Question: represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.

Question: Application of Coordinate Tansformation to Intelligence Correlation of Airborne Early Warning Radar

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Fewshot example: "['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Highly efficient decarboxylation of diphenylacetic acid has been performed by tetrabutylammonium periodate in the presence of different [Mn(TPP)X] complexes (X- = anionic axial ligand) in CH2Cl2. In these catalytic systems, diphenylacetic acid was selectively (>97%) converted to benzophenone. The reactivity of manganese porphyrins are markedly influenced by the nature of anionic axial ligands and the efficiency of the catalysts decreases in the order: CN- > OCN- > N3- > SCN- > F- > OAc- ∼ Cl- ∼ Br- ∼ I-∼ ClO4-. Marked improvement in reactivities and selectivities has resulted from addition of imidazole and its derivatives to the reaction mixture. π-Bonding interaction in Mn–X moiety and the possibility of distal hydrogen bonding between imidazole and X- is presented to describe the enhanced catalytic activities observed for Mn(TPP)X (X- = SCN-, N3-, OCN-, CN-). A simple catalytic cycle is also proposed to show the role of X- in the possible intermediates.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Efficient Biomimetic Decarboxylation of Diphenylacetic Acid by [Mn(TPP)X]n-Bu4NIO4 Catalytic Systems: Effect of Anionic Axial Ligands (X-)']"

In order to properly correlate the airborne early warning radar intelligence to the ground radar intelligence,a coordinate conversion model was presented,where the model converts the airborne early warning radar intelligence data form the plane coordinate system to Beijing 54 coordinate system in three steps.Relative to the conventional method of coordinate transformation,using this model can effectively reduce the influence of the earth’s surface errors,and make the calculation results with higher precision,thus improving effectively the accuracy of intelligence correlation.

Introduction Overview, R.R. Hoffman and A.B. Markman Angels of Regard: Psychology Meets Technology in the Perception and Interpretation of Non-literal Imagery, R.R. Hoffman and A.B. Markman The Communication of Topographic Perspectives and Forms Human Factors in the Interpretation of Physiology by Symbolic and Numerical Representations within an Expert System, D.P. Argialas and G. Ch. Miliaresis Scenes into Numbers: Facing the Subjective in Landform Quantification, R.J. Pike Seeing the Invisible On the Psychophysics of Night Vision Goggles, W.R. Uttal and R.W. Gibb Human Perception of Sensor-Fused Imagery, E.A. Essock Seeing the Dynamics Components of Expertise in the Perception and Interpretation of Meteorlogical Charts, R.L. Lowe The Role of Remote Sensing Displays in Planetary Atmospheric Research, A.D. Del Genio The Skilled Interpretation of Weather Satellite Images: Learning to See Patterns and Not Just Cues, H.M. Mogil


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For example, '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'On double reductions from symmetries and conservation laws for a damped Boussinesq equation']' should have a representation like '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Abstract In this work, we study a Boussinesq equation with a strong damping term from the point of view of the Lie theory. We derive the classical Lie symmetries admitted by the equation as well as the reduced ordinary differential equations. Some nontrivial conservation laws are derived by using the multipliers method. Taking into account the relationship between symmetries and conservation laws and applying the double reduction method, we obtain a direct reduction of order of the ordinary differential equations and in particular a kink solution.']' but very far from '['Represent this text', 'In this paper, we study the approximation and existence of vacuum states in the multiscale gas flows governed by the Cauchy problem of compressible Euler equations containing a small parameter $\\et...']'.

Question: Conditional Probability and Econometric Models

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The concept of conditional probability is fundamental because econometrics regression models are probabilistic. Here, we consider the conditional probabilities to a certain vector, which would be possible to define more generally to the standard deviation ?.

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This chapter contains sections titled: Concept of Frequency Important Parameters of Frequency Distribution Theory of Probability Probability Distribution Model Sampling Theory Statistical Decision Making Conclusions References


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Question: Crosstalk In Dynamic WDM System Employing EDFA

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Crosstalk due to nonlinear effects such as Stimulated Raman Scattering and Cross Phase Modulation in dynamic WDM systems employing lumped amplifier is investigated using closed formed formulae. Effect of change in pump power, interchannel separation is also investigated and found to be detrimental.

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This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Designing a C/M Scheme: The Gaussian Channel Perspective Wireless Channel: A New Perspective Flat Independent Fading Channel Block-Fading Channel Interference-Limited Channel Conclusions This chapter contains sections titled: References


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Question: Comparison of brain serotoninergic systems in C57BL and BALBc mice during development.

Adult C57BL and BALBc mice will exhibit differences in behaviour and in their sleep patterns which may be correlated with monoamine content. In this study, we measured the endogenous levels of serotonin (5-HT), tryptophan (TRP), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) in the forebrain and hindbrain regions of these strains of mice from day 1 to 12 weeks of age. Using the micropunch technique and a radioenzymatic method, we also determined the endogenous 5-HT levels in the nuclei raphe dorsalis, centralis, magnus-pallidus and obscurus. During development, NA levels in the brain stem are higher in the C57BL than in the BALBc mice. From 5 weeks of age onwards, the levels of 5-HT, DA and NA in the forebrain are also higher in the C57BL mice. However, no differences in 5-Ht and DA content was found for the brain stems of these two strains. When the 5-HT levels in the different raphe nuclei were analyzed, the nucleus raphe dorsalis of the BALBc showed a higher 5-HT content.

Resistance to ectromelia (mousepox) virus-induced mortality was examined in crosses between susceptible DBA/2J, A/J, and BALB/cByJ mice and resistant C57BL/6J and AKR/J mice. Depending on the cross, resistance to mousepox virus was shown to be determined by one or more independently assorting autosomal loci with dominant alleles for resistance in AKR/J and C57BL/6J mice and recessive alleles in A/J, BALB/cByJ, and DBA/2J mice. A sexual dimorphism in resistance to disease was also observed.


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Question: Jovian Winds from Voyager 2. Part II: Analysis of Eddy Transports

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Abstract Previous Voyager 1 and 2 Jovian circulation measurements exhibit a large positive correlation between eddy momentum transports and the meridional shear of the zonal wind component, implying a very large rate of conversion of eddy kinetic energy into kinetic energy of the zonal jets. Examination of the vectors mainly responsible for the correlation in our recent Voyager 2 global measurements indicates that it is probably caused by a biased sampling of prominent cloud features associated with circulating eddies. Intensive diagnostic measurements with more nearly uniform spatial sampling show no significant correlation in regions where our original measurements showed strong correlations. If the sampling bias mechanism is fully accounted for in all Jovian circulation measurements, the estimated eddy-to-mean-flow kinetic energy conversion rate may be reduced significantly.

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Introduction 230 I. Investigation of the Nuclear Component of Cosmic Rays with Soviet Satellites and Space Rockets 230 1. Procedure 231 2. Chemical Composition of Cosmic Rays. Fluxes of Nuclei of Different Groups and Their Energy Spectra 234 3. Variations of the Flux of the Nuclear Component of Cosmic Rays and Nuclei of Solar Origin 249 II. Use of Artificial Satellites and Rockets to Investigate the Primary Cosmic Radiation 260 4. Nuclear Component of Galactic Cosmic Rays 260 5. Solar Cosmic Rays and High-latitude Cutoff 262 6. Electron-positron Cosmic-ray Component 263 Literature 266


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Question: On the mechanism of reflection high-energy electron diffraction oscillations studied by phase-locked epitaxy of ZnSe

Abstract Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is one of the most promising methods for growth of sophisticated device structures. Starting the growth on a flat surface, reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) oscillations occur. The question which phase of the oscillations corresponds to lattice plane completion and the most flat surface morphology is not yet fully resolved. There is hardly a direct access to the answer. Phase-locked epitaxy (PLE), however, appears to be a tool for studying this phase problem. PLE permits the growth of layers without losing RHEED oscillations due to damping the thickness of which is great enough to become measurable by common techniques. This enables to compare the directly determined layer thickness with that obtained by counting the number of RHEED oscillation periods. Results are presented that show the phase relation between RHEED oscillations and lattice plane completion.

Multiple coherent scattering may be observed in electron diffraction if the sample under investigation is very thick or its structure is perfectly ordered. Here we report surprising experimental results from ultrathin free-standing crystal-B films of 4-n-pentylbenzenethio-4′-n-tetradecyloxybenzoate (14S5) using electron diffraction. Multiple coherent scattering is observed down to two-layer films. Our result indicates that long-range crystalline order can be developed in a quasi-two-dimensional experimental system.


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Question: Discrimination of random dot texture patterns in bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus

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In order to study the ability of fish to perceive and distinguish textures visually, bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) were trained to discriminate between pairs of artificial texture patterns. Random dot patterns with different statistical dot distributions were presented to the fish as artificial texture patterns. The results indicate that bluegills have the ability to discriminate many pairs of patterns with different statistical features of dot distributions which have different appearance in texture. This suggests that texture could be one of the important visual features bluegill sunfish recognize and utilize.

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This paper presents the preliminary studies on the morphological characters of various kinds of body abnormalities in the rearing period of red sea bream (Pagrosomus major) and discuss the cause of this phenomenon. Body abnormalities of red sea bream includes lordosis, twisted lower jaw, shortened head and undeveloped gill cover. Developmental abnormality of swimbladder may be the major cause of lordosis in Pagrosomus major.


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Question: Integrating health and mental health: opportunities in undergraduate health programs.

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A common goal of mental health professionals is to increase the degree of integration of mental health within the primary health care system. Achieving interpretation of mental health within the larger health care system requires teaching diagnostic and treatment skills, as well as a value orientation which ascribes greater importance to mental health and mental health problems. Teaching a new value orientation is best introduced early in one's educational career rather than postponing such intervention until post-graduate medical residency programs. Results of a survey are presented which indicate the variable mental health content included in undergraduate health related programs. The goal of greater integration between mental health and health can clearly be furthered by beginning to teach this critical value orientation in undergraduate health programs.

Presentation at an East Midlands regional conference on linking action to reduce health inequalities with neighbourhoods renewal.


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Question: Intervenciones públicas en las periferias del sureste madrileño

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This article aims to make a first approach to a comparison between two peripheries of the south-east of Madrid, an informal settlement (Canada Real Galiana) and the new PAUSs that are being developed .This comparison is made possible by the increasing reduction of paper of public administrations, and implies a brief incursion into the concept of urban peripheries.

Evalua en forma critica las politicas economicas aplicadas para afrontar la crisis y sus consecuencias.


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Question: Distributed multilink system for very-high-speed data link control

A protocol control system architecture that provides very high processing performance for gigabit-per-second data communication in a broadband network is described. The architecture connects protocol controllers in parallel and uses a distributed multilink method that features a distributed algorithm for allocating transmission on the transmitting side and a resequencing algorithm on the receiving side. The system performance and the influence of transmission errors caused by cell loss in an asynchronous transfer mode network are evaluated. It is shown that by reducing each controller's distributing overhead, the system increases throughput up to 90 times that achieved when using a single controller. >

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Outlines briefly the applications of microprocessors in mobile radiotelephone systems, telephone switching and dialing, front-end data processing and multiplexer, satellite link, and hard-core communication signal processing.


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Question: A compact THz source for imaging and spectroscopy

We report of a easy-to-use terahertz radiation source, which combines a QCL operating at 3.1 THz with a compact, low-input-power Stirling cooler. The QCL, which is based on a two-miniband design, has been developed for high output powers and low electrical pump power. The whole system weighs less than 15 kg including cooler, power supplies etc. The peak output power is 8 mW at 3.1 THz. The applicability of the system is demonstrated by imaging and molecular spectroscopy experiments.

We focus on the design and technology of Mirau micro-interferometer, which is a key part of MOEMS endomicroscopic probe, operating with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography detection.


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Question: Impact of XBRL on Adopters' Financial Reporting Quality and Cost of Capital

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ABSTRACT We investigate whether corporate governance quality explains differences in financial reporting quality and cost of capital following the XBRL Voluntary Filing Program (VFP) launched by th...

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How to Think About R&D Quality. Organizing for Quality in R&D. Measuring R&D Quality. Assessing R&D Quality Status. Intellectual Property Management Process Improvement. Implementing Quality in Research: A Case Example. Views and Lessons Learned at the Top. References. Index.


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Question: Discrimination of acetone and ammonia vapor using an array of thin-film sensors of the same type

It is shown that a gas mixture can be discriminated by using an array of thin-film semiconductor sensors having variable internal parameters. It is established that a multisensor system consisting of an array of sensors, fabricated by the same technological process but having a spread of active-layer parameters, can discriminate between ammonia and acetone vapor impurities in air.

Abstract A piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance (PQCM) was modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to develop a chemically based sensor for measurements other than the typical mass change in the quartz crystal. Slight conductivity changes in the carbon nanotubes are amplified to obtain a vibrational frequency signal in the crystal. A commercially available quartz crystal microbalance was modified by replacing its electrode with MWCNTs to obtain a sensor with high sensitivity, selectivity, robustness and stability over time. The modified microbalance was successfully used to determine various types of analytes including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes and amines.


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Question: Ensuring Effective Communication in the Diabetes Clinic: Creating a Curve of Remembering

Patient–doctor interview involves exchange of information. Often, consultation may be hurried in resource-constrained settings whereby large quantity of health-related information is delivered to patient in a short period of time. Most people quickly forget what they have heard only once, thus putting into doubt how much of what patients are told, is really comprehended, recalled and thus, acted on. Repeating information, information delivery in staggered format, as well as the use of media for reinforcement helps patients comprehend and recall information better.

Tour 1: Preparation for Departure: Who Am I and How Do I Interact With Others? Tour 2: Preparation for Departure: Building Relationships with Basic Listening Skills Tour 3: Departure: Advanced Facilitation Skills Tour 4: Traveling With a Theory: Integration and Personalization Tour 5: Applying Theory: Assessment and Conceptualization Tour 6: Meeting Clients: Treatment Planning, Progress Monitoring, and Documentation Tour 7: Consolidation: Celebrating the Journey and Preparing to Go Separate Ways


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Question: Investigation of Higgs boson couplings via the production of a single top quark in association with a Higgs boson in the $\text{H} \to \text{b} \bar{\text{b}}$ channel

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A search for the production of a single top quark in association with a Higgs boson is performed using the decay $\text{H} \to \text{b} \bar{\text{b}}$. The rate of this Higgs production mode is particularly sensitive to the relative sign of the Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons. The 2015 pp collisions data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are analyzed. This poster focuses on the discrimination between signal and background events. Upper limits, determined in the two-dimensional plane spanned by the coupling modifiers of the Higgs boson to top quarks and to vector bosons, are presented.

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The contribution of the quantum-chromodynamic (QCD) perturbation diagrams $q+g\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}+q$ and $q+\overline{q}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}+g$ (where $q$,$g$,$\overline{q}$ denote quark, gluon, antiquark) to large-${p}_{T}$ direct $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ production is studied in detail. It is shown that inclusion of QCD scale violations in the $q$, $g$, and $\overline{q}$ distributions reduces the predicted yield for $p+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}+X$ by one order of magnitude. At $\sqrt{s}=53$ GeV and ${p}_{T}\ensuremath{\simeq}10$ GeV, with the experimental inclusive cross section $E \frac{d\ensuremath{\sigma}(p+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}+X)}{{d}^{3}p}\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}36}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{GeV}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, the contribution of these diagrams if found to give a ratio of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ to ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ of 5-15%.


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Question: An efficient numerical method for computing the topological sensitivity of arbitrary-shaped features in plate bending

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The objective of this paper is to introduce an efficient numerical scheme to compute the topological sensitivity (TS) of arbitrary-shaped features in plate bending. The proposed method captures the first-order change in quantities of interest (example: plate compliance) when an arbitrary-shaped feature is created within a plate. Both the theory and algorithms are provided to rapidly compute the feature-specific TS for the classic Kirchhoff–Love plate models. ::: ::: An important application of the proposed method is in design exploration/optimization wherein a designer can explore the impact of including plate features, without recourse to repeated finite element analysis. The proposed method is illustrated and validated through numerical experiments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A formalism is introduced for the non-perturbative, purely numerical, solution of the reduced Rayleigh equation for the scattering of light from two-dimensional penetrable rough surfaces. In the pa ...


Question: Colchiceine as an extractive indicator in the determination of copper(II)

Abstract Colchiceine, a new extractive indicator, is satisfactorily used in the determination of copper(II). A highly sensitive greenish yellow complex is formed with copper, which is extractable into chloroform. The results are comparable in sensitivity and selectivity with those of its precursors.

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A kinetic method was developed for the determination of iodide ions. The method is based on the catalytic effect of iodide ions on the oxidation reaction of o-phenylenediamine with Chloramine B in an acidic solution and has a detection limit of 1 × 10–4 μg/mL. It was demonstrated that the method could be used for the determination of iodides in natural waters.


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Question: Spreading Simulation of Droplet Impact on Solid Surface with CLSVOF Method and Its Experimental Verification

A coupled volume-of-fluid and level set (CLSVOF) method is applied for the simulation of droplet impacting on a solid surface. This two-phase flow approach combines the advantages of VOF and level set (LS) methods. Three cases are listed and simulated by CLSVOF method, and the wettability is evaluated by tracking the three-phase contact line (TPCL). Results showed that the change of liquid spreading ratio with time has a good fit with the experimental results of the above three cases and high accuracy is achieved by CLSVOF method compared with VOF method, which indicated that this model is suitable for researching the wetting problem. The spreading speed on good wettability surfaces is faster than that of on poor wettability surfaces significantly, and the recoiling phenomenon appears after the droplet spreading to its maximum.

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This report contains sections describing: Monte Carlo Calculation of Chemical Potential of a Stockmayer Fluid, Fractional Brownian Diffusion in Molecularly Thin Films, On Spectral Measure and Monte Carlo Approaches to Flow in Heterogeneous Media, Shear Melting of Molecularly-Thin Confined Films, Nonlocal Diffusion and Strain-Induced Liquification at Particulate Media, Hierarchical Problems: Some conceptual Difficulties in the Development of Transport Equations, Application of Multiple-Angle-of-Incidence Ellipsometry to the Study of Thin Films Adsorbed on Surfaces, On Adsorption and Diffusion at Rough Surfaces: A Comparison of Statistical Mechanic, Molecular Dynamics and Kinetic Theory, Fluids in Micropores: Self-Diffusion in a Slit-Pore with Hard Rough Walls, and Nonlocal Transport Theories for Media with Microstructure.


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Question: L-Malic Acid Catabolism by Polyacrylamide Gel Entrapped Leuconostoc Oenos

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To give you a sense - "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'Acoustic parameters (including reverberation time, early decay time, relative sound level, early to late sound ratios, lateral energy fraction, and interaural cross correlation) have been measured in Boettcher Concert Hall. All parameters were measured using different settings of variable architectural features such as acoustic drapes, variable height overhead stage reflectors, and movable stage towers. The monaural parameters were also measured with and without an audience. The effects of the variable features on the acoustic parameters are assessed. The effects of the audience on some of the acoustic parameters have been estimated using standard calculation methods. Calculated differences are compared to those actually measured in the hall. [Work supported by the Concert Hall Research Group.]']" should be close to "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Effects of an audience and variable architectural features on the acoustics of Boettcher Concert Hall']"

Malolactic conversion was attempted with Leuconostoc oenos cells which were immobilized in polyacrilamide gel. The properties of immobilized cells were examined and compared with the properties of free cells. The optimum cell concentration in the gel was 13 percent w/v (wet wt). The optimum pH for activity was 5.25 for both entrapped and free cells. Optimum temperatures were between 40° and 50°C for entrapped cells and between 45° and 55°C for free cells. The malolactic conversion rate by immobilized cells reached 71 percent after 10 minutes in buffered solutions containing 2.25 or 4.5 g/L of L-malic acid at pH 5.6 and about 76 percent after one hour in must at pH 3.3.

Perspectives and Summary 227 Structure 228 Reductases 230 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formaldehyde ...... 233 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formate 240 Reaction of the One-Carbon Unit at the Methyl Leve/ of Oxidation 244 Pterin-Dependent Hydraxy/ations 245


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Question: Sieyès’s Views Concerning Several Articles of Sections IV and V of the Draft Constitution [First Thermidorian Intervention]

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The term constitution refers primarily to the organization of the central public institutions: that part of the political machine invested with legislative authority, as well as the part that emerges from this first one [i.e., the legislature] and which you have placed in a prominent position in order to guarantee the enforcement of laws throughout the Republic. In a representative system, political action is divided into two main parts: ascending actions and descending actions. The former comprise all those acts by which people directly or indirectly name its various representatives, who are charged with making laws, and with their subsequent execution. The latter encompasses all those acts by which those representatives participate in the making or the execution of laws. Political liberty is the same thing as civil liberty, albeit directed at a distinct object. Keywords: constitution; law; legislative authority; political liberty

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For example, '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Atonuje and Okonta in [1] developed the Cooley-Turkey Fast Fourier transform algorithm and its application to the Fourier transform of discretely sampled data points N, expressed in terms of a power y of 2. In this paper, we extend the formalism of [1] Cookey-Turkey Fast Fourier transform algorithm. The method is developed in this paper to guarantee the application of (C-TFFT) algorithm for arbitrary factors say N = P 1 P 2 Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics Vol. 8 2004: pp. 121-124']' should be close to '['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'On the Cooley-Turkey Fast Fourier algorithm for arbitrary factors']'

Contents: The School System - The System of Higher Education - Access and Admission to Higher Education - Appendix: From the Higher Education Framing Law - Decision of the Federal Constitutional Court of 1972.


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Question: Effect and Control Measures of Agricultural Diffused Source Pollution on the Ecological Environment

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For instance, <<['Represent the next text', 'The evidence clearly indicates a temporary retardation in the rate of g:r;owthin weight a:(1d stature, with no effect on adult height. . Case Presentation: In this article we present a case with ADHD on stimulant th~rapy that , had a catch up growth after the discontinuation ,of therapy, then review the literature on possible growth, and suppressing effects of these medications in the long term treatment. Conclusion: Most of the previous studies suggest that the stimulant-assocjated height deficits in ADHD are temporary and early manifestation of ADHD its.elf anduot complication of therapy, and the small risk of lost centimeters may be a price worth paying for many children to gain improved learning and social function.']>>  to "['Represent the next text.', 'Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Growth']"

The survey results show that agricultural non-point source pollution has involved a wide range,dispersion,subtle and strong features,the world has become one of the main water environment pollution.To this end,this paper describes the main agricultural non-point source pollution sources and the impact on the ecological environment,and gives a few agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control measures for the sustainable development of agriculture in order to provide some theoretical basis.

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Mining Non-ferrous Metals The Environmental Impact of Gold Mining in the Brazilian Amazon Revegetation of Metalliferous Wastes and Land After Metal Mining Vegetative Remediation at Superfund Sites Green Coal Mining Methane Emissions from Coal Mining Constructing Ecosystems and Detecting their Connectivity to the Larger Ecological Landscape The Discharge of Waters from Active and Abandoned Mines Environmental Best-practice in Metals Production. Subject Index.


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Constructing derived moduli stacks

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We introduce frameworks for constructing global derived moduli stacks associated to a broad range of problems, bridging the gap between the concrete and abstract conceptions of derived moduli. Our three approaches are via differential graded Lie algebras, via cosimplicial groups, and via quasicomonoids, each more general than the last. Explicit examples of derived moduli problems addressed here are finite schemes, polarised projective schemes, torsors, coherent sheaves and finite group schemes.

The paper shows how to specify preferred parameterizations on ::: homogeneous curves, results are applied to distinguished curves ::: in parabolic geometries


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Question: Primary Follicular Lymphoma in a Male Breast: A Case Report

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"['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The trans-Pacific high data rate (TP-HDR) satellite communications experiment was proposed at the Japan-U.S. Cooperation in Space (JUCS) Program Workshop held in Hawaii in 1993 and remote high definition video post-production was demonstrated as the first phase trial. ATM-based 45 Mbps trans-Pacific link was established in the first phase, and the following experiments with 155 Mbps was planned as the phase 2. This paper describes the experimental network configuration and project plan of TP-HDR experiment phase 2. Additional information is provided in the original.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Trans-Pacific HDR Satellite Communications Experiment Phase-2 Project Plan and Experimental Network']"

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare disease, particularly in males. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most common PBL, while follicular lymphoma is less common. Furthermore, primary follicular lymphoma of a male breast is rarely reported. We report a male patient with primary follicular lymphoma of the breast and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A 46-year-old man was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis secondary to chronic hepatitis B infection. Ten years later, he underwent segmentectomy of the liver due to HCC. Another 5 months later, he presented with a painless mass in the right chest wall. The mass was diagnosed as follicular lymphoma of the breast. The stage was IEA and he did not receive adjuvant therapy. Although only a few cases have been reported, lymphoma should be considered as a possible cause of breast mass, even in male patients.

Increasing Rate of Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS in Iranian Chil-dren: An Alarm for Health Policymakers


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Question: An improved initial codebook generating method-orthogonal increment splitting algorithm

This paper present a comparison of three main algorithms generating initial codebooks with reference to the convergence accuracy and speed. With both the elements considered, splitting methods are found to be more advantageous. Through a study of the common splitting method, an improved one-the orthogonal increment splitting algorithm is proposed. The new method can better utilize the symmetrical property of the speech or image sources, and endow the codewords of the initial codebook with a better distribution in the source space compared with the previous splitting method. The experimental results have confirmed the advantages of the new method, which can effectively eliminate the empty cells and non-typical codewords that may appear in the iteration process, thus achieving a better performance in both convergence speed and accuracy.

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A very low complexity algorithm for ordering based on the MMSE criterion and detecting based on the QR decomposition of sorted channel matrix in BLAST architectures is presented. The algorithm needs only a fraction of computational effort compared to the standard ordering MMSE algorithm and achieves suboptimal performance.


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Question: The ranking of alternative tariff and quota policies in the presence of domestic monopoly

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E.g. ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Treballs Finals de Grau de Fisica, Facultat de Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2014, Tutor: Jorge G. Russo'] == ['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Classical String Dynamics in Curved Backgrounds']

Abstract Bhagwati demonstrated the nonequivalence between tariffs and quotas in the presence of monopoly. This paper also assumes domestic production to be monopolized and shows that giving import licenses or tariff revenues to the domestic producer may raise or lower the welfare cost of protection and the price paid by consumers from the price under other tariff and quota arrangements which maintain the same market share for the domestic producer. However, if the monopolist realizes that commercial policy is an instrument used to maximize the policymaker's welfare function, instead of being a goal in itself, the equivalence of tariffs and quotas re-emerges.

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The goal of this paper is to determine the role market structure has on rms’ investment responses to scal policies. We focus our analysis on the rst implementation


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Question: Self-Coherent Systems for Short Reach Transmission

We review self-coherent receiver schemes that enable >100 Gb/s per-wavelength transmission over ∼100 km of fiber. We discuss in detail recent progress on Kramers-Kronig receivers.

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These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Method for modifying safety- and/or security-relevant control devices in a motor vehicle, and a corresponding apparatus

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus comprising the monitoring (10) of the control device (110). If a critical event occurs during monitoring (10) of the control device (110), the control device (110) is transferred (20) into a safe state, and it is determined (30) whether a problem solution is available for the event that has occurred by means of a parameter modification of the control device (110) in a problem-solving database (410). If the problem solution is available, a parameter data set (411) is provided (40). In this regard, the parameter data set (411) comprises parameter information (413) relating to a parameter (111) to be modified of the control device. If the parameter information (413) for the control device (110) is valid, the parameter (111) is modified (60) according to the parameter information (413) and the control device (110) is released (70) from the safe state.

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The invention relates to a method for determining a parking position for a vehicle, comprising the steps of: - determining a vehicle geometry and a mobility parameter of the vehicle, - selecting a parking position for the vehicle from a variety of parking positions, a parking lot, depending on the vehicle geometry and the mobility parameter. The invention further relates to a corresponding device, a parking system and a computer program.


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Question: ONC seeks input on meaningful use stage 3 criteria

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Government advisory committees are starting to develop rules for stage 3 meaningful use for EHR systems--and they want your input. Find out how you can make your voice heard.

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Robert Tennant of the Medical Group Management Association explains the ins and outs of CMS extending its hardship exception regarding meaningful use technology.


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Question: [Rat immunoreactivity in experimental modeling of acute autohemorrhagic bihemispheric stroke in the presence of staphylococcal infection].

Experimental studies were made of rat immunoreactivity in experimental modeling of acute hemorrhagic stroke in staphylococcal infection. Bactericidal activity and reserve bactericidal activity of neutrophils in NBT-test enhance while mid-molecular CIC level decreases because of phagocyte activation. ABA high titers in blood reflect activation of autoimmune processes. Splenic mass increased suggesting activation of proliferation of splenic lymphoid cells or enhanced migration of immature lymphoid cells from bone marrow to the spleen. Experimental animals had suppressed functional activity of main lymphoid cells populations in blast-transformation reaction which may affect the course of early recovery, promote activation of infectious bacterial process, autoaggression. The results of the studies can serve the basis for further investigations of immune mechanisms involved in development of hemorrhagic stroke in the presence of infectious process.

A patient with the clinical diagnosis of brain abcess presented with a CT brain scan showing an intracerebral hematoma. Subsequently bilateral spontaneous hyperdense lesions appeared. Autopsy showed the typical findings of viral encephalitis probably due to herpes simplex. It is stressed that the differential diagnosis of intracerebral hematoma includes viral encephalitis in the proper clinical setting.


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Question: Public Library Futures—Reality—Recognition—Reimagination

ABSTRACTThe author of this article recognizes that massive and rapid change is a continuing feature in big libraries, and many of the changes are new: A social worker is a full-time staff member who helps other staff to sort out and deliver the best possible services to vulnerable populations, health care specialists who help plan health programs and provide direction to staff referrals to needed medical services, and librarians specially trained to help early childhood users prepare to be good learners in school. Working on this change agenda, library staff have learned that the library’s future work is not bound up by the limits of its “stuff” (i.e., owned or rented materials) or buildings but rather to the many communities of Philadelphia people whose economic, social, and cultural needs needed to be met.

AbstractThe following sections are included:OriginsThe MechanismsConceptualising the TechniquesWhat Role do These Systems Play?Supply Performance Measurement in the Modern ContextSummaryAcknowledgments


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Question: [Extrauterine pregnancy: epidemiology and etiology].

The aim of the present study is to determine the epidemiological characteristics and etiological factors of ectopic pregnancy. The pool of women at risk is determined by different factors such as contraceptive practices, fertility rate, sterilization, gynecological and pelvic infection. Serological evidence of previous Chlamydia infection was much more common when ectopic pregnancy occurred in abnormal tubes than in normal tubes or compared to intrauterine pregnancies. The influence of endometriosis and ovarian cyst was limited to a very few cases. The analysis of contraceptive habits shows a much higher number of extrauterine pregnancies (45%) when the woman is using progestin-only pill than when she is on combined oral tablets (20%). This higher rate of ectopic gestation can be interpreted to suggest either that the POP might be less effective in preventing ectopic than intrauterine pregnancies or that the POP can delay ovum transport by inhibiting the motility of the fallopian tube.

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper. Fewshot example: "['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title!', 'Federally Qualified Health Centers--commonly referred to as Community Health Centers (CHCs)--serve as critical safety net providers for those who are uninsured or who may become uninsured. This policy brief reports the findings from the Remaining Uninsured Access to Community Health Centers (REACH) research project, which sought to identify the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on the ability of CHCs to serve the remaining uninsured. We examined strategies undertaken by CHCs in four states to reinforce the local safety net through partnerships, improvements to the local health system, and advocacy. With the uncertainties about whether Medicaid expansion will be continued or will be handed over to the states with limited oversight, partnerships both among CHCs and between CHCs and others in the health care system and beyond may become even more important.']" == "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Partnership Strategies of Community Health Centers: Building Capacity in Good Times and Bad.']"

A 68 year old woman with primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma, impairement of general status and right upper quadrant pain was diagnosed with liver tumor by sonography, CT scan and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Angiograms showed a hypervascular tumor. The patient was treated by hepatic transplantation but died 15 days after operation. The diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was established by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies; the primary nature was confirmed by necropsy. Diagnostic and therapeutic features of primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma--the 19th case reported in the literature--are discussed.


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Question: Severe illness caused by the products of bacterial metabolism in a child with a short gut

An 8-year-old boy with a short gut had six episodes of metabolic acidosis and neurological dysfunction over a 1 month period. The neurological features consisted of a depressed conscious state, confusion, aggressive behaviour, slurred speech and ataxia. The organic acid profile of urine demonstrated increased amounts of lactic, 3-hydroxypropionic, 3-hydroxyisobutyric, 2-hydroxyisocaproic, phenyllactic, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic and 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acids. Of the lactic acid 99% was d-lactic acid. The anaerobic gut flora consisted almost entirely of Lactobacilli in unusually large numbers. A course of vancomycin prevented further episodes. A urinary organic acid profile may be diagnostic when a person with a short gut develops metabolic acidosis or an unusual encephalopathy and bacterial metabolites should be considered in other patients with unusual combinations of organic acids in the urine.

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Abstract A child who died after a 3-day illness was found to have acute encephalopathy and visceral fatty infiltration. Evidence obtained suggested that the patient's illness and death were caused by poisoning with a commercial paint-thinner.


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Question: The influence of L-4-oxalysine on carbon tetrachloride-induced changes in drug-metabolizing enzyme activity of mouse liver.

1. Carbon tetrachloride (0.2 ml/kg) and L-4-oxalysine (200 mg/kg per day for two days) were administered to male mice separately, and together, and the liver drug-metabolizing parameters measured. 2. Carbon tetrachloride alone depleted hepatic microsomal protein content by 50% and cytosolic sulphydryl compounds by 90%; oxalysine alone had no effect. 3. Microsomal cytochrome P-450 was decreased by 60%, cytochrome b5 by 30%, ethylmorphine N-demethylation by 50% and 7-ethyoxycoumarin O-deethylation by 80% following carbon tetrachloride administration; oxalysine had no effect on these losses. 4. After administration of carbon tetrachloride, cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity was decreased by 16%; this effect was not seen when oxalysine and carbon tetrachloride were given together. Oxalysine alone slightly increased this enzyme activity.

Summary1. It was shown that adult germfree rats did not excrete detectable amounts of phenyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate. Total urinary excretion of phenol by this type of animal was also low. 2. Urinary excretion of a large number of other ester sulphates was uninfluenced by bacterial activity in the gut. 3. No difference in the activity of liver enzymes sulphurylating phenol and dehydroepiandrosterone was found in germfree and conventional rats within the same age group. Nor were there differences between these 2 types of rats with respect to the capacity of their sulphate-activating liver enzymes.


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Question: Effects of fissioning nuclei distributions on fragment mass distributions for high energy fission

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We study the effects of fissioning nuclei mass- and energy-distributions on the formation of fragments for fission induced by high energy probes. A Monte Carlo code called CRISP was used for obtaining mass distributions and spectra of the fissioning nuclei for reactions induced by 660 MeV protons on 241 Am and on 239 Np, by 500 MeV protons on 208 Pb, and by Bremsstrahlung photons with end-point energies at 50 MeV and 3500 MeV on 238 U. The results show that even at high excitation energies, asymmetric fission may still contribute significantly to the fission cross section of actinide nuclei, while it is the dominante mode in the case of lead. However, more precise data for high energy fission on actinide are necessary in order to allow definite conclusions.

Proton and {alpha}-particle energy spectra were measured in coincidence with evaporation residues from 252 and 295 MeV {sup 58}Ni+{sup 112}Sn fusion reactions. Residues were separated from the beam using an electrostatic deflector and detected with surface barrier detectors. Light charged particles were detected with arrays of NaI detectors. Statistical model calculations based on standard parameter choices reproduce the spectra from the cold, low spin {sup 170}Pt{sup *} system. The effects of employing different methods of calculating transmission coefficients were explored. The optical model, ingoing wave boundary condition model, and a simple one-dimensional barrier penetration model from a fusion systematics analysis produce comparable satisfactory predictions. The Hill-Wheeler approximation for transmission coefficients gives unrealistic results for protons.


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Question: Development of SCAR Marker Linked to Cucumber Anthracnose Resistance-related Gene from an AFLP Marker

The co-dominant AFLP marker of anthracnose resistance-related gene of cucumber was con- verted into co-dominant SCAR marker successfully.After sequencing of the AFLP marker fragment,two pairs of primers were designed according to the nucleotide sequence.PCR results from cucumber genomic DNA showed the two primer pairs (1 and 2) could amplify two band types with the size of 131 bp/125 bp and 178 bp/172 bp,respectively.Both 131 bp band and 178 bp band were the character band of anthracnose resist- ance phenotype.These SCAR markers were designated as SCEM131/125 and SCEM178/172.Anthracnose resistance of F_2 and some resistant and susceptible cucumber lines were tested by SCAR markers,and the re- suits indicated that the resistance tested was consisitent with their field performance by 97.27%,which further confirmed the feasibility of the SCAR markers in MAS for cucumber anthracnose.

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Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-0428 / Structural Frontal Abnormalities in Idiopathic Dystonia Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging" by: "H. M. Sakr; Cairo/EG"


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Question: Synthesis,characterization and magnetism of copper(II)-lan-thanide(III) heterobimetalic complexes with N,N’-oxamidobis-(benzoato) cuprate (II)

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Seven new μ-oxamido copper(Ⅱ)-lanthanide(Ⅲ)hetero-bitnetalic complexes described by the fonnula Cu(obbz)Ln-(Ph-phen)2NO3(Ln=La,Nd,Eu,Gd,Tb,Ho,Er),where obbz denotes the oxamidobis(benzoato)and Ph-phen represents 5-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline,have been synthesized and characterized by the elemental analyses,spectro-scopic(IR,UV,ESR)studies,magnetic moments(at room temperature)and molar conductivity measurement.The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of Cu(obbz)Gd(Ph-phen)2NO3 complex has been measured over the range 4.2-300 K.The least-squares fit of the experimental susceptibilities based on the spin Hamiltonian operator,H=-2JS1 S2,yielded J=+1.28 cm-1,a weak ferromagnetic coupling.A plausible mechanism for a ferromagnetic coupling between Gd(Ⅲ)-Cu(Ⅱ)is discussed in terms of spin-polarization.

Abstract Monoformyl-tris-( p -Bu t )calix[4]arene was synthesised and reacted in smooth conditions with phosphonium salts of 6-bromomethyl-6′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine and 2-chloromethyl-pyridine, affording the corresponding conjugated mono-armed macrocycles.


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Question: Fluorinated diamondlike carbon templates for high resolution nanoimprint lithography

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Nanoimprint templates were fabricated from diamondlike carbon (DLC) films grown on Si, using negative-tone e-beam lithography and oxygen plasma etching. An antiadhesion coating was provided through fluorocarbon-based plasma treatment, which was found to form a Teflon-like thin layer on the treated DLC surface. The fluorinated templates were used to imprint arrays of dots with diameters down to 10nm in polymethyl-methacrylate. Application of the fluorocarbon plasma treatment was also demonstrated in the antiadhesion treatment of the nanoimprint resist and in elastomer molding.

We report the etching properties of tripodal paraffinic triptycene (TripC12) used as a thermal nanoimprint lithography (TNIL) resist mask in Cl2 plasma etching. Using thermally nanoimprinted TripC12 films, we achieved microfabrication of a GaAs substrate by Cl2-based inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the chemical structure of TripC12 remains intact after the ICP etching process using Cl2. We believe that TNIL using TripC12 films is useful for fabricating optical/electrical devices and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMSs).


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Question: On Tourism Core Competition Capacity of Yunnan

Through the analysis based on HAP and Starry Sky Map,the tourism core competition capacity of Yunnan depends on natural landscape,human culture resources and tourism achievement.Besides the above three factors,Yunnan should pay more attention to importing and breeding the tourism management and technology.Otherwise,Yunnan tourism will depend on nothing in the future.

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Foreward Ratan N Tata - Ratan N Tata Preface India Inclusive Turning Points Learning Fields Crises of Aspiration Looking for a Crisis of Aspiration Changing Our Clocks New Ways The Tower of Babbling Shaping India Bibliography Index


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Question: Decreased topoisomerase IIα expression confers increased resistance to ICRF-193 as well as VP-16 in mouse embryonic stem cells

To elucidate the relationship between topoisomerase (topo) II expression and sensitivity to anti-topo II drugs in mammalian cells, we generated mouse embryonic stem cell mutants heterozygous for the topo IIα gene by gene targeting. The level of topo IIα in the heterozygous cells reduced to one-half of that found in wild-type cells, while topo IIβ levels were similar in both cell types. Importantly, the heterozygous cells exhibited an increased resistance to ICRF-193 as well as VP-16, suggesting that ICRF-193, like VP-16, exerts its cytotoxicity through converting topo II to a poison.

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13515 Background: Flavopiridol, a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, enhances oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells in vitro, especially with concurrent therapy. Signifi...


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Question: Order-disorder morphologies in rapidly solidified ε/ε′-Ni5Ge3 intermetallic

Abstract Congruently melting, single-phase Ni5Ge3 (Tm = 1185 °C) has been rapidly solidified via drop-tube processing wherein powders, with diameters between 850 - 53 μm, are produced. At low cooling rates (850–150 μm diameter particles, 700–7800 K s−1) the dominant solidification morphology, revealed after etching, is that of isolated plate & lath microstructure in an otherwise featureless matrix. At higher cooling rates (150–53 μm diameter particles, 7800–42000 K s−1) the dominant solidification morphology is that of isolated faceted hexagonal crystallites, again imbedded within a featureless matrix. Selected area diffraction analysis in the TEM reveals the plate & lath, and isolated hexagonal crystallites, are a disordered variant of e-Ni5Ge3, whilst the featureless matrix is the ordered variant of the same compound. Thermal analysis and in situ heating in the TEM indicate a reversible solid-state order-disorder transformation between 470 - 485 °C.

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ABSTRACTThe yield drop phenomenon observed in the Ti–15V-3Al–3Sn-3Cr (Ti–15–3) beta-titanium alloy and its anomalous behaviour in the boron and carbon added Ti–15–3 alloys have been studied. While ...


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Question: Use of the Dot-Blot Immunogold Assay to Identify a Proliferative Antigen in the Initial Cells of a Wheat Stem Meristem

Abstract We have devised a protocol for the isolation and identification of a proliferative antigen of the initial cells of wheat stem meristems (termed PAI). We have carried out a variety of immunochemical and immunocytochemical methods, using colloidal gold (CG) complexed with monospecific antibodies to PAI as the marker for the detection of PAI. We have been able to determine the effectiveness of immunoaffinity chromatography in isolating PAI from plant tissues and have shown the advantages of CG over enzyme labels for identification of the antigen. Finally, we have obtained a purified preparation of PAI and have determined its molecular mass (∼83 kDa).

Preface Synaptic Plasticity: Physiology and Neurological Disease Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory Based on Research on Ca 2 +/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Synaptic Plasticity: Emerging Role for Endocannabinoid System The Presence of Perforated Synapses in the Striatum after Dopamine Depletion. Is this a sign of Negative Brain Plasticity? Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in the Cerebellum Seizure-Induced Synaptic Plasticity: Understanding Synaptic Reorganisation Synaptic Plasticity in Cocaine Addiction Synaptic Plasticity in the Medical Prefrontal Cortex Cellular Cognition: A Focus on LTP and LTD in the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Synaptic Plasticity and Mnemonic Encoding by Hippocampal Formation Place Cells Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity by the Scaffolding Protein Spinophilin Dopamine-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in the Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Thalamocortical Loops as Mechanism of Visual Attention Index.


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Question: A Model of Mizar Concepts - Unification

Summary. The aim of this paper is to develop a formal theory of Mizar linguistic concepts following the ideas from [6] and [7]. The theory presented is an abstraction from the existing implementation of the Mizar system and is devoted to the formalization of Mizar expressions. The concepts formalized here are: standarized constructor signature, arity-rich signatures, and unification of Mizar expressions.

Radio Chinese - Calm Radio Feng Shui - OnLine the Internet Translation from Canada Markem - №70


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Question: Estimating individual risk for lung cancer.

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Lung cancer risk prediction models hold the promise of improving patient care and streamlining research. The ultimate goal of these models is to inform clinicians as to which interventions their individual patients should receive to reduce lung cancer-associated morbidity and mortality. In this paper, we discuss the history and current state of lung cancer prediction models, focusing on three models: the Bach model, the Spitz model, and the Liverpool Lung Project (LLP) model. We also discuss the prospects for further development of improved prediction models for lung cancer risk. Although current models can identify those smokers at highest risk for lung cancer, these models are presently of limited use in the clinical setting. Nevertheless, lung cancer risk prediction models can be used during study enrollment to select more appropriate study subjects, and may eventually be useful in identifying patients for lung cancer screening or to receive chemoprevention.

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Introduction There are few studies assessing the role played by susceptibility factors on mortality related to long term exposure to air pollution. The objective of this study is to estimate the ri...


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Question: Respiration and Phosphorus Excretion in Some Marine Populations

The rate of oxygen consumption and the rate of excretion of phosphate and of total phosphorus were simultaneously measured in No. 2—net plankton, oysters, and sea anemones. There was a high positive correlation between respiration and phosphate excretion, with a characteristic O:P ratio for all plankton populations but different ratios for the other organisms. Zooplankton excrete a high proportion of organic phosphorus and have a low O:P ratio, which suggests that they do not oxidize food completely. From observations such as these it is possible to estimate phosphorus flux through a population from respiration data, or the reverse. See full-text article at JSTOR

Nutritional Ecology of Forb Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Insect Folivores of Woody Plants: Nitrogen, Water, Fiber and Mineral Considerations Nutritional Ecology of Grass Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Phytophagous Mites Nutritional Ecology of Lichen/Moss Arthropods Nutritional Ecology of Arthropod Gall-Makers Nutritional Ecology of Bruchid Beetles Nutritional Ecology of Seed-Sucking Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product and House Dust Mites Ecology of Nectar and Pollen Feeding in Lepidoptera.


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Question: Prognostic relevance of minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer

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Presence of occult minimal residual disease in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) has a strong prognostic impact on survival. Minimal residual disease plays a major role in disease relapse and formation of metastases in CRC. Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the blood is increasingly used in clinical practice for disease monitoring of CRC patients. In this review article the role of CTC, disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow and micrometastases and isolated tumor cells (ITC) in the lymph nodes will be discussed, including literature published until September 2013. Occult disease is a strong prognostic marker for patient survival in CRC and defined by the presence of CTC in the blood, DTC in the bone marrow and/or micrometastases and ITC in the lymph nodes. Minimal residual disease could be used in the future to identify patient groups at risk, who might benefit from individualized treatment options.

5107 Background: The purpose of this study was to compare molecular marker expression and clinical outcomes in patients treated for malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT) of the ovary with previou...


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The provided query could be '['Represent the next text', 'Transformer-less Series Voltage Sag Compensator Without Energy Storage Capacitor for Three-phase three-line Systems']' and the positive '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'A novel main circuit topology of transformer-less series voltage sag compensator is proposed. The sagged voltages are compensated by half bridge inverters, which are directly connected in series with the residual voltages and are charged by the residual line-to-line voltages. The proposed compensator can compensate symmetrical three-phase sags down to 37%, or one or two phase sags down to zero if at least one phase is rated voltage. Besides the excellent compensation property related to the compensating depth, the proposed system only need small capacitance in the inverters because they are continuously charged by the residual voltages during the sags. In fact the capacitors are not energy storers but filters, so there is no limit on their compensating time interval. Theoretical analysis is done and the concerned results are derived. Simulation results on resistance loads demonstrated the compensating performances.']' and the negative '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.']'

Question: The lattice of Fitting classes which are right extensible by soluble groups

In this paper we study the set of Fitting classes which are right extensible by soluble groups ordered by the inclusion relation. The consideration of the associated lattices gives rise to new Fitting classes and it allows to obtain some injectivity criteria for general Fitting classes.

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For example, ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A microstrip patch antenna sensor was studied for shear sensing with a targeted application of measuring plantar shear distribution on a diabetic foot. The antenna shear sensor consists of three components, namely an antenna patch, a soft foam substrate and a slotted ground plane. The resonant frequency of the antenna sensor is sensitive to the overlapping length between the slot in the ground plane and the antenna patch. A shear force applied along the direction of the slot deforms the foam substrate and causes a change in the overlapping length, which can be detected from the antenna frequency shift. The antenna shear sensor was designed based on simulated antenna frequency response and validated by experiments. Experimental results indicated that the antenna sensor exhibits high sensitivity to shear deformation and responds to the applied shear loads with excellent linearity and repeatability.'] should be similar to ['', 'Shear sensing based on a microstrip patch antenna']

Abstract In this paper we determine the cardinality of the quasi-kernel of finite near-vector spaces and using this formula we count the number of subspaces of finite near-vector spaces.


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Question: A Simple Technique for Calculating Shakedown Loads in Pressure Vessels

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A fundamental examination has been made of the post-yield behaviour at discontinuities in pressure vessels with a view to determining shakedown loads. The results of this indicate that a simple graphical construction can be devised whereby such loads are easily determined with only a knowledge of the elastic stresses and a yield criterion; in particular, a ‘five line construction’ method is suggested which can be applied to a wide range of engineering stress problems.The method is exemplified by a study of shakedown loads for both flush cylinder-sphere and cylinder-cylinder intersections under internal pressure, and the implications of the results in terms of current design philosophies are discussed.

* Heat and Engineering Science * Internal Combustion Engines * Fuels, Lubricants - Treatment and Storage * Combustion and Fuel-Injection Systems * Scavenge, Exhaust, Pressure-Charging Systems * Construction Materials, Welding, Materials Testing * Bedplates, Frames, Guides, Scavenge Trunks, Cylinder Jackets * Cylinder Liners, Cylinder Heads, Valves * Pistons, Piston Rods, Piston Skirs, Piston Rings * Crankshafts, Camshafts, Connecting-Rods, Crossheads, Slippers * Starting and Reversing * Reduction Gearing, Clutches, Couplings * Line Shafting, Screw Shafts, Propellers, Thrust Bearings * Engine and Shafting Alignment * Heat Exchangers, Cooling Systems, Lubricating Systems * Air Compressors, Air Storage Tanks * Balancing and Vibration * Instrumentation and Controls * Safety * Index.


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Question: Mitochondrial dysfunction and cell senescence: cause or consequence?

The mitochondrial theory of aging remains to date one of the most popular theories of aging. One major model of aging is replicative senescence, where the irreversible loss of division potential of somatic cells occurs after a more or less constant number of cell divisions. Few data are available concerning the role of mitochondria in this model. Here, we review evidence supporting the involvement of mitochondria in replicative senescence and a possible link to telomere biology. Moreover, we suggest that this process might be more complex than originally formulated, because variations in nuclear gene expression involved in mitochondrion nucleus cross-talk are observed in both senescence and immortalization.

Introduction ::: The antioxidant Taurine found to display antineoplastic effect through down regulation of angiogenesis and enhancement of tumor cell apoptosis. It has been found that progressive inhibition of apoptosis and induction of angiogenesis may contribute to tumor initiation, growth and metastasis in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.


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Question: Solar neutrino results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Abstract Solar neutrinos from the decay of 8 B have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) via the charged-current (CC) reaction on deuterium and by the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The CC reaction is sensitive exclusively to electron neutrinos while the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to muon and tau neutrinos. In addition, SNO has the capability to provide a measurement of the flux of all active neutrino flavours via the neutral-current (NC) reaction on deuterium. The flux of electron neutrinos from 8 B decays measured by the CC reaction and the flux of the ES reaction, assuming no flavour transformation, will be presented. These flux measurements provide evidence that there is a non-electron flavour active neutrino component in the solar flux. The total flux of active 8 B neutrinos will be presented and shown to be in good agreement, with predictions of solar models.

We focus on the implications of the oscillations for the shape of nuclear β-spectrum (=direct search for ν mass). This is of interest because of the existing bound, mνe < 2.2 eV, that could improve by one order of magnitude with future experiments. We stress important connections with the results of Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND), νe disappearance experiments, supernova (SN) neutrinos and neutrinoless double beta decay (0ν2β).


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Question: Eolian-derived siltstone in the Upper Permian Phosphoria Formation: Implications for marine upwelling

Previously described organic-rich shale facies of the Meade Peak Member of the Phosphoria Formation at Soda Springs, Idaho, consist of well-sorted, laminated siltstone containing little or no clay. The planar-parallel fabric preserved in many of the siltstone beds suggests suspension settling onto the outer shelf or upper slope, most likely under low oxygen conditions. Evidence for transport of silt to the depositional site by sediment gravity flows is absent, as are sandstone beds. We propose that Meade Peak siltstone facies record subaqueous deposition of windborne silt that was transported southward from central Montana. As such, they provide the first direct geologic evidence of a wind regime favorable for marine upwelling, the process commonly postulated to have localized the deposition of Permian phosphatic sediments. They may also provide indirect evidence of upwind eolian sand transport at that time.

Application of sequence stratigraphic concepts to seismic reflection profiles from the Bransfield Basin indicates that this modern backarc basin began to form during the waning stages of subduction at the South Shetland Trench at about 4 Ma. Two distinct systems tracts stack to form depositional sequences; organic-rich hemipelagic sediments drape the basin during highstands/interglacial periods, whereas large volumes of glacially eroded terrigenous sediments prograde into the basin during lowstands/glacial maxima. Although the juxtaposition of organic-rich diatomaceous muds with the high heat flow of the backarc spreading system is favorable for the generation of hydrocarbons, reservoir quality sands and suitable traps have yet to be identified.


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Provided: ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Antibodies to MMTV-related antigen in breast cancer patients of different ages'] Match: ['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The proportion of women with breast cancer in whom circulating antibodies to mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-related antigen were detected by indirect immunofluorescence was found to increase with advancing age of patients. The incidence of patients with breast cancer in whom these antibodies were not detected increased up to age 40; in older patients it was essentially independent of age. This observation suggests that the higher incidence of breast cancer among older women in the general population correlates with a subset of patients in whom circulating antibodies to MMTV can be demonstrated.'] Hard Negative: ['Represent this text', '. The red cell Bga antigen and the presence of EB virus antibody were determined in a group of children of mixed ages. Evidence of previous infection with EB virus does not correlate with the degree of expression of the Bga antigen on red cells.']

Question: Dose effects in ion implanted compound semiconductors

In this work a Monte-Carlo method of dynamical type is used to simulate the alteration of compound semiconductor targets of the III–V group, that is GaAs in InP, bombarded with Bi+and Si+. In the model account is taken of the presence of strains in the lattice and the results describe their effects on the behaviour of the ions and on the formation of point defects and of concentration imbalances.

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The use of lasers in industrial material processing is discussed in reviews and reports. Sections are devoted to high-precision laser machining, deposition methods, ablation and polymers, and synthesis and oxidation. Particular attention is given to laser cutting of steel sheets, laser micromachining of material surfaces, process control in laser soldering, laser-induced CVD of doped Si stripes on SOS and their characterization by piezoresistivity measurements, laser CVD of Pt spots on glass, laser deposition of GaAs, UV-laser photoablation of polymers, ArF excimer-laser ablation of HgCdTe semiconductor, pulsed laser synthesis of Ti silicides and nitrides, the kinetics of laser-assisted oxidation of metallic films, and excimer-laser-assisted etching of solids for microelectronics.


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Question: New Conditions for the Existence of Infinitely Many Solutions for a Quasi-Linear Problem

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In this paper we study a quasi-linear elliptic problem coupled with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We propose a new set of assumptions ensuring the existence of infinitely many solutions.

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Inversion of Finite Toeplitz Matrices.- Inversion of Finite ToeplitzMatrices Consisting of Elements of a Noncommutative Algebra.- Matrix Integral Operators on a Finite Interval with Kernels Depending on the Difference of the Arguments.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. I. The Resultant Operator for Matrix Polynomials.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. II. The Continual Analogue of the Resultant Operator.- The Spectrum of Singular Integral Operators in L p Spaces.- On an Algebra Generated by the Toeplitz Matrices in the Spaces h p .- On Singular Integral Equations with Unbounded Coefficients.- Singular Integral Equations with Continuous Coefficients on a Composed Contour.- On a Local Principle and Algebras Generated by Toeplitz Matrices.- The Symbol of Singular Integral Operators on a Composed Contour.- One-dimensional Singular Integral Operators with Shift.- Algebras of Singular Integral Operators with Shift.


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Question: Does your pharmacy have a compounding isolator

Isolators are perceived as an infallible engineering control that is a cost-effective alternative to the use of laminar-airflow workstations and cleanrooms. However, this assumption is made without independent performance-based testing in place. Limited manufacturer validation and broad regulatory

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Gone are the days when the sole duty of a pharmacist consisted of accurately filling and dispensing prescription drugs. Today, the role of the pharmacist in the health care system has taken on a greater significance. Traditionally, the physician had the sole responsibility to monitor and counsel the drug consumption of a patient. However, recent changes in the education of the pharmacist, technology, direct-to-consumer advertising, and the competitive nature of the pharmaceutical market has altered the scope of liability on the part of the pharmacist.


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Question: Pasting the Walls; a celebration of 21st century wallpaper

Wallpaper’s popularity has waxed and waned ever since it was first used in Britain in the early 16th Century. However, whilst papered walls may often have been unfashionable, they have never quite disappeared and for the last decade, wallpaper has been firmly back in the fashion spotlight. Its staying power is partly down to our innate desire to decorate the walls that surround us, but its recent rehabilitation is due almost entirely to the pasting the walls: a celebration of 21st century wallpaper newark park select extraordinary creativity of contemporary wallpaper designers. Embracing every technique from the most traditional hand blocking to the latest in digital magic these designers are creating artworks on a roll. This exhibition is a celebration of their skill.

Images taken by Library staff of an exhibit from February 2008 exploring the political ::: process of primaries.


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Question: Apoptosis induction and histological changes in rat kidney following Cd-doped silica nanoparticle exposure: evidence of persisting effects

AbstractHistological and immunocytochemical methods were used to examine rat’s renal responses to intratracheal (i.t.) instillation of model cadmium-containing silica nanoparticles (Cd-SiNPs) and also exploring whether these potential modifications would be associated with toxicogenomic changes. Renal effects of Cd-SiNPs (1 mg/rat), CdCl2 (400 µg/rat), SiNPs (600 µg/rat) or 0.1 ml saline (control), assessed 7 and 30 d post-i.t., included (i) induction of apoptosis, (ii) cell proliferation and (iii) the overall toxic response evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry as well as Periodic acid Schiff and Hematoxylin & Eosin, respectively. Area-specific apoptosis was observed in all treatment groups, the cortex and inner medulla being the most affected regions: the apoptotic changes were apparent seven days post-exposure in both areas and were still observable in inner medulla at day 30. Apoptotic ...

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Epidemiologic studies document relationships between chromium VI (CrVI) exposure and increased risk of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, preterm birth, and neonatal death in pregnant women. Environmental contamination with CrVI is a growing problem both in the United States and developing countries. CrVI is widely used in numerous industries. This study was designed to understand the mechanism of CrVI toxicity on placental oxidative stress and antioxidant (AOX) machinery. Pregnant mother rats were treated with or without CrVI (50 ppm K2Cr2O7) through drinking water from gestational day (GD) 9.5-14.5, and placentas were analyzed on GD 18.5. Results indicated that CrVI reduced the trophoblast cell population. CrVI increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the expression of AOX proteins. CrVI disrupts the trophoblast proliferation of the placenta. This study provides insight into the critical role of AOXs in placental function.


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Question: The complete mitochondrial genome of Lumbricus rubellus (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) and its phylogenetic analysis

AbstractThe complete mitochondrial genome of Lumbricus rubellus was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. The mitogenome was 15,464 bp in length, comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tra...

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Infection of the whale tapeworm Diplogonoporus balaenopterae (Diphyllobothriidae) is occasionally found in humans, especially among Japanese. In the present study, we analysed the nucleotide sequences of the 18S rDNA, ITS1 and cox1 genes of the immature and mature proglottids of Diplogonoporus species recovered from five Japanese patients. The nucleotide sequences of 18S rDNA, ITS1 and cox1 showed little, if any, intraspecific divergence. Phylogenetic analyses of several diphyllobothriid species revealed a close relationship of Diplogonoporus isolates with the cetacean tapeworm Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum. The results suggest that the genus Diphyllobothrium is paraphyletic and raise a question regarding the validity of the genus Diplogonoporus.


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Question: Assessment of Undergraduate Project Work by Specific Criteria and Grading Category Index

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'This paper attempts to fi nd an empirical answer to the question whether experiencing their own corporeity by women is related in any way to their level of differentiation shaped in the stage of up-bringing. Another question raised in this treatise is whether remaining in a partner relationship infl uences the strength and quality of both variables. Research is based on analysis of a survey carried out on 86 women aged 21-26. The theoretical basis for the research was O. Sakson-Obada’s corporal self model and M. Bowen’s concept of differentiation. The relation between the strength of the corporal self and the level of differentiation was confi rmed. Additionally, it was observed that single women and women remaining in relationships differ from each other with regard to emotional distance toward the partner, as well as the intensity of corporal self disorders. Research results seem to be meaningful in the fi eld of psychological therapy.']" == "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', "Experiencing one's own corporeity vs. the level of differentiation of self"]"

A systematic mechanism for the assessment of final year projects using a list of 22 assessment criteria and 8 grading categories for each criterion is described. The structured assessment system and the automated processing by an optical reader make the marking system more discriminative and consistent among the large number of students and supervisors.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Collisionless 16 μm fluorescence in SF6 following 10 μm CO2 laser pumping: Comments on the vibrational quasicontinuum

Abstract We have excited the υ 3 mode of SF 6 at 10 μm with a CO 2 laser and detected fluorescence at 16 μm from the other infrared active mode, υ 4 . The risetime of the 16 μm fluorescence is limited by the 2 μs pumping pulse width even at pressures as low as 2 mtorr, where the mean time between collisions is 60 μs. We discuss the role of the vibrational quasicontinuum in our experiment and in multiple photon infrared dissociation of SF 6 .

Axial constant magnetic field produces 69-fold increase of ablation-crater depth on silicon surface ablated by ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses. Analysis of potential mechanisms suggests strong combined effects from magneto-absorption and propagation through magnetized ablation plasma.


Question: Suggestions for Alternative Measures of Budget Balance for South Africa

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The following hypothesis was set and tested by this study: is the conventional budget balance, as generally accepted and used, still relevant for South Africa? The paper found that several possible alternatives are available but each must be viewed from the standpoint of their applicability to the South African context. Several were not suitable for South Africa-only because of a serious lack of available data needed to make them operational. The paper also highlights the need for reforms in government financial information in South Africa.

Farm Spending and Local Selling: How Do They Match Up?; Changing Fiscal Patterns for Minnesota County Governments


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Question: Injection lasers for far-IR spectral range

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Given ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'A decomposable Galton–Watson branching process with two particle types is studied. It is assumed that the particles of the first type produce equal numbers of particles of the first and second types, while the particles of the second type produce only particles of their own type. Under the condition that the total number of particles of the second type is greater than N →∞, a functional limit theorem for the process describing the number of particles of the first type in different generations is proved.'], a positive would be ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'A Functional Limit Theorem for Decomposable Branching Processes with Two Particle Types']

The use of far-IR injection lasers in pulsed molecular high-resolution spectroscopy is addressed. Far-IR radiation generation in a magnetoplasma spectral window is reviewed. The frequency tuning of long-wavelength diode lasers under combined temperature and magnetic field influence is examined.

Experimental absorption spectrum in THz frequency range of fat, sugar, hemoglobin and water are presented. ::: Characteristic features for some of those substances where found in absorption and refraction spectrum. Changing laser ::: wavelength and nonlinear crystal thickness THz generation and detection was optimized for certain frequency, allowing ::: one to increase spectrometer sensitivity for biological samples.


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Question: Poly(anhydrides). 2. One-step polymerization using phosgene or diphosgene as coupling agents

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Fewshot example: "['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title:', 'The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to assess mortality and morbidity after cardiac arrest in hospital inpatients aged 80 years or older, in an Australian tertiary hospital. We studied patients aged 80 years or older who suffered an in-hospital cardiac arrest from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2016. The main outcome measures were one-year survival and narrative morbidity. Two hundred and eighty-five patients were identified. Absolute one-year survival after cardiac arrest was, at best, 12.6%. Narrative descriptions of morbidity demonstrate high healthcare utilisation, dependency or residential care, and significant impairments of physical and social function. In conclusion, one-year survival after cardiac arrest in the very elderly is poor. In those who survive, significant morbidity is present.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Morbidity of Cardiac Arrest in the Very Elderly']"

Polymerisation en solution de diacides carboxylique en presence de phosgene a temperature ambiante

The Darzens glycidic ester condensation involves the condensation of an aldehdye and a ketone with an alpha-halo ester to produce an alpha,beta-epoxy ester (glycidic ester). The most frequently used condensing agents are sodium ethoxide and sodium amide. The glycidic esters are of interest primarily because they can be converted into aldehydes and ketones having a higher carbon content than the original aldehydes or ketones. This transformation occurs after hydrolysis to and decarboxylation of the epoxy acid and is accompanied by rearrangement when an aldehyde if formed. Darzens described another procedure which involves the reaction of aldehdyes and ketones with ethyl dichloracetate and dilute magnesium amalgam. Mechanisms of these reactions are discussed. ::: ::: ::: Keywords: ::: ::: Darzens reaction; ::: glycidic ester condensation; ::: aldehydes; ::: ketones; ::: Grignard reaction; ::: glycidic esters; ::: dichloracetate synthesis; ::: side reactions; ::: experimental procedures


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Question: Sensory loss and successful ageing: Australian evidence

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Data presented at an international symposium in Melbourne, March 1990, showed considerable cross-national similarity in rates of sensory loss in old age. New national data from Australia confirm these patterns. This article considers sight and hearing loss in the general context of ageing. Rates and consequences of sight and hearing loss in men and women are compared and discussed. Also noted are the different responses of non-English speaking migrants; and the fact that combined rates of sight and hearing loss are second only to musculo-skeletal conditions as causes of illness in old age. A co-ordinated international research and education programme is needed to deal with these major threats to successful ageing.

Keep moving: Improving the mobility of older people. : An example of research collaboration in Europe.


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Question: Root-soil contact of maize, as measured by a thin-section technique

The degree of root-soil contact was evaluated from thin sections for maize grown in pots with soil aggregates packed at three bulk densities. Root-soil contact was found to increase with bulk density of the soil. For soils with a porosity of 60, 51 and 44% (v/v), the average fraction of root-soil contact was 60, 72 and 87%, respectively. The frequency distribution of nearest-neighbour distances from points in a void to the nearest point of the soil matrix was measured. This was then used for a statistical test of a null hypothesis of random positioning of roots in voids (...)

Differences between observed and simulated vertical root maps were studied in an attempt to evaluate the predictive ability of a simulation model of root system architecture under field conditions on mature plants, and to identify avenues for improvement. Some methodological problems associated with root mapping in the field are considered with a sensitivity analysis.


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Question: Spectra and structure of 1-aminophthalazines

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On the basis of VU and PMR spectroscopic data with the aid of the method of experimental structures and the method of dipole moments it was concluded that the products of the reaction of 1,4-dichlorophthalazine with ammonia, methylamine, and aniline in solutions and in the crystalline form exist primarily as Z conformers of the amino tautomeric form. Conversion to the tautomeric imino form was established for 1-phenylamino-4-chlorophthalazine in a number of solvents. The imines of 2-methyl-4-chlorophthalazine exist as the E isomers.

Condensation of β-keto ester of isochroman with benzothiazol-2-yl-hydrazines,semicarbazide and its analogues and 1,2-diamino-1 H-benzimidazole has been used to syn-thesizse several isochromanotriazepines.


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Question: Diagnosing Neurofibromatosis Type I in Children

Neurofibromatosis is the single most common genetic disease of the neurologic system. Because neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is often diagnosed early in life, it is essential that health care providers deepen their understanding of this common genetic disorder. Children who meet particular criteria, as formulated by the National Institutes of Health, must be worked-up for NF-1 in order to initiate appropriate treatment implementation and evaluation. This article provides a review of the literature regarding the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and plan of treatment related to NF-1, specifically as it affects children. Clear guidelines for health care providers in primary care are outlined.

Progress in Alzheimer's Disease. Etiology and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Familial Alzheimer's Disease and Biology of Presenilins. Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in Alzheimer's Disease. Clinical Evaluation of Alzheimer's Disease. Progress in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Novel Drug Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Beyond Cholinesterase Inhibitors. New Treatment on the Horizon in Alzheimer's Disease. Progress in Parkinson's Disease. Etiology and Pathogenesis. Familial Parkinson's Disease. Clinical Topics in Parkinson's Disease. Progress in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Dopamine Agonists. Mechanism and Treatment of Motor Complications. Treatment of Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Surgical Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. New Treatment on the Horizon in Parkinson's Disease. Dementia With Lewy Bodies. Familial Frontotemporal Dementia and Related Disorders.


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Question: A New Fragile Digital Watermarking Technique for a PDF Digital Holy Quran

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Digital media manipulation has become easily performed at personal level with the rapidly growth of Technology. Presenting an issue of protecting digital media integrity. Watermarking has become a popular solution for copyright and integrity issues. This paper presents an invisible fragile watermarking technique for protecting the integrity of a PDF Digital Holy Quran. This watermark is generated using DCT algorithm for feature extracting along with a Gear hash function to provide tampering detection.

Introduction 1. The Meaning of Insurance in Islam 2. Riba (Usury) and Gharar (Risk) 3. Pre-modern and modern Jurists' Standing on Insurance 4. The Development of Mutual Insurance in the West 5. The Development of Islamic Banking and Insurance in Malaysia: A Case Study 6. The Development of Islamic Banking and Insurance in Saudi Arabia: A Case Study 7. Basic Principles for an Insurance Scheme Acceptable to the Islamic Faith 8. Conclusion Bibliography Appendix 1: Mudaraba for Investment and Savings and Takaful among Muslims Appendix 2: Arabians Insurance Guide: Islamic Reinsurance Operating Principles Appendix 3: Glossary of Mutual Insurance using Case Studies from the USA, Australia, Canada, Japan and Finland Appendix 4: Glossary of Islamic Financial Terms