Question: Older Generation Of Gay Men Reflect On Orlando Massacre

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NPR's Ari Shapiro talks to three gay men who lived through the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the U.S. and how losing friends and family during that time draws some parallels to Sunday's mass shooting at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Fla.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Last Night The Metropolitan

Last night the Metropolitan Opera in New York City opened its season with a new production of Verdi's "Otello" with Placido Domingo singing the title role. But for many in the audience, the real star of the evening was a new system of visual, simultaneous translation. Unlike the sur-titling system featured in many of the world's opera houses, Met Titles, which are placed on the backs of individual seats, are confined to the sight-lines of each audience member. They can also be independently switched on and off so the traditionalists can dispense with the service. Bridget Paolucci went to the Metropolitan Opera House on Saturday for a dress rehearsal performance. She reports on the attitude of the audience and James Levine, the Met's Music Director, to the new system.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: B.C.S. Strips Southern California Of Its 2004 Championship

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The Bowl Championship Series announced today that it has stripped the University of Southern California of the 2004 national championship title. The move comes after the NCAA found that Reggie Bush received benefits not in keeping with NCAA rules. USA Today reports:  This marks the first time a football or men's basketball championship has been vacated in major college sports since the polls began. The Trojans beat Oklahoma 55-19 in the 2005 Orange Bowl to claim the title that season. Bush carried six times for 75 and had two receptions for 31 yards in victory.  "The B.C.S. arrangement crowns a national champion, and the B.C.S. games are showcase events for postseason football," The New York Times reports the B.C.S. executive director Bill Hancock said in a statement. "One of the best ways of ensuring that they remain so is for us to foster full compliance with N.C.A.A. rules."

Stories: 1) Going 'One On One' With Sports' Greatest Stars 2) At Midseason, Serial Dramas Serve Up Big Twists


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Question: The Jamestown Project

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Guest: Karen Ordahl Kupperman, the Silver Professor of History at New York University

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: I 933 Gets Mixed Reviews From Farmers

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Washington State Initiative 933 was put together by the Washington Farm Bureau, which says restrictions on use of private land should be compensated by the state. But surprisingly, not all farmers agree the proposal is in their best interest. Steve Jackson has more:

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Stories: 1) Untangling The Complex Foreclosure Mess 2) Finding The Best Of The Bands On The Beatles' Label


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Question: Maine Things Considered 10/24/06

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Anthem rate hike request aired at public hearing; Husson College board gives go ahead to school of pharmacy; horse racing boosted by revenue from Bangor racino; and Whoopie Pie Lady on the road in Woolich.
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Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

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Madness in Madison; Elon's Plea; Mustn't See TV.

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: Biden To Extend Order Limiting Pandemic Evictions

President Biden plans to extend a nationwide pause on evictions through the end of March. The federal eviction moratorium, implemented through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is intended to help tenants who have been battered economically by the pandemic. "Without this action by President Joe Biden, millions of renters could have lost their homes during this surge in COVID-19," says Diane Yentel,  president of the National Low Income Housing Coalition. But, she adds, the moratorium itself is insufficient and allows some landlords to evict tenants despite the protections. For example, she notes that no federal agency is enforcing the order's penalties for unlawful evictions.  NPR has reported on families getting evicted despite the CDC order, which, in spirit, directs landlords not to put people out in the street for nonpayment of rent and into living situations where they can catch and spread the coronavirus.  Already, one study has attributed thousands of deaths in the U.S. to evictions during the pandemic because displaced families have been forced into more crowded living conditions.   Housing advocates say the CDC order is not an automatic eviction ban. Many renters don't know how to take advantage of it. Tenants must sign a CDC declaration and provide it to landlords and, in some cases, to local housing courts. The recent COVID-19 relief bill passed by Congress provides billions of dollars to pay landlords for back rent and future rent payments as millions of Americans remain unemployed and struggling to pay their bills. The hope is that too will prevent evictions since landlords only get compensated if tenants remain in place on the property. Biden is also expected to extend deadlines for moratoriums aimed at protecting homeowners from foreclosure.

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Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: 50 Years After Stonewall

This week marks the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots in New York City that helped spark the LGBT rights movement.

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Stories: 1) Venturing Inside Bellevue's Psychiatric ER 2) Capitalism's Paradoxes, Writ Personal On Film


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Question: Consumer Spending Rose 0.7 Percent In February; Higher Gas Prices A Factor

There was a slightly larger-than-expected increase of 0.7 percent in consumer spending from January to February, the Bureau of Economic Analysis says. Higher gasoline prices, though, were much of the reason for the rise. According to the bureau, if spending is adjusted for inflation the increase was a more modest 0.3 percent — the same as in January. And higher energy costs were behind most of the inflationary pressures last month. Consumer spending is closely watched because consumers buy about 70 percent of all the goods and services that companies produce — meaning they drive the economy. Meanwhile, personal income shot up 1.1 percent.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In China, Obama Touts Visa Deal, Progress On Free-Trade Pact. -- Bombing At Nigerian High School Kills Dozens. -- Will Jeb Bush Run For President? His Brother Says Maybe. -- Study: Detergent Pods Can Harm Children Who Play With Them. And here are more early headlines: Chinese, Japanese Leaders Meet In Ice-Breaking Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Frigid Weather Plunging South Into U.S., Brings Sub-Normal Temps. (USA Today) 3 Astronauts Return Safely From International Space Station. (CBS) Talks Extended Into Monday For Iran's Nuclear Program. (Reuters) Bombings In Afghanistan Kill Afghan Security Officers. (VOA) Survey Finds Regular Gas Prices Down 13 Cents In Last 2 Weeks. (AP)


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Question: The 150 Greatest Albums Made By Women

80. Laurie AndersonBig Science (Warner Bros., 1982) Laurie Anderson never intended to become a pop star. After an initially tiny pressing of "O Superman" found its way to BBC DJ John Peel's ears and later became an unexpected U.K. hit, Warner Brothers beseeched her to make an album. She assented, turning the "politics" section of her six-hour performance piece United States I – IV into her 1982 debut Big Science, and in doing so, wielded a mass medium as a critique against itself. Aware of her novelty value, she used her uncanny delivery to highlight humankind's frighteningly banal secession to the post-industrial age, lulling audiences into the placid state that she sought to critique. Big Science is simultaneously silly and prescient, and takes a refreshingly wry attitude to technology's perils compared to today's often obvious commentary on the subject. Anderson's playful use of machine-speak subverts the industry's reliance on women's voices as a shortcut to maternal comfort while also progressing the trailblazing synthesizer work of pioneers like Delia Derbyshire and Suzanne Ciani. Despite Anderson's clear aversion to dehumanization at the hands of technology, Big Science is thrilling because it isn't a case of clashing binaries arguing for or against. "I don't want to nail things down," she told Sounds in 1986. "I want them to either breathe or explode." —Laura Snapes (contributor)  79. PortisheadDummy (Go! Beat, 1994) Portishead has a long-standing reputation for being enigmatic, due to the fact that its members don't often perform live and that they make music in a deliberate, unhurried way (the group has released three impeccable albums since its inception in 1991). But in terms of a mission statement, look no further than the chorus of "It Could Be Sweet," a song from the Bristol trio's standout debut album Dummy: "It could be sweet," Beth Gibbons sings. "Like a lone forgotten dream." This band could be sweet, but it's not. It's that very tension that makes Dummy one of the most urgent, burning albums to ever be put to tape, and a high water mark of the trip-hop genre that flourished in the early 1990s. Dummy sounds familiar yet foreign; sultry and sure, but something's not quite right. These extremes are grounded by Gibbons' achingly soulful vocals — which overlay Geoff Barrow's electronic production and Adrian Utley's sweeping guitar work — and range from pleadingly sincere to knowing within a single verse, from the lonesome reminisces of "Sour Times" to the strutting "Wandering Star." Though Gibbons has said that she never had aspirations to be a songwriter, she had previously been singing in pubs before joining Portishead. Yet some of the vocal demos she made at home, like "Strangers," were so potent that they were left intact on Dummy, which nabbed the Mercury Prize the following year. It's especially telling that the centerpiece of the album — and Portishead's most popular song, to boot — is "Glory Box," a slow, subtle nudge for gender equality as Gibbons sings: "Move over and give us some room." —Paula Mejia (contributor)  78. The Bulgarian State Radio & Television ChoirLe Mystère Des Voix Bulgares (Nonesuch, 1987) Spine-tingling, otherworldly beauty is not what the world might have expected from a Soviet-ish group called the Bulgarian State Radio & Television Female Vocal Choir. And yet a string of albums, beginning with an alluringly named 37-minute compilation called Le Mystère Des Voix Bulgares (The Mystery of Bulgarian Voices), cracked open a whole sonic world largely unknown beyond the Balkans, full of gorgeous dissonances and fierce, sung-out emotion. Originally released in 1975 by the Swiss ethnomusicologist Marcel Cellier, who ran his own boutique label, the first Mystère album became a hotly sought-after prize among cognoscenti, who dubbed cassette copies for each other. One of those fans was 4AD Records founder Ivo Watts-Russell, who managed to license the material and re-release it in the U.K. in 1986 (and in 1987, Nonesuch did the same in the U.S.). Soon these women from all over Bulgaria became international stars, with their plushly layered, plangent voices weaving together Bulgarian dissonance and Western European-style choral singing. Despite any lyrical context (given that in their U.S. and U.K. versions, these translation-less village songs carried such unrevealing English titles as "Diaphonic Chant"), the music's emotive power and haunting beauty comes shining through. —Anastasia Tsioulcas (NPR Music)  77. AaliyahAaliyah (Blackground/Virgin America 2001) For her third and final act, Aaliyah made her strongest and most important offering. Her very tragic and untimely death shortly after the release of this self-titled album made it difficult and haunting for most people to listen to. But Aaliyah is a revelation that projects an effortlessly cool aesthetic coupled with the actual vulnerability that comes with being cool. The compositions on the forward-thinking album, most

Stories: 1) Colin Meloy of The Decemberists 2) Remembering Father Robert Drinan 3) The Metropolitan Opera in a Theater Near You


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Question: Dinner Party Physics: Health Care, Obama And Quantum Reconciliation

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So, to bolster my argument that ideas from science (physics, specifically in this case) can help us come up with social inventions (policies) to make the world a better place, let me start with a dinner I had last night with some extremely smart and socially committed friends, dear to each other and miles apart not so much on issues, but on the value of untamed idealism versus pragmatics. Or to make it over simple: Should we vote for the health care bill even though it has been so torturously altered and watered down (water boarded perhaps?) that barely a hint of what we'd hoped for remains? Should we (have) voted for Obama even though we knew he wasn't going to be able to change the world (perhaps just baby steps), and is it legitimate to have voted for him simply because he was the lesser of two evils? These are hard questions: Pragmatism requires that to some extent, we accept the existence of the "real world" as it is, and try to work within it, even if that means we may as collateral damage help to legitimize things we don't believe in (the "real world" as it is). Idealism says, and I'm quoting Frank Oppenheimer here: It's NOT the Real World! It's a world we made up! Therefore, we have the power to remake it any way we like. The perceived exigencies of the so-called real world should never been an excuse for giving up the fight for world that is radically better. In fact, as he pointed out, if we don't make radical changes in our "real world," it's not going to exist much longer. (Part of the reason are the tens of thousands of nuclear weapons out there -- thousands in the U.S. alone on 'hair trigger' alert -- each capable of vaporizing a city in a second. Strangely, they almost never show up on the list of "environment threats.") So what's physics got to do with it? First, it allows two contradictory descriptions of nature to be true. So both my friends both could be (and were) right. As Neils Bohr put it: The opposite of a shallow truth is false, but the opposite of a deep truth is also true. Read More >> Particles are waves and waves are particles. Whether they show one face or the other depends on what you look for in your experiment, on what kind of question you ask. In other words, the context. Each of my friends is a complex, warm, caring, passionate and much-loved individual. Each is also nothing but a bunch of quarks and electrons. Two contradictory statements. Both true. Different contexts. To get a full view of any situation (and make good policy) we need all these perspectives. Here's where special relativity comes in. The reason space and time are elastic is that the speed of light is invariant -- it never changes no matter what. Einstein showed that the things we thought were absolute (space and time) were actually secondary properties of something much more fundamental -- the speed of light. The fundamental things are those that don't change. (A kiss is still a kiss...) Physics is mostly about hunting down those invariants. So what were the invariants -- the fundamental truths and ideals -- among my friends? Many. I'd venture to say: almost everything really important. In general, I think we'd make more progress if we could accept (and it's not easy) that opposite legitimate points of view can both be right in the proper context, and opposite points of view are not heretical. That, and try to keep our eyes on what's fundamental -- the things we all share and value and that don't really change -- even when they look wildly different (or even unrecognizable) in strange contexts. As I said, a kiss is still a kiss. The fundamental things apply.

School Funding, Focus On Technology, National Audubon Society, The Android's Dream, Chase's Calendar of Events, Letters from Iwo Jima, Commentary: Exercise and Pre-teen Martial Arts


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

The longest partial government shutdown in history lurched through its fourth week as President Trump ordered thousands more federal workers to return to work without pay. CNN reports:  Only about 25% of the government was affected by the shutdown to begin with since Congress had already funded the Pentagon and other agencies. But there are a growing number of essential tasks performed by that quarter, which includes the Department of Justice, the Treasury Department and the Department of Homeland Security, among others. All have been working without pay.  While the president doubled down on demanding funding for the border wall, those protecting our maritime boundaries took a huge loss. On Tuesday, the Coast Guard’s 42,000 members did not receive their regular paycheck due to the partial shutdown — marking the first time members of the Armed Forces were not paid during a shutdown. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-CA, asked President Trump to postpone his State of the Union until the government reopens, in part because the Secret Service has not been funded since the shutdown began. “Sadly, given the security concerns and unless government re-opens this week, I suggest that we work together to determine another suitable date after government has re-opened for this address or for you to consider delivering your State of the Union address in writing to the Congress on January 29th,” Pelosi wrote in the letter to Trump. Rapper Cardi B took to Instagram to share her take on the shutdown, imploring her followers to take action. “Our country is in a hellhole right now. All for a wall,” she said. When will the partial shutdown end? According to The Washington Post, here are President Trump’s options:  Meanwhile, William Barr, the president’s pick for attorney general, testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee. As Barr fielded questions about a range of issues, Democrats on the panel sought a definitive understanding of his stance on the Mueller probe. Senator Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-NY, told reporters:  So despite the fact that there were some nice words at the hearing, we do not have the kind of strong, clear commitments to the report being issued and there being no interference in the investigation that are needed, particularly now with President Trump treating the Justice Department as he has.  Who is William Barr, and how strong is his allegiance to the president? Finally, it was a big week for presidential bid announcements. Tulsi Gabbard, Kirsten Gillibrand and Julian Castro jumped into the fray. Who’s next? We’ll get to all that and more on the Friday News Roundup. Text by Kathryn Fink. GUESTS Molly Ball, National political correspondent, TIME; political analyst, CNN; @mollyesque Asma Khalid, Political reporter, NPR; @asmamk For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2019 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: The Atlanta Symphony Orchestra

The Atlanta Symphony Orchestra and music director Yoel Levi (yoh-ell LEH-vee) perform "Bolero" by Maurice Ravel (noh-REES rah-VELL). From a January concert at Symphony Hall in Atlanta. (ACA Digital Recording and Horton Systems Company)

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Bob Engelhart and Dave Granlund say Flake Off! to winter storms.


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Question: From One Of Ted's Recommended

From one of Ted's recommended recordings, Musica Antiqua of Cologne performs a Concerto in A minor for flute, oboe and strings by Telemann. (Archiv 413 788-2)

2021 Podcast By Emily M. 9/11 NPR A Cultural Disconnect: The US and Iran A Dive into Diversity Aidan Sockrider's NPR Student Contest Submission Albert Barnes All About Cancel Culture All Natural: Yellowstone National Park An Ode to Ants Anxiety In Kids and Teens AP B3 A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words A Possibly Positive Pandemic? Arab Teens Asian Stereotypes Athlete's Corner: Pandemics, Protein Shakes, and Home Workouts Auggie's Pet Podcast Avocado Mafia Break In The Story Of Laurie Dann Butterflies in our Stomach Butterflies Unscripted Candy to My Ears Charlie's Family Podcast Charlie Brown Parallels to the Past Part Two Cinthia A - NPR Podcast Challenge 2021 Climate Change Coping with Covid Covid Conversations Creativity and Nature Dancing Fire Dark 'n' Stormy Dark Childhood Theories Death By Sugar: The Great Molasses Flood Of 1919 Different Bodies, Different Reasons Dinosaurs Drinks with a Tasteful Twist Environmental Activism With Orla Malloy Escape From Alcatraz Evolution Of Slang Exhale Forget, Fix, or Forgive Food Waste Frog Bridge & The Soul of Willimantic Genres Of Music Gratitude GSNPR Podcast Contest Guinness World Records Harmful Gender Norms Haunted Hometown: Pleasanton, California Helmet Podcast Hieu Tam Pham High School Memories History of Music Hole Donut How Are Sports Affected? How Can We Stop Global Warming How the first trillionaire will come about How to Bake the World's Best Chocolate Chip Cookies How to Make Students' Lives Engaging During COVID-19 Hyphenated I Am Black Excellence If You Close Your Eyes In a Pickle Inclusion Indian Small Farmers' Fight for Democracy Industry Juniors Interviews with Grandma In The Eye Of The Storm IRL Podcast It's A Twin Thing Japanime Podcast Just Clowning Around KIDWARZ Leadership Podcast Legal Misconduct Let's Talk About Sustainability! LGBTQ discrimination Life Of A Racecar Driver Llama Podcast Local Artist LOTR Male Depression Match Of The Century Media and Reality: TV's Effect on Black Women Megan Ramirez NPR Mental Health For Students Mental Health in Movies and TV Mirror, Mirror On The Dog Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women Miss Mattie and Scooter Mouse MLK Marches in Cicero My Small Business Journey Mysterious Earth Nad - Cast 1 - 3 12 21, 10.45 PM Nate Drohan: Sleep Talk Podcast Native American Mascots Neighborhood News NMC21: Q No Longer a Child One year of distance Online or in person schooling? Operation Paperclip Opinions on Group Homes Pandemic Blues Pandemics and Students Parents Just Don't Understand Parents Vs. Kids Pickled Punks Podcast PTSD: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly Quarantine Daydreams R.O.G.U.E. Podcast Episode 4 Part 1: Authenticity Representation In Film Risk Takers Podcast Sardines Lost At Sea Scary Story Slight of Hand Sophia's Podcast on Eagles Speech And Debate Podcast Stories Around The Ghost Light: 24 Hours Before You Lose It All Survival Of The Vietnam War Taylor A's Story Technology Dating Texting While Zooming The Breakout Room The Days Before US The Degradation of the Y Chromosome The Effect Of Machismo The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly: The Electoral College The Great Emu War The Hauntings of Breckie The Hauntings of Breckie The History of Classical Music The Importance Of Self Care During A Pandemic The Inexplicable Heist The Lavender Scare The Mystery Of Roanoke Island The Podcast People There is a Banana in my Podcast The Rise Of Anti - Asian Hate The Simpsons Podcast The Speculative Implications of Trans- Temporal Travel The Subtle Things: Teacher-Student Relationships The Trolley Problem The Underlying Problems In The Gaming Industry The Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Water Rights Settlement Act The Weekend that Went Wrong This or That: School Edition Through Many Glass Ceilings Thurscast TriplePoint Two Brothers, One Mother Tye Rollins: A Hero in Scrubs and a White Coat Understanding the Hijab Unknown Monsters: Climate Change Victoria Viruses are NOT a Race Voices Of Hawaii Weird Laws in America What's Good? What is Worth Fighting For? Where Are You Daddy? Why TikTok is a Black Hole Zobia and Lila


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Question: In The Third Of Our Series

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In the third of our series of looks at America's musical heroes, people who work Above and Beyond the call of duty to keep classical music vibrant in America's communities, Martin Goldsmith talks to Nancy Ehlinger, a choral music teacher from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Invited to take part in a concert of high school choirs at Carnegie Hall, Ehlinger accepted. Faced with costs of more than $50,000, more than they could ever hope to raise from bake sales and car washes in the time allotted to them, Ehlinger went into personal debt to the tune of $37,000 to make it happen. And when the people of Milwaukee found out about it, they paid her back in contributions ranging in size from five to 100 dollars.

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: After Strong V.P. Debate, Campaigns Look Ahead

Thursday the vice presidential candidates duked it out in their only debate of the campaign season. President Obama and Gov. Mitt Romney will have their second face-off Tuesday at Hofstra University in New York. NPR's Ari Shapiro, on the road with Mitt Romney's campaign, talks with guest host Celeste Headlee.

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News Headlines: Jan. 11, 2008 Talk About It:New York Times: Civil Rights Tone Prompts Talk of an Endorsement -- "Representative James E. Clyburn of South Carolina, the highest-ranking African-American in Congress, said he was rethinking his neutral stance in his state's presidential primary out of disappointment at comments by Bill and Hillary Rodham Clinton that he saw as diminishing the historic role of civil rights activists." What impact do you think a Clyburn endorsement might have? What did you think about the Clintons' comments on the nation's civil rights history? And what do you make of all this talk about Obama being competitive in South Carolina simply because a larger part of the electorate is black? Update: Bill Clinton called into Al Sharpton's radio show today to clarify his "fairy tale" statement. Read more here. Election 2008:Washington Post: Young Feminists Split: Does Gender Matter? Baltimore Sun: McCain, Paul Get Off Easy at GOP SC Debate AP: Obama, Clinton Go for Black Vote in SC AFP: Nevada Set for Moment in 2008 Election Spotlight Politico: Top Rudy Staffers Working Without Pay New York Times: Calls Grow for Bloomberg to Make Up His Mind Nation:Boston Globe: Jurors Testify About Claims of Racism Chicago Tribune: Conference Aims to Give Young Black Men Hope Boston Globe: Minority Police Group Cites Race in Disciplinary Actions Reuters: Bush: U.S. Could "Easily" Be in Iraq for 10 Years People:New York Times: Marion Jones Sentenced to Six Months in Prison AFP: Venus Williams Hunts for Elusive Australian Title L.A. Times: Just Call Isaiah Washington 'Chief Gondobay Manga'? Op-Ed:New York Times: When an Apology Is Not Enough Joel Stein: A Black President? Seen a Few


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'['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'The Republican Strategy 5 Days Before Midterm Elections']' == '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'With five days to go until midterm elections, President Trump is escalating his attacks on Democrats, immigrants and the media, despite calls to tone down the rhetoric after a week of hate-based violence.']' != '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Texas Fertilizer Plant Blast Killed Several, Injured Dozens -- Boston Marathon Explosions: Thursday\'s Developments -- Ricin Suspect Described As Conspiracist, Elvis Impersonator -- Jobless Claims Rose Slightly Last Week -- Book News: Vast \'Digital Public Library Of America\' Opens Today Other stories making headlines: -- "North Korea Sets Conditions For Return To Talks." (The New York Times) -- "Musharraf Flees Pakistan Court As Judges Order His Arrest." (The Globe and Mail) -- "I\'m Furious," Former Rep. Gabrielle Giffords (D-Ariz.) Writes After Gun Bills Fail In Senate. (The New York Times) -- "After Gun Defeat, Where Does Obama Go From Here?" (Roll Call) -- "Obama Uses And Loses Political Capital On Gun Control." (It\'s All Politics)']'

Question: Separatist Violence Against Civilians on Rise in Thailand

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Violence aimed against civilians is on the rise in the Islamic southern area of Thailand. The low-level insurgency by Muslim separatists has killed more than 900 people since January 2004.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Among La. Flood Victims, 'Depression Levels Are Really High'. -- Magnitude 6.2 Earthquake In Central Italy Reportedly Kills Dozens. And here are more early headlines: Turkey Sends Tanks, Fighter Jets Into Northern Syria. (BBC) Biden Visiting Turkey As Anti-ISIS Offensive Begins. (VOA) North Korea Test Fires New Ballistic Missile Into Sea Of Japan. (CNN) Deadly New Bombings In Thailand. (Sydney Morning Herald) Monsoons Trigger Deadly Flooding, Evacuations In India. (Weather.com) Bergdahl Lawyers Claim Sen. McCain's Comments Hurt Case. (USA Today) Former U.N. Leader Annan To Advise Myanmar On Status Of Rohingyas. (AFP)


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Question: Tonight's TV: This 'Wipeout' Episode Title Makes Even Me Uncomfortable

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I totally agree, incidentally, with Fresh Air's David Bianculli that summertime television is pretty great in many ways (as fond as I am of doldrum references), but tonight is not really a night to appreciate very many of those ways. Just hang on, though, because as I wrote today, that Sunday Mad Men premiere is great. Tonight's episode of Wipeout (8:00 p.m., ABC) is called "Screw You Banana." I do not know what this means. Let me rephrase: I hope I do not know what this means. New Burn Notice (9:00 p.m., USA)! Also: new Royal Pains (10:00 p.m., USA). Another one is voted off So You Think You Can Dance (9:00 p.m., Fox), leaving only five. Herd's getting mighty thin over there. In case there is any angle from which Bethenny Frankel hasn't been filmed, tonight's episode of Bethenny Getting Married? (10:00 p.m., Bravo) (outdated, since she got married two episodes ago) covers her experience with childbirth. Of course, if you're not into televised labor pains, there's always Ace Of Cakes (10:00 p.m., Food Network) or the new Futurama (10:00 p.m., Comedy Central).

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For example, '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details.', 'Gen. David Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq, told a Senate panel on Tuesday that American and Iraqi forces had made great strides toward the goal of bringing security to the country, but called for an open-ended suspension of troop withdrawals that he said could jeopardize progress. Speaking to the Senate Armed Service Committee, the Iraq war commander told lawmakers that there had been "significant but uneven security progress" in Iraq since the so-called surge strategy put 30,000 more soldiers on the ground in Iraq. He cited a marked decrease in the number of U.S. and Iraqi deaths since the surge, but warned that an upsurge of sectarian violence in recent weeks showed that the progress made was "fragile and reversible." Petraeus recommended a 45-day "period of consolidation and evaluation" once the extra combat forces that President Bush ordered to Iraq last year have completed their pullout in July. "At the end of that period, we will commence a process of assessment to examine the conditions on the ground and, over time, determine when we can make recommendations for further reductions," he said. "Since September, levels of violence and civilian deaths have been reduced substantially.  Al-Qaeda Iraq and a number of other extremists elements have been dealt serious blows," he told lawmakers. U.S. Ambassador to Iraq Ryan Crocker spoke to the political stability in Iraq, saying the White House\'s troop plans in Iraq would not "tie the hands of the next administration." He also pointed to progress made by the government of President Nouri al-Maliki, adding that continued U.S. support was vital. "This does not mean that U.S. support should be open-ended," he said. The recent violence in Baghdad and the southern city of Basra, where Iraqi forces have taken the lead against Shiite militiamen, showed "there is still very much to be done" to stabilize the situation, but "when viewed with a broader lens, the Iraqi decision to combat these groups in Basra has major significance." "Immense challenges remain and progress is uneven and often frustrating slow, but there is progress," Crocker said. "Sustaining that progress will require continuing U.S. resolve and commitment." Presumptive Republican presidential nominee Sen. John McCain of Arizona, who has expressed solidarity with the Bush administration\'s desire to stabilize U.S. troop levels at 140,000 after July\'s withdrawal, spoke before Petraeus. McCain was careful to distinguish his support for last year\'s surge strategy from the previous "four years of mismanaged war." A year after the surge, however, McCain said, "We\'re no longer staring into the abyss of defeat and we can look ahead to the prospect of success." McCain\'s statement was briefly interrupted by spectators. Later, a gallery observer interjected "bring them home!" during a question to Petraeus. Democratic presidential hopeful Sen. Hillary Clinton, who questioned both Petraeus and Crocker, called for an "orderly" withdrawal of troops. She praised U.S. forces as "the best in the world" but said the costs of the war in lives and money were placing an undue burden on the nation. "The longer we stay in Iraq, the longer we divert challenges from Afghanistan and elsewhere in the world," she said. Clinton acknowledged "the very difficult dilemma that any policy in Iraq poses to leaders," but said that Iraqi leaders had consistently failed to deliver on promises of progress. Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Barack Obama is on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, where Petraeus and Crocker appeared Tuesday afternoon. Obama pressed them on their standard for success in Iraq. Obama said he worries that the goals — completely eliminating al-Qaida and Iranian influences — may be impossible to achieve and troops could be there for 20 or 30 years in a fruitless effort. "If, on the other hand, our criteria is a messy, sloppy status quo but there\'s not huge outbreaks of violence, there\'s still corruption, but the country is struggling along, but it\'s not a threat to its neighbors and it\'s not an al-Qaida base, that seems to me an achievable goal within a measurable timeframe," Obama said. Sen. Richard Lugar said "appealing for more time to make progress was insufficient" and that the U.S. needs a "definable, political strategy that recognizes the time limitations we face and seeks a realistic outcome designed to protect American vital interests." Lugar, of Indiana, is the Foreign Relations Committee\'s ranking Republican. Sen. Joseph Biden, D-Del., who chairs the panel, asked Petraeus to estimate on a scale of one to 10 how close the U.S. is to being able to significantly reduce forces in Iraq. Petraeus said, "I think we\'re in a six or a seven, or somewhere along there." Biden responded: "I can\'t think of any circumstance where you fellows are likely to recommend no matter how bad things got where you would withdraw. But I may be mistaken. That\'s part of everyone\'s concern." In Iraq, Shiite cleric Muqt']' should be close to '['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Petraeus, Crocker Warn Iraq Progress Is Reversible']'

Stories: 1) Making Fun Of Everyone On 'South Park' 2) 'Sex And The City 2': Sheiks, Shrieks And Eeks


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Question: Old Music Tuesday:  Sinead O'Connor's I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got

Capitol/EMI has been busy reissuing albums this year. There's all the Beatles recordings coming out in September, not to mention the "deluxe" reissues of Radiohead's first three CDs that just came out. Now, on top of reissued albums by Beastie Boys and Lenny Kravitz, EMI is dropping a new version of Sinead O'Connor's I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got. O'Connor's 1990 album holds a couple of distinctions in my personal music library: First, it was the last vinyl LP I bought as my primary way of listening to an album. At the time, I was a poor college student, and a vinyl record was simply cheaper than a CD. Not long afterward, I got a new job and never bought a record again, except as a novelty. The second distinction is that it was the first time in many years that I was able to truly love something from Top 40 radio. In fact, it was the beginning of a new period for me -- one in which I was able to turn on mainstream commercial radio and consistently find something I liked. We were coming out of the '80s (a period I really didn't care for) and into the '90s (a decade I absolutely loved), and I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got gave me hope for what might come next. By the way, the job I got was at an NPR member station. I worked the morning news shift and had to be at work by 4:30 a.m. every day. One morning, while sorting through the day's top stories, I turned on the newsroom television and saw this video for the first time: I'm not sure why that moment has stuck with me nearly 20 years later. But I've always remembered it as the moment I started to think we might finally be free from the ridiculously exaggerated aesthetic of the '80s. We've been talking a lot about the value of reissues and remastered albums at All Songs Considered. I'm on the fence: I definitely think labels are trying to cash in on past classics, particularly as they struggle to find an answer to the devastating impact digital downloads have had on CD sales. At the same time, I love getting the extras -- outtakes, demos, videos of live performances -- that "deluxe" reissues offer, and remastered CDs are often much better than the original releases. I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got has some nice extras, including a second disc with some remixes and previously unreleased songs. And the remastered audio sounds much, much better than the original release. But what I'm happiest about is that it simply inspired me to remember an album that used to mean so much to me. Tell us what you think in the comments below. And let me know what you think of Sinead O'Connor's album. Love it? Hate it? Does it hold any special meaning or memories for you?

All Songs Considered's Robin Hilton runs through the essential new album releases for March 16 with NPR Music's Ann Powers and Rodney Carmichael. Featured albums: 1. Snoop Dogg's Bible Of Love, 2. The Decemberists' I'll Be Your Girl, 3. Essaie Pas' New Path, 4. Mount Eerie's Now Only, 5. Meshell Ndegeocello's Ventriloquism.    Also mentioned:  Yo La Tengo: There's A Riot Going On, Caroline Says: No Fool Like An Old Fool, Bishop Nehru: Elevators Act 1 & 2, Durand Jones & The Indications: Durand Jones & The Indications, Lauren Auder: Who Carries You, PRhyme: PRhyme 2, Rich Homie Quan: Rich As In Spirit.


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Question: Governor Napolitano on Here and Now

Governor Napolitano joined Steve Goldstein on KJZZ's Here and Now.  As part of her usual monthly visit, she talked about issues facing the state, campaign politics and answered listener comments and questions as well.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Washington's Weiner; Sarah Palin's Mystery Tour; A Good Reason to Hang up the Phone.


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Question: Bear Enters Wrong Den Which Proves Fatal

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Sometimes you eat the bear and sometimes the bear eats you. Everett Skinner in Grants Pass, Ore. is in the former category. Skinner actually didn't eat the large black bear that entered his house through an open window over the weekend and didn't seem inclined to leave even after Skinner confronted him in his den. That would be Skinner's den, not the bear's. Skinner only shotgunned it to death. As the Associated Press reported:  The bear ripped off a window screen and climbed into their den Saturday night, Skinner said.   Skinner's daughter Nicole awoke at about 11:30 p.m. to a strange shuffling sound and was the first to spot the bruin. She quickly retreated to her parents' room to get help.   Everett Skinner grabbed his shotgun and went to the den, where he and the bear saw each other at about the same time. He said the animal stood up and headed toward him, so he fired.   "It didn't even faze him," Skinner said. In all, he fired his shotgun four times, killing the animal.  Grants Pass' local newspaper, The Daily Courier, has a video that feels like it's a minute too long of Skinner explaining how he bagged the big one. (Warning: it features a grisly photo of the bear looking exactly how you'd expect a shot-gunned bear to look.) Meanwhile, The Daily Courier reports on its front page that Grants Pass is getting two more policemen courtesy of a Justice Department grant. And it sounds like they're coming not a moment too soon.

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Stories: 1) Reporter Explores America's Unique Take on Justice 2) Growing Up In a Surfer Family, Wipeouts and All


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: May We Guess Your Portfolio?

It's a game where we have all of the questions but may not have any of the answers. Tom and David Gardner put their Foolish guesswork to the test and try to figure out which stock our contestant owns.

Stories: 1) Primary Colors, Brighter than Usual? 2) Adrian Tomine, Drawing Delicately from Life 3) Believe It or Not, 'Lost' Returns for a New Season


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Question: BackTalk: 'Tell Me More' Blog Conversations

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Hear listener reactions to recent stories, including the impact of Catholic sex-abuse scandals among Hispanic communities, and the "Summer of Soul" series. Also, learn more about guest host Cheryl Corley as she sits in for Michel Martin.

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Stories: 1) The Team Behind 'Little Miss Sunshine' 2) Designer Dogs


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Question: Citing Health, Environment Concerns, New York Moves To Ban Fracking

Officials in New York said on Wednesday that the state will ban hydraulic fracturing there. The move follows years of efforts by environmentalists, who have called on the state to ban the practice.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: The Marketplace Report: Rising College Costs

NPR's Alex Chadwick talks with Tess Vigeland of Marketplace about the rising cost of a college education, and how an increasing number of students are relying on student loans to pay for it.

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May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Question: Key West To Ban Popular Sunscreen Ingredients To Protect Coral Reef

Key West voted late Tuesday to ban the sale of sunscreens containing certain chemicals linked to coral reef bleaching. The ban is set to go into effect Jan. 1, 2021. The Key West City Commission voted 6-1 to ban the sale, within city limits, of sunscreens that contain oxybenzone or octinoxate, the Miami Herald reports. Some studies have linked the chemicals to cellular damage in coral reefs. But industry officials challenged the ban, saying the link between the chemicals and coral bleaching isn't proven. Only one living coral reef exists in North America, and it lives about 6 miles off the Keys. "We have one reef, and we have to do one small thing to protect that," said Mayor Teri Johnston. "It's our obligation." The banned chemicals are present in most of the sunscreens on sale in the U.S., NPR has reported. Up to 70 percent of sunscreens on the U.S. market contain oxybenzone, and up to 8 percent contain octinoxate. That includes offerings by Neutrogena, Coppertone and Aveeno. The industry, as well as some doctors, have fought the Key West ban. At Tuesday's meeting, "some dermatologists and industry lobbyists showed up to say banning the sale of such sunscreens would increase rates of skin cancer and likely discourage people from using any at all," the Herald reports. Johnson & Johnson, which sells multiple sunscreens with oxybenzone, argues that concerns about its effects on coral reefs "have led to widespread misinformation about the safety of many sunscreens in the marine environment." The company says "no credible science" exists that shows a link between sunscreens and coral reef bleaching. Johnson & Johnson asserts that, "According to environmental experts around the world, global climate change, ocean acidification, and unsustainable fishing practices are the cause of coral reef bleaching." Last year, Hawaii became the first state to pass a similar ban, which also goes into effect on Jan. 1, 2021. According to the text of that law, the chemicals "cause mortality in developing coral; increase coral bleaching that indicates extreme stress ... and cause genetic damage to coral and other marine organisms." In late 2018, the Pacific archipelago of Palau became the first nation to ban sunscreens with the controversial chemicals, NPR's Emily Sullivan reported. A spokesman for the country's president told NPR that the legislation was based in large part on a 2017 report from the Coral Reef Research Foundation that found widespread sunscreen toxins in the popular tourist attraction Jellyfish Lake, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Before the vote Tuesday night, at least one commissioner expressed concern that the city of Key West may be opening itself up to litigation. "I'd rather have the coffers of the state of Hawaii defend the legal challenge," said City Commissioner Greg Davila, according to Herald reporter Gwen Filosa. "I'd much rather let Hawaii deal with that expense" of a potential legal defense. Davila was the lone dissenter among the commission. He argued that the science wasn't clear, and that residents should have the freedom to choose what sunscreens they want to use.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- EgyptAir Plane Hijacker Arrested In Cyprus. -- Atlanta Businesses Again Lead Push Against Social Conservatives. And here are more early headlines: Pakistan Arrests Hundreds Of People After Deadly Bombing. (Deutsche Welle) Utah Will Require Anesthesia For Abortions After 20 Weeks. (USA Today) FBI Investigating Potential Hacking Of Hospital System. (Washington Post) Tanker Spills Unknown Amount Of Crude Oil In Louisiana Bayou. (NOLA.com) Another Skyscraper Fire Breaks Out In United Arab Emirates. (Time) Bleaching Of Great Barrier Reef Far Worse Than Feared. (Sydney Morning Herald) Remote Alaska Volcanic Eruption Subsides. (Alaska Volcano Observatory) Gnome Homes Relocated From Pennsylvania State Park To Local Parks. (AP)


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Question: China/Taiwan Meetings Over

NPR's Mary Kay Magistad reports that China and Taiwan concluded the highest level talks between the two countries in several years. The landmark meeting between China's President Jiang Zemin and a top Taiwan envoy was aimed at improving relations, but no breakthroughs occurred.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: From A Performance Given

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From a performance given March 4th at Spivey Hall at Clayton State College in Morrow, Georgia, English pianist David Owen Norris plays excerpts from Six Piano Pieces by Johannes Brahms: the Romanze in F major and the Intermezzo in E-flat. (ACA Digital Recordings/Horton Systems Company)

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Later This Hour We'll Hear

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Later this hour we'll hear a review of music originally writtten for film scores by composer Bernard Herrmann which he conducted for a Decca recording with the National Philharmonic Orchestra in the early 70s. From the science fiction classic "The Day the Earth Stood Still," here are three pieces: "Space Control," "Terror," and "Farewell and Finale." (London 443- 899-2)

Stories: 1) Peter Sagal, Exploring 'Vice' So We Don't Have To 2) A Chorus of Movie Musicals Reprised on DVD


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Question: What Sundown Towns Represent For Black Drivers Today

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Author Candacy Taylor spent all summer documenting Green Book sites and exploring how Black Americans can travel safely across the U.S in 2021. Taylor’s latest book, “Overground Railroad: The Green Book and the Roots of Black Travel in America,” examines the historical role and the impact of the Green Book — a travel guide printed from 1936 to 1967 to help Black Americans find safe places to stay, shop and eat on the road. Taylor says during her travels she came across so-called “sundown towns” — all-white communities or neighborhoods that intentionally exclude Black people and other minorities through discriminatory systems. “There were thousands of these sundown communities and most of them were predominant in the Midwest, in the West and in the North,” Taylor says. “So most people assume it was the South that was the problem, but that really wasn’t the case.” The Green Book coincided with the second wave of the Great Migration, when 1.5 million Black people fleeing racial terror in the South headed North, she says. After 6 p.m., Black people faced the risk of harassment or at worst death. “The sundown town was really a way that the North and West patrolled and monitored race without having the dirty signs of saying colored only or whites only,” she says. “[It’s] almost a covert operation because there would just be one sign at the county line saying ‘N-word, don’t let the sun set on you here’.” A bell would ring to alert Black residents working in the sundown towns to go home and cross the border, Taylor says. Travelers had no way of knowing where the sundown towns were located because there wasn’t a map until James Loewen researched and wrote the book “Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism,” she says. Loewen discovered that many of the sundown towns would burn the signs and that there’s no official record that some existed at all — which shows people continue to “erase the dirty parts of our history that we don’t want to remember,” Taylor says. “Sundown towns are just like any other towns in America,” she says. “I have been to a couple that still seem to hold on to their racist heritage, and they have a large number of white supremacist groups.” Many of these normal towns — like Harrison, Arkansas — still display confederate flags and “big, scary signs,” she says. Research on sundown towns helps people understand the blatant racism that exists in our country, Taylor says. That’s why she’s interested in looking at how sundown towns operate. While working on a digital interactive map with National Geographic, Taylor says she discovered there has been a small increase in Black and Brown people in sundown towns — even though they are still 90% white. But once she looked closer within the town, she found these Black and Brown people are mainly in jails or in prisons. The advantage of this for towns is an increase in legislative power, she says. “It’s kind of almost a prison gerrymandering that is happening,” Taylor says. “And that’s what I’m really fascinated with because that to me is again more covert operations that are very difficult to fight.” There’s been a lot of attention on sundown towns because people have recently learned that these towns existed, Taylor says. People are discussing a history that has been forgotten or overlooked. However, one of her concerns is that people are focusing so much on the troubled history of the sundown towns that people tend to forget that the whole country has a troubled history. “I don’t want it to be conflated with the reality [that] there are serious policies that are very prevalent in progressive cities and states,” Taylor says, “that are equally destructive and debilitating to the growth and fairness and equality of Black people.”  Ashley Locke produced and edited this interview for broadcast with Tinku Ray. Camila Beiner adapted it for the web. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

Stories: 1) Writing About The Midwestern Muslim Experience 2) 'A Separation' Of Hearts, Minds And Ideas In Iran


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Question: Thistlepod with Fiona Ritchie: Holly-days

Re-kindle the flame in your heart's hearth with Celtic Christmas music warm enough to melt the hardest winter frost.  With Eileen Ivers and Frankie Gavin on fiddles, singing from Nightnoise, Atwater Donnelly and Cara Dillon, and the Christmas bells of Dunkeld Cathedral.  View full podcast details at thistle.npr.org

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Fresh Air Weekend: Comic Wanda Sykes; Crime Novelist Laura Lippman

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Fresh Air Weekend highlights some of the best interviews and reviews from past weeks, and new program elements specially paced for weekends. Our weekend show emphasizes interviews with writers, filmmakers, actors and musicians, and often includes excerpts from live in-studio concerts. This week:  Wanda Sykes Loves Stand-Up: That's Where 'I Can Be Free,' She Says: Before Sykes became a comic, she worked at the National Security Agency, where she had top security clearance. Now she takes on the president in her Emmy-nominated Netflix special Not Normal. 'Cities Are Resilient,' Says Baltimore Crime Novelist Laura Lippman: Lippman's latest novel, Lady in the Lake, was inspired by two real-life Baltimore disappearances in the 1960s. She says Trump's recent tweets show a "basic disrespect" for the residents of her city. You can listen to the original interviews here:  Wanda Sykes Loves Stand-Up: That's Where 'I Can Be Free,' She Says 'Cities Are Resilient,' Says Baltimore Crime Novelist Laura Lippman

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Stories: 1) Fresh Air Remembers War Reporter Anthony Shadid 2) Michelle Williams: The Fresh Air Interview 3) A Veteran's 'Return' To The Front Lines Of Home


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Question: Conrad Black Found Guilty of Fraud Charges

A Chicago jury found Canadian media magnate Conrad Black guilty on several criminal fraud charges. Black and three other executives at Hollinger International had been accused of swindling shareholders out of more than $60 million. A federal grand jury in Chicago indicted Black and three former associates two years ago, on fraud and other charges. They say that Black and his associates kept payments for themselves that should have gone to Hollinger and its investors. Black was accused of using the company plane to fly himself and his wife on a vacation, and ordering Hollinger to pay $40,000 of a $62,000 birthday party for his wife in New York. RENEE MONTAGNE, host:  This morning a Chicago jury found Canadian media magnate Conrad Black guilty on several criminal fraud charges. Black and three other executives at Hollinger International had been accused of swindling shareholders out of more than $60 million. A federal grand jury in Chicago indicted Black and the three former associates two years ago on fraud and other changes. They say that Black and his associates kept payments for themselves that should have gone to Hollinger and its investors. Among other things, Conrad Black was accused of using the company plane to fly himself and his wife on a vacation and ordering Hollinger to pay $40,000 of the $62,000 birthday party tab for his wife in New York.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

Just because everyone knows my procedure in picking each week's random ScuttleButton winner is as fair as Sunday's Putin re-election in Russia doesn't mean you shouldn't try to solve this week's puzzle.  In fact, I think this week's is a good one. First, my weekly/weakly reminder.  Every   Monday on this site I put up a      vertical display  of  buttons.         Your     job is to  simply take one word      (or    concept)   per       button,  add      'em up,  and,     hopefully, you      will   arrive    at  a     famous   name  or  a familiar expression.   (And        seriously,  by familiar, I mean it's  something                  that      more than  one       person  on  Earth would        recognize.) For          years, a    correct    answer chosen  at         random would get  his  or     her    name    posted in this      column, an     incredible  honor in  itself.       Now the    stakes  are    even   higher.     Thanks   to the  efforts of  the    folks  at Talk of the Nation, that person also  hears their name mentioned on the Wednesday show (by me) and receives a Political Junkie t-shirt in the bargain.  Is this a great country or what? You can't  use the   comments box at the bottom  of  the page    for your answer.  Send   submission (plus your   name and   city/state — you   won't   win without that) to  politicaljunkie@npr.org. And,         by adding your name to    the Political                  Junkie mailing list,   you  will be among the first on your  block to                        receive notice       about the column and the puzzle.   Sign    up      at  politicaljunkie@npr.org.          Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new        Junkie   post goes up by clicking here. Good                           luck! By                     the way, I announce the        winner on     Wednesday's       Junkie segment on TOTN.  But with a new puzzle up   every Monday       afternoon, you   should      get your    answer   in   as soon as possible. Here's the answer to last week's puzzle: Elect St. John to Congress — Radio commentator Jeffrey St. John was the Conservative Party nominee in the 1966 special election to succeed John Lindsay in New York's 17th District. It's Hell With Mel — This button was put out by someone who didn't especially like New Hampshire GOP Gov. Mel Thomson in the 1970s. 2 Udall buttons — Rep. Mo Udall (Ariz.) sought the Democratic nomination for president in 1976. Great Hinckley Fire / 75th Anniversary / 1894-1969 — Remembrance of an awful event that destroyed the town of Hinckley, Minn. in 1894 and killed hundreds of people. So, when you combine St. + Hell + Mo's + Fire, you just very well may get ... St. Elmo's Fire.  The Brat Pack movie from 1985. This week's ScuttleButton winner, chosen completely at random, is ... Gin Peck of Phelps, N.Y. Gin gets a TOTN t-shirt.

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: It's a Bird! It's A Plane! It's Amazon!; The Holy Doorman; Father Stealthmas.


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Question: Summer Songs: Since You Can't Escape Them, Hope To Enjoy Them

It's the time of the season when love for pop music runs high. Summer is officially here, and an unofficial competition is underway to crown 2013's "Song of the Summer." We're talking about those unavoidable pop anthems that are played over and over again on the radio, at the beach and out the window of passing cars. You can't escape them — you can only hope to enjoy them. NPR Music curated a list featuring more than 100 of the hits from the last 50 years.

We decided to go all out for this year's All Songs Considered holiday party. The guest list for this (trust us!) unforgettable night of music and tall tales included Kishi Bashi, Dan Deacon, Carrie Brownstein and Nellie McKay. We hosted the festivities at a secluded cabin we rented one weekend in a snowy woods. It was a chilly night, but we had a roaring fire, plenty of eggnog, vegan haggis and lots of holiday songs to keep everybody warm! Songs Featured On This Episode Happy Xmas (War Is Over) Artist: The Polyphonic Spree Album: Holidaydream: Sounds of the Holidays, Vol. 1 I've Got My Love To Keep Me Warm Artist: Julian Koster Album: I've Got My love To Keep Me Warm We Need A Little Christmas Artist: Sufjan Stevens Album: Silver & Gold Electronica Hanukkah Artist: Dan Deacon Album: Electronica Hanukkah It Doesn't Feel Like Christmas Artist: Sam Phillips Album: Cold Dark Night It's Christmas, But It's Not White Here In Our Town Artist: Kishi Bashi Album: Holiday Flexi Single Baby, It's Cold Outside (Performed by Sharon Van Etten and Rufus Wainwright) Artist: Various Artists Album: Holidays Rule I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day (Performed By The Civil Wars) Artist: Various Artists Album: Holidays Rule Father Christmas Artist: Telekinesis Album: Peace On Earth: Vol II A Christmas Waltz Artist: Nellie McKay Album: A Christmas Waltz Back Door Santa (Performed By Clarence Carter) Artist: Various Artists Album: Christmas Soul [Rhino]


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: Gates Unveils New Media Rules For Military

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Defense Secretary Robert Gates and Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, held a press briefing at the Pentagon on Thursday. Gates discussed new rules the Pentagon plans to enforce governing the way the military deals with the press. Gates and Mullen also announced their pick to head up the military's Central Command. Gen. Michael Mattis would replace Gen. David Petraeus, who now is leading the war effort in Afghanistan. Melissa Block talks to NPR's Rachel Martin.

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State to Impose New Emissions Rules for Small Engines. Solar Initiative Launches January 1. End Music.


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Question: Is Trump's Call For 'Law And Order' A Coded Racial Message?

"I am the law-and-order candidate." With that proclamation in his acceptance speech, Donald Trump made it official that he'd be recycling the themes and language of Richard Nixon's 1968 campaign. A lot of observers were quick to point out that 2016 is no 1968 and that Donald Trump is no Richard Nixon. As it happens, "law and order" isn't what it once was, either. "Law and order" is an archaic expression, from the Latin "lex et ordo." Over the course of American history, it's the cry that the people in charge have raised to confront the threat of violence bubbling up from below — whether as popular insurrections, public disorders, radical agitators or gangs. It was a phrase invoked to condemn the striking auto workers in Flint in 1936 and the demonstrations organized by Martin Luther King in Birmingham in 1963. But for most Americans of the Nixon era, "law and order" was saturated with the mythology of the Old West. Hollywood made at least five Western films with that very title, most with the same tried-and-true plot: a lawman reluctantly takes up his badge one last time to clear out the ruffians who have been terrorizing the decent folks of Dodge or Tombstone. Ronald Reagan starred in the 1953 film of that name. Thirteen years later, he revived the role of the new sheriff in town to win the California governorship, running as a citizen-politician who could restore law and order in the wake of the Watts riots and the disorders at Berkeley. By the time Nixon and George Wallace adopted the law-and-order slogan in 1968, the phrase was everywhere in the air. The social fabric seemed to be coming apart at the seams: the assassinations of Bobby Kennedy and Martin Luther King, the urban riots, the Weathermen and the Panthers, the street protests and campus upheavals — and a violent crime rate that had risen alarmingly over the course of the decade. By August of 1968, voters saw law and order as the most important issue facing the nation, ahead even of the Vietnam War. Nixon publicly denied that the phrase was a code for racism — the very accusation implied a "reverse racism," he said, as if the critics were suggesting that "the Negroes" didn't want law and order, too. But the message was clear enough in Nixon's references to a "city jungle" that threatened to swallow the affluent suburbs. His TV ads showed a middle-aged white woman walking nervously down a city street at night, where the assailants who might be lurking in the shadows presumably weren't hippies or demonstrators. This was a new maneuver in modern American political rhetoric. Even in the South, most Americans had repudiated explicit racism. Now, crude appeals to bias had to be replaced by phrases that obliquely brought racial images to mind. People often describe these phrases as racial dog whistles, which send a signal that's only audible to one part of the audience. But their racial connections are usually pretty obvious to everyone. You don't need a Captain Midnight decoder ring to know that "welfare queens" or "inner-city culture" are references to minorities, no more than to know that "Park Avenue" is a reference to the rich. Those phrases are less like dog whistles than Pavlov's bells — all the dogs can all hear them but they only salivate if they've been conditioned to respond. The important thing is that they leave you room to deny the associations to yourself and to others. And they provide the opportunity for a kind of rhetorical jiu-jitsu in response, where you turn the charge of racism against your critics. Somebody taxes you with racism for a remark about bands of youths in hoodies, and you indignantly point out that Mark Zuckerberg wears a hoodie too — and they're the one with race on the brain. In the past, these racial bells have usually been abandoned when their associations become too obvious to be plausibly denied. The phrase "states' rights" is so tarnished by its association with segregation that nobody uses it now. If you want to object to federal control of some policy or program you have to say the issue should be "left to the states." "Law and order" lasted as a political slogan into the 1990s — Bill Clinton invoked it to justify both tougher penalties and community programs. But by the turn of the century, the phrase was out of fashion, other than as the punning title of a popular TV series about cops and prosecutors. That owes something to the dramatic decline in violent crime since then, even if public perceptions haven't entirely caught up with it. But public attention had turned to other kinds of criminality — Enron and Madoff, cybercrime and mortgage scams. Trump's single-handed effort to revive the slogan "law and order" is the key to creating the perception of a new crisis of crime and violence; it weaves together assaults by those he calls radical Islamic terrorists, inner-city thugs and illegals. The racial overtones of the phrase are even harder to deny now than they were in the Nixon years, when white radicals and

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Letters from Listeners

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NPR's Andrea Seabrook reads from recent letters, including comments on Gwen Macsai's advice to new fathers and the documentary Other People's Pictures.

Wedding Announcements from Kasper Hauser's upcoming book Weddings of the Times.


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

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While Americans are demanding to know who spread the malicious rumor that Christine O'Donnell endorsed Mitt Romney — sounds like a DNC dirty trick to me — I have better things to focus on.  Like preparing this week's ScuttleButton puzzle.  And wondering who will figure it out. As you know, the rules are pretty simple.  Every      Wednesday on this site I put up a      vertical display of buttons.    Your    job is to simply take one word      (or   concept)  per  button, add      'em up, and,     hopefully, you     will  arrive at a   famous   name  or  a familiar expression. (And        seriously,  by familiar, I mean it's something          that      more than  one       person  on Earth would  recognize.) For        years, a    correct   answer chosen at    random would get his or     her    name   posted in this   column, an  incredible honor in itself.      Now the    stakes are  even  higher.   Thanks  to the efforts of the    folks  at Talk of the Nation, that person also  hears their name mentioned on the Wednesday show and receives a Political Junkie t-shirt in the bargain.  Is this a great country or what? You can't  use the   comments box at the bottom  of  the page    for your answer.  Send   submission (plus your   name and   city/state — you   won't   win without that) to  politicaljunkie@npr.org. And,         by adding your name to    the Political                  Junkie mailing list,   you  will be among the first on your  block to               receive notice       about the column and the puzzle.  Sign up  at politicaljunkie@npr.org.          Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new        Junkie   post goes up by clicking here. Good                           luck! By            the way, I      usually reveal the answer — and announce the       winner  —     on   Wednesday's Junkie segment on TOTN.  So you  should      get your    answer   in by   Tuesday. Here's the answer to last week's puzzle: Throw the Bum Out (pic of Nixon) Organize To Fight! — Anti-Richard Nixon button, probably around 1973. I Was There / Election Night (photo Bill Clinton) / Little Rock, Ark. — The winner of the 1992 presidential election. B 4 Burdick — Quentin Burdick, a Democrat, was elected to the Senate from North Dakota in a special 1960 election. Charlie for President (picture of a tuna) — Charlie was the mascot for Starkist Tuna, circa 1964. So, when you combine Bum + Bill + B + Tuna,    you    kinda get   ... Bumblebee Tuna.  And there's no reason for this puzzle whatsoever, except that I had just opened a can of Bumblebee Tuna when I thought of doing this as a ScuttleButton puzzle.  Who says I can't cook? And the winner, chosen completely at random, is ... Charlie Slack of Medina, N.Y. The fact that a Charlie won the Charlie Tuna ScuttleButton is a coincidence, I promise.  Really, I didn't do it on porpoise.  More importantly, Charlie (the person) gets a TOTN t-shirt.


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Question: Florida Tobacco Trial

NPR's Debbie Elliott reports from Miami that testimony will begin tomorrow in the punitive damages phase of a landmark class action lawsuit against the tobacco industry. In opening statements this week, lawyers for the plaintiffs urged jurors to punish the cigarette companies for the harm their products have inflicted on hundreds of thousands of Florida smokers. But lawyers for the tobacco companies countered that the industry has changed its ways and should not be punished for past misconduct.

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San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Internet poker takes seat at table of politics

The fast-growing Poker Players Alliance is fighting measures to curb wagering on Internet poker.

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Internet poker has surpassed sports betting as the most popular form of online gambling -- an industry that now takes in as much as $10 billion a year. There's one catch:  playing online poker -- for money -- is illegal in the United States.


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Question: Hour Two: AT&T / Media One Deal

GUESTS:     TBA              The country's biggest phone company could soon become the nation's largest cable operator. AT&T bid 58-billion dollars last week to acquire MediaOne, the country's third largest cable company, in a complex deal also involving Microsoft and Comcast, another cable company. The phone giant wants to provide consumers an integrated package of telephone, internet and cable television services. Critics worry that AT&T's expansion into the cable industry will once again lead to a communications monopoly. Join host Melinda Penkava and guests for a look at AT&T's mega-media deal and what it means for YOUR phone, cable and Internet bills, on the next Talk of the Nation, from NPR News.

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EPA Suit. Medicare Drug Coverage. End Music.


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Question: Jail Camp Seeks to Heal Family Wounds

In Washington, D.C., the children of incarcerated women are are reunited with their mothers at a summer camp within jail walls. Sarah Hughes of member station WAMU in Washington, D.C., reports.

Stories: 1) Reporter Explores America's Unique Take on Justice 2) Growing Up In a Surfer Family, Wipeouts and All


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Question: RIP FCAT, The Florida Test With A Chorus Of Detractors

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The Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test, or FCAT, is being replaced by a test aligned to the Common Core State Standards. StateImpact Florida's Sammy Mack remembers FCAT and its controversial run.

Stories: 1) For-Profit Colleges: Targeting People Who Can't Pay 2) Iggy Pop: A Punk Rocker Devoted To Imperfection


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Question: The Dollar Weak, New York Stores Turns to the Euro

Shopkeepers in New York City have started accepting the currency of the European Union, as the American dollar remains weak and tourists jet in for bargains.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Is This Pledge a Lemon; Out With the Old, In With the Old; and Time Is on Their Side.


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Question: Drought In South Carolina

Veta Christy reports that farmers in drought-stricken South Carolina have lost more than 30 percent of this year's crops. The governor has asked federal officials to declare the entire state a disaster area.

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: Despite Loans, Uphill Road For GM, Chrysler

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GM and Chrysler have got their government bailout, but it came with some conditions that will be difficult for the companies to meet. In some cases, the decisions must be made by outside parties, such as the United Auto Workers or investors who hold bonds issued by the companies.

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Stories: 1) Is Wall Street At Fault For Mortgage Meltdown? 2) Economy's Woes Mean Housing Crisis For Pets, Too


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Question: What Did We Learn Today

David and Tom reflect on the show's most memorable lessons.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Border Clash; Uber-stepping Boundaries; Do They Know It's Condescension Time At All.


Question: A Dollar Bill has Two Sides

Susan Dix Lyons and her husband have very different attitudes about money — and the tension between the two helps define who they are.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...House Keeper Wanted; Bidin' His Time; Stacked Up On The Runway.


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Question: 'The Yellow House' Connects Place, Memory And Self-Knowledge

Sarah M. Broom's gorgeous debut, The Yellow House, reads as elegy and prayer. The titular house is the fulcrum for Broom's memoir about her large and complex family. Perhaps more important, it stands in for the countless ways America has failed and continues to fail African Americans. Broom is the youngest of her mother Ivory Mae's 12 children. Widowed at age 19, Ivory Mae invested her savings in a shotgun house — the yellow one — in East New Orleans. Until Texas millionaires moved in with big development plans and even bigger hype, no one knew quite what to call this area. "But namelessness is a form of naming." Immediately, the house began sinking in the back, because the land had been a former cypress swamp, "too soft to support trees or the weight of three humans." Within a few years, Ivory Mae married Simon Broom, a man 19 years her senior. They each brought children to the marriage and, together, had more. Shortly after they wed, they were struck by a devastating hurricane in which levees blew, 70,000 were left homeless, and hundreds more were marooned on roofs. This was Hurricane Betsy, roaring through New Orleans 40 years before Katrina, to similar effect. Simon was a hardworking man who never quite finished improvements to the Yellow House. He died suddenly when author Broom was an infant, leaving her devoid of paternal memories. For the second time, Ivory Mae became a widow, this time, with a dozen children to raise on her own, the Yellow House her 13th. In prose rife with longing, Broom maps her parents' lives before her, the forgotten neighborhood off Chef Menteur Highway where she grew up, and the rise and fall of "the Water" — as she refers to it — Hurricane Katrina, that took everything away. Raised by her loving and attentive mother, fractious and caring older siblings, and grandma, Broom was both confined and defined by the Yellow House, which steadily deteriorated as she grew up, even as Ivory Mae worked several jobs and kept it immaculately clean. What Ivory Mae couldn't do was keep up with the repairs, or the rats, or the insects, or the rain. "You know this house not all that comfortable for other people," Ivory Mae would say; words which held, "the gut-wrenching fact, the discovery even, that by not inviting people in, we were going against our natures. That is shame." Broom felt the urge to leave — for the streets, for college and journalism school — for Harlem and a job with O Magazine, to Burundi where she skirted danger and held up a mirror against the people she lived among that pointed back to New Orleans. Broom was away when Katrina struck: "That absence, my not being there physically, began to register in me on subtle emotional frequencies, I can see now, as failure." She chronicles the traumatic impact on her family: their diaspora to California and Texas and other parts, along with harrowing rooftop escapes. In Katrina's aftermath, clearance trucks haul away the Yellow House without prior notification.  "The house held my father inside it, preserved; it bore his traces. As long as the house stood, containing these traces, my father was not yet gone. And then suddenly, he was."  Broom comes back and takes a communications job with New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin. She spends time with her beloved brother Carl, a groundskeeper at NASA, who returns night after night to the empty plot where the Yellow House stood, babysitting the bare ground in an all but abandoned neighborhood, keeping the lot mowed because "the land could be taken away from us for any and for no reason — American History 101." Nothing seems right. Even with her connections, Broom can't deliver her mother's reimbursement for the vanished house (that took seven years with multiple sets of lawyers "losing" papers). She feels helpless toward her city and disconnected from her roots. She leaves that job and begins researching this book, which is to say, her family history and the many tentacles of New Orleans that it touches. She can find zoning and housing records in offices all over town, but no clear guidance back home. For where is home? Her family is far flung and, as in Jesmyn Ward's Men We Reaped, her friends are dead, or in prison, or otherwise gone. In its unfolding of the fraught bonds among family and land and loss, The Yellow House resonates as well with Lauret Savoy's poetic memoir Trace, which connects America's vast and varied landscape with the lost places of Savoy's mixed-race ancestry. So too, with J. Drew Lanham's The Home Place. Sarah M. Broom is a writer of great intellect and breadth. She embraces momentous subjects. The Yellow House is about the relentless divestment of wealth from the African American family no matter how hard its members work; and our government's failure to protect its poor from predictable environmental catastrophe and subsequent trauma; and our gross neglect of poor neighborhoods; and sham promises that never materialize or are broken too easily, and the papering over of deep

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Stories: 1) Writing About The Midwestern Muslim Experience 2) 'A Separation' Of Hearts, Minds And Ideas In Iran


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Question: Not All Retailers Benefit From Spending By U.S. Consumers

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NPR's David Greene talks to David Wessel, director of the Hutchins Center at the Brookings Institution, about the status of brick-and-mortar retailers.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In Hong Kong, Police Clear Final 'Occupy' Protest Site. -- U.S. Says It Has Closed Its Final Detention Center In Afghanistan. And here are more early headlines: The Latest On The Congressional Omnibus Spending Bill. (Politico) U.N Official Calls For Prosecution Of U.S. Agents In Harsh Interrogations. (Newsweek) U.S. Finds Medical Bills Lead Americans' Unpaid Debts. (CFPB) Study Finds More Than 5 Trillion Pieces Of Plastic In World's Oceans. (New York Times) British, Irish Prime Ministers Join Northern Irish Peace Talks. (BBC) Falling Oil Prices Swell Alaska's Potential Budget Deficit. (AP) After 12 Days, Missing Boater Found Miles Off Hawaii. (Christian Science Monitor)


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Question: 'The Way Of The Strangers' Explores The Pull Of ISIS

Graeme Wood may be known as a journalist, but don't be fooled: He is a serious student of Islam. His articles on the so-called Islamic State have generated controversy, because he says the group should not be dismissed as deviants who know nothing about Islam. On the contrary, their leaders and recruiters know the texts from the Quran and the Hadith — the reported sayings of the Prophet. Challenge what they make of these — and most Muslims around the world do — but don't suggest they are lacking in their religious knowledge, or that they are not Muslims. In his new book, The Way of the Strangers, he takes this theme further. "Muslim critics of the Islamic State are compelled to acknowledge that the group is led by and supported by Muslims," he writes, "albeit Muslims with whom they vociferously disagree. The mortification is in the discovery that the Islamic State consults the same texts as other Muslims and dips into the same Sunni historical traditions." Wood knows what he is talking about; if you want to read in one place a discourse on the competing branches of Islam, an explanation of its different legal schools, a dictionary of its essential terms, why Sunnis see Shia as having "left the faith," and how Salafi and Sufi Muslims differ, this is your book. But that is not the reason to read it — and that is certainly not why Wood wrote it. No, this book is about his encounters with those who are believers in the Islamic State. What makes it such interesting reading is that Wood sets out in the best journalistic tradition to understand who these people are, where they come from, how they got there, and what makes them tick. He tells the stories of these encounters with very real people — and they take place all over the globe, stretching from Egypt, to Australia, to Great Britain, to Norway, to the Philippines, and to the United States. We meet Hesham Elashry, an older Egyptian who spent time in the United States and at one time made suits for the actor Paul Newman. And Musa Cerantonio, who lives in Australia and is one of the "seducers" or recruiters on-line for the Islamic State. Born Robert Cerantonio, a Catholic, his father left at an early age, and he converted to Islam after finding its simple logic and piety compelling. Like other converts, he has a facility with languages and he excels in reciting Quranic text and attracting followers. But he, too, is a follower of Yahya Abu Hassan, a.k.a. "Yahya the American" — who argues in classical Arabic for the righteousness of his cause, a cause that finds all justice in fulfilling literally the words of the prophet. Even if that means killing and waging war with non-believers, or those who claim to be Muslims but betray the iron-clad laws of the faith. Through Wood, we meet not Yahya but his family from Texas. He was born John Georgelas, to a well-to-do family in Plano, Texas. His father Tim is a doctor who went to West Point and served in the Army and the Air Force. His grandfather also served, including on the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Yahya, sickly as a kid,sought refuge in religion — initially Greek Orthodox — and then converted to Islam two and half months after 9/11, in what Wood calls the ultimate form of rebellion. There are, of course, other manifestations of rebellion, but Yahya had great talent for languages, mastered Arabic, and found his calling in studying Islam and then being attracted to its most extreme, intolerant form. Today, he is in Raqqa as the chief English-language polemicist for the Islamic State. We also meet Hamza Yusuf and Yasir Qadhi, both Muslims, both scholars and scathing critics of the Islamic State (and also of each other). Wood wants them to debunk the Islamic State, and they do, but their criticism and that of others does not mean the Islamic State will simply melt away. It has an unfortunately enduring appeal, because the caliphate fulfills what the Prophet foretold would emerge. It answers a need for some where governance is terrible, poverty and corruption abound, and injustice seems so prevalent. Here is Wood's greatest fear: That the defeat of the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq won't mean its demise. I am less pessimistic. Like all charismatic movements, it depends on success to sustain itself. Failure and defeat deny its claim to a divine mandate. Will there be successors to the Islamic State that offer a simple explanation for the oppression that exists, and a simple prescription for salvation? Yes. But that is not a new phenomenon. And we must deal with that reality by treating the root causes — and in the Muslim majority countries, that calls for finding a way to reconcile Islam with modernity. Not simple to be sure, but necessary. Ambassador Dennis Ross is a former U.S. envoy to the Middle East and a fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. His most recent book is Doomed to Succeed: The U.S.-Israel Relationship from Truman to Obama.


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Question: Kerry Urges Pullout of Troops Post-Iraq Elections

Sen. John Kerry (D-MA) calls on President Bush to start major withdrawals of troops from Iraq if the December Iraqi elections are a success. Kerry delivered his comments during a speech at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. The senator speaks with Melissa Block about his plan.

Good morning. Our first posts today were about: -- Release  Of American Hikers Not Imminent, Iran's Judiciary Says. -- Democrats  Suffer 'Demoralizing' Defeats In New York And Nevada. -- Inside  Kabul Siege Site:Attackers' Bodies, Walls Riddled With Bullet Holes. Other stories making headlines include: -- "Obama Approval Plummets On Jobs Plan," Poll Signals. (Bloomberg News) -- "Moody's Downgrades Ratings For Two French Banks." (The Associated Press) -- "Palestinians Face Mounting Pressure To Drop U.N. Statehood Bid." (The Guardian) -- "U.S. Scrambles To Avert Palestinian Vote At U.N." (The New York Times)