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Question: Not Hillary Clinton: A Case Of Mistaken Twitter Identity

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@hillary is not @HillaryClinton. Her Twitter bio once noted as much, but that was "mostly just for a bit of cheek," @hillary herself admits. Hillary Hartley joined Twitter back in 2006. As an early adopter, she was able to grab @hillary as her handle. For comparison, the @HillaryClinton account was created in 2013. Because only one person can own a given handle, first names became sought after as Twitter gained popularity. The Wall Street Journal wrote about the "nerd cachet" of owning this particular kind of digital real estate in 2011. But, as the article goes on to note, there's a downside to first-name handles that others aren't faced with — erroneous mentions. Take a scroll through recent mentions of @hillary on Twitter and the issue will become apparent. There are many, many mentions of the handle, most of which are explicitly an attempt to tag Hillary Clinton. And as campaign season kicks in, these mentions are unlikely to abate. So what's it like being on the receiving end of tweets meant for another Hillary? During Clinton's last election bid, in 2007 and 2008, Hartley says it "wasn't really an issue" because Twitter was so much smaller. But now that having a Twitter presence is basically essential for anyone in the public eye, the comments come more frequently. "It can sometimes be frustrating," Hartley says. "I get called a lot of nasty names." Of course, these nasty names aren't meant for Hillary Hartley, and she doesn't believe that the issue is people mistaking her account for Clinton's, exactly. Rather, she thinks the issue is that people who tag @hillary in tweets about Clinton don't understand how to use Twitter. Besides simply not understanding what putting an @ symbol before a name does, there is also the issue of people treating Twitter tags like Facebook tags. Hartley has noticed that some users appear to think that naming works the same way on Twitter as on Facebook — where a space appears between users' first and last names. So while the mentions can be frustrating, they're also pretty fascinating. "Twitter probably is (or should be) watching many of the first-name accounts for user research," Hartley says. "It's a testament to how many people are using their platform without really understanding it." Hartley is far from the only person who faces this issue on Twitter. Jon Wheatley, who has the handle @jon, says around 95 percent of all his mentions aren't actually for him. And Katie LaRue, @Katie on Twitter, told Digital Trends that she's been mistaken for Katie Holmes, Katie Price and Katie Couric. Couric actually responded to these mistakes by inviting LaRue on her show. These days LaRue gets so many mentions that she rarely checks them. "It's frustrating for sure, but can be entertaining because some [of the comments] are a bit ridiculous or funny," she says. As for Hartley, all those erroneous mentions mostly just pile up. But sometimes she feels compelled to take matters into her own hands. "If people go on extra-long rants ... I point them at her [Hillary Clinton's] actual handle," she says. Hartley has also specifically mentioned users who leave the nastiest comments. And in at least one case that user account has since been deleted — "I like to think that sometimes calling people out actually helps," she says. There is one question that seems to be universal when people hear about the @hillary predicament: Has the Clinton camp asked Hartley to sell her handle? The practice is not so uncommon — Digital Trends discussed the high prices some are willing to pay for a first name handle. But Hartley says she's never been approached. She's also not sure they'd have a reason to ask. The Clintons own @HillaryClinton, @BillClinton and @ChelseaClinton, so they "have a lock on their personal brands," Hartley says. For now, Hartley addresses the mountain of mistaken mentions with humor. "I always know when Hillary Clinton is making headlines without having to read the news!" she jokes. Tajha Chappellet-Lanier is the social media intern at NPR.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

The nation is reeling after Saturday’s mass shooting at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh. Funerals were held throughout the week for the 11 victims. And President Trump’s visit deepened divisions in the grieving city. From The New York Times:  [I]f Mr. Trump’s visit was intended to bring healing, it instead laid bare the nation’s deep divisions. Many protesters in Pittsburgh had no doubt of what one called “the dotted line” between presidential rhetoric and violence, though some people in the city have pushed back on the idea that Mr. Trump had fomented the atmosphere of anger. As the president moved around Pittsburgh, a largely Democratic city, the signs of discord were apparent. The protesters, some praying in Hebrew, others singing and chanting, moved around Squirrel Hill. Hoodie-wearing college students and Orthodox Jews with black hats and long beards walked alongside demonstrators carrying militant signs and middle-aged parents pushing strollers. Signs read “Words matter” and “President Hate is not welcome in our state.”  Robert Bowers, the man accused of the mass shooting, pled not guilty in his first court appearance on Thursday. With less than a week to go before the midterms, early voting numbers are at a record high in over a dozen states. Here’s a breakdown of how votes are coming in from several key states like Arizona and Florida, courtesy of CNN. How close is the battle for control of Congress? On Monday, President Trump told Axios he will use the executive order to end birthright citizenship for children of non-citizens and unauthorized immigrants born in the U.S. “We’re the only country in the world where a person comes in and has a baby, and the baby is essentially a citizen of the United States for 85 years, with all of those benefits,” he said. “It’s ridiculous. It’s ridiculous. And it has to end.” Is this move constitutional? The Department of Defense also announced Monday that it will deploy at least 5,200 troops to the U.S.-Mexico border as the migrant caravan continues to trek north. *Text by Kathryn Fink*. GUESTS Wendy Benjaminson, Managing editor, McClatchy DC Bureau; @wbenjaminson Naftali Bendavid, News editor, The Wall Street Journal; @naftalibendavid Jessica Taylor, Lead digital political reporter, NPR; @jessicataylor For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Federal Judge Denies New Mexico Compound Residents Bail

A federal judge denied bail on Wednesday to all five members of an extended family accused of operating a training camp for a violent attack on public institutions out of their isolated New Mexico compound.  During the arraignment hearing, Magistrate Judge Kirtan Khalsa told the defendants there was "clear and convincing evidence that you are a danger to the community," The Associated Press reported.  A federal grand jury indicted the group on Tuesday on conspiracy and federal firearms charges stemming from the discovery of a cache of weapons after law enforcement raided their home in search of a missing boy but, instead, found 11 malnourished children living in squalid conditions.  Federal prosecutors say that between Dec. 2017 and August 2018, the group, who are either siblings or related by marriage, had "a common plan to prepare for violent attacks on government, military, educational and financial institutions."  U.S. Attorney John C. Anderson and Special Agent in Charge James C. Langenberg of the FBI's Albuquerque Division, said in a statement that the defendants' home in Amalia, N.M., served as a firing range and training camp to carry out an attack as part of a religious prophecy. According to the indictment, some of the minors were being prepared "to engage in jihad and ... to die as martyrs."  Officials in court last month claimed that some of the older children taken into custody in the Aug. 3 raid told an F.B.I officer they were being trained to attack targets which would be identified by the resurrected body of the missing 3-year-old boy who was found dead at the compound.  The defendants — Siraj Ibn Wahhaj, father of the dead child; his partner, Jany Leveille; Lucas Morton; Morton's wife, Subhanna Wahhaj; and her sister Hujrah Wahhaj — moved from Georgia to New Mexico, where they took up residence on the rural property in December.  The indictment alleges that Levielle, a Haitian immigrant living in the U.S. on an expired visa and mother of six children taken into custody, illegally transported firearms and ammunition in her car during the cross-country move.  The other four defendants are accused of aiding Levielle, in committing the crimes.  Siraj Ibn Wahhaj's lawyer in the state case, suggested that those charges were motivated by a degree of racial and religious prejudice against his Muslim client. If the suspects were white Christians shooting guns on their property and practicing their religion, "No one would bat an eye," Thomas Clark argued in court.  "If these were white people of a Christian faith who owned guns, that's not a big deal because there's a Second Amendment right to own firearms in this country. If these were white Christians, faith healing is of no consequence because we have freedom of religion in this country. But they look different and they worship differently from the rest of us," Clark said. If convicted, each defendant faces a statutory maximum penalty of five years imprisonment. Leveille, in addition, faces up to 10 years of imprisonment and deportation if she is convicted on the firearms charge.  The five suspects who were living on a desolate patch of land were initially arrested on child abuse charges days after authorities found 11 emaciated children on the dilapidated property. Three days later law enforcement returned to find the remains of Abdul-ghani Wahhaj, a severely disabled boy whose Georgia mother had reported missing months earlier.  Last month, two state judges were forced to dismiss child neglect charges against all five adults when the local district attorney's office missed a 10-day deadline to present initial evidence of crime. A few days later, Taos-based District Attorney Donald Gallegos dropped charges related to the death of Siraj Wahhaj's son, "saying he was seeking more time to assemble and analyze evidence, and that he intended to seek grand jury indictment," The Durango Herald reported.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Product Recalls Are A Complex Process

The Peanut Corporation of America closed its Plainview, Texas, plant on Feb. 9 after laboratory tests indicated possible salmonella contamination.  Three days later, the Texas Department of State Health Services ordered a recall of products shipped from the plant after inspectors found dead rodents, rodent excrement and bird feathers in a crawl space above a production area. The company must now recall all of its products ever shipped from that plant, which began operations in March 2005, and it cannot reopen without approval from the state. In January, the Peanut Corp. expanded an earlier recall of products processed at its Blakely, Ga., plant due to the ongoing investigation that linked salmonella bacteria to the deaths of nine — and illnesses of at least 600 — people.  Just how does a recall work? When consumer products such as toys, child seats or pesticides are defective — or food products like peanut butter or chicken are found to be potentially harmful to consumers — companies can issue voluntary recalls.   And depending on the severity of the hazard, additional measures can be taken to reduce the risk to consumers.   Six government agencies are responsible for managing product recalls, and each works closest with the industries it regulates. The Consumer Product Safety Commission, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the U.S. Coast Guard, the Food and Drug Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Environmental Protection Agency each maintain a list of recalled products online at www.recalls.gov. Contrary to popular belief, most recalls are not ordered by these agencies, but rather are voluntarily issued by the product manufacturer, according to the FDA.  Most companies either identify a problem with a product independently and approach the regulatory agency with a recall notification or, as was the case with the recent salmonella outbreak in peanut products, work with the regulatory agency to issue a recall. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, a set of laws that authorizes FDA-ordered recalls in cases when medical devices, human tissue products and infant formula products pose a threat to human health, may be invoked to force product recalls.  Normally, a letter written by the FDA to the product manufacturer advising of a recall is enough to prompt a voluntary recall.   The FDA can, however, require mandatory recalls or seizures if experts determine "a recall wouldn't be effective or if a recall proves ineffective, or if the violation is continuing," according to an article in FDA Consumer magazine. In the case of the Texas peanut processing plant, a news release issued by the Texas health department on Feb. 12 says the company voluntarily stopped operations the previous Monday night — but that state law authorized the department to shutter the plant because there was an "immediate and serious threat to human life or health."  The FDA has formal guidelines for recall processes that require companies to take responsibility for recalls, update the FDA on their status and ensure they are complete and successful.   The FDA asks for extensive paperwork when companies file recalls.  This information includes: complete product descriptions, documentation, packaging, typical uses, reasons for the recall, potential health hazards associated with the product, volume and quantity of the recalled product, distribution methods, a list of everyone who bought or received the product and a detailed strategy to execute the recall.   The guidelines also advise companies on how to publicize the recall, including issuing press releases and written notification.  If the FDA deems the product a significant enough public health hazard, as it has done with the salmonella outbreak, it will jointly issue a press release with the company.  Each week, the FDA issues an Enforcement Report, which lists all of the products being recalled at that time.  Typically, dozens of products are recalled each week from across all sectors, ranging from chemicals to red blood cells to medical devices and food products.

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Stories: 1) Lowering Medical Costs By Providing Better Care 2) Sargent Shriver: A Man Of Public Service


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Who's Carl This Time?

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A cowboy heads back to the ranch ; One Senator's successful escape from Capitol Hill; We remember ... Kaaahhhhnnn!!!

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: The News Roundup — International

Protests erupted around the world this week in response to the police killing of George Floyd, a black man in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Thousands took to the streets. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau responded with a 21-second silence after he was asked for his thoughts on how President Donald Trump is responding to protests in the U.S. In France, thousands of demonstrators defied a ban on large gatherings in order to protest. Paris police responded with tear gas and rubber bullets. Thousands also protested in London, and Prime Minister Boris Johnson and British police condemned the killing of George Floyd. Additionally, Pope Francis spoke up to decry “the sin of racism” and prayed for George Floyd. Meanwhile, the U.S. will ban passenger flights from China, starting on June 16. U.K. Prime Minister Johnson is threatening to change British immigration policies to offer citizenship to millions in Hong Kong if China imposes new security laws. And the COVID-19 pandemic is still raging. Brazil saw a record number of coronavirus deaths this week. We’re talking about all of this during this week’s News Roundup.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Texas Residents Watch Hurricane Ike Debris Mount

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It has been almost three months since Hurricane Ike roared ashore and left a hulking pile of debris along a 30-mile stretch of the Texas coastline.  As the state and federal government squabble over who will pay to remove it, residents are getting frustrated. Laurie Johnson reports for member station KUHF in Houston. MICHELE NORRIS, host:   From NPR News, this is All Things Considered. I'm Michele Norris.  ROBERT SIEGEL, host:  And I'm Robert Siegel. Three months ago, Hurricane Ike devastated the Texas coast. And parts of the coast are still a mess. That includes Chambers County where a 30-mile-long pile of debris is festering with mold, dead animals, and hazardous waste. As Laurie Johnson of member station KUHF reports, locals are fed up with the federal response to the disaster.  LAURIE JOHNSON: About a 90-mile drive southeast of Houston, there's a tiny place called Smith Point - or, as some of the locals refer to it, the end of the world. The small peninsula that juts into Galveston Bay ended up as Hurricane Ike's dumping ground. A backhoe clears away massive chunks of storm debris, and it's no easy task. This mound is seven feet high and stretches 30 miles.  Mr. RYAN HOLZAEPFEL (Emergency Management Coordinator, Chambers County): You stand here, and you look at this. You're seeing, you know, people's lives.  JOHNSON: Ryan Holzaepfel is emergency management coordinator for Chambers County.  Mr. HOLZAEPFEL: That water just brought it in and it left it. Except we're not talking about grass or seaweed, we're talking about refrigerators, hot water heaters, roofs of houses and lawn chairs, recliners, children's toys.  JOHNSON: A small white and blue fishing boat, the Miss Brenda(ph), lies stranded in the brush. Workers often come across snakes and alligators hiding out in the piles. And literally thousands of mosquitoes swarm around, making the work here miserable. And county officials have to figure out how to clean it up.  Mr. HOLZAEPFEL: Even at an estimated 40 million just for these debris piles, if we had to pay 25 percent of that cost, you know, that - it's easy to do the math - that would be 10 million. And we don't have that kind of money in our budget to do that.  JOHNSON: FEMA will reimburse the county for all the debris removal, but only for the next five months. It'll take an estimated eight months to finish. People here say FEMA took too long to come through with the money and aren't providing enough to pay all the bills. Locals like Maria Cabrera(ph) don't understand why it's so complicated to get help from the federal government, especially after the lessons learned from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita three years ago.  Ms. MARIA CABRERA: They were concerned about, you know, being healthy out here. There's too much debris, you know, dead animals, stuff that stinks. The moldy walls are sitting there in ditches, and you walk by them and you hurt your nose because you can smell it. It's kind of crazy how they're concerned about one thing, but they're not doing anything to resolve it.  JOHNSON: At the popular Panther Tracks cafe, Russell Easer(ph) has finished his lunch and nurses a glass of iced tea. Easer is a friendly man with a bushy beard and twinkling eyes. But when the subject of FEMA comes up, he looks angry.   Mr. RUSSELL EASER: They gave the people, I think, a lot of false hope. It was like a little bit like the carrot was dangled in front of them, OK. When it came time to put up or shut up, they just took the carrot away.   JOHNSON: He says it's easy to sit in Washington, D.C., and make decisions about people's lives.  Mr. EASER: When you see a pair of baby shoes that are tied together, or the little Crocs - because I saw those - that's a family, that's a child. You can't put a dollar figure on it. And that seems like where we've gotten.  JOHNSON: Easer says people here are fed up with the bureaucratic delays and red tape. And he says some folks are wishing FEMA would never have shown up in the first place. For NPR News, I'm Laurie Johnson in Houston.

Good Tuesday morning - we're following these stories today: In Afghanistan: General's Plane Damaged; Afghans Start Spying On Own Troops.  As Deadline To Drop Out Nears, Rep. Akin's Best Defender Is His Opponent. Diana Nyad Ends Latest Bid to Swim From Cuba To Key West. Thousands Flee California Wildfire, One Of Many Blazes Scorching West. (Los Angeles Times) Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi Dies, Ally Of U.S. (BBC) South African Mine Drops Threat To Fire Striking Miners. (Financial Times) Jury Begins To Deliberate Whether Samsung Infringed On Apple Patents. (ComputerWorld) Tropical Depression Forms In Caribbean, Will Strengthen To Hurricane South Of Puerto Rico. (National Hurricane Center) Venezuelan Prisoners Riot As Families Visit; At Least 25 Dead. (AFP) Thieves Steal Floor Plans Of French Presidential Palace, Documents Not Classified. (AP) Good Samaritans Grab Wrong Man In Fight, Letting Robber Escape. (Central Jersey.com)


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Question: Unusual Results Anticipated For Governors' Races

Voters in Virginia and New Jersey go to the  polls Tuesday to pick their next governor. NPR's Scott Horsley joins host Arun Rath from Northern Virginia, where President Obama just held a rally for Terry McAuliffe, the Democratic candidate for governor.


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Question: Let Me Introduce You To My Cousins, Lupita Nyong'o And Louis C.K.

Ever since actress Lupita Nyong'o first exploded all over the media, many interviewers and fans alike have stumbled and fretted over how to pronounce her last name. (Go here for a wonderful lesson from Nyong'o herself). But for some of us, it was her first name that sounded an alarm in a frequency audible only to Latinos. Lupita? We know, of course, that she is identified as Kenyan, but some of us whispered, is she, you know, secretly Mexican? A Latina incognito? As for the question of her first name, the answer is simple. She was named after Mexico's Virgin of Guadalupe, Lupita for short, because that's where she was born. Her parents lived there in exile. But, beyond her first name, she is Kenyan through and through. Still, she has said she feels close ties to her birthplace, where she returned for about a year as a teen. Plus, she still carries a Mexican passport continues to appreciate a mean taco or three. So, since she claims Mexican culture, do Latinos get to claim her as one of our own? One could easily answer no. She is Kenyan, punto. But I think there's something to be said for counting her as de las nuestras, one of ours. Wanting to claim someone as part of your ethnic or racial group may seem like a strange exercise, more than a little self-involved and even downright narcissistic. But it is a compulsion born of a desire to see oneself reflected in media and popular culture. Like it or not, that's what sets many of our expectations about what's beautiful, what's desirable, what's "normal." And not seeing yourself conveys a message that you are none of these things. This practice of tuning into a Latin signal through the white noise of news and entertainment coverage is an old practice. For an earlier generation, it was the thrill of realizing bombshell Rita Hayworth was born Margarita Carmen Cansino. For another, it was hearing Ricky Ricardo's rapid-fire Cuban Spanish on national TV in I Love Lucy. And for yet another it was the thrill of learning that Yankee slugger Bernie Williams was actually Bernabé Williams Figueroa Jr. Claiming a public figure lets us highlight important aspects of that person that cannot be immediately discerned by looking at their name, their face or hearing them speak. One association we believe is self-evident, thanks to the long history of the "one-drop rule" in the U.S., is Blackness, though projects like (1)ne Drop ask us to rethink that category's supposed obviousness. But Latinos – and other non-white, non-black categories — notoriously confound. And one common response to being hidden in plain sight is the now clichéd listicle "20 celebrities you didn't know were Latino/Arab/Asian." The people who show up on the Latino version of these lists — Snooki, Ryan Lochte, Christy Turlington, Oscar Isaac, Michelle Forbes, Lynda Carter — don't have Spanish names or looks that match what people expect of Latinos. While some see these lists as badges to add to the ethnic pride sash, for others these lists are obsessive and absurd tallies that only make sense if you are stuck in a permanent loop of Dave Chapelle's "racial draft" skit. When comedian Louis C.K. started speaking publicly about his Mexican roots a few years ago (like in this radio appearance), it was revealing on several levels. It allowed the Latino team to claim the hottest comic in the country. It also gave many a way to identify with him through the common immigrant experiences he talked about – learning a new language, dealing with a "funny" name, learning to fit in. Reading interviews like this one in Rolling Stone, where he gives a nuanced account of his relationship to his Mexican parentage and upbringing, shed new light on several of his routines, connecting those experiences with his insider/outsider view and unmasking of white privilege. It's easy now to see the immigrant's marvel and outrage in this routine about his daughters complaining about bubble-gum flavored medicine. But does all this suddenly make C.K. less "white"? Not at all. The best part about "claiming" Louis C.K. or Lupita Nyong'o as part of the Latino extended family is how sharing their stories helps us better understand and explain ourselves. It helps Latinos better connect with one another. Sharing how we ended up with our names, our manner of speech and our view of the world makes us dynamic, fully human and more than just a label. So, as far as I'm concerned, Lupita is my prima (cousin) from the Kenyan side of the family. Bienvenida, Lupita. Welcome home.

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Stories: 1) Getting To Know The Animal Families Of 'Earth' 2) Robert Sullivan, In The Alleys With 'Rats' 3) Up Close And Personal With The Dung Beetle


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Question: 200 Trapped In Abandoned South African Gold Mine

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More than 200 illegal miners near Johannesburg, South Africa, are reportedly trapped underground in an abandoned gold mine with rescuers working frantically to save them. "Approximately 30 people are trapped towards the top of the old shaft and the rest down a steep tunnel," emergency services spokesman Werner Vermaak tells the South African Press Service. Vermaak said the miners were discovered when someone heard screaming Sunday coming from the abandoned mine shaft. Heavy equipment has been brought in to try to clear boulders obstructing the shaft, he said. "It's an abandoned mine shaft in the middle of the public veld (open fields) ... it was not a blocked-off area," Vermaak said. Reuters says:  "Illegal mining of abandoned shafts is common in South Africa, where informal miners excavate mineral ore to be sold to buyers, often living underground in dangerous and precarious conditions. Fatal accidents are common, and underground battles between rival groups have also been reported. "The illegal diggers also sometimes invade active mines. At least 82 men — thought to have been illegal miners — died after an underground fire at a Harmony gold mine in South Africa in 2009."  Update at 11:10 a.m. ET: Reuters reports that four miners of the 30 or so in the upper part of the mine have been rescued. Vermaak told Reuters they were being medically checked and then handed over to the police.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: Election News from Around California

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"['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth.', 'It\'s common knowledge that Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. A lucky wind blew a few spores into his Petri dish, and the rest is history. That\'s true as far as it goes, author Lauren Belfer says, but what people forget is that Fleming couldn\'t do much with his miraculous discovery because penicillin was so tough to produce. It lay dormant until the outbreak of World War II, and in the meantime, people continued to die from causes as tiny as a scratch on the knee.  Belfer\'s new novel, A Fierce Radiance, picks up the story of penicillin just after the outbreak of the war, when pharmaceutical companies were racing to perfect mass-production of the drug. Belfer tells NPR\'s Lynn Neary that the story of penicillin is a family story for her. "For all the years that I knew her, my elderly aunt kept on her bureau a photograph of her brother when he was about 10 years old, sitting in a canoe with his father, having a wonderful time on a summer vacation."  A year later, Belfer says, the boy was dead. "He died on the Fourth of July, in the 1920s, of a fast-moving infection, and there was nothing his doctors could do." Penicillin was notoriously difficult to make. Belfer estimates that when the war broke out in 1939, there were only a few teaspoons of the drug in the entire country. But the pace of development picked up when scientists began looking for new ways to treat infections in battlefield wounds.  "What they found was that the mold, the penicillium mold, grew best in a flat surface. And they just didn\'t have the technology to create huge flat surfaces, so they used what was at hand," Belfer says. "It was very much an at-home kitchen process" using milk bottles and bedpans to grow the precious mold. By 1944, every soldier going ashore on D-Day had penicillin in his kit. Penicillin was a major military priority, Belfer says, since it was considered a weapon of war. "The United States government took over the production," she says, "and penicillin was made under the supervision of the same group that was supervising the Manhattan Project for the atomic bomb."  Because the government controlled the production, it also took over the patents on penicillin, forbidding pharmaceutical companies from profiting from their work on the drug. Much of the intrigue in A Fierce Radiance comes from those companies\' behind-the-scenes race to develop what they call the "cousins" -- relatives of penicillin that weren\'t subject to government restriction. "This became a billion-dollar industry," Belfer says. "It did not exist in 1940." On top of this tale of war and scientific intrigue, Belfer layers the story of glamorous Life magazine photographer Claire Shipley, who\'s been assigned to cover the development of penicillin. "I read every single issue of Life magazine, from 1939 to 1945," Belfer says, part of an effort to put herself in the shoes of people living through the war.  "I realized that Americans expected that their cities would be bombed. Life magazine gave people advice on what to do during bombing raids. I remember an article about what to do with your pets during bombing raids, because pets weren\'t allowed in the shelter. That really brought the war home to me." Chapter One Wednesday Morning, December 10, 1941 The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York City Claire Shipley was no doctor, but even she could see that the man on the stretcher was dying. His lips were blue from lack of oxygen. His cheeks were hollow, his skin leathery and tight against his bones. His eyes were open but unfocused, like the glass eyes in a box at a doll factory she’d once photographed. Although his hair was full and dark brown, not gray, Claire pegged him at over eighty. His head swayed from side to side as the orderlies slid the stretcher out of the ambulance and onto the gurney. Beneath the once-white blanket, his right leg was grotesquely swollen. Making a split-second appraisal of the scene, guided by intuition, Claire crouched and pivoted until she found the best angle. Using the 35 mm lens, she stopped down on the Leica to increase the depth of field. She took a quick series of photos, bracketing to guarantee the exposure: the patient in profile and a half-dozen nurses, doctors, and orderlies gathered around him, like a group portrait by Rembrandt, their faces saying their thoughts. They knew he was dying, too. Out here in the cold without their coats on, with the man looking dead already and nobody else nearby but Claire, they dispensed with their usual cheery and encouraging expressions. The group proceeded into the hospital. Claire followed, the others oblivious to her. She was like a spy, paid to fit in, to hide in plain sight, her identity and her loyalties concealed. Her ability to hide in plain sight was a paradox, even to herself, because she was physically striking. Had the others taken the time to notice her, they would have seen a thirty-six-year-old woman filled with the confidence and glamour of s']" == "['represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr\n\n\nE.g.\n"Clinton\'s Africa Tour" == "-- NPR\'s Charlayne Hunter-Gault reports President Clinton concludes his 12-day visit to Africa with a stop at Goree Island, Senegal." != "Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music."', "Penicillin Comes Of Age In 'A Fierce Radiance'"]"

The November election is just over three weeks away, and Californians are starting to focus on politics. Writers for three newspapers talk about the key issues in their parts of the state.

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E.g. ['', "Los Angeles Times editor Jim O'Shea announced his departure this week, saying he was fired for refusing to cut newsroom jobs. A few days later, San Francisco Chronicle editor Phil Bronstein said he would be stepping down. We look at the state of the newspaper industry in light of these developments."] == ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'The Future of Newspapers']

Sex Offender Measures. Constitutional or Not?, Field Notes: Glossopedia, Grand Ole Opry Turns 80, Focus on Technology, Hollywood in Cincinnati


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Question: New documentary examines the Darfur saga

The subject of a new film on the genocide in Darfur talks about his work to keep the world's attention on the continuing violence in Sudan.

Hear how listeners and readers of the blog reacted to recent conversations about the fate of jazz, racial profiling and the upcoming Olympic games in Beijing.


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Question: From One Of Ted's Recommended

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From one of Ted's recommended recordings, Ton Koopman (TOHN KOHP-mahn) conducts the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra and Chorus in music from the second cantata--specified for December 26th, the 2nd day of Christmas--of Bach's Christmas Oratorio. (Erato 14635-2)

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2021 Podcast By Emily M. 9/11 NPR A Cultural Disconnect: The US and Iran A Dive into Diversity Aidan Sockrider's NPR Student Contest Submission Albert Barnes All About Cancel Culture All Natural: Yellowstone National Park An Ode to Ants Anxiety In Kids and Teens AP B3 A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words A Possibly Positive Pandemic? Arab Teens Asian Stereotypes Athlete's Corner: Pandemics, Protein Shakes, and Home Workouts Auggie's Pet Podcast Avocado Mafia Break In The Story Of Laurie Dann Butterflies in our Stomach Butterflies Unscripted Candy to My Ears Charlie's Family Podcast Charlie Brown Parallels to the Past Part Two Cinthia A - NPR Podcast Challenge 2021 Climate Change Coping with Covid Covid Conversations Creativity and Nature Dancing Fire Dark 'n' Stormy Dark Childhood Theories Death By Sugar: The Great Molasses Flood Of 1919 Different Bodies, Different Reasons Dinosaurs Drinks with a Tasteful Twist Environmental Activism With Orla Malloy Escape From Alcatraz Evolution Of Slang Exhale Forget, Fix, or Forgive Food Waste Frog Bridge & The Soul of Willimantic Genres Of Music Gratitude GSNPR Podcast Contest Guinness World Records Harmful Gender Norms Haunted Hometown: Pleasanton, California Helmet Podcast Hieu Tam Pham High School Memories History of Music Hole Donut How Are Sports Affected? How Can We Stop Global Warming How the first trillionaire will come about How to Bake the World's Best Chocolate Chip Cookies How to Make Students' Lives Engaging During COVID-19 Hyphenated I Am Black Excellence If You Close Your Eyes In a Pickle Inclusion Indian Small Farmers' Fight for Democracy Industry Juniors Interviews with Grandma In The Eye Of The Storm IRL Podcast It's A Twin Thing Japanime Podcast Just Clowning Around KIDWARZ Leadership Podcast Legal Misconduct Let's Talk About Sustainability! LGBTQ discrimination Life Of A Racecar Driver Llama Podcast Local Artist LOTR Male Depression Match Of The Century Media and Reality: TV's Effect on Black Women Megan Ramirez NPR Mental Health For Students Mental Health in Movies and TV Mirror, Mirror On The Dog Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women Miss Mattie and Scooter Mouse MLK Marches in Cicero My Small Business Journey Mysterious Earth Nad - Cast 1 - 3 12 21, 10.45 PM Nate Drohan: Sleep Talk Podcast Native American Mascots Neighborhood News NMC21: Q No Longer a Child One year of distance Online or in person schooling? Operation Paperclip Opinions on Group Homes Pandemic Blues Pandemics and Students Parents Just Don't Understand Parents Vs. Kids Pickled Punks Podcast PTSD: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly Quarantine Daydreams R.O.G.U.E. Podcast Episode 4 Part 1: Authenticity Representation In Film Risk Takers Podcast Sardines Lost At Sea Scary Story Slight of Hand Sophia's Podcast on Eagles Speech And Debate Podcast Stories Around The Ghost Light: 24 Hours Before You Lose It All Survival Of The Vietnam War Taylor A's Story Technology Dating Texting While Zooming The Breakout Room The Days Before US The Degradation of the Y Chromosome The Effect Of Machismo The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly: The Electoral College The Great Emu War The Hauntings of Breckie The Hauntings of Breckie The History of Classical Music The Importance Of Self Care During A Pandemic The Inexplicable Heist The Lavender Scare The Mystery Of Roanoke Island The Podcast People There is a Banana in my Podcast The Rise Of Anti - Asian Hate The Simpsons Podcast The Speculative Implications of Trans- Temporal Travel The Subtle Things: Teacher-Student Relationships The Trolley Problem The Underlying Problems In The Gaming Industry The Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Water Rights Settlement Act The Weekend that Went Wrong This or That: School Edition Through Many Glass Ceilings Thurscast TriplePoint Two Brothers, One Mother Tye Rollins: A Hero in Scrubs and a White Coat Understanding the Hijab Unknown Monsters: Climate Change Victoria Viruses are NOT a Race Voices Of Hawaii Weird Laws in America What's Good? What is Worth Fighting For? Where Are You Daddy? Why TikTok is a Black Hole Zobia and Lila


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Question: Microsoft Drops Stock Option Grants

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Microsoft announces it will abolish its employee stock-option plan starting Sept. 1. Instead, the company will issue actual stock to its employees as part of their compensation package. Analysts' opinions differ on whether other companies are likely to follow Microsoft's lead. NPR's Wendy Kaufman reports.

State to Impose New Emissions Rules for Small Engines. Solar Initiative Launches January 1. End Music.


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Question: Why Are Southern States Lagging In Vaccinations?

Eight of the 10 states which have the lowest COVID-19 vaccination rates are in the South. Doctors and epidemiologists are trying to come up with ways to encourage more residents to get vaccinated.

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Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: Linguist Geoff Nunberg

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Nunberg talks about idiomatic expressions like "on the up and up."  What does it mean when people interpret these sayings differently?

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...Ted Talk, Slow Bern, Queen B Stings


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

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Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: Democratic Strategist and Congressman Rahm Emanuel

Rahm Emanuel, an Illinois congressman and chair of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, explains his plan for the future of the Democratic Party and the broader American political system. Emanuel is a former senior advisor to Bill Clinton and co-author of "The Plan: Big Ideas for America." [pre-recorded]

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Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Largest Earthquake To Hit The State In 2 Decades Rattles Southern California

A 6.4 magnitude earthquake struck Southern California about 150 miles northeast of Los Angeles. It is the largest earthquake in two decades to hit the state.

Good morning, here are some of the headlines we're following: As Feared, JP Morgan's Losses Are Growing; Reportedly At $3 Billion. Minorities Are Majority Of U.S. Births, Census Says. Activist Chen May Soon Have Passport, Be Able To Leave China. NATO Summit Opens This Weekend In Chicago; Pakistani President To Attend. (CNN) Trial Of Accused Serbian War Criminal Ratko Mladic Delayed Indefinitely Over Prosecution Errors. (Telegraph) Greece Gets Caretaker Government, Banking Crisis Looms. (Washington Post) Arizona Wildfire Grows Rapidly, Threatens Historic, Rural Community. (Arizona Republic) Closing Arguments Set For Today In Edwards Corruption Trial. (CBS) Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s Wife Found Dead At Home In New York (New York Times) Moderate Earthquake Shakes East Texas Early Today - Second Tremor This Week. (Longview News-Journal)


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Question: The Jamestown Project

Guest: Karen Ordahl Kupperman, the Silver Professor of History at New York University

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Pompeo Discusses Election Interference With Putin During Meeting In Sochi

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The provided query could be "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "There's growing tension between extreme and mainstream Muslims in New York City, with the Islamist Thinkers Society on one side and the Muslim Center on the other. From New York, Dina Temple Raston reports."]" and the positive "['', 'A Split Among New York City Muslims']"

Secretary of State Mike Pompeo met Tuesday in Sochi, Russia, with Russian President Vladimir Putin and his foreign minister. They sparred over Iran, Russian election meddling and Venezuela.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- United CEO Called Before Congress To Explain Eviction And Injury Of Passenger. -- Portland Police Arrest 25, Saying A May Day Rally Devolved Into 'Riot'. -- Why White Evangelicals Are 'Splintering' Politically. And here are more early headlines: Trump, Putin To Hold Phone Conversation Today. (The Hill) Heavy Rain, Flooding Threats Persist In Central U.S. (Weather.gov) U.S. Says South Korean Missile Defense System Operational. (BBC) French Presidential Candidates Trade Criticisms. (BBC) SpaceX Successfully Launches Secret Satellite For U.S. (Wired) Federal Reserve Opens 2 Day Meeting On Interest Rates. (Reuters) Venezuelan President Calls for Changes In Constitution. (CNN)


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Question: What's Making Us Happy: A Guide For Your Weekend Watching, Listening And Reading

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This week, the Emmy nominations left us, as is their wont, by turns delighted (I May Destroy You! Pose! MJ Rodriguez!), puzzled (Emily in Paris? Seriously?) and vaguely dissatisfied (Justice for Rutherford Falls!). It was also a week in which Warner Bros. and LeBron James collabbed to produce content that leverages their respective verticals, vis-à-vis brand management, and further optimizes their audience engagement. (Read: Space Jam: A New Legacy came out.) But as always, we've got some great recommendations for your weekend, let's get to them: What To Watch The White Lotus, HBOWe'll be talking about HBO's The White Lotus on the show in the coming weeks, but if you watched the first episode last Sunday and it didn't quite grab you — or if it grabbed you in a disquieting way you didn't enjoy — just understand that I was where you were, after that first ep. But something happened in the second episode — the characters started pinging off each other in surprising, sometimes uncomfortable ways. I plowed through the rest of the episodes non-stop, and I'm glad I did. So if you were on the fence, try staying up there through episode two, and see how you feel. – Glen Weldon Michael Winslow on America's Got TalentFor about 40 years, I have been following the career of Michael Winslow, the guy from the Police Academy movies who made funny noises with his mouth. He's kind of carved out a career — he's put out albums, he's done a lot of voice work, he was a founding father of beatboxing. He is genuinely one of the most talented voice actors alive, particularly in the field of sound effects. Winslow just appeared on America's Got Talent. I just love a long, rambling, weird career where you can carve out an entire life's work with that kind of skill, and I love the fact that America is getting together and briefly re-celebrating the life and career of Michael Winslow. – Stephen Thompson What We Do in the Shadows, Paramount PicturesIn advance of Wellington Paranormal's long-overdue debut in the US, I started a re-watch of FX's What We Do in the Shadows. Which led me to do a rewatch of the movie that inspired that series. And along with being reminded of how much I love that movie and want to live inside it, I realized that it also features Wellington Paranomal's two leads, playing the same parts. Wellington Paranormal was made before the FX Shadows series, and its tone hews closer to the original movie — it's drier, more deadpan. I love them all equally, in slightly different ways, and for slightly different reasons. – Glen Weldon What To Listen To "Estella" by KennyHooplaFor people who don't know who he is, KennyHoopla is among this crop of like, Hot Topic-era, emo pop, punk revivalists that Travis Barker from Blink-182 is working with. This song is a perfect, two-minute, heartsick, overly emotional, worship emo jam. It's so melodramatic and over the top. There's one line: I just died, at the thought of being alive / At the same time as you, ooh, ooh. Oh, and in the video, he does a sick backflip. I love it. — Andrew Limbong Answer Me This podcastAfter 400 episodes, the wonderful Answer Me This podcast is coming to an end. Helen Zaltzman and Olly Man (with an able assist by Martin Austwick the Sound Man) answer listeners' questions on a range of topics that those selfsame listeners seem too lazy to Google. Zaltzman, Mann and Austwick all have other gigs, but the singular joy of listening has less to do with any actual knowledge that may or may not get imparted, and everything to do with the easy, affectionate chemistry these three generate together. I'll miss that. Their back catalog is still up, and their final episode drops August 5 — you've got plenty of time to catch up beforehand. – Glen Weldon Jam and Lewis: Volume 1 by Jimmy Jam and Terry LewisJimmy Jam and Terry Lewis have released their first album. They are legends. Their most famous collaborator is Janet Jackson, but they worked with everyone from Prince and The Time to Usher. They have created some of the greatest pop songs of all time. And for the first time ever, they are now front and center. It's really good, like, grown and sexy music. There's a great interview they did with Craig Jenkins in Vulture, where they talk about all the different collaborations they've done over the years — it's a really encompassing retrospective of their career. – Aisha Harris What To Read Bubble by Jordan Morris and Sarah Morgan, illustrated by Tony Cliff, colors by Natalie RiessFriend-of-the-show Jordan Morris has a new hilarious sci-fi graphic novel Bubble, based on the serialized podcast he did over on the Maximum Fun network a while back. Co-written with Sarah Morgan with art by Tony Cliff and colors by Natalie Riess, Bubble tells the story of a bunch of young gig-economy workers trying to keep their head down and make a go of it in a city surrounded by carnivorous mutant beasties. The jokes are plentiful and land hard, the art is dynamic and gorgeous and creepy, as ne

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Investors Fear Dreaded Margin Call

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Every investor dreads margin calls. It's what happens when people borrow heavily against their assets and then see their value plummet, forcing them to sell part of their holdings to pay their lenders. When the market plunged in October, a lot of corporate executives lost chunks of their fortunes to margin calls. But the impact on the economy as a whole is even more devastating.

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Stories: 1) Could Wall Street Woes Set Off A Global Crisis? 2) After 37 Years, Zwerling Closer To 'Pop Heaven'


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Question: Tell Us About Your Favorite Romances — It's The NPR Books Summer Of Love!

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We're bringing back our famous summer reader poll this year, and as the days get longer (and the nights get hotter), we think it's the perfect time to celebrate romance. Whether you love historicals, paranormals, inspirationals, young adult, Amish, romantic suspense, contemporaries (or, like some people around here, you'd be perfectly happy never leaving the Regency), we want to hear about it! And with your help, we'll spend this summer putting together a great big bonbon box of 100 delicious love stories. Based on your recommendations, our expert panel — made up of romance authors and reviewers — will curate the final list of 100 books. Before you start nominating, here are a few guidelines: Limit yourself to five titles: But don't hesitate to nominate a book that you know someone else has already picked. We'll tally your nominations and take note of the most popular titles. Don't limit yourself otherwise: It doesn't have to be a brand-new book, and it doesn't necessarily have to be on the library's Romance shelf. If it's got a HEA — that's a "Happily Ever After" for us non-experts — and it makes your heart beat faster, tell us about it! (But don't be too sad if your pick doesn't make the final list.) Feel free to nominate a series: Shorter series like Courtney Milan's Brothers Sinister series or Nora Roberts' Bride Quartet, for example, will be considered as single, collective works — so don't bother listing the separate titles in the series. (To qualify as a collective work, the books in a series must be written by the same originating author or authors and must tell a more or less continuous story — usually about a consistent group of characters.) If it's a very large series — like Robyn Carr's Virgin River books, or Brenda Jackson's Madaris Family saga — feel free to nominate your favorite title as an individual work. Submissions are now closed! Stay tuned for the final list — and in the meantime, check out some of our other romance coverage. Thanks for sharing the love!

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"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', '(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)\nSecretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]']" == "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth:', '4 Years... 700,000 More Voters']"

Stories: 1) John Waters: A Bad Influence Picks His 'Role Models' 2) Summer Titles That Will Transport You Into The Past 3) Elizabeth Cook: Transcending A Cult Career


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Question: Potential of Human Clone Draws Skeptics

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Cloning an animal is a tedious and difficult process, as shown by six calves cloned by scientists at the U.S. Agriculture Department. So many observers are skeptical of claims of an imminent human clone. NPR's Joe Palca reports.

Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Letters from Listeners

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NPR's Renee Montagne and NPR's Steve Inskeep share listener comments.

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Wedding Announcements from Kasper Hauser's upcoming book Weddings of the Times.


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

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San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: The Face Of America Is Changing. CEO Tristan Walker Says Brands Need To Respect And Respond To That

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When Tristan Walker decided to move his company to Atlanta in 2018, the change of scenery seemed counterintuitive to the dream of becoming a Silicon Valley darling. But it was exactly what Walker envisioned. He wanted the headquarters for his brand Bevel, a health and beauty company specializing in razors for Black men, located where Black people actually live. Founded in 2013, Bevel initially focused on single-blade razors for Black men, and has since expanded its line to include hair and skin care products. The company was acquired by Procter & Gamble in 2018. Walker believes people’s differences should be recognized in the health and beauty space. “As a Black man, I have a different hair type. I have a different skin type. And those needs should be respected,” he says. “As I walk down retail aisles, I deserve not only products that work for me, but also a design experience that doesn’t make me feel like a second class citizen.” Black Americans spend about $1.3 trillion dollars per year, roughly the size of Australia’s entire GDP. Despite having so much purchasing power, Black women and men find themselves rummaging around the ethnic beauty aisle — searching for products that feature a 70-year-old Black man in a towel drinking Cognac while petting a tiger on the packaging, Walker says. Black consumers are “the most culturally influential demographic in the world,” he says. But many companies undervalue Black consumers because their employee-base doesn’t reflect the diversity of their audience. Walker & Company, which owns Bevel and women’s haircare brand Form, employs a majority of people of color and has Black women in most leadership positions to reflect its customer base. When Walked first started the company, people would tell him Black men’s shaving products were a small market of between $100 million to $200 million, compared to the desired $1 billion or more markets. To meet the needs of this underserved audience, Walker created a new market with Bevel. “No one really took a pause to ask why was the market so small?” he says. “Perhaps the market is so small because you don’t have products that serve the needs of the community.” In the wake of the killing of George Floyd, many companies have responded in different ways from rebranding Aunt Jemima to running Black Lives Matter commercials. Walker says he supports the progress and feels grateful that these actions — that should have been taken a long time ago — are happening now Companies are realizing the power consumers have to support brands that share their values, he says. Black-owned businesses have faced difficulties receiving money from the federal Paycheck Protection Program, which echoes a longstanding issue regarding access to capital. A study by the Center for Responsible Lending found that 46% of white-owned businesses could get credit from the bank compared to 23% of Black-owned businesses. The United States has about 2.5 million Black-owned businesses — but it’s estimated that 40% won’t survive the COVID-19 crisis. Some have already closed the doors for good, Walker says. People of color will make up the majority in the U.S. in the next 20 or so years. In an increasingly diverse country and world, understanding the value of representation is critical to America’s success, he says. The greatest opportunity for both nonprofit and for-profit organizations is to put capital into the bands of people with diverse perspectives, he says. “Folks of color spend more money in every single category that I can think of relative to other groups on the planet,” he says. “This is the biggest deal.” Bevel recently partnered with meditation app Headspace to offer free mental health services to Black people. Bevel’s employees and consumer base have been more greatly impacted by the two pandemics the world faces — COVID-19 and racism, he says. Within communities of color, Walker says it’s essential to recognize the impacts of years of trauma by addressing mental health. “Before I’m a CEO, before my colleagues are colleagues of mine, we are human beings who have acknowledged persistent trauma,” he says, “both emotional and physical that we’ve been disproportionately impacted by the past 400 years.” In his 20s, Walker worked as an energy trader for Lehman Brothers from 2004 to 2007, right before Hurricane Katrina and the financial collapse in 2008. He says he hated the job because he went into it trying to get “as wealthy as possible, as quickly as possible” as a result of how he grew up. He perceived Wall Street as the best way to accrue wealth but realized making other people money wasn’t fulfilling. Walker is also the father of two young boys. When Bevel got a distribution deal with Target in 2015, he took his then 2-year-old son to the store to experience the milestone with him. After putting the toddler in the cart and pushing toward the beauty aisle, Walker didn’t know where exactly to find the products. Halfway down the a

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Stories: 1) How 'Italian Food' Became A Global Sensation 2) Cyro Baptista: Sounds From Everywhere, Evoking Home 3) How Western Diets Are Making The World Sick 4) 'We're Broke': Empty Bank Accounts, Empty Meaning?


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Question: State of the Union Address

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Forum assesses President Bush's State of the Union address.

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Waitresses who Touch Too Much

Waitresses who touch too much.  Seattle Times restaurant critic Nancy Leson tells our own Dick Stein about a voice mail from an  irate diner  in this week's Food for Thought.  [3:15]

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: U.S. Shooter Matt Emmons Takes Rifle Bronze

American shooter Matt Emmons was on Time Magazine's list of chokers after suffering some mental lapses in the last Olympics. On Monday, he competed in the finals in his best discipline and took the bronze medal.

Good morning, we're looking at these stories today: Assad Names New Prime Minister, Fighting Continues In Aleppo. Done In a Day: China Wraps Up Murder Trial Of Once-Prominent Politician's Wife. Gunmen Attack Egyptian Police Station In Sinai; Follows Militant Attack On Egyptian Border Post. (UPI) George Zimmerman To Seek New 'Stand Your Ground' Hearing In Case Of Shooting Of Treyvon Martin. (Central Florida News) Home Foreclosures Fell In July, But More Homes Started The Foreclosure Process. (Philadelphia Inquirer) U.S. Assists In Agent Orange Cleanup Project In Vietnam. (Reuters) Russia's Prime Minister To Publically Blame Officials Responsible For Failed Satellite Launch. (RIA Novosti) Sick American Rescued From Antarctica Research Station, Flown To New Zealand. (ABC) Homeless Miami Man Describes Cannibalistic Attack That Destroyed Parts Of His Face. (Miami Herald) Oscar Pistorious, South African 'Blade Runner', Denied Chance To Run In Olympic Relay. (BBC)


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Question: Europe and Terrorism

U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan has proposed an international treaty denouncing terrorism. Among other measures, the proposal would outlaw attacks on civilians as a political tool. Guest:  Juan Pedro Velazquez, international deputy editor, El Pais Spain's leading Daily

Healthcare Reform Update. Eminent Domain on K Street. End Music.


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Question: Puerto Rico Gov. Ricardo Rosselló  Resigns Following Text Message Scandal

Puerto Rico's governor announced his resignation following nearly two weeks of protests. The calls for his resignation began after the publication of offensive text messages he sent.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Toyota Plans $1.3 Billion Investment In Kentucky Plant. -- Sergio García Bests Justin Rose To Win Masters, His First Major Championship.  And here are more early headlines: Gorsuch To Be Sworn In Today As Supreme Court Justice. (VOA) Tillerson Criticizes Russia Ahead Of European Trip. (New York Times) Egyptian Leader Seeks Emergency After 2 Church Bombings. (Al Jazeera) U.S. Aircraft Carrier Group Sails Toward The Koreas. (USA Today) Alabama GOP Calls On Al. Gov. Bentley To Resign. (Al.com) Church Shooter Roof To Plead Guilty In S.C. Court Today. (AP) Thousands Attend Pro-Immigrant March In Dallas. (Dallas Morning News) Majority Of Great Barrier Reef Is Bleaching Dangerously. (National Geographic


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Question: Film Review: Deceiver

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Scott speaks with Weekend Edition's entertainment critic Elvis Mitchell about the new movie "Deceiver."

Stories: 1) Dan Fante: Reliving Addictions One Page At A Time 2) Hot Chip Brings Romance To The Dance Floor 3) Damon and Soderbergh, An Informative Pair 4) Two Movie Islands, One Worth Visiting


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Question: Do Black Athletes Face Glass Ceiling?

This year, two black coaches are taking their teams to the Super Bowl. But some still see a glass ceiling in pro and college football that keeps black athletes from receiving the credit they deserve.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Responding to Your Letters

Farai Chideya and producer/editor Christopher Johnson read and respond to listeners' e-mails about our interview with an 87-year-old college graduate, our  coverage of Mumia Abu-Jamal's legal case and a recent series on mental health.

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In the aftermath of catastrophic events such as a mass shooting or natural disaster, politicians often offer up their thoughts and prayers to victims. Critics then hit back, condemning the phrase as meaningless — with no real value or impact. Now a new study from economists finds that prayers might have an actual dollar value, and they may also have real consequences for charitable giving in the wake of catastrophe, but not in the way you might think. Source: Thunström, Linda and Shiri Noy, "The Value of Thoughts and Prayers", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019 Music by Drop Electric. Find us: Twitter / Facebook / Newsletter.  Subscribe to our show on Apple Podcasts, PocketCasts and NPR One.


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: In The Loop: "Best of The LoopCast"

(Length: 47 min.) Before In The Loop went weekly, there was a little thing called The LoopCast.  We collected some of our favorite clowning from those glory days, including "This American Loop" and "Public Radio Laboratories."

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Kids' Perception Of Parents' Favoritism Counts More Than Reality

We all know which kid Mom and Dad liked best, and odds are you're thinking it's not you. But does that really make a difference? It can, researchers say, but not always the way you might think. Less-favored children are more likely to be using drugs, alcohol and cigarettes as teenagers, according to researchers at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. But what matters is not how the parents actually treat the children, but how the kids perceive it. "There's this cultural perception that you need to treat your children the same, or at least fairly," says Alex Jensen, a professor of psychology who led the study, which was published in the August Journal of Family Psychology. "But if kids perceive that it's not fair, that's when issues start to arise." Earlier studies have found that many if not most parents do have a favorite child. And though parents usually strive to hide that, it's not always successful. That differential treatment has been linked to problems with family relationships and risky behavior in teens. Jensen (the youngest of six and his mother's favorite, he says), wanted to dig deeper. So he and a colleague tested 282 teenage sibling pairs, ages 12 to 17. He asked each person how parents treated the children overall, who if anyone was favored, and how the family functioned. They found no correlation between thinking you're the unfavored child and delinquency. There was a correlation between feeling on the outs and substance abuse. But it's even more complicated than that, the researchers say. In families that weren't particularly close, the child who felt less favored was more likely to be a substance abuser. The more dramatic the difference they perceived in preferential treatment, the more likely they were to be using. But when family members were more engaged with each other, the perceived favoritism had less impact, at least when it came to substance abuse. Obviously there's a chicken-and-egg issue here; teenagers who are more likely to be using substances may just be more likely to see themselves as the odd kid out. Jensen's next task is to try to figure that out. Parents can try to minimize any ill effects of perceived favoritism by letting the kids know that you really do love them, Jensen says, annoying teenage attitude and all. "See them as individuals and love them for who they are," he told Shots. "Show them how you love them. Hopefully you do, but try to communicate that love."


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Holiday Lights Turning Green (and Red)

It still looks a lot like Christmas around the Valley, but some homeowners are spreading their cheer greenly.  KJZZ's Mark Brodie reports.

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May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Question: The Motley Fool Take

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David and Tom Gardner discuss some of the week's top business stories.


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Question: 814 QuickTake Northwest

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OPB's morning podcast of top news stories from around the Pacific Northwest.


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Question: Justice Department Politicization Reflects Bush Policy

This week, a government report said the Justice Department rejected law students for jobs two years ago based on their liberal leanings. A growing number of government positions are being politicized under the Bush administration.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


Question: Children's book writer and illustrator MAURICE SENDAK

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2: Children's book writer and illustrator MAURICE SENDAK.  He's been at it for over 40 years. His books are classics: "Where the Wild Things Are," "In the Night Kitchen," and others. They are "unsentimental fantasizes" (LA Times Magazine), challenging the belief that children should be protected from their fears and anxieties. In all, SENDAK has illustrated 80 children's books (19 of which he wrote). He's also designed over 10 opera sets, including one for "The Nutcracker." (REBROADCAST FROM 10

MIRANDA VICKERS interview continues.MIRANDA VICKERS interview continues.


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Question: 'Morning Edition' Returns: Values of a Different Sort

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In Nevada, one Republican county had its own idea of values.  In Churchill County, voters rejected a measure that would have done away with legal prostitution. Even the director of Nevada's Brothel Association pronounced himself stunned by the 2 to 1 margin.

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Stories: 1) Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'After The Earthquake' 2) From Bop To Baroque: The Modern Jazz Quartet 3) Heads Up, TV Fans: Great Shows Start This Week


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Question: 'Kaboom': Innuendo, With A Graphic-Novel Punch

Gregg Araki's Kaboom is a freewheeling sex comedy with the punch of a graphic novel and a glow that's positively unearthly. The reds, blues and violets are radiant verging on radioactive, while the buildings on the college campus where it's set loom like giant spaceships against the night sky. Sex, of which there's a lot, is central to how Araki's freshmen orient themselves to the world — that's "orient" in all senses. Eighteen-year-old Smith, played by Thomas Dekker, declares his sexual orientation to be "undeclared." He leans gay, but when women throw themselves at him, he's magically open, eager for new discoveries. He's a gorgeous, dreamy-eyed young man with a super-hot blond lesbian best friend, Stella (Haley Bennett), who's hilariously blase and wears short-shorts with clear-plastic thigh-high boots. When they sit on the grass and share notes on their lovers, their platonic vibe is hot, hot, hot. With all its eye candy and over-the-top innuendo, Kaboom is borderline camp, but I'm happy to say that it never spills over. For starters, camp was created to satirize so-called heterosexual "normalcy" — whereas what's normal here is fluid or undeclared. The movie doesn't have any straight straights to parody. The characters' emotions are pure, their libidos purer. Smith can barely contain himself around his shaggy-blond roommate, whose name is Thor, and he's equally smitten by Thor's friend Rex. But he is also drawn to a madcap British femme called London, played by Juno Temple, first seen in a red cone hat and fluffy lavender shawl. Dr. Kinsey would have a stroke watching Kaboom, but I bet he'd die happy. Yet that title is meant to suggest both orgasm and apocalypse. From the start of the film, there's an aura of dread. Smith is having bizarre and ominous dreams about what will happen on his 19th birthday, and while he is falling in and out of beds, he's also being stalked by men in masks of tigers and apes. Did he witness the murder of a red-haired woman, or was it a hallucination? It's gradually clear that the world awaiting the young and sexually liberated isn't so pretty. With Kaboom, Gregg Araki has outdone himself, which is saying a lot: Starting in the early '90s with his satirical AIDS fantasia The Living End, he's turned pop culture inside-out to explore his generation's collective unconscious. In his 2005 movie Mysterious Skin, based on Scott Heim's novel, he burrowed into the heads of child sex-abuse victims — into their mystical visions and horror of their bodies. Then he turned around and made the stoner comedy Smiley Face, which shouldn't have bombed. I liked its uninhibited silliness, and loved Anna Faris as an unemployed actress who accidentally eats a batch of pot cupcakes and drops the last surviving Communist Manifesto manuscript from a Ferris wheel. Smiley Face's loony cartoon style clearly loosened Araki up, and the mixture of tones in Kaboom is exhilarating — part Blake Edwards, part David Lynch. As Smith explores his sexuality, the Lynch-like riddles of his childhood return with a vengeance. He tries to get answers from his highly sexed mom, played by Kelly Lynch, about the dad he was told died in a car accident. Somehow, because of what happened before Smith was born, the fate of the world now hangs by a thread. I suspect that, on some crazy level, today's college freshmen, with their adventurous, unfettered sexuality and end-of-civilization anxieties, will be able to relate. Kaboom could be their anthem. (Recommended) DAVID BIANCULLI, host:  With his breakout film of the living end and the doomed generation in the early 90s and mysterious skin in 2005, director Gregg Araki became a leading figure in gay independent cinema. His new comedy, "Kaboom," features college students with a somewhat fluid sexuality. Kaboom is now playing in New York and L.A. and also is available as pay-per-view feature on IFC on Demand.  Film critic David Edelstein has this review.  DAVID EDELSTEIN: "Kaboom" is a free-wheeling sex comedy with a punch of a graphic novel and a glow that's positively unearthly. The reds, blues and violets are radiant verging on radioactive. While the buildings on the college campus where it's set loom like giant spaceships against the night sky.  The sex, of which there is a lot, is central to how writer-director Gregg Araki's characters orient themselves to the world. That's orient in all senses.  Eighteen-year-old Smith played by Thomas Dekker, declares his sexual orientation to be "undeclared." He leans gay, but when women throw themselves at him, he's magically open, eager for new discoveries. He's a gorgeous, dreamy-eyed young man with a super-hot blond lesbian best friend, Stella, played by Haley Bennett, who's hilariously blas� and wears short-shorts with clear-plastic thigh-high boots. And when they sit on the grass, and share notes on their lovers, their platonic vibe is hot, hot, hot.  With all its eye candy and over-the-top innuendo, "Kaboom" is borderline camp, but

Stories: 1) Allison Pearson's 'Love' Letter To Keith Partridge 2) A Twisty, Brutal 'Drive' For A Level-Headed Hero


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Who's Carl This Time

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: "Tech Support, this is Barack. How may I assist you?"; The NSA Out-Google's Google; The Hillbilly Champs.

In this edition of This, That, or the Other, contestants must decide: is it a Danielle Steel novel, a Talking Heads song, or a Wrestlemania tagline? Heard on Javier Muñoz & David Harbour: The World Turned Upside Down


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Question: Linguist Geoff Nunberg

Linguist Geoff Nunberg considers the efforts to make talking robots.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...Ted Talk, Slow Bern, Queen B Stings


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Question: Actress/painter MARY WORONOV

Actress/painter MARY WORONOV. She was part of Andy Warhol's "Factory" in the 1960s. She was discovered while still a college student and was in Warhol's film, "Chelsea Girls," about New York bohemian life. She has a new memoir about those years, Swimming Underground: My Years in the Warhol Factory (Journey Editions). (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW


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Question: Jim Brady: An Unlikely Conservative

Jim Brady knows he's an unlikely conservative.  His mother was just 15 when he was born. He grew up in the shadows of steel mills, and his mom married a blue-collar GM worker when Brady was 6 years old.  But Brady says he has a contrarian streak. He is a rare African-American Republican in Ohio's heavily Democratic Cuyahoga County, though he says there are more in the area than people think.  He sometimes gets flack for his views. While he leans right, he jokes that he put "Republicrat" on his Facebook profile because his views do not always fall in step with the party line. He says the civil rights era made it possible for him to have his conservative views today. Brady paid his way through college by joining the military. He served as a lieutenant in the Army and fought in the Gulf War; he named a son Colin after Colin Powell, who was chairman of the joint chiefs of staff during that conflict. Today, he works at an international risk management company that provides security in places like Iraq. Not surprisingly, Brady favors a strong military.  Long apolitical, Brady waded into local politics earlier this year, serving as a councilman in Shaker Heights. He implores local leaders to do more to attract businesses to northeast Ohio, a region suffering from the decline of manufacturing and the mortgage crisis.  This will be Brady's first convention. He was initially a Rudy Giuliani delegate — drawn to the former New York mayor's centrist views. He now supports John McCain. Going to the convention is an honor, he says, but he admits he's a little cynical about national politics and prefers to put most of his efforts into local issues.  Brady's adopted father, the GM worker, says he still doesn't know how he raised a Republican. Dan Bobkoff reports for WCPN in Cleveland.

Stories: 1) Lizza's 'Brief' Take On A Biden Vice Presidency 2) Absolutely Absurd: The World Of Larry Charles


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Question: Senate Inquiry Targets Televangelists

This week, the Senate Finance Committee launched an investigation into the coffers of six so-called "mega churches."  The committee is investigating possible financial wrongdoing by six televangelists, including Benny Hinn, Creflo Dollar, Joyce Meyer, Kenneth Copeland, Paula White and Eddie Long. NPR's Tony Cox talks with ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee, Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa), about the inquiry. TONY COX, host:  From NPR News, this is NEWS & NOTES. I'm Tony Cox.  Six so-called mega churches got notices this week that they are being investigated by the United States Senate. The Senate Finance Committee asked the Christian ministries to document purchases including property, cars, aircraft, and in one case, a $23,000 marble-topped toilet. The items are suspected to have been purchased with tax exempt funds. The ministries singled out are those of Kenneth Copeland, Eddie L. Long, Paula White, Joyce Meyer, Benny Hinn, and Creflo Dollar. The investigation aims to find out if the biggest beneficiaries of these tax exempt organizations are the ministers themselves.  With me now, from the Senate Finance Committee, Senator Charles Grassley from Iowa. Senator, welcome to the program.  Sen. CHARLES "CHUCK" GRASSLEY (Republican, Iowa): Well, I'm very glad to be with you. Thank you for having me.  COX: Question number one, what prompted you to start this investigation, why now, and can we assume that the six targeted ministries are at the top of the list with regard to suspected financial impropriety?  Sen. GRASSLEY: Yeah. Well, first of all, emphasis upon suspected or allegations because we don't know anything and won't know until they answer our letters. See, this investigation is a continuity of where we've been on non-profits for the last five years - Red Cross, Nature Conservancy, American universities, Smithsonian Institute - just to name four of several non-profits we've been looking into. And so, I think I have a reputation for pleasing non-profits and, of course, ministries come into that. And then from that standpoint, the Finance Committee has jurisdiction over all taxes. We want to maintain the credibility of the tax exemption. And then on the other hand, if you're a non-profit designated by IRS, you have a responsibility to do what non-profits do. So, we want to make sure that they're trustees of the contributor's money.  COX: If potentially illegal activity is suspected, enough so that you're launching the Senate investigation, why not issue subpoenas?  Sen. GRASSLEY: Well, we only use subpoenas if people don't comply voluntarily and these letters just went out 48 hours ago, and I assume that they're going to respond to our questions and that subpoenas won't be needed. Once in a while, we have to use subpoenas, but at that point - we'll reach that point after December the 6th when we've had a deadline on answering our letters, and then several weeks - several days it'll take to go over the information we get, but I assume that they're going to cooperate. We've even had positive reports from some of them that they were going to cooperate.  COX: What consequences, Senator Grassley, might there be if nothing improper is found or proven given the political clout of the Christian conservative community, especially during a presidential election, or in other words, how risky is this investigation politically?  Sen. GRASSLEY: Well, it's - from what standpoint is your question coming from in regard to it being risky? You mean to Chuck Grassley or to presidential candidates or to the Republicans versus the Democrats?  COX: I meant to all of the above, sir.  Sen. GRASSLEY: Okay. Well, I don't think there's any risk whatsoever. In fact, I would say, as the leader of the Finance Committee, it'd be very risky if I wasn't doing my constitutional job of oversight of the IRS; my job to make sure that the tax laws are being enforced; my job of making sure that the tax exemption is maintained its credibility because credibility's very important in our tax laws and we want to encourage charitable giving. And if there's nothing wrong, there's nothing wrong. And in a lot of our investigations, we find that there's nothing wrong. And then from that standpoint, that's the end of it.  COX: Final thing is this, sir. Many of these churches cultivate the idea of a prosperity gospel that good works are rewarded with material gains, and that's not a new nor a novel concept. Do you believe, Senator Grassley, that the expenditures that you are investigating are morally wrong as well as potentially illegal?  Sen. GRASSLEY: Well, I can make no judgment on something being morally wrong because that's getting into the doctrine, and we're not interested in the doctrine or missions of these churches. We respect the First Amendment separation of church and state. But churches are non-profits. Every non-profit organization has to abide by the same tax laws. The only thing different for churches versus other non-profits is


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins Martin

Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their regular visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they discuss, and Ted recommends recordings of, the 12 concerti grossi that the great baroque composer Arcangelo Corelli published as his Opus 6.

Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates