A private fund raiser, closed to the press? Fuhgeddaboudit. His comments raised some questions. Is he right? Should he have said what he said? How long will it take for him to recover? In the first hour, we want to hear from the voters Obama described. If you're gun-totin' and God-fearing, are you bitter? How did you react to what he said?

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: Blurred Red Lines, Cold War Two: Electric Pooty Poot and A Long Hard Trip to Florida.


Question: A Montage Of Passages From

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A montage of passages from three memorable orations by Martin Luther King, beginning and ending with his famous "Letter from a Birmingham Jail," and underscored by songs of the civil rights movement, performed by the SNCC Freedom Singers.

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: At Least 5 Killed As Both Coasts Weather Major Winter Storms

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Updated at 9:20 p.m. ET A powerful storm system is predicted to pull away from the East Coast by Friday night, but not before wind, rain, snow and flooding batter the upper Mid-Atlantic through New England. At least five people have died. Among the victims were two children: a 6-year-old boy in Virginia and an 11-year-old boy in New York state, both killed in their homes by fallen trees. Across the country in Southern California, the region appeared to have dodged significant mudslides in wildfire-stricken areas, after a storm passed through the area without major incident. It is, however, expected to drop several feet of snow on the Sierra Nevadas. In Boston, the National Weather Service warned of a "very dangerous situation" along the eastern Massachusetts coastline, including Boston, with "wind, wave, surf action on top of tides, 4 foot storm surge." The warning remains in effect until early Sunday. Along Boston's waterfront, roads and sidewalks were flooded Friday, closing several roads, reports The Associated Press. Massachusetts Gov. Charlie Baker activated 200 National Guard members to help with the storm. He said the state was "expecting to see more severe flooding issues here than we did in the Jan. 4 storm," when a previous nor'easter hammered the region with snow and rain. "It's not snow, it's rain, but the rain and the wind, at the rates that we're going to deal with it, mixed with potentially snow in the afternoon, could create some really challenging issues for all of us," Baker said. The AP reports that "in Duxbury, south of Boston, officials urged people to evacuate as soon as possible, and the fire department was preparing to use a high water rescue vehicle for the first time to help any residents who wind up stuck in homes during high floodwaters." "This could be one of those storms that goes into the record books," said Kim Buttrick, a National Weather Service meteorologist in Taunton, Mass. "This is a very dangerous storm." A high wind warning remains in effect for Cape Cod, Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard until Saturday morning, with gusts up to 80 mph. By early Friday afternoon, 700,000 customers in Eastern states had lost electricity, the AP reports, with the highest numbers in Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York. High winds also grounded flights throughout the region. By Friday afternoon, FlightAware reported there were thousands of flights cancelled across the country. Its MiseryMap showed most of the misery centered on New York and New England. Widespread nausea was reported on board a flight that landed amid high winds at Dulles International Airport in Virginia on Friday morning. The FAA Tower at Dulles was briefly evacuated Friday. In Washington, D.C., federal workers got the day off Friday, as winds gusting up to 70 mph hit the region. "Travel is dangerous," warned the NWS, "and motorists need to be aware of rapidly changing road conditions due to the potential of downed trees and power lines. Pedestrians will face very hazardous conditions, and need to be aware of wind-borne projectiles." Amtrak cancelled train service Friday along its Northeast Corridor — from Washington, D.C. to Boston — citing "hazardous conditions." In New Jersey and in New York officials warned of moderate coastal flooding into the weekend. Meanwhile, in Southern California, the worst of a major storm passed without triggering new debris flows on slopes denuded by summer wildfires. Up to 30,000 people had been under evacuation orders in foothills of Santa Barbara County, with sheriff's deputies going door to door ordering people to leave. The orders were lifted at 9 a.m. local time Friday. County officials reported minor damage and no damage to utility infrastructure. Flash flood warnings for the area were also lifted early Friday, the AP reports.  " 'Things are going very well,' Suzanne Grimmesey, a spokeswoman for Santa Barbara County, said shortly before dawn. 'The worst of the storm has passed over.' "  It's a favorable outcome from "the biggest storm of the season," as Jim Mathews, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Sacramento, described it to The Los Angeles Times. However, parts of the Sierra Nevada Mountains remain under a winter storm warning, with snowfall reaching up to 20 feet in areas, according to the NWS. Christopher Dean Hopkins and Parth Shah contributed to this story.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Latest On Paris Attacks: French War Planes Keep Pounding ISIS In Syria. -- Advocate: States Can't Shut Doors On Refugees. -- Russian Officials Say Plane Crash Was A Terrorist Act. And here are more early stories: Dozens Arrested In Minnesota After Deadly Police Shooting Of Black Man. (CBS) In Philippines, Obama Promises Maritime Aid To Asia-Pacific Allies. (VOA) Baby Is Last Ebola Patient To Recover, Be Released In Guinea. (BBC) Hundreds Of New U.N. Peacekeepers May Go To C.A.R. Ahead Of Pope's Visit. (AP) Exiled Yemeni President Returns As Anti-Rebel Offensive Continues. (AFP) Several Migrants Killed Off Greece When Boat Capsizes. (AP) From Blizzards To Flooding: Strong U.S. Storms Possible Today. (NWS)


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Question: Lawsuit Reveals Tyson Managers Took Bets On How Many Workers Would Get COVID-19

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NPR's Rachel Martin talks with Clark Kauffman of the Iowa Capital Dispatch about a lawsuit involving Tyson Foods supervisors betting money on the number of workers who would contract COVID-19.

Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: The Reading Railroad

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Sunil Rao fantasizes that reading a book on his Muni commute would broaden his mind and spark a literary revolution. Then again...


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Question: Tatar Men Disappear In Crimea, And Families Fill With Dread

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When Russia took over the Ukrainian peninsula, Crimea, the government said it would respect the rights of ethnic minorities — like the Sunni Muslim Tatars. But some young Tatar men have gone missing, and the disappearances are causing anxiety in Tatar communities.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Dozens Killed By Suicide Bomber In Yemen. -- Pakistan Threatens To Overshadow NATO Summit. -- Eclipse Of The Sun: Did You Fall Into The Ring Of Fire's Path? -- Let's Remember Robin Gibb By Saying It: Bee Gees' Disco Years Were Great. Other stories in the news: -- "White House Visitor Logs Provide Window Into Lobbying Industry," Lobbyists Are "Regular Presence." (The Washington Post) -- "Lockerbie Bomber To Be Buried, Controversy Lives On." (Agence France Presse) -- "Strauss-Kahn Faces 'Gang Rape' Inquiry." (BBC News) -- "Chen Guangcheng's Family And Friends 'Still At Risk' In China." (The Guardian)


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Question: The Marketplace Report: NYSE Pay Package

NPR's Alex Chadwick talks to Marketplace correspondent Tess Vigeland about the ongoing scandal surrounding the chairman of the New York Stock Exchange and his $187-million pay package. More people are calling for him to resign.

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EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: Black Colleges Slam Miss. Governor's Plan To Merge HBCUs

Mississippi Gov. Haley Barbour is being both applauded and scorned over his plan to downscale and merge five publicly-funded universities to addess a $700 million budget shortfall. But the proposal is being especially shunned by those who believe it unfairly puts Mississippi's minority students at a disadvantage. Three of the five schools included in Barbour's plan are historically black colleges — Alcorn State, Mississippi Valley State and Jackson State universities. George E. Ross, the outgoing president of Alcorn State, and Jackson State University president Ronald Mason, Jr., share their strong opposition to the merger and why their campus communities are fighting hard to block the governor's proposal.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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California Songs: Michelle Shocked's "Come A
                Long Way"

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After much globetrotting, Texas-born singer Michelle Shocked has made her home in Los Angeles. Her song "Come A Long Way" is a bittersweet love song to her adopted city, and it takes listeners on a motorcycle odyssey through L.A.'s diverse neighborhoods.

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Set List  "Dimes For Nickels" "Your Love (All That I'm Missing)" "Oil In My Lamp" "Signs & Signifiers" "Fire Bug" "Abigail Blue" "North Side Gal" "Wolf Teeth"


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Question: The Christian Coalition

NPR's Pam Fessler reports on this year's annual conference of the Christian Coalition. Despite a reorganization and financial troubles, the group is still important to the Republican party.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Russian Cosmonaut Returns From Record-Breaking Space Mission

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Cosmonaut Gennady Padalka's safe return from months aboard the International Space Station has put him in the record books for spending more time in space than any other human — the equivalent of nearly two and a half years on five different flights. Padalka, whose latest 168-day stay on the ISS gives him a total of 879 days in space, has smashed the previous record, which was set by fellow Russian Sergei Krikalev in 2005, by two months . "I am fine," he told those gathered at the landing site near the town of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan, as he sipped tea and ate an apple, according to Agence France-Presse. Padalka returned to Earth aboard a Soyuz spacecraft with two others, the European Space Agency's Andreas Mogensen and Aidyn Aimbetov of Kazakhstan. As Space.com reports: "Padalka came up in March with fellow cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko and NASA's Scott Kelly, both of whom are now halfway through an unprecedented yearlong orbital mission. Researchers are studying how Kornienko and Kelly adapt physiologically and psychologically to long-duration spaceflight, in an attempt to pave the way for crewed journeys to Mars and other distant destinations." Padalka, 57, flew his first mission aboard Soyuz in 1998. He has commanded the ISS four times. According to The Guardian, the cosmonaut said before his latest flight blasted off in March that he would like to try for at least one more mission to reach 1,000 days in space. The newspaper quotes cosmonaut Yuri Baturin, with whom Padalka traveled to the Mir space station on his first mission, as saying that extended stays in space stretch out the spine, atrophy the muscles and decrease bone density, making it hard to readjust back on Earth. "It's not so much the hardships of working with other crew members, but rather that you're cut off from your family, from your home, and for a very long time," Baturin told the Guardian. "Gennady is a real professional. He loves his work, and when a person loves his work, time doesn't drag on. He deals with [psychological challenges] through his work."

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It's Friday, and here are some of the stories we're watching: Egypt's 'Smooth Military Coup' Protested. Last Suspect In 1995 Sarin Attack Arrested In Tokyo. Forest Boy Is A Hoax, Police Say. Prosecutors Rest Their Case In Sandusky Sex Assaults Trial. (Philadelphia Inquirer) Britain Proposes Expanding Individual Data Tracking, Critics Slam Its Intrusiveness. (Telegraph) Democracy Activist Aung San Suu Kyi Falls Ill Briefly, Resumes European Tour. (Reuters) Spain's Debt Rises Sharply In The First Quarter, Up 30 Percentage Points Since 2008. (Wall Street Journal) International Criminal Court Swears In Gambian Lawyer As Top Prosecutor, First Woman To Hold Position. (CNN) China To Launch First Female Astronaut Into Space Tomorrow. (AP) Tropical Storm Carlotta Poised To Become Hurricane Off Mexico's Pacific Coast. (AP) In Sports: Tiger Tied For Second, Miami Ties Up NBA Finals.


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House Approves Budget

NPR's Peter Kenyon reports that the House approved a 520 billion dollar spending bill last night that will fund much of the federal government for this fiscal year. The Senate is scheduled to vote on the measure today.

UC Regents Discuss Executive Pay. Ballot Measure to Crack Down on Sex Offenders. End Music.


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Question: Should Gun Owners Have To Buy Liability Insurance?

Note: We originally published a version of this post a few weeks ago. We are republishing it now to coincide with our story airing today on Morning Edition. All kinds of proposals to reduce gun violence have been floated recently. One idea that has gotten the attention of economists is liability insurance. Most states require car owners to have liability insurance to cover damages their vehicles cause to others; some economists think we should require the same of gun owners. We reached out to a few economists to get their thoughts. Justin Wolfers, professor of economics and public policy at the University of Michigan, wrote:  The real problem with gun ownership is that they involve "externalities," which is economist-speak for the fact that your gun may be used to hurt others. For instance, when Nancy Lanza purchased her Bushmaster AR-15, she probably weighed the benefits of owning the gun — the joy of ownership — with the price (about $800). But it's unlikely she considered the loss, pain and grief that might follow if it were used by her son to kill 26 innocents. When people fail to consider the broader social costs of choices like buying a gun, they're more likely to do them, and society suffers. The economic answer is simple: Make potential gun owners take account of these potential social costs. One way to do this would be to charge an annual license fee for each gun you keep. Research by economists Phil Cook and Jens Ludwig suggests that the typical social cost of one more gun-owning household is somewhere between $100 and $1,800 per year. While that's a wide range, if we set a gun ownership license fee this high, it would force gun owners to face the true social costs of their choices, which would lead many fewer to buy guns. Another even more powerful approach is to recognize that the problem isn't guns per se, but gun violence. Thus, instead of taxing guns, we should tax gun violence. Basically, this is the same as saying that we should make gun owners liable for any damage their guns do. Not only would this discourage some people from buying guns, it would lead those who do keep guns to be more careful with how they're stored. Indeed, greater care would surely have kept Adam Lanza out of his mother's cache. The problem, though, is that Nancy Lanza is neither with us to pay the damages her gun caused, nor could she afford to pay for the enormous damage her gun wrought in Newtown. And so the only way this solution works is if guns required mandatory liability insurance, much as we force car owners to buy insurance for the damage their machines wreak. It's the sort of careful solution that would enable people who enjoy hunting to continue with their passions, but also push them to take the sorts of precautions that we all wish the Lanza household had taken. If the gun lobby were smart, and if they really are interested in being socially responsible while keeping their weapons, they would be pushing hard for this sort of policy.  Next, Russ Roberts, a research fellow at the Hoover Institution and host of EconTalk:  Is it a good idea to require gun owners to purchase liability insurance that would cover damages caused by the guns they own? In the wake of the Newtown tragedy, such policies seem like nothing more than common sense. The cost of the insurance would deter some from owning guns or at least from owning an arsenal, as the cost of insurance would presumably rise with the size of one's collection. And there is a certain logic to requiring insurance. When a person purchases a gun, she may not consider the possible harm that might come to others from the eventual use of the gun. Adding the cost of insurance might make the purchaser bear the full cost of the gun in the future, which could easily exceed the purchase itself. After all, registering a car requires insurance on the grounds that cars can cause involuntary harm to others. The insurance forces the driver to bear those costs that might come to pass that are borne by others in an accident. But the logic is not quite as neat as it might appear. Many people already buy and own guns illegally without license or registration. Adding the cost of insurance would further discourage honest gun ownership. That would make matters worse, not better. And is it so obvious that all guns are harmful to others and that gun ownership should be made more expensive to every owner? When an honest, law-abiding citizen uses a gun in self-defense, it often protects those nearby who are unarmed. Perhaps gun ownership should be subsidized for honest people. I don't think this is a good idea, but raising the cost of gun ownership, particularly for good and honest people who are likely to use a gun only in self-defense, is not a free lunch. What is really behind the call for liability insurance is the natural urge to make it harder for people to own guns. Such a law might do some good if it made dishonest and violent people less likely to own guns. But liability insur

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: 300-Year-Old San José Shipwreck Making Waves In Colombia

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The San José, a Spanish ship carrying 600 people and an estimated $10 billion worth of treasure – sank on June 8, 1708, somewhere near Colombia. That was the last it was heard of until this weekend, when Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos announced “Great news: we found the galleon San José!” The discovery, Santos said, was made on November 27, and he called it one of the “biggest findings and identification of underwater heritage in the history of humanity.” History professor Carla Rahn Phillips, who wrote the 2011 book “The Treasure of the San José: Death at Sea in the War of the Spanish Succession,” joins Here & Now’s Eric Westervelt to talk about the San José and its historical significance. [Youtube] Guest

Carla Rahn Phillips, professor of history at the University of Minnesota and author of “The Treasure of the San Jose.”

Stories: 1) The Surprisingly Social Gray Whale 2) Hemingway's 'Feast' On The Move Into New Edition


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Question: Muslim Woman Sues OC Sheriff's Department Over Headscarf Removal

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Adolfo Guzman-Lopez: An observant Muslim woman alleges in a federal lawsuit filed today that Orange County Sheriff's deputies unlawfully forced her to remove her headscarf while she was in custody. KPCC's Adolfo Guzman-Lopez reports.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


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Question: Jobs Abound In Energy Industry's New Boom Time

Part of a series Economists say many industries are looking up this year. But perhaps none has a better outlook than the energy sector. New drilling technologies and rising fuel prices have generated a boom in drilling — and lots of high-paying jobs for people with the skills to work in the oil patch. On some college campuses, companies are so eager to find petroleum engineers that they are offering jobs to students even before they have graduated. At the Colorado School of Mines in Golden, Chris Enger is among the seniors who are being sought out by employers. "I feel very lucky and very glad I chose engineering," he says, "and specifically petroleum engineering." Set to graduate with a bachelor's degree this May, Enger already has a job lined up with EOG Resources, a Texas-based oil and gas company. "I've got friends on other campuses who may not have jobs and are considering pursuing a graduate degree, which seems to be a lot of people's options when they can't find a job," he says. At the School of Mines, graduates in petroleum engineering don't have to run up debt in graduate school. Their average starting salary? Nearly $79,000. Students are flocking to the field — and to colleges like this one, which has a nearly perfect job-placement rate for graduating seniors. Professor Bill Eustes teaches a drilling class in which students learn how to design the piping in an oil and gas well to prevent explosions. A decade ago, there were only 21 students in his class. Today, there are about 160. "When the [oil] prices climb, we typically see the number of students build also," he says. "Why? Because the jobs are there." The need for young workers is especially intense now because many of the people who entered the oil business during the 1970s oil boom are retiring. At the same time, new drilling techniques are making it possible to get oil and gas from shale. That new supply is boosting demand for workers. "If you would have told me 10 years ago that a shale would have been a gas reserve, I would have gone, 'You're crazy.' But they found a way to do it," Eustes says. "So we've got the technology improving; we've got these new reserves opening up; we've got this crew change coming up — all of these things have conspired to require people." Jessica Lambdin is a recruiter for Encana Corp., which has traditionally been a natural-gas powerhouse. But because natural gas prices are down and oil prices are up, the company is now shifting its focus to recovering so-called unconventional oil. The reason, she says, is that "we're really innovative, and students have a really strong desire to bring that to a corporation. And that's really important currently, in today's economy." Encana is one of dozens of companies actively recruiting at the Colorado School of Mines and at similar schools from Texas to Montana. A recent career fair on the campus drew more than half the student body. Companies came back the next day and conducted 1,000 interviews. Ali Amacki, a junior from Oman, says there's a buzz among his petroleum-engineering classmates. The new technology means the industry is no longer generating just traditional jobs involving oil derricks. "Easy oil is gone," Amacki says. "People have been producing easy oil for decades now. Now we are the hard oil generation." STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:  Republican candidates and President Obama alike are talking about climbing gas prices. At the same time, some people are gaining from the growing demand for energy. Oil production in the United States has reached its highest levels in years. New technologies have accelerated drilling, which has led to more jobs - so many jobs, that companies struggle to fill them. Some companies are offering jobs to college students before they have even graduated. And so we begin a look at improving parts of the economy with the oil industry. From member station KUNC, Kirk Siegler starts our series Looking Up. KIRK SIEGLER, BYLINE: These days, you don't hear of a lot of college seniors in Chris Angar's comfortable position. CHRIS ANGAR: Yeah, I feel very lucky and very glad I chose engineering, and specifically petroleum engineering. SIEGLER: Set to graduate with a bachelor's degree from the Colorado School of Mines this May, Angar already has a job lined up with EOG Resources, a Texas-based oil and gas company. ANGAR: I've got friends on other campuses who may not have jobs and are considering pursuing a graduate degree, which seems to be a lot of people's option when they can't find a job. SIEGLER: The average starting salary for School of Mines grads in petroleum engineering jobs today: $78,000. So it's no surprise that students are flocking to the field - and to college campuses like this one - which has a nearly perfect job placement rate for graduating seniors. BILL EUSTES: It's Friday morning, time for a train wreck. OK? (SOUNDBITE OF CHEERING) SIEGLER: In Professor Bill Eustes' drilling class, students are learning how to design the piping in

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Supreme Court Puts White House's Carbon Pollution Limits On Hold. -- South Korea Shutting Down Joint Industrial Park In North Korea. And here are more early headlines: Fed Chair Yellen To Discuss Economy On Capitol Hill. (AP) Senate Wrangles Over Criminal Justice Reform Bill. (The Hill) Obama To Address Illinois Lawmakers. (KTVI-TV) While The East Gets Snow, Los Angeles Bakes In Heat. (AccuWeather) Japan's Nikkei Average Falls Again Sharply, After Tuesday Plunge. (Reuters) Rare Big Surf Event Declared "On" In Hawaii. (KHON-TV) Could Gas Prices In Some Regions Fall Below $1 A Gallon? (USA Today) Amazon Terms For New Game Don't Apply In Case Of Zombies. (New Republic)


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Question: Fossilized Feathers Hint At Dinosaur Color

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Dinosaurs are often portrayed as a drab green or grey, but some may have been much brighter. Reporting in Science, Jakob Vinther and colleagues analyzed the fossilized feathers of 150-million-year-old dinosaur Anchiornis huxleyi and found its plumage was surprisingly flashy. Watch the Science Friday video. IRA FLATOW, host:  Up next, Flora Lichtman and our Video Pick of the Week. Hi, Flora.  FLORA LICHTMAN: Hi, Ira.  FLATOW: What have we got? Something cool this week, too, as always.  LICHTMAN: Double feature.  FLATOW: Double feature.  LICHTMAN: Double feature this week.  FLATOW: Thats one thing, you know, we never hear in the movies anymore.  LICHTMAN: Yeah, were giving you a two-for-one.  FLATOW: Yeah. This is where I came in.  LICHTMAN: I mean  two for two.  (Soundbite of laughter)  FLATOW: What have we got?  LICHTMAN: Okay. Up first, we have  I mean, I daresay its a myth buster.  FLATOW: A myth buster?  LICHTMAN: Kind of. That might be a stretch, okay. So its a new research about dinosaurs.  FLATOW: Mm-hmm.  LICHTMAN: And when we look, you know, when you see a movie or watch a TV show, dinosaurs are always a sort of drab, brown or gray...  FLATOW: Right.  LICHTMAN: ...or green. But it may not be so, at least for some feathered dinosaurs, according to this new study in the journal Science.  FLATOW: Mm-hmm. Because we now believe that birds were descendants of dinosaurs...  LICHTMAN: Right.  FLATOW: ...or actually are dinosaurs, if they believe them.  LICHTMAN: Right, that birds came from these sort of two-legged winged dinos...  FLATOW: Mm-hmm.  LICHTMAN: ...that may not have been flying but had feathers or feather-like structures. So this group at Yale and in China, the lead author, or one of the authors is Jakob Vinther. He looked at this 150-million-year-old dinosaur fossil under a scanning electron microscope, and he saw these tiny organelles that hold melanin, which is the pigment thats in our hair and colors our skin.  FLATOW: Mm-hmm.  LICHTMAN: And using this technology or looking at these organelles, you can tell what color the dinosaur was.  FLATOW: Wow, because the birds today have the same sort of pigmentation in them.  LICHTMAN: Yeah, thats right.  FLATOW: Wow. And he found some gorgeous colors, didnt he?  LICHTMAN: Yeah, theyre really flashy. I mean, theyre way sort of jazzier than you might expect.  (Soundbite of laughter)  FLATOW: And so weve got those pictures...  LICHTMAN: Yes, you can see the recreation of this dinosaur on our Web site.  FLATOW: Our Video Pick of the Week at ScienceFriday.com, up there in the left-hand corner, thats our dinosaur. All right, whats the second?  LICHTMAN: Okay, the second one is a very ultramodern, super high-tech adaptation of Shakespeare. This is...  FLATOW: Whoa.  LICHTMAN: ...courtesy of a grad student at Texas AMU, Kevin Pratt. He sent along this video footage of A Midsummer Nights Dream and it is not only comprised of humans.  FLATOW: Whoa.  LICHTMAN: Whoa. There are robots playing...  FLATOW: Oh.  LICHTMAN: ...playing the fairies, and...  FLATOW: Really, robots?  LICHTMAN: Yeah, and theyre dressed up in tutus. Its adorable. Its really cute.  FLATOW: You know, if you cant find people to be in the movie, make an avatar, so to speak.  LICHTMAN: Right, right, right. And, you know, theyre flying around. And one of the funny things he said is that, you know, in the field they use these robots for disaster relief, and so theyre  they have all these safety precautions about how to operate them. But the actors were kind of like, oh, cool, and would just sort of yank them out of the air and throw them around. So it was a good testing ground for how people interact with these robots.  FLATOW: And so how long - do they actually act out the words of Shakespeare?  LICHTMAN: Unfortunately, they do not have speaking parts.  (Soundbite of laughter)  FLATOW: Shakespeares rolling over.  LICHTMAN: Yes.  FLATOW: How can you have Shakespeare without a speaking part?  LICHTMAN: Well, the people do the speaking.  FLATOW: I see. I see.  LICHTMAN: The robots do mostly flying around the stage.  FLATOW: I see. And so you put the video together. And we always ask people for the videos.  LICHTMAN: Yeah. So this is a great example of a user-submitted  one of our listeners hearing the show and submitting this cool science-and-arts video.  FLATOW: What, do we have a name for this video?  LICHTMAN: I think its robots, or bots take on the bard.  FLATOW: Ooh...  LICHTMAN: You know, bard...  FLATOW: ...you were up all night thinking about that.  LICHTMAN: Yeah, thats true.  (Soundbite of laughter)  FLATOW: Bots take on the bard.  LICHTMAN: Right.  FLATOW: And with that, we have the colorful dinosaurs. So...  LICHTMAN: Yeah, and the colorful dinosaurs.  FLATOW: So weve got a two-for this week on SCIENCE FRIDAY Video Pick of the Week. Thank you, Flora.  LICHTMAN: Thanks, Ira.  FLATOW: Up there on ScienceFriday.com  also, you can download it in our iPhone apps if you want to watch the vid

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Stories: 1) The American Behind The 2008 Attack On Mumbai 2) Degas' Nudes Depict The Awkwardness Of Real Life


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Question: In New Book, Uber Whistleblower Takes On Silicon Valley

David Greene talks to Susan Fowler about her new book Whistleblower, concerning her time at ride-hailing company Uber, and what led her to write publicly about what she experienced there.

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Good morning, here are some of the stories we're looking at this morning: Space Shuttle Discovery Is On Its Last Flight. Mass Killer In Norway Declares 'I Would Have Done It Again'. Did Obama's Policies Help, Or Hinder, The Economy? GSA Inspector General Is Investigating Possible Bribes, Kickbacks. (Washington Post) African Union Says Suspends Guinea Bissau After Coup. (Reuters) UN Chief: Observers Say Syrian Ceasefire Generally Observed. (Dow Jones) Wikileaks Founder Julian Assange Interviews Hezbollah Leader In TV Premiere. (AP) Google Fined $25,000 For 'Willfully' Stonewalling FCC. (WTSP-TV) Welding-Caused Fire At Idaho National Laboratory Prompts Evacuations. (AP) Bruins Goalie Tim Thomas Greeted By Obama Masks. (USA Today)


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Question: Storm-Weary Philippines Slammed By Powerful Super Typhoon

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A powerful super typhoon pounded the coast of the Philippines late Wednesday, and aid groups say they are preparing for possible wide-scale damage. Super Typhoon Haima unleashed maximum sustained winds of 140 mph, with gusts reaching up to 195 mph. It made landfall at about 11 p.m. local time on Wednesday in Peñablanca, in the northern tip of the country, according to the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. "Many villages lost power and intense winds tore tin roofs off houses," The Associated Press reported, and thousands of residents evacuated impacted areas in the north of the country. "Officials were concerned because the powerful typhoon struck at night and is expected to hit towns and cities amid power outages." Six provinces in the north of the country are under the highest possible storm warning, the news service adds. It says this means "powerful winds could inflict 'very heavy to widespread damage' and whip up storm surges of up to five meters (16 feet), enough to engulf shanties in many rural communities." The Philippines frequently experiences typhoons. In 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed more than 6,000 people — it was one of the strongest storms ever recorded at landfall, as NPR reported. The Philippine Red Cross said that "coming in [days] after Typhoon Karen and just a month after Typhoon Ferdie, [Haima] is expected to cross almost the same path as the two [typhoons] before it, and is expected to cause landslides, flooding and displacement families." The group said it is on "high alert" and has called in all their volunteers, responders and rescuers to help. Concern is also mounting about how the storm could impact the country's food supply. The Red Cross says Haima is projected to move through central Luzon, home to most of the country's rice fields. "The country's major river and catch basins are also located in Luzon, which could overflow if heavy rains continue," the Red Cross added. Ned Olney, Save the Children's country director, said that "Typhoon Haima is bearing down on the northern Philippines and looks capable of causing significant damage to homes, and community infrastructure." He said the aid agency is particularly concerned about the storm's impact on children. This graphic, from government forecaster PAGASA, shows the storm's expected path. It's expected to cross the northern tip of the country before moving into the South China Sea on Thursday. Haima is then projected to rapidly lose power over China's mainland.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- London Tube Explosion: 19 People Taken To The Hospital After Attack On Train. -- Cassini's Saturn Mission Goes Out In A Blaze Of Glory. -- Harvard Withdraws Fellowship Invitation To Chelsea Manning. And here are more early headlines: Rights Group Claims Myanmar Coordinating Rohingya Purge. (Time) FTC The Latest To Investigate Equifax Breach. (CNBC) Hurricane Max Hits Mexico; T.S. Jose May Strengthen. (NHC) Typhoon Crashes Into Vietnam. (VOA) Cambodia Wants U.S. Peace Corps To Leave. (Reuters) Researchers Seek To Revive "Old Words". (BBC)


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Question: Carbondale Limits Number of Residents Per Square Foot

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Many towns and counties across the country are enacting stricter laws regulating how many people can live together in a home. Often, these measures are driven by an influx of immigrants who are crowding into homes and apartments so it's more affordable for them. Now, Carbondale, home to a large number of Latino immigrants, has begun enforcing its own anti-crowding measure. Aspen Public Radio's Sarah Hughes reports for KCFR News.

State Finances in the Black at $3.1 Billion. More Californians Traveling Abroad for Essential Surgeries. End Music.


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Question: Here and Now for Tuesday, February 13, 2007

Congress begins debate on a non-binding resolution that would support the troops in Iraq but oppose sending more. We speak with Gail Chaddock of The Christian Science Monitor.

Virgin Galactic, the space era spin-off of Virgin Atlantic, plans to send tourists on sub-orbital flights within the next three years.

Iran's influence in the Middle East has grown in recent years. Is this due to Iran or the war in Iraq? Guest: Anthony Shadid, The Washington Post.

Mitt Romney goes to Michigan to announce he'll run for president. We look at Mitt Romney's Michigan ties with Nolan Finley of the Detroit News.

We look back on the short and remarkable life of Hanley Denning, who helped raise money to educate the children whose families made their livings picking through the trash.

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A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: Historic Ships Struggle To Stay Afloat

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The USS Olympia in Philadelphia helped defeat the Spanish flotilla at the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898. Now, the ship needs a new steward and $10 million in repairs.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Ebola Stricken Nurse Appears Well In Video. -- Hong Kong Police Launch Dawn Raid To Dismantle Protest Site. And here are more early headlines: Russia Criticizes Talks With Ukrainian, European Leaders. (NBC) Monster Hurricane Gonzalo Sweeps Close To Bermuda. (NHC) Hawaii To Be Brushed This Weekend By Hurricane. (Central Pacific Hurricane Center) At Least 29 Hikers Killed By Nepal Blizzard, Avalanches. (Radio New Zealand) Opposition In Mozambique Claims Election Fraud. (BBC) Pakistani Court Upholds Woman's Blasphemy Death Sentence. (New York Times) Japanese Leader Sends Gift To Controversial Shrine, Angering China. (Businessweek) Cambodian Genocide Trial Restarts Against Khmer Rouge Leaders. (Wall Street Journal) Kayakers Block Australian Port In Environmental Protest. (Guardian) "Old Ironsides", Oldest Floating U.S. Commissioned Warship, To Be Restored. (AP)


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Double Take 'Toons: Streets Swept?

Occupy Wall Street protests have been cleared from New York to Los Angeles. Joel  Pett believes the movement's message will require endurance, but Rick McKee  would say indulgence.

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Bleephole, Hawaii Def-con 5-0, Fly Nervous Like The Rest Of Us, Doritas, Two Facedbook, Do You Hear What Yanni Hear?


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Question: Weekly Innovation: A Seat That Fits In Your Pocket

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If you're traveling this holiday season, you'll inevitably be doing a lot of standing around. Whether it's standing in an airport security line or waiting at a crowded gate, it would be nice to take a load off in the midst of the travel rush. Better yet, pulling a "seat" out of your back pocket sounds pretty convenient. The Danish company Mono+Mono recently introduced the Sitpack, a compact seat shaped like a monopod that literally fits in your pocket when folded up. The product has raised over 812,000 kroner (nearly $137,000) on Kickstarter with three days to go in its campaign. Folded up, the Sitpack is 6.6 inches tall and 2.6 inches in diameter. To extend it, the user must pull out both sides of the horizontal seat and pull down on the monopod. The Sitpack is height-adjustable and can extend to about 34 inches. The seat itself, when extended, is 13 inches in diameter and supports up to 286 pounds. Creator Jonas Lind-Bendixen says the idea for the Sitpack came four years ago, when he was waiting impatiently for a band to take the stage at a concert. He realized that people are often left standing for long periods of time, leading to an aching back and legs. "I've been doing sports most of my life, and through the sports I've accumulated various small injuries in my knees, back and so forth," Lind-Bendixen says. "All this waiting that you expect when you go to watch sports, go shopping with your girlfriends or travel. You wait for several hours at a time, which can be quite uncomfortable." The final product will be made entirely out of the same type of plastic used in bulletproof glass and some Legos. When sitting on the device, the user must keep her feet on the ground. Some balancing is involved, but Lind-Bendixen explains that it doesn't take much effort and supports correct posture. "If you take a normal chair ... 25 percent of your body weight from the legs [down] is on the ground," he says. "So 25 percent of your body weight is not on the seat. And with the Sitpack, because you're so high, it's more like 60 percent of your body weight on top of the Sitpack, so you don't sit with all of your weight on it. You move all the small muscles, and you can keep your energy levels higher, especially when you wait three hours in the same spot. You can use it and stay more energized throughout the day." But we've all heard that too much sitting is bad for our health. So why would we want to enable our urge to take a rest? "It is better to stand up than sit down," Lind-Bendixen acknowledges. "But the thing is for how long is it better to stand up? When you stand up for a long time, it's inevitable that your lower back will start aching. Your body is tired, and gravity does take its toll on everybody, so you need to sit down at one point. This kind of bridges the gap between sitting and standing all the time." He says, based on responses on Kickstarter, people see a variety of uses for the Sitpack. "We have people from Japan, from China, from Australia, people who hunt, people who are watching their kids play soccer every Sunday," Lind-Bendixen says. "People with chronic illnesses who see the product as a huge value for them." Lind-Bendixen says the developers plan to have the product ready for sale by April. Sitpack will sell at an estimated $50 to $55. In our "Weekly Innovation" blog series, we explore an interesting idea, design or product that you may not have heard of yet. Do you have an innovation to share? Use this quick form. Samantha Raphelson is a digital news intern at NPR.org. You can reach out to her on Twitter.

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Stories: 1) U.S. Military Searches For A Device To Stop IEDs 2) Matchmaker, Matchmaker ... Run Your Algorithm 3) Thelonious Monk: Making The Piano Hum


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Question: Culinary Memoir Shares Spice of Sichuanese Cuisine

Fuchsia Dunlop, a British cookbook writer and an expert on Chinese food, was the first Westerner to study cooking at the Sichuan Higher Institute of Cuisine in the western Chinese city of Chengdu, back in the 1990s. All Things Considered will be broadcasting from Chengdu for a week later this month, from May 19 to 23. Shark's Fin and Sichuan Pepper is Dunlop's food memoir of those years in China. Sichuanese food, Dunlop writes, is "the Spice Girl among Chinese cuisines, bold and lipsticked, with a witty tongue and a thousand lively moods." She extols its simple joys: Unlike Cantonese or Shandong food, Sichuanese cooking doesn't require extravagant raw ingredients. "This is the greatness of Sichuanese cuisine, to make the ordinary extraordinary," Dunlop writes in her book. She speaks with Melissa Block about the ordinary and inexpensive restaurants she frequented during her time in Chengdu, as well as the tingly, lip-numbing taste of Sichuan pepper — the key ingredient in Sichuanese cooking. Dunlop also tells of a hot pot dinner that made her body run with sweat, and tells Block which dishes she should be sure to sample while visiting Sichuan province: Gong Bao (Kung Pao) Chicken and Twice-Cooked Pork. Even though these dishes are available at practically any Chinese restaurant anywhere in the world, what Block will taste in Sichuan will probably be a "revelation," Dunlop says. This dish, also known as Kung Pao chicken, has the curious distinction of having been labeled as politically incorrect during the Cultural Revolution. It is named after a late Qing Dynasty (late nineteenth century) governor of Sichuan, Ding Baozhen, who is said to have particularly enjoyed eating it — gong bao was his official title. No one can quite agree on the details of its origins: some say it was a dish Ding Baozhen brought with him from his home province of Guizhou; others that he ate it in a modest restaurant when he went out in humble dress to observe the real lives of his subjects; still others, rather implausibly, that his chef invented the finely chopped chicken dish because Ding Baozhen had bad teeth. Whatever the truth of its origins, its association with an imperial bureaucrat was enough to provoke the wrath of the Cultural Revolution radicals, and it was renamed "fast-fried chicken cubes" (hong bao ji ding) or "chicken cubes with seared chiles" (hu la ji ding) until its political rehabilitation in the 1980s. Gong Bao chicken is beautiful to look at: a glorious medley of chicken flesh, golden peanuts and bright red chiles. The sauce is based on a light sweet-and-sour, pepped up with a deep chile spiciness and a trace of Sichuan pepper that will make your lips tingle pleasantly. The ingredients are all cut in harmony, the chicken in small cubes and the scallion in short pieces to complement the peanuts. The chicken should be just cooked and wonderfully succulent; the nuts are added at the very last minute so they keep their crispness. Serves 2 as a main dish with a simple stir-fried vegetable and rice, 4 as part of a Chinese meal with three other dishes 2 boneless chicken breasts, with or without skin (about 2/3 pound total) 3 cloves of garlic and an equivalent amount of fresh ginger 5 scallions, white parts only 2 tablespoons peanut oil a generous handful of dried red chiles (at least 10), preferably Sichuanese 1 teaspoon whole Sichuan pepper 2/3 cup roasted unsalted peanuts For the marinade: 1/2 teaspoon salt 2 teaspoons light soy sauce 1 teaspoon Shaoxing rice wine or medium-dry sherry 1 1/2 teaspoons potato flour or 2 1/4 teaspoons cornstarch 1 tablespoon water For the sauce: 3 teaspoons sugar 3/4 teaspoon potato flour or 1 1/8 teaspoons cornstarch 1 teaspoon dark soy sauce 1 teaspoon light soy sauce 3 teaspoons Chinkiang or black Chinese vinegar 1 teaspoon sesame oil 1 tablespoon chicken stock or water 1. Cut the chicken as evenly as possible into 1/2-inch strips and then cut these into small cubes. Place in a small bowl and mix in the marinade ingredients. 2. Peel and thinly slice the garlic and ginger, and chop the scallions into chunks as long as their diameter (to match the chicken cubes). Snip the chiles in half or into 2-inch sections. Wearing rubber gloves, discard as many seeds as possible. 3. Combine the sauce ingredients in a small bowl — if you dip your finger in, you can taste the sweet-sour base of the gong bao flavor. 4. Season the wok, then add 2 tablespoons of oil and heat over a high flame. When the oil is hot but not yet smoking, add the chiles and Sichuan pepper and stir-fry briefly until they are crisp and the oil is spicy and fragrant. Take care not to burn the spices (you can remove the wok from the heat if necessary to prevent overheating). 5. Quickly add the chicken and fry over a high flame, stirring constantly. As soon as the chicken cubes have separated, add the ginger, garlic, and scallions and continue to stir-fry for a few minutes until they are fragrant and the meat is cooked through (

Stories: 1) Turning Poverty Into A Multibillion-Dollar Industry 2) John Prine: Midwestern Mind Trips To The Nth Degree


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Question: Is There a Legitimate $500 Massage?

Rumors have been swirling about an escort service in Washington, D.C. that counts some high-profile Washingtonians as clients. The owner says the $500 massages she offered were legitimate.

May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

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For example, ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Monsanto has rejected a $62 billion takeover bid from Bayer as "incomplete and financially inadequate," but left the door open to further negotiations with the German chemical and pharmaceutical giant. "We believe in the substantial benefits an integrated strategy could provide to growers and broader society, and we have long respected Bayer\'s business," Monsanto Chairman and CEO Hugh Grant said in a statement. "However, the current proposal significantly undervalues our company and also does not adequately address or provide reassurance for some of the potential financing and regulatory execution risks related to the acquisition." The statement appears to signal that St. Louis-based Monsanto is open to further talks with Bayer but, as was widely expected, wants more money and better terms before it accepts a deal. The seed company also left the ball in Bayer\'s court, saying it wouldn\'t make any further statements. In the meantime, it said, no guarantee exists that a deal will be reached. Monsanto\'s decision to hold out for more money means Bayer will be forced to sweeten its terms, which likely won\'t sit well with investors. Many are already said to be worried about the impact of a deal on Bayer\'s bottom line, and shares of the company fell Monday after details of the offer were announced. A merger between the companies would create the world\'s largest supplier of seeds and agricultural chemicals. Monsanto is also a leader in the field of genetically modified seeds. But a slowdown in commodity prices and a drop in farm income have hurt the company, Bloomberg reported:  "Despite its preeminence in seeds, Monsanto has become vulnerable to a takeover as a number of problems piled up this year. The company has cut its earnings forecast, clashed with some of the world\'s largest commodity-trading companies and become locked in disputes with the governments of Argentina and India."  Bayer had no immediate comment about Monsanto\'s rejection of the bid.'] should be similar to ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', "Monsanto Calls Bayer's $62 Billion Takeover Offer 'Financially Inadequate'"]

What better way to celebrate the life and legacy of Sen. Edward Kennedy than with the latest installment of ScuttleButton. A tawdry way to get us to this week's puzzle, but that's to be expected of me. More important, do you remember how to play the game? Simply take one word (or concept) per button, add 'em up, and, hopefully, you will arrive at a famous name or a familiar expression. (And seriously, by familiar, I mean it's something that more than one person on Earth would recognize.) And don't focus on a political answer. It doesn't necessarily have to be political, though it could be. A correct answer chosen at random gets his or her name in this column. Personally, I can't imagine a greater honor. You can't use the comments box at the bottom of the page for your answer. Send submission (plus your name and city/state -- you won't win without that) to politicaljunkie@npr.org. Here's the answer to our last puzzle, which was posted Aug. 14, shortly before my furlough week. And, by adding your name to the Political Junkie mailing list, you will be the first on your block to receive notice when a new puzzle goes up on the blog. Sign up at politicaljunkie@npr.org. Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new Junkie post goes up by clicking here. Good luck, and happy Friday!

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: It's a Bird! It's A Plane! It's Amazon!; The Holy Doorman; Father Stealthmas.


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Question: Coronavirus Drives Away Volunteers Just As They're Needed Most

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Social service providers that rely on volunteers are having to scale back operations, just as more Americans are coming to them for help. Julio Alonso, executive director and CEO of the Hoosier Hills Food Bank in Bloomington, Ind., says students from nearby Indiana University usually help pack and distribute food, but they've been sent home because of the pandemic.  "In addition to those student groups, a lot of businesses come on a regular basis and volunteer for us as groups, and that has pretty much gone out the window," Alonso said. He added that even if such groups were available, they can't have too many people working together safely in their warehouse. So the food bank has completely revamped its operation. Staffers now hand out prepackaged groceries to people who drive up in their cars, instead of allowing them to come inside and select their food. The food bank has also limited warehouse access to the 100 pantries, programs and other agencies that help distribute its food. Alonso says some of those groups have had to scale back, too. After-school programs have shut down, as have a few smaller, faith-based operations. "A lot of the volunteers that they used are folks in their 60s, 70s, even 80s who are at risk," he said. Social service providers around the country are feeling a similar squeeze, as they try to keep both clients and volunteers safe while facing a growing demand. Katie Fitzgerald, the chief operating officer for Feeding America, says their 200 food bank network has seen a huge increase — more than 60% — in the number of people showing up for help in recent weeks. But the number of volunteers has also dropped by 60%. On top of that, donations from grocery stores and other suppliers have dried up because of a spike in consumer demand. "For the emergency charitable food system in the United States, this is truly a perfect storm," she said.   Some states are trying to fill the volunteer gap by calling in the National Guard. Others are turning to the 75,000 members of AmeriCorps. Samantha Jo Warfield, a spokesperson for the Corporation for National and Community Service, which operates the program, says many members had been working in schools that have shut down. They're now helping with food distribution. Others are manning emergency call centers, distributing homeless assistance or providing virtual aid by counseling students online. Warfield says Senior Corps volunteers, who are 55 and older, have also shifted away from their usual in-person activities, like taking other seniors shopping or to their doctors' appointments. She says instead, "they might be doing phone calls to check in on those individuals. They might be creating sort of volunteer efforts to make sure those individuals are still getting their food and prescriptions that they need."  But not everything can be done virtually. Stephen Hitchcock runs The Haven, a day shelter and housing resource center in Charlottesville, Va. He says it's had to limit how many people it serves each day because all at-risk staffers and volunteers have been asked to stay home, leaving them very short-handed. Some volunteer-run programs at the shelter have also been suspended, including a clinic that usually comes every other week from the University of Virginia to provide medical and psychiatric care.  Hitchcock also works with a group called PACEM, which provides overnight shelter space. The group has transformed an upstairs room at The Haven into a temporary shelter for women because the usual shelter sites lack volunteers and enough space to keep people 6 feet apart. Hitchcock hopes that if nothing else, the current health crisis makes people more aware of the challenges his clients face. "How does one socially distance if they don't have a home?" he said. "Ultimately what people need is a safe and stable place to live. And that, for me, is highlighted in this pandemic in a really, really clear way." Amanda Chesney, who runs homeless and housing services for Catholic Charities in Washington, D.C., is dealing with similar challenges and worries about the long-term impact as the crisis drags on. They've had to suspend volunteer programs that provide things like yoga classes and game nights, which might seem like luxuries but can be crucial for clients' mental health.  "Right now, everybody's on a hunker down, focus on the now," she said. "But I think as time goes on, it's going to get a little heavier without those [human] interactions."

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Afghan Govt. Suspends Talks; Taliban Attack Kills 4 Soldiers. -- Heat, Spurs Headed To Game 7 After Stunning Game 6. And here are more early headlines: Federal Reserve Policymakers To Release Economic Forecast Today. (Bloomberg) Thousands Of Brazilian Protesters Turn Out Again In Sao Paulo. (The Associated Press) Al Qaida Militants Attack U.N. Compound In Somalia. (Los Angeles Times) UN Report: More Than 45 Million Refugees In 2012, An 'Unseen Level.' (The Guardian) Heavy Flooding In France Kills 1, Closes Lourdes To Religious Pilgrims. (France24) American Medical Association Declares Obesity A Disease. (USA Today) Danielle Bradbery Crowned Winner Of 'The Voice.' (People) Man Pleads Guilty To Smuggling Snakes On A Plane. (KXAS)


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Question: Rafael Nadal Wins 10th French Open, 15th Grand Slam Title

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NPR's Ari Shapiro talks with Sports Illustrated reporter Jon Wertheim about tennis power player Rafael Nadal's biggest win of his career yet.  He not only won his 10th Roland Garros title, but also his 15th Grand Slam, without dropping a set and vaulting past Pete Sampras.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Can A 'Fiscal Cliff' Deal Be Both In And Out Of Reach? Yes. -- Jenni Rivera: A Beautiful Voice Goes Silent. Other stories making news: -- Russia And U.S. In Talks About Syria; But Foreign Minister Says "Brainstorming Session" Is Not Sign Of Wavering Support For Assad. (The Guardian) -- European Union Officials Accept Nobel Peace Prize. (Reuters) -- Five Dead, Two Hurt In Shooting Rampage On California's Tule River Indian Reservation. (Los Angeles Times) -- "Australian DJs Apologize For Royal Hoax Call." (Huff Post World) -- Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez Flies To Cuba For Another Cancer Operation. (The Associated Press) -- "Biggest Snowstorm In Two Years" Buries Parts Of Minnesota. (Minnesota Public Radio) -- In Soccer: Barcelona's Lionel Messi Sets New Calendar-year Record With 86th Goal. (BBC News)


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Question: Mother And Daughter Come Together At The Card Table In 'The Bridge Ladies'

As America's population ages, we're going to be seeing a lot more of these kinds of books: I'm talking about memoirs, written by adult children, about the extreme adventures of caring for and reconnecting with their elderly parents. At the forefront of this emerging genre, of course, are cartoonist Roz Chast's brilliant graphic memoir, Can't We Talk about Something More Pleasant? and George Hodgman's deeply affecting and absurdist, Bettyville. Now, Betsy Lerner in The Bridge Ladies ups the ante, to mix my card metaphors. She writes not only of re-entry into the life of her then-83-year-old mother, Roz, but also of becoming a kind of auxiliary member of Roz's Bridge Club, which has been meeting in a suburb of New Haven, Conn., every Monday for more than 50 years. Because Lerner's focus is wider and because her mother, Roz, is still very much alive and "with it," this memoir is messier, more open-ended than its predecessors. The relationship between Lerner and her mother is still in process — just like those bridge games. Lerner tells readers at the outset of her book that she and her mother never were close and that, back when she was a deliberately lumpen 1970s teenager — all attitude and black Grateful Dead T-shirts — she disdained those ladies who showed up in the afternoons to play bridge, resplendent in "shimmery nylons" and fresh manicures. The ladies, all Jewish, were comfortably married to Jewish men, and only one of the five worked outside the home. As Lerner says of her younger self, "I was after bigger game. I was already reading Anaïs Nin and Henry Miller." Lerner did escape to New York, but after a couple of decades she, her husband and daughter were pulled back to New Haven by a job offer. Then, Lerner's mother needed help recuperating after surgery and Lerner offered to move back into her childhood home for a week. That's when she encountered the Bridge Ladies again. They turned up at the door — smaller and slower, some of them now widowed — all still beautifully groomed and offering home-cooked comfort food. Lerner became more curious about their lives and, especially, about the inner life of her own emotionally closed mother. She asked the ladies if she could sit in on their Monday Bridge Club. As it turns out, she became a regular for almost three years. You can imagine the dire Lifetime Movie tailspin that this memoir could have fallen into: Lerner coming to appreciate the Bridge Ladies' wisdom and Jell-O molds; the Bridge Ladies smoking marijuana for the first time under Lerner's expert tutelage. But fortunately, Lerner's skepticism, as well as the contained nature of the relationship with her mother and the Bridge Ladies, keep the saccharine quotient low. Lerner not only learns to play bridge adequately, but also learns a certain amount of personal history during those three years: flawless Bette, for instance, had dreams of becoming an actress; Lerner's mother, Roz, goes into a little more detail about her own struggle with depression and the loss of a toddler daughter. But the most surprising revelation here is not so much what the Bridge Ladies say, but, rather, the fact that they don't say much at all. Lerner tells us that she began sitting in on the Bridge Club "hoping to find remnants of a 1970s encounter group." She even "noodged" the ladies with intrusive questions about their husbands and sex lives. But, to her dismay, what Lerner found was that, week after week, year after year, her mother and the other Bridge Ladies met for a nice lunch complete with napkin rings, chatted about events like births and graduations and then chiefly concentrated on playing bridge. Lerner says, "I've learned by now that their reticence is largely generational. For them, the word share meant splitting a sandwich." Speaking of her own generation's ready willingness to discuss therapy, divorces and colonoscopies at cocktail parties, Lerner says, "To [the Bridge Ladies] our lives must look like a massive oil spill off the Carolinas." The very fact that the Bridge Ladies keep bravely playing on, year after year --through illness and loss and the indignities of old age — is something Lerner comes to see as admirable. She's right. But, there's also a sadness to this smart and colorful memoir, a recognition that some distances can't be "bridged" between loved ones from different generations, no matter how ardent the desire or devoted the effort.

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E.g. ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details!', 'For Americans, the days of extreme cultural revolution have arguably subsided. The heyday of rock has come and gone, as have new wave and punk — even post-punk — and grunge. So it seems like we\'ve gotten a lot of musical subversion out of our system. But, spin to the Earth\'s other hemisphere, and the musical revolution has only just begun. According to photographer Matthew Niederhauser, simply listening to rock constitutes rebellion in China. Niederhauser, a freelance photojournalist based in Beijing, first stumbled into a dive bar called D-22 in 2007. It was there that he happened upon Beijing\'s underground music scene, and he has been documenting it ever since. His new book, Sound Kapital, shows this burgeoning scene in photos. As he writes, "For now, China remains in a liminal state between the socialist idealism of old and a calamitous drive for wealth spurred by free-market reforms." And the rockers are rejecting both. It may be a small scene, but it\'s exploding. NPR\'s Zoe Chace went to see one of Beijing\'s rock bands in Brooklyn, and the line wrapped around the door. Tune in to All Things Considered today to hear the story, and check out Niederhauser\'s Web site to view more of his work. Have an idea? Pitch it!The Picture Show on Facebook or on Twitter'] == ['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "Beijing's Underground Music Scene"]

Stories: 1) The Couple Behind Some Of Hollywood's Classic Tunes 2) A Graceful Search For 'Higher Ground'


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Question: Listener Limerick Challenge

Barry White has more kids than Steve Urkel; Real girl power; A new Justice League forms in Seattle.

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Jury Selection Underway In Conspiracy Trial For Bundy Followers

Jury selection is underway in the federal conspiracy trial against rancher Cliven Bundy and his militia followers. Bundy and 16 other defendants face 16 felony counts in connection with a 2014 armed standoff with federal agents over cattle grazing on federal land east of Las Vegas.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No End In Sight As Government Shutdown Begins. -- Obama: 'Perpetual Cycle Of Brinksmanship ... Has To End.' -- In Talk Of Shutdown, A Familiar Feeling At The White House. And here are more early headlines: Despite Government Shutdown, Obamacare Opens Enrollment Today. (Reuters) Israeli Prime Minister Visits U.N. Today, Warning Against Iran. (CBS) U.S. Diplomats Expelled From Venezuela For 'Sabotage'. (CNN) Bangladesh Sentences Opposition Leader To Death For War Crimes. (BBC) Greece Cracks Down On Far Right Party Accused Of Murder, Corruption. (Guardian) Jury Seated In Insider Trading Trial Of Dallas Mavericks Owner. (New York Times) UC Berkeley Blast May Be Linked To Underground Copper Theft. (San Jose Mercury News) Police Catch Thief Sprayed With Liquid That Glows In Ultraviolet Light. (Reuters)


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Question: Roundtable: Iraq Update, Controlling the King Center

Thursday's topics: The latest presidential update on Iraq, and public dispute among Dr. King's children about whom should run the King Center in Atlanta -- the family, or the National Park Service. Guests: Robert George, editorial writer for the New York Post; Pedro Noguera, professor in the Steinhart school of education at NYU; and economist and author Julianne Malveaux.

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For example, ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'The agricultural industry is one of the hardest-hit sectors in the United States’ trade war with China. Amid new hopes of a trade deal, Emily Pontecorvo (@emilypont) reports on how Pennsylvania farmers are faring as they bring in their second harvest of the season. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.'] should be similar to ['Represent text', 'Pennsylvania Farmers Weather The Ups And Downs of U.S.-China Trade War']

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Playing the Trump Card; Berning Up The Campaign Trail; Slower. Lower. More Cowardly.


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Question: Taliban Hits Airwaves in Southeastern Afghanistan

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The Taliban has hit the airwaves in southeastern Afghanistan through a new radio station called "Voice of Shariat."  The station, which broadcasts in Pashto most evenings, can't be heard in Kabul. But it's on the air in parts of American-dominated Paktia province, as well as Paktika, Logar and Ghazni provinces.  The station, which operates out of the back of pickup trucks, is gaining a following, even as the Afghan government is trying to shut it down. Those who've heard it say the programming plays on people's frustations with the Afghan government and, not suprisingly, omits any reference to suicide attacks. RENEE MONTAGNE, host:  As it happens, the president of Afghanistan is at Camp David today meeting with President Bush. They'll talk about those South Korean missionaries now held hostage. At the top of the agenda will be a war that's heated up as the search for Osama bin Laden has gone cold. In Afghanistan, besides kidnappings, the Taliban are now fighting with roadside bombs and suicide attacks. And they're taking their war to airwaves with clandestine radio broadcasts. So far, their efforts are modest. They transmit a spotty signal for 90 minutes every night, which reaches parts of the several southeastern provinces that are Taliban strongholds.  NPR's Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson visited Paktia province, where the broadcast is available and Afghans are tuning in.  Unidentified Man #1: (Singing in Foreign Language)  SORAYA SARHADDI NELSON: It's 8:00 PM and the Taliban is back on the air. Hatabe(ph) village resident Ambrulo(ph) and his brothers grab their steaming cups of green tea and gather around the portable radio on their living room floor.  Unidentified Man #2: (Foreign language spoken)  NELSON: To hear the program called "Voice of Shariat," they must constantly fiddle with the dial, like on this night when a BBC broadcast bleeds into the mournful song on the Taliban radio. In the end, the brothers are forced to settle for an annoying blend of the two broadcasts.  (Soundbite of radio static)  NELSON: Ambrulo, who is 22 and studying to be a teacher, says he doesn't like the Taliban, but his 16-year-old brother Jawaldeen(ph) says it's nevertheless important to hear what the militants have to say.  JAWALDEEN: (Through translator) We want to hear how many casualties the Taliban fighters inflict on the government forces with their warplanes and armored vehicles.  NELSON: Taliban radio writer Zobio Lom Mushahed(ph) says anyone who listens to their broadcast will hear plenty of such reports, along with Islamic instruction and devotional songs.  Mr. ZOBIO LOM MUSHAHED (Writer, Taliban Radio): (Through translator) For a struggle, we need propaganda. We want to invite Afghans to join our struggle, and radio is a great tool for this.  NELSON: At the moment, his tool is limited to several transmitters driven around on the backs of pickup trucks to avoid Afghan authorities. But he claims the nightly Pashto-language broadcast, the Taliban's biggest since being ousted from power in 2001, is a success.  In Kabul, the Afghan Intelligence Ministry says efforts are underway to shut down the "Voice of Shariat." The Taliban's Mushahed says he's not worried, given the transmitters are operating in areas under militant control. Those areas exist even in provinces like Paktia, where a constant stream of U.S. military convoys patrol the main roads.  Rafia Labidar(ph), a local Afghan human rights official, says the Taliban couldn't have chosen a better region for its radio project. He says Paktia and its neighboring provinces have a high illiteracy rate and limited coverage by government-run radio.  Mr. RAFIA LABIDAR (Human Rights Activist): (Through translator) We have large areas that are not under Afghan government control. And where we don't have that control, Taliban radio can unfortunately end up inspiring people.  NELSON: Back in Hatabe, Ambrulo says it's fear, rather than inspiration, that people feel after hearing the Taliban broadcast. He says villagers worry the group will return to power.  AMBRULO: (Through translator) Most people aren't happy about this programming. But if the government continues to let it operate, people may decide to support with Taliban because they will believe the militants are winning.  NELSON: This night's broadcast proved to be the least of his worries. Just hours later, Taliban fighters came to Ambrulo's village and kidnapped his distant cousin who worked at a nearby American base. The cousin was beheaded.  Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson, NPR News, Hatabe.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Among La. Flood Victims, 'Depression Levels Are Really High'. -- Magnitude 6.2 Earthquake In Central Italy Reportedly Kills Dozens. And here are more early headlines: Turkey Sends Tanks, Fighter Jets Into Northern Syria. (BBC) Biden Visiting Turkey As Anti-ISIS Offensive Begins. (VOA) North Korea Test Fires New Ballistic Missile Into Sea Of Japan. (CNN) Deadly New Bombings In Thailand. (Sydney Morning Herald) Monsoons Trigger Deadly Flooding, Evacuations In India. (Weather.com) Bergdahl Lawyers Claim Sen. McCain's Comments Hurt Case. (USA Today) Former U.N. Leader Annan To Advise Myanmar On Status Of Rohingyas. (AFP)


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Question: You Want to See 'The Producers'

Mel Brooks' 1968 movie classic The Producers became a Broadway smash. Now comes a new big-screen version that preserves the original's humor and adds the stage show's musical elements.

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Stories: 1) Actor Peter Fonda, Headed West to 'Yuma' 2) What Part of 'Smart Aleck' Don't You Understand?


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Question: Classical Lost And Found: Hubert Parry's Glorious England

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Composers Hubert Parry, Charles Villiers Stanford and Edward Elgar dominated the British musical scene in the latter half of the Victorian age through the Edwardian era. Albums of Parry's music have been rare lately, so this new recording by Neeme Järvi and BBC National Orchestra and Chorus of Wales is most welcome. Except for Parry's ever-popular Jerusalem, all the selections here are world premiere recordings. The album opens with music written for King George V's coronation in 1911, the Te Deum for chorus and orchestra. Six trumpets, commanding low pedal points and hints of the familiar "St. Anne" and "Old Hundredth" hymn tunes make it a sonorously regal piece. For the nationalistic choral song England, from 1918, Parry turned to Shakespeare, paraphrasing John of Gaunt's famous second act monologue in Richard II. Lasting under four minutes, it's set to one of those inspiring melodies British composers of this period so regularly came up with. The only purely orchestral work on the album is Parry's colorful suite from incidental music he wrote for an 1883 Cambridge University production of The Birds by Aristophanes. Highlights include an airy "Introduction," a twittering "Entry of the Birds," a Wagnerian "Entr'acte" and the "Bridal March of the Birds," which is another of those big British tunes anticipating Elgar's Pomp and Circumstance marches. That beloved old chestnut Jerusalem, for soprano, chorus and orchestra (from 1916), is performed in Parry's original orchestration. It is a refreshing change from Elgar's more vaunting version of 1922, heard each year as the closing number of the Proms concerts. The Glories of Our Blood and State, a setting of a poem by James Shirley, reflects Parry's admiration for Brahms, with whom Parry once tried to study. And the Magnificat for soprano, chorus and orchestra (from 1897) owes a debt to J.S. Bach, whom Parry also greatly revered. Dedicated to Queen Victoria on her Diamond Jubilee, the Magnificat is in five sections with an emphasis on counterpoint, as well as other Baroque devices, and takes its cue from Bach's own Magnificat (BWV 243). This is quite apparent in the exultant opening, while the third part, "Et misericordia," is a choral meditation with a moving violin obbligato, and one of Parry's loveliest moments. The finale ends with an exciting fugue and cyclic reminder of the work's opening measures. Järvi, soprano Amanda Roocroft and the chorus and orchestra deliver stirring performances fit for this rarely heard music from one of England's finest. Bob McQuiston revels in under-the-radar repertoire at his website Classical Lost and Found.

A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: In The Loop: "Best of The LoopCast"

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(Length: 47 min.) Before In The Loop went weekly, there was a little thing called The LoopCast.  We collected some of our favorite clowning from those glory days, including "This American Loop" and "Public Radio Laboratories."

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they discuss, and Ted recommends recordings of, the beautiful Clarinet Concerto by Mozart, his last purely instrumental work.

Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: McCain Calls WikiLeaks' Disclosures 'Harmful'; Palin Says They're 'Treasonous'

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The Republican ticket from 2008 has weighed in on the latest WikiLeaks disclosure of information the U.S. government didn't want to see disclosed. -- Sen. John McCain, the '08 Republican presidential nominee:  "Latest Wikileaks doc disclosure is harmful &  unacceptable and inhibits any confidential conversations w/ friends & allies  around the world." (Twitter.)  -- McCain's running mate (and possible 2012 presidential contender), former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin:  "Inexplicable: I recently won in court to stop my book America by Heart from being leaked,but US Govt can't stop Wikileaks'  treasonous act?. (Also on Twitter.)  We posed this question earlier:

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Dozens Killed By Suicide Bomber In Yemen. -- Pakistan Threatens To Overshadow NATO Summit. -- Eclipse Of The Sun: Did You Fall Into The Ring Of Fire's Path? -- Let's Remember Robin Gibb By Saying It: Bee Gees' Disco Years Were Great. Other stories in the news: -- "White House Visitor Logs Provide Window Into Lobbying Industry," Lobbyists Are "Regular Presence." (The Washington Post) -- "Lockerbie Bomber To Be Buried, Controversy Lives On." (Agence France Presse) -- "Strauss-Kahn Faces 'Gang Rape' Inquiry." (BBC News) -- "Chen Guangcheng's Family And Friends 'Still At Risk' In China." (The Guardian)


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Question: What It Means For The U.S. That China Will Label Fentanyl As 'A Controlled Substance'

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NPR's Ailsa Chang talks with STAT News reporter Lev Facher about China agreeing to label fentanyl as a controlled substance and what that means for the U.S. opioid epidemic.

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Good morning, here are the stories we're following today: Anti-U.S. Protests Spread; Attack Against U.S. Embassy In Yemen. (AP) Hints Of Progress In Chicago Teachers' Strike. (AP) Federal Reserve Ends Policy Meeting; Investors Wait For News On Possible Stimulus Action. (Wall Street Journal) Dutch Voters Back Pro-European Prime Minister; Centrist Leader To Form New Government. (Reuters) New U.N. Peace Envoy Arrives In Damascus, Syria. (Voice Of America) Cambodian Special Court Deems Khmer Rouge 'First Lady' Too Sick To Face Genocide Trial. (CNN) New York City Officials To Vote On Plan Reducing Super-Sized Sodas. (NBC New York) New Apple Smartphone Could Become Fastest Selling Tech Device Ever. (Businessweek) Atlantic Tropical Storm Nadine Close To Hurricane Strength, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center) New Species Of Monkey Discovered In Democratic Republic Of Congo. (Telegraph)


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Question: Humanitarian Workers Weigh In On Afghanistan

Two Afghan women involved in humanitarian and human rights work in Afghanistan — Fatima Gailani, president of the Afghan Red Crescent Society; and Suraya Pakzad, founder and executive director of the Voice of Women Organization — speak to host Melissa Block about the current situation in Afghanistan, and their thoughts about the future.

Stories: 1) How Companies Are 'Defining Your Worth' Online 2) After 'Putin's Kiss,' A Young Girl's Change Of Heart


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Question: Review: Future Brown, 'Future Brown'

Future Brown is a post-human, post-geographical electronic music collective that is both decidedly human and highly geographical. The four main members hail from far afield (Los Angeles, New York, Kuwait) but live most fully in the drifting state that artists can inhabit when they work the global circuit right. Fatima Al Qadiri is the best-known, with releases on the U.K. labels Fade To Mind and Hyperdub and extra-musical membership in the GCC, a conceptual art project that addresses hyper-real life in the Persian Gulf. Alongside her are Daniel Pineda and Asma Maroof of the club-minded duo Nguzunguzu and J-Cush (of the New York label Lit City Trax). The particulars of the roster, however, are less important than the overall sense that these musicians have a lot going on in many different spheres. Rappers abound, as well, to fantastic effect. As is the custom in the genre of grime and what gets wrangled together under the catchall term "bass music," mic duties are handed over to a rotating cast and crew, with rhymes flying over beats that strive to sound cohesive and unique. "Room 302" opens with sass and force courtesy of Tink, who invites an otherwise happily attached paramour to stray and avail himself of her many charms ("I know you wanna hit that," she raps, before continuing, "I'm trying to seduce you, I've got a couple hundred ways I can use you"). "Talkin Bandz" follows on a weightier and more concussive note with a heavily AutoTuned DJ Victoriouz slurring alongside fellow Chicagoan Shawnna. Swerving severely again, "Big Homie" pits posse vocals by Sicko Mobb against a dainty sort of digital calypso, complete with a simulacrum of a steel drum. The rapping taps into a wide variety of techniques and moods, but the production underneath does at least as much work. The guiding principles are a devotion to spacious, fractious beats and allusions to worldly sounds re-imagined for a borderless state of mind. Most common is a kind of all-over worldliness employed by Fatima Al Qadiri on her 2014 album Asiatisch, which plays with notions of Eastern melodies delivered by synthesized strings. But other examples proliferate, from the reggaeton lilt of "Vernaculo" to the Miami-bass-grade boom of "Killing Time." Track by track, with different rappers enlisted, it makes for multiplicity, kind of like a mixtape. As a whole, it's future music for a world faithful to a sense of place, but eager to explore new orbits.

Stories: 1) 'Headmaster' Has Still Got Plenty of Soul 2) Sarah Johns' 'Big Love in a Small Town'