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Question: Disseminated intravascular coagulation.

The diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with intracranial pathology is discussed. This pathological entity is characterized by a diffuse bleeding diathesis. Laboratory studies suggest a consumption of all clotting and fibrinolytic factors with an elevation of fibrin split products as a sign of the fibrinolytic activity. The treatment consists of the administration of packed platelets and fresh frozen plasma to replace the consumed coagulation factors. Heparinization is recommended early to prevent further consumption of coagulation factors and epsilon-aminocaproic acid is recommended later after acute fibrinolysis is diagnosed. Constant coaguloanalytic monitoring is necessary. Although the etiology with massive injury to brain tissue is possibly secondary to autotransfusion of brain tissue thromboplastin, other causes such as hypotension, anoxia, acidosis and hemolysis must be considered.

Described here is an autopsy case of a 30-year-old woman with systemic hemangiomatosis accompanied by coagulopathy and mlcroanpiopathfc hemoly-tic anemia. She had hepato-splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplaetin time, and fibrinogenopenia. A splenectomy was performed and a diffuse angioma of the spleen was found. Postmortem examination revealed cavernous hemanguomas and hemangioendotheliomatous lesions in the liver, bone marrow, inteetine, and lymph nodes. Coagulation studies suggested that exacerbation of coagulopathy occurred due to Liniac (10MV X-ray) irradiation. Our observation raised the possibility that the irradiation might lead to chronic localized consumption coagulopathy, which was confined to the hemangioma, to acute disseminated types of intravascular coagulation.


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Question: Developmental and morphological studies in Japanese medaka with ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography.

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We propose ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography to study the morphological development of internal organs in medaka fish in the post-embryonic stages at micrometer resolution. Different stages of Japanese medaka were imaged after hatching in vivo with an axial resolution of 2.8 µm in tissue. Various morphological structures and organs identified in the OCT images were then compared with the histology. Due to the medaka's close resemblance to vertebrates, including humans, these morphological features play an important role in morphogenesis and can be used to study diseases that also occur in humans.

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Purpose:To evaluate the effect of topical antiglaucomatous medications on central corneal epithelial thickness measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.Materials and methods:A tota...


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Question: Disclosable Restructuring Paper - Belarus Biomass District Heating Project - P146194

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The development objective of the Biomass District Heating Project for Belarus is to scale up the efficient use of renewable biomass in heat and electricity generation in selected towns of Belarus.This second level restructuring is proposed so as to properly reflect changes in the implementation results due to the increased number of biomass district heating installations. Other reasons for the restructuring include corrections of two intermediate results indicators due to (i) improved understanding of the market conditions for adopting energy content-based pricing for wood biomass; and (ii) changed policy environment for removing heat tariff subsidies. It is expected that tendering for the first additional sites will start in March – April 2018, and for the rest of sites before end-July 2018. If all tendering procedures go well without unexpected delays, all additional contracts should be signed by October 2018, which would enable the contracts’ completion by the current loan closing date, December 31, 2019.

Loan Agreement (Low-Carbon Development Policy Loan) between the United Mexican States and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (with schedules, appendix and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development General Conditions for Loans, dated 31 July 2010). Cancun, 8 December 2010


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Question: Study on the Process of the Fibre Composite AgNi Wire

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Introduced a process to gain AgNi wires with fibre structure. The methods of the special plastic working and the fibre strengthening have been adopted in this process, which are useful to improve the AgNi wires' physical performances .The result shows the AgNi wires made by this process are much better than those traditional ones and also become a better material to replace the cadmium contained material in the small current class electrical appliances .

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Abstract : Partial Contents: A Microcomposite Test Procedure for Evaluating the Constituent Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites; Design, Analysis and Application of an Improved Push-Through Test for the Measurement of Interface Properties in Composites; Fiber Bundle Push-Out: A Technique for the Measurement of Interfacial Sliding Properties; Mechanics of the Fiber Pushout Test; Effects of Fiber Roughness on Interface Sliding in Composites; Fiber Coating Concepts for Brittle Matrix Composites; Preliminary Assessment of Mica as High- Temperature Fiber Coating for SiC Composites; Models for Metal/Ceramic Interface Fracture; Mode II Fracture Toughness of a Brittle Adhesive Layer; and Cracking of Thin Bonded Films in Residual Tension


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Question: On Shaping up Mechanism of the Counterfeit and Shoddy Products and Its Comprehensive Treatment in Economic Transition of China

There exists national action of crocking down the Imitation and Counterfeit every year in our country. But the Imitation and Counterfeit is still rampant. The deep reason is that price cannot reflect the product quality. Only if price depends on market and un-market factors rather than product quality, high price could induce the act of Imitation and Counterfeit. The imitation and counterfeit can reduce the market demand, because of asymmetric information, defaults of property right and regional protectionism, its effect is counteracted by promoting action of high interest to imitation and counterfeit. Improvement and rectification of the Imitation and Counterfeit should take the universal measures of preferring rules, stabilizing prediction, adjusting structure and standardizing enterprise's behavior, etc.

Introduction: What Is the Challenge? Does China Have an "Infinite" World Market Frontier? Is China Able to Innovate? Is China Capable to Innovate? Can the Chinese Government Accommodate Innovation? Beyond the Last Frontier: Can Global Capitalism be Saved? Conclusions Bibliography Index


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Question: Three approaches to the evaluation of knowledge

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What follows is a byproduct of a larger work in progress that tries to show the benefits of a ‘thought-oriented’ linguistics, in contrast to the traditional ‘sound-oriented’ approach (Chafe, in press). It seems obvious that language begins with thoughts in the mind of a speaker and ends with some facsimile of those thoughts in the mind of a listener. Sounds make this communication possible, but they are not the driving force behind the structure that language takes. Because sounds are accessible to public observation and thoughts are not, linguistics has always tilted toward the sounds. I believe, however, that much becomes clearer if thoughts are given the attention they deserve. Among other things, thoughts offer a target for triangulation from multiple perspectives. A compelling illustration is the special attention language gives to number marking (singular, dual, plural, etc.), which can be more fully understood in the context of ‘subitizing’, studied by psychologists as the special way the mind proc...

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Several points based on my own experience over the last two years are submitted here with regard to two subjects: the scientific approach in geography and a note on the spatial dimension of politics and power.


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Question: The Motivation of the Yao Family of the Qiang Ethnic Group before the Founding of the Post-Qin Kingdom

Qiang Yao as a branch of "Wuhu" minority which moved into internal territory, from dominating Hehuang area to transfer Guanlong 、 Guandong , and then return to Guanzhong, this movement is much more than just a simple shift on the space coordinates. In fact, this trend makes Yao itself occur within the "quality" changes: military strength, national quality improvement, independent of the awakening of consciousness, etc. All this laid a solid basement for the foundation of HouQin regime, when the "Feishui war" happened.

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Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 1. Chronologies of Ancient China: A Critique of the "Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology" Project Chapter 3 2. The Politics of Imperial Collecting in the Northern Song Period Chapter 4 3. Who is Responsible for the Limits of Jesuit Scientific and Technical Transmission from Europe to China in the Eighteenth Century? Chapter 5 4. Marriages, Births, and Deaths in the Lower Yangzi Valley during the Later Eighteenth Century Chapter 6 5. Why Women Were Not a Problem in Nineteenth-Century Chinese Thought


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Question: [Surgical treatment of atypical location of a clavus on the lower extremity].

Clavus is a very frequent condition of the toes which, despite the fact that it is usually underrated, can complicate the life of its carriers. The authors describe a surgical technique tested in a group of 12 female patients in the course of six years, which became a simple method of choice for the elimination of these complaints.

We report a case of a 61 year old man who had a history of 4 years right leg pain. Clinical and radiological examination and MRI revealed a soft tissue mass in the popliteal fossa. A neurilemoma of the tibial nerve was confirmed after removal of the tumor and histological examination. To our knowledge this is the first case of a neurilemoma located in the tibial nerve reported in the literature.


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Question: The Pacific Oncology Outreach Project: an overview

The Pacific Oncology Outreach Project is a merit-based, DoD-funded project aimed at minimizing the effect of distance on cancer care management through the use of the Internet and telephone. Tripler Army Medical Center, located in Honolulu, HI, USA, is responsible for providing comprehensive, definitive medical care of over 750,000 individuals located throughout Hawaii and the Western Pacific. The vast distances involved in the delivery and support of health care throughout this region prompted the exploration of tele-technology to facilitate this mission. Since piloting this project in 1996, the use of the Internet to conduct tumor boards has expanded to include conducting educational sessions, providing a forum for client support, and pan-Pacific business meetings. All these initiatives have met with overwhelmingly positive support from clients, administrators and health care providers.

This article reviews the evolution of quality assurance and continuous quality improvement (QA/CQI) in ambulatory surgery centers. As an example, The QA/CQI Plan of the Gumenick Ambulatory Care Center is examined in detail.


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Question: Detection of aerosolized biological agents by immunoassay followed by autonomous PCR confirmation

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An Autonomous Pathogen Detection System (APDS) unit is an automated, podium-sized system that monitors the air for all three biological threat agents (bacteria, viruses, and toxins). The system has been developed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy and Department of Homeland Security by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to protect people in critical or high-traffic facilities and at special events. The system performs continuous aerosol collection, sample preparation, and multiplexed biological tests using advanced immunoassays as the primary screen. Over ten agents are assayed at once, and results are reported hourly. RD this is one of the focuses of the upcoming year's work.« less

Aim: An electrochemical urine dipstick probe biosensor has been demonstrated using molybdenum electrodes on nanoporous polyamide substrate for the quantitative detection of two inflammatory protein biomarkers, CRP and IL-6. Materials & methods: The electrode interface was characterized using ζ-potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Detection of biomarkers was demonstrated by measuring impedance changes associated with the dose concentrations of the two biomarkers. A proof of feasibility of point-of-care implementation of the biosensor was demonstrated using a portable electronics platform. Results & conclusion: Limit of detection of 1 pg/ml was achieved for CRP and IL-6 in human urine and synthetic urine buffers. The developed portable hardware demonstrated close correlation with benchtop equipment results.


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Question: 10 Gbit/s optical PSK homodyne transmission experiments using external cavity DFB LDs

10 Gbit/s optical PSK homodyne transmission experiments using a modified decision-driven optical phase locked loop with 1.55 μm external cavity laser diodes were conducted. A receiver sensitivity of −34.2 dBm or 297 photon/bit was experimentally achieved. There was no degradation in receiver sensitivity after signal transmission through 151 km of dispersion shifted fibre.

We demonstrate that CMOS-compatible Si avalanche photodetectors (CMOS-APD) are very useful for microwave photonics applications. CMOS-APDs are fabricated with 0.18 mum standard CMOS technology. Using the CMOS-APD, radio-over-fiber systems for IEEE 802.11a WLAN are realized. In addition, fiber-supported 60 GHz self-heterodyne systems are implemented by utilizing the CMOS-APD as a harmonic optoelectronic mixer.


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Question: Tunneling of quasiparticles in the normal-insulator-superconductor-insulator-normal geometry

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The probability of quasiparticle transmission going through a normal‐insulator‐ superconductor‐insulator‐normal (NISIN) geometry is theoretically calculated using Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations to investigate the feasibility of electron devices utilizing this geometry. This new calculation is able to include a current carried by Cooper pairs by employing hole injections from the outlet which destroy Cooper pairs at the outlet super‐ conductor‐insulator boundary. Resonant tunneling phenomena occur even if the electron kinetic energy is less than the superconducting energy gap and electron tunneling probabilities are greatly modified by the resonance. When the unevenness of the superconductor (S) width thickness is large compared with the electron wavelength in the S layer, the resonance is smeared out in averaged tunneling probabilities. Then the tunneling probabilities can be controlled by the electron kinetic energy. Applications of the NISIN geometry for superconducting transistors are also discussed.

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Quadratic and cubic nonlinear magneto-optical effects are observed in the one-dimensional magneto-photonic microcavities (MC). Magnetization-induced second-harmonic and third-harmonic generations are studied in magneto-photonic MC with microcavity spacer formed from Bi-substituted yttrium-iron garnet.


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Question: Wavefront sheds light on changes after blepharoplasty

Sarasota, FL—Wavefront measurements may be useful in quantifying visual changes after upper blepharoplasty surgery, said William J. Lahners, MD, in private practice with the Center for Sight, Sarasota, FL. Dr. Lahners conducted a small study of this hypothesis in his practice.

Applying ice in a very controlled, specific manner minimizes discomfort of botulinum toxin injections for palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis, an expert says.


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Question: On the Classification and Component Parts of Monopoly

Monopoly denotes such kind of state or behavior that in economical activities, enterprises or other organizations control production and market exclusively by economical or non-economical means, in order to confine and prevent competition. Monopolize theoretically can be divided into legal, illegal, sole and agreement monopoly. Its component parts are: 1) large company, enterprise; 2) behavioral subjects break law subjectively; 3) component parts occupy a large part of market shares in order to get high volume profit; 4) object is market structure of effective competition, the target is the competitor in the same competitive field.

Introduction: The Play of Musement, and the Musement of Play The Dynamics of Play The Pragmatics of Play The Futuristics of Play Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: An efficient design approach for flexible mechanisms

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Abstract In this paper, an efficient approach to design flexible mechanisms is presented. Instead of using only cross-sectional area as design variable, input speed, link length, and material property, can also be simultaneously taken into consideration, and an overall optimal solution can be obtained. A computer program was developed to demonstrate the idea.

The proposed paper aims(by means of simulation) at the systematical design, development and performance evaluation of an appropriate scheme of an artificial neural network (ANN), regarding its type and its architecture, in order to be coded in a muC system and applied to the excitation part of a a synchronous generator workbench system for real time operation.


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Question: Surface and Interface Engineering Multilayered Nanopore Films for Enhanced Fabry–Pérot Interferences

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In this study, a broadly tunable nanoporous thin film system with alternating layers of Ag/indium tin oxide (ITO)/CoFeB/ITO/Ag fabricated on a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) substrate was presented, so as to achieve the flexible tailoring of the Fabry–Perot interference. The experimental results demonstrated that the amplitude of the Fabry–Perot interference of this system, which had only a Ag layer deposited on the AAO substrate, was 12 times higher than that of pure AAO film, aside from the tunable oscillation periods. This was mainly due to the fact that the Ag mirror greatly improved the reflectivity of the air/AAO interface, rendering the intensities of light reflected from the air/AAO and AAO/Al interfaces comparable, thereby forming an effective interference enhancement. Furthermore, the existence of the ferromagnetic CoFeB layer was capable of significantly improving the absorbance in the ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges, and in particularly, the oscillation ranges could be extended to ...

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OAK B204 Novel Glassy Nematic Liquid Crystals for Non-destructive Rewritable Optical Memory and Photonic Switching


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Question: Kaon polarizability in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model at zero and finite temperature

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Using recent data for the decays $f_0 \to \gamma\gamma$, $f_0 \to \pi \pi$, we determine the mixing angle of scalar mesons in a chiral quark $\sigma$-model. This value is employed to analyze of the kaon polarizability. It is shown that pole diagrams from intermediate scalar mesons and their mixing angle significantly affect the electromagnetic polarizability of charged and neutral kaons. Our results are compared with other models and the results of the chiral symmetry limit. The temperature dependence of the kaon polarizabilities is investigated.

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Given ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Furfural is one of the most promising platform chemicals derived from biomass. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to determine four important parameters including reaction temperature (170-210°C), formic acid concentration (5-25 g/L), o-nitrotoluene volume percentage (20-80 vt.%), and residence time (40-200 min). The maximum furfural yield of 74% and selectivity of 86% were achieved at 190°C for 20 g/L formic acid concentration and 75 vt.% o-nitrotoluene by 75 min. The high boiling solvent, o-nitrotoluene, was recommended as extraction solvent in a reactive extraction system to obtain high furfural yield and reduce furfural-solvent separation costs. Although the addition of halides to the xylose solutions enhanced the furfural yield and selectivity, the concentration of halides was not an important factor on the furfural yield and selectivity.'], a positive would be ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Optimization of furfural production from D-xylose with formic acid as catalyst in a reactive extraction system.']

We discuss the in-medium behaviour of the QCD scalar susceptibility and of the sigma mass in a chiral relativistic theory which incorporates the scalar response of the nucleon. We also study the many-body effects in the propagation of the scalar meson in the nuclear medium arising from its coupling to two-pion states. The same modification applies to the QCD scalar susceptibility. We conclude with the nuclear physics implications for the in-medium scalar nucleon-nucleon attraction.


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Question: Pseudorange Differential GPS-Based Relative Navigation for UAV Formation Flight

In pseudorange differential GPS-based relative navigation, two linear models for UAV formation flight are designed, respectively, to simplify system equipment, reduce complexity of algorithm, and most of all weaken the effect of spatial-correlated errors such as satellite ephemeris error, ionosphere delay and troposphere delay. Above errors are analyzed and simulated to verify the feasibility of the method. Moreover, positioning deviation of lead plane is also under consideration in the system without base-station, demonstrating the effect of leader’s deviation on position accuracy for the system. Both theoretical and practical results for the two models conclude that the system without base-station can reach a better precision and is more cost effective.

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Abstract : Contents: Routing and Acknowledgement Schemes for the Packet Radio System; System Capacity and Data Rate Considerations; Radio frequency Channel Capacity Considerations; Measurement Program for Packet Radio Channel Characterization; Dynamically Allocated Multiple-Channel Network Concept; Notes on Radar Test; Modulation Waveform Types; Synchronization Preambles; Impact of Channet Options on Repeater Design; Power Budget Analysis; Powers Sources for Repeaters and Terminals; Criteria of Code Selection in Minimum Shift Keyer Sense; and Microprocessor Components.


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Question: Research on Area-Feature-Based Filter Algorithm for Vehicle Recognition System

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Feature extraction is a central processing in the automatic target recognition system, and noise filter is an important step in the feature extraction. A lot of research in noise filter has been proposed and used in image processing. In this paper, a noise filter algorithm based on area feature for vehicle recognition system is presented. Discussing the feature of vehicle for the recognition system, and the problem of the vehicle contour feature obtained from the traffic video. Analyzing the principle of the solve approach of the area-feature-based noise filter for vehicle recognition system. Implementing the program of the algorithm proposed in the following. Experiments have been conducted by many real vehicle images obtained from a real-time video produced by a monitor. The result shows that the new proposed method can remove the noise of the image signal for the vehicle recognition efficiently.

A. Filippidis, M. Russo, L.C. Jain: Novel Extension of ART2 in Surface Landmine Detection.- M. Blume: An Efficient Mapping of Fuzzy ART onto a Neural Architecture.- M. Blume, D.A. Van Blerkom: Fuzzy ARTMAP Modifications for Intersecting Class Distributions.- A.-H. Tan: Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory and Rules.- G. Bartfai, R. White: Incremental Learning and Optimization of Hierarchical Clusterings with ART-Based Modular Networks.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part I - Architectures and Algorithms.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part II - Applications.- T. Serrano-Gotarredona, B. Linares-Barranco: Adaptive Resonance Theory Microchips.


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Question: The Three Ps of Radicalization: Push, Pull and Personal. A Systematic Scoping Review of the Scientific Evidence about Radicalization Into Violent Extremism

AbstractIn this article, we present the findings of the first systematic scoping review of scientific literature on radicalization into violent extremism since the Al Qaeda attacks on 11 September ...

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: Photoluminescence from RF sputtered SiCBN thin films

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Silicon carbon boron nitride (SiCBN) thin films were synthesized by reactive co-sputtering of silicon carbide (SiC) and boron nitride (BN) targets. As-deposited samples show distinct photoluminescence (PL) peaks at 465, 483 and 497 nm. The films were annealed in dry oxygen ambient at different temperatures to investigate the effect of annealing on film properties. Subsequent measurements on the annealed samples show diminished PL peak intensities. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the as-deposited films are amorphous in nature and there is no change in the microstructure even after high temperature annealing. Surface characterization of the films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals change in chemical composition at different annealing temperatures. Carbon concentrations in the films are sensitive to annealing temperatures and could cause the change in photoluminescence properties.

We demonstrate the microstructure and room-temperature H2 sensing properties of undoped, Pt-doped, and Pd-doped SnO2 nanowires (SNWs). SNWs with a tetragonal structure were synthesized by thermal e...


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Question: Neonatal hyperbilirabinemia clinical research of 168 cured by the traditional Chinese medicine of Three-yellow soup and Yinzhihuang and western medicine.

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Objective:To discuss the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine three-yellow soup yinzhihuang and western medicine.Methods:Slight cases uses three-yellow soup plus Phenobarbital and prednisone 3 days mediate and severe cases use yinzhihuang and Phenobarbital,ednisone,blue light,anti-inflammatory enzyme jnductor.Results:Of those 137 cases of mediate and severe using yinzhihuang,Phenobarbital,ednisone,bluelight,anti-inflammatory enzyme jnductor,the symptoms of lethargy and womiting disappeared,icteric of skin and sclera also disappeared,105 cases of them 5-6 days,24 cases of them 6-8 days,8 cases of them 8-18 days,their serum bilirubin come to the normal level.Conclusion:Early finding and early using of the Chinese herbal drugs plus western medicine can not only cure neonatal hyperbilirubinemia but also shorten the period the occurrence of nuclear edema.

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chronic nephritis proteinuria is the most common clinical manifestation,it is difficult to control. Its pathogenesis is mainly spleen and kidney deficiency,blood stasis Phlegm wedands,often aggravated when the exogenous pathogen invasion.Professor MA Jin-mu proteinuria in the treatment of spleen and kidney to pay more attention to the three dirty lung function,highlight the benefit of huoxueqingli,clinical diagnosis and treatment results are obvious.


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Question: Apparatus and method for the wheel ground surface friction state estimation

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Apparatus for estimating a ground contact surface gripping characteristic of a vehicle wheel of a vehicle comprises an input section and an output section. The input section sets an input representing a ratio of a wheel force acting on the vehicle wheel in the ground contact surface, and a wheel slipping degree of the vehicle wheel. The output section determines, from the input, an output representing a grip characteristic parameter indicative of the gripping characteristic of the vehicle wheel.

Disclosed is a water turbine fault prognosis method based on on-line monitoring. On-line monitoring of the pendulum state of a water turbine set and real-time fault prognosis are realized through collection of a pendulum data sample of the water turbine set, real-time library reading and writing, data preprocessing and making of inference rules. The water turbine fault prognosis method based on on-line monitoring comprises the steps of collecting and displaying real-time data, realizing fault early warning and vibration tread displaying, recording and displaying the diagnosis result, fault analysis and processing suggestions, and storing diagnostic reports.


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Question: A Tune-All Wideband Filter Based on Perturbed Ring-Resonators

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For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "A Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of a DNA sequence containing a CA repeat produces a main band but also several shadow bands that differ by 2 base pairs below the main band. In the experiments described in this paper, these shadow bands were excised from a DNA sequencing gel and directly sequenced. It was found that the sequence in the CA repeat was ambiguous. However, the sequence 5' and 3' to the CA repeat was clear and unambiguous. It is proposed that the shadow bands are generated by 2 base pair random deletions in the CA repeat region. During this process the sequence becomes 'scrambled' only in the CA repeat region. The shadow bands were shown to occur during the PCR since the genomic DNA template did not contain the shadow bands. It is probable that the shadow bands arise by slippage during the PCR. It is predicted that a thermostable DNA polymerase with a high processivity would greatly reduce the occurrence of shadow bands."]>>  to <<['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'The determination of the sequences present in the shadow bands of a dinucleotide repeat PCR']>>

A dual-mode resonator is presented for tunable wideband filters, which allows tunability in both the centre frequency and bandwidth. It is based on a new perturbation arrangement in a ring-resonator that is electronically tuned with varactor diodes. A filter is designed for a radio astronomy receiver application. It consists of 6 cascaded dual-mode resonators with a 49% bandwidth in the L-band. High selectivity and low insertion losses are achieved. The centre frequency is tunable by 9% and the bandwidth by 25.3%. This design is unique in that it achieves wide bandwidth, is realisable in microstrip and tunable in both the centre frequency and bandwidth.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dipole Basic Characteristics Partial Sleeve, PIFA, and Patch Loops Dielectric Resonator Antennas References


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Question: A Social Portrait of the Young People of Russia

Survey data on young people in Russia show that there is a weak relationship between their assessment of where they are in the system of stratification and their position according to material indicators. Young people are in general optimistic about improving their position and see upward mobility as possible for those willing to work hard.

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Introduction Innocence Lost Family Matters In the Gym and Boardroom Higher Learning Coming to America Something Old, Something New Bibliography Index


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Question: Terminal having display button and method of displaying using the display button

A terminal equipped with buttons having display functions and a display method therefor are provided to display plural images determined by an inclined shape of the terminal on plural buttons equipped in the terminal without reducing the size of the buttons even though there are many functions executable in the terminal. A sensor(110) senses gravity acceleration exerted on a terminal, at fixed coordinates for the terminal. A calculator(120) calculates an inclined shape of the terminal by using the sensed results. Plural buttons(130-1~130-N) display plural images by responding to a control signal. A controller(140) generates the control signal for instructing display of the images shown by image data corresponding to changes of the calculated results among prepared image data.

A vehicle data processing system comprising at least one processor, which is adapted to a mobile device by using a Uniform Resource Identifier supply a lock icon. The at least one processor is further adapted to retrieve, in response to established communication with the mobile device having a user interface display, on the basis of executing an application in the mobile device the Uniform Resource Identifier. The at least one processor is further adapted for transmitting the uniform resource identifier to the mobile device to disable the user interface display with the lock icon, which is associated with the uniform resource identifier.


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Question: Structural modification of BODIPY: Improve its applicability

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Abstract BODIPY has been considered a potential scaffold because of their neutral total charge, sharp absorption, and emission with high fluorescence quantum yield. However, the drawback of emission wavelength at less than 600 nm and hydrophobicity limit its application. One of the extremely interesting properties of BODIPY is that small modifications to their structures could be able to tune their properties, mainly including the absorption/emission wavelength and the hydrophilicity. This review focuses on the modification at different positions of BODIPY to improve the water-solubility and emission wavelength that describe their spectral, photophysical properties and applicability, which is helpful for the researchers to rationally design BODIPY dyes to adapt a wide range of applications.

Recently, luminogens with the aggregation-induced emission characteristic (AIEgens) have received much attention in the field of bioimaging and therapeutic applications. However, the development of AIEgens that are derived from the simple core skeleton with emission color tuning for imaging and therapy is still a formidable challenge. To address this constraint, we present a series of cationic AIEgens based on cyanopyridinium salts (CP1–CP5). The AIEgens can be facilely prepared by varying the aromatic electron donor while fixing the cyanopyridinium group as the electron acceptor within a single benzene ring. The obtained AIEgens possess wide color tunability, large Stokes shifts, and bright emission in the condensed state. Due to their good biocompatibility and cationic nature, these AIEgens can be utilized for multiple-color imaging of intracellular mitochondria as well as Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Importantly, these AIEgens exhibit remarkable structure-dependent singlet-oxygen generatio...


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Question: Optimizing a DUV positive resist for metal layers

Structurally modified acetal resist is designed for lithography on metal layers. The acetal-based polymer used in the resist has intrinsically low post-exposure volatilization and superior metal etch resistance. This resist is designed to have excellent substrate compatibility as indicated by a foot size of less than 10 nm for 250 nm feature size. Lithographic evaluations reveal that this resists is capable of resolving sub-200 nm features on TiN substrates with high photosensitivity, dose latitude and excellent process windows for line and post features. The reduced foot size and enhanced resolution could be achieved by optimizing the resist chemistry and the processing conditions.

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A spin-stand level dynamic read-back microscopy (DRM) technique offers ease of use and full compatibility with standard media parametrics testing. We designed and implemented a DRM tester based on a LeCroy DDA5005 oscilloscope and a Guzik spin-stand. Using a DRM, we investigated the effect of magnetic exchange coupling on side erasure of CoCrPt-SiO PMR media. Exchange was controlled by varying the oxygen partial pressure during deposition. The paper show tracks after a progressive edge-trimming from the both sides using a low DC-negative erase current.


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Question: CBM, TPM, RCM and A-RCM - A Qualitative Comparison of Maintenance Management Strategies

Maintenance management strategies have been evolving over time and starting from the concept of Breakdown maintenance, varied strategies like Condition Based Maintenance, Total Productive Maintenance and Reliability Centered Maintenance are in practice. The authors had developed an alternate maintenance strategy – Accelerated Reliability Centered Maintenance specifically for use in process industries. Each of these strategies has distinct advantages as well as a few limitations. The authors develop a method of comparison of these strategies on the basis of established methods and drawing on the capability maturity method. This paper enumerates the salient features of CBM, TPM, RCM and A-RCM and presents a qualitative comparison of these strategies so as to provide implementers, primarily from the process industry, with a ready guide that will help in deciding on the adoption of one of these strategies.

The World of VOC Company and Customer Focus Collecting VOC Interpretation and Translation of VOC Structuring Customer Data Quantifying Structured VOC VOC Integration Deploying VOC Tracking VOC into the Future The VOC System-A Seasoned Perspective Appendix A: VOC Forms Appendix B: Kano Collection and Interpretation Method Appendix C: Customer Oriented Product Concepting (COPC) Appendix D: VOC Example (3-hole punch) Appendix E: Bibliography, Quality Function Development


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Question: The Low Energy Auger Electron Spectroscopy Lines as an Index of the Ba Overlayer Order on the Ni(110) Surface

We investigate the interaction of Ba with the Ni(110) surface at elevated temperatures by means of Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction. The results show that annealing of the substrate causes desorption and ordering of the initially amorphous overlayer, resulting in c and structures. It is observed that the induced ordering crucially affects the lineshape of the double Auger transition line Ba(73 eV)N45O23P1, establishing this line as an index of ordering of the Ba overlayer. The underlying physics of this effect is discussed.

Abstract : Contents: Epitaxial Growth and Electro-Optical Properties of Metal GaAs superlattices, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility and Thermoelectric Power of PtGa(2), Electronic structure study of the Pt-Ga intermetallic thin films on GaAs (100) using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Growth of CoGa on GaAs by MBE-Determination of epitaxial phases and orientations, Internal Photoemission in CoGa/GaAs Schottky Barriers, Possible Injection of Electrons into the L Valley, Chemistry of Metal/ Compound-Semiconductor Interfaces, Phase Stability Versus The Lattice Mismatch of (100)Co1-xGa(x) Thin Films on (100)GaAs, Electrical resistivity of ultrathin, epitaxial CoGa on GaAs, and Growth and Annealing of Co(1-x)Ga(x) Thin Films on GaAs (100).


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Question: Efficient Electroluminescence from Tris(4-methyl-8-quinolinolato)aluminum(III)

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A green-light-emitting aluminum complex, tris(4-methyl-8-quinolinolato)Al (III) (Almq3), was synthesized and used as an emitter material in organic electroluminescent (EL) devices. The device structure of glass substrate / indium-tin oxide / tetraphenyldiamine derivative / Almq3 / Mg:Ag was employed. The EL device exhibited efficient green light originating from Almq3 with a maximum luminance of 26000 cd/m2 at 14 volt. The maximum external quantum efficiency was 2.5% photons / electron.

A sterically protected biradical species, 1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-2,4-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl was allowed to react with tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachl...


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"['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract!', 'Location competition in an Alonso–Mills–Muth city']" == "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The purpose of this paper is to explain the decentralization process of an urban spatial structure in terms of the strategic interactions between firms. For that purpose, we expand the Hotelling model of a linear city to incorporate two aspects of the urban spatial structure, namely, the variation in land rent over space and the endogenous determination of city limits, both of which play important roles in the standard Alonso–Mills–Muth model. Our analysis reveals, among others, that decentralization occurs in a city when commuting costs decline more rapidly than shopping travel costs.']" != "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'In this note we introduce the notion of K-player additive exten sion of a symmetric two-player game and prove a resuit relating the equilibria in mixed stratEgies in the two games. Then we apply the resuit to the Borda Electoral compEtition game.']"

Question: The Charting Implications of IALA Buoyage System "A"

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As Superintendent of Chart Maintenance at the UK Hydrographic Department, the author has been actively engaged in the discussions since 1975 with the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities to determine the hydrographic implications of the introduction of the new IALA Buoyage System " A ". His paper outlines the effects on charts and other hydrographic publications, the problems of acquiring the data and the need for a co-ordinated programme to ensure the buoyage changes and chart amendments keep in step.

This chapter contains sections titled: Defining the Terms, Children First, 2002 Update: Standards Issue—The Supreme Court, Community Standards, and the Internet


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Question: Atmospheric concentration of selected trace gases over Uganda

A dissertation submitted to the Directorate of Research and Graduate training in partial fulfillment of the award of the degree of Master of Science in Physics of Makerere University

We examine the acid deposition monitoring results (2000–2010) for the southern territory of East Siberia (the Irkutsk-Angarsk industrial center). It is established that acid deposition events are most frequently recorded in the area of South Baikal (70–100 km south-east of the Irkutsk-Angarsk industrial center), with the acidity of precipitation continuing to increase. Atmospheric precipitation acidity data are compared with long-term monitoring results for Europe.


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Question: Sparse estimation of spectroscopic signals

This work considers the semi-parametric estimation of sparse spectroscopic signals, aiming to form a detailed spectral representation of both the frequency content and the spectral line widths of the occurring signals. Extending on the recent FOCUSS-based SLIM algorithm, we propose an alternative prior for a Bayesian formulation of this sparse reconstruction method, exploiting a proposed suitable prior for the noise variance. Examining three common models for spectroscopic signals, the introduced technique allows for reliable estimation of the characteristics of these models. Numerical simulations illustrate the improved performance of the proposed technique.

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Provided: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper!', 'A mobile communication device and a reception suppressing method wherein in a case of two antennas, the frequency bands of which are close to each other, being used to perform communications, the communication using one of the two antennas can be suitably performed without designing the frequency band of the other of the two antennas to be narrow. While at least one of a predetermined signal processing to be performed by a broadcast wave receiving part (100) and a predetermined signal processing to be performed by a communication part (150) is being performed, a reception suppressing part (205) adjusts the frequency of a broadcast signal to be received by a first antenna part (20) in such a manner that it goes away from the frequency of a transport signal transmitted from a second antenna part (151) or that of a received signal received by the second antenna part (151).']" Match: "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Mobile communication device and reception suppressing method']"

Segmentation is an early stage for the automated classification of tissue cells between normal and malignant types. We present an algorithm for unsupervised segmentation of images of hyperspectral human colon tissue cells into their constituent parts by exploiting the spatial relationship between these constituent parts. This is done by employing a modification of the conventional wavelet based texture analysis, on the projection of hyperspectral image data in the first principal component direction. Results show that our algorithm is comparable to other more computationally intensive methods which exploit the spectral characteristics of the hyperspectral imagery data


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Question: St. Michael's Printshop, 1972-1987

Oberheide and Umholtz recount their involvement with the St. Michael's Printshop. Includes a list of visiting artists, a description of techniques and a glossary of terms. 11 bibl. ref.

Review(s) of: David Stewart and the W.E.A., by E. M. Higgins, (Worker's Educational Association of New South Wales, 1958) ; 15s.


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Question: [Transbronchial brush biopsy under TV-fluoroscopy control (author's transl)].

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Transbronchial brush biopsy is indicated when routine methods fail to establish the diagnosis of a pulmonary lesion. More than 50 biopsies have been performed without complications. The diagnostic accuracy of about 50% positive reports will definitively improve with the better selection of cases and with greater experience with this technique.

AbstractBackground: The aim of this preliminary retrospective study was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of Indocyanine Green (ICG) sentinel node (SLN) sampling using a laparoscopic camera du...


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Question: NF-κB regulates neuronal ankyrin-G via a negative feedback loop

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The axon initial segment (AIS) is a neuronal compartment defined by ankyrin-G expression. We here demonstrate that the IKK-complex co-localizes and interacts with the cytoskeletal anchor protein ankyrin-G in immunoprecipitation and proximity-ligation experiments in cortical neurons. Overexpression of the 270 kDa variant of ankyrin-G suppressed, while gene-silencing of ankyrin-G expression increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity in primary neurons, suggesting that ankyrin-G sequesters the transcription factor in the AIS. We also found that p65 bound to the ank3 (ankyrin-G) promoter sequence in chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses thereby increasing ank3 expression and ankyrin-G levels at the AIS. Gene-silencing of p65 or ankyrin-G overexpression suppressed ank3 reporter activity. Collectively these data demonstrate that p65/NF-κB controls ankyrin-G levels via a negative feedback loop, thereby linking NF-κB signaling with neuronal polarity and axonal plasticity.

Cell adhesion molecules play a critical role in cell contacts, whether cell-cell or cell-matrix, and are regulated by multiple signaling pathways. In this report, we identify a novel ring zinc finger-leucine-rich repeat containing protein (RIFLE) and show that RIFLE, expressed in PC12 cells, enhances the Serine (Ser)21/9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha/beta (GSK-3alpha/beta) resulting in the inhibition of GSK-3 kinase activity and increase of beta-catenin levels. RIFLE expression also is associated with elevated E-cadherin protein levels but not N-cadherin. The regulation of these cell adhesion-associated molecules by RIFLE is accompanied by a significant increase in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. Moreover, increase in cell-cell adhesion but not cell-matrix adhesion by RIFLE can be mimicked by selective inhibition of GSK-3. Our results suggest that RIFLE represents a novel signaling protein that mediates components of the Wnt/wingless signaling pathway and cell adhesion in PC12 cells.


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Question: Quantitative Models for Supply Chain Management

From the Publisher: ::: Quantitative models and computer based tools are essential for making decisions in today's business environment. These tools are of particular importance in the rapidly growing area of supply chain management. This volume is a unified effort to provide a systematic summary of the large variety of new issues being considered, the new set of models being developed, the new techniques for analysis, and the computational methods that have become available recently. The volume's objective is to provide a self-contained, sophisticated research summary - a snapshot at this point of time - in the area of Quantitative Models for Supply Chain Management. This volume can serve as a graduate text, as a reference for researchers and as a guide for further development of this field.

Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase


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Question: Covariance-Based Spectrum Sensing for Noncircular Signal in Cognitive Radio Networks With Uncalibrated Multiple Antennas

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In this letter, the problem of spectrum sensing is addressed for noncircular (NC) signal in cognitive radio networks with uncalibrated multiple antennas. Specifically, by taking both the standard covariance and complementary covariance information of the NC signal into account, a new robust spectrum sensing method called NC covariance (NCC) is proposed, which can fully reap the statistical property of the NC signals. Meanwhile, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the NCC statistic under the signal-absence hypothesis and obtain the theoretical decision threshold of the NCC method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of outperforming state-of-the-art methods.

List of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Transmission Line Theory. 3. Evaluating the Transient Response of Linear Networks. 4. Mosfet Current-Voltage Characteristics. 5. Figures of Merit to Characterize the Importance of on-Chip Inductance in Single Lines. 6. Effects of Inductance on the Propagation Delay and Repeater Insertion Process in RLC Lines. 7. Equivalent Elmore Delay for RLC Trees. 8. Characterizing Inductance Effects in RLC Trees. 9. Repeater Insertion in Tree Structured Inductive Interconnect. 10. Dynamic and Short-Circuit Power of CMOS Gates Driving Lossless Transmission Lines. 11. Exploiting On-Chip Inductance in High Speed Clock Distribution Networks. 12. Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of the Transient Response in RLC Circuits: The DTT Method. 13. On the Extraction of On-Chip Inductance. 14. Conclusions. Bibliography. Appendices. Index. About the Authors.


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Question: Composite adaptive disturbance observer-based control for a class of nonlinear systems with multisource disturbance

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SUMMARY ::: ::: Antidisturbance control and estimation problem are introduced for a class of nonlinear system subject to multisource disturbances. The uncertain multisource disturbances consist of not only a single harmonic or constant disturbance but also another unexpected nonlinear signal described as a nonlinear function. The composite adaptive disturbance observers are constructed separately from the controller design to estimate the disturbance with partial known information. By integrating disturbance observer-based controller with robust adaptive control, a novel type of composite adaptive disturbance observer-based control scheme is presented for a class of nonlinear system with multisource disturbances. Simulations for a flight control system are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results compared with the previous schemes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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A backstepping nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control with the extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for the uncertain factors of nonlinear spinning missile. Based on Lyapunov stability...


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Question: 1—NITROAKNADININE,A NOVEL NITRO—HASUBANAN ALKALOID FROM STEPHANIA SUTCHUEN ENSIS

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A novel hasubanan alkaloid has been isolated along with the known aknadinine from the fresh roots of Stephania sutchenensis.Its structure has been established as 1—nitroaknadinine from detailed spectral studies and confirmed by chemical correlation with aknadinine.The novel alkaloid is the first nitro-hasubanan and also the first example of naturally occurring nitro—alkaloids.

A.Process AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING WIRE MESH ROLL. B.SELON INVENTION, IS WINDING WAY OF RAIN, THE INACHEVE ROLL IS WRAPPED IN EVERY TIME aPPLICABLE ON DEPOSIT STILL ZIGZAG, ENGINEERED cONTINUALLY TO ITS REAR END AND THE LATTER iS THEN WRAP AND ROLL iS GROSSI AFTER RECOVERY OF DEPOSIT NOT WRAP, SHIP FURTHER, WITH IT, OF A ALMOST LENGTH OF DEPOSIT FROM THE POINT OF THE PROVISION IN ZIGZAG AFTER WHAT SHOULD THE FOLLOWING OPERATION WINDING APPLYING THE DEPOT. ROLLS WITHOUT CORES C.FABRICATION.


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Question: Postanaesthetic shivering--a comparison of thiopentone and propofol.

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One hundred and sixty patients undergoing minor surgical procedures were randomly allocated to receive either thiopentone or propofol for induction of anaesthesia. All patients were assessed in the recovery period for the development of postanaesthetic shivering. Twenty patients (25%) in the thiopentone group and 8 patients (10%) in the propofol group developed postanaesthetic shivering (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in tympanic temperature between shivering and nonshivering patients. Propofol as an induction agent is associated with a lower incidence of postanaesthetic shivering as compared to thiopentone.

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Purpose ::: The objective of our study was to compare the safety and efficacy of remifentanil during colonoscopy with those of the standard combination of midazolam and pethidine.


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Question: Isospin dependence of collective flow

Nuclear collective flow in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies has been studied in an isospin-dependent transport model. It is found that both the sign and strength of collective flow are significantly affected by the isospin asymmetry of the colliding system. The predicted dependence of the balance energy, defined by the incident energy at which the collective flow disappears, on the isospin asymmetry is compared with recent experiments at NSCL/MSU.

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A nucleus with octupole deformation of the mean field reveals rotational doublets with the same angular momentum and opposite parity. Mediated by the Coriolis-type interaction, the doublet structure leads to a strong regular component in the parity violation caused by weak interaction. This can explain sign correlations observed in polarized neutron scattering by $^{232}$Th.


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Provided: ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Dietary Patterns and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration After More Than Two Decades of Follow-Up'] Match: ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "Method: This prospective study included 76,693 female participants in the Nurses' Health Study and 39,519 male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. We developed two cardioprotective dietary patterns, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and two overall dietary patterns from factor analysis, prudent and western pattern. We calculated each dietary pattern score from repeated food frequency questionnaires. We confirmed 1,531 intermediate and 1,269 advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cases. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relative risks (RR's) and 95% confidence intervals (CI's). Results: For advanced AMD, the prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated with risk (comparing extreme quintiles, multivariate RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.63 to 0.94; p trend = 0.008), whereas the western pattern was positively related to risk (RR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.71; p trend = 0.005). The RR for DASH was 0...."] Hard Negative: ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', '1-2 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 5-13 Overview of Sickle Cell Disease 5 Elevated Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity 7 Elevated TRV in Children With Sickle Cell Disease 9 Treatment of Elevated Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity 10 Pathogenesis and Study of Outcomes Associated with Elevated TRV 11 Sickle Cell Nephropathy 12 Elevated TRV and Proteinuria 13 Statement of Purpose, Specific Hypotheses and Specific Aims of the Thesis 14 Methods 15-19 Patient Population 15 Echocardiography 16 Study of the Natural History of TRV in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.........17 Study to Determine if Elevated TRV is Associated with Proteinuria 18 Results 20 Study 1. Natural History of TRV in Children with Sickle Cell Disease 20 Study 2. Is Elevated TRV Associated with Proteinuria? 25 Discussion 27-32 References 33-42 Appendix 1: Publication 43-46 Appendix 2: Comment on Publication 47-48']

Question: VOLT-TIME CURVES OF DISCONNECTOR-GENERATED FAST TRANSIENTS INSIDE GIS

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ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of volt-time characteristics of a coaxial arrangement (180/110 mm) insulated with SF6 gas at various pressures (0.1-0.4 MPa) and stressed with positive and negative polarity oscillating transient voltages, having an initial step rise time of 4–7 ns, a front steepness of 10–15 MV/μs and oscillating at 14 MHz. Volt-time curves for these transients in the 24 - 2,000 ns time range are plotted in order to obtain an overall picture from the insulation co-ordination point of view and theoretical and measured volt-time curves for lightning for the same coaxial geometry were obtained. By plotting all these volt-time curves on the same graph, time spectra ranging from 24 ns to 10 μ s are covered, and the discontinuity between lightning and fast transient volt-time curves is observed. At high voltage levels, breakdown with negative transients occurs mainly on the tail whereas with high positive transients, breakdown occurs on the front.

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THE INVENTION CONCERNS A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MICROWAVE TRANSITION BETWEEN TWO ORTHOGONAL GUIDED STRUCTURES AND MICROWAVE CIRCUIT INCLUDING SUCH THAT ON TRANSITION PROCESS TO CUTTING IN MASS, AS A FIRST STEP MILLING, A PAN 30 IN THE ANGLE FORMED BY A WALL OF GUIDANCE oRTHOGONAL STRUCTURE THE FIRST STRUCTURE WITHOUT TILT ONE OF STRUCTURES. APPLICATION TO MICROWAVE CIRCUITS FOR MILLIMETER WAVES.


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Question: Public Library Development in Kerala: A Historical Perspective

The study examines the social and cultural forces that contributed to the establishment of a large number of public libraries and their sustenance and development in Kerala at the beginning of nineteenth century. Establishment of Trivandrum Public Library in 1829 by Government of Travancore and its later development into State Central Library, establishment of libraries as part of providing educational facilities by Government of Cochin, provision of library facilities in Malabar region by Government of Madres and initiation of library legislation by rulers of Travancore are discussed in detail. The study observes that such a long, continuous and live involvement of State in library affairs as seen in Kerala is a rare phenomena. This has contributed immensely to the educational, social and economic development of the region.

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Small Business and Self-employment in the Welfare State : A Study from a Gender Perspective


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Question: At the Threshold of School: Parental Assessments of the Competencies of Their Preschool‐Aged Children

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The study set out to examine the organization of parental assessments of their children's competencies in terms of the parents’ education and gender and the chil?s gender. Parents with university education (N= 231) and vocational education (N= 343) were asked to appraise their preschool-aged chil?s competencies in domains pertaining to school subjects and abilities. It was found that parents with university education emphasized cognitive-verbal competencies when assessing their children, and parents with vocational education emphasized practical competencies. Girls’ competencies were generally assessed more favorably than were boy's. Yet boys were considered to have higher mathematical skills than were girls, and this assessment was further specified by the parents’ educational position. In sum, the organization of parental assessments seemed to have already taken shape by the time the child enters school.

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: A New Antifungal Flavonol Glycoside from Hypericum perforatum

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In addition to six known flavonoids quercitrin, hyperoside, avicularin, rutin, quercetin and kaemferol, a new flavonol glycoside named 6 -O-acetyl quercetin 3-O-#beta#-D-alloside (1) was isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. The structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, FAB-MS, ~(1)H-NMR and ~(13)C-NMR). Antifungal assay of all componds showed that metabolite 1, quercitrin and quercetin were inhibitory to the growth of phytopathogenic fungus Helminthosporium sativum Pamel King et Bakke with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25, 50 and 50#mu#g/mL, respectively. Moreover, glycoside 1 and quercitrin were also shown to be able to inhibit the growth of Fusarium graminearum Schw. with MIC of 100 #mu#g/mL. The MICs of ketoconazole used as control against the test fungi were 0.5#mu#g/mL in our assay.

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Background/Aims: The effect of four secondary metabolites isolated from sponge Spongionella , gracilins H, A, L and tetrahydroaplysulphurin-1 on


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Question: The experimental study on the injury of hippocampal neurons of rats caused by simulated high-intensity push-pull maneuver

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['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Abstract Powerful visible upconversion fluorescence intensities of Er 3+ in novel bismuth gallate glasses (LKBBG) and common tellurite glasses (TZN) with low phonon energies and high refractive indices have been compared. Under the same measurement condition, Er 3+ -doped LKBBG glasses show the stronger upconversion emission intensities than Er 3+ -doped common tellurite glasses (TZN). The visible upconversion emission bands peaked at 531, 548 and 668 nm have been confirmed that two photons contribute to these upconversion processes. The maximum phonon energy obtained in LKBBG glasses is 673 cm −1 , which is 65 cm −1 lower than that in common tellurite glasses, indicating that LKBBG glasses almost possess the lowest maximum phonon energy in all of the oxide glasses. All analyses support that Er 3+ -doped LKBBG glasses are promising materials for fabricating visible upconversion devices.'] == ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Powerful visible upconversion fluorescence of Er3+ in novel bismuth gallate glasses compared with in common tellurite glasses']

AObjective To explore the injury of hippocampus neurons in different areas and time phase change in rats after expose to stimulated high intensity push-pull maneuver.Methods Tewenty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group(5 rats) and experimental group(-8Gz → +8Gz) (15rats). Nothing was done for the rats in the control groups while the rats in the experimental groups were perfused and fixed and cut respectively at 0.5-hour,6-hour and 24-hour after exposure for HE staining for observing of light microscope and ultrathin sectioning for analysis of ultrastructure.Results There are some neurons with morphological change in different areas of hippocampus after 6-hour and 24-hour exposure to ±8Gz and the injury was the most severe in CA1 area. Conclusion The intensity high push-pull maneuver may cause more injury of hippocampus tissues.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the antihypoxic effect of orientoside on hypoxia model rats.METHODS:The hy-poxia rats model was established through normobaric hypoxia,poisoning with sodium nitrite,potassium cyanide and lidocaine,trachea occlusion,decapitation,etc.20minutes prior to the modeling,the rats were administered with the corresponding drugs with the anti-hypoxic effects observed.RESULTS:As compared with placebo group,the survival time of rats under nor-mobaric hypoxia,poisoned by sodium nitrite,potassium cyanide and lidocaine,and the electrocardiograph extinction time after trachea occlusion and the gasping time of mice after decapitation were all significantly prolonged by orientoside.CONCLU-SION:Orientoside has antihypoxic effect on hypoxia model rats.


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Question: An Internet Review: The Compleat Neuroscientist Scours the World Wide Web

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The World Wide Web provides a graphical interface that allows users to explore the multiple databases of information that are accessible on the Internet. In the field of neuroscience, several hundred sites contain potentially pertinent information. This article takes a critical look at those sites and offers recommendations to those seeking broad neuroscience resources as well as those desiring sites specialized for the developmental neurosciences.

Foreword. Who's Who. Introduction. Chapter 1: A Red Wagon in a Field of Snow. Chapter 2: The Slot Machine That Kept Coming Up Cherries. Chapter 3: Falling Down the Rabbit Hole. Chapter 4: Finding More Peters (to Pay Paul). Chapter 5: The Goddess of Justice Wears a Blindfold. Chapter 6: Didn't Anyone Want a Pulitzer? Chapter 7: More Red Flags Than the Soviet Union. Chapter 8: Closing the Biggest Barn Door in Wall Street History. Chapter 9: Soaring Like an Eagle Surrounded by Turkeys. Epilogue: Mr. Pinkslip Goes to Washington. Appendix A: Madoff Tops Charts Skeptics Ask How. Appendix B: The World's Largest Hedge Fund Is a Fraud. Appendix C: Online Resource Guide for the Classroom and Beyond. A Note on Sources. About the Author. Acknowledgments. Index.


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Question: Irreversibility fields and critical currents for pure and Y-substituted La1.82Ca1.18Cu2O6 superconductors

Abstract The irreversibility fields and critical currents were measured for La 1.82 Ca 1.18 Cu 2 O 6 and La 1.82 Ca 1.16 Y 0.02 Cu 2 O 6 tetragonal superconductors with the simplest and the shortest (6 A) structural region separating the double — CuO 2 — planes. The results, when compared to the irreversibility fields for La 2− x Sr x CuO 4 , YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7− x and Bi 2 Ca 2 SrCu 2 O 6 , confirm the major importance of the “metallicity” and thickness of the intermediate layer for the pinning properties. Simultaneously, the number of the CuO 2 planes has been found to influence pinning properties much less. The critical currents at 5 K for Y free sample change from 0.7×10 6 to 3×10 5 A/cm 2 between 1 and 7 T and decrease much more rapidly at elevated temperatures without showing any peak effect.

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For example, ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', '1. The ethics and aesthetics of medicine 2. Virginia Woolf, amateurism and the professionalisation of literature 3. Reconfiguring professionalism: Lily Briscoe and Miss La Trobe 4. Translating the fact of the professions into the fiction of vision: The Years and Three Guineas 5. A balancing act: Between the Acts and the aesthetics of specialisation.'] should be similar to ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Virginia Woolf and the Professions']

Dispersion relations of low wave number phonon polaritons have been investigated by the near-forward Raman scattering technique. The results of measurements are given for the crystals BaTiO3, LiTaO3, Sr2Nb2O7 and β-Gd2(MoO4)3.


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Question: Men Connecting and Changing–Stages of Relational Growth in Men's Groups

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ABSTRACT A revised model of group development for all-male groups is presented. The purpose of such groups is the restoration of relational connection. The model emphasizes the creation of a safe environment as a necessary first stage, with conflict and difference occurring at a later stage. The author builds on ideas from the “Boston model” and Linda Schiller's work on group developmental stages. The model is based on practice experience with over sixty men's groups, led by more than two dozen practitioners.

Tour 1: Preparation for Departure: Who Am I and How Do I Interact With Others? Tour 2: Preparation for Departure: Building Relationships with Basic Listening Skills Tour 3: Departure: Advanced Facilitation Skills Tour 4: Traveling With a Theory: Integration and Personalization Tour 5: Applying Theory: Assessment and Conceptualization Tour 6: Meeting Clients: Treatment Planning, Progress Monitoring, and Documentation Tour 7: Consolidation: Celebrating the Journey and Preparing to Go Separate Ways


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Question: A discussion of comprehensivelly tackling the non-excellent geological region in Chang Po Ling along Nan-Kun railroad

How to cope with such problems as flood, landslide and soft soil in civil engineering plays an important role in the quality and price of construction and service life, so has been probed by engineers .So far as the major problems of the nonexcellent geological region in Chang Po Ridges along NanningKunming railroad, the principle of the combination of drainage, blockage and interception centered around drainage, and measure to take precautions so as to avoid landslide is put forth, and physical performance of soft land to raise its bearing power is changed.It also introduces specific approaches of construction and its effects.It finally points out that comprehensive measures should be taken to tackle nonexcellent geology so that various facilities work to keep disease engineering under control economically and effectively.

According to the local situation suggestion for grain save livestock in Huangzhong county was provided.


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Question: Nd:YAG laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty for snoring.

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) has been acknowledged as the surgical treatment of choice for snoring. More recently, laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty (LAUP) has emerged as a reliable, safe, less invasive technique in the surgical treatment of snoring. Our experience includes 90 patients treated by means of Nd:YAG laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty and the results are presented. The value of different factors (age, sex, snoring loudness, pharynx appearance, Müller manoeuver, presence of apnoeic episodes, overweight) in predicting success or failure of laser surgery has been evaluated. Good results were obtained in 80% of our patients. We found excessive snoring loudness and apnoeic episodes to be statistically associated with failure of LAUP to correct snoring. The other mentioned factors cannot be used in predicting the outcome of Nd:YAG laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty.

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A new trocar has been developed that increases the ease and accuracy of Lester Jones tube placement using the Cox system in conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR) surgery.


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Question: Fibre mapping analysis in composite forming: Experimental and numerical comparison

The work presented here is part of European project ”FibreMap”, which aims at the development of an automatic quality control and feedback mechanism to improve draping of carbon fibres on complex parts. The technology that is being developed in the project include a sensor system for robust detection of fibre orientation combined with a robotic system to scan complex parts.This paper focus on a comparison procedure made to compare experimental fibre orientation with finite element simulations results. First comparison results will be shown on a complex part chosen for the project.

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-- FEM modeling of piezoelectric patches used as actuators and sensors for SHM applications. -- Test/analysis correlation of temperature effects in piezoelectric materials and glue -- Numerical methods associated with the prediction of electric transfers.


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Question: Evaluation of Data Similarity using Data Jackets based on Users' Recognition

Abstract Data jacket (DJ) emerged as a method to make use of data without revealing any actual content. In a DJ Store, one can search DJs, and learn the types of solution these DJs are used for. In this study, we propose a model that calculates and acquires similar DJs under the assumption that it may be used for similar solutions by acquiring DJs that are similar to a certain DJ. The experimental results show that the similarity model generated by the proposed method is the model that most reflects the similarity of the DJ’s outline.

Abstract : Partial contents: Persistent ISR Study Objective, Persistence Defined, Modeling & Simulation, Measures of Effectiveness, Architecture Design Search, Summary.


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Question: Group Psychotherapy in an Acute Inpatient Setting: Techniques that Nourish Self-Esteema

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This article describes a conceptual model and reparative techniques used in group therapy in a 15-bed acute inpatient psychiatric unit located in a 340-bed metropolitan trauma center. The group meets daily for 1 hr. The population reflects patients suffering from chronic mental illness and polysubstance abuse and those adapting to such complex medical problems as AIDS, spinal cord injuries, burns, and so forth.Using Roy and Roberts's (1981) adaptive modes of self-concept and interdependency, I describe how narcissism, the psychic structure designed to protect, repair, and restore the wounded self-esteem (Stolorow & Lachman, 1980), sustains group adaptations at the pregroup level. Lonergon (1980) described the pregroup phase as “parallel talk.” It is similar to “parallel play” and generally reflects the developmental arrest or adaptive regression of individual group members. At this stage, group membership consists of a collection of individuals who use each other as an audience to whom they can express th...

Foreword by John Briere I. Overview of Complex Traumatic Stressors and Sequelae 1. Complex Trauma and Traumatic Stress Reactions 2. Complex Traumatic Stress Reactions and Disorders II. Treatment of Complex Traumatic Stress Reactions and Disorders 3. Preparing for Treatment of Complex Trauma 4. Treatment Goals and Assessment 5. Phase 1: Safety, Stabilization, and Engagement-Measured in Skills, Not Time 6. Phases 2 and 3: Trauma Memory, Emotion Processing, and Application to the Present and Future 7. Systemic Therapy across Phases: Group, Couple, and Family Modalities III. Advanced Treatment Considerations and Relational Issues 8. Into the Breach: Voids, Absences, and the Posttraumatic/Dissociative Relational Field 9. Walking the Walk: The Therapeutic Relationship 10. Transference and Countertransference in Complex Trauma Treatment Postscript References Index


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Question: The persistence of papovavirus BK DNA sequences in normal human renal tissue

Evidence has accumulated indicating that BK virus, following an inapparent primary infection, persists in the renal organs of normal healthy individuals and reactivates upon immunosuppression. Data to support this hypothesis are presented and suggest that BK virus DNA sequences are present at very low levels in the kidneys of more than 50% of the population and that this persistence is localized in several foci within these organs.

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Cytomegalovirus is frequently isolated from immunosuppressed patients or from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Twelve patients were studied for several months. In 7 patients more than 1 Cytomegalovirus was isolated; in one of these patients three viruses were isolated, two of them show small differences in their migration pattern and the third seems to be a different strain after restriction analysis of CMV genome. This could reflect variation in the genome of the CMV virus as it has been already shown for viruses from other families in immunocompromised patients and shows the occurrence of multiple strains infection in a single patient.


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Question: Stable contacts of naïve CD4 T cells with migratory dendritic cells are ICAM-1-dependent but dispensable for proliferation in vivo

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ABSTRACTIt is unclear if naive T cells require dendritic cell ICAMs to proliferate inside lymph nodes. To check if and when CD4 lymphocytes use ICAMs on migratory DCs, wild-type and ICAM-1 and 2 do...

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise a critical component of the tumor environment and CXCR2 reportedly plays a key role in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory diseases. Here, CXCR2 expression on granulocyte and macrophage progenitor cells (GMPs) was found to participate in myeloid cell differentiation within the tumor environment. In CXCR2-deficient tumor-bearing mice, GMPs exhibited fewer macrophage and dendritic cell progenitor cells than wild-type tumor-bearing mice, thereby decreasing monocytic MDSCs (mo-MDSCs) expansion. CXCR2 deficiency increased SAP18 expression in tumor-bearing mice, which reduced STAT3 phosphorylation through restraining ERK1/2 activation. Our findings reveal a critical role for CXCR2 in regulating hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation under tumor conditions, and SAP18 is a key negative regulator in this process. Thus, inhibiting CXCR2 expression may alter the tumor microenvironment and attenuate tumor progression.


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Question: Inactivation of Bacterial ω-Amino Acid: Pyruvate Transaminase with Se-Hypotaurine

Inactivation of bacterial ω-amino acid: pyruvate transaminase with Se-hypotaurine (2-aminoethaneseleninic acid), a selenium-substituted analogue of hypotaurine (2-aminoethanesulfinic acid), was examined. Se-Hypotaurine could not be an amino donor in the transamination catalyzed by the transaminase, but irreversibly inactivated the enzyme. The inactivation process followed a pseudo-first order kinetics, suggesting two step mechanism for the inactivation. The dissociation constant and rate constant of the inactivation were 62.5 μM and 0.083/min.

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Perspectives and Summary 227 Structure 228 Reductases 230 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formaldehyde ...... 233 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formate 240 Reaction of the One-Carbon Unit at the Methyl Leve/ of Oxidation 244 Pterin-Dependent Hydraxy/ations 245


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Question: Liquidity Risk Management: A Comparative Study between Islamic andConventional Banks

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Provided: "["represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title\nFor instance, <<Game models of manufacturer and retailer are established based on two modes of government's subsidy for manufacturer and consumer to analyze influence on decisions and performances of manufacturer and retailer by different subsidy modes,and compare stimulated effects on demand by different subsidy modes.Results indicate that consumer's expense decreases with two modes of government's subsidy for manufacturer and consumer from consumer's perspective,consumer can get benefit from subsidy,and the mode of government's subsidy for consumer is more available to consumer;the mode of government's subsidy for manufacturer can effectively stimulate demand from government's perspective;the mode of government's subsidy for manufacturer is more available to enterprise from enterprise's perspective.>>  to <<Influence on Decisions of Manufacturer and Retailer by Different Modes of Government's Subsidy>>", 'Visual abnormalities following closed head trauma are common and can affect any part of the visual pathway. We reviewed 181 consecutive patients referred with visual complaints following closed head trauma. A motor vehicle accident was the most common etiology of trauma in 57% of cases, direct trauma to the head in 15%, and injuries sustained from a fall in 13%. Sixty-three percent of patients lost consciousness and 26% suffered a skull fracture. Thirty-five percent of all patients had visual field defects with functional (tunnel) fields the most common. Over 88% of eyes had 20/20 or better visual acuity. Thirty-three percent of patients suffered a cranial nerve palsy, with 75% resolving without intervention. The severity of head injury was directly related to the lack of proper seat belt and helmet use. Most visual complaints were improved with a simple refraction. Most binocular diplopia cleared with time, with only 15 cases requiring surgical correction.']" Match: "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Neuro-ophthalmological findings in closed head trauma.']"

This paper examines the factors that affect the liquidity risk for Islamic and conventional banks in Gulf countries, using the panel data for 11 IBs and 33 CBs between 2006 and 2013. Our results show that return on equity, Net Interest Margin, Capital Adequacy Ratio and inflation rate have a positive impact on liquidity risk for Islamic banks, while returns on assets, Non-Performing Loan, size and GDP growth have a negative impact.On the other hand, in conventional banks, size, Return on Equity, Net Interest Margin, Capital Adequacy Ratio, GDP growth and inflation rate have a positive impact, whereas the Return onAssets, Non-Performing Loan have a negative impact on liquidity risk.This study tries to see how Islamic and conventional banks manage their liquidity in response to changes on the basis of several factors.

· Global Risk Management’s Emergence · The Contours of Financial Risk · Market Risk: Tools and Uses · Commodity Market · Currency Market · Fixed-Income Market · Equity Market · The Schism in Credit Risk Management · Credit Risk Management for Trading · Credit Risk Management for Traditional Lending · Market Risk in Portfolios · Simulation · Risk Management: The Vision and the Reality · The Global Risk Management Development Model · Developing GRM: What Works, What Doesn’t


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Question: Congenital Abnormalities of the Pericardium and Pericardial Masses

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The pathological entities that are discussed in this chapter represent diseases that can be rarely encountered in clinical practice.

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Basic Tissues, Epithelial Tissue, Connective Tissue, Muscular Tissue, Nervous Tissue Cardiovascular System, Blood Vessels, Heart Lymphatic Organs, Diffuse Lymphoid Tissue, Lymph Node, Spleen Digestive Organs, Stomach, Small Intestine, Colon, Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas Respiratory System, Nasal Cavity, Trachea, Lungs Urinary System, Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder Endocrine Organs, Pituitary Gland, Pineal Gland, Thyroid Gland, Adrenal (Interrenal) Gland Reproductive Organs, Ovary, Oviduct, Testes Integument, Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Lateral Line Organ Cranial Structures, Overview of Cranial Structures, Oral Cavity, Epiglottis, Esophagus, Nasal Cavity, Brain, Middle and Inner Ear, Eye and Associated Structures.


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Question: Application of Neural Networks and Order Statistics Filters to Speckle Noise Reduction in Remote Sensing Imaging

A novel approach to suppression of speckle noise in remote sensing imaging based on a combination of segmentation and optimum L-filtering is presented. With the aid of a suitable modification of the Learning Vector Quantizer (LVQ) neural network, the image is segmented in regions of (approximately) homogeneous statistics. For each of the regions a minimum mean-squared-error (MMSE) L-filter is designed, by using the histogram of grey levels as an estimate of the parent distribution of the noisy observations and a suitable estimate of the (assumed constant) original signal in the corresponding region. Thus, a bank of L-filters results, with each of them corresponding to and operating on a different image region. Simulation results are presented, which verify the (qualitative and quantitative) superiority of our technique over a number of commonly used speckle filters.

1. Photodetectors and Electronics.- 2. Photoelastic Transducers.- 3. Applications of the Moire Effect.- 4. Alignment Techniques.- 5. Length and Displacement Measurement by Laser Interferometry.- 6. Holography and its Applications.- 7. Speckle Interferometry.- 8. Laser Anemometry.- Appendix: Basic Principles of Optics.


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Question: Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel heterocyclic quinones as inhibitors of the dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC25C.

A focused set of heterocyclic quinones based on the benzothiazole, benzoxazole, benzimidazole, indazole and isoindole was prepared and screened with respect to the inhibition of the phosphatase activity of CDC25C. Benzoxazole- and benzothiazole-diones were at least 50 times more potent in inhibiting CDC25C than their benzimidazole-indazole- or isoindole-dione counterparts. These in vitro activities were in good correlation with the anti-proliferative effects observed with Mia PaCa-2 and DU-145 human tumor cell cultures. The IC(50) values obtained by WST-1 colorimetric assay ranged from 0.10 to 0.50 microM for the benzoxazole- or benzothiazole-diones and were above 10 microM for the other heterocyclic diones. This study further illustrates how the activity of the quinone pharmacophore can be selectively modulated by changing the type of five-membered heterocycle fused to the quinone ring.

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Inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is one of the most intensively studied approaches to cancer therapy. Rational design led to the identification of novel 7-amino-5-methyl-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives as potent PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors. Design, synthesis and structure activity relationship are reported.


Question: Research and Applicatioan of High Frequency Induction Heat Treatment Chamber

On the basis of current state of the metallic card wires in our country,we have designed the high frequency induction heating treatment chamber by TGBT and MOSFET power electronic devices used for metallic carf wires.It has changed the traditilnal heat treatment technology,economized on electricity,evened up the heating temperature and so on.It is small in size and high in efficiency comparing with the ones in the same kind.The traditional high frequency induction heat treatment chamber using electron tube has being improved.

Biomaterials * Optical Components * Construction Materials * Nuclear Waste Containment * Ceramic Superconductors * Archeologically Significant Articles.


Question: Improvement of smart card mechanical properties

Smart cards are becoming more and more popular in our daily life for its characteristics of portability and intelligence. Since they are always subject to mechanical pressure during delivering or using, its mechanical performance is very important to guarantee good quality. In this paper, three mechanical pressure tests were introduced to characterize the mechanical performance of COB (Chip on board) of smart card. The test data corresponding to four main factors such as chip thickness, mold thickness, EMC (Epoxy molding compound) types and PMC (Post Mod Cure) was analyzed, it is found that EMC type is the key factor to influence smart card mechanical properties. And it is concluded that the best method to improve smart card mechanical performance is to use the EMC type with high mechanical strength and modulus.

CORRIGENDUM: Wireless control and selection of forces and torques - towards wireless engines


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Question: Consent and confidentiality—where are the limits? An introduction

Introduction to, and overview of, the contents of the Symposium on consent and confidentiality ::: ::: The papers in this symposium are based on a meeting held by the Academy of Medical Sciences in London on 12 February 2002. The decision to hold this meeting, and to explore in detail these important and contentious issues, arose from a number of concerns that the Academy felt about what may reasonably be called “impediments to medical research”. ::: ::: These include:

This presentation will provide participants with the opportunity to learn about and ::: discuss: ::: 1. The concept of egg sharing ::: 2. The development of egg sharing and current practices ::: 3. Key ethical issues concerning egg sharing ::: 4. Psychological issues relating to egg sharing


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Question: Colleges Must Pay Attention to the Legal Awareness Education on Students

Today,in the rule of law,law is more closely related to college students as an important part of the whole people.As a social elite groups,its level of legal knowledge and legal awareness will have a direct impact on the community progress and development.When students go into the community,they need protect themselves through strengthening legal knowledge.However,there are still some problems,college should undertake the task of impoove college students' legal awarness.

Contents: The Information Society - The Digital Divide - The Digital Practice Perspective - The Digital Practice of Weak Tie Development - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Family Ties via Mobile Phone - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Digital Enclaves - The Digital Practice Perspective and Social Policy: Improving the Social, Cultural, and Civic Quality of the Digital Environment - Conclusion: Smart Mobs, Flash Mobs, Flash Robs and the Revolutionary Potential of the Digital Environment.