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'["represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract\n\n\nExamples:\n'Change of Energy Consumption with the Process of Industrialization,Urbanization in Shaanxi' == 'This paper applies co-integration analysis to test the dynamic correlations between development of industrialization,urbanization and growth of energy consumption,and calculates the con-tribution of industrialization,urbanization to change of energy consumption with the factor decomposition model.The result shows that there exists a long-term relationship between industrialization、urbanization and energy consumption.However,in the long run,the role of correction is not prominent.In current conditions,the contribution of industrialization、urbanization to the energy consumption is smaller,and its trend is decreasing.Therefore,the energy need will not become restricts in Shaanxi industrialization、 urbanization advancement the bottleneck.' != 'Conceptualising Corporate Capitalism in Contemporary South Asia: Conventional Wisdoms and South Asian Realities A.Mukherjee Reed The Political Economy of Pro-Market Reforms in Bangladesh F.Quadir Liberalization, Corporate Ownership and Economic Performance: The Indian Experience J.Sarkar & S.Sarkar The Politics of Accumulation in Small Town India E.Basile & B.Harriss-White Capitalist Maturity and Corporate Responses to Liberalization: the Steel, Auto and Software Sectors in India A.P.D'Costa State and Capital in Pakistan: The Changing Politics of Accumulation A.Cheema Corporate Capital in Contemporary Sri Lanka D.Embuldeniya'", 'BUSINESS RECORDS AND The HISTORIAN']' == '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'We have been considering the preservation of business records today from three points of view: that of the owner, the custodian, and the user. The term ‘user’ really comprises two different kinds of people: the owner and his staff, who may wish to use the records for purposes bearing directly on the conduct of the business; and the student of history, who sees in them the raw materials out of which his work must be fashioned. Professor Sayers has been speaking of the Business Archives Council, its activities in advising owners on the problems concerning the preservation of records and access to them. My task is to consider the wishes and needs of historians in more general terms.']' != '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'I: SOPHRONIUS AND HIS SYNODICAL LETTER TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS II: THE SYNODICAL LETTER III: A MONOENERGIST DOSSIER BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEXES']'

Question: Scale Effect of Model in Seaplane-float Investigations

For the purpose of solving all the problems involved, an investigation was made with flat, rectangular planing surfaces. The investigation of a flat, rectangular planing surface, which can be considered as the portion of a flat float bottom lying in front of the step, has the advantage that the frictional resistance can be determined directly from the test results. Normal and tangential forces act on the lower side of the planing surface towed through still water, while the upper side and the lateral edges are under constant atmospheric pressure.

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title

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Provided: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The UK Department for Transport recently announced a range of initiatives to support a more coherent approach to transport planning and delivery in the major urban areas of England. Specifically, the Local Transport Act, which received royal assent in late 2008, enables groups of local authorities and their partners to review their transport governance arrangements and, if appropriate, publish a programme of statutory and non-statutory reforms aimed at improving integration, efficiency and effectiveness of decision making. This paper considers the process of carrying out a governance review in the specific context of Leeds city region. This area comprises 11 local authorities centred on the West Yorkshire conurbation, but also includes parts of North and South Yorkshire, where responsibilities for transport planning, funding and delivery are split across a range of councils, national and regional agencies, as well as multiple public and private sector service providers. The governance review is designed t...']" Match: "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Reviewing transport governance: the case of Leeds, UK']"

Design of an Isolated Airfoil in an Ideal Incompressible Fluid. Account of Compressibility and Viscosity. Airfoil Design for a Given Range of Angels of Attack. Design of Mechanized Airfoils and Airfoils with Permeable Contour. Design Problems for Airfoils with Partially Given Contour. Airfoil Cascade Design. Aerohydrodynamically Reasonable Velocity Distributions. Regularization and Optimization in Inverse Boundary Value Problems of Hydrodynamics.


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Question: Method and device for correcting micro-strip antennas

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The invention provides a method and a device for correcting micro-strip antennas. The method includes acquiring micro-strip antenna echo data in current parking space states when parking spaces are in vehicle-available states or vehicle-free states; calibrating parking space state reference data in the current parking space states by the aid of the micro-strip antenna echo data. The method and the device for correcting the micro-strip antennas in an embodiment of the invention have the advantage that the parking space state detection accuracy can be improved by the aid of the method and the device.

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Point matching method calculation of cut-off frequencies and field configurations of waveguides with general cross section


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Question: Method of producing of crude aromatic polycarboxylic acid

FIELD: chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a method of countercurrent positive displacement of aliphatic carboxylic acid (carbon number is from one to five) from filtering "press cake" containing aliphatic carboxylic acid. Mother liquor retaining by aromatic polycarboxylic acid has concentration of aliphatic carboxylic acid 5 000 p. p. m. by weight or less (as measured by weight of the presence aromatic polycarboxylic acid). This method is useful for production of crude terephthalic acid which is used after refining for synthesis of complex polyesters. The latter are used in textile and plastic industry. EFFECT: improved method of producing. 5 cl, 4 tbl

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Discloses fatty acid amide derivatives and compositions. The fatty acid amide comprises a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, 18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a primary amine or secondary amine reaction products. Also it includes fatty acid amide by reduction, quaternized, sulfonated, alkoxylated, sulfated and sulfited derivative prepared. Amine reactant may be a di- or triamine (2-aminoethyl) ethanolamine, diethylenetriamine or a (2-aminoethyl) ethanolamine are provided imidazoline amide or ester. In one aspect, C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or ester derivative 18-dioic acid lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is modified by self-metathesis of a natural oil triglycerides prepared, or prepared by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin-unsaturated triglycerides. Detergent compositions, fabric treatment, hair care, personal care, the antimicrobial composition for agricultural use, oil field applications and are valuable.


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Question: Particle acceleration by propagating interplanetary shocks

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The process of charged particle acceleration in interplanetary shocks has been simulated for typical parameters. Since space probe observations of charged particle fluxes are the principle means of inferring the action of an acceleration mechanism, the simulation was designed to follow particles backwards in time from a given observing point, usually 1 A.U. This allowed a full diagnosis of which observed particles had interacted with an oncoming shock, where the interacting occurred, and by how much the energy had been changed by the shock interaction. Simple assumptions about the pre‐shock energy spectrum allow the construction of a full temporal profile of the expected intensity, anisotropy, and energy spectrum. The simulations are apparently capable of reproducing the main features of the less than 10 MeV/nuc. ion flux enhancements observed at interplanetary shocks using only a laminar interplanetary magnetic field, Archimidean spiral, and a spherical oblique shock with typical speed, strength, and sho...

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Large-amplitude electromagnetic fluctuations of ion-cyclotron-frequency range are detected in a laboratory experiment inside the diffusion region of a magnetic reconnection with a guide field. The fluctuations have properties similar to kinetic Alfven waves propagating obliquely to the guide field. Temporary enhancement of the reconnection rate is observed during the occurrence of the fluctuations, suggesting a relationship between the modification in the local magnetic structure given by these fluctuations and the intermittent fast magnetic reconnection.


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Question: Why Atlanta?: a case study of how place produces intersectional social movement groups

AbstractThe role of place is undertheorized in the literature on intersectional social movements; this study uses Atlanta, Georgia as an exemplary case study of how the characteristics of geographi...

The past decade has seen the expansion of research projects, presentations, and publications on topics related to religion and food [...]


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Question: Outcome of Intensive Care in Patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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The prognosis of patients who become critically ill due to complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is generally believed to be poor, but no detailed studies have substantiated this impression. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with AIDS admitted to the Medical Special Care Unit (MSCU) at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York over a 42-month period. Of 910 patients admitted to the MSCU, 35 (4% ) had AIDS. An additional patient admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit was included in the analysis.Respiratory failure occurred in 31 patients (86% ) and was the most common problem necessitating admission. Twenty-five of these patients (69% ) had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. All 31 patients with respiratory failure required endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, and 27 (87%) died during the same hospitalization. Pneumothorax requiring tube thoracostomy occurred in 6 of 31 patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support. Among the 4 mechanically vent...

Genotype Distribution of the 46C/T Polymorphism of Coagulation Factor XII in the Japanese Population: Absence of Its Association with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease -


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Question: An All-Fibre Dynamic Gain Equalizer Based on a Novel Long-Period Fibre Grating Written by High-Frequency CO2 Laser Pulses

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An all-fibre dynamic gain equalizer based on a novel long-period fibre grating (LPFG) written on a photosensitive fibre by high-frequency CO2 laser pulses is demonstrated for the dynamic gain flattening of Er-doped fibre amplifiers. The resonant peak amplitude of such a dynamic gain equalizer can be adjusted linearly by bending the LPFG. The gain profile of the Er-doped fibre amplifier constructed has been flattened to within ±0.7 dB over a 32 nm bandwidth using such a device.

List of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Transmission Line Theory. 3. Evaluating the Transient Response of Linear Networks. 4. Mosfet Current-Voltage Characteristics. 5. Figures of Merit to Characterize the Importance of on-Chip Inductance in Single Lines. 6. Effects of Inductance on the Propagation Delay and Repeater Insertion Process in RLC Lines. 7. Equivalent Elmore Delay for RLC Trees. 8. Characterizing Inductance Effects in RLC Trees. 9. Repeater Insertion in Tree Structured Inductive Interconnect. 10. Dynamic and Short-Circuit Power of CMOS Gates Driving Lossless Transmission Lines. 11. Exploiting On-Chip Inductance in High Speed Clock Distribution Networks. 12. Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of the Transient Response in RLC Circuits: The DTT Method. 13. On the Extraction of On-Chip Inductance. 14. Conclusions. Bibliography. Appendices. Index. About the Authors.


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Question: Building detection by Dempster-Shafer fusion of LIDAR data and multispectral aerial imagery

A method for the classification of land cover in urban areas by the fusion of first and last pulse LIDAR data and multi-spectral images is presented. Apart from buildings, the classes "tree", "grass land", and "bare soil" are also distinguished by a classification method based on the theory of Dempster-Shafer for data fusion. Examples are given for a test site in Germany.

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Traditional methods to extract water regions in SAR images usually rely on image binarization with a specified threshold. However, because of the inherent speckles in SAR images, finding an appropriate threshold is very difficult. In the paper, we propose a new method for water region extraction in SAR images using GLCM (gray-level co-occurrence matrix) based features combined with SVM (Supported vector Machine). The characteristics of water and non-water regions are distinctively depicted by GLCM based features, which are fed into the SVM classifier to extract water regions. Experiments on synthetic and real SAR images demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better results compared with two other ones.


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Question: Pulse radiolysis of crystalline D2O at 6 K

In experiments on the pulse radiolysis of crystalline D2O ice at a nominal temperature of 6 K, yields of e−vis, e−ir and the OD radical have been measured as a function of accumulated dose. The yield of e−ir shows a large effect of dose, increasing from Ge=1.03×104 (G≂0.27) for a previously unirradiated crystal to Ge=4.1×104 (G≂1.08) for a sample that had received 300 krad. The effect of dose is decreased to about half by annealing at 12.5 K, but can only be completely eliminated by annealing above 100 K. The effect is interpreted as being due to the scavenging, by D and OD, of D2O+ which otherwise recombines with e−qf. The G of OD at 6 K for a previously unirradiated crystal was measured as 3.8; this is much higher than the previously reported G of OH from γ‐irradiated H2O ice at 4 K.

Abstract We present a short review of results obtained from our studies of hole widths in chlorin-doped glassy polystyrene and polycrystalline n-octane and p-terphenyl under various pressures up to 8.4 kbar at 4.2–15 K.


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Question: The outer cyst wall ofBdellovibrio bdellocysts is made de novo and not from preformed units from the prey wall

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Bdellovibrio sp. strain W bdellocysts were produced inEscherichia coli using three sources of3H-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) for incorporation into the cyst wall peptidoglycan: (a) labeledE. coli peptidoglycan, (b) labeledBdellovibrio peptidoglycan, and (c) exogenous3H-DAP in the encystment medium. After cysts were produced, they were either sonicated to remove the prey cell wall, or germinated to solubilize the cyst wall. The results show that label was incorporated into the cyst wall preferentially from the exogenous DAP in the medium, and not from the bdellovibrio or bdelloplast peptidoglycan. The encysting bdellovibrio does not therefore incorporate existing peptidoglycan units from the bdelloplast for synthesis of the cyst wall.

SUMMARY The mycetomal micro-organisms of Sitophilus zea-mais give evidence in electron micrographs of having two peripheral unit membranes, an intermediate layer, intracytoplasmic membranes and DNA-like material. They appear to disintegrate, at times, with the concomitant formation of membrane masses. It is suggested that these are visible with the phasemicroscope and that they are probably myelin figures.


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Question: Technology foresight and industrial strategy

When Technology Foresight (TF) began to be adopted in industrial countries, it tended to be still somewhat a marginal activity in developing countries. Today globalization radically transformed the range of economic activities that developing countries can perform. Production is fragmented and organized along global value chains. Dense flows of knowledge and technology are available, but need to be fully employed in the framework of coherent industrial strategies.

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The background and objectives of this thesis. Status quo of creativity education in business schools. Mini cases.


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Question: The Role of the Nasal Passages in the Water Economy of Crested Larks and Desert Larks

Abstract Condensation of water vapor in the exhaled air stream as it passes over previously cooled membranes of the nasopharynx is thought to be a mechanism that reduces respiratory water loss in mammals and birds. Such a mechanism could be important in the overall water economy of these vertebrates, especially those species occupying desert habitats. However, this hypothesis was originally based on measurements of the temperature of exhaled air (Tex), which provides an estimate of water recovered from exhaled air as a proportion of water added on inhalation but does not yield a quantitative measure of the reduction in total evaporative water loss (TEWL). In this study, we experimentally occluded the nares of crested larks (Galerida cristata), a cosmopolitan species, and desert larks (Ammomanes deserti), a species restricted to arid habitats, to test the hypothesis that countercurrent heat exchange in the nasal passages reduces TEWL. Tex of crested larks increased linearly with air temperature, (Ta): \doc...

P. Day and M. Strauss, Part I: Summary: J.E. Thorpe, G.A.E. Gall, J.E. Lannan, C.E. Nash, and B. Ballachey, The Need to Manage Fish and Shellfish Genetic Resources. Human Interventions and Genetic Risks. The Conservation of Genetic Resources through Risk Management. Status of Aquatic Genetic Resource Management. References. Appendix. Part II: Management Studies: J.E. Thorpe and L. Stradmeyer, The Atlantic Salmon. D. Hedgecock, The Cupped Oyster. G.W. Wohlfarth, The Common Carp and Chinese Carps. A.E. Eknath, The Nile Tilapia. References. Subject Index.


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Question: Gallstones. When to observe, when to treat.

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Although observation is the best form of therapy for patients with asymptomatic gallstones, surgical management offers the least risk and greatest benefit to patients with symptomatic disease. This is particularly true of patients with diabetes and patients over 60 years of age. Dissolution therapy may play a major role in the treatment of symptomatic cholesterol gallstones in the future, but at present the most effective approach remains early cholecystectomy.

Whilst this is a work of fiction it is based on real events What to do before, during and after a nuclear strike.


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Question: The intelligence of the unconscious and different forms of psychoanalytic listening

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The design of the psychoanalytic situation and relation – the stable frames, the frequency, the analysand’s free association, the analyst’s evenly suspended attention – is unique in facilitating contact with unconscious levels and processes in both participants as well as the unconscious communication between them.In this paper I wish to highlight the intelligence and the creativity of the unconscious: how it is displayed in dream-life, in the formation of new inner structures and new ways of envisioning life and in the unconscious interplay between the analysand and the analyst, what I will call the Freudian here-and-now. Dreaming and dream-life will have a central position in this, in the foreground or in the background.

The method of Infant Observation by Esther Bick is important to the formation of any analyst. It ::: enables an epistemological reflection of psychoanalysis as a scientific entity, since the observation ::: is an important factor of the analytic function. The author finds inspiration in Bick�s work, and ::: elucidates Bion�s contributions to her observation theory, as well as Meltzer�s further development ::: about the effects of Infant Observation to the prevention of illnesses in psychoanalysis. A clinical ::: vignette illustrates this work.


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Question: AN OPERATIONAL MODEL ANALYSIS ABOUT THE OPTIMIZATION LOCATION OF DISTRIBUTION CENTERS

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By using DEA model,this paper evaluates the project of distribution centers,then form a IDMIP(Incorporate DEA Mixed Integrate Programming) model to adjust the project.Finally a case is discussed.

THIS REPORT IS IN THREE PARTS: (1) EVOLUTION IN LIVING MATTER FROM THE ATOM OF HYDROGEN TO THE APPARITION OF MAN; (2) EVOLUTION IN GROUPS OF HUMAN BEINGS (CAMPSITES, CITIES, TOWNS, METROPOLIS, ETC) AND IN SOCIETY THROUGH THE AGES; (3) COMMENTS ON TRENDS IN TOMORROW'S CITIES. A STUDY IS MADE OF DISEQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE HUMAN POPULATION, IN THE DESTRUCTION OF NATURE, DETERIORATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT, AND PROGRESSIVE DESTRUCTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENERGY SOURCES. BASED ON THE FUNCTION AND CAPACITY OF ADAPTATION OF MAN THROUGH HIS EVOLUTION IN HISTORY, BASIC BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES ARE GIVEN FOR THE ORGANIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-CONTROL OF FUTURE URBAN COMMUNITIES. FOR THE COVERING ABSTRACT, SEE IRRD ABSTRACT NO 106219.


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Question: Energetics of high temperature dimer desorption and reconstruction at the end of small zigzag carbon nanotubes

The energetics of small zigzag carbon nanotubes at high temperature regime (T = 2500 K) is investigated via k-space tight-binding molecular dynamics (TBMD) simulations. It is found that the n dangling atoms at the end of a zigzag tube with 5 < n < 12 can automatically transform into an (n - 1)-member ring at the top, accompanied by the release of a C, dimer and the formation of (n - 1) pentagons and a hexagon-pentagon pair involving up to five layers of atoms. For tubes larger than (11, 0) or smaller than (6, 0), it is found that energetically it is more favorable for the tube to remain open. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

In this work, we propose and investigate the use of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) as nanosized rockets. The nanotubes are immersed in water, and the propulsion of inner nanotube i...


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Question: Web-Based Digital Museum Construction and Realization of Virtual Space

To solve the problem of isolated digital museum information,cultural information which is scattered and isolated will be shared by constructing a virtual space for digital museum.The role of the virtual space is to use some strategy to collect and find heritage information through the Internet,and then to complete its conduct,extraction,organization and processing.Using multi-thread,information filtering and information reclassification in the design process,techniques of information access,analysis and classification will be improved.The technology can solve the limitations of digital museum information,and can also increase the accuracy of information,which makes a clear classification of cultural information and realize fast retrieval of cultural information.

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Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Sensing liquid properties with thickness-shear mode resonators

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Abstract The responses of smooth- and textured-surface thickness-shear mode (TSM) resonators in liquid are examined. Smooth devices, which viscously entrain a layer of contacting liquid, exhibit a response that depends on the product of liquid density and viscosity. Textured-surface devices, which also trap liquid in surface crevices, pores, etc., exhibit an additional response that depends on liquid density alone. Combining smooth- and textured-surface resonators in a monolithic sensor enables the liquid density and viscosity to be extracted simultaneously.

Using the piezoelectric micro cantilever sensor, biomarkers of various diseases are detected at their critical concentration or below. The detection principle of the sensor is the mass-micro-balancing technique that utilizes the change of the mechanical resonance frequency due to an object attached on a structure. An Ohm-contact electrode is installed to remove the parasitic capacitance effects between the electrodes in the sensor. The first resonant frequency of the piezoelectric micro cantilever can be monitored by measurement of the conductance component of the admittance. The results of the bio-marker-detection experiments show that the detection sensitivity of the micro cantilever is from 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of the conventional quartz-crystal micro-balancing detection.


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Failure of amorphous polystyrene

The failure behaviour of amorphous polystyrene was studied in methanol and ambient air under constant load and strain rate conditions. The good correlation found between fracture mechanics theory and the test results of both crazing and fracture indicates that fracture mechanics theory can be used in predicting failure of amorphous polystyrene. From the fracture mechanics analysis of the results it is inferred that the kinetics associated with craze initiation and crack propagation are similar and that the inherent flaw responsible for failure first initiates the craze in which a crack is then formed. Both the distribution of inherent flaws and the kinetics of crazing and fracture are dependent on the test environment.

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Near-monodisperse, submicrometer-sized, colloidally stable polyacid particles containing phosphate groups were synthesized by free radical dispersion polymerization of acid phosphoxy polyoxyethylen...


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Question: LOCAL AREA NETWORK TECHNOLOGY AND ITSDEVELOPMENT

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Concept and basic configuration of local network technology L AN are introduced.Basic technology of10 Mbit/s Ethernet,development of 10 0 Mbit/s and1Gbit/s Ethernet and som e new technologies em erged in the recent years are discussed. It is predicted that L AN might still be developed rapidly in the near future especially in the areas of virtual L AN VL AN ,wireless L AN WL AN and1Gbit/s Ethernet.

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CRITICISM OF ADOPTING A SPECIALIZED UNIT APPROACH RATHER THAN INTEGRATING APPROACH INTO ENTIRE DEPARTMENT.


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Question: Ethylene-light relationship in the growth of the rice coleoptile

Ethylene stimulated growth of rice coleoptiles in the dark and after an irradiation with red light. The red-light inhibition of rice-coleoptile growth was more pronounced when only endogenously evolved C2H4 was involved than it was under C2H4-free (C2H4 removed) or C2H4-saturated (20 ppm C2H4 added) conditions.

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1) Application of ellipsis with equal probability for selection of genetically superior individuals for root weight and sucrose was studied simultaneously under wide and normal spacing.


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Question: Online Clinical Post Conference: Strategies for Meaningful Discussion Using VoiceThread

Clinical post conference (CPC) is a strategy for peer learning and reflective discourse after clinical experiences. Reflective and experiential learning practices are essential in nursing education to develop students' critical thinking. Innovative approaches to structure asynchronous online CPC using VoiceThread offer time for student reflection, while retaining the value of facial cues, tone, and peer-peer connections occurring during traditional face-to-face CPC.

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Tour 1: Preparation for Departure: Who Am I and How Do I Interact With Others? Tour 2: Preparation for Departure: Building Relationships with Basic Listening Skills Tour 3: Departure: Advanced Facilitation Skills Tour 4: Traveling With a Theory: Integration and Personalization Tour 5: Applying Theory: Assessment and Conceptualization Tour 6: Meeting Clients: Treatment Planning, Progress Monitoring, and Documentation Tour 7: Consolidation: Celebrating the Journey and Preparing to Go Separate Ways


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Question: [Plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide before and after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty].

The level of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in 30 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) was measured before and after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV). The results showed that CGRP level in MS patients was significantly lower than that in controls (P < 0.001) and increased after PBMV (P < 0.001); There was significant positive or negative correlation between CGRP level and cardiac index (P < 0.01) or ET level, mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean right and left atrial pressure (P < 0.001 respectively). It is suggested that CGRP may play an important role in the pathophysiological process of MS, and the level of CGRP before and after PBMV may be a good parameter for evaluating the severity of MS and effect of PBMV.

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Background ::: The study was designed to compare the role of infrarenal aortic artery balloon occlusion (IAABC) with internal iliac artery balloon occlusion (IIABOC).


Question: Chemiluminescent Products of the Maillard Reaction: Studies on Model Systems

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Chemiluminescent intermediates were prepared from a model Maillard reaction between phenylglyoxal and benzylamine under an oxygen atmosphere as a solid material that gives light emission in the visible region. Such chemiluminescence is similar to that first detected by us from representative Maillard reactions, such as those from glucose and lysine or methylglyoxal and methylamine, both in the presence or absence of oxygen. This suggests that the material in the present studies contains peroxide compound(s). The model Maillard reaction did not give near-infrared luminescence at 1270 nm, which is characteristic of singlet oxygen formation. Structural studies were attempted on the solid material by means of chemical, chromatographic, and spectral methods.

1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: Dynamic Modeling of Plague in Madagascar: A Bridge Between Theory and Observation

An important task in research on infectious diseases is to achieve a precise and localized assessment of the epidemiological risk in host and vector populations. To this end, the Individual-Based Modelling approach enables consideration of how spatial and individual heterogeneity affect endemic and epidemic dynamics at population level. Based on our modelling experience applied to bubonic plague in Madagascar, we demonstrate the potential of IBM to integrate various sources of knowledge. We also argue that it bridges the gap between traditional observational studies and theoretical models.

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1 Introduction.- 2 Plant Disease Epidemiology and the Scope of Across Comparison.- 3 On the Methodology of Comparative Epidemiology.- 4 Comparative Epidemiology at the System Levels Host and Pathogen.- 5 Comparison of Temporal Aspects of Epidemics: The Disease Progress Curves.- 6 Comparison of Spatial Aspects of Epidemics: Gradients and Spatial Distributions.- 7 Comparison of Effects of Epidemics.- References.


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Question: A New Recycling System of Waste Gypsum Board Paper : Application of Waste Gypsum Board Paper for Soil Improvement

We have already developed a new recycling system for high water content mud such as construction sludge by using paper debris (fragments of the newspaper) to increase the recycling rate of the construction sludge. However, recently, the price of old newspaper is increasing. Therefore, development of inexpensive fiber materials are strongly desired in order to reduce the recycling cost. In this study, the applicability of waste gypsum board paper instead of paper debris was experimentally investigated. The waste gypsum board paper was crushed by the hammer mill and crushed paper was used in fiber-cement-stabilized-soil method. It was found through the unconfined compression tests that the failure strength and failure strain of modified soils by using crushed board paper are almost the same as those of modified soils by using paper debris. That is, it was confirmed that the crushed board paper can become a substitute of paper debris.

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Mining Non-ferrous Metals The Environmental Impact of Gold Mining in the Brazilian Amazon Revegetation of Metalliferous Wastes and Land After Metal Mining Vegetative Remediation at Superfund Sites Green Coal Mining Methane Emissions from Coal Mining Constructing Ecosystems and Detecting their Connectivity to the Larger Ecological Landscape The Discharge of Waters from Active and Abandoned Mines Environmental Best-practice in Metals Production. Subject Index.


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Question: Dispersion equation for groove nonradiative dielectric waveguide

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A rigorous expression of the dispersion equation for a groove nonradiative dielectric (GNRD) waveguide is obtained from the Fourier transform and mode-matching. The image theorem is utilised to transform a GNRD waveguide into an infinite number of GNRD waveguides, thereby representing the dispersion equation in a fast-convergent, numerically efficient series.

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Parametric bright solitons in ring self-oscillating patterns with ferromagnetic films are studied experimentally and theoretically. It is demonstrated that such structures can be formed due to the three-wave parametric instability of the magnetostatic surface wave and the time dispersion produced in the ring by different multiresonant elements: a klystron amplifier or a magnonic quasi-crystal with Fibonacci structure.


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Question: Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete elements in a cracked state

Abstract The finite element analysis of reinforced concrete beams in a cracked state is presented. The modeling of moment-curvature relationships is analyzed and the different definitions of the effective or mean inertia are unified by means of the Tension Stiffening Function. An exact methodology to evaluate the stiffness matrix and the load vector of a reinforced concrete element with some regions in a cracked state is developed. An efficient iterative procedure for analyzing a statically indeterminate structure is illustrated. The validity of the procedure has been tested by means of a comparison between experimental and theoretical results on two-span continuous reinforced concrete beams.

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Based on assuming that RC column with circular section has linear variation in strain, the calculating formulas of the bearing capacity of the RC column with circular section strengthened by enclosure under eccentric compression are proposed through analyzing the mechanical characteristic of the reinforcement structure which is loaded at two stages. A calculating example is presented.


Question:
represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about
For example, '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Will and Power: Towards Radical Intercultural Communication Research and Pedagogy1']' should have a representation like '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', "Much of intercultural communication research and training has rested on the presumption that the key to intercultural communication and understanding is knowledge and skills in the relevant language and culture. In this paper, we argue that what is missing from this perspective is, crucially, power relations and the willpower to overcome them. Proceeding from this ethical and political stance, we suggest that research, education and training take on the role of institutional moral agents and turn their attention to critiquing power practices on the one hand and cultivating the ethical motivation to construct common goals on the other. As empirical illustrations of research, we examine, firstly, how intercultural '(mis)understandings' are utilised to suit political and economic interests and, secondly, what members themselves feel to be the cause of failures in intercultural communication. In conclusion, we discuss some implications for pedagogy."]' but very far from '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Introduction: On Critiques and Evolutions of Communicative Planning Theory Part 1: Counteracting Non-Deliberative Stakeholder Pressure 1. Legitimizing Communicative Planning 2. The Logic of Critical Communicative Planning: Transaction Cost Alteration 3. Activist Modes of Planning: A Systematic Overview 4. Activist Communicative Planning: Hybrids of Dialogue and Strategy Part 2: The Neo-Liberal Challenge 5. Neo-liberal Policies in Urban Planning 6. Conflicting Values of Communicative Planning Theory and New Public Management 7. A Strategy for Examining whether Communicative Planning is Serving Neo-liberalism Part 3: Responsibilities 8. Responsibility for End-use of Theory 9. Responsibility for Inclusive Deliberation in Planning: Struggling with Deep Difference 10. Responsible Decisions in Planning Theory, Teaching and Academic Life']'.

Question: CHANNELING OF PROTON IN α-LiIO 3 SINGLE CRYSTAL

The 〈0001〉axial channeling parameters, axial half-angle ψ 1/2 and minimum yield x min , of α-LiIO 3 crystal have been measured by collimated MeV proton beam at different beam energies. Under the action of an electrostatic field along the c-direction of the crystal, the increase of channeling-backscattering yield from the surface I atoms, proportional to the duration of electrostatic field action, has been observed. The time-dependence of the amount of the random surface I atoms has been calculated quantitatively for different durations of electrostatic field action. The increase of the α-particle yield from proton induced 7 Li(P,a) 4 He reaction-channeling with the duration of electrostatic field action has been observed as well.

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Compositions METAL SOLUTION, FOR USE IN PARTICULAR IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTED ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS. OBTAINED SPEEDS IMPROVED WINDING METAL WHEN USING A SOLUTION CONTAINING SULFURIC ACID, THE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND fURAN.


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Question: New Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis may Rise from the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway and Antinociceptive Pathway

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Due to the complex etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is difficult to be completely cured at the current stage although many approaches have been applied in clinics, especially the wide application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). New drug discovery and development via the recently discovered cholinergic anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive pathways should be promising. Based on the above, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists maintain the potential for the treatment of RA. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches may rise from these two newly discovered pathways. More preclinical experiments and clinical trials are required to confirm our viewpoint.

Progress in Alzheimer's Disease. Etiology and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Familial Alzheimer's Disease and Biology of Presenilins. Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in Alzheimer's Disease. Clinical Evaluation of Alzheimer's Disease. Progress in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Novel Drug Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Beyond Cholinesterase Inhibitors. New Treatment on the Horizon in Alzheimer's Disease. Progress in Parkinson's Disease. Etiology and Pathogenesis. Familial Parkinson's Disease. Clinical Topics in Parkinson's Disease. Progress in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Dopamine Agonists. Mechanism and Treatment of Motor Complications. Treatment of Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Surgical Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. New Treatment on the Horizon in Parkinson's Disease. Dementia With Lewy Bodies. Familial Frontotemporal Dementia and Related Disorders.


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Question: EEG frequency analysis in the course of acute ischemic stroke

In 18 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease (17 ischemic, 1 hemorrhagic stroke) neurological symptoms were scored repeatedly using a rating scale for disturbance of consciousness, motor dysfunctions, disturbance of higher cortical functions, abnormalities of cranial nerves, and impairment of sensations, and related to EEG-abnormalities quantified by frequency analysis. A correspondence between location of neurologic lesion and EEG focus was found in 87%, but correlation between neurologic score and the degree of EEG-abnormality was low. Changes of clinical defects were not significantly related to various quantified EEG parameters. These results suggest that computerized EEG analysis has to be used with caution for quantifying the clinical course of stroke patients.

Objectives: To present recent scientific evidence on the effects of stem cell transplantation in animal models of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury an...


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Question: Method and device for detecting compressive strength of concrete by bending method

The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting the compressive strength of concrete by a bending method. The method comprises the following steps of: recording rupture load during damage of the concrete and an area of a damaged section to calculate bending strength; and establishing a correlativity between the bending strength and the corresponding strength of a cubic test piece with the side length of 150mm to deduce the compressive strength of the concrete. By applying fracture resistance force to a test piece, influencing factors in the testing process are reduced and the testing accuracy is improved; moreover, the testing process is simple and feasible. The invention can be widely applied to detection of strength of concrete structure entities in the building industry, railway industry, traffic industry, water transportation industry, harborwork industry and the like.

The present invention relates to a polymer mixture suitable for the use as a sensor polymer mixture; a cable including the polymer mixture and desirably including a measuring instrument for detecting the variation of the polymer mixture; and a method for measuring the mechanical and/or the electrical stability or the aging of the cable. For example, according to the present invention, to measure the aging and/or the stability, measurement results on the variation of the polymer mixture are used as criteria for predicting the degree of use or the residual service life of the cable including the polymer mixture.


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Question: Synthesis of enantiomerically pure 7-hydroxy-2-substituted-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin derivatives

Abstract A rapid and simple procedure for the preparation of the two pure enantiomers of 7-hydroxy-2-substituted-2,3-dihydro-1,4-beniodioxin derivatives is described.

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In this study, we determined the pharmacological activities of MJ-451 (6-cyano-3S,4R-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-3-hydroxy-4-[2-oxo-5S-1-hydroxmethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-1-benzopyran) in guinea pig isolated


Question:
represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract

E.g. given '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract!', 'Clonal gene therapy: transplanted mouse fibroblast clones express human alpha 1-antitrypsin gene in vivo']' it should be close to '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'A retroviral vector was used to insert human alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) complementary DNA into the genome of mouse fibroblasts to create a clonal population of mouse fibroblasts secreting human alpha 1AT. After demonstrating that this clone of fibroblasts produced alpha 1AT after more than 100 population doublings in the absence of selection pressure, the clone was transplanted into the peritoneal cavities of nude mice. When the animals were evaluated 4 weeks later, human alpha 1AT was detected in both sera and the epithelial surface of the lungs. The transplanted clone of fibroblasts could be recovered from the peritoneal cavities of those mice and demonstrated to still be producing human alpha 1AT. Thus, even after removal of selective pressure, a single clone of retroviral vector-infected cells that expressed an exogenous gene in vitro, continued to do so in vivo, and when recovered, continued to produce the product of the exogenous gene.']' but not to '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The conversion of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to the biologically more active des (1-3) IGF-I variant is catalyzed by a ubiquitous protease. This proteolytic activity is inhibited by humanα 1-antitrypsin and soy-bean trypsin inhibitor and is up-regulated in serum and tissue extracts of hypophysectomized rats. These observations lead us to investigate whether the growth hormone regulated, serine protease inhibitor, Spi 2.1 was able to inhibit the des (1-3) IGF-I generating protease. Dihydrofolate reductase deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHOdhfr-ve) cells were transfected with a rat Spi 2.1 expression vector containing the dhfr and neomycin resistance gene. Stable transfectants were selected using G418 and amplified using methotrexate. Conditioned medium from Spi 2.1 transfected CHO cells potently inhibited proteolytic activity directed against a synthetic hexa-peptide with a sequence identical to the N-terminal of IGF-I. In contrast conditioned medium from wild-type CHO cells had little effect. ...']'.

Question: Discussion on the NRP assessment reports “Mobility and motorised transport which fit in sustainable development” and “Culture, consumption and lifestyles”

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Publisher Summary This chapter presents a discussion on the National Research Programme (NRP) assessment reports titled “Mobility and Motorised transport which fit in sustainable development” and “Culture, Consumption, and Lifestyles.” The former report stated that transport is responsible for about 20% of the global emissions of greenhouse gases and constitutes a fast growing source. Not only transport markets in the developed countries are not yet satisfied but also much growth is to be expected in eastern Europe and in industrializing developing countries, like in Asia. . The latter report stated that at the production and consumption sides there are environmental impacts because of use of land, materials, and energy and the production of waste and pollution. Production and consumption are interrelated. Therefore, the environmental effects of consumption and production should be studied in an integrated way.

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Technological innovation is key to the future of tourism, whether through astrotourism, virtual reality or cutting edge new technologies to reduce energy consumption in the tourism sector. This chapter deals with two sets of case studies: Firstly, astrotourism is examined in detail showcasing this type of future-focus in detail and examining the implications for products and governance. Secondly, the hotel sector is one of the tourism industry’s largest drivers of employment and economic revenue but at the same time it is one of the most energy-intensive. In fact, hotels and other types of accommodation account for 2% of the 5% global CO2 emitted by the tourism sector. The second set of case studies examines two such examples—the ‘Nearly Zero Energy Hotels’ project and the ‘Hotel Energy Solutions’ project (http://hotelenergysolutions.net/).


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Question: Dielectric Properties of Single‐Crystal Nonstoichiometric Rutile (TiO2)

The dielectric constant e′ and dielectric loss e″ have been determined from 30 to 300 000 cps in the a and c crystal directions for nonstoichiometric compositions of rutile with dc resistivities from 104 to 1013 Ω‐cm. Measurements with asymmetrical electrodes and geometrical variations indicate that the properties are primarily a bulk effect. Quasi‐ferroelectric effects were observed at field gradients greater than 500 V/cm and at frequencies above 0.5 cps. It is suggested that the dielectric properties of rutile can be explained by an artificial dielectric model consisting of conducting needles of heterogeneously distributed oxygen vacancies embedded in an insulating medium.

Abstract : Contents: Epitaxial Growth and Electro-Optical Properties of Metal GaAs superlattices, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility and Thermoelectric Power of PtGa(2), Electronic structure study of the Pt-Ga intermetallic thin films on GaAs (100) using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Growth of CoGa on GaAs by MBE-Determination of epitaxial phases and orientations, Internal Photoemission in CoGa/GaAs Schottky Barriers, Possible Injection of Electrons into the L Valley, Chemistry of Metal/ Compound-Semiconductor Interfaces, Phase Stability Versus The Lattice Mismatch of (100)Co1-xGa(x) Thin Films on (100)GaAs, Electrical resistivity of ultrathin, epitaxial CoGa on GaAs, and Growth and Annealing of Co(1-x)Ga(x) Thin Films on GaAs (100).


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Question: The Impact of Usability, Functionality and Sociability Factors on User Shopping Behavior in Social Commerce Design

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title

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For example, ['', "Affective education is a feasible way to prompt personality development of students.Integration of affective education with the teaching of biology by way of tapping the sense of morality,reason and aesthetics in the course does much good to the cultivation of students' sense of social responsibility,obligation,self-esteem and self-confidence,discerning and appreciation of beauty and in the end prompts their personality development."] should be similar to ['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', "Prompting Students' Personality Development Through Affective Education in Biology Teaching"]

Usability, functionality and sociability have been found as the important factor in social commerce design. However, it is not clear about the influence of social commerce design to users shopping behavior, which needs to be further explored. It is arguable that such lacks of understanding may cause ineffective social commerce design and hamper users’ online shopping behavior. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of social commerce design on user shopping decision-making. We believe that the results can provide a useful foundation for future social commerce research.

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper
E.g. ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Most of the myriad (order of 10(9)) interconnected coronary vessels interact nonlinearly with their embedding contracting myocardium. Their dynamic flow can be simulated based on a nonlinear distributive segmental flow model involving highly nonlinear partial differential equations. Such network flow analysis, although of high accuracy, is computationally excessively complex. On the other hand, a corresponding nonlinear lumped analysis is significantly less demanding since it involves ordinary differential equations. This is, however, at the detriment of accuracy. In the present technical report, a nonlinear lumped representation of coronary segmental flow is presented and tested against predictions of the corresponding distributive analysis. The results suggest that under physiological conditions, the proposed lumped model achieves similar accuracy to the distributive one, yet with considerably higher computational speed.'] == ['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Lumped flow modeling in dynamically loaded coronary vessels.']

Contents: The Information Society - The Digital Divide - The Digital Practice Perspective - The Digital Practice of Weak Tie Development - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Family Ties via Mobile Phone - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Digital Enclaves - The Digital Practice Perspective and Social Policy: Improving the Social, Cultural, and Civic Quality of the Digital Environment - Conclusion: Smart Mobs, Flash Mobs, Flash Robs and the Revolutionary Potential of the Digital Environment.


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Question: A quick glance at selected topics in this issue

A quick glance at selected topics in this issue aims to highlight contents of the Journal and provide a quick review to the readers.

A look into the history of and introduction to the basics of American Sign language Discussion Board


Question:
represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract
E.g. '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'An User-centered Information Push System']' == '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', "This paper presents the architecture of an active timely push system for news and emails.This system uses MAS to obtain user's interests and requirement information,and improves the interest archives by means of human-machine talk to realize the individualized active information service."]' != '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', 'The current paper presents a solution of the Program Understanding: A Reengineering Case for the Transformation Tool Contest using the VIATRA2 model transformation tool.']'

Question: Cooling performance of high thermal conduction plastics on conduction cooled Bi2223 tapes

Dyneema fiber has a high thermal conduction property. Using the property, we applied a Dyneema fiber reinforced plastic (DFRP) as a heat drain material for a conduction-cooled magnet. In the experiments, the DFRP was contacted on a surface of HTS tape, and a short-time over current exceeding its critical current was applied to the tape. The heat drain effect was measured from a voltage of the tape and a thermocouple. The experimental results showed that the effects depended on the fiber directions in the plastic. In case that the fibers in the plastic contacted perpendicular to the tape's face, the effect was good. When the DFRP is used as the heat-drain material, we should pay attention to the fiber directions in the DFRP.

Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.

It has been shown in the past that a random uncertainty in surface resistance measurements of HTS films as low as 1.1% can be achieved. However for comparative studies between differing samples and different laboratories the absolute uncertainty should be used instead. In this paper we discuss random and absolute uncertainties of R S measurements for three types of superconducting thin films, namely YBa2Cu3O7−δ, Tl(Ba,Sr)2Ca2Cu3Oy, and MgB2 when using an optimized Hakki–Coleman dielectric resonator.


Question: Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.

Question: Whose Call to Answer: Institutional Complexity and Firms’ CSR Reporting

While research on the disclosure of CSR (corporate social responsibility) recognizes the influence of government regulations and guidelines, less attention has been given to the co-existence of con...

1. A Theory of Risk for Securitization 2. The Policymakers: Logics Behind the Bilateral Relationship 3. The Policymakers: Risk Analysis of Documents 4. The Progressive Intellectuals: Brief Historical Synopsis 5. The Progressive Intellectuals: Logics Behind the PIDG 6. The Progressive Intellectuals: Risk Analysis of Documents 7. Conclusion


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Question: Parse Concurrent Data Structures: BST as an Example

Designing concurrent data structures should follow some basic rules. By separating the algorithms into two phases, we present guidelines for scalable data structures, with a analysis model based on the Amadal's law. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to formalize a practical model for measuring concurrent structures' speedup. We also build some edge-cutting BSTs following our principles, testing them under different workloads. The result provides compelling evidence to back the our guidelines, and shows that our theory is useful for reasoning the varied speedup.

Pascal Language Overview Input and Output in Pascal Data Abstraction in Pascal Recent Changes to Pascal - the ISO Standard Turbo, UCSD and Microsoft Pascal Differences Between Pascal and Modula-2 Turbo Pascal Procedures and Functions Turbo Pascal Case Study - Animation Graphics Other Pascal Extensions and Bit and Byte Manipulations Appendices Index.


Question:
represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about
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Fewshots:
'['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'The System of Education as a Key Element of the Modern Social Infrastructure in the Region']' == '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'The article describes the system of education as a key element of the regional infrastructure. The condition of the educational system is a good indicator of the level of general and economic life of the population. The educational system is a part of the social infrastructure and is one of its fundamental elements, performing not only social but also economic functions.']' != '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Introduction Problems and Prospects of Preventing Conflict of Interest in Local Governments in the CEE Countries Chapter 1 The Bulgarian Experience with Building a Framework for the Prevention of Conflict of Interest Situations in Local Governments Chapter 2 The Progress of Regulation of Conflict of Interest in Local Government in Latvia Chapter 3 Difficulties with Implementation of Conflict of Interest Regulation in Polish Local Government Chapter 4 New Ways of Managing Conflict of Interest Problems in Romania Chapter 5 Conflict of Interest in Russian Local Government: Challenges for New Legislation Chapter 6 Waiting for a Conflict of Interest Constitutional Law in Slovakia Index']'

Question: DOUBLE S-BREAKING CUBIC TURNING POINTS AND THEIR COMPUTATION ⁄1)

In the paper we are concerned with double S-breaking cubic turning points of two-parameter nonlinear problems in the presence of Z2-symmetry. Three extended systems are proposed to determine double S-breaking cubic turning points. We show that there exist two kinds of singular point path passing through double Sbreaking cubic turning point, One is the simple quadratic turning point path, the other is the pitchfork bifurcation point path.

8 ASUBTITLE: NEW SOFTWARE SHOULD SPEED THE APPLICATION OF COLOUR RASTER TECHNOLOGY AND ASSOCIATED DIGITAL DATA DISPLAYS...


Question: Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract

Question: Single chair of Aspen ski lift No. 1

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'Fractal geometries are attracting attention of antenna designers because of its compact size and multiband properties. This paper presents a U-shape fractal antenna with two iterations. The proposed antenna has dimension 40×39 mm2. This dual band antenna offers the impedance bandwidth of 2.11 GHz–3.36 GHz and 3.74 GHz–9.28 GHz. The antenna realizes notch characteristics in WiMAX band of frequencies (3.3–3.7 GHz). The proposed antenna issuitable for Bluetooth, ISM, WLAN and C band used for satellite communication.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract!', 'Dual Band U Shaped Fractal Monopole Antenna']"

Held in the Russell L. and Lyn Wood Mining History Archive, Arthur Lakes Library, Colorado School of Mines.

Image: di58771 - Ken Baker (left) and Don Dietz, Unio Light Heat and Power workers, wiring new park on Greenup Street


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Question: The effects of rural banks’ credit scheme on small-scale food crop farming in Ghana: a case study of the Jomoro Rural Bank

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A thesis presented to the School of Graduate Studies ::: Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial ::: fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA) degree, 2009

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Background ::: Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) is one of the nine strategies recommended for prevention and control of HIV globally. In this study, we assessed the awareness and utilisation of VCT services among residents of the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality (LMKM) in the Eastern Region of Ghana.


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Question: Formability Analysis and Its Parameters -A Review Paper

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This paper represents review of parameters which affects sheet metal formability and also about forming limit diagram (FLD).The parameters are punch nose radius, blank temperature, die arc radius, punch velocity, blank holding force(BHF),blank shape, spring back etc. The first section of paper represents about formability. Second section reviews different parameters that affect sheet metal forming. Section 3 explains that formability of sheet metal defined in terms of two dimensional strain maps. It also describes state of strain measures formability. It deals with different research work dealing with forming limit diagram (FLD). The forming limit diagram (FLD) gives an indication whether the material can sustain certain ratio of strains without failing is of great help.

Abstract : Partial contents:Problem Statement, Technical Objective, Technical Background Current Coatings, Technical Background, Technical Background - Polysiloxane, Technical Background - Polyuretidione, Technical Background Cyclic Carbonate, Technical Approach, Task 1 Benchmarking, Task 2 Initial Formulation Development, Task 3 Initial CARC Testing, Task 4 Targeted Development, Chemspeed Autoplant A100TM, Task 5 Formulation CARC Testing, Task 6 Optimization, Task 8 Transition Planning, Year 1 Project Plan, Overall Project Plan, Project Funding, Deliverables.


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Question: Young men and the squeeze of masculinity: the Inaugural Paper for the Centre for Young Men's Studies

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In autumn 2004, the inaugural ‘Centre for Young Men’s Studies’ was launched after funding was secured from the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust. The Centre is a partnership between the Community Youth Work department at the University of Ulster and YouthAction Northern Ireland. The Centre resides within INCORE – the International Centre for Conflict and Peace Studies at the University of Ulster. The aim of the Centre for Young Men’s Studies is to promote a culture of learning, development and excellence through action research, innovative practice and training in regard to young men living in Northern Ireland.

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title
For instance, <<['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Image storage was investigated in a liquid-crystalline azobenzene polymer film based on circular-polarization holographic recording. An image was stored in pure polarization holograms using two orthogonal circularly polarized 532 nm beams and was reconstructed with a 633 nm beam. The polarization holograms showed high stability and a high diffraction efficiency of 31.8%. Moreover, the polarization holograms could convert arbitrary probe polarization state into circular polarization, and the diffraction efficiency was dependent on the probe polarization state, which was favorable for controlling the reconstructed images.']>>  to <<['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Image storage based on circular-polarization holography in an azobenzene side-chain liquid-crystalline polymer.']>>

This is an edited version of a presentation made to the New Perspectives on Homelessness Research conference at the University of Melbourne, in July 2013.


Question: A Processor Assignment Problem for ATM Switch Configuration

In this paper, we deal with a processor assignment problem that minimizes the total traffic load of an ATM switch controller by optimally assigning processors to ATM interface units. We develop an integer programming (IP) model for the problem, and devise an effective tabu search heuristic. Computational results reveal the efficacy of the proposed tabu search procedure, finding a good quality solution within 5% of optimality gap.

These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Preparation and Spectroscopic Properties of Monolayer-Protected Silver Nanoclusters

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Silver nanoclusters protected by 2-phenylethanethiol (1), 4-fluorothiophenol (2), and l-glutathione (3) ligands were successfully synthesized. The optical properties of the prepared silver nanoclusters were studied. The absorption signal of Ag@SCH2CH2Ph in toluene can be found at 469 nm, and Ag@SPhF in THF shows two absorption bands at 395 and 462 nm. Ag@SG in water absorbs at 478 nm. Mie theory in combination with the Drude model clearly indicates the peaks in the spectra originate from plasmonic transitions. In addition, the damping constant as well as the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium was determined. In addition, the CD spectra of silver nanoclusters protected by the three ligands (1–3) were also studied. As expected, only the clusters of type 3 gave rise to chiroptical activity across the visible and near-ultraviolet regions. The location and strength of the optical activity suggest an electronic structure of the metal that is highly sensitive to the chiral environment imposed by the g...

47. Quantum Chemical Studies of Molecular Structures and Potential Energy Surfaces of Porphyrins and Hemes. 48. Models for the Electronic Structure of Metalloporphyrins from High-Resolution X-ray Diffraction and Ab Initio Calculations. 49. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Applied to Porphyrin Chemistry. 50. Molecular Simulations and Normal-Coordinate Structural Analysis of Porphyrins and Heme Proteins. 51. Resonance Raman Spectra of Heme Proteins and Model Compounds. 52. Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Petroporphyrins. 53. Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of Heme Proteins and Model Systems. 54. Mass Spectrometry of Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins.


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Question: Identification of the Oka strain of the live attenuated varicella vaccine from other clinical isolates by molecular epidemiologic analysis.

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A method was developed to distinguish the Oka vaccine strain of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) from other clinical isolates. The molecular characteristics of 52 clinical isolates from varicella or zoster patients with no history of VZV vaccination and the Oka strain, including vaccine and parental viruses, were analyzed by PstI cleavage of the PstI site-less (PSL) region. This was followed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) after polymerase chain reaction amplification of repeating region 2 (R2). Most of the clinical isolates tested, especially recent isolates, had a PstI site in the PSL region, but the Oka strain did not. The SSCP patterns of R2 in Oka strain virus differed from those of other viruses. These results suggest that analysis of the PstI site followed by SSCP of R2 will be useful for identifying the Oka vaccine virus in isolates.

This paper describes the usefulness of combining typing methods (antibiotyping, phage typing, plasmid profile, and ribotyping) in the characterization of a Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) strain as the causal agent of an outbreak associated with cured ham, Serrano variety, which is an unusual infection source of Salmonella. Human isolates and the majority of ham isolates showed identical biochemical profiles, antibiotypes, plasmid profiles, and ribotypes. However, some ham isolates showed a different plasmid profile. Phage typing was inconclusive where no isolate corresponded to recognized phage types. Ribotyping was also used to confirm the epidemiological relationship of the outbreak strain with an endemic clonal line of S. typhimurium in Asturias. This was defined in terms of combined ribotype with four restriction endonucleases (EcoRI, SalI, PvuII and PstI).


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Question: Novel iodine catalyzed diastereoselective synthesis of trans-2,6-disubstituted tetrahydro-2H-pyrans: synthesis of C1–C13 fragment of bistramide-A

A new method for the stereoselective synthesis of trans 2.6-disubstituted tetrahydro-2H-pyrans has been developed involving iodine catalyzed allylation of tetrahydro-2H-pyranol with excellent trans selectivity. The method was also applied toward the construction of C1–C13 fragment of bistramide-A in 11 steps with 21.4% overall yield.

Regioselectivity of Ln(OTf)3-catalysed alcoholysis of 2,3- and 3,4-epoxy alcohols was closely investigated to expand the scope of the transformations. The synthetic use was demonstrated by application to the construction of 4-propoxy-5-hydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (C4-propoxy-HPD), which is a potent synthetic mediator in AI-2 quorum sensing.


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Question: Salivary antibodies to Hellcobacter pylori: screening dyspeptic patients before endoscopy

Diagnostic tests on saliva have advantages compared with those on serum. In 119 consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for endoscopy we developed and validated an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect salivary immunoglobulins to Helicobacter pylori. Salivary IgG distinguished positive and negative cases (p < 0.0001), but salivary IgA did not. The optimum performance of salivary IgG (85%) was similar to that of serum IgG (90%) and better than that of salivary IgA. Using our assay and a history of regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories in screening patients under 45 years, we detected all peptic ulcers while saving 39% of endoscopies.

Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title!

Theobjective of our study was to assess the incidence ofreinfection and new ulceration events after demonstratedHelicobacter pylori eradication, in a cohort of patientswith recurrent duodenal ulcers.Materials and MethodsWe followed up the natural history of duodenal ulcerdisease in 115 patients (83 males, mean age 54.8 years).All of them had a previous diagnosis of recurrent duodenalulcer documented by endoscopy, and associated H. pyloriinfection as shown by histology and serology.The starting point of the study was considered theconfirmed eradication of the bacterium and DU absence atthree months after the end of antibiotic treatment. Eachpatient underwent the monitoring scheme at 6, 12 and 24months after the starting point.The presence of Helicobacter pylori infection wasjudged: 1) by histology (Giemsa staining) on biopsiesobtained during endoscopy from the antrum and thefundus; and 2) by measuring specific IgG antibodiesagainst H. pylori by a commercial enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA).


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Question: Multinational Disease Surveillance Programs: Promoting Global Information Exchange for Infectious Diseases.

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Cross-border surveillance for emerging diseases such as Ebola and other infectious diseases requires effective international collaboration. We surveyed representatives from 12 multinational disease surveillance pro- grams between January 2013 and April 2014. Our survey identified programmatic similarities despite variation in health priorities, geography, and socioeconomic context, providing a contemporary perspective on infectious disease surveillance networks. The 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR) require member states to report to the World Health Organization (WHO) public health events of international concern, in recognition that a broad array of infectious diseases, environ- mental issues, and other public health concerns cross interna- tional borders and often necessitate an international response. 1

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Increasing Rate of Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS in Iranian Chil-dren: An Alarm for Health Policymakers


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Question: Simple analysis on the origin of Wei Yingwu's poem style

Expounds the origin of Wei Yingwu's poem style from the aspects of social background, personal factor, and the inheriting and development of former culture. Analyses the connection and source among each factor in the creation of the poem.

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Xin Shi Shuo is the period of the republic of Chinese YiZongKui imitation in Shi Shuo Xin Yu.As a Chinese classical novel properties of notes and unofficial historical works,who despite its influence and artistic accomplishment and in Shi Shuo Xin Yu but the scholars image of Xin Shi Shuo are very characteristics,this paper will be worth to study Xin Shi Shuo involved in sorting the scholars were analyzed.


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Question: Research on relationship between psychological conditions and EEG in patients with hepatolenticular degeneration

Objective:To research the relationship between psychological conditions and EEG in the patients with hepatolenticular degeneration(HLD).Methods:Applying SCL (Scl-90) for psychological evaluation to 52 patients with HLD,performing 16 channel EEG,and then to compare the correlation between the psychological conditions and EEG.Results:The patients with compulsion,depression,anxiety and terror appeared abnormal EEG easily.Conclusion:In order to detect the psychological abnormality and extensive damage to brain function in time,we should not only concern about the decopper treatment in the patients with HLD,but also attach importance to psychological state and EEG examination,

This article reviews the clinical application of "Luotai Injection" and "Xuesaitong Injection" in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,vascular blockage of retina,complications of diabetes,sudden deafness,angiitis and so on.


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Question: Electric field-induced hole injection-enhanced photoluminescence in a N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)-benzidine-based emitter

Non-monotonic, asymmetrical electric field dependence of photoluminescence (PL) intensity is observed in a monolayer sample of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (AlQ) doped N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)-benzidine (TPD). A possible model is proposed: the charge separation from the dissociated photoexcited excitons causes energy band bending in the organic films and improves the hole injection from the electrode, which brings about the extra fluorescence. This mechanism is further verified by a series of experiments using a series of samples, variously featuring symmetrical electrodes, block layers, and hosts with lower hole mobilities.

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ABSTRACTA series of bromo-substituted triphenylamine based poly(azomethine)s (P1-P3) were synthesized from the N1-(4-aminophenyl)-N1-(4-bromophenyl)benzene-1,4-diamine (DA) and aromatic dialdehydes...


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Question: Discussion on Utilization Ratio of Foreign Language Books & Periodicals in Library

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The paper discusses on cause for the low utilization ratio of foreign language books periodicals in libraries and analyses some mistaken ideals, then points out that the main reason of the low utilization ratio is in a small number of readers and low ability of readers in foreign language, the utilization will not be improved greatly in a long time. To raise the utilization ratio, provide the readers with good services and satisfy the readers are the main responsibility and pursuit of the librarians.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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The provided query could be '['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Networks between Manufacturing and Demand — Cases from Textile and Clothing Industries']' and the positive '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Since the early 50s textile and clothing (TC) industries have undergone two strong waves of technological change the effects of which are still important today, or which have not yet completely appeared.']' and the negative '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', '1. Twenty Years of Software Development in China 2. Software Industrialization and Globalization-Opportunities and Challenges for China 3. On the Road towards Innovated-in-China-Examples from SAP Labs China 4. From Made-in-China to Innovated-in-China-Which Microeconomic Factors Are Still Needed? 5. Factors Influencing the Transition-Education and Intellectual Property Protection']'

Question: Analysis of public safety traffic on trunked land mobile radio systems

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Mobile radio systems for public safety and agencies engaged in emergency response and disaster recovery operations must support multicast voice traffic. In this paper, we analyze the distribution of call interarrival and call holding times for multicast voice (talk group) traffic on a transmission trunked mobile radio system. In such systems, the channel is held only while a user is making a call (while the push-to-talk key is pressed and the radio is transmitting). We find that the call interarrival time distributions are exponential and exhibit tendency toward long-range dependence. The call holding times best fit lognormal distributions and are not correlated. A potentially important implication of these findings is that performance estimation methods that assume memoryless Markov arrival and departure processes may not be viable approaches.

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This article gives an overview of four Model Initiative projects that are part of the Northern Shenandoah Valley Model Deployment Initiative. The first project described is the Northern Shenandoah Valley Public Mobility Program which is focused on providing a network dispatching system involving communications and vehicle location interagency client ridesharing and vehicle sharing with demand responsive and flex-routing. The second project is known as the Pegasus Project which involves the improvement of emergency medical treatment through one-way, real-time video imaging between the local rescue squad and a university emergency medical helicopter. The third project is Travel Shenandoah, designed to provide traveler advisories and information, and tourist information. The final project is the Winchester Medical Center Emergency Vehicle Routing system. This project will focus on institutional coordination, emergency vehicle routing, vehicle tracking, and signal preemption/intersection monitoring.


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Question: An improved approximation of the transmission line parameters of overhead wires

The accuracy of the E.D. Sunde (1968) approximation for the transmission-line parameters of overhead wires is improved by adding an exponential term. Errors in the real and imaginary parts are contained within 1.5%. The modified approximation can easily be implemented in computer-aided analysis and design as well as in pocket-calculator calculations. >

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A procedure for estimating the value of the equilibrium voltage based on just a few voltage readings obtained in the early stage of the measurement process.


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For instance you may be given '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Automotive User Terminal and Base Station with Associated Printer']' and it should match with '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'IR system, from a predetermined position, and writes the specific information relating to the accident occurs at the predetermined position. The system includes a user terminal for recording specific details of the accident. Data acquisition unit for communication with the user terminal and collects data related to the accident. The processor is in communication with the data acquisition unit, and processing the collected data to provide a data format suitable for printing. The printing unit, is connected to the user terminal in order from the location of the incident, to print the said format data to provide information about the accident.']' but not with '['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Abstract : Contents: Routing and Acknowledgement Schemes for the Packet Radio System; System Capacity and Data Rate Considerations; Radio frequency Channel Capacity Considerations; Measurement Program for Packet Radio Channel Characterization; Dynamically Allocated Multiple-Channel Network Concept; Notes on Radar Test; Modulation Waveform Types; Synchronization Preambles; Impact of Channet Options on Repeater Design; Power Budget Analysis; Powers Sources for Repeaters and Terminals; Criteria of Code Selection in Minimum Shift Keyer Sense; and Microprocessor Components.']'.

Question: Information Literacy Assessment: A Review of Objective and Interpretive Measures

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Information literacy has been recognized as a critical skill by professional associations and regional accrediting bodies. Consequently, institutions are increasingly integrating information literacy instruction into the academic curriculum, in turn creating the need to assess instructional impact. However, information literacy is a relatively new concept and credible assessment tools are only now forthcoming. This paper summarizes several information literacy assessment tools recent to the market, including three instruments that measure cognitive knowledge of information literacy skills at the general education level, and a test that measures knowledge of information sources and structures pertinent to the field of education. Information literacy has roots in library instruction, and two techniques derived from bibliometrics, a library and information science research method, are also presented.

1. Introduction 2. Student Learning Environment 3. Principles of Formative Assessment and Feedback 4. Using Formative Assessment and Formative Feedback in Learning and Teaching 5. Formative Feedback and Reflective Learning 6. Types of Formative Assessment and Feedback 7. Making Use of ICTs for Formative Feedback 8. Benefits of Formative Feedback for Academic Staff 9. Conclusions


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Question: The data processing of the explosive detection system based on nuclear quadrupole resonance

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This paper analyzes the signal of Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) and the data processing of NQR signal based on Fourier Transform, and advances a new data processing method of NQR signal with higher S/N , and a distinguishing method between the NQR signal and sine disturbing signals.

Identification and quantification of potentially harmful substances concealed in fluorescent containers were achieved at a distance of 12 metres using stand off spatial offset Raman scattering.


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Question: Multi-religions Humanity of Quanzhou through Stone Tablets of Mount Qingyuan

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The religions of Quanzhou in history consisted of homeland Taoism,folk belief,and outsiders such as Buddhism,Islam,Christian,Hindustan,Manichean,and Judaism etc.which co-existed harmoniously.Through Mount Qingyuan's stone tablets,the harmonious coexistent of Buddhism,Taoism and Islam and their co-building of holy cave is illustrated,monks together with folks in share-effort constructed temples indicating three religions converged and their harmonious co-existence.And folks worship for ancestors in the temple of Mount Turtle,the co-building of college and temple all indicate the close relationship among folk belief,Confucianism,and Taoism.

Itihasa Legend and History Purana, Jatra, Puja Myth, Theater, Ritual Bazaar Merchants and Trade Andolan Rebellion and Transformation General Implications


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Question: The historic status and instructive significance of” Three Represent's”important thought

The historic status and instructive significance of“Three Repres ent's”important thought is the basic problem to be solved when we set off a new upsurge of study,propaganda and implementation.In order to reach a higher level of understanding,we should illustrate it in the way of combing theory and practice.The new level of understanding the theory mainly lies in that it is a integrated system of science,that it is the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China facing21st century and that it is the newest theoretical outcome of developing Marxism in China.The new level of developing practice mainly lies in that it is the fundamental guiding thought our Party should stick to for a long time and it is the source and profound mystery of our Party assuming power to invigorate the country and assuming power for the people.

The paper dissects the content of the "Surname" though the characters and the social theory" s angle.the "Surname" culture' s contents conclude three sides:the beginning and end of the collective marriage system the origin of female sex doctrine ,The core of faction system. the three sides contact closely at the same time they materialize the Chinese culture and the society changing courses in some degree.


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Question: Design and execution scheme of access control system of university based on CPU card

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To promote applications of CPU cards in high school,the principle of access control with CPU card is introduced.Based on analysis of characteristics of access management in high school,multilevel access management solution is designed,which resolves the data exchange issue,the real time control issue and the equipment monitoring issue.Taking Tsinghua University access control system with CPU card as a example,the affairs that need to notice in the upgrade process of access management system is stated,which provides reference for applications of CPU card in high school.

Based on the network environment of the client/server is a kind of typical business mode, according to certain request, the application to the existing business work mode, based on the collection and processing business critical data, this paper puts forward a method for such application of LAN monitoring system, and has been used in the structure of fiscal system based on network environment.


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Question: Entropy structure of 2d-Schwarzschild black holes and information loss

By means of the coherent state representation, the entropy structure of a 1+1 dimensional Schwarzschild black hole is discussed , and starting with the entropy structure, the problem concerned with the information loss is also investigated. It may be shown that the "lost information" does not lose but "be frozen" on the event horizon of the hole.

In the interface between general relativity and relativistic quantum mechanics, we analyse rotating effects on the scalar field subject to a hard-wall confining potential. We consider three different scenarios of general relativity given by the cosmic string spacetime, the spacetime with space-like dislocation and the spacetime with a spiral dislocation. Then, by searching for a discrete spectrum of energy, we analyse analogues effects of the Aharonov-Bohm effect for bound states and the Sagnac effect.


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Question: Semantically Enabling the SEMAT Project: Extending Marine Sensor Networks for Decision Support and Hypothesis Testing

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The SEMAT project is a multi-institution/multi-discipline program developing advanced wireless sensor networks to collect, store, process and interpret data in coastal systems. The marine environment, specifically coral reefs within the Great Barrier Reef, is one of the initial deployments for a prototype SEMAT network. Wireless sensor networks are being deployed to extract environmental data for research into environmental issues such as climate change, water quality and ecosystem health. Remote monitoring networks in remote marine locations are logistically challenging. However, the interpretation of the complex multidimensional data generated is a problem of at least equal complexity. Application of the semantic tools and methods developed in the Semantic Reef project are being mapped onto the SEMAT use-cases with the goal to develop a data model capable of complex inference, as well as conventional data storage and analysis.

Foundations of Semantic Web Reasoning.- Composing Frameworks and Components for Families of Semantic Web Applications.- Semantic Web Logic Programming Tools.- Web Rules Need Two Kinds of Negation.- Reasoning in Practice.- Towards the Adaptive Semantic Web.- On Reasoning on Time and Location on the Web.- Reasoning about Communicating Agents in the Semantic Web.- Query and Rule-Languages.- A Visual Language for Web Querying and Reasoning.- XML Document Adaptation Queries (XDAQ): An Approach to Adaptation Reasoning Using Web Query Languages.- On Types for XML Query Language Xcerpt.- Integrating Description Logics and Answer Set Programming.- Semantics and Knowledge Representation.- Extracting Mathematical Semantics from Documents.- Reasoning in Attempto Controlled English.- Systematics and Architecture for a Resource Representing Knowledge about Named Entities.


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Question: Problems of the Rentier State Approach in Comparative Perspective

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The rentier state approach deeply influenced the discussion on the socio-economic and socio-political development of the Middle East. Yet, the adherents of the approach confined their research on positive cases, thereby neglecting critical objections according to which there are rent-receiving systems whose development did not meet the expectations of the rentier state approach.The paper examines this criticism by dealing with cases studies inside and outside the region of the Middle East. In this way, the author shows that the rentier state approach is not exposed to a significant problem of deviant cases. Moreover, the article identifies research desiderates that scholars of the rentier state approach should take up.

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Fewshot example: "['Represent the input', 'The classical Hotelling game is played on a line segment whose points represent uniformly distributed clients. The n players of the game are servers who need to place themselves on the line segment, and once this is done, each client gets served by the player closest to it. The goal of each player is to choose its location so as to maximize the number of clients it attracts.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Hotelling Games with Random Tolerance Intervals']"

Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: EMS Current Status and Development Analysis

With rapid economic development,China's express industry has made great progress in these years.EMS-a atate-owned enterprise has remained a dominant position in the past year,however,with China's accession to the WTO,DHL and UPS developed rapidiy in China which occupied big market share in Chinese wxpress market,private express company was develped at the mean time,Under such circumstances,how to play to the advantage against the challenges?Based on the current status of EMS,author has offered seven improvement steps for open discussion.