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Question: Democratic Presidential Hopefuls Court Union Vote

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The Democratic presidential candidates did battle Tuesday night in front of 15,000 union activists sweltering outdoors in Soldier Field in Chicago. It was a meeting of the AFL-CIO, and the issues were chosen for their importance to labor. It was dubbed a forum, not a debate. But apparently nobody told the candidates.  All night long most of the candidates went back and forth between making small snipes at each other and fashioning applause lines from their most pro-labor views. Here is Barack Obama with a twofer. He slams untempered globalization — a big theme for all the candidates here — and simultaneously jabs at Hillary Clinton, who this past weekend said she will take money from corporate lobbyists.   "Globalization, right now, is creating winners and losers," Obama said. "But the problem is it's the same winners and the same losers each and every time. And we've got to mix it up and that does mean by the way that you've got to have a president in the White House who is not subject to whims of corporate lobbyists." Get it: Hillary Clinton, he is saying, would be subject to the whims of corporate lobbyists.  Clinton struck back later in a discussion of U.S. involvement in Pakistan. She referred to some recent comments by Obama, saying he might unilaterally attack al-Qaida in Pakistan without that government's permission.   "You can think big," Clinton said, "but remember you shouldn't always say everything you think if you're running for president because it can have consequences around the world." Obama, Clinton is saying, does not understand that his words have consequences around the world. This echoes much criticism of Obama, that he is a bit young and inexperienced, especially on international issues.   In fact, much of what Clinton and Obama said had little relation to the core concerns of the AFL-CIO. They talked about Iraq and al-Qaida. They did speak to labor's issues — health care, trade, workplace standards — but they largely spoke in generalities.   It was two other candidates — John Edwards and Dennis Kucinich — who spoke most directly to this audience. Edwards — the wealthiest of the candidates — made clear that he is, at heart, a working man and that Clinton is more of a corporate type. In fact, he referred to a recent Fortune magazine cover story about Clinton.   "The one thing you can count on is you will never see a picture of me on the front of Fortune magazine saying I am the candidate that big corporate America is betting on," Edwards said. Edwards probably had the most to gain and the most to lose at the debate. His campaign has focused especially hard on getting union support. Analysts say unions are essential for his hopes of a high showing in early primaries.   While some unions do seem likely to endorse Edwards, other union leaders have suggested they will support Clinton, because they have known her longer and think she is more electable.   If electability were not an issue, it is easy to imagine Dennis Kucinich getting the lion's share of union votes. In almost any other setting, his views might be too radical, but here, he got the loudest and longest applause of the night. "It's time to get out of NAFTA and the WTO and have trade that's based on workers rights — the right to organize, the right to collective bargaining, the right to strike, the right to decent benefits and on and on. I'm here as the workers candidate," Kucinich said. The AFL-CIO leadership meets Wednesday to discuss a possible endorsement. RENEE MONTAGNE, host:  The Democratic presidential candidates took each other on last night in Chicago in front of 17,000 union activists sweltering outdoors in Soldier Field. The AFL-CIO sponsored the gathering and chose issues important to labor. It was dubbed a forum, not a debate, though apparently nobody told the candidates.  NPR's Adam Davidson was there.  ADAM DAVIDSON: All night long, most of the candidates went back and forth between making small snipes at each other and fashioning applause lines from their most pro-labor views.  Here's Barack Obama with a twofer. He slams untempered globalization, a big theme for all the candidates here, and simultaneously jabs at Hillary Clinton, who this past weekend said she will take money from corporate lobbyists.  Senator BARACK OBAMA (Democrat, Illinois): Globalization right now is creating winners and losers, but the problem is it's the same winners and the same losers each and every time. And we've got to mix it up, and that does mean, by the way, that you've got to have a president in the White House who is not subject simply to the whims of corporate lobbyists.  DAVIDSON: Get it? Hillary Clinton, he's saying, would be subject to the whims of corporate lobbyists. Clinton struck back later in a discussion of U.S. involvement in Pakistan. She referred to some recent comments by Obama saying he might unilaterally attack al-Qaida in Pakistan without that government's permission.  Senator HILLARY CLINTON (Democrat, New York

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Given ['Represent', 'Actress GENA ROWLANDS (jen-ah'], a positive would be ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', 'Actress GENA ROWLANDS (jen-ah...roe-lenz). She won acclaim for her performance in "A Woman Under the Influence" and "Gloria." ROWLANDS collaborated with her late husband, actor/screenwriter/and director, John Cassavetes for thirty years.  ROWLANDS is starring in the new film "Unhook the Stars"(Miramax Films) in which she plays Mildred, a middle-aged woman who finds herself at a crucial turning point in her life. The film was written and directed by ROWLAND\'S son, Nick Cassavetes. (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW'] & a negative would be ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth:', 'From her 1990 release of 18th-century French harpsichord music, Linda Kobler plays "The March of the Scythians" by Joseph-Nicholas-Pancrace Royer (zhoh-sef-nee-koh-lah-pah(n)-krahss rwah-YAY). (MHS 419553F)']

Question: 1. Voices In The News

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A sound montage of a few prominent voices in this past week's news, including Commander Allen Fulmer of the San Diego County Sheriff's Department; an unidentified female member of the Heaven's Gate cult; Marshall Herff Applewhite, founder and leader of the Heaven's Gate Cult; Comedian Billy Crystal at the 69th Academy Awards and Oscar winners Jessica Yu, Juliette Binoche (bih-NOH-SH) and Cuba Gooding, Jr.

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Students In Parkland Prepare To Return To Class

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This week, students will return to class at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla., after the deadly shooting there on Feb. 14. But some kids aren't sure they want to go back.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: 1812: The War That Forged A Nation

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Guest: Walter R. Borneman, Writer (archive from 10/25/04)

Episode # 1983 Inventing the newspaper in seventeenth-century England.


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Question: Behind Bankers' Pay: 'Instability, Greed And Selfishness'

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In a recent letter, the CEO of a London investment group paints an unflattering picture of pay in "the City," London's version of Wall Street. Barry Olliff, of the City of  London Investors' Group, points to three factors that are key at most firms:  Instability, because the existing system seems to be broken. Turnover  of staff around the City implies that employees do not get job  satisfaction and / or that existing remuneration packages do not create  loyalty. Greed, the City is made up of many selfish people who are  encouraged by management, and management's approach to remuneration, to  develop egotistical tendencies. This culture of greed, in my opinion,  manifests itself often via a lack of risk awareness, poor team spirit  and significant key man risk. Selfishness creates an attitude of negotiation at the point of salary,  bonus and option notification. ...  Read More: Alpha males need not apply Not surprisingly, he says that they do things differently at his firm. He says that the firm doesn't negotiate employee salaries -- and adds that they're not looking for a bunch of stereotypical alpha-male bankers:  ... it is better to appoint decent people, who can  genuinely work in a team environment, than appoint just No. 1's. We often  say, better to appoint a good No. 2 who is a decent person than a No. 1 who  is greedy, political and does not consider the maintenance and  development of the brand.  Hat tip: FT Alphaville

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To give you a sense - "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth.', 'Larry Thomas reviews the new George Clooney film, Michael Clayton.']" should be close to "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'The Big Screen from 91.7 WVXU']"

Stories: 1) Journalist Reports On 'Life, Death And The Taliban' 2) Of 'Public' Options And 'Government' Plans


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Question: Trump Blames Democrats For Migrant Caravan Pushing Into Mexico

represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr Given ['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Forget that famous but dinky little skating rink in New York's Rockefeller Center. And forget the warm climate in Mexico City. A giant outdoor skating rink opened this month in Mexico's capital. And it accommodates an average of 1,000 skaters per hour.  The city found a way to keep the ice frozen, but after that, people are on their own. Thousands of spectators in the grandstands watch the novice skaters fall. STEVE INSKEEP, host:  Good morning. I'm Steve Inskeep.  Forget that famous but dinky little skating rink in New York's Rockefeller Center. And forget the warm climate in Mexico City.  Mexico's capital is the scene of a giant outdoor skating rink. It opened this month. And it accommodates an average of 1,000 skaters per hour. The city found a way to keep the ice frozen, but after that, people are on their own. Thousands of spectators in the grandstands watch novice skaters fall.  It's MORNING EDITION."], a positive would be ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth:', 'Mexico City Opens Giant Ice Skating Rink']

President Trump blamed Democrats Monday morning for a “caravan” of thousands of mainly Honduran migrants attempting to reach the U.S. USA Today immigration reporter Alan Gomez (@alangomez) joins Here & Now‘s Peter O’Dowd to discuss why migrants are on the move now and who benefits politically from their actions.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- More Than Twice As Many Women Are Running For Congress In 2018 Compared To 2016. -- Trump Endorses Romney For U.S. Senate, But Does It Signal Détente? -- Maduro Calls Out President Trump On Twitter, Requesting 'Dialogue'. -- MLB Sets New Rules To Speed Up The Game.  -- Canadians Burn Up The Ice, Shib Sibs Win Bronze In 'Incredible' Ice Dance Final. And here are more early headlines: Record Heat, Flooding And Snow In Store For U.S. (USA Today) Intense Syrian Bombing Kills Scores Of Civilians. (Guardian) Florida Students Going To State Capitol To Lobby for Gun Control. (Tallahassee.com) Thai Court Awards Custody Of 13 Children To Man Who Turned To Surrogacy. (Telegraph) Venezuela Launching Crypto Currency, "The Petro". (Bloomberg)


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------

E.g. ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'The News Roundup — International'] == ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'COVID-19 continues to challenge countries around the world.\xa0In Italy, a rising death toll\xa0forced all schools to close. Along with China and Italy, Iran has also been hit hard by the disease and is now under scrutiny for its handling of outbreaks. Secret footage has leaked showing body bags lining a medical facility suggesting the situation is more dire in Iran. Still, World Health Organization chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus says coronavirus can be contained. Meanwhile, the state of the global economy remains fluid as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development warns that coronavirus could cut global economic growth in half. Some experts say the disease could cost the global box office $5 billion as the release of the new James Bond film is postponed. Fears over further outbreaks have already led to canceled concerts and sporting events around the world. And a peace deal between the U.S and the Taliban remains in limbo only days after it was signed. Since then, the Taliban has continued assaults on Afghanistan security forces which has prompted a defensive drone strike by the U.S.\xa0It remains to be seen how Taliban fighters will hold up their end of the deal. You can also listen to a more in-depth conversation about that deal here. We cover those stories and more as we wrap up the global news that made headlines this week.'] != ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven."]

Question: Justice Department Called On To Investigate Alabama Voter ID Issue

Alabama closed 31 part-time driver's license offices last week due to budget cuts. That leaves many rural residents without a place to obtain driver's licenses — licenses that double as voter IDs.

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Question: Should We All Be Wearing Masks In Public? Health Experts Revisit The Question

Updated March 31, 8:25 p.m. ET A few months ago, it may have seemed silly to wear a face mask during a trip to the grocery store. And in fact, the mainline public health message in the U.S. from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has been that most people don't need to wear masks. But as cases of the coronavirus have skyrocketed, there's new thinking about the benefits that masks could offer in slowing the spread. The CDC says it is now reviewing its policy and may be considering a recommendation to encourage broader use.    At the moment, the CDC website says the only people who need to wear a face mask are those who are sick or are caring for someone who is sick and unable to wear a mask. But in an interview with NPR on Monday, CDC Director Robert Redfield said that the agency is taking another look at the data around mask use by the general public.  "I can tell you that the data and this issue of whether it's going to contribute [to prevention] is being aggressively reviewed as we speak," Redfield told NPR. And Tuesday, President Trump weighed in suggesting people may want to wear  scarves. "I would say do it," he said, noting that masks are needed for health care workers. "You can use scarves, you can use something else," he said. On Tuesday Dr. Deborah Birx, who serves as the White House's coronavirus response coordinator, said the task force is still discussing whether to change to the recommendation on masks. Other prominent public health experts have been raising this issue in recent days. Wearing a mask is "an additional layer of protection for those who have to go out," former FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb told NPR in an interview. It's a step you can take — on top of washing your hands and avoiding gatherings. In a paper outlining a road map to reopen the country, Gottlieb argues that the public should be encouraged to wear masks during this current period of social distancing, for the common good.  "Face masks will be most effective at slowing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 if they are widely used, because they may help prevent people who are asymptomatically infected from transmitting the disease unknowingly," Gottlieb wrote. Gottlieb points to South Korea and Hong Kong — two places that were shown to manage their outbreaks successfully and where face masks are used widely.  A prominent public health leader in China also argues for widespread use of masks in public. The director general of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, George Gao, told Science that the U.S. and Europe are making a "big mistake" with people not wearing masks during this pandemic. Specifically, he said, mask use helps tamp down the risk presented by people who may be infected but aren't yet showing symptoms. If those people wear masks, "it can prevent droplets that carry the virus from escaping and infecting others," Gao told Science.  The argument for broadening the use of face masks is based on what scientists have learned about asymptomatic spread during this pandemic.  It turns out that many people who are infected with the virus have no symptoms — or only mild symptoms.  What this means is that there's no good way to know who's infected. If you're trying to be responsible when you go out in public, you may not even know that you're sick and may be inadvertently shedding the virus every time you talk with someone, such as a grocery store clerk. "If these asymptomatic people could wear face masks, then it could be helpful to reduce the transmission in the community," says Elaine Shuo Feng, an infectious disease epidemiology researcher at the Oxford Vaccine Group at the University of Oxford. Given the reality of asymptomatic spread, masks may be a good socially responsible insurance policy, Gottlieb argues. "[Wearing masks] protects other people from getting sick from you," he says. But there is still a big concern about mask shortages in the United States. A survey released Friday from the U.S. Conference of Mayors finds that about 92% of 213 cities did not have an adequate supply of face masks for first responders and medical personnel.  At this point, experts emphasize that the general public needs to leave the supply of N95 medical masks to health care workers who are at risk every day when they go to work.  And supplies are also tight for surgical masks, the masks used everywhere from dentists' offices to nail salons and that are even handcrafted. "We need to be very mindful that the supply chain for masks is extremely limited right now," Gottlieb says. "So you really don't want to pull any kind of medical masks out of the system."   Given current shortages, it may be too soon to tell the general public to start wearing surgical masks right now. "We certainly don't have enough masks in health care," says William Schaffner, an infectious disease expert at Vanderbilt University. "I wouldn't want people to go out and buy them now, because we don't want to siphon them off from health care." Whe

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: Author Iris Chang Dies

Iris Chang, historian and author of the bestselling nonfiction book The Rape of Nanking, dies in California of apparent suicide at age 36. We revisit a conversation with Chang from 2003.

Stories: 1) Sheryl Crow, Gracefully Navigating 'Detours' 2) Novelist Susan Choi, Creating 'A Person of Interest'


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Question: New John Lennon Biopic Coming

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A new film about John Lennon's childhood is due out late this December. Nowhere Boy, from Bob and Harvey Weinstein, is based on the book Imagine This: Growing Up With My Brother John Lennon by Lennon's half-sister, Julia Baird. The story follows Lennon's early childhood into his teen years, his friendship with Paul McCartney and first steps toward becoming a megastar. Kristin Scott Thomas plays the aunt who raised Lennon, while British actor Aaron Johnson plays Lennon. Thomas Sangster fills the role of Paul McCartney. Sangster is right-handed and is reportedly learning how to play the guitar with his left hand, like McCartney. The British electro-rock duo Goldfrapp is scoring Nowhere Boy. Producers are also negotiating with Yoko Ono for the right to use some of Lennon's songs in the film. Here's the trailer:

Stories: 1) Beatle Paul McCartney Remembers John Lennon 2) Cynthia Lennon Reflects On Life With John 3) Ringo Starr Remembers John Lennon 4) Uncovering The 'Truth' Behind Lennon's FBI Files 5) 'Tamara' And 'Funny Story': Uneasy, But Amusing


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Question: Why free security software is your best bet

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For example, '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'In 2007, Robert Rodriguez and Quentin Tarantino\'s Grindhouse, a loving homage to violent, low-budget exploitation cinema, was met with box-office indifference. Most moviegoers couldn\'t get excited about seeing a big-budget recreation of obscure, amateurish cult films they\'d likely never encountered much in the first place. Why spend over three hours in a theater watching a double feature of movies that seemed to aspire to something awful? Because they\'re also an awful lot of fun. That was the directors\' answer then, and Rodriguez (co-directing here with longtime editor Ethan Maniquis) continues to have a blast with Machete, which he first introduced as one of the fake trailers that came packaged with Grindhouse. That movie may have tanked, but it didn\'t dissuade the resolutely do-it-yourself director from finally realizing his dream of making a movie starring perennial tough-guy Danny Trejo as an intimidating, blade-wielding ex-Federale. Despite Machete\'s status as the best cop Mexico has ever known, he ends up on the losing end of a battle with Torrez, a crime lord played by action-flick legend Steven Seagal (gamely mocking his own Zen tough-guy persona). After the failed mission costs him his job and his family, Machete winds up an illegal alien on the streets of Austin, Texas, looking for work as a day laborer. A rich, mysterious stranger (Jeff Fahey) coerces him under threat of deportation to gun down a conservative state senator (Robert De Niro) running for re-election on a staunch anti-immigration platform. But a double-cross leaves a revenge-minded Machete on the run from a by-the-books immigration officer (Jessica Alba) and a pack of gun-toting Minutemen (led by Don Johnson), aided only by his Catholic priest brother (Cheech Marin) and an underground network led by Michelle Rodriguez\'s revolutionary "She." Machete shares the same trashy aesthetic as the exploitation films it self-consciously apes: bloody, near-cartoonish violence, a ludicrous plot, scenery-chewing performances and hammy dialogue. But Rodriguez and co-writer Alvaro Rodriguez infuse it with a self-awareness that builds on the inherent (but usually unintended) humor of those movies. This isn\'t a spoof, but Rodriguez knows how to push every scene just far enough over the top to make it funny without entering completely silly territory. That tone is established from the very start, when Machete raids a criminal hideout and begins separating heads and limbs from bodies with brutal efficiency and maximum splatter. But when the situation calls for a gun? He uses one that belonged to one of the dismembered thugs — with the previous owner\'s hand still attached. Machete works because at no time does it ever ask the audience to take any of this too seriously, yet the nudges and winks are never so forceful that it feels like it\'s begging for your laughter. Every actor here is a straight man (or woman), letting the script and the directors create the gags for them. That\'s not to say that the movie is necessarily one big joke. Rodriguez takes dead aim at the anti-immigration movement via the violent xenophobia of De Niro\'s senator, Johnson\'s militia and the casual stereotyping of illegal aliens. As a political statement, Machete is more a hammer than the titular blade. But Rodriguez\'s mandate wasn\'t to make a subtle, nuanced film. The exploitation template at work here requires only a wild, fun ride, and by those raw standards, the movie delivers.(Recommended)']' should be close to '['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details.', "'Machete': Out Of The 'Grindhouse,' Trailer First"]'

Rob Pegoraro of the Washington Post says a patchwork quilt of free and cheap security software probably beats any expensive suite from the likes of Symantec, McAfee and Trend Micro.

A bug called Heartbleed has revealed a hole in one of the most popular encryption programs online. Tech professionals are working on other ways to protect your data beside needing a password.


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Question: FAA Expected To Gain Flexibility On Budget Cuts

The Senate has passed a bill to give the Department of Transportation more flexibility in how it makes the mandatory cuts of the sequester. Hundreds of flights were delayed this week after the FAA furloughed air traffic controllers, setting off a political storm.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Acting FBI Boss To Take Comey's Place At Senate Intel Hearing. -- Workers Take Jefferson Davis Statue Off Its Pedestal In New Orleans. -- Ex-Massey Energy CEO Completes 1-Year Federal Criminal Sentence. -- Dissident Rebels In Colombia Ignore Peace Treaty And Continue Extortion. And here are more early headlines: Tillerson Joins Arctic Nations Officials Meeting In Alaska. (AP) Montana Glaciers Shrinking At Tremendous Rate. (USGS) Venzuelan Protesters Fling Feces At Government Forces. (Washington Post) Energy Department To Study Tunnel Cave-In At Nuclear Waste Site. (NBC) VA Chief Says More Time Needed To End Veteran Homelessness. (AP) Boeing Halts New Plane Delivery To Test Potential Engine Problem. (Seattle Times)


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Question: Film critic John Powers

Film critic John Powers reviews the new David Lynch film, Mulholland Drive.

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With a special birthday hello for Charlton Heston, Luke Burbank's Hollywood hero.


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Question: From A Recently Released

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From a recently released CD, the final movement of the Concerto in E major for flute, oboe and viola by Georg Philipp Telemann is performed by the Vienna Academy, conducted by Martin Haselbock (HAH-sel-bohk). (Novalis 150 115-2)

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Maybe You Should Skip That Annual Physical

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It's a warm afternoon in Miami, and 35-year-old Emanuel Vega has come to Baptist Health Primary Care for a physical exam. Dr. Mark Caruso shakes his hand with a welcoming smile. Vega, a strapping man with a thick black beard, is feeling good, but he came to see the doctor today because his wife thought he should. She even made the appointment. It is free to him under his insurance policy with no copay, as most preventive care is under the Affordable Care Act. Vega is one of more than 44 million Americans who is taking part in a medical ritual — visiting the doctor for an annual physical exam. But there's little evidence that these visits actually do any good for healthy adults. Caruso listens to Vega's heart and lungs, checks his pulse in his ankles and feels around his lymph nodes. He also asks Vega about his exercise and sleeping schedule and orders blood and urine tests. If everything checks out all right, Caruso says, Vega should return for another exam in a year. Vega says he definitely will. It was a positive experience for both doctor and patient. But many other doctors think the annual physical is unnecessary and can even be harmful. "I would argue that we should move forward with the elimination of the annual physical," says Dr. Ateev Mehrotra, a primary care physician and professor of health policy at Harvard Medical School. Patients should really only go to the doctor if something is wrong, Mehrotra says, or if it's time to have an important preventive test like a colonoscopy. He realizes popular opinion is against this view. "When I, as a doctor, say I do not advocate for the annual physical, I feel like I'm attacking moms and apple pie," Mehrotra says. "It seems so intuitive and straightforward, and [it's] something that's been part of medicine for such a long time." But he says randomized trials going all the way back to the 1980s just don't support it. The Society for General Internal Medicine even put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid completely for healthy adults. One problem, Mehrotra says, is the cost. Each visit usually costs insurers just $150, but with so many people getting them, that adds up fast. "We estimate that it's about $10 billion a year, which is more than we spend as a society on breast cancer care," Mehrotra says. "It's a lot of money." Then there's the risk that a doctor will run a test and find a problem that's not actually there. It's called a false positive, and it can lead to a cascade of follow-up tests that can be expensive and could cause real harm. Dr. Michael Rothberg is another primary care physician and a health researcher at the Cleveland Clinic. He tries to avoid giving physicals. "I generally don't like to frighten people, and I don't like to give them diseases they don't have," Rothberg says. "I mostly tell my family, if you're feeling well, stay away from doctors. If you get near them, they'll start to look for things and order tests because that's what doctors do." Back in Miami, Caruso is also well versed in the research on annual physicals, but he still believes in them. "I think having a look at somebody is worth its weight in gold," he says. It's an important part of developing a relationship with a patient, he says, and there have been countless times over his career when he's found real problems during an exam just like the one he gave to Emanuel Vega. "What if Mr. Vega had had a lump or bump that wasn't right?" Caruso says. "What if when he had his shirt off Mr. Vega said, 'Oh yeah, I forgot to mention this spot on my chest,' and it ended up being a melanoma we discovered early?" And Vega did end up needing a little help; he has a bad back that's landed him in the emergency room several times. Caruso was able to link him up with a back specialist to help him manage the problem. RENEE MONTAGNE, HOST:  Today in Your Health, two questions about when one should seek medical care. In a moment - why many women don't seek help during a heart attack. First, a medical ritual for millions of Americans - the annual physical, yearly prodding and poking with questions about exercise and alcohol intake. There is little evidence to show these checkups do any good for healthy adults, and they may be worth skipping altogether, as Jenny Gold reports. JENNY GOLD, BYLINE: It's a warm afternoon in Miami, and 35-year-old Emanuel Vega has come to Baptist Health Primary Care for a physical exam. He's a handsome and strapping guy with a thick, black beard and square glasses. Dr. Mark Caruso shakes his hand with a welcoming smile. MARK CARUSO: Mr. Vega, I'm Dr. Caruso, a pleasure to meet you. EMANUEL VEGA: Very nice to meet you. CARUSO: And when was your last full diagnostic? VEGA: Wow, I don't even remember - probably 12-13 years ago. GOLD: He says he didn't really feel like he needed to come in. VEGA: I am feeling good. I don't do drugs. I don't drink. My wife went ahead and made the appointment, and I was all about it. GOLD: Especially because it's

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Good Friday morning, here are our early headlines: Kerry Warns North Korea, But Holds Out Hope For Diplomacy.  Dodgers' $147 Million Ace Greinke Breaks Collarbone In Brawl.  And here are more early headlines: Deadly Spring Storm Exits Midwest, Heads South. (AP) Authorities Intercept Suspicious Package Addressed To Controversial Arizona Sheriff. (Arizona Republic) Bankruptcy Judge Rejects $20 Million Severance For American Airlines CEO. (Dallas Morning News) NASDAQ Cuts Its CEO's Bonus Over Bungled Facebook IPO. (Reuters) Venezuelans To Vote On Sunday For Chavez Successor. (Bloomberg) Bailed Out Cyprus To Ask For Fresh Financial Help. (BBC) Early American Christian Hymnal Could Fetch $30 Million At Auction. (Christian Post) Seaweed Latte, Bacon Coffee Featured At National Barista Competition. (CBS) At Masters Tournament, 14-Year-Old Golfer Plays Beyond His Years. (ESPN)


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Question: Celebrating World Music in the Borneo Jungle

This weekend, the jungle-clad foothills of Sarawak's Mount Santubong in Borneo came to life with the three-day Rainforest World Music Festival. Now in its eighth year, the event is drawing some of the best global acts and attracting 20,000 attendees annually to the east Malaysia state.

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Stories: 1) 'Wondrous Life' Explores Multinationality 2) March on the Pentagon, 40 Years Later 3) 'Chicha' Music Expands out of Peru


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Question: An Ensemble Of Musicians

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An ensemble of musicians gathered in Vail, Colorado, for the 1997 Bravo! Colorado Music Festival plays the Concerto Grosso in D, Op. 2, No. 4, by Francesco Geminiani (frahn-CHESS-koh jem-meen-YAH-nee). Festival Artistic Director Ida Kavafian takes part in the performance, recorded five nights ago in The Chapel at Beaver Creek. (Wilson Recordings)

Maps  and  Manifests, Inscribing My Name, Rosie Carson, Crosswind Reunion, Burying An Albatross, Milestones of Contemporary Art


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Question: Snow Forecast for Mountain Passes Christmas Weekend

If you're driving across Washington's Interstate 90 Snoqualmie Pass to visit friends and family this weekend, make note of this warning from the Washington State Department of Transportation: DOT officials say Saturday morning is NOT the best time to drive to grandma's house.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In China, Obama Touts Visa Deal, Progress On Free-Trade Pact. -- Bombing At Nigerian High School Kills Dozens. -- Will Jeb Bush Run For President? His Brother Says Maybe. -- Study: Detergent Pods Can Harm Children Who Play With Them. And here are more early headlines: Chinese, Japanese Leaders Meet In Ice-Breaking Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Frigid Weather Plunging South Into U.S., Brings Sub-Normal Temps. (USA Today) 3 Astronauts Return Safely From International Space Station. (CBS) Talks Extended Into Monday For Iran's Nuclear Program. (Reuters) Bombings In Afghanistan Kill Afghan Security Officers. (VOA) Survey Finds Regular Gas Prices Down 13 Cents In Last 2 Weeks. (AP)


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Question: Andrew Gillum: Governor?

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Andrew Gillum is currently the mayor of Tallahassee, Florida. But he's running for governor against Republican Ron DeSantis. The Orlando Sentinel describes their race this way: "In Republican Ron DeSantis and Democrat Andrew Gillum, Florida voters will choose between the most politically polar opposite candidates for governor in decades." The Sentinel also describes the Tallahassee mayor's role as "a largely ceremonial position." Florida made the national news this week due to Hurricane Michael, which hit the Florida panhandle. Gillum was spotted on TV filling sandbags in preparation for the storm, according to Miami's WLRN. So what makes Gillum think he's ready to be governor? If he wins, what's his plan to unite a polarized state? And does he have aspirations beyond the governor's mansion? We're checking in on a Florida governor's race that some are calling "the most interesting in recent memories."

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: In Arizona, Getting Veterinarians Into Rural Areas That Need Them Most

Arizona has hundreds of thousands of cattle and dairy cows, and only a handful of veterinarians to tend to the herds. Most vet students come out of school saddled with huge loan debt and go into lucrative family pet practices. Casey Kuhn (@CaseyAtTheDesk) from Here & Now contributor KJZZ looks at how the state and local schools are trying to get more vets into rural areas that need them.

Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music.


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Question: A Dollar Bill has Two Sides

Susan Dix Lyons and her husband have very different attitudes about money — and the tension between the two helps define who they are.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...House Keeper Wanted; Bidin' His Time; Stacked Up On The Runway.


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Question: The News Roundup — Domestic

The Food and Drug Administration fully approved the Pfizer Covid vaccine. The endorsement has caused a wave of vaccine mandates from offices, universities, and even the Pentagon. Health officials expect approvals for the Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccines later this year. Covid-19 hospitalizations and deaths hit pandemic highs in Florida as the Delta variant continues to ravage the state. Many Florida residents are still unvaccinated and Gov. Ron DeSantis continues to make it difficult for institutions to protect their communities.  The situation in Afghanistan continues to evolve. The Taliban is now in control in Kabul and has rejected an extension to the Aug. 31 deadline set by President Joe Biden for the withdrawal of some 1,500 Americans still in the country. In addition, explosions rocked areas around the airport in Kabul Thursday, killing at least a dozen U.S. service members and 60 Afghan citizens. Officials have warned of a possible terrorist threat. Injuries to civilians and Americans are expected. We cover the biggest stories from around the nation on the News Roundup.


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Question: Hundreds March On Georgia Capitol As Legislature Reconvenes

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Hundreds of protesters descended on the Georgia state capitol Monday to demand an end to systemic criminal justice failures including police brutality, voter suppression and to abolish the state's citizen arrest law.  The demonstration came as state lawmakers returned to work after the current session was halted for three months amid concern about the spread of the coronavirus.  It also comes on the heels of a tumultuous period for the state, that includes long voting lines and voting deficiencies during the state's primary election last week and the resignation of Atlanta's police chief over the weekend, following the police shooting death of a black man, Rayshard Brooks, during a DUI stop. The officer who fired the fatal shots on Friday has been fired.  Brooks' death 'amplified' urgency for march The rally, dubbed "March on Georgia," was organized by the Georgia NAACP and planned before those events transpired.  Chapter president James Woodall said on NPR's Morning Edition Monday the killing of Brooks during an encounter with police did not change the organization's message, rather "it has only amplified its urgency." "What we are marching for today is to let the world know that we are done dying," Woodall said to NPR's Steve Inskeep. "We are done allowing this kind of experience to be had in our communities." Police were called after Brooks was found asleep in a car at a Wendy's drive-through Friday night. Brooks admitted to officers he had been drinking and complied with a field sobriety test, which included a breathalyzer.  Body camera footage released by the Atlanta Police Department shows that after failing the test, a struggle broke out between Brooks and the officers trying to put handcuffs on him. In the video, he appears to grab an officer's stun gun and run away. The two officers give chase and one fires a stun gun at Brooks, who then points a stun gun back in the direction of the officers.  The now-former officer Garrett Rolfe then pulls his service weapon and fires.  As NPR reported, the Fulton County Medical Examiner confirmed on Sunday that Brooks died of gunshot wounds to his back. The report classified his death a homicide. 'I don't want to die because I'm a black man'  Inside the state capitol, a group of people locked arms in a large circle in the capitol's rotunda Monday. It was the first day the state assembly was back after abruptly suspending its session in mid-March.   The legislature now has 11 business days before the end of the session, Georgia Public Broadcasting reports. Earlier Monday, at the rally that began at the Richard B. Russell Federal Building in Atlanta before the half-mile trek to the Georgia State Capitol building, Woodall addressed protesters.  "What we have is too many leaders, elected officials who ... talk when there are people marching in the streets, and the looting, and the protests, but say nothing when our bodies and our blood is draining in our streets," Woodall said the crowd.  Many marchers were wearing face masks and holding signs that read "No Justice No Peace" and "Take His Keys Not His Life." The event was emceed by Jeezy, the Atlanta-based rapper whose hits include "Put On" and "Soul Survivor." He encouraged the crowd to show up with "the same energy and the same enthusiasm" on Election Day in the fall.  "Black votes do matter. So don't let them tell you different," the rapper said. Also speaking before the march was Atlanta Hawks head coach Lloyd Pierce.  Pierce, 44, is black and said he's seen violence against other black men his entire life and it's time to call attention to it.   He said he was there to call for justice for other African Americans who have died this year during interactions with police, including Brooks and George Floyd in Minneapolis, along with Breonna Taylor and Ahmaud Arbery. Taylor was killed in her home in March by police in Louisville executing a "no-knock" search warrant exchanged gun fire with her boyfriend. Arbery was killed in Glynn County, Ga., in February. One of the three men charged for his murder was a retired law enforcement officer. "I was born a black man and I know one day I'll die a black man," Pierce said. "But I don't want to die because I'm a black man."  Hate crime bill and primary election fallout  One item that is still pending in this session is a hate crimes statue, that gained renewed attention after Arbery's death while jogging through a Brunswick, Ga.-area neighborhood.  Georgia is one of four states in the country, along with Arkansas, South Carolina and Wyoming, that do not have hate crime laws and don't require officials to collect data on hate crimes, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.  "We're sick and tired of every week having a different hashtag for innocent black lives," said the Rev. Jamal Bryant of the New Birth Missionary Baptist Church in Lithonia, Ga., during the rally. "We're sick and tired that in Georgia, you can get killed just for jogging." Wade Cook, a black college st

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Bible As Official State Book? Tennessee's Governor Vetoes Bill. -- Obama Administration Issues New Rules For Offshore Drilling. And here are more early headlines: House GOP Squabbles, Will Miss Deadline To Pass Budget. (Washington Post) Deadly Earthquake Strikes Southern Japan. (Japan Times) North Korea's Attempted Medium Range Rocket Launch Fails. (USA Today) Defense Secretary To Visit U.S. Warship In South China Sea. (Reuters) Top Brazilian Court Allows Presidential Impeachment Vote To Proceed. (BBC) California Appeals Court Rules In Favor Of Teacher Tenure. (KPCC) Manson Follower, Leslie Van Houten, Recommended For Parole. (Los Angeles Times) Former N.Y. Gov. Pataki Endorses Kasich Ahead Of State's Primary. (CNN) Service Projects Commemorate 3rd Boston Marathon Bombing Anniversary. (AP)


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Question: New Music: Shakira And Rita Indiana

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English / Spanish After a long, lazy weekend, we returned to our offices and found a whole lot of new music — some good, some questionable. We'll present this new music throughout the week. Let's start with Shakira. In the last few days, she's unveiled two versions of her new song "Loca" ("Crazy"), one in English and one in Spanish. Whenever we shine a light on artists like Shakira or Juanes, we get a handful of people complaining that they're "too pop." Say what you will, but Shakira is responsible for some of the most influential Latin music in the last few decades. Sure, she lost us on some of her recent work, but she's promised to return to her roots in her upcoming album Sale El Sol (The Sun Comes Out) and her new single "Loca" ("Crazy") is an interesting departure from the Shakira to whom we've become accustomed. Recorded in the Dominican Republic, it's a cover of Dominican artist El Cata's "Loca Con Su Tiguere" (roughly translated as "Crazy For Her Man"). It's interesting to hear Shakira doing a traditional merengue sound here — it's pretty classic, not even techno merengue. Audio courtesy of You Tube: The English version of this song features UK rapper Dizzee Rascal. I grew up listening (and loving) Shakira en Español, and I think Dizzee Rascal is brilliant. So I should love this single in English right? Not so sure. I constantly find myself caught up in the "Does Shakira sound better in Spanish?" debate. When it comes to that question, it's hard to say where the boundaries between habit and true musical value lie. We are creatures of habit, after all. With Shakira, I think I just feel more comfortable listening to her in Spanish. Listen to the English version and tell us what you think. Moving on (but staying in the Dominican Republic), one of our favorite rising stars, merengue techno artist Rita Indiana, has a new single out called "El Juidero" (which roughly translates to "The Exodus"). We've mentioned Indiana on our show previously, and one of the things we love about her is her narrative ability. She's already an acclaimed author, which is why her songs often are like reading a wonderful short story told with rich Dominican slang. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- English / Spanish Nueva Música: Shakira y Rita Indiana Luego de un tranquilo fin de semana, volvimos a nuestras oficinas y nos encontramos una grata sorpresa: mucha nueva música. Algunas cosas buenas, y otras... no tan buenas. Toda esta semana estaremos presentándoles los nuevos tesoros musicales que hemos descubierto. Comencemos con Shakira. En los últimos días ha estrenado dos versiones (una cantada en inglés, una en español) de su nueva canción, "Loca." Siempre que hablamos de artistas populares como Shakira o Juanes, recibimos alguna que otra queja acerca de que "son demasiado comerciales." Si bien algunos de sus últimos trabajos son cuestionables, en las últimas décadas Shakira se ha convertido en una de las artistas mas influénciales de la música latina. La cantante Colombiana ha prometido volver a sus raíces musicales en su nuevo álbum Sale El Sol, el cual se estrenará en Noviembre. "Loca" es una canción interesante, ya que es un estilo muy distinto al que Shakira acostumbra. Grabado en Republica Dominicana, se trata de un cover de  la canción "Loca Con Su Tiguere" por el artista Dominicano El Cata. Es interesante escuchar a Shakira, que nunca ha sido tímida para adoptar una moda musical, hacer un merengue bastante tradicional. Aquí te paso la canción: La versión en inglés de esta canción es junto al rapero Británico Dizzee Rascal. Yo crecí escuchando (y adorando) a Shakira en español, y también me fascina Dizzee Rascal. Por lo tanto, esta canción me debería encantar ¿No? Pues la verdad, no estoy tan segura. La verdad es que frecuentemente debato si Shakira suena mejor en español que en Ingles. Y creo que cuando se trata de gustos, es difícil decir que cuestión de habito, y que es cuestión de merito musical. Por ejemplo: Yo también crecí viendo a Los Simpsons en español. Como consecuencia no me gusta verlos en inglés. Eso no tiene que ver con el merito artístico de Los Simpsons en inglés: Simplemente es algo a lo cual estoy demasiado acostumbrada para cambiar. Creo que lo mismo me pasa con Shakira. Simplemente es más cómodo para mí escucharla en español. A continuación escucha la canción en inglés y dinos que te parece. Pasando a otro tema (pero seguimos en Republica Dominicana): Una de nuestras artistas nuevas favoritas, Rita Indiana, tiene una nueva canción que se llama "El Juidero". En el show hemos charlado sobre esta artista dominicana del genero techno merengue. Una de las cosas que nos encanta de ella es que tiene un gran talento narrativo. Ella ya es una exitosa autora, y por eso sus canciones suelen ser como cuentos cortos, narradoos en jerga Dominicana que a veces, para los que no somos de ese país, es tan críptica como encantadora. Aquí les paso esa canción:

NPR's Sami Yenigun and Otis Hart are back to talk beats, loops, drops and more with Bob Boilen. The latest Electronic Edition of All Songs Considered includes cuts from the new Grimes album, a surprise EP from Burial, a Burnt Friedman remix of South African dance music and premieres from Claude Von Stroke, Nina Kraviz and VCMG — a collaboration from two former members of Depeche Mode. Also on the show: Hot Chip's Joe Goddard emerges with the side project The 2 Bears and the mysterious Spanish producer John Talabot unveils his first proper album. Plus, Sami and Otis discuss the homegrown sounds coming out of San Francisco and explain the logic behind limited-edition releases. VCMG Album: Ssss Song: Bendy Bass Burial Album: KindredSong: Loner John Talabot Album: Fin Song: Destiny The 2 Bears Album: Be Strong Song: Be Strong Nina Kraviz Album: Nina Kraviz Song: Taxi Talk Grimes Album: Visions Song: Vowels = Space and Time Claude VonStroke Album: Le Fantôme Song: Le Fantôme  Zinja Hlungwani / Burnt Friedman Album: Theo Parrish Meets Mancingelani/Burnt Friedman Meets Zinja Hlungwani 12" Song: Burnt Friedman Meets Zinja Hlungwani


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Question: Friday News Roundup - Domestic

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This week, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg broke his silence. After it was revealed that Cambridge Analytica, a data consulting firm with ties to the Trump campaign, had access to a trove of Facebook user data, Zuckerberg told CNN, “this was a major breach of trust and I’m really sorry that this happened. We have a basic responsibility to protect people’s data, and if we can’t do that, then we don’t deserve to have the opportunity to serve people.” And he adds that he’s “sure” that bad actors are trying to interfere with the midterm elections. But … will he talk to Congress? In Texas, the man suspected of sending a series of package bombs in the Austin area is dead. Thousands of students are in Washington to march against gun violence. And a parody book about the vice president’s pet rabbit having a gay romance is at the top of the charts. GUESTS Margaret Talev, Senior White House correspondent, Bloomberg News; president of the White House Correspondents Association; @margarettalev Sheryl Gay Stolberg, Washington correspondent, The New York Times;  @sherylnyt Alexi McCammond, Deputy news editor, Axios; @leximccammond For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: It's ScuttleButton Time!

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I don't know if last week's ScuttleButton puzzle can be fairly defined as "torture," but it certainly was the toughest one so far. We'll see how this week's puzzle rates. Don't forget the rules: Take one word (or concept) per button, add 'em up, and whaddaya get? Usually the answer to the rebus is a famous name or a common expression. And don't focus on a political answer. It doesn't necessarily have to be political, though it could be. A correct answer chosen at random gets his or her name in this column. Personally, I can't imagine a greater honor. You can't use the comments box at the bottom of the page for your answer. Send submission (plus your name and city/state -- you won't win without that) to politicaljunkie@npr.org. This is a regular Friday feature on the Political Junkie blog. Here's the answer to last week's puzzle. And, by adding your name to the Political Junkie mailing list, you will be the first on your block to receive notice when a new puzzle goes up on the blog. Sign up at politicaljunkie@npr.org. Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new Junkie post goes up by clicking here. Good luck, have fun, and happy Friday!

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: It's a Bird! It's A Plane! It's Amazon!; The Holy Doorman; Father Stealthmas.


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Question: Art Critic Michael Kimmelman

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The show rebroadcasts a discussion on art and life with New York Times art critic Michael Kimmelman. Kimmelman is the author of "Portraits: Talking with Artists at the Met, the Modern, the Louvre and Elsewhere," and "The Accidental Masterpiece: On the Art of Life and Vice Versa."

Stories: 1) The 'Big Fan' Team: Patton Oswalt, Robert Siegel 2) The Subhumans' Timeless Hardcore Punk


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Question: NPR: 07-01-2010 Fresh Air

Stories: 1) Jeffrey Gettleman: Reporting From Mogadishu 2) 'Pearl Buck In China': A Child Across The Good Earth 3) Slow 'Eclipse' Knows Just How To Stalk Its Target

Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 925 2) Latino USA Episode 926


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Question: Health Dialogues: Health Care and the Media

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How does the media influence medical choices made by Californians? What stories are being reported by broadcast, print, online and ethnic media, and which aren't? Is the information accurate, and placed in proper context, and are sources of funding and conflicts of interest revealed? How do drug companies and others target media messages in different communities? What questions do consumers need to ask of the health data? On the August Health Dialogues, we explore just what kind of job the media is doing covering health care issues.[rebroadcast Fri, Aug 18 at 2am and Sat, Aug 19 at 1pm]

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Public Financing of Political Campaigns, The Legend of St. Nicholas, Field Notes: Gorillas, Focus on Technology, Gluten-Free Living, The Big Screen: Forever


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Question: Mass. Law Uncovers More Uninsured Than Expected

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How to achieve universal health coverage is a major issue in this year's presidential campaign. Massachusetts has implemented a 2006 law requiring nearly every citizen to sign up for health insurance or pay a tax penalty.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- New Lead Shifts Search For Missing Jet 700 Miles North. -- Death Toll From Mudslide 'Will Only Increase.' -- House Intelligence Chair Mike Rogers Won't Seek Re-election. And here are more early headlines: Obama To Meet With Saudi King To Calm Frustrations. (Guardian) Ousted Ukrainian President Calls For Vote In All Ukrainian Regions. (Reuters) Lake Michigan Oil Spill Slightly Larger Than Thought. (Chicago Tribune) Walmart Sues Visa Claiming Excessive Card Fees. (Bloomberg) Florida Suspends Controversial Voting Roll Purge. (Miami Herald) Wisc. Gov. Cuts Weekend Early Voting, Extends Other Voting Hours. (Journal-Sentinel) Philadelphia Ties NBA's Worst Ever Losing Streak. (CBS Sports)


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Question: The Limits Of Human Endurance

How do you study the upper limits of human endurance? Professor Herman Pontzer of Duke University tracked long-distance athletes running across the country. He talks with NPR's Lulu Garcia-Navarro.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: All Songs Considered for Thursday, 9 Feb 2006

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Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Elliott Smith tribute, more. With host Bob Boilen.

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A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: Witnesses Weigh in on Nominee Roberts

The Senate Judiciary Committee wraps up hearings on the nomination of Judge John Roberts to be U.S. chief justice. Thursday, the committee worked into the night to hear 30 witnesses evenly divided between Roberts supporters and doubters.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)


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Question: NPR News Special Coverage: War in Iraq

NPR's regular program schedule was pre-empted by NPR News Special Coverage of the war in Iraq. Audio for special coverage during the noon-4pm ET time period is available at the link below.

Sex Offender Measures. Constitutional or Not?, Field Notes: Glossopedia, Grand Ole Opry Turns 80, Focus on Technology, Hollywood in Cincinnati


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Modi and The Bam; New Koch; An Offensive Play.

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: Paul Ryan's First 100 Days Under President Trump

Michael Warren of The Weekly Standard tells NPR's Mary Louise Kelly about the effect of the Trump administration's first 100 days on House Speaker Paul Ryan.

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Question: David Zinman Conducts The

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David Zinman conducts the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra in "Hoedown" from Aaron Copland's ballet "Rodeo." (Argo 440 639-2)

From a new C-D on the Koch label explores the works of Austrian composer Karol Rathaus. We'll hear JoAnn Falletta conduct the London Symphony Orchestra in the Sarabande from Rathaus' Incidental music to the play "Uriel Acosta." (Koch International Classics)


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Question: Obama Ad Blasts Romney's Time At Bain Capital

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The Obama re-election committee on Monday released a two-minute ad taking aim at Republican rival Mitt Romney's record at the private equity firm Bain Capital. The ad challenges Romney's claim that his business experience qualifies him to turn the economy around.

Good morning. Sorry we're late with the roundup. We've had quite a few things to post about already today, as you can see: -- Before Obama's Plan Is Out, NRA Calls Him An 'Elitist Hypocrite' -- Inflation Rate Slowed Sharply In 2012; Prices Were Flat In December -- UPDATE: 'Turmoil' For Many Parents As NYC School Bus Drivers Strike -- Fireball, Panic As Helicopter Crashes In London -- Blast Rocks Kabul; Dozens Wounded, Attackers Killed -- Interior Sec. Salazar Is Latest Member Of Cabinet To Announce Departure Among the other stories making headlines: -- "French Troops Move North As Mali Rebels Dig In." (The New York Times) -- "Islamists Attack Algerian Gas Feld, Kill, Kidnap Foreigners." (Reuters) -- Former South Carolina Gov. Mark Sanford (R) Announces Bid For Congress. (The State) -- Top Japan Airlines Ground Boeing 787 Dreamliners. (BBC News) -- With Confession, Lance Armstrong Is Hoping To Reduce Lifetime Ban From Competition And Head Off A Lawsuit That Could Cost Him Nearly $100 Million. (The Washington Post)


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Question: University To Use Earth's Temps To Heat Its Buildings

In northeastern Indiana, environmentalists are closely watching a project on a scale that hasn't been attempted before in the United States. Ball State University is constructing the largest geothermal heating and cooling system of its kind — and promises to cut its carbon emissions in half.   Here's how it works: A few dozen feet below the Earth's surface, the temperature is between 52 and 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Depending on the time of year, geothermal systems use the Earth's temperature as a heat source — or sink — by sending water through miles of pipes and concentrating it to meet the temperature the thermostat calls for. Ball State is attempting to use more than 660 acres to heat and cool nearly 50 buildings. 'This Is A Major, Major Change' Drills the size of tree trunks punch through dirt, clay and limestone to create a polka-dot pattern that stretches over land equal to a half-dozen football fields. One of the 400-foot-deep holes could heat and cool a house. But 4,100 of the holes will take care of the entire campus. Project engineer Jim Lowe says there's still a gee-whiz reaction to geothermal in a state where more than 95 percent of energy needs are met through coal and natural gas. "They still think of it as technology that's strange, but it's not," he says. "This is a major, major change. Instead of thinking about building boilers and using coal and natural gas, we're shifting that paradigm to where we're relying on a renewable energy source here." When the Muncie, Ind., school originally tried to replace its four Eisenhower-era coal boilers, Ball State President Jo Ann Gora says a $50 million estimate led to sticker shock — and that's before factoring in the cost of coal. So the school started to think outside the smokestack.  "It really shows that America has renewable energy sources if you just have the will to use them," she says. "We're using the renewable energy that the ground represents. Buildings rest on the ground. The ground is the source of renewable energy. Why don't we use it?"  Unlike wind and solar, which don't operate efficiently 24/7, geothermal systems are on all the time. But each one must be installed on-site, meaning it would take thousands of these projects to equal the heating and cooling power of just one coal plant.  Financial Hurdles Jim Huddleston manages the project he says will keep 80,000 tons of carbon emissions from the skies above Muncie. But he says the initial cost of geothermal is steep and that keeps many from digging deep into their pockets to pay for it.  "Problem is, when you and I go to buy a house and I need every penny I have to get that down payment and to get the fixtures that my wife wants and put these curtains up — and we don't spend the extra 30 percent," Huddleston says.   It could cost Ball State as much as $80 million to build the system. But officials estimate energy savings of up to $2 million a year. And right now, even with $40 million from the state and $5 million in federal stimulus funds, Ball State has raised just over half the money it needs. Despite the financial hurdles, Oregon Institute of Technology professor John Lund says Ball State will show that large-scale geothermal is a viable resource.  "There are probably over 50 schools that have heat pumps, but this would be the largest," Lund says. "It does show that it can be done on a large scale — i.e., this can be done all over the country, from North Dakota down to Florida, from Maine down to Texas.:   Across Ball State's campus, Mark Tucker dumps coal into an enormous boiler, which rages at 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit. He says they go through 130 tons of coal a day among the four boilers.   It could take five to 10 years for Ball State to complete this project as the school moves forward to tap the Earth for its heating and cooling needs.   MELISSA BLOCK, host:  Environmentalists are closely watching a project that's under way in northeastern Indiana. Ball State University is constructing the largest geothermal heating and cooling system of its kind in the country. The university promises the plant will help cut its carbon emissions in half.  We have the story from Daniel Robison of member station WFIU in Bloomington, Indiana.  DANIEL ROBISON: If you dig down just a few dozen feet below the Earth's surface, you'll find the temperature remains between 52 to 55 degrees. Depending on the time of year, geothermal systems work by using the Earth's temperature as a heat source or sink by sending water through miles of pipes and concentrating it to meet the temperature the thermostat calls for.  Using this basic concept, spread out over 660 acres to heat and cool nearly 50 buildings, hasn't been attempted before in this country. But that's the challenge Ball State's facing.  (Soundbite of machinery)  ROBISON: Drills the size of tree trunks are punching through dirt, clay and limestone, creating a polka dot pattern that stretches over land equal to half a dozen football fields. Just one of

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In Egypt: Fear That 'Day Of Rage' Will Add To Body Count. -- NSA Has Broken Privacy Rules 'Thousands Of Times Each Year'. -- There It Is! Area 51 Revealed In Declassified CIA Report. And here are more early headlines: Earthquakes Rattle New Zealand's Capital. (Radio New Zealand) Consumer Prices Rise Slightly In July. (Bloomberg) High Temperatures, Wind Fan Massive Idaho Wildfire. (Reuters) Caribbean Storm Could Form New Tropical Depression. (Weather.com) NASA Says Planet-Hunting Spacecraft "Kepler" Is Badly Disabled. (National Geographic) Voyager 1 Has Left The Solar System - Or Not. (Los Angeles Times) Dispute Over Burial Of Richard III's Bones Goes To Court. (BBC) Baseball To Widen Use Of Instant Replay Next Year. (ESPN)


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Question: From A Recording By The

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To give you a sense - "['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Every month, we ask a bunch of public-radio music curators to tell us about one new song they can\'t stop playing. In the 10-song mix that resulted for October, you\'ll hear a folk-minded Minnesota songwriter who reminds WVPB\'s Joni Deutsch of both Steve Cropper and Katy Perry — plus a Latin funk band\'s rumination on the meaning of the American dream, a song from Matt Berninger\'s new project that\'s heavy on the hometown references, and more. DAVID GREENE, HOST:  You probably have some songs in heavy rotation. You just can\'t stop playing them. Well, this is why we gave our music project that name. NPR Music asks public radio hosts and DJs to name a favorite song - one they keep in heavy rotation. And each month, we hear one of their picks here on MORNING EDITION. Our guest today is from Charleston, W. Va. She\'s an assistant producer for Mountain Stage with Larry Groce and she hosts A Change of Tune for West Virginia Public Broadcasting. JONI DEUTSCH, BYLINE: My name is Joni Deutsch, and my pick for heavy rotation is "Dream Last Night" by John Mark Nelson. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "DREAM LAST NIGHT") JOHN MARK NELSON: (Singing) Fighting an endless war that ends with my reflection. Trying a hundred times to turn the other way. DEUTSCH: John Mark Nelson is a wunderkind from Minneapolis, Minn. He\'s only 21, but he\'s already put out four albums. The first two were recorded in his bedroom. The third one was actually a Kickstarter campaign, and now he\'s on a music label, and it looks like his career is really about to take off. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "DREAM LAST NIGHT") NELSON: (Singing) Because I had a dream last night, you were talking to me. You told me all about the things that you love. And the conversation was killing me, so I left without looking back. DEUTSCH: He\'s known more as a folk musician, but as you can hear on this song, his new music has much more of a pop rock sound. Nelson even told Minnesota Public Radio that he\'s listening to the album "Rumours" by Fleetwood Mac. And he wanted to write songs with the driving rhythm and tight vocal harmonies that those songs have. And you can kind of hear it in these vocal exchanges with his background singer Kara Laudon. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "DREAM LAST NIGHT") NELSON: (Singing, unintelligible) You will never be what you say. You will never say what you need. DEUTSCH: What\'s really interesting is that this music is bouncy and upbeat. But if you listen to the lyrics, it sounds like he\'s frustrated with his relationship and may be dealing with some personal failures himself. So there\'s some interesting tension there. And that\'s what keeps me coming back to this song for more. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "DREAM LAST NIGHT") NELSON: (Singing) I had a dream last night, you were talking to me. You told me all about the things that you love. GREENE: You were hearing from Joni Deutsch. She works for a radio program called Mountain Stage and she\'s also a host for West Virginia Public Broadcasting. She was talking about her pick for Heavy Rotation. We\'re listening to it now. It\'s "Dream Last Night" by John Mark Nelson. And for a complete list of songs, you can go to npr.org/music. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "DREAM LAST NIGHT") NELSON: (Singing) So I left without ever looking back. GREENE: This is NPR News.']" should be close to "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', "Heavy Rotation: 10 Songs Public Radio Can't Stop Playing"]"

From a recording by the New York Philharmonic and conductor Kurt Masur, we'll hear perhaps the most famous "Largo" of all time, the second movement of the New World Symphony by Antonin Dvorak. (Teldec 9031-73244-2)

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Internet a basic need after disasters

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The Internet has become a basic need for disaster victims, and libraries are stepping in to provide information services after hurricanes, tornadoes and other disasters.

The scope of a cyberattack blamed on Russia is widening to include governments and corporations across the globe. The FDA greenlights Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine. New pandemic aid hits a last-minute roadblock in Congress.


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Question: The Ensemble Allora Performs

The ensemble Allora performs the Concerto in D, Op. 6, No. 4, by Arcangelo Corelli from a season-opening concert they gave last month at the Grace Memorial Episcopal Church in Portland, Oregon. (Rod Evenson Recordings)

The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: The War And Treaty's 'Healing Tide' Bares A Powerful Testimony

Note: NPR's First Listen audio comes down after the album is released. However, you can still listen with the Spotify or Apple Music playlist at the bottom of the page.   It's not surprising that The War and Treaty, a married duo comprised of Michael and Tanya Trotter, have received comparisons to Ike and Tina Turner. There are a couple of hard-charging, rock and soul originals on the Trotter's upcoming album, Healing Tide, that recall the dueling vigor of the music the Turners made together. But while Tina Turner's revelations have made us hear the volatility of her relationship with Ike in the musical heat they generated, the Trotters' songs "All I Wanna Do" and "Healing Tide" convey an ecstatic, empowering sense of partnership that serves as the duo's creative engine and core message. Even though The War and Treaty is still a rising act in the Americana field, and seemed to arrive on the national scene almost out of nowhere just a couple of years back, the Trotters are hardly neophytes. Separately and together, they've tried on numerous stylistic identities and artistic approaches. Long before she met Michael, Tanya (nee Blount) dueted with Lauryn Hill in Sister Act 2 and recorded sultry, mid-'90s R&B slow jams in a Toni Braxton vein. Michael sang in church, and during a tour of duty in Iraq, was dealt the singular sacred duty of paying tribute to fallen comrades in song, before striking out as a smoothly seductive R&B singer-songwriter, citing influences like Gerald Levert and Tyrese. After teaming up in life and music, the pair dabbled in sleek soul updates under their combined surnames. But they also drew inspiration from voices embraced as touchstones across generations and genres — Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, Johnny Cash and Nina Simone among them — and ultimately settled into a rootsy aesthetic animated by the range of their musical experiences. No doubt aware of the array of different performing personalities projected by coed teams before them — not only the Turners, but Johnny and June, Ashford & Simpson, Buddy and Julie Miller, the Civil Wars — the Trotters put a good deal of thought into their own dynamic. Asked by an interviewer about whether they considered keeping their personal relationship out of their public persona, Michael responded, "Once you try and contain it, you start to try to hold the reigns. That's frustrating to a free spirit. We feel that type of freedom heals the world and gives people hope." In the War and Treaty's official bio, Tanya explains why it's important to present themselves as embodying their lived partnership: "We allow people to see two people that are not perfect. We get on stage. We sweat. We're overweight. We yell. We get ugly, we scream! My hair comes loose. We're vulnerable — naked — in front of people, and it's a chain reaction. It allows them to be vulnerable, too." Both Tanya and Michael take turns venturing out on emotional limbs on Healing Tide, produced with the sympathetic touch of Buddy Miller. Voicing needs and longings in a tone simultaneously ardent and tentative, they make the risks of mutuality felt. In "Are You Ready To Love Me," a strutting country-soul number laced with horns and pedal steel, she pleads for physical affection and promises eager attentiveness as a lover, building to her insistent delivery of the question posed in the title. He sings the first half of "If It's In Your Heart" as though he's summoning the courage to press his lover for honesty and find out whether or not the intensity of her devotion equals his own. During the loping string band number "Here Is Where the Loving Is At," which features harmonies from Emmylou Harris, the Trotters paint a picture of lasting partnership as an earthy, effortful endeavor. "Just hold me to the words I say," Tanya implores, attacking the start of the next line with a teasingly determined growl. "And don't go looking somewhere else instead." Throughout "Hearts," a gospelly piano ballad in 6/8 time, the couple swap grand declarations of the bleakness they'd face without each other's company. They turn fierce when they declare their shared conviction during the bridge: "We've got a reason to keep our love growing strong / Everything between us helps us move along." Then their belting softens into an intimate murmur of shared belief: "We'd find each other's hearts." The Trotters exult in sensual heat during "Jeep Cherokee Laredo," with its sly, New Orleans-style syncopation and burbling organ. "You keep on peeking through the foggy windows / Please disregard all sly innuendo," they playfully scold a would-be busybody, flaunting the pleasure of the mischief shared between the two of them. The lyrics, penned by Michael (the author of all their material, who often describes his writing's autobiographical inspiration) have a big-talking punch equally connected to hip-hop and the blues. "Ain't none of your business what we doing in the back of our J-E-E-P Cherokee Laredo," they crow. The ardor

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Vanessa Peters: 'Afford to Pretend'

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Voted as one of the top ten folk artists in Austin, Vanessa Peters is already well known in her home state of Texas.  Judging by the relentless touring schedule she has kept since 2004, it seems that she is trying to make a name for herself in the rest of the world as well.  In the last two years, she has criss-crossed America twice and toured all over Italy, Germany, and the Czech Republic, both as a solo artist and with her Italian band, Ice Cream on Mondays.  Even in the busy schedule, she released Thin Thread in 2005 and will release two albums (her fourth and fifth) this year. The first, Blackout, is an acoustic EP featuring Vanessa's voice and guitar reminiscent of Patty Griffin's early work.  Recorded masterfully by Salim Nourallah (Kristy Kruger, Rhett Miller, Nourallah Brothers), the stripped-down production allows the listener to focus on the building blocks of any good song – a lingering melody well-sung and well-played, and lyrics that carry their own weight.  The songs are simple and direct, yet have a resonance far beyond the easy folk/rock categorization.   2006 will also see the release of Little Films.  This album, recorded and produced again by Salim Nourallah, is a project done with Ice Cream on Mondays. It chronicles the redemptive and destructive powers that our own personal films have in our lives.

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Question: With Drinking, Parent Rules Do Affect Teens' Choices

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['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari is on his first U.S. visit since taking office in May. NPR's Melissa Block speaks with conflict resolution analyst Aminu Gamawa about what this means for Nigerians."] == ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details!', 'Nigerian President Begins Mission To Wipe Out Corruption']

As teenagers mature into their senior year of high school, many parents begin to feel more comfortable about letting them drink alcohol. But new research from brain scientists and parenting experts suggests loosening the reins on drinking may not be a good idea in the long run. And, researchers say, parents' approach to addressing teen drinking does influence a teen's behavior.  Brain researchers are finding that alcohol has a particularly toxic effect on the brain cells of adolescents. That's because their brain cells are still growing, says Susan Tapert, a professor of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego.  The regions of the brain important for judgment, critical thinking and memory do not fully mature until a person is in his or her mid-20s. Tapert found that alcohol can damage the normal growth and development of a teenager's brain cells in these regions.  "Adolescents who engage in binge drinking (that is, having five or more drinks on occasion for boys, or four or more drinks on occasion for females) tend to show some brain abnormalities in their brain's white matter. That's the fibers that connect different parts of our brains," she wrote in a recent study.  And if binge drinking continues, within two to three years, Tapert says, it can result in subtle declines in a teen's thinking and memory. She reports declines in attention and memory among the teens who had engaged in binge drinking.  "Teenagers who initiate heavy drinking actually go downhill relative to kids who do not initiate heavy drinking during adolescence on several measures of cognitive function," she says  There is a lot of variability among individuals, but Tapert concludes that for some teens there may be no safe level of alcohol use. She saw negative effects in thinking and memory in teens after just 12 drinks in a month, or two or three binge drinking episodes a month.  The Role Of Parents So if parents want to give a "no alcohol" message to their teens, what can they do? Alcohol researcher Caitlin Abar from Pennsylvania State University found that parents' efforts do play a role in shaping their teens' behavior. She studied how parents deal with their high school teenagers regarding alcohol use while still at home, and she then checked after the teens' first semester of college. Her study of 300 teenagers and their parents was published recently in the journal  Addictive Behaviors.  "Parents who disapproved completely of underage alcohol use tended to have students who engaged in less drinking, less binge drinking, once in college," Abar says.  And conversely, a parent's permissiveness about teenage drinking is a significant risk factor for later binge drinking.  "The parents who are more accepting of teen drinking in high school were more likely to have children who engaged in risky drinking behaviors in college, compared to those children who had parents that were less accepting," Abar says. The researchers also asked the teens about their parents' drinking patterns and found that parents' own drinking behavior influenced a teen's later alcohol use.  Rules Matter But, it was parents' rules that had the strongest effect, says Abar. Complete disapproval of teen drinking by parents was the most protective, even more than when parents allowed a limited amount of alcohol consumption.  Other studies support Abar's findings. Psychology professor Mark Wood from the University of Rhode Island says that parental monitoring -- knowing where your teenagers are, who they're with, what they're doing -- also pays off in terms of less drinking when they go off to college.  "The protective effects that parents exert in high school continue to be influential into college," Wood says. "Even after a time when the kids have left the home. So it's the internalization of those values, attitudes and expectations that seem to continue to exert an effect."  Research studies by Wood, Abar and others challenge the common parenting practice in much of Europe where kids are socialized to drink at the family table, with the expectation that they'll learn to drink responsibly. Dutch researcher Haske van der Vorst has studied this "European drinking model."  "A lot of parents have the idea," says van der Vorst, "that if I let my child drink at home with friends, then at least I can control it somehow. I can buy the alcohol myself. Then I am in control."  Unfortunately, she says, based on her research, the European drinking model isn't working. "Not at all actually," she says. "The more teenagers drink at home, the more they will drink at other places, and the higher the risk for problematic alcohol use three years later."  To underscore these findings, a recent survey of 15- and 16-year-olds throughout Europe finds that the majority of European countries have a higher rate of teen drunkenness than in this country.  This does not surprise researcher Abar.  "It really calls into question the strategy that parents are adopting of the European dri

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Question: Former Milwaukee Officer Found Not Guilty In Shooting Death Of Black Man

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Updated at 5:54 p.m. ET A jury has found a former Milwaukee police officer not guilty of first-degree reckless homicide in the shooting death of Sylville Smith, a 23-year-old black man, last August. "Cries of outrage" erupted in the courtroom after the verdict was announced, member station WUWM reported. Dominique Heaggan-Brown, who also is black, was in on patrol when he and another police officer stopped two men. The men ran and the officers gave chase, and Heaggan-Brown shot and killed Smith. The death sparked riots on Milwaukee's north side, The Two-Way had reported. After the verdict was announced, Smith's father, Patrick, was quoted by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel as saying, "I want the community to calm down and come together." Milwaukee Police Chief Edward Flynn said the jury's verdict was "based on the objective evidence before it." He added that he'd "seen nothing in the [body camera] video that was a violation of the law or policy." In charging Heaggan-Brown with reckless homicide, WUWM reported, the local district attorney said that "the first shot he fired, hitting Smith in the arm was justified because [Smith] was armed, but not the second shot" that hit him in the torso and killed him. The complaint states that the deadly encounter started when Heaggan-Brown and the other officer saw a man leaning in through the passenger window of a car with out-of-state license plates, talking to another man. It added that Heaggan-Brown had said in an interview that he thought it "could be consistent with drug activity." Smith ran into a yard carrying a semi-automatic handgun, according to the complaint. It says police body camera video shows Smith slip to the ground near a chain link fence. He then gets to his feet and throws the gun over the fence. This is the moment Smith was shot twice — once before, and once after he threw the gun. The time between the two shots was 1.69 seconds. The complaint describes the moment:  "While Smith raises his gun upward, P.O. Heaggan-Brown discharges one shot from his service weapon at Smith and Smith falls to the ground on his back. It was later determined that Heaggan-Brown's first shot struck Smith in his right bicep area with the bullet passing through Smith's bicep and lodging in a window casement to the east of the shooting. After going to the ground, Smith was unarmed. "The video shows Smith fall to his back, with his legs and arms going up towards his head in what appears to be a half backwards roll. P.O. Heaggan-Brown is observed standing a short distance from Smith with his weapon pointed down at Smith when Heaggan-Brown discharges a second shot from his weapon at what appears to be Smith's chest. After the second shot, Smith's arms and legs are still moving and he appears to bring his left hand toward his waistband. A review of the body camera video from both Heaggan-Brown and [Officer] Malafa confirms that at the time of the second shot, Smith was unarmed and had his hands near his head."  During the trial, Heaggan-Brown's lawyer told the jury that the "first shot was a justifiable shot and that justification did not change in 1.69 seconds," The Associated Press reported. The defense team also "argued that Heaggan-Brown was following officer training in ending a threat, and that the former officer could not know whether Smith had another weapon," WUWM added. Heaggan-Brown was fired from the Milwaukee Police Department in October over a separate matter in which he is facing charges of sexual assault, according to the Journal Sentinel.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


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Question: Understanding Technology through a Child's Eyes (Rebroadcast)

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UNDERSTANDING TECHNOLOGY THROUGH A CHILD'S EYES (REBROADCAST): Kids today rarely think of 'technology' as something separate from themselves. Rather, technology is infused into everything they do and see.  So how can grown-ups rethink design ideas based on what the next generation is thinking? Tech Tuesday explores the intersection of technology and child development.  (52 min.)

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Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)