Question: Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about

Question: A Magnetic Coupling Dipole for UHF Near-Field RFID Reader

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title

For example, '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Taking the water temperature of lakes and reservoirs as the research object,a lake water temperature calculation model was built.The correctness of the calculation model was validated by comparing the model results with measured data.The variation and influencing factors of the water temperature of lakes and reservoirs in Changsha area were studied with the model.The load capacity of heat and cool supply of lakes and reservoirs were calculated,and the influencing factors of the load capacity of the heat and cool supply were analyzed.The results can provide references for the design of water source heat pump system using lakes and reservoirs as the heat source.']' should be close to '['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'Study on the Variation and Influencing Factors of Water Temperature of Lakes and Reservoirs in Changsha Area']'

In this paper, a novel printed-folded dipole for ultra-high frequency (UHF) near-field (NF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader using magnetic coupling is proposed. The strong and uniform magnetic field is excited by two opposite-directed currents (ODCs). The folded dipole is printed on an FR-4 substrate with the scale 32 cm × 20 cm. The bandwidth of the antenna ranges from 826 to 853 MHz. When the transmit power of the proposed antenna is 17 dBm, the reading area can be managed to 35.3 × 24 cm2 on the surface for Impinj F43 tag, and the reading distance is around 5 mm. For the case of ceramics ISO1800-6-C tag, and at the same time, the reading area increases to 58 × 42 cm2, and the reading distance is around 77 mm at the center of the antenna. Both simulations and measurements show that the proposed antenna can provide a broad reading area with a very low transmit power of 17 dBm.

OAK B204 Novel Glassy Nematic Liquid Crystals for Non-destructive Rewritable Optical Memory and Photonic Switching


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Question: Seasonal change of nest survival and related aspects in an aggregation ofLasioglossum duplex (Dalla torre), a eusocial halictine bee (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)

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Nest survival in an aggregation of a eusocial halictine bee,Lasioglossum duplex, was censused through an annual cycle. Out of 2,500 nests marked at the beginning of solitary phase in the spring, only 25.5% attained eusocial phase. But 60.5% of 636 nests attaining eusocial phase successfully produced sexual offspring. This shows that solitary phase is the most vulnerable period in the annual cycle.

Bursaphelenchus species are mostly known as phoretic associates of bark beetles (Scolytidae), weevils (Curculionidae) and longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), but a few other insects are known as vectors and there are several species that have not yet been linked to a host. During a 2-year field survey of soil-dwelling bees from several geographical regions in Turkey, a mycophagous species of Bursaphelenchus was recovered and cultured from an adult female of Halictus brunnescens Eversmann from Ankara, Turkey. Sixty entomophilic dauer juveniles were observed in the poison sac of this bee. Halictus brunnescens is a member of the subgenus Halictus Latreille which is widely distributed in the Palaearctic region and


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Question: An assessment of the need for vaccination amongst junior medical staff.

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This study was set up to determine the susceptibility of junior medical staff to communicable infectious diseases. Thirteen female and 39 male staff were investigated. Antibodies to morbilli, varicella zoster, toxoplasma, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B, mumps and rubella were determined. Hepatitis B surface antigen tests were also carried out. Twelve males were susceptible to mumps and 10 were subsequently vaccinated. No side effects were noted. Three of five females susceptible to rubella requested vaccination and all showed an antibody response without early or delayed side effects. The desirability of offering vaccinations to susceptible adult staff is discussed.

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Last week, Edwards (1998) examined the use of occupational standards in developing the surgical assistant's role. In this article the author describes the preliminary findings from a separate study to assess competency in professional development programmes.


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Question: A Rare Case of Aortic Valve Myxoma: Easy to Confuse With Papillary Fibroelastoma

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Myxoma of the aortic valve is an exceedingly uncommon condition. In this article, we report the case of a 72-year-old man with myxoma arising from the aortic valve. We extirpated the mass and repaired the aortic valve with the patient under cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful. Histological examination confirmed that the mass was a myxoma.

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Provided: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Digital content and online media have reached an unprecedented level of relevance and importance. In the context of a research and technology transfer project on Digital Curation Technologies for online content we develop a Semantic Storytelling prototype. The approach is based on the semantic analysis of document collections, in which, among others, individual analysis results are, if possible, mapped to external knowledge bases. We interlink key information contained in the documents of the collection, which can be essentially conceptualised as automatic hypertext generation. With this semantic layer on top of the set of documents in place, we attempt to identify interesting, surprising, eye-opening relationships between different concepts or entities mentioned in the document collection. In this article we concentrate on the current state of the user interfaces of our Semantic Storytelling prototype.']" Match: "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'Towards User Interfaces for Semantic Storytelling']"

1. Cardiovascular Status 2. Cardiovascular Syndromes 3. Specific Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances 4. Delivery of Cardiac Care


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Question: Large-scale and long-term co-design of digital health

This forum is dedicated to personal health in all its many facets: decision making, goal setting, celebration, discovery, reflection, and coordination, among others. We look at innovations in interactive technologies and how they help address current critical healthcare challenges. --- Yunan Chen, Editor

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In this chapter learning, evolution and the structural change of multi agent systems are investigated using actual examples of social and economic systems.


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Question: Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Contraception is primarily used to prevent pregnancy. However, a user should be aware of both the possible non-contraceptive benefits she/he may experience and any potential risks to her/his health. These issues should be discussed as fully as possible, using

1. Introduction 2. Pulmonology 3. Cardiology 4. Cardiopulmonary Pathology 5. Pharmacology 6. Cardiopulmonary Assessment 7. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Interventions 8. Pediatrics 9. Laboratory Medicine Appendix 1 Glossary Index


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Question: Nonvolatile memory device and method for fabricating the same

Provided are a nonvolatile memory device and a method for fabricating the same. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the nonvolatile memory device includes a plurality of channel connection layers formed on a substrate; a first gate electrode layer burying a space between the channel connection layers; a gate insulting layer formed between the channel connection and the first gate electrode layer; a lamination structure formed on the channel connection layer and the first gate electrode and alternately laminating interlayer dielectrics and second gate electrode layers; a pair of channel layers penetrating the lamination structure to be connected to the channel connection layers, respectively; and a memory layer formed between the channel layers and the second gate electrode layers.

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The provided query could be "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was estimated in 70 former delinquent boys and 40 controls now aged 38–46 years. Platelet MAO activity was compared with their early criminal behaviour (before the age of 15) and their late registered criminality from the age of 15). Mean platelet MAO activity in subjects with both early and late criminality was significantly lower than that in former delinquents without late criminality. There was no significant difference in mean platelet MAO activity between controls and delinquents with early but no late criminality. When delinquents with early criminality were divided into a low and a high MAO group, the relative risk to be registered for late criminality was about 3.1 times higher for the subjects in the low MAO group. Thus, individuals with low platelet MAO activity run an increased risk of continued criminal behaviour.']" and the positive "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract:', 'Criminality and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in former juvenile delinquents as adults']"

A strained silicon-on-insulator structure and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. In accordance with the present invention, an insulating substrate, SiO


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Question: Dialectics in the Contemporary World

The Twenty-seventh Congress of the CPSU has set the course to guide the present development of our society and determine its short- and long-term prospects. The Congress took place at a watershed in the development of the country and the contemporary world as a whole. It generalized the accumulated domestic and international experience in socialist construction, formulated a strategy to achieve the triumph of the ideals of communism, peace, and progress, made a creative contribution to the development of Marxist-Leninist theory, and formulated a complex of problems to be resolved by social scientists and philosophers. Prior to the Congress, the journal published a series of articles analyzing advances made by Soviet scholars over the previous five years in the main avenues of phibsophy-dialectical and historical materialism, socio-philosophical problems in the development of socialism, philosophical problems in the natural sciences, the problems of scientijk-technological and social progress, culture and ...

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Introduction: The Play of Musement, and the Musement of Play The Dynamics of Play The Pragmatics of Play The Futuristics of Play Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: A Study on Trade Area Analysis with the Use of Modified Probability Model

Purpose - This study aims to develop correspondence strategies to the environment change in domestic retail store types. Recently, new types of...

Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: COMBAT SYSTEM INDUSTRIAL TESTING: MEASUREMENT OF SUCCESS

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This is an overview of the combat system test and certification (CST&C) program as a subset of the total ship test program (TSTP) for active fleet surface ships. The paper will discuss how the T&C program measures not only the suitability of repairs and modifications done during a ship's combat system industrial availability in a public or private yard period, but also the impact that successful program conduct has on the materiel effectiveness throughout a ship's operational cycle. The CST&C management organization and responsibilities, including NAVSEA's master ordnance repair program as well as combat system code 190's relationship to the CST&C program and the impact of pre- and post-industrial testing requirements on the actual conduct of industrial testing will be addressed.

APPLICATION TO SHORT SEA OPERATIONS SERVING TWO PORTS FIG. 3. FLOW CHART FOR BALLASTING SYSTEM DURING LOADING OPERATION. -- FIG. 4. OPERATIONAL OUTPUT FOR 20 ROUND TRIPS REPRESENTED AS HISTOGRAMS AND ECONOMIC OUTPUT


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Question: Teaching Bioethics: The Tale of a “Soft” Science in a Hard World

Background: Although bioethics is considered essential to the practice of medicine, medical students often view it as a “soft” subject that is secondary in importance to the other courses in their basic science and clinical curriculum. This perspective may be a consequence of the heavy reliance on students’ aptitude in the quantitative sciences as a criterion for entry into medical school and as a barometer of academic success after admission. It is exacerbated by the widespread impression that bioethics is imprecise and culturally relativistic. Summary: In an effort to redress this imbalance, we propose an approach to teaching bioethics to medical students which emphasizes that the intellectual basis and the degree of certainty of knowledge is comparable in all medical subjects ranging from basic science courses to clinical rotations to bioethics tutorials. Conclusions: Adopting these pedagogical steps may promote greater integration of the various elements—bioethics and clinical science—in the medical s...

Introduction Innocence Lost Family Matters In the Gym and Boardroom Higher Learning Coming to America Something Old, Something New Bibliography Index


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Question: Banks Digitalization - A Challenge for the Romanian Banking Sector

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Abstract The banking system has undergone several transformations since its beginning up to now, some as a result of adapting to customers’ requirements that have become increasingly sophisticated, and others as a result of the economic and political contexts that have passed, which again – have required its adaptation. Regardless of the situation, the banks have undergone a large digitization process, a process that is now in progress and which in the coming years can cause a significant change in the banking we knew about 10-15 years ago. Through this paper, I propose to analyse the situation of the banking system in terms of adapting to these challenges, at the level of Romania, in the context of the current situation at global and European level, in order to highlight both the progress achieved and the gap in comparison to the other countries, much more competitive from this perspective.

Introduction Problems and Prospects of Preventing Conflict of Interest in Local Governments in the CEE Countries Chapter 1 The Bulgarian Experience with Building a Framework for the Prevention of Conflict of Interest Situations in Local Governments Chapter 2 The Progress of Regulation of Conflict of Interest in Local Government in Latvia Chapter 3 Difficulties with Implementation of Conflict of Interest Regulation in Polish Local Government Chapter 4 New Ways of Managing Conflict of Interest Problems in Romania Chapter 5 Conflict of Interest in Russian Local Government: Challenges for New Legislation Chapter 6 Waiting for a Conflict of Interest Constitutional Law in Slovakia Index


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Question: Bacterial Mutagenesis and Cell Transformation Assays of Pyrvinium Pamoate (Povan), An Antiparasitic Agent

Mutagenicity of pyrvinium pamoate formulations was determined in various Salmonella typhimurium strains in a well test and plate incorporation assays in the presence and absence of liver homogenate (S9) from Aroclor-1254-induced rats or from normal human liver. Strains TA98 and TA100 were reverted to histidine independence by bulk pyrvinium pamoate over a concentration range of 500 to 2500 μg/plate, particularly in the presence of rat S9. Purified pyrvinium pamoate was mutagenic over a concentration range of 5.0 to 25 μg/plate in the presence of both rat and human liver S9. Urine concentrates from human subjects given 10 mg/kg and mice given drug up to 100 mg/kg were not significantly mutagenic even after S9 activation and/or β-glucuronidase-sulfatase treatment. These results confirm earlier observations of mutagenic activity in Salmonella, but, unlike several antiparasitic agents, mutagenic metabolites do not appear in urine. In vitro mouse cell (C3H10T1/2) transformation assays of pyrvinium pamoate were...

This account relates our quest for effective syntheses of 3-acyltetramic acids and also presents examples of our group’s increasing audacity to tackle the more intricate structural varieties of this compound class. 1 Introduction 2 A New Wittig-Based Access to Tetramic Acids 3 3-Acyltetramic Acids with Linear Side Chains 4 3-Decalinoyltetramic Acids 5 O - and N -Glycosylated 3-Acyltetramic Acids 6 Macrocyclic 3-Acyltetramic Acids 7 Miscellaneous Reactions 8 Whither to go from Here?


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Question: Reaction of the anionic acetylation agent methyl acetyl phosphate with D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase.

Methyl acetyl phosphate is a competitive inhibitor of the reduction of acetoacetate by D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. The material also irreversibly inactivates the enzyme. The kinetics of the inactivation are consistent with methyl acetyl phosphate acetylating the conjugate base of a hydrogen bond donor. Protection offered by a substrate analogue (methyl acetonylphosphonate) in the presence of coenzyme implicates reaction at the cationic active site. Reversible protection by the amino group reagent 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride suggests that methyl acetyl phosphate reacts with an amino group. Sulfhydryl reagents and acetyl phosphate, a poorer acetylating agent, do not inactivate the enzyme. The pH dependence of the inactivation suggests that the acetylation occurs at a site that has a pKa of 8.2. The utility of methyl acetyl phosphate and other acyl phosphate monoesters in reacting with lysines adjacent to cationic sites of enzymes, hemoglobin, and histones is noted.

Abstract Treatment of TMS ethers of 1-alkenyl-1-cycloalkanols with thallium trifluoro acetate in acetonitrile affords the ring expanded α-exo-methylenecycloalkanones.


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Question: Optimal Location of Small Hydro Power Plants (SHPPS) at Distribution System by Using Voltage Sensitivity Index

This work presents a method to enhance the distribution network for both test and real systems by adding small hydro power plants (SHPPS). The voltage sensitivity index (VSI) was used to find the optimal locations to add small hydro power plants (SHPPS). The study has been applied to the system at unity and 0.9 lagging power factor. The test system is a standard IEEE 33-nodes radial distribution network. Maltab program was used to simulate the systems. The simulation results when connecting the (SHPPS) to the test system showed the improvement in voltage profile of the test system nodes in addition to power losses reduction. The reductions of the real and reactive power losses percentage reached (36%) and (14%) at unity power factor respectively, while at (0.9) lagging power factor, the reduction of the real and reactive power losses percentage were found (53%) and (56%) respectively.

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'We study a problem of interacting fractional charges with $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_3$ Ising model on a checkerboard lattice under magnetic field. As a result of the interplay between repulsive interactions and particle density tuning by magnetic field, the fractional charges form a classical spin liquid (CSL) phase. The CSL phase is composed of degenerate spin configurations, which can be mapped to the trimer covering of dual square lattice. The CSL state shows macroscopic ground-state entropy, implying the emergence of novel quantum spin liquid phase when quantum fluctuations are turned on. In addition to the CSL phase, the system exhibits multiple magnetization plateaus, reflecting the fertile screening processes of dimer-monomer mixtures.']>>  to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Trimer classical spin liquid from interacting fractional charges']"


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The provided query could be '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'NASA Ames Fire Department Aircraft Firefighting To Conduct Training']' and the positive '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The fire department of NASA’s Ames Research Center will be performing proficiency training at Moffett Federal Airfield on Oct. 8, 10 and 12, 2015.']' and the negative '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Abstract : Contents: Army Aviation Refresher Training School; Postal and Banking Privileges for US Civilians; Crash Damage Parts for Analysis; Shortage of Qualified Aircraft Armament Personnel; Late Receipt of Aircraft Armament Test Equipment; Retrograde of Aircraft; Review of Southeast Asia Retrofit/Modification Program; General Support Avionics Units in Vietnam; Civilianization Program; Theater Aircraft Reparables Program; Use of SAAM Flights for Retrograde of Aircraft Reparable Components; Stove pipe; Push Package Concept; 95 Day RO(Requisitioning Objective); AMMC/NICP Due-In/Due-Out Reconciliation; Project Oasis; and AMMC Computer Requirements.']'

Question: A stereoselective synthesis of 3-substituted (S)-pyroglutamic and glutamic acids via OBO ester derivatives

Abstract ( S )-Pyroglutamic acid is transformed to the Cbz-protected 4-methyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2] octane (OBO) ester. This ortho ester functionality is employed as a bulky steering group for stereoselective introduction of alkyl and aryl groups via 1,4-cuprate addition to 3,4-unsaturated pyroglutamates. After deprotection and ringopening, 3-substituted glutamic acids are obtained.

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title For example, '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Using fruit and vegetable pathogen Botryis cinerea as tested fungi, this research studied on the effects of mytilus edulis enzymatic hydrolysates with trypsin, pepsin, flavory protease and bromelin against Botryis cinerea in vitro, which was determined by 96-well microtiter plates incubation method. The hydrolysis conditions of the trypsin was also investigated by orthogonal test. The result indicated that the inhibition rate of trypsin hydrolysates was 38.4%, 19.5% and 18.2% higher than pepsin, flavory protease and bromelin hydrolysates, respectively. The results show that the optimal hydrolysis conditions of trypsin was 55℃, pH 8.5, enzyme dosage 300U/g , time 2h and substrate concentration(w/v)1∶1.']' should be close to '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Studies on the enzymatic hydrolysates antimicrobial activity of Mytilus edulis and optimal parameters of hydrolysis']'

Synthesis of the alkaloids, (±)-cherylline (1) and (±)-latifine (2), was accomplished by application of an isocyanate cyclization reaction according to Tsuda's two step procedure for constructing 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinol-l-one and a regioselective cleavage reaction of aromatic methyl ethers with dimethyl sulfide in methanesulfonic acid.


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Question: An Addition to Backpropagation for Computing Functional Roots

Many processes are composed of a n-fold repetition ofsome simpler process. If the whole process can be modeledwith a neural network, we present a method to derivea model of the basic process, too, thus performing notonly a system-identification but also a decompositioninto basic blocks. Mathematically this is equivalent to theproblem of computing iterative or functional roots: Giventhe equation F(x)=f(f(x)) and an arbitrary function F(x)we seek a solution for f(x). A special topology of multilayerperceptrons and a simple addition to the delta ruleof backpropagation will allow most NN tools to computegood approximations. Applications range from data analysiswithin chaos theory to the optimization of industrialprocesses, where production lines like steel mills oftenconsist of several identical machines in a row.

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Foreword - Philip K. Maini List of Figures List of Notation Introduction and Outline On the Origin of Patterns Mathematical Modeling of Biological Pattern Formation Cellular Automata Random Movement Growth Processes Adhesive Cell Interaction Alignment and Cellular Swarming Pigment Cell Pattern Formation Tissue and Tumor Development Turing Patterns and Excitable Media Discussion and Outlook Appendix A. Growth Processes: A Mean-Field Equation Appendix B. Turing Patterns Appendix C. Excitable Media: Complete Interaction Rule Appendix D. Isotropy, Lattices, and Tensors References Index


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Question: Toll-like Receptors and Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,but the precisely pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has not been clarified now.Immune mechanisms,including innate immunity and acquired immunity,play important roles in the process of atherosclerosis.The family of toll-like receptors(TLRs)initiates an innate immune response,and toll-like recepto 4(TLR4)is considered to be an important player in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic disease.This review will discuss the structure,distribution,ligand identification of TLR4 and particularly the association of TLR4 and atherosclerosis.

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1. Cardiovascular Status 2. Cardiovascular Syndromes 3. Specific Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances 4. Delivery of Cardiac Care


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Question: Multi-step methods for random ODEs driven by Itô diffusions

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Linear multi-step methods are derived for random ordinary differential equations (RODEs) driven by the solutions of Ito stochastic differential equations (SODEs) via strong Ito-Taylor schemes for SODEs. Due to the special structure of the RODE-SODE pair it is not necessary to restrict the intensity of the noise. Pathwise convergence is established as well as the B-stability of implicit multi-step methods. Numerical comparisons are provided for explicit schemes applied to a low dimensional RODE and implicit schemes applied to a high dimensional RODE obtained with the method of lines by spatially discretizing a random partial differential equation with finite difference quotients.

We establish large deviation estimates for the optimal filter where the observation process is corrupted by a fractional Brownian motion. The observation process is transformed to an equivalent model which is driven by a standard Brownian motion. The large deviations in turn are established by proving qualitative properties of perturbations of the equivalent observation process.


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Question: Asymptotic tracking control of 4WS vehicles based on virtual points

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This paper considers the lateral and longitudinal path tracking control of four-wheel steering vehicles. By introducing the virtual points, a robust adaptive path tracking control strategy is proposed to simultaneously counteract modeling uncertainties, unexpected disturbances, and coupling effects. An adaptive model-based feedforward adaptive term and the robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) feedback term are used to yield an asymptotic tracking result, which improve the tracking performance and reduce the control effort. The stability of closed-loop system is analyzed using a Lyapunov method. Simulation results are included to illustrate the proposed control scheme.

A backstepping nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control with the extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for the uncertain factors of nonlinear spinning missile. Based on Lyapunov stability...


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Question: Pain, politics and volunteering in tourism studies

This paper is an ethnography of how six Australian volunteers experience a house-build project in the Philippines. Contingencies of empathic pain arising from the living conditions of those they aimed to help were felt through their bodies. Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s ideas on pain enabled us to explore the politics of volunteer tourism. We suggest the intensification of volunteers’ empathic pain constitute ambivalent spaces. In some volunteering contingencies, pain led to a blurring of conventional boundaries of ’them’ and ’us’, giving priority to difference over dominance. In others, volunteers reproduced dominant understandings of volunteering that mobilised neoliberal and colonial discourses. We conclude by encouraging other tourism scholars to think politically about pain.

In this article, brought to you in association with Help the Aged, Alan Burnett examines the causes of fear of crime among older people, and proposes ways to reduce it.


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Question: Substrate temperature control for improving the uniformity of the Cd

A plasma etching system includes a substrate support assembly having a plurality of heater areas independently controllable. Plasma etching system, to be compensated for non-uniformity of the pre-etch and / or post etch critical device parameters, configured to control the etching temperature at a predetermined position.

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Copper is widely used because it is inexpensive, abundant, and highly conductive. However, most copper used in industrial coating processes is in the form of circular powder, which is problematic for large area, high conductive coatings. In this work, 2D single-crystalline Cu nanoplates (Cu NPLs) were synthesized and a systematic study on coating with large-scale Cu NPLs using a Meyer-rod coating process was performed. The rheological behaviors of the Cu solution with various concentrations, surface tensions, and speeds were analyzed using Ca and Re numbers to optimize coating conditions. In addition, the effect of intensive pulse light (IPL) to sinter the coper film within a 1 s timeframe was also investigated in order to be able to produce an electrode in the shortest possible time which is applicable to industry. Finally, the Meyer-rod coated electrode was utilized in an electrochemical luminescence (ECL) device.


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Question: Pax Democratica: The Gospel According to St. Democracy

The thaw of the Cold War ended the chess game between the superpowers and seemingly gave new momentum to the revival and spread of liberal democracy and its corollary, capitalism. Just as missionaries once offered Christianity to “save” colonised peoples, democracy has become the new gospel promising “salvation”. Both donor and recipient countries appeal to democracy, hoping that it will reverse decades of misfortune. Donor nations and multilateral financial institutions preach democratic governance. “Born again democratic” national leaders in the South who are intent on clinging to power attend to their sermons. None appear to have a genuine faith in democracy. While some nations and NGOs do give altruistically, most use foreign aid as another means of pursuing their national interest. Democracy is an elastic concept. Indeed it seems, at least at this point, that the new gospel of democracy is but a convenient tool used by different players for they own selfish reasons.

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Today and Tomorrow Vol 23 Art & Architecture includes Balbus, Or the Future of Architecture by Christian Barman, Heraclitus, Or the Future of Films by Ernest Betts, Euterpe, Or The Future of Art by Lionel R McColvin and The Future of Futurism by John Rodker. 342pp


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Question: Sonophotocatalytic Degradation Studies of Alizarin Reactive Red Dye

The photocatalytic oxidative degradation and discoloration of the reactive dye was investigated. Along with photochemical oxidation process, the sonochemical effect was also used. Experiments were performed in slurry mode in both UV and solar light at optimized conditions. Degradation observed was 88% under photocatalytic optimized conditions, i.e., pH 4.8, TiO2 = 0.3 g L−1 and oxidant dose of 0.3 g L−1 after 180 min. sonophotocatalytic treatment enhanced the degradation up to 94% with optimized parameters of photocatalytic treatment. The results obtained were quite appreciable as also confirmed from reduction in COD from 280 to 36 mg L−1. The results of sonophotocatalytic degradation of dye showed that it could be used as efficient and environmental friendly technique for the complete degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants that will increase the chances for the reuse of wastewater.

Development of Hydrometallurgical Processes. Industrial Hydroxyoxime Extractants and Their Characteristics. Physicochemistry of Metal Extraction with Hydroxyoximes. Potential of Metal Extraction and Separation with Hydroxyoximes. Application of Hydroxyoximes in Membrane Processes. Processing of Copper Ores. Index.


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Question: Teaching Value of Cauchy Inequality

In the paper,we discusses the internal cause permeability and unity of Cauchy inequality in the different fields.

Introduction: One Is the Lonelist Number The Civic Catechism Agoraphobia The Rite Stuff The Bawdy Politic Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: Infrared limit on the fine-scale anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation

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The cosmic-background anisotropy has been investigated at the angular scale of 25 minutes of arc by means of a special isotropometer at the alpine station of Testa Grigia (3500 m above sea level) through the atmospheric window 1.0-1.4 mm. We found an upper limit $\frac{\ensuremath{\Delta}T}{T}\ensuremath{\lesssim}1.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ at two standard deviations. Some physical implications about the origin and the rotation of superclusters and about the secondary ionization of plasma are discussed.

We show that the predicted primordial helium production is significantly reduced when new measurements of the neutron lifetime and the implied enhancement in the weak reaction rates are included in big-bang nucleosynthesis. Therefore, even if a narrow uncertainty in the observed helium abundance is adopted, this brings the constraint on the baryon-to-photon ratio from BBN and the observed helium into better accord with the independent determination of the baryon content deduced from the WMAP spectrum of power fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background and measurements of primordial deuterium in narrowline quasar absorption systems at high redshift.


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Question: Complete resonance assignment of a natural abundance solid peptide by through-bond heteronuclear correlation solid-state NMR

The assignment of the NMR spectra of natural abundance medium-sized solid-state organic molecules still represents a challenging problem. In this paper, we show that a complete assignment of all the carbon-13, nitrogen-15, and proton NMR lines of a natural abundance solid peptide can be performed by combining various one-bond and multiple-bond correlation techniques for rotating solids. The assignment of the MAS spectra is shown to be unambiguous and relatively straightforward.

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Abstract The proton and carbon-13 NMR spectra of 2,3,6 -tri-O-methyl-β-cyclodextrin in deuteriochloroform have been fully and unambiguously assigned using homonuclear and selective heteronuclear spin decoupling and two-dimensional homo- and heteronudear correlation NMR spectroscopy. Corrections are made to some earlier literature assignments.


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E.g.
'['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Data interchanging device for inter-software communication']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'PURPOSE: To obtain a communication system which can hold interfaces between various software process computers so that data are effectively interchanged while some software application is disconnected from other software applications. CONSTITUTION: The communication interfaces 20 and 22 include two library programs, and one library manages class definitions including meaning information and a self-descriptive form including actual data to be interchanged together with type information regarding a data format. The other library includes a subject mapper which manages a communication and also receive an application request regarding a specific subject and maps it into adequate communication control and service providing information. Several communication controls are also incorporated in the subject mapper or directly in a client application, and the protocol that the other application is using is used to manage a communication with the other application. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO']' != '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'This paper presents PC-104/CAN design of a programmable single-board multifunctional card, intended for an access to the CAN controllers from industrial version of the ISA bus (PC/104) and event time-stamping by signal changes from controllers and dedicated ISA signals. This paper shows one of possible solutions in a nearly single-chip design.']'

Question: Forcing with Δ perfect trees and minimal Δ-degrees

This paper is a sequel to [3] and it contains, among other things, proofs of the results announced in the last section of that paper. In §1, we use the general method of [3] together with reflection arguments to study the properties of forcing with Δ perfect trees, for certain Spector pointclasses Γ, obtaining as a main result the existence of a continuum of minimal Δ-degrees for such Γ's, under determinacy hypotheses. In particular, using PD, we prove the existence of continuum many minimal Δ^(1)_(2n+1)-degrees, for all n.^(2) Following an idea of Leo Harrington, we extend these results in §2 to show the existence of minimal strict upper bounds for sequences of Δ-degrees which are not too far apart. As a corollary, it is computed that the length of the natural hierarchy of Δ^(1)_(2n+1)-degrees is equal to ω when n ≥ 1. (By results of Sacks and Richter the length of the natural hierarchy of Δ^(1)_(1)-degrees is known to be equal to the first recursively inaccessible ordinal.)

This number generalizes the usual matching.From some properties of totally unimodular matrix,we can attain an algorithm on the maximum value of the s-matchings of a particular hypergraph.


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Question: Probabilities of Large Deviations

At the beginning of this course on probability theory we considered the probabilities \( P\left( {|\sum\nolimits_{k = 1}^n {{\xi _k} - } \sum\nolimits_{k = 1}^n {{m_k}| \geqslant t} } \right) \) with m k = Eξ k for a sequence of independent random variables ξ 1, ξ 2,..., and we estimated those probabilities by Chebyshev’s inequality: ::: ::: $$ P\left( {|\sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{\xi _k}} - \sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{\xi _k}} | \geqslant t} \right) \leqslant \frac{1}{{{t^2}}}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{d_k},} {d_k} = Var{\xi _k}. $$

This chapter contains sections titled: Concept of Frequency Important Parameters of Frequency Distribution Theory of Probability Probability Distribution Model Sampling Theory Statistical Decision Making Conclusions References


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Question: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: emerging therapies.

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Despite the high prevalence of and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, extensive research on the underlying pathophysiology and specific therapeutics for this disease is, relatively, in its infancy. Several novel molecular targets are being investigated as potential treatments for the disease. The most exciting new class of compounds is the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors; Ariflo (SB 207499)-a member of this class, and the most advanced in development (Phase III)-was reported recently to have significant clinical efficacy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, such as Ariflo, possibly represent the most important advance in pulmonary medicine in recent years.

Purpose of Review ::: This paper aims to provide a summary of the recent therapeutic advances and the latest research on outcome measures for clinical trials in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM).


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Question: Retrospection and Prophecy in the Structure of Mad Love

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Andre Breton's Mad Love deserves more attention both as a literary narrative and as a set of theoretical propositions about art and politics. This article studies its narrative time-structure and examines its arguments, and asks what each of these aspects of the text can tell us about the other. Breton's theoretical claims are put in conversation with some key texts of later Marxist thought, and Mad Love's story of prophecy and self-interpretation is read as a way of thinking about time.

Introduction: The Problem of Writing and Nature for Jung and Evolution. The Problem of the Body In/Out of Nature for Jane Austen and Seamus Heaney. The Problem of Heaven and Hell for Emily Bronte. Re-figuring Evolution for Children's Literature. Hunting Signs with the Trickster Detectives. Shakespeare's Magical Power. The Writer and the Underworld.


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Question: Oshore Wind Payload Transfer Using Flexible

This article presents an oshore-simulated loading and unloading of a payload from a oating platform to a xed structure. The experiments are performed in a dry-lab, where a Stewart platform is used to simulate the motion of the vessel. A hydraulically actuated vehicle loader crane is used to perform the tasks of payload transfer. The crane includes a hydraulic winch where the wire force is measured by a load cell. A mathematical model of the winch is derived and is experimentally veried. The control strategies include a heave compensation and a constant tension mode. A motion reference unit is used to generate the reference motion of the moving platform. Experimental results show the wire force while performing the load cases. This paper shows the advantage of using a reference motion as a feed forward control reference, instead of only relying on the constant tension.

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Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Design of C-Band High Speed Pulsed Power Amplifier for Pulsed RADAR Applications

This paper describes the design and development of a narrow band two stage high speed Solid State Pulsed Power Amplifier (SS-PPA) working at 7.23 GHz frequency. The amplifier is designed by using commercial packaged PHEMTs. A pulse aggregate card has been developed to provide modulated pulsed bias. At room temperature, the PPA provides 17.58 dB gain yielding 26.58 dBm peak output power for 9 dBm input driving power. The measured rise and fall time of the final prototype is obtained as 25.0 ns and 19.2 ns respectively at 90 ns Pulse Width (PW) with 30 kHz Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF). We report a description of the design of the amplifier along with an account of its performance made through a comparison of simulated and measured results with desired target specifications.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dipole Basic Characteristics Partial Sleeve, PIFA, and Patch Loops Dielectric Resonator Antennas References


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Question: WANDERING CELLS, ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, AND FIBROBLASTS IN CULTURES FROM HUMAN LYMPH NODES

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Wandering cells migrate from cultures of human lymph nodes after 2 or 3 hours incubation; they are actively ameboid and phagocytic. Endothelial cells appear in the plasma clot after 24 to 48 hours incubation. They are relatively inactive and less phagocytic. Fibroblasts are seen after 48 hours incubation. They are inactive and not phagocytic. The probable origin of wandering cells from endothelial cells is discussed.

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: Effect of anoxia on sugar transport in avian erythrocytes.

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Abstract 1. 1. Simple anoxia, without additon of metabolic poisons, was found to stimulate carrier-mediate sugar transport. 2. 2. Development of an anoxic stimulation of transport immediately followed changes in intracellular levels of low and high energy intermediates, suggesting a role for these compounds as regulators of transport. 3. 3. Adenine and ATP were the only metabolites found to alter transport rates, when they were added exogenously. Adenine partially inhibited the anoxic stimulation of transport while ATP stimulated sugar entry in both aerobic and anerobic cells. 4. 4. Neither monovalent nor divalent cations were absolutely required for the development of the faster rate of transport in anoxic cells.

Contribution of extracellular adenine nucleotide degradation to adenosine formation and internal salvage of adenosine via adenosine kinase were quantified in macrovascular porcine endothelial cells...


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Question: Flows and torques in Brownian ferrofluids subjected to rotating uniform magnetic fields in a cylindrical and annular geometry

Ferrofluid flow in cylindrical and annular geometries under the influence of a uniform rotating magnetic field was studied experimentally using aqueous ferrofluids consisting of low concentrations (<0.01 v/v) of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with Brownian relaxation to test the ferrohydrodynamic equations, elucidate the existence of couple stresses, and determine the value of the spin viscosity in these fluids. An ultrasound technique was used to measure bulk velocity profiles in the spin-up (cylindrical) and annular geometries, varying the intensity and frequency of the rotating magnetic field generated by a two pole stator winding. Additionally, torque measurements in the cylindrical geometry were made. Results show rigid-body like velocity profiles in the bulk, and no dependence on the axial direction. Experimental velocity profiles were in quantitative agreement with the predictions of the spin diffusion theory, with a value of the spin viscosity of ∼10−8 kg m/s, two orders of magnitude larger than the...

In recent years, one has observed an increasing interest in the pattern deposition of colloidal particles from an evaporating carrier liquid, a process associated with the coffee ring effect. In particular, various companies employ pattern deposition for the fabrication of medium resolution conducting circuits for various applications from touch screens to antennae. In this talk, I will discuss the pattern deposition of solute particles off an evaporating solution film atop an ultrasonic actuator. We use the actuator to generate a MHz vibration in the form of a Rayleigh surface acoustic wave (SAW), propagating in the solid substrate and under the solution film at a phase velocity of 4000 m/s. Transfer of momentum from the SAW to the neighboring solution translates to an acoustic stress, supporting various flow mechanisms, i.e., acoustic streaming, and altering the geometry of the evaporating film. The interplay between the capillary, acoustic, and evaporative stresses within the solution determines the tr...


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represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract
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Provided: ["represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract\n------\nThe query could be 'Enhancement of radiation induced cell death in chicken B lymphocytes by' and should be close to 'Wilhaferin A (WA), a plant withanolide, has shown significant radiosensitizing effect in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of DNA repair has been suggested as a mechanism of radiosensitization by WA. To test this, the effect of withaferin A on survival of DT40 chicken B-lymphocyte cell line and its repair deficient single gene mutants Rad54 -/- , Ku70 -/- and double mutant Ku70 -/- /Rad54 -/- alter irradiation was studied. Exponentially growing cells were treated for 1 hr with 5 μM WA and then exposed to different doses of X-rays. Cell survival was studied by clonogenic assay. WA significantly reduced survival of DT40, Ku70 -/- and Ku70 -/- /Rad54 -/- , but not Rad54 -/- cells, suggesting that WA enhances radiosensitivity by interfering with homologous repair, the major pathway of DSB repair in these cells. Inhibition of DNA repair is further indicated in a significant decrease in surviving fraction of DT40 cells by post-irradiation incubation with WA. This could have relevance to cancer radiotherapy.' but very far from 'Human phagocytic cells elaborate toxic oxygen metabolites which can cause mutations in bacteria and sister chromatid exchanges in cultured mammalian cells. In the present study we demonstrate that human phagocytes can induce mutations in Chinese hamster ovary cells.'", 'Kernel Multitask Regression for Toxicogenetics'] Match: ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The development of high-throughput in vitro assays to study quantitatively the toxicity of chemical compounds on genetically characterized human-derived cell lines paves the way to predictive toxicogenetics, where one would be able to predict the toxicity of any particular compound on any particular individual. In this paper we present a machine learning-based approach for that purpose, kernel multitask regression (KMR), which combines chemical characterizations of molecular compounds with genetic and transcriptomic characterizations of cell lines to predict the toxicity of a given compound on a given cell line. We demonstrate the relevance of the method on the recent DREAM8 Toxicogenetics challenge, where it ranked among the best state-of-the-art models, and discuss the importance of choosing good descriptors for cell lines and chemicals.'] Hard Negative: ['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper:', 'These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.']

Question: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Recommended Research Publication for Music Educators

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An annotated bibliography of selected, recommended research publication for music educators.

Acknowledgments Introduction General and Social Science Sources General Anthropology Sources Methods and Practice Subfields of Anthropology Research Areas Humanities Related Fields Ethnic and Area Studies Supplemental Author Index Title Index Subject Index


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Question: Pivotal Certified Professional Spring Developer Exam: A Study Guide

1. Book Overview -- 2. Spring Bean Lifecycle and Configuration -- 3. Testing Spring Applications -- 4. Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) in Spring and AspectJ -- 5. Transactions, Persistence and Database Access -- 6. Web programming with Spring MVC and Annotations -- 7. Application Testing -- 8. Advanced topics: Spring Remoting, Beans with JMX, JMS Messaging -- 9. Mock exams. .

Bundle includes: -LMS Integrated SAM 365 & 2016 Assessments, Trainings, and Projects with 1 MindTap Reader Printed Access Card, 1st Edition Printed Access Code -Enhanced Discovering Computers 2017, Essentials, 1st Edition Bound Book


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Question: Recovery of tritium from a liquid lithium blanket

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The sorption of tritium on yttrium from liquid lithium and the subsequent release of tritium from yttrium by thermal regeneration of the metal sorbent were investigated to study such a tritium-recovery process for a fusion reactor blanket of liquid lithium. Recent static sorption experiments have shown the effects of lithium temperature and possible impurities on the sorption of tritium. Diffusivity data, obtained from previous tritium recovery experiments, were evaluated to show the importance of the yttrium surface condition in controlling the release of tritium.

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The method of purifying uranium from reprocessing previously separate products generated fission in a nuclear reactor, of eliminating the descendants of U232 appearing during storage, by passing said uranium, in the form hexafluoride, through a chemically inert porous material.


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Question: On the Simulation Tool of Autonomous Hybrid RES-Based Power Plants

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An extensive study is presented on the simulation, optimization and establishment of several hybrid RES-based building scale systems, designed to produce electricity to cover different electrical requirements. As fundamental case study, an already established system was simulated and optimized to be financially and energetically feasible for off-grid operation. Solar and wind resources along with several buffering technologies are proposed and related to the characteristics of such an investment. Moreover, based on a comparative feasibility study for systems simulated on several Greek islands, the role of grid connection was investigated. Finally, a laboratory-scale system was built to validate the theoretical predictions with experimental measurements, thus identifying the validity of the HOMER simulation platform

This chapter contains sections titled: Long-Distance Carriers, Mass Transit Systems, Where There Is High-Volume Multimodal Use, True Multi-Modal Transit and the Theory of Rapid Transit


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Question: The nature of complex communication system

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Little is yet known regarding structured or patterned interaction in complex communication systems. Conceptualizing complexity of communication systems as “organized complexity” in time, this study analyzed a variety of communication systems at multiple levels of complexity. Results indicate that the amount of structure contributed by increasing levels of complexity varied from one analytical system to another. The triple interact was the most appropriate level of analysis for two systems, the double interact was appropriate for another, and the act most appropriate for two other systems.

The theory of anchored narratives proof by narrative only the quality of anchors investigation and proof confessions identification witnesses expert testimony defense tactics selection of evidence.


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Represent this
The wireless communication terminal

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A wireless communication terminal. In the case where the number of antennas is less than the beam receiver beamformer, explicit feedback. The first terminal transmits the probe packet containing the training sequence, the training sequence for exciting the maximum dimension of Nmax corresponding channel. Ensure that the second terminal within the capability of receiving the probe packet itself, the circuit scale can be reduced, power consumption. Further, the first terminal performs spatial stream is allocated to all N Nmax root transformation transmission antenna branches, to compensate for the corresponding reduction in transmission diversity characteristics.

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The operating system and method of domain profile using the database in the core framework for SDR terminal is disclosed. And many managers are logged domain profiles needed to install and run the application in a database text files instead of recording to an existing XML file in the SCA core framework of the SDR terminal with a base of software architecture (Software Communications Architecture) stored in the database and management. If you put your application on the device, SDR terminal multiple managers within the core framework for their execution and load the DB database text file first, to reduce the parsing time to quickly look up the domain profile from the database to improve the system performance. SD Al, S ssieyi, domain profile, parsing, database


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Question: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Growth

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The evidence clearly indicates a temporary retardation in the rate of g:r;owthin weight a:(1d stature, with no effect on adult height. . Case Presentation: In this article we present a case with ADHD on stimulant th~rapy that , had a catch up growth after the discontinuation ,of therapy, then review the literature on possible growth, and suppressing effects of these medications in the long term treatment. Conclusion: Most of the previous studies suggest that the stimulant-assocjated height deficits in ADHD are temporary and early manifestation of ADHD its.elf anduot complication of therapy, and the small risk of lost centimeters may be a price worth paying for many children to gain improved learning and social function.

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For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Background and question Similar to other autoinflammatory diseases, diagnosis of FMF is often missed and markedly delayed, particularly when its prevalance is very low in a community. It’s reported that diagnosis of FMF might be delayed more than 20 years. Although Turkey is one of the countries with a high prevalence of FMF, the diagnosis of the disease is markedly delayed in clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to investigate the delay of diagnosis in patients followed up due to, or new diagnosed with FMF in the newly established Rheumatology Unit of a big tertiary medical center located in Corum region. Corum province is one of the region where FMF is very common in Turkey.']>>  to "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'How long is the diagnosis of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) delayed in a region where FMF is common in Turkey?']"

Introducing Diabetes Type 1 (Insulin Dependent) Diabetes Controlling Your Diabetes Is Your Treatment Effective? Keeping Good Control Multiple Injection Treatment What Can Go Wrong? The Long-Term Effects of Diabetes and Your General Health Marriage, Pregnancy, Parenthood and Contraception Diabetes in Children and Adolescents Diabetes and Your Daily Life The British Diabetic Association Index.


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Question: Qualitative Spatial Representation and Reasoning in 3D Space

Qualitative spatial reasoning is a very important subfield of artificial intelligence and intelligent computation. This paper focuses on qualitative spatial representation and reasoning in 3D space. We firstly describe qualitative 3D space by defining 3D spatial topological and directional relationships between objects. Then we explore spatial reasoning in 3D space by giving the composition tables of 3D spatial relationships. And we propose an uncertainty model to describe the confidence level of every relation, and construct a weighted constraint graph of all objects. In the course of inferring the locations of objects, a processing order of all objects is therefore built according to the weighted constraint graph.

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Contents: Virtual Worlds - History of Virtual Worlds - Virtual Worlds and Language Learning Theory - Varieties of Virtual World Environments - Language Learning in Second Life.


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Question: Vibration Characteristics of the Non-Conservative Thermoelastic Coupling Plate

The vibration characteristics of the thermoelastic coupling rectangular plate under the action of uniformly distributed tangential follower force are investigated. The coupled thermoelastic differential equation of the plate under the action of uniformly distributed tangential follower force was derived. Dimensionless complex frequencies of the thermoelastic coupling rectangular plate with one edge clamped and other three edges simply supported, two opposite edges simply supported and other two edges clamped were calculated by the differential quadrature method. The effects of the dimensionless thermoelastic coupling factor on the stability and critical load of the thin plate were analyzed. The results show that the flutter loads of the coupled modes increase with the increase of the dimensionless coupled thermoelastic factor and the aspect ratio.

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: In Situ Monitoring of Supersaturation and Polymorphic Form of Piracetam during Batch Cooling Crystallization

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In situ Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) were used simultaneously to monitor the polymorphic form, supersaturation profile, and chord length distribution, respectively, during a cooling crystallization of piracetam in ethanol. At fast cooling rates and fast generation of supersaturation, the metastable polymorph was observed to nucleate and prevail. On slow cooling, only the stable polymorph was observed. This was attributed to the time available to the system to respond to the generated supersaturation. If sufficient time is allowed, the system will arrange itself into its most stable thermodynamic configuration, and the stable polymorph will be produced. At fast cooling rates, the system is suject to kinetic control, resulting in crystallisation of the less stable polymorph.

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Development of Hydrometallurgical Processes. Industrial Hydroxyoxime Extractants and Their Characteristics. Physicochemistry of Metal Extraction with Hydroxyoximes. Potential of Metal Extraction and Separation with Hydroxyoximes. Application of Hydroxyoximes in Membrane Processes. Processing of Copper Ores. Index.


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Question: [Enhancing the effectiveness of microbiological nutrient media through balancing their content by an experimental analytical method].

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The possibility of successful use of the analitico-experimental method for the development and improvement of balanced microbiological growth media, economical in composition, has been shown. By this method a new variant of the semisynthetic medium for growing Bordetella pertussis vaccine strain has been obtained, thus making it possible to achieve a considerable increase in the yield of the biomass without decreasing the immunogenicity of the culture. The use of the balanced medium in the production of vaccines may alone give the overall economic effect totalling 11000 roubles per 10000 liters.

The shelf-life of food is an important index for food quality and safety. The article reviewed the new models and methods for shelf-life prediction, including kinetic models based on temperatures, microbial growth models, predictive models for dry food in waterproof packaging, statistical methods, as well as some new technology for shelf-life prediction recently developed at home and abroad.


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Question: Dimensionless design model for biaxial Cartwheel flexure hinges

ABSTRACTFlexure hinges have been widely used in space-borne telescopes for mounting reflective optics with high surface figure requirements. To realize the three-point flexural mount of a Φ750 mm primary mirror, a Cartwheel biaxial flexural hinge composed by filleted short beams is proposed and the dimensionless design graph method for the flexural hinge is presented. The finite element analysis is performed on the flexure model to validate the proposed method. We also demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method experimentally. The maximum relative error of the rotational stiffness between analysis, testing result, and design value is 5.0%. The proposed dimensionless design graph can be used as a design tool to determine the optimal geometry of a spatial flexure hinge rapidly.

A formulation, which considers the effects of transverse shear flexibility, torsion warping, and two dimensional in-plane behavior, is extended to analyze arbitrary lay-up geometry including antisymmetric configuration. Numerical simulations are performed for a specific antisymmetric configuration to identify the transverse shear behavior on the aeroelastic stability of composite rotor


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Question: Rapid pulsed microwave propagation

Transit time measurements of the leading edge of pulse modulated microwaves in open space and inside a rectangular waveguide have been performed. The experimental setup used is described. Both measurements show that a part of the energy associated with the leading edge of the pulse propagates with the phase velocity. Calibration techniques and repeated measurements confirm this phenomenon. >

Axial constant magnetic field produces 69-fold increase of ablation-crater depth on silicon surface ablated by ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses. Analysis of potential mechanisms suggests strong combined effects from magneto-absorption and propagation through magnetized ablation plasma.


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Question: Diffusion of Social Media Among Public Relations Practitioners in Health Departments Across Various Community Population Sizes

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This study reports findings from a survey of 281 public relations practitioners in public health departments serving 4 distinct sizes of communities—urban, suburban, large town, and rural—in 48 states. Based on diffusion of innovations theory, the overall purpose of the study is to examine the extent to which social media are adopted within public health agencies and moderators of adoption. Findings demonstrate overall low adoption rates for social media tools. However, significant differences were observed for adoption based on size of communities, with urban communities exhibiting highest adoption rates, followed by suburban, large town, and rural communities. The most frequently cited barrier practitioners named for why they don't think constituents would benefit from health information distributed online was lack of home access to the Internet. Among the 17 percent of practitioners who indicate they use social media to disseminate health information, the most commonly used tools are social networking ...

Farm Spending and Local Selling: How Do They Match Up?; Changing Fiscal Patterns for Minnesota County Governments


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Question: Derivation of the relativistic momentum and relativistic equation of motion from Newton's second law and Minkowskian space-time geometry

Starting from the classical Newton's second law which, according to our assumption, is valid in any instantaneous inertial rest frame of body that moves in Minkowskian space-time we get the relativistic equation of motion $\vec{F}=d\vec{p}/dt$, where $\vec{p}$ is the relativistic momentum. The relativistic momentum is then derived without referring to any additional assumptions concerning elastic collisions of bodies. Lorentz-invariance of the relativistic law is proved without tensor formalism. Some new method of force transformation is also presented.

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It is shown that, in the Dirac theory of a free electron, the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation corresponds to the Lorentz transformation from the laboratory to the rest system of the electron, together with a factor which preserves the norm of the wave function. This consideration resolves the ambiguity in the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. Also it is shown that covariantly-defined Lorentz-tensor operators may be interpreted as Lorentz transforms of matrix operators from the rest to the laboratory system.


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Question: Trichoderins, novel aminolipopeptides from a marine sponge-derived Trichoderma sp., are active against dormant mycobacteria.

Three new aminolipopeptides, designated trichoderins A (1), A1 (2), and B (3), were isolated from a culture of marine sponge-derived fungus of Trichoderma sp. as anti-mycobacterial substances with activity against active and dormant bacilli. The chemical structures of trichoderins were determined on the basis of spectroscopic study. Trichoderins showed potent anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium bovis BCG, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv under standard aerobic growth conditions as well as dormancy-inducing hypoxic conditions, with MIC values in the range of 0.02-2.0 microg/mL.

Four new antibiotics which are denominated istamycin A, istamycin B, istamycin Ao and istamycin Bo, and which are useful as antibacterial agents, are produced by fermentation of a new microorganism, Streptomyces tenjimariensis.


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Question: Loss aversion, team relocations, and major league expansion.

Professional sports teams receive large public subsidies for new facility construction. Empirical research suggests that these subsidies cannot be justified by tangible or intangible economic benefits. We develop a model of bargaining between local governments and teams over subsidies that includes league expansion decisions. The model features loss aversion by fans that captures lost utility when a team leaves a city. The model predicts that teams exploit this loss aversion to extract larger than expected subsidies from local governments, providing an explanation for these large subsidies and highlighting the importance of anti-trust exemptions in enhancing teams' bargaining positions.

The ill-designed scoring method in the NHL incentivizes the teams to reach overtimes in matches against rivals from the other conference. In this paper, I find a statistically significant higher percentage of matches that go into overtime against rivals from the other conference than the percentage of matches that go into overtime against rivals from the same conference for two NHL teams. From the economic aspect, the behavior of those two teams is rational. All the other teams in the league may not maximize their chances to qualify to the playoffs, but their behavior is in line with the “Fair-Play” principle.


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Question: Dietary Patterns and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration After More Than Two Decades of Follow-Up

Method: This prospective study included 76,693 female participants in the Nurses' Health Study and 39,519 male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. We developed two cardioprotective dietary patterns, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and two overall dietary patterns from factor analysis, prudent and western pattern. We calculated each dietary pattern score from repeated food frequency questionnaires. We confirmed 1,531 intermediate and 1,269 advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cases. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relative risks (RR's) and 95% confidence intervals (CI's). Results: For advanced AMD, the prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated with risk (comparing extreme quintiles, multivariate RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.63 to 0.94; p trend = 0.008), whereas the western pattern was positively related to risk (RR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.71; p trend = 0.005). The RR for DASH was 0....

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1-2 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 5-13 Overview of Sickle Cell Disease 5 Elevated Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity 7 Elevated TRV in Children With Sickle Cell Disease 9 Treatment of Elevated Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity 10 Pathogenesis and Study of Outcomes Associated with Elevated TRV 11 Sickle Cell Nephropathy 12 Elevated TRV and Proteinuria 13 Statement of Purpose, Specific Hypotheses and Specific Aims of the Thesis 14 Methods 15-19 Patient Population 15 Echocardiography 16 Study of the Natural History of TRV in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.........17 Study to Determine if Elevated TRV is Associated with Proteinuria 18 Results 20 Study 1. Natural History of TRV in Children with Sickle Cell Disease 20 Study 2. Is Elevated TRV Associated with Proteinuria? 25 Discussion 27-32 References 33-42 Appendix 1: Publication 43-46 Appendix 2: Comment on Publication 47-48


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Question: Chemical composition of essential oil from bark of Saraca indica

0009-3130/12/4706-0998 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, Japan, fax: 81 6 6727 2024, e-mail: miyazawa@kindai.ac.jp; yusei8072@yahoo.co.jp. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 869–870, November–December 2011. Original article submitted June 30, 2010. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Vol. 47, No. 6, January, 2012 [Russian original No. 6, November–December, 2011]

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A study was undertaken to address the indigenous knowledge of herbal use in birth control in rural and tribal areas in Bangladesh. Total 152 persons (local herbalists, birth attendants and other knowledgeable person for birth control by herbal medicine) were interviewed. A number of 62 plant species belonging to 38 families were identified for the use of birth control. Highest score in rarity was recorded for seven species, i) Abrus precatorius ii) Andrographis paniculata, iii) Ferula asafoetida iv) Gloriosa superba v) Piper nigrum, vi) Plumbago indica and vii) Plumbago zeylanica. In vitro regeneration was studied in five species, Mimosa pudica, Piper longum, Gloriosa superba, A brus precatorius and Leonurus sibiricus. Artificial seeds were produced by encapsulating shoot tip and nodal segments of Mimosa pudica with sodium alginate.


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Question: Experimental Study on Acoustic Attenuation Due to Solid Particles

ABSTRACTHigh-frequency pressure waves present in rocket motors can be dampened by solid or liquid particles produced from their propellant combustion depending on conditions. The present study conducted an experimental investigation into the effects of particle sizes, ambient gases, and pressure wave frequencies on the attenuation of acoustic energy. Aluminum oxide powders of single-peak broad distributions with average diameters of 5.1 μm, 7.6 μm, 16.5 μm, and 36.2 μm were used to simulate condensed particles in solid rocket combustion environment. Attenuation of excited pressure waves traveling through the fixed cylindrical volume full of particle-laden helium or nitrogen gas has been measured. The number densities of particles floating in gases have been determined by use of processing of images from a high-speed camera. It is observed that alumina particles surely have attenuation effects of pressure waves. The particles in helium show approximately two times greater pressure wave attenuation than tho...


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Question: EFFECT OF POLYMERIC ALUMINUM CHLORIDE/CHITOSAN COMPOSITE FLOCCULANT ON ACTIVATED SLUDGE

The effect of the dosage of flocculants on activated sludge dewatering is analyzed through the determination of sludge specific resistance to filtration.Sludge dewatering behaviors conditioned on polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC),chitosan(CTS) and composite flocculants have been compared. The results show all the conditioning agent have help to sludge dewatering .Compared with PAC,CTS and PAC/CTS composite coagulant, the optimum coagulant with its optimum dosage is obtained . PAC/CTS can greatly reduce the sludge specific resistance and improves the sludge dewatering performance largely while the clarity of the filtrate was higher .

A METHOD IS DISCUSSED OF PROTECTING CATENARY SUPPORT STRUCTURES THAT IS BELIEVED TO BE SUPERIOR TO A CONVENTIONAL PAINT SYSTEM. THE FIRST STEP IS TO CLEAN THE FOUNDATION AREA AND THE COLUMN UP TO A HEIGHT OF SIX FEET WITH CONVENTIONAL SAND-BLASTING EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE RUST, LOOSE SCALE, AND PAINT. THEN A BITUMINOUS COMPOUND COMPOSED OF A SPECIAL BLEND OF ASPHALTS, PETROLEUM RESINS, PLASTICIZERS, ASBESTOS, MICA, AND SOLVENT IS PUMPED FROM DRUMS, ATOMIZED AND APPLIED TO COLUMNS WITH A HAND-OPERATED SPRAY GUN TO A FILM THICKNESS OF BETWEEN 100-130 MILS. THE COMPOUND AFFORDS PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION, ABRASION, SUNLIGHT AND WEATHERING. WHILE BEING APPLIED IT FOLLOWS THE CONTOUR OF THE SURFACE EXACTLY, LEAVING NO VOIDS, RIDGES, OR UNPROTECTED AREAS. PRIOR TO DRYING, BLACK CERAMIC GRANULES WERE SPRAYED ON THE MASTIC. THE GRANULES FORM AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE COATING. /AUTHOR/


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Question: Load Balancing in Cloud Computing

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Cloud computing" is a term, which involves virtualization, distributed computing, networking, software and web services. A cloud consists of several elements such as clients, datacenter and distributed servers. It includes fault tolerance, high availability, scalability, flexibility, reduced overhead for users, reduced cost of ownership, on demand services etc. Central to these issues lays the establishment of an effective load balancing algorithm. The load can be CPU load, memory capacity, delay or network load. Load balancing is the process of distributing the load among various nodes of a distributed system to improve both resource utilization and job response time while also avoiding a situation where some of the nodes are heavily loaded while other nodes are idle or doing very little work. Load balancing ensures that all the processor in the system or every node in the network does approximately the equal amount of work at any instant of time.

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"['', 'There are specific aspects in the problem of optimization of the physical conditions of soil fertility that are determined by the genetic features of soils and by the degree of their transformation under anthropogenic impacts. An assessment of the major agrophysical parameters of the loamy soddy-podzolic soils on the Chepetsk-Kil’mez interfluve (Kirov oblast) is presented. A comparison between the actual and optimal parameters of the agrophysical properties of these soils shows that the most significant differences are observed in the soil structural status, the bulk density, and the water permeability.']" == "['', 'Physical status of soddy-podzolic soils on the Chepetsk-Kil’mez interfluve']"

Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase


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Question: Seasonal Distribution of Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Along the Canadian Atlantic Coast in Relation to Water Temperature

Seasonal relationships between size, bottom temperature, and distribution of cod are described for the western Gulf of St. Lawrence and Nova Scotia Banks.In summer, in the western Gulf of St. Lawre...

P. Day and M. Strauss, Part I: Summary: J.E. Thorpe, G.A.E. Gall, J.E. Lannan, C.E. Nash, and B. Ballachey, The Need to Manage Fish and Shellfish Genetic Resources. Human Interventions and Genetic Risks. The Conservation of Genetic Resources through Risk Management. Status of Aquatic Genetic Resource Management. References. Appendix. Part II: Management Studies: J.E. Thorpe and L. Stradmeyer, The Atlantic Salmon. D. Hedgecock, The Cupped Oyster. G.W. Wohlfarth, The Common Carp and Chinese Carps. A.E. Eknath, The Nile Tilapia. References. Subject Index.


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Question: The Induced and Regulatory Effects of Plant Hormones in Somatic Embryogenesis

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The paper summarizes the induced and regulatory effects of a few exogenous and endogenous hormones in plant somatic embryogenesis by our studies and related international reports.The exogenous auxin and cytokinin are necessary to induced differentiation and proliferation of cells of culture in vitro.2,4 D is an important hormone of induced embryogenic calluses.The contents and the metabolic balances of endogenous hormones have key effects for somatic embryogenesis.In addition,the exogenous and endogenous hormones have mutual regulatory effects for somatic embryogenesis.ABA has an important effect to improving the frequency and quality of somatic embryogenesis.Meanwhile,the exogenous and endogenous ABA have mutual promoted effects for somatic embryogenesis.The paper discusses possible mechanism of hormones induced somatic embryogenesis in a deep going way.

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1. Profound and Useful Discoveries.- 2. Comparison of the Efficiency of Nitrate and Nitrogen Fixation in Crop Yield.- 3. Nitrate Uptake, Production and Transport in the Whole Plant.- 4. Carbon and Nitrogen Partitioning in the Whole Plant - a Thesis based on Empirical Modeling.- 5. Relationships between Nitrogen Metabolism and Photosynthesis.- 6. Photosynthate Limitation of Symbiotic N2 Fixation.- 7. Photorespiration and Nitrogen Metabolism.- 8. Seed Storage Proteins: Genetics, Synthesis, Accumulation and Protein Quality.


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Question: Smart Glasses for the Visually Impaired People

People with visual impairment face various problems in their daily life as the modern assistive devices are often not meeting the consumer requirements in term of price and level of assistance. This paper presents a new design of assistive smart glasses for visually impaired students. The objective is to assist in multiple daily tasks using the advantage of wearable design format. As a proof of concept, this paper only presents one example application, i.e. text recognition technology that can help reading from hardcopy materials. The building cost is kept low by using single board computer raspberry pi 2 as the heart of processing and the raspberry pi 2 camera for image capturing. Experiment results demonstrate that the prototype is working as intended.

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It Isn't Luck The Playing Field: What Business Are You In? Strategies: How Do We Play? The Winning Team Leadership: Dr House, Frank Rijkaard and Pep Guardiola Human Resources: Good Criteria and Hygiene Reasons and Emotions on the Negotiating Table Innovation: Science and Art Back To The Future


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Question: The numerical analysis method of fuzzy-logic control systems stability of agglomerate sintering process

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In the article the method of numerical stability analysis of fuzzy-logic control systems of technological objects of sinter plants, the so-called method of multiple equations is proposed. The distinctive features of the developed method, compared to the traditionally used imitation modeling, are the reduced amount of calculations required for the analysis, and the ability to determine the obtained accuracy estimates of the stability regions in the system parameter space. Key word: STABILITY, MULTIPLE EQUATIONS, AGGLOMERATIVE PROCESS, FUZZY LOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

Actuated by engine,liquid flows though the inertia track between the two cambers and deletes the vibration energy by liquid damping.A mechanical model based on mechanical vibration and hydrodynamics theory is introduced.Its stiffness and damping are described with mathematics,and its influencing factor is analyzed. A simulation and analysis software of hydraulic mount dynamic characteristic and "engine-hydraulic mount-bodywork" isolation efficiency is developed.


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Question: Location of a single tRNA-His gene on the master chromosome of sunflower mitochondrial DNA

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Abstract A highly purified tRNA fraction isolated from sunflower mitochondria was used to probe a restriction fragment library of sunflower mitochondrial DNA. Approximately 20 different clones were detected. The 0.2-kbp HindIII insert of recombinant plasmid pHD500 was sequenced revealing the presence of a tRNA-His gene with 97% similarity to the equivalent of maize mitochondria and chloroplast. The single copy gene appears to be located at least 30 kbp distant from regions of high homology with cpDNA in the mitochondrial genome. This observation and other evidence (analysis of flanking regions and hybridization to cpDNA) suggest that the gene probably does not belong to a chloroplast insertion. The possible expression of the tRNA-His gene is discussed.

SummaryA total of 27 out of 28 BamHI restriction fragments of N. otophora ct-DNA have been stably cloned into plasmid pBR322. Each cloned fragment was identified by its electrophoretic mobility. By using this cloned library and a second restriction enzyme, SmaI, a physical map of N. otophora ct-DNA, was also constructed. The genes for rRNA and the LS of RuBPCase have been localized in the clone and marked on the map. No unusual structural feature of Nicotiana ct-DNA was detected in this species. Attempts to perform the in vivo expression of the cloned fragments employing the plasmid-directed protein synthesis system in maxicells met with some success. It is clearly demonstrated that certain cloned ct-DNA fragments could direct the synthesis of chloroplast polypeptides in E. coli.


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'['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'SEVERAL REACTIONS OF POLYHALOGENOPHENYLTRIMETHYLSILANES IN THE PRESENCE OF FLUORIDE ION']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper!', 'Polyhalogenophenyltrimethylsilanes such as 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trifluoro-, 3-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoro-, 2,6-difluoro-, and 2,6-dichlorophenyltrimethylsilanes in KF/DMF-system underwent Grignard-like reactions with benzaldehyde or iodine. In these reactions the silicon complex coordinated with fluoride ion was assumed to be the reaction intermediate.']' != '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Compositions METAL SOLUTION, FOR USE IN PARTICULAR IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTED ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS. OBTAINED SPEEDS IMPROVED WINDING METAL WHEN USING A SOLUTION CONTAINING SULFURIC ACID, THE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND fURAN.']'

Question: CHAPTER 10:Swelling-controlled Drug Delivery Systems

Polymeric smart materials have a significant role in providing tuneable and sustained release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. This chapter is a review on the use of swelling controlled drug delivery systems in the pharmaceutical industry, examining the evolution of swellable polymeric materials into effective delivery systems for therapeutic agents. Within the sub-classes of swelling devices, swellable matrices and superdisintegrants, the discussion of swellable controlled drug delivery devices and systems focus on their structures, properties, and swelling mechanisms. Major factors influencing the manner of drug release will also be investigated, as will mathematical models used to predict drug release characteristics. In the final section, the potential drawbacks of swellable controlled drug delivery systems will be discussed.

Abstract : Partial contents:Problem Statement, Technical Objective, Technical Background Current Coatings, Technical Background, Technical Background - Polysiloxane, Technical Background - Polyuretidione, Technical Background Cyclic Carbonate, Technical Approach, Task 1 Benchmarking, Task 2 Initial Formulation Development, Task 3 Initial CARC Testing, Task 4 Targeted Development, Chemspeed Autoplant A100TM, Task 5 Formulation CARC Testing, Task 6 Optimization, Task 8 Transition Planning, Year 1 Project Plan, Overall Project Plan, Project Funding, Deliverables.


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Question: Roles of Anti-αGal Antibody and Oligosaccharide Therapy in Xenotransplantation

It is now generally agreed that the hyperacute rejection (HAR) of pig organs by both human and nonhuman primates is related to the presence of preformed “natural” antibodies in the host [1–4]. The true origin of these antibodies is speculative, but they develop within a few weeks after birth, probably as soon as the neonate’s gastrointestinal tract becomes colonized by microorganisms [5, 6]. The antibody-antigen reaction that takes place on the surface of the vascular endothelium stimulates the complement cascade and “activates” the endothelial cells [7], leading to endothelial cell damage with capillary disruption and interstitial hemorrhage [8], resulting in rapid destruction of the tissues with loss of function.

Management of Bleeding Using Recombinant Factor VIIa in a Patient Suffering from Bleeding Tendency due to a Lupus Anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia Syndrome -


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Question: Long-range interactions in molecules and rotational coupling

We report a case study on Na2 of the influence of rotational coupling for molecular states directly below the dissociation limit, where the electronic binding energy and the hyperfine interactions are of similar magnitude and the rotational energy can be varied from small to large compared to the former energies. The experimental observation and the theoretical analysis are important for obtaining precise data concerning long-range interactions and extrapolation to the dissociation limit, which are required for describing cold collisions in atomic traps. A consistent model for all observations with rotational quantum number J′ up to 41 is developed which involves few atomic parameters and demonstrates that these are sufficient to describe molecular levels few μeV below the dissociation energy.

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We report on electric deflection experiments of structural isomers of aminobenzonitrile. They are used as models to study the influence of the asymmetry of a molecule on the molecule−electric field interaction. Experimental deflection profiles are compared to Stark effect calculations. We found increasing deviations from the calculated Stark effect behavior with increasing asymmetry. This deviation is induced by interactions with other particles and is directly related to the chaotic behavior of the rotational motion of asymmetric rotors in a static electric field.