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Question: Why Did President Musharraf Resign?

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Alex Cohen talks to journalist Ahmed Rashid about Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf's resignation. The embattled leader left office Monday to avoid impeachment. Former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif says the ousted leader should face trial for treason. Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf resigned Monday morning in a live television address to the nation. Musharraf was a close U.S. ally in the volatile region and in the battle against al-Qaida. Musharraf's resignation came as the ruling coalition government was moving to impeach him. His allies were fast fading away, and he was under pressure at home and abroad to quit. As it became clear he had virtually no support, Pakistan's longtime leader chose to bow out. Looking somber, Musharraf spoke for an hour before finally making the announcement Pakistanis have been awaiting for days.  No Impeachment Worries Musharraf said he was not worried about the impeachment but was leaving to avoid a confrontation that could damage the nation and the presidency.  Much of Musharraf's address was a defense of his record in office, but he acknowledged making mistakes and asked for Pakistan's forgiveness.  It is not clear whether he will stay in Pakistan or go into exile. Musharraf has been pressing for immunity from prosecution.  People celebrated Musharraf's departure outside offices of the Pakistan Peoples Party — the largest party in the coalition. They also honored the PPP's former leader, Benazir Bhutto, who was assassinated late last year.  Musharraf's departure ends nearly nine turbulent years in office.  "The real weakness of his, as I see it, is that he has never realized the importance of institutions," said political analyst Talat Masood. "He just leaves all the institutions of Pakistan so weak, including the political ones, who are to now run the affairs of the country."  Musharraf seized power in a coup in 1999 after then-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif tried to sack him as army chief. Musharraf's early days were rocky as he sought to solidify his position with an election and referendum that observers say were rigged. An Ally Of The U.S. After the Sept. 11 attacks, Musharraf became a firm ally of the U.S., which channeled billions of dollars to Pakistan in exchange for Musharraf's support in the war on terrorism.  For a while, Musharraf seemed secure: The economy grew, relations with India improved, Pakistan's opposition parties were in disarray, and Musharraf's army was able to wield increasing influence over business and government.  Then, according to political commentator Rasul Bakhsh Rais, Musharraf made a critical error.  His undoing was his removal of the chief justice in March 2007, Rais says. "Onward, his standing was on shaky grounds, and the power began to slip away from him."  Musharraf sought to oust Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry because Musharraf feared Pakistan's supreme court would raise legal barriers to his re-election as president. The move backfired.  Lawyers and civil activists took to the streets demanding an independent judiciary, and one crisis followed another: There was public fury after more than 100 people were killed when Pakistani forces stormed the Red Mosque in Islamabad after it was taken over by extremists. Then, in November, Musharraf declared a state of emergency — a six-week crackdown in which thousands of political activists were jailed, the media were gagged, and the general purged Pakistan's supreme court of his enemies.  Rais says Musharraf was the author of his own undoing.  "Musharraf was [a] hotheaded and impulsive political leader from Day 1 to the end," Rais says. "This was very unfortunate that he always put his personal ambitions ahead of the interests of the people of Pakistan."  On the streets, few mourned Musharraf's departure.  "For the last years he has been ruling the country, and he's been no good to it," said a banker who would give his name only as Ahmed. "So I think it is better that he has resigned and it's over now."  Many Pakistanis felt Musharraf was far too close to the U.S., and many are simply sick of politics. They will be hoping that their new civilian government can now get on with the job and do something about Pakistan's unraveling economy and Islamist militancy.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Dozens Killed By Suicide Bomber In Yemen. -- Pakistan Threatens To Overshadow NATO Summit. -- Eclipse Of The Sun: Did You Fall Into The Ring Of Fire's Path? -- Let's Remember Robin Gibb By Saying It: Bee Gees' Disco Years Were Great. Other stories in the news: -- "White House Visitor Logs Provide Window Into Lobbying Industry," Lobbyists Are "Regular Presence." (The Washington Post) -- "Lockerbie Bomber To Be Buried, Controversy Lives On." (Agence France Presse) -- "Strauss-Kahn Faces 'Gang Rape' Inquiry." (BBC News) -- "Chen Guangcheng's Family And Friends 'Still At Risk' In China." (The Guardian)


Question: IMF Bailout Comes With A Hefty Side Of Pain For Ukrainians

The International Monetary Fund has agreed to a large bailout for Ukraine's struggling economy, but the austerity measures that come with it will have a severe impact on the population.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: After Chávez: His 'Revolution' Is Likely To Continue. Storm Brings Season's Heaviest Snowfall To Midwest, Mid-Atlantic. And here are more early headlines: Brennan's CIA Nomination On 'Fast Track'; Vote May Come As Early As Thursday. (AP) Finally! Last Cardinal Expected Soon At Vatican To Help Choose New Pope. (CNN) Could Dow's New Record Prompt More Spending By Wealthy? (Marketwatch) European Union Fines Microsoft For Denying Consumers Web Browser Choice. (Reuters) After Two Years Of Fighting, Syria Has 1 Million Refugees. (Los Angeles Times) Los Angeles City Councilman, Controller, Headed For Mayoral Runoff. (KPCC) Czech Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Under Attack By Hackers. (Reuters) Did The Duchess Of Cambridge Drop A Hint About Her Baby's Gender? (People)


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Question: Robert Dallek, Summing Up 'Nixon and Kissinger'

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Presidential historian Robert Dallek has written about LBJ, JFK, FDR and Ronald Reagan. Now, in his book Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power, he tackles two political titans he describes as "self-serving characters with grandiose dreams of recasting world affairs."

Stories: 1) Reliving 'A Decade With Presidents And The Press' 2) Clinton's Press Secretary On Impeachment, Elian 3) Ari Fleischer On 'Taking Heat' 4) 'What Happened' In The Bush White House


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Question: What We Know About The Explosion In Beirut

A huge explosion buried much of Beirut, Lebanon, under rubble and dust on Tuesday afternoon. Now, an international rescue effort is underway as the death toll continues to rise. The blast blew out windows for miles around the city’s port, leveling buildings and scattering debris. As of the time of writing, 135 Lebanese people died and more than 4,000 were injured. Officials on the ground say the explosion was the result of 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate igniting in a warehouse on the port. The ammonium nitrate had reportedly been sitting there since 2014. How was the ammonium nitrate allowed to sit for so long? What are Lebanon’s next steps?

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Good morning - here are some of the leading headlines we're following today: 'Picture Perfect Launch' For Private Rocket Headed To Space Station. Deal Reached On Probe Of Iran's Nuclear Program, IAEA Chief Says. Memorial Walk, Moment Of Silence Planned For Joplin On First Anniversary Of Devastating Tornado. (Joplin Globe) Jurors In John Edwards Corruption Trial Begin Third Day Of Deliberations. (Reuters) Images Show North Korea Conducts Unknown Activity At Nuclear Test Site. (CNN) Myanmar Opposition Leader Aung San Suu Kyi Will Address U.N. Labor Conference Next Month In Switzerland. (AP) 2 Protesters Die In Lebanon At Funeral Of Murdered Anti-Syrian Cleric; 5 Killed In Syrian Bombing. (VOA) Four Perish Climbing Everest, One Missing While Dozens More Continue Toward Summit (ABC) Oklahoma City Defeats Los Angeles To Reach NBA Western Conference Finals; 8 Wounded In Oklahoma City Violence After Victory. (Oklahoman) Man Survives Suicide Attempt After Leaping Into Niagara Falls. (USA Today)


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Question: Exxon And Activism: The Oil Industry Reckons With Climate Change

ExxonMobil shareholders have elected two board members backed by activist investors. We discuss the new chapter in the battle to make energy companies face the threat of climate change — and to change themselves.   Guests Andrew Logan, senior director of oil and gas at the non-profit Ceres, which works with the private sector to address environmental and sustainability issues. (@ALoganCeres) Charlie Penner, member of Engine No. 1, founded last fall to address climate change in corporate board rooms. Aeisha Mastagni, portfolio manager at CalSTRS, the California State Teachers’ Retirement System. Member of the board of directors for the Council of Institutional Investors. (@AMastagni) Phil Verleger, senior fellow at the Niskanen Center. Owner of the consulting firm PKVerleger LLC. (@pkverlegerllc) From The Reading List New York Times: “Climate Activists Defeat Exxon in Push for Clean Energy” — “Big Oil was dealt a stunning defeat on Wednesday when shareholders of Exxon Mobil elected at least two board candidates nominated by activist investors who pledged to steer the company toward cleaner energy and away from oil and gas.” New York Times: “Activists Crashed Exxon’s Board, but Forcing Change Will Be Hard” — “The growing urgency to address climate change and concerns about the financial performance of Exxon Mobil aligned this week to help activist investors place two directors on the company’s board.” Barrons: “Exxon Mobil Board Will Seat At Least Two Activist Candidates. Why the World’s Oil Companies Can’t Fight Change.” — “It would be considered a triumph of David over Goliath—if Goliath weren’t over the hill and David didn’t seem to have Goliaths of his own in his corner.” Financial Times: “Climate activists hail breakthrough victories over Exxon and Shell” — “Big Oil has suffered a climate backlash after a court ordered Royal Dutch Shell to aggressively slash carbon emissions and ExxonMobil shareholders backed an activist investor that said the supermajor faced “existential risk” because of its focus on fossil fuels.” Bloomberg: “Exxon Mobil May Be Big Oil’s Canary In the Coal Mine: Green Insight” — “Last week’s shakeup of Exxon Mobil Corp.’s board of directors is by most accounts a clear signal to corporate America that ambivalence and greenwashing will no longer be enough when it comes to addressing the climate crisis.” This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

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The provided query could be "['Represent this', 'In May, the Discovery Channel will be broadcasting live as Joby Ogwyn climbs to the summit of Mount Everest, and then jumps off it, descending 10,000 feet in a wing suit. As this is clearly the last chance we have to talk to him while he\'s still alive, we\'ve invited him to play a game called "Band on the Run." Three questions about Wings, Paul McCartney\'s lesser-known band. PETER SAGAL, HOST:  And now the game where we take people who do amazing things and ask them do something nobody will ever remember. In May, the Discovery Channel will be broadcasting live as climber Joby Ogwyn climbs to the summit of Mount Everest and then jumps off it, descending 10,000 feet at least in a wing-suit. As this is clearly the last chance we have to talk to him while he\'s still alive, Joby Ogwyn, welcome to WAIT WAIT...DON\'T TELL ME! (APPLAUSE) SAGAL: So tell us exactly what you\'re going to do. JOBY OGWYN: Well, the basic plan is to climb to the top of the world and then change into my wing-suit and jump off the top and fly down and land at base camp. SAGAL: Right, and how far is that in terms of vertical distance? OGWYN: It\'s about 11,000 vertical feet. SAGAL: Eleven-thousand vertical feet. But it\'s not straight down, of course. OGWYN: No, it\'s not. It\'s definitely covering some - a few miles of distance, as well. SAGAL: Right, and you\'ve climbed Mount Everest before, right? OGWYN: I have. I\'ve climbed it. I\'ve done three expeditions to Everest. I got to the top twice. SAGAL: But I mean, what happened? Did you get up there and, like, well, this is great, I made it to the summit of Mount Everest. Man, I\'m really frustrated I have to walk down? If only there were a quicker way. (LAUGHTER) SAGAL: Now the wing-suit, I\'m trying to remember. I think I saw one of these in a James Bond movie. This is a suit that makes you look vaguely like a high-tech flying squirrel, right? OGWYN: It can. There\'s a lot of different kinds of suits, especially now. They\'ve come up with a lot of things. I think if you watch my Everest project, I\'ll look more like a missile or a rocket than a flying squirrel. But it works really good either way. SAGAL: You look like a missile? Missiles tend to go straight down. Am I not...? (LAUGHTER) SAGAL: We had Nik Wallenda on the show, right before he crossed the Grand Canyon on a tightrope. And when he did that, he had a sort of a mantra. He\'s a religious man, so he thanked Jesus Christ, thank you Jesus, thank you Jesus. Do you have anything like that? Because I was actually - if I had to do something like that, I would have a variation on Nik Wallenda\'s thing. I would just be like Jesus Christ, Jesus Christ. (LAUGHTER) SAGAL: Is there something you\'re going to be saying to yourself as you leap off Mount Everest? OGWYN: I have a feeling I\'ll be talking to myself. Whether it actually comes out, you know, of my mouth, I\'m not sure, but something pretty close to what Nick was saying, which is, you know, God give me a little help here if you can. SAGAL: Right. I think - I mean, nothing against anybody\'s religious faith, but I think God\'s attitude would be look, you just climbed up that mountain and jumped off. You are on your own, my friend. (LAUGHTER) SAGAL: Free will. PAULA POUNDSTONE: I\'m an atheist, but I can imagine that God would say: Did I give you wings? (LAUGHTER) (APPLAUSE) POUNDSTONE: Yeah, I\'ll help a bird. You go ahead and flap. (LAUGHTER) SAGAL: So this wing-suit, I mean I know what a parachute does, obviously, it slows you down. The wing-suit allows you to maneuver. But you\'re still falling at a pretty rapid clip, right? OGWYN: Sure, you\'re definitely going down. I mean, eventually you are going to have to land. But now the technology has evolved to the point where you really are flying out further than you are falling, and your glide ratio is much bigger. So you really, you really are Superman when you\'re up there like that. CHARLIE PIERCE: Wow. SAGAL: That sounds pretty cool. POUNDSTONE: Joby, by the way, you\'re not Superman when you\'re up there. (LAUGHTER) POUNDSTONE: You know, you said you do a lot of work at the higher altitudes, and that can wreak havoc with the brain, can\'t it, Joby? You\'re never Superman. That\'s a made-up character, OK? You\'re an adventurous, strong man with a suit. (LAUGHTER) POUNDSTONE: Don\'t let anybody shoot at you, Joby. Don\'t do it. SAGAL: Can you land in the wing-suit, or do you need a parachute to land? OGWYN: Well, she\'s probably right. I\'m probably more like Batman than Superman. (LAUGHTER) OGWYN: You know, I do need the equipment. SAGAL: Yeah. So Joby Ogwyn, we have asked you here to play a game we\'re calling... CARL KASELL: Band on the Run. SAGAL: You have wings, but what do you know about Wings? Wings, of course is the most famous and important band Paul McCartney was ever in. (LAUGHTER) SAGAL: We\'re going to ask you three questions about the band Wings. Iff you get two right, you\'ll win our prize for one of our listeners, Carl\'s voice on their voicemail. Carl wh']" and the positive "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Not My Job: Wing-Suit Explorer Joby Ogwyn Gets Quizzed On Wings (The Band)']"

Stories: 1) Michael Klare: Grappling With The Age Of 'Tough Oil' 2) How Endangered Species Are Faring In The Gulf


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Question: Louisiana Readies for Second Hurricane in a Month

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Louisiana Gov. Kathleen Babineaux Blanco discusses preparations for Hurricane Rita. It's the second hurricane to affect her state in less than a month.

It's Friday, and here are some of the stories we're watching: Egypt's 'Smooth Military Coup' Protested. Last Suspect In 1995 Sarin Attack Arrested In Tokyo. Forest Boy Is A Hoax, Police Say. Prosecutors Rest Their Case In Sandusky Sex Assaults Trial. (Philadelphia Inquirer) Britain Proposes Expanding Individual Data Tracking, Critics Slam Its Intrusiveness. (Telegraph) Democracy Activist Aung San Suu Kyi Falls Ill Briefly, Resumes European Tour. (Reuters) Spain's Debt Rises Sharply In The First Quarter, Up 30 Percentage Points Since 2008. (Wall Street Journal) International Criminal Court Swears In Gambian Lawyer As Top Prosecutor, First Woman To Hold Position. (CNN) China To Launch First Female Astronaut Into Space Tomorrow. (AP) Tropical Storm Carlotta Poised To Become Hurricane Off Mexico's Pacific Coast. (AP) In Sports: Tiger Tied For Second, Miami Ties Up NBA Finals.


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Question: Supporters Hope Trump Bounces Back In Second Debate

Even Donald Trump's biggest supporters are hoping he has a better performance Sunday than he did in the first presidential debate. Trump backers in Nevada, Arizona and Colorado offer advice to Trump ahead of this weekend's debate.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


Question:
Represent
Listener Limerick Challenge

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I'll smell you with my hand; Snakes on a Vein; The Drinking Mr. Ed.

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Getting a Read on What the President is Reading

Reporters who cover the White House and politics pay careful attention to the president's reading habits. So I was really interested in a paragraph in David Rogers' Wall Street Journal story today (registration required). He talked to Sen. Sam Brownback (R-KS) who, after meeting with President Bush at the White House this week about immigration, said that the president had read and was urging Brownback to read Nick Kotz's Judgment Days. It's the story of the relationship between LBJ and MLK leading up to the Voting Rights Act of 1965.  Just as LBJ broke with southern Democrats to do the right thing on civil rights (costing his party the South ever since), Brownback believes Mr. Bush is ready to do the same thing with his party on immigration.

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Is This Pledge a Lemon; Out With the Old, In With the Old; and Time Is on Their Side.


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Question: Mugabe, Tsvangarai Reach Power Sharing Deal In Zimbabwe

After months of politically motivated violence and months of negotiations, longtime Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe and opposition leader Morgan Tsvangarai have struck a power sharing deal. The two leaders have been at odds since a disputed election in March.  Under the new agreement, signed today and mediated by South African President Thabo Mbeki, Mugabe will, reportedly, keep his seat as president and Tsvangarai will become Zimbabwe's prime minister. Jeffrey Barbee, a freelance reporter who has been covering the situation, offers details of the agreement. MICHEL MARTIN, host:  I'm Michel Martin and this is Tell Me More from NPR News.  Coming up, the creator of the HBO series, "Six Feet Under," turns from death to another disturbing subject in his new film, "Towelhead."  We'll talk to him in just a minute.    But first to Zimbabwe. After months of politically motivated violence and months of negotiations, long-time president Robert Mugabe and opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai have struck a power-sharing deal.  South African President Thabo Mbeki mediated the agreement, which we understand will allow Mugabe to keep his seat as president and make Tsvangirai prime minister.  Zimbabwe has been in turmoil since the disputed election in March, which opposition leaders say they won outright, but the government forced a runoff in June.  Violence against opposition supporters reached such a level that Tsvangirai dropped out of the race, saying that government-sponsored attacks on his supporters made it impossible for him to continue.  Mugabe was declared the winner.    Today the two sides released the details of an agreement hammered out over the course of the week.  Joining us to talk about it is Jeffrey Barbee.  He's a freelance reporter who's been covering the situation in Zimbabwe and he joins us on the line from South Africa. Thank you so much for speaking with us.    Mr. JEFFREY BARBEE (Freelance Reporter):  Thank you very much, Michel.  MARTIN:  Now we understand that the agreement has been signed as we speak, that President Mugabe will retain his seat.  Morgan Tsvangirai will become prime minister.  Are there any other key elements that you can tell us about?  Mr. BARBEE:  It's understood that there will be essentially 31 seats and those seats seats within the Cabinet will be shared by the majority of Tsvangirai's MDC, together with the Mutambara faction of the MDC as well.  MARTIN:  Arthur Mutambara being who?  Mr. BARBEE:  Mutambara created the split MDC faction and they control about 10 seats within the Zimbabwean parliament.  This makes them a crucial swing vote within the parliament and that's why they were also featured within these three-party talks.  So we had Tsvangirai's MDC, we had Mugabe's ZANU-PF, and we had Mutambara's MDC faction, as well, all party to the talks.  MARTIN:  One of the critical questions that seems to me is who will run the security apparatus of the country, which played such a crucial role in the post-election violence?  Of course, although Mugabe's people dispute this, it is widely believed by international observers and members of the opposition that the security forces were used to harass and attack opposition supporters.  So who now will be in charged of these entities?  Mr. BARBEE:  Well, Michel, I really think that this is the crucial question.  There's talk right now that Morgan Tsvangirai's MDC will control Home Affairs.  Now this Cabinet of Home Affairs includes the police, so he would have control of the police while Robert Mugabe's ZANU-PF would retain control of the military.  That is not to say that that is the only avenue of control within the Zimbabwean government for the police and the security apparatus.  There's another group that controls them outside of the Cabinet called the Joint Operations Command and the Joint Operations Command, as of yesterday, was supposed to fall underneath Morgan Tsvangirai's control.  MARTIN:  Do you have any sense of how this agreement is being received in Zimbabwe?  Mr. BARBEE:  Well, I have a very good group of people on the ground I have been in touch with and throughout Harare and in the eastern city of Mutare, there is very little celebration.  Nobody dares express an opinion for the MDC.  There were no celebrations happening last night in Harare by the MDC.  Disturbingly, I got three different reports of celebration happening in ZANU-PF strongholds.  MARTIN:  What do you think that means?  Mr. BARBEE:  Well, I think for a lot of people within ZANU-PF, they might look at this as a potential victory because they have not handed over absolute power to Morgan Tsvangirai.  MARTIN:  Well then, what benefit is this to the opposition?  Is this the best they could get?  And do you think they'll have any real governing authority?  Mr. BARBEE:  I can say that we really are looking for the concrete details of this plan to be released later today, to sit back and be able to look at them and say what we think and what is possible to

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- House Intelligence Chairman Devin Nunes To Step Aside From Russia Probe. -- In 'Important Step', U.S. Women's Soccer Team Reaches New Labor Deal. -- Ethics Panel Sends Case Against Alabama Governor To Prosecutors. And here are more early headlines: Baltimore Police Consent Decree Hearing Will Proceed. (Baltimore Sun) Study Says 1 In 10 Deaths Globally Due To Smoking. (Guardian) Colombia To Investigate Deadly Mudslide. (BBC) Myanmar Leader Suu Kyi Denies Ethnic Cleaning Charges. (Sydney Morning Herald) Hundreds Of Migrants Rescued Wednesday In Mediterranean. (VOA) Gambia Holds First Parliamentary Election Under New President. (Al Jazeera) Vegas Man Charged With Possessing Weapons Of Mass Destruction. (Las Vegas Review-Journal) Former Astronaut, Senator John Glenn To Be Buried In Arlington Cemetery. (VOA)


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Question: Rilo Kiley in Concert

The hauntingly soulful voice of singer Jenny Lewis has drawn legions of fans to the L.A. band Rilo Kiley. Since releasing its first CD in 2001, the band has gradually abandoned its weepy pop-country sound for '80s-inspired college rock and new wave, but the incandescent passion in Lewis' voice has remained, drawing comparisons to Loretta Lynn and Neko Case.  Now on tour in support of Under the Blacklight, Rilo Kiley visits Washington, D.C.'s 9:30 Club for a full concert, originally webcast live on NPR.org Sept. 26. Lewis recently returned to Rilo Kiley after taking time off for a brief solo run. Her 2006 album Rabbit Fur Coat (featured in a live concert on NPR.org by Lewis) was a surprise hit. Steeped in blue-eyed soul, gospel and rock, the album featured guest appearances by Conor Oberst, M. Ward and Ben Gibbard, and ultimately charted higher than any previous Rilo Kiley CD.  With Rilo Kiley's Under the Blacklight, Lewis sounds more sultry and seductive than ever before. The album explores seedy tales of drinking, one-night stands, jilted lovers and the sex industry, all illuminated by a nightclub's dingy blacklight. Out on Warner Bros., it's Rilo Kiley's major-label debut. Rilo Kiley first formed in 1998, releasing its lo-fi debut Take Offs and Landings in 2001 on the Barsuk label. Under the Blacklight is the band's fourth full-length album. Following the early departure of original drummer Dave Brock, the group now features Jenny Lewis, Blake Sennett on guitar, bassist Pierre de Reeder and Jason Boesel on drums.

A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: DREAM Act Supporters Rally Arizona Voters

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Examples:

"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'NETWORK RAMSEY SEGMENT NSA SEGMENT NBC 7:39 0:27 CBS 3:23 0:25 ABC 4:03 2:00 (link)...']" == "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'the truth is out there']"

In Arizona, some people who couldn't vote had a personal stake in getting others to the polls. Young undocumented immigrants walked neighborhoods in the Phoenix area, looking for citizens who support one piece of legislation which could change their lives.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- After Four Years, Chinese Dissident Artist Ai Weiwei Gets His Passport Back. -- Loops, Glitches Raise Questions About Dash Cam Video. And here are more early headlines: Critical Transportation Bill Stalls In Senate. (Politico) Congress To Get Briefing From Administration On Iran Nuclear Deal. (USA Today) Jury To Start Sentencing Phase In Colorado Theater Shooter Case. (NBC) Kyrgyzstan Ends Treaty With U.S. Following Diplomatic Row. (VOA) Burundi Counts Votes In Presidential Election That The U.S. Says Isn't Credible. (BBC) Armed Citizens Guarding Some Military Recruitment Centers. (AP) Navajo Nation Voters Loosen Language Requirements For Tribal Leaders. (Farmington Daily Times) Washed Out I-10 Freeway Bridge To Partially Re-Open Friday. (KJZZ) Scientists Believe They've Got Fragments Of World's Oldest Koran. (Time)


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Question: NPR Bestsellers: Hardcover Nonfiction, Week Of July 11, 2013

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At No. 11, Amy Stewart explores the plants behind our favorite cocktails in The Drunken Botanist.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Fed Watchers Expect Short-Term Interest Rates To Rise Soon. -- An Obama-Backed Change At Voice Of America Has Trump Critics Worried. -- A Year Later, Unfiltered Flint Tap Water Is Still Unsafe To Drink. And here are more early headlines: Evacuation Of Civilians Delayed In Aleppo; Fighting Resumes. (Telegraph) Trump To Meet With Tech Industry Leaders Today. (Recode) Dangerous Wind Chills Persist In Upper Plains. (Weather.gov) Philippines President Says He Killed Suspects To Show Police. (Guardian) Actor Alan Thicke Dies; Starred On "Growing Pains". (Los Angeles Times) National Film Registry Adds "Thelma And Louise", "Lion King", Others. (Variety) On 4th Anniversary Of Sandy Hook Shootings, 15 Minutes Of Silence. (AP)


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Reading Lips, Shoot Like A Girl, and Out-of-Control Reptiles. Includes a call-out to Carl Hiaasen, journalist/novelist/Florida expert.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: When Cancer Calls, Family Matters Most

Normally in a parent-child relationship, the responsiblity for care falls on the parent. But when unfortunate circumstances strike, the roles can quickly be reversed. This was the case for Dan Steinberg, who along with sister, Molly, saw their mother, Peg, through her multiple bouts with cancer. When Peg Steinberg was 36, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. Ten and a half years later, it had reappeared in her skin, but she managed to get through it. Since then, Peg has had another bout with cancer. "Two years ago, I was diagnosed with ovarian cancer," Peg says. "But I now feel pretty good, and so far — knock wood — the cancer is not there." Peg says her family has been like a rock to her, even when her son Dan was younger.  She remembers a time when Dan and his sister, Molly, went to the hospital when Peg first had her mastectomies. Dan and Molly crawled in bed with Peg, and they watched movies on the television. But the most amazing time of support for Peg was after her surgery for ovarian cancer.  "You and Molly both said, 'Mom, we were young before and you wanted to protect us, but now we're here for you. We're adults and we want to know what you're feeling so we can help you get through it,'" Peg recalls. "And that was very powerful." Dan admires the way his mother was able to carry herself throughout the entire experience. "You're still my mother, Molly's mother. And that hasn't changed," Dan says. "I guess what's been hard for me is just facing up to the fact that at some point, I know I'm gonna have to say goodbye to you and I hope that's not soon. But I guess part of me thinks it could be anytime."  Peg says that if there was anything she could change in terms of her illness, it would be to have been able to give Dan more positive things in life, so that he would not have had the fear of losing his mother. "The idea that you haven't been able to give us positive things is just absurd," Dan says. "I love you and you have always been a role model of how I should attack life, how I should live life." Peg seems pleased. "You know what, honey? I'm very happy that you feel that way, and I can't imagine having been through any of this without all of you," she says. Produced for 'Morning Edition' by Katie Simon. The senior producer of StoryCorps is Michael Garofalo. RENEE MONTAGNE, host:  Time again for StoryCorps, where friends and loved ones interview each other about their lives.  Today, a conversation between a mother and son. Dan Steinberg brought his mother Peg to StoryCorps to talk about how their family has made it through her multiple bouts with cancer.  Ms. PEG STEINBERG: When I was 36, I was diagnosed with breast cancer. Ten and a half years later, it had reappeared in my skin, but I managed to come through it.  Mr. DAN STEINBERG: And since then, you've had one more bout with cancer.  Ms. STEINBERG: Yes, I have. Two years ago, I was diagnosed with ovarian cancer, but I now feel pretty good and so far - knock wood - the cancer is not there.  My family has been like a rock to me, from when you were even little. When you both came to the hospital when I first had my mastectomies, and you crawled in bed with me and we watched movies on the television. But the most amazing time was after my surgery from my ovarian cancer. You and Molly both said, we were young before and you wanted to protect us, but now we're here for you. We're adults, and we want to know what you're feeling so we can help you get through it. And that was very powerful.  Mr. STEINBERG: The way that you were able to carry yourself throughout the entire thing - you're still my mother, Molly's mother, and that hasn't changed. I guess what's been hard for me is facing up to the fact that, at some point, I know I'm going to have to say goodbye to you. And I hope that's not soon. But I guess part of me thinks it could be anytime.  Ms. STEINBERG: If there's anything I could change in terms of my illness, it would be that I could just give you positive things in life so that you would never have to deal with the fear of losing your mother.  Mr. STEINBERG: The idea that you haven't been able to give us positive things is, I mean, it's absurd. I love you, and you have always been a role model of how I should attack life, how I should live life.  Ms. STEINBERG: You know what, honey? I'm very happy that you feel that way, and I can't imagine having been through any of this without all of you.  (Soundbite of music)  MONTAGNE: That's Peg Steinberg with her son Dan at StoryCorps in Martha's Vineyard.  This interview will be archived, along with all the others, at the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress. You can subscribe to the StoryCorps podcast at npr.org.

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Stories: 1) Suzanne Mintz, Making Family Caregiving Easier 2) After the Cold War, Russian Espionage in the U.S.


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Question: Rahm? Rahm Emanuel? Mr. Emanuel?

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Rahm Emanuel is a man whose name bedevils news organizations. Of course, he is President Obama's two-fisted chief of staff. So, when he's quoted or mentioned on radio, TV, or print, reporters and anchors generally identify him on first reference as Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel. But for some reason — most likely his unusual first name — news organizations are conflicted on how to identify Emanuel on the second reference. Standard news editorial practice across the board is to give a person's full name on first reference and only the last name on second reference. But not for Emanuel. Oddly, several news organizations refer to him on a second reference as "Rahm Emanuel." NPR has just decided to make that a policy after correspondent Nina Totenberg referred to Emanuel three times by his first name only on-air. Here's what Totenberg said on All Things Considered Nov. 13 in an interview with host Michele Norris about the announcement that White House counsel Gregory Craig was leaving the post. Totenberg first mentioned that Craig's status had been the subject of numerous White House leaks, which she attributed to Rahm Emmanuel (using his full name), then added: "Was it Rahm not wanting to have another power center? Was it their personalities? Was it Rahm seeing the GITMO stuff as a distraction from the president's agenda? You know, these are very different animals. Rahm is someone who above all else, sees his job as winning. And Greg Craig has some very passionately held views on human rights and foreign policy and there was a conflict."  (Totenberg also never gave Emanuel's title so some listeners may have wondered who 'Rahm' was.) When I asked her about this seemingly familiar reference to Emanuel, Totenberg said, "In Washington, and elsewhere, Rahm is known as Rahm , not because I know him, which I don't." (Though she says she has met him.) The use of only Emanuel's first name concerned former reporter and editor, Bill Choyke, who used to cover the Supreme Court years ago with Totenberg. "Just finished listening to Nina's story on the departure of Gregory Craig, and I was taken aback by her repeated reference to Rahm rather than the last name of the White House chief of staff," wrote Choyke. "Is this accepted referencing by NPR? I could not tell whether it was intended to portray the reporter as an insider or as a sign of disrespect to the chief of staff. Either way, it was not the way that I recall how impartial reporting should be done." Choyke is right. NPR's senior vice president for news, Ellen Weiss, said it was a mistake — and not NPR's style — for Totenberg to refer to Emanuel only by his first name. "While this is a breach of style rules," said Ron Elving, NPR's Washington editor in an email, "it's understandable that in an unscripted two-way conversation, any reporter would refer to 'Rahm' rather than Emanuel. I realize it sounds chummy and that's why it's not our style (exceptions made for a handful of entertainers and sports figures such as A-Rod or Kareem or Magic). "But Nina, who is not social friends with Rahm Emanuel, is like anyone — she uses the name that someone is recognized by," continued Elving. "And no one, absolutely no one, refers to Rahm Emanuel as Emanuel, or Mr. Emanuel, or Chief of Staff Emanuel. Therefore our style for him will have to be Rahm Emanuel, both names on first reference and second reference." I checked around and with the help of NPR's librarian Janel White, we discovered that Emanuel may be the news business' exception to the rule on second references. Here's the breakdown on how Emanuel is identified on other news outlets on the second reference: CNN — alternates between full name and Mr. EmanuelFox News — full nameMSNBC — alternates between full name and Mr. EmanuelNBC — alternates between full name and Mr. EmanuelABC — EmanuelCBS — EmanuelPBS — full nameWashington Post — EmanuelNew York Times — Mr. Emanuel If it were up to me, NPR would not have a special rule for Emanuel (he'd just be Emanuel) — as it does for U.S. presidents. Almost every day some astute listener's ears perk up when someone from NPR refers to the president on second reference as Mr. Obama. Many call and say that it's disrespectful to use "mister" and that NPR would never have said Mr. Bush on second reference for the previous president. But in fact, NPR journalists did. It's been NPR's style since the mid 1970s to refer to the president of the United States as President X on the first reference and Mr. X or "the president" on the second reference.

Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: Herman's Her-mistresses; I Love The '70s: Iran; and Onward to Mars!


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Question: As Pakistan Marks 70 Years Of Independence, Its Minorities Struggle For Space

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The children pile into the stadium in shiny clothes, clutching green-and-white Pakistani flags. Their parents light the area with cell phones to record the event as they scream, chant and cheer, watching soldiers close a gate that separates India from Pakistan. In the evening ritual at the Wagah-Attari border, near Lahore and Amritsar, soldiers from both countries high-kick, shake their fists, then shake hands – and slam the gate shut. It is deeply visceral for many Pakistanis: an acknowledgement of their border, of a plucky country they feel they have sacrificed so much to create. Pakistan was imagined more than 70 years ago by a stern, British-educated, whiskey-drinking Shiite lawyer. Muhammad Ali Jinnah hoped for a nation as cosmopolitan as he was. He led the fight to carve the country out of British-ruled India. In a new, independent India, Muslims were fearful that they would be dominated by a Hindu majority. But in the decades since, the sense of who is a citizen in the Muslim state hasn't been resolved. The question has come at a high price: Although Pakistan's constitution specifies the protection of minority rights, "the government limited freedom of religion," according to the State Department. The country's tiny minorities of Sikhs, Christians and Hindus are vulnerable to persecution. Certain laws, such as blasphemy laws, are often used to target them. Within the Muslim community as well, the definition of who exactly is a Muslim has narrowed. The seeds of Pakistan's intolerance were sown within the country's very ideology as a Muslim state, says Taimur Rehman, a political scientist at the Lahore University of Management Sciences. That intolerance was "inherent in the very way in which Pakistan was created and the very purpose which it was supposed to serve of being a Muslim state," he says. "By its very definition, it has already singled out a community in opposition to another one," he says, referring to Muslims and Hindus. "And it's very easy for that community to be to be narrowed further." Over the decades, he argues, the narrowing has been exacerbated by the military, Pakistan's most powerful institution, which cultivated hard-line Islamists to wage a jihad in the disputed region of Kashmir, among other things. This has given right-wing religious groups outsize influence. "Despite never having won an election," Rehman says, "they are nonetheless able to dictate the narrative in the country because of the support that they have from the military establishment." Perhaps none have suffered more than members of a small Muslim sect, known as Ahmadis, whose beliefs clash with the dominant Sunni version of Islam. They played a key role in founding Pakistan. They are a community of over-achievers: An Ahmadi physicist, Abdus Salam, received one of only two Nobel prizes awarded to Pakistanis. But the state declared Ahmadis as heretics via a constitutional amendment in the 1970s and restricted their rights further in the 1980s. They're not allowed to call themselves Muslims, and can't refer to their houses of worship as mosques. Over the years, militants have attacked their mosques and targeted them in killings. In a leafy suburb near Lahore, the Khans live in a two-story home behind a high gate that's firmly bolted. Mrs. Khan stands on the balcony every morning, waiting for her husband to return from prayers at their local mosque. She's terrified that somebody will kill him. "We are frightened," she says. "For the life." (Her first name isn't being published out of concern for the family's safety.) Most of her family already fled overseas. So far, Mrs. Khan insists on staying. She runs a clinic that dispenses free medicine to her poorer neighbors. "If I go, the people will suffer," she says. She doesn't want to "just sit and eat" in exile. "This is not the meaning of life." She's also worried about her nephew. Twice, somebody threw a note into his house warning him to convert to Sunni Islam — or die. He hides out here when he's afraid. He repeatedly tried to flee Pakistan – but he says the U.K., Sweden and Canada all rejected applications. The roots of intolerance run deeper than just how Pakistan defines itself as a Muslim state, says Anam Zakariya, an oral historian in Islamabad. She traces it back to Pakistan's birth story – at the time of Partition, in 1947, when millions of Hindus and Sikhs fled to India and Muslims to Pakistan. Mobs raped and butchered each other — around a million people died. But Zakariya says those events are pushed aside. Pakistan focuses on celebrating its creation – and emphasizes how Muslims were victims. "Now if it's your biggest victory to date," Zakariya says, "you have to make sure that the bloodshed is portrayed to the younger generations as perpetrated by Indians — Hindus and Sikhs." It's to drive home the point: "And that's why there was a need to create Pakistan." There are challenges emerging to that narrative. In a sprawling park in the heart of noisy, smoggy L

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['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Ed O'Loughlin (oh-LOCK-lin) reports from Johannesburg on fears of a new wave of right-wing violence in the wake of several recent bombings in two different parts of South Africa. A previously unknown Afrikaner group has claimed responbility for the attacks, which killed four people. At least some of the bombs appeared aimed at the Muslim community. Police have arrested two white right-wingers allegedly caught with explosives."] == ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'South African Right-Wing']

Good morning, we're looking at these stories today: As Fighting Rages In Damascus, Survival Of Assad's Regime Is In Doubt. Video May Show Suicide Bomber Who Attacked Bus In Bulgaria. Former Egyptian Vice President And Intelligence Chief Omar Suleiman Dies In U.S. (Reuters) Ramadan Starts At Sundown, Muslims Begin Their Holiest Month Of The Year. (BeliefNet) Widening U.S. Drought Means Some Higher Food Prices. (USA Today) Zimmerman Sorry For Trayvon Martin's Death, Terms It 'God's Plan'. (Miami Herald) New Inquiry Into Plane Crash That Killed UN Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold In 1961. (Guardian) Russian Muslim Leader Shot And Killed, Had Criticized Islamist Violence. (BBC) 3 European Hostages Freed In Mali After 10 Months, Fly To Burkina Faso. (AP) Television's 64th Emmy Award Nominations Out Today. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Detroit Automakers Fight Hospital Expansions

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['represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details', 'Democrats are trying to figure out how to win back white working-class voters after last month’s loss to Donald Trump, and at least one member of President Barack Obama’s cabinet has a few ideas. Tom Vilsack has served as agriculture secretary for the entirety of Obama’s administration, and as a former governor of Iowa, he has urged his fellow Democrats for years that their party needs to reach out to rural voters. Here & Now‘s Peter O’Dowd spoke with Vilsack about rural politics, where the Democratic party goes from here and how international trade impacts U.S. farmers. Interview Highlights On his reaction to Trump’s win “I wouldn’t say that I saw it coming, but I had some concerns about how accurate the polls were, based on my travels throughout rural America for the last several years. And it’s not just this campaign, I think this has been a situation that has been developing over a period of many years, and I think it finally came to a head in this election.” Array On how President Obama’s approach to rural areas in 2008 and 2012 compared to Clinton’s in 2016 “The president’s right — he did in fact go to Iowa, he did in fact spend a lot of time in the small towns, and I think that made a big difference. There was one difference though. When the president ran the first time, in 2008, [Iowa] had a Democratic governor, a Democratic legislature and a Democratic voting registration edge. All of that has dissipated over the period of the last six or seven, eight years. So [in 2016] we had a Republican governor, a Republican house, and all of the Republicans in Iowa — in leadership positions — were forcefully behind Donald Trump. “Having said that, I think that, if you look at state legislative races, you look at Congressional races, you look at Senate races, and now you look at the presidential race, the Democratic Party needs to spend some time, some resource and some effort in rural areas, because the president is absolutely correct — you cannot afford to lose those places 90/10, 80/20, 75/25, as has happened in far too many elections in the last couple of cycles.” On the Democratic Party’s message “I think that there’s an understandable desire to focus on the future, and to focus on increasing and expanding populations in the country, and that’s all well and good. I think the reality is you have to do both. I think you have to have a strategy that, essentially, speaks to the entirety of America. Because we have a message that I believe will sell, and we have taken steps to provide help and assistance, we just haven’t marketed as aggressively and as well as I think we should have.”'] == ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack Says Democrats Could Win Back Rural Voters']

Detroit's Big Three automakers are fighting plans to build new suburban hospitals. Hospital officials say they need customers from affluent suburbs to offset the cost of caring for the city's poorest patients. Auto executives fear new hospitals will increase insurance premiums for companies -- and eventually raise car prices. Quinn Klinefelter of Detroit Public Radio reports.

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

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President Donald Trump made a surprise visit to U.S. troops in Iraq and Germany on Wednesday. During the visit, he defended his decision to withdraw about 2,000 American troops from Syria, a move that spurred the resignation of Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis and was widely criticized by national security experts. From The Associated Press:  [Trump] said the decision to leave Syria showed America’s renewed stature on the world stage and his quest to put “America first.” “We’re no longer the suckers, folks,” Trump told U.S. servicemen and women at al-Asad Airbase in western Iraq, about 100 miles or 60 kilometers west of Baghdad. “We’re respected again as a nation.”  A White House official said the trip had been in the works for more than six weeks. Brett McGurk, the president’s special envoy to coalition forces combating ISIS, also resigned over the troop withdrawal from Syria. But the president suggested he wasn’t familiar with McGurk.
Brett McGurk, who I do not know, was appointed by President Obama in 2015. Was supposed to leave in February but he just resigned prior to leaving. Grandstander? The Fake News is making such a big deal about this nothing event! — Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) December 23, 2018   Anti-government protests have also gained more traction around the globe recently. Police used tear gas and fired upon thousands of protesters in Sudan on Christmas Day. The protesters were attempting to march on the presidential palace of Omar al-Bashir, who has been Sudan’s president for 29 years. The Associated Press reported that Tuesday’s march came after “a week of protests initially sparked by rising prices and shortages of food and fuel, but which later escalated into calls for Bashir to go.” And in Tunisia, photojournalist Abderazzak Zergui set himself on fire to protest social conditions in the country. Reuters reported that Zerguri posted a Facebook video before his death that “appeared to say that whenever the unemployed in his town prepare to protest, militant attacks are launched to silence them.” A devastating tsunami in Indonesia killed more than 430 people on Saturday. The island is still on high alert as volcanic activity continues. Officials are still looking for survivors. From NBC:  A tsunami hit the coast Saturday after a 158-acre section of rock from Anak Krakatau’s southwest side — the size of nearly 120 football fields — collapsed into the ocean. The shock, equivalent to a 3.4-magnitude earthquake, triggered the wave that hit land 24 minutes later. Saturday’s disaster struck without warning, taking people by surprise in a country that regularly suffers landslides, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. No big earthquake shook the ground beforehand, and the waves surged inland at night on a holiday weekend while people were enjoying concerts and other beach and resort activities.  And a small city in Minnesota is fighting back against a report by a Der Spiegel reporter. Journalist Claas Relotius “invented a condescending fiction” about Fergus Falls. After two citizens published a lengthy fact-check of Relotius’ work called “Der Spiegel journalist messed with the wrong small town”, the magazine retracted the piece and investigated the reporter’s other work — a process which revealed fabrication in many of his other stories. The venerated German magazine plans to press charges against Relotius. We’re headed into the last weekend of 2018 with the global news that made headlines this week. GUESTS Ron Nixon, International investigations editor, Associated Press; author of “Selling Apartheid: South Africa’s Global Propaganda War”; @nixonron Rosiland Jordan, State Department/specials correspondent, Al Jazeera English Television; @RosJordanAJE Nathan Guttman, Washington correspondent, Israeli Public TV; @nathanguttman For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: The News Roundup — International

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The effects of a massive alleged Russian hacking effort targeting at least five federal agencies continue to develop. Earlier this week, expert Scott Jasper told 1A that the hack also affects tens of thousands of companies, in addition to the Department of Homeland Security and the National Institutes of Health, among other agencies. He called the attack very sophisticated. The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency says the malware involved could be extremely challenging to remove. And Russia continues to deny any involvement in the attack. Nigerian authorities say hundreds of school boys were released after being kidnapped by Boko Haram from their boarding school in northwest Nigeria. But it remains unclear if every child who was originally taken has been freed. Meanwhile, French president Emmanuel Macron tested positive for COVID-19. And the prime minister of Estwatini (the country formerly known as Swaziland), Ambrose Dlamini, died from the virus in a South African hospital. Dlamini is the first world leader to die from COVID-19. Plus, Brexit. The transition period for the U.K. leaves the E.U. is concluding on December 31. Like other governments with important end-of-year deadlines, there’s still a lot to work out. We bring you all those stories and more on the global edition of the News Roundup.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: WikiLeaks' Assange Writing Tell-All Book

WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange will make roughly $1.3 million for penning his memoir. He says he's writing the book to keep WikiLeaks afloat and to cover his legal costs.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Dozens Killed By Suicide Bomber In Yemen. -- Pakistan Threatens To Overshadow NATO Summit. -- Eclipse Of The Sun: Did You Fall Into The Ring Of Fire's Path? -- Let's Remember Robin Gibb By Saying It: Bee Gees' Disco Years Were Great. Other stories in the news: -- "White House Visitor Logs Provide Window Into Lobbying Industry," Lobbyists Are "Regular Presence." (The Washington Post) -- "Lockerbie Bomber To Be Buried, Controversy Lives On." (Agence France Presse) -- "Strauss-Kahn Faces 'Gang Rape' Inquiry." (BBC News) -- "Chen Guangcheng's Family And Friends 'Still At Risk' In China." (The Guardian)


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Question: To Break Through The News Feed Echo Chamber, Political Opinion Writers Read Opposing Voices

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Amy Goodman of Democracy Now; Jennifer Rubin of the Washington Post; Ramesh Ponnuru of National Review; and Jonathan Chait of New York Magazine, tell us who they read even if they don't always agree.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Attack On University In Pakistan Kills At Least 20. -- Fire At Dubai High-Rise Tower Is Blamed On Electrical Issue In Spotlight. And here are more early headlines: Coast Guard Suspends Search Off Hawaii For Missing Marines. (KHON-TV) Portland Demonstrators Tell Armed Group On Federal Land To Go Home. (KOPB) Global Selloff In Asian Markets Continues. (MarketWatch) Report: Kurd Militias Tearing Down Arab Homes In Iraq. (Amnesty International) ISIS Confirms Suspicion That "Jihadi John" Killed. (New York Times) U.S. Official Urges China To Show "Leadership" With North Korea. (Yonhap) Fairy Tales May Be Older Than Some Religions. (Discovery News) To Help Some Farmers, Coconut Trees Aren't Trees Anymore In Indian State. (AP)


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Question: The Jamestown Project

Guest: Karen Ordahl Kupperman, the Silver Professor of History at New York University

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: As New Tools Bust Down Barriers For The Blind, Schools Struggle To Keep Up

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Provided: "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "One note about last week's ScuttleButton puzzle that few people may know:\xa0 As soon as I posted it, France gave up. Before you give up on this week's puzzle, a reminder on how to play. Every  Friday on this blog, there are buttons  displayed  vertically. Simply  take one word (or concept) per button, add  'em up,  and, hopefully, you  will arrive at a famous name or a familiar expression.  (And seriously, by familiar, I mean it's something that   more than one  person on Earth would recognize.) And  don't focus   on a   political  answer. It  doesn't    necessarily have to  be   political,   though it could  be. A  correct    answer chosen at    random gets  his  or her name in  this  column.  Personally,   I can't    imagine a  greater  honor. You can't use the comments box at the   bottom of  the page for your answer. Send submission (plus your name and    city/state -- you won't win without that) to politicaljunkie@npr.org. Click           here for the answer to last week's puzzle. And, by adding your name to the Political           Junkie mailing list, you will be the first on your block to       receive     notice when a new puzzle goes up on the blog. Sign up   at politicaljunkie@npr.org.           Or you can make sure to get an automatic RSS feed whenever a new        Junkie    post goes up by clicking here. Good           luck, and happy Friday! P.S. I usually reveal the answer    -- and announce the winner -- in this space on Tuesdays. So you  should   get your answer in by then."]" Match: "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "It's ScuttleButton Time!"]"

Apps can read a book aloud, and screen readers can translate websites into spoken language. These technologies have created opportunities for blind people, but many institutions have been slow to open up.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


Question:
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Question: The Race To Create The Best Antiviral Drugs

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If you've ever had a bacterial infection like staph or strep throat, your doctor may have prescribed penicillin. But if you've had the flu or a common cold virus, penicillin won't work. That's because antibacterials only kill bacteria, and both the flu and the common cold are viruses. So for illnesses like the flu, doctors prescribe antiviral drugs, which target the mechanisms that viruses use to reproduce. "For example, there are antivirals for the flu that interfere with the virus as it tries to get out of its host cell," says science writer Carl Zimmer. "So this molecule latches on to that particular protein that the virus uses to escape, and interferes with it so that the virus is trapped inside." Zimmer's latest piece for Wired magazine profiles the scientists who are developing antiviral medications, and examines the new ways medicine is working to attack viruses. "There are some really amazing antivirals that have been invented over the last 40 years," he says. "There are antivirals for herpes. There are antivirals for HIV. ... Now, if you were to get Ebola and you tried to take HIV drugs, they'd do you no good at all because that HIV drug only works for HIV. It's a narrow-spectrum drug, and really, there are no broad-spectrum antivirals, at this point." Targeting Viruses Broadly But scientists are now working to create a "penicillin-like" drug that will target viruses more broadly. In San Francisco, a company called Prosetta is working on a drug that doesn't affect a virus directly. Instead, it works by affecting the proteins that are naturally in cells that help viruses replicate. "The basic idea behind it is that viruses need help to build themselves," says Zimmer. "What happens is quite amazing: [Viruses] get lots of different proteins in our cells and cooperate to push their own proteins into place. And so the viruses need these groups of host proteins to form." Prosetta created a drug that prevents the host proteins from performing their cooperative jobs and helping the viruses out. Preliminary studies have shown that targeting these host proteins — and not the virus itself — can stop Ebola, influenza, rabies and other viruses. Other researchers are working to replace or help interferons, our body's own natural virus-fighting system. Eleanor Fish, a researcher at the University of Toronto, is heading a project to create synthetic interferon, in order to accelerate the body's virus-fighting response. "Today, people with Hepatitis C can get interferon treatment, but it doesn't work all that well. It has some benefit, but not as much as Eleanor Fish would like," says Zimmer. "So she has been essentially tweaking the interferon molecule to make it more effective, to make it last longer, to make it safe and to make it cheap. Because what she wants to do is deploy interferon all over the world where there isn't fancy refrigeration. She wants to help people who are dealing with viruses in very remote places." A third approach, says Zimmer, involves creating an artificial protein that would latch onto viruses and then instruct them to literally self-destruct. Spearheaded by Todd Rider at MIT, the project has been tested in cells and in mice. "Rider's basically hot-wiring your cells so that as soon as they get infected by a virus, that trips a switch," says Zimmer. "This doesn't exist naturally, but if you were to take a pill, the thinking is, then this molecule would go into your infected cells, and as soon as it detected the virus, it would kill the infected cell, and you would recover from your disease." But successfully eradicating viruses may bring a host of other problems, says Zimmer. He points to broad-spectrum antibiotics, which wipe out good bacteria in addition to bad bacteria. "Eventually your body may recover, and it can take awhile, and there may be some bad consequences of the antibiotics themselves," he says. "So it's going to be interesting to see what happens in the future if we are, in fact, knocking out lots of viruses. Because we don't understand the full ecology of the viruses that get into our bodies." There are trillions of viruses that live in our bodies, even when we're not sick, says Zimmer. "Some are harmful, some may not be harmful," he says. "Some may even help us defend against other viruses. It's very complicated in there, and we don't really understand it very well yet." Transplanting Gut Bacteria Physicians are now using bacteria to combat other diseases. Zimmer points to an example of a patient infected with the Clostridium difficile bacteria, which causes severe diarrhea and can frequently return, even when treated with antibiotics. The patient was treated with a transfusion of gut microbials from a healthy individual's fecal material to restore the bacterial flora in her intestinal tract. "Literally two days later she started feeling better, and a couple weeks later, when they went to sample the bacteria that was there, they couldn't find the C. difficile anymore. It

Stories: 1) Deadly Insurgents With Ties To U.S. Dollars 2) The Trouble With Health Problems Near Gas Fracking


Question: New FISA Bill Dramatic Departure From Old Law

The Senate has passed a new version of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. National security expert Suzanne Spaulding says the new bill adds to the old law and is a dramatic departure from the legal framework the old law set up.The Senate on Wednesday overwhelmingly approved an update of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), bringing to an end a 15-month battle over revamping electronic surveillance rules. The bill would grant retroactive immunity for telecom companies that cooperated with warrentless wiretaps.  It was a major legislative victory for President Bush, who hailed the bill's passage in the White House Rose Garden. "This legislation shows that even in an election year we can come together and get important pieces of legislation passed," Bush said. The president said he'd soon sign the surveillance update into law. He'd earlier threatened to veto any bill that did not include a provision shielding phone companies from lawsuits for taking part in warrantless wiretapping. The bill — which the House approved last month — effectively provides such legal immunity, though some senators tried to strip that provision. The Senate approved the bill by a 69-28 vote. The measure would provide immunity for telecom firms. But that immunity would be granted only after they showed district court documents proving they were instructed by the government to take part in a program that went around the congressionally mandated FISA court. This covert spying program was exposed in December 2005 by The New York Times. The Bush administration had been directing phone companies to eavesdrop without the FISA court's permission since the terrorist attacks Sept. 11, 2001.   Missouri Republican Kit Bond cast the immunity provision as an act of justice by Congress. "It would be unfair and potentially disastrous to use our patriotic electronic carriers as punching bags to try to get at the administration," Bond said. And Utah Republican Orrin Hatch suggested that some 40 lawsuits brought against firms such as AT&T and Verizon were really aimed at revealing the government's surveillance methods. "Simply put, you don't tell your enemies how you track them. That is why the [National Security Agency] and other government agencies won't say they do, how they do it or who they watch — nor should they," Hatch said. "To confirm or deny any of these activities, which are at the heart of the civil lawsuits, would hurt or harm the national security." Wisconsin Democrat Russ Feingold led an unsuccessful drive to strip the immunity provision from the bill.  'It could not be clearer that this program broke the law, and this president broke the law. Not only that, but this administration affirmatively misled the Congress and the American people about it for years before it finally became public," Feingold said. And Pennsylvania Republican Arlen Specter pointed out that 70 senators have not even been briefed on what the warrantless spying program entailed. "There's an old expression: buying a pig in a poke. It means buying something that you don't know what it is you're buying. Well, that's what the Senate is being asked to do here today — to grant retroactive immunity to a program where the members don't know what the program is," Specter said. Unlike New York Democrat Hillary Clinton, who voted against the bill, her former Democratic presidential rival, Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL), voted for it. Republican presidential contender John McCain spent the day campaigning.


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Question: Good Signs: Jobless Claims Dip And Job Growth Picks Up

Three reports Wednesday morning all offer at least modestly good news about the U.S. economy:  -- There were 343,000 first-time claims for jobless benefits last week, down 5,000 from the week before, says the Employment and Training Administration. -- Job growth picked up in the private sector last month, say the data crunchers who produce the monthly ADP National Employment Report. That payroll firm's national survey shows a gain of 188,000 jobs, up from growth of 134,000 jobs in May. Moody's Analytics Chief Economist Mark Zandi, who works with ADP on the surveys, says in a statement that "the job market continues to gracefully navigate through the strongly blowing fiscal headwinds." -- While the number of layoffs announced by U.S. companies in June was 8.2 percent higher than the level in May, "the pace of downsizing through the first half of the year is down about 9 percent from a year ago," according to the latest survey from the outplacement consultants at Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Its data show there were 39,372 layoffs announced last month. Through the first six months of the year, there were 258,932 layoffs announced — down from 283,091 over the same time period last year. "The economy is picking up speed with housing and manufacturing staging comebacks. Threats to job security still exist, however, in the form of federal spending cutbacks stemming from sequestration as well as potential fallout from implementation of health care reform," CEO John Challenger said in a statement released with his firm's report.  We'll learn much more about the employment situation on Friday, when the Bureau of Labor Statistics is due to release its figures on the June unemployment rate and payroll growth that month. Bloomberg News says economists are expecting to hear that "employers created 165,000 jobs in June, [versus] 175,000 a month earlier" and that the jobless rate ticked down to 7.5 percent from May's 7.6 percent.

Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: Grambling Football Strike: Do College Athletes Have Rights?

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Football players at Grambling State University in Louisiana refused to play this past weekend, complaining about unsanitary facilities and unsafe equipment. Host Michel Martin talks more about the issue with The Root's Corey Dade, who used to play football at Grambling, and The Nation's Dave Zirin.


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Question: SXSW 2014: Kelis, 'Breakfast'

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Kelis hadn't taken the stage in America since 2010. But from her opening notes — in which she took on the standard "Feeling Good," as popularized by Nina Simone — the singer never shied away from the most lavish possible spectacle on stage at NPR Music's SXSW showcase, held at Stubb's BBQ. Backed by a 12-piece band, complete with horn section and backup singers, Kelis reintroduced herself to the world as a transformed artist whose sound looks forward and backward without losing its focus on the present. The singer most frequently identified with the 2003 smash "Milkshake" — "My milkshake brings all the boys to the yard" remains one of the most quotable lines in '00s pop — has evolved and experimented in the decade since. On Food, a new album due late next month, Kelis is fully recast as an inventive and unpredictable soul singer, aided significantly by the production work of Dave Sitek from TV on the Radio. In taking some of its songs to the stage Wednesday night, she presided over a full-fledged soul revue with the confidence and gravitas of a decorated soul veteran. Still, this phase of Kelis' career is about liberation and rebirth rather than a desire to escape past successes; the fizzy playfulness of old has given way to an audacious intensity. Naturally, past hits like "Milkshake" and 2010's "Acapella" make memorably grandiose appearances here. But, like the singer herself, they're reinvented, buoyed by the graceful gravity of a star reborn. Audio Set List  "Feeling Good" "Breakfast" "Millionaire" "Cobbler" "Feeling Good" (excerpt) "Trick Me" "Friday Fish Fry" "Forever Be" "Milkshake" "Jerk Ribs" "Acapella" "Feeling Good" (excerpt) "Rumble"  Credits Producers: Saidah Blount, Mito Habe-Evans, Robin Hilton; Technical Director: Kevin Wait; Videographers: Becky Harlan, Eric Helton, Olivia Merrion; Video Director: A.J. Wilhelm; Audio: Timothy Powell/Metro Mobile, Josh Rogosin; Production Assistants: Lizzie Chen, Kiana Fitzgerlad, Christopher Parks, Mary Pryor; Special Thanks: SXSW, Stubb's BBQ; Executive Producer: Anya Grundman

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Stories: 1) Actor Paul Rudd, Rewriting the Commandments 2) Massacre's 'Lonely Heart,' Claudia Quintet's 'For'


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Question: New Rules on Toxics Reporting

For the past two decades, U.S. factories that put toxic chemicals into the air and water had to report them, in detail, to the federal goverment and the public. The Bush administration recently lowered those requirements by rewriting Environmental Protection Agency rules. That means that, in California alone, as much as 600,000 pounds of toxic cemicals could go underreported this year.

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Criminal Charges in HP Spying Scandal. CDC Study Shows Health Effects of Perchlorate. End Music.


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Question: The Big Screen from 91.7 WVXU

Larry Thomas reviews the new George Clooney film, Michael Clayton.

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Question: YouTuber Creates 1st Retractable 'Star Wars' Lightsaber

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James Hobson has a following of 10 million subscribers on YouTube. He has developed the world's first retractable, plasma-based lightsaber. Hobson is a huge Star Wars fan.

Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


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Question: How 2 Skiers Conquered Yosemite's Half Dome

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At the end of last month, two skiers achieved an unprecedented feat: descending the summit of Yosemite National Park's iconic Half Dome into the valley below. In 1865, a report declared that the rock formation — at more than 8,800 feet above sea level — was a path that "never will be trodden by human foot." Since then, Half Dome has become a popular, but challenging, hike. But on Feb. 21, Jason Torlano and Zach Milligan made the nearly 5,000-foot trek down on skis. Skiers and snowboarders have descended Half Dome in the past. But some were assisted by ropes, and none of them made it all the way down to Mirror Lake in the valley, an extra 4,000 vertical feet. For Torlano, who's lived in Yosemite since he was 5, the journey fulfilled a childhood dream. "I remember walking down the cables going 'Wow, I bet this thing's ski-able,' " he says, referring to the two metal cables that hikers use during the last 400 feet of the climb to Half Dome's summit. "I remember these old guys just laughing at me at the time." The day before Torlano and Milligan made their descent, they scouted for a location, camping out at the base of a tree well for hours in subfreezing temperatures. Once the two arrived at the summit, they were greeted with what Torlano describes as "perfect conditions" — an inch layer of ice with 3-4 inches of snow. Unsuitable snow conditions had thwarted Torlano's previous three attempts to ski down Half Dome. In addition to navigating the thin layer of snow, what also made their five-hour descent so perilous are the several sections of bare rock known as the "death slabs." "We rappelled a total three times, a total of about 300 feet," Torlano tells All Things Considered. "So you have a section of snow, and then you'll have a big cliff, and you rappel and you connect the snow to the next rappelling." The two also had to watch out for another threat. ""It's a slab with no anchors, so avalanches occur all the time," Torlano says. "And if you fall or get caught in an avalanche, on the cable section, you're gonna fall off the south face, a thousand-foot cliff." Though he's achieved a lifelong dream, Torlano says he's still eyeing other slopes in Yosemite to conquer. "Every time we go into Yosemite, I just look up into the mountains," he says. "There's so much I want to do there still." Farah Eltohamy is NPR's Digital News intern.

Stories: 1) Jeffrey Gettleman: Reporting From Mogadishu 2) 'Pearl Buck In China': A Child Across The Good Earth 3) Slow 'Eclipse' Knows Just How To Stalk Its Target


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Question: 'Newsday' Pulitzers Pilfered and Sold on eBay

Three gold Pulitzer Prize medals won by Newsday, the New York newspaper, have been sold by an auction house for more than $15,000. The newspaper's staffers thought the awards were safely locked away. But the paper received a tip that the public service awards were listed on eBay.

Stories: 1) Clint Eastwood's Twice-Told Iwo Jima Stories 2) Two Shows from Britain for the U.S. Telly 3) It's Still a 'Super' Time for Ben Affleck 4) Hanssen's 'Breach' Now Caught on Film


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Question: Citing Dignity, Greek Workers Take Over Factory

The financial crisis in Greece has devastated the country's manufacturing sector, which has lost more than 30 percent of its jobs in the past three years. But at one factory in an industrial center in the north, workers have taken matters into their own hands. Inside the cavernous factory on the outskirts of Thessaloniki, eight middle-aged men are filling bottles with a vinegar-based fabric softener that's scented with fresh lavender. This assembly line used to produce glue for ceramic tiles. But the collapse of the construction industry killed demand for building materials. Dimitris Mokas, one of the men working here, says Greeks still need to wash their clothes — and his firm's new line of laundry products are a good deal. "You don't want to go to the supermarket and [buy] soap for clothes and pay 20 euros when we will give you for 3 euros," he says. This firm is called VIO.ME. It's short for Viomichaniki Metalleftiki, or Industrial Mineral. VIO.ME is a subsidiary of Philkeram Johnson, a Greek company that once made ceramic tiles and exported them to 29 countries. Bankruptcy In 2011 Philkeram Johnson declared bankruptcy in 2011. VIO.ME's 70 employees stopped getting paychecks the same year. But they still came to work and continued making glue and tile-cleaning products. For a time, they also received unemployment checks, Mokas says. "Unemployment benefits finished last September," he says. "We said, 'what can we do now? Stay only here and be guards here? We have to eat, we have to do something.' Because we want to have work." Finding a job in Greece is daunting. More than 27 percent of Greeks are out of work; northern Greece is especially hard-hit. That's why half of the VIO.ME staff decided to occupy the bankrupt factory and revamp it to turn out environmentally friendly detergent and fabric softener. The workers start their shifts at 7 a.m., and they do everything, Mokas says. "I was driving a forklift and now I'm an accountant ... a supplier, driver, anything you want," he says. That includes being a manager. There's no boss here, so for the past five months, Mokas and his fellow workers have also shared the administration of the plant. The court has appointed a liquidation lawyer, Giorgos Vanaroudis, to administrate the bankruptcy of VIO.ME's parent company, Philkeram Johnson. Vanaroudis told NPR that the workers of VIO.ME — like other potential buyers — don't want to pay for shares in a company that's more than 4 million euros ($5.3 million) in debt. He says a court in Thessaloniki is now considering whether to appoint administrators for VIO.ME who will allow the workers to remain on the property — or kick them out. Workers Hope To Own Factory The VIO.ME workers have been inspired by a precedent in southern Argentina, where the laid-off staff of Zanon, a ceramics factory that closed in 2001, took over the plant and now operate and own it. The Argentine workers also renamed the plant Fabrica Sin Patrones — Factory Without Bosses — and it's a darling of leftist organizations and labor activists. The same kinds of activists also support VIO.ME, which also collects donations through PayPal on the plant's website. What they're not getting is credit from any undercapitalized Greek banks, which rarely give out loans anymore, says Athanassios Savakis, president of the Federation of Industries of Northern Greece. "The problem is liquidity, in fact," he says. "The extrovert companies, the ones with high levels of exports, have faced this in a positive way." Those companies make money selling their products abroad, whereas the factory workers are struck selling their detergent in a depressed local market. VIO.ME's fabric softener may not have a future. But the workers still put in eight-hour shifts on the assembly line every day. When the shift is over at 3 p.m., they line up in a hot, airless office for a day's salary – just 10 euros, or about $13. Dimitris Nikolaidis, a tall electrician with a crown of salt-and-pepper curls, walks to his aging sea-blue Daewoo Lanos. "It's really difficult to live on this salary," Nikolaidis says, as he drives home. "The truth is, you can't live on it. It's just enough money to pay for me to get here and keep working." In the back seat is Giorgos Deligiannis, a bespectacled machine operator in a pressed pastel shirt. He says it's been hard to learn so many new skills, including accounting, and to manage so many different personalities in a collective that insists on equality over ambition. "But we're trying to be patient," he says. "We want to believe that things will improve." Outside their factory, the economy is broken. Inside these walls, the men are surviving. And they say they have found dignity, if not money, in their work. DAVID GREENE, HOST:  Now, let's turn our focus to the manufacturing sector in Greece. It has been devastated by the country's financial crisis. Manufacturing has lost 30 percent of its jobs over the last three years. But Joanna Kakissis visited one

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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The query could be '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', "Grammys Preview: How 'God's Calling' Led Jimmy Carter To Grammy Greatness"]' and should be close to '['represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details\n\nExamples:\n\n\n"From their concert March 26th at St. John\'s University in Collegeville, Minnesota, the early music group Musica ad Rhenum plays the Trio Sonata in E major, Op. 5, by Pietro Locatelli. (Sun Sound  Video)" == "From Their Concert March"', 'When Blind Boys of Alabama member Jimmy Carter was a kid, he would pray to God for one thing. Sight. Instead, Mr. Carter found himself at an Alabama school for blind children in the Jim Crow south. But light would find a way into his life through the power of his voice — he\'s a founding member of the multiple Grammy Award-winning gospel group The Blind Boys of Alabama. Mr. Carter, now in his 80s, is up for yet another Grammy on Sunday, for the song "Let My Mother Live," off the album "Almost Home."']' but very far from '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Stories: 1) How 'Reckless' Greed Contributed To Financial Crisis 2) Raphael Saadiq: Paying Homage To Soul's Past And Future"]'

Question: Louisiana Woos Movie Industry With Tax Credits

Louisiana has been dubbed "Hollywood South" for the high volume of film production there. Producers are lured by generous tax credits — so plentiful, that there's a big market for those tax credits.

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: Commentary: Starbucks at Church? Too Much

Like many people, commentator Mary Sojourner often feels overwhelmed by mass marketing. A postcard she recently received from a local church featured a Starbucks logo -- and that, she says, is too much.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Overstock.com CEO Patrick Byrne

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He's one of the motliest CEO's you'll ever meet. We'll talk life, death and fourth-quarter earnings with Fool radio veteran and Overstock.com CEO Patrick Byrne.

Are Democrats In Congress Trying To Thwart Calif. Redistricting?  - Brain Researcher Antonio Damasio


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Filmically Perfect: "DOUBLE INDEMNITY" (1944)

Phyllis (Stanwyck): There's a speed limit in this state, Mr. Neff. 45 miles an hour.  Walter (MacMurray): How fast was I going, officer?  Phyllis: I'd say around 90.  Walter: Suppose you get down off your motorcycle and give me a ticket.

Film critic DAVID THOMSON and filmmaker and director JAMES TOBACK. They interview each other for a revival of round table discussion at "Spoken Word at the Algonquin" in New York city's famous Algonquin Hotel, and discuss the state of moviemaking and movie criticism today. THOMSON's latest book is "Beneath Mulholland: Thoughts on Hollywood and its Ghosts" (Knopf). TOBACK directed the movies "Fingers," "Exposed," and "The Pick up Artist." (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW).12:28:30  FORWARD PROMO (:29)12:29:00  I.D. BREAK (:59)12:


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Question: A Thorny Rose - Paired With a Nice Chianti

» Mama Rose on 'Weekend Edition Sunday' » Hannibal Lecter on 'Weekend All Things Considered' Two inevitabilities: Jeff Lunden, our Broadway go-to guy, gets Patti LuPone and Bernadette Peters to help him get under the skin of one of theater's most outrageous personalities. (Seriously: The real-life model for Gypsy's Mama Rose once pushed a hotel manager out the window.) For the Web, we've got video from the new Broadway production, competing versions of "Rose's Turn" from the archives, and plenty of interview extras. Then: You had to know this one was coming, right? NPR's Laura Sydell looks into what makes Hannibal Lecter stick so vividly in our collective imagination. I've put up a couple of his best moments -- never fear, they're safe for the squeamish -- along with a few outtakes from Laura Sydell's interview with Jodie Foster. Enjoy.

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3