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Question: Military Recruitment

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have left the armed forces stretched thin, putting more pressure on military recruiters. The Department of Defense reports that after missing its recruiting goals in 2005, the Army lowered its standards by allowing recruits with criminal records or low scores on aptitude tests to enlist anyway. Here in California, the National Guard is also struggling to attract and retain recruits. Membership in the Guard has been steadily dropping for more than a decade.With those challenges in mind, recruiters continue visiting high schools and colleges in hopes of convincing young men and women that military service is a good option for them.

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Question: R. Kelly Allegations

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Host Tavis Smiley welcomes back regular commentator Michael Eric Dyson to discuss the allegations against singer R. Kelly that he engaged in sex with a minor. Dyson speculates on the damage the incident will inflict on Kelly's career and mental health.

Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.


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Question: Yugoslavia Background

Host Bob Edwards talks with Tim Judah, a British journalist who has covered the conflict in the Balkans for the last decade. Judah is the author of The Serbs: History, Myth, and the Destruction of Yugoslavia and gives his analysis on the recent events in Belgrade. (4:20)
{The Serbs: History, Myth, and the Destruction of Yugoslavia by Tim Judah is published by Yale University Press ISBN 1-300-08507-9}

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The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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"['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details', 'StoryCorps: Monique Ferrer']" == "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Monique Ferrer remembers Michael Trinidad, who worked for Cantor Fitzgerald and was killed in the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001.']" != "['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Stories: 1) From 'The Eye of the Storm,' a Bishop's Calm Voice 2) Reissued Hits from Costello, Beck and Skynyrd"]"

Question: Lift Every Voice and Sing

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As part of NPR's series Present at the Creation, reporter David Person takes a look at the history of Lift Every Voice and Sing, written by James Weldon Johnson and Rosamond Johnson. The song is widely regarded as the black national anthem.

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A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: Military Recruitment

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In the first of a three-part series, NPR's Martha Raddatz reports on the difficulties the military services are having in recruiting qualified men and women. For the first time, the Navy missed its recruiting goal for the year, while the Army and Air Force barely made theirs. This first report focuses on some of the reasons behind this recruiting slump.

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School Funding, Focus On Technology, National Audubon Society, The Android's Dream, Chase's Calendar of Events, Letters from Iwo Jima, Commentary: Exercise and Pre-teen Martial Arts


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Question: Sustainable Development

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NPR's Christopher Joyce reports on the professionals who calculate the pricetag of nature: so-called, "ecological economists." Their profile is growing as delegates from around the world travel to South Africa for a summit on sustainable development later this month.

Public Financing of Political Campaigns, The Legend of St. Nicholas, Field Notes: Gorillas, Focus on Technology, Gluten-Free Living, The Big Screen: Forever


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Question: Democratic Lawmakers In Texas Have Left The State To Try To Block Voting Restrictions

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The Texas House Democratic Caucus has confirmed that Democrats have fled the state in an effort to block Republican voting restrictions from advancing in a special legislative session.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Assessing the Art, Science of 'Inconvenient Truth'

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The new documentary, An Inconvenient Truth, is about global warming -- and former Vice President Al Gore's long quest to raise awareness about the issue. Bob Mondello, NPR film critic, and Richard Harris, NPR science correspondent, talk to Michele Norris about their evaluation of the art and science of An Inconvenient Truth. Film critic Mondello says he was "skeptical" before seeing the movie. Instead, he discovered an "elaborate, gorgeous" movie filled with impressive digital effects. He also found that the Al Gore of the film is a "different" Al Gore than the public is accustomed to hearing: pensive, funny and thoughtful about an issue that he calls a "planetary emergency." Science correspondent Harris agrees that the movie is effective, particularly in conveying the complexity of the issue.  "It really does take an hour and a half to start to really understand global warming," Harris says. He says Gore -- and the film -- get the "big picture" on climate change right. On some of the finer points, though, Harris says there is still scientific debate. And that sometimes isn't reflected as clearly in An Inconvenient Truth.  The reason behind the melting of Mount Kilimanjaro's snows is an example of this. As Harris notes, the snows have been melting since the turn of the last century. This may possibly be because of decreased rainfall, not increased temperatures, as Gore argues. MELISSA BLOCK, Host:  From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Melissa Block. MICHELE NORRIS, Host:  And I'm Michele Norris. Al Gore's new film, An Inconvenient Truth, opens in theatres today. It's a documentary about climate change. Well, actually, it's about Al Gore and his long quest to raise awareness about global warming, an issue he calls a planetary emergency. The film was produced by Davis Guggenheim and as a starting point, it uses Al Gore's standard lecture on climate change, a slick presentation that includes charts, graphs, disturbing photographs and pithy cartoons. As Gore travels the globe to deliver that lecture time and time again, the film attempts to explain the science behind climate change and why more is not being done to reverse it. (SOUNDBITE OF AN INCONVENIENT TRUTH) AL GORE: I've seen scientists who were persecuted, ridiculed, deprived of jobs, income, simply because the facts they discovered led them to an inconvenient truth. NORRIS: We've turned to two our in-house experts to critique An Inconvenient Truth on the basis of both science and entertainment. Richard Harris has covered climate change for many years here at NPR and Bob Mondello is our resident film critic. Both are here with me in the studio. Good to be with both you. BOB MONDELLO: And you. RICHARD HARRIS: Likewise. NORRIS: Now it's a tall order to make a scintillating film that's essentially based on a slide show. I want to get to specifics in just a minute. But first of all, did the film hold up for you? First Bob. MONDELLO: Well, it's so much more than a slide show. It's really elaborate and gorgeous and lots of digital effects. And I think it's a pretty terrific picture. In fact, it's the kind of thing I was completely skeptical going in. When you hear that this is essentially him giving a lecture about global warming, you think, oh gosh, that's going to be dry as dust. But you could hear from that clip we just played that it's a different Al Gore than you're used to hearing. He's more pensive, he's more thoughtful and he's also pretty funny in the picture, which is kind of nice, too. NORRIS: But he walks us through quite a bit of science and he takes his time to do it. Was this effective for you, Richard? HARRIS: It was. And I came away from this thinking, wow, it really does take an hour and a half to start to really understand global warming. And I think that's one reason it's been such a difficult issue to convey. I mean I've been trying for years and years. A lot of people have been writing about it and reading about it, but it is a very deeply complicated issue. He did a good job in the big picture. People quibble about some of the details, but the big, big picture was, you know, I think he got the story across. NORRIS: The details are important, though, and I want to ask you about some of the specifics in the film. There's a section in the film where Al Gore actually talks about the debate over global warming. He tries to put this debate to rest. Does he essentially do that? Can we lay down the gavel now? HARRIS: Well it is absolutely the case that carbon dioxide is building up in the atmosphere. There's no question about that. There's no question that human activities are responsible for that carbon dioxide going into the atmosphere. There's also no question that carbon dioxide is capable of raising global temperature. So there is no controversy over that. However - and this is always the problem with global warming - is once you start to get into the particulars, that's where it starts to get sticky. And for example, one examp

Stories: 1) Our Confusing Economy, Explained 2) Parsing Obama's 'National Conversation'


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Question: Apple Isn't (Intentionally) Stealing Your Music, But You Might Want To Back Up Your Library

A blog post called "Apple Stole My Music" is making the rounds and its popularity highlights confusion about owning music in the age of streaming services.

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Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


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Question: Sustainable Development

The U.N. Conference on Sustainable Development kicks off Monday in Johannesburg, South Africa. Host Brian Naylor talks to NPR's Richard Harris about who'll be attending the conference, and what they hope to accomplish.


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Question: Karissa Sanbonmatsu: What Can Epigenetics Tell Us About Sex And Gender?

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Part 4 of the TED Radio Hour episode The Biology Of Sex We're used to thinking of DNA as a rigid blueprint. Karissa Sanbonmatsu researches how our environment affects the way DNA expresses itself—especially when it comes to sex and gender. About Karissa Sanbonmatsu Karissa Sanbonmatsu is a principal investigator at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the New Mexico Consortium, where she studies the mechanism of non-coding RNA systems, including ribosomes, riboswitches and long non-coding RNAs. She published some of the first structural studies of epigenetic long non-coding RNAs and is currently studying the mechanism of epigenetic effects involving chromatin architecture. Sanbonmatsu is also on the board of Equality New Mexico and the Gender Identity Center and is an advocate for LGBTQ+ people in the sciences. She has a PhD in Astrophysical Sciences from the University of Colorado Boulder. This segment of TED Radio Hour was produced by Christina Cala and edited by Sanaz Meshkinpour. You can follow us on Twitter @TEDRadioHour and email us at TEDRadio@npr.org.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Folk Alley Presents: The Howlin' Brothers

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"['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.\nOn Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]']" == "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan']"

The Nashville string band The Howlin' Brothers — Jared Green, Ian Craft and Ben Plasse — got its name from a classical-guitar teacher in Ithaca, N.Y. There, the group was known for its lively performances of old-time and bluegrass music around campfires. Shortly thereafter, The Howlin' Brothers headed to Music City to make a home playing clubs and honky tonks in the area. Now in its ninth year, the band is out with a new album, Trouble — its second produced by The Raconteurs' Brendan Benson. Here, The Howlin' Brothers' members perform "Pack Up Joe" for WKSU's Folk Alley at the Beehive Productions studio in Saranac Lake, N.Y. SET LIST  "Pack Up Joe"

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E.g.:
['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Day to Day commentator Marcos McPeek Villatoro offers his personal reflections on the game of baseball, from his days as a nervous fifth-grade outfielder to his recent experience as a fan at a Los Angeles Dodgers game.'] == ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details!', 'Marcos McPeek Villatoro: Baseball Memories']


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Question: What Are You Giving Up For Lent?

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Today is Ash Wednesday, the first day in the Christian season of Lent – the 40 days before Easter. Lent is about a lot of things, but the one everyone talks about is sacrifice: giving up something you really like. The Rev. James Martin, a Jesuit priest and editor-at-large of America magazine, discusses Lent, why it’s important and what he’s giving up this year, with Here & Now’s Jeremy Hobson. Guest

James Martin, Jesuit priest and editor-at-large of America magazine. His latest book is “Jesus: A Pilgrimage.” He tweets @JamesMartinSJ.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Border Clash; Uber-stepping Boundaries; Do They Know It's Condescension Time At All.


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Question: Intellectual Property

NPR's Kathy Schalch reports on efforts by trade representatives of the World Trade Organization (W.T.O.) to forge an agreement on intellectual property rights. The agreement that created the WTO requires member nations to change their laws, if necessary, to protect copyrights and patents. Some developing nations fear that the enforcement of intellectual property rules will hurt them. Some of the strictest rules involve pharmaceuticals.

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: U.S. Ethics Official: Trump's Divestiture Is Hard, Pricey And Essential

At a Wednesday press conference, President-elect Donald Trump and his lawyer described the steps the real estate mogul would take to separate from his business empire while in office. It wasn't nearly enough, according to Office of Government Ethics Director Walter Shaub. "The president is now entering a world of public service," Shaub said in a speech at the Brookings Institution. "He's going to be asking his own appointees to make sacrifices. He's going to be asking our men and women in uniform to risk their lives in conflicts around the world. So no, I don't think divestiture is too high a price to pay to be the president of the United States of America." Trump said on Wednesday that among other moves, he would hand all management of his businesses to his sons, who would make no new foreign deals and would need an ethics review of any new domestic deals. Divestiture would require him to go much further. It would mean the sale of all of the president's assets, with their value conveyed to a blind trust — and an investment portfolio of which he and his family would have no knowledge or control. Of course, no past U.S. president has had business holdings of the scale or complexity of the president-elect's. Trump lawyer Sheri Dillon said at the press conference that would make divestiture unworkable, NPR's Jackie Northam reported. "The Trump brand is key to the value of the Trump Organization's assets," Dillon said. "If Trump sold his brand, he'd be entitled to the royalties for the use of it." And if the brand was mothballed entirely, the value of Trump's holdings would crater, and they would have to be sold off in a fire sale. Nevertheless, that's what Shaub said needs to happen — both to completely safeguard against conflicts of interest, and to set an example. "The ethics program starts at the top — the signals a president sends [set] a tone across the executive branch," Shaub said, adding that "officials in any administration need their president to show ethics matters, not only through words but through deeds." The ethics official pointed to the steps undertaken by Secretary of State nominee Rex Tillerson, whose separation from Exxon Mobil reportedly will cost the former CEO about $7 million. "Mr. Tillerson's making a clean break from Exxon," he said. "His ethics agreement serves as a sterling model for what we'd like to see with other nominees." Unlike the president, Shaub said, Tillerson worked closely with the ethics office to create his divestment plan. And it's not just inside the government that the president's example matters, Shaub said. The ethics program run by the executive branch, including presidential divestment, has been viewed as a gold standard internationally, he said, with the office frequently consulting with governments in the developing world to set up similar programs.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Monsanto Calls Bayer's $62 Billion Takeover Offer 'Financially Inadequate'

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Monsanto has rejected a $62 billion takeover bid from Bayer as "incomplete and financially inadequate," but left the door open to further negotiations with the German chemical and pharmaceutical giant. "We believe in the substantial benefits an integrated strategy could provide to growers and broader society, and we have long respected Bayer's business," Monsanto Chairman and CEO Hugh Grant said in a statement. "However, the current proposal significantly undervalues our company and also does not adequately address or provide reassurance for some of the potential financing and regulatory execution risks related to the acquisition." The statement appears to signal that St. Louis-based Monsanto is open to further talks with Bayer but, as was widely expected, wants more money and better terms before it accepts a deal. The seed company also left the ball in Bayer's court, saying it wouldn't make any further statements. In the meantime, it said, no guarantee exists that a deal will be reached. Monsanto's decision to hold out for more money means Bayer will be forced to sweeten its terms, which likely won't sit well with investors. Many are already said to be worried about the impact of a deal on Bayer's bottom line, and shares of the company fell Monday after details of the offer were announced. A merger between the companies would create the world's largest supplier of seeds and agricultural chemicals. Monsanto is also a leader in the field of genetically modified seeds. But a slowdown in commodity prices and a drop in farm income have hurt the company, Bloomberg reported:  "Despite its preeminence in seeds, Monsanto has become vulnerable to a takeover as a number of problems piled up this year. The company has cut its earnings forecast, clashed with some of the world's largest commodity-trading companies and become locked in disputes with the governments of Argentina and India."  Bayer had no immediate comment about Monsanto's rejection of the bid.

Good Friday morning, here are our early headlines: Kerry Warns North Korea, But Holds Out Hope For Diplomacy.  Dodgers' $147 Million Ace Greinke Breaks Collarbone In Brawl.  And here are more early headlines: Deadly Spring Storm Exits Midwest, Heads South. (AP) Authorities Intercept Suspicious Package Addressed To Controversial Arizona Sheriff. (Arizona Republic) Bankruptcy Judge Rejects $20 Million Severance For American Airlines CEO. (Dallas Morning News) NASDAQ Cuts Its CEO's Bonus Over Bungled Facebook IPO. (Reuters) Venezuelans To Vote On Sunday For Chavez Successor. (Bloomberg) Bailed Out Cyprus To Ask For Fresh Financial Help. (BBC) Early American Christian Hymnal Could Fetch $30 Million At Auction. (Christian Post) Seaweed Latte, Bacon Coffee Featured At National Barista Competition. (CBS) At Masters Tournament, 14-Year-Old Golfer Plays Beyond His Years. (ESPN)


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Question: State Legislatures Shut Down Due To Coronavirus, Leaving Legislation On The Table

Several state legislatures have called off their 2020 sessions due to the coronavirus outbreak, leaving necessary lawmaking in question.

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Question: Hillary Clinton Takes on Health Care Again

In 1993, as first lady, Hillary Rodham Clinton led the Clinton administration's failed effort to provide universal health care coverage. Now, as Sen. Clinton (D-NY), she's raising new proposals for reforming the troubled health care system. Clinton's article "Now Can We Talk About Health Care?" will be the cover story in Sunday's New York Times Magazine. The former first lady discusses the article and her proposals with NPR's Scott Simon. Among her recommendations is legislation to prohibit insurance companies from discriminating against people whom genetic tests determine are susceptible to certain diseases.  She also favors establishing a system of electronic medical records that would give people who move or travel instant access to their medical information.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Question: How The Systemic Segregation Of Schools Is Maintained By 'Individual Choices'

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Sixty-three years after the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education, many schools across the country either remain segregated or have re-segregated. Journalist Nikole Hannah-Jones tells Fresh Air's Terry Gross that when it comes to school segregation, separate is never truly equal. "There's never been a moment in the history of this country where black people who have been isolated from white people have gotten the same resources," Hannah-Jones says. "They often don't have the same level of instruction. They often don't have strong principals. They often don't have the same technology." Still, when it was time for Hannah-Jones' daughter, Najya, to attend kindergarten, the journalist chose the public school near their home in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, even though its students were almost all poor and black or Latino. Hannah-Jones later wrote about that decision in The New York Times Magazine. For Hannah-Jones, sending Najya to the neighborhood school was a moral issue. "It is important to understand that the inequality we see, school segregation, is both structural, it is systemic, but it's also upheld by individual choices," she says. "As long as individual parents continue to make choices that only benefit their own children ... we're not going to see a change." Hannah-Jones adds that her daughter is thriving at school. "I know she's learning a lot," she says. "I think it is making her a good citizen. ... It is teaching her that children who have less resources than her are not any less intelligent than her or not any less worthy than her."  Interview highlights On why she chose to send her young daughter to the public school in her neighborhood One of the things I've done in my work is kind of show the hypocrisy of progressive people who say they believe in inequality, but when it comes to their individual choices about where they're going to live and where they're going to send their children, they make very different decisions, and I just didn't want to do that. So for me it was a matter of needing to live my values, and not being someone who contributed to the inequality that I write about. On the importance of having students from different races and income levels in the public schools The original mission of public schools ... is this understanding that no matter where you come from, you will go into the doors of a school and every child will receive the same education. And no, my daughter is not going to get an education that she would get if I paid $40,000 a year in private-school tuition, but that's kind of the whole point of public schools. And I say this — and it always feels weird when I say it as a parent, because a lot of other parents look at you a little like you're maybe not as good of a parent — I don't think she's deserving of more than other kids. I just don't. I think that we can't say "This school is not good enough for my child" and then sustain that system. I think that that's just morally wrong. If it's not good enough for my child, then why are we putting any children in those schools?  On the history of school desegregation since the 1954 Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education  Brown v. Board happens, and the way that we're taught it or the myth about it is immediately our nation repented and went into an integrated future together. That's not what happened. There was massive resistance, and we don't see real desegregation occurring in this country until 1964, and really most rapidly from 1968 on. ... Then you see pretty rapid desegregation particularly in the South, but then that changes, and in 1988 we start to go backwards. So we reach kind of the peak of schools integrating, of black students attending majority white schools at the highest rates that they ever have in the country, and then we start to see school districts re-segregating, which means black students are starting to go to schools that are more and more segregated. And school districts that had had a degree of integration are losing that integration. ... On American resistance to desegregating schools and housing When I started what I kind of call the segregation beat about five years ago ... I think we had stopped talking about this as a problem. If you look at No Child Left Behind, which comes out of the Bush administration, that was all about giving up on integration in schools and just saying, "We're going to make these poor black and Latino schools equal to white schools by testing and accountability." So no one was discussing integration anymore. I think it's because ... we never really wanted this. ... It's always had to be forced, and as soon as ... our elected officials and our courts lost the will to force it, most white Americans were just fine with that. ... One of the things that I really try to do with my work is show how racial segregation and racial inequality was intentionally created with a ton of resources. From the federal government, to the state, to city govern

Stories: 1) Heroin, The Taliban And The 'Seeds Of Terror' 2) Reducing Suicide Rates In The Military


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Question: How The Widespread Mask Use Could Slow The Coronavirus Pandemic

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NPR's Mary Louise Kelly talks with Dr. Atul Gawande, a staff writer for the New Yorker, about the efficacy of different face masks and why masks remain essential in dealing with the coronavirus.

Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Medicare Web 'Drug Finder' Hits Snags

Just days before enrollment begins for Medicare's new prescription drug benefit, Medicare officials finally got a crucial program up and running on their Web site. The new "Prescription Drug Plan Finder" is supposed to help people pick their drug coverage.  Medicare beneficiaries in most parts of the country have more than 40 different plans to choose from.  But a new survey finds that it's going to take a lot more than an elaborate computer program to help seniors sign up.  When Medicare officials demonstrated the new Drug Plan Finder for reporters earlier this week, Medicare's Mary Agnes Laureno searched for a benefit plan for a fictitious Iowa widow, Mary Jones, who takes three drugs to treat her diabetes and high blood pressure.  "You can see here we have the pharmacies that are available in this plan's network in this geographic area," Laureno explains with the click of her mouse. But making choices using the program got more complicated, particularly when it became clear that the drug plan the program picked as the best and cheapest for Mary Jones was one that didn't cover her diabetes drug. "You can see here with the Glucophage, it has the two little asterisks saying this drug is not on the plan's formulary," said Laureno. That means  Mrs. Jones would have to pay the full cost of that medication from her own pocket. Drug Plan Finder has other complex features, too. In some cases the Web program has footnotes that show the program does not have all the information a Medicare recipient needs.  Deane Beebe of the Medicare Rights Center, a New York-based consumer group, encountered a footnote while she was testing the program. "It explained that there may be rules like prior authorization, quantity limits, or step therapy in order to receive my drug. And it asked me to call the drug plan to find out more about that," Beebe said. But that didn't turn out to be so easy. After waiting on hold for 10 minutes, "I did finally speak to somebody who said to me that it was a very good idea for me to call and ask these questions, but he was unable to give me an answer," she said. He transferred her to another person who he said could help, but, according to Beebe, after another half hour wait, "nobody ever came through on the line and I had to hang up."  Mark McClellan, who heads the Medicare program, says the Drug Plan Finder is a valuable tool for Medicare beneficiaries to use.  He says, "This is an unprecedented program in terms of the level of detail available about prescription drug costs on your medicine at your local pharmacy." He maintains it is an effective "way for people to make a confident decision about coverage."  But it turns out that Medicare beneficiaries are anything but confident about the new Medicare prescription drug program. A survey of people eligible for Medicare was released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation and Harvard School of Public Health. Harvard's Robert Blendon, who analyzed the poll says,  "If the choice were made today, a lot of seniors would not be enrolling in a drug benefit." The survey polled more than 800 seniors and was conducted in late October. It found that only a fifth of Medicare beneficiaries definitely plan to sign up for the new coverage, including fewer than a third of those who don't have any drug coverage now. Forty-five percent of those who said they're not sure if they'll participate said they doubt the optional drug benefit will save them money. Thirty-seven percent said they're just plain overwhelmed by the number of choices involved in signing up for the program.   The survey also cast doubt on how much Medicare's new Web program will help those people. Less than a quarter of the Medicare beneficiaries said they've ever even been on the Internet. And while operators staffing the program's toll-free 1-800-MEDICARE hotline can walk those without computer access through their options, nearly half of those surveyed were also unaware of that service.      RENEE MONTAGNE, host:       Enrollment may begin in Medicare's new prescription drug benefit next      Tuesday. This week, Medicare officials finally got a crucial program      running on their Web site.  It's supposed to help people pick a drug      plan, but a new survey finds that it's going to take a lot more than a      fancy computer program to help seniors sign up.  NPR's Julie Rovner      reports.       JULIE ROVNER reporting:       It's different in different parts of the country, but generally, Medicare      beneficiaries have more than 40 separate choices for prescription drug      coverage.  Medicare officials hope their new Web program will help      seniors succeed at sorting through all their drug coverage options.      Earlier this week, Medicare's Mary Agnes Luareno demonstrated the program      for reporters. She was searching for a plan for a fictitious Iowa widow      named Mary Jones, who takes three drugs to treat her diabetes and high      blood pressure.  At first, the task seemed

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Question: Actor And Martial Arts Legend Sonny Chiba Has Died At 82

Shinichi "Sonny" Chiba looked like he knew how to crack a skull. In his 1974 international breakout movie, The Street Fighter, Chiba plays a mercenary who relentlessly smashes goons' faces, breaks their bones and punches them so hard they spit up in visceral gushes. A cult figure in the United States, Chiba found wider popularity after appearing in such films as the Kill Bill series and The Fast and The Furious: Tokyo Drift. Chiba died Thursday at age 82, his management company announced. His friend Ryuji Yamakita, the director and producer of Chiba's final film, confirmed he died in a hospital in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, following complications from COVID-19. Sonny Chiba was a prolific actor in Japanese film and TV, working closely with the famed production company Toei. His fame broadened with the international release of The Street Fighter, a bloody trudge through the Japanese underground that upon its American release was billed as having the "first X-rated fight scenes in screen history." The movie lived up to its press hype, with Sonny Chiba brute-forcing his way through nameless bad guys. (Be warned that in the clip below, Chiba punches out an opponent's teeth).  Perhaps Chiba's biggest booster in the United States was writer and director Quentin Tarantino, who wrote a reference to him into 1993's True Romance, cribbed the famed Ezekiel 25:17 speech in Pulp Fiction from the opening of a Chiba movie, and finally cast him as the retired swordsmith Hattori Hanzo in the Kill Bill movies.  Outside of his onscreen work, Chiba formed the Japan Action Club, where he trained aspiring martial arts actors and stunt workers. This was inspired by a love of American action movies, he told the crowd through a translator at GalaxyCon Raleigh in 2019. He said that people misunderstood the "action" in the group's name to refer to "action movies." Instead, he said, he meant it to refer to filmmaking more broadly—as in lights, camera, action.

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