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Question: Characterization of Convex Isotropic Functions

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Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the convexity of a scalar valued function of tensors that is proper isotropic, or invariant under rotations. These conditions are also appropriate for functions defined only for orientation preserving tensors. They are weaker than Ball's convexity conditions for fully isotropic functions (invariant under all orthogonal tensors) [B1]. The results are applied in obtaining polyconvexity conditions for the stored energy function.

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Inversion of Finite Toeplitz Matrices.- Inversion of Finite ToeplitzMatrices Consisting of Elements of a Noncommutative Algebra.- Matrix Integral Operators on a Finite Interval with Kernels Depending on the Difference of the Arguments.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. I. The Resultant Operator for Matrix Polynomials.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. II. The Continual Analogue of the Resultant Operator.- The Spectrum of Singular Integral Operators in L p Spaces.- On an Algebra Generated by the Toeplitz Matrices in the Spaces h p .- On Singular Integral Equations with Unbounded Coefficients.- Singular Integral Equations with Continuous Coefficients on a Composed Contour.- On a Local Principle and Algebras Generated by Toeplitz Matrices.- The Symbol of Singular Integral Operators on a Composed Contour.- One-dimensional Singular Integral Operators with Shift.- Algebras of Singular Integral Operators with Shift.


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Question: An improved technique for culture of catheter tips from open-heart surgery patients

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Bacteria were isolated from 19·6% of left atrial catheter tips from open-heart surgical patients when incubation of the culture was prolonged to eight days and the prophylactic antibiotic given to the patient (flucloxacillin) was specifically neutralised with beta-lactamase. This compares with the previous estimate of 9·9% when a standard culture method was employed. Additionally, diphtheroid organisms were recovered from left atrial catheter tips using this new technique.

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Background ::: Biologic matrices offer a new approach to the management of abdominal wall defects when the use of other foreign material is not ideal. A member of our team (GEA) developed a biological decellularized matrix generated from harvested blood vessels of swine blood vessel matrix (BVMx). The aim of our study was to investigate whether this novel collagen-based biological matrix is safe and effective for the repair of abdominal wall hernia defects in a rat model.


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Question: Whistler observations of substorm electric fields in the nightside plasmasphere

Whistlers recorded in the Antarctic were used to infer the east-west component of electric field in the nightside plasmasphere between L ∼ 3 and 6 during moderate substorms. The results show eastward electric fields of ˜0.2 mV/m in the equatorial plane in the premidnight local time sector. Near midnight there is a sharp transition from these eastward fields to westward fields of ˜0.2–0.6 mV/m. The existence of westward substorm fields in the postmidnight sector has been reported in several previous papers as a prominent feature in the whistler data. These fields are distinct from quiet time fields that are directed eastward over the entire nightside and have an average magnitude of ˜0.05 mV/m. The substorm electric field pattern described here is consistent with previous ionosonde observations of large-scale distortions of the nightside F layer showing an uplifting in the premidnight sector and a lowering in the postmidnight sector.

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The Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) was launched July 25, 1990, into an 18 degree inclination orbit with a 350 km perigee altitude, a 6.3 Re geocentric apogee distance, and an orbital period of 9.9 hours. During the nearly 15 months period that CRRES operated, the Plasma Wave Experiment (PWE) collected much valuable data on the plasma wave environment in the plasmasphere and inner magnetosphere during quiet times, during geomagnetically disturbed periods, and during the high altitude chemical releases.


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Question: Evaluation of Trace Metals in Tea Samples from Jeddah and Jazan, Saudi Arabia by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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The Cd, Pb, Mn, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr and Cu content were determined in various teas available in local markets of Jeddah and Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Concentrations of the trace metals were measured after acid digestion using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Validation of the digestion procedure was performed by the analysis of a certified reference material. The cadmium, lead, manganese, zinc, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium and copper concentrations were found in the range of below the detection limit (BDL)--0.7 μg/g, BDL--8.7 μg/g, 48-859 μg/g, 6.6-120 μg/g, BDL--16.9 μg/g, BDL--3.1 μg/g, 46-348 μg/g, BDL--4.9 μg/g and 5.2-21.6 μg/g respectively. The values found in this study were compared with literature values.

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1 Overview of Forensic Drug Analysis 2 Immunoassay Technologies For Drugs-of-Abuse Testing 3 Cannabis: Methods of Forensic Analysis 4 Analysis of the Hallucinogens 5 Cocaine: Methods of Forensic Analysis 6 Opioids: Methods of Forensic Analysis 7 Amphetamines: Methods of Forensic Analysis 8 Illicit Drug Manufacture (with an Emphasis on Cladestine Methamphetamine Production): Synthetic Methods and Law Enforcement Concerns


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Question: Infrared laser ranging in auto adaptive cruise control system

In the designed auto adaptive cruise control system,infrared laser ranging measures the distance between the main and the objective vehicles.The wavelength of the laser and the precision of the distance are very important to the reliability of the system.The factors affecting the accuracy of laser ranging are analyzed.Then the digital interpolating time counting method has been proposed to produce the high precision of distance measuring.Considering factors such as attenuation,reflectivity,system cost and eye safety,a 1.6 μm infrared laser wavelength is suggested as optimum.And the laser driving circuits and the detect-amplifying circuits are introduced.

The modern opto-electronic systems require infra-red zoom lenses for different uses. According to these uses, zoom lenses offer advantages with regard to bifocal lenses. This paper points out those advantages for five applications in the infra-red field which are: - thermal imagery - simulation - guiding on laser beam - tracking and ecartometry - coherent active imagery.


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Question: Housing and Technological Reform in Interwar France: The Case of the Cité de la Muette

Abstract For a brief period beginning in the late 1920s, French housing production was characterized by a sudden and enthusiastic embrace of new technologies—a shift which was made most evident at the Cite de la Muette, built outside Paris between 1930 and 1934. This article examines the discourse employed to promote the technological innovations of the design, and connects this promotion to a larger campaign for national economic renovation. The article also examines criticisms of the project, which portrayed it as a threat to traditional conceptions of the social and domestic role of housing.

Figures and Plates Abbreviations Acknowledgments 1 Introduction: How to Read an Exposition 2 Berlin 1896: Wilhelm II, Georg Simmel, and the Berliner Gewerbeausstellung 3 Paris 1900: The Exposition universelle as a Century's Protean Synthesis 4 London 1908: Imre Kiralfy and the Franco-British Exhibition 5 Wembley 1924: The British Empire Exhibition as a Suburban Metropolis 6 Vincennes 1931: The Exposition coloniale as the Apotheosis of Imperial Modernity 7 Conclusion: Exhibition Fatigue, or the Rise and Fall of a Mass Medium Coda: Pictures at an Exhibition Appendix Bibliography Index


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Question: Performance Evaluation of Deep Recurrent Neural Networks Architectures: Application to PV Power Forecasting

Smart grid systems require an accurate energy prediction from renewable sources to ensure high sustainability and power quality. For PV plants, a precise estimation of the generated PV power is crucial for the reduction of the production/demand unbalance. This essential need comes from the high variability of weather parameters during the PV electricity generation. Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) recurrent neural networks proved their high efficiency in forecasting applications. Thus, this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation of the LSTM and GRU techniques for PV power estimation in the medium/long horizon. The evaluation is based on a fair assessment of the aforementioned architectures for one week and more than three months (98 days) periods.

Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: Simulation andAnalysis ofPerformance ModelsofBroadband Intelligent Mobile Networks

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Thepresent thrust istodevelop aBroadband Intelligent network system whichisabletosustain alarge numberofusersanda varying amountofdatawhile maintaining highavailability ofresources andacceptable performance. In sucha scenario, Scalability isan important aspect. Inthis paperweconsider theimpact of increasing thenumberofusers supported byanetwork nodeand showthatthenetworkisscalable. Also Congestion Control isnecessary toprotect theBroadband Service Control Point during overload situations. Existing algorithms do notoperate optimally withrespect to important performance criteria suchasresponsiveness, efficiency andfairness. Herewe trytoidentify their shortcomings andpropose fewenhancements. We also showthattheproposed Enhanced call-gapping algorithm performs consistently better thantheexisting Automatic Call-gapping algorithm intermsofabove-mentioned criteria. Theeffectiveness ofthis analysis areshownusing NS-2simulator.

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AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionThe Information Sharing to Make Use of an ICT SystemThe Evaluation Function of the ICT SystemThe Value Propagation Chain Caused by the ICT SystemActive Use of the Evaluation Function in KPMAn Example of Visualizing the Effect of Risk Distribution on InvestmentSample calculationDiscussionConclusionReferences


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Question: Modeling of interaction of chiral mesogen with carbon nanotube

The possibility of supramolecular organization modeling of a cholesteric liquid crystalline (ChLC) matrix was shown by molecular dynamics simulation using the all-atom model. The supramolecular organization of ChLC mesogen and ChLC - a single walled carbon nanotube composite was estimated and 3D-model of a cholesteric phase of the studied compound was obtained. The effect of a carbon nanotube on the order parameter of ChLC molecules in the cholesteric phase was determined.

This communication presents a facile method for preparing ordered hydrophilic metal nanoparticles into gold nanoparticle monolayer Janus film (top face solvent-phobic polystyrene and bottom face solvent-philic nanoparticles) with thiol-terminated polystyrene. It also reveals the enhanced light source spectrum properties of the gold nanoparticle monolayer Janus film.


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Question: Effects of acidification on the mobility of metals and metalloids: an overview.

The exchange rates for metals and metalloids between sediments, soils, water and aquatic biota are discussed in terms of normal and acidified ecosystems. Where it is possible, the pathways for a number of toxic elements are presented with special emphasis on the impact of acidification on changing chemical speciation, and on the potential toxicity of such acid-generated chemical species. Concerns for the impact of acidification on the stability of ecosystems, the safety of drinking water, bioaccumulation in fish and in plants are addressed.

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Purpose ::: The aims of the current study were to (1) examine the interactive effects of biochar addition and differently textured soils (clayey and sandy soils) on nutrient leaching and (2) identify potential mechanisms related to the leaching.


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Question: Foliar Interception and Retention Values after Pesticide Application. A Proposal for Standardized Values for Environmental Risk Assessment (Technical Report)

In performing risk assessments for plant protection products by applicants or regulators in relation to the registration of the products, an important aspect to take into account is the foliar interception and retention of the active substance of the product on the plant. An overview is given of the approaches to this item in several parts of the world. The relevant circumstances and influencing variables, such as growth phase, planting density, and some physicochemical characteristics (e.g., vapor pressure and Henry's coefficient) are dealt with. Finally, a proposal is presented for how to take into account the phenomenon of foliar interception and retention in the initial phase, first tier, of the risk assessment process.

Introduction 1. Health Issues from Materials used in Residential Buildings 2. Hazards to the General Environment from the Manufacture, Use and Disposal of Buildings, Building Materials and Components 3. Whole Building Performance Issues - Design, Construction, Use and Disassembly 4. How to Use the Application Sheets 5. Application Sheets 6. Hazardous Materials in Existing Buildings. Appendix. Useful Addresses. Index


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Question: Neurologic Abnormalities in Infantile Autism

Neuroanatomic, pathologic, and neurobehavioral studies point to a cerebellar and parietal abnormality in autism. We used a standardized protocol to examine neurologic function in 28 pediatric autistic subjects and 24 pediatric normal healthy volunteer controls. As a group, the autistic subjects had quantitative measures from magnetic resonance imaging suggesting hypoplasia or hyperplasia of the cerebellar vermis, as well as measurements of posterior corpus callosum suggesting abnormalities of posterior cortex. In groups of tests that reflect cerebellar and parietal function, the neurologic abnormalities detectable by clinical examination were significantly greater for autistic subjects than for normal controls. These studies confirm that the structural and behavioral deficit in autism does lead to abnormalities that can be detected on the clinical neurologic examination. (J Child Neurol 1996; 11:84-92).

Willner: Methods for Assessing the Validity of Animal Models of Human Psychopathology. Lyon: Animal Models with Parallels to Schizophrenia. Schmajuk/Tyberg: The Hippocampal Lesion Model of Schizophrenia. Martin-Iverson: An Animal Model of Stimulant Psychoses. Ellison: Animal Models of Hallucinations: Continuous Stimulants. Lyon: Animal Models for the Symptoms of Mania. Rosengarten/Schweitzer/Friedhoff: Animal Models in Tardive Dyskinesia. Pierce/Epling: Activity Anorexia: An Animal Model and Theory of Human Self-Starvation. Feldon/Weiner: An Animal Model of Attention Deficit. Ellison/See: A Computerized Methodology for the Study of Neuroleptic-Induced Oral Dyskinesias. Index.


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Question: Specifications and guidelines for the design of curved steel girder bridges

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For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Platelet adhesion onto subendothelium of a damaged blood vessel depends upon the presence of von Willebrand factor (vWf) only at high flow shear rate. Our results showed enhanced adsorption of vWf onto stainless steel and latex surfaces under conditions of high shear stress, thus suggesting that in the rapidly flowing blood the extremely long vWf molecules are stretched, thus accelerating their binding to a given surface.']>>  to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract:', '[Binding of the von Willebrand factor to solid surfaces: effect of shear strength].']"

This paper succinctly outlines the evolution of curved girder design specifications from the 1980 AASHTO Guide Specifications for Horizontally Curved Girders through to the LRFD provisions for curved girder design accepted for inclusion in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications at the June 2004 meeting of the Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures. The multi-path approach to develop the background for these specifications is described, and some of the more significant changes to the design process are outlined.

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The authors have post-tensioned and monitored two Iowa bridges and have field tested the post-tensioning of a composite bridge in Florida. In order to provide the practical post-tensioning distribution factors given in this manual, the authors developed a finite element model of a composite bridge and checked the model against a one-half scale laboratory bridge and two actual composite bridges, one of which had a 45 deg skew. Following a brief discussion of this background research, this manual explains the use of elastic, composite beam and bridge section properties, the distribution fractions for symmetrically post-tensioned exterior beams, and a method for computing the strength of a post-tensioned beam. Also included is a design example for a typical, 51.25-ft (15.62-m) span, four-beam composite bridge. Moments for Iowa Department of Transportation rating trucks, H 20 and HS 20 trucks, have been tabulated for design convenience and are included in the appendix.


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Question: A new tricarbonyl fac-[M(acac)(isc)(CO)3] complex (M = Re, 99mTc) with acetylacetonate (acac) and isocyanide (isc) in a 2+1 combination

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Abstract The synthesis and characterization of the neutral 2+1 mixed ligand complex fac- Re(CO) 3 (acac)(isc) ( 4 ) with acetylacetonate (acac) as the bidentate ligand and an isocyanide (the isocyanocyclohexane, isc) as the monodentate ligand is described. The synthesis of 4 proceeds through the intermediate formation of the fac- Re(acac)(H 2 O)(CO) 3 precursor complex 2 . Complex 4 was characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic methods, and X-ray crystallography showing a distorted octahedral arrangement of the ligands around Re. At technetium-99m level, the corresponding fac - 99m Tc(acac)(isc)(CO) 3 complex 5 was obtained in high yield by reacting the fac - 99m Tc(acac)(H 2 O)(CO) 3 precursor complex 3 with isocyanocyclohexane and its structure was established by chromatographic comparison with the prototypic rhenium complex using high performance liquid chromatography.

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Metallation of the donor-functionalised ylide ligand Ph3PCH–(o-CH3OC6H4) with homoleptic alkyl and aryl complexes of yttrium and lutetium furnished unprecedented phosphoranylidene complexes, featuring a central μ2-M2C2 core.


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Question: Open and Distance Learning in Asia: Status and Strengths

This paper presents an overview of the current status of open and distance learning (ODL) in Asia—a continent regarded as a major region in which ODL flourishes. It profiles the member institutions of the Asian Association of Open Universities, covering diverse areas such as the countries/regions of the institutions, the years of establishment, the numbers of students and academic staff, the types of institutions and their levels of programmes. Against this background, the strengths of, and opportunities for, ODL in Asia are discussed from the perspectives of the potential number of students, growth in Internet users, expertise in distance education, government support and inter-institutional collaboration. Possible ways for further development are also suggested.

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Environmental Challenges, Regulations and Institutions in Saudi Arabia.- Environmental Concerns and Policies in Saudi Arabia.- Environmental Investments.- Incentive Structures.- Environmental Business Channels.- The Way Forward.


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Question: Complexity and interprofessional care.

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Calls for greater collaboration between professionals in health and social care have led to pressures to move towards interprofessional education at both pre- and postregistration levels. Whilst this move has evolved out of ‘common sense’ demands, such a multiple systems approach to education does not fit easily into existing traditional disciplinary frameworks and there is, as yet, no proven theoretical framework to guide its development. What is more, it lacks a clear causality and predictability and therefore does not fit easily into traditional scientific frameworks with their focus on analysis, prediction and control. This article considers how complexity theory, with its focus on connectivity, diversity, self-organization, and emergence, can provide interprofessional education with a coherent theoretical foundation, freeing it from the constraints of a traditional linear framework, enabling it to be better understood, questioned and challenged as a new paradigm of learning.

Enterprise risk management and risk matrix approach. Eyetracking and managerial risk perception experiment.


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For example, '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Synthesis and Analysis of Medical Intermediate 2-(p-chlorobenzyl) Pyridine']' should have a representation like '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'p-chlorobenzyl) pyridine is prepared from 4-chlorobenzyl chloride and pyridine hydrochloride via condensation. The affection to the yield of some factors, such as material proportion, catalyst quantity, reaction time, reaction temperature and the persistent time of the temperature, are discussed, and the preferable process condition is determined. Under the preferable technological condition, the molar yield of 2-(p-chlorobenzyl) pyridine is about 58.4%. The resultants of the whole synthesis system are analyzed by gas chromatography with temperature programmable column oven, which gets ideal effects.']' but very far from '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', '1. ::: ::: A series of quinones containing acetylenic substituents in the quinone ring have been synthesized by oxidizing acetylenic derivatives of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene and 1,4-dimethoxynaphthalene with Ce(NH4)2 (NO3)6. ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: 2. ::: ::: 2,5-Bis(3′-N-morpholino-1′-propynyl)-1,4-dimethoxybenzene on reaction with Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6 undergoes oxidative deamination to the dialdehyde, 2,4-di(formylethynyl)-1,4-dimethoxybenzene.']'.

Question: Stress-Related Symptoms among Dental Hygienists

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-A sample of 49 practicing dental hygienists responded to a survey which included Derogar~s and Spencer's 1982 Brief Symptom Inventory, a measure of stress-related symploms, and a list of items considered stressful based on previous research with hygienists, arranged in six content categories. As hypothesized, in comparison with national norms, hygienists displayed significantly more symptoms on the over-all inventory and also on eight of nine subscales. Also as hypothesized, on the list of stressors, items pertaining to time pressure were rated as significantly more stressful than items from other behavioral domains. However, contrary to prediction, the correlation between over-all symptom level on the inventory and self-rated stress did not reach statistical significance. A variety of implications for stress reduction in dental hygiene practice are discussed.

Empathy in Human Relationships.- Definitions and Conceptualization.- Human Connection in Health and Illness.- An Evolutionary Perspective, Psycho-Socio-Physiology, Neuroanatomy, and Heritability.- Psychodynamics and Development.- Measurement of Empathy in the General Population.- Empathy in Patient Care.- A Definition and Key Features of Empathy in Patient Care.- The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy.- The Interpersonal Dynamics in Clinician-Patient Relationships.- Empathy as Related to Sex, Personal Qualities, Clinical Competence, and Career Choice.- Patient Outcomes.- Enhancement of Empathy.- Parting Thoughts: A Paradigm of Empathy and Future Directions.


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Question: A Preliminary Assessment of the Carnivore Community Outside Johannesburg, South Africa

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The UNESCO Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, Kromdraai and Evirons World Heritage Site, known as the Cradle of Humankind (-25.948938°S;27.784395°E) in South Africa, is known for its numerous fossil sites (Hilton-Barber & Berger 2002; Dirks et al. 2010) but little is known regarding its current carnivore diversity. Occasionally a leopard (Panthera pardus) attack will make the news and a leopard den was examined in 2000 (de Ruiter & Berger 2000;de Ruiter & Berger 2001), while local ranchers and farm managers report a high number of black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) in the area (H. Visser & T. Nash, pers. comm.). In addition, brown hyaenas (Hyaena brunnea) are frequently sighted by locals (H. Visser & T. Nash, pers. comm.).

Farm Spending and Local Selling: How Do They Match Up?; Changing Fiscal Patterns for Minnesota County Governments


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Question: THE SOLITARY WAVE MODEL OF SUPERFLUIDITY

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We propose the solitary wave model of superfluidity. According to harmonic oscillator model of quasi-lattice of liquid, it is proven that superfluid domains (SD) exist in He liquid, in which the resistanceless motion of liquid molecules (LM) can be carry out. At temperature lower than Tc, all SD connect with each other and superflow in whole liquid takes place. Applying Toda's potential, under continuous conditions, we obtain the motion equation of LM, and its exact solution. Substituting these results into Schrodinger equation of LM, we can prove the existence of solitary waves of LM and the non-linear Schrodinger equation of LM. The motion of solitons of LM leads to a superflow. On the basis of coherent condition of wave of LM, we derive the formula of transition temperature Tc of superfluidity. From the formula, the relation of the onset temperature Tc of superflow on inert layers is explained.

THE NATURE OF THE CATALYST CAUSING THE HYDROLYSIS OF UREA IN SOILS JOHN CONRAB; Soil Science


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Question: Development of Threshold Algorithms for a Location Problem with Elastic Demand

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This work is devoted to development of threshold algorithms for one static probabilistic competitive facility location and design problem in the following formulation. New Company plans to enter the market and to locate new facilities with different design scenarios. Clients of each point choose to use the facilities of Company or its competitors depending on their attractiveness and distance. The aim of the new Company is to capture the greatest number of customers thus serving the largest share of the demand. This share for the Company is elastic and depends on clients’ decisions. We offer three types of threshold algorithms: Simulated annealing, Threshold improvement and Iterative improvement. Experimental tuning of parameters of algorithms was carried out. A comparative analysis of the algorithms, depending on the nature and value of the threshold on special test examples up to 300 locations is carried out. The results of numerical experiments are discussed.

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Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: Clinoptilolite zeolite as a builder in nonphosphated detergents

Abstract In this study the washing performance of western Anatolia Clinoptilolite zeolite in detergent formulations was investigated as a single builder or in binary or ternary builder combinations. In all the experiments the remaining part of the detergent compositions were the same and consisted of alcohol ethoxylate, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate. The washing test was performed at 60° C by using coffee soiled swatches. For binary builder systems, Clinoptilolite was combined with either a synthetic zeolite (NaA or NaX)or a complex ‐ making co‐builder (Na Citrate or Na EDTA). Clinoptilolite /NaA / co‐builder , Clinoptilolite / NaX / co‐builder ternary systems were also tested. Results indicated that binary or ternary systems formed by the addition of Clinoptilolite have synergistic interactions.

Research shows that the use of montmorillonite clay and flotation wastes from coal enrichment permits the production of an effective heat insulator: high-performing claydite. Coal-enrichment wastes facilitate the formation of mullite on firing claydite.


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Question: Effect of combined Low-Dose Radon- and Hyperthermia Treatment (LDRnHT) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis on serum levels of cytokines and bone metabolism markers: a pilot study

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Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a rheumatic disease and almost 50% of the affected patients suffer from osteoporosis. The ratio of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand (RANKL) and Osteoprotegerin (OPG) has become an important marker to assess the status of systemic bone metabolism and has been shown to be dysregulated in AS patients. Combined Low-Dose Radon- and Hyperthermia Therapy (LDRnHT) causes pain reduction in patients with AS and induces the cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). TGF-β1 acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine and influences the OPG/RANK/RANKL system. We therefore performed a study on 33 AS patients to investigate the effect of LDRnHT on serum levels of bone metabolism markers and cytokines involved in chronic inflammatory disorders. It is shown that TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6, OPG and RANKL levels significantly increased after LDRnHT and that the ratio of OPG over RANKL is significantly elevated.

Introduction ::: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients’ are at risk of low vitamin D and chronic inflammation. We studied the effect of 12 weeks calcitriol and calcium carbonate supplementation on inflammatory mediators serum; interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).


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Question: Monte Carlo Modelling of Glass Dissolution: Comparison with Experiments

One presents the results of numerical simulations of glass leaching. The glass is modelled as a random mixture of partly and totally soluble species, which represent silica, and boron or alkali oxides, respectively. It is shown that the dissolution rate and the thickness of the altered surface layer are strongly dependent on the glass composition, whereas the equilibrium solubility is not. The dependence of the layer thickness on the glass surface area to solution volume ratio is also emphasized. The protective role of the surface layer is shown to arise from its restructuring after the extraction of the soluble species. The simulation results are compared to an experimental study performed on series of SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Na 2 O glasses.

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Summaries of research accomplished are given for the following areas: Morphological (Diffusional) Stability; A New Algorithm for Numerical Modeling of Non-equilibrium Materials Behavior; A Unified Treatment of Single and Microcrystalline Film Edge Instabilities; and Validation of the Structure Based Grain Boundary Diffusion/Migration Model.


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Question: Analysis of key factors on potential chemical pesticide spray drift

Spray drift in crop protection field were used as one of inevitable causes of environmental pollution,and directly affected the efficiency of the use of pesticides.The volume of drift changes during spraying period when operation conditions are changed;this paper summarizes the key factors at present about drift conditions influence both at home and abroad,and discusses the various physical and physicochemical conditions,the influence of chemical characteristics of the drift,and the drift prevention technology was also introduced.

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The occurrence of mould and effect of formaldehyde emission on indoor air pollution has been widely reported. However, the potential effect of mould on formaldehyde emissions from building material...


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Question: Theoretical investigation of spectroscopic properties of Te2

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Abstract Complete active space MCSCF (CASSCF)/first-order configuration interaction (FOCI) calculations are carried out on the electronic states of Te 2 . Spin-orbit interaction is introduced as a correction to CASSCF FOCI results using a relativistic configuration interaction scheme. The spectroscopic properties of a number of electronic states are calculated. Our calculations enable correct assignment of ambiguous earlier assignments and confirmation of tentative earlier assignments of observed spectra. We also predict the properties of a number of electronic states which are yet to be observed.

We present the results of finite field/AMI calculations on the nonlinear optical properties of the D-π-A molecules of benzeneimine derivatives and discuss the effect of substituted groups on the nonlinear optical properties of benzeneimine derivatives from the view point of molecular design.


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Question: A New Method of Obtaining Any Voltage Space Vector in DTC

Aimed at solving the problem of getting any voltage space vector in SVM-DTC system, an optimized fuzzy neural network method based on improved GA (genetic algorithm) was proposed.The anticipant any voltage space vector was obtained when the torque error and flux linkage error were input,combining with the flux linkage angle at the same time.The simulation results showed that the flux linkage pulsation and the torque pulsation were minished by this scheme,and the system performance could be improved.

Debugging Of Large-scaled Data Processing Systems Like Supercomputers Is Becoming More Difficult. One Of The Causes Of The Trouble Is A Long Time For Reproducing VlSI's To Change Logic Design. An Automated On-chip Direct Wiring Modification System, Using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) And Laser CVD, Was Developed. It Reduced The Logic Change Period To One Day. The Debugging Time Of The Newest Mainframe Computer M880 Was Shortened By A Few Months.


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Question: How the 1990 Post Enumeration Survey transformed the census adjustment controversy.

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The author briefly examines the controversy surrounding the 1980 U.S. census undercount including a lawsuit entered against the U.S. Bureau of the Census by the City of New York. He then describes the Post Enumeration Survey (PES) introduced after the 1990 census "to measure census coverage (i.e. undercounts) by place and by race and ethnicity which had not previously been possible....Results of the 1990 PES show that previous claims about the harmful effects of differential undercounts were exaggerated but they also [show] that the undercounts and their effects are still there." (EXCERPT)

Problem statement and thesis overview. An EU perspective on innovation. The US innovation landscape. Rest of the world.


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Question: Two-step mechanism for the photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer in oligo(p-phenylene vinylene)-fullerene dyads

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The intramolecular photoinduced charge separation within two oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) fulleropyrrolidine dyads with three and four phenyl rings (OPV3-C{sub 60} and OPV4-C{sub 60}) is investigated with femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy in solvents of different polarity. Photoexcitation of the OPV moiety of these dyads results in an ultrafast singlet-energy transfer reaction to create the fullerene singlet excited state with a time constant of 190 fs, irrespective of the polarity of the medium. In a polar solvent, intramolecular electron transfer occurs from the OPV moiety to the C{sub 60} moiety with a time constant of 10--13 ps as a secondary reaction, subsequent to the ultrafast singlet-energy transfer. The charge-separated state has a lifetime of 50--90 ps and recombines to the ground state.

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Copolymers of N-vinylcarbazole and methyl methacrylate carrying side pyridylquinoline groups are synthesized on the basis of the methacrylol derivative of 2-pyridylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide. It is shown that the copolymers form stable metal-polymer complexes with Ir(ppy)2Cl (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine). The spectral and photoluminescent properties of the metal-polymer complexes are studied.


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Question: The Open Method of Coordination: A New Supranational Form of Governance?

The open method of coordination (OMC) has emerged as a new policy instrument in the European context. While it was initially confined to the employment field, it has recently been applied to several other areas. The aim of this article is to provide a reconstruction of the OMC. The focus is in particular on the structure and process of the OMC, but also on the new approach to law that it proposes. The OMC differs from traditional EC methods but also from traditional soft-law mechanisms. In order to highlight those original features, the paper analyses the key steps in the evolution of a strategy, the European employment strategy, which slowly became a new mode of governance.

Introduction 1. Constructing Complexity and Soft Power in Transboundary Water Governance 2. Multi-level Water Governance: Factors, Actors, Process 3. The Orange-Senqu River Basin and the Importance of the Past 4. The Nile River Basin and a Changing Landscape 5. Comparison of Multi-level Water Governance in Southern and East Africa 6. Scaling out to Environmental Politics: Lessons learned from Water 7. Water as a tool for Regional Integration and Policy Implications Conclusion. Exploring New Frontiers in Transboundary Water Governance


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Question: Heroes and Hells in Beowulf, the Shahnameh, and the Táin Bó Cúailnge

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This paper examines the Otherworld episodes from Old English Beowulf, the Iranian Shahnameh, and the Irish Tain Bo Cuailnge. It focuses on the parallel elements from the wrestling matches with a pair of Otherworld monsters, as well as the similarities in the descriptions of the earthly city and the Otherworld lair at which the episodes take place. This paper discusses these details and their significance in relation to the heroic biography. Finally, it concerns itself with questions of possible sources for the analogues.

Contents: Kostas Myrsiades: Why Teach Homer? - John Miles Foley: "Reading Homer" through Oral Tradition - Damian Stocking: Res Agens: Towards an Ontology of the Homeric Self - Kalliopi Nikolopoulou: Feet, Fate, and Finitude: On Standing and Inertia in the Iliad - Casey Due: Learning Lessons from the Trojan War: Briseis and the Theme of Force - Matthew Clark: Poulydamas and Hektor - William Duffy: Aias and the Gods - Joe Wilson: Homer and the Will of Zeus - Rick M. Newton: Assembly and Hospitality in the Cyclopeia - Mihoko Zuzuki: Rewriting the Odyssey in the Twenty-First Century: Mary Zimmerman's Odyssey and Margaret Atwood's Penelopiad.


Question: Deciphering the Genome Sequences of the Hydrophobic Cyanobacterium Scytonema tolypothrichoides VB-61278

ABSTRACT Scytonema tolypothrichoides VB-61278, a terrestrial cyanobacterium, can be exploited to produce commercially important products. Here, we report for the first time a 10-Mb draft genome assembly of S. tolypothrichoides VB-61278, with 214 scaffolds and 7,148 putative protein-coding genes.

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Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-0428 / Structural Frontal Abnormalities in Idiopathic Dystonia Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging" by: "H. M. Sakr; Cairo/EG"


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Question: Membrane Bioreactor on Domestic Wastewater Treatment Sludge Production and Modeling Approach

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The membrane bioreactor, with an increase of biomass concentration in the aeration tank, permit work with low F/M ratio and a reduction in sludge production. The membrane bioreactor potentialities have been tested on a laboratory pilot for domestic wastewater treatment. Various operating conditions (HRT, SRT) were applied to investigate organic and nitrogen removal as well as sludge production. Two modeling approaches were tested (maintenance phenomena, single sludge simulation process) with unsuccessfull predictions. Futher investigations are needed to better understand biological kinetics and phenomena in membrane bioreactor and to obtain higher flux on membrane processes.

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Development of Hydrometallurgical Processes. Industrial Hydroxyoxime Extractants and Their Characteristics. Physicochemistry of Metal Extraction with Hydroxyoximes. Potential of Metal Extraction and Separation with Hydroxyoximes. Application of Hydroxyoximes in Membrane Processes. Processing of Copper Ores. Index.


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Question: Bushu A Key To The Radicals Of The Japanese Script

Thank you for reading bushu a key to the radicals of the japanese script. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen novels like this bushu a key to the radicals of the japanese script, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.

Introduction Rite of Initiation Class, Education, and Civil Rights Voices and Modes of Representing Consciousness Focalization Stained Glass Windows Women and Children First A Fate Worse than Death Tower of Babel Husbands Lovers Friends? Judgment Day Anna Karenin La Regenta Effi Briest The Awakening O primo Basilio Madame Bovary Conclusion Bibliography Index


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Question: [Diagnostic image (125). A man with Bechterew's disease and dysfunctional defecation, micturition and erection. Cauda equina syndrome].

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A 62-year-old man suffering from long-standing ankylosing spondylitis had a 5-year history of progressive difficulty of defecation, micturition and erection, due to complication by a cauda equina syndrome.

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Rare neurological complication in course of severe acute pancreatitis was described. A 38-year old woman developed Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome ((MODS) and neurological complications such as transient encephalopathy and polineuropathy in a form of tetraplegy.


Question: Wafer clamping device for a double side grinder

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A hydrostatic pad for use in holding a semiconductor wafer during grinding of the wafer by grinding wheels. The pad includes hydrostatic pockets formed in a face of the body directly opposed to the wafer. The pockets are adapted for receiving fluid through the body and into the pockets to provide a barrier between the body face and the workpiece while still applying pressure to hold the workpiece during grinding. The hydrostatic pads allow the wafer to rotate relative to the pads about their common axis. The pockets are oriented to reduce hydrostatic bending moments that are produced in the wafer when the grinding wheels shift or tilt relative to the hydrostatic pads, helping prevent nanotopology degradation of surfaces of the wafer commonly caused by shift and tilt of the grinding wheels. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007

The present invention relates to a disk processing system having a chamber angle, the rotation angle chamber having a carrier assembly configured for rotating the heater assembly and the heater assembly.


Question: Stochastic Local Search Procedures for the Probabilistic Two-Day Vehicle Routing Problem

This chapter is motivated by the study of a real-world application on blood delivery. The Austrian Red Cross (ARC), a non-profit organization, is in charge of delivering blood to hospitals on their request. To reduce their operating costs through higher flexibility, the ARC is interested in changing the policy of delivering blood products. Therefore it wants to provide two different types of service: an urgent service which delivers the blood within one day and the other, regular service, within two days. Obviously the two services come at different prices.

Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: Research on Unconstraining Estimation Methods in Airline Revenue Management

Revenue management is an important tool to improve revenue level,which make decision on seat inventory control with the analysis of current and historical data.But constrained booking only can be observed,which does not reflect actual demand status,so it is a key to estimate unconstraining demand for seat inventory control.Foreign scholars bring forth a few of methods which do not apply for China civil aviation.In this paper,we bring forth a new method according as civil condition,which is easy to be used in practice.

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Abstract : Partial contents: Persistent ISR Study Objective, Persistence Defined, Modeling & Simulation, Measures of Effectiveness, Architecture Design Search, Summary.


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Question: Statistical Modelling of Data on Teaching Styles

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A method and apparatus for developing an electrostatic charge pattern with an ultrasonically generated uncharged droplet mist. The apparatus comprises an ultrasonic transducer which is energized from a power source and which has the capability of generating uncharged droplet mist particles from a liquid material. The droplet mist so created is brought into contact with the electrostatic charge pattern to effect its development without regard to image or charge polarity.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Station for resonance microwave heating

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For instance, <<['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The compounds M[N(SiMe3)2]3, where M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, and Fe, have been prepared by reactions involving metal chloride complexes and the lithium derivative of hexamethyldisilazane. The compounds have been characterized by analysis, molecular weight determination, i.r., and mass spectra. They are members of a trigonally co-ordinated transition metal series.']>>  to <<['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Three-co-ordinated transition metal compounds. Part I. The preparation and characterization of tris(bistrimethylsilylamido)-derivatives of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, and iron']>>

In this paper we present a special type of microwave oven designed for effective heating of dielectric materials with low microwave energy absorption. This device especially developed for Research-Education Centre “Nanosystems and Advance Materials” of Novosibirsk State University opens up possibilities to utilize advantages of microwave heating in various scientific investigations and technologies on creation of materials and modification of their properties.

The high brilliance fibre and disc lasers that were developed during the last decade providelong range focusing that enables remote laser techniques without assist gas, including remotelaser weldin ...


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Question: Combining surface-wave phase-velocity dispersion curves and full microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio for subsurface sedimentary site characterization

AbstractWe compute seismic velocity profiles by a combined inversion of surface-wave phase-velocity dispersion curves together with the full spectrum of the microtremor horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio at two sediment-covered sites in Germany. The sediment deposits are approximately 100 m thick at the first test site and approximately 400 m thick at the second test site. We have used an extended physical model based on the diffuse wavefield assumption for the interpretation of the observed microtremor H/V spectral ratio. The extension includes the interpretation of the microtremor H/V spectral ratio observed at depth (in boreholes). This full-wavefield approach accounts for the energy contribution from the body and surface waves, and thus it allows for inverting the properties of the shallow subsurface. We have obtained the multimode phase velocity dispersion curves from an independent study, and a description of the extracted branches and their interpretation was developed. The inversion resul...

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Abstract To determine the lateral and vertical variations in crustal structure and their influence on the seismicity of the Western North China Craton, the Trans-North China Orogen, and the surrounding regions, the wavelet multi-scale structures, Moho depth, crustal density structures, and isostatic state are modelled using Bouguer gravity anomaly data, topography, and earthquake focal mechanisms. We obtained homogeneous crustal densities and deviations of


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Question: Paradoxical effect of high and low dose aspirin in experimental arterial thrombosis.

The effect of different dosage regimens of aspirin was investigated in an experimental model of arterial thrombosis. A paradoxical effect with an increase of the arterial thrombus growth could be seen after a first single dose of 100 mg aspirin/kg body weight. When the high dose of aspirin was given repeatedly, a thrombus size minor than under low dose aspirin therapy with 10 mg/kg body weight has been observed. Our experimental thrombosis experiments do not provide sufficient evidence to support antithrombotic therapy with low doses of aspirin.

Darbepoetin- α inhibits the perpetuation of necro-inflammation and delays the progression of cholestatic fibrosis in mice


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Question: Granular Pressure Measurement in Fluidized Beds

Experiments were carried out to measure the additional pressure, called the granular pressure, which is exerted on the containing wall of a fluidized bed due to particle collisions with that wall. Measurements were made for water fluidized beds using glass beads of 1.3mm and 3mm diameter, lead shot of 2.1mm diameter and plastic particles. The granular pressure was observed to increase to a maximum and then decrease to zero as the solid fraction of the bed was reduced. The magnitude of the granular pressure was much larger than the values expected on the basis of previous experiments.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Improved supercooling in transient thermoelectrics

We present calculations for the supercooling of a thermoelectric material during a transient current pulse. At room temperature, a standard steady-state cooler produces a maximum temperature drop of 82 K. During a current pulse, this value can be increase to about 108 K. While prior calculations focused on the optimization of the current pulse with respect to length and height, we investigate the influence of the pulse shape upon the cooling mechanism. Our results show that using a quadratic pulse form, the supercooling effect can be improved and a maximum temperature drop of 116 K can be achieved, exceeding all previously reported results by 8 K. The mechanism increases the ratio of ZTeff∕ZT from the previous value of 1.76 to a maximum of 2.01. The optimized pulse shape requires less energy and, therefore, prevents extensive heating of the material after the minimum temperature is reached, resulting in an increase of efficiency by approximately a factor of 2.

An analysis is made of the relationship between the susceptibility to external pressure and the structural characteristics of perovskite-like halide ferroelastics


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Question: Use of CrossCheck test technology in practical applications

The CrossCheck technique is beginning to gain acceptance as an effective low-cost solution to the ASIC testability problem. The technique provides massive observability by embedding test circuitry into the ASIC device. This allows highly accurate defect modeling and simulation with less computational resources than conventional techniques. This paper describes CrossCheck test technology and present results on its application to real-life designs. All these designs are sequential in nature with multiple, gated and asynchronous clocks. Bridging, comprehensive (opens and shorts) as well as conventional stuck-at I/O fault coverage, and CPU time and memory requirements are presented. >

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The results shown in this report give a comprehensive comparison of the accuracy of United States and British standard pitot tubes.


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Question: Comparative efficacy of chamomile against omeprazole in aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in rats

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of chamomile versus omeprazole in the treatment of aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Animals were randomly assigned into three groups A, B and C (n = 10 each). Aspirin (200 mg/kg, intragastric (i.g.)) was administered for three consecutive days, and then, two animals from each group were euthanized and formed the aspirin-induced gastric ulcer control group. The remaining animals (n = 8 in each group) were administered with the following treatments: normal saline 9 % (0/5 mL, i.g.) (group A), omeprazole (2.3 mg/kg, i.p.) (group B) or chamomile decoction (25 mL/kg, i.g.) (group C) daily for 2 weeks. Histological analysis of tissue harvested from rats in groups B and C showed no significant difference, since ulcers in both treatment groups were completely cured. The results of this study suggest that chamomile could be used for the treatment of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers as an inexpensive alternative to omeprazole.

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Given ['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'We develop a model with asymmetric information, where the uninformed party makes the offer. When parties proceed to trial, their endogenous expenditures partially determine the outcome. The endogenous spending at trial can either strengthen or weaken the bargaining position of the uninformed party with the player types who settle. When the bargaining position is strengthened, some standard results on information transmission prior to trial may be overturned. The recipient of the offer with a weak case may make a costly voluntary disclosure. In addition, the party making the offer may refuse costless discovery. Both of these results contrast with the standard results in the literature derived from models in which spending at trial is treated as exogenous.'], a positive would be ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Pretrial Bargaining with Asymmetric Information and Endogenous Expenditure at Trial']

Oils from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seeds and berries have traditionally been used in the treatment of disorders of skin and mucosa in China. Compared with the negative control, oral administration of CO2-extracted seed and pulp oils, 7.0 ml · kg−1 · day−1 significantly reduced ulcer formation in water-immersion (P<0.05) and reserpine-induced (P<0.01) models in rats. In addition, administration of the two oils, 3.5 ml · kg−1· day−1, significantly reduced the index of pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer (P<0.05) and sped up the healing process of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer (P<0.01). The results suggested that the CO2-extracted sea buckthorn seed and pulp oils have both preventive and curative effects against experimental gastric ulcers in rats.


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Question: A novel joint optimization of downlink transmission using physical layer security in cooperative 5G wireless networks

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Privacy and perspective are attracting more and more attention from worldwide users, so security in wireless communication system has become popular in recent researches, especially the physical layer security in 5G systems. In this article, we discuss the physical layer security in 5G downlink transmission systems; we propose the joint optimization of subcarrier, power, and artificial noise to achieve the higher security rate, our proposed method could approach to the upper bound of the security rate rather than the other methods, respectively. Then, in the simulation part, we present the theoretical and system-level simulation, and the results indicate that our proposed method could effectively increase the security rate without losing the system transmission speed.

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An overview of space-time code construction based on cyclic division algebras (CDA) is presented. Applications of such space-time codes to the construction of codes optimal under the diversity-multiplexing gain (D-MG) tradeoff, to the construction of the so-called perfect space-time codes, to the construction of optimal space-time codes for the ARQ channel as well as to the construction of codes optimal for the cooperative relay network channel are discussed. We also present a construction of optimal codes based on CDA for a class of Orthogonal Amplify and Forward (OAF) protocols for the cooperative relay network.


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Question: Preparation and Characterization of Transparent Hydrophobic Nano-Boehmite Film

The transparent hydrophobic nano-Boehmite film was prepared using Sol-Gel processing. The hrdrophobicity of the film was obtained by surface modifying of PFPMA and fluoro-containing surfactant FC-922. The structure of the film was determined by XRD and the thermo analysis TG/DTA. The surface morphology of the films prepared were characterized by AFM, TEM, and SEM.

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Characterization of Linear Poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) and Cloud Points in its Aqueous Solutions


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Question: Relative stereochemistry of the A ring of plant bile pigments

The synthesis and characterization, including the stereochemistry, of a series of 3,4-dihydropyrromethenones and 2,3-dihydrodioxobilins are described. High-resolution /sup 1/H NMR spectral analysis allows the determination of the A ring coupling constants for a series of cis and trans model compounds. From these data and correlations, the relative stereochemistry in the A ring of phycocyanin and similar bile pigment structures can be concluded.

Structural and chemotaxonomical data as well as consideration of standard organic reaction mechanisms provided a coherent picture about the probable formation of the small but characteristic group of Melodinus alkaloids in the plant family Apocynaceae. All 14 alkaloids could be classified into the melodan skeleton and its rearranged version and derived from 18,19- didehydrotabersonine as parent compound.


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Question: ebXML in Practice: A Systematic Literature Review

represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title For example, ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Summary. We have developed an in vitro transcriptional assay using Escherichia coli RNA polymerase to initiate the replication of peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd). Regardless of the polarity of the PLMVd strand used as template, initiation in vitro occurred at the same hairpin structure. These initiation sites correspond to the 5′-ends of two small (280 nt) PLMVd-related RNAs found in infected peach leaves. Using a series of truncated PLMVd-derived transcripts, we have demonstrated that the viroid domain composed solely of the self-complementary hammerhead sequences is sufficient to trigger polymerase-driven replication in vitro. These data suggest that the bacterial-like RNA polymerase from peach chloroplasts catalyzes PLMVd replication.'] should be similar to ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Study of the polymerization step of the rolling circle replication of peach latent mosaic viroid']

In this paper, Electronic Business Extensible Markup Language (ebXML) standard and its architecture will be described. ebXML is a global standard for e-business and allows anyone in any place trading with anyone on the Internet. A systematic review of current research on ebXML will be given. At the end, business requirements of ebXML will be described and an answer to a research question will be given: In whichcountries is ebXML registry implemented outside the laboratory, and is used as such?

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Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase


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Question: A Hybrid Artificial Neural Network Model Used to Online Analyze the Heat Rate of Steam turbine System

A hybrid artificial neural network model used to analyze the heat rate and the sensitivity of thermal parameters on it is proposed. The modeling process involving a self organizing network can rearrange the original data into several classes that are used as the training patterns of the BP artificial neural network. The stability analysis shows that the output result is still stability when 5% random value is added to the input vectors. Therefore, the BP network has its excellent robustness. Figs5, table 1 and refs 4.

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Question: Tri- and tetrahydroxycoumarin derivatives from Tetraphis pellucida

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Abstract From gametophytes of Tetraphis pellucida have been isolated eight different tri- and tetrahydroxycoumarin derivatives; three of them are new natural products, the structures of which were elucidated spectroscopically. The taxonomic relevance of the results is discussed.

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Background/Aims: The effect of four secondary metabolites isolated from sponge Spongionella , gracilins H, A, L and tetrahydroaplysulphurin-1 on


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Question: An outlier detection/rejection method for single-trial EEG signals classification

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We address the key issue of the presence of outliers and artifacts inherently present in various electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. Indeed, in almost all brain-computer interface (BCI) systems, EEG signals may contain artifacts and noisy components frequently caused by improper imagination or by a loss of concentration during the imagination process. In this paper, a method is firstly proposed to detect the outliers from training and as a second step to reject those artifacts and outliers on the basis of training. In particular, the method proposed can operate for all kind of EEG signals contaminated by noise; in addition to remove the need of human expertise. Experimental results conducted on BCI competition 2003 dataset III show significant improvement of performance accuracy compared with the standard classification scheme.

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We have designed the fuzzy associative memory pattern classifier (FAMPC) using multi-input and multi-output fuzzy set. It is adaptive to recognition of heart rate variability (HRV) signal, validity proved by many experiments.


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Question: Service delivery reform within the Canadian public sector 1990‐2002

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine to what extent service delivery in the Canadian federal government actually improved after a decade of reform efforts, and how employee empowerment accounted for any improvements that arose.Design/methodology/approach – Five focus group interviews were conducted in 2002 with federal government employees involved in service delivery. Interview transcripts were content analyzed. The employee empowerment and service quality literatures, including critical perspectives, provide the theoretical underpinnings of the study.Findings – Productivity and service enhancement did materialize, but little empowerment occurred. Work intensification was revealed. The shortcomings of applying private sector‐style definitions of productivity to the public sector were identified.Research limitations/implications – Study findings have limited generalizability due to small sample size. Findings must be verified through additional research. Comparative findings from countries th...

IV TABLE OF CONTENTS VI LIST OF FIGURES X LIST OF TABLES X ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XI CONVENTIONS XIV LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XV CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 Aim and context 1 Key conceptual themes 3 Research design and questions 6 Theoretical frameworks 8 Data collection and analysis 9 Significance of this research 10 Structure of this thesis 11 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND 15 Introduction 15 Quality and standards in selected international higher education settings 16 Quality and standards in the Australian higher education setting 19 The Transforming Australia’s Higher Education System policy (2009) 22 Policy contestation and tensions in Australia between 2009-2013 27 Concluding discussion 34


Question: The Intellectual Autobiography of a Jungian Theologian

Part One: Tillich, Jung and the Mystics: The Road to the Double Quaternity The Turn to the Mystics and the Double Quaternity Part Two: The Psyche as Sacrament: A Comparative Study of C.G. Jung and Paul Tillich 1. The Apologetic Problem 2. The Psyche as Sacrament 3. God, the Union of Opposites, and the Trinity 4. Aspects of the Spirit Notes Glossary of Jungian Terms Index Part Three: Love, Celibacy and the Inner Marriage 1. Jung and the Coincidence of Opposites God, Universe and Individual 2. Love, Celibacy and the Inner Marriage: Jung and Mechtilde of Magdeburg 3. Jung's Understanding of Mysticism: Psychological, Theological and Philosophical Implications 4. Psyche and Theos: Jung and Tillich Reconsidered 5. Jung's Impact on Theology and Religious Studies 6. Of Human Faiths and Kidney Stones Notes Index.

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Book reviewed in this essay: ::: ::: Lane Ryo Hirabayashi, (ed.) Teaching Asian America: Diversity and the Problem of Community ::: ::: Ellen T. Charry, By the Renewing of Your Minds: The Pastoral Function of Christian Doctrine ::: ::: Lynne Celli Sarasin, Learning Style Perspectives: Impact in the Classroom


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Question: IDENTIFICATION OF VIRULENCE GENES IN CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI AND C. COLI ISOLATES BY PCR

Using the PCR technique, the presence of the seven genotypic virulence markers of Campylobacter has been tested. It was found that all C. coli (92 strains) and C. jejuni (105 strains) possessed the flaA and cadF markers. Several strains were positive for the CDT toxin genes (76.6%, 85.3%, and 83.2% strains with the A, B, and C cdt gene variants, respectively). On the other hand, only 66.0% and 20.8% isolates had the iam and virB genes.

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Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: The chemical reaction between ceria and fully stabilised zirconia

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Abstract (CeO 2 ) 1− x (8YSZ) x ( x =0–1.0) was synthesised by the standard solid state method, and sintered at 1600°C for 10 h. The phase compositions of the resultant systems were determined using Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction at temperatures up to 1100°C. Phase compositional information was correlated into a pseudo-phase diagram for this system. It was found that the two phases showed limited solubility in one another, and the solid solubility decreased with decreasing temperature. The cubic phase shifts from a ceria character to a stabilised-zirconia character with increase in percentage of YSZ.

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Acrolein was formed as a major product in the partial oxidation of propane using molecular oxygen over Ag-doped bismuth vanadomolybdate catalysts having a scheelite structure.


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Question: Trans-bis(dimethylglyoximato) cobalt(III) complexes containing imidazole and thiocyanate as axial ligands

Abstract Imidazole(Im), benzimidazole(BzIm), morpholine (Morph) and their derivatives react with Co(CNS) 2 and dimethylglyoxime(DH 2 ) in ethanolic medium in presence of air to form a number of new cobalt(III) complexes of the type trans -[Co(DH) 2 (L)(SCN)], which are characterised on the basis of electronic and IR spectra, NMR ( 1 H and 13 C) and mass spectra as well as thermogravimetric (TG-DTA) and conductance measurements. The thiocyanate groups are S-bonded. The NMR observations suggest that in solution these compounds exist as mixtures of the neutral species [Co(DH) 2 (L)(SCN)] and the salt [Co(DH) 2 (SCN) 2 ] − [Co(DH) 2 (L) 2 ] + . The mass spectra does not show the molecular ion peak of the complex. The TG-DTA measurements show that the thermolysis of these complexes proceeds through polymeric intermediates giving CO 3 O 4 as the end product.

Strongly oxidizing p-quinones such as tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone undergo stepwise oxidative addition reactions with copper(I) chloride and bromide in pyridine resulting in copper(II) p-semiquinone and dinuclear copper(II) 1,4-benzenediolate pyridine complexes.


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Question: Development of a new paresis scoring system for pre- and postoperative evaluation of facial paresis.

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Five years’ experience with the International Muscle Transplant Registry [1, 2] showed that the Stennert’s Scheme [3] and all the other paresis scoring systems are not able to represent the static and dynamic details of the face which are affected by facial paralysis or by surgical procedures for functional reconstruction. At that time, the International Muscle Transplant Registry included patients with facial paresis who were treated with free muscle transplantation. Analyzing 137 patients from six different countries, the description of the functional results by the improvement of the paresis scores was far too imprecise. The functional details of the different regions of the face treated by muscle transplantation were not sufficiently represented. Reorganizing the International Registry, we included three-dimensional measurements of facial movements for functional assessment.

AbstractBackground and purpose: To strengthen the understanding, increase the early diagnostic rate, and improve the outcome of unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy through the analysis of the 121 pat...


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Question: Partnership Strategies of Community Health Centers: Building Capacity in Good Times and Bad.

Federally Qualified Health Centers--commonly referred to as Community Health Centers (CHCs)--serve as critical safety net providers for those who are uninsured or who may become uninsured. This policy brief reports the findings from the Remaining Uninsured Access to Community Health Centers (REACH) research project, which sought to identify the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on the ability of CHCs to serve the remaining uninsured. We examined strategies undertaken by CHCs in four states to reinforce the local safety net through partnerships, improvements to the local health system, and advocacy. With the uncertainties about whether Medicaid expansion will be continued or will be handed over to the states with limited oversight, partnerships both among CHCs and between CHCs and others in the health care system and beyond may become even more important.

Contents Preface * Health Care for the Aged: The Pursuit of Equity and Comprehensiveness * Health Economics, Old-Age Politics, and the Catastrophic Medicare Debate * Hospital-Based Long-Term Care Services for the Frail Elderly * Utilizing Client Experience in Developing New Service Delivery Models for Care of the Aged * Models of Intensive Case Management * Community-Based Long Term Care: The Experience of the Living at Home Programs * Integrating the Frail and Well Elderly: The Experience of Senior Centers * Discharge Planning: The Impact of Medicare's Prospective Payment on Elderly Patients * Adult Day Care Services for the Elderly and Their Families: Lessons From the Pennsylvania Experience * Reference Notes Included


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Question: On-line handwriting signature verification based on curve similarity

A new curve similarity calculation model is presented for online signature verification.Considering online signature trajectory data as a plane curve,a curve similarity model is built based on the similarity definition,similarity transformation and curve similarity distance.The comparison signature curve is re-sampled according to the effective point number of the reference one.In the calculation of curve similarity,the sectional matching is applied.In the range of each comparison curve interval to match,the sectional curve similarity distance is calculated by the genetic algorithm.The optimal sectional matching is found in the corresponding section of the reference curve.Then the sectional similarity distance is obtained and the estimate sectional similarity score is calculated.The mean of all similarity scores is defined as the curve similarity measure.The proposed algorithm is tested,and the equal error rates are 10.92%and 2.89%for SVC2004Task1and SUSIG Blind databases,respectively.

The growing popularity of tablet PCs and intelligent pen-centric computing have increased the importance of freehand sketch recognition algorithms. This paper shall investigate the use of information fusion technique with Support Vector Machines (SVMs) chain for modeling and understanding the spatial and temporal information of sketch sequences. The approach for sketch recognition lies in the proposed dynamic and probabilistic framework based on combining SVMs-chain by the spatial and geometric features for systematically modeling the dynamic and stochastic behaviors of sketch.


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Question: Cultivation of Talents of Competitive Intelligence in University Libraries

Competitive intelligence service provides an important opportunity to raise the service of university libraries that is good for its sustainable development,decision-making,cultivation of the faculty and career guidance services on campus.There are possibilities and advantages for university librarians to carry out competitive intelligence service,therefore such talents from the librarians can be discovered in various ways so as to build up a high quality intelligence team rapidly for the further development of university libraries.

Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: Towards a countertopography of intimate war: contouring violence and resistance in a South Sudanese diaspora

AbstractRecent feminist geographic scholarship insists we rethink domestic violence as ‘intimate war’. Using this concept I analyze narratives of violence and resistance articulated by U.S.-resettled South Sudanese women and collected in the wake of a fatal incidence of domestic violence in 2005. One of a spate of intimate partner murders that shook the community at this time, this tragic event spurred debates about shifting gender norms, the stresses and opportunities of life in the diaspora, and the irradicable legacies of war. Bringing Pain and Staeheli's ‘intimacy-geopolitics’ to bear on this particularly violent, momentary and publicized aggression, I situate it within a more complex, quotidian, and dynamic terrain of power. In line with feminist political geography, this analysis complicates scalar distinctions of body, home and nation-state, demonstrating the common foundations of ‘private’, domestic and ‘public’, state-sanctioned violences. Inspired by Katz’s countertopographical approach, I exten...

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ABSTRACT This paper presents the concept of autogenous cultural practices as a political form that is neither a subject of state practices, nor a means of resistive anti-state force. Through a study of three participatory art projects carried out by the author, this paper examines how and if autogenous culture can be presented and more importantly effect societal change. These projects were carried out in a governmental disciplinary facility, a local non-governmental organization supporting sex workers and an independent art project with three young women who were graduates of the Normal Technical stream in Singapore respectively.


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Question: METRIC REGULARITY OF COMPOSITE MULTIFUNCTIONS IN BANACH SPACES

We consider metric regularity of composite multifucntions and establish an inequality on the moduli of metric regularity. Refining the original proofs of the Robinson-Ursescu theorem and Lyusternik-Graves theorem, we give an unified analysis for these two theorems, applicable to the composite of a closed convex multifunction and a continuous function.

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SEVERAL ASPECTS, BOTH PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL, OF THE WAY TO OBTAIN INTEGRAL AND INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SUSPENSION BRIDGE PROBLEMS ARE ANALYSED. BOTH THE CASE OF EQUAL LOADING ON THE CABLES AND TORSION EFFECTS ARE DEALT WITH, EMPHASIZING THE CONVENIENCE OF THE APPROACH FOR DIGITAL COMPUTER CALCULATION. APPLICATION IS MADE TO THE CASE OF A SUSPENSION BRIDGE WITH A CONSTANT OR VARIABLE RIGIDITY STIFFENING TRUSS. /RRL/A/


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Question: Alienability as control: The case of Daakaka

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The alienability distinction has long been recognized as one of the major factors driving differential marking of possession across languages. But opinions are divided on its exact nature. I will bring evidence from the Oceanic language Daakaka to support the hypotheses that the alienability distinction is not a lexical property of nouns but a property of possessive relations: speakers can choose between different constructions depending on the relation between the possessor and the possessed that they wish to express. Secondly, lexically non-relational nouns can be transitivized to express inalienable relations. And thirdly, the basic semantic notion behind alienable possession is control.

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I) Some questions on method and object a) The object b) Method and limits II) A splendid isolation III) The birth of a revolution New status and infrastructure Beachheads The Bibliotheque nationale New Developments Aesthetics IV) Towards a temporary evaluation


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Question: Transmission of digital chaotic and information-bearing signals in optical communication systems

A new proposal to have secure communications in a system is reported. The basis is the use of a synchronized digital chaotic systems, sending the information signal added to an initial chaos. The received signal is analyzed by another chaos generator located at the receiver and, by a logic boolean function of the chaotic and the received signals, the original information is recovered. One of the most important facts of this system is that the bandwidth needed by the system remain the same with and without chaos.

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Results from the branch of statistics known as extreme value theory are applied to the problem of calculating the probability of occurrence of large peaks in the signals produced by communication systems employing multichannel angle modulation. Results are obtained in the specific case of digital audio broadcasting (DAB), and a scheme for reducing the probability of large peaks is briefly discussed.


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Question: Library is the System of Improving the Value of Document Information

Library is the system of improving the value of document information. The character of improving the value of document information is the essential character of library.

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Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Measuring the competitiveness of Latvian companies

This study makes an empirical contribution by exploring factors that contribute to the competitiveness of Latvian companies. The paper draws on a survey of owner-managers to determine the availability and use of resources and strategies found to be important drivers for firms’ competitiveness. Overall, we identify a number of firm-level factors, including involvement in risk-taking behaviour, more extensive use of networking channels, and efficient use of various business strategies as potential sources to increase the competitiveness of Latvian companies. Company owner-managers, however, tend to be more productive in using available human resources, and are satisfied with the availability of physical resources in addition to having a strong export orientation. The study also indicates various shortcomings in the external environment which, as perceived by respondents, are a burden for competitive entrepreneurship activities in the Latvian market. In this light, albeit of an exploratory nature, this study...

Responses sought to student research survey about understanding of and attitudes towards sustainable development at Leeds


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Question: Highly-sensitive chemical detection in the infrared regime using plasmonic gold nanocrosses

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In this work, we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of gold nanocrosses for chemosensing purposes. The nanocrosses are designed to exhibit a localized surface plasmon resonance which is very sensitive to refractive index changes in the surrounding medium, resulting in sensitivity values of around 500–700 nm per refractive index unit at wavelengths around 1.4 μm. We experimentally demonstrate the functionalization of the gold nanocrosses and the successful sensing of chemical monolayers.

Dispersion control and active materials integration have yielded plasmonic components including i) three-dimensional single layer plasmonic metamaterials ii) all-optical, electro-optic and field effect modulation of plasmon propagation iii) plasmon-enhanced absorption in solar cells.


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Question: Scalable synthesis of A2S3 (A=Sb, Bi) submicro/nanowires using their powders via solvothermal proceeding

Single-crystal A2S3 (A=Sb, Bi) nanowires were successfully prepared via using their powders as precursors by solvothermal proceeding. The reaction temperature and time as well as solvent strongly influence final A2S3 crystalline morphology and size. Experimental results show that Sb2S3 rods prepared in ethylene glycol are thicker than its wires with average diameter of 400 nm prepared in the mixture solvent of ethylene glycol and ethylenediamine at 200 °C for 24 h. However, under the same reaction condition, uniform submicrowires of Bi2S3 with average diameter of 150 nm can be obtained. When reaction temperature is decreased to 150 °C and reaction time is 40 h, pure Sb2S3 wires cannot be prepared. The possible mechanism is briefly discussed for the transformation of the Sb2S3 powders to their wire-like crystals.

The thermal decomposition products of ionic liquids based on n-dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC) were used for the preparation of the metastable allotrope Ge(cF136) by oxidation of Na12Ge17 in gas-solid reactions. This method of preparation provides a promising low-temperature route for the synthesis of intermetallic phases and elemental modifications. In order to explore the reaction mechanism, we investigated the thermal decomposition of DTAC as well as of the ionic liquids DTAC/MgCl2 and DTAC/AlCl3 by in-situ mass spectrometry and by powder X-ray diffraction. The results have revealed HCl, CH3Cl and 1-chlorododecane to act as oxidizing agents in the gas-solid redox reactions. Graphical Abstract Application of n-Dodecyltrimethylammonium Chloride for the Oxidation of Intermetallic Phases


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Question: Ethical dilemmas in individual and collective rights‐based approaches to tertiary education scholarships: the cases of Canada and Cuba

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One of the ongoing debates in Canadian higher education is the dilemma of the brain drain and the seemingly conflicting goals between the strategies and intentions of various government departments. While Citizenship and Immigration Canada aims to recruit the brightest students from across the globe to study in Canada and to enable their long‐term stay as permanent residents and ultimately as citizens, the Canadian International Development Agency is mandated to strengthen human capacity in developing countries. This paper provides a critical analysis of the brain drain problem by juxtaposing Canadian policies with Cuban policies as manifested in the two countries’ divergent approaches to international students and tertiary education scholarships for students from poorer countries. Following an overview of the existing scholarship programmes in both countries, ethical and philosophical considerations are examined that appear to underlie the two countries’ individual‐rights‐based and collective‐rights‐base...

From a policy, practice, and theoretical perspective, this article promotes the use of the nonprofit to lessen the financial burden on government in advancing the wellbeing of the general public. T...


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Question: Intensity distribution in the focal plane of a lens illuminated by Fresnel diffraction of a singular beam; Effect of spherical aberration and defocusing

Fresnel diffraction of a vortex infected beam (singular beam) is focused using a lens suffering from spherical aberration and defocusing. The resulting intensity distribution in the focal plane of the lens has been plotted and its features discussed for two values of the topological charge of the vortex and for three values of the Fresnel number.

Based on the paraxial vectorial theory of the propagation of beam in uniaxially anisotropic media,the analytical propagation function of circular flattened Gaussian beams in uniaxially anisotropic crystal is derived.And some numerical simulations are preformed to study the effect of the anisotropy on the polarization properties of the diffracted circular flattened Gaussian beams in the output plane.The results show that the linear polarization state and symmetry of beam cannot remain the same during propagation due to the anisotropy of crystals.


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Question: Light Fidelity(LiFi) as an Alternative Data Transmission Medium in VANET

Data dissemination is the core of the Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs). Current media through which information is disseminated in the vehicular environment pose number of challenges. Some of these challenges include bandwidth and data latency. In the light of these challenges, this paper presents a review on current data dissemination technologies and their associated problems. The paper goesfurther to propose the adoption of Light Fidelity(LiFi), whichis an emerging data dissemination technology, as an alternative medium through which data can be disseminated in thevehicular environment.

Part 1: Application Mapping and Communication Infrastructure: Virtualization in NOCs--Enhanced MPSOC Robustness and Performance Verification.-HW Support to Exploit Parallelism in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Multicore System-on-Chip.-PALLAS: Mapping Applications onto Manycore.-Part 2: Reconfigurable Hardware in Multiprocessor Systems: Adaptive Multiprocessor System on Chip Architecture.-Designing FPGA Systems with Many Processors.-Part 3: Physical Design of Multiprocessor Systems: Design tools and methods for chip physical design.-Challenges in Physical Design for Multi- and Manycore Hardware Architectures.


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Question: Practice and Reflections of Teaching Model in Information Technology Education at Mongolian Middle and Primary Schools in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

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Information technology education conducted by using the Mongolian language for ethnic minority students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is unique with characteristics in terms of ethnic language and culture,way of thinking and local education conditions.Based on the writer's research project,"A study of teaching model in information technology education in Mongolian middle and primary schools in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region"(a key project in the 10th Five Year Plan on National Education Science),the writer summarizes and reflects the teaching model practiced at Mongolian middle and primary schools.

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: Facile synthesis of 2-(2-aminobenzoyl)benzoic acids via a base-promoted aerobic cascade reaction

A novel strategy for the regiospecific synthesis of 2-(2-aminobenzoyl)benzoic acids via a base-promoted aerobic cascade reaction has been exploited. The protocol led to a wide panel of 2-(2-aminobenzoyl)benzoic acids with a broad substrate scope in an atom-economical manner. Six new bonds were sequentially formed in this one-pot procedure.

The preparation of the unnatural bicyclic alpha-amino acids 7 and 8 is described along with their utility as chiral ligands in the copper-catalyzed enantioselective allylic oxidation of cylohexene ...