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Question: Multi-objective directional sensor placement for wireless sensor networks

In this paper, a multi-objective directional sensor placement problem for wireless sensor networks is considered. The goal of the multi-objective optimization problem is to obtain sensor placement solutions with reasonable trade-offs between two conflicting objectives, namely energy consumption and detection capability. An adaptive normalized normal constraint method is proposed to solve such optimization problem. Simulation results show that, when comparing with a conventional normalized normal constraint method and NSGA-II, the proposed method is more capable of finding extreme solutions on an approximated Pareto frontier.

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Low cost UAVs are becoming more and more popular in both research and practical applications, and it leads to a new, potentially significant service product known as UAV-based personal remote sensing (PRS). Multi-UAV system with advanced cooperative control algorithms has advantages over single UAV system, especially in time urgent tasks such as detecting nuclear radiation before deploying the salvage. This paper considers two scenarios for nuclear radiation detection using multiple UAVs, of which contour mapping of the nuclear radiation is simulated. Then, for real applications, this paper presents a low-cost UAV platform with built-in formation flight control architecture together with a formulated standard flight test routine. Three experimental formation flight scenarios that imitate the nuclear detection missions are prepared for contour mapping of nuclear radiation field in 3D space.


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Question: THE EFFECT OF X RAYS ON CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION IN ORGAN CULTURE

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Radiation by a direct effect on the tissue alters the development of the vaginal epithelium from a squamous to ward a mucoid type. This qualitative change in the pattern of differentiation does not seem to be either secondary to mitotic inhibition or due to a mutational effect on the nucleus, but is probably caused by an effect on the cytoplasm. This effect may be brought about via an inactivation of substances essential for keratin synthesis and facilitated by the presence of vitamin A in the natural medium.

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THIS REPORT IS IN THREE PARTS: (1) EVOLUTION IN LIVING MATTER FROM THE ATOM OF HYDROGEN TO THE APPARITION OF MAN; (2) EVOLUTION IN GROUPS OF HUMAN BEINGS (CAMPSITES, CITIES, TOWNS, METROPOLIS, ETC) AND IN SOCIETY THROUGH THE AGES; (3) COMMENTS ON TRENDS IN TOMORROW'S CITIES. A STUDY IS MADE OF DISEQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE HUMAN POPULATION, IN THE DESTRUCTION OF NATURE, DETERIORATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT, AND PROGRESSIVE DESTRUCTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENERGY SOURCES. BASED ON THE FUNCTION AND CAPACITY OF ADAPTATION OF MAN THROUGH HIS EVOLUTION IN HISTORY, BASIC BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES ARE GIVEN FOR THE ORGANIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-CONTROL OF FUTURE URBAN COMMUNITIES. FOR THE COVERING ABSTRACT, SEE IRRD ABSTRACT NO 106219.


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Question: Optimal Debt Financing for Multinational Projects

Past studies assessed the source of debt financing for a multinational project but ignored the leverage effect of debt denomination on the project's market value. This research develops a model for determining the optimal amount of debt denomination by taking into account the interaction of debt level, beta, and cost of equity. Our optimal debt financing model offers a simplified approach for an MNC to maximize its multinational project's market value. The interdependencies between the source and amount of debt financing are discussed.

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Volume I: Theory of the Multinational Enterprises Volume II: Joint Ventures and Modes of Entry Volume III: Strategic Management of Multinationals Volume IV: Multinationals in a Social and Regional Context


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Question: Low-Voltage Switchable Microplasma Arrays Generated Using Microwave Resonators

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Microplasmas are generated at atmospheric pressure using an array of microstrip resonators and controlled by diode switches. These microplasmas are sustained by continuous microwave power, but can be individually switched on and off by applying +2/-5 VDC to the diodes. Each diode allows the capacitance between the resonator and reference electrode to be switched in or out of the circuit, shifting the resonant frequency and modulating power delivered to the microplasma. We present models of the resonator circuit including plasma loading and demonstrate the circuit's efficacy for the addressable control of microplasmas in a five-resonator array.

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OAK B204 Novel Glassy Nematic Liquid Crystals for Non-destructive Rewritable Optical Memory and Photonic Switching


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Question: Laser Micromachining of Zirconia (Y-TZP) Ceramics in the Picosecond Regime and the Impact on Material Strength

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(accessed July 10, 2009).The capabilities of a high average power picosecond laser are assessed for micromachining yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) in its hard state. Laser machining of this material presents an attractive alternative to conventional machining techniques when precision customized parts are required due to the difficulty in machining Y-TZP in its hard state. Compared with previous nanosecond work the picosecond laser enables similar micromachining to be carried out at the same rate but with a superior surface finish and with no evidence of surface cracking. Strength measurements have been carried out using a four-point bend test rig and confirm that the improvement in surface quality translates to higher strength in machined components.

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Abstract : Partial Contents: A Microcomposite Test Procedure for Evaluating the Constituent Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites; Design, Analysis and Application of an Improved Push-Through Test for the Measurement of Interface Properties in Composites; Fiber Bundle Push-Out: A Technique for the Measurement of Interfacial Sliding Properties; Mechanics of the Fiber Pushout Test; Effects of Fiber Roughness on Interface Sliding in Composites; Fiber Coating Concepts for Brittle Matrix Composites; Preliminary Assessment of Mica as High- Temperature Fiber Coating for SiC Composites; Models for Metal/Ceramic Interface Fracture; Mode II Fracture Toughness of a Brittle Adhesive Layer; and Cracking of Thin Bonded Films in Residual Tension


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Question: Modeling truncated hemoglobin vibrational dynamics

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We present a study on the near equilibrium dynamics of two small proteins in the family of truncated hemoglobins, developed under the framework of a Gaussian network approach. Effective beta carbon atoms are taken into account besides Calphas for all residues but glycines in the coarse-graining procedure, without leading to an increase in the degrees of freedom (beta Gaussian Model). Normalized covariance matrix and deformation along slowest modes with collective character are analyzed, pointing out anticorrelations between functionally relevant sites for the proteins under study. In particular, we underline the functional motions of an extended tunnel-cavity system running inside the protein matrix, which provide a pathway for small ligands binding with the iron in the heme group. We give a rough estimate of the order of magnitude of the relaxation times of the slowest two overdamped modes and compare results with previous studies on globins.

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Bifurcation of the carbonyl-stretching bands in the infrared spectra of several phenacyl ethers has been observed and is interpreted in terms of rotational isomerism.


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Question: A State-of-the-Art Review on Segmentation Algorithms in Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) Images

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Over the past two decades, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) image segmentation has remained a challenge for researchers while the use of this imaging modality is rapidly growing in catheterization procedures and in research studies. IVUS provides cross-sectional grayscale images of the arterial wall and the extent of atherosclerotic plaques with high spatial resolution in real time. In this paper, we review recently developed image processing methods for the detection of media-adventitia and luminal borders in IVUS images acquired with different transducers operating at frequencies ranging from 20 to 45 MHz. We discuss methodological challenges, lack of diversity in reported datasets, and weaknesses of quantification metrics that make IVUS segmentation still an open problem despite all efforts. In conclusion, we call for a common reference database, validation metrics, and ground-truth definition with which new and existing algorithms could be benchmarked.

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A. Filippidis, M. Russo, L.C. Jain: Novel Extension of ART2 in Surface Landmine Detection.- M. Blume: An Efficient Mapping of Fuzzy ART onto a Neural Architecture.- M. Blume, D.A. Van Blerkom: Fuzzy ARTMAP Modifications for Intersecting Class Distributions.- A.-H. Tan: Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory and Rules.- G. Bartfai, R. White: Incremental Learning and Optimization of Hierarchical Clusterings with ART-Based Modular Networks.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part I - Architectures and Algorithms.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part II - Applications.- T. Serrano-Gotarredona, B. Linares-Barranco: Adaptive Resonance Theory Microchips.


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Question: Splitting methods for parabolic problems in nonrectangular domains

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The paper deals with studying some modifications of the local one-dimensional schemes for solving the mixed and the third boundary value parabolic problems in nonrectangular domains. To distinguish these from the usual schemes with the error estimation O(h+τh), these modifications have unconditional convergence with the error estimation O(h + τ) for the problem with the mixed boundary conditions of special type and O(h + τ56) for the third boundary value problem. All consideration is carried out in projection form using the spatial finite element discretization.

In this paper, we prove attractor existence and continuation results for reaction–diffusion equations on singularly perturbed unbounded curved squeezed domains.


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Question: A Longitudinal Assessment of Graduate Student Research Behavior and the Impact of Attending a Library Literature Review Workshop

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This article discusses findings from a longitudinal research study that examined the way graduate students carry out the literature review and how they were impacted by attending a library literature review workshop. The literature review research process serves as an important gateway for graduate students into their scholarly communities’ practices and can be a logical place for librarians to offer assistance. This study was carried out to gain insights into the ways librarians can better meet graduate students’ needs to shape the services offered to graduate students. Findings reveal a lack of a single path through the literature review research process, but they do indicate that attending a literature review workshop can have long-term benefits.

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Tour 1: Preparation for Departure: Who Am I and How Do I Interact With Others? Tour 2: Preparation for Departure: Building Relationships with Basic Listening Skills Tour 3: Departure: Advanced Facilitation Skills Tour 4: Traveling With a Theory: Integration and Personalization Tour 5: Applying Theory: Assessment and Conceptualization Tour 6: Meeting Clients: Treatment Planning, Progress Monitoring, and Documentation Tour 7: Consolidation: Celebrating the Journey and Preparing to Go Separate Ways


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For example, '['Represent the input', 'Electromagnetic radiation emitted by supersonic Langmuir turbulence in active experiments in space']' should have a representation like '['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Abstract Experimental evidence of supersonic Langmuir turbulence has been reported by Pulinets and Selegey (1986; J. atmos. terr. Phys.48, 149) and Shuiskaya et al. (1987; Report, Space Research Institute of the U.S.S.R.) in the vicinity of a satellite when high-power radio waves were transmitted for topside sounding of the ionosphere. It is shown that, in the presence of supersonic Langmuir turbulence, electromagnetic radiation near the local electron plasma frequency can be emitted through the electromagnetic parametric instabilities driven by intense Langmuir waves. The growth rates of these electromagnetic parametric instabilities are shown to be identical to the corresponding growth rates of the electrostatic Langmuir parametric instabilities. It is suggested that the stimulated electromagnetic emission can become a useful diagnostic technique for active experiments in space.']' but very far from '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The electron cooling and ion heating processes in a positive column of an Ar DC discharge are discussed here. The Particle-In-Cell Monte Carlo (PIC MC) method is used which describes the kinetics of electron and ions in plasma-wall interface. The Langmuir probe is applied to study a flame front propagation under the laminar and turbulent mode of combustion.']'.

Question: HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of colorant and resinous components of lac-dye: A comparison between Kerria and Paratachardina genera

A database using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection was created for lac-dye insects (Kerria and Paratachardina genera) in order to identify the red dye used in historical textiles. Lac from Kerria and Paratachardina species was easily distinguished by liquid chromatography coupled to negative electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Seventy-six historical lac-dye specimens and seven reference insect specimens were analyzed and compared with 41 historical carpet samples. Using this approach, the presence of Kerria spp. was identified in three carpets, pointing to an Iranian provenance and corroborating a 16th/17th-century date for them, obtained previously with

This paper reports the extraction of effective component from 10 nature plants, three of which are selected out as promising candidates of mixed bacillus thuringiensis by the restraining bacteria test and insecticidal test of extracts. The insecticidal activity of different organic solvent extracts from the most exploit value plant sabina vulgaris indicates that petroleum ether is the suitable extraction solvent.


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Question: A facile route to ureidopyrimidinone‐functionalized polymers via RAFT

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Three new ureidopyrimidinone(UPy) functionalized chain transfer agents (CTAs) have been synthesized for use in reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) poly merization These UPy CTAs are able to polymerize a wide variety of vinyl monomers to yield UPy functionalized polymers including homopolymers block copolymers and amphiphilic block copolymers These polymers have been characterized via (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy gel permeation chromatography (GPC) UV/visible spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to demonstrate end group fidelity (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals Inc J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 48 5833-5841 2010

Diazo transfer reactions on Behera’s amine and its next-generation analogue formed G0 and G1 azide dendrons bearing three and nine tert-butyl-protected esters, respectively. The utility of the new dendrons was demonstrated by copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition, with 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene, forming two novel dendrimers in a convergent manner. Acid-mediated dendrimer deprotection was successful, and the resulting carboxy-terminated dendrimers were analyzed by NMR and DOSY experiments.


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Question: Predictability of Solids-Not-Fat Content in Milk, ,

Abstract For a long time milk has been evaluated on the basis of its fat content. However, because of the changing preference of diet-conscious consumers and the needs for milk solids by manufacturers of dry milk and cheese, a considerable amount of interest and research has been initiated in recent years to develop a ne basis for evaluating milk (2). The solids-not-fat (SNF) fraction of milk appeared to be a most suitable basis, because it represents the proteins in milk and because accurate methods, adaptable for use by field technicians on series of samples, were available for determination of this fraction (1, 3, 10). While research is proceeding on genetic and environmental factors affecting SNF contents in milk, marketing authorities have hesitated to change the present system of evaluating or pricing milk. Unless SNF is a criterion for pricing milk, dairy cattle breeders have no incentive to test and select sows and bulls for different SNF levels.

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Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Lip-density and Algebras of Lipschitz Functions on Metric Spaces

Our aim in this note is to give an extension of the classical Myers-Nakai theorem in the context of Finsler manifolds. To achieve this, we provide a general result in this line for subalgebras of bounded Lipschitz functions on length metric spaces. We also establish some connection with the uniform approximation of bounded Lipschitz functions by functions in the subalgebra, keeping control on the Lipschitz constants.

Preliminaries and Notation.- Classical Approximation Theorems.- Operational Calculus in One Variable.- Differential Forms.- The -Operator.- The Equation .- The Oka-Weil Theorem.- Operational Calculus in Several Variables.- The Silov Boundary.- Maximality and Rado's Theorem.- Maximum Modulus Algebras.- Hulls of Curves and Arcs.- Integral Kernels.- Perturbations of the Stone?Weierstrass Theorem.- The First Cohomology Group of a Maximal Ideal Space.- The -Operator in Smoothly Bounded Domains.- Manifolds Without Complex Tangents.- Submanifolds of High Dimension.- Boundaries of Analytic Varieties.- Polynomial Hulls of Sets Over the Circle.- Areas.- Topology of Hulls.- Pseudoconvex sets in ?n.- Examples.- Historical Comments and Recent Developments.- Solutions to Some Exercises.


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Question: Filter material for air filters, its manufacturing method and the air filter for having it

The present invention provides a kind of filter material for air filters with beyond previous high PF value and has its air filter.Filter material for air filters of the invention is characterized in that: the wet type nonwoven fabric comprising glass fibre and adhesive fiber containing avarage fiber diameter less than 1 μm, the wet type nonwoven fabric contains fluororesin and interfacial agent, and being free of adhesive resin or containing relative to the fluororesin is 50 mass % adhesive resins below.

A process for preparing a millboard material for the manufacture of glass pulling roll, the millboard material through burning, reduce or eliminate to the maximum extent of the weight loss during operation. Also disclosed is a method of making and using such a pulling roll.


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Question: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Anaplastic Carcinoma with Osteoclastlike Giant Cells of the Thyroid

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid is one of the most malignant tumors and survival for longer than three years after diagnosis is exceptional. Multinucleated giant cells of osteoclastlike appearance are seen un some of the anaplastic carcinoma, but only three cases in which the diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology are reported in the international literature. We experienced a case of anaplastic carcinoma with osteoclastlike giant cells in a 66-yr-old female, diagnosed by FNA cytology. The smears revealed two cell populations: multinucleated giant cells and large polygonal or spindle shaped malignant cells. The FNA cytodiagnosis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma containing osteoclastlike giant cells was substantiated by subsequent biopsy.

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Basic Tissues, Epithelial Tissue, Connective Tissue, Muscular Tissue, Nervous Tissue Cardiovascular System, Blood Vessels, Heart Lymphatic Organs, Diffuse Lymphoid Tissue, Lymph Node, Spleen Digestive Organs, Stomach, Small Intestine, Colon, Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas Respiratory System, Nasal Cavity, Trachea, Lungs Urinary System, Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder Endocrine Organs, Pituitary Gland, Pineal Gland, Thyroid Gland, Adrenal (Interrenal) Gland Reproductive Organs, Ovary, Oviduct, Testes Integument, Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Lateral Line Organ Cranial Structures, Overview of Cranial Structures, Oral Cavity, Epiglottis, Esophagus, Nasal Cavity, Brain, Middle and Inner Ear, Eye and Associated Structures.


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Question: “Walking ATMs”: Do Crime Rates Affect Remittances of Mexican Migrants in the United States?

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This study investigates the relationship between migrant savings, remittances, and crime. Using a model in which the migrant maximizes utility over the choice of storing savings in the United States or in Mexico, the migrant’s decision is determined in part by the potential of losing part of his income to theft. Using probit and Tobit analysis I test this model, finding evidence that higher probabilities of victimization lead migrants to alter their remitting behavior. In particular, I find that increased robbery rates reduce the size and incidence of remittances, whereas increased burglary rates increase the size and incidence of remittances.

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Farm Spending and Local Selling: How Do They Match Up?; Changing Fiscal Patterns for Minnesota County Governments


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Meredith Kahn leads group discussion

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Photograph of Meredith Kahn, (center left) Women's Studies & Open Access Librarian, leading a group discussion among other attendees at the Library Publishing Forum 2016 Conference. Visiting faculty from other Universities are present in the room.

A guide and warehouse of materials used and discussed at the 3/12 pedagogy workshop with Dr. Jeff Liles.


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Question: Splines via dynamic programming

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Abstract Approximating a function with prescribed values at given points on a real interval by a cubic spline is based on the minimum curvature property of the approximation. This essential feature can be used as the criterion to determine the cubic polynomial approximation in each interval in a sequential manner by methods of dynamic programming. A stable system of recurrence relations for the coefficients of the spline in successive intervals is obtained by the methods of dynamic programming and they are shown to be identical with the usual relations of the spline approximation. Extension of this method to other types of splines is also considered.

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We have given an algorithm to obtain the simplest form of containing n symbols Mi following formula: which is very useful in Discrete Event Dynamic Systems.


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Question: Mobility in Smart Cities: Will Automated Vehicles Take It Over?

This chapter aims to develop an empirical roadmap for the public sector on how to implement automated transport in the urban context. This is a theory-driven and empirics-tested approach, meaning that innovation concepts and smart city frameworks will be mapped with examples from the real-life urban cases. It is expected that smart city aims to solve actual real-life global problems, and thus United Nations sustainable development goals in the case of cities are used. As a framework, main drivers and barriers will be analysed in order to provide public sector decision-makers both negative and positive effects of the automated urban transport.

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Contents: The Information Society - The Digital Divide - The Digital Practice Perspective - The Digital Practice of Weak Tie Development - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Family Ties via Mobile Phone - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Digital Enclaves - The Digital Practice Perspective and Social Policy: Improving the Social, Cultural, and Civic Quality of the Digital Environment - Conclusion: Smart Mobs, Flash Mobs, Flash Robs and the Revolutionary Potential of the Digital Environment.


Question: On asymptotic analysis of spectral problems in elasticity

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The three-dimensional spectral elasticity problem is studied in an anisotropic and inhomogeneous solid with small defects, i.e., inclusions, voids, and microcracks. Asymptotics of eigenfrequencies and the corresponding elastic eigenmodes are constructed and justified. New technicalities of the asymptotic analysis are related to variable coefficients of differential operators, vectorial setting of the problem, and usage of intrinsic integral characteristics of defects. The asymptotic formulae are developed in a form convenient for application in shape optimization and inverse problems.

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Provided: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A small antipodal Vivaldi antenna with rectangular slits at sun-shaped configuration and a half elliptical-shaped dielectric lens is designed for microwave and millimeter-wave imaging applications. The slits are developed to extend low end of frequency band and increase antenna gain at lower frequencies, while the lens is applied to this antenna to feature high gain at higher frequencies, high front-to-back ratio, low sidelobe and cross-polarization levels, narrow half-power beamwidth, and modification on E-plane tilt of beam. A prototype of the antenna with small size of 30 × 55 × 0.508 mm3 is fabricated and employed as a part of microwave and millimeter-wave imaging system. Applicability of the proposed antenna for 3-D and 2-D images of targets such as rubber discs and metal rods at different depths inside construction materials including foam and plasterboard sheet-layered structures is demonstrated. High-range resolution images are achieved by applying synthetic aperture radar algorithm.']" Match: "['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract\nE.g. Polycyanovinyl Transition Metal Derivatives == An important principle in cyanocarbon chemistry1 is the analogy between the oxygen atom and the dicyanomethylene moiety in many compounds.2,3 On the basis of this analogy polycyanovinyl halides (I) correspond to acyl halides and thus should be reactive towards nucleophiles in contrast to ordinary vinyl halides, which are relatively unreactive towards nucleophiles. Such considerations suggested reactions of polycyanovinyl halides with metal carbonyl anions4 as a method for the preparation of novel polycyanovinyl transition metal derivatives. != Perspectives and Summary 227 Structure 228 Reductases 230 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formaldehyde ...... 233 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formate 240 Reaction of the One-Carbon Unit at the Methyl Leve/ of Oxidation 244 Pterin-Dependent Hydraxy/ations 245', 'Improved Radiation Characteristics of Small Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Imaging Applications']"

A boundary element method based on the Cauchy's integral formulae and the theory of complex hypersingular integrals is devised for the numerical solution of boundary value problems governed by a system of second-order elliptic partial differential equations. The elliptic system has applications in physical problems involving anisotropic media.


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Question: Polymer-ceramic composite electrolytes

A polymer-ceramic composite electrolyte is provided which may be formed into a thin film having a room temperature conductivity of from 10-5 S cm-1 to 10-3 S cm-1. In one embodiment, the composite electrolyte comprises from about 30 to 60% by weight poly(ethylene oxide), from about 10 to 20% by weight lithium tetrafluoroborate, and from about 25 to 60% by weight lithium nitride. The film is preferably produced by mixing and grinding the components, then placing the ground mixture in a die and compacting the mixture to form a disc which is then flattened. The resulting film is annealed to ensure high conductivity at room temperature.

The aim of this work is to study the feasibility of infiltrating mullite whisker preforms with a liquid magnesium aluminosilicate glass for the fabrication of ceramic/glass and ceramic/glass-ceramic composites.


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Question: Ground simulation analysis of satellite-ground optical communication based on tracking error compensation

In order to analyze the impact of tracking error on the satellite-ground optical communication link,the received optical signal was collected with the LabVIEW.The time-domain characteristics of optical signals at the receiving end were obtained under different tracking conditions according to theoretical analysis and experiment.The experiment results show that the system can be stable when the tracking error is 10μrad and the output power is 23dBm.By contrast,the system becomes unstable when the tracking error is up to 8 0μrad or servo system starts to shake.

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MIMO radar has received significant attention to radar communities recently. This paper presents a novel scheme for wide-swath and high-resolution synthetic aperture radar based on a MIMO UWB-OFDM system. The swath is increased based on a new approach for orthogonal pulse-shaping and MIMO wide-swath SAR topology. The resolution is improved using UWB-OFDM waveforms. Performance is further enhanced using image fusion techniques to benefit from the potentials of multi-sensor imagery such as noise level reduction.


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Question: Therapy improvement in two out-patient mental health clinics.

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This study describes clients, therapists, treatment characteristics, and therapy outcomes for 551 consecutive, first-time clients at two out-patient mental health clinics. Significant improvement was found on target problems, global outcome ratings, and Hopkins Symptom Checklist scores for clients who mutually terminated therapy. The target problem and outcome ratings remained higher for this group than for dropouts at a six-month follow-up interview. Clients who improved most were those who were initially most uncomfortable and disturbed. Improvement was also strongly related to the number of therapy sessions. The implications of these and other results are discussed.

AbstractThis qualitative study explored the experiences of social workers, nurses, and physicians providing end-of-life care to children in a pediatric acute-care hospital setting. Findings demonst...


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Examples:
Provided: ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Bestiaries and Their Users in the Middle Ages'] Match: ['', 'The story of a discourse narrative in the physiologus the Latin bestiary in England patterns of consumption consumption and narration a return to the discourse.'] Hard Negative: ['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', "Introduction 1. Classical Latin Women Poets 2. Epigraphy as a Source for Early Imperial Women's Verse 3. Women and Latin Poetry in Late Antiquity 4. Women Poets in Early Medieval Europe 5. Women and Latin Verse in the High Middle Ages 6. Italy: Renaissance Women Scholars 7. Women and Latin in Renaissance France 8. Women Latin Poets in Spain and Portugal 9. Women Latinists of the Renaissance in Northern and Central Europe 10. Women Latinists in Sixteenth-Century England 11. Italian Women Poets of the Sixteenth Century and After 12. French women Latinists in the 'Grand Siecle' 13. Anna Maria van Schurman and Other Women Scholars of Northern and Central Europe 14. Women and Latin in Early Modern England 15. The New World Bibliographies"]

Question: Synthesis of 1,2-Dihydroquinolines by Co(III)-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation of Anilides with Benzylallenes

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A cobalt-catalyzed C–H/N–H annulation of anilides with allenes to synthesize 1,2-dihydroquinolines is described. The reaction proceeds via a C–H activation, allene insertion, followed by β-hydride elimination and an intramolecular 1,4-addition to a butadiene-group-containing intermediate. Allenes act as a three-carbon source in the present C–H activation strategy.

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1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: Embedded Smart Cameras as Key Components in Reactive Sensor Systems

A system for detecting certain improperly soldered electrical component connections to a printed circuit board includes methods and apparatus providing an automated means for detecting unsoldered component leads is disclosed. A connection pad divided into two portions, or land areas is bridged by the component lead when soldered. A test pad connected to one of the land areas provides a test point for detecting the presence or absence of an open circuit condition through the lead of an electrical component to a point in the circuit to which it is to be electrically connected.

Part 1: Application Mapping and Communication Infrastructure: Virtualization in NOCs--Enhanced MPSOC Robustness and Performance Verification.-HW Support to Exploit Parallelism in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Multicore System-on-Chip.-PALLAS: Mapping Applications onto Manycore.-Part 2: Reconfigurable Hardware in Multiprocessor Systems: Adaptive Multiprocessor System on Chip Architecture.-Designing FPGA Systems with Many Processors.-Part 3: Physical Design of Multiprocessor Systems: Design tools and methods for chip physical design.-Challenges in Physical Design for Multi- and Manycore Hardware Architectures.


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Question: Electron impact excitation of the 2Po to 4Pe transition in S IV

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The authors present collision strengths for the 3s23p2Po to 3s3P24Pe transition in S IV calculated using the R-matrix method. At low energies the cross section is dominated by resonances which are considered in detail for two partial waves. Collision rates for a Maxwellian distribution are larger than previous values and in better agreement with those implied by observations of S IV emission lines in the solar spectrum.

Lifetimes have been measured for 14 levels belonging to the z4P0, z4D0, z6P0, z6D0, and z6F0 terms of CrII using laser-induced fluorescence of a fast beam. The results are compared with earlier LIF...


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Question: Universality of random permutations

It is a classical fact that for any $\varepsilon>0$, a random permutation of length $n = (1 + \varepsilon) k^2 / 4$ typically contains a monotone subsequence of length $k$. As a far-reaching generalization, Alon conjectured that a random permutation of this same length $n$ is typically $k$-universal, meaning that it simultaneously contains every pattern of length $k$. He also made the simple observation that for $n = O(k^2 \log k)$, a random length-$n$ permutation is typically $k$-universal. We make the first significant progress towards Alon's conjecture by showing that $n = 2000 k^2 \log \log k$ suffices.

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The collection of terminal subcontinua in the theory of homogeneous continua and some problems concerning atomic mapping, cell-like mapping connected with homogeneity are studied.


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Question: On the matrices over a polynomial ring

In this paper, the concepts of the least common multiple of polynomial matrices and the prime polynomial matrix are introduced, and some algebraic properties of the greatest common divisor and of the least common multiple of polynomial matrices are given. So, the factorization of a polynomial matrix is obtained.

We obtain infinite products related to the concept of visible from the origin point vectors.


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Question: Analysis of the Advantages and Drawbacks of PPP Approach in Teaching Grammar of a Second Language

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This paper is aiming at analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of PPP approach in teaching L2 grammar. PPP approach, referring to the method of Presentation, Practice and Production, is one of the traditional language teaching instructions in classroom. There are advantages and drawbacks using PPP to teach grammar. It can benefit both L2 teachers and learners whereas it limits learner autonomy and the interaction among learners in language grammar teaching classroom.

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


Question: Vehicle audio system with headrest incorporated loudspeakers

A vehicle audio system includes at least two loudspeakers incorporated into a headrest of a vehicle. Protective caps are provided for the loudspeakers at the headrest above each of the two loudspeakers and extend at least partially in a direction in which sound is emitted from the loudspeakers. An audio signal processor receives an audio input signal and is configured for generating audio output signals for the two loudspeakers such that the audio output signals are perceived by a user sitting on a seat on which the headrest is provided as a virtual soundfield. A database includes cap compensating information that compensates for an influence by the protective caps on the audio output signals emitted by the two loudspeakers. The audio signal processor is further configured for generating the virtual soundfield for said user taking into account the cap compensating information.

An earpiece comprises a suction cup sensor, a preamplifier, a potentiometer for varying the gain of the amplifier, a pass band filter and electronic means enabling the user to adjust the central frequency and/or the width of the pass band of the filter. One application of the invention is the construction of self-contained and individualized telephone handsets or headphones which may be connected without any wire connection on any telephone set.


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Question: Setpoint regulation of continuum robots using a fixed camera

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In this paper, we investigate the problem of measuring the shape of a continuum robot manipulator using visual information from a fixed camera. Specifically, we capture the motion of a set of fictitious planes, each formed by four or more feature points, defined at various strategic locations along the body of the robot. Then, utilizing expressions for the robot forward kinematics as well as the decomposition of a homography relating a reference image of the robot to the actual robot image, we obtain the three-dimensional shape information continuously. We then use this information to demonstrate the development of a kinematic controller to regulate the manipulator end-effector to a constant desired position and orientation.

We solve the direct problem of mathematical modelling as it applies to the shaping part of autocompensation systems implementing the principles of combined control of radio-signal amplitude.


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Question: A representation for the generating density of convex bodies

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We get a new representation for the generating density of convex bodies in R 3 in terms of curvature radii of their projections, which is dual to the classical representation of W. Blaschke.

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In this article the author proves local Lipschitz properties of two selections for the space of convex hulls of n points and compacts of the complete convex Busemann metric space.


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Question: Motor skill learning requires active central myelination

Myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OLs) are formed continuously in the healthy adult brain. In this work, we study the function of these late-forming cells and the myelin they produce. Learning a new motor skill (such as juggling) alters the structure of the brain's white matter, which contains many OLs, suggesting that late-born OLs might contribute to motor learning. Consistent with this idea, we show that production of newly formed OLs is briefly accelerated in mice that learn a new skill (running on a "complex wheel" with irregularly spaced rungs). By genetically manipulating the transcription factor myelin regulatory factor in OL precursors, we blocked production of new OLs during adulthood without affecting preexisting OLs or myelin. This prevented the mice from mastering the complex wheel. Thus, generation of new OLs and myelin is important for learning motor skills.

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A study shows that updating visual perceptual skills is an active process with many similarities to memory plasticity. Using classic behavioural techniques and new brain imaging tools, the authors show that this perceptual skill can undergo reconsolidation.


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Question: Development of Ru/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5//Ru capacitor technology for giga-scale DRAMs

In this paper, the Ru/crystalline-Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5//Ru capacitor was investigated. We studied the electrical properties and introduced an Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ capping layer to prohibit the degradation of the leakage current resulted from H/sub 2/ annealing. Also, the Ru cylinder-type structure was suggested as a 3-dimensional storage node shape and was confirmed in its extendibility to 0.1 /spl mu/m-scaled design rule.

Excellent rectifying characteristics are demonstrated in the fab-friendly n-Si/HfO 2 /Ni/TiN devices with rectification ratio of >107 and the driving current of 1mA as a 1D-like selector. The rectified unipolar switching behaviors are demonstrated in the 1D1R cell structured with a diode-like device of n-Si/HfO 2 /Ni/TiN (1D) and a unipolar RRAM of n+-Si/HfO x /Ni/TiN (1R). Based on the measured I–V characteristics, these excellent selection behavior can be implemented in the cross-bar memory array of >64K bits RRAM with large read margin.


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Question: Quantification of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables by Different Chromatographic Techniques

Cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid residues were determined in different vegetables. During 2013, samples were collected from different six major vegetable markets from Lahore. Ethyl acetate was used for extraction, whattman fluted filter and charcoal was used for cleaning procedure. High performance thin layer chromatography was used for detection, as well as quantification of pesticides. Confirmation of results was done by using gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometer. From results, it was concluded that different vegetables contain different concentration of pesticides means adsorption rate is different for each pesticide and vegetable. 79% samples were contaminated with cypermethrin, 70% from imidacloprid and 65% samples were contaminated from chlorpyrifos. Pumpkin, okra, egg plant, cucumber spinach and cabbage were contaminated with pesticides. Peeling of vegetables resulted in less concentration of pesticide.

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1 Overview of Forensic Drug Analysis 2 Immunoassay Technologies For Drugs-of-Abuse Testing 3 Cannabis: Methods of Forensic Analysis 4 Analysis of the Hallucinogens 5 Cocaine: Methods of Forensic Analysis 6 Opioids: Methods of Forensic Analysis 7 Amphetamines: Methods of Forensic Analysis 8 Illicit Drug Manufacture (with an Emphasis on Cladestine Methamphetamine Production): Synthetic Methods and Law Enforcement Concerns


Question: represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract The provided query could be '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Kawasaki Disease in a Tertiary Pediatric Referral Center in Athens, Greece and Review of the Literature']' and the positive '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute febrile mucotaneous lymph node syndrome, was initially described as a distinct clinical entity in 1967 by the Japanese physician, Dr Tomisaku Kawasaki (Kawasaki et al., 1974). Today the disease is recognized as an acute self limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that predominantly affects young children of all racial and ethnic groups (Shulman et al., 1987). It is characterised by prolonged fever unresponsive to antibiotics, a polymorphous skin rash, erythema of the oral mucosa, lips and tongue, erythema of the palms and soles, bilateral conjunctival injection and cervical lymphadenopathy. This disease has become the leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in the developed world, with coronary artery aneurysms occurring in up to 25% of untreated cases (Newburger & Fulton, 2004).']' and the negative '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Increasing Rate of Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS in Iranian Chil-dren: An Alarm for Health Policymakers']'

Question: The influence of diffusion absorption refrigeration cycle configuration on the performance

Abstract Based on a full thermodynamic model for ammonia–water diffusion absorption refrigeration (DAR) cycle with hydrogen as the auxiliary inert gas, the performance of two fundamental configurations of a DAR cycle, with and without condensate sub-cooling prior to the evaporator entrance, were studied and compared. The performances of the two cycles were examined parametrically by computer simulations. Mass and energy conservation equations were developed for each component of the cycles and solved numerically. It was found that the DAR cycle without condensate sub-cooling shows higher COP of 14–20% in compare with the DAR cycle with the condensate sub-cooling, but it occurs at higher evaporator temperature of about 15 °C.

A definition is given of the wet compression efficiency, a thermodynamics index for evaluating the perfection level of a wet compression process. Studied are the performance features and mechanism of a simple gas turbine cycle incorporating wet compression with water spraying at a compressor inlet. Compared with a conventional simple gas turbine cycle the wet compression based gas turbine has enormous potential in enhancing the performance of a gas turbine cycle.


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Question: MEN DIDN'T HAVE TO PROVE THEY COULD FLY, BUT WOMEN DID /

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SUBTITLE: TO COMBAT THE PERCEPTION THAT WOMEN FLIERS WERE FREAKS, IN 1929 A GROUP CALLED THE 99S WAS FORMED: AND IT'S STILL GOING STRONG TODAY.

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A COLLECTION OF THUGHFUL, ELOQUENT ESSAYS BY LEADING AUSTRALIAN WOMEN ACTIVISTS AND INTELLECTUALS ON THE EFFECT ON THEIR LIVES AND CHARACTERS OR THE PLACES THEY HAVE LIVED AND WORKED IN.


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Question: Prediction and Measurement of Propagation Rate Coefficients in Terpolymerization Reactions. Part II. Experimental Study

ABSTRACTThe terpolymerization propagation kinetics of p-methoxystyrene, styrene and methyl methacrylate were investigated using pulsed-laser polymerization. In this work we used parameters obtained from the constituent copolymerization reactions to predict the propagation rate coefficients expected on the basis of an implicit penultimate unit model. In other words the model prediction was made with no adjustable parameters. We showed that this model could predict the experimental propagation rate coefficient values in this terpolymerization. This provides strong evidence for the validity of the implicit penultimate unit model.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Distribution and provenance implication of rare earth elements and Sr-Nd isotopes in surface sediments of Jiulong River, Southeast China

Purpose ::: The purposes of this paper are to investigate the geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) in the surface sediments of Jiulong River, southeast China, to probe the provenance compositions of the sediments, and to analyze the potential anthropogenic influence on REEs in the sediments. REEs and Sr-Nd isotopes were selected as the tools because REEs can be used to identify the anthropogenic effects on sediments and Sr-Nd isotopes have been widely known as powerful tracers for provenance analysis.

Major,trace element characteristics and zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating of the Luyashan augite-monzonites and Yunzhongshan granites in Luliang area,Shanxi Provice indicate that the Luyashan augite-monzonites and Yunzhongshan granites belong to the post-orogenic granite. Zircon grains from the Luyashan augite-diorite yield a SHRIMP U-Pb age of 1 794±13 Ma and zircon grains from the Yunzhongshan granite a SHRIMP age of 1 801±11 Ma. Determination of post-orogenic granites at ca. 1 800 Ma provides direct evidence for constraints on the ending time of the orogeny at the end of Paleoproterozoic.


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Question: Dopamine in Motor Cortex Is Necessary for Skill Learning and Synaptic Plasticity

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Preliminary evidence indicates that dopamine given by mouth facilitates the learning of motor skills and improves the recovery of movement after stroke. The mechanism of these phenomena is unknown. Here, we describe a mechanism by demonstrating in rat that dopaminergic terminals and receptors in primary motor cortex (M1) enable motor skill learning and enhance M1 synaptic plasticity. Elimination of dopaminergic terminals in M1 specifically impaired motor skill acquisition, which was restored upon DA substitution. Execution of a previously acquired skill was unaffected. Reversible blockade of M1 D1 and D2 receptors temporarily impaired skill acquisition but not execution, and reduced long-term potentiation (LTP) within M1, a form of synaptic plasticity critically involved in skill learning. These findings identify a behavioral and functional role of dopaminergic signaling in M1. DA in M1 optimizes the learning of a novel motor skill.

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Willner: Methods for Assessing the Validity of Animal Models of Human Psychopathology. Lyon: Animal Models with Parallels to Schizophrenia. Schmajuk/Tyberg: The Hippocampal Lesion Model of Schizophrenia. Martin-Iverson: An Animal Model of Stimulant Psychoses. Ellison: Animal Models of Hallucinations: Continuous Stimulants. Lyon: Animal Models for the Symptoms of Mania. Rosengarten/Schweitzer/Friedhoff: Animal Models in Tardive Dyskinesia. Pierce/Epling: Activity Anorexia: An Animal Model and Theory of Human Self-Starvation. Feldon/Weiner: An Animal Model of Attention Deficit. Ellison/See: A Computerized Methodology for the Study of Neuroleptic-Induced Oral Dyskinesias. Index.


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Question: Study on method of data standardization in interferometric testing

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As a rule, Interferometers are used to test the figure in the polishing phase of optical component, it could provide ::: advance tutor suggestion for manufacturing. It is unable to get the whole wave-front interferogram usually because ::: phase-shift Interferometry is sensitive to environment vibration, so the exactly interference data of the optical surface ::: could not be obtained. Various spatial point on the tested optical component will be given by calculation method about ::: arithmetic average value of equal accuracy is provied. This paper describes the testing results of optical components in ::: size Φ1200mm, it is proved the method could eliminate the vibration effectively and get the standardization data.

The paper introduces the traits,operating technology and the effect of the environmental-permeable face brick.


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Question: 15N tracing model SimKIM to analyse the NO and N2O production during autotrophic, heterotrophic nitrification, and denitrification in soils

An adjusted model was developed to analyse measured data of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide fluxes from an arable black earth soil. The existing models for kinetic isotope studies ignore N-trace gas fluxes. The novel model includes both N-gas production by heterotrophic and autotrophic nitrification and N-gas production and consumption by denitrification. Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide production through nitrification was simulated following the ‘hole-in-the-pipe’ model (4: M.K. Firestone et al. Microbiological basis of NO and N2O production and consumption in soil), N-gas production by denitrification was described with first-order kinetics. The model has been evaluated in a triplicate laboratory experiment, which involved three treatments (glycine, , or -pool labeled) to distinguish the different sources of N2O and NO. Heterotrophic nitrification was negligible, whereas autotrophic nitrification and denitrification occur simultaneously in soils. Nitrification was the main source of NO and N2O in the blac...

Abstract Spirulina platensis was able to grow on glucose heterotrophically in aerobic-dark conditions as well as mixotrophycally in the light. The cell concentration of the mixotrophic cultures corresponded well to the sum of the autotrophic and heterotrophic cell concentrations. These results suggested that autotrophic (photosynthesis) and heterotrophic (oxidative metabolism of glucose) growth functioned independently in mixotrophic growth on glucose.


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Question: Melt extrusion bioadhesive delivery of diclofenac sodium granules using theobroma oil.

Carbopol 941 (C-941), a bioadhesive polymer and theobroma oil (TEO) were used in the formulation of melt extrusion bioadhesive tablets (MEBT) of diclofenac (DC). Different batches of the MEBT were formulated using different combinations of C-941 granules containing DC and TEO. The bioadhesive properties of the tablets were studied using a tensiometer by measuring the bioadhesive strength generated when the tablet interacts with the mucus of everted hog jejunum. Some physical properties of the tablets evaluated were weight uniformity, crushing strength, friability, tablet thickness and diameter liquefaction time and absolute drug content. Release of DC from the MEBT was carried out in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), pH 7.2. The tablets had low liquefaction times and were highly bioadhesive. Result of the study indicated that TEO could be used in the formulation of MEBT of DC granulated with C-941 for prolonged and controlled delivery of DC.

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A preparation technology, characterization and release performance of pterostilbene cyclodextrin inclusion is investigated.


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Question: Exponentially evolving densities

The notion of a conserved density is generalized to those densities whose integrals evolve exponentially. In the formal differential algebra used to find them, only a slight modification of the conserved density case is needed. Various examples for quasilinear evolution equations are given and an application to finding higher‐order conserved densities by taking the Poisson bracket of exponentially evolving densities is indicated.

Why certain biostructures are fractal is explained using a model of vascular embryogenesis. Deterministic non-linear growth creates self- similarity. Fractal scaling relationships arise because vascular and host tissue growth are coupled, and each is exponential in time. This origin of a fractal anatomy from a non-linear growth physiology can be generalized to other biofractals.


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Question: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency

It is the first book to give a clear and concise overview of how this group of conditions affects adult patients, a that topic will become a growing imperative for physicians across primary and specialized care.

Perspectives and Summary 227 Structure 228 Reductases 230 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formaldehyde ...... 233 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formate 240 Reaction of the One-Carbon Unit at the Methyl Leve/ of Oxidation 244 Pterin-Dependent Hydraxy/ations 245


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Question: Managing crises, one text at a time

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Crisis Text Line CTO Jason Bennett shares his insight on the technology behind this helpline using text to reach people in need of counseling during times of crisis.

The transition from full time to part time can be a difficult one. Here's how to make it work for you and your practice.


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Question: Methods of Foreign Words' Translation into Chinese

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As for frequent international communication,the loanwords in modern Chinese vocabulary system have been increasing.These loanwords include four categories: pure transliteration of foreign words,transliteration-meaning translation,transliteration-kind name and foreign language acronym.In the current process of loanwords using,there are problems such as the popularity of loanwords from Hong Kong and Taiwan,increased variant of loanwords,and improper use of acronyms.While using loanwords in modern Chinese language,the original foreign words must be translated into Chinese properly to meet the habits of modern Chinese pronunciation,rules of lexicology and grammar.While translating,it should follow the "flexible principles" to guide and regulate it so as to promote the healthy development of modern Chinese language.

MGH Guides. CD 824 Diagnostic Methods and Clinical Processes in Reading and Writing Disorders. Home.


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Question: A quick glance at selected topics in this issue

A quick glance at selected topics in this issue aims to highlight contents of the Journal and provide a quick review to the readers.

A look into the history of and introduction to the basics of American Sign language Discussion Board


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Question: Plastic flow in b c c solid solutions

Available data on the temperature dependence of the CRSS of potassium, sodium, niobium, tantalum and of several binary bcc alloys are examined with reference to the kink-pair process of dislocation movement described by Butt and Feltham [1]. The model is found to account for the observations on the pure metals; equally the temperature and concentration dependence of the CRSS of the alloys are encompassed by it when the alloy-atom pinning of edge dislocations becomes strong enough to render the latter less mobile under stress than the screws.

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The paper introduces that citrin composite retarder restrains nccorete tiny crack icon nstruction of pouring concrete in hot season.


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Question: Spectral minimum and giant enhancement in photoelectron spectra from xenon atoms driven by intense midinfrared laser fields.

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Our theoretical study shows that the spectral minimum and the giant enhancement structures observed in the high harmonic spectra also exist in the photoelectron spectra from driven Xe atoms. They are attributed to the inherent property of the radial part of the wave function of the Xe $5p$ subshell in momentum space. The spectral minimum is caused by the nodal point in the modulus of the radial wave function in momentum space, and the giant enhancement reflects the increase in magnitude of the modulus of the wave function. To observe these structures, midinfrared lasers of about $0.2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{PW}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ intensity are preferred. Employing circularly polarized laser light is suggested for exhibiting these structures in photoelectron spectra.

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We propose and demonstrate a compact apparatus for generating circularly-polarized high-harmonics. Inserting the apparatus into the pump beamline of a standard system generating linearly-polarized high-harmonics, converts it into a source of circularly-polarized high-harmonics.


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Question: Price Discovery in Chinese Stock Index Futures Market: New Evidence Based on Intraday Data

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Using high-frequency data, this study investigates price discovery in the newly established stock index (CSI300) futures market in China. Our empirical results reveal new evidence that the CSI300 index futures market play a dominant role in the price discovery process about one year after its inception and new information is disseminated more rapidly in the stock index futures market than the stock market. This is different from findings in the previous literature. Our results also imply that the index futures market has evolved and can be used as a price discovery vehicle. Thus the CSI300 stock index futures market plays an important role in the capital markets in China.

ETFs - A Leading Financial Innovation.- From Continent to Sectors: Challenges and Uses of ETFs in Europe.- Spiders: Where Are the Bugs?.- Xetra Active Funds (XAF) - More than "Just" Index Tracking.- The Role of Exchange Traded Funds in the Active vs. Passive Debate.- ETFs - Tactical Asset Allocation Tools.- Exchange Traded Funds from a Lawyer's Perspective - The Case of Germany.- Liquidity and Innovation - Nothing Else Matters.- The Gateway to International Islamic Investing.- Review: Facts & Figures on ETFs.


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Question: Study of streamer inception under impulse voltage in liquid cyclohexane

We study streamer initiation in liquid cyclohexane, in a point-plane geometry under impulse voltage. A new differential charge measurement system, allowing a high sensitivity to be obtained under impulse voltage (below 0.1 pC), is presented. The investigations presented concern the influence of applied voltage, impulse rise time and hydrostatic pressure. Under DC voltage, the negative streamer initiation is due to an avalanche in the liquid phase, and is not affected by pressure. In contrast, positive streamer initiation shows some variation when the pressure is increased.

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Initiation of combustion of a stoichiometric propane-oxygen mixture in a bubble located in an electrolyte near a dielectric or metallic wall is performed in experiments. It is demonstrated that combustion in the bubble is initiated by an electric explosion-breakdown of a thin electrolyte layer along the bubble boundary.


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Question: Combining Algorithms for Recommendation System on Twitter

Twitter has rapidly increased in popularity over the past few years. So, we have focused on Twitter as it has a large scale of data which is increasingly difficult to search through. In this paper, we propose recommendations for content on Twitter. We explored four dimensions in designing such as: topic relevance of content sources, the content candidate set for users, social voting and Meta data mapping. We implemented 24 algorithms for analysis of 12,000 records for three domains as follows: entertainment, stock exchange and smart phone in the design space. The best performing algorithm improved the percentage of correct matching interesting content to 23.86%.

Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase


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Question: Lineshape of inter-subband optical transitions in space charge layers

Broadening of the inter-subband optical spectra caused by static scatterers is studied both in the absence and presence of a magnetic field normal to space charge layers on semiconductor surfaces. The width of the spectrum is not given by a simple arithmetic average of the widths of the subbands between which the transition takes place. We have a correction term, which cancels a part of the broadening due to intra-subband scattering process in some cases. Under strong magnetic fields, the lineshape depends on the relative position of the two subbands because of the discreteness of the density of states.

Terahertz plasmonic crystals of several periods are formed from a GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron gas. The coupling between defect and crystal surface states known as Tamm states induces a transparency in the plasmonic crystal band gap.


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Question: Philosophical Aspects of the Group Selection Controversy

This article is primarily a study of the group selection controversy, with special emphasis on the period from 1962 to the present, and the rise of inclusive fitness theory. Interest is focused on the relations between individual fitness theory and other fitness theories and on the methodological imperatives used in the controversy over the status of these theories. An appendix formalizes the notion of "assertive part" which is used in the informal discussion of the methodological imperatives elicited from the controversy.

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1. The Genesis of Phenomenology. 2. Husserl's Early Treatments of Intersubjectivity. 3. Edith Stein's Hermeneutic Theory. 4. Edith Stein's Hermeneutic Practices. 5. Interpretations of Edith Stein. 6. Science as Literacy. Appendix 1: Dissertations and Theses on Edith Stein. Appendix 2: Critique of Bordo's Empathy Theory. References. Index.


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For example, '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about!', 'Fiducial inference for location and scale parameters']' should have a representation like '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title:', 'SUMMARY Some recent papers on fiducial inference for location and scale parameters are examined from the transformation-parameter viewpoint developed in Fraser (1961a,b). For the multivariate normal case with a covariance matrix of known form, an apparent conflict between two fiducial distributions is found to be due to the inappropriate use of one of the distributions. For the multivariate normal case with an unknown covariance matrix, the Fisher-Cornish fiducial distribution for the means is apparently invalid as its derivation violates accepted rules for obtaining fiducial distributions. A fiducial distribution can, however, be developed from the transformation-parameter model and it utilizes additional structure in the form of regressions among the co-ordinates of the basic variable. The alternative fiducial distribution in Statistical Methods and Scientifc Inference (Fisher, 1956) is in conflict with this transformation-parameter fiducial distribution.']' but very far from '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'In the exponential families framework, we provide a mixing distribution which assures the equivalence between the conditional and the random-effects likelihoods, two widely used tools to make inference on a parameter of interest in the case of many nuisance parameters.']'.

Question: PD Control Arithmetic of Novel Force Sense Bilateral Hydraulic Servo System

The force feedback technology is a new kind of tele-operated robot,and it is of broad practical foreground to study in this aspect.In A novel force feedback bilateral servo system is presented through studying and analyzing traditional force feedbck control systems in this field,which regards the difference between the master's manipulative force and the master's resistance as command signal,simultaneity,the difference between the slave's displacement and the master's displacement is fed back for driving movement of the slave.The arithmetic takes on control briefness,constringency rate rapidness,real-time well,and improves dynamic characteristic of system.

OAK B204 Novel Glassy Nematic Liquid Crystals for Non-destructive Rewritable Optical Memory and Photonic Switching


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Question: Toward a Multistakeholder Model of Foreign Policy Making in Korea? Big Business and Korea-US Relations

Taking the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA) as a case study, I examine the influence of Korean big business in shaping Korea-US relations. For more than a half century, the ROK-US alliance has played a safety-pin role in preserving peace and stability on the Korean peninsula. However, the KORUS FTA has been a catalyst for building a new version of the alliance. While many studies on Korean foreign policy have centered solely on the roles of state actors, the democratization and pluralization of the foreign policy making process has made a multistakeholder model more relevant in explaining Korea's decisions. From that perspective, the article investigates the influence of big business in Korea on promoting the KORUS FTA and transforming the bilateral alliance. Based upon various internal and external policy networks, the major Korean business associations played advocacy and educational roles in advancing the new economic and security alliance with the United States.

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Preface Acknowledgements Introduction 1. The EU: A Regional System of Integrative Governance 2. The Theoretical Dialogue Concerning the Study of European Integration 3. European Union Foreign Policy 4. The EU Foreign Policy System: Development of Institutions, Instruments and Practices 5. Contemporary Trends in EU Foreign Policy 6. Transatlantic Case Studies: Networks in the EU Foreign Policy Making Final Thoughts on EU Foreign Policy Bibliography Index.


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Question: Turbulence and mixing in a stratified shear flow

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Abstract The characteristics of turbulence in the upper mixed layer and the nature of the sheared density interface of a two-fluid system, with a driven upper layer and a stagnant lower layer, were studied experimentally. The experiments were performed in a recirculating water channel and the mean flow in the upper layer was generated using a disk pump. A laser-Doppler velocimeter (with refractive-index matching) was used for velocity measurements and the techniques of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and plunging conductivity probes were used for concentration measurements. A number of turbulent length scales, and r.m.s. and mean velocity distributions in the upper mixed layer were measured. Images obtained using LIF were used to visualize the interfacial mixing events and to measure the thickness of the interfacial layer, the amplitude of the interfacial distortions, and the velocity fluctuations at the entrainment interface. The functional dependencies of measured parameters on the interfacial bulk Ric...

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A full multigrid procedure is incorporated in a finite volume solution for predicting fully developed fluid flow in a streamwise periodic geometry.


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represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about

E.g. given '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'The Impact of Microwaves on the Future of the Food Industry: Domestic and Commercial Microwave Ovens*']' it should be close to '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title\n------\nFor instance, <<I review the current methods of extracting parameters from cluster colour-magnitude diagrams, and compare them with the requirements for extracting the new information available from the next generation of optical and infrared sky surveys. I conclude that the basic statistical tools are beginning to emerge, but that there are significant problems with optical pre-main-sequence isochrones which will severely limit our ability to determine parameters for pre-main-sequence populations. In addition we need better tools to use the information relating background and foreground contamination which the sky surveys will provide.>>  to "Cluster Parameter Determinations for Large Datasets"', 'ABSTRACTMicrowave ovens are here to stay. Their use, both domestically and commercially, is growing by leaps and bounds in the U.S.A. In 1972 there were over 450,000 microwave ovens in homes in this country, representing a 0.7% saturation of the market. This figure is expected to pass the 3,000,000 mark within the next five years thus exceeding 5% saturation. It is important that the microwave manufacturers and the food industry work closely together to develop a line of consumer foods and packages suitable for microwave oven cooking, defrosting and reheating, with universal directions for preparation. In this way they can both help expand the market and reap the rewards of an expanding market.']' but not to '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Beating Our Plowshares into Double-Edged Swords: The Impact of Pentagon Policies on the Commercialization of Advanced Technologies Jay Stowsky Working Paper 17 April 1986']'.

Question: Computer-tomographic and magnetic resonance evaluation of hepatic perfusion disorders: current and particular aspects

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper E.g. ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Using soybean oleic acid as raw material,a novel quaternary ammonium hydroxamic acid phosphate flotation collector was synthesized by chlorination,esterification,salification,oximation,acidification.Applied to the flotation test for a low-grade(P2O5 17.09%) silicon-calcium collophane ore from a mine in Hubei,this collector showed better solubility and collecting capacity than traditional fatty acid phosphate flotation collector.Meanwhile,the raw material could be easily accessed at low price.'] == ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Study on Design,Synthesis,and Application of Hydroxamic Acid Phosphate Flotation Collector']

Poster: "ECR 2010 / C-0039 / Computer-tomographic and magnetic resonance evaluation of hepatic perfusion disorders: current and particular aspects" by: "I. G. Lupescu, G. Popa, E. M. Preda, A. C. Nicolae; Bucharest/RO"

Ultrasonic investigation of patients with cerebral vascular disorders, including the assessment of extra- and intracranial cerebral vessels, has been introduced into clinical use. A correlation between clinical data and ultrasonic findings is presented.


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Question: The role of survivin in the induction of apoptosis by VP16 HL-60 inleukemia cells

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Objective To discuss the role of survivin in the induction of apoptosis by VP16 in leukemia cells.Methods HL-60 cells were cultured.Leukemia cell proliferation was detected by MTT after drug interference with different concentrations of VP16.Microscopy,DNA gel electrophoresis and FCM were used for detecting apoptosis quantitatively and qualitatively,RT-PCR for survivin gene expression and immunohistochemistry for survivivn protein level.Results Apoptosis of HL-60 cell could be found in different concentrations of VP16 interference,with down-regulation of survivin expression and blockage of cell cycle time and concentration dependently.Conclusion Inhibition of survivin expression plays an important role in VP16-induced apoptosis in leukemic cell line.

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Reversion of malignancy in human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells through the transfection of transforming growth factor- β type II receptor gene


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Question: The relationship between public mental health admission rates, institutional constraints, and unemployment

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Aggregate-level economic decline has been significantly related to utilization rates of public mental health services. Concomitant time-series methods related the monthly unemployment rate of the City of St. Louis to the institutional supply of public mental health services. Supply factors and unemployment were then related to monthly inpatient and outpatient group admission rates from January, 1976 through August, 1983. The results suggested a selection bias during bed shortages favoring first admissions over readmissions. Unemployment was found to be positively related to total first admissions, employed first admissions, and male first admissions.

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"['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Aim: An electrochemical urine dipstick probe biosensor has been demonstrated using molybdenum electrodes on nanoporous polyamide substrate for the quantitative detection of two inflammatory protein biomarkers, CRP and IL-6. Materials & methods: The electrode interface was characterized using ζ-potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Detection of biomarkers was demonstrated by measuring impedance changes associated with the dose concentrations of the two biomarkers. A proof of feasibility of point-of-care implementation of the biosensor was demonstrated using a portable electronics platform. Results & conclusion: Limit of detection of 1 pg/ml was achieved for CRP and IL-6 in human urine and synthetic urine buffers. The developed portable hardware demonstrated close correlation with benchtop equipment results.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Fully electronic urine dipstick probe for combinatorial detection of inflammatory biomarkers']"

This chapter deals with the neglected area of the dynamics of multicultural healthcare teams and their impact on patient safety.


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Question: Statistical mechanical theory for discotic liquid crystals Discotic nematic-isotropic transition properties

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Abstract A statistical mechanical theory is applied to study the equilibrium properties of discotic nematic liquid crystals. We report the calculation of thermodynamic properties for a model system composed of molecules interacting through angle-dependent pair potentials which can be broken up into rapidly varying short-ranged repulsions and weak long-range attractions. The repulsive interaction is represented by a repulsion between hard oblate ellipsoids of revolution and is a short-range, rapidly-varying, potential. The influence of attractive potentials, represented by dispersion and quadrupole interactions on a variety of thermodynamic properties is analysed. It is found that the thermodynamic properties for the discotic nematic-isotropic transition are highly sensitive to the form of effective one-body orientational perturbation potential. The discontinuity in the transition properties is more pronounced in the case of quadrupole interaction than for anisotropic dispersion interaction. A remarkable s...

The possibility of supramolecular organization modeling of a cholesteric liquid crystalline (ChLC) matrix was shown by molecular dynamics simulation using the all-atom model. The supramolecular organization of ChLC mesogen and ChLC - a single walled carbon nanotube composite was estimated and 3D-model of a cholesteric phase of the studied compound was obtained. The effect of a carbon nanotube on the order parameter of ChLC molecules in the cholesteric phase was determined.


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Question: Plane harmonic waves in an infinite piezoelectric plate with dissipation

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In a previous paper, the three-dimensional equations of linear piezoelectricity with quasielectrostatic approximation were extended to include losses attributed to the mechanical damping in solid and the resistance in current conduction. These equations were used to investigate the plane wave propagation in an unbounded solid and forced thickness vibration of an infinite piezoelectric plate. In the present paper, these equations are used to obtain solutions of plane harmonic wave of arbitrary direction in an infinite and dissipative piezoelectric plate with general crystal symmetry. Dispersion curves are computed and plotted for real frequencies and complex wave numbers. All frequency branches are complex for dissipative plate. There are no longer any pure real or pure imaginary or complex conjugate frequency branches as those existing for nondissipative plates. Effects of dissipation on the wave propagation are examined in detail for AT-cut of quartz as well as barium titanate ceramic plate.

This paper presents an analytical treatment of the boundary value problem of an isotropic elastic bimaterial full space with interfacial tension subjected to an axisymmetric body force. The interfa...


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Question: The development and function of lung-resident macrophages and dendritic cells

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Gas exchange is the vital function of the lungs. It occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar epithelium and the capillary endothelium surrounding the alveoli, separated only by a fused basement membrane 0.2-0.5 μm in thickness. This tenuous barrier is exposed to dangerous or innocuous particles, toxins, allergens and infectious agents inhaled with the air or carried in the blood. The lung immune system has evolved to ward off pathogens and restrain inflammation-mediated damage to maintain gas exchange. Lung-resident macrophages and dendritic cells are located in close proximity to the epithelial surface of the respiratory system and the capillaries to sample and examine the air-borne and blood-borne material. In communication with alveolar epithelial cells, they set the threshold and the quality of the immune response.

The role of transcription factors and signalling pathways important for differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward osteogenic and adipogenic lineage are briefly outlined.


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Question: Oxford in search of history : teacher's book

Oxford in search of history is a ground-breaking course which provides a wealth of textual and visual sources. The course encourages critical thinking and historical analysis. Within the course, learners explore the complexity of historical understanding and investigate the relevance of history in their lives today.

Top information sources for library and information studies Top sources for scholarship metrics


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Question: Recent Advances in Research of IP Traceback

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With the developing of information society,applications of Internet have become one of the most important ways of communication.However,network security has become increasingly prominent.Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) attack is one of the most threatening problems among the network security issues.IP Traceback technology is an important way to monitor and defense DDoS attacks,and locating the source of network attack plays a positive role in real-time blocking,isolating attacks,providing legal evidence and deterring the attacker and creating safe and reliable network environment,etc.This paper describes the latest research of IP traceback approaches,and compares different algorithms with each other.Finally,the existing problems and future developments in the area of IP traceback research are discussed.

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Abstract : Partial contents: Persistent ISR Study Objective, Persistence Defined, Modeling & Simulation, Measures of Effectiveness, Architecture Design Search, Summary.


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------
E.g. "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'EFFECT OF POLYMERIC ALUMINUM CHLORIDE/CHITOSAN COMPOSITE FLOCCULANT ON ACTIVATED SLUDGE']" == "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The effect of the dosage of flocculants on activated sludge dewatering is analyzed through the determination of sludge specific resistance to filtration.Sludge dewatering behaviors conditioned on polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC),chitosan(CTS) and composite flocculants have been compared. The results show all the conditioning agent have help to sludge dewatering .Compared with PAC,CTS and PAC/CTS composite coagulant, the optimum coagulant with its optimum dosage is obtained . PAC/CTS can greatly reduce the sludge specific resistance and improves the sludge dewatering performance largely while the clarity of the filtrate was higher .']" != "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'A METHOD IS DISCUSSED OF PROTECTING CATENARY SUPPORT STRUCTURES THAT IS BELIEVED TO BE SUPERIOR TO A CONVENTIONAL PAINT SYSTEM. THE FIRST STEP IS TO CLEAN THE FOUNDATION AREA AND THE COLUMN UP TO A HEIGHT OF SIX FEET WITH CONVENTIONAL SAND-BLASTING EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE RUST, LOOSE SCALE, AND PAINT. THEN A BITUMINOUS COMPOUND COMPOSED OF A SPECIAL BLEND OF ASPHALTS, PETROLEUM RESINS, PLASTICIZERS, ASBESTOS, MICA, AND SOLVENT IS PUMPED FROM DRUMS, ATOMIZED AND APPLIED TO COLUMNS WITH A HAND-OPERATED SPRAY GUN TO A FILM THICKNESS OF BETWEEN 100-130 MILS. THE COMPOUND AFFORDS PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION, ABRASION, SUNLIGHT AND WEATHERING. WHILE BEING APPLIED IT FOLLOWS THE CONTOUR OF THE SURFACE EXACTLY, LEAVING NO VOIDS, RIDGES, OR UNPROTECTED AREAS. PRIOR TO DRYING, BLACK CERAMIC GRANULES WERE SPRAYED ON THE MASTIC. THE GRANULES FORM AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE COATING. /AUTHOR/']"

Question: Robust State Estimation for Systems with Colored Measurement Noise Based on ARMA Identification

In practical application,the observation systems is influenced by white noise,colored noise and outliers.Till now,most research considered the noise as white noise or colored noise respectively.In the paper,both of them are considered,a new measurement equation is derived by denoting the colored noise with white noise,and Kalman filtering model for systems with white noise and colored noise is presented in order to avoid complicated computation and expansion of the dimension of the filter.Hence,the state estimation can be interpreted into an equivalent ARMA identification problem.The dependency relationship between the parameter selection and input noise in robust SVR is studied using maximum a posteriori estimation.The simulation also shows that based on ARMA identification robust state estimation for systems with unstable and colored measurement noise performs well.

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: Forging a Sino–Russo Alliance: Analysis with a Hybrid Theoretical Framework

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China and Russia belong to different civilisations that preclude a stable alliance. However, the two countries share views on many major international issues and are in a viable position to push for an alternative international order. This article employs a hybrid model to examine the dynamics in the Sino–Russo relations, taking factors such as external pressure, national identity, culture and history, overall national strategy as well as balance of power into account.

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1. Introduction: The International Politics of Resources Kate Barclay and Graeme Smith 2. China and Japan in Myanmar: Aid, Natural Resources and Influence James Reilly 3. Chinese Aid in the South Pacific: Linked to Resources? Philippa Brant 4. Nupela Masta? Local and Expatriate Labour in a Chinese-Run Nickel Mine in Papua New Guinea Graeme Smith 5. China, Natural Resources, Sovereignty and International Law Ben Saul 6. Securing Fish for the Nation: Food Security and Governmentality in Japan Kate Barclay and Charlotte Epstein 7. Rare Earths: Future Elements of Conflict in Asia? Ming Hwa Ting and John Seaman 8. Throwing the Baby Out with the Bathwater: Australia's New Policy on Treaty-Based Investor-State Arbitration and its Impact in Asia Luke Nottage


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Question: Recent tectonic stress field research in Shanxi graben system

By comprehension of earthquake focal mechanism solutions and the data of in-situ stress measurements, the tectonic stress field in Shanxi region has been summarized, which indicate that the stress state in this region is different from that of its eastern surrounding regions. The next, by fitting the measured data, the boundary forces that influenced the distribution of the stress field in this region has been studied using inversion method. The inversion results showed the following messages: the effect of the boundary force between the blocks is the main determinative factor for the recent tectonic stress field in Shanxi and the regional material and its property is a secondary factor; the horizontal main stress of tectonic stress field in Shanxi region is consistent with the stretch of fault basins.

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The Govi basin group in central Mongolia arc, Mongolia is a continental depositional area where the continental oil fields were discovered earlier than other parts of the world. The basin group has the same geological features as the Erlian Basin in China. The present paper deals, coupled with seismic data and well logs, with the tectonic, stratigraphic and sedimentological aspects, and oil-gas potential of the Govi basin group, especially the (East Gobi) Dornogovi basin in Mongolia.


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Question: A study of series-resonant DC/AC inverter

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A new DC/AC inversion system for achieving a sinusoidal AC waveform synthesized by a series of quasi-sinusoidal pulses is described. A modified PWM controller is presented for driving the power switch operating in a forced discontinuous-conduction mode (FDCM), which results in series-resonance in the power stage. Three dynamic conversion states including charging, resonant, and RC-discharging states are modeled and analyzed. A small-signal model for system performance investigation is described. A prototype of 1 kW DC/AC inverter is examined by simulation and experimentation for assessing the system performance.<<ETX>>

Introducing the signal flow progress of local oscillation frequency micro-regulation through AFT square-frame diagram.Combining AFT circuit in T7607AP to analyze the work principle of automatic local oscillation frequency micro-regulation.