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Question: Astronaut Chris Hadfield Brings Lessons From Space Down To Earth

This interview was originally broadcast on Oct. 30, 2013. While floating weightless in the International Space Station last spring, Commander Chris Hadfield recorded his own version of David Bowie's "Space Oddity" — a video that's now been viewed more than 18 million times on YouTube. But when he wasn't busy being an Internet phenomenon, the Canadian astronaut was witnessing awe-inspiring beauty, facing life-threatening dangers and, at times, holding onto a spaceship orbiting Earth at 17,500 miles an hour. Hadfield has flown three space missions, conducted two space walks and spent a total of six months in space. On Earth, he's been the chief of international space station operations in Houston and chief CAPCOM commander — the person at mission control who communicates directly with astronauts in orbit. In his book, An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth, he shares some of the lessons he learned in space. "There are no wishy-washy astronauts," Hadfield tells Fresh Air's Terry Gross. "You don't get up there by being uncaring and blase. And whatever gave you the sense of tenacity and purpose to get that far in life is absolutely reaffirmed and deepened by the experience itself."  Interview Highlights On what it's like to do a spacewalk I've been so lucky to have done two spacewalks. If you looked at your wristwatch I was outside for about 15 hours, which is about 10 times around the world. ... The contrast of your body and your mind inside ... essentially a one-person spaceship, which is your spacesuit, where you're holding on for dear life to the shuttle or the station with one hand, and you are inexplicably in between what is just a pouring glory of the world roaring by, silently next to you — just the kaleidoscope of it, it takes up your whole mind. It's like the most beautiful thing you've ever seen just screaming at you on the right side, and when you look left, it's the whole bottomless black of the universe and it goes in all directions. It's like a huge yawning endlessness on your left side and you're in between those two things and trying to rationalize it to yourself and trying to get some work done. On doing a spacewalk amid Southern Lights  I was coming across the Indian Ocean in the dark. I was riding on the end of the robot arm ... [and] I thought, "I want to look at Australia in the dark," because everyone lives along the coast, starting with Perth and across and it's like a necklace of cities. So I shut off my lights, and I let my eyes completely adjust to the darkness, but as we came south under Australia instead of seeing just the lights of the cities of Australia we flew into the Southern Lights. Just like the Northern Lights they erupt out of the world and it's almost as if someone has put on this huge fantastic laser light show for thousands of miles. The colors, of course, with your naked eye are so much more vivid than just a camera. There are greens and reds and yellows and oranges and they poured up under my feet, just the ribbons and curtains of it — it was surreal to look at, driving through the Southern Lights. ... To me it was taking time to notice something that is almost always there but that if you didn't purposefully seek it out you would miss — and that is our planet and how it reacts with the energy from the sun and how our magnetic field works and how the upper atmosphere works — what it really is, is just beauty. On claustrophobia They don't want claustrophobic astronauts, so NASA is careful through selection to try to see if you have a natural tendency to be afraid of small spaces or not. Really, it's good if you've managed to find a way to deal with all of your fears, especially the irrational ones. So during selection in fact, they zip you inside a ball, and they don't tell you how long they're going to leave you in there. I think if you had tendencies toward claustrophobia then that would probably panic you and they would use that as a discriminator to decide whether they were going to hire you or not. For me, being zipped inside a small, dark place for an indeterminate amount of time was just a great opportunity and nice time to think and maybe have a little nap and relax, so it doesn't bother me. But you can get claustrophobia and agoraphobia — a fear of wide open spaces — simultaneously on a spacewalk. On coping with moments of fear and panic in space  Half of the risk of a six-month flight is in the first nine minutes, so as a crew, how do you stay focused? How do you not get paralyzed by the fear of it? The way we do it is to break down: What are the risks? And a nice way to keep reminding yourself is: What's the next thing that's going to kill me? And it might be five seconds away, it might be an inadvertent engine shutdown, or it might be staging of the solid rockets coming off. ... We don't just live with that, though. The thing that is really useful, I think out of all of this, is we dig into it so deeply and we look at, "OK, so this might kill us, this is some

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This year brought a wide range of news events and NPR's Instagram audience responded. With a mix of still images and videos, we gained about 350,000 new followers and surpassed our engagement goals in 2017. Our Instagram philosophy is to share a mix of NPR stories from a variety of topics each day. Breaking news and politics led the top 10 posts of the year but our audience also gravitated to features including baby boxes, a favorite dish from Iran and a lesson on Native American treaties. The top overall post was from early 2017, showing the Women's March on Washington following President Trump's inauguration ceremony. The rest of the top 10 are seen in chronological order, highlighting different news events throughout the year.  Women's March Floods Washington, Sparking Rallies Worldwide  Dispatches Of Discontent: Protesters Of Immigration Ban Take To The Streets  States Give New Parents Baby Boxes To Encourage Safe Sleep Habits  PHOTOS: Scientists Take To Washington To Stress A Nonpartisan Agenda  D.C. Equality March Makes Pride Political  The Aroma Of Rice And Barberries Takes Her Back Home To Iran  Harvey Weakens Over Louisiana As Houston Copes With Record Rainfall  A Few Things To Know: Why Treaties Matter Today  Speaker Ryan On Sexual Harassment: 'We Are Having A Watershed Moment In This Country'  Joe Biden Remembers His Son In His New Memoir


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Question: Toro Y Moi On World Cafe

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What For? marks a change from the sound of Toro Y Moi's previous album, Anything In Return; the emphasis this time is on guitar rather than on the electronics and keyboards of the last record. Toro Y Moi's Chaz Bundick made his debut in 2010 with Causers Of This, and soon got lumped in with an assortment of "chillwave" acts — an oversimplification of his versatile sound. Here, Toro Y Moi plays songs from What For? live in the studio.

Stories: 1) 'Conchords': Music, Comedy, Clueless Kiwis 2) Nellie McKay, Live on 'Fresh Air' 3) Rock en Espanol, with Wrestling Masks


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Question: Gunmen Seize Hostages in Russian School

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Suspected Chechen militants seize a school in southern Russia. Reports suggest between 120 to as many as 400 people are inside, many of them children. The militants threaten to blow up the school if Russian security forces try to storm the building. Hear NPR's Lawrence Sheets.

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Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: On the Ground in Louisiana: Reporter Eric Lipton

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Eric Lipton of The New York Times has been reporting from Louisiana on the hurricane and its aftermath. He is a co-author of a recent article chronicling the flawed response to the storm.

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Stories: 1) Reporter Carl Hulse on Covering the U.S. Congress 2) Buscemi's 'Interview,' Fantastically Revealing


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Question: All Songs +1: Danny Brown Shares New Song, Talks Nas And New Album

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Advisory: This interview contains profanity. On this week's All Songs +1 podcast, I'm taking the host chair usually occupied by Bob Boilen and Robin Hilton for a conversation with Danny Brown about the Detroit rapper's upcoming album, Atrocity Exhibition, his admiration for contemporaries like ScHoolBoy Q and what Brown calls his all-time favorite rap song, Nas' "The World Is Yours." In our talk, Brown also explains how he hooked up with South African singer/producer Petite Noir for the new song we're premiering in the podcast, "Rolling Stone." Danny Brown is well-known for his R-rated sense of humor and often X-rated subject matter, as well as his fashion sense, which is more rock star than rap star (Brown famously didn't get a deal with G-Unit Records because rapper 50 Cent didn't like his skinny jeans). But just as important are Brown's unflinching, humanizing depictions of life for the black underclass in his hometown. He's a vividly descriptive and introspective street poet, much like Nas, an artist who has informed much of Brown's approach to songwriting. What Nas is to New York City's Queensbridge housing projects Danny Brown is to Detroit.

Stories: 1) Brownstein And Armisen's Comedic Take On Portland 2) On 'Back To Love,' Hamilton Makes Every Syllable Count


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Question: N. Korea Welcomes Talks on Nuclear Program

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In China, diplomats from six countries discuss initial steps toward dismantling North Korea's nuclear weapons program. Talks on the issue have been stalled since December.  Upon arriving for the talks, North Korea's chief nuclear negotiator, Kim Kye Gwan, indicated that he was ready to get down to the nuts and bolts of nuclear disarmament. "We are prepared to discuss first-stage measures," Kim said.   "We are going to make a judgment based on whether the United States will give up its hostile policy and move towards peaceful coexistence."  This represents a turnaround from December, when North Korea refused to discuss its nuclear programs until the US lifted its financial sanctions on Pyongyang. The deadlock seemed to break a bit last month, when Kim met in Berlin with his U.S. counterpart, Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill.  "We had a good first day today," Hill said. A central part of the denuclearization approach adopted by the United States, Japan, China, South Korea and Russia is that North Korea allow its nuclear program to be monitored.  The country expelled United Nations International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors in 2002. MICHELE NORRIS, host:  Today, the first hopeful signs in sometime that North Korea might move toward dismantling its nuclear weapons program. You'll recall that North Korea tested its first atomic bomb last October.  Today, as NPR's Anthony Kuhn reports, diplomats from six countries were in China discussing some initial steps.  ANTHONY KUHN: Arriving at the airport here this morning, North Korea's chief nuclear negotiator, Kim Kye Gwan, indicated that he was ready to get down to the nuts and bolts of nuclear disarmament.  Mr. KIM KYE GWAN (Chief Nuclear Negotiator, North Korea): (Speaking foreign language)  KUHN: We are prepared to discuss first-stage measures, he said. We are going to make a judgment based on whether the United States will give up its hostile policy and move towards peaceful coexistence.  This represents a turnaround from December, when North Korea refused to discuss its nuclear programs until the U.S. lifted its financial sanctions on Pyongyang. But the deadlock seemed to break a bit last month when Kim met in Berlin with his U.S. counterpart, Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill.  Mr. CHRISTOPHER HILL (United States State Department): I think we had a good first day today.  KUHN: After today's discussions, Hill told reporters he expected the Chinese to present a draft plan of action on Friday.  Mr. HILL: We hope we can achieve some kind of joint statement here. And we'll have to see if we actually get that, and if we do, as I said, it'll be a good first step in terms of implementing the September statement.  KUHN: North Korea agreed in principle in September 2005 to give up its nukes in exchange for energy aid and security guarantees. Hill did not go into the details of today's discussions, but a Japanese foreign ministry official briefed reporters on the condition that his name not be used. He said that the U.S., Japan, China, South Korea and Russia were in agreement on the crucial first steps towards denuclearization for the DPRK, as North Korea is also known.  Unidentified Man: What is needed is the shutdown and (unintelligible) of the operations at nuclear-related facilities in Pyongyang by the DPRK and the acceptance of verification and monitoring by the IAEA.  KUHN: North Korea expelled United Nations International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors in 2002. Hill said he hoped that the initial steps would be implemented in about two months. It's not clear yet whether Pyongyang will agree to the other five countries' proposals. North Korean negotiator Kim said he was reserving judgment on the talks' outcome.  Mr. KIM (North Korean Negotiator): (Speaking foreign language)  KUHN: As for my outlook on the talks, he said, I'm neither optimistic nor pessimistic, as there are still many points of contention to be resolved.  All sides seem to agree that after three years of starting and stopping, the credibility of the six-party process is on the line. The current round of talks is expected to last into the weekend.  Anthony Kuhn, NPR News, Beijing.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Some 'Caravan Migrants' Allowed To Apply For U.S. Asylum. -- Cardinal George Pell To Face Sexual Assault Charges In Australia. -- In Japan, Old Robot Dogs Get A Buddhist Send Off. And here are more early headlines: Report: Mueller's Questions For President Trump. (New York Times) Pompeo Says Israeli Documents On Iran Nuclear Program Are Authentic. (BBC) Central, Southern Plains Face Chance Of Severe Weather. (AccuWeather) U.S. Servicemember Killed In Afghanistan, Another Wounded. (NATO) South Korean Leader Asks U.N. to Verify North Korean Promises. (Yonhap) South American Pirates Attack Suriname Fishermen. (AP) Scientists Map The Genome Of A Rose. (New York Times) Taekwondo Master, Jhoon Rhee, Dies. (WJLA)


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Question: Double Take 'Toons: Media: Fasting Or Furious?

Attorney General Eric Holder  testified before Congress this week about his and the Department of Justice's role in  Operation Fast and Furious. Mike Lester thinks most media outlets are helping to  cover up the story, while Pat Bagley charges Fox News with undue hyping.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: COVID-19 Apps Can Warn of Exposure, Prove Vaccination, Track Health. Do They Work?

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A variety of new smartphone apps are being developed to help Americans navigate the COVID-19 pandemic. Among them are apps that track and warn of coronavirus exposures, while others will be used for international travelers to provide information about coronavirus requirements for entering various countries, and as a way to prove that the user has been tested, or vaccinated. Here & Now’s Robin Young talks to Paul Meyer, CEO of the nonprofit Commons Project, which is developing the CommonPass app in conjunction with the World Economic Forum, and New York Times tech writer Jennifer Valentino-DeVries. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


Question: Letters from Listeners

NPR's Robert Siegel and NPR's Melissa Block read from some of this week's  letters from listeners. Send e-mail to atc@npr.org.

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Wedding Announcements from Kasper Hauser's upcoming book Weddings of the Times.


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Question: "I feel like there's a connection there."

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For example, ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Every morning, Danny Perasa would pen a note to his wife, Annie, that he stuck on the kitchen table to remind her that he loves her. It would read something like "To my princess, the weather out today is extremely rainy. I\'ll call you at 11:20 in the morning." And always end with "I love you, I love you, I love you." "I say it to remind you that as dumpy as I am, it\'s coming from me. It\'s like hearing a beautiful song from a busted old radio. And it\'s nice of you to keep the radio around the house," Danny told Annie when the Brooklynites first came to StoryCorps back in 2004. Thereafter, they visited StoryCorps countless times to chronicle their love story. A "romantic weather report," Danny jokingly called the notes. Annie, a nurse, said there was something wrong if Danny, a horse-betting clerk, didn\'t write that daily love letter to her. "The only thing that could possibly be wrong is I couldn\'t find a silly pen," Danny replied. Two years after Annie and Danny\'s exchange, Danny was diagnosed with terminal pancreatic cancer. During Danny\'s last days, they meticulously planned for when they would be apart for the first time in the nearly 30 years they\'d been married.  "We try to give each other hope and not hope that I\'ll live, hope that she\'ll do well after I pass, hope that people will support her, hope that if she meets somebody and likes him, she marries him," Danny said when StoryCorps visited their home in Sunset Park, Brooklyn, to record one last interview after his diagnosis.  It had been a whirlwind romance. Danny proposed to Annie on their first date. She said yes. Danny said that being married to her was like having a color television set, and he never wanted to go back to black and white. "She lights up the room in the morning when she tells me to put both hands on her shoulders so that she can support me. She lights up my life when she says to me at night, \'Wouldn\'t you like a little ice cream?\' Or \'Would you please drink more water?\' " Danny said in 2006. "I mean, those aren\'t very romantic things to say, but they stir my heart." Annie told Danny that she wants to walk out behind his casket alone. "I walked in with you alone, I\'m walking out with you alone," she told him. Danny said that he hadn\'t come to terms with dying and leaving his wife.  "I want to come to terms with being sure that you understand that my love for you up to this point was as much as it could be and it\'ll be as much as it could be for eternity," Danny said. "I always said, \'The only thing I have to give you was a poor gift and it\'s myself.\' And I always gave it. And if there\'s a way to come back and give it, I\'ll do that too." The same day the story aired in 2006, Danny had died. Soon, Annie received thousands of condolence letters from listeners. She read one letter every day. That was until she died on Aug. 14 of COVID-19. She was 79. Now, her family is asking listeners to get vaccinated in her memory.  "In my mind and my heart there has never been, there is not now and never will be another Annie," Danny said. Audio produced for Morning Edition by Michael Garofalo with Sarah Kramer. NPR\'s Dalia Faheid adapted it for the web.  StoryCorps is a national nonprofit that gives people the chance to interview friends and loved ones about their lives. These conversations are archived at the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress, allowing participants to leave a legacy for future generations. Learn more, including how to interview someone in your life, at StoryCorps.org.'] should be similar to ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "'I'm Walking Out With You Alone': A StoryCorps Love Story"]

What's better than looking cool and having cool clothes to wear? How about cool poetry? MTV has named John Ashbery its Poet Laureate. "Excerpts of his poems will appear in 18 short promotional spots -- like commercials for verse -- on the channel and its Web site." Stephen K. Friedman, the general manager of mtvU (subsidiary for college campuses) to the NYT:  I don't think there's such a big leap from the artists we're playing to the poetry that John is creating," Mr. Friedman said. "Some of the music we play, Bright Eyes and the Decemberists, they're phenomenal poets. I feel like there's a connection there.  Ashbery is great, of course, but unless Kurt Loder is reading the poems -- and it's 1994 -- this concept makes me want to barf. At the very least, MTV could have picked someone younger than eighty. How about a flarfist?

BOOTS is the most interesting new artist I've heard in 2015. You may have first encountered him writing and producing songs on Beyoncé's self-titled 2013 album. Earlier this year we premiered BOOTS' self-directed engaging short film/music video Motorcycle Jesus, complete with five brand new songs: his own songs. I just recently heard his new album Aquaria,  and his mix of sounds, ranging from Bowie to Reznor to hip-hop was so original that I felt compelled to talk with him. So: Meet Jordy Asher, a.k.a. BOOTS, and come discover some of what makes his debut album, Aquaria,  co-produced by El-P (Run the Jewels) and Carla Azar (Autolux) my most anticipated new artist release for 2015. You can hear some of that music in the interview on this page. It is heavily rhythm-based, sometimes spare, mostly muscular. It feels complex, but as I learned, Jordy Asher has strict rules governing how sounds come and go in the mix. He also shares stories that are chilling and revealing, including a life changing experience of having a young man pushed onto the New York Subway tracks die in his arms.  BOOTS on using infinite possibilities to create spare sounds:  I am meticulous, and I am detail-oriented, and I hear every single sound all at once. And believe it or not, at any time during the record there's only three things sonically ever happening. If something new is introduced, something else takes its place, or leaves. If there's a guitar playing, then it's a guitar, drums and bass, or a synth or something; if a new instrument comes in, then one of those three will drop out. One of those three will no longer be there, but you never felt it happen ... Vocals are the fourth, and that's my exception to the rule.  On the power of bass:  The race for bass now is very real, and people want to have the best-sounding bass, they want to figure out new ways to get past the limitations that we have. That's always been the case, where Paul McCartney wanted to make The Beatles' bass sound like Motown bass, and he would get upset because back then, on a record, if it's too much bass the needle would jump out of the groove, and he would say, 'But Motown has three times as loud a bass as we do ... why is it still jumping out of the groove?" In some ways the future is to get that bass in a way that you haven't heard it before .... It's tough because the louder your bass gets, everything around it shrinks, and will sound tiny and small. The challenge is making sure you can feel it, because that's what bass does the best ... that's why bass can go across every single different kind of music and appeal to every single different kind of person in some way. It's one of the sonic signals you can feel in your body.  On made-up words: I make up a lot of words on this record. My favorite, in "Cure," is millionsis .... "Millions" is a foreign concept for me, and for a lot of other people, so why not make it sound ridiculous.  On how seeing a young man die on the subway tracks changed his life:  I felt like a cloud or a fog in front of my eyes kinda got lifted when I saw that happen. He didn't wake up that day thinking that that was gonna happen. He didn't wake up expecting that to happen, and above all, he didn't deserve it. He wasn't the one who started the fight. It was a racist person that started calling him names on the other train, and started a fight with him .... I remember that a lot of things that I thought were important stopped mattering to me. The focus was that we have such limited time, and no one ever knows anything for certain. Doesn't matter how great you are as a person or how kind you are as a person, it didn't stop something terrible from happening to him. I felt like I had to memorialize him in some way; I had to love him in some way. If people didn't walk by, and they didn't see it and they weren't there, it can disappear, and it won't ever disappear from my mind, so I felt like I wanted to respect him in that way.  On the two halves of Aquaria:  The first half, I needed it to feel like you're bashing yourself against the walls, and after a while, you have to look out and see what else is out there, and whether or not you're gonna create your own future, you're gonna create your own world. That's what Aquaria is to me, is a time to create our own... to take that into our hands and create something new and something positive out of it. [The title track — right in the middle of the album] is a party track, it's my version of "We Will Rock You." I wanted a beat that everyone could bang on a table ... I wanted something that was a celebration in the idea of us taking our world back.


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Question: Home Mortgage Refinancing

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-- Host Bob Edwards talks with Nancy Lloyd, editor-at-large of Kiplinger's Personal Finance magazine, who warns against rushing into refinancing home mortgages. She says rates may look good, but first add up the numbers and consider all options. If it still looks good, she says it's worth negotiating as banks are competing to get the business.

Stories: 1) Did U.S. Tax Policies Increase Economic Inequality? 2) A Quaint, Compelling 'Pilgrim' Tale In The New World


Question: Don't Mess With A Cocktail Waitress

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Ok, so the title of this post is a bit misleading. I have been a waiter, but it was at a Mexican restaurant that was destined to fail. For the true, former in-house server of cocktails, you can turn to my colleague Barrie Hardymon. In any case, I do empathize with the servers who have to deal with the Assumers... the Ice Queens (and Kings)... and, of course, Harry Houdinis while balancing martinis and gin and tonics on a tray. And I certainly can't take credit for these catchy titles for rabble rousers in the local bars across the land. Sarah Venture, a cocktail waitress at a music venue/bar in Phoenix meticulously recorded notes on her subjects, er, customers, and compiled a priceless list of the cast of characters she meets on a nightly basis. She came up with nineteen interesting types of people, but I'll share a few right now:  Tricky McPlastic: When asked whether he'll be paying with cash, this customer says yes. But when I come back with a tray full of drinks, the customer will hand me a credit card and say, "Is this okay?" Well, it would have been okay if you had told me five minutes ago. Now, it's actually a huge pain in the ass. You may not know this, but I already paid the bar -- in cash -- for your drink. See, I'm allotted money at the beginning of the night with which I buy drinks from the bar, getting reimbursed by you. But I can't tell you that because then I look like the difficult one. You just wasted five minutes of my life, a**hole.   Ms. Mute: When someone -- even a lowly waitress! -- looks at you and asks you a question, the polite thing to do is answer. Sometimes, when a waitress asks a couple whether they want a drink, one person (usually the woman) won't answer. Not only will Ms. Mute not answer, she won't even look her waitress in the eye. Ms. Mute will usually tell the person she's with what she wants to drink. That person (usually the boyfriend or husband) will relay the information to the waitress. The worst? When there's a factual question to be answered by the waitress.   Waitress: Hi, there! Can I get you two anything to drink?   Woman (to man): Do they have margaritas?   Man (to waitress): Do you have margaritas?   Waitress: Yes.   Woman (to man): I'll have a margarita then.   Man (to waitress): She'll have a margarita.   Annoyed waitress (to Woman): Do you want salt on it?   Woman (without making eye contact) nods without saying anything.   I've actually had similar exchanges. On multiple occasions. Despite the bad rep that waitresses get, we're not all like the ones who wait on George Clooney or Tiger Woods. We're not checking out your guy. We're not flirting with him. We're just trying to do our job and be friendly. Sometimes that requires smiling. So sorry.  Click here for the rest... Grabby Paws.

Stories: 1) Anita O'Day: Revisiting A Classic Voice 2) Harvey Kurtzman: The Comics World's 'Mad Genius' 3) Zooey Deschanel, From Actress To Indie Rocker 4) Foul Mouths And A Penetrating Farce In 'The Loop'


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Question: Death Toll Continues To Rise In Devastating German Floods

Dozens of people are dead and dozens more are missing in Western Europe after heavy flooding swept away homes and cars and turned streams into raging rivers.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Death For 4 Men Convicted In Indian Gang Rape And Murder. -- As Talks Continue, CIA Gets Some Weapons To Syrian Rebels. And here are more early headlines: Taliban Militants Attack U.S. Consulate In Afghanistan. (USA Today) Thousands Evacuated From Boulder Area After Historic Flooding. (Boulder Daily Camera) Devastating Fire Destroys Jersey Area Newly Rebuilt After Superstorm Sandy. (Star-Ledger) Deadly Fire Breaks Out In Russian Psychiatric Facility. (Ria Novosti) Dung Beetle Navigation, Other Quirky Science Honored At Ig Nobel Ceremony. (The Guardian)


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

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What better way to follow one of the most exciting days in recent baseball history than with a completely uninteresting ScuttleButton puzzle. It's funny how things happen like that. Every Wednesday on this site I put up a  vertical display of buttons.  Your job, other than to send me your  Social Security and  bank account numbers, is to simply take one word  (or   concept)  per  button, add 'em up, and,     hopefully, you will  arrive at a   famous   name or a familiar expression. (And       seriously, by familiar, I mean it's something   that      more than one      person  on Earth would recognize.) For   years, a   correct   answer chosen at   random would get his or her  name  posted in this   column, an incredible honor in itself.  Now the stakes are  even  higher.  Thanks  to the efforts of the folks at Talk of the Nation, that person also  hears their name mentioned on the Wednesday show and receives a Political Junkie t-shirt in the bargain.  Is this a great country or what? You can't  use the   comments box at the bottom  of  the page    for your answer.  Send   submission (plus your   name and   city/state — you   won't   win without that) to  politicaljunkie@npr.org. And,         by adding your name to    the Political                  Junkie mailing list,   you  will be among the first on your  block to      receive notice       about the column and the puzzle.  Sign up  at politicaljunkie@npr.org.          Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new        Junkie   post goes up by clicking here. Good                           luck! By   the way, I      usually reveal the answer — and announce the winner —   on   Wednesday's Junkie segment on TOTN.  So you should get your answer   in by   Tuesday. Here's the answer to last week's puzzle: Re-Elect (on a green button) — This is for Bill Green, a Republican congressman from Manhattan who won another term in 1984. Exon U.S. Senate '84 — Jim Exon, a Nebraska Democrat and a former governor, won a second Senate term that year. Ham's My Man — Rep. Hamilton Fish Jr. of New York, a Republican who served from 1969 until he retired after 1996. So, when you combine green + Exon + Ham, you kinda get ... Green Eggs & Ham — a 1960 book from Dr. Seuss.  I do not like Easy ScuttleButton puzzles, Lazy I am.  And the winner, chosen completely at random, am ... Michelle Hals of Minneapolis, Minn.  Michelle wins a TOTN t-shirt.

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: It's a Bird! It's A Plane! It's Amazon!; The Holy Doorman; Father Stealthmas.


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Question: Sedaris and Crumpet the Elf: A Holiday Tradition

The life of David Sedaris took an unexpected, and not entirely unwelcome, turn when his "Santaland Diaries" were first broadcast on Morning Edition in 1992. Sedaris recounted his experiences playing Crumpet the elf at Macy's in New York during the holidays. Almost overnight, he went from obscurity to sought-after talent. Now, 13 years later, he is a best-selling author who still appears on public radio from time-to-time. And in those intervening years, the popularity of his original NPR appearance has only grown. So, here, once again, is Sedaris reading in 1992 from his "Santaland Diaries."

Stories: 1) Leonard Cohen: Zen And The Art Of Songwriting 2) 'Adventureland': A Carnivalesque Comedy


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

We look at the origins of three new media giants: Before they ruled the world, they were grad students; The very long road to very short messages; and Turning nerds with webcams into stars (who are still nerds with webcams).

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: U.S., German Scientists Share Physics Nobel Prize

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Alex Chadwick speaks with NPR science correspondent Joe Palca about the American and German scientists who will share this year's Nobel Prize for physics. They won the prestigious award for their work developing laser technology.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Aung San Suu Kyi's Party Wins Majority In Myanmar's Historic Election. -- Kurds Declare Victory In Taking Sinjar From ISIS. -- Refugee Children Detained On Tiny Island Of Nauru Reach Out Via Facebook.  And here are more early headlines: Producer Prices Decline In October. (CNBC) Historically Black University, Howard, Receives Death Threats. (Time) U.N. Security Council Calls For Dialogue In Burundi. (U.N. News Centre) Del Paso Wins Cervantes Prize, Spanish Literature's Highest Prize. (AP) Government Funds Monarch Butterfly Habitat Project. (Minnesota Public Radio)


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Question: Later This Hour We'll Hear

Later this hour we'll hear a review of a new recording of music by dissident--but not dissonant--Ukrainian composer Dmitri Klebanov (duh-MEE-tree kleh-BAH-nawf) featuring versatile violinist and violist Mela Tenenbaum (MAY-lah TEN-ehn-baum). Here's Tenenbaum the violinist performing movement six from the Partita No. 1 in B minor, S. 1002, by J.S. Bach. (ESS.A.Y CD 1049)

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Stories: 1) Peter Sagal, Exploring 'Vice' So We Don't Have To 2) A Chorus of Movie Musicals Reprised on DVD


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Question: Yet Another Way to Pamper Your Pooch

My favorite summer job when I was in college was working as a Good Humor ice cream man. I lived in New York City, where ice cream was sold from a pushcart rather than a truck. Every day I'd go to the Good Humor headquarters on the Lower East Side and fill up my cart with an assortment of Toasted Almonds, Chocolate Eclairs and Strawberry Shortcake. To say it was a picaresque neighborhood would be putting it mildly. The Hell's Angels motorcycle gang had their Manhattan home on the very same street. So from time to time, a few really enormous guys in cut off leather jackets would wander in for a frosty summer treat. Or two. Or more. Naturally, I was always very happy to oblige. Then I'd wheel out my cart through the streets of Manhattan to an assigned corner where I'd hawk ice cream for the day.   I was reminded of all this today when I read a story about Good Humor's deal with pet food producer Pedigree. Together, they're going to make -- no joke -- ice cream sandwiches for dogs. I wonder what the Hell's Angels would say.

Minimum Wage, Good News / Bad News, Real Bears vs. Real Colts, Space Diaries, Last Chance for Oysters, Life of a Dealer


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Question: Op-Ed: Emancipation Proclamation A 'Huge' Risk

In The New York Times, history professor Richard Striner disagrees that too much emphasis has been placed on the Emancipation Proclamation. Rather, he argues, "the truth is that Lincoln's proclamation was ... a huge gamble by a leader who sought to be — and who became — America's great liberator."

Stories: 1) Overloaded Sewers Lead To 'Toxic Waters' 2) A Cross-Cultural Collaboration, Revisited


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Question: Supreme Court Blocks Climate Change Lawsuit

The U.S. Supreme Court has rejected a global warming lawsuit brought by Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, Iowa and California against five major power companies. The case is being called the court's most important environmental ruling in years.

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"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'NPR\'s John Hamilton reports on the smaller, lighter and more efficient "forward surgical units" that have replaced the famous MASH units of earlier wars.']" == "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Army Using More Efficient Medical Teams']"

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Boeing Chooses New CEO, Seeking Stability

Boeing names James McNerny as the aerospace company's new CEO. McNerny has been the chairman and CEO of 3M. He earlier ran General Electric's jet engine unit and has served on the Boeing board since 2001. Boeing is tapping an outsider with aviation experience to help repair the company's reputation in the wake of a series of scandals.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Acting FBI Boss To Take Comey's Place At Senate Intel Hearing. -- Workers Take Jefferson Davis Statue Off Its Pedestal In New Orleans. -- Ex-Massey Energy CEO Completes 1-Year Federal Criminal Sentence. -- Dissident Rebels In Colombia Ignore Peace Treaty And Continue Extortion. And here are more early headlines: Tillerson Joins Arctic Nations Officials Meeting In Alaska. (AP) Montana Glaciers Shrinking At Tremendous Rate. (USGS) Venzuelan Protesters Fling Feces At Government Forces. (Washington Post) Energy Department To Study Tunnel Cave-In At Nuclear Waste Site. (NBC) VA Chief Says More Time Needed To End Veteran Homelessness. (AP) Boeing Halts New Plane Delivery To Test Potential Engine Problem. (Seattle Times)


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Question: Commentary: A Democratic Iraq

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', 'Episcopalians in the Fresno-based Diocese of San Joaquin decide Saturday whether to sever ties with their national denomination and align themselves with an Anglican branch overseas. A vote in favor of a split may lead San Joaquin to become the first diocese in the nation to completely secede from the U.S. church.']" == "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'A Church Divided Over Gay Clergy: Report']"

NPR senior news analyst Daniel Schorr says the future of democracy in a liberated Iraq is uncertain.

Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: A Fearsome Foursome; A Coke or Pepsi Debate; Peter Parker's Broadway Debut.


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Question: In 'Go Ahead In The Rain,' The Love For A Tribe Called Quest Is Infectious

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Like any good origin story, poet and critic Hanif Abdurraqib's Go Ahead in the Rain: Notes to a Tribe Called Quest begins in the beginning: "In the beginning, somewhere south of anywhere I come from, lips pressed the edge of a horn.... In the beginning before the beginning, there were drums, and hymns, and a people carried here." Abdurraqib unspools history from here, carrying the reader through centuries of African-American music-making in a capacious few pages that end with the 1990 release of A Tribe Called Quest's first album, People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm. Go Ahead in the Rain is at once an extended critical essay, a hip-hop history, and a series of love letters to A Tribe Called Quest, and particularly to the group's two star MCs, Q-Tip and Phife Dawg. In his two previous books, The Crown Ain't Worth Much and They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Us, Abdurraqib demonstrated his expertise at compressing massive emotions into minimal space. Here, he takes that skill up yet another notch. He has a seemingly limitless capacity to share what moves him, which means that to read Go Ahead in the Rain, you don't need to be a Tribe Called Quest fan: Abdurraqib will make you one. His love for the group is infectious, even when it breaks his heart. The story of A Tribe Called Quest is, from a certain vantage, heartbreaking. From most, it's mythic. Childhood friends Q-Tip and Phife Dawg began rapping as high schoolers in Queens, using music "as a bridge to each other." By the time they were 25, they had become one of hip-hop's greatest groups. They rooted their sound in jazz like few rappers before them, creating a sound that both honored and transformed the past. They were crucial members of the Afrocentric hip-hop collective Native Tongues, and Q-Tip and producer Ali Shaheed Muhammad became two-thirds of The Ummah, a production collective that made songs for Janet Jackson, Whitney Houston, and many more. Meanwhile, their own albums made them undisputed stars. But Q-Tip overshadowed Phife Dawg, and tensions between the two rose until 1999, when A Tribe Called Quest released their fifth album and then broke up. When the group reunited in 2016, Phife Dawg was suffering from the diabetes that had long plagued him — on Midnight Marauders, Tribe's third album, he rapped, "When's the last time you heard a funky diabetic?" — and before A Tribe Called Quest's final album came out, Phife was dead. Abdurraqib does not shy from his sadness over the group's breakup or Phife Dawg's death, but Go Ahead in the Rain is not a sad book. Instead, it's steeped in gratitude and joy. Abdurraqib celebrates Tribe's invocation of jazz, their "rap music for our parents and theirs [that] left the door open wide enough for anyone to sneak through." He weaves his own memories of A Tribe Called Quest with the group's history, imbuing music history with empathy and locating his past self in music history. A particular standout on that front is the third chapter, in which Abdurraqib moves smoothly from his own teenage friendships to how he imagines it felt to be in Native Tongues. "The thing about Native Tongues," he concludes, "is that they were like my crew, or potentially your crew. They were uncool enough to define a new type of cool on their own terms... The Native Tongues briefly built a world in which they knew themselves as each other's people." Potentially your crew is the key to that passage, and to Abdurraqib's critical approach. Without fail or hesitation, he invites the reader into the text. Even his deepest dives into history and technique have a come-with-me spirit. Take his chapter on production, which he roots equally in technique and philosophy. When A Tribe Called Quest emerged, hip-hop beats were made through the painstaking process of sampling other songs' rhythms and riffs. In Black Noise, her seminal study of rap music, Tricia Rose used Tribe to demonstrate the power of sampling: "A Tribe Called Quest's 'Verses from the Abstract' features Ron Carter on bass but the hip hop drum lines completely recontextualize Carter's jazz sound." To Abdurraqib, Tribe's production did more than recontextualize. He calls it "the art of resurrection," and he admires it with all his huge heart. In a letter to Q-Tip, he writes, "I love the sample as you love the sample, Tip — for how it can be extracted from the past and stretched over a sound reaching for the future." You don't need to be a Tribe Called Quest fan to read Go Ahead in the Rain, and I envy the reader who comes to their music through Abdurraqib's prose, but this is not (or not only) a book for beginners. I have been listening to A Tribe Called Quest my whole musically conscious life, and yet Go Ahead in the Rain made their records sound new. Listening to People's Instinctive Travels now, I hear the introduction to "After Hours" as a warm cavern of sound. The first bars of "Push It Along" glitter like geodes. This comes from deepened knowledge and understandi

Stories: 1) 'Inside' A Backup Singer's Journey To Center Stage 2) The Lyrics And Legacy Of Stephen Foster 3) A Rich Satire About Street Art, Or Is It A Hoax?


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Question: New Look For Cigarettes? FDA Proposes Graphic Warnings On Packages And Ads

For years, American smokers have been spared the unpleasant images of gangrene infected feet, swollen tongues overtaken by cancerous tumors and blackened lungs that are often plastered onto packs of cigarettes sold around the world. But that momentary reprieve before lighting up may only last a few more years.  The Food and Drug Administration on Thursday rolled out a proposed rule to require tobacco companies to include graphic warnings on cigarette packages and tobacco ads with the aim of promoting "greater public understanding of the negative health consequences of smoking," the agency said in a statement.  The photo-realistic images and detailed health risk warnings, which would replace the standard Surgeon General's warnings, were mandated under a 2009 law that requires the agency to include new warning labels about smoking's negative health effects. But the tobacco industry successfully blocked the FDA's rule intended to require such labeling in court. They won a lawsuit that claimed the proposed labels were scare tactics. In the end, a federal court determined that the agency's rule violated the First Amendment.  This time around, however, acting FDA commissioner Ned Sharpless told reporters that the 13 warnings the agency plans to plaster on cigarette packs, hew close to the factual dangers of smoking.  "While most people assume, in this day and age, that the harms of smoking are pretty well understood by the public, this is not true," Sharpless said, adding that the existing warning from the Surgeon General that is currently on cigarette packaging has "become virtually invisible" to smokers.  To combat that, the new proposed warnings highlight lesser-known health issues such as blindness, impotence and diabetes, which many people don't realize can be caused by cigarette smoking.  "With these new proposed cigarette health warnings, we have an enormous public health opportunity to fulfill our statutory mandate and increase the public's understanding of the full scope of serious negative health consequences of cigarette smoking," Sharpless added in a written statement.  "Given that tobacco use is still the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the U.S., there's a lot at stake to ensure the public understands these risks."  Erika Sward, assistant vice president of national advocacy for the American Lung Association, told NPR's Richard Harris, the warnings are "critically needed and long overdue."   The organization sued the FDA to compel it to produce warning labels after the agency's first efforts failed.  In an emailed statement, the ALA cited research showing that graphic warnings are "effective in preventing children from starting to smoke, and motivating current smokers to quit for good."  Meanwhile, tobacco companies say they are reviewing the FDA's proposed rule.  "We firmly support public awareness of the harms of smoking cigarettes, but the manner in which those messages are delivered to the public cannot run afoul of the First Amendment protections that apply to all speakers, including cigarette manufacturers," Kaelan Hollon, a spokeswoman for Reynolds American Inc., the parent company of R.J. Reynolds, said in an emailed statement.  "[It] is important for FDA to focus on providing information that can produce health benefits for the public, not merely reiterating well-known messages that smoking is dangerous, which the public already understands," Hollon added.    Meanwhile, advocates are bracing for more legal challenges to the labeling requirements, which would mark the first update in 35 years to required warnings on cigarette packaging and in tobacco advertising. The earliest they could show up in stores and on billboards is the summer of 2021.

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Good Thursday morning, here are our early stories: In Israel And Gaza Strip: More Explosions, Deaths On Both Sides. BP Expected To Plead Guilty, Pay Record Fine In Gulf Oil Spill Criminal Case. And here are more headlines: Gen. Petraeus Agrees To Testify Before Congress On Benghazi Attack. (Los Angeles Times) Home Foreclosures Up In Oct., But Fall From Last Year's Level. (Reuters) Eurozone Countries Plunge Back Into Recession. (BBC) Ill Indian Woman Denied Abortion In Ireland, Dies. (AFP) Colorado Theater Shooting Suspect In Hospital After Ramming Head Into Jail Wall. (Denver Post) States Face Friday Deadline On Whether To Run Health Insurance Exchanges. (McClatchy Newspapers) Ecuador To Kill Millions Of Rats To Preserve Galapagos Islands Rare Species. (AP) World's Biggest Liar Contest Coming In England: Politicians, Lawyers Not Allowed. (AP)


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Question: Nanotechnology Research and Development

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Guest: Irfan Ahmad, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at the University of Illinois; Mark A. Shannon, Director of the Center of Advanced Materials for Purification of Water With Systems Center; Dietram A. Scheufele, Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Life Sciences Communication at the University of Wisconsin

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


Question: Stories off the sidewalk

For several years, StoryCorps booths have allowed ordinary people relate their own stories to be preserved in a huge and growing collection in the Library of Congress.

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Old rockers come back for more wild times on the grapevine.


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Question: 'Girls & Sex' And The Importance Of Talking To Young Women About Pleasure

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Author Peggy Orenstein says that when it comes to adolescent sexuality, the subject of girls' pleasure is often left unspoken. Originally broadcast March 29, 2016.

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


Question: U.S. Senators Seek Sanctions Against Honduran President

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['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize-winning biologist Wangari Matthai. (pre-recorded)'] == ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth.', 'Nobel Peace Prize Winner Wangari Matthai']

Democratic senators are seeking sanctions against Honduras' president for alleged human rights abuses and corruption, and looking to suspend U.S. security assistance to Honduran security forces.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- McCain Takes Swipe At President For Vietnam 'Bone Spur' Deferment. -- Director James Toubek Accused Of Harassment By Dozens Of Women. -- AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka Wins A Third 4-Year Term. -- Digging In The Mud To See What Toxic Substances Were Spread By Hurricane Harvey. -- David Letterman Honored With Twain Award For American Comedy.  And here are more early headlines: Schumer Seeks "CEO" For Disaster Recovery In Puerto Rico. (The Hill) Sgt. Bergdahl's Sentencing Hearing Opens Today. (CNN) Vietnam Veteran Who Saved Dozens To Receive Medal Of Honor. (ABC) Catalan Officials To Resist Spanish Government Takeover. (BBC) After Criticism, W.H.O. Rescinds Zimbabwe Leader's Appointment. (Washington Post) Philippines Says Assault On Marawi Militants Is Over. (Reuters) India's Government Tells Myanmar To Take Back Rohingyas. (AP)


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Question: Credit Unions Seek Payday Loan Consumers

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A growing number of the nation's 9,000 credit unions are hoping to steer consumers strapped for cash away from costly payday loans by offering less expensive alternatives. There are about 24,000 payday loan stores in the United States and last year, about 19 million people used one, industry spokeswoman Lyndsey Medsker says.  Medzker says the bulk of those customers are satisfied. The process just takes a few minutes, including a quick check of a person's bank account and pay stub. But 32-year-old Felisha Wilbourne says payday loans aren't worth it. She went to an outlet a few years ago when she was falling behind on her bills. "They gave me $200, but I had to pay $275 back in the next pay period in two weeks," she says. "That still left me in the hole, because once you give up that check you have to wait a two weeks for another check." Now Wilbourne uses Northside Community Federal Credit Union in Chicago. It's one of many credit unions offering payday loan alternatives. Ed Jacob, Northside's director, says the credit union decided to offer an alternative after noticing that some members had taken out payday loans with interest rates over 600 percent. Northside offers a $500 loan that can be paid back over six months, Jacob says.   For its part, the payday loan industry argues that bounced-check fees of mainstream lenders or credit-card late fees can be even more pricey than the interest on payday loans, if those costs are computed on an annual basis. Leslie Parish, a researcher for the Center for Responsible Lending — which tracks lending practices — says that credit unions are making a good effort but they are no panacea. "There are some credit union products out there where they lowered the interest rate," Parish says. "They still make the loan due in two short weeks, which causes people to continually take out loans just like they did with the payday lender." Many credit unions are taking steps to refine their products. Payday lenders say they welcome the competition but add credit unions are offering small loans at margins that will make them unsustainable.  Jacob says credit unions have to see a bigger picture — one in which people who need a small payday loan today may turn into mortgage-loan customers in a couple of years.    It's an idea that more credit unions are beginning to embrace as they offer alternatives to people who need some financial help making ends meet. STEVE INSKEEP, Host:  Here's an effort to help people who always face a credit crunch. Long before the mortgage crisis caused widespread credit anxiety, many Americans were having to borrow against their next paycheck, often at extremely high interest rates. Now, a growing number of credit unions hopes to steer consumers who are strapped for cash away from payday loans by offering less expensive alternatives. NPR's Cheryl Corley reports. CHERYL CORLEY: Here's the latest observation about payday loan stores making the rounds in the financial community: They are easier to find than a McDonald's or a Starbucks. Lindsey Medsker, an industry spokeswoman, says there are about 24,000 payday loan stores. And last year, about 19 million people went to one to get cash quickly, typically about $300 with a $15 fee for every 100 bucks. LINDSEY MEDSKER: When people are facing the reality of having to pay something today but they don't get paid for a couple of weeks, they're looking at what exactly is it going to cost them. What's the cost of the product? And they're making an educated rational choice when they're choosing a payday loan. CORLEY: Medsker says the bulk of those customers are satisfied. The process just takes a few minutes, including a quick check of a person's bank account and pay stub. But 32-year-old Felisha Wilbourne says payday loans aren't worth it. She went to an outlet a few years ago when she was falling behind on her bills. FELICIA WILBOURNE: They gave me that maybe $200, but I had to pay like $275 back the next pay period in two weeks. So that still left me in the hole, because once you give up that check, you don't want - you still have to wait another two weeks for another check. CORLEY: For some customers, it meant rolling over their loans for a second or third time, sending them deeper into debt and prompting activists and state officials to push for restrictions, including limits on rollovers and caps on loan fees. Now a growing number of the country's 9,000 credit unions are offering payday loan alternatives. Unidentified Woman: Hey, Felisha. (unintelligible) CORLEY: At the North Side Community Federal Credit Union in Chicago, the chief teller greets customers by their first names. It's where Felisha Wilbourne conducts her financial business now. The credit union's director, Ed Jacob, says after noticing members had payday loans with interest fees over 600 percent, the credit union began offering an alternative. ED JACOB: It's a $500 loan. It's at 16.5 percent, and it's pay back in six months. CORLEY: For its part, th


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Question: Reporter Taken for a Ride

Mike Pesca has a piece on Day to Day today about how Consumer Reports tests new vehicles. He sent this dispatch. The Consumer Reports test site in rural Connecticut is built on an old drag strip; the tower still stands and someone has even erected a sign in front of it that says "historic district" -- a little auto-tester humor. At a glance, the facility seems exactly like an old drag strip, albeit one that's abutted by a paved circle reminiscent of the Consumer Reports logo. Like a lower-case "b." The strip looks a little run-down.  One stretch of pavement is discolored because it is a little extra slippery (has a different coefficient of friction) as compared to the stretch next to it.  Steer a car's right wheels on one patch and left wheels on the other and slam on the brakes.  So many promises of anti-lock braking are shattered that way.   There's also a marshy area near the track that's a specially designed four-wheel-drive testing ground. It was in that marshy area that an interesting problem arose.  The day before I visited, auto testing department director David Champion, my guide at the test site, was driving a $40,000+ four-wheel-drive vehicle when it apparently sucked in some water, and the engine caught on fire.  Champion says it's the first time that anything like that has happened to him in his years in the business, nine at Consumer Reports and before that, as an engineer with Nissan and Land Rover. The vehicle now sits in the shop with engineers stripping it down to try to determine whether it was a design flaw, a one of a kind fluke or what. There was clearly a piece loose in the grill, which rattled around when I touched it. Was this the cause or result of the accident? Consumer Reports will do a thorough investigation to see if the fault lies not with their cars, but with themselves.  They have to be extra careful in their determination, because they know a damning finding could really ruin a car's reputation.  But they also know that if there is a real problem, the public must know.   Though the auto issue doesn't come out until March, if a car is really dangerous they will hold a press conference as soon as they have their findings solidly nailed down.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: New documentary examines the Darfur saga

The subject of a new film on the genocide in Darfur talks about his work to keep the world's attention on the continuing violence in Sudan.

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To give you a sense - "['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'The Terminator\'s killer robots may seem like a thing of science fiction. But leading scientists and tech innovators have signaled that such autonomous killers could materialize in the real world in frighteningly real ways. During the annual International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Stockholm on Wednesday, some of the world\'s top scientific minds came together to sign a pledge that calls for "laws against lethal autonomous weapons."  "... we the undersigned agree that the decision to take a human life should never be delegated to a machine," the pledge says. It goes on to say, "... we will neither participate in nor support the development, manufacture, trade, or use of lethal autonomous weapons." The moniker "autonomous weapons" doesn\'t draw the same fear or wonder as a killer robot, but weapons that can function without human oversight are a real concern. In the pledge introduced by the Future of Life Institute, signees agree that AI developments can contribute to future danger. Those backing the pledge include SpaceX and Tesla founder Elon Musk and Google DeepMind co-founders Demis Hassabis, Shane Legg and Mustafa Suleyman. They are among more than 170 organizations and 2,400 individuals to take such a stance, according to the document. "There is a moral component to this position, that we should not allow machines to make life-taking decisions for which others – or nobody – will be culpable," the pledge states. "There is also a powerful pragmatic argument: lethal autonomous weapons, selecting and engaging targets without human intervention, would be dangerously destabilizing for every country and individual."  The position of the pledge is ultimately to encourage global governments to take legal action to ban any possibility of future destruction. "Stigmatizing and preventing such an arms race should be a high priority for national and global security," the pledge states. This isn\'t the first time AI leaders have expressed doubts. Last August, corporate tech leaders wrote an open letter to the United Nations warning of an arms race in these weapons.   Such weapons, the letter said, "threaten to become the third revolution in warfare. Once developed, they will permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend." Musk also signed that letter and he spoke on his strong beliefs concerning the inevitable dangers associated with AI. He urged U.S. governors to be proactive. "Once there is awareness, people will be extremely afraid. As they should be," he said in July 2017. But not everyone agrees with Musk dire view. In an interview with NPR, Rep. Pete Olsen, R-Texas, expressed his optimism for the future of AI. "These are machines that are learning over time from activities they\'ve done," Olsen said. "They become sort of intelligent through that learning. This is the great value, great tremendous benefit for our country."']" should be close to "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'AI Innovators Take Pledge Against Autonomous Killer Weapons']"

Hear how listeners and readers of the blog reacted to recent conversations about the fate of jazz, racial profiling and the upcoming Olympic games in Beijing.


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Question: Legislative Session 2008 Wrap-Up

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This week on "Noon Edition," we'll review the 2008 session of the Indiana state legislature with two members of the Indiana General Assembly, State Representative Milo Smith and State Senator Vi Simpson.

Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 872 2) Latino USA Episode 873 3) Latino USA Episode 874


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Question: Nobel Peace Prize Winner Wangari Matthai

A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize-winning biologist Wangari Matthai. (pre-recorded)

Stories: 1) Veteran Peacemakers O'Malley, Maharaj on Iraq 2) Nuala O'Faolain, Journalist and Author, Dead at 68


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Question: Obama Walks Tricky Line In Visit To Hiroshima, Japan

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The White House says President Obama will not apologize for the U.S. nuclear bombing of Hiroshima when he visits the Japanese city on Friday. NPR looks at the political significance of the visit and the tricky line Obama will have to walk.

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Good morning, here are some of the stories we're following this morning: Live: SpaceX Capsule Heads Home. Bloomberg Aims To Take Gulp Out Of Sugary Drinks With Ban On Big Ones. Youngest Speller Is Out Of The Bee, Tripped Up By 'Ingluvies'. Ireland Votes On European Fiscal Treaty. (Irish Times) Activists Say Syrian Troops Shell Site Of Last Week's Massacre In Houla. (AP) Clinton: Action On Syria Requires International Cooperation, Especially From Russia. (AP) It's Day 9 For Jurors Deliberating Edwards Corruption Case. (Los Angeles Times) Two American Tourists Kidnapped In Egypt's Sinai Desert. (BBC) Aung San Suu Kyi Visits Thailand For Economic Forum, Mobbed By Well-Wishers. (Wall Street Journal) Former President George W. Bush Visits White House Today For Portrait Unveiling. (C-SPAN)


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Question: Episode 22: Originals

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Examples:
Provided: "['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr.\n\n\nGiven Ryen Aleman had headphones on and a controller in his hand, playing the popular football video game Madden NFL at a tournament in Jacksonville, Fla., when there were loud pops behind him. Other competitors began bolting out of the room. Something was wrong, he thought. When he realized the jarring sound was gunfire, Aleman told his video game opponent and instructed him to follow his lead. "Let\'s crawl down. Let\'s crawl to the restroom," he said. Moving as fast as they could on their hands and knees, the two entered a stall together, closed the door behind them and stood on the toilet, reasoning that the sight of their feet from under the stall might tip off the gunman. "I was praying. And I was saying, \'Don\'t worry. Stay with me,\' " to his tournament competitor who now suddenly took on a far different role: survival partner. The two were caught in the melee as a gunman stalked through the venue about 1:30 in the afternoon where the gaming tournament was taking place, in the same building as a pizza shop at Jacksonville Landing in the city\'s downtown. David Katz, 24, of Baltimore, opened fire, killing two people and wounding or injuring 11 others before taking his own life, according to police. "I can\'t tell you if we\'re going to stay alive or not, because if he opens this stall, he\'s going to shoot us," Aleman, 25, told his companion. "If he does, this could be our last day." As the two were bracing themselves, a horrific soundtrack filled the cramped bathroom stall. "You could hear people crying," he said. "You could hear people saying, \'I\'m shot,\' you can hear people tripping, trying to leave, scrambling everywhere, running for their lives." After some minutes passed, the gunfire seemed to stop almost as abruptly as it had started. "Let\'s run," Aleman advised his companion. "Let\'s take our chances and go," he said before rushing out. "As I was coming out, I saw three bodies on the floor, unconscious," he said. Leaving the chaos, Aleman hailed a cab and told the driver to take him to the airport, where he caught a flight back to his hometown, Corpus Christi, Texas, where he works as a roofer. "On the plane ride coming back, it just kept rewinding in my head. It was very scary," he said. At a news conference Sunday night, Jacksonville Mayor Lenny Curry told reporters that the shooting was "all too common." "Tonight, we pray for the wounded and we pray for the families of those who were lost," Curry said. A video widely shared of the Madden football game that was being live-streamed on the social media network Twitch shows the game coming to a halt with the message "Controller Disconnected" appearing in a pop-up box. As viewers watched the session from around the country, the frozen screen was backed by audio of gunshots punctuated with screams and profanity. Eventually, someone can be heard saying: "Oh my God" over and over again. Authorities said Sunday that 11 people were injured. Nine of the injured sustained gunshot wounds, but officials say all are expected to survive. Police have not yet announced the identities of the two men who were fatally shot. Officials would also not say whether Katz, the gunman, knew any of the victims. In Baltimore, where Katz lived, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives searched his house and left the premises carrying some objects in a box. Twitch said in a statement that "we are shocked and saddened by the tragedy that took place in Jacksonville," adding: "Twitch and all its staff send our deepest sympathies to the victims, their loved ones, and everyone in our community who\'s grieving." On the website for Electronic Arts, which has sold more than 100 million copies of the Madden series, the company called the incident a "senseless act of violence that we strongly condemn." Meanwhile, Aleman, who had planned to travel to Virginia next week for another Madden competition, is now having reservations about attending. Still shaken up from Sunday, he said he needs time to heal and process the events. While dealing with "gamer rage" — a sore loser reacting with fury — is something gamers openly discuss online, it is usually brief and self-contained, Aleman said. Although authorities have yet to determine a motive for the shooting, Aleman and several other witnesses said Katz had been eliminated in a prior round at the Jacksonville tournament after winning a similar competition in February. "I get mad sometimes. I break my controllers. ... But I am not going to take it out on my opponent," Aleman said. "People get mad, but they don\'t go do what he did." Aleman said he knew the two victims well from playing together with them, but he was not familiar with the shooter. Speculating on a motive, he wonders why someone would want to kill over the outcome of a video game. "I don\'t know what was going through his head," he said. "I just don\'t understand.", a positive would be Jacksonville Shooting Witness Recalls \'People Crying\' And \'Running For Their Lives\'', 'Guest: Irfan Ahmad, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at the University of Illinois; Mark A. Shannon, Director of the Center of Advanced Materials for Purification of Water With Systems Center; Dietram A. Scheufele, Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Life Sciences Communication at the University of Wisconsin']" Match: "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Nanotechnology Research and Development']"

Adam Grant, author of Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World, tells us what makes an original, how parents can nuture originality in their children, and its potential downside. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Stories: 1) Venturing Inside Bellevue's Psychiatric ER 2) Capitalism's Paradoxes, Writ Personal On Film


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Question: NYC Mayor Unveils Ambitious Plan To Combat Mental Health Illnesses

New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio and his wife Chirlane McCray talk to Linda Wertheimer about the initiative. They say the new program is important and personal.

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Good morning, here are the stories we're following today: Anti-U.S. Protests Spread; Attack Against U.S. Embassy In Yemen. (AP) Hints Of Progress In Chicago Teachers' Strike. (AP) Federal Reserve Ends Policy Meeting; Investors Wait For News On Possible Stimulus Action. (Wall Street Journal) Dutch Voters Back Pro-European Prime Minister; Centrist Leader To Form New Government. (Reuters) New U.N. Peace Envoy Arrives In Damascus, Syria. (Voice Of America) Cambodian Special Court Deems Khmer Rouge 'First Lady' Too Sick To Face Genocide Trial. (CNN) New York City Officials To Vote On Plan Reducing Super-Sized Sodas. (NBC New York) New Apple Smartphone Could Become Fastest Selling Tech Device Ever. (Businessweek) Atlantic Tropical Storm Nadine Close To Hurricane Strength, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center) New Species Of Monkey Discovered In Democratic Republic Of Congo. (Telegraph)


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Question: Confused? Anxious? Prickly? Couturiers At Viktor & Rolf Have You Covered

Want to social-distance in style this fall? Couturiers at Viktor & Rolf — known for campy, high-concept looks — are introducing a fall collection they're describing as "three wardrobes for three mindsets in extraordinary times of change." Those three mindsets: Anxiety, Confusion and a hopeful ending with Love. Each mini-collection has three pieces: a nightgown, a dressing gown and a coat — perhaps designed for people who are living in their PJs and just need to toss on a coat to take the trash out? The Anxiety collection "embodies a somber mood: a feeling of sadness and anger, familiar to many these days," say the designers. A flowing dark blue nightgown sprinkled with storm clouds gives way to a black coat, covered in coronavirus-esque spikes. Pop star Mika introduces the collection in a video with a drolly dry narration: "There's a lot to be angry about, and this garment will communicate exactly that. Its striking volume and cone motif will impress and make you feel safe." He goes on to say that the face mask "has won global acclaim as the smartest new accessory of the season." Next up is Confusion, beginning with another nightgown, this time a shrieking peach satin covered with conflicting emoji, a fuzzy dressing gown, one arm piled with asymmetrically confusing giant bows, and another voluminous coat, this one festooned with protruding, glittery tubes. "Its generous A-line guarantees you will remain in your own safe zone while venturing out into the world," says Mika. The designers don't leave us entirely hopeless. The final collection is Love, a group of white garments ornamented with multicolored hearts. "If only we could change ourselves as easily as we do our outfits, who wouldn't choose love?" they ask. "Because love conquers all."

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Stories: 1) Dan Fante: Reliving Addictions One Page At A Time 2) Hot Chip Brings Romance To The Dance Floor 3) Damon and Soderbergh, An Informative Pair 4) Two Movie Islands, One Worth Visiting


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Question: The Marijuana Trade In The Euro's Birthplace

Zoe Chace and Robert Smith are reporting from European borders this week. This is the second story in a four-part series. Maastricht, a town in the Netherlands, is known largely for two things.  The treaty that created the euro was signed there. Marijuana is legal there, and it's sold at "coffee shops" around town.  This is the story of the troubled relationship between those two claims to fame. Read More: "Our money is allowed to go to the Spanish banks, but the Spanish pot smokers are not allowed to come to the Dutch coffee shops." The single currency, along with all the other reforms that make it so easy to cross borders in the Euro Zone, led to an influx of foreign tourists coming to Maastricht to get high. "The name of our city is synonymous with cannabis," Onno Hoes, Maastricht's mayor, says. Hoes is unhappy about this. He says that the people who come to buy marijuana violate traffic laws, litter, and don't spend money anywhere but coffee shops. So he pushed through a bill that made it illegal to sell marijuana to non-Dutch residents. You don't have to show a passport to cross into the Netherlands from another country. But you need a passport to walk into a coffee shop in Maastricht. Not surprisingly, the coffee shop owners, and many of the foreign tourists, are unhappy about the new rules. Today, "maybe 30 or 40 people come into the shop" every day, says Stephan Korsten, who owns a coffee shop. That's down from 1,500 a day before the new rules were put in place. "Maybe I have to change it to a real coffee shop where you can drink coffee and eat some donuts or something," Korsten says. Most of the coffee shops in the city have shut down altogether. "Our money is allowed to go to the Spanish banks," says the owner of another shop. "But the Spanish pot smokers are not allowed to come to the Dutch coffee shops any more." Meanwhile, the illegal market for drugs is gaining popularity. Drug dealers like are selling marijuana again--not only to foreigners, but also Dutch residents who don't want to register at the coffeeshops. Stephan Korsten says it's like in the old days, before the European Union, when his grandparents used to smuggle butter across the border. MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:  This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED, from NPR News. I'm Melissa Block. AUDIE CORNISH, HOST:  And I'm Audie Cornish. The euro currency was supposed to unite Europe - Germans could travel to France without a visa; the Spanish could buy skis in Italy. But the crisis in Europe has made this much clear: Breaking down borders isn't as easy as the dreamers had hoped. This week, NPR's Planet Money team is reporting from the borders that divide Europe. Today's stop: Belgium and Holland, two countries who trade everything, but have drawn the line at one very popular commodity. ZOE CHACE, BYLINE: I'm Zoe Chace. I'm down here on the River Maas, in Maastricht, Netherlands; where people, when they have a little time off - some time to hang out - they like to get high... (SOUNDBITE OF A BREATH) CHACE: ...like this guy. JOON DEFRIES: My name is Joon Defries(ph). Right now, I'm smoking a joint. (LAUGHTER) ROBERT SMITH, BYLINE: You know, Zoe, they like the marijuana on this side of the border, too. I'm Robert Smith, here in Liege, Belgium. And the problem is, it's not legal in Belgium to smoke marijuana. And so on weekends and evenings, Belgians used to stream across the border into Maastricht, looking to get high in the city's coffee shops. MAYOR ONNO HOES: The name of our city is synonym for cannabis. CHACE: Onno Hoes is the mayor of Maastricht. For most people, the city is known as the place the European Union was born. The document that everyone signed 20 years ago, that created the euro - it's called the Maastricht Treaty. But having its name on the founding document had this unexpected consequence. All the news coverage from that time just happened to mention all these coffee shops in the city, where it was legal to buy pot. SMITH: So once everyone had the same money and the borders were open, European dreamers returned to Maastricht, to get high. HOES: But I don't like people who especially come in - who only come in to buy cannabis. CHACE: The mayor says pot smokers don't go to the museums... HOES: There's a lot of traffic problems... CHACE: ...litter. HOES: ...a lot of illegal parking. SMITH: And so last May, the smokers here in Belgium were in for a little surprise when they crossed the border and stopped at the first coffee shop over the bridge, into the city. Here, let me show you. Like most of the cannabis shops here, it has a cool American name. It's called Easy Going. (SOUNDBITE OF KNOCKING) SMITH: There's nobody here. They've pulled the curtains and in four languages, they have the sign up. "Temporarily Closed." CHACE: The mayor of Maastricht had pushed through this new law that said foreigners were no longer allowed to enter the coffee shops. And a bunch of coffee shops closed, in protest. They thought it was ridiculous; you didn't h

Pacific Lumber's Bankruptcy Casts Cloud Over North Coast. End Music.


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Question: Rep. McClintock, R-Sacramento?

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For instance, <<['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "On Friday, FIFA announced the World Cup final draw for next year's event in Russia. So now that the match-ups have been set, who has an easy path to the final, who's in the Group of Death, and who should Americans root for since the U.S. will not be in it?"]>>  to <<['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth.', 'FIFA Announces Final Draw For 2018 World Cup']>>

A little political intrigue for the end of the week, as a newspaper report suggests California¿s most recognizable conservative lawmaker may be considering a run for Congress from Sacramento.
Washington, D.C. based Roll Call reports today that state Sen. Tom McClintock (R-Thousand Oaks) may run for the U.S. House of Representatives seat representing California¿s 4th district. [...]

Are Democrats In Congress Trying To Thwart Calif. Redistricting?  - Brain Researcher Antonio Damasio


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Question: Pakistan's Role In Afghanistan Examined

President Obama said Tuesday success in Afghanistan "was inextricably linked" to Pakistan. Adil Najam, professor of international relations at Boston University and the founding editor of the blog Pakistaniat: All Things Pakistan, says events in Afghanistan have an almost-immediate impact in neighboring Pakistan.In his new Afghanistan strategy, President Obama is counting on an accelerated 18-month surge to reverse the Taliban's momentum and make a dent in the spiraling violence. The most visible portion of the new effort will be the 30,000 additional U.S. troops that will start flowing into Afghanistan in the next few weeks.  But many military experts remain skeptical that the extra soldiers will be enough to change the fundamental dynamics, particularly if Obama sticks to his new July 2011 target for beginning a drawdown. The new deadline is emerging as the most controversial part of Obama's strategy. The president said the timeframe is aimed at creating a sense of urgency in Afghanistan and Pakistan to act more aggressively. But critics worry that it sends the wrong signal to the Taliban and al-Qaida, and to U.S. allies in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Setting a date could allow insurgents to bide their time and take up their offensive after U.S. troops leave. "Anyone who knows Afghanistan says you might be able to make the beginning of a difference there, but once you start telling people you're out of there, it's going to affect people's behavior," says Eliot Cohen, the director of the strategic studies program at Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies. "That actually incentivizes bad behavior. If you think the Americans are headed out of there, the obvious thing to do is do things in the old Afghan way." Not Locked Into Leaving Senior Obama administration officials insist that the pace of withdrawal will be determined by conditions on the ground.  "I do not believe we have locked ourselves into leaving," Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said during a Senate committee hearing Wednesday. "But what we have done ... is to signal very clearly to all audiences that the United States is not interested in occupying Afghanistan." The plan is designed so that the lead responsibility for security will be handed over gradually to Afghans on a local basis, depending on the quality and reliability of security forces and government institutions.  "In my own mind, July 2011 is a reasonably well-set timeline to get the Afghans to a point where at least in some portions of Afghanistan, we can start withdrawing," retired Lt. Gen James Dubik, who oversaw training of Iraqi forces in 2007 and 2008 and spent the past summer observing training of Afghan troops, told NPR's All Things Considered. Deep Skepticism But given that U.S. forces have spent the past eight years trying to build up the Afghan army, police and government ministries, there is deep skepticism about how much of a difference another 18 months can make, even with an additional influx of resources. "I have no doubt that with 30,000 troops, Gen. McChrystal can put the Taliban on their back foot in 18 months, but those gains will not be sustainable," says Robert Grenier, a former CIA station chief in Pakistan who worked extensively on issues in Afghanistan. "At best, you will make marginal progress in the next 18 months at building up the Afghan national army. That will be a very long project." The U.S. military plans to accelerate its training efforts by requiring all U.S. combat soldiers to actively partner with Afghan forces in a training capacity.  Senior administration officials say that there are currently 92,000 capable Afghan national army forces, but that too many of them remain garrisoned on bases rather than actively protecting the Afghan people.  McChrystal has said privately that Afghan security forces need to eventually number 400,000 if they are going to be able to secure the entire country. That would include about 260,000 army soldiers and another 140,000 police officers.  Objectives Too Small? "One of the mistakes the Bush administration made, and I hope we will not make it again, is to set our objectives too small for Afghan security forces," says Cohen, who served as counselor to the State Department for the last two years of the Bush administration. "If you want your real ticket to withdrawal for American combat forces, it's going to be the effective development of Afghan security forces, which will probably have to be paid for by the international community for decades to come. But that's worth it." Obama's review, however, shied away from endorsing any specific target, with aides saying they prefer to set year-by-year targets that are more achievable. "We are going to take this in bite-size chunks," a senior administration official told reporters.  But there are persistent doubts about whether the training of effective forces can be sped up all that much.  "If push comes to shove, we may be able to recruit enough

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- 'Path To Citizenship' Part Of Senators' Bipartisan Immigration Plan -- Brazilian Nightclub Disaster: Toxic Smoke, Barriers Blamed For Horrible Toll -- In Egypt: Protests Continue, Opposition Balks At Talks With Morsi -- French And Malian Forces Take Airport In Timbuktu; Islamists Burn Library Some of the morning's other top stories: -- "Google Explains How It Handles Police Requests For Users' Data." (Morning Edition) -- "Significant Activity" Detected In Former Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's Brain; He Has Been Unconscious Since Suffering Brain Hemorrhage In 2007. (Haaretz) -- "Toyota Again World's Largest Auto Maker." (The Wall Street Journal) -- Assad's Grip On Power Is "Slipping Away," Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev Says. (CNN.com)


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Question: Field Notes from 91.7 WVXU

For kids who can't get enough science, Thane Maynard's Field Notes introduces listeners to Crystal Clear after-school programs.

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.