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Question: Europe, 1648-1815: From the Old Regime to the Age of Revolution

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To give you a sense - "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'We considerN independent, linear, Gaussian stochastic systems, each controlled by a decision maker having independent measurements on his own system. The decision makers agree to cooperate in order to minimize a weighted sum of their own independent quadratic performance indices. For this, they may or may not exchange their measurements on line. If further constraints (such as the restriction to memoryless feedbacks) are imposed, an example shows that the best solution is not always decentralized; that is, exchanging information really improves the overall performance. Moreover, some properties of the best decentralized feedbacks are investigated; they are local minima in a more general class and even absolute minima in particular situations.']" should be close to "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Information exchange between independent stochastic systems']"

1. THE PROBLEM OF DIVINE-RIGHT MONARCHY Bourbon France Stuart England Century of Genius/Century of Everyman Summary 2. THE OLD REGIMES The Economic "Revolutions" The Established Powers The Newcomers War and Diplomacy, 1713-1763 Summary 3. THE ENLIGHTENMENT The Philosophes and Their Program of Reform, 1690-1776 Enlightened Despots Russia, 1725-1825 George III and American Independence Challenges to the Enlightenment Summary 4. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON The Causes of Revolution The Dissolution of the Monarchy The First Republic Napoleon and France Napoleon and Europe The Legacy of the Revolution Summary Chronology Suggested Readings

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Introduction: North America in the World/The World in North America. - The Three States of North America. - Neighbors and Partners. - Global Forces. - Regional Factors. - Trading Places. - Promise - and Peril. - North and South. - Between East and West. - Conclusion: Predicaments and Possibilities.


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Question: Analytical Aerodynamic Simulation Tools for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

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Wind power is a renewable energy source that is today the fastest growing solution to reduce CO2 emissions in the electric energy mix. Upwind horizontal axis wind turbine with three blades has ...

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Wind Characteristics: Strong Winds and Tropical Cyclones. Wind Characteristics: Long Term Wind Statistics. Wind Loading of Tall Buildings. Wind Loading of Low Rise Structures. Instrumentation and Experimental Techniques for Wind Loading. Safety and Risk: Wind Codes Low Rise Building Wind Resistant Design. Wind Loading of Chimneys and Cooling Towers. Wind Loading of Bridges. Wind Loading of Cables and Transmission Lines. Wind Loading of Towers and Offshore Platforms. Fundamentals of Bluff Body Aerodynamics. Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Mathematical Models of Wind Loading. Internal Pressures, Natural Ventilation and Heat Losses Due to Wind. Topographic Modelling, Dispersion of Gaseous Pollutants. Wind Environment and Shelter. Wind Characteristics: Structure and Statistics. Wind Characteristics: Flow Over Hills and Ridges. Wind Power Systems. Appendices.


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Question: The mechanical-chemical attachment between the artificial articular cartilage (PVA-hydrogel) and metal substrate (or underlying bone).

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PVA-hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility as well as preferable tribological characteristics as an artificial articular cartilage. One of the most difficult problems is the attachment of PVA-hydrogel to the underlying bone (or metal substrate). In the present study, the micro-mechanical attachment between the PVA-hydrogel and metal fibre mesh was at first accomplished to obtain a composite artificial cartilage device (CACD), then the surface of fibre mesh is chemically bonded to the metal substrate (or underlying bone) by adhesive (PMMA). This method can be used to accomplish mechanical-chemical attachment between composite artificial cartilage device and underlying bone (or metal substrate). Microstructure analysis and mechanical tests indicate that the CACD can be firmly bonded to the metal substrate (or underlying bone).

Osteoporosis is a worldwide spread, silent disease steadily increasing due to demographic shift; it results in bone loss and increased porosity that lead to an increase in bone fragility and to low-energy fractures. In such a contest, we worked on the development of 3D scaffolds engineered to mimic the features of human healthy bone. Healthy and osteoporotic bone microCT scans were obtained from tissues discarded during surgical interventions (Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli-Italy). The obtained .STL file was used to 3D print a type I collagen solution to mimic bone matrix whereas mesoporous bioactive glass/nano-hydroxyapatite were embedded within the collagen fibers to mimic the inorganic phase of human bone. The rheological properties of the Type I collagen/mesoporous glass suspensions were investigated at different collagen concentration and temperatures. The possibility of incorporating growth factors (IGF and β-TGF) in the scaffold struts was investigated proposing several approaches and their retained a...


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Question: Corrosion behavior of NdFeB with Co and V additions

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Two NdFeB materials were selected for study. The first is referred to as a base or standard alloy with a composition of (NdDy)15FebalAl0.7B6, and the second is similar, Nd13.5Dy1.5FebalCo5V4AlB8, but alloyed with Co and V. The corrosion behavior of magnets made with these two materials is compared by two different techniques, autoclave testing at elevated temperature and pressure for 96 h, and dc electrochemical testing in an aqueous electrolyte. For the former, the base alloy exhibited poor corrosion resistance with a weight loss on the order of 270 mg/cm2. Significantly, the Co‐V‐treated samples yielded excellent corrosion resistance, showing no change in weight. Two types of electrochemical tests were performed on electrodes of each material, potentiodynamic polarization and constant potential in sodium sulfate solutions at pH from 1.5 to 4.4. Consistent with the autoclave tests, electrochemical experiments show lower currents for the Co‐V alloys.

AbstractThis paper aims to obtain rare earth magnesium alloy with good adhesion and corrosion resistance. The work was concerned with the electrochemical behaviors of Co(II), Mg(II), Pr(III) on Pt ...


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Question: A Cross-Country Analysis of the Tax-Push Hypothesis

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This paper presents a microeconomic theoretical model of union optimizing behavior which is then used to test the relevance of the tax-push hypothesis for wage formation in nine Western European countries. Two factors—the compensation and the progressivity effects—are shown by the model to account for the effect (if any) of tax rates on wage formation. A wage equation tested for the period 1960-1988 shows that in general small open economies have negligible compensation and progressivity effects, while in larger economies direct, indirect and social security tax rates are transferred onto the real labor cost. All countries show a weakening of the tax shifting starting at the end of the 1970s or the beginning of the 1980s.

The Economics of Residential Property Theoretical Building Blocks for the Analysis of Housing Markets Housing and the Wider Economy in the Short and Long Run House Price Shocks and Consumption with Forward Looking Households Housing Wealth, Bequests and Financial Liberalization in the Major Economies The Theory of Economies in Transition Assessing the Impact of Financial Liberalization and Income Shocks on Consumption Evidence from Aggregate Data Consumption, Human Capital and Housing Wealth Evidence from Household Data Financial Liberalization and the Design of Mortgage Contracts Policy Issues.


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Question: Testing Hirschi's integration of social control and rational choice: are bonds considered in offender decisions?

Hirschi suggested that social control and choice theories can be linked because social bonds may restrain offending by increasing the consideration of costs within the offending decision itself. Despite considerable research on both theories, no previous criminological research has examined the manner in which bonds may constrain offending. A diverse sample of male and female felony offenders (n = 1013) from a southwestern correctional system were asked about their levels of belief in conventional values, attachment to family and religious involvement and commitment, as well as their perception of the certainty and severity of potential costs associated with a hypothetical drunk driving scenario. Hirschi's contention was supported in multivariate path models that demonstrated cost considerations did in fact mediate the relationship between social bonds and drunk driving likelihood. These results link two dominant and impactful control theories in criminology, and suggest that to increase the effectiveness...

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Recent longitudinal analyses of policing resources, both cross- and within-jurisdictional studies, raise serious questions about the explanatory power of the public choice and conflict perspectives of crime control. The present study, which examines the determinants of police expenditures within Chicago from 1904 to 1958, indicates that idiosyncratic historical processes may temper the influence of environmental factors on the capacity of municipalities to provide crime control.


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Question: Error resilience of video transmission by rate-distortion optimization and adaptive packetization

We propose new schemes to introduce error resilience into the compressed video bitstreams for transmission over packet networks. First, we develop an adaptive packetization scheme that prohibits any dependency across packets, for error resilience purposes, while exploiting the dependency within each packet to improve the source coding performance. Secondly, we address a two-layer rate-distortion optimization scheme to serve our packetization method. We also use forward error correction (FEC) coding across packets to provide further error protection. Finally, we present a simplified version of our schemes to make it fully compliant with the current ITU video coding standard - H.263+.

Multiple description coding (MDC) is applied for delay-sensitive data traffic to alleviate interruptions caused by primary users in cognitive radio systems. For Gaussian source, a simplified algorithm for the exhaustive search of optimal distortions and rates is proposed based on the achievable region of coding rates and delay requirement. For practical realtime image coding, source splitting is applied to generate multiple descriptions. When there is a single channel, two successive descriptions are composed of large and small coefficients in discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain, respectively. When there are two channels, even and odd coefficients in DCT domain are used to construct two parallel descriptions. Numerical results show that MDC can effectively combat the interruptions caused by primary users in cognitive radio systems.


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Question: Flora differentiation among local ecotopes in the transzonal study of forest–steppe and steppe mounds

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Flora similarity was assessed using complete floristic lists of five ecotopes in each of four mounds along the transect from meadow steppes to desert steppes. It was found that the circumapical similitude of floras is more significant than the expositional similitude. Soil analysis in separate ecotopes showed that regular changes in the biogeochemical features are manifested along the topographic gradient and under the effect of the insolation exposure of slopes in local (mound) ecosystems. It was noted that the slopes are characterized by the most abundant steppe vegetation classes in the phytosociological spectrum of mound ecotopes.

Abstract The global taxonomic list of the Odzala national Park consists 238 species belonging to 47 families. Comparison of the transects floristical composition has allowed us to point out three forests clusters, confirmed by the DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) of dense forests releves:—western forests, where diversity is higher and constituted by the Plagiostyles africana and Coelocaryon preussii plant community;—central-south forests, groups dominated by the Pausinystalia macroceras and Dialium pachyphyllum community; the north eastern forests, where species diversity index are lower and characterized by Keayodendron bridelioides and Markhamia tomentosa. At the families level, the diversity of the Mimosaceae, Burseraceae and Myristicaceae changes according to the gradient southwest/northeast, characterized with a conspicuous species impoverishment.


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Question: SparkArray: An Array-Based Scientific Data Management System Built on Apache Spark

With the highly demanded requirements for manipulating large scientific datasets, scientists are in need of flexible cluster-level software to execute fast scientific data analysis. In this paper, we discuss whether the Apache Spark framework is suitable for scientific data management. We present our system SparkArray, which extends Spark with a multidimensional array data model and a set of common used array operations (e.g., filter, subarray, smooth and join). We present analysis and performance evaluation results on different implementation methods for executing array operations on clusters. We also compared the performance of SparkArray to SciDB, a recent scientific database management system, using the workloads of the Standard Science DBMS Benchmark (SS-DB). The results show that SparkArray is feasible alternative solution for large-scale scientific data management, especially when scientists require fast data loading or one-time data analysis on large scientific datasets.

Foundations of Semantic Web Reasoning.- Composing Frameworks and Components for Families of Semantic Web Applications.- Semantic Web Logic Programming Tools.- Web Rules Need Two Kinds of Negation.- Reasoning in Practice.- Towards the Adaptive Semantic Web.- On Reasoning on Time and Location on the Web.- Reasoning about Communicating Agents in the Semantic Web.- Query and Rule-Languages.- A Visual Language for Web Querying and Reasoning.- XML Document Adaptation Queries (XDAQ): An Approach to Adaptation Reasoning Using Web Query Languages.- On Types for XML Query Language Xcerpt.- Integrating Description Logics and Answer Set Programming.- Semantics and Knowledge Representation.- Extracting Mathematical Semantics from Documents.- Reasoning in Attempto Controlled English.- Systematics and Architecture for a Resource Representing Knowledge about Named Entities.


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Question: Hyperbolic discounting and uniform savings floors

I develop a general equilibrium model populated by agents with varying degrees of hyperbolic discounting who vote for a uniform savings floor. Although partial equilibrium intuition suggests that all individuals will prefer to have some constraint on their consumption/savings decision, I find that even the smallest amount of heterogeneity in preferences leads to very large differences in preferred policies. In fact, policy preferences are extreme: each individual either prefers having no floor imposed on the population or having a floor so high that it eliminates all borrowing and lending. I demonstrate that both endogenously determined prices and dynamically inconsistent preferences are necessary for this result. Finally, I consider how the equilibrium savings floor depends on the average amount of self-control in the population.

There are many possible connections between VSL and behavioral economics. A list of topics includes endowment effects, risk salience, ambiguity aversion, present bias, reference groups, reference points, and experienced versus decision utilities. There are also nudges that connect to estimating or using VSL in government decisions and cousins of behavioral economic research including interpersonal heterogeneity, experiments, neuroeconomics, and beauty or personal attractiveness. Current evidence suggests that VSL and behavioral economics best connect via (1) possible multi-attribute reference group effects and (2) a possible distinction between decision utility and experienced utility.


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Question: Reconstruction of the Middle-Late Pleistocene and Holocene palaeoenvironments of the Piégu Palaeolithic site (Brittany, France) based on biostratigraphical data

This paper is devoted to the reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment of the surroundings of the Piegu archaeological site located in Brittany (France). For the first time a full set of the onshore and offshore stratigraphical subdivisions is described following three sections. These fundamental data were remaining unpublished up to now. The Western, Eastern and Offshore sections are illustrated by many different figures. The malacological determinations developed for this study are compared with preexisting palaeontological and geochronological data. The results of the determination of the continental malacofauna have been used to restore the original palaeoenvironments prevailing in this area during the sediments deposition. The complete stratigraphic history of the site, as well as the fauna, demonstrates the existence of three glacial / interglacial cycles contemporaneous with a human occupation.

Distribution of Tethyan Himalayan sequence and its paleogeography, breakup of Pangaea and formation of Tethys Sea; extent of Tethys and division into Paleo-Tethys and Neo-Tethys; historical background; first aerial reconnaissance of Tethys Himalaya in Nepal; early fossil finds; ammonite myth; Wallich’s specimens from Muktinath; ammonites and belemnites collected in 1950 and 1955; detailed investigations of ammonites; plant fossils of Kagbeni; paleomagnetic investigations in Thakkhola; fossils from Phulchauki and Chandragiri hills.


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Question: Events Extraction and Aggregation for Open Source Intelligence: From Text to Knowledge

Due to the considerable increase of freely available data, the discovery of relevant information from textual content is a critical challenge. The work presented here takes part in ongoing researches to develop a global knowledge gathering system. It aims at building knowledge sheets summarizing all the pieces of information we know about events extracted from text. For this sake, we define a global process bringing together different methods and components from multiple domains of research.

Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase


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Question: TheXYZAlgorithm For Real-Time Compression of Full-Motion Video

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Abstract In this paper, we describe a new full-motion video compression algorithm, based on three-dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform. The algorithm, called XYZ -video compression, takes advantage of statistical behaviour of video data both in spatial and temporal domains. We demonstrate the algorithm by implementing it in software and comparing it with the MPEG video compression standard. The results show a significant superiority of the proposed XYZ -video compression algorithm compared to the MEPG standard. This superiority is shown in several key categories: (i) XYZ - video compression gives much higher compression ratios than the MPEG standard for the same quality of the decompressed video, and (ii) the compression time for XYZ algorithm is much shorter than for the MPEG standard. This suggests that the XYZ -video compression scheme can be efficiently applied for real-time video compression.

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AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionThe Information Sharing to Make Use of an ICT SystemThe Evaluation Function of the ICT SystemThe Value Propagation Chain Caused by the ICT SystemActive Use of the Evaluation Function in KPMAn Example of Visualizing the Effect of Risk Distribution on InvestmentSample calculationDiscussionConclusionReferences


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Question: Production Minimization Method and Optimization of Thermomechanical Systems. Power Optimization Versus Entropy Production Minimization in Thermomechanical Systems

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This paper reconsiders the Novikov and Curzon–Ahlborn power plant model in a completed form. The optimization of the proposed plant is done and comparison of various control volumes (converter; engine; engine with heat source and sink; or system: system in the environment) with respect to two objectives functions, power, and created entropy rates. Maximum power condition differs generally from minimum entropy generation rates. Moreover, a differentiation is enlightened concerning Angulo-Brown and Yan ecological criterions.

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Design of an Isolated Airfoil in an Ideal Incompressible Fluid. Account of Compressibility and Viscosity. Airfoil Design for a Given Range of Angels of Attack. Design of Mechanized Airfoils and Airfoils with Permeable Contour. Design Problems for Airfoils with Partially Given Contour. Airfoil Cascade Design. Aerohydrodynamically Reasonable Velocity Distributions. Regularization and Optimization in Inverse Boundary Value Problems of Hydrodynamics.


Question: Determination of arsenic and antimony in geological materials and natural waters by coprecipitation with selenium and neutron activation—γ-spectrometry

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Abstract A simple, quantitative method for collecting arsenic and antimony from the digests of geological materials and from salt and fresh waters is described. The procedure involves the addition of selenium(IV) to an acidified sample followed by precipitation of selenium by tin(II) chloride. The precipitate is collected, dried, and irradiated. Arsenic and antimony are quantified directly from the activities of 76 As and 122 Sb, respectively. The method has detection limits of 9 ng As and 12 ng Sb per gram of rock or 500 g of water, and has been applied to eight new reference standards from the U.S. Geological Survey. Gold is quantitatively collected by the same procedure.

Solvent extraction of gallium(III) into methyl isobutyl ketone from hydrochloric acid solutions containing titanium (III) sulphate provides a rapid method for separation of gallium from an iron/aluminium matrix and may be employed to eliminate the interference of these elements in the flame emission spectrometric determination of gallium.


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Question: Designing Talbot array illuminators with phase-space optics.

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The problem of designing Talbot array illuminators is revisited in the context of phase-space optics. It is shown that for Talbot array illuminators with optimum compression ratio the construction of phase-only grating profiles can be simplified significantly by using phase-space representations of optical signals. Based on the Wigner distribution function a graphical procedure is derived for obtaining the complete design of the array generator for a given compression ratio. The application of phase-space optics to other classes of Talbot array illuminators, and its use as part of numerical optimization algorithms, is considered as well.

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We describe several extensions to TIM, a raytracing program for ray-optics research. These include relativistic raytracing; simulation of the external appearance of Eaton lenses, Luneburg lenses and generalized focusing gradient-index (GGRIN) lenses, which are types of perfect imaging devices; raytracing through interfaces between spaces with different optical metrics; and refraction with generalised confocal lenslet arrays, which are particularly versatile METATOYs.


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Question: Some remarks on the determination of quantum states by measurements

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The problem of state determination of quantum systems by the probability distributions of some observables is considered. In particular, we review a question already asked by W. Pauli, namely, the determination of pure states of spinless particles by the distributions of position and momentum. In this context we give a new example of two wave functions differing by a piecewise constant phase having the same position and momentum distributions. ThePauli problem is investigated also under incorporation of special types of the Hamiltonian. Moreover, in case of spin-1 systems with three-dimensional Hilbert space, it is shown that the probabilities for the values of six suitably chosen spin components determine their state.

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Abstract Formula useful for replacing second quantised operators by angular momentum operators are derived and commented on in the light of recent results on exchange interactions.


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Question: Properties of Ozonized Soybean Oil/Polymeric Methylene-Diphenyl-4,4′-Diisocyanate Adhesives and Their Adhesion Performance for Wood

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Abstract Ozonized soybean oil (OZSBO), obtained by the ozone cleavage reaction of the double bond of soybean oil, was reacted with polymeric methylene-diphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate (pMDI) to prepare wood adhesive. To investigate the feasibility of this preparation method, different polyurethane adhesives were prepared with a variety of equivalent molar ratios (eq-MRs) of OZSBO to pMDI. The chemical reactions of the adhesives were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared, and their thermal characteristics were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The OZSBO/pMDI resins with eq-MRs of 1:0.5, 1:0.75, and 1:1 showed an exothermic reaction at 150°C, resins with eq-MRs of 1:2 and 1:3 exhibited exothermic peaks at 185°C, and resins with an eq-MR of 1:4 presented an exothermic peak at 180°C. The maximum adhesion strength was reached when plywood was bonded using the adhesive with an eq-MR of 1:2. This result shows that adhesion strength was not proportionally increased wi...

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1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: Cephalometric image measurement and prediction system

A practical automatic cephalometric measurement and facial prediction system is built by using adaptive filtering and edge detecting techniques and some artificial intelligent approaches. The system not only realizes the automation from landmark location to parameter measurement on the cephalogram, but also makes the preoperative diagnostic design of orthognathic surgery quantitive. Compared with manual prediction, it provides a new method to enable the diagnosis and treatment of dento-maxillofacial deformities more accurately. It is significant for clinical application and scientific research.

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To give you a sense - "['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper\n\n\nTo give you a sense - "Children reared in homes headed by homosexual and heterosexual mothers were compared with respect to the mothers\' and children\'s attitudes towards marriage, procreation and homosexuality. The mothers did not prefer their chldren to be homosexual; they desired them to marry and procreate. This was expressed more unambiguously for their sons. The children mirrored these expectations, boys with greater frequency than the girls. Most of the children expressed reservations about having a homosexual mother." should be close to "The Children of Homosexual and Heterosexual Single Mothers"', 'Abstract A rapid and simple procedure for the preparation of the two pure enantiomers of 7-hydroxy-2-substituted-2,3-dihydro-1,4-beniodioxin derivatives is described.']" should be close to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Synthesis of enantiomerically pure 7-hydroxy-2-substituted-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin derivatives']"

Three-dimensional structure handling reactions and synthesis property prediction and analysis integrated systems.


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Question: Bias adjustment in Bayesian estimation of bird nest age-specific survival rates.

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The populations of many North American landbirds are showing signs of declining. Gathering information on breeding productivity allows early detection of unhealthy populations and helps develop good habitat-management practices. In this paper, we study the performance of the Bayesian model (He, 2003, Biometrics 59, 962-973) for age-specific nest survival rates with irregular visits. We find that the estimates are satisfactory except for the age-one survival rate. Usually the more days skipped between two visits, the more serious the underestimation of the age-one survival rate. We investigated the problem and developed three approaches to adjust for the underestimation bias. The simulation results show that the three approaches can significantly improve the estimation of the age-one survival rate.

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The build up of information in a continued capture-recapture experiment of simple random sampling of an open population is studied by predicting the conditional approximate Fisher information for abundance in data from one survey given the previous data. By neglecting the stochasticity in survival, a simple approximate likelihood is obtained. Optimal temporal allocation of a given total effort is found by numerical optimization for various objective functions based on the approximate Fisher information. For aerial photographic surveys of bowhead whales, the performance of estimates of abundance and of demographic parameters is compared between constant yearly survey effort and nominally optimal sampling by simulating a realistic model over 50 years. Copyright 2012, Oxford University Press.


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Question: Thermoelectric properties of AMg2X2, AZn2Sb2 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba; X = Sb, Bi), and Ba2ZnX2 (X = Sb, Bi) Zintl compounds

We report a theoretical investigation of the electronic structure and transport properties of eleven Zintl compounds including nine 122 phases (AMg2X2, AZn2Sb2 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba; X = Sb, Bi)) and two 212 phases (Ba2ZnX2 (X = Sb, Bi)). The electronic structures and electrical transport properties are studied using ab initio calculations and semi-classical Boltzmann theory within the constant relaxation time approximation. All the compounds are semiconducting. We find that the n-type 122 phases with the CaAl2Si2 structure type show better performance than p-type materials due to the multi-valley degeneracy with anisotropic carrier pockets at and near the conduction band minimum. The pocket anisotropy is beneficial in achieving high conductivity and Seebeck coefficient simultaneously. This mechanism yields substantial improvement in the power factor. The general performance of 212 phases is inferior to that of the 122 phases, with the Ba2ZnSb2 compound showing better performance.

Using literature data, experimental data obtained in this study, and a unified thermodynamic model, we have calculated the T-x-y phase diagrams of all the pseudoternary systems formed by the Group 14 chalcogenides: (Ge, Sn, Pb)Te, Pb(S, Se, Te), and Sn(S, Se, Te). The phase diagrams have been constructed using the known interaction parameters of the pseudobinary systems and the ternary interaction parameters derived from experimental data. The systems have small negative ternary interaction parameters, which decrease in the order β-(Ge, Sn, Pb)Te < β-Pb(S, Se, Te) < δ-Sn(S, Se, Te).


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Question: Study on Flower Induction and Keeps its Fresh of Cut Flower Wood of Weeping Golden-bell

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The cut flowing wood of Weeping Golden-bell was treating by different concentration of sucrose solution.The result indicates that the sucrose solution of low concentration can promote its bloom,and the high concentration restrain it.It is optimum that the sucrose solution of 3% is dealt with not only raise the blooming rate,but also lengthen the blooming time,and the effect of flower induction is good.

Introduction: One Is the Lonelist Number The Civic Catechism Agoraphobia The Rite Stuff The Bawdy Politic Selected Bibliography Index


Question: Analysis and optimization of frequency control in isolated microgrid with double-fed induction-generators based wind turbine

ABSTRACTIn this paper the role of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) was investigated, In particular, variable speed wind turbines (VSWT) based on double-fed induction-generator (DFIG) in contro...

This paper investigates the use of plug-in parking lots (SmartPark) as integral energy storage to improve small-signal stability using plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). The paper establishes the Phillips-Heffron model of a power system for a SmartPark solution. Based on this model, SmartPark-based stabilisers have been designed based using phase compensation to improve power system oscillation stability. The effectiveness of stabilisation superimposed on the active and reactive power regulators is verified by simulations obtained from a multi-machine power system model with SmartPark and a large-scale wind farm inclusion.


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Question: Multimodal Biometric Recognition Based on Complex KFDA

A novel multimodal biometric recognition algorithm based on complex kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (complex KFDA) is proposed. Complex KFDA exploits two phases to generalize KFDA and perform classification for the fusion feature set: complex KPCA plus complex LDA. As two distinct biometric modals, the features of iris and face are fused in parallel to test our algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves much better performance than other conventional multimodal biometric algorithms.

These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Double fore - axle steering machanism analyse and application

Take the design for the double fore - axle steering machanism of SX3400 self- dumping truck for example, this paper established mathematics model, compiled design program for steering machanism, calculation result of which satisfied matches between internal and external steering axles, and between fore and after wheels.

The characteristics of TRICONEX TS3000 system and applied in propylene refrigeration compressor unit are introduced.


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Question: Temperature and metal ions-dependent activity of the family I inorganic pyrophosphatase from the swine roundworm Ascaris suum.

Temperature dependence, heat stability and metal ions-dependent activity were examined on the Family I inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) recently identified from Ascaris suum. Recombinant A. suum PPase (rAsPPase) showed an optimal activity at 55°C. The rAsPPase was heat stable at 40°C in the absence of added Mg2+ and at 50°C in its presence. The enzyme required divalent metal ions for its activity. The preferences for the metal ions (5 mM concentration) were in the order: Mg2+> Co2+> Cu2+> Fe2+> Zn2+> Mn2+. On the contrary, enzyme activity was inhibited by Ca2+. These findings suggest that catalytic features of AsPPase are consistent with the Family I PPases reported from a wide range of organisms.

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The provided query could be "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The process of converting physical documents into digital texts generally requires a scanner tool to obtain high-quality document images. These high quality images will be read by OCR software to get digital text results. The weakness of this method is that OCR software requires a high quality document with low blur noise and no parallax in the image to have high accuracy. We developed an application to increase the document image quality with the help of Deep Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder, afterwards read by the OCR application. The final product of this program is a digital text converted from a document image which has been taken from a smartphone. There is an increase in accuracy using this application by 26.68% in a blurred image compare to standard Tesseract OCR and outperformed Simple OCR in average accuracy testing.']" and the positive "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'The Application of Deep Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder for Optical Character Recognition Preprocessing']"

Fasciolosis is an important foodborne, zoonotic disease of livestock and humans, with global annual health and economic losses estimated at several billion US$. Fasciola hepatica is the major species in temperate regions, while F. gigantica dominates in the tropics. In the absence of commercially available vaccines to control fasciolosis, increasing reports of resistance to current chemotherapeutic strategies and the spread of fasciolosis into new areas, new functional genomics approaches are being used to identify potential new drug targets and vaccine candidates. The glutathione transferase (GST) superfamily is both a candidate drug and vaccine target. This study reports the identification of a putatively novel Sigma class GST, present in a water-soluble cytosol extract from the tropical liver fluke F. gigantica. The GST was cloned and expressed as an enzymically active recombinant protein. This GST shares a greater identity with the human schistosomiasis GST vaccine currently at Phase II clinical trial...


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Question: Automatic control software for the blast-furnace shop

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The requirements, structure, and architecture of the Tekhnolog Domennogo Tsekha (TDT) workstation in the decision-making support system at the MES level are considered. This workstation forms part of the automatic control system for blast-furnace production at OAO Magnitogorskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat. The basic model subsystems are briefly described, and the assumptions on which simulation is based are specified. By means of the system developed, the engineering staff may analyze the conditions in the blast-furnace shop in real time, solve technological problems relating to the control of thermal, gasdynamic, and slag conditions in the blast furnaces, and calculate the optimal batch composition. The overall effect is to boost blast-furnace performance.


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Question: The contribution of agricultural export to economic growth in Ethiopia: a case of sesame product

A thesis submitted to the college of business & economics of Addis Ababa university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master in business administration in management

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Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been regarded as one of the important factor that stimulates the economic growth in most of the developing countries. However, fewer studies have explored the issue in the case of African region. This study examines the impact of FDI on economic growth for the Southern Africa Custom Union (SACU) countries namely; Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland. Employing panel data for the period of 1980-2010 and using dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS), the findings reveals satisfactory evidence that there is a positive impact of FDI on the economic growth for the SACU countries.


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Question: Application of speed protective equipment in rubber belt conveyer

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Introduceing the working principle, the application of pulse integrating circuit in speed protective equipment of strong rubber belt conveyer of mine rope core. It can protect the conveyor while it is overload.

The paper analyzes the main causes of wear for hammer crusher, and puts forward the measures for prolonging the hammer life of hammer crusher.


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Question: Assessing the Forecasting Performance of Structural Models for the Nominal Exchange Rate : The Colombian Case *

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This paper analyses the out-of-sample forecasting performance of three models for the USD/COP nominal exchange rate during the period 1984:I – 2004:I. The sticky price monetary (Dornbusch (1976) – Frankel (1979)) and the Balassa–Samuelson (which gives a central role to the productivity differentials) approaches are used. Additionally, the Purchasing Power Par ity condition (PPP) is analyzed. The forecasting ability of these models is comp ared using a random walk as a benchmark model. The metrics employed in evalua ting the forecasting performance are RMS, MAE, MAPE and U-Theil. It is found that despite the great ability to predict, no model outperforms the random walk. This conclusion strengthens the previous results in the nominal exchange rate modeling literature.

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The Economics of Residential Property Theoretical Building Blocks for the Analysis of Housing Markets Housing and the Wider Economy in the Short and Long Run House Price Shocks and Consumption with Forward Looking Households Housing Wealth, Bequests and Financial Liberalization in the Major Economies The Theory of Economies in Transition Assessing the Impact of Financial Liberalization and Income Shocks on Consumption Evidence from Aggregate Data Consumption, Human Capital and Housing Wealth Evidence from Household Data Financial Liberalization and the Design of Mortgage Contracts Policy Issues.


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Question: Corrosion resistant coating method for separator of molten carbonate fuel cell and coating agent therefor

A corrosion-resistant coating method for a separator of a molten carbonate fuel cell is provided to form a corrosion-resistant surface layer simply and inexpensively and prevent the contamination of the backside of an object to be coated. The corrosion-resistant coating method for a separator of a molten carbonate fuel cell comprises the steps of: (S10) mixing an aluminum powder and an organic additive to form an aluminum paste; (S20) coating the separator with the aluminum paste by screen printing; and (S30) heat-treating the separator for a predetermined time to form a surface layer composed of an aluminum compound on the separator. The coating agent consists of an aluminum paste formed by mixing the aluminum powder and the organic additive.

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A solid hydrogen energy device provided with a fluorine polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen supply device, a generating battery device and the like, wherein the hydrogen storage device comprises a hydrogen storage tank containing hydrogen storage particles, the average diameter of each hydrogen storage particle ranges from 20 mu m to 200 mu m, and each hydrogen storage particle is provided with an internal cavity surrounded by a porous wall; an air hole is formed in one end of the hydrogen storage tank, and a filter is arranged in the air hole; a casing of the hydrogen storage tank comprises a liner made of an iron-based porous metallic material and a carbon filter enhancement layer; and the generating battery device is provided with the polymer electrolyte membrane.


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Question: On the Measuring Error of Electrical Instrument with Eliminate Way

Because of various impacts in measuring,the electrical instrument could produce some measuring error on use.The article introduces the classification of these errors with the analysis of the causes of these errors,and provides the relevant eliminate ways.

Design of an Isolated Airfoil in an Ideal Incompressible Fluid. Account of Compressibility and Viscosity. Airfoil Design for a Given Range of Angels of Attack. Design of Mechanized Airfoils and Airfoils with Permeable Contour. Design Problems for Airfoils with Partially Given Contour. Airfoil Cascade Design. Aerohydrodynamically Reasonable Velocity Distributions. Regularization and Optimization in Inverse Boundary Value Problems of Hydrodynamics.


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Question: Response of bimaterials with interfacial tension subjected to axisymmetric body force

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"['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title\nExamples:\n\n\n"Abstract We consider a simplified model arising in radiation hydrodynamics based on the Navier–Stokes–Fourier system describing the macroscopic fluid motion, and a transport equation modeling the propagation of radiative intensity. We establish global-in-time existence for the associated initial–boundary value problem in the framework of weak solutions." == "On a model in radiation hydrodynamics"', 'Flora similarity was assessed using complete floristic lists of five ecotopes in each of four mounds along the transect from meadow steppes to desert steppes. It was found that the circumapical similitude of floras is more significant than the expositional similitude. Soil analysis in separate ecotopes showed that regular changes in the biogeochemical features are manifested along the topographic gradient and under the effect of the insolation exposure of slopes in local (mound) ecosystems. It was noted that the slopes are characterized by the most abundant steppe vegetation classes in the phytosociological spectrum of mound ecotopes.']" == "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Flora differentiation among local ecotopes in the transzonal study of forest–steppe and steppe mounds']"

This paper presents an analytical treatment of the boundary value problem of an isotropic elastic bimaterial full space with interfacial tension subjected to an axisymmetric body force. The interfa...

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This paper addresses the effects of the slip boundary condition on dynamics and pull-in instability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) containing internal fluid flow. Both the clamped–clamped and the cantilever boundary conditions are considered. The structure of CNTs is modelled using the size-dependent strain gradient theory (SGT) of continuum mechanics. It is shown that the Knudsen number (Kn) has a significant effect on the static and dynamic CNT response due to pull-in voltage loading and the existence of the instability region.


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Question: Agreement between the cell culture titrations of canine minute virus determined by two susceptibility-testing methods.

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Abstract The correct diagnosis of canine minute virus is critical in dog breeding. In this study, the Bland Altman test was used to compare the performance of two susceptibility-testing methods, namely polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The agreement between IFA and PCR in monocytes revealed a mean difference of −1752.16 with 95% confidence and an interval ranging from −3229.80 to −274.53 (SD = 2325.62). The agreement between IFA and PCR in Walter Reed canine cells (WRCC) revealed a mean difference of −2396.55 with 95% confidence and an interval ranging from −3774.63 to −1018.48 (SD = 2168.93). The Bland Altman test confirmed the overall accuracy of PCR vs IFA and the plot showed that all points were not randomly arranged in the range of average ±1.96 × SD of the differences.

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We compared whole blood dried on filter paper to the standard assay with frozen cell-free plasma for use in the quantitation of the human immunodeficiency virus RNA load in blood. RNA values from filter paper, corrected for the hematocrit, gave results comparable to those of the standard assay in terms of sensitivity and reproducibility.


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Question: Systems thinking and its contribution to understanding future designer thinking

AbstractDesign is changing in a radical way. The object of design is transforming from tangible objects into services and furthermore, into systems. Increasingly, new insights arise from the interfaces between diverse disciplines – such as art, science and technology – which through various discourses and paradigms have been specialized and driven apart. This discussion paper pinpoints the so-called systems thinkers, hybrid-people, whose methods and habits of work are constituted by the reconciliation of different disciplines. The article aims to bring more understanding to the kind of thinking that is needed in the complex and dynamic environment in which we create and use design today. This discussion paper aims to critically understand the advantages and limitations of applying systems thinking to design. The paper attempts to ponder the question of, what a systems view of the world can offer to the future of design thinking.

This artide attempts to deal with the strategies and measures of the development of human resources by exploiting some new ways of service in the library


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Question: A study of Fermi level shifts in copper-gallium and copper-germanium alloys by x-ray absorption spectroscopy

The K x-ray absorption discontinuities of copper, gallium and germanium in pure metals as well as in six copper-gallium and three copper-germanium alloys have been studied using a Cauchois-type bent crystal spectrograph. It is observed that in all the systems the K discontinuity of copper shifts towards the higher energy side, while the discontinuities of gallium and germanium shift to the lower energy side relative to their positions in the respective pure metals. The magnitudes of the shifts are found to increase with the decrease in the content of the absorbing atom in the alloys. The observed shifts are explained on the basis of the free-electron theory of metals and the rigid-band model for alloys.

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Preparation methods and physical properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbon semiconducting alloys having one-dimensional structure are discussed using experimental data on infrared absorption spectra, gas effusion spectra, ESR, optical reflectance and transmittance spectra, photo-acoustic spectra PAS and photoluminescence spectra.


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Question: Characterization of atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip shapes by scanning hydrothermally deposited ZnO thin films.

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Direct observation of tip shapes by atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been achieved using spike-like crystallites in ZnO thin films deposited on microscope glass slides by the hydrothermal deposition technique. Three types of AFM tips, e.g. standard Si(3)N(4) tips, a broken silicon supertip and a noncontact silicon tip were examined and the acquired images for these tips show that ZnO crystallites are good samples to image commonly used AFM tips. The most obvious characteristic of this method is that it is easy for every chemical laboratory to access.

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The compressive stress originated in the coherent epitaxial-SrRuO3/LaAlO3 interface has been used as a nano-patterning tool for the creation of island and wire arrays in ultrathin (<20 nm) SrRuO3 films. The nanostructure, stoichiometry, and electrical properties of these arrays have been studied by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, Rutherford back-scattering spectroscopy and resistivity vs temperature measurements. The influence of the shadowing effect produced by the non-perpendicular incidence of the evaporated particles on the array morphology is discussed.


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Question: Nrf2 Protects Against Maladaptive Cardiac Responses to Hemodynamic Stress

Background— Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study sought to determine whether nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master gene of the endogenous antioxidant defense system, is a critical regulator of the cardiac hypertrophic response to pathological stress. Methods and Results— Cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction were established in mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Nrf2 expression was transiently increased and then declined to the basal level while impairment of cardiac function proceeded. The knockout of Nrf2 (Nrf2−/−) did not cause any apparent structural and functional abnormalities in the unstressed heart. However, Nrf2−/− mice after TAC developed pathological cardiac hypertrophy, significant myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis, overt heart failure, and increased mortality, which were associated with elevated myocardial levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and a complete ...

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E.g.:
['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Harmonics,reactive power and negative-sequence current of power grids caused by the electric railway can affect the power supply reliability greatly.Based on the superiority of APF in correcting the harmonic and reactive power compensation,APF was used to improve the power quality of coal mine power grid under the influence of the electric railways.The compensation method of APF was researched and analyzed,governance program was designed and the APF simulation was studied.The last conducted a comparative analysis on governance effect.'] == ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Project Application of APF in Power Quality Processing for the Mining Grid Influenced by Electrified Railway']

Preface Rotation of Myosin Lever Arms during Isometric Contraction of Skeletal Myofibrils Mechanisms & Consequences of Skeletal Muscle Aging Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Uncoupling, Oxidative Stress & Skeletal Muscle Energetics.


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Question: Sparse approximation of some function classes with respect to multiple Haar system on the unit cube

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------
E.g.:
['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title\n\n\nFor instance, <<The problem of determining the pass on heat coefficient of the water-bearing stratum in geothermal reservior exploitation is investigated using the regularised output-least-square formulation. The regularity properties of the coefficient is obtained.>>  to <<REGULARITY PROPERTIES OF AN IDENTIFICATION PROBLEM FOR GEOTHERMAL RESERVIOR EXPLOITATION>>', 'In order to study the mechanics properties to of concrete columns with embedded steel, analysis models of SRC columns are established by using finite element software ABAQUS. Firstly, in order to validate the rationality of the analytical model, the test specimens are modeled, the results obtained from the finite element and experimental analyses are compared to each other, it is found that the finite element behavior indicates a good agreement with the experimental behavior. Furthermore, the ductility and ultimate capacity of SRC columns are studied with the changes of steel bone ratio and the axial compressive ratio. Analytical results demonstrate that embedded steel improves the ductility of SRC columns with large axial compressive ratio and steel bone ratios have obvious effect on ductility and ultimate capacity of SRC columns. The study results have some value on the design and application of the SRC columns.'] == ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Non-Linear Numerical Simulation on Mechanical Behaviour of Steel Reinforced Concrete (SRC) Columns']

In this paper we obtain order-sharp estimates of best N–term approximation w.r.t. the multiple (n–fold) Haar system χ(n) for the Nikol’skii – Besov and Lizorkin – Triebel type classes associated with this Haar system in the space Lr ([0, 1]n) (with 1 < r < ∞) for a number of relations between the parameters of the classes and the space.

Sufficient conditions of convergence and rate of convergence for Lagrange type interpolation in the weighted Lp norm on an arbitrary system of nodes are given.


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Question: On M1-transitions from highly excited states

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AbstractThis article is concerned with the probabilities of Mi-transitions from states created by the capture of thermal neutrons for even-odd and odd-odd emitting nuclei with A from 20 to 60. In the single-particle model, such transitions are forbidden with respect tol. A comparison with the probabilities of E1-transistions shows that in even-odd nuclei, the probabilities of forbidden Mi-transitions which we observed, did not differ much from the probabilities ofl-allowed M1-transitions for lighter nuclei.In the case of odd-odd nuclei, certain M1-transitions are characterized by a large number of quanta per single neutron capture and a large value of ::: $$\frac{{\left| M \right|_{M1}^2 }}{{(\left| M \right|_{E1}^2 )\max }}$$

Calculations are performed on Cu2 using the basis functions from Ref. 1. As a result of present calculations, there is evidence for the existence of both a single bond and a triple bond( from Pauling’s semi‐classical results). (AIP)


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Question: Process algebra and non-interference

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Various formulations of non-interference have been proposed to try to characterise the absence of information flows in system or network. There is still no consensus in the information security community as to which of these accurately captures our intuition of the notion of secrecy. ::: We argue that non-interference is closely related to the characterisation of process equivalence. What constitutes process equivalence is itself a fundamental question in computer science with several distinct definitions proposed in the literature. We illustrate how several of the definitions of non-interference mirror notions of process equivalence. Casting these security concepts in a process algebraic framework clarifies, for example, the role of non-determinism and allows results to be carried over regarding composition and the completeness of unwinding rules. We also discuss some natural generalisations of the approach.

In this paper we describe a simple equational formalism for expressing functorial data migration. A graphical IDE and implementation of this formalism are available at categoricaldata.net/fql.html.


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Question: 20 GHz-Band Low-Noise HEMT Amplifier

A 20 GHz-band low-noise amplifier has been developed by using newly developed 0.25-µm gate HEMTs. The amplifier has been fabricated by cascading six single-ended unit amplifiers without any isolators at the interstages. The HEMT amplifier exhibits a noise temperature of 170 K (NF = 2.0 dB) and a gain of 47 dB over 17.5 to 19.5 GHz in an uncooled operation. Noise temperatures of 130 K (NF = 1.6 dB) and 110 K (NF = 1.4 dB) have been obtained at -20°C and -50°C, respectively.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dipole Basic Characteristics Partial Sleeve, PIFA, and Patch Loops Dielectric Resonator Antennas References


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Question: The elicitation and representation of pre-decisional behavior: an information processing approach

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The aim of the work described was to develop a method of eliciting knowledge about the important components of a particular decision and to gain an understanding of the type of processing strategy used by the decision maker. The key requirement was that the knowledge could be represented in a mediating form which is intelligible to the reader and is amenable to simple analysis. Process tracing techniques provide a potential means of acquiring intelligence about the decision making process. An approach is described which provides a method which uses process tracing techniques to enable the acquisition and understanding of the pre-decisional behavior of the decision maker. This method can be used by knowledge engineers to provide a means of understanding choice processes in a multi-alternative decision making domain. >

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In psychometric studies disagreement among experts is frequently treated as error void of informational value. The present study deviates from this approach and utilizes disagreement among experts in item classification as a source for examining the structural characteristics of the classification scheme. Guttman's smallest space analysis applied to an agreement-disagreement matrix suggests that the item-classification scheme reflects two different approaches to testing outcomes of studying history: that of the cognitive psychology and that of the philosophy of history.


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Question: The deterministic and stochastic economic games

In this paper the static model of the Cournot duopoly with tax evasion and the rent seeking game with tax evasion and time delay are presented. A study for the local stability of the stationary states is carried out. Also, the stochastic approach is taken into consideration. Numerical simulations are performed for the above mentioned processes. Finally, conclusions regarding the economic processes are provided.

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In this article the author shows how to design, analyze, and evaluate the perfomance of two-sided geometric-based control charts.


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Question: Data interchanging device for inter-software communication

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Provided: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'AbstractFew studies show how university students perceive and respond to tornado warnings. Lacking in the literature are investigations of what influences perceptions of tornado risk among this population and how these perceptions may influence actions. Through an online survey of 640 undergraduates enrolled at a large university in Nebraska, significant relationships were found between student demographics, perceptions, and response actions. Tornado mythology relevant to the local city influenced perceptions so that students felt the city was less at risk than surrounding rural land. Confirming risk before sheltering remained popular, with some students choosing to never seek shelter during a warning. International students were more likely to initially seek shelter during a warning but had difficulty interpreting warning polygons or accurately choosing the best safety actions. Tornado-related education resulted in international students being more likely to have safety plans and shelter in more appropri...']" Match: "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Tornado Warning Response and Perceptions among Undergraduates in Nebraska']"

PURPOSE: To obtain a communication system which can hold interfaces between various software process computers so that data are effectively interchanged while some software application is disconnected from other software applications. CONSTITUTION: The communication interfaces 20 and 22 include two library programs, and one library manages class definitions including meaning information and a self-descriptive form including actual data to be interchanged together with type information regarding a data format. The other library includes a subject mapper which manages a communication and also receive an application request regarding a specific subject and maps it into adequate communication control and service providing information. Several communication controls are also incorporated in the subject mapper or directly in a client application, and the protocol that the other application is using is used to manage a communication with the other application. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO

This paper presents PC-104/CAN design of a programmable single-board multifunctional card, intended for an access to the CAN controllers from industrial version of the ISA bus (PC/104) and event time-stamping by signal changes from controllers and dedicated ISA signals. This paper shows one of possible solutions in a nearly single-chip design.


Question:
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E.g. '['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'THE REASON ANALYSIS ON THE FAILURE OF INCOLOY 800H EXPANSION JOINT BEL- LOW IN STYRENE UNIT']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The failure problem of 800H alloy expansion joint bellow of ethylbenzene hydrogen removal system for styrene unit was analyzed in detail. Its failure reason and mechanisum were mentioned, and the protection was proposed.']' != '['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', 'RESPECT THE INVENTION A PRESS PLATE WHICH IS 1 BED BASE WITH A LAYOUT OF MEASUREMENT OF ITS DEFORMATION IN OPERATION, FOR CORRECTING THEM. THIS LAYOUT INCLUDES A RIBBON TENSION BETWEEN SUPPORTS 8 RELATED TO BED BASE AND 1 SENSOR MOVEMENT 7 OPERATED BY PROXIMITY EFFECT AND SENSITIVE TAPE TRAVEL BECAUSE OF DEFORMATIONS OF SUCH SOMMIER 1. PRESS ALLOWS MAKING PANELS AND CHIPS FIBER WITH A UNIFORM THICKNESS PERFECTLY.']'

Question: Genetic and Epigenetic Variations Induced by Wheat-Rye 2R and 5R Monosomic Addition Lines

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Background ::: Monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) can easily induce structural variation of chromosomes and have been used in crop breeding; however, it is unclear whether MAALs will induce drastic genetic and epigenetic alterations.

Introduction 288 Nuclear Phenotype 289 Primary Causes of Change 289 Secondary Causes of Change 290 The Genotype . 291 The Field of Inquiry 291 Major Gene Variation 292 Mutations Affecting Mitosis 292 Mutations Affecting Meiosis 294 Variation Within the Nucleus 296 Consequences 297 Polygenic Variation 297 Inbreeding 298 Variation Between Genotypes 298 Variation Within Genotypes 302 Variation Potential 303 Hybridity 304 Mitosis in Hybrids 304 Meiosis in Hybrids 307 Variation Within Genotypes 309 tTses of Variation 310 Effects of Selection 310 Genotypic Control in Relation to the Genetic System 313 Acknowledgments 315 References . 315


Question: A bandwidth in-sensitive low stall sparse matrix vector multiplication architecture on reconfigurable FPGA platform

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Sparse Matrix with dense Vector Multiplication (SpMxV) is a key computational kernel for most mathematical high performance computing problems. SpMxV implementation on FPGAs provides better performance but memory bandwidth limitations and pipeline stalling are still ongoing research concerns. This research proposes an FPGA optimized single bit stream column major sparse compression format that ensures decreased memory bandwidth and storage requirement. The architecture ensures low pipeline stalling by effectively performing 3 floating point operations per cycle per processing element. The proposed architecture is demonstrated with known benchmarks on ZYNQ-ZC702 FPGA. Result shows that on average our approach achieves compression ratios of 3.0 to 5.3 with respect to conventional CSR format. And peak compression ratio of 20.0 can be achieved for certain matrices used in our research. Low stall architecture proves 40 to 150% depreciation in stall cycles providing better overall efficiency.

The MicroBlaze processor serves in many FPGA designs as the central 32 bit CPU with access to the global off chip memory and peripherals. MicroBlaze provides FSL links for up to 8 coprocessors. We present two MicroBlaze designs. The first design works with 8 PicoBlaze-based accelerators for pipelined, single-precision floating point vector-oriented operations, and delivers over 1.2 GFLOPs. The second design uses 4 similar double precision accelerators and delivers 600 MFLOPs. The acceleration results are documented on batch computation of a finite impulse response filter. Each PicoBlaze soft core can be re-programmed by MicroBlaze. This provides a framework for a partial dynamic change of the functionality of accelerators. This program change can be done via the FSL link in parallel with the current computation of the accelerator.


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Question: A Building Height-Dependent Gaussian Mixture Model to Characterize Air-to-Ground Wireless Channels

With the continuous evolution of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in terms of flight autonomy and high payload capabilities, many new applications have emerged recently. In this context, potential usage of UAVs has been explored in providing wireless communication service. However, our understanding of the wireless channels associated with UAVs is still in its infancy. Therefore, in this paper, we use ray-tracing simulations to develop a novel Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) for Air-to-Ground (A2G) channels. An urban environment with mean building heights of 10m, 20m, 50m, and 80m is considered to develop the proposed model. An extensive set of simulations are performed using a ray-tracing simulator, Wireless InSite®. Our results show that the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the received power or the path loss vary depending on the mean building height and can be modelled using a GMM. The proposed model is then validated by using it to generate PDFs of a certain test set of city environments.

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Microporosity in hot isostatically pressed Ti-6Al-4V powder compacts

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The existence of micropores of less than 100 nm size is reported in hot isostatically pressed Ti-6Al-4V compacts that were expected to be fully dense. The micropores are in a film-like arrangement which traverses individual alpha grains. Several possible origins of the micropores are discussed. Of these, the dissolution of oxide film on prior powder particles appears most probable.

ABSTRACTThe yield drop phenomenon observed in the Ti–15V-3Al–3Sn-3Cr (Ti–15–3) beta-titanium alloy and its anomalous behaviour in the boron and carbon added Ti–15–3 alloys have been studied. While ...


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Question: Parameter Characterisation of Asphalt Mixtures for Visco-Elastoplastic Analysis

Asphalt mixtures exhibit strong viscous properties under repetitive loads. This phenomenon can be simulated in creep and recovery tests. By applying the visco-elastoplastic model proposed, data recorded in the tests are interpreted. It is emphasised that applicability of the visco-elastoplastic model depends on the proper method of characterising parameters involved in the constitutive equations. Since two or more strain components of elasticity and viscosity coexist during the loading or unloading, a measuring system of two loggers is introduced to decouple these components. Test data are analysed in three steps as elastic, visco-elastic and visco-plastic evaluations, using the records collected at the moment of unloading, during the periods of recovery and creep respectively. Factors that may influence the accuracy of data analysis are also discussed.

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1. Spatially Mobilized Plane (SMP) and SMP Criterion 2. Introduction to Cam-Clay Model 3. The Cam-Clay Model Revised by the SMP Criterion 4. Elastoplastic Constitutive Models for Geomaterials using Transformed Stress 5. Concluding Remarks


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Question: Eleanor Powell: A Bio-Bibliography

Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Biography Chronology Plays and Personal Appearances Filmography Radio Television Discography Awards and Honors Song Sheets Videography Annotated Bibliography Appendix A: Magazine Covers Appendix B: Cigarette Cards Appendix C: Miscellaneous Appendix D: Archives Subject Index Song Index

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Fewshot example: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'This paper presents a wind farm emulation solution using an open source Matlab/Simulink toolbox and the National Instruments cRIO platform. This work is based on the Aeolus SimWindFarm (SWF) toolbox models developed at Aalborg university, Denmark. Using the Matlab Simulink models developed in SWF, the modeling code can be exported to a real time model using the NI Veristand model framework and the resulting code is integrated as a hardware in the loop control on the NI 9068 platform.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Real time wind farm emulation using SimWindFarm toolbox']"

Library Resources in Music; Librarian Mike Magilligan, Editor. Specialized Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, etc. in Various Genres


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Question: HUBUNGAN ISLAM DAN NEGARA MENURUT PEMIKIRAN ALI ABDUR RAZIQ

Ali Abd Raziq's thesis is very shocking Islamic politics which proves that pure spiritual Muslims do not support politics, meaning religion and separate world affairs. Furthermore, Abd Raziq rejects the Caliphate system is not an inseparable part of Islam. According to him the Caliphate was only a matter of custom and not from Islamic law. Abd Raziq's view, according to Islamic thinkers, is very reprehensible because it has damaged the essence of Islam. According to them, the prophetic mission encompasses all life not only spirituality but also concerns politics and for them there is nothing between religion and the political order of life (world). Thus the prophetic mission can be implemented. To deny this, Ali Abdur Raziq implicitly asked for a review of the purpose of the downfall of the Prophet Muhammad or in other words it is necessary to study the basics of Islam.

REVISITING I CAN READ SYSTEM : A CASE STUDY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS AT I CR GREENVILLE -


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Question: Low-income Parents’ Decisions about Medical Treatment

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Many low-income households in developing countries cannot afford the high costs of medical treatment. They often resort to cost-saving, but risky options for their treatment. The article uses data published in earlier studies in India to analyse the treatment decisions of low-income households. We compare parents’ decisions about their children’s treatment with those about their own treatment.The analysis shows that parents often adopt a cost-saving (and risk-taking) attitude about their own treatment, relative to that for their children. This difference is found even when the parents and children have the same sickness profiles and also, when the parents have a higher incidence of serious sicknesses. There is a need for policies to increase affordable access to medicines. These include poverty alleviation and competition/regulation to reduce prices of medicines.

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Overview of Aging, Emotional Health and Behaviour. Section I: Prevalence and Diagnosis. Prevalence of Mental, Behavioural and Neurobehavioral Disorders among Older People with Intellectual Disabilities. Psychopathology and Older Age. General Etiological Issues. Assessment of Behavioural and Psychiatric Disorders. Depression in Adults and Aging Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. Cognitive Decline and Aging. Behavioural and Psychiatric Overlays from Physical and Medical Conditions. Emotional Health and Aging in Adults with Down Syndrome. Section II Treatments and Interventions. Psychotherapy and Other Psychological Interventions. Aging--Related Behavioural Interventions. Psychotropic Medications. Dynamics of Bereavement and Grief Reactions. Section III Service System Issues. Community Mental Health and Support Services: Planning Principles and Models. Prevention Strategies and Community Education. Future Directions and Challenges


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Question: Phosphorus budgets and forms of phosphorus in the Sau reservoir sediment: An interpretation of the limnological record

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The phosphorus compounds in the sediment of Sau reservoir have been analysed and related to the annual phosphorus budgets from 1965 to 1969. With the increase of eutrophy, the phosphorus inputs leave the water in two ways: to the sediment and to the water outflow. The second way becomes more important throughout the eutrophication process.

ABSTRACTEstimates of biogeochemical processes and the proportion of N2O production in the aquatic system of impoundments are important to quantify nitrogen cycling, particularly during stratificati...


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Question: Incorporating voice telecommunication with VSATs

To meet a growing need for voice telecommunication over VSATs, AT&T Tridom and AT&T Bell Laboratories developed the voice link module (VLM). By utilizing state of the art code excited linear prediction (CELP) compression techniques, the VLM is able to compress the voice signal down to 8 kbits/second or 4.8 kbits/second with a slight degradation in voice quality. The voice compression is combined with a flexible interface that supports two lines which may be configured for station or office connections. In addition, network software was added to support routing of the calls based on DTMF or dial pulse (DP) dialing. The combination of the high quality voice compression, flexible interface, and network software produced a unit that almost transparently supports voice telecommunication over VSAT circuits.

The EWEBS virtual access system has the following features:the core fusion virtualization,remote access,unified management,internet speeds up,application delivery,safety,instant communication and transmission.The concentrated deployment and management of all the information system and data will raise the local area network business information systems to top efficiency.


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Question: An outbreak of pertussis in Bloemfontein, South Africa, 2008–2009

AbstractBackground: In April 2008, the first case of pertussis since 1998 was diagnosed in the Free State province. The outbreak that occurred over a 12-month period is described in this article.Method: This is a case series of 18 children diagnosed with pertussis in Bloemfontein, Free State province, between April 2008 and March 2009. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by means of a Bordetella polymerase chain reaction test done on a nasal swab. Data were collected from every child with a confirmed diagnosis of pertussis.Results: Eighteen cases of pertussis were diagnosed in the 12-month period; 15 in the public sector and three in the private sector. A peak of cases was observed in the autumn and early winter months. Twelve infants were under six months of age and were thus regarded as “pre-vaccinated”. Fourteen children required admission to hospital, of whom five required intensive care. No deaths occurred. The cost of managing these children was high.Conclusions: Pertussis is not commonly diagnosed...

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Summary Maternal infection with Listeria monocytogenes without fetal or neonatal involvement is relatively rare. Eleven cases arising in England and Wales between 1967 and 1988 are presented.


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The query could be '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Damage Assessment System of Linear Infrastructure Objects during Flooding using Probabilistic Graphical Models']' and should be close to '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'In the thesis, a damage assessments system for linear infrastructure objects during flooding based on probabilistic graphical models is developed. The focus of the work is the fusion of several information sources, such as remote sensing imagery, digital elevation models and water gauge measurements. The developed probabilistic graphical models provide a consistent statistical framework for the fusion of the data and simultaneously consider the topology of the infrastructure objects.']' but very far from '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.']'

Question: America in the Eyes of Chinese on the Eve of Modern China

During the reign of Emperor Jiaqing and Daoguang, the frequent commercial intercourse between America and China and the conflicts between China and Great Britain before Opium War drew China's attention to America, which led to a leap in Chinese people's acquaintance with Americans. That was the original acquaintance and understanding of America in the eyes of Chinese and it influenced early Sino America relation deeply.

Introduction Innocence Lost Family Matters In the Gym and Boardroom Higher Learning Coming to America Something Old, Something New Bibliography Index


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Question: Design of the Reclaimed Water Reuse Project for Recirculating Cooling Water in a Thermal Power Plant

The paper introduced the design parameters of a reclaimed water island engineering in a power plant. The total processing scale was 3.84×104m3/d. The raw water source of this project was the further treated wastewater from municipal treatment plant. The combination of BAF-Lime Conglomeration and Clarification-Filtration was employed in the design for advanced treatment. The operation results showed that the quality of treated water with this process in the reclaimed water island could satisfy the design requirement and the treated water was reused as recirculating cooling water in a thermal power plant.

Mining Non-ferrous Metals The Environmental Impact of Gold Mining in the Brazilian Amazon Revegetation of Metalliferous Wastes and Land After Metal Mining Vegetative Remediation at Superfund Sites Green Coal Mining Methane Emissions from Coal Mining Constructing Ecosystems and Detecting their Connectivity to the Larger Ecological Landscape The Discharge of Waters from Active and Abandoned Mines Environmental Best-practice in Metals Production. Subject Index.


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Question: The Electro-Optical Kerr Effect of Optically Active Liquids

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Abstract The electro-optical Kerr effect of optically active liquids has been studied theoretically, applying the lamellar model of Jones, and experimentally, by measurement of the solution Kerr constant B12 of a series of solutions of d-and dl-camphor in carbon tetrachloride. Equations are presented which allow the intrinsic phase retardation, δ, associated with the Kerr effect to be determined using the Senarmont method in conjunction with either dc or pulsed electric fields. The method of determining δ, using pulsed electric fields is particularly useful for solutions having an appreciable electrical conductivity. The time-dependent behaviour of a relaxing system, measured using quadratic detection of the optical transient resulting from the application of a pulsed rectangular electric field, is predicted to be essentially unaffected by optical activity over a wide range of δ and optical rotation.

This report contains sections describing: Monte Carlo Calculation of Chemical Potential of a Stockmayer Fluid, Fractional Brownian Diffusion in Molecularly Thin Films, On Spectral Measure and Monte Carlo Approaches to Flow in Heterogeneous Media, Shear Melting of Molecularly-Thin Confined Films, Nonlocal Diffusion and Strain-Induced Liquification at Particulate Media, Hierarchical Problems: Some conceptual Difficulties in the Development of Transport Equations, Application of Multiple-Angle-of-Incidence Ellipsometry to the Study of Thin Films Adsorbed on Surfaces, On Adsorption and Diffusion at Rough Surfaces: A Comparison of Statistical Mechanic, Molecular Dynamics and Kinetic Theory, Fluids in Micropores: Self-Diffusion in a Slit-Pore with Hard Rough Walls, and Nonlocal Transport Theories for Media with Microstructure.


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Question: Copolymerization of carbon dioxide and some oxiranes by organoaluminium catalysts

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Carbon dioxide was copolymerized with methyloxirane and 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane using triethylaluminium as a catalyst component. Factors to control the copolymer composition were sought on the basis of an assumed copolymerization mechanism. Compared to nonpolar solvents, ethereal solvents were found to increase the carbon dioxide content in the copolymer obtained by the triethylaluminium/water system, giving a fraction with almost alternating sequence. The addition of a Lewis base, especially treiphenylphosphine, to triethylaluminium was also useful to get copolymers of high carbon dioxide content. The coincidence of these results with the expectation from the assumed copolymerization scheme clearly indicates that the copolymerization proceeds through a coordinated anionic mechanism.

The successful addition reaction of pendent oxetane ring in poly[(3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl methacrylate] with some acyl chlorides and S-phenyl thioacetate using quaternaty onium salts or tertiary amines as catalysts is reported.


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Question: The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, and otolaryngology: review of the evidence.

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BACKGROUND ::: The adoption of evidence-based practice is fundamental to good medical care; it ensures that intervention is clinically effective and safe. In a world of limited healthcare resources, consideration of cost-effectiveness must, unfortunately, restrict clinicians' choice. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence has, for over 10 years, developed guidance to achieve a national consensus on best practice. ::: ::: ::: OBJECTIVES ::: This review describes the Institute's methodology, examines guidance relevant to otolaryngology and presents more recent research to update the evidence.

Editor—Dodwell and Crellin analyse the problems of the current radiotherapy service in the United Kingdom.1 Some important initiatives are under way in England and Scotland to make the service workload sensitive. ::: ::: Faced, in 2003, with Royal College of Radiologists audits2 3 and an Audit Commission report4 identifying a serious deterioration in waiting times for radiotherapy over the previous five years, the Department of Health in England created a standing multidisciplinary national radiotherapy …


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Question: Simple fish bone picking device

The utility model provides a simple fish bone picking device, which comprises a plurality of upright teeth, a base and a handle. The upright teeth are tightly arranged on the base pairwise, a tooth groove is arranged between two adjacent upright teeth, and one end of the handle is vertically connected onto the base. Besides, the zigzag-shaped upright teeth are identical in length and made of wooden. The simple fish bone picking device is simple in structure, convenient in sterilization and capable of effectively picking out fish bones from the flesh of fish, and requirements of customers for having fish without the fish bones are met. Meanwhile, hygiene of fish can be guaranteed.

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The present invention includes an air roots cutting roots germination and seedling seedlings in growth medium, on the Growth method trees seedlings.


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Question: A Flexible Platform for Hardware-Aware Network Experiments and a Case Study on Wireless Network Coding

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a general, flexible hardware-aware network platform which takes hardware processing behavior into consideration to accurately evaluate network performance. The platform adopts a network-hardware co-simulation which the NS-2 network simulator supervises the network-wide traffic flow and the SystemC hardware simulator simulates the underlying hardware processing in network nodes. In addition, as a case study, we implemented wireless all-to-all broadcasting with network coding on the platform. processing behavior during the algorithm execution and evaluate the overall performance of the algorithm. Our experimental results demonstrate that hardware processing has a significant impact on the algorithm performance and hence should be taken into consideration in the algorithm design. We expect that this hardware-aware platform will become a very useful tool for more accurate network simulations and optimal designs of processing-intensive applications.

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Part 1: Application Mapping and Communication Infrastructure: Virtualization in NOCs--Enhanced MPSOC Robustness and Performance Verification.-HW Support to Exploit Parallelism in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Multicore System-on-Chip.-PALLAS: Mapping Applications onto Manycore.-Part 2: Reconfigurable Hardware in Multiprocessor Systems: Adaptive Multiprocessor System on Chip Architecture.-Designing FPGA Systems with Many Processors.-Part 3: Physical Design of Multiprocessor Systems: Design tools and methods for chip physical design.-Challenges in Physical Design for Multi- and Manycore Hardware Architectures.


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Question: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles equipped with surface nanovalves for pH-controlled liberation of doxorubicin

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Silica carriers equipped with molecular and supramolecular pH-sensitive nanovalves were designed by combination of sol–gel synthesis and selective postsynthetic modification. Mesoporous structure o...

Combination therapy based on polymer-drug conjugates is one of the exciting developments in polymeric drug delivery systems. A single polymer carrier with two or more drugs attached is advantageous because it provides a platform for synergistic agent action. To expand the concept of combination therapy using a single polymer-drug conjugate, we report a polymer-(multifunctional single-drug) conjugate strategy, in which three different drugs (platinum, azidyl radical and DMC) and two different types of therapies are rationally integrated and then conjugated to an amphiphilic block copolymer. When this polymer-(multifunctional single-drug) conjugate is internalized by cancer cells via endocytosis, the three integrated drugs are expected to be activated and execute therapeutic functions in a sequential fashion under extracellular (UVA irradiation) and intracellular (endosomes/lysosomes) environments to amplify the signals of cancer treatment, especially in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells.


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Question: Photon-induced gas breakdown in the gas-embedded Z-pinch

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The breakdown of dense gas surrounding a thermonuclear temperature z- pinch is estimated. Restrictions on the pinch mass, driving electric field, and surrounding neutral gas density are obtained. (auth)

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Abstract : Contents: Backstrap plasma accelerator; Apparatus and instrumentation; Effects of expellant velocity distribution on rocket performance; Investigation of a confined exploding wire propulsive means; On the acceleration of spheres by one-dimensional non-uniform gas flows; Low -pressure crossed-field plasma accelerator; Proton beam technique for measuring ion density; Ac low -pressure crossed-field plasma accelerator; High -pressure crossed-field plasma accelerator.