Question: Excerpt: Frankly In Love

Mom-n-Dad work at The Store every day, from morning to evening, on weekends, holidays, New Year’s Day, 365 days out of every year without a single vacation for as long as me and Hanna have been alive.  Mom-n-Dad inherited The Store from an older Korean couple of that first wave who came over in the sixties. No written contracts or anything. Just an introduction from a good friend, then tea, then dinners, and finally many deep bows, culminating in warm, two-handed handshakes. They wanted to make sure The Store was kept in good hands. Good, Korean hands.  The Store is an hour-long drive from the dystopian perfection of my suburban home of Playa Mesa. It’s in a poor, sun-crumbled part of Southern California largely populated by Mexican- and African-Americans. A world away.  The poor customers give Mom-n-Dad food stamps, which become money, which becomes college tuition for me.  It’s the latest version of the American dream.  I hope the next version of the American dream doesn’t involve gouging people for food stamps.  I’m at The Store now. I’m leaning against the counter. Its varnish is worn in the middle like a tree ring, showing the history of every transaction that’s ever been slid across its surface: candy and beer and diapers and milk and beer and ice cream and beer and beer.  “At the airport,” I once explained to Q, “they hand out title deeds by ethnicity. So the Greeks get diners, the Chinese get laundromats, and the Koreans get liquor stores.”  “So that’s how America works,” said Q, taking a deeply ironic bite of his burrito.  It’s hot in The Store. I’m wearing a Hardfloor tee shirt perforated with moth holes in cool black, to match my cool-black utility shorts. Not all blacks are the same. There is warm black and brown black and purple black. My wristbands are a rainbow of blacks. All garments above the ankles must be black. Shoes can be anything, however. Like my caution-yellow sneakers.  Dad refuses to turn on the air-conditioning, because the only things affected by the heat are the chocolate-based candies, and he’s already stashed those in the walk-in cooler.  Meanwhile, I’m sweating. I watch a trio of flies trace an endless series of right angles in midair with a nonstop zimzim sound. I snap a photo and post it with the caption: Flies are the only creature named after their main mode of mobility.  It makes no sense that I’m helping Mom-n-Dad at The Store. My whole life they’ve never let me have a job.  “Study hard, become doctor maybe,” Dad would say.  “Or a famous newscaster,” Mom would say.  I still don’t get that last one.  Anyway: I’m at The Store only one day a week, on Sundays, and only to work the register—no lifting, sorting, cleaning, tagging, or dealing with vendors. Mom’s home resting from her morning shift, leaving me and Dad alone for his turn. I suspect all this is Mom’s ploy to get me to bond with Dad in my last year before I head off to college. Spend father-n-son time. Engage in deep conversation.  Dad straps on a weight belt and muscles a hand truck loaded with boxes of malt liquor. He looks a bit like a Hobbit, stocky and strong and thick legged, with a box cutter on his belt instead of a velvet sachet of precious coins. He has all his hair still, even in his late forties. To think, he earned a bachelor’s degree in Seoul and wound up here. I wonder how many immigrants there are like him, working a blue-collar job while secretly owning a white-collar degree.  He slams his way out of the dark howling maw of the walk-in cooler.  “You eat,” he says.   “Okay, Dad,” I say.  “You go taco. Next door. Money, here.”   He hands me a twenty.  “Okay, Dad.”  I say Okay, Dad a lot to Dad. It doesn’t get much deeper than that for the most part. For the most part, it can’t. Dad’s English isn’t great, and my Korean is almost nonexistent. I grew up on video games and indie films, and Dad grew up on I-don’t-know-what.  I used to ask him about his childhood. Or about basic things, like how he was able to afford a luxury like college. He grew up poor, after all, poorer than poor. Both my parents did, before Korea’s economic supernova in the late eighties. Dad said he would go fishing for river crabs when food ran low. Lots of people in the sticks did.  “Tiny crabby, they all crawling inside my net,” he told me. “All crawling crawling crawling over each other, they step-ping on each other face, try to get on top.”  “Okay,” I said.  “That’s Korea,” he said.  When I asked him what that meant, he just closed the conversation with:  “Anyway America better. Better you going college here, learn English. More opportunity.”  That’s his checkmate move for most conversations, even

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Stories: 1) 'Headmaster' Has Still Got Plenty of Soul 2) Sarah Johns' 'Big Love in a Small Town'


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Question: Written Then, Heard Now: Reimagining Old Texts Through Global Songs

Words don't have to stay on the page, and music doesn't have to stay in the time of its creation. The four artists collected by DJ Betto Arcos, a frequent All Things Considered guest who hosts Global Village on KPFK in Los Angeles, know this. On this visit to the program, Arcos showcases musicians from Algeria, Mali, Italy and Albania who have infused historic poems, stories and folk tunes with new music and new meaning. Hear the conversation with host Arun Rath at the audio link, and listen to the songs below. ARUN RATH, HOST:  And we're joined by my good friend, world music DJ Betto Arcos. Betto, welcome back. BETTO ARCOS: A pleasure to be with you, Arun. RATH: Betto, you know I'm a lifelong jazz fan, and I'm also a fan of reinventing popular music in different styles. So when I heard what you had cooked up for us today, I got pretty excited. Tell us about the concept you have here. ARCOS: Well, I wanted to bring four artists that are what I think - reimagining old songs, every one of them in their own different way and in their own different style. Let's take a listen to the first one. This is a collaboration between someone that we've talked about before, Ibrahim Maalouf. RATH: Oh, trumpet man. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "JAMAIS QUAND IL FAUT") UNIDENTIFIED SINGERS: (Singing in French). RATH: This sounds very different from the last Ibrahim Maalouf album you played for us here. ARCOS: This is a collaboration between Ibrahim and the rapper-hip-hop artist Oxmo Puccino, a singer who was born in Mali, but at the age of two or three, his parents came to Paris. And that's where he's been living, so he's got a very French kind of quality to his style. And here, what they do is they reimagine the work of Lewis Carroll, the most famous... RATH: "Alice In Wonderland" Lewis Carroll? ARCOS: Exactly. That's what we are talking about. They are reimagining the entire work of "Alice In Wonderland," and they call it "Au Pays D'Alice." (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "JAMAIS QUAND IL FAUT") OXMO PUCCINO: (Singing in French). ARCOS: It kind of showcases not just chapter-by-chapter "Alice In Wonderland," but in a new setting in today's France, all set within the political and social context going on not just in France, but in Europe. RATH: Wow (laughter). ARCOS: Anti-Semitism, intolerance toward immigrants, racism, homophobia - all of these things that are happening in Europe today. This is what it's all about. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "JAMAIS QUAND IL FAUT") PUCCINO: (Singing in French). RATH: And that is Ibrahim, along with - who's the rapper there? ARCOS: Oxmo Puccino. RATH: Oxmo Puccino. Excellent. Their take - new take on "Alice In Wonderland." So what do you got next for us, Betto? ARCOS: The next piece is one of my all-time favorite singers from anywhere, Souad Massi, who was originally from Algeria. She's based in France for the last decade or so. Here, what she does is she takes a poem by an Iraqi poet, Ahmad Matar, who writes about what's happening in the Middle East. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "AYNA") SOUAD MASSI: (Singing in foreign language). ARCOS: This is a song called "Ayna," or "The Visit." And the lyrics are all about a leader that visits a region of his country and says don't worry. Tell me your grievances. I want to hear your situation. And someone speaks up and says, yeah, sure, where's our healthcare? Where's all the things you promised - the employment? And after the leader leaves, the person that spoke was jailed. A year later, he returns to the same region, saying the same thing as he did before. And so his friend steps up and says, sir, so where's all that stuff that you promised? And also, where's my friend Hassan (ph)? (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "AYNA") MASSI: (Singing in foreign language). RATH: That's Souad Massi with a version of the Iraqi poem "Ayna." We have world music DJ Betto Arcos here. Betto, what else you got? ARCOS: Next we're going to hear from a singer originally from Albania, Elina Duni. She has a new record out called "Dallendyshe." And what she's doing with this song and many others that she's recorded in the last couple of albums is she is reinventing folk songs that were originally part of the propaganda that was used by the communist regime in Albania, where she grew up as a child. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "SYTE") ELINA DUNI: (Singing in foreign language). RATH: The Balkans have given us such strong women vocalists, right? So you said these are all propaganda songs. What was she singing about? ARCOS: This particular song is sort of a song of someone who leaves, someone who goes into exile or is an immigrant and leaves home. And the lyrics say something like this. My eyes wet with tears for you. Don't you ache for me the least? I beg you, moon. Please help me find the man I love so dearly. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "SYTE") DUNI: (Singing in foreign language). RATH: That's music from the Elina Duni Quartet - a folk song from Albania, very much reimagined. We have time for one more. What you have for us? ARCOS: The last piece

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Stories: 1) Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'After The Earthquake' 2) From Bop To Baroque: The Modern Jazz Quartet 3) Heads Up, TV Fans: Great Shows Start This Week


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Question: Torture, ticking time bombs, and the American way

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I finally broke down and watched Michael Winterbottom's The Road To Guantanamo the other night. As cynical as I am, I still find it astonishing that this place remains open and that there are those who still justify its...

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Federal agents joked about migrants death, published report says. The international deal to curb Iran's nuclear capabilities is faltering. And, examining the new idea called restorative justice.


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Question: From One Of Ted's Recommended

From one of Ted's recommended recordings, cellist Jacqueline Du Pre joins the London Symphony Orchestra, conducted by John Barbirolli, to play the finale of the Elgar Cello Concerto. (EMI CDC 7 47329 2)

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2021 Podcast By Emily M. 9/11 NPR A Cultural Disconnect: The US and Iran A Dive into Diversity Aidan Sockrider's NPR Student Contest Submission Albert Barnes All About Cancel Culture All Natural: Yellowstone National Park An Ode to Ants Anxiety In Kids and Teens AP B3 A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words A Possibly Positive Pandemic? Arab Teens Asian Stereotypes Athlete's Corner: Pandemics, Protein Shakes, and Home Workouts Auggie's Pet Podcast Avocado Mafia Break In The Story Of Laurie Dann Butterflies in our Stomach Butterflies Unscripted Candy to My Ears Charlie's Family Podcast Charlie Brown Parallels to the Past Part Two Cinthia A - NPR Podcast Challenge 2021 Climate Change Coping with Covid Covid Conversations Creativity and Nature Dancing Fire Dark 'n' Stormy Dark Childhood Theories Death By Sugar: The Great Molasses Flood Of 1919 Different Bodies, Different Reasons Dinosaurs Drinks with a Tasteful Twist Environmental Activism With Orla Malloy Escape From Alcatraz Evolution Of Slang Exhale Forget, Fix, or Forgive Food Waste Frog Bridge & The Soul of Willimantic Genres Of Music Gratitude GSNPR Podcast Contest Guinness World Records Harmful Gender Norms Haunted Hometown: Pleasanton, California Helmet Podcast Hieu Tam Pham High School Memories History of Music Hole Donut How Are Sports Affected? How Can We Stop Global Warming How the first trillionaire will come about How to Bake the World's Best Chocolate Chip Cookies How to Make Students' Lives Engaging During COVID-19 Hyphenated I Am Black Excellence If You Close Your Eyes In a Pickle Inclusion Indian Small Farmers' Fight for Democracy Industry Juniors Interviews with Grandma In The Eye Of The Storm IRL Podcast It's A Twin Thing Japanime Podcast Just Clowning Around KIDWARZ Leadership Podcast Legal Misconduct Let's Talk About Sustainability! LGBTQ discrimination Life Of A Racecar Driver Llama Podcast Local Artist LOTR Male Depression Match Of The Century Media and Reality: TV's Effect on Black Women Megan Ramirez NPR Mental Health For Students Mental Health in Movies and TV Mirror, Mirror On The Dog Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women Miss Mattie and Scooter Mouse MLK Marches in Cicero My Small Business Journey Mysterious Earth Nad - Cast 1 - 3 12 21, 10.45 PM Nate Drohan: Sleep Talk Podcast Native American Mascots Neighborhood News NMC21: Q No Longer a Child One year of distance Online or in person schooling? Operation Paperclip Opinions on Group Homes Pandemic Blues Pandemics and Students Parents Just Don't Understand Parents Vs. Kids Pickled Punks Podcast PTSD: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly Quarantine Daydreams R.O.G.U.E. Podcast Episode 4 Part 1: Authenticity Representation In Film Risk Takers Podcast Sardines Lost At Sea Scary Story Slight of Hand Sophia's Podcast on Eagles Speech And Debate Podcast Stories Around The Ghost Light: 24 Hours Before You Lose It All Survival Of The Vietnam War Taylor A's Story Technology Dating Texting While Zooming The Breakout Room The Days Before US The Degradation of the Y Chromosome The Effect Of Machismo The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly: The Electoral College The Great Emu War The Hauntings of Breckie The Hauntings of Breckie The History of Classical Music The Importance Of Self Care During A Pandemic The Inexplicable Heist The Lavender Scare The Mystery Of Roanoke Island The Podcast People There is a Banana in my Podcast The Rise Of Anti - Asian Hate The Simpsons Podcast The Speculative Implications of Trans- Temporal Travel The Subtle Things: Teacher-Student Relationships The Trolley Problem The Underlying Problems In The Gaming Industry The Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Water Rights Settlement Act The Weekend that Went Wrong This or That: School Edition Through Many Glass Ceilings Thurscast TriplePoint Two Brothers, One Mother Tye Rollins: A Hero in Scrubs and a White Coat Understanding the Hijab Unknown Monsters: Climate Change Victoria Viruses are NOT a Race Voices Of Hawaii Weird Laws in America What's Good? What is Worth Fighting For? Where Are You Daddy? Why TikTok is a Black Hole Zobia and Lila


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Question: Mapping Software Helps Stores Find Profitable Locations

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A recent story in the Boston Globe caught our eye: A Dunkin Donuts restaurant increased its business by a whopping 50 percent by moving to a location a couple hundred yards away.  To find out how that’s possible, we turn to Simon Thompson, director of commercial solutions for Esri, a mapping software company that supplies location data to stores such as Starbucks and Petco. Sometimes the result is counterintuitive, such as placing a store next to its competitor. Guest

Simon Thompson, director of commercial marketing for Esri. He tweets @SiAction.
 MEGHNA CHAKRABARTI, HOST:  From NPR and WBUR Boston, I'm Meghna Chakrabarti. It's HERE AND NOW. In the business news today, it's the second anniversary of Occupied Wall Street. Activists are marching through Lower Manhattan and congregating at their former encampment. However, only about a hundred people turned out, a far cry from the thousands who took part in the original occupation. And now, a story we came across here in Boston. It's about a Dunkin' Donuts restaurant that moved its location just a couple hundred yards and increased its business by a whooping 50 percent. We wondered how that's possible. So for some answers, let's turn to Simon Thompson, director of commercial solutions for Esri, a company that supplies location data to stores. And, Simon, is it unusual for a store to boost its sales so much by making such a small move? SIMON THOMPSON: Well, I think it's actually happening with a lot of different businesses. You know, we work with Starbucks and actually thousands of different retailers, and they've all seen similar gains. You know, being in the right place, as you described, opposite a competition sometimes because of the traffic flows, the demographics, where people are going to work or coming home from the office or going to dine, makes a huge difference in the economic performance of some of those businesses. CHAKRABARTI: So your company, Esri, does digital mapping and location analytics. So when you're doing those analytics, what kind of data are you gathering? THOMPSON: We've got thousands of variables. Some, it comes from places like the census, others is information that - Esri models and captures many different sources. So it's things like how - our shopping habits. You know, what do we spend money on? Why do we want to do it? How much are we willing to spend to do those different things? Obviously, things like age and income and house value, but also things like your political persuasion, your likelihood to own a pet or a lease a luxury car. CHAKRABARTI: Well, Simon, I have to ask you, though, because in my neighborhood, about a couple of blocks from where I live, there are two CVS pharmacies and one Walgreens pharmacy, all within a half-block of each other. We've got three pharmacies, whereas what I really want is a great local coffee shop, which isn't there. THOMPSON: Yes, send them all to talk to us because... (LAUGHTER) THOMPSON: ...you know, I think that's one of the interests and aspects of the changing dynamics and some of the financial issues that these types of businesses suffer. They're locked into long-term relationships. So some of those stores we see around the place are zombie stores. They're there without good customers. They're there without high levels of revenue, but they need to be there. CHAKRABARTI: What about smaller businesses or even independently owned ones? I mean, this is - put them at a disadvantage in terms of not having access to that - the same analytics that you're able to provide? THOMPSON: Well, that's where the Web's completely changed this marketplace. You know, 10 years ago, you'd have to have the software, you'd have to have an expert. But now, anybody can do it. I can go to the Web, log in for a couple of thousand dollars a year, I can get access to all of that information for the U.S., for Canada and nearly a hundred countries worldwide. CHAKRABARTI: Are there any variables or factors about a neighborhood or a location that you wish you could measure right now but can't? THOMPSON: I think one of the biggest ones that everybody is looking at is to get instant data on what people are doing with social media and getting into real depth with social media. The idea of a tweet and a share and a like and something off Instagram. I mean, that's really showing who is there. You know, getting more information about those consumers is really what most people are looking for. CHAKRABARTI: Well, Simon Thompson is director of commercial solutions for Esri. It's a company that provides digital mapping technology and location analytics. Simon, thank you so much for your time. THOMPSON: OK, thanks very much. CHAKRABARTI: Well, still to come, we'll visit Estes Park, Colorado, where they're beginning to assess the damage from those devastating floods. Back in one minute. HERE AND NOW.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- After Four Years, Chinese Dissident Artist Ai Weiwei Gets His Passport Back. -- Loops, Glitches Raise Questions About Dash Cam Video. And here are more early headlines: Critical Transportation Bill Stalls In Senate. (Politico) Congress To Get Briefing From Administration On Iran Nuclear Deal. (USA Today) Jury To Start Sentencing Phase In Colorado Theater Shooter Case. (NBC) Kyrgyzstan Ends Treaty With U.S. Following Diplomatic Row. (VOA) Burundi Counts Votes In Presidential Election That The U.S. Says Isn't Credible. (BBC) Armed Citizens Guarding Some Military Recruitment Centers. (AP) Navajo Nation Voters Loosen Language Requirements For Tribal Leaders. (Farmington Daily Times) Washed Out I-10 Freeway Bridge To Partially Re-Open Friday. (KJZZ) Scientists Believe They've Got Fragments Of World's Oldest Koran. (Time)


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Question: The Boiling Resentment Behind The Foiled Plan To Kidnap Gov. Whitmer

In mid-April, thousands of citizens gridlocked the Michigan state Capitol for miles, unleashing a cacophony of noisemakers and car horns for nearly seven hours protesting Democratic Gov. Gretchen Whitmer's stay-at-home order. "Operation Gridlock" was dotted with red "Make America Great Again" hats and yellow "Live Free or Die" flags. President Trump cheered the protesters on, tweeting "LIBERATE MICHIGAN!" Despite polls showing long-standing approval of Whitmer's handling of the coronavirus, she faced loathsome criticism at protests like these staged by conservative political groups and tacitly supported by Republicans in the state Legislature. And at the same time, Whitmer's political star was rising. She earned a national reputation and a place on Democrat's vice presidential shortlist for her management of the COVID-19 crisis in Michigan. Under her leadership, Michigan moved from the state with the third-highest number of COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people in April, to the bottom third in October.  As spring lingered on and other states began to ease restrictions, Whitmer continued to extend the state of emergency in Michigan.  Protests go fringe Over time, protests shrunk in size and attracted strong anti-Whitmer and misogynist sentiment. Signs like "tyrants get the rope," "Ditch the Witch" and "Heil Whitler" began to appear alongside Confederate flags and calls to "Let us free from tyranny." Then, on April 30, the governor extended the state of emergency again, without approval from the Republican-controlled Legislature, and heavily armed protesters stood over lawmakers in the state Senate gallery as they debated what to do about it.  In early May, Republicans grew tired of Whitmer's nearly unilateral control and decided to sue, arguing she was violating the Michigan constitution. "I can tell you straight up that I do not know how decisions are being made in that executive office. That curtain has been closed for a long time," said Senate Majority Leader Mike Shirkey, a Republican. By mid-May, protesters compared life under Whitmer's stay-at-home order to life under Nazi Germany. One brought a naked brunette Barbie doll hanging from a noose. Tension against Whitmer, the face of the Michigan coronavirus response, had reached a boiling point. But by June, those public tensions faded into the background when the stay-home order ended and protests against Whitmer were overtaken by Black Lives Matter protests against the police killing of George Floyd. A plot to kidnap the governor On Thursday, the world learned that in the months since those protests, 13 men with links to the militia movement had allegedly been involved in a plot to kidnap Whitmer from her vacation home on the west side of Michigan, try her for treason and overthrow the Michigan state government.  Michigan's Democratic attorney general, Dana Nessel, stood in front of cameras explaining that the FBI, along with state police, foiled the extremist plot. "A multifront operation to apprehend the suspects in question was carefully coordinated and skillfully executed," she said. The criminal complaint unsealed by the FBI on Thursday morning said six men surveilled the governor's vacation home twice in an alleged attempt to kidnap her and were incensed by her power, saying, "She has no checks and balances at all. She has uncontrolled power right now."  Several members of the group allegedly met and discussed plans for the plot at those protests at the Capitol in Lansing. In mid-June, one suspect said he wanted to recruit 200 men for an operation to attack the Capitol, a plot the group allegedly later abandoned, focusing their attention on the governor instead.   On Thursday afternoon, the governor responded to the alleged plot herself in a broadcast message, saying hate groups have taken Trump's unwillingness to condemn extremists as a call to action. "When our leaders meet with, encourage, or fraternize with domestic terrorists, they legitimize their actions and they are complicit. When they stoke and contribute to hate speech, they are complicit." Trump fought back on Twitter that night, saying Whitmer had done a terrible job handling the coronavirus and criticizing her for not thanking him for federal law enforcement's role in thwarting the kidnapping plans.  And Republican speaker of the state House of Representatives, Lee Chatfield, who briefly attended an April protest and mingled with protesters, responded in a statement Friday saying that "we won't overcome this by pointing fingers of or assigning blame," calling the alleged plan "evil" and saying that "these terrorists should be prosecuted quickly." Whitmer's 'unchecked power' undone The resentment for Whitmer has been steadily fomenting in two spheres: one in the far-right groups and militias who frequent Capitol protests and the other in the Republican majority of the state Legislature. Shirkey characterized Whitmer's COVID-19 response as "one-size-fits-all, heavy-handed, blunt-force inst

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Trump Meets 3 Americans Held In North Korea As They Return To U.S. -- Scientists Warn That Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano Could Erupt 'Ballistic Rocks'. -- Dam Collapse Leaves At Least 20 Dead In Kenya. -- In Election Upset, Malaysia's Mahathir Returns To Power After A Quarter Century. -- 'I Look Forward' To Ending My Life, 104-Year-Old Assisted Suicide Advocate Says. And here are more early headlines: White House Holding Summit On Artificial Intelligence. (Los Angeles Times) Ford Suspends F-150 Truck Production After Fire. (Detroit Free Press) Deadly New Storm Strikes Northern India. (Times Of India) 200th Anniversary Of Paul Revere's Death Observed. (Boston Globe) Mexican State Allows Nicknames Such As 'Big Moustache' On Ballot. (AP)


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Question: Frey's 'Pieces' and Truth in Publishing

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James Frey's popular drug-addiction memoir A Million Little Pieces has been alleged to contain falsehoods. However, the publisher and Frey have stood by the account, even while admitting the facts were not necessarily hard and fast.

Stories: 1) From 'The Eye of the Storm,' a Bishop's Calm Voice 2) Reissued Hits from Costello, Beck and Skynyrd


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Question: NPR Bestsellers: Paperback Fiction, Week Of August 23, 2012

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In the run-up to its film debut, David Mitchell's Cloud Atlas appears on the list at No. 11.

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Author Mark Kurlansky joins us to discuss his latest book about salmon and their unique link to global ecology. Guests Mark Kurlansky, Award-winning author. His latest book is “Salmon: A Fish, the Earth, and the History of Their Common Fate.” (@codlansky)
From The Reading List Excerpt from “Salmon: A Fish, the Earth, and the History of Their Common Fate” by Mark Kurlansky Excerpted from “Salmon: A Fish, the Earth, and the History of Their Common Fate” by Mark Kurlansky © 2020 by Patagonia Works. Reprinted with the permission of the publisher, Patagonia. All rights reserved. Photo Highlights This article was originally published on WBUR.org.


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Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

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The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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the truth is out there

NETWORK RAMSEY SEGMENT NSA SEGMENT NBC 7:39 0:27 CBS 3:23 0:25 ABC 4:03 2:00 (link)...

The SCOTUS with the mostus; anarchy malarky; bake!


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Question: Listener Limerick Challenge

Priscilla Queen of the Terrarium; these crafts put the Spring in Rumspringa; PBenny packs up his thumbs for Lent.

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Question: WikiLeaks Now Victim Of Its Own Leak

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The founder of  WikiLeaks, Julian Assange, once said his mission was not simply to divulge  secrets, but to make sure the release of that information actually made a  difference. He shared his trove of  diplomatic cables with The New York Times, the Guardian in London, and other news  organizations so they could draw the world's attention to the most important  parts. But that approach has  now collapsed. The entire WikiLeaks collection, consisting of a quarter-million  diplomatic files, is now out in raw form on the Internet. They are unfiltered,  unanalyzed and unedited. No names of diplomats or secret sources have been  removed. The release was  apparently inadvertent, but the backlash has been swift and harsh. WikiLeaks,  which gained worldwide fame for publicizing U.S.  government secrets, is once again the target of intense criticism. But this  time, it's not just the U.S. government and others who wanted  to keep those documents private. Even former WikiLeaks supporters are  criticizing the organization for sloppy security. This is not what  WikiLeaks or its partners wanted. "Our relationship with  WikiLeaks was based on the agreement that we would be allowed to redact these  things and nothing would be published that hadn't been carefully redacted for  reasons of personal safety," says David Leigh of the Guardian newspaper, one of  the editors who negotiated with Assange. "We're extremely upset that Assange, on  his own responsibility, has now published  everything." But Assange and  WikiLeaks blame the Guardian, and Leigh in particular. They say Leigh, in a book  about WikiLeaks, divulged a password needed to unlock all the documents. Leigh says that's  nonsense, and other WikiLeaks news partners issued a joint statement with the  Guardian, highlighting WikiLeaks' own failure to safeguard its files. Even the alleged  leaker of the diplomatic cables, U.S. Pfc. Bradley Manning, is now down on  WikiLeaks, it seems. Bradley is in a military prison, but his support network  said Friday that any source who provides secret information has the right to  expect that that information will be "handled with care." Journalism professor  C.W. Anderson of the City University of New York says the WikiLeaks model  involved collaboration among three groups: people with inside information,  like Manning; computer activists with the skills to manage big dumps of data;  and news organizations eager to make use of the leaks. But those relationships  have now fractured. "Former WikiLeaks  people are fighting all the time, so that relationship is deeply damaged. The  relationship with the traditional media organization is certainly damaged beyond  repair," he says. "The whole thing is just such a  mess." Nor, says Anderson, are potential  leakers likely to want to work with WikiLeaks in the future. "If I had a very  nervous person, who had secret documents I wanted to share, and I looked at what  was going on, I would not come near them with a 10-foot pole," he says. Steven Aftergood, who  directs the Project on Government Secrecy at the Federation of American  Scientists, notes that the leaking of government secrets is not an everyday  phenomenon. "It depends on the  existence and the willingness of an individual with access to significant  information to break ranks and disclose that information," he says. "If Bradley  Manning was the source of these cables, it seems there's only one source of that  caliber, and Bradley Manning is not going to be disclosing any more in the near  future." Yet WikiLeaks has  already made its mark, and Anderson says the entire episode reflects the  way information is now gathered, stored and shared. "I think the idea that  leaks are going to occur in gigabytes of data, piped through anonymous servers  — the horse is out of the barn — I don't think we'll ever go back to the old  way," he says. SCOTT SIMON, host: WikiLeaks, that group that gained an awful of attention for publicizing the secrets of various governments is now itself the target of intense criticism. More than a quarter million diplomatic files that had been in WikiLeaks' custody are now on the Internet uncensored and available to anybody with skills to find them. Document release was apparently inadvertent and NPR's Tom Gjelten reports that even former WikiLeaks supporters criticize the organization for sloppy security.  TOM GJELTEN: The founder of WikiLeaks, Julian Assange, once said his mission was not simply to divulge secrets, but to make sure the release of secret information actually made a difference. That's why he shared documents with the New York Times, the Guardian in London, and other news organizations so they could draw the world's attention to the most important parts. That approach has now collapsed.  The entire WikiLeaks trove of diplomatic cables is now out in raw form, unfiltered, unanalyzed, unedited, or unredacted as censors would say. No names have been removed. It's not what WikiLeaks wanted, and not wha

Good morning, here are some of the stories we're looking at this morning: Space Shuttle Discovery Is On Its Last Flight. Mass Killer In Norway Declares 'I Would Have Done It Again'. Did Obama's Policies Help, Or Hinder, The Economy? GSA Inspector General Is Investigating Possible Bribes, Kickbacks. (Washington Post) African Union Says Suspends Guinea Bissau After Coup. (Reuters) UN Chief: Observers Say Syrian Ceasefire Generally Observed. (Dow Jones) Wikileaks Founder Julian Assange Interviews Hezbollah Leader In TV Premiere. (AP) Google Fined $25,000 For 'Willfully' Stonewalling FCC. (WTSP-TV) Welding-Caused Fire At Idaho National Laboratory Prompts Evacuations. (AP) Bruins Goalie Tim Thomas Greeted By Obama Masks. (USA Today)


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For instance you may be given '['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "'It's Top-Down': Three Generations Of Black Officers On Racism And Police Brutality"]' and it should match with '['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Three officers, each from a different generation, weigh in on Derek Chauvin's murder conviction and other recent acts of police violence. Isaiah McKinnon became a police officer for the city of Detroit in the 1960s, and eventually became chief of police. He also served two years as the city's deputy mayor starting in 2014.Cheryl Dorsey is a retired Los Angeles Police Department sergeant who first joined the force in the 1980s.  Vincent Montague is president of the Black Shield Police Association, which supports officers serving in the Greater Cleveland area. He's been in law enforcement for 13 years. To take a short, anonymous survey about Consider This, please visit npr.org/springsurvey. In participating regions, you'll also hear a local news segment that will help you make sense of what's going on in your community.Email us at considerthis@npr.org."]' but not with '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR!', "Good morning - here are some stories we're following today: Luxury Cars Do Poorly In New Type Of Crash Test. Unsealed Documents 'Hint At The Evidence' In Colorado Shootings. N.J. Gov. Chris Christie, Fla. Senator Marco Rubio To Give Key Speeches At Republican National Convention. (National Journal) Western Wildfires Destroy Homes, Leave One Firefighter Dead. (AP) Defected Syrian Prime Minister Claims Assad Regime Is Collapsing. (BBC) In A Change, Iran Now Welcomes Aid For Earthquake Victims. (VOA) French Youths Clash With Police For Second Night. (Reuters) Violence Turns Deadly Between Two Unions At South African Platinum Mine. (AllAfrica.com) Educational Accrediting Agency Issues Warning To Penn State. (USA Today) Conn. Woman Wrongly Billed For 25 Years For Streetlights, Gets Refund. (Hartford Courant)"]'.

Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Swiss Government Votes To Abandon Nuclear Power

Wary of problems with Japan's troubled Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear complex, the Swiss government voted to recomend the country's use of nuclear power. Switzerland has five nuclear power plants and Reuters says the decision means the country could wean itself off the last reactor by 2034. Swiss officials say each reactors would stay open through its planned 50-year lifespan and then rotate out of service; the first beginning in 2019 and the last 15 years later, according to Swissinfo.ch. The recommendation comes as European regulators proposed new safety checks on the dozens of nuclear reactors in the region, and proposed a new watchdog group to deal with any future nuclear crisis, according to Reuters. Thousands of Swiss turned out last Sunday to demonstrate their opposition to nuclear power. Bloomberg cites Swiss police who estimate some 20,000 people marched on the country's oldest nuclear complex, demanding its closure, although Switzerland is heavily dependent on nuclear energy.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Acting FBI Boss To Take Comey's Place At Senate Intel Hearing. -- Workers Take Jefferson Davis Statue Off Its Pedestal In New Orleans. -- Ex-Massey Energy CEO Completes 1-Year Federal Criminal Sentence. -- Dissident Rebels In Colombia Ignore Peace Treaty And Continue Extortion. And here are more early headlines: Tillerson Joins Arctic Nations Officials Meeting In Alaska. (AP) Montana Glaciers Shrinking At Tremendous Rate. (USGS) Venzuelan Protesters Fling Feces At Government Forces. (Washington Post) Energy Department To Study Tunnel Cave-In At Nuclear Waste Site. (NBC) VA Chief Says More Time Needed To End Veteran Homelessness. (AP) Boeing Halts New Plane Delivery To Test Potential Engine Problem. (Seattle Times)


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Question: Doctors Recommend Universal Diabetes Testing For Pregnant Women

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All pregnant women should get tested for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy, a federal panel says, to reduce the risk of dangerous complications for both mother and child. This isn't one of those controversial bits from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, like its recommendation that women under age 50 not get mammograms. Most obstetricians are already screening their patients for gestational diabetes. "It's something that's widely accepted," says Dr. Virginia Moyer, chair of the USPTF and vice president for maintenance of certification and quality for the American Board of Pediatrics. "But that doesn't mean it's not important." As recently as 2008, the task force said there wasn't enough evidence to recommend across the board screening for gestational diabetes. But now there's more evidence, Moyer says, as well as growing concern that the number of women who get gestational diabetes is rising. More women are overweight or obese, and more women are having babies after age 25. Both increase the risk. About 240,000 of the 4 million women who give birth each year, or about 7 percent, develop gestational diabetes. The universal screening recommendation was published Monday in Annals of Internal Medicine. And with gestational diabetes, both mother and child are at risk. "You always always have two patients with a pregnant woman," Moyer tells Shots. "We looked at both of them together." Babies born to women who have gestational diabetes tend to be bigger, and that increases their risk of injury at birth such as a broken collarbone or dislocated shoulder. Babies whose mother had gestational diabetes are more likely to grow up to be obese, and more likely to have diabetes themselves. For women, having gestational diabetes increases the risk of preeclampsia, a potentially deadly spike in blood pressure. It also increases the odds that a woman will have a cesarean section. "Collectively, all these things matter," Moyer says. "If you screen for gestational diabetes there's an opportunity to treat for it and minimize it." Since most women with gestational diabetes don't have symptoms, a glucose tolerance test is used to screen for it. Keeping blood sugar under control during pregnancy can reduce these risks, and most women can do that by monitoring the blood sugar and watching what they eat. Only rarely do they need to use diabetes drugs or insulin. Gestational diabetes usually goes away once a baby is born, but it can increase a woman's risk of diabetes not associated with pregnancy later on.

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Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Newseum Will Acquire Set Of 'The Daily Show With Jon Stewart'

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The Newseum in Washington, D.C., has announced that it will acquire the set of The Daily Show with Jon Stewart after the host's last episode airs on Aug. 6. The museum devoted to the news says the set will be available for future display. Stewart has hosted the late night show since 1999 and has interviewed an array of celebrities, including actors, authors and President Obama. He's also been compared to Walter Cronkite from time to time. "We are thrilled to accept the donation of these artifacts to the Newseum collection," said Cathy Trost, senior vice president of exhibits and programs at the Newseum. "They are part of America's cultural and media history, telling an important story about how political satire and news as humor made 'The Daily Show' a trusted news source for a generation." Stewart was at the Newseum last fall for a screening about the film Rosewater, which he directed and co-wrote. Fans are using the hashtag #JonVoyage on Twitter as they prepare to say goodbye to Stewart.

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Stories: 1) Seth Meyers On 'SNL' And Campaign Comedy 2) Tina Fey's Gubernatorial Turn 3) Stephen Colbert On 'The Greatest Gift Of All' 4) The Ethereal, Ambient Sound Of 'Hearts Of Space'


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

A man who got a big message this week; a woman takes her place just two heartbeats from the big chair; who got a chance at a sequel?

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Hubble Gets a Tune-Up

The space shuttle Columbia is poised for launch on an 11-day mission to upgrade the aging Hubble Space Telescope. Astronauts are planning five spacewalks to tend to the telescope and add a new camera that can peer deep into the universe. NPR's Richard Harris reports for Morning Edition. See more images at the Hubble Project image gallery.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In Egypt: Fear That 'Day Of Rage' Will Add To Body Count. -- NSA Has Broken Privacy Rules 'Thousands Of Times Each Year'. -- There It Is! Area 51 Revealed In Declassified CIA Report. And here are more early headlines: Earthquakes Rattle New Zealand's Capital. (Radio New Zealand) Consumer Prices Rise Slightly In July. (Bloomberg) High Temperatures, Wind Fan Massive Idaho Wildfire. (Reuters) Caribbean Storm Could Form New Tropical Depression. (Weather.com) NASA Says Planet-Hunting Spacecraft "Kepler" Is Badly Disabled. (National Geographic) Voyager 1 Has Left The Solar System - Or Not. (Los Angeles Times) Dispute Over Burial Of Richard III's Bones Goes To Court. (BBC) Baseball To Widen Use Of Instant Replay Next Year. (ESPN)


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Question: Cadillac Targets Women With Fashion-Forward Image

This week at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, the luxury brand Cadillac debuted a new crest. According to Cadillac officials, the new, streamlined crest “mirrors the evolution” of the brand. That’s not the only thing that’s changing for Cadillac. The 111-year-old luxury brand wants to reach out to an untapped demographic: women. Melody Lee, director of brand and reputation strategy for Cadillac, joins Here & Now’s Robin Young to explain.
See Cadillac’s “Style Driven” video series with Vogue

Guest

Melody Lee, director of brand and reputation strategy for Cadillac. She tweets @melly126.
 MEGHNA CHAKRABARTI, HOST:  It's HERE AND NOW. OK. Let's talk cars. This week, at the Detroit Auto Show, Cadillac debuted a new crest. Gone is its trademark wreath and its place just the shield but with bigger, bolder colors. Now, the 111-year-old luxury carmaker says it wants to be a little edgier. And that's not the only thing changing. The brand is pushing to woe new customers who might not be your typical Caddy driver. We're talking about women here. So in 2012, Cadillac turns to Melody Lee. She's director of a brand and reputation strategy at Cadillac, as you - a role that's unique now at General Motors. Melody Lee joins from Detroit. And, Melody, first of all, what made Cadillac create your position? MELODY LEE: Well, you know, Cadillac has a long history. It's been around for 111 years. And for a long time, all the way up to the 1970s, it was known as the pinnacle of success. I mean, if you did well in a job or you succeeded in life, the reward was a Cadillac. And then from about the mid-'70s on, we started to lose our way a little bit as a brand and became somewhat complacent. And so when Bob Ferguson, who is the head of Cadillac, the brand chief now, asked me to come on board, it was because I, at that point, had never even considered buying a Cadillac. And I'm being completely honest and that's because that is the exact reason he asked me. CHAKRABARTI: So before we go into detail about exactly what you're doing now with Cadillac, I want to talk a little bit more about what you just said, that there's this perception of this classic American brand that, essentially, you're trying to fight against. And we thought that that perception was pretty well summed up by this song, which I'm sure you probably heard. It's by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis. It's a song called "White Walls." And I want to hear a little bit of that. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "WHITE WALLS") MACKLEMORE AND RYAN LEWIS: (Singing) Old school like old English in that brown paper bag. I'm rolling in that same whip that my granddad had. Hello, haters. Damn, y'all mad. 30k on the Caddy, now how backpack rap is that? HOLLIS: (Singing) I got that off-black Cadillac midnight drive. Got that gas pedal, leaned back, taking my time. I'm rollin'... CHAKRABARTI: OK. So, Melody, on the one hand, it's cool that Macklemore brought Cadillac into one of its songs. But he's also saying that, I'm rolling in the same whip that my granddad had. LEE: That's exactly right. On the one hand, we love that Cadillac is back in the pop culture vernacular again. But you're right. In the song, he talks about driving the same car as his granddad. But for him, it's a positive nostalgia and that's something that we want to capitalize on. We don't want to run from our past, but we also don't want to focus on it too much. CHAKRABARTI: OK. So tell me more about why, in order to do that, you've decided to tap into the purchasing power of women. LEE: Well, you know, a lot of statistics like to point out that women are now more involved in the automotive purchasing process than they ever have been. So at Cadillac, I think we've decided to focus on ways to really connect with women where they are. And I think that last part of the phrase is key. CHAKRABARTI: So tapping to women who - where they are, especially women who maybe have their eye on luxury brands. In order to do that, for example, you really turned a lot to the fashion world. I mean, I see that you sold the new ELR coupe hybrid exclusively through Saks Fifth Avenue, through their catalogue. And you launched a video campaign called "Style Driven," which follows a fashion stylist around New York City as she dresses an actress for the famous Met gala. And we've got a clip of that. (SOUNDBITE OF VIDEO, "STYLE DRIVEN") ERIN WALSH: I mean, in terms of working in a city like New York - especially in New York, I can't get anything done without a car. I might be in the car with my computer prepping for another job while we're en route to the next one. You're moving between your working space between the photo studio, between the showrooms, reserving dates, reserving looks, making selections, for me... CHAKRABARTI: So, Melody, what exactly are you trying to do with this kind of advertising? LEE: Well, I think that much less than in just pandering, I would say, to women, it's more a

On the Show: Obama's Pep Talk Goes Viral on the WebVideo: Lifestyles & Trends: Oprah's Got an Obama Problem?


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Cold War 2, The City That Never Sleeps or Throws Things Away, A Cereal Liar.

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: The English Makeover Of A French Legend

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Georges Brassens was one of the best-known singers and songwriters of postwar France. Nowadays, he's often compared to Bob Dylan or Leonard Cohen, an urban troubadour who wrote songs that were evocative, provocative and moody, and sometimes used profanity to make a point. Translating his works into English is demanding -- and it's discouraged quite a few singers. But now French-American composer Pierre de Gaillande has produced an album of Brassens' songs, titled Bad Reputation. "It’s a labor of love," de Gaillande tells NPR's Scott Simon of the translation process. "I think of it as really difficult and really fun musical word puzzles." Born in France, de Gaillande says his father was a devoted Brassens fan who would play the singer's records at ear-splitting volumes in their home. As de Gaillande grew older, he says, he came to love it, too, from the songs and the sound to the lyrics and the philosophy. "Brassens was sort of a self-proclaimed anarchist at the beginning of his life," de Gaillande says. "He never had any fear of criticizing the hypocrisy of the society around him -- even though, like Bob Dylan, he never wanted to be a spokesman for any kind of political party or political viewpoint at all." An Unusual Way With Lyrics "To Die for You Ideas," a song attacking fundamentalism and war, sums up the ethos of the singer-songwriter. "He also says that the people who die for ideas aren't the ones who actually believe in them," de Gaillande says. "The ones who make the decisions, they're not actually dying. They're getting other people to do the dying for them." Brassens had an unusual way with lyrics: Most of his songs are frequently laced with argot, a secretive French slang. He also had a tendency, de Gaillande says, to fit the rhythm to the song's words. This complicated the translation process, but the unusually structured music still appealed to de Gaillande. "I think they're really catchy," he says. "I think they have, what they say in German, 'earworms,' which is a great expression, meaning they stick in your head." Often, Brassens' French fans are die-hards. Many have expressed skepticism toward de Gaillande and his ability to translate. "I love that," he says. "Whenever I play these songs, there are always French people in the audience. They come and they stand with their arms crossed and a pout on their face. And then, slowly, the pout goes away. They're convinced. They're sold." The French-American composer moved to New York after college, and says he's come to know the differences between citizens. As much as Bad Reputation is a tribute to Brassens, it also celebrates his home country and, perhaps, the human condition. "It's so warm and so human," de Gaillande says of Brassens' message. "It's not about money, it's not that God told me to do this, it's not about 'I'm stronger than you.' We're all in it together; let's eat a great meal and have a bottle of wine." SCOTT SIMON, host:  Georges Brassens was one of the best known singers and songwriters of post-World War II France. Nowadays he's often compared to Dylan or Leonard Cohen, an urban troubadour who wrote songs that were evocative, provocative, moody, sometimes used a profanity to make a point.  Translating his works into English is demanding, and discouraged quite a few singers. But now...  (Soundbite of song)  Mr. PIERRE DE GAILLANDE (Musician): (Singing in French) A hidden hovel of vice and deceit. These ruins would never be a landmark...  SIMON: "The Princess and the Troubadour," translated and sung by Pierre de Gaillande. Pierre de Gaillande has produced an album of George Brassens' songs called "Bad Reputation." Mr. de Gaillande joins us from our studios in New York.  Thanks so much for being with us.  Mr. DE GAILLANDE: Thank you.  SIMON: It's obvious from the start that's an extraordinary, what might have started as a tribute, that's an extraordinary job of translation and, if I might put it this way, rendering that you've done from French to English.  Mr. DE GAILLANDE: It's a labor of love. It's been definitely challenging. I think of it as really challenging and really fun word puzzles - musical word puzzles.  SIMON: Your father introduced you to this music?  Mr. DE GAILLANDE: That's right. I was born in France. My father's French and we had Georges Brassens in the household on all the time in the background. My dad liked to listen to it at ear-splitting volumes. I think honestly at some times in my life I heard the music and I thought it was my dad singing because it was so much a part, defined the philosophy and the way of being that was French, according to Philippe de Gaillande, my father. And then after a while, as I got older, I just really, really love sing - the music, the songs, the poetry and the philosophy that was described in the songs.  SIMON: Now, the philosophy in the songs have been described as anarchy.  Mr. DE GAILLANDE: Yeah. I mean there's, Brassens was sort of a self-proclaimed anarchist at the beginning

A Year in the Life of a South African Teenager


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Question: Beyond Banned: Books That Survived The Censors

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In the 1970s, I sat in my Leningrad apartment typing pages of forbidden books through four sheets of carbon paper, while three Metro stops away, censors sat at their desks branding manuscripts unacceptable.  By then, some Soviet writers had learned to use the Aesopian language, with its hints and euphemisms, to get their books into print. Others poured onto paper the undisguised torment that filled their souls, knowing that their work would never see the light of bookstores.  Moscow To The End Of The Line By Venedikt Erofeev, paperback, 164 pages, Northwestern University Press, list price: $18 Moscow to the End of the Line, written in the late '60s and banned in Russia until the late '80s, is the train journey of an alcoholic intellectual, Venya, going to visit his girlfriend in the town of Petushki.  On the train, he drinks and philosophizes, with hilarious allusions to literature and history, about the sad state of Soviet life that compels one to drink.  "Where is that happiness which they write about in the newspapers?" Venya wonders in a drunken fog during an increasingly phantasmagorical ride that never gets him to Petushki, just as the Soviet state never delivers anyone to its promise of the bright future of communism.  In the end, waking up back in Moscow, Venya is chased by four thugs who — not at all symbolically — smash his head against the Kremlin wall.  The Master And Margarita By Mikhail Bulgakov, paperback, 432 pages, Penguin Classics, list price: $14 The  Master and Margarita was written in 1940, during the  darkness of Stalin's reign. A heavily censored version of the work was released  in 1966, and more complete editions have been published in the decades since. In this multilayered novel, the Devil wreaks havoc in Moscow, exposing Soviet absurdities and bureaucrats' duplicitous lives  and finding an ally in Margarita.  She sides with the dark forces to save the Master, her lover who had gotten into trouble for writing a novel about Pontius Pilate and Jesus Christ.  "Manuscripts don't burn," proclaims the Devil as he produces the novel the desperate Master had earlier tossed into the fire.  In Bulgakov's surreal world of 1930s Russia, it is the Lord of Darkness who affirms the resilience and immortality of art.  In The Heart Of The Country By J. M. Coetzee, paperback, 144 pages, Penguin, list price: $14 But what if the censor is not a faceless bureaucrat toiling in a dank room under a portrait of Lenin?  The censors of J.M. Coetzee's In the Heart of the Country were his South African colleagues, professors and writers themselves, some of whom he knew personally. The book's narrator, a ferociously intelligent woman living on a remote South African farm, is bitter about her exclusion from life, which she attributes to her hard-hearted father.  She executes a revenge when her father takes his black servant's wife as his mistress.  The events in the novel reveal the relationships between the master and the slave, the colonizer and the colonized. Though Coetzee wrote In the Heart of  the Country under the presence of censorship, his censors allowed the book's release, arguing that only intellectuals would read it. Should we thank them for letting the book circulate because they recognized its literary value?  Or is this a benevolent but perhaps more dangerous form of censorship?  Should we ever forgive those who sit in judgment on books for guarding the reader from the raw power of imagination?  My own typewritten pages of banned books found their way into the hands of trusted friends — my literature professor, my fellow English tutor, an engineer neighbor with a secret love for Freud — who passed them on to their friends who also owned typewriters.  Those pages, now gone along with the ghost of communism, bound us together.  They taught me poetry; they let me breathe.  They proved that manuscripts did not burn, despite the diligence of censors. Elena Gorokhova grew up in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg, Russia). She is the author of A Mountain of Crumbs. Three  Books... is produced and edited by Ellen Silva with production assistance  from Rose Friedman, Lena Moses-Schmitt and  Amelia Salutz.

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Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: Remodeling The House; A Story That Fell From The Sky; and A Pint-Sized Literary Giant Emerges.


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Question: My River Home: A Journey from the Gulf War to the Gulf of Mexico

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Guest: Marcus Eriksen, Director of Research and Education for the Algalita Marine Research Foundation and an active member of Veterans for Peace

Stories: 1) Teddy Roosevelt And The Fire That Saved The Forests 2) A Memoir Of Pakistan, Islamic Fundamentalism


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Question: The Nonpareil Wind Band And

The Nonpareil Wind Band and conductor Timothy Foley perform "Manhattan Beach" by John Philip Sousa (EMI 54130), and The New Sousa Band (with its members doubling as the New Sousa Chorus) plays and sings Sousa's "U.S. Field Artillery March" with conductor Keith Brion. (Delos DE 3102)

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Nanotechnology Research and Development

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Guest: Irfan Ahmad, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at the University of Illinois; Mark A. Shannon, Director of the Center of Advanced Materials for Purification of Water With Systems Center; Dietram A. Scheufele, Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Life Sciences Communication at the University of Wisconsin

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


Question: Nobel Peace Prize Winner Wangari Matthai

A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize-winning biologist Wangari Matthai. (pre-recorded)

Stories: 1) Veteran Peacemakers O'Malley, Maharaj on Iraq 2) Nuala O'Faolain, Journalist and Author, Dead at 68


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Question: Richard Harris Takes

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a look at new Food and Drug Administration regulations regarding cigarette sales that went into effect today. The rules require retailers to ask for a photo I.D. for all customers buying cigarettes who look younger than 27. Failure to comply could cost store owners $250. President Clinton argues the new rules will actually help retailers, since they won't have to guess the age of those buying cigarettes.

The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: The New Pornographers in Concert: 10/27/2007

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The New Pornographers in concert. With host Bob Boilen. With stunning vocals from Neko Case and playfully cerebral narratives from songwriters Dan Bejar and A.C. Newman, the Canadian band The New Pornographers is virtually peerless in the world of power-pop and indie-rock.  Hear them recorded live from Washington, D.C.'s 9:30 Club originally webcast on NPR.org October 27, 2007.

Stories: 1) When 10 Won't Do: David Edelstein's Top 13 Films 2) In Case You Missed It: Events And Trends Of 2009 3) Ken Tucker's Top 10 Recordings Of 2009


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Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Supreme Court Rules LGBTQ Workers Are Protected From Job Discrimination

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The Supreme Court ruled Monday in favor of LGBTQ workers. The justices ruled that the federal law that bars discrimination based on sex also applies to gay and transgender workers. Here & Now’s Jeremy Hobson speaks with Kevin Jennings, CEO of Lambda Legal, about the ruling. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Freddie Gray Update: New Speculation On His Death, And Peaceful Protests. -- Just Do It: Obama Tries To Sway Skeptical Democrats On Trade. And here are more early headlines: Obama To Choose Chicago To Host His Presidential Library. (USA Today) Vt. Senator Sanders Declares Bid For Democratic Presidential Nomination. (The Hill) U.S. Navy To Guard American Flagged Ships In Strait Of Hormuz. (Wall Street Journal) House Votes To End D.C. Law Banning Discrimination Against Women Who Have Abortions. (Washington Post) Chilean Volcano Erupts A Third Time. (Guardian) California Cites Sea World For Failing To Protect Workers Who Care For Killer Whales. (U-T San Diego) Tesla Motors Turns To Energy Systems For Homes. (New York Times)


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Question: The Motley Fool Take

Can Harley-Davidson continue to rev up earnings? Will Apple's new iPod play on Wall Street? Will embattled Krispy Kreme rise again? Motley Fool analyst Stephen Simpson talks about some of the week's stock market news.

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Given ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', '4 Years... 700,000 More Voters'] it matches with ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details:', '(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)\nSecretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]'] but not with ['Represent the natural language', 'Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.']

Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: Memo To The Rest of You...

In the latest political love poem from the national media to Arnold Schwarzenegger, the new edition of Esquire magazine proclaims that the governor is leading the nation into a ¿new kind of politics.¿

The March cover story, ¿The President of 12% of Us,¿ takes a quick tour of recent political goings-on in California en route to [...]

Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert weren't the only funny ones at The Rally  to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on the National Mall Saturday. Here are  some of the signs we spotted throughout the day. God Hates Snuggies I Was Told There'd Be Cookies. We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself, And Spiders. Kitlers Against Hitler Analogies Government Doesn't Suck Real Patriots Drink Whiskey Don't Tread On Anyone That's No Moon Hyperbole Or Instant Death Slogans Are Crap I Stand 4 Good Posture I'm A Veteran. I'm An American. I Am Muslim. I Support The Right To Arm Bears Calm The F*** Down America Fear Is Illogical Just Stop Bickering And Clean This Mess Up THIS FONT IS BIG Going Out Of Business Everything 70-80 Percent Off I Am Moderately Excited For This Stand On The Right, Walk On The Left You Don't Have To Be Nice, Just Don't Be Mean Libraries Are Socialist Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet I thought Neil Young was going to be playing 1 Percent Sane, 98 Percent American, You Do The Math! Olivia Munn Fan (No ...  Really ...) Fear Gives Me A Boehner My Wife Is A Muslim And Not A Terrorist, But I'm Scared Of Her Anyway Abide CAPSLOCK IS NOT PERSUASIVE Festivas For The Rest Of Us I Heart Beck's Album Mellow Gold It Was His Best In My Opinion Senate Math 41 > 59 Yelling Rarely Works ... I Know, I'm A Mom! Don't Stomp On My Head, Bro


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Question: MSNBC's Martin Bashir Steps Down Over Palin Remarks

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MSNBC host Martin Bashir has resigned from the network following controversial remarks he made about former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin. Some three weeks ago, Bashir referred to Palin as a "world-class idiot" for suggesting that U.S. indebtedness to China was akin to slavery. The television host quoted from plantation owner Thomas Thistlewood's diary describing a punishment for slaves that involved having others defecate in their mouths. "When Mrs. Palin invokes slavery, she doesn't just prove her rank ignorance. She confirms if anyone truly qualified for a dose of discipline from Thomas Thistlewood, she would be the outstanding candidate," he said in a Nov. 15 broadcast. The remarks caused a firestorm of controversy, and on Wednesday, Bashir said he'd tendered his resignation over the matter. "It is my sincere hope that all of my colleagues, at this special network, will be allowed to focus on the issues that matter without the distraction of myself or my ill-judged comments," he wrote in a statement. "I deeply regret what was said, will endeavor to work hard at making constructive contributions in the future and will always have a deep appreciation for our viewers." The Associated Press writes that Bashir's departure has "coincided with MSNBC's firing of Alec Baldwin from his weekly talk show after two weeks for using an anti-gay slur in a New York City street encounter."

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- In Syria, Peace Plan 'Is Unraveling'. -- Pentagon Condemns Actions Of Soldiers Posing With Suicide Bombers' Remains. -- Ted Nugent Stands Firm, Secret Service To Look Into His Words About Obama. Other stories making news: Read More -- "Obama, Romney In Dead Heat Among Registered Voters." (CBS News) -- Norway's Mass Murderer Says "He Should Either Be Acquitted Or Executed;" A Jail Term Would Be "Pathetic." (The Guardian) -- "Secret Service Inquiry Leads To Colombian Brothels." (The New York Times) -- "GSA Official's Wife Accompanied Him On Trips At Taxpayer Expense." (The Washington Post) -- "Ozzie Guillen Back In Marlins' Dugout, Promises To Manage His Mouth." (Miami Herald) -- "Spanish King Juan Carlos Sorry For Botswana Hunt Trip." (BBC News)


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Question: In Baltimore, These Santa Clauses Bring Pork And Christmas Trees To Your Door

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Santa Claus takes many forms throughout the holiday season: there's the work party Santa, the parade float Santa and the illustrious mall Santa. In Baltimore, there's the Santa on a cargo bike carrying several hundred pounds worth of Christmas trees, trailed by the scent of slow-cooked pork.  Every weekend from Thanksgiving until shortly before Christmas, Todd Coleman and Mike Santoro dress as Santa Claus, load Douglas and Fraser firs on their bikes and pack a cooler full of pulled pork sandwiches. The duo run Pork 'N Pine: a local legend of a business that is Baltimore kitsch personified, founded in 2011, that delivers BBQ and Christmas trees to your door. They can carry up to eight trees each at a time and deliver up to of 30 a day.  The two source their trees from a farm in York, Pa. and their sandwiches from local caterer HarborQue. The BBQ arrives deconstructed — that is, meat, buns and sauces are packaged separately for a customer to build into a sandwich. On a recent bitterly cold Saturday morning, Santoro loaded the final trees of the year onto his bike and mounted a pink, paper mache pig atop. It looked a little sorry: one of its ears held on by a thread. "I just found that in a dumpster this morning," Santoro quips, calling it a metaphor for 2020. The two were worried the pandemic would slow their business. But the opposite happened, Coleman says. Pork 'N Pine outperformed last year's sales, selling 260 trees and about twice as many sandwiches this year, pedaling more than 1,000 across Baltimore to deliver them. They say they would have sold more trees were it not for the shortage. "Everyone's just Googling like delivery for everything now," Coleman says. "So Christmas tree delivery, we're the first thing that pops up in Baltimore. So people are just like, this is weird, but you guys popped up on the Google." After mapping out their final route of the year, Santoro prepares the duo's last vital feature: an eclectic, mostly punk Christmas playlist, blasting out of a boombox. It has just one rule: no Mariah Carey.  "You can only listen to 'All I want for Christmas [Is You]' this year so many times," Santoro says. Once Santoro hits play, the pair, and this reporter, take off on our bikes into the cold morning. Santoro and Coleman don Santa suits and face masks: Coleman wears one behind his fake beard, Santoro wears one with a Santa beard print.  As the two bike throughout the city, Baltimoreans collectively lose their minds. City residents roll down the windows of their cars, shrieking with glee. Some stop in their tracks and laugh. Many pull out their smartphones to record the sight.   "People will yell at us to stop, to slow down, like 'I wanna take a picture!'" Coleman says. "I'm like, 'I love you, I would love to stop, but this is 500 lbs of Christmas tree!' " A few miles later, Santoro and Coleman arrive at Liz Graham and Elena Gaeta's house, as a punk version of "Feliz Navidad" echoes in the air.  "Hello! Merry Christmas!" Santoro shouts. He handles the pulled pork sandwiches, while Coleman unstraps a tree from his bike. In normal years, Pork 'N Pine touted tree setup as part of their package of services. This year, that service is optional, and everyone must wear face masks indoors and outside. Graham and Gaeta are decked out in festive masks, eager for their tree. They say they hired Pork' N Pine to brighten up an otherwise gloomy holiday season. "We got pork sandwiches out of it, so that helped," Graham says. After Coleman set the tree into a base comes the usual question — could he pose for a picture? "You don't get to come out of the house dressed like a mascot and not get pictures taken," Coleman says. The trio stand before the Fraser fir, which spans 7ft tall. Afterwards, Coleman is hit with another standard question. "Do you guys just literally drive the bikes through the city?" Graham asks, skeptical of the Pork 'N Pine bikes, which lack a motor. "Sixty miles every Saturday!" Coleman says. The biking Santas say their goodbyes and deliver a few more trees before arriving at the next home. This time, Santoro does the honors, lifting a 6ft tree over his shoulder and into the Oroczo family's rowhome. "Hello, Merry Christmas!" he shouts, putting his Santa persona on full display for Cecilia, age 5, and Rosa, 3. "How are you?" "We're good," their mother Angela Orozco says. "We're surviving!" The family are repeat customers. It's hard to beat pulled pork and punk Christmas music, Simon Orozco says. "We were worried they wouldn't be doing it because of the pandemic," he says. "So then I looked it up and I was like, 'oh yeah, they're coming this year?' Awesome." With that delivery, the biking Santas have finished the season — one they say was defined by households with new puppies adopted to cure the pandemic blues and socially distanced photos. The two have day jobs, and while they turn a profit from Pork 'N Pine, largely operating it to spread some holiday cheer throughout the city. This year

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: From A New Cd, Pianist

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From a new CD, pianist Antoine Reboulot (ah(n)-twahn reb-boo-LOH) performs "Tenderness," No. 2 of 12 Preludes for Piano, Op. 38, by Louis Vierne (VYAIRN). (CBC Records MVCD1084)


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Question: Filmically Perfect   "CREEP SHOW" 1982

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Five jolting tales of horror from the cryptkeepr! (illustrated by Jack Davis)

Interview with DAVID CALOF cont'd.Floating :30 I.D 12:35 and 12:45]


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Question: 2010 Economy Changed Many Americans' Lives

The Great Recession officially ended in September. But unemployment remains high, foreclosures continue and President Obama has called for a two-year pay freeze for federal workers. Steven Greenhouse of the New York Times talks about the year's economy.

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

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Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: S.F. Wins Round in Health Insurance Battle

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A federal court has cleared the way for San Francisco to start charging employers for the health-care costs of uninsured employees. Restaurant owners have sued to block the ordinance, but for now, the court says the city has the right to begin collecting premiums.

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Bach Brandenburg Concerto

John Gibbons is the harpsichord soloist, with flutist Tara Helen O'Connor and violinist Joseph Silverstein. Together with the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center, they play the Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 by Bach.

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A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: New Federal Rules For Distributing School Money: An 'Unfunded Mandate'?

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Wednesday, the U.S. Department of Education unveiled new rules, explaining to states and districts how they can prove they're spreading resources fairly between poor and less-poor schools. Today's release is a re-write of rules that were first unveiled last spring and that caused quite a stir, creating a political unicorn: a fight in which Republicans and teachers unions found themselves on the same side. That fight hinged on a simple fact of life in America's schools: Districts often spend more money in more affluent schools. That's because teachers in poorer schools that receive federal Title I aid tend to be less experienced and, as a result, less expensive. This spending pattern has, for years, angered civil rights advocates who see it as fundamentally unfair — a system that disadvantages the disadvantaged. But it's hard to imagine a fix that doesn't involve forcing some of those more expensive teachers to teach in poorer schools. Last spring, Education Secretary John B. King Jr. proposed rules that would have attacked that imbalance, for the first time requiring districts to spend "an amount of state and local funds per pupil in each Title I school that is equal to or greater than the average amount spent per pupil in non-Title I schools." That's a complicated way of saying: The system's got to be fair. Opposition from Republicans and teachers unions was fierce. They talked of less-poor schools being forced to cut costs and transfer their best teachers. "We don't want to hurt one school to help another school. We have to help all schools," Randi Weingarten, the president of the American Federation of Teachers, told NPR in May. "If you know other kids are gonna get hurt by this, why would you do it?" Secretary King and his team spent the summer fielding this kind of criticism and promising to rewrite, which brings us full-circle to today's news. So, what's changed in the language? Has King backed down? In short: Not much. And No. "For too long, the students who need the most have gotten the least," King said today in a statement. "No single measure will erase generations of resource inequities, and there is much more work to do across states and districts to address additional resource inequities, but this is a concrete step forward to help level the playing field and ensure compliance with the law." According to today's release, districts could do that in one of four ways:  "A weighted student funding formula that provides additional resources for students ... in poverty, English learners, and students with disabilities, and ensures that each Title I schools receives all of the actual funds to which it is entitled under that system; "A formula that allocates resources including staff positions and non-personnel resources directly to schools, and that ensures each Title I school gets all of the funding it is entitled to, as measured by the sum of (1) the number of personnel in the school multiplied by the district's average salaries for each staff category, and (2) the number of students in the school multiplied by the district's average per-pupil expenditures for non-personnel resources; "An alternative, funds-based test developed by the state and approved by a panel of expert peer reviewers that is as rigorous as the above two options; or "A methodology selected by the district that ensures the per-pupil funding in each Title I school is at least as much as the average per-pupil funding in non-Title I schools within the district."  The new rule, in response to union criticism, also encourages districts to avoid the forced transfer of teachers. To the Education Department's critics, the differences between today's revised language and the original guidance are minor. U.S. Rep. John Kline (R-MN), chairman of the House Committee on Education, came out swinging this morning. "This punitive policy will unleash havoc on schools," he said in a statement. "America's poorest neighborhoods will be hit the hardest as communities are forced to relocate teachers, raise taxes, or both." The AFT's Weingarten was more measured in a statement today: "As much as we agree with the intent, the proposed regulations, as drafted, are an unfunded mandate from Washington that exhorts districts to boost their investment in schools with disadvantaged children without identifying or compelling the resources to do so." "I think it will result in, sort of, Sophie's choices out there," says Chris Minnich, executive director of the Council of Chief State School Officers, "where states will either have to lower spending in certain schools to come into compliance with this rule or states will be making bad choices about how we best serve kids." Minnich says he agrees with the spirit of the rule, to better serve low-income kids, but "that's not what it's going to end up doing." As was the case last spring, this new language appears to have strong support from civil rights leaders. "Our system of funding education is unfair and unwise,"


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Question: Show #41 air date  October 16, 2007

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Health insurance in America is complicated and is a challenge for the business of health care and is also a political football. This week, moderator Terry Phillips leads a discussion about the current state of health care with guests who are truly experts. Dr. Varoujan Altebarmakian, MD is Physician-in-Chief at Kaiser Permanente in Fresno; Tom Epstein is Vice President of Public Affairs for Blue Shield of California; Mark Keppler is the Executive Director of the Maddy Institute at CSU Fresno.

A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: Will Congress Pass Another Economic Relief Bill Anytime Soon?

Washington Post White House reporter Toluse Olorunnipa (@ToluseO) joins Here & Now‘s Jeremy Hobson to discuss news from Congress and the White House on the next bill to help Americans through the coronavirus crisis. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- U.S. Families Stunned By Russia's Ban On Adoptions. -- Remembering Gen. Schwarzkopf, 'Military Hero Of His Generation'. -- Secretary Clinton Due Back At Work Next Week, 'Foreign Policy' Reports. And the other major story of the day, as we reported late Thursday: -- White House To Host Congressional Leaders Friday For Fiscal Deadline Talks. Meanwhile, other stories making headlines include: -- At Least 17 Deaths Blamed On Winter Storm That Crossed Much Of Nation. (The Associated Press) -- Former President George H.W. Bush Remains In Hospital, But Would Urge Folks To "Put The Harps Back In The Closet," Spokeswoman Says. (Houston Chronicle) -- Shooting Appears To Be Chicago's 500th Homicide This Year. (Chicago Tribune)


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Question: Medical Students Say Their Opioid Experiences Will Shape How They Prescribe

When Matthew Braun gets out of medical school, he'll be able to prescribe opioids. A decade ago, he was addicted to them. "The first time I ever used an opioid, I felt the most confident and powerful I'd ever felt," Braun says. "So I said, 'This is it. I want to do this the rest of my life.' " Opioids took away his anxiety, his inhibitions, his depression. And they were easy to get. "I just started breaking into houses," Braun says. "I found it amazing how trusting people were in leaving windows open and doors unlocked, and I found a lot of prescriptions." Vicodin, OxyContin, tramadol. The drugs were everywhere. At the time, more than a decade ago, doctors and dentists were writing lots of prescriptions — even to Braun. "I didn't need 20 Vicodin when I got my wisdom teeth out," he says. "So I just saved them." Braun, who hasn't used opioids in years, is now a first-year medical student at Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences in Yakima, Wash. He told his story at a two-day summit on opioids held in Yakima. One goal of the event was to get past the angry rhetoric that often surfaces in discussions of opioids. "It can get very hostile," says Edward Bilsky, a pain researcher and the university's provost and chief academic officer. Bilsky has heard people in the addiction community blame chronic pain patients for opioid overdoses. The logic is that widespread use of opioids for pain has fueled addiction and abuse. "And on the flip side," Bilsky says, "pain groups are saying, 'No, it's [people in the addiction community] that abuse these drugs, and now I can't get access to something that did give me some semblance of quality of life.' " Bilsky says the summit was designed to help the pain and addiction communities acknowledge common barriers — such as stigma and access to care — and encourage them to work together to find solutions. So in addition to people like Braun, who has experienced addiction, the event included people like Katie Buckman, a third-year medical student at the university who gets severe migraines. "It feels like your head is going to explode," Buckman says. "And on top of that, you can't tolerate light, and the nausea and vomiting — you're just miserable." Migraines almost forced Buckman to leave medical school. But she has been able to continue with help from a primary care doctor who understands the severity of her pain. "If I'm lucky enough to have the migraine between Monday and Friday from 8 to 5," she says, "I can call him and get a shot of Demerol," which is an opioid. That's rare, Buckman adds. Her migraines have largely disappeared since she started on a new preventive drug a few months ago. When they do crop up, her usual remedy is Benadryl and fluids. But Buckman still remembers the stigma that pain patients can face when they show up in a hospital's emergency department. "One time I had a doc, before he even came in and introduced himself as my caregiver, he just popped his head in, said, 'Well, you're not going to be receiving any narcotics today,' " Buckman says. Then there are doctors like Tom Eglin, an emergency physician who also participated in the opioid summit. Eglin is a faculty member at the university and works at Virginia Mason Memorial hospital in Yakima. So he knows what can happen to drug users who take a powerful opioid like fentanyl thinking it's something less potent. "They go into respiratory arrest," he says. "And if they're lucky, [a first-responder] has naloxone and can reverse that." But Eglin also sees patients who clearly need an opioid. They may have excruciating pain from a kidney stone, a fracture or a bad burn. "Pain is the primary reason that people come to the emergency department," he says. "A typical night we're always writing prescriptions for pain medications." The big challenge for an emergency physician is deciding whether a patient with no detectable injury is seeking drugs, Eglin says. "Sometimes it's obvious," he says. "But the majority of the time, it's not just difficult — it's impossible." Disabling back pain, for example, often occurs in patients with normal X-rays and CT scans. And maybe, Eglin says, looking for drug-seeking behavior isn't a doctor's most important job when someone comes to them in distress. "I try not to make that judgment," Eglin says. "Whether they're addicted or whether they're a migraine sufferer, they are still there for pain relief. And most people who are addicted still have the perception of bad pain." What's frustrating, Eglin says, is that even when patients end up in the emergency room from an overdose, there's no easy way to get them into a treatment program. "Most of the time they get discharged to the street," he says. People addicted to opioids and people in chronic pain have a lot in common: Both groups face stigma, often struggle to get treatment and need doctors who understand their problem. That's a lesson medical students Buckman and Braun have embraced. Once she's a doctor, Buckman says,

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