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Question: Performance Issues of Parallel, Scalable Convolutional Neural Networks in Deep Learning

In this work, we investigate the performance issues in the parallel and scalable of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). This will accelerate the training performance of CNN. In this paper we propose the parallel recognition using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) Technology and Message Passing Interface (MPI). We demonstrate scalability and performance that can be achieved on the GPU using CUDA framework where the computation-intensive tasks shifted on GPU. It compares result on GPU hardware architecture with the serial algorithm on CPU. The main novelty of our method is a new scalable CNN architecture that integrates a category hierarchy with deep CNN.

Part 1: Application Mapping and Communication Infrastructure: Virtualization in NOCs--Enhanced MPSOC Robustness and Performance Verification.-HW Support to Exploit Parallelism in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Multicore System-on-Chip.-PALLAS: Mapping Applications onto Manycore.-Part 2: Reconfigurable Hardware in Multiprocessor Systems: Adaptive Multiprocessor System on Chip Architecture.-Designing FPGA Systems with Many Processors.-Part 3: Physical Design of Multiprocessor Systems: Design tools and methods for chip physical design.-Challenges in Physical Design for Multi- and Manycore Hardware Architectures.


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Question: Comparison of a Tissue Equivalent and a Silicon Equivalent Proportional Counter Microdosimeter to High-Energy Proton and Neutron Fields

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A tissue equivalent and a silicon equivalent proportional counter microdosimeter were exposed to eight progressively hardened neutron energy spectra at the LANSCE ICE House facility and to 70 MeV protons. Selected dosimetric results are compared.

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Introduction 230 I. Investigation of the Nuclear Component of Cosmic Rays with Soviet Satellites and Space Rockets 230 1. Procedure 231 2. Chemical Composition of Cosmic Rays. Fluxes of Nuclei of Different Groups and Their Energy Spectra 234 3. Variations of the Flux of the Nuclear Component of Cosmic Rays and Nuclei of Solar Origin 249 II. Use of Artificial Satellites and Rockets to Investigate the Primary Cosmic Radiation 260 4. Nuclear Component of Galactic Cosmic Rays 260 5. Solar Cosmic Rays and High-latitude Cutoff 262 6. Electron-positron Cosmic-ray Component 263 Literature 266


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Question: The Value of High-School Marks and Psychological Examination Scores in Predicting First Term Freshmen Marks in North Texas State College

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The purpose of this study is to determine how accurately the academic success of one hundred and sixty-seven freshmen at North Texas State College could have been predicted by the American Council on Education Psychological examinations. The question studied is: Can freshman success, as indicated by first term freshman grades, be better predicted by psychological examination scores than by analysis of their high school grades? In an attempt to answer this question, the relationships existing between the high school grades, psychological examination scores and first term college grades of the freshman class entering North Texas State College in the fall of 1949 have been studied.

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Introduction. 1. Unfocused Curricula. 2. U.S. Textbooks: Conflicting Demands, Cautious Visions. 3. U.S. Teachers: Responding to Splintered Visions. 4. How Has Our Vision Become So Splintered? 5. So What Can We Expect from U.S. Students? 6. Open Questions: How Do We Get Where We Want to Go? Appendix A: TIMSS Curriculum Framewords: Measuring Curricular Elements. Appendix B: Documents Analyzed. Appendix C: Means, Proportions, and Standard Errors for Teacher Data. Appendix D: List of Exhibits. Endnotes.


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Question: Modelling and analysis of repairable systems with preventive maintenance

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The time-dependent solution of a kind of repairable system with preventive maintenance is investigated in the paper. With total probability formula, we show that the behavior of the system can be described as a group of ordinary differential equations coupled with partial differential equations, which can be formulated as a time delay equation in an appropriate Banach space. Based on the time-delay equation, this paper presents a difference scheme as an approximating method to solve the time-dependent solution which is necessary for analyzing the instantaneous availability of the repairable system. Some numerical examples are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of this approach.

Burn-in is a widely used engineering method to screen out defects before the product is shipped to the customer. We investigate the two-stage burn-in procedure as a means of improving the outgoing product quality. The first stage involves a high stress level burn-in to screen out material defects, and the second stage involves a low stress level burn-in to detect manufacturing defects. Repairable and nonrepairable system burn-ins are discussed. A cost model is formulated to derive the optimal burn-in plan.


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Question: Isotropic Energy from Gamma-Ray Bursts

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Here, using the Scale-Symmetric Theory, we present the formulae for the isotropic energy from the short-duration GRBs (SGRBs) and long-duration GRBs (LGRBs) as a function of mass of captured star by neutron black hole and relative coupling constant. We present also how the peak energy depends on the isotropic energy.

General Description of an Impulsive Light-Like Signal Illustrations and Implications of the Bianchi Identities Light-Like Boosts Spherically Symmetric Null Shells Collisions of Plane Impulsive Light-Like Signals Impulsive Light-Like Signals in Alternative Theories of Gravity.


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Question: Vacancy-Related Defects in the Alkaline-Earth Oxides

Cation vacancies profoundly affect the observable electronic properties of alkaline-earth oxides. Their presence serves to compensate the charge of inevitable trivalent ions with which they tend to be associated in a 1:1 or 1:2 ratio. Isolated cation vacancies ordinarily constitute less than 10 percent of the total number. However, neutron irradiation of samples kept at room temperature leads to large numbers of isolated cation vacancies and of anion vacancies. One or two positive holes may be trapped by the former to give the V and the VO centers, respectively. V-centers at room temperature show a single isotropic ESR line which is the result of rapid migration of the hole among the six equivalent oxygen ions. Association of a trivalent ion with a cation vacancy prevents such reorientation. Anion vacancies trap one or two electrons to form F+ or FO centers, respectively.

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Introduction The Untold Story Biography of Herbert Kroemer The Nobel Lecture Publications List Herbert Kroemer: Oral History Not Just the Blue Sky Reprinted Articles: General Principles of Heterostructures and HBTs Hot-Electron Negative Resistance Effects GaAs and GaP on Si and Related Topics Superconductor-Semiconductor Hybrids Herbert Kroemer on Nanotechnology.


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Question: Dynamical equilibrium between excitons and free carriers in quantum wells

Abstract We have investigated the exciton and free carrier populations dynamics in quantum wells by low temperature time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. When the excitation energy is set above the free carrier quantum well gap, excitons are formed from random binding of electrons and holes. On the basis of this bimolecular formation process, we show that a 2D mass action law, describing the coexistence of free carriers and excitons, explains the time evolution of the exciton photoluminescence linewidth. This demonstrates the existence of a thermodynamic equilibrium between excitons and free carriers at each time delay following the excitation. The consequence is a very short exciton formation time (≲ 10 ps) in the density range investigated (10 9 – 10 10 cm −2 ), implying a bimolecular formation coefficient γ higher than 14 cm 2 s −1 .

This chapter describes the optical properties of graphene quantum dots. It discusses the size, shape and edge dependence of the energy gap, optical joint density of states, excitons, charged excitons, optical spin blockade and optical control of the magnetic moment in triangular graphene quantum dots with zigzag edges. The electronic and optical properties of colloidal graphene quantum dots, and in particular the spectrum of band-edge excitons is described.


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Question: Inter-rater reliability of mini balance evaluation system test in ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis

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For example, ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The process of converting physical documents into digital texts generally requires a scanner tool to obtain high-quality document images. These high quality images will be read by OCR software to get digital text results. The weakness of this method is that OCR software requires a high quality document with low blur noise and no parallax in the image to have high accuracy. We developed an application to increase the document image quality with the help of Deep Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder, afterwards read by the OCR application. The final product of this program is a digital text converted from a document image which has been taken from a smartphone. There is an increase in accuracy using this application by 26.68% in a blurred image compare to standard Tesseract OCR and outperformed Simple OCR in average accuracy testing.'] should be similar to ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'The Application of Deep Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder for Optical Character Recognition Preprocessing']

Background: Balance deficits are common in people with multiple sclerosis, and accurate measurement of balance using clinical measures is important. This study investigates the inter-rater reliability of the mini Balance Evaluation System test (mini-BESTest) in ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis. Methods: People with multiple sclerosis attending physiotherapy in an acute hospital were invited to take part. Participants gave demographic information and completed the mini-BESTest twice. Raters were experienced and novice physiotherapists. Data were analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland and Altman analysis. Agreement of individual items were analysed using weighted Kappa. Results: Fifty participants (37 female) had a mean age of 45.73 (5.65) years; 61.5% did not use a walking aid. The mean difference between the raters was 0.27 (Standard deviation: 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.5+2.02), which was not significantly different (P=0.816). The intra class correlation coeffici...

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Purpose ::: To quantify the physical activity in daily life (PADL), muscle strength, and exercise capacity in the short and medium term in survivors of severe sepsis and septic shock.


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Question: Defending against DoS attacks on 3G cellular networks via randomization method

As the subscriber number of 3G cellular network escalates, the era of 3G has arrived. Due to the specific network architecture and features, 3G wireless network become susceptible target of new Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, such as paging attack and signaling attack via (Radio Access Bearer) RAB establishment/release. In this paper, we introduce a randomization method to defend against these DoS attacks from the system-design perspective. We inject a certain degree of randomization into the Radio Resource Management (RRM) and Mobility Management (MM) procedure, so the parameters which are important to the attacks would be difficult to measure and the values measured would be much higher. Our simulation shows that the amount of signaling messages on the attack is decreased by 90% and the adverse impact to performance is just less than 10%. So the randomization method could efficiently defense the signaling attacks.

This paper presents an extension to the proposal for a small discontinuous data cell known as Infostations. By increasing the data rates which can be supported in certain areas, Infostations offers the possibility of cheap data service provision. This paper examines the effect of discontinuous coverage on capacity, and proposes the concept of a logical Infostation which controls a number of radio ports connected by a DQDB subnetwork. Advantages of this architecture are indicated and its relationship to existing proposals such as GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and mobile IP are studied. Furthermore, the integration of such a system into a future UMTS with particular emphasis an issues such as registration, authentication and billing are discussed.


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Question: Pilots' attitudes toward alcohol use and flying.

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Questionnaires were sent to a national sample of licensed pilots. Respondents reported their flying experience and their drinking behavior. They also indicated the number of drinks that they believed could be safely consumed 3 hours (h) before flying or driving, and estimated the numbers of hours a person should wait, after drinking, before attempting to fly or drive. Similar questions were included regarding marijuana use. Respondents were much more conservative in their attitudes toward the use of alcohol prior to flying than prior to driving. This relationship held both for the number of drinks judged safe 3 h prior to flying or driving and for estimates of the waiting interval that would be appropriate following alcohol consumption. In addition, attitudes toward alcohol use were related to respondents' own drinking behavior, with moderate and heavy drinkers more tolerant of alcohol use in flying and driving situations than abstainers.

A training program for professional drivers is reviewed. The effects of driver factors, as well as their training, on accidents is presented.


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Question: Therapeuic effects of short-term intensive anti-diabetic therapy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

36 newly diagnosd type 2 diabetic patients were treated with insulin glargine plus metformin or glimepiride plus metformin for 3 months.Excellent control of FBG and HbA1c was achieved in both groups after 3 months' intensive treatment.The β-cell hypofunction and insulin resistance were improved significantly in both groups.

Goals ::: The aim of our study is to assess the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced hepatic fibrosis in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using simple noninvasive scores.


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Question: Characterizing transgene inheritance.

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The analysis of transgene inheritance is an important step in the molecular and genetic characterization of transgenes. In this manuscript, two approaches to characterize the inheritance of transgenes are described. The first approach is based on the expression of the transgene phenotype and the second is based on the analysis of transgene DNA. Instructions on how to make crosses and develop breeding populations are outlined and the importance of these breeding populations in the analysis of transgene inheritance is explained. The number of individuals needed to determine segregation ratios and the statistic used to test these ratios are described. Examples of inheritance patterns that deviate from known expectations are provided and the possible causes of these deviations are discussed.

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Key message ::: Soybean mosaic virus resistance was significantly improved in multiple soybean cultivars through genetic transformation induced by inverted repeat-SMV- HC - Pro genes based on RNAi and post-transcriptional gene silencing.


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Question: Effects of a Novel Camptothecin Analogue,Iso-camptothecin on Proliferation and Cell Cycle of Squamous Carcinoma Cell

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Objective To observe the effects of a novel camptothecin(CPT) analogue, iso-camptothecin (iso-CPT) on proliferation and cell cycle of squamous carcinoma cell. Methods Inhibition on cells proliferation and valid concentration of iso-CPT were measured by MTT assay. The influence on cell cycle and induction of cell apoptosis of iso-CPT were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results Iso-CPT inhibited the proliferation of Tca8113 cell and arrested the cells in S phase. These effects showed time and dose dependence. Conclusion The results indicate that iso-CPT may has the antitumor effect, and its mechanism may be relevant to its effects on cell proliferation and cell cycle.

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Demonstration of the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Substance P (NK 1 ) Receptor Antagonist in Major Depression


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Question: Can Confidence Come Too Soon? Collective Efficacy, Conflict and Group Performance over Time.

Groups with a strong sense of collective efficacy set more challenging goals, persist in the face of difficulty, and are ultimately more likely to succeed than groups who do not share this belief. Given the many advantages that may accrue to groups who are confident, it would be logical to advise groups to build a high level of collective efficacy as early as possible. However, we draw on Whyte's (1998) theory of collective efficacy and groupthink, to predict that when confidence emerges at a high level toward the beginning of a group's existence, group members may be less likely to engage in process conflict; a form of conflict that may be beneficial in the early phase of a group project. We found support for this prediction in two longitudinal studies of classroom project teams.

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Introduction: Women and Men in Policing The Status Model of Gender Stereotyping Status Characteristics Theory and the Gender-Stereotyped Personality Traits Description of the Study: The Sample of Police Partners and Measures Status and Personality: The Dominating, Instrumental, and Expressive Traits Coping with Low Status: The Verbal-Aggressive and Submissive Traits Police Officers Who Violate Gender Norms: The Bipolar Traits Self-Esteem: The Impact of Status and Personality Traits The Patterning of Traits within Individual Personality Status, Gender, and Personality: Towards an Integrated Theory Implications for Policing Appendix Notes References Index


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Question: On construction of double-arch tunnel

Taking the tunnel construction work in Sixiao Expressway as example practical construction methods and technical measures are elaborated for double-arch tunnel construction; in addition the matters needing attention in construction process are also pointed out.

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E.g. ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Abstract The objective of the analysis presented in this paper is to propose an algorithm for solving the integer linear fractional programs. This algorithm is based mainly on finding the smallest polyhedral set that contains all the feasible integer points in the solution space of these programs. It will be shown that these programs can be reduced to linear programs which can be solved easily using the simplex method. An illustrative simple example is given to demonstrate the proposed algorithm.'] == ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'An Algorithm for solving the Integer Linear Fractional Programs']

Under more conditions, we obtain a unique solution for volterra integral equation in abstract space


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Question: Synthesis and some reactions of 3-cyanopyridine-2-thiones

New methods for the synthesis of 3-cyanopyridine-2-thiones by the reaction of δ-keto nitroles with sulfur and by condensation of chalcones or benzylideneacetone with cyanothioacetamide are given. The compounds obtained were used in various reactions for the preparation of alkylated products, disulfides, and condensed heterocycles, viz., thieno[2,3-b]pyridines and pyrido[2′,3′:2,3]thieno[4,5-d]-pyrimidines.

Reformatsky reaction of methyl α-bromoisobutyrate with Schiff bases derived from salicylaldehyde and its analogs gives the corresponding 1,4-disubstituted 3,3-dimethylazetidin-2-ones.


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Question: Hanle effect for monochromatic excitation. Non perturbative calculation for a J = 0 to J = 1 transition

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Exact theoretical expressions are derived for the fluorescent light observed in a level crossing experiment performed on a Jg = 0 to Je = 1 transition using monochromatic excitation. The effect of radiative broadening and Zeeman detuning is discussed.

Electric dipole rf resonances are observed in levels J = 1 through 9 of A 1Π(υ = 0) of CS. A CS molecular discharge lamp is the source of the pumping ultraviolet radiation. Lambda doubling intervals ranging from 13 to 1787 MHz (100 kHz accuracy) and effective dipole moments of 0.6699 to 0.6786 D (0.0005 D relative error) for 3 ≤ J ≤ 9 are obtained. These data are combined with measurements from the optical spectrum to extend the analysis of perturbations affecting A 1Π(0). Parameters for the off‐diagonal spin–orbit interaction between this and several triplet states, perturbation corrections to the empirical term value T0 and rotational constant B0, and intermixing coefficients for the Stark effect are obtained. The observed variation of the Stark effect with rotational level is analyzed to give two dipole moments: A 1Π(υ = 0), μ = 0.63(4) D; a′ 3Σ+(υ = 10), μ = 1.7(4) D. Error limits include probable effects from neglected minor components. The factors contributing to state selectively in optical pumping...


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Question: Gas Phase Deposition of Diamond-like Carbon Films by Ion Beam Sputtering Enhanced by Electron Beam Excited Plasma.

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The provided query could be "['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The contribution of all the components of one-boson exchange potentials to the spin-orbit splittings of single-particle states of nuclei are determined. Spherical and deformed nuclei are considered, and the one-boson exchange potential is taken into account in an approximation quadratic in the relative momentum. It is shown that all the components of the potential play an essential role for spin-unsaturated nuclei.']" and the positive "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'One-boson exchange potentials and spin-orbit splitting of single-particle levels in nuclei']"

A new type of deposition process, ion beam sputtering enhanced by electron beam excited plasma, was proposed in order to deposit hydrogen-free and sp3 bonding rich diamond-like carbon (DLC) films. In the process, single carbon ions and atoms are generated by ion beam sputtering, and the single atoms are ionized by collision with an electron beam. The results of enhancement by electron beam excited plasma are as follows. Firstly, growth rates of DLC film increase. Secondly, continuous and smooth DLC films are deposited without droplets. Thirdly, Raman spectroscopy of DLC films infers the change of film structure to higher sp3 bonding content. Fourthly, DLC films are infrared transparent at the wavelength of 2.5-25μm, and finally, the friction coefficient between a steel ball and a doped silicon wafer decreases by coating DLC film.

Overview of the OMVPE Process. Thermodynamics. Physical Processes Occurring on the Surface. Source Molecules. Kinetics. Hydrodynamics and Mass Transport. Design of the OMVPE Process. Specific Materials. Superlattice Structures. Devices.


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Question: Relationship between visceral fat accumulation and lipid metabolism in obese patients

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Objective: To study relationship between visceral fat accumulation and lipid metabolism.Methods: A total of 163 patients with pure obesity first visited were enrolled.CT was used to measure intra-abdominal fat area.According to intra-abdominal fat area,patients were divided into visceral obesity group(intra-abdominal fat area ≥100cm2,n=115) and subcutaneous obesity group(intra-abdominal fat area 100cm2,n=48),and human body index and lipid metabolism indexes were measured in two groups.Results: Compared with subcutaneous obesity group,there were significant increase in levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol,and significant decrease in level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in visceral obesity group(P0.05).Linear correlation analysis indicated that intra-abdominal fat area was positively correlated with TG(r=0.235,P=0.003) and negatively correlated with HDL-C(r=-0.162,P=0.039).Conclusion: Visceral fat accumulation is closely correlated with lipid metabolism disorder.

Background ::: Although impaired glucose tolerance is common in cirrhosis, this condition’s pathogenesis remains undefined. This study aimed to clarify pathogenesis related to the pancreas in cirrhotic patients, and to evaluate associations between insulin secretion and pancreatic congestion due to portal hypertension.


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Question: Preparation and certification of ethanol/water CRMs at BAM

The presentation describes the preparation and certification of ethanol/water certified reference materials for the calibration of evidential breath alcohol analysers at BAM.

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The characteristics of TRICONEX TS3000 system and applied in propylene refrigeration compressor unit are introduced.


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Question: Method for backward power flow tracing of power quantities of distribution network

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Method of backward power flow tracing is proposed for getting the relationship of each power quantity in distribution network. This paper gets power chain containing the relationship between each load and corresponding loss and power stream covering the relationship between each load and extracted power utilizing the theory of power distribution. Load-loss distribution coefficient, and load-extracted power flow distribution coefficient are given in the form of sinusoidal steady-state. This method is adopted to a typical 14-node distribution network, getting the conclusion that the sum of each power quantity equaling to the origin power quantity. Case study shows that in the single source power network, sinusoidal steady-state power follows the principle of impedance matching.

The thyristor controlled interphase power controller (TC-IPC) technology offers innovative solutions for high short-circuit environments. Based on sensitivity analysis, optimal locations for these particular IPC controllers are determined. This paper concentrates on control the power flow of a transmission system and as a fault limiter by the effect of IPC controllers. Using the proper model, phase shifting transformer (PST) and the effect of TC-IPC parameters are studied. A three bus system is used as a test bed, computing the system load flow for a given generating and load pattern. In Simulink, all realistic control limits, as well as voltage dependent loads, are used in the power flow computation, with and without TC-IPC controllers.


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Question: A Functional Limit Theorem for Decomposable Branching Processes with Two Particle Types

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A decomposable Galton–Watson branching process with two particle types is studied. It is assumed that the particles of the first type produce equal numbers of particles of the first and second types, while the particles of the second type produce only particles of their own type. Under the condition that the total number of particles of the second type is greater than N →∞, a functional limit theorem for the process describing the number of particles of the first type in different generations is proved.

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Foreword - Philip K. Maini List of Figures List of Notation Introduction and Outline On the Origin of Patterns Mathematical Modeling of Biological Pattern Formation Cellular Automata Random Movement Growth Processes Adhesive Cell Interaction Alignment and Cellular Swarming Pigment Cell Pattern Formation Tissue and Tumor Development Turing Patterns and Excitable Media Discussion and Outlook Appendix A. Growth Processes: A Mean-Field Equation Appendix B. Turing Patterns Appendix C. Excitable Media: Complete Interaction Rule Appendix D. Isotropy, Lattices, and Tensors References Index


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Question: Semiconductor package and method for forming the same

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A semiconductor package and a method for forming the same. In certain embodiments, a semiconductor package includes a leadframe, a light emitter die disposed on the leadframe, and a light detector die disposed on the leadframe adjacent to the light emitter die. In some embodiments, a first transparent molding compound is disposed over the light emitter die and a second transparent molding compound is disposed over the light detector die. The first and second transparent molding compound may be disposed such that a space between them forms a cavity between the die and above the leadframe. In other embodiments a transparent molding compound is disposed simultaneously over the light emitter and light detector die and a subsequent material removal process forms a cavity within the compound between the die. In both embodiments, an opaque molding compound is disposed in the cavity between the die, and is configured to block optical cross-talk between the light emitter and light detector die.

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A wire-less inductive device and methods of manufacturing and use are disclosed. In one embodiment, the inductive device comprises a plurality of through-hole vias which act to replace windings disposed around a magnetically permeable core. In another embodiment, the inductive device comprises a plurality of connection elements disposed or formed within channels which act as windings disposed around a magnetically permeable core. In a second aspect of the invention, a method of manufacturing the aforementioned inductive devices is disclosed. In a third aspect of the invention, an electronics assembly and circuit comprising the wire-less inductive devices are disclosed.


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Question: Investigation of fluid cell resonances in intermittent contact mode atomic force microscopy

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In fluid, the probe resonance curve of the atomic force microscope contains several apparent resonance peaks whose origin is not well understood. In this work, the authors focus on identifying the cause of these peaks and finding the optimal imaging conditions for acoustic intermittent contact mode in fluid environment. The authors demonstrate that the peaks are also present in the spectrum of the fluid movement and in that of the shaker piezo. These peaks may or may not coincide with the natural resonance of a probe in liquid, thus it is possible to drive the probes off-resonance. Numerical calculations show the feasibility of off-resonance imaging, but predict much higher imaging force.

Some examples are selected to demonstrate the variety of possible scanning probe microscopy application in industry. Magnetic and magnetooptical storage media can be investigated by magnetic force microscopy, whereas a conventional scanning force microscope is used to examine surface features of many different materials, such as technical glasses, photosensitive materials, new superconductors, and biomolecules. Some other examples include the modification as well as the observation of liquid crystal devices, and the impact that scanning probe microscopy has on other techniques such as high precision stepping motors and high quality electron beam sources.


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Numerical model of a solar pond

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Up to the present day,there are a total of 35 bacterial blight resistance genes registered internationally or reported in international journals.Among them,26 genes were mapped,including Xa29(t),xa34(t) on chromosome 1;Xa11 on chromosome 3;Xa1,Xa2,Xa12,Xa14,Xa25(t),Xa31(t) on chromosome 4;xa5 on chromosome 5;Xa7,Xa27(t),xa33(t) on chromosome 6;xa8 on chromosome 7;xa13 on chromosome 8;Xa3/Xa26,Xa4,Xa10,Xa21,Xa22(t),Xa23,Xa30(t),Xa32(t),Xa36(t) on chromosome 11;xa25,xa32(t) on chromosome 12.8 bacterial blight resistance genes were cloned,including Xa1,xa5,xa13,Xa21,Xa23,xa25,Xa26 and Xa27.Molecular markers of bacterial blight resistance genes from GRAMENE website were anchored to the physics map of Gramene Annotated Nipponbare Sequence 2009.26 bacterial blight resistance genes were anchored to the physics map 26 units place through this research.The work laid the foundation for cloning bacterial blight resistance genes and the marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes Anchored to Physics Map of Rice Genome']"

Abstract This paper points out an idealization of considerable significance in a recent numerical model of a solar pond due to Wang and Akbarzadeh [3] and outlines the refinements required in the formulation of the above model. Typical temperature calculations from teh resultant model are also presented. of the above model. Typical temperature calculations from the resultant model are also presented.

On the basis of generalized experimental data obtained by the method of local modeling, the article suggests a method of calculating the heat transfer of a swirled flow of gas suspension in a short channel.


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Question: Equilibrium phase compositions, phase densities, and interfacial tensions for carbon dioxide + hydrocarbon systems. 3. CO2 + cyclohexane. 4. CO2 + benzene

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Experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium phase compositions, phase densities, and interfacial tensions are presented for CO/sub 2/ + cyclohexane and for CO/sub 2/ + benzene at 160/sup 0/F at pressures from 1000 psia to the critical point (interfacial tensions as low as 0.009 mN/M). These data for CO/sub 2/ with a naphthenic and an aromatic hydrocarbon complement the authors' earlier work on binary mixtures of CO/sub 2/ with the paraffins n-butane and n-decane.

Article on the solubility of anthracene in ternary methyl tert-butyl ether + alcohol + cyclohexane solvent mixtures at 298.15 K.


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Question: Resonant hydraulic sloshing in a tank of variable depth

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The forced resonant oscillations of a fluid in a tank of variable depth are considered within the hydraulic approximation. It is shown that for certain bottom topographies a continuous periodic output dominated by the first normal mode is possible. This contrasts with the case of a tank of constant depth, where hydraulic jumps are a feature of the motion. The amplitude and frequency of the output are connected by a cubic equation. The fluid response can act like that of a hard or soft spring, depending on the bottom topography. There is also a critical bottom topography that yields a higher order response amplitude.

Temperature stratification in liquids contained in heated vessels studied in stratified layer flow model, using turbulent layer equations


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Question: Research of Postprocessing Algorithm after Fabric Defect Image Segmentation Based on Downsampling

This paper research the algorithm after image segmentation based on using downsampling to preprocess the image and Otsu to segment the image, because defect region is weakened in the process of preprocessing to remove the texture, which lead to the defect region in the binary image can not reflect the original defect information. In view of this shortcoming, this paper put forward a new method to link the different connected regions which belong to a defect region and the new method solve the problem of weakening the defect region in the process of preprocessing, and then the integral information of defect region can be obtained. At last, the experiments’ results prove the validity of the arithmetic in this paper.

Introduction. Instruments. Depth and Transverse Resolution. Phase Imaging. Applications. Appendix A: Vector Field Theory for Depth and Transverse Resolution of a CSOM.


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Question: Continuous differentiability of the free boundary for weak solutions of the Stefan problem

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A method and system sense the logic state of an unknown initial data bit stored in a selected resistive memory cell. According to one method, a first count representing the logic state of the unknown initial data bit stored in the selected memory cell is generated. A second count is then generated, and represents a data bit having a first known logic state stored in the selected memory cell. A third count is then generated, and represents a data bit having a second known logic state stored in the selected memory cell. The logic state of the initial unknown data bit stored in the selected memory cell is then determined from the first, second, and third counts.

This paper proves the existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions of mixed problems for a nonlinear equation with Galerkin method.


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Question: Intelligent credit risk evaluation system using evolutionary-neuro-fuzzy scheme

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Building an accurate credit scoring model is very important to predict effectively the creditworthiness of new customers. Neural networks and genetic algorithm are suitable for building highly predictive credit scoring model, but the lack of transparency of these methods is a major drawback. On the other hand the main advantage of fuzzy models is their ability to describe the behavior of systems with a series of linguistic humanly understandable rules. In this paper we develop an accurate as well as transparent credit scoring model based on the evolutionary-neuro-fuzzy method. Two datasets from the UCI machine learning repository are selected to evaluate the proposed method.

Liu [185] presented a spectrum of random fuzzy dependent-chance programming (DCP) in which the underlying philosophy is based on selecting the decision with maximum chance to meet the event. This chapter introduces the theory of random fuzzy DCP, and integrates random fuzzy simulation, neural network (NN) and genetic algorithm (GA) to produce a hybrid intelligent algorithm for solving random fuzzy DCP models.


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Question: Similarity solutions for unsteady free-convection flow from a continuous moving vertical surface

The transformation group theoretic approach is applied to present an analysis of the problem of unsteady free convection flow over a continuous moving vertical sheet in an ambient fluid. The thermal boundary layer induced within a vertical semi-infinite layer of Boussinseq fluid by a constant heated bounding plate. The application of two-parameter groups reduces the number of independent variables by two, and consequently the system of governing partial differential equations with the boundary conditions reduces to a system of ordinary differential equations with appropriate boundary conditions. The obtained ordinary differential equations are solved analytically for the temperature and numerically for the velocity using the shooting method. Effect of Prandtl number on the thermal boundary-layer and velocity boundary-layer are studied and plotted in curves.

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For instance, <<['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The paper is devoted to the substitution of slip rings through an inductive power transfer system (IPT) for field winding supply in wound rotor traction drives. By an inductively coupled rotational transformer, the rotor-side energizing of the excitation windings can be provided isolated and free of wear. For preliminary investigations, an analytical model of the inductive link and the compensation network has been set up. Based on this, possible types of compensation networks regarding an optimal integration into an electric traction drive were carried out and compared among themselves by parameter studies. Using an experimental prototype system and on the basis of accompanying FEM calculations, the analytical model has been validated and the system tested both stationary and transient.']>>  to "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract:', 'Preliminary investigations of an inductive power transfer system for the rotor power supply of an electric traction drive']"

A full multigrid procedure is incorporated in a finite volume solution for predicting fully developed fluid flow in a streamwise periodic geometry.


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Question: Safety Measures of Concrete Structures Using Fiber Reinforced Concrete-Prevention for Falling Concrete Pieces.

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A study was made of a method for increasing the durability of concrete structures by reinforcing concrete with short fibers to prevent the falling of covering concrete due to corrosion and expansion of reinforcing bars. Fiber-reinforced concrete is required to (1) prevent concrete from falling, (2) have little influence on concrete composition and construction and (3) be economical. Steel fibers, which are generally used, and four types of organic fibers were examined. As a result of the study, it was found that the number of fibers added to concrete had a greater influence on the prevention of concrete falling than the strength of the fiber and that adding more than 300, 000 fibers per cubic meter could prevent covering concrete from falling.

Introduction 1. Health Issues from Materials used in Residential Buildings 2. Hazards to the General Environment from the Manufacture, Use and Disposal of Buildings, Building Materials and Components 3. Whole Building Performance Issues - Design, Construction, Use and Disassembly 4. How to Use the Application Sheets 5. Application Sheets 6. Hazardous Materials in Existing Buildings. Appendix. Useful Addresses. Index


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Question: Effects of repeated crush injuries on motor functional recovery of the sciatic nerve

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Objectives: The present study was conducted to examine whether repeated crush injuries have significant effects on motor functional recovery of peripheral nerves. Methods: Repeated crush injuries of the sciatic nerve were inflicted on adult rats at 1-week intervals, and functionality of the sciatic nerve was assessed by the static sciatic index each week for 8 weeks after the final injury. To determine the effects of repeated crush injuries on motor functional recovery of the sciatic nerve, tibialis anterior muscle fibers from single and triple crush injuries were examined, and fiber size and fiber reinnervation during the 2- to 4-week period after the final injury were measured. Results: Compared to single crush injuries, which completely recovered by post-injury week 4, double crush injuries resulted in retarded, but complete recovery by post-injury week 6, whereas triple crush injuries resulted in marked retardation in the regenerative process with incomplete recovery during week 8 of the experimental ...

An intercostal nerve obtained from a human cadaver 6 h post-mortem was transplanted into the rat sciatic nerve and nerve regeneration was observed 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Sciatic nerves from deceased rats up to 2 days post-mortem were also transplanted for comparison. Good nerve regeneration was observed through the human cadaver-derived graft to the distal segment at the medial plantal nerve 8 weeks after surgery. The results of the present study indicate the possibility that nerves from human cadavers can be used for nerve grafting in clinical applications.


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Question: Mo1135 Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Gallstones According to Coronary Heart Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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G A A b st ra ct s tissues had significantly higher total scores compared to tissues from ECC patients without PSC, both in non-cancerous and cancerous tissues. In addition, PSC cases with biliary cancer tended to have a higher COX-2 score in non-cancerous bile duct epithelium compared to cases without biliary cancer. Conclusion: In PSC, overexpression of COX-2 was observed in non-cancerous and cancerous tissues; thus, COX-2 expression may be related to carcinogenesis in biliary cancer.

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Genotype Distribution of the 46C/T Polymorphism of Coagulation Factor XII in the Japanese Population: Absence of Its Association with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease -


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Question: The dark side of the breastfeeding: In the light of endocrine disruptors

Abstract Breastfeeding plays an essential role in the healthy development of a newborn, but human milk is obviously compromised by pollutants from our environment. The main contaminants of human milk with endocrine-disrupting compound (EDCs) have raised concern for public and environmental health. Bisphenol A (BPA), which can leach from plastics, are among the most well-studied. Since EDs are known to cross the mammary gland barrier and BPA may accumulate in the neonate, “BPA-free” products have been introduced to the market. However, recent studies have shown that alternative bisphenols (e.g. BPS, BPF) can be detected in breast milk, have ED activities and may have developmental effects similar to BPA.

Children are increasingly diagnosed with neuropsychiatric disorders which is an expression of the contemporary increase in the medicalization of deviance. In several countries there have been fierc ...


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Question: Stability of Purple Potato Anthocyanin

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The stability of purple potato anthocyanin extract is studied in different environmental conditions. The results show that,under the same temperature condition,anthocyanin solution in the condition of p H 3 is the most stable. Under the same p H condition,it is relatively stable in 70 ℃,the degradation speed of anthocyanin accelerate obviously when more than70 ℃. Light experiment show that,scatter light and 254 nm ultraviolet light influence the anthocyanin stability. The effect of metalions on anthocyanin stability is not big,but because of the nature color of Fe3+,Fe2+,Cu2+,the color of anthocyanin has been more affected. Anthocyanin stability is improved signally by adding 2% glucose and 2% trehalose.

Nutritional Ecology of Forb Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Insect Folivores of Woody Plants: Nitrogen, Water, Fiber and Mineral Considerations Nutritional Ecology of Grass Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Phytophagous Mites Nutritional Ecology of Lichen/Moss Arthropods Nutritional Ecology of Arthropod Gall-Makers Nutritional Ecology of Bruchid Beetles Nutritional Ecology of Seed-Sucking Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product and House Dust Mites Ecology of Nectar and Pollen Feeding in Lepidoptera.


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Question: Study of Mid/Long-Distance Running Speed

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The author of this paper first makes a survey of the stamina of mid/long-distance running athletes and the ways to train them through study of the related literature and consultation with experts in this field of study,and then,on the basis of the survey,puts forward his own viewpoints.

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14 slides.-- Presentation delivered at the Topic Session "CRIS in a University IT Environment (II)"


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Question: Sensitivity of an Immunomagnetic Separation Based Test for Detecting Escherichia coli 3

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For example, ['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "Thermodynamic properties of borates are important because its particular behavior.The Pitzer's single electrolyte parameters with respect to various polyborate anions for potassium tetraborate based on osmotic coefficients data in literatures are given in this report.The osmotic coefficients calculated with the parameters using the Pitzer's model have been compared with the experimental data."] should be similar to ['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Pitzer Parameters of Potassium Tetraborate in Aqueous Solution at 298.15K']

A carriage for a conveyer for piece goods. The carriage is provided with a tilting device that is fastened to a carriage frame and is equipped with a push rod which is used to tilt a transporting tray disposed on a horizontal shaft. When the transporting tray is being tilted, for example, a postal package disposed on the tray is transferred at a preselected destination, for example, to a chute. A locking device equipped with detent pawls, an adjustment disc and a locking disc, automatically locks the transporting tray in its predetermined oblique position. In this way the transporting tray is prevented from tilting back once a sliding block provided for the pivoting is no longer in engagement with the tilting device in the region of the tilting path. The sliding block can thus be shorter than the tilt path.

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Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Antacid Therapy on 13 C Urea Breath Tests and Stool Test for Helicobacter Pylori Infection


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Question: Vascular changes in placentae from cases of materno-fetal rhesus incompatibility.

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Three placentae from cases of materno-fetal Rhesus incompatibility have been studied electron microscopically. An abnormal villous vascular arrangement with dilated capillaries and newly formed vessels and stromal edema were the most characteristic findings. Syncytiotrophoblastic trophic changes and focal thickening of the trophoblast basement membrane were also found. It is suggested that placental changes observed in Rh incompatibility could be related to endothelial cell damage.

Abstract We report two successful outcomes following intravenous immunoglobulin therapy as adjunctive treatment in severely compromised, growth restricted pregnancies associated with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus.


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Question: Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the transverse acoustic and lowest optic modes in doped with lithium

Two crystals of with 1% and 5% Li have been investigated by inelastic neutron scattering. The transverse acoustic and lowest optic modes have been measured in the [100] direction from room temperature down to 10 K. The wavevector dependences of the mode softening, damping and intensities are represented. The measured dispersions are analysed in the framework of an extended shell model assuming an anisotropic non-linear polarizability of the oxygen ion. On the basis of this model, structure factors are calculated and compared with measured phonon intensities. Conclusions on the influence of the lithium substitution on the non-linear character of the polarizability are discussed.

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Abstract We report new Raman scattering measurements in the tetragonal phase of a single domain BaTiO3 crystal. Data reveal the occurence of a large quasi elastic scattering. The Raman profile is analysed in terms of coexisting soft phonon and Debye relaxation.


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Question: Estimating global abortion incidence from 1990 until 2015 using Bayesian methods and a framework of abortion determinants

Abortion incidence estimates are needed to monitor progress in achieving universal access to reproductive healthcare. To date, estimates abortion incidence worldwide have been made for 1995, 2003 and 2008. We propose a new approach to estimating abortion incidence and use this approach to estimate current abortion levels and past trends. The estimates are based on available data for all countries pertaining directly to abortion incidence, as well as information on factors indirectly related to abortion, such as contraceptive method mix and the unmet need for contraception. In the proposed model, abortion incidence is estimated on the basis of determinants of abortion using Bayesian methods. The final paper will present selected findings to illustrate the modelling approach.

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While rape is a very serious crime and public health problem, no spatial mapping has been attempted for rape on the national scale. This article addresses the three research questions: (1) Are reported rape cases randomly distributed across the United States, after being adjusted for population density and age, or are there geographical clusters of reported rape cases? (2) Are the geographical clusters of reported rapes still present after adjusting for differences in poverty levels? (3) Are there geographical clusters where the proportion of reported rape cases that lead to an arrest is exceptionally low or exceptionally high? We studied the geographical variation of reported rape events (2003–2012) and rape arrests (2000–2012) in the 48 contiguous states of the USA. The disease surveillance software SaTScanTM with its spatial scan statistic is used to evaluate the spatial variation in rapes. The spatial scan statistic has been widely used as a geographical surveillance tool for diseases, and we used it ...


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Question: The geometric series method for constructing exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations

It is proved that, for the majority of integrable evolution equations, the perturbation series constructed based on the exponential solution of the linearized problem is geometric or becomes geometric as a result of changing the variable in the equation or after a transformation of the series. Using this property, a method for constructing exact solutions to a wide class of nonintegrable equations is proposed; this method is based on the requirement for the perturbation series to be geometric and on the imposition of constraints on the values of the coefficients and parameters of the equation under which the sum of the series is the solution to be found. The effectiveness of using the diagonal Pade approximants the minimal order of which is determined by the order of the pole of the solution to the equation is demonstrated.

In this paper, we study the location of the zeros and poles of general Pade approximats toe z. The location of these zeros and poles is useful in the analysis of stability for related numerical methods for solving systems of ordinary differential equations.


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Question: Sage as a condiment in the graeco-roman era

Several species of Salvia contributed to this flavorinǵ and preservinǵ adjunct of food in classical times.

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Grapes appear rather early in temperate Europe: even in the cool north of Sweden, their pips occur in the Neolithic.- With grapes go wine, and with wine go the artefacts of wine, amongst them the cauldron on wheels - a grand and an odd artefact type of Bronze Age Europe.


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Question: Magnesium metabolism in lactating goats fed on grass diets differing in mineral content.

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A balance experiment was carried out using four young lactating goats in a Latin square design, fed with perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) from plots that had received 377 kg K/ha (diet 1); 63 kg K plus 377 kg Na/ha (diet 2); 188 kg K plus 188 kg Na/ha (diet 3) or no fertilizer (control diet 4). The apparent availability of Mg was high in all the grass diets (0·355–0·469); it was significantly depressed (P There was a significantly lower (P The plasma Mg concentration was not significantly affected by any dietary treatment but did decrease temporarily when diets were changed. There were no significant effects on mineral concentrations in the milk.

Goose faeces and inorganic fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) were applied to Medicago sativa and Lolium multiflorum cultivated pasture swards to compare their effects on the yield and nutrient components of two forage types. Compared with inorganic fertilizer, goose faeces increased the M. sativa yield and crude protein content by 29.4% and 11.2%, respectively, and L. multiflorum Lam yield and crude protein content by 6.2% and 13.9%, respectively. Difference in fertilizer type did not result in any significant differences in the fibre component within the same forage species (P0.05). The yield and crude protein content of cultivated pasture can be improved by applying goose faeces, improving the pasture's nutritive value.


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Question: The enthalpy of mixing of liquid NaF and NaMgF3 from drop calorimetry

Abstract The enthalpy of mixing of three liquid mixtures of NaF and NaMgF 3 has been measured by drop calorimetry and was found to be negative. This energy release is attributed to a change in the equilibrium Mg 1 4 [MgF 2− 4 ] 3 4 +f − a MgF 2− 4 to the formation of complex MgF 2− 4 -ions. A Δ H M diagram for the system NaF-MgF 2 up to 50 mol % MgF 2 has been constructed.

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The specific conductivity and tracer of diffusion of sodium and barium ions have been determined and the values of the transport numbers and correlation factor for diffusion have been calculated in two melts of the Na2O–BaO–Ga2O3–SiO2 system.


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Question: Twisted Cohomotopy implies M5-brane anomaly cancellation

We highlight what seems to be a remaining subtlety in the argument for the cancellation of the total anomaly associated with the M5-brane in M-theory. Then we prove that this subtlety is resolved under the hypothesis that the C-field flux is charge-quantized in the generalized cohomology theory called J-twisted Cohomotopy.

Introduction Equivalences of deformation theories The Betti and de Rham deformation theories and their moduli spaces The Dolbeault groupoid Equivalence of de Rham and Dolbeault groupoids Hyperkahler geometry on the moduli space The twistor space The moduli space and the Riemann period matrix Bibliography.


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Question: Lipid peroxidation and retinal degeneration.

Retinal degenerations were produced in albino rats by exposure to constant illumination or in frogs and albino rats by intravitreal injections of ferrous sulfate. Both treatments resulted in the loss of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides in isolated rod outer segments. We suggest that lipid peroxidation is a factor in certain types of retinal degenerations.

Objectives ::: To determine mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction (ED) during the course of arthritis and to investigate the link between cytokines, chemokines and osteoprotegerin.


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Question: UTILIZING WASTES OF THE SYNTHETIC RUBBER INDUSTRY IN THE ROLE OF ACID CORROSION DECELERATORS

Abstract : When manufacturing divinyl by catalytic decomposition of ethyl alcohol, synthetic rubber plants are using various wastes of complex composition, which can serve as decelerators of acid corrosion of certain metals. To these wastes belong so called 'foamy reagent' (an alcohol-hydrocarbon mixture), vat remains (low B.P. hydrocarbons), and motor fuel (non-polymerized hydrocarbons). The effectiveness of these wastes in retarding corrosion in the following systems is reported: low carbon steel 08 in 1 and 7 percent solutions of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid solutions; stainless steel 1KH18N9T in 1 and 7 percent of hydrochloric acid; copper in 3 percent nitric acid.

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: Choice and Development of the Fine and Valuable Hardwood Tree Species in Tropical and South Subtropical Regions of China

The uses,adaptability,economic benefit,ecological benefit and social benefit of the fine and valuable hardwood tree species are analyzed.The choice of the fine and valuable hardwood tree species in tropical and south subtropical regions is discussed.Measures are proposed for problems in the development of the fine and valuable hardwood tree species.

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List of Maps List of Tables Preface Introduction Part I. The Global Context 1. The Early Modern World 2. Climate and Early Modern World Environmental History Part II. Eurasia and Africa 3. Pioneer Settlement on Taiwan 4. Internal Frontiers and Intensified Land Use in China 5. Ecological Strategies in Tokugawa Japan 6. Landscape Change and Energy Transformation in the British Isles 7. Frontier Settlement in Russia 8. Wildlife and Livestock in South Africa Part III. The Americas 9. The Columbian Exchange: The West Indies 10. Ranching, Mining, and Settlement Frontiers in Colonial Mexico 11. Sugar and Cattle in Portuguese Brazil 12. Landscapes of Sugar in the Antilles Part IV. The World Hunt 13. Furs and Deerskins in Eastern North America 14. The Hunt for Furs in Siberia 15. Cod and the New World Fisheries 16. Whales and Walruses in the Northern Oceans Conclusion Bibliography Index


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Question: The Optimization of Group Panel-Type Radiator of Transformer

The author used CFD software to simulate when group panel-type radiator quantity, space, height of gooseneck have changed, how temperature distribute on the radiator. To obtain when group panel-type radiator quantity, space, height of gooseneck and other factors have changed, the laws of heat transfer efficiency changed and analyzed the reasons for emergence of such laws in theory. The optimal group of panel-type radiator improvement program is explored, to provide guidance for the practical application of engineering.

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Design and implementation of a constant selling oil automatic system based on fuzzy PID algorithm

In this paper, we propose a novel strategy to design a reliable and practical constant selling oil automatic system,through the use of S7-226PLC, flow meter, inverter and other hardware devices. A kind of fuzzy PID control algorithm was researched to guarantee the system accuracy. The fuzzy PID controller can control the inverter output frequency by changing the voltage of the inverter and self-tuning PID parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd), and thus it controls the pump speed to achieve the demanded accuracy of the constant selling oil. Finally, the paper adopted C#.NET technology to design the management software. The software can accomplish system functions such as communication with PLC, realization remote control, data management and others. Experimental results and field running shows that the system achieves the accuracy,security and energy saving demands of the constant selling oil automatic system, also obtains a satisfactory control effect.

Based on the application of remote monitoring system in a specified water-supply pump station,this article discusses on the control of the output from remote transducer and the reading and writing of its parameters by way of MODEM and synchronous communication in MCGS configuration in order to monitor the remote transducer.


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Question: [Concepts in the treatment of injuries of the thoracic and lumbar spine].

The thoracolumbar connection represents a particular problem in view of the extent and stability of spine damage. A retrospective examination after conservative treatment of unstable injuries has shown unfavourable results. The authors therefore established a new therapeutic concept for this injury. Instable injuries should be surgically treated as early as possible, those with neurological defect are subject for emergency operation. A surgical approach (posterior transpedicular) is described. The urgent operation on the injured persons with medullar lesions enable an early rehabilitation and prevents further complications.

Summary of Background Data. Case studies documenting the incidence of thoracic intraspinal, extradural synovial cysts are limited. The occurrence of synovial cysts is associated with varied symptoms that differ among cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. The clinical appearance may be similar to other spinal diseases. Methods. This report describes symptoms exhibited by and care provided for a patient with extradural, sine, synovial cysts, thoracic cyst, thoracic spine)


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Question: Experimental and theoretical investigation of Kolmogorov flow on a cylindrical surface

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A laboratory model of Kolmogorov flow in a channel on a cylindrical surface, which eliminates the channel end effect observed in plane channels, has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. The number of half-periods of the external force could be varied from two to 22. It is shown that the type of secondary flow depends on the number of half-periods of the basic flow: traveling wave for an odd number of half-periods, quasisteady vortex structure for an even number of half-periods, and a self-oscillating regime when the channel width is equal to four half-periods. The theoretical analysis is based on the use of the Galerkin approximation of the equations of hydrodynamics. The system of equations obtained is solved numerically in conjunction with an analysis of the naturally arising eigenvalue problems.

Temperature stratification in liquids contained in heated vessels studied in stratified layer flow model, using turbulent layer equations


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Question: Strength of the Shoulder Rotators in Second-League Volleyball Players

Introduction. The main aim of the study was to assess the strength of the shoulder rotator muscles of a group of second-league volleyball players. These muscles are assumed to have a crucial impact on attack effectiveness in volleyball. Strength was assessed based on peak torque values obtained for the rotator muscles measured using the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) method. Torque was measured in both limbs and the differences between the two limbs were examined. The torque values obtained for the volleyball players were also compared against those measured in a group of students who had never trained any sports.

Increasing Rate of Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS in Iranian Chil-dren: An Alarm for Health Policymakers


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Question: Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Cumulative Research and the Patent Law

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Most innovators stand on the shoulders of giants, and never more so than in the current evolution of high technologies, where almost all technical progress builds on a foundation provided by earlier innovators. Most economics literature on patenting and patent races has looked at innovations in isolation, without focusing on the externalities or spillovers that early innovators confer on later innovators. But the cumulative nature of research poses problems for the optimal design of patent law that are not addressed by that perspective. The challenge is to reward early innovators fully for the technological foundation they provide to later innovators, but to reward later innovators adequately for their improvements and new products as well. This paper investigates the use of patent protection and cooperative agreements among firms to protect incentives for cumulative research.

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The Urgent Need to Look Ahead The Momentum of Tax Reform A View from the Legislative Front Experience from a Century of Change Demographic Shark in the Fiscal Water We're Not Getting Any Younger Taxation in a Small World The Search for Compatible Tax Systems International Tax Law: The Need for Constructive Change International Cooperation Is Possible Developing Countries' Delicate Balances Day of Reckoning Approaches for the European Community Outlook for Japan A Plea for Stable Principles Political Realities in a New Century Faith in Market Forces The US Supply-Side Revolution Another Side to the Supply Side Richer Means Harder to Tax A Second Word About Taxing Affluence A Pollution Tax Makes Sense Forces That Shape Tax Policy Computerized Tax Collecting The Value of Warning.


Question: A low complexity threshold detector making MLSD decisions in a multiuser environment

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We present a pipelined implementation of an iterative threshold detector, which makes the same decisions as a maximum likelihood sequence detector (MLSD) on some, but not necessarily all, bits. We apply this as a first stage detector in a direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) interference-limited multiuser system. In combination with the single-user matched filter (MF) detector we obtain improved performance and lower complexity than with the decorrelating receiver for a limited number of simultaneous users, e.g. up to 25 users with a spreading factor of 127.

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We construct a Verilog-A compact module for all-to-all optically interconnected system. A physics-based model of a cyclic AWGR generate simulation results, which are compared to the measured data of an actual AWGR.


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Question: Nemaline myopathy in the Ashkenazi Jewish population is caused by a deletion in the nebulin gene

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Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a neuromuscular disorder that is clinically diverse and can be attributed to mutations in any of several genes. The Ashkenazi Jewish population, which represents a relatively genetically homogeneous group, has an increased frequency of several genetic disorders and has been the beneficiary of genetic screening programs that have reduced the incidence of these diseases. The identification of individuals with NM in this population has prompted a study of its cause. Our study has revealed that five NM patients from five families bear an identical 2,502-bp deletion that lies in the nebulin gene and that includes exon 55 and parts of introns 54 and 55. The absence of this exon results in the generation of a transcript that encodes 35 fewer amino acids. An analysis of the gene frequency of this mutation in a random sample of 4,090 Ashkenazi Jewish individuals has revealed a carrier frequency of one in 108.

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The authors report clinical and genetic study of 13 patients from three unrelated Tunisian families with an early onset cerebellar ataxia associated with oculomotor apraxia. Cerebellar ataxia with oculomotor apraxia 1 (AOA1) represents a clinically heterogeneous disease caused by mutations in the aprataxin gene. Two novel mutations were identified, the complete deletion of the gene, which seems to not correlate with an increased severity of the disease, and a splice mutation on the acceptor splice site of exon 7.


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Question: Noise distribution of multi-core CPU packages

This paper deals with noise distribution over nonuniform two-dimensional planes of multi-core CPU packages. The numerical algorithm is based on circuit finite difference time domain, which employs voltage-controlled current sources in the current/voltage updating scheme. It is applied to plane pairs with non-uniform geometry (which can include metal voids), as well as arbitrary location of sources and decoupling capacitors. The model is extended to a full-3D package stack-up, and the noise distribution on the power planes is analyzed with uniform and point-source excitation.

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This appendix pertains to the level diagram calculations of the Pandora single-channel radar.


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Question: Interactions across liquid thin films

The paper gives an overview on interactions between two opposing interfaces in liquids. The interfaces are either solid (two silica surfaces) or fluid (in foam films or in membrane stacks). The liquids are either simple ones (water or salty water) or contain polyelectrolytes. In the latter case, the confinement leads to a structuring of the polyelectrolytes which leads to oscillatory forces in addition to DLVO forces. The effect of interface properties on the interactions is studied by modification of interfaces. In case of solid interfaces, they are modified by the adsorption of polyelectrolyte multilayers, while fluid interfaces are varied by changing the amphiphile/polymer combination. With regard to the studied problem, different methods are used to study the interactions.

. A new set of FMR lines observed after reducing for 45 min is the emphasis studied in this note.


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E.g. ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Pharmacoproteomics and Drug Discovery'] == ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'In the 21 century, scientists worked in biomedical research areas face a tremendous transformation from genome to proteome. Proteomics is a bridge crossing genome to drug discovery. Proteomics studies will provide potential targets for therapeutic usage and moreover increase the efficiency of the downstream drug discovery process. Pharmacoproteomics should be defined as the discovery and validation of all possible targets and all potential compounds to these targets. In clinical studies, it should be involved in determining the specific proteins as therapeutics and diagnostic markers, subtyping patients on the basis of protein analysis. In this article, the proteome technology and research progress in targets and drug discovery were reviewed.'] != ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Gemstone Team IMMUNE (Innovative Medicines for Maladies Utilizing Nutraceutical Enhancements)']

Question: Influenza Seasonal Summary: Departments of the Navy and Defense 2015-2016

Abstract : This report summarizes influenza activity among Department of Navy (DON) and Department of Defense (DOD) beneficiaries during the 2015-2016 influenza season. Using multiple electronic data sources (namely laboratory results, pharmacy transactions, immunization records, encounter and admission records, medical event reports) the impact of influenza on the DON beneficiary population was assessed and summarized. Each data source enabled the evaluation from a different clinical perspective, and further allows for the determination of the relationship between the sources.

Proceedings of the Workshop on ICT Uses in Warfare and the Safeguarding of Peace 2010 Forever Resort, Bela Bela 11 October 2010


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Question: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

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Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is a common gynecologic problem, occurring most frequently at the extremes of a woman's reproductive life. The primary cause of DUB is anovulation; however, because DUB is a diagnosis of exclusion, a detailed history and a thorough physical and pelvic examination with appropriate diagnostic tests are essential in order to rule out other pathologic causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. Knowledge of the physiologic basis, differential diagnoses, and diagnostic and management modalities for DUB enables the nurse practitioner to provide optimal care for the patient.

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Cyproterone acetate versus a continuous monophasic oral contraceptive in the treatment of recurrent pelvic pain after conservative surgery for symptomatic endometriosis Metformin therapy improves ovulatory rates, cervical scores, and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome Association of thrombocytopenia and delivery method with intraventricular hemorrhage among very-low-birth-weight infants Randomized trial of concurrent oxytocin with a sustained-release dinoprostone vaginal insert for labor induction at term Factors associated with an increased risk of prevalent and incident grade III cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer among women with Papanicolaou tests classified as grades I or II cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Adverse perinatal outcomes are significantly higher in severe gestational hypertension than in mild preeclampsia Risk of Uterine Rupture during Labor among Women with a Prior Cesarean Delivery


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Question: World Library and Information Congress: 71th IFLA General Conference and Council "Libraries - A voyage of discovery"

Hydrophilic coatings for implants are disclosed. The coatings are hydrophobically bound to the implant, but are not covalently cross-linked or covalently anchored to the implant's surface.

ECER 2012. The European Conference on Educational Research 2012 will take place in the University of Cadiz.


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Question: Evaluation of E-Government Systems: Project Assessment vs Development Assessment

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Most reported literature on evaluation of e-government systems tend to focus on narrow aspects of project design and implementation. The larger context of development and related issues are not used for assessment. This paper presents a case for evaluation of e-government projects by using development theory as propounded by Amartya Sen. A single e-government system, the Bhoomi system of Karnataka, India, is used as a case, and it is evaluated using both a project assessment approach and a development assessment approach. The two approaches lead to different conclusions, providing insights as to the value of each.

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How to Think About R&D Quality. Organizing for Quality in R&D. Measuring R&D Quality. Assessing R&D Quality Status. Intellectual Property Management Process Improvement. Implementing Quality in Research: A Case Example. Views and Lessons Learned at the Top. References. Index.


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represent the following document
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'['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Selection of Feeding Mode in Programming of Numerical Control Milling Based on Cimatron']' == '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'In this paper, five feeding models of automatic programming of Cimatron software in NC miller process are introduced. By using cases, this paper analyzes setting method and merits and drawbacks of two vertical knife input models and a spiral knife input model, and furthermore, gives their optimization schemes, respectively.']' != '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "Debugging Of Large-scaled Data Processing Systems Like Supercomputers Is Becoming More Difficult. One Of The Causes Of The Trouble Is A Long Time For Reproducing VlSI's To Change Logic Design. An Automated On-chip Direct Wiring Modification System, Using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) And Laser CVD, Was Developed. It Reduced The Logic Change Period To One Day. The Debugging Time Of The Newest Mainframe Computer M880 Was Shortened By A Few Months."]'

Question: The avian centrifugal visual system and its possible contribution to focal attention

Abstract Birds have a well-developed centrifugal pathway from the optic tectum to the retina via the isthmo-optic nucleus (ION). We examined functional and morphological properties of the avian centrifugal visual system (CVS). The avian CVS is a neural structure that is composed of 10,000 parallel retinopetal modules, which, in turn, are composed of three serially connected neurons (tecto-IO neurons, IO neurons and IO target cells in the retina). The centrifugal modules compete with each other in a long-range scale. IO-lesioned animals showed delay in pecking time to scattered foods. These results may support a hypothesis that the avian CVS plays some role in the synthesis of visual focal attention.

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Speculation by Nijhawan that visual perceptual mechanisms compensate for neural delays has no basis in the physiological properties of neurons known to be involved in motion perception and visuomotor control. Behavioral and physiological evidence is consistent with delay compensation mediated primarily by motor systems.


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Question: Gametocytocidal activity of the antimalarial alpha/beta arteether against Plasmodium cynomolgi B.

A new sesquiterpene lactone alpha/beta arteether (a 30:70 mixture of enantiomers), which possesses very high blood schizontocidal activity, has been evaluated for gametocytocidal/sporontocidal action against Plasmodium cynomolgi B infection in the rhesus monkey. This paper reports gametocytocidal action of this new antimalarial drug at 2.5-5 mg/kg (single im dose) against P. cynomologi B as shown by the complete absence of mosquito infectivity. No sporontocidal action was demonstrable in the vector at a dose of up to 20-50 mg/kg im.

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Phytochemical re-examination of the aerial exudates of Polygonum senegalense forma senegalense has resulted in the isolation and characterization of a novel homoisoflavonoid, 5,7- dihydroxy-3-(hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-6-methoxy-chroman-4-one (trivial name: polygohomoisoflavanone). The structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The new compound along with other components of the aerial exudate showed good antiplasmodial activities towards chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum.


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Question: A follow-up and conclusive report on the attitude towards hydrogen fuel cell buses in the CUTE project—From passengers in Stockholm to bus operators in Europe

Abstract This paper concerns the attitude towards the fuel cell bus and the hydrogen technology used in the CUTE project, represented by two passenger surveys performed in Stockholm, a survey performed among drivers in four cities and final statements as well as recommendations for future projects by project partners. Main results are: • The passengers’ willingness to pay for having more fuel cell buses in public transport was still low after one year of operation. • Concern about safety is not an issue among passengers or drivers. • The acceleration was rated as inferior to that of regular buses by 50% of the drivers; this differs from earlier findings in Stockholm. • The operators were pleased with the reliability of the buses and the trust in the new technology grew stronger during the project period. Main problems were lack of spare parts and insufficient information sharing due to confidentiality.

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The identification and planning of tourism’s actual and perceived economic impacts in rural areas as destination community in accordance with the...


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Question: A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON OSTRACODA (CRUSTACEA) FAUNA OF THE ISTRANCA STREAMS-TURKEY

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To determine the Ostracoda fauna of the Istranca region, this preliminary study was performed and seven stream, Kuzuludere, Buyukdere (Cilinkozdere), Sultanbahcedere, Papucdere, Elmali, Kisla and Efendi stream, located in Istranca region, were investigated. In this way, ten spe-cies; Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, 1890; Pseudocandona albicans (Brady, 1864); Candona sp; Candonopsis kingsleii (Brady & Robertson, 1870); Physocypria kraepelini G. W. Muller, 1903; Heterocypris salina (Brady, 1868); Psychrodromus fontinalis (Wolf, 1920); Cypridopsis vidua (O.F. Muller, 1776); Potamocypris variegata (Brady & Nonman, 1889); Limnocythere inopinata (Baird, 1843) were identified. The highest species number was found in Sultanbahce stream. Also Pseudocandona albicans is new record for Thrace region of Turkey.

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Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: Chapter 3 – LTE Radio Access: An Overview

This chapter provides an overview of LTE and its evolution. The most important technology components of LTE release 8—including transmission schemes, scheduling, multi-antenna support, and spectrum flexibility—as well as the additional features and enhancements (e.g., carrier aggregation, relaying, license-assisted access, enhancements for machine-type communication, and direct device-to-device communication) introduced in later releases up to and including release 13 are presented. The chapter can either be read on its own to get a high-level overview of LTE, or as an introduction to the subsequent chapters.

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Question: Development of a real-time data quality monitoring system using embedded intelligence

Rule-based reasoning and case-based reasoning have emerged as two important and complimentary reasoning methodologies in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). This paper describes the development of a real-time data quality monitoring system (CORMS AI) using case-based and rule-based reasoning. CORMS AI was developed to augment an existing decision support system (CORMS Classic) for monitoring the quality of environmental data and information and their respective computer based systems for use in NOAA Ocean Service's oceanographic operational products.

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A new approach to developing Web-enabled environments for remote diagnostics, maintenance, and experimentation in engineering is based on a middleware layer that uses a Java-lntemet-Labview server to provide communication between Java programs and Labview virtual instruments. The authors illustrate their technique by applying it to the development of a complete Web-enabled application for remote control of a thermal process.


Question:
represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about
Examples:
Provided: ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Analysis of development of the modern logics through practical thought'] Match: ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "With the development of computer science and the deepening study within the field of Artificial Intelligence,Classical Logics Theory have widely been applied and developed,Logic idea on study,objects and methods have also had their transformation.The logical function no longer merely was confined to the effective inference,but has been applied to comprehensive discussion about the programs,patterns,methods and rules in agent's thinking activities.This paper takes the practical thought as meta-thought(logics),analyzes the motivations of the development of the modern logics from the views of methodology,along with exploring effects of the practical thought for development of concrete sciences."] Hard Negative: ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Abstrcat The author discusses the second and the third criteria of the evaluation for public libraries of our country and their influences on the standardization of library business management.']

Question: On Effect of Advertisements on Youngsters and Countermeasures

From the angle of the relation between social orientation of advertisements and school moral training as well as quality education, this paper discusses the positive and negative effect of advertisements on youngsters, and puts forward some countermeasures about purifing the environment of advertisements and raising comprehensively the social benefit of advertisements to educating people.

Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: Computational tomographic phase microscopy

We investigate a computational-based approach in tomographic flow cytometry by digital holography to characterize self-rolling cells in microfluidic channels. Different experimental validations, by employing red blood cells (RBCs) and diatoms, are made.

We demonstrated a self-bending point spread function (SB-PSF) based on self-accelerating Airy beams for three-dimensional (3D) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. The approach offers several-fold improvement over previously reported 3D imaging methods.


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Question: The Protection and Inheritance of Non-material Cultural Heritage in the Oroqen Ethnic Group——For the Example of Mosukun

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Mosukun is a very popular kind of folk art in Oroqen people,which has been included in the first batch of non-material cultural heritage list.Mosukun is mainly spread in Heilongjiang place,whose lyrics and tunes are very unique art its value can not be neglected.This thesis makes an inquiry and puts forward the countermeasures to Mosukun state.

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Translator's Preface Introduction 1. Japan's "Sole Road for Survival": The Range of Views Within the Guandong Army over the Seizure of Manchuria and Mongolia 2. Transforming Manchuria-Mongolia into a Paradise for Its Inhabitants: Building a New State and Searching for State-Building Ideals 3. Toward a Model of Politics for the World: The Banner of Moral State Creation and the Formation of Manzhouguo Politics 4. "The Long-Term Policy of National Management Will Always Be in Unison with the Japanese Empire": The Paradise of the Kingly Way Stumbles and the Path Toward the Merging of Japan and Manzhouguo 5. Conclusion: Chimera, Reality, and Illusion Afterword Interview: How Shall We Understand Manchuria and Manzhouguo? Appendix: On the Historical Significance of Manchuria and Manzghouguo Chronology on the Modern History of Manchuria and East Asia Notes Index