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The provided query could be '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Friday News Roundup - Domestic']' and the positive '['Represent the input', 'On Wednesday, the House Judiciary Committee approved a subpoena for the full, unredacted report into the 2016 election. “The Constitution charges Congress with holding the president accountable for alleged official misconduct,” Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerry Nadler, D-NY, said in his opening remarks. “That job requires us to evaluate the evidence for ourselves — not the attorney general’s summary, not a substantially redacted synopsis, but the full report and the underlying evidence.” The Judiciary Committee also approved subpoenas for former White House counsel Don McGahn, former Trump adviser and White House strategist Steve Bannon, former White House communications director Hope Hicks, former White House chief of staff Reince Priebus and former White House deputy counsel Ann Donaldson. Meanwhile, House Democrats have asked the IRS to release six years of President Trump’s personal and business tax returns. When will the Mueller report be released? And what might we learn from these subpoenaed individuals? Amid a migrant crisis, President Trump backed off his threat to close the border between the U.S. and Mexico. “We’re going to give them a one-year warning, and if the drugs don’t stop or largely stop, we’re going to put tariffs on Mexico and products, particularly cars. And if that doesn’t stop the drugs, we close the border,” he said in a press conference on Thursday. We spoke with El Paso mayor Dee Margo earlier this week about the crisis at the southern border. He told us closing the border would “be an economic crippler back and forth. About 50,000 employees cross over daily from Mexico to El Paso.” Julián Aguilar of The Texas Tribune also weighed in on the ramifications. He said in 2018, El Paso did $78 billion worth of trade across border — but closing it wouldn’t just affect economics. “This is gonna hit the whole social fabric of the border. Folks in my family still live in Juarez and come back across,” he told us. What can be done to mitigate the migrant crisis? We’ll also get into the administration’s efforts to replace the Affordable Care Act, the latest on the White House security clearance scandal, allegations against Joe Biden, newly-elected Chicago mayor Lori Lightfoot and much more. Text by Kathryn Fink. GUESTS Jane Coaston, Senior politics reporter, Vox; @cjane87 Eugene Scott, Political reporter, The Washington Post; @Eugene_Scott Peter Baker, Chief White House correspondent, The New York Times; @peterbakernyt For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2019 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.']' and the negative '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.']'

Question: Georgia's Special Election Has Been Longer Than Some Countries' National Elections

The long-awaited special election in Georgia is finally happening. On Tuesday, people will head to the polls to cast their votes for either Democrat Jon Ossoff or Republican Karen Handel in the sixth congressional district special election in the Atlanta suburbs to replace Republican Tom Price. Price left his seat to become President Trump's health and human services secretary. That "long-awaited," though, has been pretty long. As FiveThirtyEight's Nate Silver pointed out recently, between the runoff for Tuesday's race and the race itself, the U.K. has already gone through an entire election process. "The UK *literally initiated and completed an entire parliamentary election* in the time in between the GA-6 primary and runoff," he wrote. Only 51 days passed from the day British Prime Minister Theresa May called those elections (April 18) to Election Day (June 8). Meanwhile, April 18 was the day of Georgia's runoff, and June 20 will be the general election for that House seat. And that's just counting from the runoff. Georgia Gov. Nathan Deal declared the election date on Feb. 10 (130 days before the general election), when Price was confirmed as HHS secretary. That's not even the longest special election campaign happening this year. On Dec. 12 (Dec. 12!), Alabama will elect someone to fill the Senate seat Jeff Sessions vacated when he became Attorney General. The governor called that election on April 18, 238 days before the vote will take place. So here's how those long stretches of campaigning stack up to the lengths of elections in a few other countries, as well as the 2016 presidential election: In 2015, Canada's 11-week election campaign drove voters to distraction, even election-weary Americans looked on with envy. Likewise, Australia's 55-day campaign in 2016 was considered lengthy (there). And this even undershoots, to a degree, the length of the campaigns in those U.S. special elections, because candidates started jumping into the races long before. The first candidate entered the Georgia special election on Nov. 30, 2016 (202 days before Tuesday's vote). Likewise, the first candidate in the Alabama Senate race, state Attorney General Luther Strange, declared he would run back in December — 385 full days before the election. (That election took some time to be announced, however, as the last governor, Robert Bentley, appointed Strange to replace Sessions instead of calling for an election, as the law requires.) Counted from when the first person declared he was running, and this year's Alabama Senate race is even longer than the span between last year's Iowa caucuses and Election Day 2016. Here's how those numbers stack up: Of course, this kind of comparison obscures some important details about foreign countries' elections. For one, even with restrictions on campaign lengths in place, candidates in some foreign nations can start making noise about running well before "campaigning" officially begins. A "faux-campaign" had already been going on well before Australia's 2016 election, as London's Guardian reported last year. And while Mexico imposes a 90-day campaign period — that marks when candidates can spend their public campaign funds and thereby start campaigning in earnest — candidates can still declare they're interested in running well ahead of time. Already in June 2015, the first candidate for that country's 2018 presidential election declared she was in. So while they may not be able to fill the airwaves with ads, they can still make their way into news coverage for quite a while before the vote happens. (Of course, that happens here, too, before the first candidate declares.) In addition, parliamentary systems are by nature going to have starkly different elections than the U.S., as Bill Scher pointed out at RealClearPolitics last year.  "...[I]t's completely disingenuous to compare America's presidential election season to states with parliamentary systems. The political parties in those countries typically select their leaders years before elections are called — and not in small-d democratic primaries where the entirety of the nation's electorate has an opportunity to decide on their choices. The party leaders then square off inside their respective parliaments day after day."  And one final addendum: shorter doesn't necessarily mean better. In Japan, tight rules like limiting campaigning to 12 days keeps opposition parties out of power, the Sunlight Foundation argued in 2014. So there's some reason not to want the shortest campaign period possible. Still, after months of phone calls and door knocking, the residents of Georgia's sixth district may want more of a happy medium.


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "Cabinet Cleaning," "Who Doesn't Want To Be A Millionaire?" and "Star Power."

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: Superstorm Sandy: Remembering Those Who Died

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As New Jersey and New York continue to pick the pieces in the wake of Superstorm Sandy, the death toll has slowly crept up to 97. Some of the dead were mothers and fathers. Some of them were young; some were old. Some of them were police officers who died heroically. The New York Daily news has been trying to keep track of the dead and their biographies. We've surveyed local news reports and collected the stories of three people who died because of the storm: -- Leonard Montalto, 53, of Staten Island, was found dead in his flooded basement. According to the Staten Island Advance, when the flood waters came he sent his daughter off, but he stayed behind to make sure the pumps in his house would work. The paper reports:  "Montalto was a mainstay with the United States Postal Service, and was planning a run for president of his local branch of the American Postal Workers Union. Neighbors remembered him as the man who delivered their newspapers. "He was an avid collector of Beanie Babies and old coins, and he saved every document, receipt and record he could. 'He liked to save everything,' recounted his ex-wife. 'He had every receipt since he was in kindergarten... But so well-organized, everything in order, in folders.'"  -- Matthew Stahl, 8, of Susquehanna County, Pa., died when he went out to check on his calves. According to the Citizens' Voice, while he was outside, a branch or tree came tumbling down and killed Stahl. The family's pastor Rev. Bob Kadlecik remembered him as a vibrant child, who "loved being outside." "He had a little tree fort that he played in. Huge imagination - just lots of energy," Kadlecik said. -- Herminia St. John, 75, of Manhattan, died after her oxygen machine ran out of power. As DNAinfo reports it, St. John was originally from Panama and she had survived much worse, including a time when a piece of metal, propelled by another storm, gashed her leg. Her final moments were dramatic, with her family calling 911 desperately but to no avail. DNAinfo writes:  "Finally, St. John had found a hardship even she couldn't overcome — but she met it with her usual grit. "'She called on me. She gave me a hug, a kiss,' said her daughter, Elsa St. John, 54. "Then her mother asked to be turned toward the window. "'She said her goodbyes, and she went,' Elsa said."

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Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news: Sandy Visits Times Square; Yes, Virginia, The Election Is Almost Over; Mickey Strikes Back!


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Question: U.S., Allies Adopt Iran Strategy

The United States, Britain, France and Germany have apparently agreed on an approach to scrutinizing Iran's compliance with nuclear non-proliferation rules. A draft resolution to be presented at the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna both praises and criticizes Iran. The United States initially had wanted much tougher wording, but is going along with a multilateral approach to Iran. NPR's Vicky O'Hara reports.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Strong Quake Hits Near Iran-Iraq Border, Killing More Than 200.  -- Human Rights Barely Registers In Meeting Between Trump, Philippines' Duterte. -- Is A Corporate Tax Cut What The Economy Really Needs Right Now? --  Mueller Russia Probe Moves Into The White House And GOP's Math Problem On Taxes. And here are more early headlines: Democrats Draw Attention At U.N. Climate Conference. (Politico) Report: Syria Allegedly Starving Civilians To Force Surrender. (Amnesty International) Saudi Coalition To Ease, But Not Lift, Yemen Blockade. (VOA) North Korean Soldier Shot While Defecting To South Korea. (Yonhap) Eight Afghan Police Reportedly Killed In Western Province. (AP)  French Review Security, 2 Years After Paris Attacks. (Reuters) Menendez Jury Resumes Work With New Member. (NJ.com)


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Question: First Anniversary of Million Man March

On the first anniversary of the Million Man March, Minister Louis Farrakhan spoke before a large crowd of supporters in front of the United Nations building in New York. Farrakhan called the event the World Day of Atonement, and asked the United States and the United Nations to lift sanctions on Libya, Cuba and Iraq.

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Ms. Miller Goes to Washington. Anti-Gang Summit in Oakland. End Music.


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Question: Listener Limerick Challenge

Now flying will be even more fun; the most unappealing new wine of the year; and a new item that makes the anatomical reference to one's "six pack" quite confusing.

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Seizure-Inducing Tweet Leads To Cyberstalking Arrest

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Journalist Kurt Eichenwald is used to being attacked on Twitter, but one message he received in December went beyond the usual sparring with critics of his writing for Newsweek and other publications. Eichenwald, who is epileptic, opened an animated GIF sent to him on Twitter by an anonymous account. The image flashed repeatedly like a strobe light over the message “you deserve a seizure for your posts,” in all-caps. Eichenwald immediately suffered a seizure. Last week the FBI said it had arrested the man who sent the message, John Rayne Rivello. He is charged with criminal cyberstalking with the intent to kill or cause bodily harm. On Monday the Dallas County District Attorney’s office also charged him with felony assault with a hate crime enhancement. Here & Now‘s Robin Young discusses the case with Eichenwald’s attorney, Steve Lieberman. Lieberman, who is with the law firm Rothwell Figg (@RothwellFiggIP), has represented NPR in past legal disputes.

Good morning - while we wait for the Supreme Court's health care decision, we're following these stories: 'Hell In The Rearview Mirror' As Coloradoans Flee Wildfires. News Corp. Confirms Split; Rupert Murdoch Will Chair Both Companies. Record-Breaking Heat Moves From Midwest To Mid-Atlantic And Southeast. (National Weather Service) European Union Fiscal Summit Opens, Hopes Dim For Bold Steps. (Reuters) Bosnian Serb Leader Karadzic Acquitted Of One Genocide Count; Still Faces 10 More War Crimes Charges. (AP) Barclays Bank Pays $452 Million In Fines To Settle Interest Rate Manipulation Case. (MarketWatch) Blasts Strike Syrian Capital, Turkey Stations Troops Along Syrian Border. (CNN) Cargo Search Continues For Possible Stowaways At New Jersey Port. (Star-Ledger) Texas Man Sentenced To 40 Years In Houston Stand-Your-Ground Murder Case. (KPRC) German Court Outlaws Circumcision Of Boys As 'Bodily Harm'. (Deutche Welle)


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Question: Prepaid Debit Cards Not As Simple As They Seem

More people are using prepaid debit cards, but not all the cards work the same way, especially when it comes to the fees they charge. Money Coach Alvin Hall gives some tips.

Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Governor Napolitano on Here and Now

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Governor Napolitano joined Steve Goldstein on KJZZ's Here and Now.  As part of her usual monthly visit, she talked about issues facing the state, campaign politics and answered listener comments and questions as well.

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Washington's Weiner; Sarah Palin's Mystery Tour; A Good Reason to Hang up the Phone.


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Question: Unknown People Leave 52 TV Sets On 52 Doorsteps In Henrico County, Va.

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Fifty-two old TV sets were placed by unknown people on doorsteps in Henrico County, Va., on Sunday. The people wore other TVs covering their heads.

Good morning, here is our early story: -- Syrians Head To Polls In An Election Expected To Go To Assad. And here are more early headlines: Obama Backing $1 Billion Fund To Boost U.S. Troops In Europe. (BBC) China Limits Google Ahead Of Tiananmen Anniversary. (Wall Street Journal) Ban On Protests For Missing Schoolgirls Declared In Nigeria. (CNN) Special U.S. Centers House Undocumented Children. (Los Angeles Times) I-495 Delaware Bridge Closed After 4 Tilting Pillars Discovered. (News-Journal) 11 Injured In Two Chicago Shootings, Including Two Teens. (Chicago Tribune) Worker "Sickout" Slows San Francisco Cable Car Service. (SF Gate) Hall Of Famer Dan Marino Sues NFL Over Concussions. (SI.com) Lost $50 Million Lotto Ticket Returned To Canadian Couple. (Prince George Citizen)


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Question: I 933 Gets Mixed Reviews From Farmers

Washington State Initiative 933 was put together by the Washington Farm Bureau, which says restrictions on use of private land should be compensated by the state. But surprisingly, not all farmers agree the proposal is in their best interest. Steve Jackson has more:

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Stories: 1) Untangling The Complex Foreclosure Mess 2) Finding The Best Of The Bands On The Beatles' Label


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Question: SEIU, Planned Parenthood Come To Obama's Aid

The McCain-Palin ticket advances. Obama-Biden starts slipping. Enter Obama's outside helpers... Helper #1: The Service Employees International Union, an incredibly politically connected and active union, announced a $2 million ad buy in swing states against McCain. The ad hammers McCain on the economy, using a quote of him saying "I know a lot less about economics." Then it shows Obama touting his plan to cut taxes for middle class families. The ad is clearly meant to counter the fact that, according to polls, many people who would get tax breaks under Obama's plan tend to believe he will raise their taxes. It will run in Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan, New Mexico, Iowa and Wisconsin. Helper #2: Planned Parenthood Action Fund took it upon itself to defend Obama against a recent McCain attack ad claiming that the Democrat's only education-related accomplishment was a bill to teach sex education to kindergardners. The McCain ad was debunked by FactCheck.org. Planned Parenthood's response ad points out that the sex education bill aimed to help kids avoid molestation by teaching them about inappropriate touching. The ad then poses the question: Is McCain "just another politician who will say anything to get elected?" (It's rhetorical.) A spokesperson for the group says the ad (below) is running in Pittsburgh and Denver -- and will keep running as long as the McCain ad is on the air.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Bible As Official State Book? Tennessee's Governor Vetoes Bill. -- Obama Administration Issues New Rules For Offshore Drilling. And here are more early headlines: House GOP Squabbles, Will Miss Deadline To Pass Budget. (Washington Post) Deadly Earthquake Strikes Southern Japan. (Japan Times) North Korea's Attempted Medium Range Rocket Launch Fails. (USA Today) Defense Secretary To Visit U.S. Warship In South China Sea. (Reuters) Top Brazilian Court Allows Presidential Impeachment Vote To Proceed. (BBC) California Appeals Court Rules In Favor Of Teacher Tenure. (KPCC) Manson Follower, Leslie Van Houten, Recommended For Parole. (Los Angeles Times) Former N.Y. Gov. Pataki Endorses Kasich Ahead Of State's Primary. (CNN) Service Projects Commemorate 3rd Boston Marathon Bombing Anniversary. (AP)


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Question: Geraldine Brooks: 'Foreign Correspondence'

Jacki talks with writer Geraldine Brooks about her new book, Foreign Correspondence. It's a collection of letters Brooks wrote as a young girl to pen-pals all over the world, and the responses she got back. Recently Brooks tracked down her pen pals to find out what had become of them, and she tells their stories in her book. For many years, Brooks was a foreign correspondent for the Wall Street Journal, based in Sydney and Cairo. Foreign Correspondence is published by Anchor, a division of Doubleday.

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Stories: 1) Joe Boyd on 'Making Music in the 1960s' 2) Natsuo Kirino's 'Grotesque' New Novel


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Question: Muslim Woman Sues OC Sheriff's Department Over Headscarf Removal

Adolfo Guzman-Lopez: An observant Muslim woman alleges in a federal lawsuit filed today that Orange County Sheriff's deputies unlawfully forced her to remove her headscarf while she was in custody. KPCC's Adolfo Guzman-Lopez reports.

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Actress Angelina Jolie Shares Story Of Her Double Mastectomy. -- Russian Security Service Claims To Have Uncovered CIA Agent. -- Afghan Taxes Weigh Heavily On U.S. Contractors, Report Says. -- Book News: Amazon Debuts Its Virtual Currency. Other stories of the morning: -- "IRS Officials In Washington Were Involved In Targeting Of Conservative Groups." (The Washington Post) -- Associated Press Blasts Justice Department's Search Of Reporters' Phone Records. (Morning Edition) -- Cleveland Kidnappings Suspect Was Previously Accused, But Not Formally Charged, With Abusing Common-Law Wife And Threatening Neighbors. (The Plain Dealer) -- New Orleans Police Identify One Suspect In Mother's Day Shooting That Injured 19. (The Times-Picayune) -- "Comfort Women" Were "Necessary" During World War II, Prominent Japanese Politician Says. (BBC News)


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Question: Mocha Moms: What's on the Table?

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This week's group discusses a listener's question about business opportunities for stay-at-home moms. Moms Jolene Ivey, Davina McFarland and Cheli-English Figaro are joined by special guest Nell Merlino. Merlino helps women launch businesses through her non-profit organization, Count Me In. MICHEL MARTIN, host:  I'm Michel Martin and this is TELL ME MORE from NPR News.  Coming up, we heard it on the street - a sidewalk debate about faith.  But first it's time for our weekly check in with the Mocha Moms. We turn to them every week for their common sense and savvy parenting advice.  This week, a question we bet a lot of stay-at-home moms are asking themselves. Is there something I could do to generate income while I stay at home?  A listener actually brought this question to us. She wanted to know what legitimate business opportunities are available for parents who want to be at home but still have an income.  We didn't know. So we invited Nell Merlino to drop in on the Mocha Moms. She's founder of the popular Take Your Daughter To Work Day, and she currently helps women launch or grow their businesses through her nonprofit organization, Count Me In. She joins us from our NPR New York bureau along with our regular Mocha Moms, Jolene Ivey, co-founder of the Mocha Moms, a mother of five. Divina McFarland, Mocha member, a mother of three. And Cheli English-Figaro, president emerita of Mocha Moms and a mother of three. Welcome all.  Ms. CHELI ENGLISH-FIGARO (President Emerita, Mocha Moms): Hey.  Ms. JOLENE IVEY (Co-founder, Mocha Moms): Hey.  Ms. DIVINA MCFARLAND (Member, Mocha Moms): Hello.  Ms. NELL MERLINO (Co-founder and CEO, Count Me In): Hi.  MARTIN: Nell, let's start with you. What is driving the women entrepreneurs who seek you out? Is it the desire for a more balanced lifestyle, more independence, more time to parent? Is that a big part of it?  Ms. MERLINO: It certainly is. For women with children, the attraction of having a business at home or having their own business is very, very powerful, because if you set it up right, you can set your business schedule to your family schedule. We have a mom of six who runs a construction business who has this summer, as an example, she has set up - so she goes to work at 5:45 in the morning, is finished by one and spends all afternoon at the pool with her children.  MARTIN: Wow.  Ms. MERLINO: And you only can do that if you're the boss. And I have hundreds of examples of women who have their own businesses who structured them so that it works around their children's school schedule. It's a wonderful way to have fulfillment and more money and some level of financial independence and, in some cases, a great level of financial independence, as well as having quality time to spend with your children and your family.  MARTIN: But, you know, you make it sound like nirvana. Clearly, it's harder than that. There are some particular challenges out there to running your own business. So what are they?  Ms. MERLINO: The challenges are, one, you've got to have a vision and figure out what your business is and what it is that you really want to do. What do you want to sell? Is it a service? Is it a product? And then, where do you want to do it and how big is your vision? How big do you want to grow? And then sort of assembling the people and the resources you need to build that business. And it can start very small and grow up pretty fast. People have lots of different options.  MARTIN: Now, how does your organization work? Now you started out as a micro-lender. Now, this is…  Ms. MERLINO: Yes.  MARTIN: …I think a concept that I think a lot of people are familiar with overseas…  Ms. MERLINO: Yes.  MARTIN: …in the less developed countries, where a nonprofit such as yourself offers a source of financing for women who otherwise would not be able to have it. But how does it work here?  Ms. MERLINO: It works in two ways. We have this new program called Make Mine a $Million Business. This is for women who have businesses that are already at about $200,000 to $250,000 in revenue who've gotten kind of stuck and want to grow faster. We've had such a big response to Make Mine a $Million from women who weren't quite ready for, you know, who earn at $250,000 in revenue. So we've taken our micro-loan concept now and women who applied to Make Mine a $Million who aren't at $200,000 have an opportunity to get a micro-loan and a year's worth of coaching from Count Me In to grow their business and get it established in a way that it'll really be sustaining for them.  MARTIN: Starting a business and being fully present at home sometimes just seems just like incompatible to me. I understand the desire for more independence and certainly to…  Ms. MERLINO: And the empowerment.  MARTIN: But, I don't know, I'm just wondering whether you…  Ms. MERLINO: Ten and a half million women do it. Women - that's 48 percent of all businesses. Ten and a half million women do it.  MARTIN: But are they giving thems

May the Task Force Be With You; Mask Marketing; What's the Buzz?


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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The new way forward is in one man's not very forward-looking mind; one senator's personal tragedy is a media-paloozza; the senator who really doesn't walk on water.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Geithner: U.S., China Must Restore Gobal Economy

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Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner is in Beijing for talks with his Chinese counterparts. China is America's biggest creditor. Geithner says the global recession appears to be losing steam, but he added that the U.S. and China needed to make changes to help restore the world economy to health.

Good morning. Our early headlines: — Norwegian Admits Killing Dozens, But Defies Court — Death Toll Reaches Six In Oklahoma Tornado — Key Republican Hints At Broader Investigation Of Secret Service Other top stories: — Afghan Taliban says rehearsed attack for two months (Reuters) — Citigroup Profit Flat (WSJ) — Oracle-Google Trial Starts Monday; Outcome Could Affect All Developers (PC World) —U.S. Likely To Make A Profit On Bailouts, Treasury Says (L.A. Times)


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Question: Why Doctors Are Testing An Epilepsy Drug For Alcoholism

In the hunt for new ways to help people fight alcoholism, doctors are studying gabapentin, a generic drug that's commonly used to treat epilepsy and fibromyalgia. In a 12-week clinical trial conducted by the Scripps Research Institute, people taking taking gabapentin were much better at reducing their alcohol intake than those who got a placebo. The research, involving 150 people, was funded by the National Institutes of Health. All the volunteers enrolled in the trial received counseling. Some took placebo pills, the rest got either 900 milligrams or 1,800 milligrams of gabapentin each day. People taking a higher dose of the drug refrained from heavy drinking twice as often as the placebo group, and practiced complete abstinence four times as often. The results were published in JAMA Internal Medicine. Psychiatrist Barbara J. Mason, who led the study, says gabapentin appears to work because it eases the most common withdrawal symptoms. "Gabapentin improved sleep and mood in people who were cutting down or quitting drinking," she tells Shots. Sleeplessness and anxiety are often what cause people to regress and start drinking again, she says. Another factor in gabapentin's favor, she says, is that it isn't broken down by the liver, "an organ that's often damaged in people with alcohol dependence." Of three FDA-approved drugs for alcoholism, two pose potential liver risks, she says. Gabapentin passes from the blood through the kidney and into urine pretty much unchanged. Like any drug, gabapentin has potential side effects. Drowsiness, nausea and blurred vision are some. And the drug hasn't been approved for treatment of alcohol dependence. Gabapentin, sold under the brand name Neurontin, has a bit of a rocky history. In the early 2000s, Pfizer and its Parke-Davis unit got in trouble for pushing the drug for a variety of unapproved uses. But Mason says the fact that her work is funded by the NIH, plus the fact that it's a generic formulation, will distance her work from that scandal. "It's not magic, and making a big behavioral change is hard work," she says. But to ignore a drug that appears effective, she says, '"is not taking advantage of all the tools in the toolbox." Still, the drug hasn't been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in treatment of alcohol dependence and there's no sign it will be anytime soon.

Stories: 1) Putting Puppies Behind Bars (For A Good Cause) 2) Forensic Vet Helps Prevent Animal Cruelty 3) Rescuing Katrina's Four-Legged Victims


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Question: Houthi Drone Strikes Disrupt Almost Half Of Saudi Oil Exports

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Updated at 4:51 p.m. ET Yemen's Houthi rebels have claimed responsibility for drone strikes on two Saudi Aramco oil facilities early Saturday, according to a statement by a Houthi spokesman.  Reuters and The Wall Street Journal report that about half of the country's oil production has been disrupted, or 5 million barrels a day. Saudi Arabia produces approximately one-tenth of the world's crude oil, but for now, the impact on global oil prices is unknown, as markets are closed for the weekend. According to the website of Al-Masirah, a Houthi-run satellite news channel, spokesman Yahya Saree vowed additional attacks if Saudi coalition forces did not withdraw from Yemen.  Saudi Arabia's Interior Ministry confirmed the strikes on the oil-processing facility in Abqaiq and an oil field in Khurais, both owned by state-owned Saudi Aramco. Abqaiq is about 230 miles away from the Saudi capital of Riyadh, and the field in Khurais is 100 miles away. According to Aramco's website, the facility in Abqaiq is both the company's largest oil processing facility and the largest crude oil stabilization plant in the world, playing a "pivotal role" in the company's operations. Bob Tippee, editor of the trade publication Oil and Gas Journal, said that the facility in Abqaiq held light crude oil as opposed to heavy crude oil, which requires more intense refining to remove sulfur and other impurities. He said that factories that are built to refine only light crude oil may not be able to find another crude exporter to fill the gap during the disruption. "If the light crude that's been disrupted cannot be replaced with light crude of similar grade and similar quality immediately, which it probably cannot, there will be some problems in the market," Tippee said.  The attack also throws into question a rumored initial public offering of 5% of Aramco's stock, for which the company had hired nine banks, including  JPMorgan Chase & Co and Morgan Stanley, Reuters reported. Tippee said the offering, which is expected to raise $100 billion, is part of Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman's Vision 2030 plan to reduce the kingdom's dependence on the price of crude oil. Videos posted online showed several large fires and plumes of smoke presumably at the Abqaiq facility, as well as the sounds of apparent gunfire in the area surrounding the plant. The Saudi Press Agency reported that Aramco security had controlled the fires at both facilities. No casualties have been reported. The Abqaiq plant was attacked in 2006 by al-Qaida in a failed suicide bomb attack, NPR reported.  Houthi rebels, partnered with Iran, have clashed with a Saudi-led coalition since March 2015, after the rebels ousted Yemeni President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi in January of that year. The Houthi rebels now control large parts of northern Yemen and have launched similar strikes on oil facilities and airports in Saudi Arabia this year. A cease-fire between the Houthis and Saudi-backed government forces was agreed to in December, but has not held.  The Saudi coalition is bolstered in part by the United States, through logistics and intelligence support, as well as weapons sales and aerial refueling.  In the aftermath of Saturday's drone strikes, President Trump spoke with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammad Bin Salman "to offer his support for Saudi Arabia's self-defense," the White House said in a statement. "The United States strongly condemns today's attack on critical energy infrastructure. Violent actions against civilian areas and infrastructure vital to the global economy only deepen conflict and mistrust," the statement read.   In a separate statement on Twitter, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo blamed the attack on Iran and accused the nation's president, Hassan Rouhani, and Foreign Affairs Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif of duplicity.  "Tehran is behind nearly 100 attacks on Saudi Arabia while Rouhani and Zarif pretend to engage in diplomacy. Amid all the calls for de-escalation, Iran has now launched an unprecedented attack on the world's energy supply. There is no evidence the attacks came from Yemen."   The war in Yemen has strained relations between Congress and Trump, after Trump vetoed a bipartisan bill that would have ceased U.S. involvement in the coalition by invoking the 1973 War Powers Act. A measure to override the veto failed by 14 votes.  The political clash came after the October 2018 dismemberment of journalist Jamal Khashoggi at the Saudi Consulate in Istanbul, which the Senate blamed on Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in another resolution introduced in December 2018. The Trump administration has declined to confirm or deny a CIA report concluding that the crown prince had ordered Khashoggi's assassination, and vetoed resolutions to halt the sale of arms to Saudi Arabia in July.  Tehran's support for the Houthi rebels could escalate the confrontation between the U.S. and Iran over the 2015 nuclear deal, which Trump pulled out of in 2018. Immediately after the withdra

Good morning - here are our early stories: Obama, Romney Trade Jokes; Critics Aim At Obama's 'Optimal' Comment. Malala Stands For First Time Since Being Shot By Taliban, Doctors Say. And these headlines: Ill. Rep. Joe Walsh Says Abortions Not Needed To Save Women's Lives. (Politico) Syrian Jets Drop Cluster Bombs On Rebel Town, Killing Civilians. (AFP) Turkey Retaliates Again After Syrian Shells Fall Into Its Territory. (Al-Arabiya) North And South Korea Trade War Threats Over Provocative Leaflets. (Korea Times) Following Alleged Rape, Curfew Imposed On All U.S. Military Personnel In Japan. (Stars and Stripes) Amtrak High Speed Train To Travel 110 MPH In Illinois Today In Midwest. (AP) Sandusky Seeks New Trial, Claims Insufficient Evidence To Convict Him. (CNN)


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Given ['represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth\nExamples:\nProvided: Princeton University Agrees To Nearly $1 Million In Back Pay To Female Professors Match: One of the nation\'s most prestigious universities has agreed to pay nearly $1 million in back pay to female professors following allegations of pay discrimination. The Ivy League university will pay $925,000 in back pay and at least $250,000 in future wages, as part of an agreement announced by the U.S. Department of Labor.  The agreement resolves pay disparities uncovered by a multi-year investigation  that affected more than 100 female full professors, the Labor Department\'s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs said. The federal government\'s investigation found between 2012 and 2014, pay disparities at the university "existed for 106 female employees in the full professor position," the Labor Department said.  If confirmed, those findings would appear to violate federal equal opportunity laws.   The New Jersey-based university entered what is known as an "early resolution conciliation agreement." A university spokesperson said in an e-mailed statement to NPR that it accepted the agreement to forgo what would likely be a costly and drawn out litigation process.    Princeton did not admit any liability in the investigation, Ben Chang, a spokesperson from Princeton, said in an emailed statement. He said that university officials did an internal analysis during the two year period the Labor Department says it was in violation, but found "no meaningful pay disparities based on gender." "The University contested the OFCCP\'s allegation because it was based on a flawed statistical model that grouped all full professors together regardless of department and thus bore no resemblance to how the University actually hires, evaluates, and compensates its faculty," he said.   Chang said the Labor Department began its review of Princeton almost a decade ago.   The university was notified that the government "was closing the review with no finding of discrimination," according to Chang, but he added that the OFCCP took up the review again for what he described as "unexplained reasons." As part of the agreement, Princeton is also going to "enhance future compliance proactively," according to the Labor Department, including conducting pay equity trainings and statistical analyses to see if disparities exist now. "The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs is satisfied that Princeton University has pursued an early resolution conciliation agreement, and addressed the issues found in our review," Craig E. Leen, the OFCCP\'s director, said in a statement.  "Early resolution conciliation agreements are an effective tool for contractors to ensure equitable pay to employees, enhance internal salary equity reviews, and proactively correct any disparities uncovered," Leen said. Hard Negative: Good morning - here are some stories we\'re following today: Luxury Cars Do Poorly In New Type Of Crash Test. Unsealed Documents \'Hint At The Evidence\' In Colorado Shootings. N.J. Gov. Chris Christie, Fla. Senator Marco Rubio To Give Key Speeches At Republican National Convention. (National Journal) Western Wildfires Destroy Homes, Leave One Firefighter Dead. (AP) Defected Syrian Prime Minister Claims Assad Regime Is Collapsing. (BBC) In A Change, Iran Now Welcomes Aid For Earthquake Victims. (VOA) French Youths Clash With Police For Second Night. (Reuters) Violence Turns Deadly Between Two Unions At South African Platinum Mine. (AllAfrica.com) Educational Accrediting Agency Issues Warning To Penn State. (USA Today) Conn. Woman Wrongly Billed For 25 Years For Streetlights, Gets Refund. (Hartford Courant)', 'Global Warming Solutions Act'], a positive would be ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "The California Air Resources Board will take two significant votes, kick-starting the state's efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions. It's part of the Global Warming Solutions Act created by the legislature and governor last year."] & a negative would be ['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.']

Question: Fat Tuesday, California Style

The sun is up, the polls are opening across the Golden State, and for political watchers one of the most interesting California primaries in modern times is finally here.
It¿s going to be a long day, especially for the political operatives who have pulled marathon days in support of both presidential candidates and ballot measure campaigns. [...]

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Young Canadian Pianist Angela

Young Canadian pianist Angela Hewitt performs the Prelude and Fugue in A minor, S. 894, by Johann Sebastian Bach. Recorded in concert earlier this year at Columbia University in New York. (Miller Theatre Audio)

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Ableism On Campus By: Meghan Crowley, Alessandra Tucker, Tristin Roholt, Carly Murbach & Emily Robinett, Tulane University Being A College Student During A Pandemic By: Sophie Laclef, Dickinson College Crop Tops and Catcalls  By: Kendall Grace Harrison, Linfield University The Griot Podcast: Sylvia By: Olivia Jobe, Goucher College Hawaiian Pidgin By: Jacob "Coby" Aloi, Hamline University History of Famous Phrases By: Gavin Berger, Leah Ettinger, and Chris Ashe, Ithaca College International Crises Need More Bra Support Than Women By: Sonia M. Hernandez, Wellesley College Marriage And Quarantine By: Bernadette Fox, Metropolitan State University The Memphis Country Blues Festival By: Emma Jane Hopper, Elijah Matlock, Cam Napier, Betsy John & Shaliz Barzani, Rhodes College Mothers Of Green Gables By: Tricia De Souza, Williams College Recycling and the Danger of Altruism By: Asher Eller Wertheimer, Olivet College SeroTunein: Having Skin in the Game  By: Kurien Thomas, University of Virginia The Social Media Hermit: Puerto Rico By: Keith Anstead, Community College of Baltimore County Three Generations of Dating By: Liv Glassman, Northwestern University Within The Walls By: Nathaly Sanchez & Hortencia Diaz, Linfield University


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Question: Move Over Vodka; Korean Soju's Taking A Shot At America

Every year, the trade magazine Drinks International puts out a list of the top-selling alcohols in the world, and in the category of spirits, there is one brand that more than doubles the sales of its closest competitor every year. Smirnoff, Jack Daniel's and Bacardi don't even come close. That top-seller is South Korea's Jinro soju, a clear spirit traditionally made of rice. It's about 20-percent alcohol and has a light, slightly sweet taste. The reason you've probably never heard of it is because Jinro does less than 5 percent of its sales in the U.S. It makes up for that by dominating the market in South Korea, and doing brisk business in Japan and China. Now, Jinro's American operation wants to expand, and it's getting some help from a major spokesperson — Korean pop star PSY, whose "Gangnam Style" music video is now closing in on 2 billion views. "The Korean culture is now becoming the hip culture," says Patty Kang, who runs advertising strategy for Jinro America. Kang, who is herself Korean-American, she says she recently saw this play out at a K-Pop concert in L.A. "There were about 20,000 screaming teenagers, and I would say about 80 percent of the screaming teenagers were non-Korean," she says. "It shocked me!" And, of course, Kang says, Korean-Americans are already sold on Soju. "I mean, we're not alcoholics, so we don't have it at every single meal, but if it's any type of gathering — friends, family, whatnot — Soju is always there," she says. "It just goes with the food." Soju, Soju Everywhere In an effort to reach people who have no connection to Korean culture, Jinro has partnered with the Los Angeles Dodgers and started selling soju at games. They've also got PSY up on billboards around L.A. "We want to be at every store. Like everybody could just go into a store and see soju there," says Tae Kim, sales and marketing manager for Jinro America. "That's our main goal." But Hamish Smith — deputy editor of Drinks International and the author of this year's report — calls that goal unrealistic. He says there is a precedent for a new spirit entering the American market: In the 1950s, vodka was a foreign alcohol trying to make it big in the U.S. and now it's the top-selling spirit here. "You might argue that if vodka could do it — a Russian-Polish spirit, white spirit — then why not?" Smith says. "But I kind of feel like that place has been filled." Soju has one key advantage over vodka, though, and that's alcohol content. Because it's around 20 percent, restaurants in some places don't need a full liquor license to sell soju, just a beer and wine license, which is easier and cheaper to get. Lower-Proof Cocktail Material Bank of Venice, a bar in California's Venice Beach, sells soju versions of mojitos, margaritas and other cocktails. Bartender Megan Cross explains, "if you take vodka, its characteristics are colorless, flavorless, odorless. That's premium. So soju, in some respects, is the same, but just lower proof. So it lends itself to be manipulated." And even though soju has less alcohol content, the bartender can always just double the volume. But it isn't always an easy sell on tourist-heavy Venice Beach. "It's hit and miss," Cross says. "Because of our location, you are getting the people that just want to get wasted, that just want a shot of Jameson. And it's hard to say, 'I'm not full liquor [licensed], but I have soju.' And it's like, 'What language are you speaking?'" Still, they must be doing something right. Thomas Elliott, who owns Bank of Venice as well as another bar that mixes soju cocktails, says the decision to serve soju has nothing to do with Korean culture and everything to do with his bottom line. "It's absolutely a business decision," he says. "It's either have an alternative for your customers who want a different kind of a beverage, or not be able to serve them." Despite lingering skepticism, there's every indication that Jinro will outsell all its competitors again next year, with or without the U.S. ARUN RATH, HOST:  Here's a story with a twist: the world's best-selling brand of alcoholic spirit is something most Americans have never heard of, let alone tasted. So if you're thinking whiskey, tequila, vodka, nope. It's not Smirnoff or Jack Daniel's. It's not Bacardi rum. None of those. The trade magazine Drinks International's annual list of top-selling alcohols in the world is led this year by another dominant brand. NPR's Tom Dreisbach has the answer and the story of how the best-selling brand in the world is trying to connect in America. TOM DREISBACH, BYLINE: Those other brands, they don't even come close. Every year, this drink more than doubles the sales of the next closest competitor. And it manages that feat with the help of one major spokesperson. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "GANGNAM STYLE") DREISBACH: That's right, Psy from Korea is the spokesperson, and the top-selling brand in the world is Korea's Jinro soju. It's a clear spirit traditionally made of rice, about 20 p

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Stories: 1) How 'Italian Food' Became A Global Sensation 2) Cyro Baptista: Sounds From Everywhere, Evoking Home 3) How Western Diets Are Making The World Sick 4) 'We're Broke': Empty Bank Accounts, Empty Meaning?


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For example, '['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "Passion Pit's Good 'Manners'"]' should have a representation like '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Listening to Boston\'s Passion Pit is a lot like going out dancing; it\'s easy to get caught up in the music and lose yourself. But the group has more to offer than just catchy hooks. Its brand of shiny electro-pop combines bright, danceable aesthetics with emotionally charged lyrics. The band first attracted fans after the release of 2008\'s Chunk of Change EP. Originally recorded by vocalist and keyboardist Michael Angelakos as a Valentine\'s Day present for his girlfriend, the six-song record took off and became a minor hit. With the help of the track "Sleepyhead," the release picked up steam, attracting attention from outlets such as MTV and the BBC. The exposure paid off, helping the group earn record contracts here and overseas. The result is Manners, Passion Pit\'s upbeat and highly danceable new release. Angelakos\' falsetto shines through the eclectic sounds provided by keyboardist Ian Hultquist, bassist Jeff Apruzzese, drummer Nate Donmoyer and DJ Ayad Al Adhamy. This Segment Originally Ran 10/9/09']' but very far from '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Stories: 1) Actor Paul Rudd, Rewriting the Commandments 2) Massacre's 'Lonely Heart,' Claudia Quintet's 'For'"]'.

Question: Conway Should Be Investigated For Plugging Ivanka Trump Products, Ethics Agency Says

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Office of Government Ethics Director Walter M. Shaub Jr. is recommending an investigation and possible disciplinary action be taken against Kellyanne Conway, senior adviser to President Trump, for urging shoppers to buy fashion products sold by Trump's daughter Ivanka. "Under the present circumstances, there is strong reason to believe that Ms. Conway has violated the Standards of Conduct and that disciplinary action is warranted," Shaub wrote in a letter to White House deputy counsel Stefan C. Passantino. Conway appeared on Fox and Friends Thursday morning, where she addressed Nordstrom's recent decision to stop selling Ivanka Trump's line of products because of what it said were poor sales. "Go buy Ivanka's stuff is what I would tell you. I hate shopping, and I'm gonna go get some on myself today," Conway said. Ivanka Trump has a successful line of clothing, jewelry and shoes that is carried by numerous retailers. But a boycott of Trump products got underway last year after the release of the infamous Access Hollywood video, in which Trump bragged about grabbing women by the genitals, and that appears to have hurt Ivanka's sales. Her product line "was successful enough that these companies would have all kept carrying it on its own merits had this not happened," says retail consultant Jan Rogers Kniffen. "They weren't just carrying it because it was Ivanka Trump selling it. They were carrying it because it was actually selling to a customer." In recent weeks, several large retailers have dropped all or part of the line, while others have chosen to de-emphasize it in their stores. "They're all just stepping out of the way. They're saying, 'We don't want to be in a fight with the president, but we don't want to be in a fight with our customers either. We're getting out of the way,' " Kniffen says. "She has tied herself to a very controversial figure that many women believe is trying to take them back to the 15th century. Anyone associated [with] Donald Trump is toxic," says Eric Schiffer, CEO of Reputation Management Consultants. But the retailers' decision did not sit well with President Trump, who accused Nordstrom in a tweet last week of treating his daughter "so unfairly." Conway echoed the charge on TV. White House spokesman Sean Spicer later said Conway had been "counseled" about her comments. Trump himself has not addressed Conway's remarks, and she told an interviewer later that day that she had the president's full support. Shaub said in the letter that his office had not received any indication of "disciplinary or other corrective action against Ms. Conway." The Republican chairman of the House Oversight Committee, Jason Chaffetz, and ranking minority member Elijah Cummings said in a letter that Conway's comments "appear to violate federal ethics regulations." Shaub said in his letter to the White House that Conway had violated rules "prohibiting employees from misusing their official positions." Robert Weissman, president of the liberal group Public Citizen, praised Shaub for seeking disciplinary action against Conway.  "We can only hope that the Trump White House responds positively to the call to discipline Kellyanne Conway for her transgressions — statements that never would have been made had she subjected herself to the most elementary standards. But forgive us if we don't hold our breath. Conway's promotion of Ivanka's products followed the example of President Trump and was intended to curry favor with the president (apparently successfully)."


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Question: Honduras On The Brink: Curfew Enforced By Military, Opposition Calls For New Election

The Honduran government suspended constitutional rights and called for the military to enforce a curfew and disperse protesters over the weekend after a contested election plunged the Central American country into a political crisis. Honduras is in a state of hostile uncertainty, where ambiguity regarding the outcome of elections has led to deadly confrontations with state forces. On Saturday, The Associated Press reported that the main opposition candidate Salvador Nasralla called for the presidential elections to be held again.  " 'I have asked them to repeat the elections, but only those for the presidency, with the aim of resolving the crisis that Honduras is suffering,' Nasralla told The Associated Press. But he said the new election 'would be under the supervision of an international electoral tribunal, not the local one, because there aren't sufficient conditions to guarantee' the vote would be fair."  Supporters of Nasralla, who represents the Opposition Alliance Against the Dictatorship coalition, took to the streets in response to the contested election, saying the voting results were manipulated in order for current, U.S.-friendly President Juan Orlando Hernandez to remain in power. The government announced on Friday that a curfew will be in effect for 10 days, from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. Regardless of the military-enforced curfew, messages circulating through social media called for a mass demonstration to take place on Saturday night. In the early hours of Saturday morning, protests in Tegucigalpa — the country's capital — turned deadly, when 19-year-old Kimberly Dayana Fonseca was shot and killed as troops opened fire on unarmed protesters, The Guardian reported. Honduras is one of the most violent countries in the Western Hemisphere, where gang and drug violence make it hold one of the world's highest murder rates. The past week in Honduras has been a turbulent roller coaster, where the disputed election results have further shoved the country towards a crumbling ledge. A week of waiting President Hernandez, who represents the right-wing National Party, had been running for a second term. A report from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace earlier this year criticized the president's efforts to consolidate the Honduran government under his party, and the website The Intercept recently reported on Hernandez's alleged links to drug trafficking. However, after taking office in early 2014, Hernandez's tough anti-crime push won support among many Hondurans. Nasralla, a former sportscaster, challenged Hernandez by running on a platform of fighting corruption under an alliance of various center-left and left-wing parties. Prior to the elections held last Sunday, rumblings of electoral fraud had been spreading. A day earlier, The Economist released a report on an obtained recording, where alleged members of Hernandez's National Party could be heard planning to rig the election. The magazine did not confirm the recording's authenticity. Almost 10 hours passed after voting ended before the electoral commission — run by members of the incumbent's National Party — released any information, The New York Times reported. On Monday, Nasralla had taken the lead, with 57 percent of the votes counted by the commission. The opposition candidate had 45 percent of the vote, a 5-point lead to Hernandez's 40 percent. Nasralla declared himself the winner. But the electoral commission then stalled, failing to release information as the country waited anxiously for the rest of the results to come in. This prompted European Union election observers to place pressure on officials for a quicker release of information. Counting resumed on Tuesday afternoon, but the gap began to close. Both Nasralla and Hernandez signed an Organization of American States agreement, where they agreed to accept the commission's results. Then, as the AP reports, the electoral court's computer systems allegedly failed, forcing the country to wait even longer for the results. Nasralla backtracked on the OAS agreement, saying the National Party commission's irregularities were proof of electoral fraud. When the court's system returned, President Hernandez was shown to be winning by a small margin. Nasralla called for his supporters to take to the streets and protest against Hernandez, calling the election process a "cheating system." On Sunday morning, the commission's website showed the president still holding a lead. "The Embassy of the United States of America reiterates its call for all Hondurans to refrain from violence while the result of the November 26 presidential election remain pending," tweeted Heide Fulton, the U.S. chargé d'affaires in Honduras. "Public gatherings should remain peaceful, as required by Honduran law." Nando Destephen, a Honduran journalist living in Tegucigalpa, spoke with NPR and said protesters had blocked off the road on which the election court sits. "There is a generation of youth that does not accept it anym

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Good morning - we're following these stories today: Wildfire In Southern Idaho Is Growing Quickly. International Criminal Court Jails Congolese Warlord For Forcing Children Into Combat. (BBC) Annan Travels To Tehran For Help In Solving Syrian Conflict. (Los Angeles Times) Egypt's Parliament Defies Military And Meets Briefly; Looks To Court For Guidance. (Guardian) Ex-Barclay's CEO Will Give Up $31 Million In Bonuses. (AFP) Man Who Took Hostages At French School Now Under Arrest, No Injuries. (AP) Moderate Libyan Group Holds Early Lead In National Parliamentary Election Votes. (Bloomberg) Episcopal Bishops Will Briefly Test Official Prayer Service For Same Sex Couples. (AP) Hurricane Emilia Swirls In Pacific With 140 MPH Winds, Doesn't Threaten Land. (NHC) Detroit Slugger Prince Fielder Wins All-Star Home Run Derby. Again. (ESPN)


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Question: British Police Apprehend Drug Suspect Using Cheese Photo

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Carl Stewart posted a photo on a messaging app — he's holding Stilton cheese. Police were monitoring the site, and a fingerprint specialist used the photo of the hand to match Stewart with a crime.

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Good morning, we're looking at these stories today: Assad Names New Prime Minister, Fighting Continues In Aleppo. Done In a Day: China Wraps Up Murder Trial Of Once-Prominent Politician's Wife. Gunmen Attack Egyptian Police Station In Sinai; Follows Militant Attack On Egyptian Border Post. (UPI) George Zimmerman To Seek New 'Stand Your Ground' Hearing In Case Of Shooting Of Treyvon Martin. (Central Florida News) Home Foreclosures Fell In July, But More Homes Started The Foreclosure Process. (Philadelphia Inquirer) U.S. Assists In Agent Orange Cleanup Project In Vietnam. (Reuters) Russia's Prime Minister To Publically Blame Officials Responsible For Failed Satellite Launch. (RIA Novosti) Sick American Rescued From Antarctica Research Station, Flown To New Zealand. (ABC) Homeless Miami Man Describes Cannibalistic Attack That Destroyed Parts Of His Face. (Miami Herald) Oscar Pistorious, South African 'Blade Runner', Denied Chance To Run In Olympic Relay. (BBC)


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Question: Book review: <I>My Wars Are Laid Away In Books</I>

Book critic Maureen Corrigan reviews My Wars Are Laid Away In Books (Random House), the new biography of Emily Dickinson by Alfred Habegger.

Alan Cheuse reviews two new collections of stories: The Spot by David Means and If I Loved You, I Would Tell You This by Robin Black.


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Question: Fidel Castro 'Is Fine,' His Son Tells State-Friendly Blogger

Fidel Castro's son, Alex Castro, is batting away rumors that his father, the former leader of Cuba, had died. "The commander is fine, doing his daily things, reading, exercising," Alex Castro said. Castro made the comments to Cuban blogger Yohandry Fontana, whom El Nuevo Herald calls an "officialist." In other words, someone in a position to channel the official Communist Party line. The Spanish wire agency EFE further reports that the comments were also picked up by Cuba's official news agency. As El Nuevo Herald writes the rumors of Fidel Castro's demise have swirled for a day now, especially because the last time Castro was photographed was in March, when he met with Pope Benedict XVI. The 86-year-old Castro handed over power to his brother Raúl back in 2006, when he underwent intestinal surgery. From what we've been able to find, the rumors are being driven by the reporting of Nelson Bocaranda, a well-known Venezuelan journalist. Saying he had received calls from "friends," Bocaranda said that we would hear about Castro's demise in "72 hours." That was about 24 hours ago. Today Bocaranda did not back down from his previous statement tweeting, "They're expecting the arrival of Juanita Castro from Miami. She was invited by her brother Raúl to make an 'important family announcement.'" Of course none of this reporting likely matters: News in Cuba, especially about the health of Castro, is a closely guarded secret and nothing will be official until the government decides to release it. When that happens, we'll probably hear it from either a televised address or through the Communist Party's official newspaper Granma.

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It's Friday, and we're following these stories: Real-Life Horror: Many Killed, Dozens Wounded At Colorado Movie Theater. Syrian Intelligence Official Dies From Damascus Bombing; 4th Assad Aide To Perish. (Reuters) Syria Denies Russian Envoy's Statement That Assad Ready To Step Down. (RiaNovosti) European Finance Ministers Prepared To Offer Spain Bailout Loan. (Irish Times) Russian Police Arrest 4 In Murders Of Russian Muslim Leaders. (BBC) Non-Muslims In Saudi Arabia Must Observe Ramadan Fasting Traditions, Or Leave. (AP) South Korea Increases Readiness After North Korea Shakes Up Military Leadership. (VOA) Viacom, DirecTV Settle Fee Dispute; 17 Darkened Channels Will Be Restored. (CNET) Racial Profiling Case Against Arizona Sheriff Opens In Federal Court. (Los Angeles Times) Australia Reviews Travel Policies After Male Olympic Basketball Players Fly In Business Class While Women Take Economy. (Sydney Morning Herald)


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Question: Reporter's Notebook: In Small-Town Russia, 'Football Is My Life'

My father parks the car and gestures toward the ground-level window of a squat red-brick apartment building, pocked with jutted-out balconies. "This was my room," he says. "Mom would send me off to do homework, but I'd go quietly to the window — hop! — and off to the stadium." As in: a few leaps to cross the street, jump the fence and there you are. "We had no other life except for school, mandatory, and everything else was at the stadium," he says. This was his Soviet Union in the 1960s. Hockey in the winter, soccer in the summer. (Though, of course, my Russian father would never call football "soccer.") Millions of Russian adults and children play soccer. In covering the World Cup, I asked dozens of Russians how long they've been watching or following soccer. It's been so long, many couldn't remember. Since elementary school? Maybe since middle school? One young woman said she was born wrapped in a football flag. In my father's hometown of Otradny ("Joyful," pop. 50,000), the stadium is about 50 miles from the brand-new Samara Arena hosting some of this year's World Cup matches. He now lives in Samara, but we've returned to meet one of his best friends from childhood, whose whole life has been devoted to the sport. The two of them grew up in apartments next door to each other. Both are named Aleksandr, both are the same age. In the 1970s, they both played for the town soccer team called "Neftyanik" ("Oilworker," after the profession that created this town after World War II). My father's friend, Aleksandr Purgayev, is still on that team — he's the coach. "Football is my life, it's everything," Purgayev says, standing over the desk in his office piled with black-and-white photos of young men in jerseys posing with or rushing after a soccer ball. Trophies and plaques are propped up everywhere there's a flat surface. More of them are downstairs, by the main entrance, glistening in a grand display case. His team is one of the best in the region. They win so many tournaments that Purgayev has to put on glasses and read the engraving to recall what each trophy is for. Players regularly go on to professional leagues and become coaches; one guy became a goalkeeper on the national team for beach soccer. Here in Otradny, the players do get paid, but they're amateurs with other day jobs. Except for Purgayev, for whom soccer is the day job. "For a long time now, all my family has understood," he says, "my wife and kids, they know — they used to say, 'You and your football!' but now they say, 'Dad is at work.' " Purgayev and my father both say there probably isn't a single Russian guy who's never watched a match. Purgayev says their town games draw all kinds of people — up to a thousand in the stands — a lot of retired men, sure, but also girls, women with children. As far as sport goes, soccer is pretty accessible. It doesn't require expensive equipment, just some shoes and a patch of dirt. It's just something you do as a kid, during recess in school, with friends in the yard, or in today's case, a fancy field. On one side of Otradny's stadium is a cluster of tiny children, maybe 5 or 6 years old, kicking the ball around. On another side, a tall man towers over a squad of teenagers. His name is Valeriy Kruntiayev. His own soccer career had started here before he went off to several football academies, played semi-pro and pro, got an education degree and came back to train the next generation — and play on Purgayev's adult team. "I remember when I was little," Kruntiayev says, "we had a shortage of players and our coach went to different schools and talked to boys, trying to convince them to come to practice. But now we don't have such a problem, we might get 30, 40, even 50 people coming. Everyone wants to train." The changing room bursts into raucous laughter when Kruntiayev summons one member of the team to talk to the reporter lady. The team is all teenage boys, except for one, who's a teenage girl. Amir Tabarov comes bounding out. He's 14 and the captain of the team. He tells me his favorite players are Portugal's Cristiano Ronaldo, Brazil's Ronaldinho — and his older brother, who is currently on Otradny's adult men's team and inspired him to get into soccer. The World Cup is motivation to try to make it onto Russia's national team in time for the next tournament, Tabarov says. "It'll be in four years, I'll be 18 years old," he says. "Maybe I'll be representing Russia." Coach Kruntiayev is wearing a "Russia 2018 FIFA World Cup" T-shirt at today's practice — he says he's been using the matches as material for training and has even overheard the little preschoolers discussing the games. "You watch TV and think it's like a parallel universe that you'll never see or know except on TV," he says. "But here you realize [the famous players] are real, and here they are in Samara. You can go there and see." STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:  Now, at the World Cup in Russia, one group of fans is watching with special interest - Russians

Stories: 1) How Companies Are 'Defining Your Worth' Online 2) After 'Putin's Kiss,' A Young Girl's Change Of Heart


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Stop in the name of budget; An unsurprising sequel; The hole truth.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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The query could be '['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', 'Antibiotic Resistance']' and should be close to '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Feeding antibiotics to cattle and chickens can lead to drug-resistant bacteria in people, according to a new analysis. The analysis shows that the practice causes animals to harbor resistant germs, which eventually reach people. NPR's Richard Knox reports."]' but very far from '['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.']'

Question: Netanyahu Faces Primary Challenge

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is fighting for his political life heading to elections in March. But first he has to pass Thursday's hurdle: a party primary.

Lethal Injection On Trial. Greenhouse Gas Bill To Be Signed as Legal Fights Continue. End Music.


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Question: The Teenage Brain: Spock Vs. Captain Kirk

This story was written for the series, "Being 12: The Year Everything Changes," from member station WNYC. If adolescence has a poster child, it's a teenager. In a car. Smoking, drinking, and driving badly while also, somehow, having sex in the back seat. But changes in the brain that lead to the famously bad choices of adolescence don't start at 16 or 17 years old. They start around 11 or 12 and the beginning of puberty. This is the dirty little secret of adolescence: The cloudy judgment and risky behavior may not last a year or two. Try a decade. To understand why, let's start with an experiment. At Temple University, psychology professor Laurence Steinberg and his team put a bunch of adolescents into an FMRI machine — a brain scanner — and asked them to play a driving game. "Your perspective is that of a person behind the wheel," Steinberg says, describing the set-up. "And you come to a series of intersections, and the lights turn yellow. And you have to decide whether to put the brakes on or not." Now, what do you think the adolescents did in this situation? Wrong. They did not blow through the yellow every time. "When adolescents are playing this game by themselves, they don't take any more chances than adults do when they're playing it by themselves," Steinberg says. And that's a big deal. Because the adolescent brain gets a bad rep for being consistently impulsive. Steinberg hopes his latest book, Age of Opportunity, will help set the record straight: Being 12 (or 17) doesn't mean a kid's hard-wired to always make bad choices. Why, then, do adolescents still make so many bad choices? To find out, Steinberg added a twist to his experiment. He gave his subjects an adolescent crowd. "This doubles the number of chances that adolescents take," Steinberg says, "but has no effect on the number of chances adults take." In short, an adolescent's weakness is other adolescents. And we're not just talking about peer pressure. The mere presence of peers makes them less cautious. One reason, says B.J. Casey, a neuroscientist at Weill Cornell Medical College, is that "the brain is being marinated in gonadal hormones" during adolescence. Another big reason: The prefrontal cortex is still a work-in-progress. And it serves a vital role in our decision-making. The prefrontal cortex "helps to link past experiences to the current situation," Casey says, "and, at the same time, consider what the future consequences are of choices and actions that are made." The prefrontal cortex is our voice of reason. Steinberg calls it the brain's CEO. Casey likens it to Mr. Spock from Star Trek, coldly calculating a life's worth of cost-benefit analyses. Casey's analogy doesn't stop there. To her, Captain Kirk is the limbic system — the emotional center of the brain that's always on the lookout for threats and rewards. When it spots either, it sends a message to the prefrontal cortex. Because the limbic system can't make sense of these things on its own. It needs the prefrontal cortex. Kirk needs Spock. Here's the problem. For kids in adolescence, the prefrontal cortex is still developing, and it can't keep up with the limbic system as it goes into reward-seeking warp speed. "It's as if these emotional regions hijack the prefrontal systems," Casey says, "and it leads to a choice that they make that's a bad one. And they even know it's a bad one." Which brings us full-circle to Steinberg's driving experiment. The limbic system doesn't just flag rewards in things like alcohol and sex. A 12-year-old gets a kind of high simply by being around other adolescents. They're wired to seek each other out and develop the skills they'll need to leave their parents, feed and protect themselves, and raise children. In the short-term, that means cloudy judgment and risky behavior. But adolescence is all about the long view.

represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth. For example, '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "President Barack Obama sits down for a private lunch today with former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, and later meets with Attorney General Eric Holder and civil rights leaders to discuss the Voting Rights Act. Meanwhile, outside of Washington the Senate race in Kentucky is beginning to heat up. On Tuesday, Senator Mitch McConnell’s Democratic challenger Alison Lundergan Grimes will officially announce her candidacy. And this weekend, all of the Senate candidates will come together at the annual Fancy Farm Picnic in western Kentucky. \nRelated:\xa0Kentucky Senate Race Will Be One Of 2014′s Most Watched\n\nGuest\n\nCharlie Mahtesian, politics editor for NPR Digital News. He tweets\xa0@charlieNPR.\n ROBIN YOUNG, HOST:  It's HERE And NOW. And let's look at the week ahead in politics. President Obama is lunching today with former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. Will Anthony Weiner's name come up? Also, there will be a picnic later this week in Kentucky. Senator Mitch McConnell will be defending his seat, not at that picnic table but in the Senate. NPR's digital politics editor Charlie Mahtesian is here. Hi, Charlie. CHARLIE MAHTESIAN, BYLINE: Hi, Robin. YOUNG: Well, start with today. The president's lunch. We know there's also a meeting today, Israeli and Palestinian leaders, very big deal. Maybe it's a courtesy that the former secretary of state is invited to lunch. But what else is this about? MAHTESIAN: Well, that's exactly the question to be asking. The prospect of a private lunch between Secretary Clinton and the president is just endlessly fascinating for both policy and political reasons. Now, there's been no official word from the White House about what's on the agenda, but the meeting naturally is going to be closely watched because of the arc of their relationships since the 2008 presidential primary. But I think it's worth noting that this isn't - this isn't the first time they've met privately like this. You might remember that not long after Secretary Clinton stepped down this year, the Obamas had a long and formal dinner with the Clintons in the private White House residence. YOUNG: Well - and look, there's been speculation that not at the table but very much maybe on the minds of the people at the lunch, mayoral candidate Anthony Weiner. Remind us of the many complications that spiral out from his current scandal, the sexting, to Hillary Clinton. MAHTESIAN: Well, there's been some chatter that, you know, it could reflect poorly on Secretary Clinton, and there are reports that the Clintons are angry that Weiner appears to be encouraging comparisons between his sex scandal and the trouble the Clintons faced in the 1990s. And you know, obviously that's not the kind of discussion that the Clintons would want revived. But I think the real problem is probably more personal in nature rather than political. The Clinton family is extremely close to Weiner's wife, Huma Abedin, with Hillary Clinton going so far as to once compare her to a second daughter, and also Bill Clinton officiated over her marriage to Anthony Weiner a few years back. So naturally on a very human level the Clintons would be disturbed by the way in which the Weiner scandal has played out and the betrayal that's at the heart of it. YOUNG: Well, and there's, you know, there's more tendrils here. Huma Abedin also has a consulting deal with the State Department. You know, people are looking more closely at that. And people are saying that if Hillary Clinton wanted to, couldn't she end Anthony Weiner's campaign and stop these comparisons? MAHTESIAN: No question about it. A single public statement, she could probably just write one line on a public statement and release it and that would be the end of it. But naturally that would be pretty awkward. It would get a lot of press that probably they wouldn't like. So what you're seeing, I think, in many ways in the reports and through various television shows, you see lots of Clinton confidants and former staffers sending very powerful signals about where the Clintons stand, even if the Clintons themselves aren't saying anything publicly. YOUNG: Yeah. Well, and just by the way, we want to go on with other politics more based in Washington, but just your thoughts. Can - what is the thinking, and the thinking in Washington as much as New York - can Anthony Weiner survive maybe not just pressure from the White House but the New York press, brutal covers? One on The New Yorker just came out, Weiner straddling the Empire State Building. One on the front of the Daily News, peeling a carrot, with all of the overtones. I mean can - what's the thinking? MAHTESIAN: Well, I mean he's grown accustomed to it in many ways since the first bout with the sexting scandal in 2011, and he's been getting pounded just day after day after day. And so I think in some way he's, you know, almost impervious to the criticism at this point. I think the larger problem is if you take a look at the first poll that came out l"]' should be close to '['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Politics This Week: From Hillary Clinton To Kentucky Senate Race']'

Stories: 1) Do You See What I See? A Scientist's Journey Into 3-D 2) Dr. John: Righteous Anger, Graced By Wit 3) Clunky Characters, Cancer Characterize 'Big C'


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Question: Critic Ted Libbey Joins

Critic Ted Libbey joins Martin for another of their weekly visits to the PT Basic Record Library. Today they scale new heights, as Ted recommends recordings of the "Alpine Symphony" by Richard Strauss.

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Stories: 1) Congressman, Civil Rights Icon John Lewis 2) Journalist, Author Ta-Nehisi Coates


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Question: Some Call For More Sharing In Ridesharing

Taxicabs are fighting tooth and nail against Uber, the company that enables car owners to drive part time or full time for pay, like cabbies. But behind this battle, there's another one brewing inside the world of ridesharing. Uber and its competitors in San Francisco are sparring over cash, over drivers, and over some basic values, too. But a researcher says branding the startups Uber and Lyft as ridesharing services isn't quite accurate. Now, an emerging set of services promises to be more about sharing. Chauffeur Vs. Your Friend With A Car Uber has raised $1.5 billion from private investors, and it has used some of its money to try to lure drivers away from the No. 2 ridesharing startup, Lyft. Lyft has raised $333 million (hardly chump change) and has paid to lure drivers back. I wanted to know, from the workers' perspective, if there are important differences between the two startups, so I took a bunch of Lyft rides and asked a few dozen of my drivers for their take. Here are some typical responses:  "The clientele from Uber, they expect way too much for what I'm not getting. They want water and phone chargers and gum and snacks," Erik Manning says. Theresa Guerrero says Lyft is more social: "Lyft passengers expect to sit in the front seat and have a conversation and share. Share!" Alonzo Hidalgo says Lyft is less pressure: "When you work for Lyft, it's basically your friend with a car. It's a different approach. I'm not your chauffeur. ... I'm your friend with a car."  While Uber is the luxury brand, Lyft is the hipster chic alternative: Passengers sit in the front seat and dive into conversations that feel like speed dating or bar counter confessional. Some say that's a key distinction in a city that is so fragmented between the tech haves and have-nots, people forget to fist bump. Taxis By Another Name? But others aren't so convinced. "When you think about the difference between a taxi, a sedan and Uber and Lyft — they're all kind of doing the same thing," says Benjamin Edelman, a professor at the Harvard Business School who studies Internet companies. "The most striking change is that Uber and Lyft will do it for a lower price." Edelman says he's not one to criticize a lower price, but he accuses Uber and Lyft of being "duplicitous" in how they brand their services as "sharing." For all their qualms with the legacy taxi industry, he says, the startups are in essence taxicabs that know how to use a smartphone for dispatch. Ridesharing was supposed to be different. As described in an article in the journal Transport Reviews, the movement started as a way to conserve resources in the U.S. during World War II. It evolved over the decades into a green movement to get cars off the streets. This new generation of startups could have used the awesome power of smartphones to help people going in the same direction find each other in real time. Instead, when you hop in an Uber or Lyft, Edelman says, "The driver is still a driver, driving in an unnecessary direction to get paid." And that makes sense, when you think about the pressures on the companies. Silicon Valley investors want a return. And it can be easier to make an existing market more efficient than to experiment with sharing cars the way we might share a bus. "I don't fault them for choosing the road that's more obvious and more straightforward. It's the natural play," Edelman says, "although it won't live up to the full technology's potential." A New Product In Sharing There is one experiment that could be a game changer. The startup Sidecar started testing a new service in May, called Shared Rides, for people who need a ride in the same direction. During the nearly three-month test period, the company says it got 13,000 requests for shared rides. While that's just a small fraction of all rides, CEO Sunil Paul says it's a strong indicator of future interest. He estimates that the U.S. taxi market is a $10-billion-a-year industry, and ridesharing could be 10 times that because it responds to the blue-collar commuter. "What we want to prove is that everyday people can use their smartphone to get back and forth from work, and we can deliver that at a very low cost," Paul says. "That is the big opportunity our investors are looking for, that we're looking for." The two giants in ridesharing recently announced they're trying out shared rides, too. Uber says UberPool is in test mode, and while it seems popular, it's too soon to tell if it'll be a core service. Lyft did not respond to NPR's request for details about Lyft Line. Paul says, "We intend to do it better than the others." ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:  In the ridesharing industry Uber is not the only game in town. Companies such as Lyft and others are also out there and they're also battling over identity - who they are and what they stand for. NPR's Aarti Shahani has that story from San Francisco. AARTI SHAHANI, BYLINE: Huber has raised 1.5 billion dollars from private investors and it has used some of

Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.


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Question: Escape The Noise: Watch 9 Lullabies From Austin

Nighttime is restless. Even in our sleep, we are moving in our dreams, or involuntarily flopping around the bed disturbing a loved one, be it a significant other, a dog. Lullabies are written to calm these restless minds, but maybe they should also recognize the motion of the day. The SXSW music festival certainly is restless and, for three years now, we've filmed some of our favorite artists performing quieter songs — you could call them lullabies — on hotel beds, off balconies, in art installations and wherever else we could rest and take a minute, to breathe and to listen. Below are nine South X Lullaby performances featuring Phoebe Bridgers, L.A. Salami, Lydia Ainsworth, Valerie June, Let's Eat Grandma, Jealous Of The Birds, Nick Hakim, DakhaBrakha and a duet between Nina Diaz & Y La Bamba's Luz Elena Mendoza.

Stories: 1) Saxophone Stylings, With A South-Asian Flair 2) Green Goes Blue With 'Grant's First Stand' 3) 'Her Peers': A Gutsy Anthology Of Women Writers


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Question: House Intelligence Committee Plans To Talk To More Trump Associates

David Greene talks to Democratic Rep. Mike Quigley of Illinois about congressional probes into President Trump, and where they'll go in the future. NPR's Scott Horsley weighs in on the topic.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- California Wildfires Spread, Spurred On By Strong Winds. -- U.S. Decision On Jerusalem Sparks Anger And Concern. -- Recount Likely In Close Atlanta Mayoral Race. -- 'French Elvis' Johnny Hallyday Dies At 74.  -- British Intelligence Reportedly Foils Plot To Kill Prime Minister. And here are more early headlines: House Delays Stop Gap Spending Bill Vote. (The Hill) Impeachment Articles To Be Introduced In House. (Washington Post) Trump, Jr. To Speak Privately To House Intel Committee. (NBC) Kirstjen Nielsen Confirmed As Homeland Security Secretary. (Politico) Russian Lawmakers To Bar Certain U.S. Media From Chamber. (Reuters)


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Question: Relief Act Means 'A Good Night's Sleep' For Food Industry, Says NYC Restaurateur

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Restaurants have been hit especially hard during the coronavirus pandemic, with more than 110,000 closing since March.  The coronavirus relief package signed by President Biden on Thursday includes $28.6 billion for independent and small-chain restaurants.  Previous relief bills have included loans — through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — for businesses, they came with conditions which many restaurants couldn't take on, or navigate. The Independent Restaurant Coalition, formed during the pandemic, called for more targeted, specific aid.  Chef Amanda Cohen, owner of New York City restaurant Dirt Candy and a co-founder of the coalition, said those in the restaurant industry breathed a sigh of relief when the bill became law.    "I'm sure it's the first time many of us had a good night's sleep in a year," she tells NPR's All Things Considered.  Dirt Candy, Cohen says, is considered a destination restaurant, meaning the majority of its profits come from tourists. With tourism still lagging, Dirt Candy continues to face major losses; the restaurant made just $500 on Tuesday night  — a far cry from its $12,000 pre-pandemic nightly average, she says.  The $28.6 billion "is enough money to take us through at least the end of the year, if not —  longer," Cohen says.  Here are some highlights of the interview:  Past relief measures have included PPP loans. The new measure includes grants, which is different. Why was that important to you? Well, restaurants cannot take on any more debt at this point. The PPP might turn into a grant for lots of people, it might also not. Forgiveness has really just started.  But this is founded on the idea that it is a grant. What is your understanding of the timing of when some of this help will reach you? I'm asking in part because there were a lot of glitches with the rollout of the PPP loans when people needed it really quickly. I think that we're probably looking at a couple of weeks, maybe a month, a little bit more. It is a new program.  It is coming out through the Small Business Association, the SBA. And one of the good things is that some restaurateurs are still working off their second PPP loan. So we have a little bit of time. But my guess is by mid-April, we should be up and running with the program.  Do you think it will ever come back to the way it was? I hope so, and I hope it comes back a little bit differently, actually. I think we've all had a year to reflect on how we want to run our businesses and how we can change them. And I think not this year, but maybe by 2022 you'll see an even better and stronger industry than it was beforehand. But it's definitely going to take some time. Vincent Acovino and Patrick Jarenwattananon produced and edited the audio story. Digital News intern Farah Eltohamy produced it for the Web.

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Good Friday morning, here are our early headlines: Kerry Warns North Korea, But Holds Out Hope For Diplomacy.  Dodgers' $147 Million Ace Greinke Breaks Collarbone In Brawl.  And here are more early headlines: Deadly Spring Storm Exits Midwest, Heads South. (AP) Authorities Intercept Suspicious Package Addressed To Controversial Arizona Sheriff. (Arizona Republic) Bankruptcy Judge Rejects $20 Million Severance For American Airlines CEO. (Dallas Morning News) NASDAQ Cuts Its CEO's Bonus Over Bungled Facebook IPO. (Reuters) Venezuelans To Vote On Sunday For Chavez Successor. (Bloomberg) Bailed Out Cyprus To Ask For Fresh Financial Help. (BBC) Early American Christian Hymnal Could Fetch $30 Million At Auction. (Christian Post) Seaweed Latte, Bacon Coffee Featured At National Barista Competition. (CBS) At Masters Tournament, 14-Year-Old Golfer Plays Beyond His Years. (ESPN)


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Question: Show #41 air date  October 16, 2007

Health insurance in America is complicated and is a challenge for the business of health care and is also a political football. This week, moderator Terry Phillips leads a discussion about the current state of health care with guests who are truly experts. Dr. Varoujan Altebarmakian, MD is Physician-in-Chief at Kaiser Permanente in Fresno; Tom Epstein is Vice President of Public Affairs for Blue Shield of California; Mark Keppler is the Executive Director of the Maddy Institute at CSU Fresno.

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A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


Question: Nobel Peace Prize Winner Wangari Matthai

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A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize-winning biologist Wangari Matthai. (pre-recorded)

Stories: 1) Veteran Peacemakers O'Malley, Maharaj on Iraq 2) Nuala O'Faolain, Journalist and Author, Dead at 68


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Question: British High Court Rules U.K. Parliament Must Approve Brexit Plans

The High Court in Britain has ruled that Parliament should have a say on when the country starts the process of leaving the European Union. The decision is a blow to Prime Minister Theresa May, who felt she had a mandate from the June "Brexit" referendum to control the process herself.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Former House Speaker Dennis Hastert Transferred Out Of Prison. -- 'American Nightmare': How A U.S. Police Shooting Is Roiling Australia. -- Wildfires Rage Through British Columbia, Forcing 40,000 From Their Homes. -- England Unveils New 10-Pound Note Featuring Jane Austen. -- Kermit The Frog Actor Fired Over 'Unacceptable Business Conduct'.  And here are more early headlines: U.S. To Impose Sanctions Over Iran's Ballistic Missile Program. (Reuters) Duterte Wants To Extend Martial Law In Southern Philippines. (AP) Trump Warns Venezuela Against Rewriting Its Constitution. (CNBC)