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Question: Review: Carlos Niño & Friends, 'Flutes, Echoes, It's All Happening!'

Note: NPR's First Listen audio comes down after the album is released.   If you've been emotionally connected to Los Angeles' underground soul and beat scene in the past 20 years, chances are you've been in Carlos Niño's presence. The producer and multi-instrumentalist's resume is filled with important radio programs (KPFK's Spaceways, as well as the web-based Dublab, which he co-founded), events (producing DJ Shadow and Cut Chemist's legendary Brainfreeze show in 2000), and collaborations (treasured jazz players like Hamid Drake and Phil Ranelin, electronic producers like Daedalus and Dntel, New Age music original Iasos, Doors drummer John Densmore and many others). His sterling reputation is only one reason why, when Niño calls on "friends" to put together an album, quality, relevance and passion are a given. The only question that remains: "What's the musical direction?" On Flutes, Echoes, It's All Happening!, the answer is spiritual enlightenment and the various sonic paths that lead its players and listeners to a higher state of consciousness. If the notion that a specially blended mix — of wistful New Age harps and percolating Space Age strings, of beat-heavy bass and nature sounds, of astral jazz exploration and sonic black holes — can make a difference in your life, then you may have arrived at nirvana. Because this mix is an ascendant, often moving 40 minutes of music. As a constructed piece, Flutes is a collage, as Niño splices together broadcasts, live performances, new and old studio recordings, other people's leftovers and newly added layers to create beautiful new creatures. As an emotionally serious piece of music, it attempts to find peace through a wall of sound — and not have it end up sounding boring, samey or preachy. The closest thing to a cheap thrill here lies at the close of "It's All Happening," the album's most rhythmically forceful track. What begins with a spectacular Madlib beat moves through an awesome patch led by Miguel Atwood-Ferguson's strings and ends with Dexter Story's analog synth making a hyperleap into the void; as the final synthetic chord continues stretching and fading, on comes Niño with the late-night radio-DJ whisper-voice. "Wow," he says, the smile audible before he takes a deep breath, suggesting that he may have been holding his during the jam. "Woooooo. Here we are, man, it's all happening. Whoa. Wow!" That last exclamation is suddenly fed through an echoing voice filter to cut the transcendence short. Far more often, the transcendence lingers and the music's more mundane notions are what get dismissed. At play here is a continuity between elements that many might never have bothered to group together in the first place: how the keyboards and harps played by Iasos and Atwood-Ferguson's strings and arrangements share in the high-end tone colors, or how the mild chaos of Story's synths is matched by the exploratory nature of Kamasi Washington's saxophone, or how Niño places nature atmospherics in the corners through much of the album. Sometimes that continuity is expressed in the programming and sequencing — in the way "Alice's Chord," essentially a trio of Yaakov Levy's piano, Story's drums and an ever-present set of chimes, forms a meditative tide before blending into "Joyous Gratitude," in which Kamasi Washington leads a one-time assembly called the Cosmic Band toward celestial punctuation. Sometimes it's expressed in contrasts, as when "4 Directions Collage," a spotlight turn by Atwood-Ferguson that posits strings for a dark and stormy night next to an arrangement more suited for romantic comedy, is immediately followed by "Aetheriaztlan," a slice of Brian Eno-esque Fourth World ethno-ambience that features the Aztec group Aztlan Unearthed. In essence, Niño is the conductor. The party may be his, but by its very design, there's no host or owner, just a shared sense of direction. The selflessness is part of the Happening. Toward that end, the album's longest vocal bit belongs to Iasos, a mixed-metaphor lecture in "Waterfall" that ties together the source of global energy to nature and love; and its most heartfelt performance is in "On Into The Rise," another excerpt of Washington leading the Cosmic Band in a radio studio. That group (Niño, Washington, Story and Atwood-Ferguson, along with vocalist Dwight Trible, keyboardist Mark de Clive-Lowe and bassist Brandon Eugene Owens) came together for the finale of Niño's Spaceways radio program in March 2015; here, the piece is an excerpt from a 30-minute improvisation. Its very existence speaks to Niño's stature in the community, and to the values he espouses. Flutes, Echoes, It's All Happening! is a great expression of those values.

Below you can find the list of NPR Music's Best CDs of 2008. To print this list, choose the "Print Page" icon above. Click on the title of each list to hear the music. Songs Of The Year: Best Music Of 2008Recommended by NPR's Stephen Thompson For Emma, Forever Ago, Bon Iver Re-Arrange Us, Mates of State 3 Rounds and a Sound, Blind Pilot Lose Big, Eef Barzelay Rook, Shearwater Narrow Stairs, Death Cab for Cutie Only as the Day Is Long, Sera Cahoone Lucky, Nada Surf Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Peaceful, The World Lays Me Down, Noah and the Whale The New Faces Of Classical MusicRecommended by WGUC's Robin Gehl Tchaikovsky, Glazunov: Violin Concertos, Vadim Gluzman Chopin - Ingrid Fliter, Ingrid Fliter Antonio Bazzini: Virtuoso Works for Violin & Piano, Chloë Hanslip Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven: Sonatas, Rafal Blechacz Bach: Goldberg Variations, Matt Haimovitz, Jonathan Crow and Douglas McNabney Schoenberg, Sibelius: Violin Concertos, Hilary Hahn Chopin: The Piano Concertos, Lang Lang Beethoven, Clement: Violin Concertos, Rachel Barton Pine Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 3, Olli Mustonen Souvenirs, Anna Netrebko Take Five's Top 5 Jazz CDs Of 2008Recommended by NPR's Lars Gotrich and Patrick Jarenwattananon Earfood, The Roy Hargrove Quintet Interoceans, I Heart Lung Invisible Cinema, Aaron Parks Kinsmen, Rudresh Mahanthappa Pass It On, Dave Holland Sextet The 10 Best Mixtapes Of The YearRecommended by Andrew Noz Da Beginning, Lil Boosie Goodbye America, Playboy Tre and DJ Swatts Sincerely Yours, Southside, 50 Cent and DJ Whoo Kid The Mixtape About Nothing, Wale and DJ Nick Catchdubs Starlito's Way 2, All Star Crakk Muzik, Peedi Crakk and DJ E-Stacks The Sunday Morning Massacre(s), Killer Mike We Got It For Cheap Vol. 3, The Re-Up Gang and DJ Drama Strictly Leakage, Atmosphere The N----- Tape, Nas and DJ Green Lantern WNYC's Genre Mix: Top 10 Albums Of 2008Recommended by WNYC's John Schaefer The Bairns, Rachel Unthank Angles, Dan le Sac vs Scroobius Pip Santogold, Santogold In Rainbows, Radiohead A Larum, Johnny Flynn Stay Positive, The Hold Steady Bartok: Les Violons du Roy, Various Artists Glass Box, Philip Glass Not For Piano, Francesco Tristano The Mande Variations, Toumani Diabate Bob Boilen Picks The Year's Best MusicRecommended by All Songs Considered's Bob Boilen For Emma, Forever Ago, Bon Iver Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Sugar Mountain: Live at Canterbury House 1968, Neil Young Med Sud I Eyrum Vid Spilum Endalaust, Sigur Rós Don't Do Anything, Sam Phillips Mande Variations, Toumani Diabate Vampire Weekend, Vampire Weekend Dear Science, TV on the Radio 24 Postcards in Full Colour, Max Richter Bloom, Brian Eno / Bloom for iPod / Bob Boilen Top 10 Great Unknowns, From Second StageRecommended by NPR's Robin Hilton At War with Walls & Mazes, Son Lux Na Na Ni, Fredrik Madam Owl, Jeff Hanson A Love Extreme, Benji Hughes Outside Our Gates, Liz Durrett Mugiboogie, Mugison Neighbor Singing, Brad Laner Mt. Wilson Repeater, Mt. Wilson Repeater 3 Rounds And A Sound, Blind Pilot Visiter, The Dodos NPR Listeners Pick The Year's Best MusicRecommended by NPR Listeners Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Vampire Weekend, Vampire Weekend For Emma, Forever Ago, Bon Iver Dear Science, TV on the Radio Narrow Stairs, Death Cab for Cutie Oracular Spectacular, MGMT Flight of the Conchords, Flight of the Conchords Evil Urges, My Morning Jacket Viva la Vida, Coldplay Med Sud I Eyrum Vid Spilum Endalaust, Sigur Rós Volume One, She & Him The Stand Ins, Okkervil River Modern Guilt, Beck Juno, Kimya Dawson and Antsy Pants Consolers of the Lonely, The Raconteurs Feed the Animals, Girl Talk Attack & Release, The Black Keys Only by the Night, Kings of Leon Conor Oberst, Conor Oberst Acid Tongue, Jenny Lewis Stay Positive, The Hold Steady Tell Tale Signs, Bob Dylan Furr, Blitzen Trapper Third, Portishead Everything That Happens Will Happen Today, Brian Eno / David Byrne The 10th Annual CD, Er, MP3 Gift GuideRecommended by Weekend Edition's Ned Wharton Car Alarm, The Sea and Cake Better for the Metaphor, Cantinero Asunción, Pacifika Moss, Moss Schumann: The Violin Sonatas, Carolin Widmann and Denes Varjon Leucocyte, Esbjorn Svensson Trio The Best African Music Of 2008Recommended by Banning Eyre In the 7th Moon, the Chief Turned Into a Swimming Fish and Ate the Head of His Enemy by Magic, Kasai Allstars Rebel Woman, Chiwoniso Seun Kuti, Seun Kuti & Egypt 80 Seprewa Kasa, Seprewa Kasa Mande Variations, Toumani Diabate Made in Dakar, Orchestra Baobab WARchild, Emmanuel Jal Soul Science, Justin Adams & Juldeh Camara Francophonic, Franco et le Tpok Jazz African Scream Contest, Various Artists Vampire Weekend, Vampire Weekend The Year On Vinyl: Dropping The NeedleRecommended by WFUV's Rita Houston Just a Little Lovin', Shelby Lynne In Rainbows, Radiohead Acid Tongue, Jenny Lewis Let's Get It On, Marvin Gaye The Way I See It, Raphael Saadiq Tell Tale Signs, Bob Dylan Modern Guilt, Beck Fleet Foxes, Fleet Foxes Last Days at the Lodge, Amos Lee Real Animal, Alejandro E


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Question: 'Dreamgirls' Director Bill Condon

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Director and screenwriter Bill Condon's new movie, Dreamgirls, is an adaptation of the Broadway hit musical. Condon also wrote and directed Kinsey and Gods and Monsters, for which he won an Oscar.

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Stories: 1) In 'Willing,' Pursuits of the Flesh for a Flagging Spirit 2) 'English Patient' Director Anthony Minghella


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Question: Stanley Corngold - 1905: A Literary Response to Modernity

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This talk deals with representative works of German and Hapsburg fiction circa 1905. Stanley Corngold covers literature produced by the genius of Thomas Mann (1875-1955), Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-1926), Robert Musil (1880-1942) and Franz Kafka (1883-1924), that registered swiftly changing perceptions of human time and space owing to the frenetic pace of Central European modernization. As the literary community responded to technical innovations in the manufacture of commodities; the associated acquisition of wealth, producing changes in class-structure; the growth of cities, creating centers of simultaneous but dissociated activity requiring new medial connection, some saw these changes as matters of great intellectual interest, others as signs of the pathological breakdown of older norms and values.

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Stories: 1) 'The Gospel of Judas and the Shaping of Christianity' 2) 'How Doctors Think' 3) "The Other Side of You"


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

This week, the world breathed a collective sigh of relief after all 12 boys and their coach were rescued from a flooded cave in Thailand.  In the midst of celebration, anger brewed over the handling of another incident in Thailand that captured less attention. Following a huge storm, two boats carrying Chinese tourists sank off the resort island of Phuket, leaving more than 40 dead and many missing. World leaders convened a two-day NATO summit in Brussels as President Trump upped the tension with his rebukes of U.S. allies. He privately called on his counterparts to increase their defense spending from 2 percent to 4 percent of gross domestic product. Shortly before the president’s departure from Brussels, he said:  The people have stepped up today. Everyone in the room thanked me. There was a great collegial spirit in that room … Very unified, very strong. No problem.  Trump also promised to address Russia’s meddling in the 2016 election at an upcoming summit with President Vladimir Putin, according to The Washington Post. Of his upcoming meetings in Europe, the president anticipates that the Putin summit “may be the easiest of them all”. Brexit turmoil dominated the UK this week. Boris Johnson resigned as foreign secretary and U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May sought support for a proposal for UK-EU relations post-Brexit. Also in the UK, protestors prepared for Trump’s meeting with Theresa May, a British woman died after exposure to the nerve agent Novichok, and England lost to Croatia in the World Cup semifinals, 2-1. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo returned from a trip to Pyongyang, which went “as badly as it could have gone,” according to a source close to the White House. President Trump seemed more hopeful, sharing a note from Kim Jong-un on Twitter:
A very nice note from Chairman Kim of North Korea. Great progress being made! pic.twitter.com/6NI6AqL0xt — Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) July 12, 2018   Next up, Pompeo will travel to Mexico to meet with President-elect Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador. In India, seven people have been arrested after a 15-year-old girl alleged she was raped repeatedly over a period of six months. The allegations are the latest in what has been called an ‘epidemic’ in India. Finally, France and Croatia will face off in the World Cup finals on Sunday. *Text by Kathryn Fink*. GUESTS Mark Landler, White House correspondent, The New York Times; author of “Alter Egos: Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, and the Twilight Struggle Over American Power”; @MarkLandler Nancy Youssef, National security reporter, The Wall Street Journal; @nancyayoussef Edward Luce, Chief U.S. columnist and commentator, Financial Times; his latest book is “The Retreat of Western Liberalism”; @EdwardGLuce Roger Bennett, Soccer journalist, podcast host of “American Fiasco” from WNYC, and Men in Blazers. For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: The Jamestown Project

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Guest: Karen Ordahl Kupperman, the Silver Professor of History at New York University

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Testing Bat Senses with Magnets and Darkness

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Earlier this year, scientists went into a dark barn in New Jersey, trapped some bats, and stuck them next a magnetic coil. Then, they tagged the flying mammals with a tiny electronic tag, and freed them -- 20 miles from their home roost. The researchers then watched to see if the bats could find their way home. The goal: to see if bats can use invisible magnetic fields to navigate in the dark. NPR's John Nielsen has the answer.

Stories: 1) The Science Behind Deep-Water Oil Drilling 2) Real Life Documentaries Trump Reality TV Every Day


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Question: Beethoven Sonata Series

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NPR's Fred Child talks with commentator Mark Kroll about the nuances of Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 11, as our complete series of the Beethoven piano sonatas continues.  We also hear a concert performance of the Sonata No. 11, Op. 22, from Louis Lortie.

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A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: A Showdown Over Aid In Venezuela

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"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Iraq's leading Shiite Muslim coalition nominates interim Vice President Ibrahim al-Jaafari as its candidate for prime minister in the new government. The coalition, known as the United Iraqi Alliance, won a parliamentary majority in last month's general election."]" == "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details.', 'Al-Jaafari Tapped as Party Candidate for Iraq Prime Minister']"

Venezuela's president is refusing to allow tons of U.S. humanitarian aid to enter the country. But thousands of volunteers are trying to bring it in from Colombia.

Ms. Miller Goes to Washington. Anti-Gang Summit in Oakland. End Music.


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Question: Fierce Critic Of The Fed To Lead Its Oversight Panel

Ben Bernanke's Federal Reserve seems to be on a collision course with one of its sharpest critics. Texas Republican Ron Paul, author of End the Fed, will take control of the House subcommittee that oversees the Fed when Congress reconvenes in January.

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Provided: "['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'After hovering at the edges of the collective consciousness for a couple decades, Duster is touching back down on Earth. The slowcore band that Stereogum once called "your favorite indie band\'s favorite indie band" recently announced a forthcoming self-titled album, its first in 20 years; today, the band has released "Copernicus Crater." Duster released a couple albums in the late \'90s and early 2000s before more or less disappearing, only to have its music gain a cult following by a new generation. Last year, the band began to re-emerge, playing a handful of sold-out shows and reissuing its catalog via Numero Group. "Copernicus Crater" is a fuzzy, droning track that careens through moments of urgency and contemplation. Like all of Duster, it was recorded live in band member Clay Parton\'s garage; the lo-fi production wraps the song in the tender spaciousness that characterized the band\'s early music while hinting at its evolution.  Duster is out Dec. 13 via Mudguts.']" Match: "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', "Hear 'Copernicus Crater,' The First Single From Duster's First Record In 20 Years"]"

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- McCain Takes Swipe At President For Vietnam 'Bone Spur' Deferment. -- Director James Toubek Accused Of Harassment By Dozens Of Women. -- AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka Wins A Third 4-Year Term. -- Digging In The Mud To See What Toxic Substances Were Spread By Hurricane Harvey. -- David Letterman Honored With Twain Award For American Comedy.  And here are more early headlines: Schumer Seeks "CEO" For Disaster Recovery In Puerto Rico. (The Hill) Sgt. Bergdahl's Sentencing Hearing Opens Today. (CNN) Vietnam Veteran Who Saved Dozens To Receive Medal Of Honor. (ABC) Catalan Officials To Resist Spanish Government Takeover. (BBC) After Criticism, W.H.O. Rescinds Zimbabwe Leader's Appointment. (Washington Post) Philippines Says Assault On Marawi Militants Is Over. (Reuters) India's Government Tells Myanmar To Take Back Rohingyas. (AP)


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'['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Energy Plans Unresolved As Congress Recesses']' == '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'On Capitol Hill, members of the House and Senate are about to leave on a five-week summer recess. They are leaving without an answer on what to do about high energy prices. Republicans want more offshore drilling but Democrats do not.']' != '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Bombing Kills At Least 14 In Afghanistan, Including Three NATO Troops. -- With First Debate This Week, We Really Are In Campaign\'s Final Stretch. Other stories in the news: Read More -- "Payroll Tax Cut Is Unlikely To Survive Past Jan. 1 Deadline." (The New York Times) -- California Bans "Gay-Repair Therapy For Minors." (San Francisco Chronicle) -- Supreme Court Opens; Justices Prep "For Another Headline-Making Term." (Morning Edition) -- European Team Makes Dramatic Comeback, Retains Hold On Golf\'s Ryder Cup. (Morning Edition) -- "With No Contract, Minnesota Orchestra Locks Out Musicians." (Minnesota Public Radio) -- "Carma-What?" Los Angeles Gets Through "Carmageddon II" With Few Problems; Interstate Reopens After Bridge Destruction. (Southern California Public Radio) -- "Spain Expects A Wider Budget Gap." (The Wall Street Journal) -- "Russian Court Adjourns Punk Band Appeal Hearing." (Reuters)']'

Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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Three quotes from this week's fiery Democratic Presidential debate in Philadelphia: one candidate who has a commitment problem, another with a good one-liner, and another secures the vote of Alf and ET.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Filmically Perfect   "CREEP SHOW" 1982

Five jolting tales of horror from the cryptkeepr! (illustrated by Jack Davis)

Interview with DAVID CALOF cont'd.Floating :30 I.D 12:35 and 12:45]


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

With guest host Kimberly Adams. This week, 20 Democratic presidential hopefuls took to the debate stage in Miami. We analyzed the first night of debates with NPR political reporter Jessica Taylor and a panel of voters. Kate Nachazel, a senior at the University of Michigan, said she appreciated that the candidates didn’t talk so much about President Donald Trump. “I think it’s kind of a cheap shot at this point, just saying that we need to stop Trump,” she said. She thinks for people voting Democratic, that’s already established. What have we learned about these candidates? Who rose to the top? And who sunk to the bottom? Follow NPR’s live debate analysis here. We also bring you up to speed on several end-of-term Supreme Court decisions. On Thursday, SCOTUS ruled that federal courts cannot review the issue of partisan gerrymandering and that the citizenship question will not appear on the 2020 Census — for now. NPR’s Hansi Lo Wang and Nina Totenberg report:  The high court’s decision could have profound political consequences. The new population counts from the 2020 census will determine for the next 10 years how many seats each state gets in the U.S. House of Representatives and how many Electoral College votes each state gets in presidential elections beginning in 2024. They also help determine how some $900 billion a year in federal money is allocated across the country for roads, schools, hospitals, health care and more. Census Bureau research has long shown that adding a citizenship question often leads people in households with immigrants — including those who are U.S. citizens — to simply not fill out the census form. That could result in an undercount that is not only substantial but uneven, according to Census Bureau experts, and it hits mainly in urban areas where immigrant groups live, while leaving rural, mainly white areas largely unaffected.  And we’re following the latest at the Southern border. A viral photo of a man and his daughter floating face down on the edge of the Rio Grande River captured the attention of Americans this week. We spoke with Michel Marizco, senior editor of KJZZ’s Fronteras Desk, about the photo and the state of the Southern border. He pointed out that “as summer heats up, these deaths will continue.” Also, 100 children were returned to a facility in Clint, Texas, whose conditions investigators called “substandard.” Acting Customs and Border Protection commissioner John Sanders resigned. And the Senate approved a $4.6 billion emergency humanitarian aid bill for the Southern border. Plus, former special counsel Robert Mueller is set to testify before the House Intelligence and Judiciary committees next month. What can we expect from his testimony? We get to all this and more. Text by Kathryn Fink. GUESTS Sheryl Gay Stolberg, Washington correspondent, The New York Times;  @sherylnyt Edward Luce, Chief U.S. columnist and commentator, Financial Times; his latest book is “The Retreat of Western Liberalism”; @EdwardGLuce Laura Barron-Lopez, National political reporter, Politico; @lbarronlopez For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2019 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Guest: Irfan Ahmad, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at the University of Illinois; Mark A. Shannon, Director of the Center of Advanced Materials for Purification of Water With Systems Center; Dietram A. Scheufele, Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Life Sciences Communication at the University of Wisconsin'] == ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR.', 'Nanotechnology Research and Development']

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Memo To The Rest of You...

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In the latest political love poem from the national media to Arnold Schwarzenegger, the new edition of Esquire magazine proclaims that the governor is leading the nation into a ¿new kind of politics.¿

The March cover story, ¿The President of 12% of Us,¿ takes a quick tour of recent political goings-on in California en route to [...]

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Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert weren't the only funny ones at The Rally  to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on the National Mall Saturday. Here are  some of the signs we spotted throughout the day. God Hates Snuggies I Was Told There'd Be Cookies. We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself, And Spiders. Kitlers Against Hitler Analogies Government Doesn't Suck Real Patriots Drink Whiskey Don't Tread On Anyone That's No Moon Hyperbole Or Instant Death Slogans Are Crap I Stand 4 Good Posture I'm A Veteran. I'm An American. I Am Muslim. I Support The Right To Arm Bears Calm The F*** Down America Fear Is Illogical Just Stop Bickering And Clean This Mess Up THIS FONT IS BIG Going Out Of Business Everything 70-80 Percent Off I Am Moderately Excited For This Stand On The Right, Walk On The Left You Don't Have To Be Nice, Just Don't Be Mean Libraries Are Socialist Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet I thought Neil Young was going to be playing 1 Percent Sane, 98 Percent American, You Do The Math! Olivia Munn Fan (No ...  Really ...) Fear Gives Me A Boehner My Wife Is A Muslim And Not A Terrorist, But I'm Scared Of Her Anyway Abide CAPSLOCK IS NOT PERSUASIVE Festivas For The Rest Of Us I Heart Beck's Album Mellow Gold It Was His Best In My Opinion Senate Math 41 > 59 Yelling Rarely Works ... I Know, I'm A Mom! Don't Stomp On My Head, Bro


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Question: Feeling Left Behind, White Working-Class Voters Turned Out For Trump

NPR's Rachel Martin talks to ProPublica reporter Alec MacGillis about his reporting in white working class areas of Pennsylvania and Ohio, and how the opioid epidemic played into voters' decisions.

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Who's Carl This Time

Poli Sci lessons brought to you by TV Land; Dick Cheney once again regrets shooting that guy in the face; And the French really can be so rude sometimes...

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In this edition of This, That, or the Other, contestants must decide: is it a Danielle Steel novel, a Talking Heads song, or a Wrestlemania tagline? Heard on Javier Muñoz & David Harbour: The World Turned Upside Down


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Question: The challenge of affordable housing

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As the Metropolitan Council requires Twin Cities communities to build thousands of units of affordable housing, cities and residents raise concerns about sharing the burden and the opportunity.

How the once fairly-stable business of public utilities is changing.


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Question: Here and Now for Tuesday, February 13, 2007

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Congress begins debate on a non-binding resolution that would support the troops in Iraq but oppose sending more. We speak with Gail Chaddock of The Christian Science Monitor.

Virgin Galactic, the space era spin-off of Virgin Atlantic, plans to send tourists on sub-orbital flights within the next three years.

Iran's influence in the Middle East has grown in recent years. Is this due to Iran or the war in Iraq? Guest: Anthony Shadid, The Washington Post.

Mitt Romney goes to Michigan to announce he'll run for president. We look at Mitt Romney's Michigan ties with Nolan Finley of the Detroit News.

We look back on the short and remarkable life of Hanley Denning, who helped raise money to educate the children whose families made their livings picking through the trash.

A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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JFK Jr.'s Plane - Recovery

Updated NPR's Tovia Smith reports searchers have located the fuselage of John F. Kennedy Junior's airplane at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean off Martha's Vineyard. And by using a remote camera, they've found the bodies of JFK Junior, Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, and Lauren Bessette.


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

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With guest host Celeste Headlee. The week started with a national debate about the fact that we were having a national debate about civility. Then, the Supreme Court took over the headlines. On Tuesday, the court voted 5-4 to uphold President Trump’s controversial travel ban. In its third version, the ban restricts entry from seven countries: Iran, North Korea, Syria, Libya, Yemen, Somalia and Venezuela. The court also ruled Tuesday in favor of crisis pregnancy centers, which often advise women against having abortions. Now, it’s illegal for the California government to require centers to disclose information about pregnancy termination options. Organized labor is facing major changes, too. The court ruled Wednesday that non-union members in specific states cannot be forced to pay fees to unions. And Justice Anthony Kennedy announced his retirement after 30 years. He notified President Trump of his retirement via letter:  For a member of the legal profession, it is the highest of honors to serve on this Court. Please permit me by this letter to express my profound gratitude for having had the privilege to seek in each case how best to know, interpret and defend the Constitution and the laws that must always conform to its mandates and promises.  Speculation began immediately about who President Trump might choose to fill the vacant seat, and how his decision could reshape the court for decades to come. In primary news, newcomer Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez defeated Representative Joseph Crowley in an upset victory for the Democratic bid in New York’s 14th Congressional District. The 28-year-old is expected to beat Anthony Pappas in the midterms, which would make her the youngest woman ever elected to Congress.  On Wednesday, Officer Michael Rosfeld was charged with homicide in the fatal shooting of Antwon Rose in Pittsburgh. Rose, who was unarmed, had tried to flee a traffic stop when Rosfeld began to shoot. Allegheny County District Attorney Stephen A. Zappala Jr. told the press:  I find that Rosfeld’s actions were intentional and they certainly brought about the result he was hoping to accomplish. Unless you see a genuine threat, it’s inappropriate and in fact criminal to take someone’s life.  The debate over immigration continued this week. The House did not pass a bill backed by President Trump to fund a border wall, and House Democrats demanded that the Trump administration put forth a reunification plan for immigrant parents and children separated at the border. And this week, we learned that the rappers Cardi B and Offset have been married since September, even though Offset publicly proposed in October. *Text by Kathryn Fink*. GUESTS Nina Totenberg, Legal affairs correspondent, NPR Sheryl Gay Stolberg, Washington correspondent, The New York Times;  @sherylnyt Abderrahim Foukara, Washington bureau chief, Al Jazeera For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Question: Symphony of the Nativity

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An unknown Polish composer wrote this Symphony of the Nativity, and it's become a staple of Christmas concerts in Europe. The Amadeus Polish Radio Chamber Orchestra is performing it in Cracow.

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Writer Andre Dubus III

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He wrote the novel House of Sand And Fog. It's now a movie starring Ben Kingsley and Jennifer Connelly.  The critically acclaimed book was a runaway bestseller after being chosen for Oprah's book club. Dubus is the author of two previous books, and he teaches writing at Tufts University and Emerson College.  He is the son of the celebrated writer Andre Dubus.

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A News Story In Tanka **** For cypress tree in Olive Branch, Mississippi, 80 years of age Someone has a yen to pay Forty thou — grower says Noh. **** The Protojournalist is an experiment in reporting. Abstract. Concrete. Join in: @NPRtpj


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Singer Yma Sumac Dies

Peruvian singer Yma Sumac died Saturday at age 86. Sumac recorded an extraordinarily wide vocal range of more than four octaves; she could sing notes in the low baritone register as well as notes above the range of an ordinary soprano.

Stories: 1) Reviewed: The Return of Live Television 2) John Edgar Wideman's 'Fanon,' A Novel Biography 3) Dengue Fever: Vintage Cambodian Pop Remixed


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Question: Commentator Fred Davis Has

Commentator Fred Davis has been surfing the internet on P-T's behalf. He reports on the best music sites in cyberspace.

Stories: 1) The 'Big Fan' Team: Patton Oswalt, Robert Siegel 2) The Subhumans' Timeless Hardcore Punk


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Question: 814 QuickTake Northwest

OPB's morning podcast of top news stories from around the Pacific Northwest.


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Question: Week in Review: Assistance to Myanmar and China

Scott Simon discusses the top news stories of the week with Senior News Analyst Daniel Schorr.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: The Weedstream Media; The Blame Game; The Grip On Germs.


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Given ['represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr.', 'Minor Earthquake Rattles Illinois'] it matches with ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Folks in part of northern Illinois felt the earth move just a little bit this morning: A magnitude 4.3 earthquake was detected about 50 miles northwest of Chicago, the U.S. Geological Survey reports. It happened just before 5 a.m. ET. The Sun-Times says there haven't been any reports of injuries."] but not with ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Good morning, here are some of the headlines we're following: As Feared, JP Morgan's Losses Are Growing; Reportedly At $3 Billion. Minorities Are Majority Of U.S. Births, Census Says. Activist Chen May Soon Have Passport, Be Able To Leave China. NATO Summit Opens This Weekend In Chicago; Pakistani President To Attend. (CNN) Trial Of Accused Serbian War Criminal Ratko Mladic Delayed Indefinitely Over Prosecution Errors. (Telegraph) Greece Gets Caretaker Government, Banking Crisis Looms. (Washington Post) Arizona Wildfire Grows Rapidly, Threatens Historic, Rural Community. (Arizona Republic) Closing Arguments Set For Today In Edwards Corruption Trial. (CBS) Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s Wife Found Dead At Home In New York (New York Times) Moderate Earthquake Shakes East Texas Early Today - Second Tremor This Week. (Longview News-Journal)"]

Question: Employers Struggle With Hiring Undocumented Workers: 'You Cannot Hire American Here'

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The lunch rush is over at a popular, cozy restaurant in a city somewhere in Missouri. The owner, Lynn, is sipping a glass of pinot grigio as her cooking crew cleans up. Like thousands of other restaurants across America, Lynn's kitchen is staffed mainly with unauthorized Latino workers. She agreed to openly discuss this employment conundrum if NPR agreed not to give her last name, identify her restaurant, name the city, or even specify the type of cuisine. Like a lot of employers these days, she doesn't want to attract the attention of federal immigration agents. When asked how many eating establishments have undocumented workers in the kitchen in her Midwestern city, Lynn states flatly: "A hundred percent. You cannot hire American here." Across the country, immigrants who are in the country unlawfully often do manual, low-paying jobs, and employers say they have no choice but to rely on them. Meanwhile, the Trump administration has vowed to ramp up workplace raids targeting this shadow workforce. Two weeks ago, Immigration and Customs Enforcement raided seven chicken processing plants in Mississippi. Agents rounded up 680 workers in one of the largest workplace enforcement actions in contemporary history. They were earning $11 to $12 an hour to dismember poultry — dangerous, brutal, repetitive labor. The raids have resurrected an old debate: if not immigrants, then who will do the tough jobs in America? Cooking chicken in Lynn's restaurant kitchen is not as hard as processing chickens in an agro-business plant, but nonetheless she says it's challenging finding workers. "It's hard work," she says. "You have to be able to stand on your feet all day. It's not a good paying job." She pays dishwashers $11.50 an hour, $16 for cooks. That's more than the federal minimum wage, but they get no insurance, vacations or sick pay. The kitchen manager, Jaime, has been using a fake Social Security number since he came to the U.S. from Mexico 21 years ago. He says he paid an underground seller $60 for it and didn't ask any questions. "We had to pay to get a Social," he says. "We know [that] is illegal," he says, and added that "we don't have that, we not gonna have jobs." Jaime also agreed to speak frankly if his surname was not used. Jaime stands in the kitchen wearing a black chef's uniform and an Adidas ball cap. His wife, also a cook, scrapes a pan next to him. He says every immigrant he knows is constantly fearful of ICE, and he spoke with NPR weeks before the high-profile chicken plant roundups. "We just need [to be] careful about everything. If we do something not correctly, we're gonna have troubles." Lynn maintains that Jaime and the rest of the staff, all of whom come from Central Mexico, are key to her restaurant's success. She says they're dependable, loyal and incredibly hard working. "You cannot hire an American here that will show up to work. They will not be committed to their job. In America," she says, "restaurant work is not a serious profession." President Trump, who signed the "Buy American and Hire American" executive order that led to a crackdown on visa fraud, frequently argues that unauthorized immigrants take jobs away from U.S. workers. By that logic, Jaime is taking a job away from a citizen who wants it, to which Lynn responds with a laugh. "That is the biggest joke. I hear it all the time. We put ads on Craigslist, Facebook, in the window, in the newspaper," she says. "The people that come in and apply to take our jobs will show up for one shift. They will not be clean. They will not probably be sober. They will ask for their money at the end of the shift and then they will not be back for the second shift." The Pew Research Center estimates there are 7.5 million unauthorized workers in the United States concentrated in agriculture, construction and the hospitality industry. In 2014, about 1.1 million, or 10%, of restaurant workers were unauthorized. Would they choose another line of work if they had green cards and work authorization? "I like to cook and I like to work," says Jaime. Pressed about whether he would work somewhere else if he were a lawful permanent resident, Jaime says, "I would like to do something else, I don't know, something different." He doesn't say what work he might choose if he had papers, and the fact is there's no path to citizenship for him. ICE typically targets large employers with hundreds of unauthorized workers for its splashy enforcement actions. In the hypothetical, what would happen to Lynn's restaurant if every unauthorized worker in her city were deported tomorrow? (The prospect of undocumented labor disappearing overnight has been spoofed in the 2004 cult movie, A Day Without A Mexican.) "We'd close," she says matter-of-factly. "I'd sell everything for whatever we could get for it and we would close. Because there's not enough talented people who really do know how to cook." But administration hard-liners say the law is the law. "Whether you're talking ab

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Good Thursday morning, here are our early stories: In Israel And Gaza Strip: More Explosions, Deaths On Both Sides. BP Expected To Plead Guilty, Pay Record Fine In Gulf Oil Spill Criminal Case. And here are more headlines: Gen. Petraeus Agrees To Testify Before Congress On Benghazi Attack. (Los Angeles Times) Home Foreclosures Up In Oct., But Fall From Last Year's Level. (Reuters) Eurozone Countries Plunge Back Into Recession. (BBC) Ill Indian Woman Denied Abortion In Ireland, Dies. (AFP) Colorado Theater Shooting Suspect In Hospital After Ramming Head Into Jail Wall. (Denver Post) States Face Friday Deadline On Whether To Run Health Insurance Exchanges. (McClatchy Newspapers) Ecuador To Kill Millions Of Rats To Preserve Galapagos Islands Rare Species. (AP) World's Biggest Liar Contest Coming In England: Politicians, Lawyers Not Allowed. (AP)


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Question: Madoff's Peeps. Literally.

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Worth the ad: the Washington Post's Peeps Diorama contest. My heart's with the Madoff scene above. You can still vote in the people's choice poll.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...It Ain't Over Even When It's Over, I'm Wiki Her, Nobel Effort


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: Hundreds Of Thousands Without Power After Hurricane Delta Sweeps Through South

Hundreds of thousands of people in the Gulf Coast are without power after Hurricane Delta made landfall in Louisiana on Friday night. The storm brought high winds and heavy rain to an area that was still recovering from the  devastation caused by Hurricane Laura in August.  More than half a million power outages were reported throughout the state, representing about 25% of all customers in Louisiana, Gov.  John Bel Edwards  said at a press conference on Saturday.   Delta, forecast to be a Category 3 hurricane as it approached land, ended up weakening to Category 2 by the time it made landfall. But it still brought winds of 100 mph when it hit the town of Creole and then the waterfront city of Lake Charles, which had already suffered major damage from Laura.  "There will be damage in southwest Louisiana that will be very difficult to differentiate between what was caused by Hurricane Laura and what was caused by Hurricane Delta," Edwards said.  In less than 12 hours, Delta dropped almost a foot and a half of rain across southwestern Louisiana. "Lake Charles was already in a world of trouble from that earlier hurricane," NPR's John Burnett told Weekend Edition Saturday. "Hundreds of houses had blue tarps on their rooftops, where the earlier storm had blown away pieces of the house. Those were probably ripped off. Debris was piled in heaps on the curbs and the wind could have scattered that all over the city." When the eastern edge of the eye passed over Lafayette, La., the whipping winds and rippling sheets of sideways rain paused for just a moment, Burnett said. "As quickly as the wind stopped, it roared to life again," he continued. "Then the power went out and the city went dark and all you heard was this relentless wind and things breaking and flailing all around." After making landfall, Delta quickly weakened. By Saturday morning  the National Hurricane Center was characterizing Delta as a tropical depression  with winds of about 35 mph. The depression was expected to bring heavy rain to eastern Arkansas and northern Mississippi, generally totaling 2 to 4 inches, but with isolated storms bringing up to 10 inches and causing flash flooding. But the remnants of Delta continue to affect the South, leaving hundreds of thousands without power. According to the Edison Electric Institute, which represents electric companies across the country, about three-quarters of a million people had no electricity service in Louisiana, Texas and Mississippi late Saturday morning. Workers from at least 18 states were being mobilized to help companies restore power. The National Guard has activated more than 3,000 guardsmen, who are already staging supplies and jumping in to help where needed, Edwards said. They've got 1.5 million bottles of water, 32,000 tarps and 48,000 bags ready to distribute. Sixteen aircraft are being used for search and rescue sweeps in southwest Louisiana. The National Guard has already rescued 10 people in Rapides Parish, Edwards said. No deaths were reported due to Hurricane Delta, but state officials were still encouraging residents to stay cautious. Carbon monoxide poisoning is a concern when people run generators, as is the risk of people being hurt by falling trees. "Thank God, as of right now, we are not reporting any fatalities related to Hurricane Delta," the governor said. "But as we know, just because the storm system has passed and exited the state, that doesn't mean the dangers are over." "Delta has left hazards like flooded roads, downed power lines and displaced wildlife in our communities that no one should take lightly," Edwards said. "Everyone needs to remain vigilant, continue to listen to local officials and be safe."

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- University Of Maryland President Recommends Renaming Stadium. -- Oscar Pistorius To Be Released On Bail As He Awaits Sentencing. And here are more early headlines: Saudi Arabia Hosting Syrian Rebel Factions. (BBC) Beijing Remains Under Red Alert For Smog. (VOA) Both Sides In Yemeni Conflict To Negotiate Next Week. (New York Times) Baltimore Prosecutors Failed To Give Defense Evidence In Gray Case. (Washington Post) Several Boston College Students Sickened After Dining At Chipotle. (WCVB-TV) Severe Floods, Hurricane Strength Winds Forecast For Pacific Northwest. (NWS)


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Question: GOP Leader Says Despite 'Challenges,' Boehner Plan Has Party's Support

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House Deputy Whip Tom Cole (R-OK) told NPR's Steve Inskeep today on Morning Edition why he's supporting the now-delayed Republican debt limit plan, championed by Speaker John Boehner (R-OH). Cole needs to help find 218 votes to pass the plan in the chamber and he admits while there are some "challenges" facing him, he believes the vast majority of the Republican conference is behind Boehner's plan. He seems confident that he probably won't need Democratic votes to pass it. But yesterday, the plan was held up after intense criticism from within the Republican conference after the non-partisan Congressional Budget Office reviewed the Boehner plan and determined the plan would save $851 billion over 10 years, instead of the $1.2 trillion originally promised by Boehner. The CBO estimate caused enough worry that Boehner is revising his plan and a House vote was delayed a day and will now happen Thursday. Cole shrugged it off, saying it only shows the "rather arcane method" of tracking Congressional scoring — that is, the bill's potential effect on government income and spending. Instead, Cole highlighted differences between the Boehner plan and one offered by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV). He said Reid's plan only saved money by taking into account the presumed end of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. He says they'll end but that's not a real budget savings because "that's money nobody was planning to spend in the first place." When Steve asked about savings in the GOP plan, Cole says the target is still $1.2 trillion dollars in initial spending cuts. He Boehner's aides are now looking at additional cuts to meet that goal. Cole added that the plan also includes about a trillion dollars in additional spending authority and another $1.8 trillion in cuts would be identified by a bi-partisan panel that would report back by the end of November and Congress would vote on the recommendations. "So, overall, it's a $3 trillion dollar plan and I think that's where it will end up," he said. Steve asked Cole what he thought about the critics who say it's a bad thing to make the kinds of billion-dollar changes happening now to the Boehner plan on such short notice and with such pressure. Cole pinned the blame directly on the president. He said Republicans put forward a budget shepherded by Rep. Paul Ryan (R-WI) that Democrats rejected and he said they passed the Cut, Cap and Balance bill that the Democratic Senate rejected. "Frankly, it's the Democrats, in my view, the Senate and the President, who failed to put a plan on the table and failed to move anything through a legislative body they control," he said. Still, Cole ended the conversation on reconciliatory tones. Is he willing to let the country default to get a exactly the plan he wants? He said no. "I don't expect to get a bill that I want," he said. "I expect to get a good compromise bill. And I'm certainly prepared to support a reasonable compromise."

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Don't Force Your Kids To Hug And Kiss Relatives During The Holidays, Pediatrician Says

Developmental pediatricians are telling parents to reconsider the age-old practice of forcing children to hug or kiss members of the extended family when gathering at the holidays. They say doing so takes away the child’s autonomy over their own body and sends a message that it’s OK for others to demand affection. The Girl Scouts published a parenting-advice article on the subject, titled: “Reminder: She Doesn’t Owe Anyone a Hug. Not Even at the Holidays.” Dr. Jack Levine, an executive committee member on developmental and behavioral pediatrics at the American Academy of Pediatrics, says what parents might see as simply showing respect or love for an elder can actually have a lasting impact on a child. “They feel that external forces are more or equally as important as their own feelings and who they should be kissing and hugging, and then later on in life, who they should be intimate with,” Levine (@doctoj) tells Here & Now‘s Robin Young. There are also other ways for children to interact with adult family members and family friends this time of year. “They can take their coats when they come in, they can make drawings for them,” Levine says. “They can make place cards — do a number of other things, rather than things that they feel uncomfortable with.” Interview Highlights On why “forced affection” is problematic “If you force children to hug or kiss someone who they may not know very well, then they’re not having a say in the decision on who to show their affection to. And then they begin to feel that showing this affection is expected at someone else’s asking, and that their feelings and thoughts don’t really matter on the issue, which is not a very positive experience for them.” On how parents should approach this topic with their kids “People have to understand that children have individual differences, as do adults, and that some children have a temperament where it’s a little slower for them to warm up to people. Other children may have social-emotional skills in which they take a longer time before they like to talk to people, or their ability to make friends is a little bit slower than other children and even language skills on occasion can be different. Some children don’t feel as comfortable in conversation. And all of this is OK, and … children just need to progress at their own speed, and they need the support and love of their caregivers to nurture them along the way and shepherd them so that when they’re ready to do these things, they can do them and feel good about it.” “Some children don’t like to look at people in the eye. Some kids are a little more socially anxious than others. But there’s a lot of other ways that children can show respect for their relatives. … So I think it’s important for parents to discuss with their child, to prepare them, even role play with them perhaps, and then give the child a say and some forewarning and give them an opportunity to express their own feelings on how they want to show their respect to their relatives.” On it being overwhelming for a child to suddenly have a room filled with people who want to hug them “Very much so, and forcing them to do things makes matters worse. Most kids will come around, I believe. They will develop the social skills that are appropriate for them and for their family in getting along with relatives. It’s very important for parents to support their child in their decisions and feelings that they have about themselves and their bodies, and how they relate to other people, are validated.” On characterizing a child’s behavior by saying they’re “just shy,” or using some sort of label “Usually the label is perceived in a negative way. This goes back to the whole idea of individual differences, that some children may be not as outgoing. One of the challenges with caregivers and parents is that their child’s social ability and their temperament may be somewhat different than their own. So you may be a very outgoing person and always so happy to see your relatives, and hug and kiss them, and your child may be a little more inhibited and a little bit more cautious, and you may interpret that as a negative thing, rather than just as the child being themselves. We need to understand very much that it’s not about labeling — it’s about accepting the kids for where they are and encouraging them to be able to make good decisions.”  Karyn Miller-Medzon produced and edited this interview for broadcast. Jack Mitchell adapted it for the web.

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: Pennsylvania Primary

President Bush is in Pittsburgh today to support Sen. Arlen Specter in his tightening bid for re-election. Next Tuesday, Pennsylvania voters will choose between Specter and conservative challenger Pat Toomey to run for the U.S. Senate.

 Guests:

  Philip Gourevitch
 *Washington correspondent with   The New Yorker

  Ken Rudin
 *NPR's political editor

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: As 19th Century Females, Sisters In 'The Doctors Blackwell' Achieve Many Firsts

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Smashing the patriarchy is hard work. The Doctors Blackwell, by historian Janice P. Nimura, profiles two sisters who faced what was a daunting lack of choices for 19th century women. They achieved a series of near-impossible feats to become America's first and third certified women medical doctors. Nimura's account is not only an exhaustive biography, but also a window into egregious 19th century medical practices and the role these sisters played in building medical institutions. Elizabeth Blackwell was born in Bristol, England in 1821; Emily in 1826. Nine Blackwell children survived past infancy. The family emigrated to New York in 1832. The parents were ardent abolitionists, despite Samuel Blackwell's sugar investments profiting from backbreaking slave labor. To atone for his sins, Blackwell moved his family to Cincinnati where he hoped to plant sugar beets rather than participate in the odious Caribbean sugar trade. He died too soon, leaving his family with few resources other than brains and grit. The Blackwell family were copious letter writers. Author Nimura has combed through mountains of documents to bring all of the siblings alive through their own words. The book is illustrated with photographs that bring the era to life. Elizabeth takes center stage in The Doctors Blackwell. She had no interest in marriage and chose medicine as a path to self-sufficiency, although she did not want to treat patients. Standards of treatment were primitive. "Medicine is always an evil," she wrote, "though sometimes a necessary evil." Phrenology was considered a valid science and so-called treatments such as leeches and toxic drafts made patients worse and often killed them. Objections to women in the medical establishment were all but universal. On one hand, "no true lady [sh]ould leave the purity of the domestic sphere to study the corruptions of the human body," and on the other, "what if female doctors were a resounding success, and female patients preferred them?" Elizabeth went to exhaustive lengths to qualify for medical school, arranging unorthodox apprenticeships in Ashville, NC; Charleston, SC; and Philadelphia, Penn. She received her diploma at Geneva College in upstate New York after the dean jokingly had the male students vote on whether to admit her. She became a local celebrity. Her fame followed her as she took grueling post-graduate positions in Paris and London. All the while, she looked behind to egg on Emily to follow in her footsteps. The sisters' travels had them intersecting with a 19th century female brain trust on both sides of the Atlantic. Harriet Beecher Stowe (author of Uncle Tom's Cabin) discouraged Elizabeth from trying to become a doctor because the obstacles were too formidable. Emma Willard (founder of Troy, NY's Female Seminary and an authority on history and geography) helped Elizabeth get a medical apprenticeship in Philadelphia. Florence Nightingale, a celebrity in Europe, was opposed to female doctors. The Blackwell sisters criticized her attention-getting and jealously complained about her copious fundraising. They corresponded with leading feminist journalist Margaret Fuller. In London, Elizabeth met George Eliot and came to know Lady Byron, whom she sought out for years to be a patron. The Blackwell sisters disdained the budding suffragette movement and declined to endorse it. Yet their two brothers married leading women's rights activists—Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown. The Doctors Blackwell is very much the story of Elizabeth's zeal for institution building. In 1857, Elizabeth and Emily opened the first hospital staffed by women, the New York Infirmary for Indigent Women and Children. Elizabeth kept sharp watch on her place in history. Her conviction that women doctors would inspire women "with higher objects — loftier aspirations — to teach them there is a strength of woman as well as of man," took precedence over any interest in medicine. This, despite the desperate need for women physicians who understood women's physiology and could provide alternatives to the brutality of birthing techniques, fatal abortions, and poorly understood female diseases. Elizabeth Blackwell comes across as highly disciplined and anti-social. She held strong and sometimes unappealing beliefs. In addition to opposing women's suffrage, she was condescending and viewed herself as a "deity." She found slavery abhorrent, but "rescued" an Irish orphan girl in New York City, kept her as a lifelong servant, and declined to grant her any freedoms in adulthood. Emily profited from Elizabeth's fame, but suffered in her long shadow. Yet Emily was the better doctor, an accomplished surgeon with compassionate bedside manner. Marie Zakrzewska — "Dr. Zak" — a Polish immigrant, joined them in the 1850s, having lost an unprecedented appointment as chief of midwifery at the University of Berlin when her mentor died. The Blackwells recognized her strength and accomplishments, insisting that she qualify to pract

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Stories: 1) Michael Chabon: On What 'Manhood' Means 2) A Grandfather's Message To His Autistic Grandson 3) 'Restrepo' And 'The Lottery': Two Places, Two Battles


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Question: Week in Review with Daniel Schorr

NPR's Scott Simon reviews the week's news with NPR's Daniel Schorr, senior news analyst.

Stories: 1) Colin Meloy of The Decemberists 2) Remembering Father Robert Drinan 3) The Metropolitan Opera in a Theater Near You


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

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Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Review: Groundhog Day The Musical (Original Broadway Cast Recording)

Note: NPR's First Listen audio comes down after the album is released. However, you can still listen with the Spotify or Apple Music playlist at the bottom of the page  Would you believe this time, Ned Ryerson gets a big ballad about the meaning of life? The 1993 film Groundhog Day made Ryerson, played by Stephen Tobolowsky, only one of many annoyances that crossed the path of Phil Connors, a dyspeptic weatherman forced to live the same day over and over. Specifically, Phil lives and relives Groundhog Day in Punxsutawney, Penn., home of the famous groundhog, Punxsutawney Phil. Now, the movie has been transformed into a Broadway musical of the same name, and yes: Ned gets a story to tell, an emotional arc, and a big, soaring ballad called "Night Will Come." It's ... well, it's about death. The music and lyrics for Groundhog Day come from Tim Minchin, who did the same for the highly successful Matilda The Musical. And lest you fear the film has been forgotten or fallen into uncaring hands, the book for the show was written by Danny Rubin – who wrote the screenplay for the film with director Harold Ramis. One pitfall in a Broadway adaptation of a well-loved film – perhaps more so in the age of easy streaming – is that it dares to revisit a fixed performance that's been easily available to watch and rewatch for, in this case, almost 25 years. Here, that performance was by Bill Murray, the original Phil Connors. It was wise to swerve away rather than imitate: Where Murray played Phil as something of a hangdog slob, the musical imagines him as a slick pretty boy. This is a grinning Phil, a Phil you would expect to have veneers. Andy Karl, who plays him, has done plenty of Broadway (including Rocky and Jersey Boys) and recently ended a run on Law & Order: SVU. (Poor Dodds.) Karl plays Phil's initial realization of his predicament with less tamped-down confusion and more frantic paranoia than Murray did, despite close similarities between the scripts. It's a delightfully physical performance, a fact that was regrettably brought home during a Broadway preview on April 14, when Karl hurt his leg jumping over somebody and finished the night using a cane. (At least he didn't hurt himself in vain: he was injured during the big tap number "Philanthropy," which is great, great fun on stage and sadly hard to entirely appreciate on an album.) The role of Rita, played by Andie MacDowell on screen, is beefed up considerably and reinterpreted by Barrett Doss, in whose hands she's more self-possessed and interesting than the film's Rita was – though she's still ultimately tasked with playing a woman who falls in love in a single day. That's never going to come from a place of precise realism, but they've done what they can. It's not a dig to say that the music from Groundhog Day sounds like what a lot of big musicals sound like right now: It's rock-tinged in some places and pop-tinged all over, studded with ballads, and spiffed up with funny pastiches like "Hope," Phil's slow-building screamer. "Hope" sounds like it's an encouraging song about persevering, until you realize it's about Phil persevering in his quest to end it all rather than endure one more Groundhog Day. (On stage, it accompanies his many suicide attempts and features some very clever staging to get him to wake up back in bed over and over when he fails.) The same goes for the barroom country knockoff "Nobody Cares," which honors the country tradition of performative despair but spins it in the direction of freedom – as Phil does, in the early going, with the lack of consequences he's discovered. (My favorite supporting player in the stage production, by the way, is Raymond J. Lee, who plays the barstool-dwelling Ralph with the lovable cluelessness of any good stage drunk.) Some of the songs here lose context without the on-stage visuals: the opener "There Will Be Sun" sounds more serious than it is when you see it on stage sung by bundled-up people waving thermoses as they wait to see a groundhog. And much of what's going on in the track "Day Three," when Phil truly begins to panic, doesn't translate when all you're hearing are his cries of misery. It's common in musicals for verses to revolve around memorable choruses, but Groundhog Day cuts the other way. Take "Stuck," in which Phil seeks help from various unhelpful professionals in getting himself out of his time loop. Everything is in the clever verses, while the chorus is little more than a light anchor that keeps it from getting entirely away from itself. Similarly, "One Day," Doss' big number laying out Rita's romantic fantasies, relies more on densely packed storytelling, intermittently indifferent to traditional rhyme and meter in favor of letting lines spin out in ways that are surprising rather than neatly satisfying. To return to Ned's ballad, it's one of two in the second act (the other being "Playing Nancy," sung by a woman Phil has seduced and ditched on one of his days in Punxsutawney) that repr

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Question: VIDEO: 3 Tips To Make Your Face Mask More Effective

Don't see the video? Click here. Cloth masks do a good job at keeping in large respiratory droplets that can spread a disease like COVID-19 — the kind of droplets you spit out when coughing or talking. That's why in April the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention advised "the use of simple cloth face coverings to slow the spread of the virus and help people who may have the virus and do not know it from transmitting it to others." But there's another possible benefit to wearing a mask: protecting yourself from droplets. But masks, both homemade and made by vendors, vary in how good they are at keeping out pathogens. If you're looking to boost your mask's ability to filter out small particles, we've got three tips from researchers who've been testing mask materials in light of the pandemic — including a hack that involves a pair of pantyhose.

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Good afternoon. Here are some headlines we're watching: Paul Ryan Campaigns On Medicare In Florida - With His Mom. (Politico) GM Recalls Nearly 250,000 SUVs Over Potential Fire Hazard. (Detroit News) John Lennon's Murderer Faces Seventh Parole Hearing Next Week. (CNN) In Apparent Diplomatic Thaw, Egyptian President Morsi To Visit Iran This Month. (AFP) New Family Of Spiders Discovered In Oregon - And They've Got Claws. (AP)


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Question: 50 Years Later: Apollo 11 And The Landing That Almost Wasn't

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We bring you the audio from the 13-minute descent before touchdown — with occasional commentary from our host.

Stories: 1) Teddy Roosevelt And The Fire That Saved The Forests 2) A Memoir Of Pakistan, Islamic Fundamentalism


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Question: The challenge of affordable housing

As the Metropolitan Council requires Twin Cities communities to build thousands of units of affordable housing, cities and residents raise concerns about sharing the burden and the opportunity.

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How the once fairly-stable business of public utilities is changing.


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Question: Who's Bill This Time?

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Bill Kurtis, filling in for Carl, reads three quotes from the week's news: Unconventional, Bubba Returns, and What's Eating You.

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


Question: Nunez: Dems Will Fix Budget Solo, If Needed

With the clock ticking for legislators to resolve the current year fiscal crisis, Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez vowed today to do it without Republicans if necessary.
In comments to the Sacramento Press Club, the Los Angeles Democrat emphasized that he hopes to find common ground with GOP lawmakers on how to resolve the $3.3 billion shortfall [...]


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Question: Phew! Fan Saves Boy From Being Hit By A Flying Baseball Bat

The best play at this weekend's spring training game between the Pittsburgh Pirates and the Atlanta Braves didn't take place on the field — it was in the stands, where a man's fast reflexes saved a young fan from being hit in the face after a bat hurtled into the stands. In an instant that's frozen in time, the barrel of the bat looms just inches away from the boy's nose and eyes, with the man's hand and forearm blocking its path. It's always dangerous when a batter loses his grip and sends a bat helicoptering into the stands. And from what we see of this incident, it might have done significant damage to the boy, who seemed to be caught completely off guard as he held a smartphone in his seat in the stands. We'll remind you that in the majors, players use wooden bats that commonly weigh more than 2 pounds. The moment came and went so fast that it wasn't mentioned in write-ups about the game. (The Pirates beat the Braves, 9-6.) But then a photo of the save emerged — and then the photographer who took it, Christopher Horner of the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, released another image that hints at the bat's violent force. Taken a split-second after the first photo, it shows that when the bat narrowly cleared the boy's head, it had already spun around 180 degrees. The incident occurred at the Braves' spring training stadium in Florida, part of the Walt Disney World resort complex outside Orlando.

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Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: Credit Card Legislation

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NPR's Kathy Schalch reports on the effort to regulate credit card companies. Legislation proposed Tuesday in Congress would require companies to be clearer with consumers about rates, and would prevent companies from penalizing customers who pay off their balances each month.

EPA Suit. Medicare Drug Coverage. End Music.


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Question: Pop Culture Happy Hour: 'Into The Woods' And How To Make A Franchise

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We at PCHH are not together this week for the holidays, as we are scattered hither and yon, literally from coast to coast. But before we scattered thusly, we sat down with our friend (and film critic and musical theater aficionado) Bob Mondello to talk about Disney's new adaptation of Stephen Sondheim's Into The Woods, starring Meryl Streep, Emily Blunt, Anna Kendrick, Chris Pine and lots more. We talk about the pieces of the stage show that have been tweaked (and in some cases removed) for the movie, how the casting choices affect the way the stories come off, and why the Johnny Depp Wolf is maybe a little too creepy. How is it different when a show often played on an empty stage is translated to a film set? Can a non-musical person find his way into this particular story? There's certainly lots to talk about. Our other topic this week is the film franchise, and particularly which films can successfully launch one and which cannot. After considering just how dominant franchises really are at the box office, we turn our attention to a few questions. Can Denzel Washington find himself at the center of an Equalizer franchise? What's the difference between a movie intended to be part of a set and one that spawns a sequel simply because it's a perhaps unexpected success? As always, we close the show with what's making us happy this week. Stephen is happy about playing with the Book Concierge that NPR Books has been kind enough to provide, with the cooperation of many of our friends. He's also happy about a contest that can make you really noisy and really local. Glen is happy about a series you can now find on Netflix. Bob is happy (again, some more) about a film that he only hopes is in a theater near you. And I am happy about having rediscovered an old album I liked very very much in anticipation of a new film. Find us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter: me, Stephen, Glen, Bob, producer Jessica, and our pal Mike.

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Stories: 1) Barbara Lea: Remembering A Versatile Cabaret Singer 2) 'Extremely Loud' And Incredibly Manipulative 3) Tina Fey On Life, Motherhood, Writing And Comedy 4) This Weekend, Some New Shows (And Old Favorites)


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'['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Internet poker takes seat at table of politics']' == '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'The fast-growing Poker Players Alliance is fighting measures to curb wagering on Internet poker.']' != '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Internet poker has surpassed sports betting as the most popular form of online gambling -- an industry that now takes in as much as $10 billion a year. There's one catch:  playing online poker -- for money -- is illegal in the United States."]'

Question: Election News from Around California

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The November election is just over three weeks away, and Californians are starting to focus on politics. Writers for three newspapers talk about the key issues in their parts of the state.

Sex Offender Measures. Constitutional or Not?, Field Notes: Glossopedia, Grand Ole Opry Turns 80, Focus on Technology, Hollywood in Cincinnati


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Question: NASCAR 2007 and the Future of Motor Sports

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As NASCAR's 'Car of Tomorrow' debuts in a road competition at the Infineon raceway's Nextel Cup, the program assesses recent developments in stock car auto racing and what the future portends for the world of motor sports.

Stories: 1) The Science Behind Deep-Water Oil Drilling 2) Real Life Documentaries Trump Reality TV Every Day


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Question: Nunez: Dems Will Fix Budget Solo, If Needed

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


Question: 'The Motley Fool Take'

Strong earnings from The Gap, sales at Whole Foods skyrocket and there's more to earnings at Playboy Enterprises than meets the eye. It's The Motley Fool Take -- our take on some of the week's top business stories, as well as some other stories that showed up on the Fool radar.

Stories: 1) Denis Leary, the Renaissance Man of 'Rescue Me' 2) One Ring to Rule Them: 'Ice Cream' Songs Hit Big


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Question: Nunez: Dems Will Fix Budget Solo, If Needed

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Question: Week In Politics: Hillary Clinton Makes History

NPR's Robert Siegel speaks with our regular political commentators, E.J. Dionne of the Washington Post and the Brookings Institution and David Brooks of The New York Times. They discuss the latest in the presidential race.

News Headlines: Feb. 13, 2007 Talk About It:AP: Sharpton: Don't Seat Fla., Mich. -- "Seating delegates from Florida and Michigan at the Democratic National Convention would be a grave injustice, the Rev. Al Sharpton said Wednesday in a break with prominent civil rights leaders. NAACP chairman Julian Bond also wrote Dean recently, taking the opposite position. Bond said failure to seat the delegates would disenfranchise minority voters in Florida and Michigan." Read Sharpton's letter. Which argument -- Sharpton's or Bond's -- is more compelling? Related: Brazile: I'll Quit DNC Position Over Superdelegates Related: Debate Intensifies Over Superdelegates Election 2008:Washington Post: Obama Extends Streak | McCain Sweeps Potomac AP: Clinton Hopes for Texas Rebound AP: Clinton Ex-Campaign Manager Backs Obama Nation:AP: Bush: Nooses 'Deeply Offensive' Wall Street Journal: D-Day for Clemens, McNamee in Baseball Case L.A. Times: Hollywood Writers Strike Ends Philadelphia Inquirer: Phila.'s 'Most Wanted' Found Teaching School World:AFP: Mugabe Challenger Vows to Heal Zimbabwe Wounds BBC News: Africa War Zones' 'Rape Epidemic' Arts & Culture:AP: Aretha Franklin Slams Beyonce Grammy Intro Press Association: Spielberg Praised for Games Protest Op-Ed:Clarence Page: First-Timer At Voting Booth Learns the Truth Ron Fournier: Chickens Come Home to Roost


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Question: The Jamestown Project

Guest: Karen Ordahl Kupperman, the Silver Professor of History at New York University

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: The New Pornographers in Concert: 10/27/2007

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The New Pornographers in concert. With host Bob Boilen. With stunning vocals from Neko Case and playfully cerebral narratives from songwriters Dan Bejar and A.C. Newman, the Canadian band The New Pornographers is virtually peerless in the world of power-pop and indie-rock.  Hear them recorded live from Washington, D.C.'s 9:30 Club originally webcast on NPR.org October 27, 2007.

Stories: 1) When 10 Won't Do: David Edelstein's Top 13 Films 2) In Case You Missed It: Events And Trends Of 2009 3) Ken Tucker's Top 10 Recordings Of 2009


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Question: Memo To The Rest of You...

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In the latest political love poem from the national media to Arnold Schwarzenegger, the new edition of Esquire magazine proclaims that the governor is leading the nation into a ¿new kind of politics.¿

The March cover story, ¿The President of 12% of Us,¿ takes a quick tour of recent political goings-on in California en route to [...]

Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert weren't the only funny ones at The Rally  to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on the National Mall Saturday. Here are  some of the signs we spotted throughout the day. God Hates Snuggies I Was Told There'd Be Cookies. We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself, And Spiders. Kitlers Against Hitler Analogies Government Doesn't Suck Real Patriots Drink Whiskey Don't Tread On Anyone That's No Moon Hyperbole Or Instant Death Slogans Are Crap I Stand 4 Good Posture I'm A Veteran. I'm An American. I Am Muslim. I Support The Right To Arm Bears Calm The F*** Down America Fear Is Illogical Just Stop Bickering And Clean This Mess Up THIS FONT IS BIG Going Out Of Business Everything 70-80 Percent Off I Am Moderately Excited For This Stand On The Right, Walk On The Left You Don't Have To Be Nice, Just Don't Be Mean Libraries Are Socialist Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet I thought Neil Young was going to be playing 1 Percent Sane, 98 Percent American, You Do The Math! Olivia Munn Fan (No ...  Really ...) Fear Gives Me A Boehner My Wife Is A Muslim And Not A Terrorist, But I'm Scared Of Her Anyway Abide CAPSLOCK IS NOT PERSUASIVE Festivas For The Rest Of Us I Heart Beck's Album Mellow Gold It Was His Best In My Opinion Senate Math 41 > 59 Yelling Rarely Works ... I Know, I'm A Mom! Don't Stomp On My Head, Bro


Question: Man Behind Syrian Blogger Hoax: Something 'Innocent ... Got Out Of Hand'

Tom MacMaster, the man who admitted he was behind the Gay Girl In Damascus blog, said the blog was something that was created "innocently and then got out of hand." "I mean there was no malice on my part at any point, no intention of really running a massive hoax," MacMaster told us in a telephone interview from Turkey, where he is vacationing with his wife Britta Froelicher. Over the last several months, Amina Araf, a blogger who said she was  Syrian-American and went by the name Gay Girl In Damascus, captured the  world's attention. Her blog became popular just as the protests against  President Bashar al-Assad of Syria spread and the government crackdowns became more violent. As we reported yesterday, MacMaster, an American from Georgia who is  in a medieval studies graduate program at the University of Edinburgh  in Scotland, revealed that Amina did not exist and that he was the sole author of the blog. The announcement confirmed the doubts that emerged when NPR's Andy Carvin asked his followers on Twitter if anyone had ever met Amina. No one had. Then the British newspaper, The Guardian ran a profile of the blogger and they got a call from Jelena Lecic, a Londoner, who told them the picture of Amina was really a picture of her. In our interview, MacMaster, 40, said he didn't recall what year he created the Amina character, but a Yahoo! messaging group called "alternate-history" has records of Amina as far back as February of 2006. MacMaster said he created Amina so he could "have a discussion about the real questions" on subjects like the Middle East or U.S. involvement in Iraq. He said with a name like Tom, people would immediately question his alliance to the U.S. But with Amina, people would engage in full conversations. MacMaster posted on different websites and listservs as Amina and suddenly he found himself with an "extremely full and vivid character." He wrote a back story for her and started writing a novel based on her. As a way to flesh the character out, he created profiles of Amina on different social networking sites to create a "depth of character." He used Amina's profile, he said, so he could snoop around sites that MacMaster couldn't. And he was living the character so much, he would walk into restaurants and know immediately, what Amina would like on a menu and what she wouldn't like: For years, his interactions had no consequences. His relationships were strictly about discussing issues like science fiction and Mid-East politics, but earlier this year things changed. He logged on to a lesbian news site called LezGetReal and left a couple of comments on a couple of articles on Syria. That got him the notice of the website's editor, Paula Brooks who asked Amina to write for her: "I was flattered," MacMaster said, because he wanted to be a writer. Read More He wrote a few pieces for LezGetReal and then decided to start a blog of his own — Gay Girl In Damascus — to chronicle Amina's stories. That came not too long after the fall of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, the deposed president of Tunisia. It also marked the beginning of the Arab Spring. MacMaster says if this had happened a year ago, no one would have noticed a blog about Syria. No one, he said, would have cared. But things in Syria exploded, as protests against president al-Assad, whose family has been in power for some 40 years, intensified. Gay Girl In Damascus' sharp tongue and vivid storytelling called attention and it called more attention after MacMaster wrote a post about having a run-in with Syrian security. Amina got media attention and that, said MacMaster, felt good. "When I got a first couple initial media bites, I was extremely flattered and impressed with myself that here I had written something that was fictional but it was getting taken seriously as a real event," he said. "It appealed to my vanity that here I am, I'm so smart, I can do this." But at the same time he knew he had taken it far enough. MacMaster said he thought when he had moved the Amina character to Damascus in the fall of last year, he was going to walk away from it. But the Arab Spring called her back. He said she would have a lot of things to say about it. But keeping up with Amina was taking up one to two hours of each day and his story was unraveling. So he decided he would have Amina kidnapped by Syrian authorities. Here's how he narrated what happened next: What MacMaster never expected was the outpouring of support for Gay Girl In Damascus. Facebook groups formed around her, calling for her freedom and even the State Department sought to get involved to try and help her out of the situation she was in. "I was supremely stupid and miscalculating and I shouldn't have created that story" MacMaster said. "But I needed to shut things down and everything's been shut down." Since MacMaster's confession went up, the reaction from the blogosphere has been harsh. A lot of criticism thrown his way was that he had thrown all bloggers in the Middle East into

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