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Question: Virtual MIMO Multicast-based Multihop Transmission Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Virtual MIMO technique can greatly reduce the fading effect of wireless link,and save transmission energy.In this paper,we proposed a new virtual MIMO multihop transmission scheme(VMMM) by combining MIMO multicast with LEACH protocol.Through avoiding intra-cluster broadcast in multi-hop data forwarding process,this transmission scheme can improve the energy efficiency of sensor networks.In order to optimize the performance of VMMM,we first analyzed the energy consumption of this scheme,and then developed a jointly optimization model to determine the optimum network parameters.Simulation results show that compared with the previous virtual MIMO multi-hop transmission scheme(vMISO protocol),the proposed scheme significantly improves the energy efficiency,and prolong the network lifetime by at least 50%.

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Shared-Path Protection for Resource Efficiency.- Sub-Path Protection for Scalability and Fast Recovery.- Segment Protection for Bandwidth Efficiency and Differentiated Quality of Protection.- Survivable Traffic Grooming-Dedicated Protection.- Survivable Traffic Grooming-Shared Protection.- Survivable Virtual Concatenation for Data Over Sonet/Sdh.


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Question: Anticorrosion and antiwear method

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The present invention, in particular to protect the mechanical parts of the aircraft or helicopter to receive all of the air in the art, corrosion and wear, the present invention relates to a process for the corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of the treated aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate. According to the invention, the method, sol-gel processing stage-sol to form a gel layer 200; And the sol-gel process comprises applying, after step, a light oxidation step of forming a hard oxide layer 300 on base material 10.

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Anti-corrosive properties,coating process,quality control and et al of high-solid epoxy aluminum powder paint applied on the steel buried pipes are introduced.The performanced thereof are compared with these of other anti-corrosive systems.


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Question: Assessment of Health Profile of Rural School Children in Central India

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A clinical survey of was 735 school going children was carried out in rural areas of central India to assess their health status. Every student was subjected to thorough general, systemic examination and hemoglobin estimation. Anthropometric measurements revealed that the weight and height of boys in the age group of 10-11 and 16-17 years was significantly less than ICMR standards whereas the weight and height of girls in the age group of 12 to 17 years was significantly less than ICMR standards (P>0.05). The co morbidities found in rural school children were anaemia (80.8%), gross malnutrition (32%), Deficiency of Vitamin A ( 13.1% ) and Vitamin B complex (19.3%)), skin infections (32.1%), teeth disorder (30.1%), Lymphadenopathy (24.8%), throat infections (18.1%), ear disorders (16.3%), eye disorders (16.1%) and intestinal infections (10.3%). Thus our results highlight a need for intervention health programs aimed at preventing common morbidities and promoting the health of school children.

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List of Tables List of Figures List of Boxes Acknowledgements List of Acronyms Glossary of Terms Preface Map of Sri Lanka Vickneswari: a Developing Child in a Changing Society Plantation Profits, People and Politics The Development of a National Education System The Origins and Development of Education in Plantations Contemporary Educational Progress in Plantations: Views and Voices from the Ground Structural Change in Mainstream and Plantation Education Economic Growth, Political Crisis and Opportunity Locating the Forces for Educational Progress in Plantations in Time and Space Bibliography Index


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Question: Fish and Fisheries of The Eastern Adriatic Sea in The Light of Climate Change

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Climate change is affecting biodiversity and overall system functioning of all the worlds’ oceans. Over the past decades, significant amount of evidence has accumulated which allow us to decipher its effects on the Adriatic Sea. Investigations of fish communities in its eastern part showed us that it has undergone a significant biodiversity changes which are dominated by the influx of alien fishes, distributional shifts of native fishes and community-level changes of native populations of fishes. These changes have profound influence on fishery and aquaculture of the eastern Adriatic Sea. Beside current state, potential future scenarios which will affect its fish and fisheries are reviewed.

P. Day and M. Strauss, Part I: Summary: J.E. Thorpe, G.A.E. Gall, J.E. Lannan, C.E. Nash, and B. Ballachey, The Need to Manage Fish and Shellfish Genetic Resources. Human Interventions and Genetic Risks. The Conservation of Genetic Resources through Risk Management. Status of Aquatic Genetic Resource Management. References. Appendix. Part II: Management Studies: J.E. Thorpe and L. Stradmeyer, The Atlantic Salmon. D. Hedgecock, The Cupped Oyster. G.W. Wohlfarth, The Common Carp and Chinese Carps. A.E. Eknath, The Nile Tilapia. References. Subject Index.


Question: Thinking on Developing Shanxi Cultural Tourism

To vigorously develop cultural tourism is an essential choice for Shanxi to adjust economic structure and to realize transformation development.Currently,Shanxi sees both advantages and disadvantages in developing cultural tourism;problems co-exist with achievements.The key to strengthen Shanxi cultural tourism lies in formulating scientific scheme,shaping vivid image and carrying out joint exploitation.

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Foreward Ratan N Tata - Ratan N Tata Preface India Inclusive Turning Points Learning Fields Crises of Aspiration Looking for a Crisis of Aspiration Changing Our Clocks New Ways The Tower of Babbling Shaping India Bibliography Index


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Question: Adaptability of Reservoir for the Re-injecting Polymer-bearing Sewage

Through analyzing the molecular properties of polymer and component changes after disposal of polymer-bearing sewage produced by polymer flooding,it is considered that polymer concentration is a key factor to lower the permeability of reservoir.The results from the core displacement test show that the adaptability of(reservoir) with different permeabilities for the polymer-bearing sewage with different polymer concentrations is(different). It is proposed to choose suitable polymer concentration for different types of injection water.The(research) result has a significant reference for utilizing this kind of sewage water and studying the standard of(injection)(water) after polymer-flooding.

Mining Non-ferrous Metals The Environmental Impact of Gold Mining in the Brazilian Amazon Revegetation of Metalliferous Wastes and Land After Metal Mining Vegetative Remediation at Superfund Sites Green Coal Mining Methane Emissions from Coal Mining Constructing Ecosystems and Detecting their Connectivity to the Larger Ecological Landscape The Discharge of Waters from Active and Abandoned Mines Environmental Best-practice in Metals Production. Subject Index.


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Question: On the existence of positive solutions for the second-order boundary value problem

Abstract This paper is concerned with the existence of positive solutions to a second order boundary value problem. By imposing growth conditions on f and using a generalization of the Leggett–Williams fixed point theorem, we prove the existence of at least three symmetric positive solutions.

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Provided: "['Represent this', 'In applied resource economics much attention has been focused.on the ability of the Hotelling model to explain observed firm behavior. In this paper, a preliminary specification search is performed to determine the appropriate cost function parameterization for the firms in the sample before proceeding to the estimation of the Euler equation. Once a cost function specification is chosen, the corresponding Euler equation is estimated via the Generalization Method of Moments (GMM), which allows for better estimates of the Euler equations than in previous studies. Even with the preliminary specification search and the use of GMM estimation, the behavior of the panel of fourteen Canadian copper mining firms in the data set examined does not seem to be consistent with the basic Hotelling model used.']" Match: "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Cost Specification and Firm Behaviour in a Hotelling Model of Resource Extraction']"

A generalized class of weak WT 2-class of differential forms is defined, a weak reverse H¨older inequality is obtained for this class, and some applications to the regularity theory of weakly (K1, K2)-quasiregular mappings, very weak solutions of nonhomogeneous A-harmonic equations, and generalized solutions of Beltrami system with three characteristic matrices are given.


Question: Introduction to Monte Carlo simulations of polymers

In this lecture the basic aspects of Monte Carlo simulations are introduced, choosing models of polymers as examples. First the distinction between simple sampling and the Metropolis importance sampling algorithm is discussed, and the main limitations of the latter are discussed: lack of information on the partition function; “dynamical” correlation of “observations” and the resulting interpretation in terms of master equations, which also is the basis for applications to simulate the dynamics of fluctuations, diffusion processes and relaxation processes far from equilibrium; finite size effects, and their analysis in the context of simulations of second‐order and first‐order phase transitions. Examples discussed will include the dynamics of polymer melts, dynamics of translocation of polymers through membranes, and mixing of symmetrical binary mixtures, as well as asymmetrical polymer solutions. Also an introduction to path integral quantum Monte Carlo will be given, mentioning the application to crystal...

An educationally-oriented Visualization Software used to assist the teaching of the Primal Simplex Algorithm for the Assignment Problem is presented.


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Question: Inflationary Finance, Capital Controls, and Currency Substitution

This paper studies currency substitution in an environment where agents' inflation tax-evasive demand for foreign money is balanced by the concern for the possibility that the government may impose economy-wide capital controls under which foreign currency transactions are costly. Under the assumption of endogenous beliefs, the results show a persistent demand for foreign money despite efforts by the government to reduce inflation. In addition, the economy can exhibit multiple, Pareto-ranked steady states with different levels of currency substitution. The stability analysis suggests that the economy converges to the inferior steady state, on the "wrong side" of the Laffer curve. Copyright 1999 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

The Economics of Residential Property Theoretical Building Blocks for the Analysis of Housing Markets Housing and the Wider Economy in the Short and Long Run House Price Shocks and Consumption with Forward Looking Households Housing Wealth, Bequests and Financial Liberalization in the Major Economies The Theory of Economies in Transition Assessing the Impact of Financial Liberalization and Income Shocks on Consumption Evidence from Aggregate Data Consumption, Human Capital and Housing Wealth Evidence from Household Data Financial Liberalization and the Design of Mortgage Contracts Policy Issues.


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Question: Social Life Cycle Assessment of Hydrogen Energy Technologies

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Climate change is being discussed in many parts of the world and has required changes in many economic sectors, particularly in the industrial sector. In this context, the integration of the product development process and sustainability has become critical since it is not possible to accept methods and the approach of developing products and services that may compromise the future of the planet. Thus, studies on energy technologies by means of hydrogen and its links to sustainability have grown significantly in recent years. However, these studies have not yet addressed the social aspects of the evaluation of the life cycle because they are in an embryonic stage. Therefore, this paper aims to present the issues arising from social life cycle assessment of energy technology derived from hydrogen. Illustrative examples of energy applications coming from hydrogen and the potential benefits of hydrogen energy for the society are presented and discussed as well.


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Question: Network lifetime improvement by relaying node re-selection in the IEEE 802.15.6 BAN

In this paper, we study a relaying node re-selection problem in the IEEE 802.15.6 body area network (BAN) protocol, which requires to alleviate energy consumption burden of a relaying node and enhance the network life time. To this end, we develop a procedure for wake-up schedule control for a node that can be accommodated in the IEEE 802.15.6 standard. Numerical results show that by allowing a node to re-select its relaying node with our procedure, we can improve the network lifetime.

Infostations is a new system concept proposed to support "many time, many where" wireless messaging services. Three basic scenarios, sit-through, walk-through, and drive-through are used to describe the user mobility in infostations. In order to handle channel access and allocation, retransmission, and adaptive transmission rate adjustment in infostations, we propose an intelligent transmission protocol called WINMAC in this paper. Especially, the design and implementation issues of WINMAC for a prototype infostation system based on a commercial radio chip set for 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN are described.


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Question: The Judicial Application of Folk Customs: Path and Direction

There are still stable foundations for the existence of folk custom as conventional civilian rules.The judicial application of folk custom is favorable for the solution to dispute and conflict and the promotion of social harmony.Folk customs which are applied in law must be good,and are effectively used in the mediation during the litigation procedure.Folk custom should be applied with the help of active justice and according to legal methods.Meanwhile,we should try to find possible room for folk custom from statute and pay attention to the reference value of judicial cases guiding system on the judicial application of folk custom.Within the framework of the existing law,there are insurmountable difficulties for the judicial application of folk custom in the aspect of the system.Therefore,breakthrough in theory and innovation in system are essential for the practice of the value of folk custom in the judicial application.

1. A Theory of Risk for Securitization 2. The Policymakers: Logics Behind the Bilateral Relationship 3. The Policymakers: Risk Analysis of Documents 4. The Progressive Intellectuals: Brief Historical Synopsis 5. The Progressive Intellectuals: Logics Behind the PIDG 6. The Progressive Intellectuals: Risk Analysis of Documents 7. Conclusion


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Question: A plea for precaution with public health: the xenotransplantation example

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In this paper we argue that while individual private interests such as autonomy and the need for a medical procedure or treatment are important in the provision and delivery of health care and the utilization of biotechnologies, these concepts need to be balanced with other interests such that in certain situations they do not take priority. We use as an example a particular developing biotechnology, xenotransplantation, to suggest that interest in the health of the public is such that this biotechnology should not be permitted to move to the clinical trial stage because of the particular risk of harm it poses to the potential xeno-recipient, their close contacts and the wider population. This is despite the interest of those in need of a transplant in allowing such clinical trials to proceed. We derive support for our position from John Stuart Mill's harm principle.

Questions now address medical ethics regarding risk in clinical care versus risk in research.


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Question: Estimation Shell Elasticity of Lipid-Coated Microbubbles Based on the Linearized Marmottant Model

Lipid-coated microbubbles have been proven to be very effective ultrasound contrast agents. Knowledge of resonant frequencies of contrast microbubbles is important for the optimization of ultrasond contrast imaging and therapeutic techniques. The marmottant model is considered as a realistic model for microbubbles with nonlinear elastic shell. Based on a linearized Marmottant model, an analytic solution of the resonant frequency can be derived. An equivalent shell elasticity is defined for this analytic solution and enable the resultant resonant frequency equation to predict the resonant frequency of nonlinear elastic microbubbles. A least-square error estimator is proposed for estimating the equivalent shell elasticity. It is shown that based on the equivalent shell elasticity, the linearized model can predict the nonlinear pressure-dependent property of nonlinear elastic microbubbles.

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This report contains sections describing: Monte Carlo Calculation of Chemical Potential of a Stockmayer Fluid, Fractional Brownian Diffusion in Molecularly Thin Films, On Spectral Measure and Monte Carlo Approaches to Flow in Heterogeneous Media, Shear Melting of Molecularly-Thin Confined Films, Nonlocal Diffusion and Strain-Induced Liquification at Particulate Media, Hierarchical Problems: Some conceptual Difficulties in the Development of Transport Equations, Application of Multiple-Angle-of-Incidence Ellipsometry to the Study of Thin Films Adsorbed on Surfaces, On Adsorption and Diffusion at Rough Surfaces: A Comparison of Statistical Mechanic, Molecular Dynamics and Kinetic Theory, Fluids in Micropores: Self-Diffusion in a Slit-Pore with Hard Rough Walls, and Nonlocal Transport Theories for Media with Microstructure.


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Question: Supercooled liquids: Clearing the water.

Evidence of a transition between two coexisting liquids of the same composition in a water–glycerol mixture, where glycerol prevents the crystallization of water, provides a unique link to an elusive liquid–liquid transition in pure water.

This demonstration convincingly shows shows the effect of an inhibitor on a chemical system.


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Question: Study of electrochemical lithium incorporation to whisker structure based on barium-vanadium bronze BaV8O21-δ

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Both nanobands and macroscopic (up to 3mm-long) filamentous conducting BaV8O21-δ crystals are prepared for the first time by hydrothermal processing of polymerized gels. They show stable electrochemical characteristics acceptable for their usage in newly elaborated secondary cells (batteries).

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The present study reports the thermal conductivity and electrical transport properties of Mo2Ga2C, which is the first member of double-A-layer MAX phases. Dense bulk samples of Mo2Ga2C were prepare...


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Question: Influence of rotational speed on friction and wear properties of 35CrMo/GCr15 friction coupling

The effect of rotational speed on the friction and wear properties of 35CrMo/GCr15 was studied under the condition of boundary lubrication. The speed was set as 400r/min, 800 r/min, 1200r/min, 1600r/min, and the load were 200N. Working time was 120min. The ring block friction and wear testing machine were used for testing. The surface morphology changes of wear specimen were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the main form of the wear of the material was different with speed different. When the rotating speed was low, the wear was mainly abrasive wear, and the wear was mainly adhesive wear at high speed. When the speed was 800r/min, the wear rate was minimum, and the friction coefficient also was minimum. It shows that when the load was constant, the speed was too high or too low, would make the wear and tear intensified.

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Paper detailing the temperature and volume fraction effects on the erosion-oxidation of Ni-Cr/WC metal matrix composites.


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Question: Resonance Raman spectroscopy of soybean peroxidase.

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Resonance Raman spectra (600-1700 cm-1) for the heme enzyme soybean peroxidase (Rz = 2.5) were obtained using Soret band excitation at 406.7 nm. The vibrational frequencies and depolarization data indicate a strong similarity between the active sites of soybean and horseradish peroxidase. This similarity suggests that the active site in the resting form of soybean peroxidase contains a ferric iron, is a high-spin 5-coordinate heme binding His as a fifth axial ligand.

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Oxidation of three selected organic model materials, saccharose, gelatine and styrene-divinylbenzene with and without combustion catalysts, was studied with a derivatograph.


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Question: An investigation of the microbiological chain of contamination and health implications of fish products from Lake Chivero, Harare, Zimbabwe

A study to determine contamination of fish from Lake Chivero was carried out at selected sites along the fish handling and distribution chain. Samples were collected from lake and vending sites in Harare's high density suburbs, in March, August and November 2012. Pathogenic bacteria indicators were used to investigate the quality of water, fish, and fish contact surfaces to determine the levels of contamination. Swabs on contact surfaces and fish samples were tested for total viable bacterial count, coliforms and Salmonella. The highest coliforms load was recorded in fish trading locations and the lowest in the cold chain samples (Table 1). Salmonella sp. was present in most samples except harvest waters (Table 1). Pathogenic indicator micro-organisms were present in lake water samples (Table 1), suggesting that fish may already be contaminated. The increase in microbial load along the fish handling chain showed poor fish handling was causing additional contamination, presenting a health risk to consumers.

The report aims to identify and quantify the productivity, constraints and potential health hazards associated with informal peri-urban irrigation, with the objective of identifying practical measures to sustain and enhance the productivity of these systems. The research is based on field studies carried out in and around Kumasi, Ghana, and Nairobi, Kenya.


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Management of craniofacial anomalies.

Children with craniofacial anomalies comprise a diverse group of patients, with problems involving many organ systems. In the fairly recent past, no satisfactory treatment was available for many of these problems. Through the contributions of Tessier and many other innovators, however, multidisciplinary groups such as the Medical University of South Carolina's Craniofacial Team are now able to offer substantial improvement to many patients with congenital or acquired deformities of the craniofacial region. The best reconstruction for any given patient can be determined only after a careful analysis of the patient's problems and the patient's and family's wishes. Using this approach, we are able to help many patients significantly. As we treat today's patients, however, we must continue to critically assess our results and improve our methods, for only through this process will tomorrow's patients enjoy even better outcomes than today's.

Indications and choice of antiepileptic drugs (AED), treatments for cerebral edema and prophylactic and curative treatments of thromboembolic complications of brain metastasis are discussed.


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Question: Physiological characteristics responsible for drought resistance in different pea cultivars

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We have studied some aspects of their drought resistance in different pea cultivars and segregating families. Two genotypes were semi-leafless (leaflets transformed in tendrils, big stipules), and one was leafless (leaflets transformed in tendrils, small stipules). This attempt has been made in the laboratory, where we looked for osmotic adjustment, and in the field, where we studied the grain yield when the plants were subjected to different degrees of water stress. Withholding water to the plants, we found, in the laboratory, good correlations between leaf relative water contents and leaf water potentials. This allowed us to calculate the relative water content values for one fixed value of water potential: — 1.1MPa (this was near the irreversible wilting point for the plants in our conditions). The higher the relative water content of the genotype, the better must be its osmotic adjustment.

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A diverse collection of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm was evaluated for tillering capacity, spikes m−2, and tiller mortality under both space-planted and solid-seeded conditions. Large genotypic differences were observed for these tillering traits over a 3-yr period. Grain yield did not appear to be associated with tillering capacity or mortality.Key words: Wheat (spring) Triticum aestivum L., germplasm, tillering capacity, tiller mortality, grain yield


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Question: Improving Chinese Capital Markets to Effectively Alleviate China's Excess Liquidity

The excess liquidity is facing a serious problem in China's economic system,and to research the real reason and solution is very important to Chinese economic development.This article focuses on the real reason causing China's excess liquidity,which is chinese capital market imperfections,and puts forward the suggestion that developing chinese capital market,especially the stock market and bond market,can absorb too much China's excess liquidity.

Introduction: What Is the Challenge? Does China Have an "Infinite" World Market Frontier? Is China Able to Innovate? Is China Capable to Innovate? Can the Chinese Government Accommodate Innovation? Beyond the Last Frontier: Can Global Capitalism be Saved? Conclusions Bibliography Index


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Question: Parasitological Data as an Aid in Aphid Classification

Existing theories and conclusions on the taxonomic relationships between various aphids are based on a study of those insects alone, and are often a matter of opinion. True taxonomic relationships frequently are revealed when the host ranges of the insect parasites of aphids are considered. Conclusions from a study of the host-relationships of aphid parasites of the family Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): support the division of the superfamily Aphidoidea into Phylloxerina and Aphidina; support that Chaitophoridae, Callaphididae and Aphididae (including Lachnidae) form a monophyletic group, with the Aphididae the most recent member; support the view that the Rosaceae complex of Aphididae is natural; show that the aphid host plant usually has no decisive influence on the potential host range of an aphidiid species, even in cases of a taxonomically discontinuous change in host plants; and do not support the placement of the genus Drepanosiphum with the family Callaphididae, subfamily Phyllaphidinae.

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"['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'Genetic variation affecting gene regulation is a central driver of phenotypic differences between individuals and can be used to uncover how biological processes are organized in a cell. Although detecting cis-eQTLs is now routine, trans-eQTLs have proven more challenging to find due to the modest variance explained and the multiple tests burden of testing millions of SNPs for association to thousands of transcripts. Here, we successfully map trans-eQTLs with the complementary approach of looking for SNPs associated to the expression of multiple genes simultaneously. We find 732 trans- eQTLs that replicate across two continental populations; each trans-eQTL controls large groups of target transcripts (regulons), which are part of interacting networks controlled by transcription factors. We are thus able to uncover co-regulated gene sets and begin describing the cell circuitry of gene regulation.']" == "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Cross-phenotype meta-analysis reveals large-scale trans-eQTLs mediating patterns of transcriptional co-regulation']"

Preface Introduction Child Abuse and Neglect: Epidemiology and Theorizations Summary Description of Paradigms Theorizations of Physical Abuse Theories of Child Physical Abuse Theorizations of Incest and Sexual Abuse Theories of the Incest Taboo Theories of Incestuous Abuse Theories of Sexual Abuse Theorizations of Psychological Maltreatment Theories of Psychological Maltreatment Theories of Neglect Content and Process Evaluations and Summaries Introduction to the Psychosemantic Process Model of Human Behavior Summary and Evaluation of Theories via the Psychosomantic Process Model Perspectives from the Psychosemantic Process Model The Nature of Scientific Knowledge and Theories Evaluation of Theoretical Paradigms from Science Cameo Application and Conclusions Impact of Differential Theories on the Legal Profession: A Cameo Evaluation of Expert Witnesses Summary and Conclusions References Index


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Question: BERT Can See Out of the Box: On the Cross-modal Transferability of Text Representations

represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title
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For example, ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A practical automatic cephalometric measurement and facial prediction system is built by using adaptive filtering and edge detecting techniques and some artificial intelligent approaches. The system not only realizes the automation from landmark location to parameter measurement on the cephalogram, but also makes the preoperative diagnostic design of orthognathic surgery quantitive. Compared with manual prediction, it provides a new method to enable the diagnosis and treatment of dento-maxillofacial deformities more accurately. It is significant for clinical application and scientific research.'] should be similar to ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Cephalometric image measurement and prediction system']

Pre-trained language models such as BERT have recently contributed to significant advances in Natural Language Processing tasks. Interestingly, while multilingual BERT models have demonstrated impressive results, recent works have shown how monolingual BERT can also be competitive in zero-shot cross-lingual settings. This suggests that the abstractions learned by these models can transfer across languages, even when trained on monolingual data. In this paper, we investigate whether such generalization potential applies to other modalities, such as vision: does BERT contain abstractions that generalize beyond text? We introduce BERT-gen, an architecture for text generation based on BERT, able to leverage on either mono- or multi- modal representations. The results reported under different configurations indicate a positive answer to our research question, and the proposed model obtains substantial improvements over the state-of-the-art on two established Visual Question Generation datasets.

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For instance, <<['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The reactions of 3-chloro-4-cyanobenzo[b][1,6]naphthyridine (4) with S-, C-, and N-nucleophiles afford stable s-adducts at position 10. In the base-catalyzed reactions of compound 4 with thiols, the resulting σ-complexes are rearranged into sulfides 14a—c. Sulfides 14b,c undergo the Thorpe—Ziegler cyclization to give 1-aminobenzo[b]thieno[2,3-h][1,6]naphthyridine derivatives 15a,b. The reaction of naphthyridine 4 with aniline affords a mixture of σ-adducts of the C—N and C—C types, while those with aliphatic amines yield 3-amino derivatives 17a—c. In the presence of H2O2, benzonaphthyridine 4 adds peroxycarboxylic acids to give compounds 8a,b. In alkaline medium, adduct 8a is rearranged into 4-aminopyridine-3-carbaldehyde derivative 10.']>>  to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Study of the reactions of 3-chloro-4-cyanobenzo[b][1,6]naphthyridine with nucleophilic reagents']"

This chapter contains sections titled: About SourceForge, What Developers Say about Success and Abandonment, Our Success/Abandonment Classification System, Making Our Classification Work in the Real World, Conclusion


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Question: Calculation on degree of uncertainty for ten point height of microcosmic unflatness of surface roughness

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In accordance with the basic principle of the least square inspection on the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness of surface roughness and the theory of uncertainty degree of new generational Geometrical Product Specification(GPS) standard,a kind of calculation method on uncertainty degree of the ten point height measurement of microcosmic unflatness was proposed,thus ensured the integrality and effectiveness of the measured result on ten point height of microcosmic unflatness.The experimental result showed that the measured result of ten point height of microcosmic unflatness and its uncertainty degree can be evaluated quantitatively on the surface roughness according to the judging principle presented by ISO 14253-1.

The simplified means is presented about coefficient and free item of displacement method equation, based on the equilibrium condition.


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Question: Description of life stages of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) (Acarina : Phytoseiidae).

The life stages of Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks)(Acarina: Phytoseiidac) include the egg, larva, protonyrnph, deutonymph, and adult male and female. All these stages are described and illustrated.

This study presents the list and key to the 8 species of the Subfamily Typhlodrominae from Korea including a newly recorded species, Typhlodromus coryli Wu and Lan, 1991. This subfamily comprises four genera: Kuzinellus Wainstein, Paraseiulus Muma, Galendromus Muma, and Typhlodromus Scheuten.


Question:
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Examples:

Given ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about:', 'Assesment of the usability of Mg(OH)2 obtained from the solution after sphalerite leaching for the winning of polyetylene composition'] it matches with ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Assesment of the usability of Mg(OH)2 obtained from the solution after sphalerite leaching for the winning of polyetylene composition In this work obtaining of magnesium hydroxide from the solutions obtained during magnesium removal from zinc concentrates is presented. The received product was used for the winning of composites from polyethylene (PE) using extrusion and injection methods. The obtained composites were tested in terms of thermal stability (TG, DTG) as well as combustibility (LOI and thermovision camera). The preliminary results indicate the beneficial effect of the decrease of PE quality by magnesium hydroxide obtained by means of solution purification and precipitation of Mg(OH)2 by means of soda lye.'] but not with ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'It was hard to achieve the quality standards because of the i mpossible separation of physiochemical indexes chromaticity,oxidation tests and methanol contents etc.in distilling when cassava was used to produce alcohol. The solution was the addition of potassium permanganate in condensation zone of rectification tower to improve the quality of alcohols.(Tran.by YUE Yang)']

Question: Nucleophilic reaction of cyclopentylamine on phthalimide derivatives: synthesis and antinociceptive activity of products.

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The reaction of cyclopentylamine with N-prop-2-ynylphthalimde 1a and 4-phthalimidobutyric acid 1b was carried out in dimethylformamide at room temperature to afford benzamido-N-prop-2-ynyl-N- cyclopentyl -carboxamide (3) and benzamido-N,N-bis (cyclopentyl)-carboxamide (4), respectively. IR, NMR, and microanalyses were used to unequivocally characterize the compounds obtained. The new compounds were evaluated pharmacologically for their in vivo antinociceptive activity using acetic acid-induced writhing assay and compound 3 had significant activity (70%) comparable to indomethacin (71%) but better than acetylsali- cylic acid (59%), however, compound 4 had lower activity (29%). The effects were dose-dependent.

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For instance, <<['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The 400MW evaporative cooling hydrogenerator in Lijiaxia hydropower station has been serving for more than 15 years. This paper gives a comprehensive evaluation of this unit from cooling mode selection, electrical magnetic scheme design, operating practice and temperature distribution. The application of the evaporative cooling technology to 400MW-grade hydrogenerator shows great advantages comparing with the same capacity air cooling units, which demonstrates the correct of design and the stability and safety of long-term operation.']>>  to <<['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'The evaluation of the design and operation of the 400MW evaporative cooling hydrogenerator in LiJiaXia hydropower station']>>

The use of N,N-dimethylforamide dimethyl acetal (DMFDMA) and t-butoxybis(dimethylamino)methane in the synthesis of 2-substituted 3-dimethylaminopropenoates and related compounds, as well as their applicability to the synthesis of various heterocyclic systems is shown.


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Question: Methyl internal rotation in partially deuterated molecular solids: The NO2CHD2 and NO2CH2D systems

Combining optical, neutron scattering and specific heat measurements, a precise determination of the parameters for the internal rotation potential energy function of the partially deuterated methyl group CHD2 and CH2D is obtained in crystallized nitromethane. The effects of other internal motions on the internal rotation are analyzed and compared to the corresponding results for similar molecules in condensed and gas phases. The origin of the difference in the zero point energy of the symmetrical and asymmetrical rotamers of the partially deuterated derivatives is discussed.

Abstract The reaction of the simplest Lehn's ligand, H2N(CH2)2O(CH2)2NH2, on N3P3Cl6 in suitable stoichiometric conditions leads quite neatly to the first genuine MONOANSA and DIANSA derivatives.


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Question: Catalytic activity of LaMnO3 and LaCoO3 perovskites towards VOCs combustion

The catalytic combustion of some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been investigated over LaMnO3 and LaCoO3 perovskite-type oxides. Redox titration has shown that cobalt is present in LaCoO3 exclusively in the 3+ oxidation state whereas LaMnO3 contains considerable amount of Mn4+ (35%) in addition to Mn3+. VOCs reactivity towards total oxidation follows the trend: acetone > isopropanol > benzene. The oxidation of isopropanol occurs through the formation of acetone in the homogeneous reaction. The increase of the oxygen partial pressure is beneficial for total oxidation of acetone. The adsorptive properties of the catalysts towards the VOCs and H2 have been examined by means of temperature programmed desorption. The LaMnO3 surface is the most reactive to the adsorption of VOCs and H2. The role of the adsorbed oxygen has been studied by examining the variations of the electrical conductivity of the catalysts during the processes of oxygen adsorption–desorption.

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The similarity in the catalytic behaviour of titanium-monosubstituted Keggin type polyoxometalates [PTi(L)W11O39] n- (TiPOMs) and heterogeneous titanium single-site catalysts in selective oxidations with H2O2 is demonstrated. Recent achievements in the application of Ti-POMs as soluble molecular models for studying mechanisms of oxidation catalysis are reviewed.


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Question: Fast face detection by lifting dyadic wavelet filters

This paper presents a fast algorithm for detecting facial parts such as nose, eyes and lips in an image by using lifting dyadic wavelet filters. Free parameters in the lifting filters are learned so as to maximize the cosine of an angle between a vector whose components are the lifting filters and a vector of pixels in the facial part. Applying the learned filter to a test image, facial parts in the image is detected. In simulation, we show that our algorithm is fast and robust one for detecting facial parts from an image.

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A novel approach to visual leaf identification is proposed. A leaf is represented by a pair of local feature histograms, one computed from the leaf interior, the other from the border. The histogrammed local features are an improved version of a recently proposed rotation and scale invariant descriptor based on local binary patterns (LBPs).


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Question: Six human pancreas transplants: results and perioperative management.

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Satisfactory results were obtained in 5 type I diabetic recipients of 6 human pancreas transplantations. We chose the three following options: diversion of the pancreatic juice by a pancreaticojejunostomy, simultaneous kidney transplantation from the same donor and cyclosporin A as the basic drug in the immunosuppressive regimen. Further conclusions were also drawn from our experience. Firstly, biological data alone might not be relevant for donor selection: histologic examination of the non transplanted cephalic portion of the donor pancreas is needed to rule out pancreatitis. Secondly, donor management usually needs large amounts of fluids and blood. Finally, besides the general rules of recipient management common to kidney transplantation, pancreas transplantation further requires heparinization, insulin therapy and parental nutrition during the immediate postoperative period.

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Renal transplantation remains a mainstay of therapy for the end-stage renal disease. Cardiac disease has a high prevalence in this patient population. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death among kidney transplantation patients. The cardiac disease accounts for 43% of all-cause mortality among dialysis patients and for ≈38% of all-cause mortality after transplantation. In this article, we review the factors and outcomes associated with valve surgeries in renal transplant recipients and evaluate the strategy for open heart surgery after renal transplantation performed.


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Question: Autoionising states of He22+: adiabatic potential energy curves

The adiabatic potential energy curves of the He22+ system are obtained by the configuration-interaction method using 33 terms of one-centre Slater-type orbitals as basis functions. The calculation is carried out in the range of internuclear distance. The calculation is carried out in the range of internuclear distance R from 0.0 to 0.5 atomic units. The results include the potential curves of the autoionising states, 1 Sigma g(2s sigma 2,2p sigma 2,2p pi 2), 1 Pi g(2p sigma 2p pi ) and 1 Delta g(2p pi 2). Both computations with and without the 1s sigma nl lambda configurations are performed and the results are compared. The potential curves of states 1 Sigma g(2s sigma 2) and 1 Sigma g(2p sigma 2) have a pseudo-crossing at R approximately=0.2 au.

A detailed experiment on 2p photoionization and subsequent Auger decay of atomic silicon is presented. Fine-structure-resolved photoelectron and Auger electron spectra are interpreted with the aid of large-scale multiconfiguration calculations. Energy separation and the relative cross sections of the 2p ionized fine-structure states of Si+ are given. The complete 2p Auger electron spectrum of Si is interpreted, and the intensity distribution to individual doubly ionized final states is studied.


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Question: Discovery of Bradykinin and the Kallikrein—Kinin System

Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of the kallikrein (KLK)–kinin system. The chapter highlights the discovery of the physiological and pathological roles of kinins, showing their involvement in vasodilation, regulation of blood pressure, inflammation, and the production of pain. Thus, through the knowledge gained from these pioneering basic studies, the actions of kinins are unveiled, leading to the understanding of many diseases associated with kinin formation. The existence of the KLK–kinin system was first disclosed nearly 50 years ago when a series of coincidental discoveries by two independent groups came together revealing the major biological roles of the system. Werle found that KLK preparations from human urine elicited contractions in isolated dog intestine. Thus, KLK had been shown to possess two activities: induction of hypotension in vivo and contraction of isolated intestinal smooth muscle.

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Demonstration of the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Substance P (NK 1 ) Receptor Antagonist in Major Depression


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Question: Microwave Loss Measurements on YBCO Films Using a Stripline Resonator

Thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 were deposited by rf magnetron sputtering onto heated substrates, and were superconducting without a subsequent anneal. Several of these films were placed as ground planes in a stripline resonator in a temperature-controlled cryostat. The frequency dependence of the reflection coefficient was measured up to 3 GHz using a network analyzer. From the quality factor Q of the resonances, the microwave surface resistance RS of the superconducting films was determined over a range of temperatures. For a YBCO film on (100) LaGaO3, RS(2 GHz) was less than 3 mΩ for T<40K.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dipole Basic Characteristics Partial Sleeve, PIFA, and Patch Loops Dielectric Resonator Antennas References


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Question: CMOS image sensor and method for fabricating the same

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The present invention has, at regular intervals in the surface of the semiconductor substrate relates to a CMOS image sensor and a method for manufacturing a depth formed deeper to achieve a uniform color of the photodiode longer the input wavelength of light incident on each color filter to each other the first is formed of a different depth, a second, a third photo diode, said first, second, and the first and third photodiodes, and an interlayer insulating film formed on the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate including the second, third be a photodiode and the corresponding blue color is formed on the planarization layer, the green, so the red color filter layer and the front planarization layer formed on the semiconductor substrate including the color filter layer and, and each of the color filter layer on the planarization layer corresponding characterized by configured by comprising a micro-lens is formed. A photodiode, a color filter, a microlens, an image sensor

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An exposure head, includes: an imaging optical system; a first light emitting element; a second light emitting element; a first TFT circuit that is connected with the first light emitting element via an interconnection wire; and a second TFT circuit that is connected with the second light emitting element via an interconnection wire, wherein the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element are provided between the first TFT circuit and the second TFT circuit, thereby improving the freedom of interconnection wire connected to the light emitting elements.


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Question: Recent advances in anticancer drugs.

During the last few years, research in anticancer drug development has revealed a number of new approaches. These include new types of prodrugs, small peptides and synthetic molecules affecting signal transduction pathways and cell cycle, topoisomerase inhibitors, antisense compounds, anti-angiogenic and antimetastatic agents, gene therapy and vaccines. The aim of the meeting was to present and discuss the recent results in these areas, with respect to the R and D of new anticancer compounds. This review focuses on the most recent advances in anticancer drugs presented and discussed in the plenary sessions.

e15052Background: Inter-K Peptide Therapeutics has developed two synthetic compounds that modulate kinase activity. To investigate the potential of these compounds as cancer immunotherapeutics, a f...


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Question: Discussion on Imputation Principle and Compensation Scope of Malpractice Civil Damage

Compensation for malpractice is an issue which is difficult to grasp and operate in judicial practice.However, China's legislation in this field is relatively lagging behind and there's no special law for this kind of issue. What's more, there still exist many controversies in the treatment of problems both in theory and practice. From the perspective of legal thinking and legal interpretation, the fault of the hospital is the main factor of its responsibility because of the imputation principle in the case of compensation for malpractice. There still exists the defence of the medical institution which is independent from imputation principle. In order to achieve the essential fairness, it is necessary to limit the scope of the compensation for malpractice. At last we should make special law to adjust the compensation for malpractice and set up a system of limited compensation.

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The Nature of Construction Contracts Outline of the Law of Obligations The Formation of Construction Contracts Consideration The Role of the Architect and the Engineer The Main Obligations of the Contractor The Main Obligations of the Employer Time and Provisions for Delay Variations and the Right to Payment Payment and Certification Sub-Contracting Supply Contracts Design Liability of Professionals and Contractors Liabilities Post-completion Determination and Damages Methods of Dispute Resolution


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Question: Expanded perlite structure and manufacturing--method thereof

An expanded perlite structure is provided to provide light expanded perlite structure of which the intensity is improved and to provide the expanded perlite structure having various colors. An expanded perlite structure(100) comprises a 60 - 95 % weight part(wt%) of expansion PERLITE and a 5 - 40 % weight part(wt%) of inorganic material binding material(20). The expanded perlite structure additionally includes a 5 - 20 % weight part(wt%) of color former.

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The application of spunbonded nonwovens in agriculture raising rice seedling shed and the comparison between plastic film and nonwovens are introduced in this article.


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Question: On the Ricci and Einstein equations on the pseudo-euclidean and hyperbolic spaces

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We consider tensors T=fg on the pseudo-euclidean space Rn and on the hyperbolic space Hn, where n⩾3, g is the standard metric and f is a differentiable function. For such tensors, we consider, in both spaces, the problems of existence of a Riemannian metric g¯, conformal to g, such that Ricg¯=T, and the existence of such a metric which satisfies Ricg¯−K¯g¯/2=T, where K¯ is the scalar curvature of g¯. We find the restrictions on the Ricci candidate for solvability and we construct the solutions g¯ when they exist. We show that these metrics are unique up to homothety, we characterize those globally defined and we determine the singularities for those which are not globally defined. None of the non-homothetic metrics g¯, defined on Rn or Hn, are complete. As a consequence of these results, we get positive solutions for the equation Δgu−n(n−2)4λu(n+2)(n−2)=0, where g is the pseudo-euclidean metric.

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We provide a complete local classification of pseudoparallel submanifolds with flat normal bundle of space forms, extending the classification by Dillen-Nolker for the semi-parallel case.


Question: Complications of CO2 Laser Surgery of the Aerodigestive Tract: Experience of 4416 Cases

The CO2 laser was first introduced for surgery of the aerodigestive tract in 1971. Since that time, great advances in application have been made in both the adult and pediatric population. Recent reports of isolated complications have appeared in the literature. However, a realistic complication rate in a large series of patients has yet to be reported. This report relates the combined experience of the authors in a total of 4416 cases during the 11-year period from 1971 to 1982. There were nine instances of complications, representing a complication rate of 0.2%. These complications provided a unique learning experience for the authors, and led to the establishment of certain basic principles that should be followed in all laser operations. This survey indicates that the CO2 laser is a safe, extremely useful surgical modality in the aerodigestive tract.

Section 1 Obstetric Examination Gynaecological Examination Section 2 Fetoplacental Growth and Development Section 3 Congenital Abnormalities and Prenatal Diagnosis Section 4 Medical Disorders of Pregnancy Section 5 Antepartum and Intrapartum Monitoring Section 6 Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery and Breech Delivery Section 7 Operative Deliveries Secfion 8 Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Section 9 Gynaecology Section 10 Lesions of the Vulva and Vagina Section 11 The Cervix Section 12 Lesion of the Uterus and Fallopian Tubes Section 13 Lesions of the Ovary Section 14 Common Gynaecological Operations.


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Question: Regulation of the inositol transporter Itr1p by hydrogen peroxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Myo-inositol is a precursor of several membrane phospholipids and sphingolipids and plays a key role in gene regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae). Here, we tested whether H2O2 was affecting the levels of the inositol transporters and thus inositol uptake. In S. cerevisiae cells adapted to H2O2 Itr1–GFPp accumulated in the plasma membrane until 20 min, concomitantly with an inhibition of its internalization. Exposure to H2O2 did not alter Itr2–GFPp cellular levels and induced only an 8% decrease at 10 min in the plasma membrane. Therefore, decreased inositol intracellular levels are not caused by decreased levels of inositol transporters in the plasma membrane. However, results show that H2O2 adaptation affects Itr1p turnover and, consequently, H2O2-adapted yeast cells display an inositol transporter phenotype comparable to cells grown in the absence of inositol in growth medium, i.e. accumulation in the plasma membrane and decreased degradation.

Culturing conditions have been found that engender flocculation of strains 975h+ and 972h− of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe Lindner. Both strains separately exhibit asexual self-flocc...


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Question: Fine motor skills and mathematics achievement in East Asian American and European American kindergartners and first graders

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This study examined whether fine motor skills were related to the initial scores and growth rate of mathematics achievement in American kindergartners and first graders. Participants were 244 East Asian American and 9,816 European American children from the US-based Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-K). To control sampling bias, two subsamples of European Americans were matched to the East Asian American sample by socio-economic status or fine motor skills, using propensity score matching. Results showed that East Asian American children possessed more advanced mathematics achievement and fine motor skills. The construct of fine motor skills significantly predicted mathematics achievement over time, and further, it significantly mediated the relationship between ethnic group status and mathematics achievement.

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The purpose of the present study was to examine and compare Japanese (580 men and 494 women) and Korean (577 men and 436 women) college students' awareness and views related to occupation. Surveys ...


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Question: High Speed: Amphetamine Use in the Context of Conventional Culture

While the use of cannabis is often anchored in subversive values, and the use of heroin is situated at the social margins, the use of amphetamines appears to be associated with more conventional values. Interviews with 55 Norwegian amphetamine and/or methamphetamine users reveal that the substance is used for three main reasons. First, amphetamines are used by binge drinkers to “keep the party going.” Second, amphetamines are used by segments of the marginalized working class to enable them to work longer hours. Third, amphetamines are used medically by some to treat self-diagnosed symptoms of illnesses such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Preface Exploring Offence Paralleling Behaviours in Incarcerated Offenders The Chinese Prison System for Female Offenders: A Case Study Social Control, Moral Panics & Prison: Social Harms Produced by the Myth of the New Hyper-Violent Girl Advancing the Study of Solitary Confinement Conducting Treatment in the Prison System: Rehabilitation Research Exploratory Study on Child Care in Prisons Violence Prevention Booster Program: Effects on Knowledge, Attitude, & Recidivism The Challenges of Re-entry from Prison to Society A Theoretical Assessment of the Impact of Unsafe Injecting Practices & Behavioral Change on the Dynamics of HCV & HIV within Correctional Institutions Index.


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Question: Study on design and application of vibration experiment softwares

This paper shows the script should be selected according to the studentss knowledge,when a vibration experiment software is designed.The software is one which makes full use of moving pictures and man mechine interactive functions to simulate real experiment.And it plays a role in computer aided teaching.

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The provided query could be "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Collaborative filtering have become increasingly important with the development of Web 2.0. Online shopping service providers aim to provide users with quality list of recommended items that will enhance user satisfaction and loyalty. Matrix factorization approaches have become the dominant method as they can reduce the dimension of the data set and alleviate the sparsity problem. However, matrix factorization approaches are limited because they depict each user as one preference vector. In practice, we observe that users may have different preferences when purchasing different subsets of items, and the periods between purchases also vary from one user to another. In this work, we propose a probabilistic approach to learn latent clusters in the large user-item matrix, and incorporate temporal information into the recommendation process. Experimental results on a real world dataset demonstrate that our approach significantly improves the conversion rate, precision and recall of state-of-the-art methods.']" and the positive "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Utilizing Purchase Intervals in Latent Clusters for Product Recommendation']"

This paper summarizes the characteristics of the space and ground methods forming the micro-gravity environment, expounds the significance of research on the upcasting scheme of the micro-gravity tower, proposes a method realizing upcasting scheme by hydraulic energy.


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Question: Get overhead transmission line length conductors accurate thread breakage method and apparatus

When the present invention relates to method and apparatus for obtaining breaking overhead transmission line conductors accurate thread length, to eliminate creep plastic wire, and then spread horizontally in a state the wire, the wire is applied in the axial direction along the wire-line equivalents tension same tension, this tension is measured at the wire length, the length of the production line with the same mark in the position of the wire or wires cut, in particular conditions after a single file suspension wires completion sag meet design sag requirements of the wire. Has minimized the permanent elongation due to plastic creep caused the wire prior to the present invention, taken in the amount of wire length, wire obtained by the present invention, after completion of stringing which meet the requirements of the design sag Sag, and later during completion of the sag line running stability during a given period, link operation safety and reliability.

This text introduce the process design of the Sale 4200 knuckle, including the work piece orientation, confirm of the project of holdings, the calculation of the orient error, etc.


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Question: Dispersion-hardened platinum-gold material, process for its preparation and its use

By finely divided, small particles of base metal oxide dispersion-hardened platinum-gold material which contains as Unedelmetell cerium or a mixture of yttrium and zirconium, and optionally cerium, the base metal content is 0.005-1% by weight, at least 75% by weight of the base metal as oxide present and the formation of Unedelmetalloxids based on the heat treatment of a subject in a compact form platinum-base metal alloy in an oxidizing medium.

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The present invention is an organic silicon compound-based crosslinkable composition comprising a silyl-terminated polymer, a manufacturing method of the composition, moldings produced from the composition, as well as for component bonding of the composition It relates to the use of, wherein said composition, (a) the general formula


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Question: Retardance in three-dimensional polarization ray tracing

A three-by-three polarization ray tracing matrix P which is defined in global coordinates characterizes the ::: polarization transformations associated with single ray through optical system. The P matrix contains both a ::: geometrical transformation effect and the polarization characteristics of diattenuation and retardance from the ::: optical and polarization elements. In order to separate the geometrical transformation and calculate the "physical" ::: retardance, a non-polarizing ray tracing matrix Q is used. The diattenuation and the retardance of a dove prism are ::: analyzed as an example.

In this paper, the thinking to solve the problem of optimal design for linear headlight source is discussed by using optical methods that contain Lambert's (cosine) law of light source, the vector equation of ray reflection law, tbe illumination distribution, the homo-centric beam and the astigmatic beam analysis of approximate parallel beam etc.


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Question: Does your Online Advertising work for every Consumer? - Measuring age-related Advertising Effectiveness in an Internet Company

With the emergence of the internet and its growing importance as an advertising medium, online advertising effectiveness became a topic in academic research (Ha 2008, Jianan et al. 2005). A June 2008 worldwide McKinsey digital-advertising survey shows that 91 percent out of 340 companies are advertising online. Yet 80 percent of the companies allocate media budgets by simply making subjective judgments and have none or only inappropriate methods in place to track advertising effectiveness (Bughin et al. 2009). Accordingly, the need for accountability in praxis increased significantly. The current method of tracking online advertising effects in the marketplace is by using direct tracking techniques via cookies (Lavin 2006). However via direct tracking it is not possible to measure all advertising effects because 30 percent of internet users reject or delete cookies needed for tracking (Lipsman 2007).

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A Cross-National Investigation of An Extended Technology Acceptance Model in The Online Shopping Context: A Study Case of Online Apparel Industry Across ASEAN Member States - Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Online Shopping, ASEAN, Intention.


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Question: Interreligious Dialogue: Orientations for Formation

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Dr. Bongiovanni is a lecturer at both the Pontifical Gregorian University and the Pontifical Urbanian University in Rome and is the founder and director of the St. Francis Xavier Movement, a lay ecclesiastical movement that was founded in Italy in the 1980s and was present in India (where St. Francis Xavier is buried in Goa) from 1990.

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Chapter One: Introduction Chapter Two: The Historical Context: Origin of Critical Pedagogy Chapter Three: The Theoretical Context: Culture and Cultural Politics Chapter Four: Alternative Projects of Critical Pedagogy Chapter Five: Education of Resistance against Globalization Chapter Six: Alternative Models of Society Chapter Seven: Conclusion References Index


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Question: Shrinking Distance Identifying priorities for territorial integration

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1 The world is not flat! 2 2 A policy framework for territorial integration 4 2.1 Spatially blind “institutions” 6 2.1.1 Progressive taxation 6 2.1.2 Intergovernmental transfers 9 2.1.3 Improving access and quality of education 11 2.1.4 Land market policies 12 2.1.5 Portable pension benefits 12 2.2 Spatially connective “infrastructure” 13 2.2.1 Transport Costs and Spatial concentration 14 2.2.2 Focus on Transport Services 15 2.2.3 Connecting Places with Information flows 16 2.3 Spatially targeted “incentives” 16 2.3.1 Let markets pick the places 17 2.3.2 Coordinating local and national incentive Programs 21 2.3.3 “Know thy Economy” Thinking through the design of incentives 22 3 An “I” for a “D”: Matching policies with country specific challenges 23 4 Implications for EU regional policies 26 4.1 Emphasize spatially blind and connective policies 26 4.2 Focus on international convergence, internal concentration 27 4.3 Assess spatial efficiency equity tradeoffs 29

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Research resources for ESPM C10 / LS C30V. Relationship between human society and the natural environment.


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Question: Evaluation of eicosanoids in nasal lavage as biomarkers of inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis

Introduction ::: Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs), 8-isoprostane and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) constitute fundamental mediators in allergic inflammation; therefore we wanted to determine the utility of PGE2, 8-isoprostane and cys-LT levels in nasal lavage as biomarkers of allergic inflammation.

A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a sulfated xylan, wherein the sulfated xylan is pentosan polysulfate (PPS), for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of inflammatory respiratory condition selected from the list consisting of asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a subject.


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Question: Measuring /ital b/ /r arrow/ /ital c/ searching for /ital b/ /r arrow/ /ital u/

Progress towards the measurement of /ital V//sub /ital cb// is reivewed. The search for /ital b/ /r arrow/ /ital u/ is discussed. Searches for the charmless modes B /r arrow/ /ital pp/bar //..pi..(..pi..) are described in detail.

Summary The properties md applidors of her modes vith hclid (voncx) phase front havs atva*cd a greaf deal of sttenion at psw (SE, e& [I] d reference8 thrrein). The LaguemGaussian vmx nm-mode has the form Ei(r,p ~~E~x(w~lw)p"L~( Zp')crp(~mpil-iO p'.i(2rrtmcl)are (g~, where pdw, &?d(Aw2), L: is the Laguem polpomial, v?u~Il+~]''~, WO is the value ofw in the mode wairf m is the vortex charge. At mXI the mods, have the phe dircontirmity at the center. It is intaming to explore the possibility ofphase conjuganon PC) of such modes. In the presmt talk we study he spatial stnrc~~ of Stokes radiatim arisen from the noise and amplified at the back SBS mder direct focvring of P vow laser beam imo the SBS-medium. We carry oul3D metical calculations ofthe parabolic equation for Stokes field amplimde Es (21: %+'a E -~IEJE,,


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Question: Computer Model Of A Normal Pressure Pulse Contour In Ascending Aorta By Using A Circuit Analysis Program

This paper introduces the use of a popular personal computer based circuit analysis program to model and analyze a normal pressure pulse contour in the ascending aorta. It is shown that provided a biological signal is modeled by an electric circuit, this procedure could be used to write an appropriate computer program to represent it, not only in the time domain, but also in the frequency domain.

Debugging Of Large-scaled Data Processing Systems Like Supercomputers Is Becoming More Difficult. One Of The Causes Of The Trouble Is A Long Time For Reproducing VlSI's To Change Logic Design. An Automated On-chip Direct Wiring Modification System, Using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) And Laser CVD, Was Developed. It Reduced The Logic Change Period To One Day. The Debugging Time Of The Newest Mainframe Computer M880 Was Shortened By A Few Months.


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Question: Powder packing method and apparatus therefor

The powder filling device according to the present invention, gas can be evenly into the powder, whereby a minimum amount of gas to fluidize the powder. The fluidizing gas fed to the bottom of the powder container with a small mouth or complex structure. Gas is introduced into the powder container through the powder layer is released between the nozzle and the mouth. The apparatus can be easily, densely packed powder in the container without causing the flying powder container. Further, the apparatus is small, easy to handle, easy to operate, and thus can be operated by anyone in any place.

： The metal tapping and slagging protection method and metal temperature keeping protection method as well as their application scope was described.


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Question: Experimental Study on Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Infected by HSV-1 in Vitro

Objective:To establish primary culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of rat in vitro and to observe HSV-1 infection on BMSCs. Methods: BMSCs were separated from bone marrow and identified. Total DNA was iso-lated from HSV-1-infected BMSCs and the specific gene fragment of HSV-1 was amplified by PCR. Results: After BMSCs were induced for 14 days, their ALP level increased and calcification nodule formed. BMSCs manifested the characteris-tics of osteoblast. BMSCs were infected by HSV-1, and shew the typical cytopathic effect. A 477 bp fragment was am-pli-fied correctly by PCR. Conclusion: Rat BMSCs can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro, and can be used as the seed cells for tissue engineering. HSV-1 can infect rat BMSCs in vitro.

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'This paper presents a fast algorithm for detecting facial parts such as nose, eyes and lips in an image by using lifting dyadic wavelet filters. Free parameters in the lifting filters are learned so as to maximize the cosine of an angle between a vector whose components are the lifting filters and a vector of pixels in the facial part. Applying the learned filter to a test image, facial parts in the image is detected. In simulation, we show that our algorithm is fast and robust one for detecting facial parts from an image.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Fast face detection by lifting dyadic wavelet filters']"

Demonstration of the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Substance P (NK 1 ) Receptor Antagonist in Major Depression


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Question: The Unpredictability of Future Science

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(1) It is difficult — indeed impossible — to predict the future of science. For we cannot forecast in detail even what the questions on the agenda of future science will be. (2) Viewed not in terms of itsaims but in terms of itsresults, science is inescapablyplastic: it is not something fixed, frozen and unchanging, but something variable and protean — given to changing not only its opinions but its very form as well. (3) We thus cannot discern the substance of future science with sufficient clarity to say just what it can and cannot accomplish. (4) Setting domain limitations to science — putting entire ranges of phenomena outside its explanatory grasp — is a risky and unprofitable business.

It Isn't Luck The Playing Field: What Business Are You In? Strategies: How Do We Play? The Winning Team Leadership: Dr House, Frank Rijkaard and Pep Guardiola Human Resources: Good Criteria and Hygiene Reasons and Emotions on the Negotiating Table Innovation: Science and Art Back To The Future


Question: Application of Inner Feedback High Frequency Chopping Wave Speed Regulation Technology

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The paper introduces the working principle and characteristics of inner feedback high frequency chopping wave speed regulation device,and compares it with other speed regulation device.An engineering example shows that high voltage chopping wave speed regulation scheme,which is of low comprehensive cost,quick results,high reliability and convenient maintenance,can be adopted to realize the speed control for high voltage motor.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Guest Editors' Introduction: Special Section on the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (I3D 2012)

The papers in this special section includes extended versions of four of the best papers presented at the 2012 ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games held from 9-11 March 2012 in Costa Mesa, California.

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Proceedings of Applied Spoken Language Interaction in Distributed Environments (ASIDE 2005), ITRW and COST278 Final Workshop. Aalborg (Denmark)


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Question: Vegetation of warm late pleistocene intervals and the extinction of some large herbivorous mammals

Abstract The results are reported of a study of plant remains from the gastrointestinal tract of large herbivorous mammals, i.e., horse, mammoth, bison, which perished, according to C14 data, during various periods of the Kargin interglacial in the Indigirka River basin (corresponding to the mid‐Wisconsin, 45,000 to 30,000 BP). At that time, the forest reached the coast of the Arctic Ocean, and bogs spread. This led to a reduction of herbaceous communities serving as pastures. The qualitative composition of the food of the animals changed. Plants of moist and waterlogged communities, sedges, cotton‐grass, grasses, and green and sphagnum mosses, began to predominate in their fodder. These communities differ considerably in their content of major nutrients (protein, albumin, fats) and mineral composition from plants of dry habitats and meadow forbs. This was the main reason for the reduction in the population of some animals and the final extinction of others.

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For instance, <<['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title\n\nTo give you a sense - "By means of a geometrical approach it has been possible to find a new connection between the geometrical characteristics of an oblique shock wave. The obtained expressions are used to establish some features of the reflection process." should be close to "Geometrical investigation of the regular reflection of shock waves from a wall"', 'Seed- borne fungi induce conspicuous changes in the concentrations of various nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Mn), thus affecting the growth in height and biomass of seedlings of Picea glauca and Pinus strobus. The data indicate that the changes may be caused by interference in the physiology of the infected seeds and seedlings. The response of the change in the nutrient levels and total height growth towards the pre-chilling treatment of the seeds was not consistent to indicate any trend']>>  to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Influence of seed-borne fungi on the nutrient composition and growth of conifer seedlings']"

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the relationship between humans and birds in the recent prehistory of the Southern Iberian Peninsula. With its high number of bird, mammal, and anthropomorphic paintings,...


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Question: Simultaneous quantitation of 13 active components in SimiaoYong'an decoction using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection

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SimiaoYong'an decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine formula consisting of four herbs, has been widely used for the treatment of gangrene disease. However, its clinical application is restricted...

A capillary gas chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the separation of phenolic metabolites from human urine following the intravenous infusion of racemic bupivacaine, with subsequent formal identification and quantification by on-line mass spectrometry.


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Question: Single-pole writer instabilities dependent on the pole-tip geometry

In this paper, we describe our experimental demonstration that the single-pole writer instabilities dependent on the pole-tip geometry. The instability of these writers is strongly dependent upon the throat height, which is defined as the distance between the flared point of pole tip and the air-bearing surface.

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Point matching method calculation of cut-off frequencies and field configurations of waveguides with general cross section


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Question: Application of the Concept of Levels of Organization to the Study of Animal Communication

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The influence of the behavior of one animal on the behavior of another of the same or a different species is a well-known, extensively studied phenomenon. Whether this phenomenon is called “communication,” “interaction,” “signaling,” “language,” or some other name is often a matter of definition. It is sometimes reminiscent of Alice’s conversation with Humpty Dumpty: ::: “When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said... “it means just what I choose to mean—neither more or less.” ::: ::: “The question is,” said Humpty Dumpty, “which is to be the master—that’s all.”... “Impenetrability! That’s what I say!” ::: ::: “Would you tell me please,” said Alice, “what that means?” ::: ::: ... “I meant by ‘impenetrability’ that we’ve had enough of that subject....” (From Through the Looking Glass,by Lewis Carroll.)

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Systems: Origin and Evolution, Terms and Concepts. Systems and Complexity. Systems and Measurement. Systems and Modeling: Diagrams and System Identification. Systems View of Management and Organizations. Systems Approach to 'Problem Solving'. Systems Theory in International Relations. Systems Models of Dynamic Processes. Quantitative Cybernetics. System and Model Decomposition. Systems Science: Making Sense of the Philosophical Issues. Index.


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Question: Research and Development on Flood Control Scheduling Information System in Huadian Fujian

In order to better support network optimization scheduling based on flood control,Huadian Fujian electric power generation Co.,LTD built an unified flood dispatching information system of regional power companies.It mainly researched from four aspects which are overall frame,standard data,data exchange,integration and application.Platform with a soft bus technology as the core is used to slove the isomerism and diversity of underlying data.It built the flood control scheduling public information platform which can be of multi use one source,function reuse,effectively support to many fields and multiple application.The system's automation degree is high.The adoptive data switching technology finely supports integration of heterogeneous and multi-source data.

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The synthetic technologies, producers and applications of profenofos and deltamethrin are detailed. The profenofos producers located in China are as follows: Inner Mongolia Hongyu Pesticide Co., Ltd, Taiyuan Chemical Industry Group Phosphate Fertilizer Factory, Nantong Dyestuff Plant, Yixing Biochemical Plant, Qingdao Pesticide Plant and Jining Chemical Experiment Plant. The enterprises producing deltamethrin are Aogefu (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, Hubei Sanonda Co., Ltd. Tianmen Agrochemical Plant, Tongshan Pesticide Plant, Wujin No.3 Pesticide Plant, Redsun Group Co., Ltd, Changzhou Fenghua Pesticide Plant,Jiangsu Bailing Pesticide Factory, Zhejiang Welldone Chemicals Co.,Ltd.


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Question: The Principle and Application of Modified Model 2K-H[E] Differential Mechanism

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For example, '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "Method: This prospective study included 76,693 female participants in the Nurses' Health Study and 39,519 male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. We developed two cardioprotective dietary patterns, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and two overall dietary patterns from factor analysis, prudent and western pattern. We calculated each dietary pattern score from repeated food frequency questionnaires. We confirmed 1,531 intermediate and 1,269 advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cases. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relative risks (RR's) and 95% confidence intervals (CI's). Results: For advanced AMD, the prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated with risk (comparing extreme quintiles, multivariate RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.63 to 0.94; p trend = 0.008), whereas the western pattern was positively related to risk (RR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.71; p trend = 0.005). The RR for DASH was 0...."]' should be close to '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Dietary Patterns and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration After More Than Two Decades of Follow-Up']'

Based on the analysis of the auto rear axle differential mechanism the paper gives a design of the new device that removes the differential shell and integrates the shell, spider and gears. This mechanism has been successfully applied to the microcomputer-controlled wheel chair and vacuum arc welding equipment.

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For instance, <<['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "The symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) are rarely dangerous but sometimes are sufficiently annoying to warrant treatment. Researchers designed this"]>>  to "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', "General Medicine: Nifedipine Better Than Biofeedback for Raynaud's Phenomenon"]"

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Temperature-dependent response of quasi-unidirectional E-glass fabric reinforced polypropylene composites under off-axis tensile loading

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Abstract The temperature-dependent off-axis tensile behavior of quasi-unidirectional E-glass fabric reinforced polypropylene composites has been investigated both experimentally and constitutively in this paper. The nonlinearity in composites under off-axis loading is shown to be a combination of damage and plasticity regardless of temperature. A nonlinear constitutive model is established to predict the temperature-dependent nonlinear stress-strain curves of composites, in which the accumulation of plastic strain and evolution of damage in composites are described by the plasticity and damage theories, respectively. A full suite of temperature-dependent plastic and damage parameters in the model are determined through cyclic loading-unloading tests.

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Three examples of engineering design with thermoplastics are discussed, where deformation and strength theories are applied with the objective of minimizing experimental effort: (i) modulus/density relationships for foamed thermoplastics in bending; (ii) a fracture mechanics theory for polyethylene tanks; (iii) simplified procedures for fibre-reinforced thermoplastics.


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Question: Critical reflection: an alleged epistemic duty

Kihyeon Kim (1994) has attempted to rescue the deontological conception of epistemic justification from a line of criticism advanced by William Alston. According to this conception justification is understood as a matter of being epistemically responsible; of believing what one ought to believe. Alston (1986) argues that the deontological conception is implausible because it entails doxastic voluntarism (the view that one can exercise direct voluntary control over what one believes at any given moment). Alston notes that we rarely, if ever, can exercise such control. For example, upon seeing a truck coming down the street, one is not at liberty to either believe or refrain from believing that the truck is coming down the street. Kim summarizes Alston's argument as follows:

Background: The post-antibiotic era is approaching fast as multidrug-resistant bacteria emerge and the antibiotic pipeline slows to a trickle. Antibiotic stewardship requires that antibiotics be us...


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Question: Effects of Steroid Iontophoresis and Electrotherapy on Bicipital Tendonitis

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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of steroid iontophoresis [SI] and electrotherapy [ET] on bicipital tendonitis.Methods: Forty-seven patients with bicipital tendonitis, diagnosed by ultrasonography, were all treated with hot packs [15 minutes], ultrasound [1.5 w/cm2, five minutes], and a standard exercise program. They were also divided randomly into two experimental groups. One group received SI [0.5 percent hydrocortisone acetate given with the negative electrode, 3–4 mA galvanic current, 15 minutes]. The second group was treated with ET [interferential current, 0–100 Hz, 15 minutes]. All patients were evaluated at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one month later with the following assessment tools: pain [pain at rest, with normal activities, and with strenuous activities] with a numeric scale [0 to 10], range of motion [ROM] with goniometry and with the ROM items of Constant's Shoulder Scale, patient satisfaction with a numeric scale [0 to 10], and disability by using the fu...

Introduction: Acupuncturein Context. History and TCM. Neuroanatomy, Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology. Applied Physiology. Methods of Acupuncture. Trigger Point Acupuncture. Segmental Acupuncture. Periosteal Acupuncture. Neuropathic Pain. Acupuncture for Rheumatological Problems. Acupuncture in a Pain Clinic. Acupuncture Through the Systems. Electroacupuncture and Acupuncture Analgesia/ Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. Laser Therapy. Acupuncture for the Withdrawal of Habituating Substances. Acupuncture for Nausea and Vomiting. Side Effects and Complications. Acupuncture in Clinical Research Methodology. The Future


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Question: Analysis of chemical composition of the essential oil from the Flos Sophorae Immaturus by GC-MS

The essential oil was extracted from the Flos Sophorae Immaturus by steam distillation,and then an analysis was conducted by applying GC-MS.The result shows that 39 ingredients have been found,and 28 of them have been identified,accounting 95.227% of the total essential oil.The main chemical components of the Flos Sophorae Immaturus essential oil are: 8-Heptadecene(26.358%),1,3-Cyclohexadiene,5-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-2-methyl-,[S-(R*,S*)](12.093%),Caryophyllene(11.969%),Phenol,2-methoxy-3-(2-propenyl)(8.460%),etc.

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Fewshot example: "['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The American Dream, shaped by the minds of the individual either pursued or fulfilled, is still valid today. The ?land-dream? dominates John Steinbeck?s novel Of Mice and Men, and is one of the widely spread forms of the American Dream. The hardship for most people in achieving this dream is caused by trying to chase it alone, without any company and help. The beauty of the Steinbeck novel arises in the unique friendship between the two main characters George and Lennie who help each other in their quest for their dream. The thesis will introduce the adventures, desires and dreams of the characters in Of Mice and Men, especially those of George and Lennie?s. The two migrant workers are so close to fulfilling the American Dream they had been dreaming for a long time, that not only the other characters but also the reader believes it for some moments.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', "The American Dream in John Steinbeck's of Mice and Men"]"

The structure of cadinane-4α, 9α-diol-2-ene, a crystalline compound from acetone extractive of Taiwania cryptomedioides Hayata, was established by chemical behavior and spectrospcopic data.


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Question: Intergenerational Impact of the Trauma of a Pogrom

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This article examines the effect of a pogrom on a survivor—my mother—including the impact on her personality, her life, her children, and our relationship with her. I describe how I perceived my mother when I was a child, how I view her now, and how I came to an understanding of her trauma. I also describe my view of myself as seen through the lens of her trauma and my view of how her traumatic experience expressed itself in her fear of attack, fear of loss, and inability to mourn the loss of the future she had planned, imagined, and expected for herself.

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Preface Exploring Offence Paralleling Behaviours in Incarcerated Offenders The Chinese Prison System for Female Offenders: A Case Study Social Control, Moral Panics & Prison: Social Harms Produced by the Myth of the New Hyper-Violent Girl Advancing the Study of Solitary Confinement Conducting Treatment in the Prison System: Rehabilitation Research Exploratory Study on Child Care in Prisons Violence Prevention Booster Program: Effects on Knowledge, Attitude, & Recidivism The Challenges of Re-entry from Prison to Society A Theoretical Assessment of the Impact of Unsafe Injecting Practices & Behavioral Change on the Dynamics of HCV & HIV within Correctional Institutions Index.