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Question: The U.S. Looks To Support The Afghan Military From 'Over The Horizon'

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President Biden and his Pentagon chiefs say the U.S. will assist Afghanistan's military from afar after American troops pull out. They haven't announced the details, but they do have a common refrain: "over the horizon." "We will maintain an over-the-horizon capacity," Biden said in his recent address to a joint session of Congress. "We will continue to support (the Afghans) with over-the-horizon logistics," Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said at a recent new conference. "We have to sort out doing it over the horizon," added the chairman of the Joint Chiefs, Army Gen. Mark Milley. Right now, "over the horizon" is more a fuzzy concept than a polished military plan. But when U.S. forces leave Afghanistan in September, if not sooner, we're likely to find out fast exactly what it means.  "The Taliban will test the Afghan security forces very early on. They need to be prepared for that," said retired Army Gen. Joe Votel, who oversaw the Afghan war effort for three years as the head of Central Command. "Whatever support we're prepared to provide over the horizon, we need to be prepared for that as well." The U.S. did have some military bases in the region during the early 2000s. But today, there are no American bases in any of the six countries that border landlocked Afghanistan. U.S. relations with Pakistan have long since soured, and Pakistan said last week that it won't host U.S. forces. Retired Army Gen. David Petraeus, who also led U.S. troops in Afghanistan, thinks it's highly unlikely that the U.S. will establish bases elsewhere in the region in the coming months. "I doubt that we will get a base in the Central Asian states anytime soon," Petraeus said during a recent online panel. One other option would be for the U.S. to park an aircraft carrier in the Arabian Sea, well south of Afghanistan, but Petraeus and others see that as highly impractical. Bases in the Gulf The closest existing U.S. bases are in the Gulf region, including an air base in Qatar. And that's a long way from Afghanistan.  "So maybe you get some drones flying from there," Petraeus said, adding, "that's a long flight. For a drone that can take six to eight hours." When asked at a news conference about future U.S. air support, Milley declined to answer directly. "The Afghan air force does 80 to 90% of all airstrikes in support of the Afghan ground forces," he said. "We're actually doing very few. The key will be the Afghan Air Force." However, the Afghan air force uses U.S. aircraft that are maintained by a large contingent of U.S. civilian contractors. Most, if not all, of those contractors are expected to leave when the U.S. military forces pull out. If U.S. assistance is limited, then how well will the Afghan forces be able to defend against the Taliban?  Joe Votel says parts of the Afghan military are very capable.  "A lot of my focus during my career was on the Afghan special operations forces, who are quite good, who have good leaders, who have good training, who are well-equipped," said Votel. "I think that they will perform well." After two decades in Afghanistan, the U.S. military has developed strong ties with the Afghan forces. In addition, improved technology can generate some valuable intelligence without American troops on the ground.  Still, Votel acknowledges that U.S.-Afghan military relations, built by working in the field, day-by-day, side-by-side, will suffer.  Petraeus says he's worries about the scenario a couple of years down the road. "My preference would have been to just manage this problem. And we were managing reasonably well with 3,500 troops," he said. "We may, two or three years from now, or perhaps even sooner, come to regret this decision." Shaky peace prospects With the U.S. withdrawal already underway, the slim hopes for a peace agreement with the Taliban have all but vanished. And Taliban forces already control much of the countryside. But Milley says people shouldn't jump to conclusions.  "The Afghan security forces can fight and they're fighting for their own country now," he said. "It's not a foregone conclusion, in my professional military estimate, that the Taliban automatically win and Kabul falls, right, in those kind of dire predictions." Afghanistan's uncertain future is fast approaching. In fact, it's just "over the horizon." Greg Myre is an NPR national security correspondent. Follow him @gregmyre1.

Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: Letters: Quirks of the Sunday Puzzle

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The provided query could be "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Simon Rattle conducts the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra in a concert performance of the Symphony No. 86 in D by Haydn. (German Radio, Berlin/European Broadcasting Union) 26:27               *']" and the positive "['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Simon Rattle Conducts The']"

NPR's Liane Hansen reads from Weekend Edition Sunday listener mail.

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More questions for the panel: Acorn's questionable powers of perception, and an unlikely presence on New York's Fashion Week runways.


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Question: Chicken Plants See Little Fallout From Immigration Raids

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Federal agents carried out one of the largest immigration raids in recent history this week, arresting nearly 700 workers at chicken processing plants in Mississippi.  But you can still buy a rotisserie bird at your local supermarket tonight for less than $10. So far, the government crackdown has had little effect on the wider food processing industry, a dangerous business that is heavily reliant on immigrant labor. The Trump administration says its crackdown helps discourage illegal immigration. But workers' advocates warn it leaves vulnerable employees open to exploitation and unsafe working conditions. "Americans really need to think about where their chicken and where their beef and their pork comes from and really demand that the industry raise labor standards," says Debbie Berkowitz, who directs a health and safety program at the National Employment Law Project.  Authorities raided seven Mississippi poultry plants on Wednesday, arresting 680 people suspected of living in the country illegally. So far, no charges have been brought against the five companies that run the plants, although federal officials say that could change as the investigation is ongoing. The Trump administration has focused considerable resources on workplace immigration probes. Investigations and audits more than tripled last year, and arrests of workers rose even more. But there was no comparable increase in the number of employers cited.  "These enforcement actions are always aimed toward the workforces," says Ted Genoways, whose 2014 book, The Chain, focuses on the food processing industry. "No one ever seems to ask how it is that a company comes to employ a factory full of people who do not have legal immigration status." Genoways says that is reminiscent of other high-profile raids on a meatpacking plant in Postville, Iowa, in 2008 and at half a dozen Swift plants in 2006.  "In all those cases, there were work stoppages, huge numbers of people swept up, families divided, but little to no consequences for the people who did the hiring," he says. "And those plants were back up and in production in fairly short order." Koch Foods, one of the companies raided in Mississippi this week, said in a statement that it closed for one shift on Wednesday but planned to keep operating to "minimize customer impact." The company also advertised a hiring fair in Mississippi next Monday and advised job applicants to bring two forms of ID. Koch Foods (no relation to Charles and David Koch, the majority shareholders of Koch Industries) — paid nearly $4 million last year to settle a complaint brought by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Latina workers at the company's plant in Morton, Miss., accused the company of both racial and sexual harassment. The company admitted no wrongdoing.  Another of the companies raided this week, Peco Foods, had two workers suffer amputations last year at a chicken processing plant in Arkansas. The chicken industry boasts that its processing plants have gotten safer. The rate of workplace injuries was cut by half between 2003 and 2016. But poultry workers are still twice as likely to suffer serious injuries and six times as likely to contract a workplace illness as other private sector employees.    Berkowitz, who was chief of staff at OSHA during the Obama administration, says those numbers are likely understated, because of declining government inspections. "The industry is totally dependent on finding workers who will not raise issues and who, to a degree, live in fear of the company and they'll just keep their head down and do the work," Berkowitz says. "For the last 30 years that's been immigrant labor."   A quarter-century ago, journalist Tony Horwitz documented the miserable conditions in a chicken processing plant in a Pulitzer Prize-winning story for The Wall Street Journal. Industry observers say little has changed since then. "On a good day, the work is repetitive and stressful," Genoways says. "On a bad day, if there's a single mistake made by anyone in a group, there's a high risk of accident." If anything, the pressure on workers has only increased, as processing lines move ever faster.  "Meatpacking remains one of the most dangerous jobs in America," Genoways says. "And because of that, for really more than a century it's been a job that's very often done by first-generation immigrants who are just looking for a foot in the door and a way up the economic ladder in America."

Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music.


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Question: Mama's Gonna Tell You A Story ...

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What follows is the first chapter of Jaime Pressly's book. In the beginning was the word. Where I'm from, the knowledge and acceptance of that basic fact is a given. So much so I think it could be considered an unofficial slogan for the South. Not only because of religion and the role it plays in places like North Carolina, where I was born and raised — that would be way too obvious and literal, especially for a group of folk who subsist on subtext. In the South, when people talk about the power of the word, they could be making reference to God and any of the gospels in the Bible. But then again, they could be alluding to folklore, pure and simple, or any other type of tale with a sage message hidden deep inside of it. After all, we're a people who believe in the sort of salvation that comes from a well-told story. And it doesn't matter who's doing the telling—could be a deacon or the Devil himself — just as long as he does it right. Storytelling is as common a pastime in the South as eating a plate of collard greens or fried green tomatoes. That's probably because people from the South lead such complicated lives, and talking is another form of untangling, figuring out how, where, and why things fit together. Or maybe it's because we just like living out loud, taking our everyday experiences and turning them into a song, or a prayer, or an anecdote to be shared during supper. I can't really speak to the reasons why, but what I do know for sure is that already, throughout history, we've sung new musical genres into creation and written volumes of prose based on nothing more than all the actions and interactions that take place underneath the gentle, unassuming façade of our run-of-the-mill, small-town lives. It makes sense then that what I remember most about my youth is the stories I was told, stories about the people around me — friends, family members, and the array of neighbors I'd known since the day I was born. They were a proverbial motley crew, these people, a cast of the most comical, quietly controversial, and unadulterated characters anyone could ever imagine. I learned to lose myself in their stories, absorbing the complexities of their choices and the intricacies of their secrets. I would sit, drop-jawed, taking it all in until I became far too intimate with their sorrows and regrets and overly invested in their quests for happiness. Some people look back and measure their growth in years or with events. When they tell you about their first kiss or the first time somebody asked them to dance, they might recall that it was on a balmy November night in 1984, or that it was during the school dance which took place the first Friday after Ronald Reagan won the presidential election. More often than not, I tend to measure my growth with stories, with all the words that swirled around each significant achievement, each new awareness, as it was happening. I remember, for instance, when and where I first gained a sense of myself as an individual, a person with wants and needs that were specifically her own. It was after I'd heard about my grandmother's penchant for bargain-hunting, especially twofers — except, in her case, "fourfers" would be the more appropriate word — four for the price of one. With four young boys and one girl at her feet, my Grandmamma Pressly, as the story was told, was a firm believer in the "one fell swoop" philosophy. She kept all of her boys in buzz cuts, because it was easier, and when one of them needed a trim, she'd gather the whole bunch and march them right down to the barbershop, even if their hair hadn't grown an inch since their last cut. The same applied to appointments with doctors and dentists, as well as trips to the department store. When one of her boys needed to have his wisdom teeth removed, she piled the rest of them into the car too, figuring that even though they weren't having problems now, they'd eventually have to have a tooth pulled, wisdom or other, so now was as good a time as any, since she'd more than likely get a discount for bringing in that many patients.  I'll never forget how grateful I was, after hearing that story, to be the only girl and also to have a brother who was nine and a half years older than me. I'd always been somebody with a strong personality and an unflinching knowledge of her likes and dislikes as well as her needs and wants. But I'd never before appreciated that having them met was a privilege, not until I considered the existence of an alternative. I couldn't even begin to imagine being made to wear the same haircut or style as somebody else just because we were siblings, or having to go to the doctor and get poked and prodded just because somebody else was sick. It might seem like a negligible piece of enlightenment, but when you're six or seven, as I was, it's actually a major revelation. It's like having a thin layer of film lifted off your world, a film you never even knew was there, which allows you to see things a little

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Korva reads three quotes from the weeks news: Does Another One Bite The Dust?, Liar, Liar ... Pants On Fire, and Thank You Siri, May I Have Another.


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Question: Sense Of Place: Explore Detroit

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World Cafe visited Detroit to see the Motor City's musical heritage in person. In this interactive map, David Dye and his crew document everything they saw, including some of the city's best places to eat. Click on the icons to watch video footage of World Cafe's tour and learn more.

The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

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We’re tracking the progress of Brexit this week. French President Emanuel Macron is going head-to-head with British Prime Minister Theresa May regarding a Brexit compromise. May has said that the U.K. will leave the European Union on March 29 so “the onus is now on all of us to get this deal done.” Macron is urging other EU members to reject the deal. What compromise is Macron asking for? Is there a chance May will agree? The Wall Street Journal reported this week that the United States would ask Chinese media outlets Xinhua News Agency and CGTN to register as foreign agents. Both outlets have “strong ties” to the Chinese government, according to The Hill. This move by the Department of Justice follows a similar series of events with Russia Today. RT is another foreign media outlet with close ties to its government that was asked to register as a foreign agent. Continuing a trend from this summer, China leveled tariffs on $60 billion worth of U.S. goods, just after President Trump announced American tariffs on $200 billion worth of Chinese goods. President Donald Trump was active on Twitter this week regarding North and South Korea relations.
Kim Jong Un has agreed to allow Nuclear inspections, subject to final negotiations, and to permanently dismantle a test site and launch pad in the presence of international experts. In the meantime there will be no Rocket or Nuclear testing. Hero remains to continue being…….. — Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) September 19, 2018
….returned home to the United States. Also, North and South Korea will file a joint bid to host the 2032 Olympics. Very exciting! — Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) September 19, 2018   Chairman Kim and South Korean president Moon Jae-in met this week in Pyongyang. From CNN:  “Chairman Kim expressed his wish that he wanted to complete denuclearization quickly and focus on economic development,” Moon said. “He said he hoped (US Secretary of State) Mike Pompeo would visit North Korea soon, and also a second summit with Trump would take place in the near future, in order to move the denuclearization process along quickly.”  Will another summit between American and North Korean leadership take place? What will be the outcome? In Syria this week, Russia and Turkey created a buffer zone between opposition and government forces between Idlib Province in Syria. The buffer will take effect on October 15. The civil war in Syria has killed more than 350,000 people. One million children live in Idlib and Hama and Aleppo.  From the BBC on why Idlib matters:  The province is the last major stronghold of the rebel and jihadist groups which have been trying to overthrow Mr Assad for the past seven years. The UN says Idlib is home to some 2.9 million people, including 1 million children. Almost half of the civilians in Idlib come from other previously rebel-held parts of Syria from which they either fled, or were evacuated. The province also borders Turkey, to the north, and straddles major highways running south from Aleppo to Hama and the capital, Damascus, and west to the Mediterranean coastal city of Latakia.  Will this buffer zone make peace a more concrete possibility in Syria? Or will it just extend the conflict? Text by Gabrielle Healy. GUESTS Mark Landler, White House correspondent, The New York Times; author of “Alter Egos: Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, and the Twilight Struggle Over American Power”; @MarkLandler Nancy Youssef, National security reporter, The Wall Street Journal; @nancyayoussef Edward Luce, Chief U.S. columnist and commentator, Financial Times; his latest book is “The Retreat of Western Liberalism”; @EdwardGLuce For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

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Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: Bill Would Deny Pensions to Congressional 'Cons'

A bill passed by the House calls for members of Congress to be denied federal retirement benefits if they're convicted of certain federal crimes. The measure is not retroactive.

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Good Friday morning, here's our early story: Will Pistorius Get Bail?  And here are more early headlines: Winter Storm Pounding Many States, Threatening 20 Million People. (USA Today) Hardliner Nominated As Tunisia's Next Prime Minister. (Al Jazeera) Egyptian President Calls For Phased Parliamentary Elections, Starting In April. (BBC) Indian Police Initially Failed To Look For Three Young Sisters, Raped And Murdered. (NDTV) Spanish Princess May Be Named As Suspect In Corruption Probe. (Guardian) Obama Welcomes Japanese Prime Minister, Urges Open Markets For U.S. Automakers. (Businessweek) Multi-State Manhunt For Suspects In Las Vegas Shooting And Crash That Killed Three. (Las Vegas Review-Journal) Attorney: Ex-Mayor Of Scandal-Ridden Calif. Town Is 'Illiterate', Didn't Know Huge Salary Was Illegal. (CBS) Forbes' 2013 List Of Most Miserable U.S. Cities: Detroit Is #1. (Forbes)


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Question: The News Roundup — International

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Authorities allegedly shot and killed some 12 protesters in Lagos, Nigeria during demonstrations against the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), a brutal federal police unit based in the former capital city. The army has branded eyewitness accounts of the massacre as “fake news.” Pope Francis openly expressed support for same-sex civil unions on Wednesday, going against the church’s traditional stance on homosexuality. The proclamation is expected to unsettle more traditional branches of the Catholic Church.
What makes Pope Francis comments supporting same-sex civil unions today so momentous? First, he is saying them as Pope, not Archbishop of Buenos Aires. Second, he is clearly supporting, not simply tolerating, civil unions. Third, he is saying it on camera, not privately. Historic — James Martin, SJ (@JamesMartinSJ) October 21, 2020  China’s economy is bouncing back following the outbreak of COVID-19. The world’s second-biggest economy saw growth of 4.9 percent between July and September, compared to the same quarter last year. And socialists in Bolivia are set to win the country’s presidential election. From NPR:  The election followed the resignation last year of [Evo] Morales, Bolivia’s first Indigenous president, after nearly 14 years in office. He left under pressure from Bolivia’s military after seeking a fourth term in an election later annulled following fraud allegations. A report by the Organization of American States raising questions about the results fueled mass anti-government protests. Morales and his supporters maintain he was the victim of a right-wing coup.  We cover all of the top global stories during the News Roundup.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Two Bluegrass Truths From James King And Alan Jackson

On Three Chords and the Truth, bluegrass musician James King picks from the canon of country music to rearrange its songs as bluegrass. On The Bluegrass Album, country star Alan Jackson has recorded his first collection of bluegrass music — some classics, some originals. King takes the title of his new album from a famous quote by the great songwriter Harlan Howard — who, when asked to define a good country music song, said it was "three chords and the truth." King, a widely respected singer, put out an album a few years ago called The Bluegrass Storyteller, which had become his nickname. Well, you could say that storytelling is more central to classic country music than, say, an intricate fiddle solo, and thus King's move into hardcore country was almost inevitable. King sings in a modest, almost muffled manner, as though it would be impolite to obscure so much as one strum of a mandolin. It's modesty similar to what has characterized Alan Jackson's career. He's now one generation removed from country music's current tier of superstars, for whom reticence is a downright liability. But this manner makes Jackson's second-act career move as a bluegrass fan a smooth one. Jackson wrote eight of the 14 cuts on The Bluegrass Album, and they are sturdily constructed models, weakened in spots by the author's disinclination to do anything showy, new or deeply emotional with the form. A key sentiment to this collection is to be found in Jackson's song "Let's Get Back to Me and You," in which he tells his wife, "I don't like the blues / I like love that's true, honey / Let's get back to me and you." In country music, few things are more enshrined than having the blues and being unfaithful. Jackson's sentiments here may be admirable, but they're not always the stuff of exciting music — and yet it sure is pretty. Both of these country-bluegrass hybrids by James King and Alan Jackson share a devotion to craft. Both albums feature impeccable arrangements for mandolin, fiddle and banjo. Both employ the singer Don Rigsby for harmony vocals. It's hard not to give the edge, however, to King's Three Chords and the Truth. His album contains that extra splash of vinegar, that additional twist of tightened emotionalism, that gives both bluegrass and country their distinctive kinds of artistic truth.

Stories: 1) New Albums By Booker T. And Allen Toussaint 2) Booker T. Jones: Onions, Potatoes, Other Essentials 3) Passionate About The Passive Voice


Question:
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['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', "Later This Hour We'll Hear"] == ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Later this hour we'll hear a report on the changing of the guard in Philadelphia as a new sound emerges from the orchestra under conductor Wolfgang Sawallisch (sah-VAHL-lish), but first let's hear the familiar sound created in the 50s by conductor Eugene Ormandy. He leads the Philadelphia Orchestra in two Hungarian Dances by Johannes Brahms, arranged by AnTonin Dvorak: No. 19 in B minor and No. 20 in E minor. (Sony Classical SBK 46534)"] != ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Stories: 1) Peter Sagal, Exploring 'Vice' So We Don't Have To 2) A Chorus of Movie Musicals Reprised on DVD"]

Question: San Francisco Parking Debate

Forum discusses cars, parking, and transit in the urban environment.

Mudslide Watch. Citizenship Backlog. End Music.


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Question: WSU Finds New President In Missouri

Washington State University has signed a high profile recruit... but not the sports kind. The school has hired away the president of the University of Missouri to take the same job in Pullman. Tom Banse reports.

Stories: 1) Reporter Explores America's Unique Take on Justice 2) Growing Up In a Surfer Family, Wipeouts and All


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Question: Feds Investigate, Raid, Islamic Charity

Federal prosecutors say the Muslim charity the Islamic Assembly of North America promotes terrorism. In the past month, the group's Michigan offices have been raided, and several people affiliated with the organization have been arrested. So far, no terror-related charges have been filed. NPR's Greg Allen reports.

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Happy Friday! We're looking at these stories this morning: Economy Slowed Further In Second Quarter.  Derecho, the Sequel: Storm Roars Over Pennsylvania And New York. In London, The Games Are Afoot. Activists Report Heavy Fighting In Aleppo, Syria's Largest City. (VOA) Chinese Woman Accused Of Poisoning British Man Is Held Incommunicado By Chinese Police. (Washington Post) China Orders Limit To Flooding Coverage After Outraged Victims Start Compiling Private Death Tolls. (AP) Afghan Militant Attacks Against NATO Forces Rose 11% In The Past Three Months. (AP) Cyprus Officials To Charge Man With Plotting Terrorism, Had Tracked Israeli Tourists. (Cyprus Mail) Ousted Head Of Oldest Black U.S. Fraternity Seeks His Job Back In A Georgia Court. (Atlanta Journal Constitution) Bird Hits Boy In The Face On Six Flags Coaster, Causing Minor Injuries. (Asbury Park Press)


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Question: Rep. McClintock, R-Sacramento?

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A little political intrigue for the end of the week, as a newspaper report suggests California¿s most recognizable conservative lawmaker may be considering a run for Congress from Sacramento.
Washington, D.C. based Roll Call reports today that state Sen. Tom McClintock (R-Thousand Oaks) may run for the U.S. House of Representatives seat representing California¿s 4th district. [...]

Are Democrats In Congress Trying To Thwart Calif. Redistricting?  - Brain Researcher Antonio Damasio


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Question: Interior Design With Rush Limbaugh

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Last week the Wait, Wait style team took on Olympic figure skaters, this week we're looking at Rush Limbaugh's Fifth Avenue penthouse. It's on the market for $13.95 million (which is either outrageously expensive or a steal depending on how you value gold leaf and rooms in which Rush Limbaugh has been naked). First up, the bedroom: Eva: I always had a feeling Rush Limbaugh was lulled to sleep every night by an army of cherubs.Mike: Sure, an open ceiling in your bedroom looks beautiful, but who wants to clean up all the bird poop?Ian: Oh, snap, Mike! Your l'oeils just got tromped! Now, the guest bedroom... Read More >> Ian: Who do you commission to get a painting of a Corona commercial on your wall?Mike: They actually shot a version of Castaway where Tom Hanks washes up into this room. Next up, the bathroom... Eva: Those poor, poor people in the apartment building across the street. The things they've seen.Doug Berman: That bathtub is full of Percocets.Ian This is nice because if there are ever two Rush Limbaughs in here, the bathing one can watch the showering one.Mike: But the mural of the toilet in here has confused many guests, with disastrous results. Next, the living room... Mike: Believe it or not, there are no actual windows or fireplaces in this room. It's all murals.Peter: Like at Hogwarts, this ceiling mimics the sky outside, except here it's always sunny and there's no capital gains tax.Eva: Does anyone else think it's weird that he has a tiny version of his living room at one end of his living room? And now the study... Peter: That, my friends, is one of the world's only complete collection of Reader's Digest Condensed Books first editions.Ian: When Rush needs the perfect word, he just pulls down his leather-bound copy of Roget's Slursaurus. Last, we look at the dining room... Eva: Until I got to this photo, I was worried Winged Victory wouldn't be making an appearance.Ian: Looks like he finished everything but the salad.Mike: That painting is actually just a mural of a painting. Story via Gawker.

The Alf Files, Naked Faces, and Hunky Homers.


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Question: Janka Nabay And The Bubu Gang On World Cafe

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Ahmed Janka Nabay was one of the first musicians to take 500-year-old bubu music outside of his homeland of Sierra Leone, where he'd been a rock star. Nabay was forced to flee the country in the midst of that country's civil war, and eventually wound up in Philadelphia in 2003. Nine years later, Nabay's band has released its first album, En Yay Sah, which blends bubu and electronic dance music. The album showcases Nabay's urgent vocals in four languages, alongside ingratiating percussive rhythms. In this session of World Cafe, hear Janka Nabay and the Bubu Gang discuss the making of the album and perform several tracks from En Yay Sah.

Stories: 1) 'Conchords': Music, Comedy, Clueless Kiwis 2) Nellie McKay, Live on 'Fresh Air' 3) Rock en Espanol, with Wrestling Masks


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Question: GOP Insists It Won't Give In On Tax Cuts

Congress is back for a final four-week session before the midterm elections, and lawmakers are facing a politically divisive question: How many of the Bush-era tax cuts, which expire at the end of the year, should get extended?   Democrats have split over what to do, and the issue is now dividing Republicans as well. Until a couple of days ago, it seemed congressional Republicans were on the same page about extending all of the Bush-era tax cuts. But a crack in that united front appeared Sunday when House Minority Leader John Boehner of Ohio told CBS' Face the Nation he could see voting for what most Democrats want, which is to extend the cuts only for those with household income under $250,000. "If the only option I have is to vote for some of those tax reductions, I'll vote for them," Boehner said.  Monday, the No. 2 House Republican appeared to reject Boehner's willingness to vote for a measure allowing the tax cuts for high income to expire. In a statement, Minority Whip Eric Cantor of Virginia declared that "raising taxes in this environment is a nonstarter for me."   Former GOP Rep. Vin Weber of Minnesota thinks Boehner has actually chosen the smarter political position because "you don't want to be in the position of voting against a middle-class tax cut." "Republicans need to quickly get their one voice together on this issue," Weber said. "Boehner understands the politics of this pretty well, and I wouldn't march away from him if I were the Republicans."    But other leading Republicans are also insisting they won't give in to Democrats on the tax cuts.   "We've got to stick by what we've said," insisted Iowa's Chuck Grassley, the top Republican on the Senate Finance Committee. "We feel that the best thing for our country is to not increase taxes on small business and take money away from the cash flow of small businesses."  For his part, Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky introduced a measure Monday that would prevent all income tax rates from rising next year. "The good news is there's a growing chorus of Democrats, including at least five right here in the Senate, who are coming around on this issue," McConnell said. "They oppose the tax hikes the administration is proposing, as Sen. Lieberman put it earlier, I don't think it makes sense to raise any federal taxes during the uncertain economy we are struggling through."    That's Connecticut Independent Joe Lieberman, who caucuses with the Senate Democrats. Lieberman made it clear Monday night that while he does support extending the Bush-era tax cuts even for the highest income brackets, he could also vote for the more limited extension sought by President Obama.   "There's very broad agreement on the middle-class tax cuts," Lieberman said. "Therefore, we ought to get it done. Then we can argue about tax cuts for higher-income people."   But Democrats are, if anything, more divided than Republicans on what to do about the tax cuts. Like Lieberman, Nebraska Democrat Ben Nelson wants all of the tax cuts extended, but he can't see voting for a measure that lets top tax rates rise. "It'd be very hard for me to support that," Nelson said.  Those in Congress who do support letting the top tax cuts expire are feeling emboldened by polls showing that public opinion is on their side.   "The rich are getting richer, everybody else is getting poorer, these guys do not need more tax breaks," said Sen. Bernie Sanders, an independent from Vermont. "It is a dumb idea." The rich won't get all of their tax breaks extended under the Democrats' plan, but they will get some.  No. 2 Senate Democrat Dick Durbin of Illinois compared his party's plan to what Republicans want: "Under our plan of capping this tax cut at $250,000, the millionaire is only going to get $6,300 in a tax cut. I don't know if they'll even notice it, $6,300. But under Sen. McConnell's plan, the centerpiece of the Republican campaign strategy for November, he wants the millionaire to receive a $100,000 tax cut."  Durbin's GOP counterpart in the Senate is Jon Kyl of Arizona, who accused Democrats of "pitting Americans against each other."  "We don't want to punish anyone for being successful -- that class warfare went out of style when the Cold War ended," Kyl said. "I don't think it has a part in our debates." And as those debates continue, it's still not clear when an actual bill extending the Bush-era tax cuts would be taken up by the Senate. STEVE INSKEEP, host:  In between campaign stops, members of Congress face a big divisive question. It's what to do with the Bush-era tax cuts that expire at the end of this year. As we've reported in recent days, Democrats are split. Now it turns out the issue is dividing Republicans too.  NPR's David Welna reports.  DAVID WELNA: Until a couple of days ago, it seemed congressional Republicans were on the same page about extending all the Bush-era tax cuts. But a crack in that united front appeared Sunday, when House Minority Leader John

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)


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Question: Mozart For Five At Aspen.

Mozart for five at Aspen. From a concert they gave on the 10th of August, pianist Stephen Kovacevich (koh-vah-SAY-vitch) and four wind players including oboist Jeanette Bittar, clarinetist Theodore Oien, bassoonist Nancy Goeres and horn player Jerome Ashby play the Quintet for Piano and Winds in E-flat, Op. 452 by Mozart. (Aspen Music Festival Audio Institute) 25:30             **S

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: Understanding The AI Warfare And Its Implications

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There’s a new kind of global arms race underway. Artificial intelligence-enabled armies are being designed and planned — right now. China is determined to dominate the AI battlefield of tomorrow, and Robert Work, co-chair of the National Security Commission on AI, is ringing the alarm bells: “We are not organized to win this competition. We just are not,” he says. “We have got to take this competition seriously, and we need to win it.” The Pentagon promises to build an “ethical” AI army. Journalist Patrick Tucker with Defense One says that won’t be easy. “The real worst-case scenario is that different governments deploy AI that isn’t well thought through,” he says. “So don’t worry about being evil. Worry about it being fast and stupid. And that is a much easier worst-case scenario to realize, especially in the next three to four years.” Today, On Point: the coming AI war. Guests Gen. John M. Murray, commanding general of the United States Army Futures Command. Patrick Tucker, technology editor for Defense One. (@DefTechPat) Heather Roff, special governmental expert for the Defense Innovation Board who wrote the Department of Defense’s AI Ethical Principles. (@HMRoff) Also Featured Gilman Louie, commissioner on the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence. Co-founder and Partner of Alsop Louie Partners, an early-stage technology venture capital firm. (@gglouie) Mikel Rodriguez, machine learning researcher at MITRE, a federally funded research and development center. From The Reading List Defense One: “2021 Is the Year the Small Drone Arms Race Heats Up” — “As drones become smarter, cheaper, more nimble, easier for rogue adversaries to acquire and more advanced adversaries to evolve, they pose a unique threat for the U.S. military that grows in importance as the objects themselves diminish in size. This year, trends in autonomy will reshape drone capabilities and concepts, making them more offensively useful and even harder to defend against.” Defense One: “China Features Heavily in the Army’s Next Big Emerging Tech Experiment” — “The Army will expand its emerging technology experiment this fall, bringing in more operators, more stealth aircraft, Navy standard missiles and new AI tools, and will focus heavily on defeating a high-tech adversary with a striking resemblance to China.” This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

Stories: 1) Jane Mayer: The Risks Of A Remote-Controlled War 2) The Ethical, Psychological Effects Of Robotic Warfare 3) Nellie McKay's 'Blueberry Pie,' A Tribute to Doris Day


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Question: State Dept. Study Foresaw Postwar Troubles in Iraq

Officials at the State and Defense departments accuse Pentagon leaders of ignoring a pre-war report that detailed many of the problems U.S. forces were likely to face in postwar Iraq. Critics say that because the warnings in the State Department study were not heeded, American troops were under-prepared for looting and other postwar challenges. Hear NPR's Ari Shapiro.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Strong Quake Hits Near Iran-Iraq Border, Killing More Than 200.  -- Human Rights Barely Registers In Meeting Between Trump, Philippines' Duterte. -- Is A Corporate Tax Cut What The Economy Really Needs Right Now? --  Mueller Russia Probe Moves Into The White House And GOP's Math Problem On Taxes. And here are more early headlines: Democrats Draw Attention At U.N. Climate Conference. (Politico) Report: Syria Allegedly Starving Civilians To Force Surrender. (Amnesty International) Saudi Coalition To Ease, But Not Lift, Yemen Blockade. (VOA) North Korean Soldier Shot While Defecting To South Korea. (Yonhap) Eight Afghan Police Reportedly Killed In Western Province. (AP)  French Review Security, 2 Years After Paris Attacks. (Reuters) Menendez Jury Resumes Work With New Member. (NJ.com)


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Question: Film 'Battle of Algiers' Makes a Comeback

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Gillo Pontecorvo's 1965 film The Battle of Algiers portrays the urban warfare between Algerians and the French troops occupying their country. The film's raw presentation of a ruthless conflict just years after it occurred left audiences enthralled. The film is now being re-released -- and to some, it conveys a new meaning in light of the U.S. involvement in Iraq. David D'Arcy reports.

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"['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Federal authorities announced Monday that they had broken up a neo-Nazi plot to assassinate presidential candidate Barack Obama. The plan involved two white supremacists, and authorities say Obama was never in any danger.']" == "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth:', 'Obama Assassination Plot Thwarted']"

Stories: 1) Michael Beschloss: Critical Moments, Critical Choices 2) Lesbian Activist, Pioneering Journalist Del Martin 3) 'Trouble The Water' Captures Katrina On Camcorder


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Question: Former U.S. Ukraine Ambassador Says President Trump Pushed For Her Removal

Updated at 2:30 p.m. ET Marie Yovanovitch, the former U.S. ambassador to Ukraine, told three House committees in a closed deposition that President Trump pressured the State Department to remove her from her post, according to prepared remarks reported by multiple outlets.  Yovanovitch was recalled in May 2019. When she returned to Washington, she said, she pressed the deputy secretary of state about why she was told to leave. The career diplomat was informed that "there had been a concerted campaign against me, and that the Department had been under pressure from the President to remove me since the Summer of 2018," according to the statement. NPR has not independently obtained the remarks to the Intelligence, Foreign Affairs and Oversight committees. The deputy "also said that I had done nothing wrong and that this was not like other situations where he had recalled ambassadors for cause," Yovanovitch said. The chairs of the three committees said they subpoenaed Yovanovitch to compel her to testify after they learned Thursday evening that the White House had directed her not to appear for a voluntary interview. "This is the latest example of the Administration's efforts to conceal the facts from the American people and obstruct our lawful and constitutionally-authorized impeachment inquiry," Intelligence Chairman Adam Schiff, D-Calif.; Foreign Affairs Chairman Eliot Engel, D-N.Y.; and Oversight Chairman Elijah Cummings, D-Md., said in a written statement. Yovanovitch was appointed by then-President Barack Obama in 2016 and confirmed without any controversy by the GOP-led Senate.  She has emerged as a key fact witness in the House Democrats' investigation following a whistleblower complaint about Trump's telephone call with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy on July 25 that triggered the inquiry.  Investigators are interested in learning details about Yovanovitch's  interactions with the president's personal lawyer Rudy Giuliani and others seeking a Ukrainian investigation into former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter's business interests in one of the country's largest gas companies. In her prepared remarks, Yovanovitch said she had "only minimal contacts" with Giuliani and says none related to the events that are at the center of the inquiry. While she said she didn't know Giuliani's motives for attacking her, she said, "Individuals who have been named in the press contacts of Mr. Giuliani may well have believed that their personal financial ambitions were stymied by our anti-corruption policy in Ukraine." Trump referred to Yovanovitch as "bad news" to Zelenskiy in the White House account of the conversation released last month. Yovanovitch pushed back, in her prepared testimony, to the allegation she was "disloyal to Trump," saying those claims were false. She also said she was not asked by the Obama administration to weigh in during the 2016 campaign to harm Trump, "not would I have taken any such steps if they had."  She also told the committees she never met Hunter Biden, and while she had met Joe Biden, he never raised his son or his business interests with her. Earlier this week, the State Department blocked the U.S. ambassador to the European Union, Gordon Sondland, from testifying. After Congress issued a subpoena, Sondland said he would defy the State Department and testify Thursday. An attorney for Sondland said in a statement that he has "at all times acted with integrity and in the interests of the United States. He has no agenda apart from answering the Committees' questions fully and truthfully." The statement noted, however, that Sondland will not release documents that Congress is requesting, and that it's up to the State Department to do so.  "By federal law and regulation, the State Department has sole authority to produce such documents," per the statement, "and Ambassador Sondland hopes the materials will be shared with the Committees in advance of his Thursday testimony." Sondland flew from Brussels to Washington to voluntarily answer questions about text messages between him and the senior diplomat at the U.S. Embassy in Ukraine, Bill Taylor, about whether military assistance was being conditioned on investigations related to political campaigns. Earlier this week, White House counsel Pat Cipollone sent a letter to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and the chairs of the three committees saying the administration would not cooperate with document or testimony requests, arguing that the inquiry "lacks any legitimate constitutional foundation" and is simply an effort to "nullify the outcome of the democratic process" by reversing the results of the 2016 election and influence the upcoming 2020 election. The whistleblower complaint released Sept. 26 says that Yovanovitch had criticized a former Ukrainian prosecutor's "poor record on fighting corruption." The same prosecutor, Yuriy Lutsenko, spread rumors about the Biden family and about Ukraine's "purported involvemen

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Question: What Did We Learn Today

Tom and David reflect on the show's most memorable lessons.

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Border Clash; Uber-stepping Boundaries; Do They Know It's Condescension Time At All.


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Question: Friday News Roundup - International

The murder of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi continues to make headlines. CIA head Gina Haspel has reportedly heard the audio that purportedly captures the interrogation and killing of Khashoggi inside the Saudi consulate.  What further consequences could the Saudi government suffer after they admitted Khashoggi had been killed? We’re also covering the status of vulnerable Uighur Muslims in China. From AFP:  On state television, the vocational education centre in China’s far west looked like a modern school where happy students studied Mandarin, brushed up their job skills, and pursued hobbies such as sports and folk dance. But earlier this year, one of the local government departments in charge of such facilities in Xinjiang’s Hotan prefecture made several purchases that had little to do with education: 2,768 police batons, 550 electric cattle prods, 1,367 pairs of handcuffs, and 2,792 cans of pepper spray. The shopping list was among over a thousand procurement requests made by local governments in the Xinjiang region since early 2017 related to the construction and management of a sprawling system of “vocational education and training centres”. The facilities have come under international scrutiny, with rights activists describing them as political re-education camps holding as many as one million ethnic Uighurs and other Muslim minorities.  The New York Times also reports that a growing number of Uighur Americans “have had family members detained by the Chinese police and placed in the anti-Islam camp system that is spread across the northwest region of Xinjiang.” Who can help the Uighurs? This weekend, Brazilians will vote for a new president in a run-off election. Right-wing candidate Jair Bolsonaro is expected to win. Bolsonaro called immigrants “scum” and gay people “pedophiles.” What happens now that he’s on the cusp of being Brazil’s next president? We’ll recap the global news that made headlines this week from the international city of Atlanta. GUESTS Karoun Demirjian, Reporter, The Washington Post;  @karoun Ravi Agrawal, Managing editor, Foreign Policy; former New Delhi bureau chief, CNN; @ravireports Michael Goldfarb, Host of the First Rough Draft of History Podcast Sarah Maslin, Brazil correspondent, The Economist For more, visit https://the1a.org. © 2018 WAMU 88.5 – American University Radio.

Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


Question:
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Fewshots:
'['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details', "Korea Tensions Overshadow Clinton's China Trip"]' == '['', 'Secretary of State Hillary Clinton is in China Monday but much of her visit is focusing on tension in the Korean peninsula. She said the U.S. supports South Korea’s decision to take North Korea before the U.N. Security Council for torpedoing one of the South’s warships.']' != '['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', "Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Lloyds Says It Will Block Bitcoin Purchases On Its Credit Cards.  -- Top North Korean Official To Lead Delegation To Olympics. -- South Africa's ANC Meets To Decide Fate Of President Jacob Zuma.  -- CHART: How Trump's Immigration Proposal Compares With Other Plans. -- Vice President Pence To Keep Pressure On North Korea, Despite South Korean Warming. And here are more early headlines: Iraq Says U.S. Starts Drawing Down Its Troops In Iraq. (VOA) Syrian, Russian War Planes Attack Rebel Positions. (Washington Post) The U.S. Government Faces Another Potential Shutdown This Week. (CNN) Trump To Highlight Tax Law Today In Cincinnati. (AP/WKBN) Jerome Powell To Be Sworn In As Federal Reserve Chair. (New York Times)"]'

Question: The California Report

Climate Change & California's Water (Part 1a). End Music.


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Question: NPR Has A Smorgasbord Of Holiday Music For Your Speakers

Whether you're the "Santa Baby" type or looking to take a more global approach to your December playlist, it's likely public radio has something that fits the order. NPR teamed up with stations and venues around the country put together more than a dozen holiday music specials this year. The collection includes bluesy Latin sounds from Gaby Moreno, jazz and gospel performed by Howard University's vocal ensemble, a globetrotting set by Portland's Pink Martini and Ari Shapiro (yes, our Ari Shapiro) and classics too - songs from White Christmas and party jazz tunes performed by Wynton Marsalis. We've even Hanukkah stories read by the one and only Susan Stamberg. In the guide below, preview some of these specials, airing on public radio stations all over the country now through the New Year. Check public radio station sites for more local schedules and broadcast times. These programs are also available to play on demand at NPR Music, where we'll publish new joyful packages throughout the month. Today - a special tinsel-clad Tiny Desk Concert with Sharon Jones & The Dap Kings performing "8 Days (Of Hanukkah)" and the start of a holiday takeover of "Songs We Love," which for the next two weeks will offer surprising renditions of classic holiday tunes. The set kicked off today with Aloe Blacc's new song "Merry Christmas Mr. Brown," a ballad for the families of those affected by police violence this year. Now, on to the music!  Pink Martini's Joy to the World: A Holiday SpectacularListen NowThe internationally acclaimed "little orchestra" Pink Martini bedecks the airwaves with festive holiday songs from across the globe. From timeless classics to rarely heard gems, hear a multi-denominational, multi-cultural jubilee, overflowing with enough holiday spirit to warm your entire family. Hosted by All Things Considered's Ari Shapiro, and co-produced by Oregon Public Broadcasting and Murray Street Productions.  Festivo Alt.Latino With Gaby Moreno & FriendsListen NowAlt.Latino continues its tradition of celebrating the holidays in song with a special show featuring songwriter/performer Gaby Moreno. Vocalist Moreno brings a Muscle Shoals-tinged holiday celebration to this year's Festivo Alt.Latino. Classics from the U.S. and Latin America get a shimmering bluesy, R&B treatment from Moreno and her four-piece band in a performance recorded live in front of a studio audience at KUTX in Austin, Texas. There is plenty of joy and holiday spirit in both English and Spanish that will add a new dimension to the idea of holiday music.  Song Travels: Home for the Holidays Listen NowJoin Michael Feinstein for an hour of yuletide cheer and music. This edition of Song Travels journeys from Hollywood's vintage silver screen to New York City's iconic Birdland club. The Michael Feinstein Big Band performs selections from the classic movie White Christmas, and Feinstein shares rare recordings from some of his favorite performers.  An Afro Blue ChristmasListen NowJoin us for a very special holiday concert with Howard University's premiere vocal ensemble Afro Blue and special guest pianist Cyrus Chestnut. Hear the a-cappela group perform a variety of holiday songs including African-American spirituals, jazz and pop tunes, and classical repertoire. The joyous celebration includes one of a kind arrangements on traditional holiday songs plus new compositions... music perfect for the holidays and the spirit of Christmas. Hosted by Michele Norris.  Hanukkah Lights 2015Listen NowA perennial NPR favorite, Hanukkah Lights features Hanukkah stories and memoirs written by Kathryn Blume, Leah Lax, Eric Kimmel, Isaac Bashevis Singer and Jonathan Safran Foer as read by NPR's Susan Stamberg and Murray Horwitz.  Jazz Piano Christmas XXVIListen NowNPR Music brings you another great concert from the Kennedy Center. Kenny Barron, Fred Hersch and Carmen Staaf perform their favorite holiday songs in a program hosted by Felix Contreras, of NPR Music's Alt.Latino.  Toast of the Nation 2015/2016 Available starting Dec. 31, 2015 at NPRMusic.org An NPR tradition every New Year's Eve since the 1970s, Toast of the Nation is the perfect audio complement for the occasion. It's jazz that you can party to, all night long with countdowns to midnight in all four continental time zones. Spirited, improvised, grooving and swinging, each segment is a stop in a sequence of celebrations, contributing something new to the musical feast. Eight hours of music will start at 9PM EST and continue throughout the night until 5AM. Hear the energy-infused live concert recordings of Wynton Marsalis, Snarky Puppy, Wycliffe Gordon and more with host Rhonda Hamilton of WBGO.

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Stories: 1) South Park Celebrates 14 Years Of Fart Jokes 2) 'Have One': From Joanna Newsom, A Generous Thing


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Question: Hazards and Challenges in the Efforts to Protect U.S. Judges

Melissa Block talks with Judge Jane Roth, a Federal Appeals Court judge in Philadelphia and chair of the Committee on Security and Facilities for the Judicial Conference. Roth discusses ways judges can be protected.

Post-9/11 Border Security Strains U.S.-Mexico Relations. Farmers Seek Relief for Summer's Heat Damage to Crops. End Music.


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Question: Harpist Yolanda Kondonassis

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Kondonassis plays the "Romantic Waltz," by Claude Debussy.

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Rachel Gawell, 15, performs Mark Summers' "Julie-O."


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Question: Blair to Address Congress on Iraq War

British PM Tony Blair heads to Washington to address Congress and meet with President Bush. The leaders are likely to discuss their justification for the war in Iraq. They are also expected to discuss two British terror suspects being held at Guantanamo Bay. Blair faces pressure at home to persuade Bush to release the men for trial in Britain. Hear Warren Hoge of The New York Times.

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Provided: "['', 'The success of this decadent bread pudding lies in the use of stale bread. The drier the bread, the more easily it will soak up the chocolate custard.    Makes 8 servings   1/2 cup golden raisins 1/4 cup dark rum Unsalted butter 2 cups heavy cream 1 cup whole milk 10 ounces dark (70 to 72 percent cacao) chocolate, finely chopped 6 large eggs, lightly beaten 1 cup light brown sugar 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon 1 stale 10-ounce baguette, cut in 1/2-inch slices, each slice halved Combine raisins and rum in a small bowl. Let stand at room temperature for at least 1 hour. Lightly butter an 8-inch square baking dish. Heat cream and milk in a saucepan until hot but not boiling. Remove from heat and add chocolate, whisking until smooth. Whisk eggs, sugar, vanilla and cinnamon together in a large bowl until combined. Add chocolate to the eggs and mix well. Stir in raisins with the rum. Pour the chocolate mixture over the bread. Let stand 1 hour, pushing down on bread to submerge. Preheat oven to 325 degrees. Bake in oven until set and the top is crisp, about 1 hour. Cool slightly. Serve warm with whipped cream.']" Match: "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'Chocolate Rum Raisin Bread Pudding']"

News Headlines: Sept. 17, 2007 ABC News: Charges Dropped for One of 'Jena Six' -- "It almost came down to the wire. Mychal Bell, 17, was scheduled to be sentenced next week for his conviction in the beating of a white high school schoolmate. But a Louisiana appeals court ruled that Bell, who was 16 when he committed the crime for which he was charged, should not have been tried an adult. The three-judge panel overturned the conviction." More: Sharpton Asks for Prosecutorial Misconduct Charge Plus: Listen to Today's Coverage on News & Notes More Headlines:The Washington Post: Tape Released of O.J. Simpson in Vegas AFP: Berlin Gets First Memorial Stone for African Victim of the Nazis The New York Times: Using Crayons to Exorcise Katrina AFP: Sen. Clinton Unveils Healthcare Plan AFP: Greenspan Memoir Links Iraq War to U.S. Thirst for Oil The AJC: In Atlanta, Assisted Living Facility Caters to Black Seniors GQ: Colin Powell on the Run-Up to War


Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

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Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "Isolated Events," "Smokin' Joe" and "Uber Treats."

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: South Dakota on Daschle

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Curt Nickisch with South Dakota Public Radio reports on Tom Daschle, the South Dakota Democrat who stands on the brink of becoming majority leader of the Senate, and the implications the move might have for Daschle's strongly Republican state.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...King Of The Hill, TrumpCares, Bored Game


Question: Media Matters with Bob McChesney, September 10, 2006: Robert Greenwald

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This week's guest is filmmaker Robert Greenwald, whose new film is
Iraq for Sale: the War Profiteers."

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A discussion with Bloomington, Indiana Mayor Mark Kruzan. Originally aired 19 December 2007.


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Question: Brahms Bonus: From The

Brahms Bonus: From the Smithsonian's Freer Gallery of Art, Andre-Michel Schub plays the Capriccio, Op. 118, NO. 3 (Radio Smiths

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The Re-Structuring of Comair, Field Notes: Crystal Clear Science, Essencha Tea House, Isabella Moon, Focus on Technology


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Question: WATCH: Penguins Carrying Valentines Will Melt Your Heart

Penguins can't swipe right, but they can grab a big red heart in their beak and waddle it over to deliver at their beloved's feet.  That happened Wednesday in an annual Valentine's Day event at the California Academy of Sciences, where biologists handed out felt hearts to a colony of African penguins, streaming on three cameras for anyone with a hankering for extra gushing and cuteness in their life.   "It's ridiculously adorable and a great way to mention a lot of the pair bonding and parental behavior," aquarium curator Vikki McCloskey told NPR.  "Out in the wild they'd be grabbing all sorts of items to put in their nests," she added.  McCloskey said it's usually males that collect the hearts and offer them to their sweethearts or rush them over to line their shared nests to encourage breeding.  "The birds that are grabbing more of the nesting material are the birds that are most likely getting ready to lay eggs or have already laid eggs," McCloskey said.  In all there are two new chicks and 14 adult penguins in the aquarium that have all been paired off. One penguin not participating is a molting female bird. "She is obviously not interested. She's got her own thing going on," McCloskey said.  Spotting couples on the cams is easy. The aquarium website advises viewers to look out for birds sharing the same brightly colored wing bands.  "Males are banded on the right, females on the left. Couples, which typically have the same colored wing bands, can often be seen grooming one another near the nest box they share."  Wooing techniques are also obvious, McCloskey remarked. Partners often bow and shake their heads at one another to reinforce their bond. Another thing they like to do is stand outside their nest boxes and bray together.  "They're basically telling everyone else, 'We're together and this is our house.' "   At the risk of bursting some romantic bubbles, McCloskey said a common misconception about penguins is that they are fully monogamous.  "They are as monogamous as people," she said, laughing.  The tuxedoed couples, which were designated as an endangered species in 2010, develop very strong pair bonds because it requires two adults to ensure the survival of chicks and it's extremely difficult to hold a territory for a single bird. "However, that doesn't mean they won't visit the neighbor every once in a while," McCloskey added.  And at least their keepers are interested in having them try online dating.  McCloskey revealed a dating profile will soon be posted on Instagram stories for a green-banded heartthrob named Alex and other cuties.  They are tentatively calling it "Penguin Bachelor/Bachelorette."

Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


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Question: Indonesia and Global Warming

Indonesia and Global Warming — Indonesia straddles both ends of the global warming debate. With 17,000 islands and a biodiversity second only to Brazil, it stands to lose a great deal from rising sea levels and a changing climate. The nation is also one of the world's biggest polluters. Rapid clearing and burning of peat-land forests has led to Indonesia's ranking as the world's third largest polluter of greenhouse gases. Ironically, it's the expanding palm oil industry that is fuelling the rapid deforestation. Palm oil, mixed with diesel to produce bio-fuel, was hailed as a potential saviour for the environment as a cleaner alternative to fossil fuel. However, closer investigation reveals peat wetlands are being cleared to make way for the plantations, sending huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.


Question: Impeachment Trial Day 4: Trump's Lawyers To Present Their Defense

Trump's team will present its case against conviction for incitement of insurrection. Democratic House impeachment managers worked to make a case that the riot was foreseeable and predictable.

If it's Tuesday, somebody somewhere is voting. Here are some of the headlines we're watching: Today's Primaries: Gingrich's Swan Song Or Reason To Remain? It's Zip It Day On Google. World Stocks Rise Ahead Of Federal Reserve Meeting. (CBS) 'Do Not Recall': James Murdoch Says He Had No Reason To Suspect Wrongdoing At Media Empire. (MSNBC) Syrian Rebels Target Security Officials, Killing 3 And Rocking Damascus With Bomb Blast. (AP) South Sudan Says Sudan's Actions Equal Declaration Of War. (VOA) Roger Clemens 'Trapped' By Deceit, Prosecutors Say In Perjury Retrial. (Los Angeles Times) John Edwards' Former Aide Takes Stand Against Former Boss. (AP) Ryan Seacrest Inks New Two-year Deal To Stay With 'American Idol'. (Hollywood Reporter)


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Question: Workers Focus on Recovering Bodies

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Federal officials are winding down some of the search and rescue operations in New Orleans as they shift the focus to recovering bodies. In three towns outside New Orleans, residents are being allowed to return to their homes.

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State Finances in the Black at $3.1 Billion. More Californians Traveling Abroad for Essential Surgeries. End Music.


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Question: Naked Bike Riders Photo-Bomb Wedding Photos

In Philadelphia, Ross Cohen and Blair Delson were having their wedding photos taken. It turns out their photo shoot was on the route of the city's annual Naked Bike Ride.

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Good Friday morning - here are our early headlines: Friday Prayers In Muslim Countries Bring Wider Anti-American Protests. Copts In U.S. Fear 'Terrible' Reaction In Egypt To Muhammed Film. And here are more stories: Extremely Powerful Hurricane Bearing Down On South Korea. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Now In Fifth Day. (Chicago Sun-Times) Pope Benedict XVI Arrives In Lebanon For Visit As Religious Tension Grows. (Washington Post) British Prosecutors Open Multi-Billion Dollar Fraud Case Against Ex-UBS Trader. (Reuters) Russia's Lower House Kicks Out Opposition Leader Who Protested Putin. (Financial Times) Afghan Bus And Fuel Truck Collide; Explosion Kills Dozens Of Passengers. (Bloomberg) French Magazine Draws Fire For Topless Photos Of Kate, Duchess Of Cambridge. (BBC) There Are Snowflakes On Mars! Dry Ice Flakes Fall On Martian South Pole. (Space.com)


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Question: U.S. Women's Hockey Team, After the Gold

The U.S. women's hockey team is a favorite to win a medal at the Winter Games in Turin. Players and coaches say exposure from the Olympics has drawn more female players to the sport.

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Stories: 1) How Companies Are 'Defining Your Worth' Online 2) After 'Putin's Kiss,' A Young Girl's Change Of Heart


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Question: Who's Carl This Time?

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Loose Change, What's Hot Right Now, and A Popularity Contest.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Pope-ularity; Emission Admission; It's Over Now That It's Over.


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Question: Thousands Of Child Soldiers Died In The Korean War. Survivors Want More Recognition

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While many Americans refer to the Korean War as the "forgotten war," it is anything but that in South Korea 70 years after North Korea invaded. The war lasted from 1950 to 1953 but never formally ended, and tensions between North and South Korea continue to ebb and flow. Survivors of one little-known group of combatants say they still want proper recognition. They are the former child soldiers. South Korea's government says it conscripted more than 30,000 soldiers between the ages of 14 and 17 for the Korean War. An estimated 3,000 of them died in the war, according to news reports. Those still alive are approaching 90 years old. One of them is Park Tae-seung, 87, who lives in Yeongju in South Korea's North Gyeongsang province. Park was 17 when he received his conscription notice in August 1950. The country was about to fall. Park lived in one of the last areas that had not been taken by North Korean troops, and he felt he had no choice. "So I went to serve, half willingly, half forced to do it," he says. Park received a couple of days of training and deployed to the front as a rifleman. He says he ate a few rice balls each day, which did not give him enough energy to lug his 50 pounds of weapons, ammunition and gear up and down the steep hills. "Child soldiers were physically not as strong as the older soldiers," he recalls. Due to his comparative weakness, he says, "the battle with myself was harder than the battle with the enemy." That August, North Korean forces pushed U.S. and South Korean troops to the southeast tip of the Korean Peninsula. While defending a 150-mile-long perimeter, the U.S. shipped in troops and supplies through the port of Busan (formerly spelled Pusan). Park was with U.S., United Nations and South Korean forces in September as they fought their way out of the Pusan Perimeter, advancing into North Korea and capturing the capital, Pyongyang. Park stayed in the city to work as an army medic while other troops pushed north toward the Yalu River. Then by late October, China joined the war on North Korea's side, and drove U.S. and South Korean troops back across the 38th parallel. On the retreat south, the child soldiers fell behind the older, faster troops. With the enemy hard on their heels, an underage soldier near Park was hit. "At first he asked me to take him and save him," Park recalls. "But as he became short of breath, he seemed to realize that he couldn't make it. Then he asked me to shoot him." Park says he believes he never killed an enemy soldier. But he did put his comrade in arms out of his misery. "I believed that that was what I could do to relieve him of pain," he says. "If we weren't so young, we wouldn't have had to make that kind of sacrifice." Park's clear, strong voice quavers at the painful memory and trails off into silence. In the 1970s, Park found solace in Buddhism, praying daily for the fallen child soldiers. On one level, he is pained that hardly anyone is left who remembers them. Nearly all of them died before marrying, so "they didn't have any children surviving them. And all their parents have passed away. So I thought I at least needed to console their souls," he says. But he also prays to repent. "The biggest reason I pray every day is that comrade I killed," he says. While their story is relatively obscure, some believe the child soldiers saved the nation from defeat. Lee Sang Ho, a historian at the Institute for Military History, under South Korea's Ministry of National Defense in Seoul, interviewed around 130 of the onetime child soldiers and wrote a book about them. He notes that Paik Sun-yup, one of the country's most famous wartime generals, "wrote in his memoir that when the North Korean forces came down to the Nakdong River in August, without the child soldiers, the Pusan Perimeter would have been overrun." Lee says that the former child soldiers lived tough postwar lives. "They left the army in their early 20s, and therefore couldn't finish middle school or high school," he says. "They basically existed at the bottom of society." Park spent his postwar life, finding work on construction sites and farms, and for a long time, felt bitter about his fate. He is angry that the government never apologized or built an official monument to recognize the child soldiers' sacrifices and contributions. Park organized the former child soldiers and lobbied lawmakers for decades — in vain — to give them proper recognition. He believes the government is embarrassed at having sent children into war. "That's a violation of the law and of human rights, isn't it?" Park says. (International treaties say nations may not enlist child soldiers.) He notes that, by contrast, North Korea, which is accused of having an abysmal human rights situation, also had child soldiers during the war but treats them as heroes. Park is eternally grateful for America's help and prays for GIs who died in the war. But he also believes that the U.S. bears some responsibility for the child

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Attack On University In Pakistan Kills At Least 20. -- Fire At Dubai High-Rise Tower Is Blamed On Electrical Issue In Spotlight. And here are more early headlines: Coast Guard Suspends Search Off Hawaii For Missing Marines. (KHON-TV) Portland Demonstrators Tell Armed Group On Federal Land To Go Home. (KOPB) Global Selloff In Asian Markets Continues. (MarketWatch) Report: Kurd Militias Tearing Down Arab Homes In Iraq. (Amnesty International) ISIS Confirms Suspicion That "Jihadi John" Killed. (New York Times) U.S. Official Urges China To Show "Leadership" With North Korea. (Yonhap) Fairy Tales May Be Older Than Some Religions. (Discovery News) To Help Some Farmers, Coconut Trees Aren't Trees Anymore In Indian State. (AP)


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Question: Is It Time To Kill The Penny?

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Editor's note: This is an excerpt of Planet Money's newsletter. You can sign up here. Banks and laundromats are scrambling. Arcades and gumball machine operators are bracing for the worst. Grocery stores are rounding their prices to even dollars or rejecting cash altogether. The specter of the coin shortage lurks everywhere.  Blame COVID-19. The U.S. Mint cut back on coin production this spring to keep its workers safe. Meanwhile, the economy is constipated. "With the closure of the economy, the flow of coins through the economy has ... kind of stopped," explained Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell last month. Coins sit idle in closed stores' cash registers and people's homes, and they're not making it to the banks and companies that need them for business.  The coin shortage could be a rallying cry for a long-running movement that has lost steam in recent years: Kill the penny! Last year, almost 60% of the coins that the U.S. Mint churned out were pennies. 60 percent. It made more than 7 billion pennies. Seven billion. That's a lot of manpower that could be used toward making coins we actually need.  The penny is basically worthless. Actually, it's worse than worthless. It costs the U.S. government about 2 cents to produce every penny. Pennies aren't even worth our time. Wake Forest University economist Robert Whaples has calculated that the typical American worker earns a penny every two seconds. It takes most of us more than two seconds to fumble around with change or pick a penny off the ground, which explains why there are so many pennies on the ground. Money is supposed to be the medium of exchange, not dead weight.  The congressman who tried to kill the penny Jim Kolbe spent two decades trying to kill the penny. He's a former Republican congressman from Arizona, and he began his fight in the late 1980s. Initially, it was not a noble-minded quest to free us of the penny. He says, frankly, that he first wanted to help the copper industry in Arizona by getting rid of the paper dollar and replacing it with a copper-coin dollar. He saw polling that showed there was widespread support for killing the penny, so he and his colleagues bundled the idea of a new copper-coin dollar with the idea of killing the penny. (The penny is made mostly of zinc, not copper.) But over time, Kolbe says, his proposal to kill the penny became more than just a way to help the copper industry. "It was a logical reform that would have saved the U.S. government a lot of money," he says. By the 1990s, Kolbe says, he was introducing new legislation to kill the penny with every new session of Congress. But he kept facing resistance — for example, from the speaker of the House at the time, Dennis Hastert, who represented a district in Illinois, the home state of Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln, of course, is on the penny, and Kolbe says that proved to be a major roadblock. So were special interests such as zinc miners and the company that supplies the "penny blanks" used to mint the penny. Penny defenders' strongest argument was that eliminating it would hurt consumers. All those $9.99 products? The prices would be jacked up to an even $10! They called it the "rounding tax." But Whaples, that penny-researching economist at Wake Forest University, conducted a study of convenience stores and found that the final digit of purchases, which usually involve multiple products and a sales tax, was pretty much random. "And so if you round it to the nearest nickel, the customer wouldn't get gouged," Whaples says. Sometimes you'd round up; other times you'd round down. In the end, it would basically be a wash. For most of U.S. history, we never had a coin as worthless as the penny is now. Back in 1857, we killed the half-cent coin — which, when adjusted for inflation, was as valuable then as about 14 cents is today. And we did just fine. Kolbe, the former congressman, says that when he goes to the store and is handed a useless hunk of metal with Abe Lincoln's face on it, he is "bemused as much as anything because I think it's a good illustration of the problems in our legislative process." The U.S. Mint lost over $72 million making pennies last year. But there doesn't seem to be much urgency about this because in the grand scheme of the federal budget, it's just pennies. We reached out to the U.S. Mint to discuss the coin shortage, and its representative Michael White told us that after retooling to keep its employees safe during the early part of the pandemic, the U.S. Mint has been operating at full capacity since mid-June. But depressed retail activity and reduced deposits by coin processors — like, you know, those machines at the supermarket that exchange your coins for bills — have hampered coin circulation. Since the U.S. Mint went into overdrive to end the coin shortage, White says, about 40% of the coins that it has produced have been pennies.  P.S. You should listen to a great Planet Money episode about the penny, "What's A Penny Worth?" It h

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Is This Pledge a Lemon; Out With the Old, In With the Old; and Time Is on Their Side.


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Question: Congressional Republicans Defy Bush on Port Deal

Madeleine Brand talks with NPR senior correspondent Juan Williams about the busy week in politics. Hot topics: Republicans in Congress rebel against President Bush over the Dubai Ports World deal, and former House Majority Leader Tom DeLay gets a convincing victory in the Texas GOP primary vote, despite the cloud of scandal surrounding him.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: A Turning Point in the Iraq War?

This week, Congress heard two days of testimony on progress in the Iraq war, and President Bush gave an address endorsing a gradual reduction in U.S. troops there. What effect will the week's events have on the future U.S. presence in Iraq? Michele Norris talks with our political observers, E.J. Dionne of The Washington Post and the Brookings Institution, and Richard Lowry of the National Review.

represent the next text To give you a sense - "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth!', 'Our weekly roundup of education news and happenings may make you uncomfortable, but please don\'t ban our inconvenient truths. A Mississippi district bans To Kill A Mockingbird The classic 1960 novel was pulled from a junior high reading list, according to the Biloxi Sun Herald, because some were made "uncomfortable" by the use of the n-word. The decision was roundly criticized. The book was temporarily banned last year from schools in Accomack County, Virginia. New Mexico restores science education standards The state of New Mexico announced that it would restore classroom references to evolution, human-caused climate change and the 4.6-billion-year age of the Earth. The information, all part of mainstream scientific consensus, had been stripped from the state\'s draft science education standards released last month. They were restored after a public outcry. Black graduates, especially, struggle to repay student loans The typical African-American who took out student loans in 2003-2004 owed even more money, not less, after a dozen years. Nearly half of all African-American borrowers ultimately defaulted on their loans, compared with just 29 percent of all students. The defaulters included 75 percent of African-Americans who left for-profit colleges.  Those are the stark results of an analysis of new federal student loan data from the left-leaning Center for American Progress. They found that even when black students earn a bachelor\'s degree, on average they make no progress at all paying down their loans for more than a decade. Loan balances can balloon in this way because of missed payments, penalties or times when payments are suspended because of economic hardship. Ben Miller of the Center for American Progress added that the latest numbers may be even worse than the period covered by this data. 17 states and D.C. sue Betsy DeVos over for-profit college rules In a suit filed Tuesday, a group of Democratic attorneys general are challenging the education secretary\'s decision to suspend the "gainful employment" rule. Previously in July, a similar group filed suit over the secretary\'s rollback of the "borrower defense to repayment" rule. Both rules were aimed at predatory or fraudulent for-profit colleges. As we\'ve reported:  The "gainful employment" rule sanctions individual programs at colleges and universities based on how many students are able to pay back their loans. The "borrower defense to repayment" rule smooths the way for students to get their loans forgiven if their college is found to engage in fraudulent behavior, a situation that has befallen tens of thousands of students at Corinthian Colleges and ITT Technical Institute, among others, in the last few years.  Liz Hill, a spokeswoman for the department, said in a statement: "This is just the latest in a string of frivolous lawsuits filed by Democratic attorneys general who are only seeking to score quick political points." New Education Department appointee is a foe of federal regulations Politico reports that Hans Bader, who until last week worked at a libertarian think tank, will join the department\'s Office of General Counsel. He previously served in the department\'s Office of Civil Rights in the George W. Bush administration. He is on record as a critic of the stepped-up enforcement of civil rights by Obama\'s education department, particularly its actions on campus sexual assault. DeVos has thrown out these Obama-era guidelines and the department is now writing new ones. Florida declares a state of emergency over campus appearance by white nationalist Richard Spencer, who was a headliner at the alt-right rally in Charlottesville, Va., that turned deadly, rented a hall for a speech at the University of Florida this week, rather than being invited by a campus-affiliated group. Extra security for Thursday\'s appearance was estimated to cost the university more than a half-million dollars. Gov. Rick Scott declared a countywide state of emergency in order to coordinate a security plan. Hecklers shouted Spencer down; at least three people were arrested in connection with the protests. Spencer has similar upcoming appearances at the University of Cincinnati and Ohio State University. These visits have raised debate and led to legal wrangling over hate speech vs. free speech at public and private universities. Newark schools have improved, says Harvard study A new analysis says reading scores have risen for fourth- through eighth-graders. Most of the improvement, said researchers, came from closing low-performing schools. The city\'s schools have been scrutinized nationwide since Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg donated $100 million in 2010. Library fines erased for New York City children Another bright spot this week: A philanthropic foundation has contributed $2.25 million to erase the public library fines of children under 18 in all five boroughs of New York City. An estimated 1 in 5 children\'s library cards had been blocked because of overdue boo']" should be close to "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'DeVos Is Sued By 17 States; Richard Spencer And Colleges; Race and Student Loans']"

Stories: 1) Lawrence Wright: Bin Laden's Death 'Long In Coming' 2) How Some Made Millions Betting Against The Market


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Question: For Md. Sailors, a Sockless Rite of Spring

The sailors in Annapolis, Md., herald the season by taking off their socks. Believing that real boaters go sockless until fall, these guys add to their spring ritual with a ceremonial sock-burning.

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Stories: 1) A Mass Grave In Afghanistan Raises Questions 2) In Ederle Bio, A Channel-Crosser's Defiant Spirit 3) With 'Wilco', Wilco Shows Its Earnest Side


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Question: Listener Limerick Challenge

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How to protest without leaving  the couch; a childhood toy gets a super-charged makeover; Purina  Genuine Draft...

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: New York Probes Solutions For City's Overweight Children

In New York City, a recent report showed that 40 percent of the city's schoolchildren are overweight or obese. Host Michel Martin discusses about what’s being done to address the problem that strikes primarily poor sections of the city with Dr. Olajide Williams, who has launched a health education program for children in Harlem.  Also weighing in is Lori Rose Benson who is the executive director for the Office of School Wellness Programs in New York City.

Stories: 1) Economists Krugman, Butler On Funding Health Care 2) 'Going Away' From Excess With The Fiery Furnaces