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Question: Senate GOP Reveals Health Care Bill

Senate Republicans have released their health care bill. They are hoping to have a vote before the July Fourth recess.

UC Regents Discuss Executive Pay. Ballot Measure to Crack Down on Sex Offenders. End Music.


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Question: Court:Reselling Books Bought Abroad Isn't A Copyright Violation

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The Supreme Court ruled that Americans have the right to resell goods bought and made overseas. This is a win for consumers, but bad news for publishers and other manufacturers who like to price products differently around the world.

Good Thursday morning, here are our early stories: In Israel And Gaza Strip: More Explosions, Deaths On Both Sides. BP Expected To Plead Guilty, Pay Record Fine In Gulf Oil Spill Criminal Case. And here are more headlines: Gen. Petraeus Agrees To Testify Before Congress On Benghazi Attack. (Los Angeles Times) Home Foreclosures Up In Oct., But Fall From Last Year's Level. (Reuters) Eurozone Countries Plunge Back Into Recession. (BBC) Ill Indian Woman Denied Abortion In Ireland, Dies. (AFP) Colorado Theater Shooting Suspect In Hospital After Ramming Head Into Jail Wall. (Denver Post) States Face Friday Deadline On Whether To Run Health Insurance Exchanges. (McClatchy Newspapers) Ecuador To Kill Millions Of Rats To Preserve Galapagos Islands Rare Species. (AP) World's Biggest Liar Contest Coming In England: Politicians, Lawyers Not Allowed. (AP)


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Question: Snow Forecast for Mountain Passes Christmas Weekend

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If you're driving across Washington's Interstate 90 Snoqualmie Pass to visit friends and family this weekend, make note of this warning from the Washington State Department of Transportation: DOT officials say Saturday morning is NOT the best time to drive to grandma's house.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- In China, Obama Touts Visa Deal, Progress On Free-Trade Pact. -- Bombing At Nigerian High School Kills Dozens. -- Will Jeb Bush Run For President? His Brother Says Maybe. -- Study: Detergent Pods Can Harm Children Who Play With Them. And here are more early headlines: Chinese, Japanese Leaders Meet In Ice-Breaking Talks. (Wall Street Journal) Frigid Weather Plunging South Into U.S., Brings Sub-Normal Temps. (USA Today) 3 Astronauts Return Safely From International Space Station. (CBS) Talks Extended Into Monday For Iran's Nuclear Program. (Reuters) Bombings In Afghanistan Kill Afghan Security Officers. (VOA) Survey Finds Regular Gas Prices Down 13 Cents In Last 2 Weeks. (AP)


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Question: Letters: Recovering From Brain Injuries

Host Neal Conan reads from listener emails and web comments on previous show topics including recovering from traumatic brain injury, our fascination with the end of the world, and how to teach kids about money.

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Stories: 1) Former Hostage On Protecting Journalists 2) Helping Journalists Beat Post-Traumatic Stress


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Question: To Bash or Not to Bash

Opponents of adding gays and lesbians to federal hate crimes protections say they're not needed and punish free speech. Hogwash, says Clyde Wadsworth.

Korva reads three quotes from the weeks news: Does Another One Bite The Dust?, Liar, Liar ... Pants On Fire, and Thank You Siri, May I Have Another.


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Question: Governor Napolitano on Here and Now

Governor Napolitano joined Steve Goldstein on KJZZ's Here and Now.  As part of her usual monthly visit, she talked about issues facing the state, campaign politics and answered listener comments and questions as well.

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Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Washington's Weiner; Sarah Palin's Mystery Tour; A Good Reason to Hang up the Phone.


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Question: 'March Madness' Isn't Just About Men

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We knew at least one "cinderella" team would make it to the finals of the men's Division I NCAA basketball championship. Either Virginia Commonwealth or Butler — who faced each other Saturday night — would be playing in the title game. The team that's still alive is Butler. It plays the University of Connecticut for the championship tonight in Houston. Game time: 9:23 p.m. ET. What few figured, though, was that Tuesday night's women's championship will be between two teams that had to beat heavily favored opponents to get there. Texas A&M, which yesterday defeated Stanford 63-62, will play Notre Dame, which beat Connecticut 72-63. The game's set for 8:30 p.m. ET tomorrow night, in Indianapolis. NPR's Tom Goldman says this all just proves that "March madness" applies to women as well as men. On Morning Edition, Tom and NPR's Mike Pesca rounded up the news and looked ahead to the championships. Update at 3:35 p.m. ET: Think you're pretty good at picking winners? Well, only one person out of 3 million got the men's Final Four right in Yahoo!'s online contest. And she's picking UConn to win tonight.

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The provided query could be "['', 'Walk down the aisle of your local pharmacy or grocery store and you\'ll be bombarded by a dizzying array of bleaching products, from gels and strips to paint-on bleach. Cosmetic tooth bleaching is a $3.2 billion global industry, according to market analysts, and it\'s getting bigger fast. It\'s easy to see why. Strikingly white, bright smiles dominate TV and social media, and people tend to prefer the bright teeth of youth rather than those that have been yellowed by trauma or age. But if you decide that you, too, want a brighter smile, it\'s hard to know where to start. "I\'m a dentist, but I\'m also a consumer and I can certainly get confused by all the products," says Ruchi Sahota who practices in Fremont, Calif. A colleague of hers describes the tooth product aisle in stores as the "dental aisle of confusion," because there are so many options. "You can easily get bewildered standing there trying to figure out which option is the best," she says. The dilemma isn\'t helped by regulators. Tooth whitening products don\'t need approval from the Food and Drug Administration before hitting the market, because the agency considers them "cosmetic," a designation that\'s much more lightly regulated than drugs. And, the FDA says it has not determined that any ingredients contained in currently marketed products are unsafe. The American Dental Association does offer some guidance in choosing a bleaching product — its ADA seal of acceptance. "The seal is rooted in science," says chemist Jamie Spomer, director of the ADA\'s seal of acceptance program; she notes that when a manufacturer applies for the seal, an independent panel of dentists analyzes the company\'s data and sometimes performs studies of their own. The seal is a "symbol that an independent panel reviewed and approved the product for its safety and effectiveness," Spomer says. Many toothpastes carry the ADA seal. So far only one over-the-counter-bleaching product does — Crest 3D White Glamorous White Whitestrips. Even so, Sahota says many over-the-counter products that don\'t carry the seal can still be effective if used as directed. Most cause some tooth sensitivity during the bleaching process, but that goes away once the process is complete, she says. Depending on which product is used, bleaching can take anywhere from two to six weeks. And, if you\'re not careful, Sahota says the products can leak onto the gums, causing inflammation and "extra sensitivity" to pressure, temperature and touch. A safer but more costly option might be to buy a custom-made tray from your dentist, Sahota says. Unlike the one-size-fits-all trays sold over the counter, a dentist makes the tray "just for you" she says. The tray hugs the teeth and ensures the gel is kept where it should be and is evenly applied. The kits cost about $400; this at-home whitening process can take up to four weeks, depending on how stained the teeth are to begin with. Generally, the trays are worn for one or two hours a day. If you want an even faster route, you\'ll have to pay more. Bleaching in the dental office can run more than $1,000, but results are quick and more dramatic. Dentists use bleaching gels that rely on high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (up to 40 percent hydrogen peroxide, compared to a 5 to 6 percent concentration in drugstore kits and a 10 to 15 percent solution in the home-kits from dentists). So the whole process in the dentist\'s office can take just an hour or two to complete. And because the peroxide concentrations used there are much higher, the results can be many shades lighter than with take-home kits and over-the-counter products. An important caveat: Insurance companies consider in-office teeth whitening "cosmetic" so the procedures are almost never covered. Nonetheless, more Americans are opting for in-office whitening. In 2015, in-office bleaching procedures rose 29 percent over the year before, according to an American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry survey. And there\'s at least a little evidence that the whiter the smile the more attractive the person – in a 2012 study both men and women said they prefer white teeth when choosing a mate. But go to the dentist before you start bleaching, says Ada Cooper, a New York City dentist. "Tooth discoloration can be caused by cavities and other oral problems," she says. "It\'s more important to maintain healthy teeth." It\'s also important to note that not all stains are the same. Some are mostly on the surface of the teeth and come from consuming lots of dark colored liquids like coffee, tea and red wine, as well as foods with vibrant yellow spices like turmeric. The tar and nicotine from cigarettes are also huge culprits. Often surface stains can be diminished by routine brushing, flossing and biannual professional cleaning in the dentist\'s office. Unfortunately, there are deeper stains you just can\'t avoid by being careful about what you eat and drink. These come with aging and years of chewing, which causes millions of tiny cracks ']" and the positive "['Represent this text to find its subtitle about the same news but with slightly more depth', "Navigating The 'Aisle Of Confusion' To Whiten Your Teeth"]"

Stories: 1) Going 'One On One' With Sports' Greatest Stars 2) At Midseason, Serial Dramas Serve Up Big Twists


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Given ['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Letters:  Kindle Fire; Baseball Playoffs'] it matches with ['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Michele Norris and Melissa Block read letters from listeners.'] but not with ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR.', 'Shock market; Chiefs and Bucks and Bradys, Oh My!; A ruff White House report.']

Question: Listen Again: Meditations on Loneliness

Original broadcast date: April 24, 2020.  We're a social species now living in isolation. But loneliness was a problem well before this era of social distancing. This hour, TED speakers explore how we can live and make peace with loneliness.  Guests on the show include author and illustrator Jonny Sun, psychologist Susan Pinker, architect Grace Kim, and writer Suleika Jaouad.

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A Grand Tradition, Bill Frisell Interview, Hope Come True, Portrait of Madame X, Gallery Talk - Watercolors, Conscious Choice Cinema


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Question: Despite Surprises, Oscars Wasn't a Big Ratings Success

Crash pulled a major upset at the Academy Awards, snatching the Best Picture award from front-runner Brokeback Mountain. Despite that surprise, this year's awards show was not a big ratings success. The audience dip makes ABC and the Academy nervous.


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Question: 'Weird Al's' Advice: Follow Your Muse To 'Grow Up'

"Weird Al" Yankovic has satirized Kurt Cobain in "Smells Like Nirvana," where marbles fall out of the singer's mouth (instead of intelligible lyrics), and done a scene-by-scene remake of Michael Jackson's "Beat It," called "Eat It," but there's one thing he had not created until now – a children's book When I Grow Up, by Al Yankovic (credited without the usual accompanying "Weird") and illustrated by Wes Hargis, tells the story of Billy, an 8-year-old boy asked by his teacher what he wants to be when he grows up. Billy comes up with rather unique answers, and Yankovic read aloud one of Billy's ideas to Liane Hansen on Weekend Edition Sunday:  Or else maybe I'll be the lathe operator Who makes the hydraulic torque wrench calibrator Which fine-tunes the wrench that's specifically made To retighten the nuts on the lateral blade That's directly beneath the main radial sockets Inside cooling systems on X-14 rockets  When Yankovic himself was 8, he told his guidance counselor he wanted to be a writer for Mad magazine. But the guidance counselor convinced him that there was "not much of a future in comedy" and advised him to pursue a real career, like architecture (because Yankovic was good at math and drafting). Three years into college, Yankovic realized he didn't have the same passion for being an architect that his classmates did. "They had a fire in their belly about architecture, and they'd look at a building and say, 'Oh, look at the negative space and the positive space, and the form following the function!' and I'd say, 'Yeah, it's a building. Great.'" Luckily, while at college, Yankovic joined the college radio station. While he considered himself to be a "shy kind of kid," he felt encouraged to be more outspoken and boisterous on the radio, coming up with characters, gags and funny music. Yankovic says his father always told him that the only true sign of success is being able to make a living doing the thing that makes you truly happy. He hopes that sentiment comes across in When I Grow Up. "The message that I'm trying to get across to kids is that there is in fact a universe of possibilities out there," he says. There's even the possibility of being a gorilla masseuse — one of Billy's career ideas. Hargis provided an illustration for that image, as well as another drawing of Billy milking a giraffe. Those career paths may not pan out, but Billy eventually learns this lesson from his 103-year-old grandfather, who has had multiple career changes over the course of his lifetime. "You don't need to be defined by your job," Yankovic says. "You can really kind of follow your muse." &nbsp;

Stories: 1) John Waters: A Bad Influence Picks His 'Role Models' 2) Summer Titles That Will Transport You Into The Past 3) Elizabeth Cook: Transcending A Cult Career


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Question: Caroline Shaw And Sō Percussion, 'To The Sky'

"To the Sky" quietly awakens with gentle humming and a softly rumbling marimba. Gradually the song blooms, and near the end Caroline Shaw's voice bursts open in pure radiant sunshine. It's another stunning moment in the career of the composer – the youngest to win the Pulitzer in music – who has been slowly following her own path, earning commissions, collaborating with Kanye West and even acting in Mozart in the Jungle. Now for the first time she's released an album that puts her voice alone at the forefront of her music.  Let the Soil Play Its Simple Part is a joint effort with the band Sō Percussion and it showcases Shaw's flexible voice – clear as a mountain stream, flowing with expression in many directions.

Stories: 1) The Rise And Fall Of The Comanche 'Empire' 2) Jimmie Dale Gilmore: Classic Sounds On 'Heirloom Music' 3) A 'Paris' Review: Woody Allen, In Fine Form


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Question: Making It In The Big Leagues Was A 'Long Shot' For Catcher Mike Piazza

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Back in 1988, it wasn't until the 62nd round of the Major League Baseball Amateur Draft that the Los Angeles Dodgers finally picked Mike Piazza. Nobody expected him to make it in the big leagues. But he did. He made his major league debut with the Dodgers on Sept. 1, 1992, and he hit his first home run just 12 days later. "Everyone thought I could hit, and I knew I could hit," Piazza tells Fresh Air's Dave Davies, "but I think to be able to catch — and catch Orel Hershiser and Jim Gott and Roger McDowell and Kevin Gross and these veteran guys ... I think that was probably more of a question mark than my hitting." Piazza went on to win the National League's Rookie of the Year Award and to become a 12-time All-Star. The title of Piazza's new memoir — Long Shot — reflects his odds of becoming a baseball star. In the book, Piazza talks about his life in the game and as a star player put in the media spotlight. There were rumors in the media that he was gay — he maintains that he is not — and that he had an ongoing feud for years with pitcher Roger Clemens. Piazza says his feud with Clemens has become, for lack of a better word, "one of the highlights" of his career. "I just had to surrender and embrace the fact that people want to know about it," he says. As for his feelings about Clemens now that years have passed since they've played against each other, Piazza says he has always wanted to face the best pitchers, "the closers, the guys that were intimidators, so to speak." Clemens, from Piazza's point of view, is such a guy. Piazza retired in 2007 and admits the transition was not easy. "It is like a small death, I guess, in a way," he says. " ... My wife always laughed because when I was home for the first year she was thinking, 'This should be a celebration. We should be drinking champagne and toasting a great career.' But I was somewhat depressed. I wouldn't say clinically, but it's tough because it's the only thing you've ever known as an adult. It's the only thing I've ever done. It gives you purpose, it gives you a sense of contribution, and then it's gone."  Interview Highlights On his father's encouragement "My father ... really was a fanatic about baseball and really dreamed almost — sometimes more — than I did about becoming a major league player, and when I was about 11, he constructed a backyard hitting cage — a batting cage — with a machine, an automatic feeder, and so I was able to go out there many, many days in all types of weather and tirelessly hit, you know, again and again, hit curve balls, hit different types of pitches. The machine was able to do that." On his father's childhood friend, Tommy Lasorda, taking an interest in his career and getting him to the big leagues "I'd like to believe that my talent would have eventually carried me there, but I think being with the Dodgers in that unique position of having Tommy sort of look out for me and guide me in a way did help. Of course, I still had to put up the numbers and do the job, but Tommy was there. He worked with me many hours in spring training. ... He threw balls in the dirt and he would throw us batting practice, and we worked. I mean, to be honest with you ... I don't want to be that old guy who's like, 'Back when I played ...' but I do believe that back when I played, we worked. ... I mean, Tommy, after a game, would pull the batting cage out and we'd hit after the game, and now guys play five innings ... and they're home, they're on the golf course." On playing in New York City "New York, I've said many times, it's twice as good when you're winning and twice as bad when you're losing. ... A lot of players never could do it. I mean, they just couldn't deal with the media, maybe the off-field attractions, maybe just the pressure there. Some guys were happier being in some of the smaller cities. For me, I always looked at it as a challenge and I tried to be as accommodating as possible ... but I realized that you do have to set limits, and I think New York, in a way, wants you at times to be too available, and I had to sort of pull in the reins and strike a balance between being available and being a personality and letting my personal side out and getting my job done, because I knew that the most important thing on the field was my performance, and everything else needed to take a back seat." On his July 2000 confrontation with Roger Clemens "I got to the night game, and I'm first at bat and I took a pitch strike, which I usually do in my first at bat, and my next pitch, obviously, was right at my head and hit my helmet. And at the last second I was able to put my head down and at least not get hit in the face or the eye, which I thought was very dangerous, you know. I got into the clubhouse obviously [and] was a little woozy. I mean, I suffered a concussion and ... the doctor was a Yankees doctor and he was checking me out, and as soon as I got into the clubhouse he said, 'Well, Roger's on the phone.' ... At that time I was not in

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Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


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Question: Biggest SUVs May Face Fuel Economy Standards

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The Bush administration is considering a requirement that some of the biggest SUVs meet fuel economy standards for the first time. Vehicles weighing between 8,500 and 10,000 pounds have been exempt from the standards. If regulators change the rules, automakers would likely have until 2011 to meet the new targets.

UC Regents Discuss Executive Pay. Ballot Measure to Crack Down on Sex Offenders. End Music.


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Question: Letters from Listeners

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It's Thursday. NPR's Michele Norris and NPR's Robert Siegel read a selection of listener letters from the past week.

Wedding Announcements from Kasper Hauser's upcoming book Weddings of the Times.


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Question: Excerpt: 'Made For Goodness'

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Chapter 1 Impimpi! ("Informer!") In the bad old days of apartheid the accusation was deadly. Any black person suspected of collaborating with the hated South African security police risked a grisly death. Here the suspected informer was down on the ground, beaten and bloodied. Tempers in the crowd were already frayed. It was yet another in a long procession of the struggle funerals: Duduza Township, east of Johannesburg, in July 1985. It was thought that police had killed the four young men we had come to bury. And now the crowd had their hands on a man they accused of being a police spy. They were preparing the petrol-filled tire that was to be his fiery "necklace." Without pausing to think, I waded into the middle of the angry mob. "Do you accept us as your leaders?" I asked. They seemed rather reluctant, mumbling. "If you accept us as your leaders, you have to listen to us and stop what you are doing." As I desperately tried to reason with the crowd a car arrived, and my colleague Bishop Simeon Nkoane was able to spirit the injured man away. It was only afterward, when I saw it on television, that I considered my own peril. I tell this not as a story of my heroism but as an illustration of the violence we can inflict upon one another. I am no dispassionate observer of the litany of crime and cruelty that assaults us at every turn. For three long years I served as the chairman of South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission, our attempt to cleanse our nation's soul from the evil of apartheid. For days on end I listened to horrific stories of abuse. I cannot tell you how many times my heart broke as I listened to the confessions of perpetrators and the testimony of victims. Indeed, at times I became sick to my stomach at the horror of what I heard. It is not only what I have heard of human depravity that has made my stomach churn, but also what I have seen. As the president of the All Africa Conference of Churches, I made a pastoral visit to Rwanda in 1995, a year after the genocide. I went to Ntarama, where hundreds of Tutsis had fled to the church for safety. The year 1994 was not the first time that interethnic violence had gripped Rwanda. With each previous eruption of fighting any church became a refuge, a sanctuary from the insanity beyond its walls. In 1994 the Hutu Power movement respected no sanctuary. Tutsi people were slaughtered in churches throughout Rwanda. The Ntarama church was no different. It provided no safety for the people, mostly women and children, who had cowered there. The floor was strewn with a record of the horror that had occurred in that place. Clothing and suitcases were scattered among the bones. The small skulls of children lay shattered on the floor. The new government had not removed the corpses, so the church was like a mortuary, with the bodies lying as they had fallen the year before. The stench was overpowering. Outside the church building was a collection of skulls, some still stuck with machetes and daggers. I tried to pray. I could only weep. All over the world people have inflicted unspeakable violence on other people. On missions to the Sudan, to Gaza, and to Northern Ireland I have borne witness to some of the viciousness that human beings can unleash on each other. Brutality can be as intimate as it is global. Our cruelties are played out in the intimacy of our own homes and neighborhoods as much as they are experienced on the world stage. I have shared my daughter Mpho's anguish as she has described some of her experiences in ministry to me. She has worked with rape survivors in South Africa: a fifteen-year-old girl who spent countless nights sleeping in the school bathroom to escape her father's molestation and her mother's rage and impotence. Mpho cared for an eight-year-old girl twice violated by a neighbor. Because the neighbor had threatened to kill her family, the frightened child named someone else as the perpetrator the first time she was molested. It was only after the second assault that she dared to tell the truth. My daughter sat with an eighty-year old woman brutalized by a stranger. She listened as the doctor who attended the victim struggled to contain her own distress: "The genital lacerations were so ragged and awful, I hardly knew where to begin to sew her up." In Massachusetts, Mpho worked with women of many races and every economic stratum who had fled from domestic violence to homelessness. She has been with wealthy women too ashamed to turn to their friends for support or shelter, and poor women who had nowhere to go. She has provided pastoral counseling to families struggling with the effects of substance abuse: loss of livelihood, loss of self-respect, frayed family ties, and, often, violence. As married persons, as priests, and as parents we have both encountered the disappointments, failures, and despair that can infect human relationships. Hearing my mother's screams and my father's drunken beatings, I have known that noxious b

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Stories: 1) Alan Ball, Talking 'True Blood' and 'Towelhead' 2) Novelist, Songwriter Say 'You Are All My People'


Question: Nanotechnology Research and Development

Guest: Irfan Ahmad, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at the University of Illinois; Mark A. Shannon, Director of the Center of Advanced Materials for Purification of Water With Systems Center; Dietram A. Scheufele, Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Life Sciences Communication at the University of Wisconsin

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: The Big Banking Overhaul Most People Haven't Heard Of

Quick: Who writes the  rules to keep us safe from future financial crises? If you said  Congress, you're only half right. There's another body that writes rules  for the financial system, and it's just as important as  Congress. But it gets much less attention. The Basel  Committee on Banking Supervision, made up of banking regulators from around the world, is in the midst of hammering out a new set of rules. They will decide, among other things, how much money banks have to hold in reserve as a cushion against losses. That's one of the most important factors that determines whether banks can withstand a crisis. The  meetings, held in Basel, Switzerland, are closed to the press. And none  of the U.S. regulators who have attended would talk to me about what goes on there. After making lots of phone calls to  lots of potential sources, I eked out one detail about what it's like to  be inside the rooms where the meetings are held. Read More: Round rooms, no windows "They're circular rooms, because it's in a tower," Barbara Matthews, a banking expert at a company called BCM, told me. "No windows." Inside those windowless rooms, the regulators face a fundamental tension. Making the banking system safer means making it  harder for banks to  lend money. That makes it harder for banks to earn big profits. It  also makes everything from getting a mortgage to using a credit card  slightly more expensive for consumers. And it makes it harder for   businesses to expand, to hire people. But it's clear which way things are heading. "The overriding perception is the banks were too free with their money to begin with -- that's part of what helped get us into this mess," says Matthews, who used to work as a lobbyist for the banking industry. "And so the regulators from around the world are looking to make it harder for banks to lend." Earlier this week, the Basel Committee came out with a report arguing that requiring banks to hold more money in reserve would improve economic growth in the long run, partly by avoiding long recessions. The Institute for International Finance, Matthews' former employer, issued its own report in June, saying the proposed new Basel rules would result in lower economic growth and fewer new jobs. "You have to think about regulation as an  arms race," says Stephen Cecchetti, an economist at the Bank for International Settlements, home to the Basel Committee. "So every day, the banks wake up looking for a way around  it. And the regulators and the supervisors look for a way to try to contain the next thing they do." STEVE INSKEEP, host:  Preventing the next financial crisis is not entirely up to Americans. Some of the world's most important financial rules are written by a little known group in a small European city.  Here's Alex Bloomberg of our Planet Money team.  ALEX BLUMBERG: The town is Basel in northwest Switzerland. And these meetings that are held there are attended by banking regulators from all over the world. But they're close to the press and none of the regulators from the U.S. who go there would talk to me. So here's the one detail I could eek out about where these meetings are held.  Ms. BARBARA MATTHEWS (Managing Director, BCM): They're circular rooms, because it's in a tower. No windows.  BLUMBERG: This is Barbara Matthews, an expert on international banking regulation at a company called BCM, and we'll get to what she was doing in these circular, windowless rooms in a second. But first, some background.  The group that meets in these rooms is the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. It's made up of banking regulators from 27 different countries, and you can think of what they do this way. Countries pass laws with broad mandates. For example, banks have to be safer by holding more money in reserve. But how much more money? That is where Basel comes in.  Mr. STEPHEN CECHETTI (Economist): These are details, and these are the sorts of things that at least in principle the Basel process works on.  BLUMBERG: That's Stephen Cechetti, an economist at the Bank for International Settlements, home to the Basel Committee. And Cechetti says these details, there is a lot of fighting about them.  Mr. CECHETTI: You have to think about regulation as an arms race.  (Soundbite of laughter)  Mr. CECHETTI: You're laughing, but I'm serious. And the arms race is between the regulators and the supervisors on the one side and the banks on the other side. So every day the banks wake up looking for a way around it and the regulators and the supervisors look for a way to try and contain the next thing they do.  BLUMBERG: And that brings us back to Barbara Matthews, who you heard at the beginning talking about the windowless circular rooms. She was in those rooms as part of her old job, as a lobbyist for the international banking industry. And she says you might not have heard of Basel, but the bankers, they sure have.  And they're pretty nervous about this next set of rules. That's because to make the ba

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Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Most Victims Of Friday's Massacre In Syria Were Executed, U.N. Says. -- Good News: Beryl Weakened. Better News: It Drenched Parched Areas. -- Italy Rocked By Second Deadly Quake. -- How Do You Spell Precocious? 6-Year-Old Spelling Bee Contestant Would Know. Other top stories: -- "Secret 'Kill List' Proves a Test of Obama's Will and Principles." (The New York Times) -- "Meet 'Flame,' The Massive Spy Malware Infiltrating Iran's Computers." (Wired's Threat Level blog) -- "Romney Ready To Claim GOP Nomination After Texas Primary Today." (The Associated Press) -- Jury In John Edwards Trial Starts Seventh Day Of Deliberations. (The Associated Press) -- Bob Dylan, Madeleine Albright, John Glenn To Each Receive Medal Of Freedom Today. (Minnesota Public Radio)


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Question: Software industry wants consumers to rat on software pirates who sell on eBay

Software industry offers a bounty for turning in software pirates who sell their counterfit goods on eBay

Two weeks ago, the Recording Industry Association of America announced plans to sue music fans who illegally swap copyright songs online.  But some techies are already working on programs that help people share files while evading the recording industry. Laura Sydell reports.


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Question: The Second Amendment

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Following the Virginia Tech shootings, the show examines the Second Amendment and efforts to further regulate personal firearms.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: The Weedstream Media; The Blame Game; The Grip On Germs.


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Question: Deal Is Done: Chrysler Belongs To Fiat

CEO Sergio Marchionne of Fiat is now CEO of Chrysler as well, thanks to the closing of the deal that puts the U.S. automaker in the hands of the Italian company. As the Detroit News puts it, the deal combines "the good assets from the bankrupt Chrysler and technology from Fiat" to form a company that will focus on smaller, more fuel efficient vehicles than Chrysler has been known for in recent years. The Associated Press notes that Fiat "won't put any money into the deal but will give Chrysler billions worth of small car and engine technology."

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Manning Could Face Decades In Prison; Hearing Starts Today. -- Forgotten In Cell For Days, Student Reaches $4.1 Million Settlement. And here are more early headlines: NSA Leaker's Father Says FBI Asked Him To Call Son Home. (Washington Post) Polls Open In Zimbabwe; President Denies Vote Tampering. (The Telegraph) Syria's President Joins Instagram, Doesn't Show War Images. (CNN) Former Italian Leader Berlusconi Asks Court To Overturn Fraud Conviction. (BBC) French Luxury Watch Store Robbed Days After Thief Stole Diamonds In Same Area. (The Associated Press) EADS Changes Name to Airbus, Highlighting Role Of Aircraft. (Bloomberg) Australia Finishing Kangaroo Cull To Stop Overgrazing. (Canberra Times) Actress Eileen Brennan Dies, Received Oscar Nod For 'Private Benjamin.' (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Republicans End a Week of Divisions

Melissa Block talks with David Corn, Washington editor of The Nation, and David Brooks, columnist for The New York Times. They'll discuss the White House leaks authorized by President Bush and Vice President Cheney, and the GOP tension over the immigration bill.

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Stem Cell Group Considers Research Grant Applications. Court Blocks New Sex Offender Law Pending Review. Nation's Latino Voters Leaned Democratic. End Music.


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Question: 3 Things To Know About Edward Snowden's Passenger Purgatory

"NSA leaker" Edward Snowden is reportedly still in Moscow's Sheremetyevo Airport, where he arrived June 23 on a flight from Hong Kong. We say reportedly because there hasn't been much official word about his whereabouts since Tuesday, when Russian President Vladimir Putin said Snowden was in the airport's transit zone, hadn't really crossed into Russian territory and was free to leave if he could get a visa from another nation. While everyone waits to see what happens next — asylum in Ecuador or perhaps Iceland, extradition to the U.S., or a mysterious disappearance? — here are three things we find interesting about the now-30-year-old Snowden's legal limbo: -- He'd Have To Stay There Until Mid-2031 To Claim The Title. There's no official record-book for this feat, but it would appear that the person who has spent the longest time stuck in an international airport's transit zone is Mehran Karimi Nasseri. He's the Iranian man who had his passport and other papers stolen while on his way to London, and then ended up stranded in Terminal 1 of Paris' Charles De Gaulle from August 1988 to July 2006, when an illness convinced French authorities to allow him to leave. As Historic Wings magazine tells its readers:  "Mehran was essentially living the life of a homeless man on the streets — except that his street was the airport. He looked and lived like the homeless, dragging his things around with him. He had even made claim to a certain red chair — his spot in the airport. ... He didn't work and he got by from day to day. The highpoint of this period was that in 2003, Steven Spielberg purchased the rights to his story — reportedly for $250,000, plus some rights to a percentage of ongoing profits. Mehran's salvaged luggage soon carried signs advertising the 2004 movie, The Terminal, which was loosely based on his life at Terminal 1. Even then, he lived as before — in a fragile psychological state, depending on found free meal vouchers and passing his days reading every book in the bookstore."  Mehran's last known address was a homeless shelter in Paris. -- Transit Zones Really Do Put You In Something Of A Legal Limbo. "Airport transit zones are weird places," writes The Washington Post's Caitlin Dewey. "That space technically falls under no specific jurisdiction, a legal convention evolved to make travel and passport control more convenient. But it also doubles, conveniently, as an excuse for non-intervention in highly politicized or troublesome cases, when acting would provoke some kind of diplomatic snafu." Russian authorities have let travelers languish in limbo at Sheremetyevo Airport before. "For years the transit lounge at Terminal F was also home to succeeding generations of refugees fleeing conflicts in Somalia and Afghanistan," writes Christian Caryl at the website of Foreign Policy magazine. "Because Russia hadn't established a procedure for recognizing asylum applications, many of those refugees — who, like Snowden, didn't have the proper documentation to enter the country — preferred staying in the airport to returning to their countries of origin. You'd see them sleeping on pieces of cardboard in secluded corners on that second floor, or washing up in the bathrooms." -- But If Russian Authorities Wanted To Intervene, Their Laws Say They Could. It's right there on the website of Russia's U.S. embassy:  "TRANSIT VISA "Transit visa is required if the period of stay in Russia exceeds 24 hours or a traveler needs to change the airport. "To apply for a transit visa, an applicant should submit to the Consular Division a completed visa application form, national passport, one standard picture, Money Order (see points 1-4 of General Information), as well as: "-- Visa of the destination country;"-- Tickets for the whole itinerary."  But, as NPR's Michele Kelemen said on Morning Edition:  "It's really PR heaven for Putin. The U.S. often accuses Russia, as it does China, of cybercrimes. So here's a guy who's been leaking documents about massive U.S. government surveillance programs. So this really offers Russia a chance to point out what it sees as American double standards."  Related: Vice President Biden asks Ecuador not to give Snowden asylum. (Reuters)

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Good afternoon. Sorry for being late in our daily roundup. Here's what has been happening so far today: -- Search For Missing Jet Focuses On Objects Seen Off Australia -- Ukrainian Troops' Departure From Crimea Isn't A Simple Matter -- U.S. Adds To Sanctions On Russian Officials -- Westboro Baptist Church Founder Rev. Fred Phelps Sr. Dies -- Reprimand, $20K Fine, No Jail Time For General's Misconduct -- Jobless Claims Stay Toward Lower End Of Recent Range -- Book News: Meg Wolitzer To Publish A YA Novel Inspired By Sylvia Plath


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Question: As Holidays Near, Congressional Standoff Continues

The Republican House and Democratic Senate pushed their game of chicken closer to the precipice Thursday, with a government shutdown threat looming at midnight Friday. Both maneuvered to be able to blame the other — should things fall apart and the government actually runs out of money to operate. NPR's Tamara Keith joins Lynn Neary with the latest.

Good Friday morning - here are our early stories: Strong Earthquake Strikes Japan, Triggering Small Tsunami. And here are more early headlines: Skittish Investors Waiting For Latest Unemployment Rate News. (MarketWatch) Egyptian Opposition Refuses To Hold Talks With President Morsi. (BBC) Hamas Political Leader Visits Gaza For Visit After Conflict With Israel. (Bloomberg) Syria Situation Is 'Accelerating', Warns Clinton. (CNN) Hurricane Kills More Than 500 In Philippines, Just As Many Missing. (VOA) George Zimmerman Sues NBC For 'Yellow Journalism' In Martin Shooting Coverage. (Orlando Sentinel) Report: U.S. Seeks To Ease Rules On Brain Injury And Veterans' Benefits. (New York Times) NHL Contract Talks Break Down Again; No Pro Hockey On Horizon. (ESPN) Whale Carcass Rotting In Malibu Emits 'Severe' Stench For Residents. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Bob Costas Is Terribly Disappointed In Sports, Culture, And You

During Sunday night's NBC broadcast of the Steelers-Chiefs game, Bob Costas took a moment to share some thoughts, which started like this: "For those of you too busy keeping up with the Kardashians to notice, we live in a culture that in many ways grows more stupid and graceless by the moment." In other words, "Hey, morons at home, listen up." It turned out that the subject of Costas' fury (you can hear the whole thing here) was touchdown celebrations when they are excessive, or when they're stupid, or especially when they cost the team yards because of clearly anticipated unsportsmanlike conduct penalties. Costas was particularly peeved about Stevie Johnson, who plays for the Buffalo Bills and had recently performed an extended, unnecessary, dopey celebration after scoring a touchdown against the New York Jets. As Costas pointed out, Johnson drew a 15-yard penalty that led to a Jets touchdown. Oops. There's no defending a moment of inattention and foolish self-indulgence that hurts the team. Costas' point that nobody shows off when they screw up and his disgust with guys who willingly hurt the team for glory are both pretty much bulletproof. At the same time, there was something off-putting about Costas' stately insistence that everything more studied than the Lambeau Leap is a sign that we're "stupid and graceless" and that somehow, this all comes back to his suspicion that you're watching the Kardashians on television, as approximately 1 percent of the U.S. population does. (Kardashian's current reality show is pulling roughly three million viewers out of a U.S. population of 300 million.) But what did Costas say to the 99 percent of the country that doesn't watch the Kardashians? Why are they being hectored and insulted in that snide, sarcastic way about something they don't watch, and why is that a necessary tenderizer before they're ready to be hit with the perfectly obvious point that hotdogging in a way that costs your team a touchdown is dumb? What Stevie Johnson did, he did because he was acting like an immature, puffed-up ham. He deserved criticism. But sports has always contained braggarts and bad sports, and unless you're prepared to provide some evidence other than "get a load of this guy," opening an essay by swearing to the decline of the popular culture from which you have been lucky enough to be made rich seems like poor form itself.

Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


Question:
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For example, '['represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr', "Another Bailout Looms, But This Time It's For Kabul"]' should have a representation like '['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Afghanistan is rated by Transparency International as the third most corrupt country in the world. But that does not seem to be affecting U.S. aid to Afghanistan, which continues to grow. The white whale of graft is Kabul Bank, which needs a bailout that may top $900 million because of bad loans made to friends and relatives of high-ranking Afghan government officials. Of course, with little revenue of its own, an Afghan government bank bailout really means a bailout by the international community, and more money from the United States. \'A Tragedy\' At a main branch in downtown Kabul, the bank appears to be doing business as usual, albeit with fewer customers than before. Tellers in shiny suits, each sitting behind a mechanical money counter, greet customers. Nothing here indicates that the bank is insolvent, or that it\'s at the center of Afghanistan\'s biggest corruption scandal. Azarakhsh Hafizi of the Afghan Chamber of Commerce says Kabul Bank gave 1.3 million Afghans the chance to take their money out of their mattresses and enter the modern world of savings accounts and even ATMs. "Kabul Bank was one of the successful [businesses] in Afghanistan," he says. Deposits from widows, soldiers and young Afghans earning a few hundred dollars a month gave the bank $1 billion in assets, which Hafizi says should have been used to invest in Afghan industries. "It was a tragedy story," he says. "For Afghan economy, the Kabul Bank was a great opportunity to run some good businesses, to finance some good businesses, like Afghan steel company, Afghan oil company, Afghan national aviation." Kabul Bank was a symbol of faith in the new Afghanistan, says Hafizi, but that trust is now in tatters. Banking Gone Bad The news first broke last fall that hundreds of millions of dollars\' worth of bad loans would probably not be paid back. There was a run on the bank, with long lines of angry customers, and the government stepped in. Soon after, stories about who had received the loans trickled out — some of them in U.S. Embassy cables released by WikiLeaks. Shareholders — including the brother of Afghan Vice President Mohammad Fahim and President Hamid Karzai\'s own brother Mahmood — appear to have lent themselves huge amounts. The question is how to get them to pay it back. A number of corruption probes are under way, including a grand jury investigation in the United States of Karzai\'s brother. Analysts in Kabul doubt Karzai will allow any of his few remaining political allies to be taken down, but they also wonder whether the U.S. Congress can stomach a billion-dollar bailout for Karzai\'s friends and relatives. It may have little choice if it wants to save the Afghan state, says Mustafa Kazem, a Kabul businessman. "As an Afghan-American and a U.S. taxpayer, my immediate response is: \'Where are my taxpayer dollars going to?\' " he says. "But just as we did, I think, with the banking or the financial sector in America, I think decisions were made on who you bail out and how you intervene, to make sure something greater doesn\'t happen." If the banking system goes down, the Afghan government might go with it, he says. Kabul Bank and one other large bank hold 50 percent of the country\'s assets, and all the government payroll goes through Kabul Bank. The crisis may soon come to a head. An International Monetary Fund delegation visited Afghanistan in mid-February and returned a stern verdict, demanding prosecutions and the return of missing assets. Until the IMF gives the country a clean bill of health, many donor nations are legally prohibited from giving more money to Afghanistan. But not the United States, which is expected to underwrite the majority of any bailout.']' but very far from '['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr', "Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: Is This Pledge a Lemon; Out With the Old, In With the Old; and Time Is on Their Side."]'.

Question: David Oyelowo On Acting, His Royal Roots And The One Role He Won't Take

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If actor David Oyelowo projects a regal air, it's one he comes by naturally. Born in England to Nigerian parents, Oyelowo's father had always told him that theirs was a royal family, a claim the actor initially discounted. "I was like, 'Yeah, whatever,' " Oyelowo tells Fresh Air's Terry Gross. But then the family moved back to Nigeria, where they lived on a street named after his family, and the actor realized that his father had not been joking. Oyelowo says that his family's royal heritage did not come with financial or "positional" benefits, but it did convey a "sense of self that has enabled me, as I've gone into my life in the West, to carry myself in a way that flies in the face of the world in which I live." At the age of 24, Oyelowo brought his regal bearing to the stage, where he became the first black actor to portray a king in a Royal Shakespeare Company production. More recently, he has made a name for himself by taking on American film roles. He played Martin Luther King Jr. in the film Selma, a civil rights activist in The Butler and a member of the Tuskeegee Airmen in Red Tails. His most recent film, HBO's Nightingale, is a single-character drama in which Oyelowo portrays an American veteran who is having a mental breakdown. Oyelowo is open to playing many different types of characters, but he says there are a few roles he will not consider: "Don't send me your script if you want me to play the black best friend. I just won't do that. You can feel when it's literally an afterthought; you can feel when it's like, 'Oh quick, let's get some color in here.' That I won't do because it's disrespectful and, for me, I'm either part of the solution or I'm part of the problem."  Interview Highlights On his character in Nightingale  The fact of the matter is Peter Snowden [the main character in Nightingale] wasn't written as African-American, but when I read it I felt: Here is an opportunity to play the kind of African-American that I've certainly encountered in having lived here now for eight years, but I very rarely see in cinema. This is a guy who is an introvert. He's a bit of a nerd. He's agoraphobic, doesn't like leaving the house. There's nothing outward about him and I wanted that to be reflected in his voice. He also has an odd relationship with his sexuality. I would argue that he's gay, but he's in denial about that fact — that's to do with repression that comes from having been in the military, a religious upbringing that flies in the face of that. So I wanted a voice that didn't have any lyricism to it; I wanted it to be a little bit whiny, a little bit annoying. On staying in character while shooting Nightingale and Selma  I stayed in character for the three weeks we shot Nightingale and for the three months we shot Selma. [Selma Director] Ava [DuVernay] would call me out of the blue at times just to check — I think she was shocked that I was going to go through with this. This is how bad it got: I remember, my wife, we were moving house[s] at the time and my wife called me and said, "So what do you think? Should we go for the gray curtains or the brown?" And I literally went, [in the voice of King] "Well, I think we should ..." and she went, "Stop! Stop! I cannot talk curtains with Dr. King, we're going to pick this up afterwards. What on earth are you doing?" So that was the moment I thought, "OK, I'm all the way in, here." But yes, I just felt, for me, personally, I just felt you can't half-do Dr. King. On evoking King's voice and musical cadence  I studied his cadence to the point whereby you understand that sometimes he used very — to be perfectly frank — bizarre emphasis. ... As someone who has studied his cadence, I know that it's only if I hit some of his idiosyncrasies in terms of the way he spoke that you will overall feel like you are watching Dr. King. And Ava and I broke down every single speech and we put in the rule of three, which he used a lot of the time. He would pause at an idea at the beginning, refer to it in the middle and bring it home at the end. These were all things that we wove into speeches that weren't words that he spoke but are evocative of the speeches he gave because there is a music to the way he gave a speech. ... Like any musician, like any composer, there's a signature style and that signature style can be transposed and that's what we did with the speeches. On his father coming from a royal Yoruba family  My dad has tribal marks on his cheeks, he has four gashes in each cheek, which is very much part of the Yoruba tribe. ... If anyone messed with me at school, my dad would say, "Tell them — look, see these marks on my face? I fought with a tiger, so they don't want to touch my son." So I believed for years that my dad had wrestled a tiger, which is why he had these marks on his cheeks. So, of course, at some point I realized that that was a load of bologna so when he was then saying that we were from a royal family I was like, "Yeah, whatever." But th

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Question: Gowns For Medical Staff, Made Of Same Material As Masks, In Short Supply

Production of N95 masks has increased, but health care workers now say there's a shortage of gowns as the two protective gears are competing for the same materials.

Good morning, here are our top stories: For Obama, Vindication, Not A Mandate. World Reacts To Obama's Reelection. Republicans Keep The House; Democrats To Retain Senate. And here are other morning headlines: Powerful Winter Storm Aims For Region Affected By Superstorm Sandy. (National Weather Service) Syrian Rebels Try To Bomb Assad's Palace But Miss Their Target. (Reuters) E-U Warns Europe Will See Deep Recession In 2013, Growing Unemployment. (Wall Street Journal) Suzuki Motors Will Leave The U.S. Car Market, Will Still Offer Motorcycles. (Bloomberg) Pro Hockey Owners And Players Will Continue Secret Contract Bargaining Talks Today In Secret Location. (CBC) Gunman In Fresno, Calif. Processing Plant Kills Two, Wounds Two Before Killing Himself. (AP) Two Whales Found Dead On New Zealand Beach Are Rare Species, Almost Unseen By Humans. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: The News Roundup — Domestic

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The Democratic primary is now winnowed down to just two major contenders: Joe Biden and Bernie Sanders.  On Friday morning, President Donald Trump signed an emergency coronavirus funding package. The deal is worth about $8 billion and was passed with bipartisan support in Congress. Meanwhile, cases of coronavirus have now spread to at least 18 U.S states with at least 10 deaths in Washington and one death in California. In Seattle, precautions have left schools closed and businesses shuttered as the city responds to the outbreak.  A deadly tornado tore through parts of Nashville, Tennessee and surrounding communities earlier this week. The twister left at least 24 people dead and destroyed several homes and structures. We discuss the biggest headlines from around the country on the News Roundup.

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: Tour De'bola; Failure to Launch; Our Natural Selection Father Who Art In Heaven.


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Question: Companies Worried About Hackers Turn To Cyber Insurance

Health insurer Premera Blue Cross says hackers may have compromised 11 million of its customer accounts. Such attacks are worrying companies, and they're increasingly turning to cyber insurance.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Photo Shows Lander Sitting On A Comet; A Bounce-Landing. -- Congress Will Vote On Keystone XL Pipeline, With An Eye On Louisiana. And here are more early headlines: Obama Cautions Burma Against Slow Pace Of Reform. (BBC) India Arrests Doctor In Sterilization Deaths Of Several Women. (VOA) U.N. Official: Evidence To Hold North Korea Accountable For Abuses. (Guardian) "Hopelessness" For Millions Of Syrian Refugees. (Al Jazeera America) Mexican Protesters Burn Down State Congressional Building. (AFP) Report: U.S. Weather Satellites Hacked, Allegedly By China. (Washington Post) U.S. College Costs Jump 3.7 This Year. (Bloomberg) Government Proposes Rules For Prepaid Card Industry. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: The News Roundup — International

The Taliban has now assumed power in Afghanistan following the evacuation of U.S. forces from the country. The group is in the early stages of forming its government and has begun to impose its ideology on the country’s population. Haiti is in the news again as a massive 7.2 magnitude earthquake hit the island, killing some 1,900 people. The disaster struck as the island was trying to find its political future following the assassination of its president earlier this summer. The Cuban government has made it a crime to criticize the government online and will label anyone who does so a cyberterrorist. We talk about the biggest stories from around the globe on the News Roundup.


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Question: Here's Where To Get 'Fact Checks' Tonight

Just as they did before, during and after last week's presidential debate, the fact checkers will be up and running for tonight's vice presidential debate: -- PolitiFact says it will be tweeting away, and it will post longer looks on its website. If you want to see what it has been saying about the two candidates, it has a Biden "Truth-O-Meter" here and a Ryan "Truth-O-Meter" here. -- FactCheck.org tweets here, and it has a "speech and debate check" here. -- There's also going to be fact-checking from The New York Times and The Washington Post. NPR, which will be streaming and broadcasting starting at 9 p.m. ET, will follow the 90-minute debate with a discussion that includes fact-check reports from our correspondents. Also, NPR social media strategist Andy Carvin is, as always, on Twitter (@acarvin). He'll be watching the truth-squads. Finally, we'll be live blogging during the debate and will look to flag claims that might bear some scrutiny. Then, we'll come back after the debate with a fresh post that rounds up the highlights — and lowlights? — from all those fact checkers.

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Louisville Player's Surgery A Success; Leg Break Shouldn't End His Career -- Texas On 'High Alert' After District Attorney's Killing -- It's Almost Cicada Time! Help Radiolab Track #Swarmageddon -- Book News: Shakespeare Was A Tax Evader And Food Hoarder, Researchers Say -- If Something Smells Funny, Remember What Day It Is Other stories making headlines: -- "South Korea Vows Fast Response To North; U.S. Deploys Stealth Jets." (Reuters) -- "Drug Maker Novartis Loses India Patent Battle." (The Associated Press) -- In Southwestern Virginia, "3 Dead, Dozens Hospitalized" After Dense Fog Causes Multi-Vehicle Pileup. (The Roanoke Times) -- Prosecutors Weigh Pursuing Death Penalty In Colorado Theater Killings; James Holmes Has Offered Guilty Plea For Life Sentence. (The Denver Post) -- Atlanta Educators Indicted In Cheating Scandal To Turn Themselves In. (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution) -- Play Ball! Major League Baseball Season Gets Going. (MLB.com)


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Question: The master of funk, GEORGE CLINTON

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The master of funk, GEORGE CLINTON. He began his musical career as a teenager when he formed The Parliaments. But in the early 70s, Clinton put together a second group, "Funkadelic," that became enormously influential on the pop music scene. Their 1970 album, "Osmium," set the tone for Clinton's wickedly ecclectic style; songs ranged from metaphysical gospel to country and acid rock. But their big hit came with the album "Mothership Connection." In songs like "Tear the Roof Off the Sucker," "Get Up on the Downstroke" and "Think! It ain't illegal yet," Clinton blended rap with a heavy rhythm line that defined the funk sound and culture. (REBROADCAST from August 8, 1989.

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MIRANDA VICKERS interview continues.MIRANDA VICKERS interview continues.


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Question: Patt Morrison Reviews The Recent Problems Of Disney's Entertainment Empire.

The biggest sticking point has been the $90-million severance  package to Michael Ovitz after little more than a year as Disney's number two executive.

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Stories: 1) The Men Behind AMC's Hit 'Mad Men' 2) In The Center Ring: Michael Moore Vs. 'Capitalism' 3) The Twisted Words Of Nick Cave


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Question: Holiday Entertaining With Chef Kathy Gunst

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Holiday entertaining can be stressful. As Here & Now resident chef Kathy Gunst tells host Meghna Chakrabarti, “The problem is that people worry about everything and they psych themselves out and they don’t want to do it.” Gunst suggests a few key points: be organized, make things in advance, and don’t feel that you personally have to make everything your guests eat. She also says this may not be the time to experiment with new recipes. “You want to rely on things you know are going to work,” she says. However she calls these five recipes “foolproof.” Gunst recommends the poached pears for an open house, the chicken stew for a family celebration and the chowder for an intimate dinner for two.
Poached Pears in Orange-Ginger-Champagne Syrup
Chicken Stew with Bacon, Baby Onions, and Crimini Mushrooms
Parsleyed Potatoes
Maine Shrimp, Haddock, and Jerusalem Artichoke Chowder
Wild Blueberry Syrup (for cocktails or homemade soda)

Poached Pears in Orange-Ginger-Champagne Syrup (printer-friendly PDF of all 5 recipes) Kathy’s Note: It was New Year’s Day and friends were coming to dinner. After all the holiday festivities it was too much to think about baking a cake or serving anything rich for dessert. A basket of ripe winter Bosc pears sat on the counter alongside a half-drunk bottle of Champagne from the previous evening’s party. Why of course: poached pears in Champagne, flavored with aromatic winter oranges and slivers of fresh ginger. Serves 6. Ingredients: 3 cups Champagne, white or red wine, or water 1 cup water 1 cup granulated sugar, or Vanilla Sugar* 6 large Bosc pears 2 tablespoons julienned fresh ginger* 2 tablespoons julienned orange zest (the zest from 1 large orange) *To make Vanilla Sugar: cut a vanilla bean down the center lengthwise. Place it in a sugar pot and let it “flavor” the sugar for 24 hours and up to several months. Vanilla sugar is delicious in all kinds of baked goods where vanilla extract would be used. Instructions: To make the syrup, in a pot that is large enough to hold all the pears on their side, mix the Champagne (or wine), water, and sugar together. Bring to a boil over high heat. Reduce the heat to medium, stir well to dissolve the sugar, and simmer for about 10 minutes. Meanwhile, peel the pears, leaving the stems attached. Use a small, sharp knife to remove the core from the bottom of the pear. Work the knife up into the fruit, and scoop out the core. Cut off a very thin slice from the bottom of the pear so that it will stand up straight. Add the ginger and orange zest to the syrup and gently place the pears in the pot; the pears should be lying down on their side. Reduce the heat to a low simmer, cover, and simmer for 30 to 45 minutes, depending on the size of the pears, flipping the pears from side to side every 10 minutes or so. To test the pears, gently insert a small, sharp knife into the thickest part of the fruit. It should feel soft and yielding and come out of the pear without resistance. Remove the pears with a slotted spoon to a serving bowl. Very carefully taste the syrup in the pan; it will be hot. It should be sweet and full of rich pear, ginger, and orange flavors. Reduce the syrup over medium-high heat for about 5 to 10 minutes to thicken and further reduce and concentrate the flavors. It should be almost thick enough to coat a spoon. Pour the hot syrup with the julienne strips of ginger and orange over the pears and let cool. Refrigerate until ready to serve. (The pears can be made up to 8 hours ahead of time.)
More Kathy Gunst recipes and cooking segments

Chicken Stew with Bacon, Baby Onions, and Crimini Mushrooms From “Notes from a Maine Kitchen” by Kathy Gunst Kathy’s Note: This chicken stew, very reminiscent of the classic French Coq au Vin, is best made at least a day ahead of time, but will work just fine if you cook it a few hours before serving. We had leftover stew for two days and, trust me, it only gets better. Serve it with parsley-flecked potatoes, potatoes gratin, mashed potatoes, polenta, or egg noodles. A good wintry salad—mixed greens, watercress, tangerine sections and a crumble of blue cheese – would also be great, along with some crusty bread for sopping up all those red wine juices. You can easily double the recipe to serve a bigger crowd. Serves 4. Ingredients: 2 strips bacon About 1 ½ tablespoons olive oil About 2 tablespoons canola oil 1 leek, dark green section discarded, and white and pale green section cut in half lengthwise and then into 1-inch pieces 4 scallions, ends trimmed and cut into ½-inch pieces 12 pearl onions, peeled and left whole* 2 large carrots, peeled, and cut on the diagonal into 1-inch pieces Salt and freshly ground black pepper 1 ½ tablespoon chopped fresh thyme, or 1 ½ teaspoons dried and crumbled About 1 cup flour One 3 1/2 to 4-pound roasting chicken, cut into 8 pieces 3 cups dry red wine** 1 bay leaf ½ cup finely chopped fresh parsley 11 ounces crimini mushrooms, or button mushro

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Stories: 1) Francis Ford Coppola Reflects On His Film Career 2) David Lynch Dreams Up 'Crazy Clown Time' 3) Delicious Turkey Tips From Food Scientists


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Question: Letters: Colorado Professor, Corrections

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A story on controversial University of Colorado professor Ward Churchill got mixed reviews. Also, listeners weigh in on coverage of rising college tuition; and clarifications and corrections.

Carl reads three quotes from the week's news: The Touchy-Feely Candidate; The Speaker Vs. The Speech and the Hurricane Irene Diet.


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Question: Behind the Scenes with Film Editor Walter Murch

In the world of filmmaking, actors and directors dominate the spotlight. The people who actually assemble the film frame by frame and beat by beat toil in relative obscurity. Walter Murch is one film editor whose profile is much higher than most. Murch has won three Oscars. He has been nominated in sound and or editing categories eight times. His films include Apocalypse Now, all three Godfather films, The English Patient, The Unbearable Lightness of Being, Ghost and The Talented Mr. Ripley. His latest film, Jarhead, is based on former Marine Anthony Swofford's best-selling book about the Persian Gulf War. Murch discussed that film, and his job as editor, in a New York postproduction facility where he had finished up work on Jarhead. Murch is a man of many interests. He composes music, translates Italian poetry in his spare time and if you spend enough time with him, you're likely to hear him quote French philosophers or string theorists. But his definition of what he does is simple. "My job as an editor is to gently prod the attention of the audience to look at various parts of the frame," he says. "And I do that by manipulating, by how and where I cut and what succession of images I work with."  Sound is equally important to Murch's work. It's "a huge influence on people's attention," he says. To demonstrate, Murch flips on his computer, clicks the mouse a few times and instantly pulls up a scene from Jarhead. Swofford's character, played by Jake Gyllenhaal, is in combat for the first time and there's an artillery barrage. Everyone else ducks for cover, but he stands up. And the camera moves closer to him. Then, in the distance, there's a muffled explosion followed by dead silence. This fleeting silence is a golden moment for an editor -- a chance to put the audience right there on the battlefield.  Jarhead's director, Sam Mendes, originally wanted that silence to stretch for several seconds. But Murch came up with a better idea. Pieces of dust and sand from the explosion hit the actor's face in slow motion. Then you hear the sound of the particles hitting his face. "My combat action has commenced," the character says. Murch says the tiniest of sounds can help create the sense of silence in a film. "By manipulating what you hear and how you hear it -- and what other things you don't hear -- you can not only help tell the story, you can help the audience get into the mind of the character," Murch says. Ironically, Murch begins the editing process with the sound turned off. "If I had the sound up, it would tend to take all of my attention..." he says. "It would crowd out the possibilities for other sound.  And then only after the scene has found its shape, then I turn the switch on and let the sound come in. And frequently there will be two sounds that come together, two lines of dialogue and I'll think, that's great that that happened by accident." The editing process is tedious work -- viewing hours of footage, then assembling a film a half-second at a time. "I like to think this is sort of a cross between a short-order cook and a brain surgeon," Murch says. "Sometimes you're doing incredibly delicate things. Two frames different will mean whether the film is a success or not..." 'The Invisible Editor' In an excerpt from The Conversations: Walter Murch and the Art of Editing Film by Michael Ondaatje, Murch explains why viewers aren't disturbed by sudden transitions and other forms of editing in films. (Ondaatje's books include The English Patient, the film version of which Murch edited.) Murch: There are underlying mathematical influences that determine how a film gets put together, which are amazingly consistent, seemingly independent of  the films themselves. Over the years, I've come to rely on these influences -- navigation points -- as I work on each film. For instance: 2.5 -- an audience can process only two and a half thematic elements at any moment; 14 -- a sustained action scene averages out to fourteen new camera positions a minute; 30 -- an assembly should be no more than thirty percent over the ideal running length of the film. But these are perhaps just islands above a larger submerged continent of theory that we have yet to discover.  Actually, when you stop to think about it, it is amazing that film editing works at all. One moment we're at the top of Mauna Kea and -- cut! -- the next we're at the bottom of the Mariana Trench. The instantaneous transition of the cut is nothing like what we experience as normal life, which seems to be one continuous shot from the moment we wake until we close our eyes at night. It wouldn't have been surprising if film editing had been tried and then abandoned when it was found to induce a kind of seasickness. But it doesn't: we happily endure, in fact even enjoy, these sudden transitions for which nothing in our evolutionary history seems to have prepared us.  Ondaatje: What do you think is going on?   Murch: Well, many things -- not least of which are the v


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"['Represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on NPR', 'Royal Dutch/Shell Fined $150 Million']" == "['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details!', "Royal Dutch/Shell agrees to pay more than $150 million to settle fraud charges in the United States and Britain. The company was accused of overstating its proven oil and gas reserves by more than 20 percent. NPR's Scott Horsley reports."]" != "['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Russian Plan \'Is Just A Lie,\' Syrian Rebel General Says. -- Challenging Obama, Putin Appeals Directly To Americans On Syria. And here are more early headlines: Flash Flooding In Colorado Imperils Boulder. (Boulder Daily Camera) House Delays Spending Plan Vote As Government Shutdown Looms. (Bloomberg) California Wildfire Kills One North Of Sacramento. (NBC) Fewer Home Foreclosures Reported In August. (The Wall Street Journal) Verizon Communications Sells Record $49 Billion In Bond Offering. (International Business Times) 1 Million People Form Human Chain Demanding Catalonian Independence. (BBC) Lawsuit To Remove "In God We Trust" From Currency Is Dismissed. (The Associated Press) Detroit Lions\' Suh Slapped With $100,000 Fine For Foul. (NFL.com)']"

Question: Survey: Half Of Food Workers Go To Work Sick Because They Have To

Flu season is here. And when the flu strikes, the luckier victims may call in sick without getting punished or losing pay. But many American workers, including those who handle our food, aren't so fortunate. Fifty-one percent of food workers — who do everything from grow and process food to cook and serve it — said they "always" or "frequently" go to work when they're sick, according to the results of a survey released Monday. An additional 38 percent said they go to work sick "sometimes."  That's a practice that can have serious public health consequences. For instance, as The Salt reported last year, the vast majority of reported cases of norovirus — the leading cause of foodborne disease outbreaks and illnesses across the country — have been linked to infected food industry workers. But it's not as if these sick food workers are careless. Nine out of 10 workers polled in the new survey said they feel responsible for the safety and well-being of their customers. Yet about 45 percent said they go to work sick because they "can't afford to lose pay." And about 46 percent said they do it because they "don't want to let co-workers down." The study was commissioned by Alchemy, a firm that works with companies across the food chain to improve safety and productivity. Alchemy CEO Jeff Eastman tells The Salt that the survey was designed to help his firm learn more about the experience of food workers. Alchemy asked the Center for Research and Public Policy, a consulting firm, to conduct the research with more than 1,200 food workers in the U.S. and Canada in July. Though some people might be tempted to point a finger at the workers for going to work sick, the reality of their situation helps explain why they do it, says Jose Oliva, co-director of the Food Chain Workers Alliance. "A lot of these workers actually depend on every single one of the days that they work for money," Oliva says. "So if you don't go to work, you don't get paid." Indeed, a 2012 study from Oliva's Food Chain Workers Alliance and the Restaurant Opportunities Centers United found that 79 percent of food system workers did not have paid sick days or did not know whether they did. Similar to the current study, the 2012 report also found that 53 percent of workers had worked when they were sick. And Oliva points to another factor in the equation: low wages. Many of the lowest-paying jobs in America are in the food industry, according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. If workers were making a living wage, Oliva says, they might have more flexibility to take an unpaid day when needed. But for workers making minimum wage, or even the federal subminimum "tipped" wage of $2.13 per hour, "You just can't" take an unpaid day, Oliva says. According to Saru Jayaraman, co-director of the Restaurant Opportunities Centers United and director of the Food Labor Research Center at the University of California, Berkeley, workers have other incentives to come to work sick. "It's also that they'd actually be penalized, fired or retaliated against for taking a day off when sick," she says. Research that the ROCU conducted in Philadelphia, for example, showed that a third of restaurant workers in that city have worked sick because they feared retaliation if they took a day off. Jayaraman, author of the 2014 book Behind the Kitchen Door, says workers have told her that they've reported to duty with everything from H1N1 to pinkeye and typhoid fever. "One of the most egregious examples that I describe in the book is a worker at a Fayetteville, N.C., Olive Garden [who] was forced to work with hepatitis A because [Olive Garden] doesn't have an earned sick leave policy," Jayaraman says. As a result, Jayaraman says, 3,000 people had to be tested for hepatitis A at the Cumberland County, N.C., health department. Four states — California, Connecticut, Massachusetts and Oregon — have passed legislation to provide paid sick leave, in addition to a number of cities across the country. Last month, President Obama signed an executive order allowing employees of federal contractors to earn up to seven paid sick days a year. Some food businesses are improving their policies, too. In July, Chipotle expanded paid sick leave to all its employees. But Jayaraman says there's still "tremendous opposition" to paid sick leave, from the National Restaurant Association and other industry groups. (The association did not respond to multiple requests for comment from NPR.) Update, 1:57 p.m. The National Restaurant Association's Christin Fernandez tells The Salt that her organization "does not want workers going into work sick. Flexible scheduling is a hallmark of the restaurant industry. If a restaurant employee is not feeling well, one of good things about the industry is that they can talk to their employer ... and work out a schedule that best fits their health needs."

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Stories: 1) How 'Italian Food' Became A Global Sensation 2) Cyro Baptista: Sounds From Everywhere, Evoking Home 3) How Western Diets Are Making The World Sick 4) 'We're Broke': Empty Bank Accounts, Empty Meaning?


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Question: 'Human Action And Inaction' Caused 2008 Financial Crisis, Report Concludes

The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission's report on the 2008 meltdown, which The New York Times previewed yesterday, is now online here and it does indeed conclude that the mess was avoidable and that those who should have known better failed at their jobs:  "The crisis was the result of human action and inaction, not of Mother Nature or computer models gone haywire. The captains of finance and the public stewards of our financial system ignored warnings and failed to question, understand, and manage evolving risks within a system essential to the well-being of the American public. Theirs was a big miss, not a stumble. While the business cycle cannot be repealed, a crisis of this magnitude need not have occurred. To paraphrase Shakespeare, the fault lies not in the stars, but in us."  The report adds that: Causes — And The Dissents; Read More  — "Widespread failures in financial regulation and supervision proved devastating to the stability of the nation's financial markets. The sentries were not at their posts, in no small part due to the widely accepted faith in the self-correcting nature of the markets and the ability of financial institutions to effectively police themselves." — "Dramatic failures of corporate governance and risk management at many systemically important financial institutions were a key cause of this crisis. There was a view that instincts for self-preservation inside major financial firms would shield them from fatal risk-taking without the need for a steady regulatory hand, which, the firms argued, would stifle innovation. Too many of these institutions acted recklessly, taking on too much risk, with too little capital, and with too much dependence on short-term funding." — "A combination of excessive borrowing, risky investments, and lackof transparency put the financial system on a collision course with crisis." — "The government was ill prepared for the crisis, and its inconsistent response added to the uncertainty and panic in the financial markets." — "There was a systemic breakdown in accountability and ethics."  Now, as NPR's Jacob Goldstein wrote yesterday, it's important to note that those are the conclusions of the six Democrats on the commission. The four Republicans have filed dissenting opinions (which you can also see at the link to the full report). In one of those dissents, it's said that:  "The majority's approach to explaining the crisis ... is too broad. Not everything that went wrong during the financial crisis caused the crisis, and while some causes were essential, others had only a minor impact. Not every regulatory change related to housing or the financial system prior to the crisis was a cause. The majority's almost 550-page report is more an account of bad events than a focused explanation of what happened and why. When everything is important, nothing is."

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Jordan Strikes At ISIS; Obama Said To Be Preparing To Request War Powers. -- Pilots Of Doomed Taipei Flight Faced Problems With Both Engines. And here are more early headlines: French, German Leaders To Fly To Moscow To Discuss Ukraine. (Telegraph) Heavy "Pineapple Express" Storm To Hit West Coast. (Los Angeles Times) IMF Officials Offer $100 Million In Debt Relief To 3 Ebola-Hit Countries. (Guardian) Australian Prime Minister Faces Internal Leadership Challenge. (New York Times) Kansas Governor Will Reduce Education Spending To Close Budget Gap. (Kansas City Star) Virus Kills A Fourth Giant Panda At Chinese Rescue Center. (South China Morning Post) Canal Builders In Nicaragua Discover 15,000 Ancient Relics. (AP) Obituary Jokes That Seahawks' Superbowl Loss Led To Man's Death. (Time)


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

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Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Week In Review With Daniel Schorr

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This week, newsman Walter Cronkite died at 92. Also, the health care debate continued, the president gave a major speech on race and Judge Sonia Sotomayor seemed to survive her confirmation hearings. Host Scott Simon reviews the week in the news with NPR Senior News Analyst Daniel Schorr. SCOTT SIMON, host:  This is WEEKEND EDITION from NPR News. I'm Scott Simon.  And of course we're going to review the week's news with Dan Schorr. But we want to ask Dan now to begin by talking about his old friend and colleague of so many years at CBS News, Walt Cronkite, who died last night at the age of 92. Dan, good morning.  DAN SCHORR: Good morning, Scott.  SIMON: And what was he like?  SCHORR: What was he like? Well, he was very matter of fact and very collegial and very easy to work with. Tried very hard to be neutral and very dispassionate, sometimes succeeded and sometimes not. As for example, when President Kennedy was killed there was a tear in his eye and there was a break in his throat. And when he went to Vietnam and came back and said that war is unwinnable. That had an enormous effect. Other than that, simply easy to be with because he was a true professional.  SIMON: And his legacy?  SCHORR: His legacy? His legacy, I guess, is the legacy of the one who used to be called Uncle Walter by many people. And that is to say that he was a man that was trusted more than any person in the United States. His legacy is that there was a time when people told us things that we believed in and trusted in inherently. Nowadays, however, is he right, is he wrong, whatever - the legacy of Walter Cronkite was trust.  SIMON: Turning now to other news this week. The Obama administration found that the momentum it had going on health care reform was blunted this week when the Congressional Budget Office warned that the plans coming out of the House were going to be significantly more expensive than had been projected. President Obama called a press conference on Friday afternoon to talk about that. What are the options they're weighing now?  SCHORR: Well, there apparently is trouble. It apparently, as you said, has lost a certain amount of its momentum. It's not only that Elmendorf of the Congressional Budget Office says that it really doesn't achieve savings and cut costs, and that headline wasn't very helpful. It's also that in the Senate it bogged down and was put over to next week, which raises the question of whether the president can have what he wants to have - is to have a bill before August. That now begins to become in question just from the loss of time.  SIMON: What does the administration do in response?  SCHORR: Well, the first thing that the president did was to do what he would not normally do on a Friday afternoon, which is to come out a half-hour after he said he would come out and say, you know, you really - we're really doing very well, it's achieved a great deal of consensus and all of that. He reminded me a little bit of a coach in a locker room when things aren't going well and giving a pep talk. It was a pep talk saying, whatever you may read in the headlines about trouble and so on and so - it ain't so. We're nearly there, we're nearly there - just hang on.  SIMON: Ted Van Dyke, the old Democratic operative who worked for Hubert Humphrey and in the Johnson White House, had an op-ed piece in the Wall Street Journal this week in which he suggested that President Obama was spending his political capital by making maybe too many public appearances. Is that the case?  SCHORR: Well, it is his way. He does make a great - he does make a great many appearances, and that's the way he likes to govern. Yes, we're about to start talking about another of his appearances.  SIMON: Of course, the president addressed the NAACP convention this week. And what an extraordinary image - the first African-American president speaking at the 100th anniversary of this country's oldest civil rights organization.  SCHORR: Right.  SIMON: How do you assess what the president said?  SCHORR: Well, it really was quite dramatic, as it had to be. But what impressed me most of all is that the president kept talking about not what's happened in the first hundred years of the NAACP but the road ahead, what soon needs to be accomplished, the needs of education, the needs for people to take responsibility. And it was very interesting. Here was these veterans of the civil rights marches and all saying, look where we are, we got a president in the White House. The president said, yeah, but on my shoulders you've got to go ahead and let's get the rest of it done.  SIMON: The president's nominee to the Supreme Court, Judge Sonia Sotomayor of New York, finished up several days of confirmation hearings this week.  SCHORR: Mm-hmm.  SIMON: Any doubt she'll be confirmed?  SCHORR: Well, all the people who should know say (unintelligible) no one has come out to say - there won't be a filibuster, that's out of the question. As to whether there will be vote

Week In Review, On the Money with Chris DiSimio, Queen City Classic Chess Tournament, Forgive Me, The Front Row with Betsy Ross, The Big Screen: City of Men


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Question: Supreme Court Nominee Gorsuch Faces Third Round Of Senate Questioning

Supreme Court nominee Neil Gorsuch faced questions from senators during the third day of his confirmation hearing.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Biden: McConnell Refused To Sign Bipartisan Statement On Russian Interference. -- Trump Lashes Out After Schumer Withdraws Offer On Border Wall. -- Remains Of 5 Gas Rig Workers Recovered After Explosion In Oklahoma. -- The Memo, The Bureau And The Missing Texts: Get Caught Up On The War Over The FBI. -- Google's Space Race To The Moon Ends, And Nobody Wins Lunar X Prize. -- Sen. Tammy Duckworth's Pregnancy Set To Be Another First For The Illinois Democrat. -- Gunmen Storm Afghan Office Of Save The Children. And here are more early headlines: Ex-Brazilian President Lula Waits For Corruption Appeal Verdict. (AFP) New Interim San Francisco Mayor Picked; Opponents Say Race A Factor. (SF Gate) Foreclosures Could Increase In Puerto Rico After Hurricanes. (AP) Senate Close To Voting On HHS Nominee, Alex Azar. (The Hill) "Where We Net Out At This": The Jargon At Davos. (BBC)