Question: London Marathon Marked By High Security, Memories Of Boston

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"['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'This week, we learned how the TV show Nashville fits into the long tradition of the country duet, why Meshell Ndegeocello covering Nina Simone makes all the sense in the world, and how Gary Clark, Jr. grew from the boy wonder of Austin\'s blues scene into a national star. But mostly, this week was all about Taylor. Below are four stories on the significance — for country, for pop, for the industry and for the artist herself — of Taylor Swift\'s fourth album, Red, released this past Monday. Read to the end for a palate-cleanser: a profile of a free-jazz musician who lives and speaks like a Tom Waits character.  Business Matters: Why Taylor Swift\'s \'Red\' Is Absent From Subscription Services Looking for Red on Spotify? Keep dreaming: The album isn\'t available on any of the major streaming services. Drop $22 at a Papa John\'s, though, and you can walk out with a large pizza in one hand and a copy of Taylor Swift\'s latest in the other. Glenn Peoples, Nashville-based writer for Billboard, explains why Swift\'s label, Big Machine, has elected to forgo subscription services for the time being and instead focus on retail exclusives. The chains are playing along, and some are doubling down (see Keds\' limited edition Red-themed sneakers, available for $50). It\'s looking like a good gamble — Red is on track to sell more than a million copies in its first week in stores. -- Daoud Tyler-Ameen  No More Kid Stuff For Taylor Swift Those pizza boxes and shoes emblazoned with Swift branding are a reminder of her omnipresence. For several years now, pop critic chatter about her has never dipped below a steady hum; her career is better understood as points on a continuum than a set of distinct chapters. In a wide-ranging review, The New York Times\' Jon Caramanica says there\'s a reason for that: Swift has made an effort to evolve slowly, never alienating her young audience in pursuit of a bigger one. Red, he argues, might be the tipping point, where folksy innocence becomes limiting and a true pop breakout becomes the only way to move forward. -- Daoud Tyler-Ameen  Dark Red: The Smart, Sexual And Suddenly Mature Taylor Swift Over at Grantland, Molly Lambert focuses on the human touches in Swift\'s new songs. Not finger-picked guitars or unretouched vocals, but lyrics like "I\'ll do anything you say if you say it with your hands." It\'s a bit shocking, Lambert writes, but also "a relief that Taylor has opted not to get trapped in her presexual princess phase forever." Parsing the album\'s lyrics alongside evidence presented by photos of public romances in gossip mags, she reads maturity in Swift\'s lust, but also in her growing self-awareness of the way that chasing emotions to their limits can end in a crash. -- Jacob Ganz  Indie Snobs, Furries And Wubs: A Freewheeling Chat With Taylor Swift What does Swift have to say for herself? She talks to SPIN about Joni Mitchell, the TV show Nashville, the novels she wrote as a teenager and the diversity of sounds on the new album, which include the dubsteppy track "I Knew You Were Trouble." Says Swift: "I wanted the song to sound as chaotic as the emotion felt. I wanted it to be loud and out of control." She even shows a little restraint when the magazine tries to get her to reveal the real-life indie-loving inspiration for her chart-topping "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together." That counts as maturity, right? -- Jacob Ganz  Last Man Standing In an endlessly quotable Wire profile on Peter Brotzmann, there\'s one detail from writer David Keenan that brings me such joy and duly confirms the German free-jazz saxophonist\'s long-established bad-assness: "These days, the only people he has any regular contact with in his hometown are the butcher, the cheesemonger and the tobacconist." This is the cigar-chomping, bear of a man that seriously brought the noise to free-jazz with records like the game-changing Machine Gun and crossed the Euro-American jazz divide with the Chicago Tentet. Brotzmann is not a man of many words, but here expounds upon sex in jazz (and today\'s lack thereof), how art\'s become too introspective, his long-running musical relationship with drummer madman Han Bennink, and, in perhaps his most vulnerable moment, how his father was drafted into the SS during WWII and how that\'s shaped a generation of German artists. Keenan\'s profile (and a nice discography primer by Daniel Spicer), by the way, are available to read only via the physical magazine or digitally through an online subscription. The Wire also has a lovely iPad app in both a yearly subscription or on a pay-as-you-go basis. -- Lars Gotrich, who also made a Spotify list you should listen to.']" == "['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details', 'What To Read This Week: Four Parts Taylor Swift, One Part Free Jazz Edition']"

The London Marathon observed 30 seconds of silence before the race got underway Sunday, in a show of solidarity with the victims of Monday's attack at the Boston Marathon. Many runners and spectators wore black ribbons to honor the three people killed and the more than 170 injured in two bombings. Tsegaye Kebede of Ethiopia took the London race — the second time he has won the event. The marathon drew 36,000 participants, and organizers expect about 34,500 to finish the race. The London Marathon is donating £2 for every finisher to The One Fund Boston, which was set up "to help the people most affected by the tragic events." As the BBC reports, Boston Marathon women's wheelchair winner Tatyana McFadden repeated with a victory in London. "You know, this whole weekend was dedicated to Boston, and we got huge support from London," she said. "So, I couldn't be happier — just getting support. It was just a wonderful day." Security was heightened for the London race, with officers on hand to secure the area for the runners and for an estimated half-million spectators. Perhaps the most disturbing thing were reports that Mo Farah, the British runner who won gold in the 5,000-meter and 10,000-meter events at the London Olympics last summer, had overslept and missed the start of the race. News reports about his predicament spread quickly after Farah yelled to a BBC radio journalist that he was late and might miss the bus. "Just to clarify, I had breakfast at 5am today, my comment about sleeping in was just a joke," Farah tweeted later. "I was one of the first athletes on the bus to the start."

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Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

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Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they discuss, and Ted recommends recordings of, the many beautiful madrigals composed over a span of 50 years by Renaissance composer Claudio Monteverdi.

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Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

FEMA's Halloween party; if he's hunting again, then we're ducking; A 'Wait Wait' goodbye to a big voice.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Florida Pastor Makes World Record Attempt At Longest Speech

Some church sermons seem like they go on forever, but Florida pastor Zach Zehnder's takes the cake. He recently spoke for 58 hours and 18 minutes — on purpose.

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Good afternoon - here are a few stories we're watching today. Wikileaks' Assange Demands U.S. Cease 'Witch Hunt'. Uniformed Afghan Kills NATO Servicemember; 3 NATO Troops Die In Roadside Bombing. (AP) It's Eid-Al-Fitr - Worldwide Festival Marks End Of Islamic Holy Month Of Ramadan. (VOA) Syrian President Assad Makes Rare Public Appearance, Marks Holiday At Mosque. (Bloomberg News) Brothers Seek To Market Toilet Paper Emblazoned With Advertising. (Journal News) Endurance Athlete Diana Nyad Attempts To Swim Unaided Between Cuba And Florida. (CNN)


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

On Monday, the Trump administration imposed sanctions on Iran. The New York Times described the package as “the most significant part of President Trump’s decision last May to abandon the Iranian nuclear agreement of 2015, which he has described as a disaster.” The Iranian economy is already struggling, and many experts say these sanctions will hurt. What’s behind the Trump administration’s latest moves on Iran, and how did the Iranian government respond? President Trump also called off a proposed meeting with Russian president Vladimir Putin this week, but the Kremlin said the two leaders would have an “abbreviated discussion” with more detailed talks coming later this month. The two leaders are scheduled to head to Paris this weekend upon the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I. Hundreds of thousands of Yemeni citizens are trapped in the port city of Hodeida as fighting continues in the country’s civil war. The Washington Post reports that residents have remained confined inside their houses.  The clashes in Hodeida, pitting a U.S.-backed regional coalition led by Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates against northern Houthi rebels, has led to numerous civilian casualties over the past week, said residents, health workers and aid agencies. The violence is also nearing medical facilities, threatening the safety of patients and essential medical workers. The fighting has particularly intensified near Hodeida’s port, through which passes more than 70 percent of all food, fuel, medicine and other essential supplies destined for the northern part of the country where the large majority of Yemenis live. If the port is damaged, it could be catastrophic for millions of Yemenis, aid workers said.  And one of the children featured in searing images of the famine in Yemen published by The New York Times last week died. Amal Hussain was seven years old.  “My heart is broken,” said her mother, Mariam Ali, who wept during a phone interview. “Amal was always smiling. Now I’m worried for my other children.”  After Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis called for a cease-fire in Yemen last week, who can help these civilians? Could the conflict in Yemen come to a peaceful resolution? We’ll update you on the latest news from around the globe with our panel of journalists. Text by Gabrielle Healy. GUESTS Jennifer Williams, Foreign editor, Vox; co-host of Vox’s foreign affairs podcast, “Worldly”; @jenn_ruth David Lawler, World news editor, Axios; @davidlawler10 Imtiaz Tyab, Host, “The Take” from Al-Jazeera For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: Trump Calls Out KKK, White Supremacists After Charlottesville: 'Racism Is Evil'

Updated at 7:20 p.m. ET Almost 48 hours after violence engulfed Charlottesville, Va., President Trump called out white nationalist groups by name. Trump's remarks on Monday followed criticism that his initial statement about the clash of protesters did not condemn racist groups specifically. "Racism is evil, and those who cause violence in its name are criminals and thugs, including the KKK, neo-Nazis and white supremacists and other hate groups that are repugnant to everything we hold dear as Americans," the president said from the White House. Trump began his remarks talking about his economic accomplishments and plans for trade negotiations before turning his attention to the events over the weekend in Virginia. After the Charlottesville City Council had voted earlier this year to remove a statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee from one of its parks, white nationalist groups — including white supremacists, the alt-right, the Ku Klux Klan and neo-Nazis — descended on the city for a "Unite the Right" rally. On Friday night, they marched on the normally sleepy college town, home to the University of Virginia, carrying torches. On Saturday conditions turned deadly as hundreds of the white nationalists, some carrying Confederate flags and shields and others in militia-like gear, clashed with counterprotesters in the city streets. At one point a silver Dodge Challenger, allegedly driven by 20-year-old James Alex Fields Jr. of Ohio, rammed into a street filled with counterprotesters. Heather Heyer, 32, was killed, and at least 19 others were injured. Fields was charged with one count of second-degree murder, three counts of malicious wounding and one count of hit and run. President Trump expressed sympathy to Heyer's family as well as to the families of Virginia State Troopers Lt. H. Jay Cullen and Berke M.M. Bates, who died when their helicopter that was patrolling Saturday's event crashed. "These three fallen Americans embody the goodness and decency of our nation," Trump said. "In times such as these, America has always shown its true character, responding to hate with love, division with unity, and violence with an unwavering resolve for justice." Trump spoke after meeting with newly installed FBI Director Christopher Wray and Attorney General Jeff Sessions at the White House. He said that the Department of Justice had opened a civil rights investigation into the car attack. "To anyone who acted criminally at this weekend's racist violence, you will be held fully accountable. Justice will be delivered," the president said. Sessions told ABC News on Monday morning that the car crash that had killed Heyer "does meet the definition of domestic terrorism." "You can be sure we will charge and advance the investigation towards the most serious charges that can be brought, because this is unequivocally an unacceptable, evil attack," he said. The president's condemnations may be too little, too late for those who criticized Trump's initial remarks — and Trump may have missed a critical moment to be the nation's healer in chief. Sen. Tim Scott, R-S.C., the Senate's only black Republican, said in a statement later Monday that while Trump's remarks earlier that day were "clear and specific," those words "would have been more impactful on Saturday." In an op-ed in USA Today, which did not mention Trump, Scott wrote, "Our response to the events in Charlottesville, Va., should mirror our response to the murders at Mother Emanuel Church in Charleston. Condemnation of racism. Swift justice for a terrorist. And unity for the community that grieves." On Saturday, Trump claimed that the clashes were a result of "hatred, bigotry and violence on many sides." Top Republicans, among others, quickly criticized him for not calling out by name the white supremacists, alt-right, KKK and neo-Nazi groups that began the protests. "Mr. President — we must call evil by its name. These were white supremacists and this was domestic terrorism," Sen. Cory Gardner, R-Colo., who heads up the GOP Senate campaign committee, tweeted on Saturday. The White House put out an unsigned statement on Sunday morning, saying that, "The President said very strongly in his statement yesterday that he condemns all forms of violence, bigotry and hatred and of course that includes white Supremacists, KKK, neo-nazi and all extremist groups. He called for national unity and bringing all Americans together." Vice President Pence had gone further than the president in his own comments, telling reporters Sunday night while traveling in Colombia, "We have no tolerance for hate and violence from white supremacists, neo-Nazis or the KKK. These dangerous fringe groups have no place in American public life and in the American debate, and we condemn them in the strongest possible terms." Trump has been blamed for being slow to criticize white supremacist groups in the past — even as he regularly attacks other targets on Twitter. During the 2016 campaign, Trump came unde

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- No End In Sight As Government Shutdown Begins. -- Obama: 'Perpetual Cycle Of Brinksmanship ... Has To End.' -- In Talk Of Shutdown, A Familiar Feeling At The White House. And here are more early headlines: Despite Government Shutdown, Obamacare Opens Enrollment Today. (Reuters) Israeli Prime Minister Visits U.N. Today, Warning Against Iran. (CBS) U.S. Diplomats Expelled From Venezuela For 'Sabotage'. (CNN) Bangladesh Sentences Opposition Leader To Death For War Crimes. (BBC) Greece Cracks Down On Far Right Party Accused Of Murder, Corruption. (Guardian) Jury Seated In Insider Trading Trial Of Dallas Mavericks Owner. (New York Times) UC Berkeley Blast May Be Linked To Underground Copper Theft. (San Jose Mercury News) Police Catch Thief Sprayed With Liquid That Glows In Ultraviolet Light. (Reuters)


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Question: Global Warming Jeopardizes Norway's Fish Farms

Fish farms, one of Norway's biggest moneymakers, are fast becoming vulnerable because of climate change. The farther north you go, the easier it is to see signs of melting sea ice or stranded polar bears, and northern countries such as Norway fear their economies will suffer.

Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music.


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Question: Vaccine Research/Expanding the Universe

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In 1929, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe was expanding. Ever since,  scientists have been trying to figure out how fast that expansion is taking place. Now, astronomers say they may finally have an answer. In this hour, we'll take a look at the still-expanding universe. Plus, new research into vaccines against common bacteria.  Guests:  Gerald Pier Professor in the Channing Laboratory Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts  Wendy Freedman Team Leader, Hubble Key Project Astronomer Carnegie Observatories Pasedena, California  Neta Bahcall Professor of Astronomy Princeton University Observatory Princeton, New Jersey

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: In The Powerful 'Una,' A Woman Wants Vengeance — And More

Una, an intelligently talky, properly claustrophobic chamber piece directed by Benedict Andrews and adapted by Scottish playwright David Harrower from his 2005 stage play Blackbird, revisits a middle-aged man's past sexual abuse of a precocious adolescent when the victim confronts him many years later. In form and subject, if not in tone, the film recalls David Mamet's 1994 Oleanna, a stridently partisan polemic adapted from Mamet's play about a college professor's alleged sexual assault of a female graduate student. Played by Ben Mendelsohn and Rooney Mara, both fearless about assaying a pair of unlikable damaged goods, abuser and victim hammer away at one another non-stop in confined spaces; it's safe to say that Una is not a fun night at the movies in the narrow sense of the word. In fact it's a bummer, but a roomier, more humane bummer than Mamet's self-serving Oleanna, in which the cacophonous sound of a grinding male axe drowned out all complicating reflection. (Between putative perp and furious self-described victim, somebody had to win Mamet's war of fixed ideas, while somebody else had to be exposed as a liar. Guess who?) In Una there are no winners. We know early on that Ray (Mendelsohn), now in his fifties, was guilty as charged and served time for his crime. Now — as Una (Mara) discovers when she tracks him down to the warehouse where he works as a supervisor — he's known as Peter. He has a wife and children and as far as he's concerned, the past is done with. "I'm not one of them," he tells her, shocked, when she asks if he slept with any other underage girls. What predator is, in his own eyes? Una is an inquiry into the complicated bond between a predator and his prey. Yet Harrower does not play monsters and victims. His script probes how an ordinary man of weak character slips into doing grievous harm to a girl who's wakening to her sexuality yet far too young to make her own decisions. Now pushing thirty and still living in her childhood home, the smart and beautiful Una spins her wheels doing office work and having casual sex in bars while caring for her mother (Tara Fitzgerald), a destroyed woman in a bathrobe. As she leafs through albums with photos of better days, flashbacks carry us back to the blandly sunny suburban backyard where Una (played as a girl by a very good Ruby Stokes), is hungry for love. She enters with trust into a relationship that ends in a long wait in a tawdry hotel room that will haunt her till the present.  Una's discovery of Ray sets off a game of cat and mouse that grows more psychologically deadly as she pursues her aggressor through the vast, arid physical space of his warehouse, a labyrinth with cruelly bright fluorescent lighting that's dotted with bright red shelving, yet arid and empty of product. We remain there, trapped with the pair, for much of the film. Eventually, with the unwitting aid of Ray's subordinate (British actor Riz Ahmed), Una manages to invade the private life Ray has built for himself — on a mountain of lies.  It's a toxic but mesmerizingly poignant entrapment. Una wants vengeance, but she still longs to bind Ray to her in love and desire. Ray is never absolved or let off the hook, yet he's not, in essence, a monster. Neither is the woman who confronts him with the full scale of the havoc he wrought in her, and in her family. Though poisonously linked by the savage asymmetry in their fates, one has moved on, while the other is stuck fast in her past, unable to move beyond the desire, the need for love, and the fear of abandonment. There's a morally rigorous sensibility at work in Harrower's drama, in which Ray emerges as a weak, vacillating prevaricator, still deluding himself that he, too, fell in love and did little harm. For her part, Mara makes us see the powerfully impressive adult Una might have become instead of the child-woman she may remain, eternally waiting to be sprung from her prison. She's a truly tragic figure; he is merely pitiful.

Stories: 1) How Birth Control And Abortion Became Politicized 2) Life Without Plot In 'Leaving The Atocha Station' 3) 'Four The Record,' Lambert Comes To Terms With Herself


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Question: Journey Of A Specialty Coffee Bean, From Cherry To Cup

When we wanted to know how the growth of the specialty coffee movement is influencing the lives of farmers, we took a trip to the mountainous region of Huehuetenango in Guatemala. Here, we met farmer Miguelina Villatoro, owner of Finca El Paternal. If you listen to my radio story, you'll hear how she has salvaged a family farm by maximizing the quality of her beans and entering into a direct trade deal with Portland Roasting.  At a time when the global commodity price of coffee has sunk to about $1.40 a pound, Villatoro is getting $2.50 per pound for her coffee. And this kind of premium is typical for farmers catering to the specialty market, who compete on quality. The premium she's getting for her beans allows her to reinvest in the farm and improve conditions for her workers. One recent improvement: She has added water filters to boost the quality of workers' drinking water. And the workers' living quarters on the farm now have a stove with a chimney — small luxuries. The relationship between Villatoro and Portland Roasting began with a dramatic landing by helicopter at her farm nearly 13 years ago. Mark Stell arranged the visit as part of a tour where he scoped out lots of farms. In the end, he was impressed with the quality of her coffee — which had just placed well at a tasting competition called Cup of Excellence. "The quality is driving this [expansion of the specialty coffee]," says Edward Fischer, director of the Center for Latin American Studies at Vanderbilt University. And he says it's having a positive effect on workers and small producers in Guatemala. The volume of coffee that Guatemala exports has either dropped a little or stayed level since 2001, he says. "And yet the revenues from coffee have gone up," says Fischer. This means that coffee producers are "earning more for the coffee they're exporting." If you click on the slideshow above (the images shot by my colleague David Gilkey are beautiful), you'll see the incredibly labor-intensive process of producing coffee. Who knew that coffee plants produce cherries, not beans? Or that they've got to be milled not once, but twice to produce the green coffee that's ready for roasting? So, next time you sip on a latte, remember: It's not just the face of the barista behind those coffee beans. At Rain or Shine Coffee House in Portland, where customers pay upwards of 2 bucks for a coffee, owner Claire Teasdale says she wants her customers to know the stories about the farmers, like Villatoro, behind their cup of joe. Knowing all the effort that goes into that cup "makes the whole experience of enjoying the coffee a little better," says Teasdale. The specialty coffee movement, often called Third Wave Coffee, is a fast-growing niche within the colossal coffee world. And increasingly, in this third-wave world, roasters and cafes aren't just selling us a good cup of coffee. They're also selling us the story behind it.

Stories: 1) How 'Italian Food' Became A Global Sensation 2) Cyro Baptista: Sounds From Everywhere, Evoking Home 3) How Western Diets Are Making The World Sick 4) 'We're Broke': Empty Bank Accounts, Empty Meaning?


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

President Trump visits Asia. Several Saudi Arabian princes visit prison. And we revisit a conversation about offshore tax shelters in light of the Paradise Papers. Travel around the world with us for a look at some of the biggest stories in this week’s international news. GUESTS Moises Naim, Distinguished fellow, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and chief international columnist, El Pais; author of “The End of Power: From Boardrooms to Battlefields and Churches to States, Why Being in Charge Isn’t What It Used to Be”; @MoisesNaim Kim Ghattas, Columnist, Foreign Policy; senior visiting fellow, Carnegie Endowment; former BBC State Department correspondent; author of a forthcoming book on Saudia Arabia and Iran; @BBCKimGhattas Mikhail Zygar, Russian journalist; author of a new book, “The Empire Must Die: Russia’s Revolutionary Collapse, 1900-1917”; and “All the Kremlin’s Men,” now out in paperback; @zygaro For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2017 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.


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Question: The California Report Magazine 2006-10-13

Midterm Race Heats up in the Sierra -- Rep. John Doolittle (R-Calif.) of California's 4th District, which includes Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada foothills, has never had much competition. But this election has something different in store. Hear why a seat once considered safe for Republicans is suddenly more competitive. Plus, award-winning soprano Audra McDonald talks about her new album and what it's like to perform in front of her hometown crowd in Fresno.

Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 925 2) Latino USA Episode 926


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Question: Murdoch Wins Bid to Buy Dow Jones & Co.

Rupert Murdoch has struck a deal to acquire The Wall Street Journal and its parent company, Dow Jones & Co.  A majority of members of the Bancroft family elected to sell to Murdoch's News Corp. to seal the $5 billion deal. The family currently holds the controlling shares in Dow Jones.  Late Tuesday, News Corp.'s board formally endorsed the deal.  But many of the Journal's reporters and editors were bracing themselves for the uncertainties of the Murdoch era. The deal came together amid anger, angst and ambition, but the logic behind it is simple: investors felt Dow Jones wasn't making them enough money, and Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. was offering a handsome price and to spend more to win back advertisers and subscribers and expand coverage.  Norman Pearlstine was the top editor at the paper for nine years. He said he is hopeful for the deal. "The alternatives for Dow Jones and the Journal are not so great," he said. "On balance, the idea of an owner who wants to invest in - and reinvigorate - a product is something we should be encouraged about." Still, Pearlstine said: "We have to be wary about whether [Murdoch's] record of frequently using his publications for the interests of News Corp. is something that is going to have to be watched." "Wary" would be an understated way of describing the mood in the Dow Jones newsroom. "I think that the vast majority of people who work for The Wall Street Journal consider Rupert Murdoch to be a threat to what we do - and I don't think there's any great disagreement about that," said longtime reporter E.S. Browning, who is a senior figure in the paper's union. Some colleagues believe the Journal may need new owners with deep pockets — and want to give Murdoch the benefit of the doubt. Browning isn't among them. "There are people who want Rupert Murdoch's money, but I think they'll be unhappy at the price he exacts in exchange." Murdoch will launch a new cable business channel in October. He already owns the Fox News Channel, The New York Post, MySpace, newspapers in the U.K. and Australia, and satellite TV operations in Asia.  The Journal's foreign correspondents warned about moves he's taken to appease Chinese leaders. The 76-year-old Murdoch has been repeatedly accused of influencing coverage - a charge he shrugs off. That issue tore apart the Bancroft family, which holds 64 percent of the voting stock of Dow Jones. Bancroft cousin Leslie Hill quit the Dow Jones board as it - and the family - moved to endorse the sale.  Reporter Joshua Prager writes lengthy feature stories for the Journal's front page. He said a legacy is about to be lost. "For years, it seemed that there were other principles than just money that were governing and guiding the stewardship of this paper," he said. Prager points to the winning gambit this week, when News Corp. agreed to pay an estimated $30 million in fees to the Bancrofts' to lawyers, analysts and other consultants.  "That payment was for many people sort of emblematic of one bitter truth - that it all comes down to money. And it really, really left a bitter taste in people's mouths," he said. Some question the advice the Bancrofts received. Merrill Lynch was hired by the Bancroft family's chief trustee to evaluate the Murdoch bid, but it's also part of a banking syndicate that agreed to lend News Corp. $2.25 billion in May.  From NPR reports and The Associated Press

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Good morning, here are our early stories: After Chávez: His 'Revolution' Is Likely To Continue. Storm Brings Season's Heaviest Snowfall To Midwest, Mid-Atlantic. And here are more early headlines: Brennan's CIA Nomination On 'Fast Track'; Vote May Come As Early As Thursday. (AP) Finally! Last Cardinal Expected Soon At Vatican To Help Choose New Pope. (CNN) Could Dow's New Record Prompt More Spending By Wealthy? (Marketwatch) European Union Fines Microsoft For Denying Consumers Web Browser Choice. (Reuters) After Two Years Of Fighting, Syria Has 1 Million Refugees. (Los Angeles Times) Los Angeles City Councilman, Controller, Headed For Mayoral Runoff. (KPCC) Czech Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Under Attack By Hackers. (Reuters) Did The Duchess Of Cambridge Drop A Hint About Her Baby's Gender? (People)


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E.g. ["represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr\n\n\nFor instance you may be given 'Controlling Mosquitoes With Bacteria' and it should match with 'Biologists identified bacteria that shorten the lifespan of disease-carrying mosquitoes. Shorter lives mean less time for the mosquitoes to incubate and transmit diseases like dengue and malaria. Biologist Andrew Read of The Pennsylvania State University explains the findings. IRA FLATOW, host:  Moving on, changing gears. Talking about mosquitoes. You know, the illnesses carried by mosquitoes infect and kill more than 1 million people worldwide each year and scientists, of course, are always looking for new ways to kill the deadly insects. And they have come up with a new one now. Biologists reporting in the journal Science this week say that they have identified a bacterium that infects disease-carrying mosquitoes. And this bacterium shortens the mosquito's lifespan. And a shorter life could mean less transmission of mosquito-borne illnesses, like dengue and malaria. And here to explain the findings and how they might be applied is Andrew Read. Dr. Read is professor of biology and entomology at the Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics at Penn State University. He is a co-author of a commentary in Science explaining the study. Welcome to Science Friday.  Dr. ANDREW READ (Professor, Biology and Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University): Hello, Ira and Happy New Year.  FLATOW: Happy New Year to you. Why would shortening a mosquito lifespan mean less disease? Does it just mean that he is around fewer years or months or weeks or days to spread things?  Dr. READ: That's mostly it. So, diseases like malaria and dengue, they take some time to develop in the mosquito. So, even after the mosquito has picked up those diseases, they aren't transmitted from the mosquitoes for about two weeks. And so, that means that a mosquito with malaria or dengue is not dangerous until it's at least two weeks old. So, the idea is that if you could kill the older ones, then you'd be taking out the ones which have the infection. So, by taking those guys out, that should help control the disease.  FLATOW: So, only the older ones can transmit the disease?  Dr. READ: That's right. So, it has to be - well, for malaria, it's around two weeks. For dengue, it's two weeks or maybe a bit less than that. It's very environmentally sensitive. But most mosquitoes don't live very long in the field anyway. So, those guys that are two weeks old, those are old mosquitoes. And it's one of the great ironies of diseases like malaria that most mosquitoes don't live long enough to transmit the disease.  FLATOW: They don't?  Dr. READ: No. So, most mosquitoes have a very hard life in the field. They have a hard time from predators - spiders, birds, that sort of thing - as well as very difficult environmental conditions and the risk of taking a blood feed on people, where they get slapped and so forth. So, most mosquitoes actually die pretty fast. They may die - 10 or 20 percent of them are dead every day. And so, you don't get too many mosquitoes that live two weeks or more, enough to transmit diseases like dengue or malaria.  FLATOW: So, if you can get those older ones, you've really cut off a large reservoir?  Dr. READ: That's right. So, the idea is that instead of targeting the mosquitoes themselves, what we can do is target the dangerous mosquitoes, and those are the ones that are two weeks or so old.  FLATOW: Has anybody ever tried this idea out?  Dr. READ: So, there's been no attempt at doing this in the field yet, but there are various techniques being developed in an attempt to take out, disproportionately, the older mosquitoes. But these are so far working in the laboratory.  FLATOW: Mm hmm. And how do you go about infecting a large number of mosquitoes out there in the wild?  Dr. READ: Well, so, what Scott O'Neill's group in Queensland has done is to adapt a bacterial line which will kill old mosquitoes. And they've managed to adapt it to the mosquito which transmits dengue. The way they have envisaged doing this is that one would infect very large numbers of females with the bacteria in the laboratory and then release those females. They would mate with wild-type females and spread the bacteria through the mosquito population.  FLATOW: Mm hmm. And so, how would you disseminate it to begin with?  Dr. READ: Well, that is a bit - that is a technical challenge. No question of that. It would take very good mosquito-rearing facilities. And remember, mosquitoes are only breeding when they are fed blood, so they need a large amount of blood going into an insectary to develop millions of mosquitoes for release. But technically, that is possible and people have achieved numbers certainly in the hundreds of thousands. So, it's feasible to do this.  FLATOW: Mm hmm. And how does the bacteria spread through the population once you release the infected mosquitoes? Is it by mating or…?  Dr. READ: Yeah, that's the really neat thing about this bacteria. So, it isn't like a regular disease like we get, like flu or something' but not with 'Stories: 1) Heroin, The Taliban And The 'Seeds Of Terror' 2) Reducing Suicide Rates In The Military'.", 'Work in Dallas for Katrina Evacuee'] == ['represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details\n------\nE.g. Syrian security forces opened fire on thousands of protesters Friday, killing at least six people as soldiers tried to head off demonstrations by occupying mosques and blocking public squares, human-rights activists said. A leading activist told The Associated Press that three people were killed in Homs, two in Damascus and one in a village outside Daraa, the southern city where the nationwide uprising began in March. He asked that his name not be used for fear of reprisals by the government. In Damascus, the capital, three rallies were held — the largest number of protests held at one time in the city during the two-month revolt against President Bashar Assad. Thousands in Syria have persevered with the demonstrations, turning up in huge numbers on Fridays — the Islamic day of prayer — only to be met by security forces with bullets, tear gas and batons. One activist in Homs, speaking on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals, said security forces dressed in black and shadowy pro-regime gunmen known as "shabiha" were doing the shooting. He said the regime forces first fired in the air, then shot directly into the crowd as protesters continued their way. The clashes came after an adviser to the Syrian government said Assad had ordered security forces not to shoot at protesters. Syrian journalist Talib Ibrahim, who regularly speaks for the regime, told Al-Jazeera the military "has been successful at breaking up the armed gangs behind these protests, so now there is no reason to shoot." Human-rights groups say that between 700 and 850 people have been killed since the start of the revolt against Assad\'s repressive regime. Homs On Edge Martin Fletcher, associate editor for The Times of London, told All Things Considered that the city of Homs was "extremely tense." "It was flooded with security personnel — some in uniform, some in plainclothes, all armed," he said. "In the more troublesome ... districts, there were ... groups of tanks at every junction. On the very northern edge, I counted at least 100 tanks standing by the highway, parked, waiting for an eventuality." Fletcher, who had been in Syria under the guise of a tourist, was stopped at a checkpoint and briefly detained after security personnel looked at his passport. "They saw that I had been in both Egypt and Libya earlier in the year, which didn\'t really fit with my claim to be a tourist," he said. Fletcher said he was taken to a windowless basement in an apartment building and held for six hours. Beyond a heavy steel door, he got a glimpse of dozens of young men, sitting huddled on the floor. "Quite clearly they were rounding up young men of fighting age from the streets of the city in an effort to crush the protests," he said. International Outcry Assad has come under scathing criticism for the crackdown, with the United States and Europe imposing sanctions. On Friday, Britain summoned Syria\'s ambassador to warn that new sanctions will target the regime\'s hierarchy if Assad does not halt the country\'s violent crackdown on protesters. Syrian Ambassador Sami Khiyami was called in for talks with political director Geoffrey Adams — the second time in recent weeks he had been ordered to explain his government\'s actions. Fletcher said he was surprised at how much support Assad still has in Syria, however. "People hate the people around him for their corruption, for their brutality and so on," he said. "Some Syrians still buy into the idea that he is a reformer who may be constrained by his coterie. Some like the way he stands up to the United States and Israel. A lot of people have a great fear that if President Assad goes, Syria will descend into the sort of sectarian conflicts they have seen on both sides — in Iraq to their east, in Lebanon to their west." Fletcher said he didn\'t sense the military was close to losing control and that Assad will be able to crush the protests. "[But] I think it may prove to be a Pyrrhic victory. I think consequently the economic cost of this is enormous. Syria is now fairly firmly back on the list of pariah nations," he said. "I think in six months to a year\'s time, the Syrian economy is going to be in real trouble. There\'ll be soaring inflation, even higher unemployment — especially among young people — than there is at the moment. At that point, it\'s quite possible the middle classes who have largely sat out this revolution [will stand up, and] Assad could be facing a new, reinvigorated, much broader protest movement than he is at the moment." Protesters Met By Soldiers In several volatile areas of Syria, residents said soldiers occupied mosques and blocked off major public areas Friday to prevent people from leaving their homes. "The army has transformed major mosques in the city into military barracks where soldiers sleep, eat and drink," said a resident in the coastal town of Banias. "They\'ve put up barriers and sandbags around the mosques." Up to 1,200 security forces have deployed in the public square in the == Thousands Protest Across Syria Despite Crackdown', "The Texas Workforce Commission has held job fairs for Louisiana residents displaced by Hurricane Katrina. Catherine Cuellar from member station KERA reports on one New Orleans man's newfound job in Dallas."] != ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "School Funding, Focus On Technology, National Audubon Society, The Android's Dream, Chase's Calendar of Events, Letters from Iwo Jima, Commentary: Exercise and Pre-teen Martial Arts"]

Question: Software industry wants consumers to rat on software pirates who sell on eBay

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Software industry offers a bounty for turning in software pirates who sell their counterfit goods on eBay

Two weeks ago, the Recording Industry Association of America announced plans to sue music fans who illegally swap copyright songs online.  But some techies are already working on programs that help people share files while evading the recording industry. Laura Sydell reports.


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Question: 'Beale Street' And 'Vice' Composer Isn't Afraid To Play The 'Wrong' Notes

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From the cello-laden soundtrack of If Beale Street Could Talk to the symphony of "wrong notes" he created for Vice, composer Nicholas Britell seeks out sounds that capture each film's essence. His process involves many discussions with a film's director before the film has even been shot — and a lot of experimenting. For If Beale Street Could Talk, Britell and director Barry Jenkins initially thought the score would emphasize horns and brass. But then Britell played a few of his compositions alongside some of the early sequences of the film, and realized the tone was off.  "It just wasn't quite right," Britell says. "It was definitely missing something." So Britell took the music he'd created and began writing it for cello instead. Something clicked: "The cellos really became for us this symbol of love, because the movie is about love and injustice."   Britell is up for an Academy Award for his work on If Beale Street Could Talk and was also nominated for an Oscar in 2017 for his score for Moonlight. But he wasn't always a successful film composer. He once worked as a currency trader on Wall Street — and he also composed telephone hold music.  "I wrote this kind of almost, like, spa-like music and all my friends would call this restaurant and ask to be placed on hold," he says. "I loved it. I just loved writing music."   Interview highlights   On why the score for If Beale Street Could Talk isn't jazz, which is what the characters in the film listen to I knew that Barry was interested in having on the record player [in the film], for example, Miles Davis' "Blue in Green" or John Coltrane, "I Wish I Knew." For me, I think there's always this question of, "Do you want to hear what you're seeing?" In some places, in certain films, the music score will enhance what you're seeing, but I often find that when you hear something that may be different than what you're seeing ... neurologically, you hear something that's different, and so your brain kind of creates a new association in a way. The way to put it is: You don't necessarily want to put a hat on a hat, you know? So sometimes you say, "What is this other sound world that we could create?" And Barry and I spend a lot of time experimenting.  On writing the opening theme for Vice  [Director Adam McKay's] instinct was: This story is so large, not only is Vice the story of Dick Cheney and this man's rise through Washington and the repercussions of his actions, it's also really the story of America over the past 50, 60 years — and thus it's clearly also the story of America's impact on the world over those years. So this is such a large story that Adam felt we need a symphonic scope. "Why don't you write a symphony for this movie?" That's an amazing opportunity, but it's also a question of, "What does that symphony sound like, were I to write a symphony?" ... I think we have in our back of our minds a sense of: Is there an American symphonic sound? I think there are certain things that we may think of when  someone says, "What's an American symphonic sound?" And I think there's also an idea we have of a hero's journey. What does a hero's journey sound like? Maybe it's a brass fanfare, or something like that, but I felt right away that this isn't that movie.  This is a movie that has dissonance to it. The dissonance has to be integral and woven into the nature of the notes themselves. So I actually started to experiment with ideas where I could take a melodic idea, let's say, and what if I inserted the "wrong notes." What if I said: Here's a heroic theme, but these notes are wrong, so we're constantly feeling a rub. There's a dissonance somewhere, and I actually use dissonance as a guiding principle where every piece in this score has a dissonance.  On writing "Little's Theme" for Moonlight  We put the violin very, very close to the mic and I asked [violinist] Tim [Fain] to basically play the notes as quietly as he possibly could while still having the confidence of the note, feeling, because you can play it so quietly that it loses some of its inner strength. So he found this pressure where it was just at the point where it felt confident and yet it was so quiet, and because it was close-mic you had the sound of the bow hair. ... I like hearing the sound of the instruments and hearing the noises and the textures that instruments make, hearing the air in the room. I think that makes it feel real and beautiful to me.  So then I took the violin that we'd recorded very closely and I ran it through some reverb, where there's actually a subtle amount of very long-tail reverb on it too, which just gives the violin this extra feeling of almost like a mist or something around the notes. There is that feeling of tenderness, hopefully. There's an intimacy that I wanted that to feel like. ...  Once I knew "Little's Theme" connected with the picture, then it became the question of, "How do we evolve this over the course of the movie? Where do we go from there?" And that was w

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Stories: 1) Anita O'Day: Revisiting A Classic Voice 2) Harvey Kurtzman: The Comics World's 'Mad Genius' 3) Zooey Deschanel, From Actress To Indie Rocker 4) Foul Mouths And A Penetrating Farce In 'The Loop'


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today, it's Love and Death and the Whole Darn Thing, as Ted recommends recordings of the ultimate Romantic opera: Richard Wagner's "Tristan and Isolde."

Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Bon Jovi, Coming Full 'Circle' With A New Album

Even before he had a band, Jon Bon Jovi delivered demos with the confidence of a superstar. He joins Terry Gross for a conversation about his new album, The Circle, and a companion book and movie.

Stories: 1) John Mellencamp: A New Recording, An Old Sound 2) Marty Stuart Returns To His Roots On 'Ghost Train'


Question: Audrey Niffenegger's Tale Of Sisterly 'Symmetry'

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Though she may be best known for her fictional take on chronological displacement, Audrey Niffenegger, author of The Time Traveler's Wife, tells Melissa Block that she's also attracted to themes of death and dying.  "I think I must have sprung from the womb looking at the other end of my life," Niffenegger says. "Living in America, one tends not to be very death-focused — we're such an optimistic, death-avoiding society. But all the art I was attracted to when I was young seemed to be, if not macabre, then involving loss in some way." Niffenegger explores some of those darker themes in her new book Her Fearful Symmetry, which features identical twin sisters from America who inherit their aunt's apartment in London. Though the aunt dies in the novel's first line, the author says she wanted to hold onto the character — so she turned her into a ghost.  "The more I thought about their aunt, Elspeth, the more interested I got in her, and the more I wanted to write about her. And I felt very, very sorry that I had killed her before she even got into the story," Niffenegger says.   While Niffenegger recognizes that the setup of her novel may be cliched, she says it is intentionally so: "One of the things I'm doing in this book is taking all the old cliches and the workings of the 19th-century English novel and trying to use them in a 21st century novel in a way that makes sense." London's famous Highgate Cemetery, where Elspeth's lover works as a scholar and where Elspeth herself is buried, also features prominently in the novel. It's a place that Niffenegger got to know so well while writing that the staff suggested she start giving cemetery tours — which she did.  Death doesn't just figure prominently in Niffenegger's new novel; it's also a common theme of her artwork. In the drawings, paintings and prints she displays on her Web site, skeletons share a meal at a communal table and canoodle with the living.  "Violence does not attract me, nor do I try to aestheticize it. ... [But] death, on the other hand, is something that will happen to everybody, and it does seem important to think about it," Niffenegger explains.  Niffenegger acknowledges that some readers who know her from The Time Traveler's Wife may be startled by her latest effort: "This book is more astringent and less of a full-blown romantic odyssey." "[But] I tried in this book not to be relentless," she adds. "There's humor in this book, and there are open spaces where I'm not necessarily determining something, where it's possible for a reader to make choices about what's happening and what the readers are going to be doing." Last Letter  The letters arrived every two weeks. They did not come to the house. Every second Thursday, Edwina Noblin Poole drove six miles to the Highland Park Post Office, two towns away from her home in Lake Forest. She had a PO box there, a small one. There was never more than one letter in it.  Usually she took the letter to Starbucks and read it while drinking a venti decaf soy latte. She sat in a corner with her back to the wall. Sometimes, if she was in a hurry, Edie read the letter in her car. After she read it she drove to the parking lot behind the hotdog stand on 2nd Street, parked next to the Dumpster and set the letter on fire. "Why do you have a cigarette lighter in your glove compartment?" her husband, Jack, asked her. "I'm bored with knitting. I've taken up arson," Edie had replied. He'd let it drop.  Jack knew this much about the letters because he paid a detective to follow his wife. The detective had reported no meetings, phone calls or email; no suspicious activity at all, except the letters. The detective did not report that Edie had taken to staring at him as she burned the letters, then grinding the ashes into the pavement with her shoe. Once she'd given him the Nazi salute. He had begun to dread following her.  There was something about Edwina Poole that disturbed the detective; she was not like his other subjects. Jack had emphasised that he was not gathering evidence for a divorce. "I just want to know what she does," he said. "Something is...different." Edie usually ignored the detective. She said nothing to Jack. She put up with it, knowing that the overweight, shiny-faced man had no way of finding her out.  The last letter arrived at the beginning of December. Edie retrieved it from the post office and drove to the beach in Lake Forest. She parked in the spot farthest from the road. It was a windy, bitterly cold day. There was no snow on the sand. Lake Michigan was brown; little waves lapped the edges of the rocks. All the rocks had been carefully arranged to prevent erosion; the beach resembled a stage set. The parking lot was deserted except for Edie's Honda Accord. She kept the motor running. The detective hung back, then sighed and pulled into a spot at the opposite end of the parking lot.  Edie glanced at him. Must I have an audience for this? She sat looking at the lake for a while. I could

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For example, ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Can Harley-Davidson continue to rev up earnings? Will Apple's new iPod play on Wall Street? Will embattled Krispy Kreme rise again? Motley Fool analyst Stephen Simpson talks about some of the week's stock market news."] should be similar to ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth.', 'The Motley Fool Take']

Stories: 1) 'Sirius' Poetry From New Poet Laureate W.S. Merwin 2) Stephen King: The 'Craft' Of Writing Horror Stories 3) 'I Am Love': A 'Madame Bovary' For Our Century


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Question: Obama Launches HIV Cure Initiative, Ups Pledge For Global Health

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Commemorating the 25th World AIDS Day a day late, President Obama announced an initiative Monday to find a cure for HIV infections that would be funded by $100 million shifted from existing spending. "The United States should be at the forefront of new discoveries into how to put people into long-term remission without requiring lifelong therapies — or better yet, eliminate it completely," Obama said at a meeting in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building next to the White House. The initiative reflects a growing optimism among scientists that it may be possible to get patients' immune systems to control HIV without drugs, or even to eliminate the virus from their systems. A feat like that seemed impossible not so long ago. The moneywill come from expiring AIDS research grants over the next three years, the administration said in a statement. The president also pledged $5 billion over the next three years to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria if other countries contribute twice that amount. The Global Fund is holding its fourth replenishment meeting this week in Washington, with a goal of topping the $9.3 billion pledged three years ago. And he signed legislation enacted last month to extend the 10-year-old President's Emergency Program for AIDS Relief, or PEPFAR, started by President Bush. Obama boasted that PEPFAR has exceeded the goal — thought to be ambitious when he set it on World AIDS Day two years ago – of getting anti-HIV treatment to 6 million people in developing countries. "Today I'm proud to announce that we've not only reached our goal, we've exceeded our treatment goal," he said. "We've helped 6.7 million people receive life-saving treatment, and we're going to keep at it." Obama also noted that the waiting list for treatment under the federal-state AIDS Drug Assistance Program last week fell to zero, from a peak of 9,310 in the fall of 2011. Apart from that domestic bright spot, however, a report card on how America is doing with its own HIV epidemic reveals only slow progress. In a panel discussion following Obama's remarks, Dr. Chris Beyrer of Johns Hopkins University pointed out that when PEPFAR and the Global Fund began, AIDS experts were betting it would be easier to combat HIV in targeted populations in America than to get millions of HIV-infected people in sub-Saharan Africa into treatment. But the opposite has happened. "African-American men are about half as likely" to have their HIV infection under control as non-Hispanic white men, Beyrer says. "And two-thirds of new infections are among men who have sex with men." The White House report is thin on promising results, as one section puts it, and heavy on challenges. For instance, a 2010 National AIDS Strategy set a goal of reducing new HIV infections in this country by 25 percent. But the incidence "remains unacceptably high," the latest report says. And, in fact, new HIV infections increased 12 percent among men who have sex with men in the most recent figures – 22 percent among the youngest males, from 13 to 24 years old. The strategy aimed to increase the percent of HIV-infected who know their status to 90 percent. But the most recent figures indicate undiagnosed HIV decreased by only 9 percent between 2006 and 2010. And fewer than half of those between ages 13 and 24 years are aware of their infection. When it comes to effective anti-HIV treatment, fewer than half of Americans at highest risk – men who have sex with men, blacks and Latinos – get sufficient antivirals drugs to keep their HIV under control. Still, there's evidence that concerted efforts to combat HIV can pay off in the most heavily affected places. The report cites impressive gains in New York City, the District of Columbia and San Francisco. "All three have made care and treatment very available, have ramped up testing and needle exchanges," says Chris Collins, policy director of amfAR, the American Foundation for AIDS Research. "When you do that, you see infection rates fall." For instance, when Washington, D.C., increased publicly funded HIV testing from 400 tests in 2007 to 120,000 in 2011, newly diagnosed cases went down by almost half. Newly diagnosed cases have also fallen by half in New York City and San Francisco. The proportion of HIV-treated people whose virus was suppressed has gone steadily up in New York City, especially after the health department recommended that all newly diagnosed patients should be offered anti-retroviral treatment. By the end of last year, nearly 8 in 10 were virally suppressed.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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For example, ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the weeks news: A Romney Romp, Bruce Lee 2012, American Airlines' New Flexible Seating."] should be similar to ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "Who's Carl This Time"]

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: From Buddhism to Baha'i: Black Faith Spreads Across All Religions

Most African-Americans have historically embraced Christianity as their religion. But host Michel Martin hears stories that show the broad diversity of faith experiences for African-Americans.

Stories: 1) Writing About The Midwestern Muslim Experience 2) 'A Separation' Of Hearts, Minds And Ideas In Iran


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Question: Update: White House Response To Coronavirus Crisis

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Both Congress and the Trump administration are taking action in the face of the coronavirus crisis. Meanwhile, President Trump says he's been tested after dodging the question for days.

Criminal Charges in HP Spying Scandal. CDC Study Shows Health Effects of Perchlorate. End Music.


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Question: Without Intervention, Lions Heading For Extinction

In 1960, there were 400,000 lions living in the wild. Today, there are just 20,000. "That represents a 90 to 95 percent decline," says National Geographic explorer-in-residence Dereck Joubert. "Unless we start talking about this, these lions will be extinct within the next 10 or 15 years." Joubert and his wife, Beverly, have lived among populations of big wild cats for decades. Based in Botswana, the filmmakers and conservationists have spent much of their career documenting Africa's animal population for National Geographic. In their latest documentary project, The Last Lions, the Jouberts follow the dwindling lion population living in Botswana's Okavango Delta as they battle their prey — the buffalo — as well as rival prides. "Marauding lions [come] in from the outside into their territory and fight with them," says Dereck Joubert. "These territorial battles are dramatic and often end up in death one way or another." But obtaining dramatic footage of lions battling each other in the murky, swamplike Okavango Delta is not easy, even for seasoned documentarians like the Jouberts. They followed lions across river systems, pushing their car into chest-height water while driving — and they often had a front-row seat to heated attacks. "Generally, we're situated about 20 to 30 paces from the action," says Dereck Joubert. "It's fairly chaotic. You never know where it's going to come from, where it's going to end up. Often, the action breaks closer to you than the ideal." If the action breaks closer, the Jouberts are able to remain calm and in their vehicle — which doesn't have doors, a windshield or a roof — because, says Beverly Joubert, experience has given them insight into how the aggressive cats are likely to react. "We believe that our knowledge over 28 years has prepared us to keep safe, and it's kept us being good filmmakers, without ever challenging the animals, without wanting them to give us an incredible aggressive look," she says. "We feel like the luxury of time will eventually give us that look, but we never, ever want to threaten an animal. At the end of the day, it's all about respect and having ultimate respect for these animals." Following Ma Di Tau In The Last Lions, the Jouberts focus on one lioness who tries to protect her three cubs from a vicious rival pride — by herself — after her mate dies in battle. Usually, a lioness will have a pride of female lions providing an additional layer of security for her cubs. But not in this case. "For her, the stakes were doubly high," says Dereck Jouter. "She had lost her mate and her protector, and she had to go out and hunt — a very, very dangerous activity — and make sure she didn't get injured long enough for her cubs to be vulnerable and in jeopardy." The lioness — who the Jouberts dub Ma di Tau — decides to find a new territory for her cubs. The Jouberts tracked the lions as they made their way through muddy streams in an attempt to reach an island where, unbeknownst to Ma di Tau, a herd of buffalo live. "Their horns are incredibly sharp," Beverly Joubert says, "so that was a problem. Her initial stages [on the island] were having to learn how to hunt. And she studies them. You see she's watching, she's studying them. And she tries to take the [buffalo] calves. But in the finale, she is hunting a male buffalo bull." Learning to fight buffalo wasn't the only way Ma di Tau had to adapt. In order to save her cubs, she took them through water. And lions, Beverly Joubert says, traditionally hate water. "Crocodiles live in water. And even without crocodiles, lions aren't even comfortable getting wet when it's raining," she says. "These lions truly had to adapt." At one point in the film, Ma di Tau leaves one of her cubs behind after he's injured. It's heartbreaking, Dereck Joubert says. "While we can't anthropomorphize, we can certainly understand that there's something going on," he says, adding: "For us, this moment was much more about [Ma di Tau's] struggling with that inevitable maternal instinct to stay and to take care of the cub when she knew she didn't have the capability." Dereck and Beverly Joubert are explorers-in-residence at National  Geographic. They have worked on big cat documentaries for more than 25  years.  Interview Highlights On why the Jouberts didn't help Ma di Tau's cub Beverly Joubert: "That definitely would have been crossing a line for us. We made a policy years ago that we're out there to document. And that's what we do. We'll never intervene when it's a natural situation. So when it's nature playing out its game — without human interference — then we are completely hands-off and all we do is document, even though it's painful. But if we see a situation that is a man-made situation — for instance, an animal falling into a man-made waterhole or a snared animal or poachers shooting at animals — we do, we go straight in. We've had this happen before, when poachers have been shooting into elephants, and we're not even thinking a

It's Friday, and here are some of the stories we're watching: Egypt's 'Smooth Military Coup' Protested. Last Suspect In 1995 Sarin Attack Arrested In Tokyo. Forest Boy Is A Hoax, Police Say. Prosecutors Rest Their Case In Sandusky Sex Assaults Trial. (Philadelphia Inquirer) Britain Proposes Expanding Individual Data Tracking, Critics Slam Its Intrusiveness. (Telegraph) Democracy Activist Aung San Suu Kyi Falls Ill Briefly, Resumes European Tour. (Reuters) Spain's Debt Rises Sharply In The First Quarter, Up 30 Percentage Points Since 2008. (Wall Street Journal) International Criminal Court Swears In Gambian Lawyer As Top Prosecutor, First Woman To Hold Position. (CNN) China To Launch First Female Astronaut Into Space Tomorrow. (AP) Tropical Storm Carlotta Poised To Become Hurricane Off Mexico's Pacific Coast. (AP) In Sports: Tiger Tied For Second, Miami Ties Up NBA Finals.


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Question: India Orders Nestlé To Stop Selling Some Noodle Soup Products

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After wrestling with India's regulatory bodies over the safety of some of its products, Nestlé India says it will abide by a ban and pull its noodle soup products from shelves. "The trust of our consumers and the safety of our products is our first priority," the company said in a statement on Friday. "Unfortunately, recent developments and unfounded concerns about the product have led to an environment of confusion for the consumer, to such an extent that we have decided to withdraw the product off the shelves, despite the product being safe." India's Food Safety and Standards Authority said that the soups were "unsafe and hazardous for human consumption" because testing found that the lead content in some Maggi soups samples was about seven times higher than is permissible. Nestlé argued that Indian authorities had not tested the samples properly. The Financial Times reports:  "According to the FSSAI, Indian authorities have found the lead levels in the seasoning exceed legal standards, while Nestlé argued the lead levels should be measured as percentage of the product's total content, including the noodles — a perspective authorities have rejected. "'The prescribed standards have to be applied in respect of each of these two components independently,' the FSSAI order said. "Even before the national ban, four states on Thursday — Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Uttarakhand and Jammu & Kashmir — banned sales, following the lead of New Delhi's city government, which stopped sales for 15 days."  The BBC has a bit of background on the Maggi stronghold in India:  "Maggi has an 80% share of India's instant noodle market and has been branded the third staple alongside rice and lentils. "The instant noodles arrived in India in 1983 and can be found in corner shops across the country. "Nestle's relationship with India dates back to 1912, when it launched in the country as The Nestle Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company (Export)."

Good Wednesday morning, here are our early stories: Sometimes 'The Lord Seemed To Sleep,' Pope Says In Farewell. Reports: U.S. Eyeing 'Direct' Aid to Syrian Rebels, Though Not Weapons. And here are more early headlines: Americans Assign Political Blame For Looming Budget Cuts. (ABC) Winter Storms Bring Midwest Flooding, Northeast Snow. (NBC) Iran Agrees To More Nuclear Talks With Six Nations. (New York Times) Deadly Shooting At Switzerland Factory. (BBC) Car Bomb Strikes Northern Mali Town, Killing Several People. (Reuters) Taliban Militants Poison Afghan Police, Civilians, Then Fire On Them. (AP) Ill. Candidates Picked For Election To Fill Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr.'s Seat. (Chicago Tribune) IKEA Now Pulling Sausages From European Stores After 'Indications' Of Horsemeat. (AP)


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "The country must be preparing for the three-day weekend ahead. Not too much urgent breaking news so far today.  Peter Overby is on hand in the trial of David Safavian, former government official accused of lying to investigators in connection to the Jack Abramoff case.  Two foreign chiefs, England's Blair and Mexico's Fox, are still visiting. Fox is out west and Blair is at Georgetown University, probably still answering questions from the Bush/Blair mea culpa press conference last night...  There was a lot of talk this morning about following up on the significance of yesterday's guilty verdicts in the Enron trial.  And the Senate has confirmed Gen. Michael Hayden to lead the CIA.  But for what may be lacking in urgent news, there seem to be a host of fascinating enterprising stories on their way for today's shows and throughout the weekend:  The science desk is looking into a new study about whether marijuana causes cancer.  News and Notes is planning to examine what happens to stars when their 15 minutes of fame is over. They'll be using a rapper from the group Arrested Development as a case in point. Once a Grammy winner, the artist seemingly disappeared, but it turns out he, like many former U.S. celebs, is a huge celebrity in Japan with many more years of celebrity to milk.  And we're planning a story for today on new ring tones for phones and text message devices that only teens can hear. The theory is that as we get older, we lose our ability to hear high frequency sounds. Using the high-pitched ring tones, kids can alert each other to messages without alerting adults, like teachers. Editors talked about the need to play a sample of the ring tones on air -- until it was astutely noted that most NPR listeners, if they're anything like everyone in the 9:30 meeting, will hear only silence. They're going to give it a try anyway, and hope people don't think our satellites broke."]" == "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "NPR News Agenda from the Friday Editors' Meeting"]"

San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: The New Pornographers in Concert: 10/27/2007

The New Pornographers in concert. With host Bob Boilen. With stunning vocals from Neko Case and playfully cerebral narratives from songwriters Dan Bejar and A.C. Newman, the Canadian band The New Pornographers is virtually peerless in the world of power-pop and indie-rock.  Hear them recorded live from Washington, D.C.'s 9:30 Club originally webcast on NPR.org October 27, 2007.

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Stories: 1) When 10 Won't Do: David Edelstein's Top 13 Films 2) In Case You Missed It: Events And Trends Of 2009 3) Ken Tucker's Top 10 Recordings Of 2009


Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

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Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: Teachers Voice Concern Over Budget Cuts

Public school teachers have been feeling the effects of measures by states and cities, to deal with their budget deficits. In some parts of the country, thousands of educators have been laid off, taken steep pay cuts and lost benefits, along with their right to collective bargaining. But, as the debate around education cuts continues, teachers say their voices are not being heard.  In a roundtable discussion, guest host Farai Chideya hears from three teachers from Wisconsin, Ohio and California about how the cutbacks are affecting their work and the children they teach.

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Question: Being Good Students In Sherman, Texas

Before coming to Austin College, I hosted some bake sales and donated the proceeds to make a difference. Only after joining the student-led Service Station did I realize: To serve others, all I need is my heart. The Service Station is the campus hub of organized service activities — including Alternative Spring Break, Great Day of Service, the environmentally focused GreenServe, as well as individual projects. Last year students logged more than 13,000 hours of service. For me, the joy of a child's smile during a community educational program is worth an early alarm on a Saturday morning. Akshara Vivekananthan is majoring in communication studies and psychology. The local station is KERA.

Stories: 1) Venturing Inside Bellevue's Psychiatric ER 2) Capitalism's Paradoxes, Writ Personal On Film


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Question: Iraq's Shaky Economy Poses Threat To Future

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The United States has often proclaimed that a major goal of its efforts in Iraq is to bring about a "free and prosperous" country. But Iraq's economy remains mired in a pattern that is not much different from that of the Saddam Hussein regime. Most salary-paying jobs in Iraq come from the government, rather than the private sector, and government revenues are overwhelmingly dependent on oil. Iraqi entrepreneurs say red tape and corruption make it difficult to start a private business. An American economist says that is an unsustainable situation that is driving Iraq's economy to the brink of collapse. On a recent Monday morning, the trading floor of the Iraqi stock exchange is packed with men watching the progress of their shares on widescreen TVs. The director of the exchange, Taha Abdul-Salam, is proud of his operation. It remains small, with slightly more than 70 companies traded on volume worth about $2 million a day. But that is a big leap from the first session in 2004, when about $150,000 changed hands and prices were scrawled on the board by hand. Abdul-Salam wants to keep up that growth, but he has a problem: It is difficult to bring new businesses onto the exchange because very few are being formed. He says one major problem is unclear and unnecessarily complex regulation. "How can you invite people to invest in your country? By preparing them very clear regulation," he says. The process of setting up a business in Iraq requires 11 procedures, at 11 different ministries, says Frank Gunter, a professor of economics at Lehigh University. On average, Gunter says, it takes 77 days and costs about $2,800 in fees alone — and that assumes you have good legal advice. Gunter studied Iraq's business climate as the senior civilian economic adviser to the U.S. military in Iraq from 2008 to 2009. He cites a recent study by the World Bank that measures the cost and ease of starting a business in 183 countries. Iraq scored close to the bottom, at 153. Gunter argues that support for private business is a national security issue for Iraq. The Iraqi government now provides jobs, either directly or indirectly, for about 50 percent of the workforce. That was at least temporarily affordable when high oil prices fattened Iraq's revenues. Now, with prices down, Gunter says the situation will get worse because each year, about 250,000 young Iraqis enter the job market. "If they don't find jobs, then these young Iraqis, mostly men, mostly young, mostly uneducated, become a recruiting pool for the criminal gangs, for the insurgency, the militias that work for the religious and political groups," he says. Gunter says Iraq's business climate contributes to its other major problem: corruption. In a recent survey by Transparency International, Iraq ranked fifth from the bottom, making it one of the most corrupt countries in the world. "Because the regulatory environment is so hostile, it forces businesses to be corrupt to survive. Some of the survey data we did in Iraq shows that many small businesses pay 20 or 40 percent of all their costs in bribes," he says. Gunter says a step in the right direction would be for Iraq to adopt a commercial code more like those of Saudi Arabia or Kuwait, which rank in the top one-third of business-friendly countries. Iraq's planning minister, Ali Baban, says he is not ready to accept Gunter's diagnosis that Iraq's economy is on the brink of collapse, but he admits the situation is dire. Baban says unless the government hurries to support the productive sectors — industry and agriculture — it will be in a situation that "no one will envy." Gunter says he is not without hope. His time in Iraq has taught him respect for the country's entrepreneurial tradition. "I argue that anybody who can survive as a small businessman in the underground economy in Baghdad is the ultimate entrepreneur," he says.

Good morning. Our first posts today were about: -- Release  Of American Hikers Not Imminent, Iran's Judiciary Says. -- Democrats  Suffer 'Demoralizing' Defeats In New York And Nevada. -- Inside  Kabul Siege Site:Attackers' Bodies, Walls Riddled With Bullet Holes. Other stories making headlines include: -- "Obama Approval Plummets On Jobs Plan," Poll Signals. (Bloomberg News) -- "Moody's Downgrades Ratings For Two French Banks." (The Associated Press) -- "Palestinians Face Mounting Pressure To Drop U.N. Statehood Bid." (The Guardian) -- "U.S. Scrambles To Avert Palestinian Vote At U.N." (The New York Times)


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Question: Linguist Geoff Nunberg

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Linguist Geoff Nunberg tracks the evolution of the word "protest."

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...Ted Talk, Slow Bern, Queen B Stings


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Question: Former FBI Director Comey Weighs In On DOJ's Inspector General Report

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NPR's Ari Shapiro talks with James Comey, who was director of the FBI when the inquiry into Russian interference in the 2016 election began, about an inspector general report on the inquiry's origins.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Putin Sees U.S. And Russia Working Together To Fight ISIS. -- Reports: FBI Arrests Turing Pharmaceuticals CEO Shkreli On Fraud Charges. -- LISTEN: Voices Of Baltimore Protesters In The Wake Of a Mistrial. -- Cheap Trick, Deep Purple, N.W.A. Picked For 2016 Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame Class. And here are more early headlines: House Lawmakers To Vote Friday On Huge Spending Bill. (The Hill) Defense Secretary Carter Used Personal Email For Some Government Work. (CBS) Switzerland Freezes Money Linked To Soccer Organization, FIFA. (Reuters) Greece Warns It May End Up Holding Thousands Of Migrants. (Financial Times) Confusion Over Whether Libya's Rival Governments Will Sign Treaty. (Guardian) Justice Department Opens Chicago Police Probe, To Meet Mayor. (USA Today)


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Question: Don't Miss: Scott Joplin Reincarnated

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Here, for you, I present the glory of National Public Radio. First, where else can you hear Scott Joplin's artful piano playing, almost a century after the ragtime master's death? His ghost lives on in player piano rolls that Joplin himself might have made. NPR lets you hear the rolls and asks the musical question: Did Joplin really tickle those ivories? I can almost hear you skeptics saying to your screens, "Too easy, that's a story made for radio." Well, listen to this: Wade Goodwyn's piece from the Enron trial in Houston (what I like to call "the Skilling Grilling") was riveting, compelling and surprising -- and didn't include one single piece of audio other than Goodwyn himself. In other words (as we like to say around here), Wade successfully "pulled a Totenberg:" using good storytelling to fill in for sounds he couldn't get from a closed courtroom.  Again, I say, hooray for radio!

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Stories: 1) How High Court Could Change If Stevens Retires 2) Hilary Hahn: Violin And Voices Entwined In Bach


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Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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For instance, <<['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Golfer Justin Rose was playing at a golf tournament in Louisiana and his ball went into the water. He took off his pants and shoes and stepped into the water to hit it out.']>>  to <<['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Golfer Removes His Pants (For A Legitimate Reason)']>>

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Governor Napolitano on Here and Now

Governor Napolitano joined Steve Goldstein on KJZZ's Here and Now.  As part of her usual monthly visit, she talked about issues facing the state, campaign politics and answered listener comments and questions as well.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Washington's Weiner; Sarah Palin's Mystery Tour; A Good Reason to Hang up the Phone.


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Question: Julian Lage Trio: Tiny Desk Concert

You hear a lot about young prodigies in jazz. That's understandable: Jazz prizes skill, and any teenager who can tear it up like the big boys and girls is usually worth a smile and nod. But usually, you can safely make a note to yourself to check in about that kid in, say, 10 years. It's one thing to emulate the masters' technique. It's another to develop an original style, the way your heroes did. Guitarist Julian Lage, 23, was once called a prodigy. He was a cute kid, true. But lately, he's also been playing in bands of master musicians — among them Gary Burton, Eric Harland and Mark O'Connor. There's also the matter of Lage's distinct sound. He plays an electric guitar, which sounds almost like an acoustic, and he tends toward folky, pastoral lines, but with a bite. When Lage released his debut album two years ago, even hardened jazz cynics took notice: He had ideas, too. When Lage recently came for a one-nighter in Washington, D.C., he brought only bassist Jorge Roeder and percussionist Tupac Mantilla. (His usual quintet is a bit unusual, adding a saxophonist and a cellist.) Collectively, the three are soft-spoken and friendly, and they're stellar musicians, too. At the NPR Music offices, they treated us to songs that haven't yet been commercially recorded — the opening tune "Welcoming Committee" and the closing untitled number, harvested from a little online experiment wherein Lage challenged himself to write a song a day for 30 days. ("The first 23 suuucked," he joked.) In between, there's the gentle whisk and country-road twang of "However," which appears on the Julian Lage Group's 2011 sophomore album, Gladwell. The three looked intently at each other throughout this Tiny Desk Concert, with the sort of push-and-pull group interaction that brought a near-constant smile to each of their faces. There was plenty of concentration wrapped up in that, of course; before we started rolling tape, the three grabbed each other's hands in a circle for a brief moment of meditative clarity. But then they had some fun. Set List  "Welcoming Committee" "However" "Untitled (No. 24)"  Credits Filmed and edited by Michael Katzif; audio by Kevin Wait; photo by Mito Habe-Evans/NPR

A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]


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Question: The 150 Greatest Albums Made By Women

100. Buffy Sainte-MarieIt's My Way! (Vanguard Records, 1964) Buffy Sainte-Marie, who was born into the Cree Tribe in Canada, released her debut album, It's My Way! in 1964. The cover photo showed Sainte-Marie herself with a mouth bow — an image that was at once foreign, innocent, and intense, and a mere foretelling of the depths contained within the music. From the power of her warbling voice on "Cod'ine" to the insistence with which she commanded the lyrics on "Now That the Buffalo's Gone," It's My Way! is unusual, urgent debut oozing with an anger barely contained. While the album didn't hit it big on the charts, its influence goes far beyond it, with dozens of artists — including Janis Joplin, Glen Campbell, Roberta Flack and Joni Mitchell — covering her songs over the years. It's My Way! also launched Sainte-Marie's remarkable career; she continues to break new ground as the decades pass (she released an early electronic album, Illuminations, in 1969) while maintaining steadfast roots in advocacy for indigenous peoples of the Americas. —Jessie Scott (WMOT)  99. Taylor SwiftFearless (Big Machine Records, 2008) No listenership is cast aside with the same fervent damnation as young women—their interests are frequently written off with complete critical derision. Challenging that notion is best accomplished by being too damn good (and confident in that excellence) to ignore. So goes the success of the then-teenage Taylor Swift, a Nashville-via-Pennsylvania talent whose ideation reached its full fruition on Fearless, a self-written country-pop album of immeasurable catchiness. In "Fifteen," she writes from a place of newfound maturity, adopting a big sister role for those most affected by being young and vulnerable (everyone). In "Love Song," fantasy is grounded in intimate reality, a Romeo & Juliet metaphor imbued with restraint — she avoids grandiose gestures and instead offers timeless confessions. Fearless manages to play to Taylor's admiration for her female pop forbearers (Sheryl Crow is mentioned in interviews), the narrative songwriting of the country music she grew up on and her own personal hybridity. At its simplest, Fearless displays Swift as a brilliant songwriter. At its truest, the album shines with an explosive voice, an ineffable gift. No one can question Swift's success now, and Fearless proved it then. Just ask a girl. —Maria Sherman (Contributor)  98. Bikini KillYeah Yeah Yeah Yeah (Kill Rock Stars, 1993) In the 1990s, feminism's third wave had a soundtrack. Riot grrl — the raucous, scathing brand of women's punk rock — decried sexism, racism and homophobia, demanded justice for the oppressed and celebrated solidarity among women and girls. Its personification was the rebel girl, described in a song of the same name from Olympia, Washington's Bikini Kill; she is the "queen of the neighborhood" who spurns the male gaze and embodies revolution. The song "Rebel Girl" first appeared on Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah, a split album Bikini Kill did with British riot grrl band Huggy Bear. Recorded in a D.C. punk house called The Embassy, it's less polished than the band's studio releases. But in that process, it celebrates its homemade veneer instead of shying away from it. Over the course of Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah's seven original songs (and those that were added in 2014's reissue), singer Kathleen Hanna takes aim at sexist oppression with terrifying force, rage and precision. These songs gave immediate, unfiltered language to a generation of young women who were ready to shout down rapists, who knew that their struggles were interconnected and who believed that women were stronger together. In Hanna's many voices through Yeah Yeah Yeah Yeah -- the Valley Girl-esque whine, the punk bark, the rock and roll howl — refracted the diverse needs and desires of a new movement, opening the doors for any grrl angry enough to walk through. —Marissa Lorusso (NPR Music)   97. Mariah CareyDaydream (Columbia Records, 1995) Mariah Carey could have become a glitter-laden version of the '80s pop princess who ruled the decade before, Whitney Houston. Instead, Carey and her six-octave spanning pipes smashed the "Best New Artist" Grammy curse and sashayed off with the rest of the '90s, scoring a No. 1 hit nearly every year that decade. Daydream, released in 1995, was the fifth album into that run. The lead single "Fantasy" is a dreamy party-starter that, in part thanks to a remix featuring Ol' Dirty Bastard, came to define a whole genre of singles that followed its songbird plus gravelly-voiced rapper formula, a la Ja Rule and Ashanti. And on the track "One Sweet Day," all four members of Boyz II Men just barely match Carey's sole star power. Despite being one of her best-selling albums, Daydream was shut out of that year's Grammys (she lost all six categories for which she was nominated). But it proved that Carey had the creative savvy to embrace a new sound, and it established a different template for success than that of her

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Stories: 1) Colin Meloy of The Decemberists 2) Remembering Father Robert Drinan 3) The Metropolitan Opera in a Theater Near You