Question:
represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.

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Given ['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Bovine abortion and death associated with consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated peanuts.'] it matches with ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Approximately 12% of a herd of 68 crossbred cows aborted third-trimester fetuses after consuming moldy peanuts for 4 days. Further investigation revealed that less than 20% of the herd had access to this supplemental feed. Results of serum biochemical analysis indicated liver damage in the affected cows. All of these cows died within 8 days of aborting. The peanuts contained 77 micrograms aflatoxin B1/g, as determined by liquid chromatography. Tissues were submitted from 1 cow, and liver contained 5 ng aflatoxin B1/g. Results of other laboratory tests were negative for common toxins and abortifacients.'] but not with ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', '“Soyogi” is the patent name given to a fermented soybean flour produced by the Federal Institute for Industrial Research, Lagos, Nigeria. Natural occurrence of aflatoxin in soybeans have been reported [4, 5]. However, little information is available on the loss of aflatoxin from contaminated seeds as a result of food processing. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of autoclaving and fermentation on the aflatoxin content in contaminated soybeans, all the more since Wei et al. [9] had earlier reported the presence of aflatoxin in fermented soybean paste.']

Question: Tying, Upgrades, and Switching Costs in Durable-Goods Markets

This paper investigates the role of product upgrades and consumer switching costs in the tying of complementary products. Previous analyses of tying have found that a monopolist of one product cannot increase its profits and reduce social welfare by tying and monopolizing a complementary product if the initial monopolized product is essential, where essential means that all uses of the complementary good require the initial monopolized product. We show that this is not true in durable-goods settings characterized by product upgrades, where we show tying is especially important when consumer switching costs are present. In addition to our results concerning tying our analysis also provides a new rationale for leasing in durable-goods markets. We also discuss various extensions including the role of the reversibility of tying as well as the antitrust implications of our analysis.

Contents: Foreword Preface Part I: Agenda 1. Is the Flying-Geese Theory Passe-or Still Relevant? Part II: Real-Sector Growth: Industrial Upgrading 2. Akamatsu's Flying-Geese Theory - in the Rough 3. A Dynamic Stages Model of Structural Upgrading, Industrial Transplantation, and Knowledge Diffusion 4. Comparative Advantage Recycling in Labor-Driven Growth: An Unprecedented Opportunity for the Poor to Rise? 5. Structural Upgrading, Infrastructure Development, and Insatiable Quest for Natural Resources 6. The Asian Model for Latin America? A Tale of Two Regions Part III: Money/Finance Dimension of Flying-Geese-Style Growth 7. Borrowed Growth: Balance of Payments, Capital Flows, and Development Finance 8. Creating the World in America's Own Image? Bibliography Index


Question: Chinese Language's Entity & Cultural Interpretation

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The basic units of Chinese language, combining entity with action and quality, have strong active energy in syntax and semantics. This shows a synthetical world view of Chinese culture and a basic spirit of Chinese language.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Increased levels of CSF total but not oligomeric or phosphorylated forms of alpha-synuclein in patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer’s disease

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Several studies reported an association between CSF alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and demonstrated the significance of α-syn in improving the diagnostic sensitivity/specificity of classical AD CSF biomarkers. In the current study, we measured CSF levels of different α-syn species in a cohort of AD patients (n = 225) who showed a CSF profile typical of AD at baseline as well as in cognitively intact controls (n = 68). CSF total α-syn (t-α-syn) significantly increased in the AD group (p < 0.0001) compared to controls, while oligomeric- and phosphorylated-Ser129-α-syn did not change significantly. ROC analysis showed a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 84% (AUC = 0.88) in distinguishing AD from controls. T-α-syn levels correlated positively with tau species in AD group and negatively with baseline MMSE score. Our data support the added value of measurement of CSF α-syn species for further characterization of the CSF AD profile.

Mutations in the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) cause Gaucher disease (GD), a lysosomal storage disease with recessive inheritance. Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is a lysosomal lipid hydrolase that digests glycolipid substrates, such as glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine. GBA1 mutations have been implicated in Lewy body diseases (LBDs), such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Parkinsonism occurs more frequently in certain types of GD, and GBA1 mutation carriers are more likely to have LBDs than non-carriers. Furthermore, GCase is often found in Lewy bodies, which are composed of α-synuclein fibrils as well as a variety of proteins and vesicles. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of action of GBA1 mutations in LBDs with particular emphasis on α-synuclein aggregation by reviewing the current literature on the role of GCase in lysosomal functions and glycolipid metabolism.


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Question: Plan B: Dual Label: The Nurse Practitioner's Role in Education and Provision

Abstract This manuscript covers Plan B, the brand name of emergency contraception that now has dual over the counter and prescriptive status. Although Plan B has been available over the counter since November 2006 to men and women older than 18, very few patients know about this option. In addition, many clinicians and patients believe myths about Plan B. This article describes the uses of Plan B, its potential to decrease unwanted pregnancies and abortions, current laws, indications and effectiveness, mechanism of action, and helpful hints.

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Contents Preface * Health Care for the Aged: The Pursuit of Equity and Comprehensiveness * Health Economics, Old-Age Politics, and the Catastrophic Medicare Debate * Hospital-Based Long-Term Care Services for the Frail Elderly * Utilizing Client Experience in Developing New Service Delivery Models for Care of the Aged * Models of Intensive Case Management * Community-Based Long Term Care: The Experience of the Living at Home Programs * Integrating the Frail and Well Elderly: The Experience of Senior Centers * Discharge Planning: The Impact of Medicare's Prospective Payment on Elderly Patients * Adult Day Care Services for the Elderly and Their Families: Lessons From the Pennsylvania Experience * Reference Notes Included


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Question: Driving in Patients with Dementia

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These pilot data suggest that driving among individuals with incapacitating dementing illness may be an unrecognized, potentially serious problem. A simple 20-item screening questionnaire was administered to 72 referrals to the Dementia Research (outpatient) Clinic of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Thirty percent of the patient sample had at least one accident since the onset of symptoms of dementia. An additional 11% were reported by caregivers to have "caused" accidents. Language: en

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Increasing Rate of Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS in Iranian Chil-dren: An Alarm for Health Policymakers


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Question: Resources Discovery in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

This paper identifies the challenges when basic resource discovery techniques for the Internet are used in mobile ad hoc networks, then introduce a framework that provides a unified solution to the discovery of resources and QoS-aware selection of resource providers. The key entities of this framework are a set of self-organized discovery agents. These agents manage the directory information of resources using Hash indexing. They also dynamically partition the network into domains and collect intra- and interdomain QoS information to select appropriate providers. Simulation results show that the framework improves the QoS delivered to the clients, while the cost and response time are kept at a low level.

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How to Think About R&D Quality. Organizing for Quality in R&D. Measuring R&D Quality. Assessing R&D Quality Status. Intellectual Property Management Process Improvement. Implementing Quality in Research: A Case Example. Views and Lessons Learned at the Top. References. Index.


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Question: Development and optimisation of a generic micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method to support analysis of a wide range of pharmaceuticals and excipients.

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) method has been developed and validated to allow the analysis of a wide range of water soluble and insoluble acidic, basic and neutral drugs and excipients. An electronic database has been established to demonstrate the wide applicability of the method. The method has been validated and is now in routine use. In particular, acceptable injection precision is obtained through use of internal standards. Optimal sensitivity was obtained by using low UV wavelength detection. The method allows a number of cost and time saving benefits.

P aromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of various bacterial infections. In humans, paromomycin has been used to treat leishmaniasis due to its low toxicity and cost effectiveness relative to other antibiotics (1). The current U.S. Pharmacopeia compendial method for assaying paromomycin uses a microbial assay (2), which lacks specificity, accuracy, and is time-consuming. In addition, microbial assays do not identify the active ingredient(s) or yield information on the total composition of the antibiotic formulation. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of electrolytically generated potassium hydroxide eluent with a CarboPac® PA1 anionexchange column and IPAD for determination of paromomycin in a bulk pharmaceutical formulation.


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Question: Healthcare technology management: a fresh approach

This paper proposes an alternative approach to the management of high technology assets in UK hospitals to ensure that appropriate equipment is available where and when it is needed. This approach involves the provision of a Managed Equipment Service (MES) either within a Private Finance Initiative (PFI) or as a standalone venture. A full-blown MES is a comprehensive one-stop shop equipment solution, typically running for between 15 to 35 years. Despite the long contract duration, a smart contract will ensure flexibility without cost escalation.

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Subtitle: Few corporations fully understand all of the risk management assistance that's now available. To make this a little easier, our customs expert offers a brief update of emerging technology, organizations, and best practices that every security-minded supply chain professional should know.


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Question: Research on the Structure of Underwater Vehicles' vibration Damper

This paper compares the structure of two kinds of underwater vehicles' vibration damper,and studies the way of improving the structures and reducing vibration.It can provide reference to design of underwater vehicles' vibration damper.

Design of an Isolated Airfoil in an Ideal Incompressible Fluid. Account of Compressibility and Viscosity. Airfoil Design for a Given Range of Angels of Attack. Design of Mechanized Airfoils and Airfoils with Permeable Contour. Design Problems for Airfoils with Partially Given Contour. Airfoil Cascade Design. Aerohydrodynamically Reasonable Velocity Distributions. Regularization and Optimization in Inverse Boundary Value Problems of Hydrodynamics.


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Question: THE ASSESSMENT METHOD OF REMAINING STRENGTH OF CRACKED PIPE AND ITS APPLICATION

Abstract Failure assessment diagram (FAD) technology is used widespread for evaluationg the reniaining strengthof cracked pipe. The essential idea of FAD is introduced. The general-purpose FAD at present is provided,ie , I-evel I of CEGB R6 and I-evel 2 of BSI PD6493 , the reliability of which has been verified by the full sizeburst test of the cracked pipe. With the FAD method, remained strength of Foyin-Lianglukou pipeline hasbeen evaluated. The result of evaluation indicated that the pipeline could run safely under 2. 5 MPa pressureif desulfuration and desiccation were strengthened, pressure was kept to be stable.

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THE METHOD DESCRIBED IN THIS ARTICLE IS AN EXTENSION OF THE ANALOGY OF THE STATICALLY INDETERMINATE GRID, WHICH TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE RIGIDITY OF THE NON-FISSURED ZONE AND THAT OF THE BRACKETS BETWEEN THE SUCCESSIVE CRACKS. THIS ARTICLE GIVES A SIMPLIFIED ANALYSIS OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN THE NON-FISSURED ZONE BASED ON CONDITIONS OF INTERNAL EQUILIBRIUM. AN ANALYSIS IS ALSO MADE OF THE STRESSES AND DEFORMATIONS IN LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENTS AND OF THE DIFFERENT CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH DIFFERENT TYPES OF RUPTURE OCCUR. SOME NUMERICAL APPLICATIONS ARE APPENDED.


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Question: Translating Five Essential Elements into Programs and Practice

Abstract“Five Essential Elements of Immediate and Mid–Term Mass Trauma Intervention: Empirical Evidence” summarizes the empirical evidence for a framework for public health/behavioral health intervention in the aftermath of disaster. The authors stop short of suggesting a means by which the elements of this framework might be advanced into practice in specific disasters or incorporated into existent public health plans. Embedded in “next steps” questions are the issues of dissemination, delivery, and prioritization. Incorporation of these elements into policy and practice requires acceptance by a broad range of disaster responders, community leaders, clergy, school teachers, and parents. Delivery of these principles by various types of disaster responders will lead to work–culture sensitive training programs and practices. Finally, efforts to identify delivery priorities and effective matches between specific elements of intervention and specific types of disasters, populations, or responders will advance...


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Question: Modeling of rebound phenomenon of a rigid ball with friction and elastic effects

We derive analytical models of the rebound phenomenon between a ping-pong ball and the table/racket rubber. In the rebound model of the table, the determination of the type of the contact during the impact is derived as a generalized condition in the 3-dimensional space. In the model between the ball and racket rubber, it is assumed that the kinetic energy of the tangent velocity is stored as the potential energy due to the elasticity of the rubber. This assumption leads to that the impulse in the horizontal direction is proportional to the tangent velocity. The models are verified by experimental data.

The energy dissipation in the contact regions between solids in sliding contact can result in high local temperatures which may strongly affect the friction. This is the case for rubber sliding on road surfaces at speeds above 1 mm/s. I derive equations which describe the frictional heating for arbitrary (non-uniform) motion, taking into account that some of the frictional energy is produced inside the rubber due to the internal friction in rubber. Numerical results are presented for one limiting case for steady sliding.


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Question: Beyond essentialism: On Stuart Hall and Black British arts

Coco Fusco wrote in 2005 that the explosion of creativity in black culture in Britain in the 1980s, together with the accompanying critical debates, transformed assumptions about black art worldwide. The key senior figure in those debates was Stuart Hall. This article explores Hall as (1) an activist-intellectual who served as a mentor for artists from the African, Arab, Asian and Caribbean diasporas living in the UK and who intervened in public debates about ‘Black culture’ and ‘Black arts’ and (2) a cultural theorist whose concepts and ideas – for example, concerning modernity, diaspora, identity, subjectivity and cultural politics – facilitated transformative, anti-essentialist practices of ‘Black Art’ that started in the UK and spread internationally. Employing aspects of Hall’s method of ‘conjunctural analysis’, the article argues that, although known for its anti-essentialism, Black British arts of the 1980s and early 1990s constituted a contradictory formation – including a strong Afrocentric, esse...

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Professor Jo Brewis reviews our first issue, reflecting on its place in contemporary scholarship.


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Question: Detecting a trend change in cross-border epidemic transmission

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A method for a system of Langevin equations is developed for detecting a trend change in cross-border epidemic transmission. The equations represent a standard epidemiological SIR compartment model and a meta-population network model. The method analyzes a time series of the number of new cases reported in multiple geographical regions. The method is applicable to investigating the efficacy of the implemented public health intervention in managing infectious travelers across borders. It is found that the change point of the probability of travel movements was one week after the WHO worldwide alert on the SARS outbreak in 2003. The alert was effective in managing infectious travelers. On the other hand, it is found that the probability of travel movements did not change at all for the flu pandemic in 2009. The pandemic did not affect potential travelers despite the WHO alert.

This thesis consists of three self-contained essays. ::: Essay I. This essay uses time-series of rainfall to estimate the response of body weight to transitory changes in household income in rural Tanz ...


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Question: Effect of allylic substituents on the face selectivity of Diels-Alder reactions of semicyclic dienes

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Vinylcyclohexenes substituted allylically on the cyclohexene ring were examined as substrates in the Diels-Alder cycloaddition. In the octalin cycloaddition products, the relative stereochemistry of the one angular hydrogen relative to that of the allylic substituent was examined as a measure of the control of face selectivity by the substituent. In the 17 examples reported where the competition for control was between OH-H, MeO-H, (TMS) O-H, OH-CH 3 , OMe-CH 3 , and (TMS) O-CH 3 , the simplest rationale was that size alone controlled the face selectivity of the Diels-Alder cycloaddition

The carbocation salt [Ph3C][BArF] has been identified as a viable Lewis acid catalyst for the Diels–Alder reactions between anthracene derivatives and unsaturated carbonyl compounds with good selectivity and high efficiency.


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Question: Our Journal is entering into its second decade

Abstract The first issue of the Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance saw the light in 2010 by the personal initiative of two men from the University of Oslo, Prof. Sverre Grimnes and Prof. Ørjan G. Martinsen, who has been the editor-in-chief of our Journal during all these ten years. With the sense of gratitude, we hope that he continues his persistent work also during the approaching next decade in the new conditions with a growing number of bioimpedance publications worldwide. However, every success creates new problems, some of which are discussed below.

Stefanos Zenios, editor in chief of Operations Research, provides his vision and goals for the journal's next three years.


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Question: AEROELASTIC STABILITY TESTS OF THIN CYLINDRICAL SHELLS AT SUPERSONIC SPEEDS

Abstract : Dynamic characteristics of thin cylindrical shells were investigated for Mach numbers from 2.2 to 3.0. The Reynolds number based on the model diameter varied from 0.34 to 2.58 million. Limit cycle oscillations in a standing wave mode occurred on a 0.0020-in. shell at Mach number 2.2. The limit cycle motion was damped completely by blowing air into the boundary layer at a very low rate. A 0.0028-in. shell was destroyed during high amplitude oscillations at Mach number 2.2. Pressure distribution and boundary-layer measurements were also made.

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SEVERAL ASPECTS, BOTH PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL, OF THE WAY TO OBTAIN INTEGRAL AND INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SUSPENSION BRIDGE PROBLEMS ARE ANALYSED. BOTH THE CASE OF EQUAL LOADING ON THE CABLES AND TORSION EFFECTS ARE DEALT WITH, EMPHASIZING THE CONVENIENCE OF THE APPROACH FOR DIGITAL COMPUTER CALCULATION. APPLICATION IS MADE TO THE CASE OF A SUSPENSION BRIDGE WITH A CONSTANT OR VARIABLE RIGIDITY STIFFENING TRUSS. /RRL/A/


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Question: Maritime risk assessment and barriers based on the hybrid model

Maritime safety and environmental impact assessment analysis are increasing importance in the process of risk management.Reason's hybrid model has been applied to accident investigation and analysis,and also recommended by IMO.This model focuses on systematic and comprehensive point of latent failure on legislation,government management and all levels in an organization.The interactions between all conditions cannot be reflected directly in this model.The functions of barriers based on the model will be discussed,through selecting examples in maritime sector.

Globalization is a phenomenon with a high degree of impact on the new type of human resource training. The present study aims to model some influence variables triggered by globalizatoin upon the human resource training by means of the dynamic programmig method and risk quantification using the WinQSB software.


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Question: OF BEST PRACTICES IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR

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South African telecommunications industry is in the process of being liberalized. There are concerns with regard to high telecommunications prices that may hamper the delivery of broadband services, job creation and the bridging of the digital divide. This article explores delivery of telecommunications services in the international arena to detect what could be viewed as best practices. The aim is to analyze and thereafter to recommend a policy that can be applied in the South African environment with a possibility of a successful liberalized industry.

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SUBTITLE: THE COMBINATION OF WIRELESS AND WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IS PAYING OFF IN INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY.


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Question: Service scope management system and method

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A service coverage manager (SCM) may receive or retrieve a service node coverage report and generate an overall picture of the service coverage for the service. The SCM can dynamically adjust the service node coverage, adapt to client service requirements, and provide new service coverage to the appropriate clients. The SCM may reduce the service node's service coverage to reduce duplication with another node, or reduce wasted resources, or the service node's coverage to target additional clients. The scope can be expanded.

A problem that the writer faced during the course of a actual subject was analyzed, and a viable solution was proposed to settle this problem. Implementation of importing and exporting data of an office document to SQL Server field based on ADO Stream object as well as the ADO Stream object and its main technique were introduced.


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Question: Multiple-cell-upset hardened 6T SRAM using NMOS-centered layout

This paper presents a proposed NMOS-centered 6T SRAM cell layout that reduces a neutron-induced multiple-cell-upset (MCU) SER on a same wordline. We implemented an 1-Mb SRAM macro in a 65-nm CMOS process and irradiated neutrons as a neutron-accelerated test to evaluate the MCU SER. The proposed 6T SRAM macro improves the horizontal MCU SER by 67-98% compared with a general macro that has PMOS-centered 6T SRAM cells.

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A sort of available sequential color method and ralative circuit structure used for LCoS display colorization were designed. With a "top-to-down" EDA approach, aiding with Ca- dence software, the designing and developing of the color LCOS display chip with 0. 6pm n- well and double-layer-metal CMOS processes were stated and a part of circuit layout was giv- en.


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Question: Towards User Interfaces for Semantic Storytelling

Digital content and online media have reached an unprecedented level of relevance and importance. In the context of a research and technology transfer project on Digital Curation Technologies for online content we develop a Semantic Storytelling prototype. The approach is based on the semantic analysis of document collections, in which, among others, individual analysis results are, if possible, mapped to external knowledge bases. We interlink key information contained in the documents of the collection, which can be essentially conceptualised as automatic hypertext generation. With this semantic layer on top of the set of documents in place, we attempt to identify interesting, surprising, eye-opening relationships between different concepts or entities mentioned in the document collection. In this article we concentrate on the current state of the user interfaces of our Semantic Storytelling prototype.

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Foundations of Semantic Web Reasoning.- Composing Frameworks and Components for Families of Semantic Web Applications.- Semantic Web Logic Programming Tools.- Web Rules Need Two Kinds of Negation.- Reasoning in Practice.- Towards the Adaptive Semantic Web.- On Reasoning on Time and Location on the Web.- Reasoning about Communicating Agents in the Semantic Web.- Query and Rule-Languages.- A Visual Language for Web Querying and Reasoning.- XML Document Adaptation Queries (XDAQ): An Approach to Adaptation Reasoning Using Web Query Languages.- On Types for XML Query Language Xcerpt.- Integrating Description Logics and Answer Set Programming.- Semantics and Knowledge Representation.- Extracting Mathematical Semantics from Documents.- Reasoning in Attempto Controlled English.- Systematics and Architecture for a Resource Representing Knowledge about Named Entities.


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Question: Tuberculosis Comprehensive Nursing 72 Cases

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For 72 patients with western medicine therapy appears obvious side effects and joint herbal treatment of phthisical patient,according to the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with occurrence symptom,generic nursing and acute massive haemorrhage complications such as pertinence emergency care,and according to the principle will protect shih syndrome patients divided into lung Yin deficiency,Yin fire,qi and Yin deficiency syndrome type two three kinds of TCM shih syndrome protect,shi protect point:Yin,runfei,yiqi,send a fire.Through a variety of nursing methods and implementation,72 patients recovered 35 patients,improvement in 23 cases,invalid 14 cases,has obtained the satisfactory clinical curative effect.

MGH Guides. CD 824 Diagnostic Methods and Clinical Processes in Reading and Writing Disorders. Home.


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Question: Study of the carbon content of each layer of the mold flux

The influence of different factors on carbon content of each layer of the mold flux was investigated,and the effective methods to reduce the carburization of the ultra-low-carbon steels during CC were searched,which offered theoretical foundation for designing the mold flux for ultra-low-carbon steel.

A model evaluation has been undertaken by considering a diagnostic evaluation of the distance dependent structure of a single source footprint.


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"['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'The circulate property of generator matrices of protograph LDPC codes']" == "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The LDPC application involves the problem: encoding complexity. Since the generator matrices are dense and with random positions of "1s", the encoder needs to store every "1" of the generator matrices by using huge chip area. To solve problem, we need to design the LDPC codes with block cyclic generator matrices. This paper reveals that the protograph LDPC codes can have lower encoding complexity under the condition of the proposed theorem that the parity check matrices of the LDPC codes are nonsingular and circulate. The circulate property of generator matrix of protograph LDPC codes can be obtained from the quasi-cyclic parity check matrix of protograph LDPC codes. Thus it can reduce the encoding complexity. We give an algorithm of protograph LDPC codes with fast encoding based on the theorem, and it verifies that protograph LDPC codes with circulate property of generator matrices can simplify encoder hardware implementation.']" != "['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The algebraic structure determining the vector-matrix transformation in the discrete vector Boolean space for the analyzing information based on logical operations on associative data.']"

Question: Model Creation for All Electric Ship (AES) Power Systems

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With the recent trend towards increasingly electric ship propulsion in both the military and commercial sectors, there has been a corresponding requirement for simulation techniques to facilitate the effective design of power systems to support this. This effort has required the development of simulation models across a wide range of levels from architectural and functional simulations of systems, through behavioral models of systems with idealized component models, finally reaching detailed component models. Recurring issues have included model creation, reuse and verification, and as such a drive towards new techniques and tools has resulted. This paper discusses the application of new modeling approaches and software which has enabled the practical implementation of re-usable and verifiable models at different levels of abstraction in electric ship propulsion systems.

14 slides.-- Presentation delivered at the Topic Session "CRIS in a University IT Environment (II)"


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Question: Energy dissipation under thermomechanical fatigue loading

Abstract The paper presents a numerical approach to compute the total amount of dissipated energy under arbitrary rate independent uniaxial thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) loading. Such an approach is based on the stress controlled Prandtl type operator enabling continuous energy dissipation calculation. It focuses on non-isothermal stress–strain conditions of a spring–slider segment, and relates slider movements to irreversible energy dissipation. The correct amount of dissipated energy is computed at any moment (online), without the need of ‘waiting’ the cycle to finish. The operator approach guaranties monotonically increasing progress of energy dissipation, which is within the framework of thermodynamics. It is also shown that the operator approach results in the same dissipated energy after closed isothermal cycle as the traditional integration approach.

Creep cavitation in metals and ceramics is generally considered to occur by the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of grain-boundary cavities. By considering grain-boundary slidings as the process driving force, a stochastic model is proposed for continuous cavity nucleation in metals and ceramics subjected to creep loading. The nucleation rate is shown to be directly proportional to the number of grain-boundary sliding events. The dependence of the number of cavities on grain boundary sliding displacement, creep strain, and time are established and compared with available experimental data of alumina, copper, and copper alloys. This comparison supports the contention that creep cavity nucleation in metals and ceramics does originate from stochastic grain-boundary sliding.


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Question: C-Store: A Column-oriented DBMS

This paper presents the design of a read-optimized relational DBMS that contrasts sharply with most current systems, which are write-optimized. Among the many differences in its design are: storage of data by column rather than by row, careful coding and packing of objects into storage including main memory during query processing, storing an overlapping collection of column-oriented projections, rather than the current fare of tables and indexes, a non-traditional implementation of transactions which includes high availability and snapshot isolation for read-only transactions, and the extensive use of bitmap indexes to complement B-tree structures.We present preliminary performance data on a subset of TPC-H and show that the system we are building, C-Store, is substantially faster than popular commercial products. Hence, the architecture looks very encouraging.

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Question: Elastic, Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Fe2O3 Doped PMnS-PZN-PZT Ceramics

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Electrical properties of the Fe2O3 doped PMnS-PZN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics were investigated in a wide electric field range. The complete set of elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric constants were obtained at low field levels, and the Rayleigh relation was found to describe the nonlinear dielectric behavior at high field levels. It was suggested that proper phase structure enhances the intrinsic dielectric and piezoelectric response, and doping with Fe2O3 reduces the extrinsic losses, which result in high piezoelectric properties and low dielectric loss. This work provides a basis to perform theoretical analysis and device design of piezoelectric ceramics.

Abstract : Contents: Epitaxial Growth and Electro-Optical Properties of Metal GaAs superlattices, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility and Thermoelectric Power of PtGa(2), Electronic structure study of the Pt-Ga intermetallic thin films on GaAs (100) using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Growth of CoGa on GaAs by MBE-Determination of epitaxial phases and orientations, Internal Photoemission in CoGa/GaAs Schottky Barriers, Possible Injection of Electrons into the L Valley, Chemistry of Metal/ Compound-Semiconductor Interfaces, Phase Stability Versus The Lattice Mismatch of (100)Co1-xGa(x) Thin Films on (100)GaAs, Electrical resistivity of ultrathin, epitaxial CoGa on GaAs, and Growth and Annealing of Co(1-x)Ga(x) Thin Films on GaAs (100).


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Question: Probability model for cumulative solar proton event fluences

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A new model of cumulative solar proton event fluences is presented. It allows the expected total fluence to be calculated for a given confidence level and for time periods corresponding to space missions. The new model is in reasonable agreement with the JPL91 model over common proton energy range of >1 to >60 MeV. The current model extends this energy range to >300 MeV. It also incorporates more recent data which tends to make predicted fluences slightly higher than JPL91. For the first time, an analytic solution is obtained for this problem of accumulated fluence over a mission. Several techniques are used, including maximum entropy, to show the solution is well represented as a lognormal probability distribution of the total fluence. The advantages are that it is relatively easy to work with and to update as more solar proton event data become available.

On the basis of results obtained in paper [1] for each step of determining by CR data of main parameters of SEP generation and propagation, we determine expected SEP fluxes out of the Earth’s magnetosphere in dependence of energy and their variation with time. Then by using the method of coupling functions for radiation doze for people and/or electronic systems inside satellites in dependence of shielding we determine at each step the expected differential (per unit of time) and integral (during full time of SEP event) radiation dose for astronauts (e.g., in ISS) and electronics inside satellites in dependence of their orbits in the Earth’s magnetosphere. If the radiation hazard is expected to be dangerous for some type of satellites, may be formatted and send special Alerts.


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Question: Approximate modification method of welding stress determination by impact indentation strain method

The impact indentation strain measurement technique, as a new residual stress determination method, is increasingly applied. The calibration method is necessary through strain overlap increment to calculate residual stress. The great error could be produced in measuring the residual stress in a weld with the use of calibration coefficient for the base metal instead of the weld metal.The physical deformation was analyzed firstly, then an improved method to approximately calculate weld stress was put forward. It makes the measuring accuracy of residual stresses raise remarkably.

Fracture toughness of unidirectional fiber reinforced composite is tested by photoelastic coating method combined with three-points bending test,the relation between the order of the isochromatic fringe and stress intensity factor is derived and the fracture toughness of Glass/epoxy composite plate as an example is easily detected.In this Experiment,a real-time monitoring of crack propagation is realized,and the fracture toughness of unidirectional fiber reinforced composite is effectively analyzed with P-V curve and photoelastic image.


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Siloxane-based adhesion gripper

Holding device (1), in particular adhesion gripper, with a holder (2) and a gripping punch (3) fastened in or on the holder (2), wherein the gripping punch (3) consists of a single-phase plastic body with an elastomeric contact surface (4) the gripping punch (3) and its contact surface (4) consists of a crosslinked with a crosslinking siloxane.

The results of the synthesis and the investigaiton of a number of multipodal and branched siloxane and silsesquixane liquid crystals is reported.


Question:
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Given ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Text Feature Ranking Based on Rough-set Theory'], a positive would be ['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'With the aim to reduce the dimensionality without sacrificing classification performance, the author gains insights from attribute reduction based on discernibility matrix in rough-set theory and proposes two text feature selection algorithms, i.e., DB1 and DB2. The experimental results indicate that DB2 not only yields much higher accuracy than information gain when the number of features is smaller than 6000, but also incurs much smaller CPU time than information gain.'] & a negative would be ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.']

Question: Application and Development of AIS

For the purpose of safe voyage by ship,combining the origin,the basic function and composition of AIS,the method of comparing with the existing ship navigation equipment was used,and the effect of AIS in VTMS and collision avoidance was introduced,the direction of AIS in the future was prospected.The results indicate that AIS with Internet will become the future trend of development.

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Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: The charm quark mass from non-relativistic sum rules

Abstract We present an analysis to determine the charm quark mass from non-relativistic sum rules, using a combined approach taking into account fixed-order and effective-theory calculations. Non-perturbative corrections as well as higher-order perturbative corrections are under control. For the PS mass we find m PS ( 0.7 GeV ) = 1.50 ± 0.04 GeV which translates into a MS ¯ mass of m ¯ = 1.25 ± 0.04 GeV .

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Provided: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The 〈0001〉axial channeling parameters, axial half-angle ψ 1/2 and minimum yield x min , of α-LiIO 3 crystal have been measured by collimated MeV proton beam at different beam energies. Under the action of an electrostatic field along the c-direction of the crystal, the increase of channeling-backscattering yield from the surface I atoms, proportional to the duration of electrostatic field action, has been observed. The time-dependence of the amount of the random surface I atoms has been calculated quantitatively for different durations of electrostatic field action. The increase of the α-particle yield from proton induced 7 Li(P,a) 4 He reaction-channeling with the duration of electrostatic field action has been observed as well.']" Match: "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'CHANNELING OF PROTON IN α-LiIO 3 SINGLE CRYSTAL']"

We discuss a new method to determine the low-energy couplings of the ΔS = 1 weak Hamiltonian in the e-regime. It relies on a matching of the topological poles in 1/m 2 of three-point functions of two pseudoscalar densities and a four-fermion operator computed in lattice QCD, to the same observables in the Chiral Effective Theory. We present the results of a NLO computation in chiral perturbation theory of these correlation functions together with some preliminary numerical results.


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Question: Androgen Receptor Assay in Human Prostate Cancer

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Because intracellular hormone receptors appear to be necessary for the hormonal dependence of target organs, theoretically steroid receptor measurements should be of value in predicting the response to endocrine therapy for tumors in these target tissues. With this generally accepted concept in mind, much effort has been spent to develop assay methods for steroid receptors in different human cancers. Breast cancer has been extensively studied for more than 10 years and a clear relationship has been demonstrated between the presence of cytosol estrogen receptors and response to endocrine manipulations.1 The clinical correlation can be improved by also taking into account the presence of progestin receptors and measurement of the nuclear compartment.2

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PART I. PRINCIPLES 1. Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes 2. Antigens PART II. PROTOCOLS 3. Immunohistochemistry and In Situ Hybridization Techniques 4. Solution Hybridization and Blotting Techniques 5. Amplification Methods 6. Flow Cytometry for Antigen Expression PART III. PRACTICE 7. Infectious Diseases 8. Cardiovascular System 9. Lung, Mediastinum, and Pleura 10. Kidney 11. Testes, Bladder, Prostate 12. Digestive System 13. Breast and Female Reproductive Tract 14. Endocrine System 15. Hematologic and Lymphoid System 16. Bones and Soft Tissue 17. Skin 18. Cytopathology APPENDICES


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Question: High resolution spectrscopy of the Hayabusa Re-entry using a Fabry-Perot Interferometer

Spectroscopic observations of the Hayabusa re-entry are presented obtained by an instrument combining Fabry-Perot-Interferometry and classical optical emission spectroscopy. The instrument was deployed onboard NASA’s DC-8 airborne laboratory as part of the Hayabusa Re-Entry Airborne Observation Campaign lead by NASA, in close collaboration with JAXA and Australian organizations. The covered wavelength range in the low resolution mode is from 738.4 nm to 852.1 nm with the aim to acquire simultaneously the neutral atomic oxygen triplets at 777 nm and 844 nm and the nitrogen lines at 746 nm and 821 nm. The high resolution mode reaches a wavelength resolution of Δλ = 0.01 nm. The intention of this instrument was to measure the translational temperature of the neutral atoms in the plasma flow ahead of the Hayabusa capsule. Air plasma emission were detected at high resolution, but not at high enough signal-to-noise to measure the line width with sufficient accuracy.

The range/velocity of static and moving targets have been measured with an FMCW laser radar incorporating an RF excited, intra-cavity modulated, CO 2 laser.


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Question: Structural studies on protein products of murine chromosome 17: partial amino acid sequence of an H-2Kb molecule.

By use of single internal radiolabels, 17 of the NH2-terminal 27 amino acids of the murine H-2Kb molecule have been assigned. When the amino acid sequence is compared to that of the murine H-2Kk molecule, there is a minimum of six amino acid differences in 19 positions. This high degree of structural diversity confirms, at the level of amino acid sequence, the known polymorphism of the murine H-2 complex. Significant primary str-ctural homology is evident when the murine H-2Kk and H-2Kb sequences are compared to the recently reported partial amino acid sequences of human transplantation antigens. There is modest homology with beta2-mictoglobulin and immunoglobulins, but the available sequence information is insufficient for a satisfactory evaluation of its significance.

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A new gene for the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (VH gene) has been isolated from BALB/c adult liver DNA using a cDNA plasmid probe containing a mouse VH sequence. The complete nucleotide sequence of this germline gene (VH10-19), shows that it belongs to the 7183 gene family. The VH gene appears to contain an intervening 104-base-long sequence and displays the same recombination signal sequences that those observed in the germline 81X. The presence of an internal heptamer at the 3' end of the VH10-19 coding region let an alternative recombination event that could increase the representation of this gene in the immature repertoire.


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Question: Analyses of the influence of the recycling coefficient on He confinement in DEMO reactor

Abstract This work describes integrated numerical modelling applied to DEMO discharges with tungsten wall and divertor, using the COREDIV code, which self-consistently solves 1D radial transport equations of plasma and impurities in the core region and 2D multi-fluid transport in the SOL. The model is self-consistent with respect to both the effects of impurities on the α-power level and the interaction between seeded (Ar) and intrinsic impurities (tungsten, helium). This work is to analyse the influence of the helium and hydrogen recycling on the He confinement time in DEMO reactor. Simulations have been done for argon seeding puff 5.0 × 10211/s. It is found that recycling coefficient of helium have strong influence on the He confinement time, which increases from 7.25 s to 26.9 s going from lowest to highest recycling coefficient, but it has small influence on the effective charge state and radiation in the SOL. Alpha power decreases only by about 20%, which is the effect of main plasma dilution.

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The following chapters are included: (1) detailed description of PF operation prior to pinch, (2) PF experiments with DT-filled microballoons, (3) diagnosis of electron beam produced by PF (x rays), and (4) PF experiments with solid objects at pinch location. (MOW)


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Question: Synthesis and properties of a second-order nonlinear optical side-chain polyimide

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A thermal stable aromatic polyimide (PI) with side-chain second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores has been developed. The PI was prepared by the ring-opening polyaddition of 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride with a new diamine having two N-ethyl-N-[4-[(6-chlorobenzothiazol-2-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]-2-aminoethanol units as the NLO chromophore, followed by poling during or after the thermal imidization process. The resulting PI had number and weight-average molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of 25,000 and 80,000, respectively, and a relatively high glass transition temperature of 180°C. The second harmonic coefficient (d33) of PI at the wavelength of 1.064 μm was 138 pm/V (329.6 × 10−9 esu) and remained unchanged at elevated temperatures. The corona poling process of the NLO-substituted poly(amic acid) to the PI was also studied in detail by measuring the second harmonic generation (SHG) from the polymer films. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 1321–1329, 1999

A simple and versatile synthesis of thiosulfonate-bridged bromofluoreneend-capping reagents is reported. The novel fluorene-based π-electron-pooraromatic building block was used as end-capping reagent in the synthesisof a polyfluorene-based molecular wire.


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Question: 4-YEAR-OLD NEURODEVELOPMENT AND EARLY LIFE DETERMINANTS ARE LONGITUDINALLY ASSOCIATED TO 11-YEAR-OLD ATTENTION FUNCTION

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Given ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'Monolithically integrated tunable lasers have been developed for use in R-OADM, burst switching, and packet switching systems. By using monolithic integration technologies, the optimal device configuration can be constructed for each application.'], a positive would be ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'InP-based photonic integrated devices']

Background and Aims: Previous studies have found association between cognitive development at 4 years old and several early life determinants such as maternal social class, maternal smoking during ...

INCREASING BALANCE STABILITY DURING HIGH-INTENSITY ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE CRITICAL IN SPORT PERFORMANCE. PREVIOUS RESEARCH SHOWS THAT BALANCE TRAINING PROGRAMS MAY BE BENEFICIAL IN REHABILITATION AND PREVENTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES. THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS TO TEST BALANCE PERFORMANCE AND IMPLEMENT BALANCE TRAINING. HOWEVER, WITH GREATER INCIDENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES IN WOMEN AND WITH MODEST CONCLUSIVE LITERATURE IN FEMALE ATHLETES' BALANCE ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING, THERE IS A NEED FOR EASY UNDERSTANDING AND APPLICATION OF THESE CONCEPTS. THEREFORE, THIS ARTICLE PROVIDES COACHES AND PRACTITIONERS WITH A SHORT REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON BALANCE IN FEMALE ATHLETES.


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Question: The circulatory system of amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae)

The endothelial cell of Amphioxus has an endocytotic capability since both ferritin and horseradish peroxidase, when injected into the endostylar artery, became localized within endothelial cell cytoplasmic vesicles. The endothelial cells also contain vesicles within which the lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase has been localized. Because of the presence of an endocytotic capability and lysosomes, these cells possess both the means and the method for the acquisition and disposal of exogenous proteins.

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Bromley, R. G. & Surlyk, F.: Borings produced by brachiopod pedicles, fossil and Recent. ::: ::: ::: ::: Characteristic etching traces are produced in hard calcareous substrates by the pedicles of brachiopods belonging to several groups. It was previously unsuspected that the ability to bore was widespread within the brachiopod phylum. Five species were investigated from the Norwegian Sea: Terebratulina retusa and T. septentrionalis (Terebratulacea), Hemithyris psittacea (Rhynchonellida), and Macandrmia cranium and Dallina septigera (Terebratellacea). Fossil traces with closely similar morphology occur in the Cretaceous and are probably also the work of brachiopods. The most characteristic form is designated Podichnus centrifugalis n. ichnogen., n. ichnosp.


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Question: Enhancement of ferromagnetic properties in In 1.99 Co 0.01 O 3 by additional Cu doping

This paper reports room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co- and Cu-doped In2O3 samples synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. Structure and composition analyses revealed that Co and Cu were incorporated into the In2O3 lattices. Photoluminescence measurement revealed an additional emission at 520 urn from these doped samples. The magnetic measurement showed that additional Cu doping greatly enhanced the ferromagnetism of In1.99Co0.01O3 bulk samples. The implication of the effects of additional Cu doping is also discussed. (c) 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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In this work, we report the electrical conductivity and lattice constants measurements of the system ZnCr2 2xIn2xS4 as a function of temperature and Indium m...


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Question: Cost-efficient multiplier-less FIR filter structure based on modified DECOR transformation

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We propose a new design approach to implement an FIR filter using canonical sign digit (CSD) multipliers based on modified decorrelating transformation (MDECOR). The direct CSD approach will introduce serious quantization errors since the distribution of CSD numbers is very non-uniform. The proposed MDECOR transformation provides a systematic solution to reduce the dynamic range effectively. By combining the proposed MDECOR transformation followed by CSD quantization, we can avoid the aforementioned quantization problem. As a result, we do not need to employ additional non-zero bits to compensate for the distortion caused by direct CSD quantization, which helps to save the number of adders in VLSI implementations. Furthermore, the MDECOR transformation offers more freedom in the filter design. It can achieve high-precision performance under the same hardware complexity as the direct CSD approach. Our simulation results show that we can save 20% of the number of adders compared with the direct CSD approach.

According to the request of the internal code FEC in DVB-T standard, a new R=1/2, radix-4, 64-state, 16-level soft-decision Viterbi decoder based on FPGA are presented in this paper. 4-way ACS is constructed through restructuring radix-2 butterfly into a radix-4 butterfly. A radix-4 unit which consists of 4 4-way ACS can obtain two stage surviving path of four states. As a result the throughput becomes twice as before. The FPGA design and optimization for reducing the area and power are also presented.


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Question: Automatism Measure Instrument for Inner-hole Machined by Deep Hole Honing

In this paper,automatism measure instrument for inner-hole machined by deep hole honing is designed by mechatronics technology,and then tool of honing measure and honing pole are analyzed.Meanwhile this paper provides a technology for precision deep hole measurement that can measure the components in any dimensions without disassembly.This instrument can be applied on the online measurement of honing parts inner hole.Using this instrument,the components only need to clamp once.If the dimensions of the inner holes are not the same,partial honing can be used to repair it.This instrument can ensure the dimension requirement of the parts by clamp once,so it has practical application value.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Additivity of contributions to the stabilization energy of donor-acceptor complexes

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It is shown that the use of the wave function Ψ=ψDmod(i)ψAmod(j)+λΨ(D+A–) to describe the ground states of donor-acceptor complexes, where ψmod is a wave function modified by electrostatic, induction, dispersion and exchange forces, in general, fails to give the full contribution of induction and dispersion energies to the stability of the complex.

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A semi-empirical quantum mechanics method and a cone angle conception were used to factorise partial quadrupole splitting parameters for different ligands in axially coordinated macrocyclic complexes.


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Question: Examining section 11 of the insolvency and bankruptcy code 2016

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With the enactment of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) in 2016, the government has tried to streamline the insolvency and bankruptcy laws across the nation. Chapter II of the Code gives the procedure for initiating a corporate insolvency resolution process (CIRP). Section 6 gives the class of persons eligible to initiate a CIRP against a corporate debtor (CD). This includes a financial creditor (FC), an operational creditor (OC) or the CD itself. Section 11 further elaborates who cannot initiate a CIRP. However, the section purports to serve no other purpose than to create confusion when read along with the rest of the Code.

The two main sources of the statutory rules that regulate the business of banking in Ghana are the Bank of Ghana Act, 1963,2 as amended by the Bank of Ghana (Amendment) Act, I965,3 and the Banking Act, I970.4 Other legislation laying down rules relevant to the business of banking are the Companies Code, I963,5 the Building Societies Ordinance, 1955,6 as amended,' the Moneylenders Ordinance,8 the Incorporated Private Partnerships Act, I962,9 and the Bills of Exchange Act, 196i.10 The main purpose of the present paper is to set out and discuss the statutory legal framework of the banking business in Ghana. The initial task of such a discussion should be the ascertainment of what the Ghanaian legislature considers "a banking business". The Banking Act, I970, provides the following definitions in its interpretation section:"


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Question: Neuro-ophthalmological findings in closed head trauma.

Visual abnormalities following closed head trauma are common and can affect any part of the visual pathway. We reviewed 181 consecutive patients referred with visual complaints following closed head trauma. A motor vehicle accident was the most common etiology of trauma in 57% of cases, direct trauma to the head in 15%, and injuries sustained from a fall in 13%. Sixty-three percent of patients lost consciousness and 26% suffered a skull fracture. Thirty-five percent of all patients had visual field defects with functional (tunnel) fields the most common. Over 88% of eyes had 20/20 or better visual acuity. Thirty-three percent of patients suffered a cranial nerve palsy, with 75% resolving without intervention. The severity of head injury was directly related to the lack of proper seat belt and helmet use. Most visual complaints were improved with a simple refraction. Most binocular diplopia cleared with time, with only 15 cases requiring surgical correction.

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Purpose of Review ::: The purpose of this study was to review the frequency, risk factors, phenomenology, and course of prolonged recovery from concussion and of psychiatric sequelae in pediatric populations.


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Question: Effect of Double Wire Welding Thermal Cycle on Microstructure and Properties of Ni-Cr Steel CGHAZ

By welding thermal simulation technology,optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy,the microstructure and toughness mechanism of Ni-Cr steel double wire CGHAZ were studied.The results show that,after suffered double wire welding thermal cycle,the CGHAZ-50 ℃ low temperature impact energy is significantly lower than that of the parent material,but the CGHAZ toughness under the double wire welding of wire spacing 40 mm are better than that of 20 mm microstructure and grain size difference of CGHAZ are the reasons of low-temperature impact toughness different,the finer grain size the higher toughness.The impact granular bainite to toughness is more complicated,which depends on its parameters,the shape of the island,the number,size and distribution.

Abstract : Partial Contents: A Microcomposite Test Procedure for Evaluating the Constituent Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites; Design, Analysis and Application of an Improved Push-Through Test for the Measurement of Interface Properties in Composites; Fiber Bundle Push-Out: A Technique for the Measurement of Interfacial Sliding Properties; Mechanics of the Fiber Pushout Test; Effects of Fiber Roughness on Interface Sliding in Composites; Fiber Coating Concepts for Brittle Matrix Composites; Preliminary Assessment of Mica as High- Temperature Fiber Coating for SiC Composites; Models for Metal/Ceramic Interface Fracture; Mode II Fracture Toughness of a Brittle Adhesive Layer; and Cracking of Thin Bonded Films in Residual Tension


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Question: Stimulating part-time work by legal entitlements? Evidence from a German policy experiment

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Difference-in-difference estimates indicate that the new law on part-time work in Germany has raised the share of part-time workers in those plants that already used part-time employment whereas it has not stimulated the introduction of part-time work in other plants.

The focus of this thesis is the study of social and psychosocial aspects of sickness absence. In Essay 1, Sickness Absence and Peer Effects – Evidence from a Swedish Municipality, detailed employme ...


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Question: Apply GM(h, N) to cluster the influence factor in heart rate variability index evaluation using five-minute electrocardiogram

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For instance, <<['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'A simple corollary of Alexander’s inequality is shown for a uniform algebra. As a result, we give an inequality between the L∞ -type norm of a given analytic function and the L1 -type norm of the derivative. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 46J10, 30D55.']>>  to <<['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', "A COROLLARY OF ALEXANDER'S INEQUALITY"]>>

The purpose of this paper is to do the heart rate variability index(HRV) evaluation of human based on GM(h, N) in grey system theory, so as to construct an alarm sign for our health. This paper can be divided into four parts. First, the characteristics of heart rate variability index examination in human are presented, such as, pressure index (PSI), total power (TD), very low frequency (VLF), high frequency (HF), the standard deviation of the N-N interval (SDNN). Second, we present GM(h,N) as our mathematics model. Third, based on the mathematics model that we mentioned, to get the evaluation. Finally, we can provide the analyzed results become an alarm sign for human health.

This article, based on the analysis of the relation between the information system and the multivariate time series ( MTS ), constructs comprehensive attribute of all principal components of the MTS by using the contribution ratios of variance to achieve the purpose that makes MTS into single time series and constructs dynamical warp time distance to describe the similarity of the two single time series.


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Question: Red Swarm: smart mobility in cities with EAS

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This work presents an original approach to regulate traffic by using an on-line system controlled by an EA. Our proposal uses computational spots with WiFi connectivity located at traffic lights (the Red Swarm), which are used to suggest alternative individual routes to vehicles. An evolutionary algorithm is also proposed in order to find a configuration for the Red Swarm spots which reduces the travel time of the vehicles and also prevents traffic jams. We solve real scenarios in the city of Malaga (Spain), thus enriching the OpenStreetMap info by adding traffic lights, sensors, routes and vehicle flows. The result is then imported into the SUMO traffic simulator to be used as a method for calculating the fitness of solutions. Our results are competitive compared to the common solutions from experts in terms of travel and stop time, and also with respect to other similar proposals but with the added value of solving a real, big instance.

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It was introduced the branch office's dispatching management information system developed by ITCMOR.


Question: The Fischer Decomposition for the H-action and Its Applications

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Recently the Fischer decomposition for the H-action of the Pin group on Clifford algebra valued polynomials has been obtained. We apply this tool to get various decompositions of special monogenic and inframonogenic polynomials in terms of two sided monogenic ones.

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Introduction and overview of the results Gradient inequality Abstract convergence results Applications to semilinear gradient-like systems in Hilbert spaces Applications to the stability problem Bibliography Index.


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Question: BROCHURE MAKING APPLICATION FOR THE DIGITAL CAFE HANDPHONE USING FLASH LITE 1.1, PHP, MYSQL AND MACROMEDIA FLASH 8

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Making digital brochures cafe applications using Macromedia Flash 8 which became the subject of Scientific Writing is using mobile media to run the application. By using simple tools, action scripts and PHP files are used to connect to the server from the cafe, making this application to have any credibility in terms of business promotion and marketing. Made application allows users to be able to book a place or a reservation to use the online reservation form, and also be able to order food or beverages supplied through a delivery order form. Scientific Writing describes the process of making applications ranging from component design stage, making the scripts, preparation and publication of a flash file server with a facility that has been provided in the software Flash 8.

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THIS PAPER INTRODUCED THE MANUFACTURE OF 26T/26T-30M MAGNET CRANE COOPERATED WITH DSD CO.LTD. GERMANY FOR BAOSHAN IRON STEEL CO.LTD. WIDE THICK PLANT ITEM.ITS SOME NEW CHARACTERISTIC OF STEEL STRUCTURE, QA/QC DOCUMENTATION, DESIGN AND PROGRESS TRANSFORM ARE MAINLY INTRODUCED IN THE PAPER.


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Question: An approach to increase Perceived Consumer Effectiveness : Investigating the effect of Just-World Belief and empowering statements on PCE

Consumers demand for sustainable and ethical products; products that protect the environment as well protect the well-being of workers in every way. Ethical products are a part of sustainability de ...

There is a growing body of research into mobile information and entertainment services in recent years. Using an extended Technology Acceptance Model perspective, this study explored the effect of mobile service quality and its compatibility to mobile technology on users' perceived playfulness toward these services. Mobile Service Quality and Perceived Technology Compatibility were found to influence users' Perceived Playfulness. Furthermore, Perceived Technology Compatibility significantly mediated the relationship between Mobile Service Quality and Perceived Playfulness. This suggests that service attributes need to be aligned with mobile phone functionalities to enhance user's Perceived Playfulness. In addition, Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, and Personalization are the three most important service quality aspects that influenced Perceived Playfulness.


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The provided query could be '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Should diabetes services routinely screen for psychological distress']' and the positive '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The prevalence of depression, anxiety and eating disorders is higher in people with diabetes than the general population. Such psychological distress significantly increases the risk of developing diabetes-related complications accompanied by increased health care costs. People with diabetes have clearly stated that increasing psychological support is a priority issue. Many professionals share this view and it is generally accepted that doing nothing is not a good option. However, it would appear lack of time, training and services that are accessible and acceptable to patients has resulted in ambivalence about whether diabetes teams should routinely screen for psychological distress. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons.']' and the negative '['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', 'Patients diagnosed as suffering with various forms of renal diseases are prone to develop a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders which can adversely influence the degree of morbidity and mortality. The awareness of co-morhid psychiatric and renal disease will facilitate early identification of psychiatric disorders and the initiation of appropriate management']'

Question: The Last-Stage Test Stand as a Facility to Investigate the Phenomena in the LP-Part of Large Steam Turbines

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Improvements of large steam turbines require results from experimental investigations on real turbines. At the Institute fur Thermische Stromungsmaschinen a new Last-Stage test stand has been built providing extended facilities for investigations of flow, steam moisture and vibration phenomona. This contribution presents a description of the test stand with its various set-up configurations for the evaluation of the data to be obtained. The measurement, data acquisition and evaluation systems are explained.Copyright © 1982 by ASME


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Question: Study on Influence of Servo Control Parameters on System Friction Error

In order to analyze the error caused by the friction in aspect of the parameters of servo control system,a model was built based on the experimental platform and a precise friction model was built based on identification of the experimental results. The variation of quadrant error was studied in time domain and frequency domain respectively under condition of different parameters of servo control system. The law of influence of each system parameters on quadrant friction error was summarized. The results can be used as reference for the tuning and optimizing of the parameters of servo control systems,and have certain theoretical and practical values.

Design of an Isolated Airfoil in an Ideal Incompressible Fluid. Account of Compressibility and Viscosity. Airfoil Design for a Given Range of Angels of Attack. Design of Mechanized Airfoils and Airfoils with Permeable Contour. Design Problems for Airfoils with Partially Given Contour. Airfoil Cascade Design. Aerohydrodynamically Reasonable Velocity Distributions. Regularization and Optimization in Inverse Boundary Value Problems of Hydrodynamics.


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Question: Asymptotic properties of noncanonical third order differential equations

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Abstract The purpose of the paper is to show that noncanonical operator Ly=r2(t)r1(t)y′(t)′′ $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \mathcal {L}\,y=\left(r_2(t)\left(r_1(t)y'(t)\right)'\right)' \end{array}$$ can be easily written in essentially unique canonical form Ly=q3(t)q2(t)q1(t)q0(t)y(t)′′′ $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \mathcal {L}\,y = q_3(t)\left(q_2(t)\left(q_1(t)\left(q_0(t)y(t)\right)'\right)'\right)' \end{array}$$ such that ∫∞1qi(s)ds=∞,i=1,2. $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \int\limits^\infty \frac{1}{q_i(s)}\,\text{d}{s}=\infty, \quad i=1,2. \end{array}$$ The canonical representation is applied for examination of the third order noncanonical equations r2(t)r1(t)y′(t)′′+p(t)y(τ(t))=0. $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \left(r_2(t)\left(r_1(t)y'(t)\right)'\right)'+p(t)y(\tau(t))=0. \end{array}$$

Abstract In this paper, we develop the monotone iterative technique for periodic boundary value problems with causal operators.


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Question: Disk in a groove with friction: An analysis of static equilibrium and indeterminacy

Abstract This note studies the statics of a rigid disk placed in a V-shaped groove with frictional walls and subjected to gravity and a torque. The two-dimensional equilibrium problem is formulated in terms of the angles that contact forces form with the normal to the walls. This approach leads to a single trigonometric equation in two variables whose domain is determined by Coulomb's law of friction. The properties of solutions (existence, uniqueness, or indeterminacy) as functions of groove angle, friction coefficient and applied torque are derived by a simple geometric representation. The results modify some of the conclusions by other authors on the same problem.

An analytical model consisting of two Euler Bermoulli beams is joined with a torsional spring with linear and cubic stiffness.The method of averaging is used to find an approximate solution for free and clamped ends.The Frequency amplitude relation is given,and the effects of stimulating loading,cubic nonlinearity and friction damp caused by connection loosing and sliding of the rocket.


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Question: Studies on the Chiral Order Parameter in the Schwinger Model

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Based on an analytical technique using a unitary transformation and the variational method, we study the chiral order parameter in the Schwinger model in the lattice formalism with Kogut-Susskind fermions. The fermion condensate $\langle {\bar\Psi} \Psi \rangle $ for any coupling constant and fermion mass are calculated. Chiral symmetry is shown to be broken in the massless limit and good scaling behavior is obtained.

The Functional Integration Method Collective Excitations in Superfluid Fermi-Systems with s-Pairing Superfluid Phases in 3He The Model of 3He Collective Excitations in the B-Phase of 3He Collective Excitations in the A-Phase of 3He Stability of Goldstone Modes Influence of Dipole Interaction and Magnetic Field on Collective Excitations Influence of Electric Field on the Collective Excitations in 3He and 4He The Order Parameter Distortion and Collective Modes in 3He Collective Excitations in 2D-Phase Collective Excitations in the A1-Phase Experiments on Collective Modes in Superfluid 3He Superfluidity of Two-Dimensional and One-Dimensional Systems Bose Spectrum of Superfluid Solutions 3He-4He Novel Sound Phenomena in Impure Superfluids Collective Modes in Unconventional Superconductors Other Applications of the Theory of Collective Excitations.


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Question: CD4~+CD25~+ Treg cells and bronchial asthma

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The main function of CD4+CD25+Treg cells are immunological anergy and inhibition,which is essential to the maintenance of immunological tolerance in the host.CD4+CD25+ Treg cells produce inhibitory cytokines(TGF-β and IL-10),express membrane molecules(CTLA-4,GITR,etc) and Foxp3.There are abnormal in function and quantity of CD4+CD25+Treg cells of peripheral blood from asthmatic patients,which maybe one of the pathogenesis of asthma.Glucocorticoids can inhibit the airway inflamation of asthma by impacting CD4+CD25+Treg cells.

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e23174Background: We reported an inverse association between tumor-infiltrating B and CD8 T cells in human cancers. Preclinical studies suggested that B cells regulate T cell activities via activat...


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Question: Sensing places' life to make city smarter

This paper explores the smart city concept and proposes an innovative way of sensing urban places' life using aggregation of devices sensors (cameras...) and human sensors (VGI, geosocial networks) datasets. The paper also discusses the need of an enabling geospatial information platform to facilitate data discovery and access in order to support smart cities' operations. Indeed, in this context, Spatial Data Infrastructure plays an important role and acts as an enabling platform linking governments authoritative spatial information with crowd sourced, voluntary information initiatives.

The indoor air quality sensing indicators introduce people to novel concepts necessary for being aware and analysing of the indoor environments and help them to recognise and address indoor environmental quality problems in the building environments and the link to health, comfort and productivity of the occupants.


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Question: Chronic glomerulonephritis: medical and aeromedical disposition.

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A case of presumptive IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in an aircrew member is presented IgAN is a common form of glomerulonephritis associated with IgA deposits in the mesangium of the kidney. Although in the past progression of IgAN was thought to be infrequent, it is now known to lead to end-stage renal disease in 30-35% of patients. In most cases, the presence of IgAN does not represent a risk of sudden incapacitation to aviators. Nevertheless, the significant risk of eventual progression requires adequate follow-up for the patient's welfare as well as the maintenance of aeromedical fitness. Although as a flight surgeon it is often tempting to focus on the question of flight status when evaluating a specific condition, the primary responsibility of any physician is to his or her patient's well-being.

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The history of laparoscopy education, technical preparation, and material conditions patient preparation indications contraindications anaesthesia technique of laparoscopic procedures postoperative care complications and their treatment documentation of records further development of the laparoscopic instrumentation concluding remarks and outlook.


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Question: Baseline Processing Analysis for Continuously Operating Reference Station Based on GAMIT

GAMIT software has been widely used in data processing of high precise GPS networks.In the GPS baseline processing using GAMIT software,this author often meet such problems as confirming the coordinate of base station,preparing the files of station information,station information control files,information files segment of survey,etc.The problems are explained in detail.What is more,the author analyzes the results of one continuously operating reference stations baseline processing.

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These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Application of improved PSO algorithm on two dimension best threshold image segmentation

According to large amount of calculation,Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) might easily fall into local optimal values and long runtime in two dimension entropy image segmentation,this paper proposes a two dimension entropy segmentation of improved PSO.This method is based on PSO enlightened by geese flock.Using the ideas in literature,the velocity formula is improved,and the random interfere strategy is introduced to accelerate the converge speed and overcome the part optimal values problem from two aspects.The simulations show that the searching time is shorten,the convergence speed is improved and the real-time effect of image segmentation in threshold optimization is improved too.

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The conventional climb method is difficult to apply for the multimodal and multi-dimensional optimization problem. To solve this problem, the improved climb method is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm can mitigate the time for the optimization and increase the reliability for the optimization. The proposed algorithm is verified through the optimization of an axial flux permanent magnet motor.


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Question: Effectiveness of Pension Saving Management: Theoretical and Empirical Aspects

The paper analyzes the impact of regulation and supervision on the effectiveness of investment of pension savings based on international practice. It examines the factors which can potentially affect the real return of pension portfolios in different countries. The authors study the impact of more liberal investment limits on the composition and structure of pension investment portfolio, as well as anti-inflationary policy, on raising the real return. They also examine the factors which predict the degree of severity of asset allocation requirements for pension portfolios in different countries, and estimate the likelihood of their relaxing for Russian pension funds and managing companies.

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Environmental Challenges, Regulations and Institutions in Saudi Arabia.- Environmental Concerns and Policies in Saudi Arabia.- Environmental Investments.- Incentive Structures.- Environmental Business Channels.- The Way Forward.


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Question: Effects of Grazing on Tiller Size and Population Dynamics in a Clonal Sedge (Carex bigelowii)

The clonal sedge, Carex bigelowwi Torr. ex Schwein., is common in the subarctic range lands of the Icelandic Highlands, which are grazed during summer, mainly by sheep. The effects of grazing on tiller and the population dynamics were studied by comparing grazed and ungrazed sites at two altitudes. On a tiller basis, C. bigelowii responded to grazing by decreased tiller size and reduced probability of flowering while on a unit area basis, both density and biomass increased. The moss Racomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid., also abundant at the study sites, is not grazed but sensitive to trampling. The moss dry weight was four times greater at an ungrazed site than at a comparable grazed site

P. Day and M. Strauss, Part I: Summary: J.E. Thorpe, G.A.E. Gall, J.E. Lannan, C.E. Nash, and B. Ballachey, The Need to Manage Fish and Shellfish Genetic Resources. Human Interventions and Genetic Risks. The Conservation of Genetic Resources through Risk Management. Status of Aquatic Genetic Resource Management. References. Appendix. Part II: Management Studies: J.E. Thorpe and L. Stradmeyer, The Atlantic Salmon. D. Hedgecock, The Cupped Oyster. G.W. Wohlfarth, The Common Carp and Chinese Carps. A.E. Eknath, The Nile Tilapia. References. Subject Index.


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Question: Temperature dependence on shock response of stainless steel

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Free surface velocity measurements were reported for HR-2(Cr-Ni-Mn-N) stainless steel, initially heated to 300K∼1000K and shock-compressed to about 8GPa. The corresponding spall strength σf and Hugoniot elastic limit σHEL were determined from the wave profiles. It is demonstrated that σf and σHEL decrease linearly with increasing temperature T in the range from 300K to 806K, i.e., σf=5.63−4.32×10−3T and σHEL=2.08−1.54×10−3T, and in the range of 806K∼980K, σHEL increases from 0.84GPa at 806K to 0.93GPa at 980K, σf has a negligible increase to 2.15GPa from 2.14GPa. Primary TEM test on recovery samples identified the existence of intermatallic compound Ni3Ti in the sample of 980K.

In this article, the effect of the acoustic emission sensor on the acoustic emission waveforms from fatigue crack growth in a thin aerospace specimen is presented. In situ acoustic emission fatigue...


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Question: The Business Development Center Approach of Swisscontact in Peru

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This documents explains the basic principles and concepts of the Business Development Centers (BDC) model of Swisscontact, a company providing professional and vocational training, environmental protection and small enterprise development in 25 countries in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa and Asia. The document also explains how these principles applied to the Peruvian context.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Degree functions and projectively full ideals in 2-dimensional rational singularities that can be desingularized by blowing up the unique maximal ideal

Let (R,m) be a 2-dimensional rational singularity with algebraically closed residue field and for which the associated graded ring is an integrally closed domain. According to Gohner, (R,m) satisfies condition (N): given a prime divisor v, there exists a unique complete m-primary ideal Av in R with T(Av)={v} and such that any complete m-primary ideal with unique Rees valuation v, is a power of Av. We use the theory of degree functions developed by Rees and Sharp as well as some results about regular local rings, to investigate the degree coefficients d(Av,v). As an immediate corollary, we find that for a simple complete m1-primary ideal I1 in an immediate quadratic transform (R1,m1) of (R,m); the inverse transform of I1 in R is projectively full.

We study the geometry of EPW sextics in order to produce special subvarieties. In particular we exhibit a (singular) Enriques surface and we compute its class in the Chow ring of the sextic. In order to do this, we produce an explicit degeneration of double EPW sextics to a Hilbert scheme of two points on a quartic surface, both in the smooth and in the singular case (keeping the singularities). The fixed locus of the covering involution on the double EPW sextic degenerates to the surface of bitangents to the quartic, which can be shown to be birational to an Enriques surface, provided the quartic acquires enough nodes. This construction is used in Ferretti (Algebra Number Theory, 2009a) as a starting point to prove a conjecture of Beauville and Voisin on the Chow ring of irreducible symplectic varieties, in the particular case of a very general double EPW sextic.


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Question: The Bakassi Boys: Vigilantism, Violence, and Political Imagination in Nigeria

In Nigeria and elsewhere, vigilantism appears to be a common response to ambivalence and discontent about the authority of the state. The rise of the Bakassi Boys and their tremendous popularity reveal complexities and contradictions that characterize the contours of political organization and imagination in contemporary Nigeria. Vigilantism is shown to be a reaction to the disappointments of Nigeria's neoliberal economic reforms and democratization, drawing on idioms of accountability rooted in the supernatural. Yet, paradoxically, popular justification for vigilantism also draws on ideals of democracy and development. Further, popular perceptions of the Bakassi Boys and a coopting of vigilantism by politicians serve to obscure the responsibility of the state for the maintenance of inequality even as vigilantism is, simultaneously, a forceful reaction to institutionalized injustice.

Introduction. PART ONE: Sallie Westwood 1. Ruptures: Decentred Nations: Transnationalism and the Nation in Latin America 2. The Politics of Belonging: Political Love 3. The Politics of Belonging: Imagining America 4. Economic Ethnoscapes: Diamonds are Forever - Making Connections: Trans-Nationals, Nation and Migration PART TWO: Annie Phizacklea 5. Ruptures: Migration and Globalisation 6. The Politics of Belonging: Sex Work, Domestic Work and Transnational Household Strategies 7. Economic Ethnoscapes: Men, Women and Business


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Question: Temperature Compensated Current Reference Controlled by Feedback

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A non-bistable bootstrap current reference is presented.The novel reference current is determined by feedback,and also temperature compensation is realized.Compared with traditional bootstrap current reference,the novel one avoids bistable state and could be started up fast with good temperature compensation.Using UMC 0.6 μm BCD technology,2 μA reference current has been designed.Its start-up time is 1 μs under the power slope of 5 V/μs,and its TCF is 105×10-6/℃(105PPm/℃) in the temperature rang of-25~70℃.It is suitable to set the gain of core current mirror to 10 by discussing the influence of circuit parameter on performance.

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Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: Advanced prostate cancer: the future.

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['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper\n------\nFor example, Business model is a concept that has gained increasing attention in recent years. It is seen as a firm’s ticket to success and has been studied by researchers and managers alike to find the ultimat ... should be similar to Entering the Chinese e-merging market : A single case study of buisness model adjustment', 'Carbon nanotubes supported Co3O4 catalyst(Co3O4/CNTs) was prepared by the method of impregnation-deposition.The effect of cobalt nitrate concentration on the catalytic performance of the prepared Co3O4/CNTs in cyclohexane oxidation was investigated,and the effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,concentrations of Co3O4/CNTs and initiator in the system of cyclohexane oxidation on the cyclohexane conversion and product selectivity were also investigated.It is found that the Co3O4/CNTs catalyst prepared with 0.5mol/L of cobalt nitrate solution possessed better catalytic performance in cyclohexane oxidation,and with tert-butyl hydroperoxide as initiator and air as oxidant the optimum oxidation reaction conditions were obtained,that is,reaction temperature of 150℃ and reaction time of 2 h,under which the conversion of cyclohexane oxidation was 14.23%,the selectivity of cyclohexanol,clohexanone and cyclohexyl hydroperoxide was 90.20%.'] == ['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Catalytic Oxidation Reaction of Cyclohexane on Co_3O_4 Supported Carbon Nanotube Catalysts']

Abstract The demonstration of a survival benefit with docetaxel for the treatment of metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) is an important step forward in advancing treatment options for advanced prostate cancer. While docetaxel-based therapy has demonstrated improvement in symptomatic and quality-of-life endpoints, certainly there is a pressing need for improvement in outcomes. A number of novel agents are in basic and clinical development for advanced prostate cancer, some of which are specific to mechanisms that may be important in the development and spread of prostate cancer. Novel approaches including novel cytotoxics, immunotherapy, PSMA targeted monoclonal antibodies are among the broad categories that will be discussed in this brief review.

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Provided: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Lightning can produce a large number of outages in an electric power system through the back-flashover phenomenon. The paper is devoted to the back-flashover study and analysis of overhead transmission lines using different tower and lightning models. Simulation results were obtained using the EMTP software package linked to external computer routines, which were developed by the authors, converting specified sets of lightning parameters into mathematical functions, avoiding the editing of large text files to represent user sources. Three different functions were created in order to generate concave, double-exponential or triangular wave shapes, with specified lightning current parameters. Different, constant or non-linear, footing resistance values were assumed. Finally, the solutions are compared and some important conclusions to the back-flashover effect in overhead transmission lines are pointed out.']" Match: "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Back-flashover analysis of overhead transmission lines for different tower and lightning models']"

Applying the best available evidence gained from the scientific method to clinical decision making. Translating the evidence into practice.