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Question: Economic Woes Force Arts Groups To Scale Back

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The beginning of fall usually marks an exciting time for art lovers, as mailboxes fill up with enticing brochures advertising new seasons of music, dance and theater. But this year, many of those patrons have canceled their subscriptions — forcing arts organizations to trim their offerings.  New York state's Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra is among the entities affected by the downturn. Since last year, the orchestra has lost 900 donors and hundreds of thousands of dollars in grant money and endowment funds.  In an effort to balance the budget, CEO Charlie Owens was forced to cut staff and freeze salaries. But, he says, "that wasn't quite enough to bring the budget into balance." So a few weeks ago, Owens wrote to the orchestra's nearly 10,000 subscribers to tell them that the season they had signed up for had changed dramatically. Instead of performing Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 5 — a titanic work of the late Romantic period that requires masses of musicians — the orchestra would instead perform a simpler, cheaper Mozart symphony.  Andrea Stoller, who runs Manhattan's Dance Theater Workshop, says the lack of financial support has forced the company to cut back on its programming for the year. Instead of bringing between seven and 10 international artists to the city, she plans to invite only four. She's also cut back on the number of months that she's programming. "We normally program September through June," she says. "But I cut the season so that we're programming September through March."  But Stoller's woes pale in comparison to those of the Metropolitan Classical Ballet in Texas, which canceled its entire season — with the exception of the ever-popular Nutcracker. "Looking at the announcements coming from theaters this season across the country, there are exceptions. But on the whole, it's incredibly disappointing," says Mike Daisey, a monologist currently touring in a one-man show called How Theater Failed America. Daisey says theaters seem to be leaning toward predictable revivals, like The Music Man and You Can't Take It With You. But, he warns, playing it safe doesn't bring in new audiences.  The Los Angeles Opera decided to take a calculated risk when it forged ahead with its most expensive production ever, of Wagner's extravagant Ring Cycle, planned well in advance of the tanked economy. Rather than back away from the $30 million production, the company made other sacrifices — including laying off staff, reducing operating costs and cutting other performances — to accommodate it.  It's a gamble: The Ring Cycle has been known to attract thousands of patrons from all over the world, so the production could be a huge hit for the company. Still, Stephen Rountree, the opera's chief operating officer, says he will be spending most of the season perched on the edge of his seat. MELISSA BLOCK, host:  From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Melissa Block.  ROBERT SIEGEL, host:  And I'm Robert Siegel. It's a sign of autumn for art lovers: mailboxes stuffed with brochures for new seasons of music, dance and theater. But many arts patrons have cut their subscriptions. And as NPR's Neda Ulaby reports, the organizations themselves are trimming their offerings.  (Soundbite of music)  NEDA ULABY: Since last year, New York state's Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra has lost 900 donors and hundreds of thousands of dollars in grant money and endowment funds. Charlie Owens, the orchestra's CEO, had to cut staff and freeze salaries.  Mr. CHARLIE OWENS (Chief Executive Officer, Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra): But that wasn't quite enough to bring the budget into balance.  ULABY: So a few weeks ago, Owens wrote to the orchestra's nearly 10,000 subscribers. He said the season they had signed up for had changed dramatically.  (Soundbite of music)  Mr. OWENS: Mahler's fifth symphony, of course, is one of the great, titanic works of the late Romantic period.  ULABY: But it requires great masses of musicians to play it, and that, the symphony can no longer afford.  Mr. OWENS: So we replaced that with a Mozart symphony which, of course, creates something, a very different experience.  (Soundbite of music)  ULABY: Swapping expensive pieces for cheap ones, reluctantly disinviting famous and expensive guest artists that look better on marquis than on ledger sheets. So the story goes at thousands of U.S. arts organizations, such as Manhattan's Dance Theater Workshop.  Ms. ANDREA SHOLLER (Executive Director, Manhattan's Dance Theater Workshop): We normally program September through June, and I cut the season so that we're programming September through March.  ULABY: Andrea Sholler runs the Center of Contemporary Dance, where usually, she brings seven to 10 international artists to the city. This year: only four. But such woes pale in comparison to Fort Worth's Metropolitan Classical Ballet company in Texas. It slashed its entire season except for the ever-popular "Nutcracker." Retreating to old warhorses is a trend

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Good morning, here are our top stories: For Obama, Vindication, Not A Mandate. World Reacts To Obama's Reelection. Republicans Keep The House; Democrats To Retain Senate. And here are other morning headlines: Powerful Winter Storm Aims For Region Affected By Superstorm Sandy. (National Weather Service) Syrian Rebels Try To Bomb Assad's Palace But Miss Their Target. (Reuters) E-U Warns Europe Will See Deep Recession In 2013, Growing Unemployment. (Wall Street Journal) Suzuki Motors Will Leave The U.S. Car Market, Will Still Offer Motorcycles. (Bloomberg) Pro Hockey Owners And Players Will Continue Secret Contract Bargaining Talks Today In Secret Location. (CBC) Gunman In Fresno, Calif. Processing Plant Kills Two, Wounds Two Before Killing Himself. (AP) Two Whales Found Dead On New Zealand Beach Are Rare Species, Almost Unseen By Humans. (Los Angeles Times)


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Question: Skip The Spoon: Babies May Eat Better When They Feed Themselves

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Spooning strained peas into a baby is the traditional way to start solid food. But babies might be better off feeding themselves. That's the surprising result of a new study that compared the food preferences and weight of babies who fed themselves finger food with those who were spoon-fed. Both groups of children had equal exposure to snack foods. But the babies who fed themselves preferred carbohydrates like toast, pasta or potatoes, while the spoon-fed children went for sweets when given a choice. You'd think the children who controlled their own eating would be heavier, but not so. The spoon-fed crew was the one that was more likely to be obese as toddlers. Eight of the 63 spoon-fed children became obese, while none of the 63 self-feeding children were. "That was interesting," says Ellen Townsend, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Nottingham in England, who led the study. "Maybe with spoon feeding, if you've lovingly prepared a delicious portion, and you might want to get that portion into that child. There may be a temptation to try to get in an extra spoonful or two." Continue Reading The "self-weaning babies" might like carbs because they're easier to chew and tend to have nice textures, the researchers say. They want to do further research to see if breast-feeding and picky eating play a role. The study, which was published in the journal BMJ Open, was small, and based on parents' recollections. But Townsend says it should reassure parents that it's OK to let the child take care of food choices, as long as the parents are providing nutritious options like fruits and vegetables, proteins, and iron-rich foods like hard-boiled eggs or strips of meat. The good news is that most of the children were of a healthy weight, regardless of how they were fed as babies. As for Townsend, she was holding her 9-month-old daughter when I called her in England today. What's that baby eating for dinner? "She'll sit down with us tonight and have pork chops, string beans, some baby sweet corn, and probably some potatoes," Townsend says. Like many parents with more than one child, she doesn't have the time to cook up special baby food. And her children seem perfectly happy to eat what's on the family table.

Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


Question: San Diego Mayoral Race Mired in Legal Challenges

Recounts, legal challenges and accusations of fraud are plaguing San Diego, a city still waiting to discover who their mayor is two weeks after the polls closed. NPR's Carrie Kahn reports.

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Good morning - here are some of our early headlines: Protesters Attack U.S. Diplomatic Buildings in Egypt, Libya; One American Worker Killed. (CNN) Chicago Teachers' Strike Starts Third Day, No Breakthrough Seen. (Chicago Tribune) German Court Backs European Bailout Plan. (Wall Street Journal) Two Factory Fires In Pakistan Kill At Least 191. (Voice Of America) Obama Administration Approves First Group Of Immigrant Children Applying To Stay In U.S. (AP) That Big Stink In Los Angeles? It's Decaying Matter From The Inland Salton Sea. (Los Angeles Times) Apple Expected To Unveil New Smartphone Today. (WHEC) FAMU Blames Hazing Victim For His Own Death; Parents Outraged. (ABC) Calif. Refinery Pipe Was Corroded, Thinned Just Before Explosion Last Month. (San Francisco Chronicle) Tropical Storm Nadine Strengthens Far Out In Atlantic, No Threat To Land. (National Hurricane Center)


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Question: Predicting Earthquakes

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Five moderate-to-strong earthquakes strike in California. Could the cluster of quakes be a harbinger of the Big One?  Another earthquake-prone area -- New Madrid, near Memphis, Tenn. -- has had more than its share of impressive quakes. New data based on years of GPS measurements may give scientists more information.      Guests:  Michael Ellis, professor of geology, Center for Earthquake Research and Information, the University of Memphis; program director, geomorphology and land use dynamics, National Science Foundation  Ross Stein, geophysicist, U.S. Geological Survey

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Salinas Valley Suspected Source of Contaminated Spinach. Santa Ana Winds Fuel Ventura County Fire. Ballot Measure Campaign Spending. Northwest States Agree to Manage Ocean Jointly. End Music.


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Question: 'The Conspirator': A Trying Trial For Lincoln's Foes

The Conspirator centers on the real-life trial of Mary Surratt, who ran a Washington boarding house that was regularly visited by men involved in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Among them: Surratt's son and the assassin himself, John Wilkes Booth. The government charges Mary, played by Robin Wright, with participating in the plot — a crime punishable by death. But at this time of heightened emotions, and with so many people rounded up, there will be no jury of her peers. A military tribunal will hear her case, and normal rules of evidence won't apply. It falls to Surratt's lawyer, Frederick Aiken, played by James McAvoy, to argue not merely for his client but also for a principle: that the U.S. Constitution must apply to everyone, guilty or innocent, in times of peace or peril. It would be easy to call The Conspirator a dramatized civil-liberties lecture. Director Robert Redford is not a man who keeps his political convictions to himself, and his agenda could hardly be plainer. Because Redford makes the defendants' legal case, it's important to say he does nothing to make them admirable. They're fools and monsters. The Conspirator opens with Lincoln's assassination and the mayhem that follows. On his makeshift deathbed across from Ford's Theater, the president is barely glimpsed — we see only his shoes and the bowls of blood carried from the room. We want vengeance for this crime as much as the mobs onscreen. Wright's Mary isn't likable, either, at least at first. She admits to being a Confederate sympathizer, but is otherwise so starkly private, so withholding, that we can't blame Aiken for hating her. He fought in the Union army, and he didn't want her case, which has made him a social pariah. He wants to know about the son she's protecting who's still on the lam. "My son was in Canada that day," she says. "Can you prove that?" Aiken asks. "I received a letter on April 14, same day as the assassination," she says. "Sent from Montreal." "Where is this letter?" he asks. "I don't know," she replies. "You're so blind with hatred, Mr. Aiken, you can't even see the truth. Yes, my son hated the North. We all did. How can a Southerner feel anything but bitterness toward your side? But my son did not conspire to kill your President. He conspired to kidnap him." What did Mary know and when did she know it? It's hard to say. Wright makes her vividly uncommunicative, torn in too many directions to make anything but her essential decency plain. Evan Rachel Wood plays her daughter, Anna, who hasn't been allowed to see or speak to Mary, and you believe they're related: They have the same mixture of fear and anger, the same tightness. Because both actresses give such tough, unsentimental performances, the moment when Anna testifies in court and soldiers line up to block Mary from her from view is so cruel it's devastating. Where Redford and screenwriter James Solomon fail is in making a compelling case for the other side — the one that says the survival of the nation takes precedence over individual rights. The spokesman for that view, who's transparently eager to orchestrate Mary's hanging, is Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, played by Kevin Kline. "It's not justice you're after, it's revenge," says Aiken. "I would never go to such lengths of vengeance," says Stanton. "But to ensure the survival of this nation, I would do anything. Mary Surratt was a party to the most grievous crime in our history. Necessity demands that she be given a swift, sure and harsh sentence. I too hold sacred our rights, counselor — but they count not at all if our nation ceases to exist." McAvoy carries that scene — he gives real dramatic urgency to what might have played like lecture notes. But Kline is as bad as his material, as only a liberal playing a reactionary can be. This conflict, between civil liberties and national security, is endlessly current, and in 1865, with the nation barely recovered from being torn asunder, the national-security side deserves a spokesman of stature. It doesn't get it. The Conspirator is a graceful film with a heartbreaking climax, but instead of a great and timeless drama, it's just a powerful melodrama. TERRY GROSS, host:  Many of us know little about the aftermath of the Lincoln assassination beyond the killing of John Wilkes Booth in a barn. Robert Redford's new film, "The Conspirator," focuses on the months of post-assassination arrests and trials, particularly on Mary Surratt, the woman alleged to have aided the plotters.  Film critic David Edelstein has this review.  DAVID EDELSTEIN: "The Conspirator" centers on the real-life trial of Mary Surratt. She ran a Washington boarding house that was regularly visited by men involved in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Among them: Surratt's son, and the assassin himself, John Wilkes Booth.  The government charges Mary, played by Robin Wright, with being a participant in the plot, which is a crime punishable by death. But there will at this time of

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Provided: "['represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth\nFor instance, <<French and Belgian officials say they have extradited Salah Abdeslam to France. Abdeslam, a key suspect in last November\'s Paris attacks, was captured in March in Brussels after a months-long manhunt. Abdeslam, 26, arrived in France at 9:05 a.m. local time, according to a statement from the French prosecutor\'s office. He\'s expected to appear before a French judge today. This transfer was expected. As we reported at the time of his arrest in Brussels, French President Francois Hollande immediately said France would ask Belgium to extradite Abdeslam. "Abdeslam should be interrogated in France and be judged in France," Hollande told reporters last month. NPR\'s Dina Temple-Raston tells our Newscast unit that Belgian authorities had said that after charging Abdeslam and questioning him, "they would turn him over to the French." She adds: "The French want him on terrorism charges related to the Nov. 13th attacks and clearly want to question him for intelligence reasons." Abdeslam is believed to be the only surviving participant of the attacks in Paris on Nov. 13 that killed 130 people. He had resisted extradition to France, as we reported. Just four days after his arrest, militants attacked the Brussels airport and a subway station, killing 32 people and wounding more than 300. Abdeslam will now be held in "isolation" in an unnamed prison in the Paris area, French Justice Minister Jean-Jacques Urvoas said, according to The Associated Press. He adds that Abdeslam will be monitored by guards "specially adapted \'for people reputed to be dangerous.\' " According to his lawyer Frank Berton, Abdeslam wants to talk: "That means be judged for facts and acts that he committed but not for what he did not commit simply because he is the only survivor of the attacks," Berton says, the wire service reports.>>  to "Key Paris Attacks Suspect Salah Abdeslam Extradited To France"', 'Guest: Marcus Eriksen, Director of Research and Education for the Algalita Marine Research Foundation and an active member of Veterans for Peace']" Match: "['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', 'My River Home: A Journey from the Gulf War to the Gulf of Mexico']"

Stories: 1) David Rakoff's 'Half Empty' Full Of Humor, Guilt 2) 'Stand Up, Speak Out,' Derrick Bell Told Law Students 3) John Wayne: Icon Of America's Booming Confidence 4) 'Ides Of March': These Days, All Politics Is Lowball


Question: The California Report 2006-01-27

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As Transgender Murder Case Closes, Has Newark Changed?. End Music.

Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 925 2) Latino USA Episode 926


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Question: Pushing The Envelope — New Mail Truck Has A Stamp Of Approval For Safety

The new U.S. Postal Service truck design might look a little silly, but many of the new features actually make it safer and more efficient — something other delivery vehicles might benefit from.

Good afternoon. Here are some headlines we're watching: Paul Ryan Campaigns On Medicare In Florida - With His Mom. (Politico) GM Recalls Nearly 250,000 SUVs Over Potential Fire Hazard. (Detroit News) John Lennon's Murderer Faces Seventh Parole Hearing Next Week. (CNN) In Apparent Diplomatic Thaw, Egyptian President Morsi To Visit Iran This Month. (AFP) New Family Of Spiders Discovered In Oregon - And They've Got Claws. (AP)


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Question: Darfur and the Elders

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The program examines the current situation in Darfur in the wake of a violent attack by rebels on African peacekeepers and a contentious visit to the region by some of the world's most prominent elder statesmen.

Stories: 1) Seymour Hersh: U.S. Making Iraq About Iran 2) Sonnenfeld and Fuller, 'Pushing Daisies' on ABC 3) Ann Patchett's 'Run' Toward Belonging


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Question: How The Fugitive Slave Act Ignited A 'Struggle For America's Soul'

Author Andrew Delbanco says the 1850 law paved the way for the Civil War by endangering the lives of both escaped slaves and free black men and women in the North. His book is The War Before The War.


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Question: Mo Willems: Walking In On The Jester

What does a man say when he walks in on his wife trying on a funny outfit?  In the latest installment of cartooning on the radio, cartoonist and children's book illustrator Mo Willems and host Michele Norris try to come up with an answer.  Willems is trying to become a radio cartoonist. We received hundreds of submissions in response to a request for listeners to caption some of his drawings.  Below is the latest cartoon with the intended caption. Head to Monkey See to try your hand at captioning a fresh batch of drawings. You might hear your suggestion on the air.

Stories: 1) 'Headmaster' Has Still Got Plenty of Soul 2) Sarah Johns' 'Big Love in a Small Town'


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Question: A Pale Imitation Of Magic In 'Scent Of Darkness'

Over the years, I've come to the conclusion that what's generally referred to — often disdainfully — as "women's fiction" (not quite literature, not quite romance, definitely not Fifty Shades of Grey) is really a catch-all category into which almost any literary genre will fit. For example, after the magical realism in Like Water for Chocolate was a huge success with women, we've read about things like apple trees that predict true love, and a glassblower's work that transforms into butterflies. These are charming novels, aimed less at a lit-fic critique of society, and more at enabling love. Margot Berwin's Scent of Darkness falls squarely in this category; it's a work of magical realism in which a magically bestowed scent causes a young woman to be irresistible to all who meet her. We're in the realm of fairy-tale gifts here, with the perfume bottle playing the role of a shiny red apple that leads to a glass coffin and a very long nap. In the course of the novel, the heroine, Evangeline, or Eva, encounters three elderly women endowed with extranormal facilities. The first of these is Eva's grandmother, Louise, who dies early on; she is an "aromata," a woman who considers herself a magician of scent. She's fond of issuing cryptic statements, such as, "I can smell the scent of time clinging to you, closing your body like scar tissue." She bequeaths the bottle of perfume that, paradoxically, Eva isn't supposed to use. It will surprise no one that Eva succumbs to the temptation (yes, go with the Biblical parallel), only to discover that the scent causes people to follow her irresistibly, if not slobber on her neck and shove their noses into her hair. Eva accepts this turn of events fairly stoically, particularly when Gabriel, a hot medical student, ditches his girlfriend and spends most of his time making love to Eva instead. When he goes off to study in New Orleans, she follows. The plot proceeds — and now we've left Genesis behind and have entered Macbeth — and dire predictions continue to crop up: "Trouble, toil and perhaps even death itself are in your cards." That particular prophetess — a Madame Susteen — telegraphs her witchy credentials with her mangled quotation, but she's never truly creepy, unlike Shakespeare's women who "look not like the inhabitants o' the earth, and yet are on't." Shakespeare's brand of chilling magical realism has faded to an echo. The novel's principal problem is not the suspend-your-disbelief nature of Eva's unruly scent or the witches' predictions (this is, after all, magical realism), but Eva herself. She's too dim-witted to think her way through the prophetic rhymes her grandmother delivers in her dreams. She does seem to realize there's something wrong with Gabriel's "love" for her, but does she care? Not really. She claims to be in love with Gabriel but betrays him with Michael, a painter. There is something of a love story here, insofar as Eva is torn between Michael and Gabriel (the Biblical allusions are as heavy-handed as the Shakespeare overlay). But it isn't really a love story, because both men are bound to Eva not by her own natural appeal (dubious in the extreme), but by her grandmother's scent, the taboo perfume she was unable to resist. For a while I toyed with the idea that Berwin was drawing on Longfellow's Evangeline, an epic in which the heroine spends her life searching for her beloved Gabriel, only to find him dying. But even though a lot of Evangeline takes place in Louisiana — and, frankly, mortal consequences here would have been welcome — it's clear from the beginning of Scent of Darkness that neither Eva nor Gabriel will die. There isn't even a sense of possible punishment, a la Macbeth. Eva complacently betrays everyone she meets, from Gabriel to her grandmother, without regard for the consequences. In the end, Berwin's novel is like that mangled Shakespeare quote: a pale imitation whose magic is tedious rather than terrifying.  To readers of romance novels, English professor Mary Bly is better known by her pen name, Eloisa James, but the academic side of her literary personality takes ownership of this review, due to its more critical tone.

Stories: 1) 'Sirius' Poetry From New Poet Laureate W.S. Merwin 2) Stephen King: The 'Craft' Of Writing Horror Stories 3) 'I Am Love': A 'Madame Bovary' For Our Century


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Question: Commentary: All The King's Men

With election season upon us, Commentator Chris Tucker says a new movie and an older book raise questions about the relationship of politics and morality.

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Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: The War on Junk Food; A Slap in Madison; and Dinner with All the President's Friends.


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Question: How Cuban American Communities Are Reacting To Trump's Racist Comments

Cuban Americans are among President Trump's most reliable supporters and helped him win Florida. A sampling of Cuban American voters in Miami finds most untroubled by his recent racist comments.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Former House Speaker Dennis Hastert Transferred Out Of Prison. -- 'American Nightmare': How A U.S. Police Shooting Is Roiling Australia. -- Wildfires Rage Through British Columbia, Forcing 40,000 From Their Homes. -- England Unveils New 10-Pound Note Featuring Jane Austen. -- Kermit The Frog Actor Fired Over 'Unacceptable Business Conduct'.  And here are more early headlines: U.S. To Impose Sanctions Over Iran's Ballistic Missile Program. (Reuters) Duterte Wants To Extend Martial Law In Southern Philippines. (AP) Trump Warns Venezuela Against Rewriting Its Constitution. (CNBC)


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Question: Responding To Your Letters

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Farai Chideya and News & Notes editor Sasa Woodruff read and respond to listeners' e-mails about our month-long series on race and our discussions about California's measure to ban gay marriage.

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: How One Of Gospel's Essential Songs Gave 'Selma' Its Soul

The most beautiful thing about Ava DuVernay's film Selma -- the first major biographical film feature about Martin Luther King, Jr. — is its deep recognition of how private encounters inform and even shape historic events. The portrayal of public confrontation and violence on the Alabama town's Edmund Pettus Bridge earn their pathos; watching them raised emotions in my school-age daughter that no social studies class has yet inspired. But DuVernay builds toward her climaxes with many other interior scenes — in a kitchen where a woman feeds the cause with breakfast biscuits, or on a nighttime car drive during which a young freedom fighter turns his elder's rationalizations around with some simple truths, or in a family living room where a wife's decision to cope quietly with her husband's infidelity becomes a profound act of movement solidarity. Even the controversial portrayal of Martin Luther King's relationship with President Lyndon Baines Johnson unfolds almost entirely behind closed doors, within startlingly intimate arguments. It's crucial that a black feminist determined to fill in the gaps left by history's focus on great men is the first to create a portrait of one of America's greatest: In a year when a new, non-hierarchical style of activism in Ferguson and beyond is again changing history, DuVernay illuminates a different path for Hollywood biopics, one that gets at the truth of how individuals grow into themselves, and their fates, in relationship with others. Given this vision, it's not surprising that when it comes to music, DuVernay stays away from the big group sing-alongs and celebrity sightings weighing down our memories of King's crusades. At the film's conclusion, we hear a very 21st-century anthem crafted by John Legend and Common and now nominated for an Oscar for Best Song; Common's rap in particular calls for action while connecting the film's historical events to the present day. That's followed by the old crowd-pleaser "This Little Light Of Mine." But there's no folksy chorus during a march and no majestic solos like the ones Mahalia Jackson and others took on the Washington Mall in 1963. Instead, one of Selma's most powerful moments — one frequently singled out by critics for praise — captures a secret, crucial reassurance murmured into that most tenderly held instrument, the telephone receiver. Afraid of what Selma holds for him, King makes a late-night call to his friend and fellow freedom fighter Mahalia Jackson (portrayed by the versatile vocalist Ledisi) and asks her to share "the Lord's voice" with him. She answers by singing his favorite gospel song, "Take My Hand, Precious Lord." Whether this phone call really ever happened is unknown, but King really did adore Thomas A. Dorsey's elemental plea for divine intervention. He frequently requested it of the gospel greats he ran across at benefits and other gatherings, and told Jackson she should sing it at his funeral if he died before she did. The song is fatefully linked to King's last night: Right before he was shot by a vicious racist on a Memphis balcony, he called out to the saxophonist Ben Branch to play it "real pretty" at an upcoming meeting. Jackson did end up wailing the hymn at King's funeral, and Aretha Franklin did so at his memorial service. In the narrative he left behind, King lived, died, and was spiritually resurrected through Dorsey's glorious hymn. But Martin Luther King, Jr. could hardly claim "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" only for himself. It is the composition that changed gospel music, setting the terms for the miracles of personal transformation within performance that define the Golden Age of Gospel that Jackson, Clara Ward, Dorothy Love Coates and so many other profound artists inhabited. Written at a time when singers in storefront churches and on city streets were pouring urgency into gospel music, but when the songs that formed the genre's canon still avoided the gut that the blues had accessed, "Take My Hand, Precious Lord," showed how music floating toward heaven could also be frank about the pain and pleasure of physical life. And the story of how the song was written, it turns out, is one that would make for a perfect Ava DuVernay vehicle. In 1932, Dorsey, a Chicago-based gospel choir director and composer, wrote the song that changed his life and gospel's course. But it was inspired by a terrible loss. For years Dorsey had written dirty blues to pay the rent, under the name Georgia Tom, even as he tried to shore up his career as a man of God. He was doing pretty well by 1930, planning to leave sin behind: he had a home church, Ebenezer Baptist, where he was the musical director and had sold some hymns to songbook publishers. But he still hadn't figured out how to bring the urgency and sensuality he found in the blues into his sacred work. Nettie Dorsey, then 24, was nearly due to deliver the couple's first child when Thomas decided to jump over to St. Louis to promote his songs among the loca

Stories: 1) The Couple Behind Some Of Hollywood's Classic Tunes 2) A Graceful Search For 'Higher Ground'


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Question: 'Raya And The Last Dragon' Is Not Entirely New, But It's Refreshing Nonetheless

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Raya and the Last Dragon is a lovely, moving surprise. Its big selling point is that it's the first Disney animated film to feature Southeast Asian characters, but like so many movies that break ground in terms of representation, it tells a story that's actually woven from reassuringly familiar parts. I didn't mind that in the slightest.  The movie, directed by the Disney veteran Don Hall and the animation newcomer Carlos López Estrada, brings us into a fantasy world that's been beautifully visualized and populated with engaging characters, and it builds to an emotional climax that I'm still thinking about days later. The story is a little complicated, as these stories tend to be. It takes place in Kumandra, an enchanted realm inspired by various Southeast Asian cultures and divided into five kingdoms named after a dragon's body parts: Heart, Fang, Spine, Talon and Tail.  Before they became extinct centuries ago, dragons once roamed the land and served as friendly guardians to humanity. Their magic lives on in a jewel called the Dragon Gem, which is kept in a cave in Heart, but the other four kingdoms covet its mighty powers. One day, all five factions come together and try to reach a peace agreement, but tensions erupt, a fight breaks out and the Gem shatters into five pieces that are scattered across Kumandra. This opens the doorway to an ancient enemy called the Druun, a terrible plague that turns people to stone. Naturally, a hero must rise and save the day. Her name is Raya, and she's a young warrior princess from Heart, voiced by the excellent Kelly Marie Tran from Star Wars: The Last Jedi. Raya manages to escape the Druun, though her father, her ba, who's the leader of Heart, isn't so lucky. Now Raya must recover the pieces of the Dragon Gem, reverse the damage and banish the Druun for good. This isn't the first time we've seen a brave young character embark on a quest for magical baubles, and Raya and the Last Dragon is rooted in traditional fantasy lore, with The Lord of the Rings and Game of Thrones being just the most obvious influences. The movie's intense scenes of swordplay and hand-to-hand combat give it a tougher, more grown-up feel than most Disney animated fantasies — my own young daughter had to cover her eyes a few times. Like some other recent Disney princesses, including Moana and Elsa, Raya has a bold, adventurous streak and isn't all that interested in romance. Unlike them, she doesn't even have time to sing a song. That said, the movie still has plenty of lightness and humor. The screenwriters, Qui Nguyen and Adele Lim, have provided the usual Disney array of cute critters and lively supporting characters. None of them is more colorful than Sisu, a friendly water dragon who is magically resurrected during Raya's journey. She's the last of her kind, and she has a crucial role to play in the story. She's voiced delightfully by Awkwafina, doing one of her signature chatterbox comedy routines and selling every one of Sisu's anachronistic wisecracks.  Raya and Sisu's journey takes them to all five kingdoms of Kumandra, all of which are so vivid and transporting I found myself wishing they really existed — or that I could have at least seen them on a proper movie screen. There's the town of Talon, which is built at the edge of a river, and the desert wasteland of Tail, where Raya and Sisu must enter a cave of obstacles straight out of an Indiana Jones adventure. As the two of them search for more Dragon Gem pieces, they of course pick up a few friends along the way. There's a street-smart boy who cooks a mean shrimp congee and a toddler pickpocket whom I found more creepy than cute. But the movie's most intriguing character is Namaari, a rival princess from Fang who's voiced by Gemma Chan. (As a side note, Chan and Awkwafina both appeared in Crazy Rich Asians, which, like this movie, was co-written by Lim.) Namaari and Raya used to be friends until the fight over the Dragon Gem ripped them apart. Now they're bitter enemies, and their emotional dynamic is fierce and complicated in ways that relationships are rarely allowed to be in children's animated films, especially between women. By contrast, Sisu is all feel-good vibes; she's a dragon, after all, with little understanding of how treacherous humans can be. She doesn't get why Raya and Namaari distrust each other so, why they can't just set their differences aside and defeat the Druun together. It's Sisu's sincerity and purity of heart that makes the story's finale so unexpectedly stirring, especially now. Our fates are closely bound together, it reminds us, as it builds a case for forgiveness, reconciliation and mutual sacrifice.  The emotional power of Raya and the Last Dragon sneaks up on you. Its lessons aren't new, exactly, but it makes you feel like you're learning them for the first time.

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Brett Favre announced yesterday that he will continue playing. But only for one more year. And if you believe that, then you also must believe that the following events will also occur, as they appear to be far more likely than his actual retirement -- as we noted in a post that ran one year ago yesterday. 1. Yale Students Welcome Snooki On Her First Day 2. Lady Gaga Unveils Line Of Tummy-Shaping Undergarments 3. New 'American Idol' Judges Are A Big Hit; Show's Problems Solved 4. J-Lo Arrested In Extensive Anti-Booty Rioting 5. Brett Favre Eaten By Coyotes 6. James Franco: 'It's Probably Time To Calm Down' 7. Kathryn Bigelow Says James Cameron Is 'Probably Right' About 3D 8. What Ever Happened To Justin Bieber? 9. Herbert Hoover Reincarnated As Large, Enthusiastic Cocker Spaniel 10. Bryn Mawr Endows Katy Perry Chair 11. Musicologists Discover 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' Speeded Up 800 Percent Sounds Like 'Yakety Sax' 12. Experts Agree: Helen Mirren Has Totally Let Herself Go 13. Bret Michaels Gets Green Party Endorsement 14. Kanye Interrupted At VMAs By Irate, Obscene Rant From Bon Iver's Justin Vernon 15. Brett Favre Shocks World By Totally Not Retiring At All 16. Starbucks Introduces Prozac-Infused "Happuccino" 17. Health Trend Continues As 'Fiber Emporium' Buys Out 436 Dying Cupcake Stores 18. Internet Reaches Consensus: 'It Turns Out It Was Mostly A Misunderstanding' 19. Public Embraces Inexpensive Pacifiers Made From Recycled Truck Tires 20. It's Official, Guv'nor: Brits Love American-Made Tea 21. Worldwide Fretting Over Jennifer Aniston's Love Life Suspended 22. Brett Favre Struck By Lightning While Playing Golf 23. Cold Fusion Discovered By Participant In ABC's 'Shark Tank' 24. Facebook Streamlines Privacy Controls With 'Just Don't Tell Anybody Anything About Me Unless I Say It's Okay' Button 25. Brett Favre Plans Stint In Minor League Baseball: What Could Go Wrong?


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Question: The Pecora Hearings 75 Years Ago Offer Lessons

The investigation of the Senate Committee on Banking and Currency 75 years ago shaped the nation's financial regulatory system. They became known as the Pecora Hearings, after the counsel Ferdinand Pecora, whose dogged questioning of Wall Street following the crash of 1929 disgraced the big bankers of the day.

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Stories: 1) Teddy Roosevelt And The Fire That Saved The Forests 2) A Memoir Of Pakistan, Islamic Fundamentalism


Question:
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Episode 648: The Benefits of Bankruptcy

When Roddey Player's family business started going south after 60 years, he did everything he could to avoid the big failure: bankruptcy. But what's painful for Roddey might just be the secret weapon of the U.S. economy. On today's show: we go to Charlotte, North Carolina and follow one company's path through bankruptcy with creditors, debts, pride and shame, all jumbled up in this very American idea that has helped set our economy apart for more than 100 years. Find us: Twitter/ Facebook/ Spotify/ Tumblr.  SONARI GLINTON, HOST:  A few years ago, if you lived in Charlotte, N.C., and you'd bought your first house, there was a store you could go to get just about everything you needed - a dishwasher, a nice flat-screen TV, a refrigerator, even a mattress. (SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING) RODNEY PLAYER: Hi, Roddey Player here with Queen City Audio Video and Appliances. You won't want to miss our blockbuster Labor Day... GLINTON: Charlotte is known as the Queen City, and Queen City Appliances was an institution there. This family-owned business had 17 stores around town. STACEY VANEK SMITH, HOST:  And then one day in 2012, word got around town that Queen City was in trouble. And on February 2, a story ran in the local paper - after 60 years in business, the store had filed for bankruptcy. This is something that happens every day in this country. Last year, we looked this up - 34,000 companies could not pay their bills and went bankrupt. GLINTON: Bankruptcy seems and really feels like this terrible, icky thing, but some people will tell you it's one of the greatest things about this country. Hello, and welcome to PLANET MONEY. I'm Sonari Glinton. SMITH: And I'm Stacey Vanek Smith. Today on the show, the story of Queen City Appliances and bankruptcy. In this country, we are really good at going bankrupt, and it may actually be one of our economy's secret weapons. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: This episode of PLANET MONEY and the following message are made possible by the new Scion iA and iM. Scion is proud to do things a little differently than the rest of the auto industry. That's why it's making premium standard features the new standard and taking haggling out of the buying process with pure price. Scion - weird, right? Learn more at scion.com. SMITH: That cheery voice you heard at the top of the show selling you a washing machine for Labor Day, that is Roddey Player, CEO of Queen City. I went to visit him in Charlotte. He is super friendly and charismatic, and he kept offering to warm up my coffee. RODNEY PLAYER: Want me to heat that up for you? SMITH: Oh, thank you. GLINTON: Making friends in Charlotte. SMITH: I really like coffee (laughter). Roddey's dad actually started Queen City Appliances, and Roddey showed me an old photo of him at an early tradeshow, standing next to an actual celebrity. RODNEY PLAYER: And then this is the picture back the '50s of my dad with Miss America, so that was kind of neat. SMITH: And he's standing there with a TV. RODNEY PLAYER: Yeah, he is. He's - I think that's a Filco television set. And he's still got his flat top from coming out of the service, you can see there, too. SMITH: Roddey actually spent a few minutes examining this picture, and he was not looking at Miss America. He was looking at the old TV, trying to figure out what model it was. He's got this encyclopedic knowledge of televisions and appliances. He has been in this business a long time. RODNEY PLAYER: I was sweeping the floors when I was 8 years old and working on the delivery trucks when I was 12 or 13 years old. And as soon as you graduate high school, you can get on the sales floor, so that summer I was on the sales floor. GLINTON: Roddey eventually went on to business school, and when his dad died, Roddey became the CEO of Queen City. The family business was in his hands. SMITH: And for a while, business was great. Charlotte was booming, and Roddey and his family did what a lot of business owners were doing at the time. They borrowed money and expanded. Actually, they borrowed a lot of money, and they expanded a lot. Queen City went from eight stores to 17 stores. GLINTON: Then 2009 - you see where this is headed - the housing bubble burst. No new homes; no one was buying refrigerators, dishwashers, mattresses at the time. SMITH: Sales kept dropping and dropping and dropping. RODNEY PLAYER: I don't want to be called the eternal optimist, but I always felt it just couldn't get any worse and it couldn't get any worse and it couldn't get any worse. GLINTON: And, well, it did get worse. The math just didn't add up anymore. The money from sales just wasn't enough to pay the bills. He was going to have to do the thing that had been deep in the back of his mind for a while, the thing that any small business is trying to avoid, especially a family business - bankruptcy. SMITH: Bankruptcy is a grueling process. There are a lot of steps. The first thing you have to do is call a lawyer, and then you have to sign all of thes

Stories: 1) The Science Behind Deep-Water Oil Drilling 2) Real Life Documentaries Trump Reality TV Every Day


Question:
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The Sea Captain's Wife

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Listen in to our earlier conversation with MARTHA HODES, author of "The Sea Captain's Wife: A True Story of Love, Race, and War in the Nineteenth Century." Hodes is professor of history at New York University.

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Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Who's Bill This Time

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news: "The Trump Family Vacation," "Apocalypse Soon" and "Big Bambi."

Carl Kasell reads three quotes from the week's news ... Moving on Up, Prez Charming, and Who's Big Gulping now?


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Question: Letters from Listeners

All Things Considered reads from your letters on Thursdays. This week's topics: SUVs in Las Vegas; hand washing and germs; and the politics of columnists.

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Examples:

"['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', 'Forum sits down with journalist Scott Lindlaw of the Associated Press to discuss the new book, "Breaking News: How The Associated Press Has Covered War, Peace and Everything Else."']" == "['', 'The Associated Press']"

Wedding Announcements from Kasper Hauser's upcoming book Weddings of the Times.


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Question: Double Take 'Toons:  Reforms Made In China?

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For example, ['Represent the subtitle to find a news title on NPR with less details', "Dell announced this week that it expects to increase its annual revenue from $49 billion to $80 billion within four years. David Gardner and contributor Rick Munarriz deliver their take on those expectations, weigh in on some commercial developments at TiVo, and talk about Napster's new tune."] should be similar to ['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details.', 'The Motley Fool Take']

On Friday, China announced major reforms, both in economic policy and social policy. Paresh Nath suspects China's attempt to open the door to investment might let in some unwelcome visitors, while Signe Wilkinson reminds us that not all of China's policies are being overhauled.

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For instance, <<['Represent this text to find its title about the same news but with slightly less depth', 'From the CD "Bach by Design," we\'ll hear an invention and a fugue produced by a computer programmed by David Cope to compose music in Bach\'s style. (Centaur CRC 2184)']>>  to "['represent text!', "From The Cd 'Bach By Design,'"]"

Bill Kurtis reads three quotes from the week's news...House Keeper Wanted; Bidin' His Time; Stacked Up On The Runway.


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Question: '60 Minutes' Still Ticking After 41 Years

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Embarking on its 42nd season, the CBS newsmagazine 60 Minutes is an anomaly in commercial broadcast TV: It's a top-rated show that often takes on serious topics. Last year proved particularly successful. Nielsen Media Research says it was the 10th-highest-rated program of any kind last season, drawing an estimated average audience of more than 14.1 million viewers each Sunday evening (plus the next day, for those watching it on DVR).   Former NBC News President Neal Shapiro says there's "more zip" to the show now than ever. "I think they jump on the news a little quicker," says Shapiro, now the CEO of public television's WNET in New York City.  60 Minutes Executive Producer Jeff Fager says he and the show's other top journalists decided to take the show in a more serious direction as the nation confronted two U.S. wars, the economic meltdown and a historic presidential race.  "We had an enormous responsibility to make sure we were on top of all of that in order to fulfill our commitment to be there when important stories break," he says, "and to report them in a way that I think we do uniquely, which is to dig down deeper and help people understand them." Longtime 60 Minutes correspondent Steve Kroft puts it more bluntly: "I think the news just took over." But the show's fortunes have brightened even as it has made only a partial transition from its roots. Along with Lesley Stahl, Kroft used to make up the youth movement, but now he's in his 60s. Ed Bradley died. Longtime fixture Mike Wallace has finally retired. Morley Safer works part time. And Kroft swears he won't hang on forever.  "There used to be a very clear generational divide on this show — among the correspondents who thought that rock 'n' roll was here to stay, and rock 'n' roll is just a passing fad," Kroft says. "Now, it is slightly more complicated than that." These days, the staff is rounded out by Scott Pelley and Bob Simon, along with occasional contributors Katie Couric, Lara Logan, Byron Pitts and CNN's Anderson Cooper.  From creation under the late Don Hewitt, the show was always in part about show business. It promoted and minted stars, such as Harry Reasoner and Mike Wallace (the white hat and black hat, respectively), and it pioneered elements such as the ambush interview — long since discarded by 60 Minutes — and the infamous, super-tight close-up on people as they're being interviewed.  Simply because of the diminishment of broadcast television, the stars may not burn quite as bright — but 60 Minutes is still riding high. Its performance is its strongest in a decade.  Staffers are finding a way to keep the record going. Senior producer Michael Radutzky and Executive Editor Bill Owens lobbied Fager to tap two teams to be poised to fan across the globe to track the spread of swine flu. That's expensive — and network news divisions track every dollar — but Fager was on board.  Meanwhile, Kroft was one of just two reporters to land an interview with so-called mini-Madoff Marc Dreier before he entered federal prison to start a 20-year sentence for securities fraud and other charges. The stories are not always utterly original to 60 Minutes, though Fager and Owens push for that initiative. But they say they always seek to advance the story. Much of that is based on their trademark interviews.  "You want to use the best material that you've got in the piece," Kroft says, pointing to an interview he conducted in March during which the president started to laugh as he recounted opposition to his bailout proposals. "When I asked President Obama if he was punch-drunk, I knew that was going to get in." Shapiro, the former executive producer of Dateline NBC, also argues that the show's focus on serious and investigative reports allows it to seize the field to itself. Dateline NBC used to run five nights a week. Now it's down to one.  "There are less newsmagazines around," Shapiro says. "I think at one point there was 20 hours of newsmagazines on television." Those that remain — including Dateline, ABC's 20/20 and CBS's 48 Hours — have veered toward a diet heavy on true crime and celebrity news, though ABC's Nightline has enjoyed some ratings resurgence when it focuses on breaking news. At 60 Minutes, Fager now sits in the very office held for decades by Hewitt, his mentor, known as a showman as well as a journalist.  Fager said it took him a bit of time to find sure footing after taking over as executive producer more than five years ago. "I wasn't ready for the fact that so many people wanted to be on this broadcast — especially from the celebrity world," Fager says. "I think I said 'yes' too much. I know I did. It was my mistake." He says that's one mistake he won't make again. STEVE INSKEEP, Host:  Sunday marks the start of the 42nd season for the CBS TV news magazine "60 Minutes." It remains an exception for commercial TV news, a top-rated show that often takes on serious topics. NPR's David Folkenflik, looks at the secret of that success.

Stories: 1) 'Times' Editor: The Impact Of Assange And WikiLeaks 2) Celebrating James Levine's 40 Years At The Met


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Question: 4 Years... 700,000 More Voters

(Sorry for the long absence with all of last month¿s big political news¿ as mentioned before, the new little one in the family has kept me away from the hustle and bustle.  Look for more frequent blog entries this month! ¿JM)
Secretary of State Debra Bowen¿s new report on the number of registered voters in [...]

Grand Re-Opening! Dial 1-900-SCOTUS; Animal Kingdom.


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Given ['represent the headline to find a news subtitle on npr with more details.', 'Prayers for Iranian Jews'] it matches with ['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr. Fewshot example: "Hello and welcome to another edition of the weekly roundup. The nation\'s eyes have been on students this week, so let\'s check in. National student walkout On March 14, a month after the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, K-12 students all over the country walked out of class to protest gun violence. Many chose to leave for 17 minutes, one for each of those killed in the Parkland, Fla., attack. NPR also reported on the songs they sang in protest. A march on Washington is planned for next Saturday. Teachers oppose carrying guns Almost three out of four teachers oppose the idea of being armed at school, according to a new Gallup poll. And 58 percent say that teachers and staff carrying guns would make schools less safe.  DeVos will head school safety commission On March 11, President Trump appointed Education Secretary Betsy DeVos to a new Federal Commission on School Safety. After appearances on 60 Minutes and the Today show, for which DeVos was criticized for seeming ill-informed, she provided more details to the National Parent Teacher Association conference on Tuesday. DeVos advocated some measures that have also been endorsed by a large number of experts on school climate and mental health. These include two that involve the supply of weapons: strengthening background checks for gun buyers and a measure called temporary extreme risk protection orders to take away a firearm if the police perceive an imminent threat. DeVos also included a call to back the proposed STOP School Violence Act, which provides states with money for training, technology and technical assistance, including "threat assessment" teams. She also backed ideas that many scholars oppose, such as arming teachers and "hardening" schools through things like metal detectors. As part of the commission, the White House has called for a reconsideration of Obama-era student discipline guidance. This sets up a debate over the use of suspensions, expulsions and student arrests — and the impact of these tactics on racial equity and access to education. College students surveyed on the First Amendment  A survey of 3,000 college students nationwide by Gallup and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation (which is among NPR\'s financial supporters) found strong support for free speech, but also concern about the spread of hate speech and the need for diversity and inclusion. Students\' confidence in freedom of speech and the press is declining. Sixty-four percent of respondents told pollsters that freedom of speech is secure in this country, down from 73 percent in a 2016 survey on the same topic. Sixty percent, down from 81 percent, say freedom of the press is secure. This slide was concentrated among students who identify as Democrats and independents. When it came to restrictions on free speech, while 90 percent of college students say it is never acceptable to use violence to prevent someone from speaking, 37 percent agreed it was acceptable to shout people down at least sometimes. And 80 percent of students agreed that the Internet has been responsible for a significant increase in hate speech. Another state takes steps toward free community college New Jersey Gov. Phil Murphy campaigned last year on a promise to offer community college to all of his state\'s residents, for free, by 2021. Murphy, a Democrat, took office in January and this week announced a budget proposal that included what he called a "down payment" on the plan. It includes $50 million for low-income students to attend community college. Four states — Tennessee, Oregon, New York and Rhode Island — already offer students free community college. Many others have similar plans in the works. The budget proposal also includes additional funding for pre-K through 12th grade, with an emphasis on expanding pre-K access and STEM programs in New Jersey. School travel-time study Anyone who commutes knows that travel time makes a huge difference. And when kids live far from their schools, long travel time can add to students\' stress and significantly affect families. A new, big study by the Urban Institute this week shed light on how students get to school and how long it takes for them to arrive. The study examined students in Denver, Detroit, New Orleans, New York City and Washington, D.C. — all areas with many choices beyond neighborhood schools, such as charters or vouchers. The results? Most commutes to school are shorter than 20 minutes. High school students in the study traveled slightly farther than those in middle and elementary. The researchers also found that African-American students consistently travel farther to get to school than their white or Latino peers. "Access to a car can significantly increase the number of schools available to a family," the researchers concluded, and they suggested that transportation options like busing should be considered when drafting school choice plans." == "The Big Student Walkout; DeVos On School Safety; The First Amendment On Campus"', "NPR's Linda Gradstein reports from Jerusalem on special prayer services held in solidarity with the 13 Iranian Jews now being tried for espionage in Southern Iran. Three of those being tried have publicly confessed to spying for Israel, though Israel discounted the confessions, stating they were given under duress."] but not with ['Represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on NPR', 'Carl reads three quotes from the weeks news: starting with the Beggar in Chief; Bloodthirsty Political Debates and Earth 2.0.']

Question: New Global Banking Rules

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The Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank and other countries' central bankers have proposed rules to avoid world economic collapse. They're called Basel III; while this sounds like a bad vid released directly to Fearnet, it's got some teeth. Banks would have to keep seven percent in capital reserves to ward off disaster and global accounting rules would be standardized among other ideas. The G-20 will review the recommendations, because countries don't want economic disaster to happen again, right? Wait - what if it's still happening? Last Friday on All Things Considered, Alex Blumberg and Adam Davidson reported why some European countries could be effectively bankrupt:  Credit spreads across much of Europe have widened. But that actually means things may be worse now than they  were in April. There is a growing fear that Europe has not gotten its  financial act together and is in even more serious financial trouble. If  credit spreads widen more, we could see an already sick global economy  get much worse.  Opponents say these rules will worsen problems because banks will have to hold back so much cash, they won't be able to lend. WHAT TRIGGERED THE SAN BRUNO GAS EXPLOSION? Nobody yet knows. The National Transportation Safety Board investigators carried off a 28 foot chunk of ruined pipe at the center of the blast, and sections of nearby pipeline for testing. Four people died and dozens of people are hurt following Thursday evening's neighborhood explosion. California utility regulators yesterday ordered Pacific Gas and Electric to inspect all pipelines for weaknesses.  They've also instructed PG&E to turn over all relevant documents and disclose how much is spent on pipeline safety and repairs. Some residents are starting to return home to what they describe as a bombing scene. T-S JULIA FORMS BUT IGOR IS THE MONSTER The National Hurricane Center has posted tropical storm warnings for the Cape Verde Islands off Africa, where Julia has formed. Julia is expected to gain hurricane strength in a few days in the central Atlantic Ocean. Igor, however, is already swirling there with top winds of 150 miles per hour. Igor is a Category Four storm on the center's Saffir-Simpson scale. It may soon reach the top Category Five rank, with winds of 155 mph, and the Center minces no words about its power:  Complete collapse of many  older metal buildings can occur.  Most unreinforced masonry walls will fail which can lead to the collapse of the buildings.  A high percentage of industrial buildings  and low-rise apartment buildings will be destroyed.  Nearly all windows will  be blown out of high-rise buildings resulting in falling glass, which will  pose a threat for days to weeks after the storm.  Nearly all commercial  signage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed. Nearly all trees will be snapped  or uprooted and power poles downed.  Fallen trees and power poles will  isolate residential areas.  Power outages will last for weeks to possibly  months.  Long-term water shortages will increase human suffering.  Most of the  area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.  Bermuda may lie directly in Igor's path. SHE FORGAVE YOU, KANYE With separate, emotional performances at last night's MTV Video Music Awards, Taylor Swift and Kanye West tried to smooth over Kanye's boorish stunt last year, in which he interrupted Swift, who was accepting an award, to tell her Beyonce really deserved it. This year, Swift performed her new song, 'Innocent', whose lyrics appear to contain the olive branch: 'Who you are is not what you did ... 32 is still growing  up now ... you're still an innocent. Everyone of us  has messed up, too ... I hope you remember today is never too  late to be brand new.' Kanye expounded on his apology with these lyrics: 'I always find something wrong; you've been putting up with my  (expletive) for too long.' The big winner last night Lady Gaga, with eight wins, including Video of the Year for Bad Romance. Here's the link, including bits from Kanye's expletive-laden song.

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For instance, <<['represent this subtitle to find a title that might be right above it on npr\n\n------\n\nE.g.:\nPolitical protest songs from Neil Young; A Peter Seeger tribute from Bruce Springsteen; A more subdued CD by Secret Machines; Neo-psychedelica from The Black Angels; A steel drum tribute to The Ramones; Early twentieth century New Orleans Jazz; A gorgeous "audio film" from China. Download this show in the All Songs Considered podcast. Sign up for the All Songs Considered newsletter and we\'ll tell you when new music features are available on the site. == Neil Young, Secret Machines, The Ramones', 'Deborah Harkness used her background as a history of science professor to write the the hugely successful “All Souls Trilogy.” The books are set in a world where witches, vampires and demons live alongside humans, and center around the romance of Diana, a reluctant witch, and Matthew, a vampire who’s 1,500 years old. As the third and final installment, “The Book of Life,” comes out in paperback on Tuesday, we revisit Here & Now host Meghna Chakrabarti’s conversation with Deborah Harkness from last July, when the book first came out. \nHear the original segment and read an excerpt of “The Book of Life”\n\nGuest\n\nDeborah Harkness, author of the “All Souls” trilogy. Her latest book is “The Book of Life.” She’s also a professor of history at the University of California. She tweets @DebHarkness.']>>  to <<['Represent the headline to find a news subtitle on NPR with more details', "'All Souls Trilogy' Author Deborah Harkness"]>>

EPA Ruling. Healthcare Financing. End Music.


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Question: 'Stop Acting Like Pouty Children': Shutdown Messages For Washington

Leaders in Washington continue negotiations to end a partial government shutdown, and they're getting their own messages out about how we got here. As NPR's Ron Elving writes, each party is accusing the other of being out of touch with Americans — and they're both probably right. So we asked you what you want them to know. Many federal workers wrote in and expressed dismay at Congress for holding the country — and people's paychecks "hostage" and for using them, especially the military, as "bargaining chips." Some messages could have come straight out of a kindergarten class: "Stop pointing fingers," "please play nicely," "stop acting like pouty children," and "I don't care who started it." Others, anxious about their own paychecks, proposed that Congress' pay be cut until they work out a compromise. And some sympathized with Congress and believes leaders should hold firm on their convictions — especially on illegal immigration. Here are some of the messages NPR's readers have for Washington: (You can tell us how a government shutdown is affecting you by filling out this form.) Mika Cross of Maryland:  "Federal workers are the most dedicated people I know- we care immensely about our jobs, our mission and the impact the shutdown has on our ability to do what we're funded for. As a veteran myself working for an organization that serves veterans and their families, I'm appalled that [leaders are] unable to meet in the middle and agree to fund the gov. I also feel strongly that if their pay and benefits were affected they'd have motivation to do so more effectively."  Michaela Reilly, Berkeley, Calif.:  "Y'all need to get it together and stop playing the blame game. Get to work and acknowledge one another's humanity instead of using your self righteous motivations as reason for disempowering the federal governing powers of this country."  Kait Hess, Philadelphia:  "Unfortunately it came to a shutdown but I think the Dems made the right call by not supporting the GOP's stopgap funding bill. DACA is a moral obligation."  Paul E. Kiefer, Jr., Austin, Texas:  "Don't use your employees as political pawns. Keep us going so that we can do the work that is necessary to run the government."  Jeremy Bol, Chesapeake, Va.  "Every moment you refuse to budge you cost America money. Every moment you waste the dislike for the government at large, Democrat, Republican or independent, grows. This should be a simple fix. Be adults and stop pointing fingers. You're all responsible.  Andrew Fritz, Rhode Island:  "I am a proud Democrat. I stand by their mission to ensure protected status for Dreamers. Even if it means loss of pay for me. I believe all lives are equal and no matter what labels (illegals, etc.) people should be helped by those that find themselves in a position of power."  Sue Esselman, Annapolis, Md.  "Yes, hold your ground. DO NOT give in and let more illegals stay in our country. Compromise, but not to the point that you give in completely. Get us out of this CR and pass a budget!"  Philip Traquair, Phoenix:  "Stop acting like pouty children and do your job or go home — both Democrat and Republican."

Stories: 1) 'Just One More Thing' About Falk, TV's 'Columbo' 2) What Happens When Charter Schools Fail?


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Question: Embassy Bombing Trial

NPR's Melissa Block reports on the federal trial of four men believed to be involved in the bombings of two U.S. Embassies in Africa. One of the suspects, who claims he played no part in the 1998 attacks, says he was instructed to leave the country four months before the bombing even occurred.

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Lethal Injection Hearings Continue. Violent Crime Wave Sweeps Tijuana. End Music.


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Question: Health Care Financing Initiative Filed

Late word this afternoon that the initiative has been filed for funding the health care reform plan now awaiting state Senate approval, with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and Assembly Speaker Fabian Nunez as its official authors.
The initiative asks voters to approve a financing plan to pay for the $14 billion a year reform proposal, and includes [...]

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Global Warming Solutions Act. San Joaquin Episcopal Split. End Music.


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Question: Elaine Stritch On 'Song Travels'

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Three-time Emmy winner Elaine Stritch became a star on Broadway before going on to play a string of highly regarded film and television roles. She recently played Colleen, mother of Alec Baldwin's character Jack Donaghy, on the hit sitcom 30 Rock. After more than 40 years in New York, Elaine Stritch moved home to Michigan not long ago. But before leaving town, she sat down with host Michael Feinstein for an episode of Song Travels full of hilarious music and candid talk about her life and career in the spotlight. Subscribe to the Song Travels Express podcast.

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Stories: 1) Nellie McKay, Live on 'Fresh Air' 2) Guilty Pleasures: 'Project Runway' on Bravo


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Question: Letters from Listeners

The Weekend Edition mailbag gets opened and host Scott Simon dips into its contents.


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Question: Al-Qaida Affiliates 'Foremost Concern' For U.S.

Top intelligence officials explained the latest challenges the U.S. faces in combating terrorism to the Senate Intelligence Committee on Tuesday. Besides concerns of attacks orchestrated by large networks like al-Qaida, officials also expect to see more attacks by lone radicals and operatives with clean records.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Strong Quake Hits Near Iran-Iraq Border, Killing More Than 200.  -- Human Rights Barely Registers In Meeting Between Trump, Philippines' Duterte. -- Is A Corporate Tax Cut What The Economy Really Needs Right Now? --  Mueller Russia Probe Moves Into The White House And GOP's Math Problem On Taxes. And here are more early headlines: Democrats Draw Attention At U.N. Climate Conference. (Politico) Report: Syria Allegedly Starving Civilians To Force Surrender. (Amnesty International) Saudi Coalition To Ease, But Not Lift, Yemen Blockade. (VOA) North Korean Soldier Shot While Defecting To South Korea. (Yonhap) Eight Afghan Police Reportedly Killed In Western Province. (AP)  French Review Security, 2 Years After Paris Attacks. (Reuters) Menendez Jury Resumes Work With New Member. (NJ.com)


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Question: Schiff plays Beethoven

Andras Schiff plays the Piano Sonata in E, Op. 109, by Beethoven, in a performance from the Lugano Festival in Switzerland.

From a new CBC release, the CBC Vancouver Symphony performs "Still Life" from the "Picasso Suite"


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Question: Week in Review with Daniel Schorr

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NPR's Scott Simon discusses the week's news with NPR's Daniel Schorr, senior news analyst.

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Stories: 1) Colin Meloy of The Decemberists 2) Remembering Father Robert Drinan 3) The Metropolitan Opera in a Theater Near You


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Question: Climate Change May Spark More Wildfires In Future

A new study shows that in coming years, the frequency of wildfires will increase because of climate change. Audie Cornish talks to Max Moritz, lead author of the study at University of California-Berkeley.

Stories: 1) Michael Klare: Grappling With The Age Of 'Tough Oil' 2) How Endangered Species Are Faring In The Gulf


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Question: GOP Appears Fully Behind Trump Despite Grumblings Among Some In The Establishment

President Trump is not facing a strong primary opponent, so far. That's a sign of how unified Republican voters are behind him heading into 2020, despite discomfort and grumbling in the establishment.

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Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Giuliani: Trump Might Refuse Mueller Subpoenas Or Take The Fifth. -- Putin To Start Historic Fourth Term As Russian Leader. -- Pakistan's Interior Minister Survives Suspected Assassination Attempt. -- In Traditional First-Lady Style, Melania Trump To Unveil Her Policy Goals. -- Republican Fears About Holding The Senate Start To Sink In. And here are more early headlines: Reports: Israeli Firm Collected Info On Obama Administration Officials Who Backed Iran Deal. (New Yorker) (The Observer) Volcanic Lava Destroys At Least 26 Hawaiian Homes. (Hawaii News Now) Trump Opposes W.V. GOP Senate Candidate Blankenship. (Fox) Waffle House Shooting Suspect To Appear In Court. (Tennessean) Report: Missile Hits Presidential Compound In Yemen's Capital. (Al-Arabiya)


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Question: Chaplains Ease the Loss of Four-Legged Family

Pet owners often see their animals as members of the family, and a pet death can trigger a difficult -- and lonely -- mourning process.  Laura Leslie reports on a new breed of minister who specializes in helping bereaved pet owners.

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Stories: 1) Brain Injuries Haunt Football Players Years Later 2) How Traumatic Events Change Our View Of Language


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Question: In Wake Of Maryland Football Death, Assessing The Costs Of Big-Time College Sports

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With Meghna Chakrabarti The University of Maryland reverses course and fires the football coach in the wake of a player’s death. We’ll look at big-time sports and the costs of too big to fail. Guests David Steele, writer for SportingNews.com. (@David_C_Steele) Jonathan Allen, University of Maryland student body president. (@jonathanallen44) Gilbert Gaul, author of “Billion-Dollar Ball: A Journey Through the Big-Money Culture of College Football.” From The Reading List Sporting News: “Maryland is late doing the right thing with DJ Durkin, so it’s still wrong” — “At first glance, it seems as if Maryland getting out of the DJ Durkin business will appease the angry masses. It will appease some. It’s doubtful it will appease them in full. “In the strictest, technical sense, Durkin’s exit Wednesday night reverses the catastrophic mistake the Maryland Board of Regents made the day before. In reality, it does not undo the mistake. That’s how bad and how big it was. It can’t be washed away in 24 hours just because Durkin was. The slap in the face to the campus, students, alumni, players, potential recruits, the sport and, most of all, Jordan McNair’s family, will sting for a long time. “Years, probably — until everybody involved in giving Durkin that unconscionable free pass is out. That might fix it and might encourage anyone who might want to re-up their support for Maryland to do it: Burn all of it to the ground and sow the soil with salt. Never permit the possibility of a decision like that — the last and arguably most offensive of all the school’s lousy decisions — to be made again, by anyone with the power to make it.” New York Times: “University of Maryland Chaos Is Rooted in Lofty Sports Goals” — “Six years ago, the University of Maryland announced with great fanfare that it had made a leap to one of the nation’s most powerful athletic conferences, a move that carried the promise of riches and prestige. “This week, the gambit blew up in spectacular fashion over three tumultuous days during which the president announced his retirement, the football coach was fired and the chairman of the university’s governing board resigned. “The trigger was the death of a 19-year-old football player named Jordan McNair, who collapsed from heatstroke after practice in the sweltering heat in May and died two weeks later.” ESPN: “The inside story of a toxic culture at Maryland football” — “Several current University of Maryland football players and people close to the Terrapins program describe a toxic coaching culture under head coach DJ Durkin before offensive lineman Jordan McNair’s death in June after a football workout. “McNair, who was 19, died two weeks after being hospitalized following a May 29 team workout. He collapsed after running 110-yard sprints, showing signs of extreme exhaustion and difficulty standing upright. No official cause of death has been released, but ESPN reported Friday that he died of heatstroke suffered during the workout and had a body temperature of 106 degrees after being taken to a hospital.”


Question: The California Report Magazine 2007-03-16

Lousy Report Card for State Schools — Dozens of studies, conducted over two years, find that state schools need a dramatic overhaul in the way they're governed and funded in order to succeed in moving back toward the top nationwide. Also, a new art gallery and studio in Napa helps developmentally disabled adults find an outlet — and sales — for their creative spirit.

Stories: 1) Latino USA Episode 925 2) Latino USA Episode 926


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Question: Memo To The Rest of You...

In the latest political love poem from the national media to Arnold Schwarzenegger, the new edition of Esquire magazine proclaims that the governor is leading the nation into a ¿new kind of politics.¿

The March cover story, ¿The President of 12% of Us,¿ takes a quick tour of recent political goings-on in California en route to [...]

Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert weren't the only funny ones at The Rally  to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on the National Mall Saturday. Here are  some of the signs we spotted throughout the day. God Hates Snuggies I Was Told There'd Be Cookies. We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself, And Spiders. Kitlers Against Hitler Analogies Government Doesn't Suck Real Patriots Drink Whiskey Don't Tread On Anyone That's No Moon Hyperbole Or Instant Death Slogans Are Crap I Stand 4 Good Posture I'm A Veteran. I'm An American. I Am Muslim. I Support The Right To Arm Bears Calm The F*** Down America Fear Is Illogical Just Stop Bickering And Clean This Mess Up THIS FONT IS BIG Going Out Of Business Everything 70-80 Percent Off I Am Moderately Excited For This Stand On The Right, Walk On The Left You Don't Have To Be Nice, Just Don't Be Mean Libraries Are Socialist Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet I thought Neil Young was going to be playing 1 Percent Sane, 98 Percent American, You Do The Math! Olivia Munn Fan (No ...  Really ...) Fear Gives Me A Boehner My Wife Is A Muslim And Not A Terrorist, But I'm Scared Of Her Anyway Abide CAPSLOCK IS NOT PERSUASIVE Festivas For The Rest Of Us I Heart Beck's Album Mellow Gold It Was His Best In My Opinion Senate Math 41 > 59 Yelling Rarely Works ... I Know, I'm A Mom! Don't Stomp On My Head, Bro


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Question: Australia Gets A New Prime Minister

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Updated at 2:51 a.m. ET Speaking to the country for the first time since being elected by party members as Australia's 30th prime minister Friday, Scott Morrison said his priority in the coming days will be to address a drought that has struck the state of New South Wales. Morrison said he would review drought response plans with officials. New South Wales is Australia's most populous state and the drought is the most severe in recent memory. He also said he would work to bring Australia's main conservative party, the Liberals, back together after it had been "bruised and battered this week."  Morrison's tenure marks the the sixth prime minister change in Australia in about 11 years, continuing a trend of instability that has marked the country's politics in recent years. Australia's ruling conservative Liberal Party chose Morrison, the treasurer, to replace Malcolm Turnbull as the country's next prime minister. Morrison said Turnbull has "been a dear friend" and said he had "been proud to serve with him."  Turnbull was forced out after an internal power struggle within the Liberal Party. Morrison was the "candidate best able to gather votes from across the ideological divide," according to The Guardian, which notes that Morrison "was also expected to win support from moderates who once would have viewed him with suspicion."  The newspaper also calls Morrison the "architect" of the country's hardline immigration policies. Australia sends many asylum-seekers coming by boat to detention centers outside of the country. Party members voted 45-40 in favor of Morrison over Peter Dutton, a former Cabinet minister who mounted an unsuccessful challenge against Turnbull's leadership earlier this week. Foreign Minister Julie Bishop ran as well but did not advance to a final vote Friday.   It was Dutton's backers who forced Turnbull to hold the leadership vote on Friday. Turnbull did not stand for election in the vote and said he will resign from Parliament "not before too long." His resignation "means the new government will face a by-election for his Sydney seat that could see it lose its one-seat majority," according to Reuters. Turnbull faced opposition from conservative members of his party over low poll numbers as the country approaches a general election in May 2019.  Turnbull told reporters Friday there was "a determined insurgency from a number of people both in the party room and backed by voices, powerful voices, in the media" to "bring down my prime ministership." His loss to a member of his own party continues a trend of prime ministers failing to finish their full term — Turnbull himself came to power in 2015 in what Reuters calls a "party-room coup," defeating Tony Abbott. Turnbull is a "social liberal and multi-millionaire former merchant banker," who the wire service says "has struggled to appeal to conservative voters and only narrowly won a general election in 2016." The Associated Press reports that the "revolving door" of prime ministers is "universally hated by Australians."

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Stories: 1) How A Few Made Millions Betting Against The Market 2) A 'Justified' Outing For A Loose-Cannon Lawman


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Question: U.S. Must Responsibly Leave Iraq, Hamilton Says

Senators from both parties are looking again at the recommendations of the Iraq Study Group report to guide U.S. policy in that country. Lee Hamilton, co-chair of the Iraq Study Group and director of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, says President Bush and Congress are struggling toward progress. He says that the U.S. has a duty to responsibly exit from Iraq. Hamilton spoke with Renee Montagne.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- McCain Takes Swipe At President For Vietnam 'Bone Spur' Deferment. -- Director James Toubek Accused Of Harassment By Dozens Of Women. -- AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka Wins A Third 4-Year Term. -- Digging In The Mud To See What Toxic Substances Were Spread By Hurricane Harvey. -- David Letterman Honored With Twain Award For American Comedy.  And here are more early headlines: Schumer Seeks "CEO" For Disaster Recovery In Puerto Rico. (The Hill) Sgt. Bergdahl's Sentencing Hearing Opens Today. (CNN) Vietnam Veteran Who Saved Dozens To Receive Medal Of Honor. (ABC) Catalan Officials To Resist Spanish Government Takeover. (BBC) After Criticism, W.H.O. Rescinds Zimbabwe Leader's Appointment. (Washington Post) Philippines Says Assault On Marawi Militants Is Over. (Reuters) India's Government Tells Myanmar To Take Back Rohingyas. (AP)


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Question: Does It Pay To Pay Teachers $100,000?

We're brought up to believe our teachers are modern-day saints. Just look at how we portray them in the movies and on TV. From Dead Poets Society's iconic Mr. Keating to resourceful LouAnne Johnson in Dangerous Minds, we reinforce time and again that teaching is a noble calling. These teachers are heroes, we're told. It's hard to imagine them even thinking about money. But their real-life counterparts aren't getting rich, either. The average pay for a teacher in the United States? About $56,000, usually higher in urban districts, lower in rural ones. Add the fact that salaries fell in recent years, and it's probably no surprise that more teachers are leaving the profession, with fewer entering it. And yet, here and there, in a few places around the country, some teachers have attained what has long been considered a mark of success in this country: a six-figure salary. One place you can find them is Washington, D.C. After 14 years teaching in the nation's capital, Hope Harrod is closing in on that magic number. "I didn't expect to make the kind of money I'm making now," she says. Sure, $100,000 doesn't put you up there with hedge-fund managers. But it's still good money. These days, paying teachers that much is "unusual, but not rare," says Dick Startz, an economist with the University of California, Santa Barbara. And it's becoming less rare every day. The teacher shortages and pipeline problems are leading some school districts back to the drawing board — or chalkboard, rather. And increasingly, one of the things on the table is higher pay — even six figures. In most places, reaching that magic number still means getting there the old-fashioned way — with a master's degree and 10 or 20 years on the job. And in places like New York state, salaries are given a hefty boost simply because the cost of living is higher, too. So what's new? A growing number of districts are looking to change that pay structure. The goal: Give teachers, even younger teachers, the chance to earn more. Reward them not for seniority or advanced degrees, but for how well they teach. Startz called these strides a "very small step" in the right direction. "If we want a large set of people to do a job relatively well, we have to pay them relatively well," he said. 'It's A Really Good Feeling' Until a few years ago, Hope Harrod made better than the national average for a teacher, but nowhere near six figures. The 40-year-old educator, who teaches fourth- and fifth-graders at John Burroughs Elementary School in Washington, says that changed in 2010. That was the year Michelle Rhee, then the city's schools chancellor, upended teacher compensation in the nation's capital. Rather than advance teachers solely on the basis of seniority or education, the city school system rewards performance, with an evaluation system that involves classroom observations, test scores and other criteria. Now, Harrod earns a salary close to that $100,000 mark. Not that she teaches for the money: "I love watching kids move through their thinking," she told us. "I love to hear them talk to each other about the ideas that they have." Still, she says, recognition matters. "I feel like I'm very much in a system that's honoring me in a way that other systems don't honor other teachers," she said. She doesn't use that salary to buy a Mercedes-Benz or a home near Embassy Row. Instead, she said, she uses it to put away money for savings and help give her dad a more comfortable retirement. And, as with many other teachers, some of it goes right back into her job so that Harrod can help her students. "Now I can spend money on my classroom and do that without worrying about bills for the rest of my life," she added. "It's a really good feeling." Where Other Teachers Can Make Six Figures This year, 765 teachers in the D.C. schools earned $100,000 or more, including bonuses. The salaries stem from a program called Impact Plus that Rhee negotiated with teachers' unions. Essentially, the contract was a trade: more money for important concessions. Teachers agreed to competitive performance evaluations and the loss of tenure protections in return for the chance to increase their base salaries and receive bonuses. "We were trying to do something that had never been done before," Rhee explained in a recent phone interview. Half a decade later, more districts around the country are considering or adopting performance pay. In February, the Center for American Progress, a left-leaning think tank, identified 10 school districts revising their pay schedules and boosting teacher pay. The Bigger Debate So, if the benefits of paying teachers more seem straightforward, why isn't the six-figure salary — the one that doesn't take three decades to earn — catching on in most other communities? For one, the issue may be wading into performance pay, a sticky subject for those who feel evaluations could be unfair to teachers or make schools themselves more competitive. Diane Ravitch, a New York Un

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The provided query could be "['', "Many families are facing difficult times as news of more layoffs hit daily headlines. How much should children be told about a family's financial situation?"]" and the positive "['represent this short title to find a subtitle that might be right below it on npr', 'Telling Children About Financial Problems']"

Good morning. Our early headlines: -- Protests, Clashes Build Again In Cairo. -- Deal Reached On Greek Debt, Markets Rise In Relief. -- Arafat's Grave Opened, Samples Taken To Be Tested For Poison. Other stories making news: -- "Fiscal Cliff Compromise: Devil Is In The Definition Of Revenue." (It's All Politics) -- Fiscal Cliff Talks "Accelerate." (The Washington Post) -- Bangladesh Factory Fire That Killed More Than 100 "Was Deliberately Set, Officials Believe." (The Guardian) -- "North Korea Suspected Of Planning Rocket Test." (The New York Times) -- Sandy-related Damage In New York And New Jersey Topped $60 Billion, Governors Say. (The Associated Press) -- Dr. Joseph Murray, Who Performed First Successful Kidney Transplant And Won A Nobel Prize, Has Died. (The Associated Press) -- Powerball Jackpot At Record $425 Million — And Growing — Ahead Of Wednesday Drawing. (ABC News)


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Question: Listener Limerick Challenge

The crisis for shuttlecock users; the pill we all could use; the moon of the moon.

Fan Fare, The History of Rookwood Pottery, More Fun Than Bowling, Sugarcane Academy, Brasilia, Eclipse: Twilight, Book 3


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Question: Swiss Government To Sell Its Stake In UBS

The Swiss government has announced it is selling its stake in banking giant UBS. During the financial crisis, the government had put billions into the bank. The news comes on the heels of an announcement that UBS reached an agreement with the U.S. Justice Department to provide the IRS with information on more than 4,400 accounts suspected of holding undeclared assets by American customers.

Good morning, here are our early stories: After Chávez: His 'Revolution' Is Likely To Continue. Storm Brings Season's Heaviest Snowfall To Midwest, Mid-Atlantic. And here are more early headlines: Brennan's CIA Nomination On 'Fast Track'; Vote May Come As Early As Thursday. (AP) Finally! Last Cardinal Expected Soon At Vatican To Help Choose New Pope. (CNN) Could Dow's New Record Prompt More Spending By Wealthy? (Marketwatch) European Union Fines Microsoft For Denying Consumers Web Browser Choice. (Reuters) After Two Years Of Fighting, Syria Has 1 Million Refugees. (Los Angeles Times) Los Angeles City Councilman, Controller, Headed For Mayoral Runoff. (KPCC) Czech Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Under Attack By Hackers. (Reuters) Did The Duchess Of Cambridge Drop A Hint About Her Baby's Gender? (People)


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Question: George Floyd Protests Draw Comparisons To 1968 Unrest Across The US

The year 1968 is remembered as one of the most difficult in American history when protests broke out across the country over the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. Here & Now’s Jeremy Hobson talks with Julian Zelizer, professor of history and public affairs at Princeton University and a CNN political analyst, about the legacy of 1968 on today’s political and social unrest. This article was originally published on WBUR.org.

Good morning, here are our early stories: -- Trump Meets 3 Americans Held In North Korea As They Return To U.S. -- Scientists Warn That Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano Could Erupt 'Ballistic Rocks'. -- Dam Collapse Leaves At Least 20 Dead In Kenya. -- In Election Upset, Malaysia's Mahathir Returns To Power After A Quarter Century. -- 'I Look Forward' To Ending My Life, 104-Year-Old Assisted Suicide Advocate Says. And here are more early headlines: White House Holding Summit On Artificial Intelligence. (Los Angeles Times) Ford Suspends F-150 Truck Production After Fire. (Detroit Free Press) Deadly New Storm Strikes Northern India. (Times Of India) 200th Anniversary Of Paul Revere's Death Observed. (Boston Globe) Mexican State Allows Nicknames Such As 'Big Moustache' On Ballot. (AP)


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Question: Quicktake Northwest 10-6-06

OPB's morning podcast of top news stories from around the Pacific Northwest.

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Guest: Arthur Allen, a Former Associated Press Foreign Correspondent and Journalist with Slate (Archive from 3/13/07)