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Question: Band of Horses: A Sort of Homecoming

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Everything All the Time, the debut album from Band of Horses, appeared on many critics' year-end Top 10 lists in 2006. For their follow-up, the band's members decided to start over. Lead singer and songwriter Ben Bridwell is a native of South Carolina, a high-school dropout who moved to Seattle, where he played drums in a band called Carissa's Wierd. Then came Band of Horses and its hit album in March 2006. Last winter, the band — which contains more than one South Carolina native — made a curious decision for an indie-rock group: It left Seattle and moved back to a suburb of Charleston, S.C., to be closer to family. Band of Horses just released its second album, called, appropriately enough, Cease to Begin. When they returned to Seattle to play a show, its members stopped in to NPR member station KEXP to perform some of their songs. They talked with Steve Inskeep about their new album, their recent move and their South Carolina roots. STEVE INSKEEP, host:  Two friends played Little League Baseball together in South Carolina, and then they grew up to play music together.  (Soundbite of song, "The General Specific")  Mr. BEN BRIDWELL (Lead Singer, Band of Horses): (Singing) If you try, I'll make it really getting me killed. He had a (unintelligible) coat I didn't even see you're seeing another one. The heartache in me, is it all?  INSKEEP: That's the group called Band of Horses. Their new album is called "Cease to Begin."  (Soundbite of song, "Unidentified")  Mr. BRIDWELL: (Singing) …do you (unintelligible), you're going back to the south.  INSKEEP: If you get your music through iTunes, theirs is among the music most downloaded. Rolling Stones' latest issue names them the hot band.  Today, Band of Horses is the subject of MORNING EDITION's latest music moment.  The group's members include two guys from Irmo, South Carolina, population 12,000. It's home of the Okra Strut Festival, and for a time, home to certain pair of high school dropouts, Ryan Monroe and Ben Bridwell.  Mr. BRIDWELL: I dropped out of high school and I didn't - it didn't, like, I was going to do anything normal, I guess. Same with Ryan, I would imagine that you graduated, right?  Mr. RYAN MONROE (Member, Band of Horses): Not from high school, no.  (Soundbite of laughter)  Mr. MONROE (Member, Band of Horses): But, from the 11th grade, yes, I did. And thank you for asking.  (Soundbite of laughter)  INSKEEP: And you, Ben, also dropped out?  Mr. BRIDWELL: I dropped out in my second ninth-grade year.  INSKEEP: You second ninth-grade year.  Mr. BRIDWELL: Yes, sir.  INSKEEP: Were you playing music at that time?  Mr. BRIDWELL: I was not. No, I had no idea how to play any music. I was…  INSKEEP: Because I was waiting if you had a redeeming story if we found out that you were burning to play music and that's where you went secretly to go play while you couldn't…  Mr. BRIDWELL: No, I was like staring at Led Zeppelin black light posters, which means (unintelligible).  INSKEEP: Is there any - if there any a little bit of music that has come out of your academic experience?  Mr. MONROE: oh, absolutely. There's a little number called "Weed Party" that reminds me of being a kid - driving around, not going to school and listening to music with the windows rolled down.  (Soundbite of song, "Weed Party")  Mr. BRIDWELL: (Singing) It's a good day to skip because the party's gonna call, call.  INSKEEP: And then made your first album here, didn't it?  Mr. BRIDWELL: It sure did. It didn't look like it was going through. The producer hated it so much like I brought him those lyrics. And man, that, producer could have been more than happy with that song.  INSKEEP: What's the lyric that the producer especially despised?  Mr. BRIDWELL: I think anyone with the word weed in it.  (Soundbite of song, "Weed Party")  Mr. BRIDWELL: (Singing) Anytime the party's gonna call, call.  INSKEEP: A lack of schooling and even a lack of musical training did not, in the end, stop Band of Horses. The future members of the band moved to Seattle. They worked in restaurants. They learned their instruments. And they say, they gradually did well enough to win some acceptance from their parents who were once dismayed by their sons who dropped out of school.  Mr. MONROE: I think we eventually did. Just like last week we see eye to eye now on the whole subject.  Mr. BRIDWELL: Oh really.  (Soundbite of laughter)  Mr. BRIDWELL: Nice. Now, that you're 30 or whatever.  Mr. MONROE: Now, I'm 30. Yeah.  (Soundbite of laughter)  Mr. MONROE: I just turned 30 last week.  INSKEEP: There's plenty of time to talk about it now. After years in Seattle, the founders of the group have moved closer to their families back home to South Carolina, which is their basis - their latest album "Cease to Begin" captures attention.  (Soundbite of song, "Marry Song")  Mr. BRIDWELL: (Singing) I'll marry my lover in a place to admire. I don't have to ask her I can look in her eyes and thank God that I am forgiven.  INSKEEP: T

Stories: 1) 'Headmaster' Has Still Got Plenty of Soul 2) Sarah Johns' 'Big Love in a Small Town'


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Question: 'Beasts Of The Southern Wild' Shines At Sundance

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The Sundance Film Festival wraps up this weekend in Park   City, Utah. Movies, more movies, and finally some snowfall have been on offer at the gathering famously backed by Robert Redford.

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Stories: 1) Anderson, Recreating 'Blood' History 2) A Conversation About 'Eastern Promises' 3) An Oscar with your 'Ratatouille'? 4) Tamara Jenkins' Film Nominated for Oscars 5) 'Juno': Not Your Average Teen Pregnancy Movie 6) Review, 'Be Kind, Rewind'


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Question: Who's Bill This Time?

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "the Duller report," "Oprah makes fruit salad" and "take a hike, ladies!"

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: Md. Governor Orders Closure Of 'Deplorable' Baltimore City Jail

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Gov. Larry Hogan says he has ordered the immediate closure of the Baltimore City Detention Center, which a federal probe revealed in 2013 as being riddled with corruption, from smuggling to sex between inmates and guards. Update at 3:15 p.m. ET: Inmates Were Running Jail, Hogan Says Saying that the Baltimore facility is the only city prison in the entire country that's run by a state government, Hogan says it is time for a change. "For years, the Black Guerilla gang maintained a stronghold over this facility," the governor said. He added, "Inmates were literally running this prison." Hogan said that jail employees either stood by or enabled the criminal enterprise, which he said ranks as "one of the biggest failures in leadership in the history of Maryland." Calling the jail a disgrace, Hogan said the idea that the dozens of criminal indictments related to the jail were a kind of victory was "phony political spin on a prison culture created by an utter failure" of leadership. Hogan said the "deplorable facility" will be shut down immediately, adding that he can't understand why it has taken so long to close the expensive jail. The jail's inmates will be transferred to other facilities, he said. David Fathi, who directs the ACLU's National Prison Project, says, "We are relieved that Baltimore detainees will no longer be forced to live in the Men's Detention Center, a building that should have been condemned decades ago." Fathi added that "dangerous physical conditions and shockingly deficient medical and mental health care" exist in many jail facilities that remain open. Our original post continues: The investigation that was unveiled in the spring of 2013 resulted in the indictment of "25 people — including 13 women working as corrections officers" — on racketeering and drug charges, as the Two-Way reported. In total, 44 defendants faced charges in the case. "The Civil War era jail was taken over by the state in 1991," The Baltimore Sun reports, adding that the jail " — which has 1,092 male inmates, including 145 awaiting trial — is part of a larger complex of corrections facilities just east of downtown Baltimore." In addition to running a lucrative smuggling operation that centered on cellphones, drugs and other contraband, federal prosecutors said that "one of the prisoners, a gang leader named Tavon White, fathered children with four female corrections officers," as NPR's Scott Simon said in 2013. "Two of them even have his name tattooed on their bodies."

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For example, ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Michele Norris speaks with Dr. Dimitri Christakis, director of the  Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development at Seattle Children's Research Institute, about how parents can navigate the world of children's TV programs. A new study done at the University of Virginia with a group of 4 year olds found those who'd watched the fast-paced cartoon SpongeBob SquarePants performed worse on mental function tests than their peers who watched the slower-paced cartoon Calliou or who simply spent their time drawing. Christakis says young children's brains get over-stimulated by the faster-paced programs — and urges parents to think about what kind of television-watching experience they want their children to have."] should be similar to ['Represent the input', "How Can Parents Navigate Children's TV Shows?"]

Good morning - here are some stories we're following today: Luxury Cars Do Poorly In New Type Of Crash Test. Unsealed Documents 'Hint At The Evidence' In Colorado Shootings. N.J. Gov. Chris Christie, Fla. Senator Marco Rubio To Give Key Speeches At Republican National Convention. (National Journal) Western Wildfires Destroy Homes, Leave One Firefighter Dead. (AP) Defected Syrian Prime Minister Claims Assad Regime Is Collapsing. (BBC) In A Change, Iran Now Welcomes Aid For Earthquake Victims. (VOA) French Youths Clash With Police For Second Night. (Reuters) Violence Turns Deadly Between Two Unions At South African Platinum Mine. (AllAfrica.com) Educational Accrediting Agency Issues Warning To Penn State. (USA Today) Conn. Woman Wrongly Billed For 25 Years For Streetlights, Gets Refund. (Hartford Courant)


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Question: From A Performance Given

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From a performance given at De Doelen, the home of the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra, that ensemble plays "An American in Paris" by George Gershwin. (Radio Netherlands/European Broadcasting Union)

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


Question: National Journal: Bin Laden Has Cost The U.S. $3 Trillion

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With some fascinating analysis, The National Journal concludes that "The most expensive public enemy in American history died [Monday] from two bullets." So how did they calculate how much the U.S. has spent because of Osama bin Laden? Among other things, they added up the costs of the two wars caused by Sept. 11, the cost of upping security after the 1998 bombing of U.S. embassies in Africa and then the shear cost of damage resulting from 9/11 and the 2000 bombing of the USS Cole. The total? $3 trillion over the past 15 years. That compares to $4.4 trillion (in 2011 dollars) fighting Adolf Hitler, which the magazine says had plenty of economic benefit including ending the Great Depression. Timothy McVeigh, the National Journal reports, cost the U.S. $1.08 billion. This fits nicely with a piece that Washington Post's Ezra Klein wrote earlier in the week. Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, a counter terrorism expert, told Ezra that despite the fact that the U.S. didn't get close to say enacting sharia law, "bin Laden has been enormously successful." And here's why:  Bin Laden, according to Gartenstein-Ross, had a strategy that we never bothered to understand, and thus that we never bothered to defend against. What he really wanted to do — and, more to the point, what he thought he could do — was bankrupt the United States of America. After all, he'd done the bankrupt-a-superpower thing before. And though it didn't quite work out this time, it worked a lot better than most of us, in this exultant moment, are willing to admit.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In Hong Kong, Police Clear Final 'Occupy' Protest Site. -- U.S. Says It Has Closed Its Final Detention Center In Afghanistan. And here are more early headlines: The Latest On The Congressional Omnibus Spending Bill. (Politico) U.N Official Calls For Prosecution Of U.S. Agents In Harsh Interrogations. (Newsweek) U.S. Finds Medical Bills Lead Americans' Unpaid Debts. (CFPB) Study Finds More Than 5 Trillion Pieces Of Plastic In World's Oceans. (New York Times) British, Irish Prime Ministers Join Northern Irish Peace Talks. (BBC) Falling Oil Prices Swell Alaska's Potential Budget Deficit. (AP) After 12 Days, Missing Boater Found Miles Off Hawaii. (Christian Science Monitor)


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Encore: Artist Makes It Big With Adult Coloring Books

As adult coloring books hit the bestseller list on Amazon, NPR's Audie Cornish talks to illustrator Johanna Basford. This story originally aired on April 1, 2015, on All Things Considered.

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Stories: 1) John Waters: A Bad Influence Picks His 'Role Models' 2) Summer Titles That Will Transport You Into The Past 3) Elizabeth Cook: Transcending A Cult Career


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Question: From One Of Ted's Recommended

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From one of Ted's recommended recordings, Pierre Monteux conducts the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in the finale of Cesar Franck's Symphony in D Minor. (RCA 6805-2-RG)

2021 Podcast By Emily M. 9/11 NPR A Cultural Disconnect: The US and Iran A Dive into Diversity Aidan Sockrider's NPR Student Contest Submission Albert Barnes All About Cancel Culture All Natural: Yellowstone National Park An Ode to Ants Anxiety In Kids and Teens AP B3 A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words A Possibly Positive Pandemic? Arab Teens Asian Stereotypes Athlete's Corner: Pandemics, Protein Shakes, and Home Workouts Auggie's Pet Podcast Avocado Mafia Break In The Story Of Laurie Dann Butterflies in our Stomach Butterflies Unscripted Candy to My Ears Charlie's Family Podcast Charlie Brown Parallels to the Past Part Two Cinthia A - NPR Podcast Challenge 2021 Climate Change Coping with Covid Covid Conversations Creativity and Nature Dancing Fire Dark 'n' Stormy Dark Childhood Theories Death By Sugar: The Great Molasses Flood Of 1919 Different Bodies, Different Reasons Dinosaurs Drinks with a Tasteful Twist Environmental Activism With Orla Malloy Escape From Alcatraz Evolution Of Slang Exhale Forget, Fix, or Forgive Food Waste Frog Bridge & The Soul of Willimantic Genres Of Music Gratitude GSNPR Podcast Contest Guinness World Records Harmful Gender Norms Haunted Hometown: Pleasanton, California Helmet Podcast Hieu Tam Pham High School Memories History of Music Hole Donut How Are Sports Affected? How Can We Stop Global Warming How the first trillionaire will come about How to Bake the World's Best Chocolate Chip Cookies How to Make Students' Lives Engaging During COVID-19 Hyphenated I Am Black Excellence If You Close Your Eyes In a Pickle Inclusion Indian Small Farmers' Fight for Democracy Industry Juniors Interviews with Grandma In The Eye Of The Storm IRL Podcast It's A Twin Thing Japanime Podcast Just Clowning Around KIDWARZ Leadership Podcast Legal Misconduct Let's Talk About Sustainability! LGBTQ discrimination Life Of A Racecar Driver Llama Podcast Local Artist LOTR Male Depression Match Of The Century Media and Reality: TV's Effect on Black Women Megan Ramirez NPR Mental Health For Students Mental Health in Movies and TV Mirror, Mirror On The Dog Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women Miss Mattie and Scooter Mouse MLK Marches in Cicero My Small Business Journey Mysterious Earth Nad - Cast 1 - 3 12 21, 10.45 PM Nate Drohan: Sleep Talk Podcast Native American Mascots Neighborhood News NMC21: Q No Longer a Child One year of distance Online or in person schooling? Operation Paperclip Opinions on Group Homes Pandemic Blues Pandemics and Students Parents Just Don't Understand Parents Vs. Kids Pickled Punks Podcast PTSD: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly Quarantine Daydreams R.O.G.U.E. Podcast Episode 4 Part 1: Authenticity Representation In Film Risk Takers Podcast Sardines Lost At Sea Scary Story Slight of Hand Sophia's Podcast on Eagles Speech And Debate Podcast Stories Around The Ghost Light: 24 Hours Before You Lose It All Survival Of The Vietnam War Taylor A's Story Technology Dating Texting While Zooming The Breakout Room The Days Before US The Degradation of the Y Chromosome The Effect Of Machismo The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly: The Electoral College The Great Emu War The Hauntings of Breckie The Hauntings of Breckie The History of Classical Music The Importance Of Self Care During A Pandemic The Inexplicable Heist The Lavender Scare The Mystery Of Roanoke Island The Podcast People There is a Banana in my Podcast The Rise Of Anti - Asian Hate The Simpsons Podcast The Speculative Implications of Trans- Temporal Travel The Subtle Things: Teacher-Student Relationships The Trolley Problem The Underlying Problems In The Gaming Industry The Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Water Rights Settlement Act The Weekend that Went Wrong This or That: School Edition Through Many Glass Ceilings Thurscast TriplePoint Two Brothers, One Mother Tye Rollins: A Hero in Scrubs and a White Coat Understanding the Hijab Unknown Monsters: Climate Change Victoria Viruses are NOT a Race Voices Of Hawaii Weird Laws in America What's Good? What is Worth Fighting For? Where Are You Daddy? Why TikTok is a Black Hole Zobia and Lila


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Question: White House Spokesman Fleischer to Step Down

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White House press secretary Ari Fleischer announces he will resign in July to enter the private sector after 21 years in government and politics. Presidential aides say Fleischer's replacement will likely be deputy press secretary and Texas native Scott McClellan, though there are other possibilities. Hear NPR's Don Gonyea.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Mac Miller: 'It's OK To Feel Yourself'

Mac Miller met us in LA, which he had recently left. Ali and Mac have known each other for some time, so this interview was a chance for them to reconnect on the other side of some months of internal turmoil and growth the Pittsburgh rapper had to get through. We spoke about fame, performance and wading through other people's prejudice when you're a rapper who's white. ALI SHAHEED MUHAMMAD: Mac Miller in the building. What's happening? MILLER: Oh, you know, just glad to be back. Very excited. I couldn't even sleep last night. MUHAMMAD: You mean back in L.A.? MILLER: Yeah. Back on the road. Back doing music professionally. MUHAMMAD: How's it feel to be back? MILLER: It's good. It was a little scary at first, but that's -- MUHAMMAD: Is it like Cheers when Norm walks in? It's like, he walks in; he's back. It's like, "Norm!" MILLER: Yeah. I never watched Cheers actually. MUHAMMAD: Sorry. I'm dating myself right there. Doggonit. MILLER: No, you know what it's like? You just jump, and then everything's good. It's been great. Just releasing an album. There's no better feeling in the world. You know. MUHAMMAD: It's been a long time. I forgot. That muscle's sleeping. MILLER: I mean, hey, two years, I forgot too. MUHAMMAD: How's it going? MILLER: It's been going well. It's been like — I find myself — actually, the reception of it doesn't affect me as much. It's all been very positive though. Maybe if it was all negative it would affect me more. But I find myself just really enjoying the moment. Like, less about reading these reviews front-to-back or going through comments and more like just happy to have something out and to be touring. I had a show in Pittsburgh and sold out 5,000, and that was an amazing feeling. To be home. We did a little, like, Mayor Mac Miller. MUHAMMAD: Mayor Mac Miller? MILLER: Hometown hero. No, we did just a whole thing in Pittsburgh, which was cool. Cause Pittsburgh doesn't get a lot of stuff like that. MUHAMMAD: How often do you perform in Pittsburgh? MILLER: Not — I mean, every tour. But this is my first tour in two years, really. I've done shows here and there and spot dates, and I've done little runs. But this is my first solid tour that I've had since the Space Migration. MUHAMMAD: Did you start the tour in hometown? MILLER: Yeah. So basically it's like the album release shows, which are all intimate venues other than Pittsburgh, which was like a 5,000. But the L.A. show was like 1,200. And then we're doing a New York that's 500, another New York one that's 600. And then some Europes — some Europes. Some Europe ones that are around the same. Which are my favorite, because it's all people that know every word. And I love those shows. MUHAMMAD: Do you have the ultimate — you might have already accomplished this. But everyone has that hometown venue that it's like, "When I make it" — you know that dream of one day, if I make it — when I make it — and when I make it, I'ma play here. Have you done that? MILLER: Yeah, but not on my own. MUHAMMAD: OK. MILLER: Wiz and I did the Post-Gazette Pavilion. Which was huge. That was like 25-26,000 people. MUHAMMAD: What's so special about it? MILLER: It's just like — well, growing up in Pittsburgh, there wasn't a lot of venues, right? There's the Shadow Lounge, which I played at. That's where I came up in. It was like the smaller hip-hop/jazz venue. And then they made Stage AE, which is like — there's an indoor that's about 2,500 and an outdoor that's 5,000. I've done both of those. But then like the big concerts were at Post-Gazette Pavilion, which might be called Star Lake now. Or it used to be Star Lake and now — whatever it is. I call it Post-Gazette Pavilion. And it's just like this huge lawn, where if anyone big came through, that's where they go. Like Wayne. Oh, I guess now they have the Consol Energy Center too, but I want to do the Post-Gazette Pavilion. MUHAMMAD: So you played there with Wiz -- MILLER: Right. MUHAMMAD: — and it felt kind of like, "I'm almost there?" MILLER: Yeah, I mean, the fans definitely all were there for both of us. It was crazy. MUHAMMAD: So next time the big target is you headlining basically. MILLER: Right. Right. For sure. MUHAMMAD: Alright. MILLER: We got a little bit to go, but who knows. You never know. But I mean, it was an amazing feeling just because that's a venue that I don't think I ever even dreamed of — like I never even saw that as possible. Other things I'm like, "Yeah, I'll do that," but not Post-Gazette Pavilion. FRANNIE KELLEY: What did you think was going to be like the peak? Where were you going to max out? And why? MILLER: I also — at the same time I also got kind of spoiled. Because when I first came out, there was this thing in Boston called the Boston Urban Music Festival that they don't do anymore because I'll tell you in a second. And it's a free show that they did at City Hall in Boston. And this is when I was doing shows that were like 300, 600 cap. So it was like — whatever. I went to do

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Stories: 1) Timberlake On 'N Sync, Acting And Bringing Sexy Back 2) Sarah Blasko: An Intimate Voice, An Inventive Sound 3) If A TV Show Turns 50 And No One Notices...


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Question: Take That! High-Tech Ways To Fight Off Pirates

Modern pirates are creating a market for modern pirate repellents.  The owners of ships that ply the dangerous waters near Somalia are looking at options including slippery foam, lasers, electric fences, water cannons and high-intensity sound.  As this researcher demonstrates, once a surface —  like a ship's deck or stairs — is coated with the slippery foam, it's impossibly to walk or climb even with the aid of a harness.   MICHELE NORRIS, host:  Modern pirates are creating a market for modern pirate repellents. The owners of ships that ply the waters near Somalia are looking at lasers, electric fences, water cannons and high-intensity sound.  As NPR's John Hamilton reports, they're ready to try just about anything except old fashioned guns.  JOHN HAMILTON: Most shipping companies still don't want guns on their vessels. Crews aren't trained to use them, they're dangerous if you're carrying stuff that burns, like oil or gas. And many ports refuse entry to armed ships. But there are other approaches. Crews have already shown that a blast from an ordinary fire hose can discourage an unwelcome visitor.  And now they can use the Force 80 Anti Pirate Water Cannon.  ROGER BARRETT JAMES (Unifire): Basically the Force 80 Water Cannon is a stainless steel, remote-controlled squirt gun.  (Soundbite of laughter)  HAMILTON: Roger Barrett James is with the Swedish firm Unifire, which makes the Force 80. He says it's no ordinary squirt gun. It  has a three inch nozzle that can send 1,400 gallons a minute, 100 yards in any direction.  Mr. JAMES: It is a tremendous force of water and will knock over anything in its path and can also flood a pirate's ship very quickly.  HAMILTON: And since it works by remote control, pirates can't easily shoot the operator.  Another approach is called the Mobility Denial System. It's a slippery foam that can be sprayed on just about any surface. Ron Mathis, of Southwest Research Institute, says the foam was developed for the Marine Corps to control unruly crowds. But, he says...  Mr. RON MATHIS (Senior Program Manager, Southwest Research Institute): The pirate application definitely looks like a strong candidate.  HAMILTON: Spray the decks of an approaching vessel, Mathis says, and the pirates would have trouble staying upright let alone boarding another ship.  Mr. MATHIS: It would essentially be like standing on a grease surface that is tilting back and forth.  HAMILTON: And if water cannons and slippery foam aren't enough, there's always this option.  (Soundbite of promotional ad)  Unidentified Man: In response to the terrorist attack on the USS Cole in October of 2000, American Technology Corporation created a device like no other: LRAD, the long range acoustic device.  HAMILTON: It's a high-powered directional loudspeaker that can be heard more than a mile away. A Japanese destroyer used the hailing function of an LRAD just a few weeks ago to turn away pirates who were attacking a tanker from Singapore. LRAD usually comes with recordings of useful phrases, like "You must leave the area immediately," in lots of languages including Somali.  Robert Putnam of American Technology says that keeps fishermen at a safe distance and gives pirates pause.  Mr. ROBERT PUTNAM (American Technology): Knowing that they've lost the element of surprise is half the battle. Most pirate incidents would never occur once they know at that distance that they've been discovered.  HAMILTON: For pirates who keep coming anyway, the LRAD has another feature.  (Soundbite of a high pitched tone)  HAMILTON: A deterrent tone, loud and focused enough to cause severe pain and even deafness if you're directly in its path. But Captain John Konrad, who blogs for the Web site gcaptain.com, says no anti-pirate device is perfect. Ear protection can defeat an acoustic device. Goggles can nullify blinding lasers. Electric fences can be cut.  Konrad, who's in Korea at the moment, says the best solution is to spot pirates before they get close.  Captain JOHN KONRAD (Blogger, Gcaptain.com): The best case scenario is that you find these vessels early enough, that you can get a Navy ship detached to your location and let them handle the situation.  HAMILTON: So he's a big fan of small unmanned spotter planes that can be launched from a ship's deck.  John Hamilton, NPR News.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: Democrats Unleashed Some 'Dubious Or Misleading Claims,' Fact Checkers Say. Michelle Obama: 'Being President...Reveals Who You Are.' And here are other morning headlines: Deadly Shooting Breaks Out At Victory Party For Quebec's First Female Premier-Elect. (CTV) U.N. Says Nations Arming Both Sides In Syrian Conflict. (Reuters) Hurricane Isaac Washed Old Tar Ashore In Louisiana, Triggering Fishing Restrictions. (AP) Pirates Off Nigeria's Coast Hijack Oil Tanker. (BBC) Unification Church Readies For Thousands Attending Rev. Moon's Funeral. (AFP) Striking Workers March Near Troubled South African Platinum Mine. (AFP) Apple Issues Invitation To Mystery 'Event': Could It Be A New IPhone? (CNET) The Pigs Of 'Angry Birds' Fame Get Their Own Mobile Game. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "Putting the Ass in Ambassador," "Deflated Debate" and "Breaking Up is Easy To Do."

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Question: A World Of Differences For NHL Players In Sochi

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Robert speaks with ESPN's Scott Burnside about the differences between ice hockey as it's played in the National Hockey League and in the Olympics. One main difference is that when the games are played outside of North America, the dimensions of the rink are larger, changing the tactics of the teams.

Good morning, here are our top stories: For Obama, Vindication, Not A Mandate. World Reacts To Obama's Reelection. Republicans Keep The House; Democrats To Retain Senate. And here are other morning headlines: Powerful Winter Storm Aims For Region Affected By Superstorm Sandy. (National Weather Service) Syrian Rebels Try To Bomb Assad's Palace But Miss Their Target. (Reuters) E-U Warns Europe Will See Deep Recession In 2013, Growing Unemployment. (Wall Street Journal) Suzuki Motors Will Leave The U.S. Car Market, Will Still Offer Motorcycles. (Bloomberg) Pro Hockey Owners And Players Will Continue Secret Contract Bargaining Talks Today In Secret Location. (CBC) Gunman In Fresno, Calif. Processing Plant Kills Two, Wounds Two Before Killing Himself. (AP) Two Whales Found Dead On New Zealand Beach Are Rare Species, Almost Unseen By Humans. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

A little Dasch of scandal for the Obama administration; A half-million dollar bonus? How am I supposed to feed my family? A great slide and catch at the Super Bowl ...

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: How Black Lives Have Always Mattered: A Reading List

This year, Black History Month carries a special significance, because America is marking not just the 150th anniversary of Emancipation, but also the 50th anniversary of the Voting Rights Act. It was propelled into reality through the heroic witness of non-violent demonstrations in Selma, Alabama and across the nation. But the freedom dreams of enslaved Africans, southern sharecroppers and northern militants too often remain muted in the popular imagination of our own times. Black political radicalism fueled America's democratic imagination, even as institutions of white supremacy, Jim Crow, and racial and economic exploitation remained determined to extinguish the flames of black liberation and rebellion. Several recent history books help illuminate the historical contradictions that Black History Month exemplifies, namely, how a nation founded on racial slavery became both a beacon for radical hope and a defender of racial segregation and economic injustice. The common denominator coursing through the collective veins of these works is the importance of radical black political self-determination in the face of state violence and institutional racism. Crucially, they all go against the grain of contemporary discussions of race and democracy by illustrating how what we've charitably described as "contradictions" — slavery, racism, Jim Crow, racial inequality — are in fact some of the central building blocks of American democracy. Importantly, and hopefully, they remind us of the way in which black-led social justice movements — from anti-slavery to civil rights — offer a powerful alternative vision of American society, one free of bondage, racial and economic injustice, and institutional exploitation. This emancipatory vision adds substance to the symbolism attached to Black History by illustrating exactly how and why black lives have always mattered in America's past, present, and future. Peniel E. Joseph is a professor of history at Tufts University and the author of Dark Days, Bright Nights: From Black Power to Barack Obama. You can follow him on Twitter @PenielJoseph.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: NASCAR Royal Family Locked in Dispute

The Earnhardt family is a NASCAR dynasty: Dale Earnhardt Sr., died in 2001's Daytona 500, and son Dale Jr., has been following in his father's tire treads for years. But now, a dispute between the younger Earnhardt and his father's widow threatens the future of the family's NASCAR team.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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Another big blow was struck late last week against the embattled plan for tribal gambling in the desert city of Barstow, as federal officials rejected the land applications of two out-of-the area tribes.
On Friday, the U.S. Department of the Interior rejected requests from both the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians and the [...]

San Diego County Sues to Overturn Legal Marijuana. High School Exit Exam Settlement. End Music.


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan


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Question: Feds Reject Barstow Casino Plan

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For instance, <<['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', 'On Wednesday, the Federal Aviation Administration grounded all Boeing 737 Max planes operated by American companies or flying in U.S. territory, after a deadly crash involving a 737 Max aircraft in Ethiopia. \n#FAA statement on the temporary grounding of @Boeing 737 MAX aircraft operated by U.S. airlines or in a U.S. territory. pic.twitter.com/tCxSakbnbH — The FAA (@FAANews) March 13, 2019   Why did the FAA wait so long to ground these jets? “I think that these two accidents will become incredibly important in the history of aviation safety. The reputation of the FAA has certainly been blemished for the short term,” Wall Street Journal reporter Andy Pasztor told us earlier this week. “I think the FAA has not fully understood that the world and the reaction to crashes around the globe has changed. They failed to understand that out of an abundance of caution, so many countries took the unilateral step of putting these planes on the ground.” Now, an international investigation is underway in France. If investigators are able to extract data from the aircraft, they’ll gain insight into “what the pilots were doing, saying and what commands they were putting into the system and how the plane was reacting to that,” Pasztor said. That’s only one of several investigations we’ve been following this week. On Wednesday, former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort was sentenced to 7.5 years in prison — an additional 43 months on top of his original sentence for charges of federal conspiracy and obstruction. “I am sorry for what I’ve done,” Manafort told the courtroom, changing his tack from the last hearing. “Let me be very clear, I accept the responsibility for the acts that caused me to be here today.” But Manafort’s legal troubles might not stop there. From CNN:  The biggest surprise came moments after the hearing adjourned, when the Manhattan district attorney revealed a new case against Manafort involving alleged business and mortgage fraud offenses in violation of New York state law — a set of 16 charges for which, if he is found guilty, could not be pardoned by President Donald Trump, who only has power over federal cases. Manafort has not yet appeared in court for that case.  Meanwhile, Andrew Weissmann, a prominent member of Robert Mueller’s special counsel investigation into the 2016 election, will leave the team and the Justice Department, according to two sources who spoke to NPR’s Carrie Johnson. Does this mean the Mueller investigation is wrapping up? And if so, will the report be made available to the public? In the midst of increasing calls for President Trump’s impeachment, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi elaborated on her position this week. “I’m not for impeachment,” she told The Washington Post. “Impeachment is so divisive to the country that unless there’s something so compelling and overwhelming and bipartisan, I don’t think we should go down that path, because it divides the country. And he’s just not worth it.” And in 2020 campaign news, Beto O’Rourke — former Texas congressman and senatorial candidate — has thrown his hat in the presidential ring. We’re wrapping the week in domestic news. Text by Kathryn Fink. GUESTS Abby Phillip, White House correspondent, CNN; @abbydphillip Reid Wilson, National correspondent, The Hill; @PoliticsReid Julie Pace, Washington bureau chief, The Associated Press; @jpaceDC For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2019 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.']>>  to "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth!', 'Friday News Roundup - Domestic']"


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Question: Film Academy Announces New Diversity Requirements For Best Picture Nominees

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has established new diversity and representation rules for films that want to qualify for best picture, beginning in 2024.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Al Qaida In Yemen Takes Responsibility For Paris Attack. -- Post-Attack Edition Of 'Charlie Hebdo' Sells Out In France. And here are more early headlines: Space Station Astronauts Safe; Odd Technical Reading Investigated. (AP) House Poised To Act On Bill Tied To Obama's Immigration Decision. (CNN) Tsarnaev Lawyers Cite Paris Attacks, Ask For Jury Selection Delay. (Boston Globe) Report: U.S. Hands Over Lord's Resistance Army Leader To Uganda. (AP) Hong Kong Leader Gives Speech As Opposition Lawmakers Protest. (BBC) Refugee Hunger Strikers In Australia Demand U.N. Intervention. (Sydney Morning Herald) Congestion Continues At West Coast Ports Despite Talks. (Los Angeles Times) Domestic Violence Charges Dropped Against Soccer Star Hope Solo. (Seattle Times) "Transformers" Leads Nominations For Worst In Film For 2015 Razzies. (E! Online)


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Question: 1. Voices In The News

A sound montage of a few prominent voices in this past week's news, including Sen. Jess Helms (R-NC), President Bill Clinton on the chemical arms treaty; gunfire from the Peru rescue mission; Anthony Vincent, the Canadian Ambassador to Peru; Father Juan Julio Wicht, a Jesuit priest and a former hostage in Peru; and pro golfer Fuzzy Zoeller.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: The Case For 1971 As Rock's Greatest Year

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What do Van Morrison's "Domino," the Rolling Stones' "Brown Sugar" and Marvin Gaye's "What's Going On?" have in common? All of them were recorded or became hits in 1971 — the year music journalist David Hepworth insists is the best year in rock 'n' roll history. In his new book, Never a Dull Moment, Hepworth makes the case that the music from 1971 was the result of "a huge explosion of creativity in a very short period of time" and lives on in the present like most old music does not. He explained his theory to NPR's Kelly McEvers; hear the radio version at the audio link, and read an edited version below. Kelly McEvers: You write about this idea that record companies had during this period, where once you've had a successful release, there shouldn't be much of a delay before the next one. Don't hesitate, don't edit yourself — you, the 26-year-old dynamo you, should just go for it. David Hepworth: They had no reason to believe that these people were going to continue to be popular longer than a few years. The most extreme case is David Bowie: He releases The Man Who Sold the World, records and releases Hunky Dory, and then records all but one track of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars in the year 1971. They were just racing to take advantage of the opportunity they suddenly got, and they didn't waste an enormous amount of time, like they have done since, in polishing the thing afterwards. They worked on the principle of, "Your first thought is your best thought." And they were their best thoughts. Just on your David Bowie premise alone, I'm feeling more convinced that 1971 was a good year — but there were so many major albums that year, and I just wanted to run through a few of them and get your thoughts. One that I hadn't thought about in a while is Carole King's Tapestry. You say this album took off for many reasons, one of which is that she sang the way we all thought we could sing. It's a quote from one of her fellow singers, that "she has the voice that every woman likes to think she has." I think it's a fair point that it's not like a performer's voice — it's a very personal voice, like an interior voice. Prior to that really, she'd only done demos for professional singers to do professional versions of. And so what Lou Adler, her producer, wanted to do was to make a record that felt like a demo, that had that kind of integrity of a pencil sketch. Which is one of the beautiful things about it. An album that I don't think many people would argue with is Led Zeppelin's IV. The band kind of ignored the press and didn't have traditional album covers, and because of that was able to create its own mythology. It's something that you say would be impossible to do now.  One of the points I make in the book is that social media has made it impossible for bands nowadays to have the mystique that Led Zeppelin had in 1971. You never saw them on the television, you hardly ever saw a photograph of them, you had very little idea what they looked like or how they stood onstage or how they behaved. You couldn't go to YouTube and look up loads of clips of them. So Led Zeppelin very cunningly exploited this. The packaging of Led Zeppelin's IV doesn't have the name of the band, doesn't have the name of the album: It's got a guy on the cover with a load of sticks on his back. This record didn't quite get to No. 1 in the United States — it went to No. 2 — but stayed on the charts for years and years and years. Do you think 1971 is the best year because it was a formative year for you, personally? I know you were 21 then, and it was the first year you were a music journalist, so of course that's going to feel huge. But there are other years, right? 1969 was also a major year! There's loads of very good years, and there are books being written about other years. There's a very good book about 1966, a book about 1957. And they're all perfectly admissible subjective accounts. But it stands to reason that one of us must be objectively correct, and I think that's me! I think you only have to go into your local coffee shop, and the evidence of that great "I am" will be available to you. In terms of the fact that I was 21 at the time, I don't feel nostalgic for any other aspect of 1971. I don't want to sit there and watch an evening's TV from 1971, thank you very much. But the music of 1971 lives in the present.

Stories: 1) How 'Reckless' Greed Contributed To Financial Crisis 2) Raphael Saadiq: Paying Homage To Soul's Past And Future


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Question: Responding to Your Letters

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For example, ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'The Internet has become a basic need for disaster victims, and libraries are stepping in to provide information services after hurricanes, tornadoes and other disasters.'] should be similar to ['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Internet a basic need after disasters']

Farai Chideya and editor and producer Christopher Johnson read from listeners' e-mails. Today, they respond to letters about our ongoing Jena Six coverage and a note of praise for the show.

In the aftermath of catastrophic events such as a mass shooting or natural disaster, politicians often offer up their thoughts and prayers to victims. Critics then hit back, condemning the phrase as meaningless — with no real value or impact. Now a new study from economists finds that prayers might have an actual dollar value, and they may also have real consequences for charitable giving in the wake of catastrophe, but not in the way you might think. Source: Thunström, Linda and Shiri Noy, "The Value of Thoughts and Prayers", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019 Music by Drop Electric. Find us: Twitter / Facebook / Newsletter.  Subscribe to our show on Apple Podcasts, PocketCasts and NPR One.


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Question: A Church Divided Over Gay Clergy: Report

Episcopalians in the Fresno-based Diocese of San Joaquin decide Saturday whether to sever ties with their national denomination and align themselves with an Anglican branch overseas. A vote in favor of a split may lead San Joaquin to become the first diocese in the nation to completely secede from the U.S. church.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: A Surprising Revelation About the GOP Front-Runner; The Supreme Court Rules in Favor of Clean Undies; Palin vs. Couric Round 2.


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Question: Rochester Focuses On A New Picture Of American Manufacturing

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Rochester, N.Y., was once the imaging capital of the world, home to Kodak, Xerox and the eye care company, Bausch + Lomb. Led by these companies, the manufacturing sector once employed 60 percent of Rochester's workforce. Now, that's less than 10 percent. And so, like many cities in this country, Rochester is trying to build something new from its manufacturing heritage. If you want to understand the story of Rochester, says historian Carolyn Vacca, you need to come to High Falls, where from a bridge visitors see a waterfall and a panoramic view of downtown. "We are in the heart of what was the center of Rochester, historically, and is still, somewhat, today," she says. Part of the appeal to settlers was what she calls the "good dirt" around the Genesee River. "When Revolutionary soldiers came through the area they were coming from New England, where the dirt basically was good for holding rocks together at that point. And here, the soil is so fertile, so they immediately recognized the value of that and went home and told people there's a place we can get land where you can be a successful farmer," she says. Farmers used the good Rochester dirt to grow grain. They needed somewhere to sell it, and that spawned flour mills — so many, in fact, that Rochester became known as Flour City. That legacy faded, though. The old mills along the river closed down — but the manufacturing seed had been planted. Eastman Kodak grew out of that. For decades Rochester was Kodak. At its peak in the 1980s, Kodak employed 60,000 people in the city. Today, it's just 2,300. It's been a painful collapse. And once again, in 2014, Rochester is trying to use its fertile soil to grow something new. "Nobody ever wants to let go, obviously, not of something like Kodak that not only was so dominant, but had such a quality brand name. But, recognizing that we have to, we've moved on and created new things — new prospects for the future, building on what we had in the past," Vacca says. 'Just Gut Feel' There are former Kodak employees at work in new places — like Exelis, which makes parts that may be in the Thirty Meter Telescope, one of the largest. When complete, it will peer out beyond the Milky Way, to the edge of the observable universe — 13 billion light-years away. Mike Ognenovski, who is now with Exelis, worked at Kodak for 27 years, and sees parallels between the two companies. For example, Exelis uses polishers on its glass to make lenses, machines similar to ones used at Kodak on its camera lenses. "The tradition is there. It just has another name. Now we're called Exelis," Ognenovski says. "The Kodak heritage technology that was there, that is essentially in the bedrock of what Kodak stood for back when George Eastman built it, is still there." That said, this picture is far from perfect. You look at this factory: making incredible things with machines both old and new, but there's almost no one here. The factory has more than 16,000 square feet, but only 80 people work here. "You look at the folks that are on this floor right now working, they're highly skilled, and what we want to do is make the work more of a science versus an art. Where optics in the past traditionally tends to be more art and that's where the optician came in," Ognenovski says. "So that means a lot of years of experience, a lot of manual labor, touching and feeling and just gut feel." Gut feel. Touching things. Making things with your hands. That was American manufacturing. Where Is The Blue Collar? Now, it's less art, more science. And this is exactly the challenge today. Even when a place like Rochester seems to be figuring it out, this deeper problem remains. There are very few jobs for the blue-collar worker. It's a conundrum Nabil Nasr thinks about every day. He's the associate provost and director of the Golisano Institute for Sustainability at the Rochester Institute of Technology. Among his many duties, Nasr's work seeks to help manufacturers remain competitive globally, and he thinks a lot about the future of manufacturing. "Manufacturing today is not what it used to be. In the past, for example, Kodak used to make very sophisticated, high-precision lenses in a very primitive process that was very time-consuming," Nasr says. "Today, we're making very sophisticated computerized equipment that can make some of these lenses in a fraction of the time they used to spend in making those lenses before." That takes skill. And there are RIT students training for the kinds of jobs they have at Exelis. But that still leaves the question: Where is the blue-collar worker today? What options are there for them? "This is a serious issue, and I think there are a lot of people left out of the manufacturing sector, and there are a lot of barriers," Nasr says. There are high-paying openings, he says, but not everyone is qualified for them because they require expertise and education. "They really want to get these jobs but they aren't able to because it would take t

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: U.S. To Cut Off Most Aid To Honduras

Non-humanitarian U.S. aid to Honduras is being suspended, the State Department says, as the Obama administration seeks to up the pressure on that nation's interim government -- which deposed President Manuel Zelaya in a coup back in June. NPR's Michele Kelemen reports that:  Without putting a dollar figure on the aid, the State Department announced that it is terminating a "broad range" of assistance.   Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton had already suspended some aid and revoked the diplomatic visas of members of the interim government in Honduras, which has refused to agree to a negotiated settlement to have Zelaya return.   The State Department also called for free and fair elections when Hondurans go to the polls in November.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- NTSB: Amtrak Washington Train Doing 80 MPH In 30 MPH Zone. -- U.S. Says North Korea 'Directly Responsible' For 'WannaCry' Ransomware Attack. -- CHARTS: See How Much Of GOP Tax Cuts Will Go To The Middle Class. And here are more early headlines: GOP Tax Bill Goes To House Floor For Vote. (Washington Post) House GOP Offers $81 Million Hurricane, Fire Disaster Aid Bill. (CNN)  McMaster Calls For Action To Block North Korea Nuclear Program. (PBS)  Atlanta Airport Returning To Normal Operations. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Astronaut And 2 Others Dock At International Space Station. (CBS) New Aircraft Carrier HMS Queen Elizabeth Springs A Leak. (BBC) U.N. Finds 49% Increase In Migration Numbers Since 2000. (U.N. News Centre) U.S. Calls For Relief Food To Be Delivered To Yemen. (Reuters)


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Question: Should NFL's Gregg Williams Be Banned, Fined Or Pardoned For Bounties?

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Gregg Williams, who has spent time as an assistant or head coach at six NFL teams, is meeting with league investigators today to talk about what he's admitted was "a bounty pool of up to $50,000 over the last three seasons that rewarded  players with thousand-dollar payoffs for knocking targeted opponents out of  games while he was the New Orleans Saints' defensive coordinator," The Associated Press reports. "Bountygate" is quickly becoming a scandal that touches not just the Saints, but the other teams where Williams has coached, including the Buffalo Bills, Jacksonville Jaguars, Tennessee Titans and Washington Redskins. (He just joined the St. Louis Rams as an assistant.) The issue is that while rewarding players for great plays is one thing, rewarding them for hurting opponents is something else indeed. Washington Post columnist Tracee Hamilton says this is the NFL's "put-up-shut-up moment." At a time when the league is trying to show it's serious about protecting players from concussions and from dirty play, she writes, Commissioner Roger Goodell "needs to send that message to every team in the league: Hire Gregg Williams and  his ilk at your own peril. In other words, put a bounty on his head." Basketball's Charles Barkley, though, said on today's Dan Patrick Show that whoever blew the whistle on Williams is "a punk to snitch" like that. And, he said there were such bounties in the NBA when he was a player. So where do you come down on Williams? (Note: That's just a question, not a scientific survey.)

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- In Syria, Peace Plan 'Is Unraveling'. -- Pentagon Condemns Actions Of Soldiers Posing With Suicide Bombers' Remains. -- Ted Nugent Stands Firm, Secret Service To Look Into His Words About Obama. Other stories making news: Read More -- "Obama, Romney In Dead Heat Among Registered Voters." (CBS News) -- Norway's Mass Murderer Says "He Should Either Be Acquitted Or Executed;" A Jail Term Would Be "Pathetic." (The Guardian) -- "Secret Service Inquiry Leads To Colombian Brothels." (The New York Times) -- "GSA Official's Wife Accompanied Him On Trips At Taxpayer Expense." (The Washington Post) -- "Ozzie Guillen Back In Marlins' Dugout, Promises To Manage His Mouth." (Miami Herald) -- "Spanish King Juan Carlos Sorry For Botswana Hunt Trip." (BBC News)


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Question: As Nor'Easter Lifts, Life Slowly Gets Back To Normal In Hard-Hit Areas

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A day after a monstrous winter storm spun its way across the Northeast, life is slowly getting back to normal. Some residents of Massachusetts are digging out of almost 3 feet of snow. The AP reports that a travel ban has been lifted and Boston's highways are filling up with traffic. Still, the AP adds:  "More than 12,000 homes and businesses remained without power Wednesday. Residents woke up to temperatures in the teens that weren't expected to rise beyond the mid-20s, although sunshine is forecast. "To the chagrin of parents, most schools remain closed."  In Rhode Island, Gov. Gina Raimondo also lifted a travel ban, and she also called up 270 national guardsmen to help restore power. In New York City, things are fully back to normal — trains are back on track, planes are in the air and cars are on the roads. That means that politics is the dominating the conversation. As we reported, the low pressure system that spun up this storm moved farther east than forecasters had predicted. That meant that New York City shut down for what amounted to a typical snow storm. NPR member station WNYC reports that New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio is saying it was Gov. Andrew Cuomo who made the controversial decision to shut down the subway system. Not only that, but de Blasio said that his administration was not given a heads up by the governor. WNYC explains:  "In what has become a pattern of one-upmanship from Albany – whether it's pre-k money or Ebola quarantines — Cuomo used Storm Juno to once again big-foot the mayor while claiming that their offices were communicating regularly."  Still, both men defended their aggressive response to a dire forecast. "Would you rather be ahead of the action or behind? Would you rather be prepared or unprepared? Would you rather be safe or unsafe?" de Blasio said at a news conference, according to WNYC. "My job as a leader is to make decisions and I will always err on the side of safety and caution."

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Roger Bannister, First Runner To Break 4  Minute Mile Mark, Dies At 88. -- A Year After Envelope Pandemonium, A Ho-Hum Night Is Just What The Oscars Ordered. -- South Korean Delegation Arrives In Pyongyang For Talks With North Korea. -- This Chef Lost 50 Pounds And Reversed Pre-Diabetes With A Digital Program. And here are more early headlines: Growing GOP Rift Over Trump's Proposed Steel Tariffs. (Politico) Trump Meets Israeli Leader Today At White House. (Reuters) West Virginia Teacher Walkout Continues. (West Virginia Public Broadcasting) Storm To Bring Blizzard Conditions To Central U.S. (Weather.com) A Second Nor'Easter Could Strike The U.S. East Coast. (CNN) Woman Wins Conch Shell Blowing Contest, Receives Proposal. (WQAM)


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Question: Tish Vargas' Audio Diary: Jan 9, 2007

This edition includes excerpts from an audio diary kept by Tish Vargas, a 31-year-old mother of two who has made a resolution to live a more healthy lifestyle. Hear an additional excerpt from January 9, 2007.

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Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 925 2) Latino USA Episode 926


Question: Being Head Chef In A Theatrical Test Kitchen

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Lou Volpe ran the theater program at Harry S. Truman High in Levittown, Pa., for four decades, presenting famous, edgy shows before they become classics in high school theater, and has sent scores of students out into lives in professional theater. Host Scott Simon speaks with Michael Sokolove, author of Drama High: The Incredible True Story of a Brilliant Teacher, a Struggling Town and the Magic of Theater, and another former student, Antonio Addeo, an aspiring Broadway actor.

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Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: Remodeling The House; A Story That Fell From The Sky; and A Pint-Sized Literary Giant Emerges.


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Question: Temples On World Cafe

The English band Temples hails from the small town of Kettering, where its psychedelic music came together in the home studio of singer-guitarist James Edward Bagshaw in 2012. In that small space, the group made the big-sounding Shelter Song, which got the young band noticed; a recording contract soon followed. The album Sun Structures was recorded in much the same fashion. There are elements from the past, for sure, but this is a fresh-sounding band. Bagshaw and bassist Thomas Wormsly, along with drummer Sam Toms and keyboardist-guitarist Adam Smith, play live in this installment of World Cafe. This episode was originally aired on Feb. 11, 2014.

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: We're Working Late ... It's the 'How'

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Lee, here... So, it's Wednesday evening and TMM, for the most part, still has a full house (a big deal, considering that we turn on the lights here at about 6:00 each morning). We just wrapped-up a "special" editorial meeting (which makes two for today -- our standard meeting is each morning) to brainstorm on exactly how we should present you with two pressing news stories for tomorrow's program. Of course, there are the fires happening in California. It seems everywhere you turn, there's "extensive" coverage, and rightfully so. NPR News is there and covering the story as it unfolds, along with just about every other news outlet. And, as always, we're thinking hard about what this program's angle will be and how we might offer a contribution that is of value ... and experiences that, maybe, you haven't already heard. We think we've found them. So, you'll want to listen closely tomorrow... The second story we're working on for tomorrow -- the other reason we're still here -- revisits today's comments by President Bush imagining a post-Castro Cuba. It touched a nerve (not a good one) with some Cuban officials. Cuban Foreign Minister Felipe Perez Roque has already reacted publicly, saying Bush's remarks encourage "hatred toward Cuba." And, I'm just wondering, is it at all just a little awkward for the president of one country to make forward-glance-type remarks about the president of another country when he or she isn't dead ... yet? We'll talk to Sen. Mel Martinez from Florida. The Republican lawmaker is a first-generation Cuban. He'll share his reaction to the President's comments ... and on how he's generating his own headlines in the news. Also tomorrow, here on the blog, we'll bring you a glimpse into a special event recently attended by Michel, and a few of our other colleagues here, on Capitol Hill. It was a special session with the Congressional Black Caucus discussing influential African American voices in the media, namely in public radio. We're still waiting on the photos. Trust me, when we get them, you'll see them. Our thoughts and prayers go out to all those affected by the fires in California, and those who might still be in harm's way.

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May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Question: The World Welcomes A Post-Mubarak Egypt

Leaders around the world are offering words of support to the Egyptian people and a sense of the challenges ahead. Host Scott Simon reports on the reaction of world leaders to the resignation of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak.

Stories: 1) Overloaded Sewers Lead To 'Toxic Waters' 2) A Cross-Cultural Collaboration, Revisited


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Question: 'New Yorker' Climate Change Series

Alex Chadwick talks with NPR science correspondent Richard Harris about questions raised and conclusions offered in a New Yorker magazine series on global warming.

Vanity Fair So ... what do you think? Related: Vanity Fair Covers The New Yorker


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

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Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: On The Trail: Global Pandemic Edition

For years, public health experts warned that we were not well-prepared for a future pandemic. The lessons from the Ebola outbreak were supposed to be a wake up call. But after COVID-19 came to the United States, despite all the warnings, we were not ready, Journalist (and friend of the show) Reid Wilson spoke up early about pandemic preparedness. He covers national politics for The Hill, but his latest book is Epidemic: Ebola and the Global Scramble to Prevent the Next Killer Outbreak. When we talked to him in 2018, he said we should be getting ready for the next pandemic.  “The fact is, we need to do something now. We need to do something before the next Ebola breaks out and starts traveling around the world. We need to put in place the global public health systems that will enable us to fight this — whether is happens in New York City, or in Delhi, or in the heart of Baghdad.”  And a new data analysis by The Washington Post reveals that COVID-19 “appears to be infecting and killing black Americans at a disproportionately high rate.” They reported “counties that are majority-black have three times the rate of infections and almost six times the rate of deaths as counties where white residents are in the majority.” Meanwhile, amid outcry regarding public safety, Wisconsin voters headed to the polls on Tuesday. But election results won’t be announced until April 13. We talk to Reid about elections in the time of coronavirus and beyond.

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Minimum Wage, Good News / Bad News, Real Bears vs. Real Colts, Space Diaries, Last Chance for Oysters, Life of a Dealer


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Question: 1. Billboard + Simon/Elvis

ENTERTAINMENT: SCOTT SIMON AND WEEKEND EDITION'S ENTERTAINMENT CRITIC ELVIS MITCHELL TALK ABOUT THE NEW MOVIE "DESPERADO," STARRING ANTONION BANDERAS.

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Question: ANALYSIS: Castle's Loss Is Victory For Partisanship

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What happened to Republican Mike Castle in Delaware yesterday is perhaps a touch less stunning to those who remember a town hall meeting he held in June of 2009. Geared for questions about the economy, health care and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Castle was taken aback by an aggressive member of the audience demanding to know his position on President Obama's birth certificate. When Castle replied that the president's citizenship was not in question, the audience began to boo. And subsequent questions about the birth certificate were loudly cheered. The video, as they say, went viral. But few thought at the time that the members of that audience represented any real threat to Castle. We know now better. It has been an expensive lesson, and Congress will be the poorer. Castle's defeat in Delaware's Republican Senate primary surely ranks as the biggest shocker of all the wins by GOP insurgents in 2010. Here was an establishment politician whose political assets were so unassailable that no major Democrat even wanted the nomination to run against him in a state that voted 62% Democratic in 2008. So revered was Castle among other elected leaders in the state that in 2000, Democratic Governor Tom Carper literally consulted him before launching his own successful bid for the Senate in 2000. Why did Castle enjoy such deference? Because he listens to his state and to its various constituencies. He's been a Republican throughout his four decades in public life, while the party loyalties of his state swayed from red to blue. But he's also been a vote for Delaware and a vote for policies he thought would help his home state and his country. First elected to the state legislature in 1966, Castle served 20 years as lieutenant governor and governor, spanning political eras from Richard Nixon to Bill Clinton, before coming to Congress in 1993, swapping jobs with Carper at the time. From his earliest days in the House minority to his 12 years as a member of its majority, he was known as a peacemaker and a fulcrum for strategic compromise. Often labeled a moderate, he was always known as a gentleman. Not so long ago, scant weeks, all of that might have been considered an unbeatable resume -- especially in a tiny state such as Delaware that historically values seniority and re-elects incumbents. This week, however, it proved to be fatal. Read More: Tea Party Fever On Tuesday, Castle became the latest victim of a fever that has swept over his party's primaries and brought a handful of insurgent challengers from obscurity to nomination -- and in many cases to the brink of election to the U.S. Senate. In the case of Castle, the nomination of his challenger, the frequent (some would say professional) candidate Christine O'Donnell, may result in the election of a Democrat, Chris Coons, in November. Coons, the New Castle County Executive, had been regarded as a sacrificial lamb as recently as last week, but some will now call him the favorite to fill what was once Vice President Joe Biden's seat. That is because O'Donnell, a lookalike and sound-alike acolyte of Sarah Palin, will have a hard time digging out from the mountain of criticism dumped on her by her own Republican Party in the latter days of the primary. In recent weeks she has tried hard to avoid the news media in part to avoid answering allegations about her college record, working history, financial status and electoral statistics. Avoiding those stories as the official Republican candidate for the office will be tougher. Of course, none of that seemed to bother the backers who emerged, first from a branch of the Tea Party, then from Palin herself and from the political shop of conservative South Carolina Republican Sen. Jim DeMint, who has been conferring his blessing on select challengers in GOP primaries. But regardless of what happens to O'Donnell, the departure of Castle is a loss of exactly the kind of character and contributor Congress needs most at a time of paralysis and hyper-partisanship. At a moment when not even popular nominations can come to the floor of the Senate and a tax cut for 97% of the country cannot be extended because Republicans in the Senate won't allow a vote on it until it reaches every millionaire and billionaire, the Senate is desperate for more Mike Castles -- whatever their party stripe. All that seemed manifest a few months ago. Answering the importuning of his own party, Castle agreed to run for the Senate. Democrats in his home state of Delaware immediately stepped back when Castle made his announcement. Their presumptive nominee, Delaware State Attorney General Beau Biden, decided to keep his current job. No other major Democrat stepped forward. At the time, state and national party officials rejoiced. The seat Joe Biden had held for 36 years would be Republican once again. Everyone knew Mike Castle was unbeatable in a general election. And so he would have been. But he did not get there because in the straits  of a low-turnout

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Texas Fertilizer Plant Blast Killed Several, Injured Dozens -- Boston Marathon Explosions: Thursday's Developments -- Ricin Suspect Described As Conspiracist, Elvis Impersonator -- Jobless Claims Rose Slightly Last Week -- Book News: Vast 'Digital Public Library Of America' Opens Today Other stories making headlines: -- "North Korea Sets Conditions For Return To Talks." (The New York Times) -- "Musharraf Flees Pakistan Court As Judges Order His Arrest." (The Globe and Mail) -- "I'm Furious," Former Rep. Gabrielle Giffords (D-Ariz.) Writes After Gun Bills Fail In Senate. (The New York Times) -- "After Gun Defeat, Where Does Obama Go From Here?" (Roll Call) -- "Obama Uses And Loses Political Capital On Gun Control." (It's All Politics)


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Question: When Comic Art Meets High Art, the Results Will Surprise You

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There are two graphic novels out this summer about Jean-Michel Basquiat, and you're definitely going to hate one of them. Which one? That's harder to say. Julian Voloj and Søren Mosdal's Basquiat and Paolo Parisi's Basquiat: A Graphic Novel couldn't be more different: Mosdal emulates the artist's agitated lines, while Parisi uses flat zones of primary color, in the style of Basquiat's mentor Andy Warhol. Aficionados will doubtless disagree about which book works — but that was probably inevitable. There's something inherently odd about using one artistic tradition to depict the life (to say nothing of reproducing the work) of an artist from a different tradition. And yet, not only are a growing number of cartoonists creating books about famous artists, but their approaches are dizzyingly varied. When is a comic book a fitting tribute to an icon? It's a question that numerous publishers and creators are eager to address. Andy Warhol, Salvador Dalí, Jackson Pollock and Francis Bacon have all been memorialized in panel form in recent years. It's not a stretch to use the quintessentially modern medium of comics to capture the life of a 20th-century artist; the free-flowing Niki de Saint Phalle: The Garden of Secrets, by Dominique Osuch and Sandrine Martin, is a particularly ingenious tribute to an underappreciated figure. But even Velázquez, Caravaggio and Goya are getting cartoon treatments. The results of such attempts vary widely, but one rule is clear: Don't reproduce the artist's paintings if you can possibly get away with it. That's the misstep of Monet: Itinerant of Light, by Salva Rubio and Efa. Efa envisions the world around Monet the way the artist would paint it, with vivid patches of light and dark dappling every scene. It makes for a beautiful book — that is, until you get to Efa's recreations of Monet's best-known paintings, which naturally suffer by comparison with the originals. In This Is Monet, on the other hand, illustrator Aude Van Ryn doesn't attempt to duplicate her subject's famous works. Instead, the book intersperses color plates of the actual paintings with Van Ryn's drawings of scenes from Monet's life. (In one particularly charming interlude, the Monet family helps to carry canvases in a wheelbarrow). Van Ryn's style is complementary without being imitative — a tough balancing act that Efa doesn't pull off. This Is Monet is part of an unusual series from British publisher Laurence King that combines biographical text, reproductions and modern illustrations. "I wanted to be able to show, in illustrations, the pop culture that existed around the artists," series editor Catherine Ingram says. "Even ... Old Masters paintings, they've got a vibrant visual culture they're tapping on. That visual culture is missing from art history books. It's time to get back to that, to get the illustrators involved." Some corners of the art world have always embraced comics, of course. In 1988, David Wojnarowicz asked his friend and fellow East Village artist James Romberger to collaborate with him on Seven Miles a Second, an adaptation of Wojnarowicz' autobiographical writings. Romberger, whose depictions of downtown New York life can be found in many museums' collections, had to finish the book alone after Wojnarowicz died of AIDS in 1992. But he was aided by Marguerite Van Cook, who'd shown Wojnarowicz in her gallery, gone on road trips with him and had long discussions with him about color theory. Van Cook gave the book its explosive palette. (The book was reissued by Fantagraphics in 2013 and is now being self-published by Romberger and Van Cook.) "Marguerite kind of lets things rush outside the lines," Romberger says. "The color is running, smushing together — it's not so defined. In comics the lines are usually... meant to hold in the color. Marguerite does something where the color is actually erupting outside of the lines, breaking the boundaries. Which kind of suits David, who's someone who was very much against boundaries." Seven Miles a Second remains a landmark crossover between comic art and fine art. It was a similar desire to bridge the high-low divide that led Boston's Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum to incorporate comics into its spring Botticelli exhibit. The museum hired Karl Stevens, known for such graphic novels as 2010's The Lodger and last year's The Winner, to create cartoons of the Roman myths behind Botticelli's The Tragedy of Lucretia and The Story of Virginia. "I thought one of the ways we could make Botticelli appealing to an audience who were not familiar with him was to approach these narrative paintings through the lens of a graphic novel," says Nathaniel Silver, the William and Lia Poorvu Curator of the Collection at the museum. Stevens puts it a bit differently: "Museums have gotten tighter with cash, and they need to find ways to bring in the rabble." Stevens believes the mainstream art world will always look down its nose at comics to some degree. Comic art, he notes,

Stories: 1) Chuck Close Celebrated in Dance and Print 2) Dominating the '60s Charts: A Motown Profile 3) Richard Gere Plays on 4) When the Devil You Know Turns Out to be Family


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Question: U.S. Hits 100,000 COVID-19 Hospitalizations, Breaks Daily Death Record

Updated Thursday at 11:20 a.m. ET More than 100,000 Americans are in the hospital with COVID-19, at the same time the nation recorded its worst daily death toll since the start of the pandemic. Data from the COVID Tracking Project show 100,226 people were hospitalized on Wednesday with the disease caused by the coronavirus — a figure that has been steadily rising for weeks. Johns Hopkins University, which tracks coronavirus case data, reported that 2,804 new deaths were recorded on Wednesday. It initially reported 3,157 new deaths on that day, but revised the number down due to a "tech glitch," a JHU representative tells NPR. The death toll surpasses the previous peak of 2,607 deaths on April 15. The number of hospital beds occupied by COVID-19 patients far outpaces peaks in mid-April and July of about 59,000. Early last month, the number of hospitalizations again reached that mark and has been on an upward progression ever since. More than 273,000 people in the U.S. have died from COVID-19 since the first cases were detected in January. News of the record-breaking statistic comes the same day the U.K. announced a major step in its race to develop COVID-19 vaccines, formally approving Pfizer and the German company BioNTech's vaccine for emergency use. Even with a vaccine in sight, the U.S. continues to grapple with a major surge in new coronavirus infections. Health officials are imploring Americans to stay home for the holidays. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Robert R. Redfield warned Wednesday that things are likely to get worse over the winter months. He predicted deaths could reach "close to 450,000" by February if Americans fail to take more health precautions, such as wearing a mask. This month through February will be "the most difficult in the public health history of the nation," he said. The local battle Los Angeles County, with the highest number of cumulative confirmed infections in the country, reported 408,396 cases, according to Johns Hopkins University. Illinois' Cook County had 310,722 confirmed cases. The Los Angeles area also reported its highest total death toll at 7,700. On Wednesday, Mayor Eric Garcetti told residents to "hunker down" through the winter. "It's time to cancel everything. And if it isn't essential, don't do it," he said during a news conference. The mayor's strongly worded order calls on "all persons living within the City of Los Angeles ... to remain in their homes," and to venture out only for prescribed essential reasons. Meanwhile, the NBA, gearing up to start its season, is dealing with its own coronavirus outbreak among players. The NBA and the National Basketball Player's Association announced Wednesday night that 48 out of 546 players tested positive for the coronavirus when they returned to a league-wide testing program last week. The league and the player's union said in a statement, "Anyone who has returned a confirmed positive test during this initial phase of testing in their team's market is isolated until they are cleared for leaving isolation" under rules established by both organizations. NPR's Merrit Kennedy contributed to this report.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Commuter Train Derails, Plunges Into Creek East Of San Francisco. -- National Portrait Gallery Honors Nancy Reagan; Funeral Is Friday. -- Survivor Of Boston Marathon Bombing Dies In Car Crash In Dubai. And here are more early headlines: Turkey Agrees To Take Back Future Migrants In Europe For More Aid. (Reuters) Syrian Rebels Undecided About Next Round Of Peace Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Four States Hold Presidential Contests Today. (USA Today) On 2nd Anniversary Of MH370's Disappearance, No Further Clues. (BBC) South Korea Imposes New Sanctions On North Korea. (Washington Post) National Weather Service Warns Of Storms, Flooding In The South. (NWS) Study Finds Pedestrian Deaths Apparently Surged In 2015. (ABC) Alabama Brinks Worker Admits Stealing $200,000 - In Quarters. (Al.com)


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

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Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they continue their year-long examination of music by Johannes Brahms--in observance of the Brahms Centennial--as Ted recommends recordings of the beautiful Piano Trio No. 1, Op. 8.

Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Shutdown Averted: White House Backs Down On Health Care Demands

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The White House appears to be backing down on multiple demands that were threatening a partial government shutdown, including withholding subsidies to help low-income people under Obamacare.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Race Equality Champion Eugene Patterson Dies

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Civil rights advocate Eugene Patterson has died at the age of 89 after being treated for cancer. Patterson was a Pulitzer Prize winning editor and columnist. One of his most memorable columns was written after the church bombing in Birmingham, Ala., that killed four girls in 1963.

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Are Democrats In Congress Trying To Thwart Calif. Redistricting?  - Brain Researcher Antonio Damasio


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Question: 'America Eats': A Hidden Archive from the 1930s

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Hidden Kitchens — we aren't the first project to look for them. Our search for the kitchen legacies of this country has uncovered rituals, recipes and now, an archive. Producer Jamie York and The Kitchen Sisters followed a listener's call to the Library of Congress and beyond — and discovered "America Eats." Story Notes During our planning process, we read Mark Kurlansky's book Choice Cuts: Food Writing from Around the World and Throughout History and came across the following passage: "In the 1930s Nelson Algren, a young fiction writer who in 1949 would win the first National Book Award for The Man with the Golden Arm, joined the Illinois Writers Project, part of the federal Works Progress Administration (WPA)." It set us on the course of this story and led us to the Library of Congress, where some of the "America Eats" archives are housed. This remarkable WPA project chronicling American "foodways" in the 1930s has never been published. The parallels between this project and ours astounded us. Each region had its own "America Eats" team. Their writings, photographs and even some scripts for a proposed weekly radio program are tucked away in collections around the country — at the New York Municipal Archive, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History, the University of Iowa Library, and the State Library and Archives of Florida, as well as at the Library of Congress. Independent producer Jamie York traveled to Florida to interview one of the last living writers on the project, Stetson Kennedy, whose photographs you can view in our photo gallery on this page, and online at The Library of Congress. -- The Kitchen Sisters

Stories: 1) 'Nixonland' Explores America in Flux 2) Biography Details the 'King of Comics'


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Question: The Gestalt Gardener With Felder Rushing and Dr. Dirt

The Gestalt Gardener Radio Program with your hosts Felder Rushing and Dr. Dirt

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Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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"['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details.', 'Great Lakes Security']" == "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "The U.S. Coast Guard is on guard against terrorist attack in all the nation's ports. On the Great Lakes that's changed life for both weekend yachting and foreign tanker traffic. The service charged with protecting the nation's harbors and inland waterway was worried about homeland security even before the attacks in September, as Mary Ann Akers reports from Chicago."]" != "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology']"

Question: The Austin 100: Morabeza Tobacco

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Hometown: Stockholm, Sweden Genre: Pop Why We're Excited: There's a slightly warped, undeniably nostalgic quality to Morabeza Tobacco's "TTYL," as if it's been dubbed from cassette to cassette to cassette ever since it first assumed form in 1983. The duo of Gustav and Vanilla clearly put a fair bit of effort into creating the effect, which only enhances the pair's distinct mix of chillwave, vintage synth-pop and funk. At times it's like hearing a 45 RPM record played at a slower speed, but "TTYL" allows slivers of sunlight to peek through all that haze.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Memo To The Rest of You...

In the latest political love poem from the national media to Arnold Schwarzenegger, the new edition of Esquire magazine proclaims that the governor is leading the nation into a ¿new kind of politics.¿

The March cover story, ¿The President of 12% of Us,¿ takes a quick tour of recent political goings-on in California en route to [...]

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Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert weren't the only funny ones at The Rally  to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on the National Mall Saturday. Here are  some of the signs we spotted throughout the day. God Hates Snuggies I Was Told There'd Be Cookies. We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself, And Spiders. Kitlers Against Hitler Analogies Government Doesn't Suck Real Patriots Drink Whiskey Don't Tread On Anyone That's No Moon Hyperbole Or Instant Death Slogans Are Crap I Stand 4 Good Posture I'm A Veteran. I'm An American. I Am Muslim. I Support The Right To Arm Bears Calm The F*** Down America Fear Is Illogical Just Stop Bickering And Clean This Mess Up THIS FONT IS BIG Going Out Of Business Everything 70-80 Percent Off I Am Moderately Excited For This Stand On The Right, Walk On The Left You Don't Have To Be Nice, Just Don't Be Mean Libraries Are Socialist Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet I thought Neil Young was going to be playing 1 Percent Sane, 98 Percent American, You Do The Math! Olivia Munn Fan (No ...  Really ...) Fear Gives Me A Boehner My Wife Is A Muslim And Not A Terrorist, But I'm Scared Of Her Anyway Abide CAPSLOCK IS NOT PERSUASIVE Festivas For The Rest Of Us I Heart Beck's Album Mellow Gold It Was His Best In My Opinion Senate Math 41 > 59 Yelling Rarely Works ... I Know, I'm A Mom! Don't Stomp On My Head, Bro


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Question: Your Letters: 40-Year-Old Intern, Funniest Words

Guest host Daniel Zwerdling reads listeners' letters about a 40-year-old intern and suggestions for the funniest clean word in the English language.

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Minimum Wage, Good News / Bad News, Real Bears vs. Real Colts, Space Diaries, Last Chance for Oysters, Life of a Dealer


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Question: Why Transition Delays Won't Be A Problem For Biden's National Security Team

NPR's David Greene talks to Dennis Blair, retired Navy Admiral who served as President Obama's first director of National Intelligence, about national security implications of the Biden transition.


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Question: 1. Voices In The News

A sound montage of a few prominent voices in this past week's news, including Former Senator Bob Dole, House Ethics Committee Chairman Nancy Johnson, L.A. Police Chief Willie Williams, Mitch Skandalakis, Commisioner for Fulton County on the bombing of an abortion clinic in Atlanta, and the sound of a second explosion at the clinic.

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Question: "Tragedy of Monumental Proportions"

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Calling it a "tragedy of monumental proportions" Virginia Tech president Charles Steger said that the entire campus is "shocked and indeed horrified" at the shootings on campus today that took the lives of at least 22 people, including the gunman. Virginia Tech is located in Blacksburg, in southwest Virginia. The Associated Press reports that shootings occured on opposite ends of the campus; first at residential housing facility West Ambler Johnston, and then two hours later at Norris Hall, an engineering building. Police said that some, but not all, of the dead were students. The name of the gunman was not released and it was not known if he was a student.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "The Soul of Soul Cycle," "Fragile Environmentalists," and "Optimus Amazon Prime."