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'['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Development of open tubular molecular imprinted columns']' == '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The technique of molecular imprinting is a versatile procedure where a template molecule is introduced in a three-dimensional, cross-linked polymer that offers an efficient route for artificial molecular recognition. The recognition properties of molecular imprinting polymers (MIP) have been extensively pursued through capillary electrochromatography (CEC). Among the various formats used in CEC, open-tubular-CEC based MIP columns are promising tools for the research of recognition abilities of MIPs owing to simple column preparation, no bubble formation, and stable EOF application, etc. This book includes the methods of the fabrication of different porous layers on the silica capillary inner surfaces which increase the surface area and sample load capacity. The fabricated OT-CEC MIP columns have been utilized for the enantiomer separation of various classes of pharmaceutical drugs.']' != '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Janus particles, which have two or more distinct physical surfaces, provide a number of potential applications in many fields. However, it is difficult to selectively load chemical or biological components onto the Janus particles. Here, the approach utilizing molecular imprinting and Pickering emulsion technologies for the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based Janus particles (which showed high affinity to the targets) is described stepwise. As self-propelled microengines possessing specific molecular recognition ability, Janus molecularly imprinted polymer particles show high potential for specific and well-controlled drug delivery.']'

Question: RHEED study of Nb thin film growth on α-Al2O3 (0001) substrate

Abstract The Nb films with thickness from several tens to 500 A were grown by means of a special evaporation source (NbEBES) on (0001) alumina substrates in ultra high vacuum (UHV) conditions. The quality of the substrate surface and epitaxial parameters of the Nb over layers were examined by Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED). The two epitaxial orientations of Nb film with respect to the (0001) surface plane of alumina substrate were observed in the dependence of the substrate temperature during the Nb deposition. In the range between 250 and 400°C the (110) epitaxial orientation was found. For the substrate temperature higher than 400°C the (111) epitaxial orientation took place. Also the influence of the substrate temperature on the surface roughness of the resulted Nb film was studied. Very low evaporation rate (several A/min) at the substrate temperature range between 350 and 400°C produced a relatively smooth surface of the Nb thin film with the (110) epitaxial orientation.

Abstract The (110) surface of a thin W crystal deposited with Si has been investigated by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that an ordered Si–W alloy layer with a regular periodic arrangement of antiphase boundaries (APBs) is formed, as a result of intermixing of deposited Si with the W substrate at room temperature (RT). A crystal structure model of this W–Si superstructure is proposed in this study. After 800°C annealing of Si deposited at RT, grains of tetragonal WSi 2 are formed on the W–Si ordered alloy layer. Grains of WSi 2 are also formed when Si is deposited on a W substrate maintained at 900°C. These WSi 2 grains have epitaxial orientation relationships with the W(110) substrate as follows: (110)W//(013) WSi 2 and [001]W//[100]WSi 2 .


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represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract

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['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract.', 'The modified embedded-atom method interatomic potentials and recent progress in atomistic simulations'] == ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Atomistic simulations such as molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo are widely used for understanding the material behavior at a more fundamental level, e.g., at the atomic level. However, there still exist limitations in the variety of material systems, specimen size and simulation time. This article briefly outlines the formalism and performance of the second nearest-neighbor modified embedded-atom method, an interatomic potential formalism applicable to a wide range of materials systems. Recent progresses made to overcome the inherent size and time limitations of atomistic simulations are also introduced along with the challenges still remaining in extending their applicability. Finally, the authors release all the potential parameter sets for elements and alloy systems, and relevant homemade atomistic simulation codes based on the interatomic potential formalism with a user guide.'] != ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'A new empirical Fe-He potential has been developed by fitting results obtained from first-principles calculations. Both the formation and relaxation energies of single He defects and small He clusters were accounted for in the fitting process. The new potential consists of a repulsive pair-potential term and a three-body interaction term, and was applied in combination with three commonly used iron interatomic potentials, and a potential describing the behavior of helium in vacuum. As an application of the new potential, the stability of He-vacancy clusters at zero temperature was evaluated. The calculated results were similar for all three Fe potentials, and the new potentials provide results that are more consistent with ab initio calculations than those obtained from previous Fe-He potentials.']

Question: Nik Wallenda and his mom Delilah complete Hard Rock highwire walk -- their last one together

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The Hard Rock Hotel & Casino in Tampa showed off its newly completed expansion Thursday in a true rock star fashion.

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This time is real. Kate Upton is not making San Francisco 49ers wash her car in a teaser, this time it’s the real thing. By Featuring Kate Upton, Usher, Willem Dafoe and the 2013 CLA, Mercedes-Benz is all set and ready to go for this year’s Super Bowl. Let’s talk about the car just for…


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Question: Genu valgum as a complication of proximal tibial metaphyseal fractures in children.

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Ten cases of undisplaced proximal tibial metaphyseal fractures in children have been presented. In each patient a significant genu valgum developed at the fracture site. This deformity appears to progress during the healing of the fracture and the valgus may even increase after the limb is removed f

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Five patients with stress fractures of the proximal tibia adjacent to an arthritic knee joint were treated by resurfacing arthroplasty with intramedullary fixation of the fracture. All five fractures healed and limb realignment was achieved. The literature concerning proximal tibial stress fractures in relation to the arthritic knee and the management of this condition is reviewed.


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Question: The Impact of Population Ageing on International Capital Flows

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This paper is oriented to study the relationship between demographical factors and international capital flows. We analyse the impact of ageing on foreign direct investments (FDI) and foreign portfolio investments (FPI) on a bilateral level. Firstly we present a theoretical foundation of the relationship and then we test it by an empirical model. Theoretical foundations are based on the lifecycle hypothesis and overlapping generations model in a demographic context. The bilateral FDI and FPI are modelled by using fixed effects balanced panel data. The results suggest that the current and future age structure of the nation has significant effect on current international capital flows.

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Seoul: An Emerging International City. Population and Economic Growth in Seoul and Seoul Metropolitan Region. Urban Land Use and Transportation. Housing, Urban Growth, and Urban Redevelopment. City Planning, Administration, and Finance. Urban Form. Conclusions: What Challenges Lie Ahead? References. Further Reading. Index.


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Question: Role of In-segregation in anomalously large band-gap bowings of (In,Al,Ga)N

ABSTRACT Large bowings of the band gap and its pressure coefficient in In-containing nitride semiconductor alloys are observed. Photoluminescence measurements for In x Ga 1-x N and In x Al 1-x N combined with other experimental data show large scatter of the results. A comparison with ab-initio calculations suggests that this scatter can be ascribed to the formation of In clusters during the sample preparation. The explanation of the observed anomalies taking into account chemical and size effects indicates a specific nature of InN, different from other nitrides and other In-based binary semiconductors. Keywords: III-V nitride alloys, In clustering, band gap bowing 1. INTRODUCTION The relations between the band gap, E g , as well as its pressure coefficient, dE g /dp, and the composition of the semiconductor alloy play important role in the design of optoelectronic devices. Many experimental and theoretical papers focused on the compositional variation of the band gaps in nitride semiconducting alloys

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Resumen en: In this work we calculate the transition energy from the first level of holes to the first level of electrons (1h−1e)for cubic InxGa1−xN/InyGa1−yN quantu...


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Question: The High Quality Humanization Service Provided by University Library

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The service for readers is the center of all the university library's work. With the coming of information age , traditional serving methods can not meet the new requirement. University library should do more service work, establish people-oriented service concept, do well on environment construction, and deepen the contents of serving and improve the quality of librarians, Only in this way can improve the service quality of university libraries, and we can satisfy the needs of the social business development.

A Helping Hand for Arts, Drama,Music And Film Students! General Tools and Research Information


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Question: Intracellular Calcium Dynamics and Autonomic Stimulation in Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanisms and Implications

While atrial fibrillation is characterized by the co-existence of multiple activation waves within the atria, rapid activations in the pulmonary veins play an important role for the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. In addition to reentry, non-reentrant mechanisms resulting from abnormal intracellular calcium handling and intracellular calcium overload can also be responsible for these rapid activations in the pulmonary veins. Meanwhile, alterations of autonomic tone, involving both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, have been implicated in initiating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. But the effectiveness of autonomic modulation as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy to catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation has been inconsistent. The interactions between the autonomic nervous system and atrial fibrillation are more complex than currently understood and further mechanistic and clinical studies are warranted.

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'To elucidate the relationship between topoisomerase (topo) II expression and sensitivity to anti-topo II drugs in mammalian cells, we generated mouse embryonic stem cell mutants heterozygous for the topo IIα gene by gene targeting. The level of topo IIα in the heterozygous cells reduced to one-half of that found in wild-type cells, while topo IIβ levels were similar in both cell types. Importantly, the heterozygous cells exhibited an increased resistance to ICRF-193 as well as VP-16, suggesting that ICRF-193, like VP-16, exerts its cytotoxicity through converting topo II to a poison.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about!', 'Decreased topoisomerase IIα expression confers increased resistance to ICRF-193 as well as VP-16 in mouse embryonic stem cells']"

Preface Synaptic Plasticity: Physiology and Neurological Disease Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory Based on Research on Ca 2 +/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Synaptic Plasticity: Emerging Role for Endocannabinoid System The Presence of Perforated Synapses in the Striatum after Dopamine Depletion. Is this a sign of Negative Brain Plasticity? Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in the Cerebellum Seizure-Induced Synaptic Plasticity: Understanding Synaptic Reorganisation Synaptic Plasticity in Cocaine Addiction Synaptic Plasticity in the Medical Prefrontal Cortex Cellular Cognition: A Focus on LTP and LTD in the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Synaptic Plasticity and Mnemonic Encoding by Hippocampal Formation Place Cells Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity by the Scaffolding Protein Spinophilin Dopamine-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in the Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Thalamocortical Loops as Mechanism of Visual Attention Index.


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represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract

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Given ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Design aspects: neutronic design. Part 4 (Section A) of the Tory II-C program'] it matches with ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', 'Declassified 28 Nov 1973. Information is presented concerning nuclear parameters, critical mass, and reactor control system. (DCC)'] but not with ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Tests data are presented for BWR and PWR rods in test HI-4 and test HI-5. Operating conditions fission product release data are included.']

Question: Epithelial Cell Mitochondrial Dysfunction and PINK1 Are Induced by Transforming Growth Factor- Beta1 in Pulmonary Fibrosis

Background Epithelial cell death is a major contributor to fibrogenesis in the lung. In this study, we sought to determine the function of mitochondria and their clearance (mitophagy) in alveolar epithelial cell death and fibrosis.

Gene Regulatory Networks Orchestrating B Cell Fate Specification, Commitment, and Differentiation.- Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Lymphocyte Lineage Determination.- Ikaros-Family Proteins: In Search of Molecular Functions During Lymphocyte Development.- Biochemistry of V(D)J Recombination.- The Pre-B Cell Receptor in B Cell Development: Recent Advances, Persistent Questions and Conserved Mechanisms.- Transcriptional Control of B Cell Activation.- Expression of MHC II Genes.- Class Switch Recombination: An Emerging Mechanism.- Blimp-1, Immunoglobulin Secretion, and the Switch to Plasma Cells.- Wnt Signaling in Lymphopoiesis.- Subject Index.


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Question: Synthesis of heuristic control strategies for liquid level control in spherical tank

In this work, a PI controller is synthesized and the closed-loop information is used for designing Fuzzy logic controller. An intelligent heuristic controller, PI-Fuzzy with an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS) model is proposed for the control of liquid level in a spherical tank at different operating points. Performance of this controller is compared with other controllers like ANN, Fuzzy logic, dynamic matrix controllers. The PI-Fuzzy controller based on ANFIS model is found to produce better results than other controllers with less overshoot and error performance. The closed-loop system is simulated and implemented in real time. Results suggest that PI-Fuzzy (with ANFIS model) controller is suitable for liquid level control in spherical dynamics.

This chapter presents an original continuous time methodology and mathematical models applied for analyzing the effectiveness of technical and economic aspects of the operation of heat and electricity sources.


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Question: Scattering of excitons by excitons in semiconducting quantum well structures

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Abstract We have theoretically investigated the scattering of excitons by excitons in a two-dimensional semiconducting quantum well system. The scattering cross sections have been calculated using the Born approximation for both the elastic and inelastic scattering of the excitons by excitons. The threshold for inelastic scattering is increased over the value in a bulk semiconductor because of the enhancement of the exciton binding energy by its confinement. The behavior of the scattering cross section as a function of the energy of relative motion of the excitons is different than in the bulk and the cross section is a more sensitive function of the ratio of the electron and hole masses than in the bulk.

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.

For instance, <<['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title!', 'Aiming at the severe effect of poly-silicon deposition process on the performance of polysilicon swtich, experiments were made on optimization of poly-silicon deposition and releasing the stress of polysilicon beams to obtain optimal process conditions. By using the optimizing process, the fabrication process for polysilicon mechanical switch is designed, and a poly-silicon micromachined RF MEMS(radio frequency microelectronic machined system) switch has been fabricated. The switch is tested, the results are as follows: the off-state capacitance and on-state capacitance are 0.1 p F and 2.5p F , respectively, and the pull down voltage is 45V. Those optimizing key process technology for fabrication polysilicon mechanical switches is useful, and will be a base for developing RF switch systems with IC.']>>  to <<['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Optimization of poly-silicon deposition process for switch']>>

We present a numerical model of quasi one-dimensional and quasi zero-dimensional semiconductor heterostructures strictly based on experimental structures of polyphorm cylindrical nanocolumns.


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Question: First axion dark matter search with toroidal geometry

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We firstly report an axion haloscope search with toroidal geometry. In this pioneering search, we exclude the axion-photon coupling $g_{a\gamma\gamma}$ down to about $5\times10^{-8}$ GeV$^{-1}$ over the axion mass range from 24.7 to 29.1 $\mu$eV at a 95\% confidence level. The prospects for axion dark matter searches with larger scale toroidal geometry are also considered.

One of the proposed germanium detector systems for the upcoming DESPEC array at the FAIR facility consists of triple modules of electrically segmented planar high-purity germanium detectors. In t ...


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Question: Getting Personal Online: Can Consumers be Targeted Behvaiorally for Internet Advertising?

The emergence of the internet as a tool for business to consumers has far - reaching ramifications. It has enabled consumers to perform many stages of the sales process in a quick and efficient manner. It also provides comprehensive product information, facilitates comparison-shopping and allows for a condensed sales process. But the basic question is how to know the customers on line? Is it really possible to study the psychographics of the on line customers and then to tap them accordingly with the right kind of ads and appropriate messages? Behavioral targeting is one of the many innovations developed by web savvy businesses to log on to personal traits and preferences of the target customers. It is believed that A CUSTOMER VISITING A WEB SITE IS THE MOST POWERFUL BEHAVIOR THAT HE CAN SHOW.

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Contents Preface * Chapter 1: Definitions and Necessities * Chapter 2: What Do We Market? * Chapter 3: To Whom Do We Market Internally? * Chapter 4: How Do We Market? * Chapter 5: Innovation? * Chapter 6: What Have We Gained? * Appendix 1: Addresses of Institutions Mentioned * Appendix 2: Marketing Typologies * References * Index


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Question: The ARP cache structure of LAN emulation server in ATM-LAN system

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Combing ATM technology with LAN is one of the methods to improve network performance and enhance network capability by providing QoS in the network service. The ATM Forum's LAN emulation efficiently combines the LAN service with ATM transport technology. The LE ARP (address resolution protocol) cache is maintained by the entities of LAN emulation. This paper looks into the LE ARP cache and its usage. This paper proposes a simple and efficient LE ARP cache structure and implementation method using both software and hardware methodology.

In this paper,based on NT powerful function in network application,the interlink between MS NT server and Novell Netware Server was briefly introduced.Also some network services related with Netware were listed.


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Question: Cost and energy efficient optical amplifiers for space division multiplexing

Realization of cost and energy efficient optical amplifiers is a key prerequisite for the commercial success of fiber capacity increase by space division multiplexing. Concepts and requirements for pumping preamplifier and booster stages are discussed.

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We show that a multimode fiber can support both single-mode “Si-Photonics” and multimode VCSEL technologies. This allows designers of data centers and optical backplanes to install one fiber infrastructure that is compatible with both technologies.


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Question: The choice of gainsharing plans in North America: A congruence perspective

Utilizing multinomial logit analyses of survey data from 217 organizations having experience with gainsharing plans in North America, congruence explanations of the choice of a particular type of gainsharing plan were examined. The choice of gainsharing plan was influenced by situational factors such as labor intensity, organizational size, and nonmanufacturing. Program goals, such as reducing nonlabor costs and improving labor relations, were also related to the probability of program adoption. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

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Originality/value ::: This research is an example of an innovative approach to workplace flexibility and applies an institutional theory lens to investigate variation in the implementation of organizational change.


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E.g.
['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Public Finance and Harmonious Society'] == ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The new proposition of "establishing a harmonious socialist society" is a significant development of Marxist theory in China\'s socialist construction. It is closely related with the idea of scientific development view and well-off society.they influence each other and form an organic unity.Every harmony-oriented type of reform must reflect the general requirements of establishing a harmonious socialist society.The principles of harmony orientation can also be applied to public finance."Harmonious finance" is the concrete embodiment of the "harmony-oriented" reform toward public finance reform.It is realized through the construction of system harmony,policy harmony and operation harmony.'] != ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Environmental Challenges, Regulations and Institutions in Saudi Arabia.- Environmental Concerns and Policies in Saudi Arabia.- Environmental Investments.- Incentive Structures.- Environmental Business Channels.- The Way Forward.']

Question: Different Economic Approaches in Forest Management

The management of forests is directly related to the landowner’s objective, and to some extent, the type of economic system employed by the landowner. The system used to manage government forests is typically different than that used by industrial landowners. Likewise, the system used by large estate owners may differ from that used by industry. Therefore, the management of forests is directly affected by the individual’s attitude toward money.

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Lobbying Towards a Global Standard-Setter A Fair Go for Fair Value The Behavior Modification Impact of International Accounting Standards on Decision-Making and Risk Management Fair Value-The Basis of International Financial Reporting Standards Fair Value Accounting under IAS/IFRS: Concepts, Reasons, Criticisms Adopting and Implementing International Financial Reporting Standards in Transition Economies International Convergence A Meta-National Perspective on Accounting and Auditing in Nonprofit Organizations How About Performance Audits For Public Companies


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Question: Spatial Ability Improvement and Curriculum Content

There has been a significant history of research on spatial ability and visualization improvement and related curriculum content presented by members of the Engineering Design Graphics Division over the past decade. Recently, interest in this topic has again been heightened thanks to the work of several division members on research such as the EnViSIONS project, among others. This paper reviews the foundational history of spatial visualization curriculum research in the division and explains recent research carried out in this area by the author. Research outcomes are reported, along with an analysis and proposed explanation of results for the first round of testing in this specific class. Recommendations for future studies are proposed in this area of research.

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Argument-Based Reasoning.- Personality-Based Practical Reasoning.- Argumentation Based Resolution of Conflicts between Desires and Normative Goals.- A Constrained Argumentation System for Practical Reasoning.- An Argumentation Framework Based on Strength for Ontology Mapping.- Contextual Extension with Concept Maps in the Argument Interchange Format.- Argumentation and Dialogue.- Command Dialogues.- Argumentation and Artifact for Dialogue Support.- Co-ordination and Co-operation in Agent Systems: Social Laws and Argumentation.- Annotation and Matching of First-Class Agent Interaction Protocols.- Strategic and Pragmatic Issues.- Argumentation- vs. Proposal-Based Negotiation: An Empirical Case Study on the Basis of Game-Theoretic Solution Concepts.- Argumentation-Based Information Exchange in Prediction Markets.- An Argumentative Approach for Modelling Coalitions Using ATL.- A Dialogue Mechanism for Public Argumentation Using Conversation Policies.


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Question: Callinera emiliae sp. nov. (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea) from Negros Island, the Philippines

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Callinera emiliae sp. nov., the ninth member of the genus, is described based on three specimens collected in Dumaguete, Negros Island, Republic of the Philippines. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the following characteristics: lateral sensory organs present; sub-epidermal glandular cells absent; blood vascular system without a ventral cephalic connective; nervous system with two dorsal cerebral commissures; and foregut nerves fused to form a ganglion in front of the mouth. In living specimens, epidermal constrictions were observed in the intestinal region; the presence of intestinal sphincters was confirmed in sectioned material and these correspond with the epidermal constrictions.

Two new species of the Amphinemurinae genus Amphinemura, A. bifascia sp. nov. and A. bicornata sp. nov. are described from Damingshan National Natural Reserve of central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Their relationships to other similar species in the genus are discussed.


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Question: Influence of heat treatment and microstructure on the tensile pseudoelastic response of an Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloy

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Abstract The influence of microstructure on the stress–strain behavior of an Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloy is examined. Specimens cut from a large-diameter bar of Ni50.7Ti49.3 shape memory alloy were analyzed in two states: (i) annealed and (ii) annealed and aged. The annealed state shows a fully austenitic structure with no precipitates and no distortions caused by residual stresses. The annealed and aged state has coherent Ni4Ti3 particles precipitated in the proximity of the austenite grain boundaries. The size of the precipitates increases moving away from the grain boundaries toward the grain interiors. The evolution of the two states in the stress–strain–temperature space has been analyzed using tensile specimens with special geometry. Due to the complex effects of the coherent precipitates, the specimens in the aged state exhibited lower stress plateaus in the tensile loading–unloading curves, which enabled the occurrence of transformation pseudoelasticity from room temperature to 333 K.

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ABSTRACTThe yield drop phenomenon observed in the Ti–15V-3Al–3Sn-3Cr (Ti–15–3) beta-titanium alloy and its anomalous behaviour in the boron and carbon added Ti–15–3 alloys have been studied. While ...


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Question: A MIXED-MEDIACOMMUNICATIONSARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCED INTEROPERABILITY

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Military commanders needawidevariety of datasources existing onseveral distinct networks andproduce results tosupport operational scenarios. Thesenetworks often donothave standardized interface protocols whichpermit internetwork datatransfer. Thispaperpresents aReference Modelthat incorporates different transmission elements into a setofsubnetworks forthedevelopment ofa mixed-media architecture. Threeoptions are examinedforinterconnecting mixed-media networks (MMN).Theseoptions differ inthelevel atwhichmixed-media connections aremade,and tothedegree thatexisting architectures are retained. Thismodelemphasizes TheMMN layers that selects optimum routes.

AbstractThe following sections are included:INTRODUCTIONTHE EXPECTED-UTILITY HYPOTHESISEXPERIMENTAL BACKGROUND: THE RACE TRACK AND PARIMUTUEL BETTINGTHE EXPERIMENTAL PROBABILITY CURVEFORMULATION OF THE MODEL MR. AVMARTAVMART'S INDIFFERENCE CURVEAVMART'S UTILITY OF MONEY CURVECONCLUSION


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Question: Optimization Design of Plastics Injection Mold Gate for Electric Protection Box Based on Moldflow

The mold flow of different gate design for electric protection box was analyzed by Moldflow software. Through comprehensive comparison in fill time,temperature after filling,air traps,weld lines and warpage deformation,the best gate design was determined. It can greatly shorten production development cycle and increase production efficiency.

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Microstructure and properties of joints of wrought magnesium alloy AM60 plates welded by laser beam welding

The CO2 laser beam was used to weld the wrought magnesium alloy AM60 plates,the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were studied,and the technical characteristics of magnesium alloy laser welding were discussed.The results show that a favorable weld without obvious distortion can be obtained under the suitable parameters.By metallurgical analysis it is found that the heat affected zone is not distinct,and the microstructure in fusion zone presents compact fine grains with brittle intergranular precipitates(Mg17Al12),which often accompanies with micro defects such as porosity and cracking.The result of hardness test shows that the hardness of the weld is slightly high,while the hardness of the base metal is equivalent to that of the HAZ.Under this experimental condition,the wrought magnesium alloy AM60 can be welded by CO2 laser beam welding,and the joint strength is up to 94% of the base metal.The fracture surface is characterized by mixture fracture.

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The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of activating fluxes and welding parameter to the penetration and depth-to-width ratio (DWR) of weld bead of Inconel 718 alloy welds in the tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. In the activating flux with TIG (A-TIG) welding process, the single-component fluxes used in the initial experiment were SiO2, NiO, MoO3, Cr2O3, TiO2, MnO2, ZnO, and MoS2. Based on the higher DWR of weld bead, four fluxes were selected to create six new mixtures using 50% of each original flux. The A-TIG weldment coated 50% SiO2 + 50% MoO3 flux and 75° of electrode tip angle were provided with better welding performance. In addition, the experimental procedure of flux-bounded TIG (FB-TIG) welding with the same welding conditions and flux produced full penetration of weld bead on a 6.35 mm thickness of Inconel 718 alloy plate with single pass weld.


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Question: Electromagnetic Simulation for THz Antenna-Coupled Microbolometers Operated at Room Temperature

Room-temperature terahertz (THz) detectors with higher performance are necessary for utilizing the THz wave in various sensing, spectroscopy and imaging, but even the best ones in the present are still insufficient for the practical applications. This issue is essential especially in the region around 1 THz at which there exists a large technology gap between microwave and middle-infrared. Therefore, we study to develop an antenna-coupled microbolometer to achieve a high-performance THz detector operated at a room-temperature for sensing at around 1 THz frequency wave. In this paper, we present several important features and results obtained from electromagnetic simulations, which help to design a structure of the antenna and heater to absorb efficiently the power of THz wave.

Preface.Acknowledgements.Glossary of Abbreviations.Glossary of Symbols.1. An Introduction to Optical Communication Systems.2. Principles of Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser Diodes: Coupled Wave Theory.3. Structural Impacts on the Solutions of Coupled Wave Equations: An Overview.4. Transfer Matrix Modelling in DFB Semiconductor Lasers.5. Threshold Analysis and Optimization of Various DFB LDs Using the Transfer Matrix Method.6. Above-Threshold Characteristics of DFB Laser Diodes: A TMM Approach.7. Above-Threshold Analysis of Various DFB Lase r Structures Using the TMM.8. Circuit and Transmission-Line Laser Modelling (TLLM) Techniques.9. Analysis of DFB Laser Diode Characteristics Based on the Transmission-Line Modelling (TLLM).10. Wavelength Tunable Optical Filters Based on DFB Laser Structures.11. Other Wavelenght Tunable Optical Filters Based on the DFB Laser Structure.12. Conclusion, Summary and Suggestions.Index.


Question: Oxidation and oxidation potential in contemporary packaging for polyethylene total joint replacement components.

The packaging and chemical stability of both conventional and highly crosslinked polyethylene (PE) components available for clinical use in Italy were analyzed. A total of 100 sterilized PE components were entered by 18 orthopedic manufacturers into the study. Six of the manufacturers were Italian and the remaining were based in Europe or America. Hydroperoxide, oxidation, and trans-vinylene levels within the PE components were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). None of the 31 gas-sterilized components had detectable free radicals, hydroperoxide content, or oxidation. Among radiation-sterilized inserts, the highest oxidation and hydroperoxide levels were associated with gas-permeable and polymer-barrier packaging. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that relates elevated oxidation and hydroperoxide content in gamma-sterilized PE components to certain types of contemporary, polymeric barrier packaging.

Influence of the filler (chalk) on migration of the plasticizer into air and water from poly(vinyl chloride) films plasticized with EDOS was studied by gravimetry, thermal analysis, and IR spectroscopy.


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Question: A 36-year-old military recruit with recurrent myalgias and weakness.

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The provided query could be "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'Introduction There are few studies assessing the role played by susceptibility factors on mortality related to long term exposure to air pollution. The objective of this study is to estimate the ri...']" and the positive "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'Susceptibility factors and long term effects of air pollution: mortality among 3 sub-cohorts of the Italian Longitudinal Study. Results of the LIFE MED HISS project (LIFE12 ENV/IT/000834).']"

The objective of this study was to discuss a comprehensive yet cost-effective approach to working up active duty patients with recurrent rhabdomyolysis. A 36-year-old male Army recruit was evaluated at Walter Reed Army Medical Center for recurrent rhabdomyolysis. This case illustrates a practical and cost-effective approach to this goal. Questions along the way are meant to highlight military relevance and expand diagnostic considerations of muscle pain beyond the usual. The case takes an interesting twist and reinforces that, as providers, we must explore every aspect of our patient's history to the fullest to be effective diagnosticians.

A 52-year-old woman presents with severe intra-oral ulceration and oral pain. She reports that several years earlier, she had been taking cephalexin when severe intra-oral ulceration developed.


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Question: A sub 10 pJ/Cycle Over a 2 to 200 MHz Performance Range RISC- V Microprocessor in 28 nm FDSOI

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This work presents a near-threshold microprocessor implementation that aims for ultra-high energy-efficiency, while providing MHz performances over a 100x frequency range. This allows the processor to target a wide range of applications and to provide edge computing capabilities to IoT-devices. The RISC-V IM32 ISA is implemented in 28 nm FDSOI technology. FDSOI's body-biasing capabilities are explored and result in performance specific energy optimization possibilities. Furthermore, near-threshold libraries that are based on the original technology's super-threshold standard-cells, allow for a swift implementation of the processor without the need to design a custom low-voltage standard-cell set. Measurements show that the processor core breaks the 10 pJ/ cycle energy barrier over a frequency range from 2–200 MHz. The design remains functional down to 250mV with a MEP of 4.18pJ/cycle at 21.5MHz (380 mV). The 2×32 kB on-chip SRAM consumes between 4.49 pJ /cycle and 9.58 pJ/cycle while operating at 0.5 V.

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Part 1: Application Mapping and Communication Infrastructure: Virtualization in NOCs--Enhanced MPSOC Robustness and Performance Verification.-HW Support to Exploit Parallelism in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Multicore System-on-Chip.-PALLAS: Mapping Applications onto Manycore.-Part 2: Reconfigurable Hardware in Multiprocessor Systems: Adaptive Multiprocessor System on Chip Architecture.-Designing FPGA Systems with Many Processors.-Part 3: Physical Design of Multiprocessor Systems: Design tools and methods for chip physical design.-Challenges in Physical Design for Multi- and Manycore Hardware Architectures.


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Question: Extraction of speech parameters using a model of the human auditory system

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A method for reducing the effect of interference on the spectrum of voiced speech sounds is described. The method divides the spectrum into a number of frequency regions and then uses the strength of voicing in each region as a measure of signal strength in that region. This approach is particularly suited to cases where the interference is made up of one or more sinusoidal waves. The output from the proposed system was also used to control a speech synthesizer. Informal listening tests showed that the speech produced was understandable, although it sounded metallic and machine-like due to the nature of the excitation signal that was used.<<ETX>>

The study investigates the usefulness of wavelet transforms in phoneme recognition. Both discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) and sampled continuous wavelet transforms (SCWT) are tested. The wavelet transform is used as a part of the front-end processor which extracts feature vectors for a speaker-independent HMM-based phoneme recognizer. The results are evaluated on a portion of the TIMIT corpus consisting of 30293 phoneme tokens for training and 14489 phoneme tokens for testing. The test results suggest that SCWT gives a considerably better recognition rate than DWT. On the other hand, the improvement of SCWT over Mel-scale cepstral coefficients appears to be marginal.


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Question: Analysis on surveillance results of infectious diseases among exit-entry population at Menglian port

Objective To understand the condition of the infection and the characteristics of epidemiology among extry-exit population at Menglian port through the contagious diseases monitoring,and to provide scientifie evidences for surveillance and prevention of the diseases.Methods The data of infectious diseases among entry and exit population at Menglian port from 2006 to 2011 were investigated and analyzed.Results A total of 2 469 cases were found among 28 353 entry-exit persons,the positive rate was 6.00%.In which,the positive rate of HBsAg,HIV antibody,HCV antibody,malaria and the syphilis were 0.76%、0.73%、0.40%、0.33%,respectively.The main channels of transmission of the HIV antibody-positive and the malaria were from the other countries.Most of the respondents were labors and foreigners.There was significant differences in different oecupations.Conclusion HBsAg and HIV are the major infectious diseases of entry-exit population at Menglian;It is key to mornitor labors and foreigners.

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Objective: To explore and descript the association of air pollution with outpatient visits in a hospital Taiyuan during 2013 haze episode. Methods: Data of outpatient visits were collected in a com...


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Question: Variables Contributing to Grade Retention among African American Adolescent Males.

Abstract Variables contributing to grade retention among 243 African American 13–17-year-old boys were investigated. The instrument administered was the Children's Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism interview scale, which pertains to alcohol use, discipline in the home, and conduct disorder. Results of the multiple-regression analyses revealed that 3 variables were positively associated with grade retention: (a) number of suspensions from school (the strongest predictor), (b) conduct disorder (violence against others), and (c) lack of discipline in the home. Thirty-one percent of the variation in grade retention was accounted for by the variables included in the model. Suggestions were made for alternatives to school suspension.

Contents: Preface. M.T. Brown, E.J. Pinterits, Basic Issues in the Career Counseling of African Americans. C.M. Ward, R.P. Bingham, Career Assessment for African Americans. R.P. Bingham, C.M. Ward, Career Counseling With African American Males and Females. L.A. Gilbert, R.P. Bingham, Career Counseling With Dual-Career Heterosexual African American Couples. M.G. Constantine, V.F. Parker, Addressing the Career Transition Issues of African American Women: Vocational and Personal Considerations. A.M. Byars, Rights-of-Way: Affirmative Career Counseling With African American Women. A.M. Hargrow, F. Hendricks, Career Counseling With African Americans in Nontraditional Career Fields. R.E. Phelps, M.G. Constantine, Hitting the Roof: The Impact of the Glass-Ceiling Effect on the Career Development of African Americans. D.B. Pope-Davis, B.K. Hargrove, Future Directions in Career Counseling Theory, Research, and Practice With African Americans.


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Question: THE MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY IN THE PRODUCTION OF DIDACTIC MATERIAL FOR DISTANCE PHYSICS COURSES IN BRAZIL

This work aims to show the project developed at the learning environment of the Virtual Institute of the Federal University of Ceara (FUC), in Brazil, which currently is developing the Undergraduate Physics Course, besides many other distance courses. The project is developed by public Universities almost all over the country and we believe we are contributing to promote the access to the knowledge and learning for those brazilian citizens who does not have the opportunity to attend an universitary presence course.

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THIS REPORT IS IN THREE PARTS: (1) EVOLUTION IN LIVING MATTER FROM THE ATOM OF HYDROGEN TO THE APPARITION OF MAN; (2) EVOLUTION IN GROUPS OF HUMAN BEINGS (CAMPSITES, CITIES, TOWNS, METROPOLIS, ETC) AND IN SOCIETY THROUGH THE AGES; (3) COMMENTS ON TRENDS IN TOMORROW'S CITIES. A STUDY IS MADE OF DISEQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE HUMAN POPULATION, IN THE DESTRUCTION OF NATURE, DETERIORATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT, AND PROGRESSIVE DESTRUCTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENERGY SOURCES. BASED ON THE FUNCTION AND CAPACITY OF ADAPTATION OF MAN THROUGH HIS EVOLUTION IN HISTORY, BASIC BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES ARE GIVEN FOR THE ORGANIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-CONTROL OF FUTURE URBAN COMMUNITIES. FOR THE COVERING ABSTRACT, SEE IRRD ABSTRACT NO 106219.


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Question: Implementation and Transmission Error Handling of Multi-channel LVDS

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Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) evolves over the last decade to meet specific requirements such as Bus LVDS and Multipoint LVDS. This paper first presents a method to implement the multi-channel LVDS in the parallel RapidIO protocol using CPLD device and VHDL language, followed by a detailed discussion of the data line transmission error generated during the process of high-speed data transportation due to clock-data skew and difference between transmission lines. A logical component, 4-bit-channel aligner, is developed and simulated to solve this sort of transmission error. Finally, an evaluation board of RapidIO protocol is developed to evaluate the correctness of multi-channel LVDS data transmission. Some experiments show that the multi-channel LVDS is simple and strong anti-interference.

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These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Method and device for fetching new words and input method system

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This invention discloses one method to get new words, which comprises the following steps: getting user words during input process; comparing selected word and current words to get user personal words; collecting each user personal words; getting new words accordingly. The method of generating word base, which comprises the following steps: collecting each user input information composed of user input words and user words frequency; weighting and repairing each user words and computing each word accumulation set; generating word base including words and relative accumulative words.

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The present disclosure relates to a system (10) which may include a memory for storing instructions and workplace data executable on a computer. Plant data may include customer data representing information to document the service provided to each customer by a particular business provider. Accessing this memory, it is possible to configure the processor to perform instructions executable on a computer. These instructions, based on the customer's problem, which is documented by the provider in the customer data may include an analysis engine (16) for calculating the descriptive statistics on the services provided by one or more persons provider. Output control unit (48) are possible making the output descriptive statistics.


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Question: THE EFFECTS OF MUTUAL FUNDS ON M&A COMPENSATION

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Motivated by shareholdersâ€™ interest in combating executive wealth expropriation through the merger and acqusition (M&A) process, we study how mutual funds influence firm behavior around an acquisition through votes against management proposals. We find that mutual funds reduce the chief executive officer's ability to extract rents during the M&A process by voting against managementâ€ sponsored compensation proposals after the acquisition, thus lowering both excess compensation and increasing payâ€ forâ€ performance sensitivity. Furthermore, mutual fund voting magnifies the impact on negatively performing firms and firms with a larger amount of the mutual fund's holdings in the firm.

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CRITICISM OF ADOPTING A SPECIALIZED UNIT APPROACH RATHER THAN INTEGRATING APPROACH INTO ENTIRE DEPARTMENT.


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Question: Timing - small step for developers, giant leap for the media industry

Timing is a fundamental property of media experiences. In particular, multi-device scenarios require a shared timing to provide engaging, coherent services to users. Trends are also that people have multiple devices available, and that they do not limit the usage to one device at a time. The industry caters to these developments in a variety of ways, often using expensive, custom solutions to limited areas or targeting short term issues that lock down users to particular devices and services. This paper discusses some existing solutions, and indicates how they could benefit from shared timing, as provided by the suggested HTML Timing Object and online Shared Motions..

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Subtitle: It is not just in the private transport or corporate spheres where this new breed of aircraft will excel.


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Question: Responses of Queen Honeybees to Open and Closed Passageways

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SummaryLaying queens were tested in glass Y-tubes with one branch open and the other closed, under low intensity red light. In 360 comparable trials using 9 queens, 71% of the choices were for the open branch and 29% for the closed one, significantly different from a random distribution.

Introduction Overview, R.R. Hoffman and A.B. Markman Angels of Regard: Psychology Meets Technology in the Perception and Interpretation of Non-literal Imagery, R.R. Hoffman and A.B. Markman The Communication of Topographic Perspectives and Forms Human Factors in the Interpretation of Physiology by Symbolic and Numerical Representations within an Expert System, D.P. Argialas and G. Ch. Miliaresis Scenes into Numbers: Facing the Subjective in Landform Quantification, R.J. Pike Seeing the Invisible On the Psychophysics of Night Vision Goggles, W.R. Uttal and R.W. Gibb Human Perception of Sensor-Fused Imagery, E.A. Essock Seeing the Dynamics Components of Expertise in the Perception and Interpretation of Meteorlogical Charts, R.L. Lowe The Role of Remote Sensing Displays in Planetary Atmospheric Research, A.D. Del Genio The Skilled Interpretation of Weather Satellite Images: Learning to See Patterns and Not Just Cues, H.M. Mogil


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Question: Differential d.c. conductance of a p-n-junction space-charge region

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E.g. ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'ABSTRACTDysfunctions of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-regulated cell migration and invasion have been involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE). However, the role of circRNAs in ...'] == ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'CircTRNC18 inhibits trophoblast cell migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by regulating miR-762/Grhl2 pathway in pre-eclampsia']

It is shown that the differential d.c. conductance under reverse bias can be correctly obtained from the lumped approximation of the small-signal distributed-transmission-line model if the true majority-carrier concentration in the edge region of the space-charge layer is taken into account.

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We discuss the surface photovoltage effect observed in photoemission experiment performed at room (300 K) and low (120 K) temperatures on Si/InP(110) heterojunctions for a thin Si coverage on nand p-doped InP substrates. The theoretical analysis of the surface photovoltage effect has been performed on the basis of thermionic and thermionic-field emission models of transport processes in Schottky barriers.


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Question: Application of Cooperative Learning in Language Learning

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This article studies Cooperative Learning Approach,an innovative and effective teaching theory and strategy in language learning.The paper begins with an introduction to its definition and theories;then it explores its basic elements,strategies and methods;and it concludes with its applcation design in language learning.

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Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Women, Inclusive Finance and the Quality of Life: Evidence from Zambia

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The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal on gender equality seeks to achieve equal rights to economic resources, including financial services. This chapter uses the FinScope surveys of 2015 to investigate the gap between male and female use of formal financial services in Zambia, its predictors and the implications on the quality of life of households, following financial sector reforms in the country. The results show that fewer women use formal financial services compared to men, accounted for by education, location and source of income. Financially included female-headed households enjoy a significantly better quality of life than financially excluded female-headed households. There is, however, no such difference, when financially included female-headed households are compared to financially included male-headed households, evidence that access to and use of finance can reduce gender inequality in wealth.

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: Psychoaesthetics Dolphin Project

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AbstractFour Atlantic Bottlenose dolphins' artwork and body and brush movement were the primary focus of this pilot study. Research was conducted by the author at the Dolphin Research Center, Marathon Shores, Florida, in June 1989. Psychoaesthetics (Robbins, 1989), child art developmental theory (DiLeo, 1970) and Laban movement analysis (North, 1975) were used to consider the dolphins' painting behavior. Personality and individual graphic style of the dolphins were also noted.

Introduction: One Is the Lonelist Number The Civic Catechism Agoraphobia The Rite Stuff The Bawdy Politic Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: Growth Performance of Qinhai Yellow Cattle and Its Crossbreds

Body size and body weight of Qinhai yellow cattle, from birth to 12 month-old, crossbred F\-1 of Simmental×Qinhai yellow cattle, Piedmontese×Qinhai yellow cattle, Limousin×Qinhai yellow cattle were measured. Results showed that growth rate, body weight and body size of crossbred F\-1 of Piedmontese×Qinhai yellow cattle were higher than those of Qinhai yellow cattle, crossbred F\-1 of Simmental×Qinhai yellow cattle and Limousin×Qinhai yellow cattle.

P. Day and M. Strauss, Part I: Summary: J.E. Thorpe, G.A.E. Gall, J.E. Lannan, C.E. Nash, and B. Ballachey, The Need to Manage Fish and Shellfish Genetic Resources. Human Interventions and Genetic Risks. The Conservation of Genetic Resources through Risk Management. Status of Aquatic Genetic Resource Management. References. Appendix. Part II: Management Studies: J.E. Thorpe and L. Stradmeyer, The Atlantic Salmon. D. Hedgecock, The Cupped Oyster. G.W. Wohlfarth, The Common Carp and Chinese Carps. A.E. Eknath, The Nile Tilapia. References. Subject Index.


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Question: A Study on Generation Adequacy Assessment Considering Probabilistic Relation Between System Load and Wind-Power

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This paper presents the wind-power model for generation adequacy assessment. Both wind-power and system load depend on time of a year and show their periodic nature with similar periods. Therefore, the two quantities have some probabilistic relations, and if one of them is given, the other can be decided with some probability. In this paper, the two quantities are quantized by k-means clustering algorithm and related probabilities among the cluster centers are calculated using sequential wind-power and system load data. The proposed model is highly expected to be applied for generation adequacy assessment by Monte-Carlo simulation with state sampling method.

Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: Formation of organic chlorine compounds of low molecular weight in the chloroperoxidase-mediated reaction between chloride and humic material

This paper describes the formation of organic chlorine compounds like chloroform, and chlorinated acetic acids, acetones, pyruvic acids, maleic and fumaric acids, acetonitriles and acetamides in the chloroperoxidase-mediated reaction between chloride and humic material Chemical chlorination may also occur to a small extent, because hydrogen peroxide may give rise to active chlorine. Since soil contains all the necessary precursors, enzymatic chlorination is a plausible mechanism for the formation of organic chlorine compounds in the terrestrial environment.

Oxidation of cyclohexanone to ɛ-caprolactone with stable industrially manufactured hydrogen peroxide derivatives: adduct with urea (urea hydrogen peroxide), sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate (Persol), magnesium monoperphthalate (Dismozon) was studied. Oxidation with urea hydrogen peroxide is the most efficient in hexafluoroisopropanol in the case of preliminary removal of urea in the form of an oxalate. Oxidation with sodium perborate and percarbonate provides high yields in trifluoroacetic acid. The lowest cost process consists in interaction with sodium monoperphthalate (Persol and phthalic anhydride) in an aqueous medium.


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Question: Contrast sensitivity in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca before and after artificial tear application

Poor stability of the precorneal tear film causes dry eye symptoms and has detrimental effects on the optical function of the eye. In 50 patients with dry eyes the local instillation of artificial tears significantly improved contrast sensitivity (P < 0.001), using the Vision Contrast Test System 6500. In the untreated eyes no significant changes were found to occur (P = 0.56).

Atopic dermatitis is a heritable, allergic inflammatory reaction characterized by dry and itching skin. Ocular complications of atopic dermatitis include cataract, blepharitis, keratoconjunctivitis, keratoconus, iritis, and retinal detachment. We report a case of atopic dermatitis associated with retinal detachment in a 17 years old female who presented with sudden onset vision blurring and floaters in the left eye. Fundus examination revealed a temporal shallow retinal detachment caused by a large temporal 120-degree oral dialysis. Bilateral anterior chamber reaction and complicated cataract were also noted. The retina was successfully reattached with encircling scleral buckle. The patient subsequently received lens aspiration and posterior chamber lens implantation in both eyes. Her visual acuity was 1.2 in the right eye and 1.5 in the left eye after a one year follow-up. Management of this case and a review of the uncommon association between retinal detachment and atopic dermatitis are discussed.


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Question: Effect of one step root canal therapy by Pro Taper nickel-titanium file

To observe the effect of one step root canal therapy(RCT) by Protaper nickel-titanium file under local anesthesia by articaine.Two hundred anterior teeth and premolar teeth suffered from endodontitis were selected.All the teeth's root canals were prepared with Step back technique,and RCT was performed in one step by Protaper nickel-titanium file.Then all the canal obturation were made by gutta percha point and Cortisomol oxpara.All the therapies were under local anesthesia by articaine.All the patient's pain reaction were observed in one day,7 days and 14 days after therapies respectively.Four percent patient suffered pain reaction in one day after therapies and 0.5 percent patient had the same symptom 7 days after therapies.14 days after therapies no pain reaction was observed in all patient.It was a recommended therapy method to do one step RCT by Protaper nickel-titanium file under local anesthesia by articaine.

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For good endodontic obturation, a canal system that has been cleaned and shaped in all its dimensions is necessary. However, once this has been accomplished, the complete seal of the root canal system is an essential component in assuring longterm clinical success as it is this seal that maintains the barrier between the oral environment and the periradicular tissues. The essentials of an excellent barriComparative study on the apical sealing ability according to the obturation techniques


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Question: A Talk about the Division of Opera Culture Tourism of South Shanxi

Shanxi possesses rich opera cultural heritage with profound containing.It must complement each other if we bring the cultural relic sites and the stories of local operas into tourist cultural landscapes.Shanxi has four famous landscape areas of opera cultural relic sites.They are:the mural area of Yuan Dynasty operas in Guangsheng Temple of Hongtong County;the drama stage area in the Ancient God Temple of Linfen City;the area of the Jin tomb drama brick figurines and the disobedience tombs in Houma City;the area of Pujiu Temple in Yongji City.

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An Online Catalog for the Exhibit at Brooklyn College Description of Federal Art Project with a painting gallery


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Question: Hybrid wireless wide area, and wireless local area network discovery and operation of the

The technique for setting up a device-to-device (D2D) communication channel is started between the mobile wireless device. This technique, the method comprising: identifying a first user equipment and second user equipment to the proximate position; Receiving third generation partnership project (3GPP) network, the secondary-up detected information from the packet core (EPC) evolution operating on a wireless wide area network (WWAN) in one of the UE 1 and the UE 2; And received from the EPC network on the basis of the secondary-up detected information includes a first UE 1 and a second step of setting up a device-to-device (D2D) communication between the UE 2.

In the IPv4 wireless network, the quality of the communications between the wearable computers or the mobile nodes is slow and the wearable computers cannot achieve in the sub-seamless switching between LANs. According to the three function entities of mobile IPv6 the protocol stack software is divided into three major modules, and proposed design program and the division of sub-module based on the wireless net which is consist of wearable computers.


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Question: Scheduling with queue length guarantees for shared resource systems

We develop a class of schemes called GMWM that guarantee optimal throughput for queuing systems with arbitrary constraints on the set of jobs that can be served simultaneously. We obtain an analytical upper bound on the expected queue length. To further tighten the upper bound, we formulate it as a convex optimization problem. We also show that whenever the arrival process is stabilizable, the scheme is guaranteed to achieve an expected queue length that is no larger than the expected queue length of any stationary randomized policy.

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Multiprocessor system models at present are very important and widely used in modelling transaction processing systems, communication networks, mobile networks, and flexible machine shops with groups of machines. Heterogeneous processors system with one main server and several identical servers are studied. In this paper, reconfiguration and rebooting delays are considered to study the performance measures for both bounded and unbounded system. Numerical results are presented for various performability parameters.


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Question: Impacts and Benefits of APT: An APT Operator's Perspective

The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of the impacts and benefits of accelerated pavement testing (APT) from the point of view of an APT operator, based on personal observation of the California APT program and other programs. APT was not the only factor in obtaining the benefits of pavement research and this paper also seeks to define the unique roles that APT played in obtaining those benefits, and identify those roles in the work summarized. The paper also discusses the benefits obtained from collaboration between APT and other investigatory techniques, and between APT programs. Lastly, this paper identifies limitations of APT that, in the author's opinion, can be addressed by collaboration between the 2 primary types of APT, fixed devices and test tracks, and with construction and long-term monitoring of field test sections.

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The World of VOC Company and Customer Focus Collecting VOC Interpretation and Translation of VOC Structuring Customer Data Quantifying Structured VOC VOC Integration Deploying VOC Tracking VOC into the Future The VOC System-A Seasoned Perspective Appendix A: VOC Forms Appendix B: Kano Collection and Interpretation Method Appendix C: Customer Oriented Product Concepting (COPC) Appendix D: VOC Example (3-hole punch) Appendix E: Bibliography, Quality Function Development


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Question: A cost effective expert system to assist physicians: epileptologists' assistant.

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Abstract ::: While medical expert systems helped demonstrate that artificial intelligence was possible, few medical systems have been heralded as practical successes. We believe that expert systems will be practical successes if they cost effectively handle most of a physician's workload (i.e., routine care). To accomplish this goal, technology must appear invisible to the user; the system must be intuitive and anticipate users' needs. "Epileptologists' Assistant" is an example of our approach of combining a graphical user interface with an expert system and data base in a system to help in a routine specialty clinic. The goal is for two nurses and a physician to handle the workload of three physicians while increasing the quality of care. The current system reduces physician time by 66%. Our ultimate goal is to create a unified family of systems for medical specialties.

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This poster will demonstrate how we build up the module of Bayesian Coronary Artery Disease Predicting Evidence-Based Medicine. The system-module may help the young professional understand the effect of factors for referring patients to take the invasive examination of Angiographic. Moreover, the non-invasive information-tech also can perform as the screening tool on a clinical or a community-based epidemiology.


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Question: Research into Financing Efficiency in our Stock Market

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The analysis of the financing efficiency in our stock market by means of gradual regression shows the cost of stock right financing demonstrates obvious due direction.The basic reason lies in the nonstandard behavior in stock market and the inseparable relation between government and enterprises,etc.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: A Study on Quality of Work Life of Employees in Textile Industry - Sipcot, Perundurai.

Quality of work life is the quality of the content of relationship between employees and their total working environment with human dimensions added to the usual technical and economic ones. Quality of work life involves job security, good working conditions, adequate and fair compensation and equal employment opportunity all together. QWL aims at to meet the twin goals of enchanced effectiveness of organization and improved quality of life at work for employees. The study focused on the factor influences QWL of employees, level of satisfaction of employees on present level of QWL and the influence of QWL. 50 employees of textile units of equal capacity have taken as samples. Motivational insights are the important factor that influences the QWL of employees and their life. Higher compensation has been prime expectation of the employees to improve their life. QWL of employees had an influence on the employees' productivity.

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Conceptualising Corporate Capitalism in Contemporary South Asia: Conventional Wisdoms and South Asian Realities A.Mukherjee Reed The Political Economy of Pro-Market Reforms in Bangladesh F.Quadir Liberalization, Corporate Ownership and Economic Performance: The Indian Experience J.Sarkar & S.Sarkar The Politics of Accumulation in Small Town India E.Basile & B.Harriss-White Capitalist Maturity and Corporate Responses to Liberalization: the Steel, Auto and Software Sectors in India A.P.D'Costa State and Capital in Pakistan: The Changing Politics of Accumulation A.Cheema Corporate Capital in Contemporary Sri Lanka D.Embuldeniya


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Question: Preparation of MoO3/TiO2 Catalysts with Eggshell and Uniform Mo Distribution by Water-Assisted Spreading of MoO3

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MoO 3 /TiO 2 catalysts were prepared by reaction of TiO 2 extrudates (140 m 2 g -1 ) with a MoO 3 /H 2 O slurry. The adsorption of molybdena species was strong; sharp, deep eggshell profiles of the Mo concentration were obtained. The hydrodesulfurization activity of saturated catalysts with a uniform Mo distribution (about 10 wt.% MoO 3 ) was at least the same as that of a sample prepared by conventional impregnation.

Characterization of Linear Poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) and Cloud Points in its Aqueous Solutions


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Question: Total synthesis of the novel seco-prezizaane sesquiterpenoid (+)-1S-minwanenone

The first total synthesis of (+)-1S-minwanenone, an archetypical seco-prezizaane sesquiterpene, has been accomplished from a readily available chiral endo-tricyclic synthon following a flexible strategy.

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Background/Aims: The effect of four secondary metabolites isolated from sponge Spongionella , gracilins H, A, L and tetrahydroaplysulphurin-1 on


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Question: Ultrastructural Organization of a Novel Halotolerant Strain Kocuria sp. ICIS A2.2 (Actinobacteria) after a Change of Carbon Source

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The provided query could be "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'A semiconductor package manufacturing method thereof. The semiconductor package includes a substrate, a ground layer, a chip, the package and the shielding layer. A substrate having an outer side surface and the bottom surface. The embedded ground plane and the substrate is exposed and extends laterally from the outer side of the substrate. Chip is disposed on the substrate. Covering the chip and the package having an outer side surface. Shield covers the outer sides of the package, the outer side of the substrate and the ground layer is exposed, wherein the bottom surface of the bottom shield layer and the substrate surface spacing.']" and the positive "['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'The semiconductor package manufacturing method thereof']"

Morphological and physiological properties, the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene, and the ultrastructure of a novel halotolerant hydrocarbon oxidizing bacterium Kocuria sp. (strain ICIS A2.2) isolated from the association with the ciliate Cyclidium sp. have been characterized. Morphological and ultrastructural changes have been revealed in cells of the studied strain while growing in a media with different carbon sources (sucrose or diesel fuel). At the cellular level, the enlargement of the cells, changes in their shape, and the formation of aggregates occur. At the subcellular level, both the number and size of cytoplasmic membrane bodies increase and electron-transparent inclusions appear. These changes may be considered a result of adaptation to a medium containing hydrocarbons.

ii Acknowledgements iv List of Tables vii List of Figures viii Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 Nitrogenase Function & Structure 5 Chapter 2: Methods of Nitrogenase Purification and Quantification 2.1 Target Gene Amplification 7 2.2 Cloning 7 2.3 Transformation into Expression Host and Induction 8 2.4 Protein Purification 9 2.5 Derivation of the Standard 9 2.6 Growth of Trichodesmium Cultures 10 2.7 Sampling over a Diel Cycle 10 2.8 Trichodesmium IMS 101 Protein Quantification 11 2.9 Photochemical Quantum Yield (Fv/Fm) 11 2.10 C:N Analysis 12 Chapter 3: Quantifying Nitrogenase and the Iron Bound in Nitrogenase


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Question: A Method of the Construction of SLR(1) Analyzer for Grammar with Ambiguity

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Grammar with ambiguity can be confronted frequently.In this article,a method of constructing SLR(1) analyzer for grammar with ambiguity is introduced and the syntax parsing process of SLR(1) analyzer is analyzed by example.

1. Spatially Mobilized Plane (SMP) and SMP Criterion 2. Introduction to Cam-Clay Model 3. The Cam-Clay Model Revised by the SMP Criterion 4. Elastoplastic Constitutive Models for Geomaterials using Transformed Stress 5. Concluding Remarks


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Question: Method for the preparation of propargyl alcohol.

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A process for preparing propargyl alcohol by converting an aqueous formaldehyde solution containing acetylene over a catalyst comprising copper acetylide at an operating pressure of 1 to 15 bar and from 70 to 120 ° C without a gaseous phase is formed continuous wherein the aqueous formaldehyde solution contains tetrahydrofuran as organic solvent for acetylene and the catalyst is arranged in a fluidized bed.

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This lecture will report how microwave technology has been used to improve the synthesis of some key organic compounds for preparation of biological significant molecules. N Cl Scheme 3. The interest in this synthesis resides in the presence of the 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridin-4-one ring in several pharmaceuticals as alkaloid ring systems (3), azasugar (4) and others. IV. Synthesis of NH-3-phenylsulfanyl-azetidinones from 1-phenylsulfanyl-3-aza-1,3-dienes.


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Question: It's time to rethink dose: the case for combining cancer and birth and developmental defects.

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Toxicology, literally the scientific study of poisons, is a descriptiveand experimental science that details the biological consequences ofexposures to toxicants. The dose makes the poison—so goes the oft-repeated observation of the 16th-century progenitor of modernpharmacology, Theophrastus Paracelsus. Over the past three decades a growing number of

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The background to Forrest the medical background to breast cancer rationalist theories of explanation a feminist model of explanation a feminist model applied. Appendices: edited conclusions and recommendations of the Forest Committee brief biographical information on Forrest Committee members table of clinical trials of breast cancer screening risk factors for breast cancer table of UK committees and trials of breast cancer screening.


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Question: Pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of terbutaline after repeated oral dosing with racemic terbutaline.

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Terbutaline is a β2-agonist and administered as the racemic mixture. The pharmacokinetics of the separate enantiomers differ with respect to degree of absorption and clearance. In the present study, repeated doses of racemic terbutaline were given to six healthy volunteers. Plasma was analyzed for the concentrations of the two enantiomers. The observed plasma concentrations at steady state differed from those predicted from the values observed after single dose administration of the separate enantiomers. The difference between the observed and predicted values can be tentatively explained by a combined influence of (−)-terbutaline on the absorption of (+)-terbutaline and the influence of (+)-terbutaline on the elimination of (−)-terbutaline. The results have implications for the interpretation of effect/concentration studies with terbutaline, but do not affect the doses used in clinical practice.

Abstract A high-performance liquid chromatography method is described for the simultaneous analysis of meperidine and normeperidine in serum and urine. A 1-ml sample aliquot is extracted into hexane, then back-extracted into a small volume of dilute acid which is injected onto a cyanopropyl analytical column. Absorbance of the column effluent is monitored at 205 nm. Two internal standards are employed, diphenhydramine for meperidine and nordiphenhydramine for normeperidine. Chromatography of the four compounds takes 4 min. Serum concentration-time curves of meperidine and normeperidine are presented for eight healthy subjects following single 70-mg bolus injections of meperidine.


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Question: k-tree core problem with degree constraint in tree network

According to background of actual application,the processing ability of each equipment is limited generally in the computer and correspondence networks.The article puts forward the k-tree core problem with degree constraint in a tree network,denoted as q-DTC (k)(Degree constrained Tree Core).With the method of dynamic programming,adopting optimizing principle,it finds out local rooted cores.Then making use of greedy idea,the branch of node which is dissatisfied with degree constraint must be deleted.It takes O(kn) and O(max{n log n,kn}) time algorithm for unweighted tree and weighted tree.

The article is about using margin in a certain interval of function to repl ace univalent reciproced to generalize median principle of Larg range principle.


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Question: 12-Tungstophosphates I-mmobilized on Chemically Modified Mesoporous Silica SBA-15

A functionalized material, PW/SBA-15m, was prepared successfully in diluted H2SO4 aqueous solutions by immobilizing 12-tungstophosphates on chemically modified mesoporous silica SBA-15 and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, 31P MAS NMR, XRD and TEM. The results indicate that the framework of SBA-15 and the Keggin structure of PW12O3-40 were retained, and that 23%-33%(mass fraction) of PW12O3-40 was immobilized; the PW12O3-40 anions were finely dispersed on the pore wall of SBA-15. Having been leached in ethanol at 60 ℃ for 7 h, the loss of PW12O3-40 anions was not found.


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Question: Antenna charging effects on the electrical characteristics of polysilicon gate during electron cyclotron resonance etching

The nonuniformity of the induced leakage current in metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitors has been investigated in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) system. For plasma-etched MOS capacitors with 5-nm-thick oxides, it is found that the leakage currents induced by plasma etching increase with increasing overetching time. However, additional E bd (breakdown field) degradation is not obvious as overetching percentage increases from 10% to 50%. A mechanism based on the antenna charging effect has been proposed to explain the E bd electrical characteristics. In accordance with the mechanism, the E bd degradation has been significantly reduced by first etching off a narrow peripheral edge around the gate pattern.

The use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize thin silicon films formed by laser recrystallization using different capping layers, thin silicon films formed by plasma deposition, and thin films of tungsten silicide formed by rapid thermal annealing is reported.


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Question: Future prospects for muon facilities

The motivation, prospects, and R and D plans for future high-intensity muon facilities are described, with an emphasis on neutrino factories. The additional R and D needed for muon colliders is also considered.

Recent developments in computing for design of vacuum electronic devices will be reviewed.


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Question: B2B Website constraints, evaluation, and benefits in small and medium sized enterprises

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The issues of constraints, evaluation, and actual realization of benefits from investments in B2B website have generated a lot of attention in the information systems management literature among researchers and practitioners in recent years. This research builds on a survey that assessed the websites of small businesses in Australia from an owner’s perspective to determine the benefits of the websites from the owners’ perspective. The objective of this paper is to examine the relationships between B2B website adoption constraints, IT investment evaluation, and B2B website benefits. A key contribution of the paper is that B2B website adoption constraints is negatively related to the level of IT investment evaluation which in turn has a positive impact on the realization of B2B website benefits.

Importance of emerging markets, differentiated products and priority to managing hotel facilities abroad without any need for real estate investment.


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Question: Information, Market Power and Price Volatility

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We consider demand function competition with a i¬ nite number of agents and private information. We show that any degree of market power can arise in the unique equilibrium under an information structure that is arbitrarily close to complete information. In particular, regardless of the number of agents and the correlation of payoi¬€ shocks, market power may be arbitrarily close to zero (so we obtain the competitive outcome) or arbitrarily large (so there is no trade in equilibrium). By contrast, price volatility is always less than the variance of the aggregate shock across all information structures.

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The Economics of Residential Property Theoretical Building Blocks for the Analysis of Housing Markets Housing and the Wider Economy in the Short and Long Run House Price Shocks and Consumption with Forward Looking Households Housing Wealth, Bequests and Financial Liberalization in the Major Economies The Theory of Economies in Transition Assessing the Impact of Financial Liberalization and Income Shocks on Consumption Evidence from Aggregate Data Consumption, Human Capital and Housing Wealth Evidence from Household Data Financial Liberalization and the Design of Mortgage Contracts Policy Issues.


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Question: Alternative Artificial Vein Graft Biomaterials

Current artificial vein grafts for long-term dialysis and bypass surgeries suffer from atherosclerosis and restenosis, and they tend to thrombose after initial patient recovery. The alternative materials, coatings, and polymer interfaces being explored in stents may be useful in graft applications, increasing both the quantity and quality of the patient’s life. To better comprehend the clinical standards and developing alternatives, I collected previously identified physical and chemical venous properties, as well as the corresponding synthetic materials that would support them. I compiled studies of primary and secondary endpoints (such as death, myocardial infarction, thrombosis, and target-lesion revascularization) in various graft materials, polymer coatings, and drugs to gauge efficacy. Based on my findings, I suggest that everolimus coatings linked to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts by poly(n-butyl methcrylate) (PBM) should be subjected to further clinical research and in-vivo trials.

Biomaterials * Optical Components * Construction Materials * Nuclear Waste Containment * Ceramic Superconductors * Archeologically Significant Articles.


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Question: A New Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic Systems

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In this paper a new maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic arrays is proposed. The algorithm detects the maximum power point of the PV. The computed maximum power is used as a reference value (set point) of the control system. ON/OFF power controller with hysteresis band is used to control the operation of a Buck chopper such that the PV module always operates at its maximum power computed from the MPPT algorithm. The major difference between the proposed algorithm and other techniques is that the proposed algorithm is used to control directly the power drawn from the PV. The proposed MPPT has several advantages: simplicity, high convergence speed, and independent on PV array characteristics. The algorithm is tested under various operating conditions. The obtained results have proven that the MPP is tracked even under sudden change of irradiation level. Keywords—Photovoltaic, maximum power point tracking, MPPT.

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: Symmetric Atrophy of Bilateral Distal Upper Extremities and HyperIgEaemia in a Male Adolescent With Hirayama Disease

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Hirayama disease is a rare neuromuscular disorder with peak age of onset at 15 to 17 years among young males. We report a male adolescent presenting with symmetric weakness and atrophy of bilateral upper extremities progressing for 2 years before stabilizing. Otherwise, he did not complain of any sensory disturbance. Electrophysiological findings revealed motor neuron damage at the C7-T1 spinal segments. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high-signal mass of posterior dural sac at the C5-T5 vertebral level during neck flexion. Specifically, he had elevated serum total immunoglobulin E level, which had been postulated to be a precipitating factor in Hirayama disease. Early recognition and intervention of this unique neuromuscular disorder is important to avoid ongoing damage to motor neurons. Through this report, we would like to emphasize the crucial role of a pediatric neurologist in averting the progression of Hirayama disease at an early stage.

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Management of Bleeding Using Recombinant Factor VIIa in a Patient Suffering from Bleeding Tendency due to a Lupus Anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia Syndrome -


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Question: Advanced GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge triple junction space solar cells

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A programme for the development of advanced triple-junction space solar cells in Europe was initiated and supported by ESA and DLR. RWE Space Solar Power (D) has been leading a research and development consortium including UMICORE (B), CESI (I) with ENE (B), University of Paris (F), FhG-ISE (D) and Astrium (D). This paper presents results of the phase 2 work of this programme, in which triple junction solar cells with AMO-efficiencies of 27% have been realized. Additionally, the pre-development of the next generation of space solar cells with efficiencies above 30% is described.

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Given ['', "Although nicotine activation of dopamine release is implicated in addiction, it also desensitizes nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), leading to a prolonged depression of evoked dopamine release. Here we show that nicotine's effects depend on the firing pattern of dopamine neurons, so that while desensitization of nAChRs indeed curbs dopamine released by stimuli emulating tonic firing, it allows a rapid rise in dopamine from stimuli emulating phasic firing patterns associated with incentive/salience paradigms. Nicotine may thus enhance the contrast of dopamine signals associated with behavioral cues."], a positive would be ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Frequency-dependent modulation of dopamine release by nicotine']

We propose the novel material, GaAsSb, as the active layer for highly reliable operations of 980nm LDs. The GaAsSb-QW LDs show higher COD level and longer lifetime in a preliminary APC test than InGaAs-QW LDs.


Question: Examination of physical property degradation due to severe short-term ageing and effect of hydrated lime as antioxidant in asphalt mixture

If the short-term ageing (SA) level of asphalt mixture is intense before paving, the pavement service life will be reduced due to the highly stiffened binder from the starting time of service. Howe...

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Water could transport aggressive substances such as carbon-dioxide, sulfates and chloride ions in reinforced concrete structures. By penetration, the stability of the whole structure is influenced. This paper deals about waterproof effect and chloride resistance of two kinds of silane coatings, polyethylene-triethoxysilane and triethoxysilane emulsions on concrete substrate along with the mechanism of the hydrophobic action. The results, in terms of visual observations, chloride test and water absorption test, showed that the two silane coatings could reduce the chloride penetration and the water absorption efficiently. The comparison between the two indicates that polyethylene-triethoxysilane penetrates little when applied on the substrate, but it performs better waterproof effect and is more efficient to chloride penetration.


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Question: Synchronous duty cycle correction circuit

A duty cycle correction (DCC) circuit with deterministic clock insertion delay is presented. To neutralize the ambiguity of the DCC circuit insertion delay induced by the wide range of input clock duty cycle, a signal differentiating circuit at the input of the circuit is used which narrows the input duty cycle range to the circuit core. We achieved deterministic delay between rising edges of the input and output clock signals, defined as four inverting stages only, that allowed successful integration of the circuit into the custom clock tree structure in a system-on-chip, keeping the same clock delay for all its branches: having corrected and not corrected duty cycle.

This work demonstrate algorithm invented for software realization at Windows PC, and demonstrate principles of E1 stream synchronization handling particular for fractional E1 to.