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Question: New Music: Yuck, Electronic Music Pioneer Roedelius, Chastity Belt And More

On this edition of All Songs Considered, host Bob Boilen returns from a long, arduous weekend of work, looking tan and rested. That's because he just got back from the Newport Folk Festival, where he spent three glorious days surrounded by love, rainbows and amazing music. But leave it to co-host Robin Hilton to harsh Bob's mellow, when he shows Bob the most horrifying publicity photo either has ever seen for a band. The perpetrator? Chastity Belt, a Seattle group that makes what its members call "the worst music you will ever hear." (It isn't anywhere near the worst music you'll ever hear — in fact, it's awesome.) Also on this week's show: a new song from the sometimes gritty, sometimes droning rock group Yuck; the woozy, strangely captivating psych-pop of Jackson Scott; and veteran electronic-music pioneer Hans-Joachim Roedelius and his latest collaboration with bassist Stefan Schneider.

As if New York City isn't overwhelming enough for the live music fan, imagine it during CMJ's Music Marathon, when more than 900 bands play throughout Manhattan and Brooklyn over the course of five days. Stressful. The long list of unfamiliar acts can be intimidating. Should you catch Dinosaur Feathers, Dinosaur Bones or Totally Enormous Extinct Dinosaurs? Never fear. We've got your back. NPR Music asked KEXP in Seattle and the best college music directors in America to be your guide through the concrete jungle that is CMJ. With their help, CMJ's Music Marathon was reduced from a daunting labyrinth to ... well, something like one of those corn mazes people do around Halloween. Together, we put together a mix of artists you should check out, as well as a handy schedule of when and where they're playing. Enjoy — and don't stress. Your Curators:  KALX, University of California-Berkeley: Spencer Owen and Travis Bill KDVS, University of California-Davis: Brent Batty, Tali Link, Jess Abell, Hatem Gallouzi KSPC, Pomona College: Justyna Bicz WHPK, University of Chicago: Eric Hanss WMBR, Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Christopher Vyce WNYU, New York University: Maria Sherman WVFS, Florida State University: Adam Devlin WXDU, Duke University: Andrew Bellemer and Dave Rodriguez   Artists In This Mix 1, 2, 3 • 400 Blows • Acid Baby Jesus • Action Bronson • Active Child • AIDS Wolf • Alina Simone • Amen Dunes • Army Navy • Bag Raiders • Balkans • The Barr Brothers • The Barreracudas • Beat Connection • Bleached • Bleeding Knees Club • Blues Control • Braids • Capybara • Cerebral Ballzy • Crocodiles • Cuckoo Chaos • Dávila 666 • Death • Dominique Leone • Doomsday Student • Dum Dum Girls • Ed Askew • Ed Schrader's Music Beat • Eleanor Friedberger • Elk City • EMA • Fidlar • Frankie Rose & The Outs • Gang Gang Dance • Gary Clark Jr. • Geographer • Grand Pianoramax • The Great Book of John • Grimes • Hallelujah The Hills • Handsome Furs • Hans Chew • Hey Marseilles • Holiday Shores • Hollerado • Home Blitz • The Hush Now • Idiot Glee • Islands • J Mascis • Jacuzzi Boys • Japanther • Jonathan Richman • Kermit Ruffins • The Loom • Matthewdavid • The Men • Mexicans With Guns • Mice Parade • Mike Birbiglia • Mitten • Mr. Dream • My Goodness • My Jerusalem • Neon Indian • Nina Nastasia • Nonhorse • Noveller • Occultation • ohnomoon • Parts & Labor • Peelander-Z • Penguin Prison • Pepper Rabbit • Pharoahe Monch • Portugal. The Man • Phychic Ills • Psychobuildings • Pterodactyl • Pujol • Purity Ring • QUILT • Radiation City • Red Pony Clock • Reptar • Robert Ellis • Royal Baths • Sea of Bees • Seabrook Power Plant • Seekae • Shenandoah Davis • Shonen Knife • The Stepkids • Suckers • Talib Kweli • Talk Normal • Talkdemonic • Tall Tall Trees • Taylor McFerrin • TunaBunny • Twin Shadow • Unicycle Loves You • Unknown Mortal Orchestra • Vaz • We Are Augustines • We Were Promised Jetpacks • Weekend • White Fence • Wh**e Paint • Wild Flag • Woodsy Pride • Yellow Ostrich • The Young Evils • Young Prisms • Zola Jesus • Zomby


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Question: Tenor Saxophonist and Composer, Ellery Eskelin

He's been called the most inventive American tenor player in creative music. His father, Rodd Keith (also known as Rod Rodgers) was killed when he was struck by cars on the Hollywood Freeway after leaping or falling from the Santa Monica Boulevard overpass. Eskelin only knew his father for the first eighteen months of his life. As he grew up he was inspired and intrigued by the continuous stories he heard about him and his musical talent. He has produced a collection of his father's recordings titled I died Today - Music of Rodd Keith. This interview first aired December 3, 1996.

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Jazz Critic KEVIN WHITEHEAD reviews a CD by the Patrick Zimmerli Ensemble titled "Explosion." It is released by the Canadian music company Songlines. Patrick Zimmerli is a saxophonist living in New York.


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Question: Foreign Investors: Who Poses a Threat?

The controversial Dubai port deal has raised concerns about foreigners buying American assets, and not for the first time. Close your eyes and cast your mind back to a bygone era, an ancient time that's difficult for modern man to fathom: 1988. At the time, Japan was an economic juggernaut, swallowing pieces of America like so much maki. Rockefeller Center, Universal Studios, Pebble Beach. "Where will Japan Strike Next?" screamed a typical headline, from Fortune magazine.  We now know that those fears were unfounded. Japan turned out to be a toothless tiger. But in years since, something funny happened, something that doesn't usually make headlines. Other countries have been slowly buying up pieces of America, from American supermarkets owned by the Dutch to American hotels owned by the British. "It's very extensive," says Clyde Prestowitz, president of the Economic Strategy Institute. Most of these nations are clearly U.S. allies; no one stays up at night worrying about the threat posed by America's biggest foreign investor: Canada. But invariably security concerns do crop up. "For example, we are dependent on India for much of our software," says Harlan Ullman, a senior advisor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington D.C. think tank. "So is that a vulnerability? Is that something we should worry about?" The answer is not always so simple. Does "national security" mean only protecting against terrorist attacks? Or does it extend to economic and energy security as well?   Some U.S. lawmakers clearly think the answer is yes. They recently squashed China's bid to buy the American oil firm, UNOCAL. U.S. law prohibits foreigners from owning airlines or TV stations in this country. But any international deal that might pose a security risk is reviewed by an inter-agency panel with the unwieldy acronym of  CFIUS-the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States. One deal that  the CFIUS  recently approved was allowing a Chinese firm to buy IBM's personal computer business for more than a billion dollars. It might seem like America is being sold off piece by piece, but some say that is not the case. "The vast majority of foreign purchases in the United States are just pieces of paper," says Douglas Holtz-Eakin, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. "They're buying up U.S. Treasury securities. They're not buying actual pieces of America." True, but those pieces of paper matter. Foreign nations own nearly $2 trillion in U.S. bonds, and that translates into leverage. Some analysts imagine a scenario where China, for instance, uses its leverage to cause real problems in the United States. "The possibility exists that they would get upset with us at some pint and sell dollars," says Clyde Prestowitz. "And if they sold all those dollars right away, the value of the dollar would plummet, interest rates would spike and the U.S. would go into a recession."  That scenario, while unlikely, poses just as much of a national security threat as an Arab company handling security at major American ports, says Prestowitz.  	Others, however, say the real problem with keeping vital American assets out of enemy hands is defining the enemy. During WWII and the Cold War, that was fairly simple. Not so in the war on terrorism. "We don't know who the bad guys are, and every time some seemingly good guy tries to buy something of ours we're going to worry there are bad guys behind them," says Holtz-Eakin. "That is part of business as usual in this environment." ALEX CHADWICK reporting:  Okay. The controversy over the port deal raises concern about foreigners owning all kinds of pieces of America, at least in places. As NPR's Eric Weiner reports, it's not for the first time.  ERIC WEINER reporting:  Close you eyes and cast your mind back to a bygone era, an ancient time that's difficult for modern man to fathom: 1988. Japan is an economic juggernaut, swallowing pieces of America like so much teka-maki: Rockefeller Center, Universal Studios, Pebble Beach. Where will Japan strike next? screams a typical headline. Well, we now know that those fears were unfounded. Japan turned out to be a toothless tiger.  But in the years since, something funny happened, something that doesn't usually make headlines. Other countries have been slowly buying up pieces of America. Clyde Prestowitz is the president of the Economic Strategy Institute.  Mr. CLYDE PRESTOWITZ, Jr. (President, Economic Strategy Institute): The supermarkets in the U.S. are owned in Holland. And a lot of the hotels in the U.S. are owned in the U.K. A lot of the semiconductor industry in the U.S. is foreign ownership. I mean it's very extensive.  WEINER: Most of these nations are clearly U.S. allies. No one stays up at night worrying about the threat posed by America's biggest foreign investor, Canada. But invariably, says Harlan Ullman, a senior advisor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, security concerns do crop up.

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Good morning. The top story so far, as we've been reporting, is that authorities in Yemen say U.S.-born anti-American al-Qaida cleric Anwar al-Awlaki is dead. We'll keep following that story as it develops. Other top stories: -- "Obama Administration Widens Challenges To State  Immigration Laws." (The Washington Post) -- The Federal Reserve's "Operation Twist" May Be "More Powerful Than Many Investors Expect." (The Wall Street Journal) -- "In European Crisis, Experts See Little Hope For A Quick Fix." (The New York Times) -- "Cyber Attacks Mounting Fast In U.S." (CBS News) -- "Obama's Buffett Rule Backed By 63% Of Investors." (Bloomberg News) -- "Obama's Former Campaign Funders On Wall Street Turn Against Him." (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

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(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

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Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Director Elia Kazan Dies at 94

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Bob Mondello has a remembrance of Elia Kazan. The director of  On the Waterfront and A Streetcar Named Desire died Sunday. He was 94.

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TV critic David Bianculli Remembers Steve Allen who died Monday at the age of  78.


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Question: San Francisco Ballet Anniversary

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The San Francisco Ballet is celebrating its 75th anniversary. We discuss the history of the company and the current state of ballet.

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Dance Brazil, Edna Boies Hopkins Exhibit, Steven Dietz Interview, The View from Mount Joy, Petrified Bile


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Question: President Ford's Legacy

Forum discusses the legacy of President Gerald Ford, who died Tuesday.

Stories: 1) Candidates' Prescriptions for Health Care Reform 2) Mark McKinney's Outrageous Comic Fortune


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Question: Family Celebrates The Return Of Missing WWII Soldier's Remains

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The remains of William T. Carneal were found on the coastline of Saipan last year. After 70 years, Pfc. Carneal was remembered in a ceremony in his hometown of Paducah, Ky.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Iraq Battles Militants For Key Oil Refinery In Baiji. -- Dodgers' Ace Kershaw Notches His First No-Hitter. -- Only 7 Percent Of Americans Are Big Fans Of Congress. And here are more early headlines: House GOP To Pick Majority Leader, Whip Today. (Businessweek) Wounded Marine Veteran To Receive Medal Of Honor From Obama. (Washington Post) Afghan Militants Blow Up Dozens Of NATO Fuel Trucks. (VOA) South Dakota Town Struck By Tornado, 1 Injured. (Sioux Falls Argus-Leader) $100,000 Reward Offered In L.A. Apartment Firebombings. (Los Angeles Times) Spain Receives Its New King, Felipe VI. (CNN) Injured Spelunker Rescued After 12 Days In German Cave. (Guardian)


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Question: Yahoo Sues Facebook: Why Programmers Don't Like Patents

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Yahoo is suing Facebook for patent infringement. That doesn't mean Facebook stole particular lines of code from Yahoo. The case is much broader than that. Yahoo says it patented the whole idea of Facebook. Read More: This is why most programmers say the system is broken  "Facebook's entire social network model, which allows users to create profiles for and connect with, among other things, persons and businesses, is based on Yahoo!'s patented social networking technology," Yahoo says in its complaint. In Silicon Valley these days, everyone is filing lawsuits like this, accusing everyone else of infringing on huge ideas. Big companies are spending billions of dollars to buy up patent portfolios — not to get access to innovative ideas, but to defend themselves against lawsuits. In polls, most software engineers say the patent system actually hinders innovation. Many patents are so broad, engineers say, that everyone's guilty of infringement. This causes huge problems for almost anyone trying to start or grow a business on the Internet. We reported on this last year, in our story "When Patents Attack!" "I worked on a whole bunch of patents in my career over the years and I have to say that every single patent is nothing but crap," Stephan Brunner, a programmer, told us. Many people in the industry say intellectual property in software should work like intellectual property in books and music and movies. You should be able to copyright specific lines of code the way writers copyright their words. But patenting big software ideas is like patenting the very idea of a movie where a guy meets a girl, and they like each other, but circumstances keep them apart for a while, and they finally get together at the end. "[E]xisting patents probably cover every behavior that's happening on the Internet or our mobile phones today," a venture capitalist named Chris Sacca told us. "[T]he average Silicon Valley start-up or even medium sized company, no matter how truly innovative they are, I have no doubt that aspects of what they're doing violate patents right now." Even Yahoo's lawsuit against Facebook "has been widely debated within the company, with many top techies there opposed to it, due to the company's longstanding ethos of using patents for defense rather than offense," AllThingsD reports. Yahoo, for its part, says it has put a lot of money into R&D going all the way back to the mid-1990s, and Facebook shouldn't be able to come along and take Yahoo's ideas without paying for them.

We look at the origins of three new media giants: Before They Ruled The World, They Were Grad Students; The Very Long Road to Very Short Messages; and Turning Nerds with Webcams Into Stars (Who Are Still Nerds With Webcams).


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Question: Senate Considers Raising Military Death Benefits

The Senate Armed Services Committee hears a proposal to dramatically increase death benefits for U.S. soldiers who die in combat. The administration would raise the compensation to $100,000.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- New Lead Shifts Search For Missing Jet 700 Miles North. -- Death Toll From Mudslide 'Will Only Increase.' -- House Intelligence Chair Mike Rogers Won't Seek Re-election. And here are more early headlines: Obama To Meet With Saudi King To Calm Frustrations. (Guardian) Ousted Ukrainian President Calls For Vote In All Ukrainian Regions. (Reuters) Lake Michigan Oil Spill Slightly Larger Than Thought. (Chicago Tribune) Walmart Sues Visa Claiming Excessive Card Fees. (Bloomberg) Florida Suspends Controversial Voting Roll Purge. (Miami Herald) Wisc. Gov. Cuts Weekend Early Voting, Extends Other Voting Hours. (Journal-Sentinel) Philadelphia Ties NBA's Worst Ever Losing Streak. (CBS Sports)


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Question: Embassy Bombing Trial

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NPR's Melissa Block reports on the first day of defense testimony in the trial of four men accused in the U.S. embassy bombings in Africa.

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Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.


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Question: Michael Oren - Power, Faith and Fantasy: History of the US in the Middle East

Michael Oren's Power, Faith, and Fantasy explores the history of America's political, military, and intellectual involvement in the Middle East from George Washington to George W. Bush.

For well over two centuries, American statesmen, merchants, and missionaries, both men and women, have had a profound impact on the shaping of this crucial region. Drawing on government documents and personal letters, featuring original maps and over 60 photographs, this book reconstructs the diverse and remarkable ways in which Americans have interacted with this alluring yet often hostile land stretching from Morocco to Iran, from the Persian Gulf to the Bosporus. Covering over 230 years of history, Oren's latest is an indispensable work for anyone interested in understanding the roots of America's Middle East involvement today.

Oren is a Senior Fellow at the Shalem Center; a visiting professor at Harvard and Yale Universities; and the author of the best-selling Six Days of War. Oren lives in Jerusalem.

Visit us at www.wgbh.org/forum to explore our entire collection of lectures.

On today's show we look into the Christian Zionist movement, made up of evangelical Christians who see the rebirth of Israel as a prelude to the second coming of Christ. Journalist Gershom Gorenberg is former associate editor and columnist for The Jerusalem Report.  He is the author of the book, The End of Days: Fundamentalism and the Struggle for the Temple Mount.  His new book is The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967-1977


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Question: Joel P. West: 'Admirers and Allies'

Joel P West has two identities. The first is "Joel P West, high school photography teacher" and during summer break he transforms into "Joel P West, budding musician." The songs that make up his first release, Something Makes Us Move were first auditioned to his friends in living rooms, cafes, and porches. A few years later, the encouragement from those friends – and a growing fan base – has led West to further pursue music. "Something Makes Us Move focuses on the misconception that changes in circumstance might make up for our discontent and insecurities," he says. He travels the world during the summer months and is currently writing new material in Iceland.  "Admirers and Allies" sounds like a stripped down a Decemberists number with simple acoustic guitar and modest toy percussion.

Stories: 1) Actor Paul Rudd, Rewriting the Commandments 2) Massacre's 'Lonely Heart,' Claudia Quintet's 'For'


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Cup Half Empty, Muddle East, Magna Cum Latte.

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: N.Y. Gov. Threatens To Mothball More Prisons

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo will unveil a plan Tuesday to cut his state's budget deficit, which now stands at more than $11 billion. Cuomo is considering massive layoffs that could hit as many as 10,000 state workers. And the state's prison system could face the deepest cuts. But prisons are a major source of jobs in upstate New York, where unemployment tops 10 percent. When the state announced it wanted to close the Lyon  Mountain prison, which sits just south of the U.S.-Canada border, locals like Karen Linney were devastated. "There's no jobs anywhere!" she said. "So we need to fight to keep this prison open or there's nothing." Lyon Mountain used to be a mining town. But as factories and mines in this region closed in the 1960s and '70s, the state replaced them one by one with prisons. "The state understood that the economy in the North Country was hurting. We needed help," says state Sen. Betty Little, who spoke at a town meeting last year at the Lyon Mountain American Legion hall. Little's sprawling rural district has 13 state prisons, and she says they should all stay right where they are. "We built an economy around these facilities and there's absolutely nothing, nothing to replace those jobs," she says. Prisons As An Economic Engine Strange as it seems to outsiders, people here have long thought of prisons as an industry. Jobs there are a kind of trade passed on from generation to generation. But this livelihood is being squeezed hard by two big changes. Crime rates in New York State plummeted over the past decade, and the number of inmates dropped 20 percent. Because the state eased mandatory drug sentences last year, the prison population is expected to shrink even more. The other big change is the state's deepening budget crisis. In his State of the State address earlier this month, Cuomo said using prisons to prop up rural economies is no longer affordable. "An incarceration program is not an employment program," he said. "If people need jobs, let's get people jobs. Don't put other people in prison to give some people jobs. That's not what this state is all about. And that has to end this session." Cuomo's announcement drew praise from prison reform advocates like Bob Gangi. "It's somewhat ironic that he says that's not what this state is all about," Gangi says. "Because that's what the state has been about for about the last 30 years." Gangi says the old policy was too expensive. The Department of Correctional Services still employs nearly 19,000 prison guards statewide. But Gangi argues that the system also created an economic incentive to lock up people who should have been in drug rehab or mental health counseling. "One of the problems with using incarceration as a jobs program is the fundamental immorality of it," he says. "Because as he said, you're locking up people in order to provide other people jobs." But rural leaders in New York say their towns provide a needed service, housing and caring for the state's criminals. They accuse state officials of closing prisons hastily, with no plans for redevelopment. Brian McDonnell has been working to help sell a prison mothballed in 2009 that sits smack in the middle of his community of Brighton, N.Y.  He says the former Camp Gabriels was abandoned and left in terrible shape. "There was black mold in a lot of — several of the metal buildings," he says. "The state didn't do us any favors by just closing everything up." 'We Need To Rally As A Whole' Any new prison cuts announced Tuesday are sure to spark a major political fight in the state Legislature. Avoiding closures may be impossible, given the budget crisis, but Little, the state senator, says she hopes corrections facilities in these rural towns will be spared. "I certainly don't believe that we need to create inmates to fill prisons," she says. "But I do believe that when we decide to downsize, we need to look at the economic impact. It would be my hope that they would look in other areas of the state." But prison guards like Chad Stickney are worried.  He lives in Ogdensburg,  N.Y., where there are actually two state prisons — one of them targeted for closure last year. "We need to unite as every jail above Albany," Stickney says. "Because that's where all these jails closures are coming from are above Albany. We need to rally as a whole." The prison in Lyon Mountain closed its doors earlier this month, costing that tiny town more than 90 jobs.

Good morning - here are some stories we're following today: Luxury Cars Do Poorly In New Type Of Crash Test. Unsealed Documents 'Hint At The Evidence' In Colorado Shootings. N.J. Gov. Chris Christie, Fla. Senator Marco Rubio To Give Key Speeches At Republican National Convention. (National Journal) Western Wildfires Destroy Homes, Leave One Firefighter Dead. (AP) Defected Syrian Prime Minister Claims Assad Regime Is Collapsing. (BBC) In A Change, Iran Now Welcomes Aid For Earthquake Victims. (VOA) French Youths Clash With Police For Second Night. (Reuters) Violence Turns Deadly Between Two Unions At South African Platinum Mine. (AllAfrica.com) Educational Accrediting Agency Issues Warning To Penn State. (USA Today) Conn. Woman Wrongly Billed For 25 Years For Streetlights, Gets Refund. (Hartford Courant)


Question:
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E.g.
'['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'How Coronavirus Is Impacting Tribal Lands']' == '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Tribal governments had to wait more than a month before they began to receive the money allocated to them by the CARES Act in late March. During that time, tribal lands, such as Navajo Nation, have seen alarming rates of infection. We find out the latest from Anna V. Smith (@annavtoriasmith), assistant editor of the Indigenous Affairs Desk at High Country News. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.']' != '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music."]'

Question: Letters from Listeners

NPR's Ombudsman Jeffrey Dvorkin addresses the many listener complaints NPR received for its special coverage of Saddam Hussein's capture.

Wedding Announcements from Kasper Hauser's upcoming book Weddings of the Times.


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Question: Today's Program ... And TMM's Gushing Director

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We had some very powerful and important reporting on today's program, from Zimbabwe, from Congo, about Somalia, from India ... We hope you'll not only listen to the piece about AIDS in India but also listen to the excerpts from the book, AIDS SUTRA. It's a collection of essays about the AIDS epidemic and how it is playing out in India. There are names you very likely know, like Salman Rushdie and Amartya Sen and Vikram Seth, as well as names you will be pleased to discover. Listen to author Sonia Faleiro reading Vikrem Seth's powerful poem. ... And now (why fight it?), TMM producer/director Rob Sachs is from Philadelphia, and he has something he wants to talk about today. I think I know where this is going, right? Here's a clue: the red hat he's got on in the control room. OK, Rob (sigh) go ahead. What did you want to tell us? Rob, here, the director jumping in today on the TMM blog. I've been jumping up and down ever since last night, when my Philadelphia Phillies won their first World Series since 1980. They finished off the Tampa Bay Rays for a 4-1 series win. That's right, MY Phillies. Philadelphia sports fans don't just root for their teams, they take ownership of them. When a team wins a game we strut around with our chests puffed out, when they lose, don't talk to us. I'm actually not even sure how I should feel right now, since the last time any Philadelphia sports team won anything I was just 5 years old. All I've ever known is a quarter century of teams getting close only to have a championship ripped away at the last minute. There's still a part of me that's worried MLB Commissioner Bud Selig will find some way to erase last night's victory. As Michel noted, I am wearing my vintage Phillies cap with pride and I've received a number of felicitations today from people all over who are aware of my Philly roots. Though I have to admit it feels a little weird to be taking credit for the accomplishments of professional athletes who themselves are transplants to the city (save hometown pitcher Jamie Moyer). But hey, I might not have been on the field but I've spent years, crossing my fingers, staying up late, and wasting gorgeous weekend afternoons in sports bars glued to the TV. Through my elementary school years the first thing I would see when I woke up would be the life size poster of Charles Barkley smiling in his 76ers uniform. He was there in my bedroom hanging up across from a smaller poster of Eagles quarterback Randall Cunningham. So that deserves some recognition right? To be sure there are a lot of other great sports cities out there like Chicago and Boston, but I think on the whole most people don't grasp the depth of civic pride that Philadelphians wrap into their sports teams. Certainly Tampa Bay could be a little better at their devotion. Just look at the TV ratings - during the rain soaked part of Game 5, 60% of the households in Philadelphia were watching the game compared to just 40% in Tampa. I go back to the city frequently and it doesn't take more than a few minutes to feel the omnipresence of Philly teams. They're everywhere from signs, bumper stickers to flags waving from porches. And that's what makes Philly so great; its sports teams are the common dominator that cut across all lines of class and race in the city. You can talk sports with barbers, food vendors, cabbies, doctors, dentists, lawyers, and yes even cops. Everyone is watching and for too long every one of us suffered. But this year, 2008, is different. This World Series was for us the Philly fans. Yo, Adrian we did it! Geez, thanks, Rob.

The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: 'Pull Off The Band-Aid' And Other Homespun Presidential Advice: A Quiz

In his two news conferences this week, President Obama sometimes struck a parental tone. He's not the first president to sound like Mom. Try your hand at matching the commander-in-chief with the practical advice.

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Stories: 1) David Rakoff's 'Half Empty' Full Of Humor, Guilt 2) 'Stand Up, Speak Out,' Derrick Bell Told Law Students 3) John Wayne: Icon Of America's Booming Confidence 4) 'Ides Of March': These Days, All Politics Is Lowball


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Question: A 'Crude' Awakening: Chevron Vs. The Documentarian

The documentary filmmaker Joe Berlinger spent several years following key players in a multibillion-dollar class-action lawsuit filed in Ecuador against Chevron. The well-received documentary Crude, released in 2009, helped fuel a renewed outcry over oil pollution in the Amazon. Now Berlinger is fighting his own battle against Chevron's lawyers. The director had obtained an astonishing amount of access to the private strategy sessions of the lawyers suing Chevron. But at the oil company's request, U.S. Judge Lewis Kaplan has ordered Berlinger to turn over all 600 hours of footage he shot for the film.  Chevron's lawyers argued that they needed the tape to help stop the Ecuadorian lawsuit and related criminal prosecutions. But Berlinger says that comes at too steep a cost -- the piercing of long-recognized journalistic privileges.  "There's an expectation on the part of my subjects that the raw footage is not going to be released as though it's a 24/7 webcam on their lives," Berlinger tells NPR. He says there's an expectation that he'll "sit in an editing room and ... spend years to create an honest and accurate portrayal." Berlinger is appealing Judge Kaplan's order and seeking to have it put aside while that appeal is considered. On behalf of a coalition of the nation's leading newspapers, network news divisions and documentary makers -- including The New York Times, NBC and HBO -- the noted First Amendment lawyer Floyd Abrams has filed a friend-of-the-court brief in support of Berlinger's stance. Abrams wrote that Kaplan's decision would wrongly wrest not only confidential but also unpublished material from a journalist's possession. The coalition says that's an unparalleled demand. Top Chevron lawyer Randy Mastro doesn't have much patience for that argument. "This isn't a case about the First Amendment," Mastro says. "This is a case about a plaintiff's attorney who wanted to star in a movie. He gave that filmmaker unprecedented access ... and in the process, that filmmaker caught on screen some extraordinary conduct by plaintiff's lawyers." The lead lawyer suing Chevron is the media-savvy Harvard-trained attorney Steven Donziger. And he did indeed try to convince Berlinger to make a documentary, just as he also successfully courted sympathetic stories from Vanity Fair magazine and 60 Minutes.  Initially, Berlinger says, he didn't want to do the film, but instead decided to fly down to Ecuador -- at his own expense -- to take a look at the Amazon. What he saw astounded him. "I was just stunned at the level of devastation in this once pristine, very important part of the world in terms of our ecosystem," Berlinger says. "It was under assault." The movie he eventually made features people telling of painful ailments and the deaths of loved ones. And it documents the lawsuit filed on behalf of 30,000 indigenous people. The suit alleges, among other things, that pipes from hundreds of oil pits were intentionally set up to drain a toxic soup into rivers, streams and other sources of drinking water. Chevron inherited the legal headache when it bought Texaco in 2001.  Chevron's legal team has created a multipronged defense. The company points to an earlier agreement with the Ecuadorean government that released the corporation from liability in exchange for remediation of polluted sites. It says there's no proof of any link between the sickness of indigenous people and Texaco's operations there. And it blames Texaco's former partner, the state agency PetroEcuador.  The lawyers suing Chevron argue that's all bunk -- that neither Texaco nor Chevron has lived up to its obligations. Berlinger is clearly sympathetic to the condition and the cause of the local people supporting the lawsuit against Chevron. He says the company has a moral duty to pay for further cleanup and medical care there. But he says he doesn't know whose case has more legal merit. "I'm not smart enough," he says. Chevron has sought to cast doubt on the integrity of the court proceedings in Ecuador, and says the tapes will help show that Donziger and other lawyers suing the company have acted unethically. By this account, the company has been subject to political pressures in Ecuador from the president on down -- and indeed, Donziger is shown briefly glad-handing President Rafael Correa in Crude.  "This litigation in Ecuador has become a sham. It's a travesty of justice, and it's a shakedown," Mastro says. "It should cause any American to shudder at the notion of what passes for a judicial system in Ecuador."   In one scene in Crude, Donziger is shown pressuring a judge in the absence of Chevron's lawyers. Mastro says outtakes will likely show worse misconduct, as Berlinger has acknowledged he "tweaked" some scenes at the behest of Donziger and other people featured. Berlinger says he retained editorial control and that if there were anything that juicy, he would have used it in the film. Donziger declined to be interviewed for this story, though h

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Stories: 1) In a Morrocco Town, a Cradle for Killers 2) Plowing Under 'The Perfect Crop' in Afghanistan 3) Dewey Redman Revisited


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Question: What We're Reading, Jan. 27 - Feb. 2, 2010

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Joshua Ferris ('Then We Came to the End') studies the monster within in 'The Unnamed.' Lush language limns a Soviet childhood of privation and paranoia in 'A Mountain of Crumbs.' Nobel economist Joseph Stiglitz's 'Freefall' lays blame for the financial failure. And 'Crash Course' tracks the American auto industry "from glory to disaster."  The Unnamed By Joshua Ferris This is the second novel by Joshua Ferris, who became a literary sensation with his funny, inventive debut novel, Then We Came To The End, a workplace comedy narrated by an unnamed office drone (or drones) who speaks (speak?) in the first person plural. His second novel is more serious and less gimmicky: Tim Farnsworth is a wealthy, accomplished lawyer who lives in a beautiful suburban home with his beautiful wife and troubled teenage daughter. The only thing in his life he can't handle is a recurring compulsion to walk away from it all — literally. When the fit releases him, he finds himself miles away, exhausted and ragged. The novel follows Tim and his family as they struggle to conquer his mysterious disorder and its consequences and then, in a final section that reads like a modern retelling of Job, accept it. Ferris is moving on from the gaudy cleverness of his first book to a more sophisticated kind of showing off. Here, he's writing about the Affluent New York City milieu — stuff of a thousand New Yorker stories, including some written by him — but he's also engaging in a bit of dark magic. What makes Ferris' work rewarding, though, as before, is not only his affection for his characters but their own affection for their own lives. Tim and Jane love being affluent suburbanites, just as the incorporeal "we" of his first novel loved working at the ad agency. The problem isn't anomie or boredom or angst, but something terrible and external tearing them away. Ferris is most interested in disintegration, and here he makes it harrowingly physical: Tim's compulsion to walk is as threatening as the monster in a Stephen King novel. Readers will look for metaphors, but Ferris is a good-enough writer and portraitist that it's not necessary. Tim's crucible is real and compelling enough without having to figure out what it "means." — Peter Sagal, host, Wait Wait ... Don't Tell Me!  Hardcover, 320 pages, Reagan Arthur Books, list price: $24.99, publication date: Jan. 18  Freefall America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the World Economy By Joseph E. Stiglitz The global economy has been through a "near-death experience" that has shattered our illusions of prosperity, writes Nobel-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz. The causes of the fiasco, as he sees them, are reckless lending, opaque corporate accounting and a mortgage sector that was allowed to grow out of control. To Stiglitz, the whole debacle should have challenged much of the free-market dogma that's dominated economic debate for three decades — and forced us to question some of our underlying assumptions about the financial markets. But so far, it's led mainly to half-measures and denial, not to mention a huge financial-sector bailout that helped no one but the banks. Stiglitz may not always be the most entertaining of writers, but what brings this book to life is his formidable grasp of economic policy and strong sense of conviction about the blunders that have been made, especially with respect to the bank bailouts. Stiglitz sees them as a squandered opportunity at best, and says there's plenty of blame to go around: The Federal Reserve and the Bush administration were late to recognize that a massive financial crisis was brewing and then used the wrong tools to address it, he writes. President Obama chose to "muddle through" by pouring even more money into the same financial institutions that had caused the crisis in the first place. Along the way, he failed to present "an alternative vision of capitalism." Stiglitz makes a pretty convincing case that U.S. officials should have simply forced companies like Citigroup to be restructured, rather than propping them up. What happened was "ersatz capitalism, the privatizing of gains and the socializing of losses." As a result, Stiglitz says, the path to recovery will be slower than it needed to be." — Jim Zarroli, NPR business reporter  Hardcover, 361 pages, W.W. Norton, list price: $27.95, publication date: Jan. 18  A Mountain of Crumbs A Memoir By Elena Gorokhova As a young, rebellious woman growing up in the Soviet Union of the 1960s, Elena Gorokhova developed a crush on the English language that turned into a lifelong passion. Her memoir opens with the narrator wishing that her mother, a Russian doctor, came from Leningrad, a city of "Pushkin, and the tsars, of granite embankments and lace ironwork, of pearly domes buttressing the low sky." Instead, her practical mother came from the "provincial town of Ivanovo ... where chickens lived in the kitchen and a pig squatted under the stairs ... where streets were unpaved ... and where they lick

A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: What It Looks Like In Mozambique As Recovery Continues A Month After Cyclone Idai Hit

NPR's Ailsa Chang talks with journalist Tendai Marima about what she has seen while reporting in Mozambique in the aftermath of Cyclone Idai.

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Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: George Johnson on Sports

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NPR's Tavis Smiley talks with sports commentator George Johnson about the past week in sports.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Romney, Obama Have Parallel Points On The Economy

President Obama and Mitt Romney both have plans to rebuild America's economy. They talk about them on the stump every day, but they sound surprisingly similar for two men who disagree about so much.

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Good morning. The top story so far, as we've been reporting, is that authorities in Yemen say U.S.-born anti-American al-Qaida cleric Anwar al-Awlaki is dead. We'll keep following that story as it develops. Other top stories: -- "Obama Administration Widens Challenges To State  Immigration Laws." (The Washington Post) -- The Federal Reserve's "Operation Twist" May Be "More Powerful Than Many Investors Expect." (The Wall Street Journal) -- "In European Crisis, Experts See Little Hope For A Quick Fix." (The New York Times) -- "Cyber Attacks Mounting Fast In U.S." (CBS News) -- "Obama's Buffett Rule Backed By 63% Of Investors." (Bloomberg News) -- "Obama's Former Campaign Funders On Wall Street Turn Against Him." (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: The Big Screen from 91.7 WVXU

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Larry Thomas reviews the new Ben Affleck directed film, Gone Baby, Gone.

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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E.g. given '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details!', "Who's Carl This Time?"]' it should be close to '['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr.\nGiven By the time Albert Woodfox was 24 years old, he had already spent five years in and out of four prisons. That was just the beginning. He would spend the next 40 years fighting a legal battle to clear his name of a murder he didn\'t commit. Throughout that process, he remained locked in solitary confinement, one of the longest stretches ever served by a prisoner. Those four decades didn\'t break him; they made him stronger. Solitary is a candid, heartbreaking, and infuriating chronicle of these years — as well as a personal narrative that shows how institutionalized racism festered at the core of our judicial system and in the country\'s prisons. Woodfox was born in New Orleans in 1947. He grew up poor, and petty crime became a way of survival at an early age. He was arrested often as a teenager, sometimes for petty crime and sometimes for being black, he recounts. In Angola prison in his early 20s, after being arrested for armed robbery and sentenced to serve 50 years, Woodfox joined the Black Panther Party. The Panthers Woodfox met "weren\'t intimidated" and fought for "equal education, equal opportunities, equal justice, equal treatment, and respect." That inspired him — and he decided to change and fight for the rights of minorities, while trying to improve conditions for prisoners. But he was forced to fight and additional battle. On April 17, 1972, a white guard named Brent Miller was killed. Woodfox and another member of the Panthers were accused of the crime and put in solitary confinement. There was no physical evidence against them and the trial was full of contradictions, ignored exculpatory evidence, and lying witnesses. Despite that, they were found guilty by an all-white jury and sentenced to life in solitary. It would take many lawyers, an international movement, multiple appeals, two unfair trials, and more than 40 years to get Woodfox out of prison. He was finally released in February 2016. It\'s impossible to read Solitary and not feel anger. Woodfox\'s journey within America\'s prison and judicial systems was full of physical abuse, racist insults, unnecessary visual cavity inspections, inhuman living conditions, and awful food. He never received decent medical treatment and the few privileges he had were repeatedly taken away even after he became a model prisoner. He was locked in a 6-ft. by 9-ft. cell for 23 hours a day. In the Louisiana summer the heat, this was unbearable. He was only allowed one blanket in winter. He shared the space with vermin. His living conditions and treatment at Angola were reminiscent of slavery in many ways, he notes, including the work black prisoners were forced to do in the fields:  "Cutting cane was so brutal that prisoners would pay somebody to break their hands, legs, or ankles, or they would cut themselves during cane season, to get out of doing it. There were old-timers at Angola who made good money breaking prisoners\' bones so men could get out of work."  While Solitary is a call to banish solitary confinement in the U.S., the first third of the book is also an important record of how underprivileged communities are almost forced into crime. Woodfox states: "When money was tight and there was no food in the house I shoplifted bread and canned goods. It never felt like a crime to me, it was survival." This is a short, clear explanation of how social demographics and a person\'s psycho-geography can dictate their relation to crime. Not all criminals are bad. Sometimes they are just trying to survive. Woodfox got caught in a prejudiced, imperfect system, and he paid dearly for it. There were repeated violations of courtroom procedures in his trials. However, when he asked for a mistrial on grounds of prosecutorial misconduct, he was denied. Every setback gave him purpose. The coping mechanisms he developed to survive those 40 years of isolation are incredible and speak volumes about the strength of his character as well as his determination to survive. Still, anger, helplessness, and hopelessness were always present, always threatening his sanity and resolve. He regularly questioned himself:  "Will this be the day? Will this be the day I lose my sanity and discipline? Will I start screaming and never stop? Will I curl up into a ball and become a baby, which was an early sign of going insane? Every day I pushed insanity away. Every day I had to find that strength. I had to find within me the will and determination not to break. I got those qualities from my mom."  Albert Woodfox went to prison as a criminal and then became a political prisoner. He was kept in solitary confinement by what proves to be through his account a racist, corrupt system. Solitary is a timely memoir of that experience that should be required reading in the age of the Black Lives Matter movement. It\'s also a story of conviction and humanity that shows some spirits are unbreakable. Gabino Iglesias is an author, book reviewer and professor living in Austin, Texas. Find him on Twitter at @Gabi, a positive would be In \'Solitary,\' Determination And Humanity Win Over Injustice', 'Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: Somebody ducks out; Keep your friends close; Are you ready for something other than football?']' but not to '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', "Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over."]'.

Question: Across The Country, Students Walk Out To Protest Gun Violence

Updated at 5:10 p.m. ET At South High School in Columbus, Ohio, students stepped outside in frigid weather and said 17 names, releasing a balloon for each one. In Orange County, Fla., 17 empty desks sat in the Wekiva High School courtyard. Students sang — "Heal the world, make it a better place." In New York City, hundreds of students from LaGuardia High School walked into the street and sat in silence for 17 minutes. In Helena, Mont., more than 200 students gathered outdoors and shared stories and details about 17 lives. Across the country, students walked out of class for 17 minutes on Wednesday, one for each victim who died at the shooting in Parkland, Fla., exactly one month ago. But the day of activism is not just limited to students stepping out of their schools. In Massachusetts, where more than a foot of snow fell on the state on Tuesday, students rallied at the statehouse and call for change. Fifth-grade students in Akron, Ohio, who were studying the civil rights movement in class, organized a sidewalk protest, The Associated Press reports. At an elementary school in Virginia, students prepared a handwritten folder with information for the press. In Silver Spring, Md., a long line of sign-holding students walked down a major street, with a police escort blocking traffic. And outside the White House, young protesters chanted: "Hey hey, ho ho! The NRA has got to go!" According to EMPOWER, the youth branch of the Women's March, more than 3,130 school walkouts were scheduled across the country, as NPR's Adrienne St. Clair reports. The national organizers called for a 17-minute walkout at 10 a.m. local time in every time zone. But the actual details of the protest varied from school to school. Some walked out earlier in the day. Adrienne spoke to students at Centennial High School in Idaho who scheduled their walkout for 9:28 a.m., when the bell rings, rather than 10 a.m. "This will allow students to walk out in between classes, rather than getting up in the middle of a class," Adrienne writes. "[Student body president Tommy] Munroe said some students may be too scared to leave if they are in a class with a teacher who doesn't support the march, and so may not have an opportunity to participate." On the other hand, in Providence, R.I., student activists pushed the protest later, to 12:45 p.m., because "students aren't allowed back into school once we walked out," Dorbor Tarley explains on Facebook. And some schools are going far beyond just a 17-minute walkout. Students in some areas organized marches, letter-writing campaigns and rallies with speakers, taking up part or all of the school day. Various school districts also face different responses from administrators. Some have told students they won't punish walkout participants. Others emphasize that normal school rules are still in place, and leaving class or campus without permission will result in disciplinary action. Some administrators promoted alternative forms of protest, like a moment of silence, or found ways to incorporate the protest into a lesson plan. Meanwhile, the ACLU is working to educate students about their rights. Schools can discipline students for walking out of class, even for a political protest, the group notes. "But what they can't do is discipline you more harshly because of the political nature of or the message behind your action," the ACLU writes. "The exact punishment you could face will vary by your state, school district, and school. Find out more by reading the policies of your school and school district." Meanwhile, students in the Northeast faced another challenge: the weather. A nor'easter dropped inches of snow on Tuesday, prompting some schools to close and disrupting walkout plans — although not always completely halting protests. Here are other scenes from walkouts and protests across the country: In Charleston, S.C., students walked out of class but remained indoors, Victoria Hansen of South Carolina Public Radio reports. They "stayed out of public view for fear protesting gun violence would make them targets of more violence, " she writes. Media were banned from observing protests at most schools, the Post and Courier reports. In Washington, D.C., students from Fairfax County's Thomas Jefferson High School traveled to the U.S. Capitol and sat on the steps, NPR's Brakkton Booker reports, as a "sea of young protesters" gathered in front of the Capitol chanting, "enough is enough" and "books not bullets." At Boston University, medical students students and professors gathered for a walkout with a slightly different demand — they called not just for gun control, but for research into gun violence. (As NPR's Rebecca Hersher put it earlier this month, scientists have objected for decades to "a profound, and purposeful, lack of federal funding for gun research.") In the Bronx, students marched to their council member's office, chanting, "They say get back, we say fight back," Danny Lewis of WNYC reports. In Hillsbor

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Giuliani Says Trump 'Did Know' About Stormy Daniels Payment. -- Trump Hints At Likely Release Of 3 Americans Held In North Korea. -- Freak Storm Sweeps Through Northern India, Killing Dozens. -- Men Arrested In Philadelphia Starbucks Reach Settlements. -- Yale Pulls Honorary Degree From Bill Cosby, The First Time In The School's History. And here are more early headlines: Trump Welcomes Shooting Survivors On National Day Of Prayer. (Express-News) Students Walk Out Of Class To Support Gun Rights. (Los Angeles Times) Gunmen Slay Churchgoers In Central African Republic. (New York Times) Hawaii Watches For A Possible Volcanic Eruption. (KGMB) It's World Press Freedom Day. (Reporters Without Borders)


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "Colder Than Hell, Michigan;" Wee Wee and WiFi 2020" and "Who's Watching?"


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Question: Minya Oh: 'I Was Never Gonna Not Want To Listen To This'

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One of the quickest ways to find out where a rap album resides in the genre's pantheon is to ask how many Mics it got. During hip-hop's fertile middle period (roughly, the late '80s into the late '90s), The Source magazine reviewed and rated rap albums stringently and awarded up to five Mics, its equivalent to stars. In 1994, when it published its review of Illmatic, hip-hop's Bible had given out only six 5 Mic ratings in its six-year history — the last one had been more than two years previous and gone to The Low End Theory. A 5 Mic review meant that you had made a classic album. The Source's 5 Mic review of Illmatic was written by Minya Oh under her pen name, Shortie. Today she's Miss Info, a radio personality on Hot 97, New York's loudest hip-hop station. She spoke to Frannie Kelley about her review, Nas, the "real hip-hop" debate then and now, and making LL Cool J cry. FRANNIE KELLEY: When is the first time you hear a Nas track? MINYA OH: At the time I was a Stretch and Bobbito fanatic, so I would stay up — I believe it was on Thursday nights, three o'clock in the morning, and listen to college radio 89 Tech 9. I'm sure Columbia University was not happy that that was the name of the show, but it was a college radio show done by two guys who were not at college. Stretch and Bob, along with their cast of characters, they would talk a lot, they would make fun of each other a lot, but in-between that, there were these gems. Songs that you could never hear anywhere else, freestyles that you would never get anywhere else. I remember them playing the early Nas songs which were "Live at the Barbeque" and "Back to the Grill Again" and "Halftime," which was off a movie soundtrack for a movie that no one had ever seen — and no one has seen since — called Zebrahead. That show was known for lyrics. There were MCs going up there and spitting bars and bars and bars. But I don't think that there was anybody listening who didn't stop everything that they were doing or thinking and just pay attention to that little box on their desk with the antenna that they were probably holding just so, to get the right frequency. It was like it cut through the air. So this was Nas' voice — and you didn't really know who Nas was. He was rapper Nas, he was Nasty Nas, he was Nasir. And it just sounded so different but familiar at the same time. I think that maybe the fact that he was, like, a child born from a lot of the hip-hop greats that we were all listening to, whether it was G Rap or Big Daddy Kane — he was like their son, but also a prodigy. He was blending the best parts of the old school, that sort of attitude and swagger and mythology but then making it very modern. And a little scary, because that era was filled with — kind of like the children of the corn? The children born from a lot of struggle, and born to express themselves through rhyme, and a lot of what they were seeing and then wanted to say was not pretty. So I remember those were the first times that I came across this artist Nas that was also very mysterious; no one knew much about him. Right. And so there was anticipation for the album? Massive fascination, anticipation. It's funny because back then, something wouldn't really leak the way that it would leak now, where anybody could just download, you know: "That Drake album leaked on the web. Here's a link." It was little smatterings and you still had to work for it. I think that Nas and his whole crew, they were all very proud of him so there were probably people walking around Queensbridge with full copies of the album. I was an intern at The Source at the time and there were definitely songs here and there. Maybe Matty C at The Source had a little something and Jon Shecter had copies that he wasn't supposed to have. The demand was so great — and by great I mean, in a community that was so much smaller than the hip-hop community is now — that it felt like a movement. Everyone is clamoring for this. Without any of the marketing; there was no publicity. It wasn't like a, "We're gonna send out a series of YouTube clips." It was nothing like that. This all happened very organically. Why did people want it so bad? When I think about those days, a lot of it gets mixed together. But I do remember that there was a sense, especially in New York — The Source offices were downtown on Broadway — there was the changing of the atmosphere in hip-hop. It was — the West had won, you know? We had come from the total annihilation of everyone's stereotypes of hip-hop with N.W.A. and through that, The Chronic coming up and blowing everyone's minds and also being a huge commercial success and then that seed planting and turning into Snoop Dogg, who had just released his album and that was huge. I mean, even the mainstream was talking about Snoop because it was a new face to hip-hop that was also a very salacious and sort of exciting and dramatic and violent one. So in New York, it was almost like everything was a response to what wa

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Stories: 1) Timberlake On 'N Sync, Acting And Bringing Sexy Back 2) Sarah Blasko: An Intimate Voice, An Inventive Sound 3) If A TV Show Turns 50 And No One Notices...


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Question: India's New Government

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After two raucous weeks, India's political picture is becoming clear. The new prime minister has been selected, and the volatile stock market has settled down. Join NPR's Neal Conan and his guests to examine the effects of a surprise election result and what it means for India's future.

 Guests:

 John Lancaster
 *South Asia bureau chief,  The Washington Post

  Sumit Ganguly
 *Director of the India studies program and professor of political science at Indiana University in Bloomington

  Marshall Bouton
 *President, Chicago Council on Foreign Relations
 *Former executive vice president of the Asia Society
 *Specialist on South Asian politics and economies

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: My River Home: A Journey from the Gulf War to the Gulf of Mexico

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For instance, <<['', 'One problem that plagues all of our increasingly Web-based lives is the curse of online passwords.  We have to use them for everything from e-mail and Netflix to accessing credit card statements and other financial information.  How do you actually keep track of all those bizarre combinations of letters and numbers we\'re forced to come up with every day? Multiple Passwords Having one user name and password for all the sites you access is a very bad idea, as is making your password any word that can be found in the dictionary, Omar Gallaga, who covers technology culture for the Austin American-Statesman, tells NPR host Michele Norris.   The ideal password is at least eight characters long — preferably 14 or 15 — and includes letters in both lowercase and uppercase, and also contains numbers and symbols. Of course, good luck remembering all those passwords.  It\'s important to have a functional system for remembering your passwords. If you\'re not using software or hardware to keep track of them, you could deal with all your passwords by using mnemonics, for example. You could make a password out of "Omar talks to NPR on Mondays" that ended up being "0t2NpR0M$," substituting the "O for a zero, the "to" for the number 2, lowercasing some letters and making the letter "s" a dollar sign. It\'s not perfect, but it\'s better than any word you\'d find in the dictionary, or the old 1,2,3,4,5 PIN number.  The last thing you want to do is to use your login name as your password or to use family information, such as dates of birth. It\'s also not a good idea to write your passwords on a Post-it and stick it on your desk in plain sight.  Password Software The average user has between five and seven logins and passwords to remember, says Nick Forcier, CEO of Large Software, a company that makes software called Password Manager for Windows. He says the solution is to use software that can keep track of them all, and can also generate stronger passwords.  Paper Trail Some people also feel better writing them all down and putting the paper in a safe deposit box. Of course, that won\'t help you remember them on a day-to-day basis, but it at least can be passed on to a spouse or family member in the event something happens and they need access to your most important accounts. Independent producer Skye Rohde contributed to this report.']>>  to "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR.', 'The Search For The Perfect Password']"

Guest: Marcus Eriksen, Director of Research and Education for the Algalita Marine Research Foundation and an active member of Veterans for Peace

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Stories: 1) Teddy Roosevelt And The Fire That Saved The Forests 2) A Memoir Of Pakistan, Islamic Fundamentalism


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Question: Pakistani Journalist Hamid Mir

Forum talks to Pakistani journalist Hamid Mir, the only one to have interviewed Osama bin Laden after the events of September 11, 2001.

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Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Understanding 2021's Rise In Gun Violence

represent the subtitle to find a news title on npr with less details The provided query could be "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.\nIt¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]']" and the positive "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Fat Tuesday, California Style']"

NPR's Scott Simon speaks with Art Acevedo, Chief of the Miami Police Department, about the rise of violence across the U.S. and what can be done in the short term to stem further injury and death.

Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

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Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Quicker Turnaround for Flu Tests

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A new test can analyze the genetic makeup of a flu virus in just 12 hours. That's a lot faster than traditional lab tests, which take three or four days to identify a flu strain. The development could make it easier for health officials to identify and contain an emerging flu that has the potential to start a pandemic.  The new device is called the Flu Chip, and it was developed by biochemists Robert Kuchta and Kathy Rowlen at the University of Colorado at Boulder. It's a glass slide coated with snippets of DNA that represent variants of three important flu genes.   To run the test, a doctor first takes a nose swab from a patient. A lab then extracts the genetic material and applies it to the chip. Different strains of flu make the chip light up in unique patterns of green. "So we just glance at the chip and it takes 10 seconds of looking at it, if that long, and then you have your answer," says Kuchta.  The chip's design allows it to detect both known flu strains and newly emerging strains. "It would be virtually impossible for the flu to mutate so that we wouldn't be able to detect it," says Kuchta. "Because a new flu strain would give a very different signature on a chip, we could say, ‘You have a flu, and it is new and it is weird.'"  Being able to quickly identify weird new flu strains is important for public health officials, who are closely tracking a bird virus called H5N1 that has killed at least 60 people in South Asia. The fear is that this virus could someday mutate into a form that spreads easily between humans. That could start a global flu pandemic like the one in 1918 that killed millions of people. Officials want to use vaccines and anti-viral drugs to contain a new virus before it can spread widely. To do that, they'll need to catch an emerging virus as quickly as possible.    Doctors already have some quick tests that can diagnose a case of flu in just 30 minutes or so. But these rapid tests can only say if a patient is infected with influenza. They can't provide detailed information about what strain of virus the patient has, says David Cho with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in Bethesda, Md. "Right now, we can't say with certainty that it is the bird flu strain or just a normal case of flu," Cho says.  To answer that question, doctors currently have to turn to a lab that's equipped to grow the flu virus and analyze its genes. But that takes days, and the delay can mean false alarms and public uncertainty. And public health officials would like to be able to mobilize their stores of vaccines and drugs more rapidly.  Designing a faster, more reliable test has been difficult because of some serious technical obstacles.  One problem is that, at any given moment, many different flu strains are circulating, and the differences between them are subtle but important. What's more, the viruses are constantly mutating and changing. "And so it's kind of a moving target and a little bit harder to design a test to detect that moving target," says Niranjan Bhat, who works on flu with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.  Still, the CDC has been collaborating with scientists to find faster ways to analyze flu genes. It helped Kuchta and Rowlen test their Flu Chip's accuracy, by providing samples of different flu strains, including H5N1. Kuchta says the chip seems highly accurate: "It just worked spectacularly well, with greater than 90  percent accuracy."   The device will undergo additional testing next month, when technicians at the CDC will run the chip "side by side" with the routine tests done on flu samples that come into the lab each winter. These tests are used to monitor and track flu strains, in order to decide what strains should go into next year's flu vaccine.  If everything goes well, the Flu Chip could be ready for wider use in six months. The team also is experimenting with improvements to the chip that could cut the testing time from 12 hours to two. They're also hoping to make the chip small and simple enough that health workers could take it into small villages, or other places that currently have no ability to identify flu strains.      MICHELE NORRIS, host:       From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED.  I'm Michele Norris.       MELISSA BLOCK, host:       And I'm Melissa Block.       Around the world, health officials are gearing up to try something that's      never been done before:  They want to stamp out an emerging flu pandemic      before it really gets going.  The fear is that a bird flu virus called      H5N1 will jump to people then start spreading.       NORRIS:  And if they want to have any chance of stopping that spread,      scientists will need to know if someone has the new flu as soon as      possible. The problem is it can take days to run the tests that can tell      an ordinary flu virus from a newer, more dangerous one.  Now one group of      scientists says it has made a faster flu test.  NPR's Nell Boyce r

Criminal Charges in HP Spying Scandal. CDC Study Shows Health Effects of Perchlorate. End Music.


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Question: Series Overview: America's Broken Army

America still has the most powerful Army in the world, but two wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have taken a toll, and the force has been stretched to the breaking point. Senior Army officials, like Chief of Staff George Casey, say the Army is "out of balance."  There is no denying that the Army is under stress.  There simply are not enough soldiers to do it all: fight, return home and train for the next fight. Deployments grew to 15 months in length, and only recently have they been reduced to a year. Many soldiers are serving third and fourth tours in combat.  The Army is recruiting new soldiers to bolster the ranks, but finding quality soldiers remains a challenge. It is taking twice as many recruits who have scored in the lowest acceptable category of the military's aptitude test, and thousands have joined with waivers for criminal records, including assault and theft, as well as for physical problems such as flat feet or asthma — records that in previous years would have barred them from service.  The Army is also bringing in many more soldiers without high school diplomas, which recruiters view as a key indicator of success. Equipment has been battered, and repairing it costs some $17 billion a year. That money is coming out of emergency supplemental budgets now, and there is concern that the money will have to be taken from the regular budget, squeezing other Army programs. Furthermore, the Army isn't even preparing to fight all kinds of war. It is now only training for counterinsurgency operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, not for high-end military operations, such as large battles with divisions using tanks and aircraft. A recent internal Army report found that a stunning 90 percent of artillery units are unqualified to fire artillery accurately — the lowest level in history.  This week, we will look at some of the subtle signs that the Army is under pressure — and the ways the Army is trying to fix what is broken. We'll begin by looking at the kinds of wars the Army is preparing to be ready to fight.    Part 1: Training — The Army Can't Do It All The force that invaded Iraq in 2003 couldn't launch such a devastating tank assault today. That's what one of the Army's young officers responsible for training soldiers now argues. The reason is fairly simple: The Army barely trains for tank warfare anymore. We will visit the premier training center where the Army once simulated massive tank battles. Now the Army doesn't have the luxury — it's too busy getting soldiers ready for boots-on-the ground combat in Afghanistan and Iraq. That training, for counterinsurgency warfare, is vitally important, but Army leaders are wondering whether the service has shifted too far in one direction: that by preparing to fight the last wars — Iraq and Afghanistan — the force isn't ready for the future.  The Army is trying to bring back more "conventional" Army training, to balance off the counterinsurgency training, but it won't be able to even begin its effort to ease that imbalance until 2010. Some are wondering what will happen in the meantime, if a large-scale war breaks out in North Korea or somewhere else? The answer: More risk will have to be accepted.   Part 2: West Point — Teaching New Leaders In the second part of our series, we visit West Point, where the Army has changed the way it teaches its next generation of leaders. Here, too, the doctrine of counterinsurgency warfare is becoming the centerpiece of what is taught. That means the classroom is a very different place than it was even a few years ago. Students are even learning from their classmates, many of whom are veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan. The professors at West Point hope that they themselves are delivering a better education than the one they received when they were students.  The Army is under pressure to make education more relevant. With repeated deployments to combat zones, it is losing junior officers at an accelerated rate: West Point graduates are leaving at rates of nearly 10 percent higher than in past years. The Army is thereby promoting those who remain faster. Some of these very junior officers are questioning whether they have the maturity to move forward that quickly. The Army is losing more officers at a time it needs even more, because the overall force is expanding by 65,000 soldiers. The Army expects to be short 3,000 captains and majors at least until 2013.   Part 3: Depots — The Repair Bill We'll travel to an Army repair depot to see what it takes, and what it costs, to repair all the equipment damaged in war. Not too long ago, an Army repair depot — there are five of them — would repair maybe two or three Humvees in a week. Now, 32 roll off the line every day.  The gear has been damaged in war, and it costs the Army $17 billion each year to fix it all. But some critics think the Army is playing a shell game: Not only is it fixing Humvees and other equipment — it's using that $17 billion to modernize its equipment. The critics arg

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For example, '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'A drone! Miami Beach! A water slide! Sly Stallone! Machu Picchu! (Macchu Picchu?) Those are only a few of the many, many images that flit by as you watch a four-minute video created by the Trump administration (specifically, the National Security Council), which the White House posted to its Facebook page Wednesday morning. The video — extolling the virtues of international cooperation between President Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un — was shown to Kim by Trump himself, on an iPad toward the end of their Tuesday summit in Singapore. It\'s ... not subtle. The video consists entirely of rapidly edited stock footage (Clouds! Power lines! City at night! Orchestra! Little girl in wheat field at sunset!) while a narrator extols the virtues of international cooperation and lays out the grim consequences of its absence (Missiles launching! Empty store shelves!). Rhetorical questions are asked. Superlatives unleashed. "The light of prosperity and innovation" gets a shout-out. Ditto "the light of hope," which, much like the light of prosperity and innovation, "can burn bright." The video presents itself as a trailer for a nonexistent movie produced by "Destiny Pictures" (get it?), but it\'s really an extended piece of propaganda engineered to persuade Kim to "shake the hand of peace." (There is a real Destiny Pictures, by the way, in California. The company says it had nothing to do with the video.) I asked NPR National Security Correspondent David Welna to help me determine whether the video sheds any meaningful light on the two world leaders who figure so prominently in it, and what it may suggest about the Trump administration\'s approach to foreign policy. Glen Weldon: David, I\'ll kick this off by noting, as a movie critic, that this trailer is ... pretty lousy, as trailers go. The narration is ham-fisted, repetitive and riddled with clichés and there are shots that just leave you staring, mouth agape. What\'s your take on it, on a purely aesthetic level? David Welna: This strikes me as a kind of storybook fable, with lots of pictures. It\'s a mashup of images in striking colors of a world of cars, crowds, postcard landmarks and then Trump and Kim themselves, shown in commanding shots. Then it all gets dark and nasty, with black-and-white shots of soldiers, warships and a menacing jet fighter. The message seems to be, "That\'s the world you\'ll be stuck with, pal, if you don\'t make the right choice here." Then, as if that right choice had been made, we see missiles launching in reverse, the rockets sucked back onto their launchpads, along with images of bright skies. "The future," the narrator concludes, "remains to be written." Weldon: Is it possible to glean anything from the Trump administration\'s thinking here? I mean, clearly Trump assumed this approach — promises of prosperity, etc. — could sway Kim. Welna: I\'m not sure if Trump had this video made to be an ace up his sleeve at his Singapore meeting with Kim, should things not go well and the power of video — in which Trump is a firm believer — could be brought to bear. Trump waited to show it to Kim and his aides until the talks were ending, as a kind of a favor. The message seemed to be that all these wonderful things you see in the video can be yours, too. Here\'s an excerpt of the narration:  Will this leader choose to advance his country and be part of a new world? Be the hero of his people? Will he shake the hand of peace and enjoy prosperity like he has never seen? A great life? Or more isolation? Which path will be chosen?  Weldon: It\'s propaganda, and certainly the U.S. has a long history, through entities like USAID and Voice of America, of producing content that promotes the American way of life. How does this odd thing slot into that history, if it does at all? Welna: It does feel a bit retro — Trump even referred to it as a "tape." This is good, old-fashioned government advertising reformatted for the digital age. The video\'s opening shot has the words "A Destiny Pictures Production" superimposed on the image of a turquoise mountain lake. But this is, in fact, a product of the White House\'s own National Security Council, "to help the president demonstrate the benefits of complete denuclearization, and a vision of a peaceful and prosperous Korean Peninsula," as an NSC spokesman put it. In intelligence and military circles, this video might be seen more as a psychological operations, or psy-ops, maneuver — a selection of images and information crafted to influence emotions, objective reasoning and ultimately the choices people make. Weldon: The odd thing — well, one odd thing — is that the kind of trailer it\'s imitating hasn\'t been made in a decade or so. That "voice of God" narrator has gone the way of the dodo. As your editor mentioned, it feels a lot more like a Trump real estate video, right? Welna: There certainly is a Trumpian feel to the video, though we don\'t know how much of a hand he had in it, if any. But if you listen to a promotio']' should be close to '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', "'Shaking The Hand Of Peace': Unpacking Trump's North Korea Movie Trailer"]'

Stories: 1) Venturing Inside Bellevue's Psychiatric ER 2) Capitalism's Paradoxes, Writ Personal On Film


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'['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Health Care Financing Initiative Filed']' == '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.\nThe initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]']' != '['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr', 'Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.']'

Question: Political Corner with Juan Williams

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NPR political analyst Juan Williams discusses inside-the-beltway issues affecting African Americans with Donna Brazile, the former campaign manager for Democratic presidential nominee Al Gore in 2000, and Robert Traynham, communications director for the Senate Republican Conference and communications director for Sen. Rick Santorum (R-PA).

Stories: 1) David Talbot on the Kennedys' 'Hidden History' 2) Kevin Costner, Dancing With Death Again


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Question: In 'The Good Immigrant,' New Americans Grapple With Their Polarized Country

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During the 2016 presidential campaign, Fatima Farheen Mirza's family received an unexpected gift.  At least, that's how it seemed when a neighbor's daughter delivered a bag of candy to their front door. Mirza's parents had recently moved to Texas. At first, Mirza's mother thought the candy might be a sort of welcome to the neighborhood.  "Then Mumma looked closer," Mirza writes.  It wasn't a gift bag, but a Ziploc plastic bag — "unadorned and filled only with Skittles." At the time, Donald Trump was running for president. And his son, Donald Trump Jr. had just compared Syrian refugees to Skittles. "If I had a bowl of Skittles and I told you just three would kill you," Trump Jr. wrote on Twitter, "would you take a handful? That's our Syrian refugee problem." Mirza's parents insisted the Skittles were no big deal. Until finally, Mirza challenged her mother to eat one of them.  "Mumma stood from the couch," she writes, "lifted the bag of Skittles, and emptied them all into the trash." Mirza's essay appears in the new book The Good Immigrant: 26 Writers Reflect on America, along with contributions from other first- and second-generation immigrants.  The debate over immigration has exposed real differences in how Americans understand America. Many on the political left say the country is great because of immigrants. Many on the right agree with President Trump - that America can only be great if immigration is dramatically curtailed especially across the southern border. In The Good Immigrant, these up-and-coming writers, journalists and artists share personal stories that grapple with a country increasingly polarized about immigrants and immigration. Mirza, the author of the novel A Place for Us, says she decided to write about the Skittles episode despite her father's objections because it illustrates the fear and mistrust her family regularly encounters in the U.S. And how the family is divided about the right way to respond.  "One thing that my mom would always say after these kind of anti-immigrant interactions would be to say you know we're just gonna lead by example and prove that we're normal people," said Mirza. But she found that approach frustrating, because it put her family in the position of having to "prove that you're human." The Good Immigrant is a sequel of sorts to a book of the same name published in the U.K. in 2016. The co-editor of the U.S. version, Chimene Suleyman says the title is a nod to the constant pressure to demonstrate that you're the right kind of immigrant. "When you're an immigrant there's kind of the default setting of suspicion and paranoia that surrounds you," Suleyman said. "You're not really the good immigrant. You don't start from that position. And you have to jump through kind of almost superhuman hoops before kind of allowed to one of the good ones, before people stop being fearful of you." The other contributors talked about what being a "good immigrant'"means to them. "For me the good immigrant was staying true to family, to what my parents wanted me to be,"  said novelist Nicole Dennis-Benn. "That promise, that American dream that they sold to me." Dennis-Benn moved to New York from Jamaica when she was a teenager. She was the first in her family to go to college, where she was expected to study medicine.  "I was working class Jamaican. So that was the expectation," she said.  But after several years in school, Dennis-Benn realized she didn't want to be a doctor. She wanted to be a writer.  In her essay for The Good Immigrant, Dennis-Benn writes about moment when she confides to a few other immigrants in her pre-med program that she's thinking of changing her major to English. "Chi-Chi, the Nigerian in the group, made a clucking noise and said, 'You can't be serious,'" Dennis-Benn writes. "'If you want English, then what you doing here?' She emphasized 'here' to remind me that I was taking my opportunity for granted, that we were students at one of the most competitive schools for pre-med in the country, that any first-generation immigrant with the weight of her family on her back would kill to take my spot." Dennis-Benn's debut novel Here Comes the Sun was named one of the best books of 2016 by The New York Times and others.  Several of the writers said they grew up feeling intense pressure to assimilate in order to play the part of the "good immigrant." For the book, author Daniel José Older wrote about his childhood in Boston in the 1980s.  "I really feel like I looked out into the world outside of my doors and just saw a world that had no use for bilingualism. That had no use for Latino culture," Older said.  Older says he resisted learning Spanish, the language his mother spoke growing up in Cuba because he wanted to seem more American.    "And I think there's a tragedy in that," Older said. "In that form of the immigrant experience that so many of us have that tells us that where we come from doesn't matter. Because of course it matters so deeply." All of the

Stories: 1) Writing About The Midwestern Muslim Experience 2) 'A Separation' Of Hearts, Minds And Ideas In Iran


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Question: What Music Fuels Your Winter Blahs?

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It's another cloudy, cold day, I'm feeling a little sluggish, and that, along with the official solstice on Dec. 21, reminds me that winter is truly here. Once again, as the season turns, so do my musical yearnings. I don't exactly get the "winter blues," maybe winter "blahs" is a better way to put it. Instead of battling the shrinking, sunless days with my favorite salsa (Celia Cruz) and mambo (Tito Rodriguez) albums, I tend to revel in the blah-ness of it all by listening to things like the icy cold Fourth Symphony by Jean Sibelius (or any Sibelius, really), the claustrophobic late string quartets by Dmitri Shostakovich and introspective singers like Elliott Smith. My favorite just may be Joni Mitchell's little known early song called "Urge for Going." Read More and Hear Wintry Songs My fellow Deceptive Cadence blogger Ashalen  Sims seems to follow a similar path. "Winter is a meditative period for me," she says. "A time when I do a lot of thinking, reading and crocheting. My all-time favorite recording for this time of year is Yolanda Kondonassis playing harp music by Alan Hovhaness. The languid rhythms of his Sonata for Harp match my mood perfectly: They're contemplative with just the right amount of melancholy. Author Tim Page is a professor of journalism and music at the University of Southern California who also maintains a residence in Baltimore. He has some bicoastal issues when it comes to wintry music. "I like cold climate music in cold climates," Page says. "Sibelius is ideal for that on the East Coast or in Canada. In Los Angeles, it is different for me, as I truly miss the seasons and I find that 'wintery' music sharpens my dissociation. There, I'll often put on some of the most austere Bach performances I know — Ralph Kirkpatrick, for example, in The Well-Tempered Clavier, is a favorite." What about you? Do you retaliate with upbeat, sultry music when winter comes around? Or do you cave, and crave music that matches the mood of the chilly, cloudy days? Let us know what your winter playlist would include in the comments section.

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Stories: 1) John Waters: A Bad Influence Picks His 'Role Models' 2) Summer Titles That Will Transport You Into The Past 3) Elizabeth Cook: Transcending A Cult Career