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Question: Effects of two training methods on systolic time interval in male university students

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To investigate effects of short-term endurance and strength-endurance training of aerobic training on systolic time intervals (STI)in male university student this research measured STI in twenty male university students before,after six weeks and after eight weeks training separately.The results showed that LVET and QS 2 increased significantly following six or eight weeks endurance training and that LVET and QS 2 increased significantly only following eight weeks strength-endurance training.These results demonstrate that short-term endurance and strength-endurance training all increase LVET and QS 2,in which there is different training time threshold from training items.

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This study aims to determine the effect of flexibility exercises combined with plyometrics in hurdles race, on physical fitness, motor skills (MS) and hip range of motion.


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Question: Relay synchronization in multiplex networks of discrete maps

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Complex multiplex networks consist of several subnetwork layers, which interact via pairwise inter-layer connections. Relay synchronization between distant layers which are not directly connected, but only via a relay layer, can be observed in multiplex networks. We study three-layer networks of discrete logistic maps, where each individual layer is a nonlocally coupled ring, and demonstrate scenarios of relay synchronization of complex patterns in the outer layers which interact via an intermediate layer. We find regimes of relay synchronization for chimera states, i.e., patterns of coexisting coherent and incoherent domains, and a transition from phase chimeras to amplitude chimeras for increasing inter-layer coupling. We determine analytically the approximate critical coupling strengths for the existence of phase chimeras.

A coupled oscillator array architecture that can form nonuniform phase distribution is given. Using this architecture and its phase distribution, a simple method of null directions forming is given by manipulating the frequency and the coupling phase of the elements at the boundary of the array. The numerical simulation result is analyzed in 7 element coupled oscillator array.


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Question: Overview of Hotline Counseling of Mental Health in Shanghai from 1990 to 2000

Objective: To sum up characteristics of hotline counseling about mental health problems in Shanghai. Method: All records of hotline counseling from 1990 to 2000 were input into computer. Retrospective analysis was done. Results: In the past 10 years, the main issues in hotline counseling were associated with love affairs (18.1%), emotional troubles (15.8%), psychosis (11.3%), and interpersonal relationship (8.1%), which were also related to the help-seekers background, such as gender, age, education levels, occupation and marriage status.

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Proceedings of the Workshop on ICT Uses in Warfare and the Safeguarding of Peace 2010 Forever Resort, Bela Bela 11 October 2010


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Question: Bilinear Models in Parameter Estimation and Control of Flexible Robot arms(

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An approximate bilinear model is proposed for a single link flexible robot arm. Some case studies are included in which the effectiveness of the proposed technique is tested in simulation.

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


Question: Oxygen and Phytoplankton Changes in the Newly Forming Volta Lake in Ghana

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THE Volta Dam was closed on May 18, 1964, initiating the transformation of a tropical river into one of the largest man-made lakes in the world. This lake will lie between latitudes 6° N. and 9° N. along the 0° meridian. Stretching more than 250 miles, it will eventually cover an area of 3,275 square miles and hold 120 million ft./acre of water. The maximum elevation of the water surface will be maintained at 276 ft. above sea-level and the seasonal variation in depth will be 8–10 ft.

ABSTRACT Hequette, A.; Ruz, M.H.; Zemmour, A.; Marin, D.; Cartier, A., and Sipka, V., 2019. Alongshore Variability in Coastal Dune Erosion and Post-Storm Recovery, Northern Coast of France. In: Cas...


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Question: Monitoring Corrosion Using Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques

Abstract Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are two useful spectroscopic techniques for corrosion studies especially because they can provide real-time information on various corrosion systems. This chapter discusses the applications of these two techniques in the studies of aqueous corrosion, atmospheric corrosion, corrosion inhibitors, and corrosion protection coatings. Available techniques and instrumentation for each application will be provided as a guideline for related investigations. Various examples from literature are discussed to show the power of these two techniques in corrosion studies. Specifically, these two techniques found a wide application in corrosion protection coating systems, including monitoring the growth of coatings, studying their degradation in corrosive environments, and characterization of the corrosion products.

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47. Quantum Chemical Studies of Molecular Structures and Potential Energy Surfaces of Porphyrins and Hemes. 48. Models for the Electronic Structure of Metalloporphyrins from High-Resolution X-ray Diffraction and Ab Initio Calculations. 49. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Applied to Porphyrin Chemistry. 50. Molecular Simulations and Normal-Coordinate Structural Analysis of Porphyrins and Heme Proteins. 51. Resonance Raman Spectra of Heme Proteins and Model Compounds. 52. Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Petroporphyrins. 53. Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of Heme Proteins and Model Systems. 54. Mass Spectrometry of Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins.


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Question: Entrepreneurship, Transnationalism, and Development

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This article reviews the debate on economic and social consequences of immigrant entrepreneurship as well as theories advanced to explain different levels of selfemployment among immigrant and ethnic minorities. We examine the impact of professional and entrepreneurial migration on sending countries from the viewpoint of traditional theories of the brain drain as well as from that of the more recent transnational perspective. Finally, we present the latest data on the effects of selfemployment on income levels for various immigrant and ethnic groups. Results confirm the conclusion of a consistently positive net effect, both for annual incomes and hourly earnings. Implications of these results for theories of immigrant adaptation and policies implemented by sending and receiving countries are discussed.

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Post-Structuralism, Ethnography and the Critical Analysis of Educational Reform What is Policy? - Texts, Trajectories and Toolboxes Education, Majorism and the Curriculum of the Dead Education Policy, Power Relations and Teachers' Work Cost, Culture and Control - Self Management and Entrepreneurial Schooling "New Headship" - Schools Leadership, New Relationships and New Tensions Education Markets, Choice and Social Class: The Market as a Class Strategy in the UK and US Competitive Schooling:. Values, Ethics and Cultural Engineering.


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Question: Spatiotemporal Receptive Fields and Direction Selectivity

A yard goods display stand has a vertically extending central support member to which at least two vertically spaced racks are secured; each rack has a series of radial slots therein which extend to the outer edge of the rack and which are vertically aligned with the slots of the other rack to permit insertion of the ends of fabric bolts in opposed slots for support on the stand.

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Preface Synaptic Plasticity: Physiology and Neurological Disease Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory Based on Research on Ca 2 +/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Synaptic Plasticity: Emerging Role for Endocannabinoid System The Presence of Perforated Synapses in the Striatum after Dopamine Depletion. Is this a sign of Negative Brain Plasticity? Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in the Cerebellum Seizure-Induced Synaptic Plasticity: Understanding Synaptic Reorganisation Synaptic Plasticity in Cocaine Addiction Synaptic Plasticity in the Medical Prefrontal Cortex Cellular Cognition: A Focus on LTP and LTD in the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Synaptic Plasticity and Mnemonic Encoding by Hippocampal Formation Place Cells Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity by the Scaffolding Protein Spinophilin Dopamine-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in the Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Thalamocortical Loops as Mechanism of Visual Attention Index.


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Question: Image denoising with neighbour dependency and customized wavelet and threshold

Image denoising by means of wavelet transforms has been an active research topic for many years. For a given noisy image, which kind of wavelet and what threshold we use should have significant impact on the quality of the denoised image. In this paper, we use Simulated Annealing to find the customized wavelet filters and the customized threshold corresponding to the given noisy image at the same time. Also, we propose to consider a small neighbourhood around the customized wavelet coefficient to be thresholded for image denoising. Experimental results show that our approach is better than VisuShrink, our NeighShrink with fixed wavelet, and the wiener2 filter that is available in Matlab Image Processing Toolbox. In addition, our NeighShrink with fixed wavelet already outperforms VisuShrink for all the experiments.

The traditional approach to image interpolation is by synthesis using basis functions because of its computational simplicity and experience-proven quality of the result. We offer an alternative approach to designing the basis (interpolation kernels), using least-squares optimisation and image models that encompass the prior knowledge. In this paper we consider and derive a finite-support interpolation kernel based on a step-edge model and show that this results in a piece-wise cubic polynomial similar to Keys' cubic convolution. We offer an experimental comparison of the proposed kernel to a number of common methods and show that it performs similar to, or better than, the existing methods with similar extent of spatial support.


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Question: New discoveries of plants from Hebei province

This paper reports one genus,three species and one form which are not recorded in Flora of Hebei and Name list of higher plant in Hebei.Among them,Sida szechuensis Matsuda,Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.var.depressa(Honda) Kitag.are record for the first time.

Some First creation world living myths are narrated in the Huangnan district of Qing Hai province as well as some culture myths about the creation god Si Ba and Hala shooting the sun,which we called the second creation world myth.The myths supply a holy proof of the Tibetan culture and society and a model of human life too.It also stands a symbol meaning in life and has a vital meaning in studying the nation and culture history.


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Question: Introduction of monascus and its bioactive substances

Monascus spp and its species,and bioactive substances produced by monascus spp were made an overall description in this paper.

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For instance, <<['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Murraya paniculata Linn. ( Murraya exotica L.) belongs to the family Rutaceae, and is commonly known as orange jasmine and Honeybush. It is distributed over the g reater part of India and the Andaman Islands to an altitude of 1500 m. This study measure different phytochemical constituent in the M. paniculata leaves extract. The extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flovonoids, phe nolic compounds, carbohydrate, proteins & amino acids and; while fixed oil, saponins and mucilage were absent. The present study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use of M. paniculata leaves and phytochemical exploration could be usef ul in future experimental studies.']>>  to "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES Exploration of preliminary phytochemical studies of leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.)']"

As the main active ingredient,Flarnmulina velutipes polysaccharide is increasingly becoming one of the hot spot of the functional food industries research.The article reviewed the research advance of F.velutipes polysaccarides including the structure,function,and extraction methods of polysaccharides.


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Question: Deployable membrane structures with rolled-up booms and their deployment characteristics

1 Visiting Professor, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 3-4-1 Okubo / 55S-608, Associate Fellow AIAA 2 Research Associate, Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, 3-4-1 Okubo / 59-314 ; presently, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Materials Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan, Member AIAA 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Space Flight Systems, 3-1-1 Chuoh-ku Yoshinodai, Member AIAA 4 Chief Engineer, 14-10 Shimoyasuta, Maruoka-cho, Member AIAA 5 Professor and Dean, 3-4-1 Okubo, Member AIAA Deployable Membrane Structures with Rolled-up Booms and Their Deployment Characteristics

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Abstract The urgent need for sustainable buildings calls for the adoption of active building facades that harvest wind and solar energy through on-site wind power generators and solar panels. Particularly interesting is the use of tensegrity structures for the construction of renewable energy supplies, due to their easy integration with solar and acoustical panels, which can form special rigid members of the structure. The present study deals with the design of active facades based on tensegrity units, which supports shading devices and/or solar panels. The tensegrity units are foldable and deployable and are controlled by stretching or relaxing selected cables. Wind generators to convert the strain energy stored in the cables of wind-excited units into electrical power are also designed. The proposed structures offer portable applications for small spans and are easy to assemble using prefabricated component parts in the case of large spans.


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Question: Synthesis and characterisation of Sr1.2Nd0.8Mn0.6Rh0.4O4

A polycrystalline sample of Sr1.2Nd0.8Mn0.6Rh0.4O4 has been synthesised and characterised by neutron diffraction, dc magnetometry, muon spectroscopy and magnetotransport measurements. It is an n ::: = 1 member of the Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) An+1BnO3n+1 family, having tetragonal (I4/mmm) symmetry [a ::: = 3.86418(6), c ::: = 12.4414(2) ::: A]. Rh and Mn cations are disordered over the six-coordinate sites within the perovskite layers of the RP structure and the A sites are occupied by a disordered distribution of Nd and Sr. In contrast to the analogous compound Sr1.2La0.8Mn0.6Rh0.4O4, which showed long range ferromagnetic ordering in an applied field at 2 K, a spin-glass transition was observed at 16 K for the Nd-containing compound. No long range magnetic order was observed at 2 K. A maximum magnetoresistance of ∼30% in a 140 kOe field was found at 125 K.

We report on the investigation of morphology, magnetic and conductive properties of the mutilayered nanostructures [(Co40Fe40B20)(34)(SiO2)(66)]/[C](47) consisting of the contacting magnetic (Co Fe ...


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Question: Effect ofα-methyldopa on renal plasma flow in patients with renal hypertension

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A study of the effect of the hypotensive drug Dopegyt on the effective renal plasma flow, the peripheral renal resistance and the isotope nephrography with131I-hippuran was carried out in 12 patients with renal hypertension and compensated renal function. The authors established that the hypotensive action of Dopegyt was not associated with significant changes in the indices studied. Based on these data, it is suggested that arterial hypertension in renal diseases should be treated with Dopegyt.

Both circulating and local renin-angiotensin systems (RAS) may contribute to cardiovascular homeostasis under normal and pathophysiologic conditions. They may also play a role in the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In the present study, we compared systemic and regional hemodynamic effects of nonhypotensive doses of captopril and enalaprilate in normal rats, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and rats with heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI)


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Question: Hadamard transform capillary electrophoresis.

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This paper reports the first demonstration of a multiplex sample injection technique in capillary electrophoresis. The sample was injected into a capillary (effective length, 4 cm) as a pseudorandam Hadamard sequence by a photodegradation technique using a high-power gating laser, and the fluorescence signal, which was measured using a probe excitation beam, was decoded by an inverse Hadamard transformation. The signal-to-noise ratio was improved by a factor of 8, which was in good agreement with the theoretically predicted value of 8.02. This approach is potentially useful for the enhancement of the sensitivity by 3 orders of magnitude in high-resolution capillary electrophoresis, combined with fluorescence detection.

An amino-silica capillary monolithic column was in situ prepared by polymerization of tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(AEAPTES).The prepared monolithic column was emplyed for the extration of Glutamic acid,and the experimetal conditions for loading and elution were optimized.Under the optimal conditions,a 4 cm monolithic column provided a capacity of 2.5 ng amino acid.Based on the above facts,a new method of amino-silica capillany monolithic column extraction combined with cupillary electrophoesis-laser induced fluorscence spectrometry was proposed for the determination of Glutamic acid.


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Question: Radio communication system and its method

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At a transmitting end, it is decided, based on the status of a propagation path, whether a pilot symbol, which is different from a basic pilot symbol, should be added to a frame; if so decided, a control symbol, which includes information related to the additional pilot symbol, is produced; the frame is made up such that it includes the basic pilot symbol, control symbol, additional pilot symbol and a data symbol; and the thus made-up frame is then transmitted. At a receiving end, the control symbol included in the received frame is demodulated; it is determined, based on the control symbol information, whether the additional pilot symbol is included in the received frame; if so determined, the additional pilot symbol is used to estimate the propagation path; and the propagation path estimation value is used to demodulate the data symbol.

The present invention relates to a data package and a data processing unit, at least one data connection, at least one transmission device in the data network of several apparatus having a data processing device to a connected data network by the data connecting means receiving routine for receiving, transmitting the data packages received from one or more transmitting devices in the data network, independent of the one or more transmitting devices, at least one receiving device connected to the data network an apparatus for performing either or maintaining generating organically data network having a dynamic topology and a software and a transmission routine for. Furthermore, the present invention is, independent of the transmitting device, the at least one receiving apparatus, a method and software data package received from the transmitting device. Device according to the invention can be used, for example, cellular phones, streaming Internet applications, and in the cable television.


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Question: Menu interface features, older adults and public access technology

Abstract The developed world has an ageing population; at the same time there an is increase in the use of technology and computers for a wide variety of functions. Hence there is a need to ensure that public technologies are well designed for use by older adults. This study examined some features of computer menu systems, and compared the performance of old and young adults in carrying out menu searches. It was found that the mouse is a more suitable interaction device than the keyboard. In addition, there is a performance advantage of broad over deep menu structures, and of natural over ambiguous language. These findings are consistent with previous work, and extend it by including an older sample.

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LKC specialty guide about rural services nursing, and for rural services nursing education within CHHHS


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Question: Radio influence insulator characteristics

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Insulators on high voltage lines may cause radio interference by the arcing of the insulator charging current. A copper oxide glaze for new insulators has been developed to prevent this arcing; treatment of old insulators with special compounds to exclude air is reported as helpful. Suspension insulators are found to require no treatment.

This paper encloses difficult of EAI’s enforcealbe process and gives a faw experience and resolvable scheme in technologic project of EAI.


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Question: Electrical properties of samarium fluoride thin films

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Abstract Thin film capacitors of SmF 3 were fabricated by thermal evaporation. The a.c. electrical properties of these films were studied in the frequency range 0.5–30 kHz at various temperatures (300–376 K). The measurements indicated an interfacial polarization in the low frequency region. The tan δ versus frequency plot exhibited a pronounced maximum which shifts to a higher frequency region with increasing temperature. The dielectric relaxation was explained on the basis of dipolar orientation in the film structure. An activation energy of 1.44 eV for the conduction process was estimated. The temperature coefficient of capacitance and breakdown field strength were estimated and the results are discussed.

An analysis is made of the relationship between the susceptibility to external pressure and the structural characteristics of perovskite-like halide ferroelastics


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Question: Composition of environment-friendly soil binder and method of wet or semidry slope greening using the same

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PURPOSE: An environment-friendly soil binder composition is provided to conduct excellent afforestation with excellent moisturizing effect through a wet method by a wet mat with foam board and rice husks through a semi-dry afforestation method with a soil binder. CONSTITUTION: An environment-friendly soil binder composition is used as a vegetation mat for affforestation. The vegetation mat consists of 100 weight% of a wet mat. The wet mat comprises 4-6 weight% of peat, 13-16 weight% of a sheet, 25-30 weight% of a bark organic source, 9-10 weight% of vermiculite, 4-6 weight% of a perlite, 4-6 weight% of a wood long fiber, 2-3 weight% of expanded chaff(11), 2-3 weight% of foam board(12), 13-16 weight% of cocopeat, 13-16 weight% of soil and soil binder, and a microorganism agent. [Reference numerals] (10) Wet mat; (11) Expanded chaff; (12) Foam board

The present invention relates to a production method of an eco-friendly synthetic wood composite, and the eco-friendly synthetic wood composite produced by the same, more specifically the production method of the synthetic wood composite, and the eco-friendly synthetic wood composite produced by the same which is capable of improving the matter properties of a product including waterproof and weatherproof properties by optimizing the mixture rate of wood powder, a polymer resin, and an additive and processing the wood powder with organic silane before mixing all components. The synthetic wood composite has fire retardant properties, and additionally have an emission effect of far-infrared rays and negative ions for using the composite has an external or internal material for a building.


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Question: Clinical analysis on 365 cases of vitiligo vulgaris

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Objective To investigate the relationship between various clinical charactersistics and the severity of vitiligo vulgaris.Methods Questionnaires were made which contain clinical charactersistics and epidemiology.Results 365 patients with vitiligo vulgaris were evaluated.Males constituted 52.88%(193) and female 47.12% (172).Family histories were present in 48 cases (13.15%).The lesion is common among 1% to 5% of body surface area.lesion area of males are often larger than females (2=13.99,0.01P0.05).Causative factor was showed in 82 patients and the most were psychentonia and deprementia.Conclusion The pathogenesis of vitiligo may have relationship with genetics.Emotion and nervous may effect the onset of vitiligo.

Objective:To analyse clinical and pathological presentation of 20 cases of atrophie blanche. Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data from 20 patients with this disorder in our hospital,including data from clinical and pathological presentation and treatment. Results:The disease was mostly seen in young women of the lower leg,11 of 20 patients(55%) had thrombus formation in the lumen of blood vessels.The first choice of treatment is high dose of dipyridamole,combined with low dose of aspirin.The total effective rate was 100% and the rate of early misdiagnosis is 50%. Conclusion:The diagnosis of this disorder is mainly dependent on clinical features and histopathologic changes.Medical personnel should be alerted to the diagnosis of atrophie blanche.


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Question: A CASE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HEMANGIOMA

Primary benign vascular tumors of the heart are rare. They are hemangiomas, lymphangiomas and hemangioendotheliomas. Of the three, lymphangiomas are very rare and hemangiomas occur frequently(1). 35yr old male with atypical chest pain was diagnosed to have mass with heterogenous opacity in left ventricle by echocardiogram. It turned out to be hemangioma on histopathologic examination

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: Young People's Aspirations in Agriculture: A Case Study of Ghana's Cocoa Sector

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Paper for “Young People, Farming and Food”: International Conference on the ::: Future of the Agrifood Sector ::: University of Ghana, Legon ::: 19 – 21 March 2012

Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: On Application of the Evidences in Civil Proceedings

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It is undoubted that evidences are very important in proceeding theory and judicial practice.The application of evidences decides the outcome of litigation.This paper centers on the application of evidences and analyses how to use the evidence rules to realize the purpose of action as parties and attorney agents,such as object of proof,burden of proof,rules of exempt from producing evidences,time limit for producing evidences,rules of evidence, stand of proof.

Introductory Notes, Terminological Issues and Demarcation of the Scope of the Study.- The Procedural Autonomy of the Member States from the Viewpoint of the Principles and Criteria Regulating the Relations Between National Law and EU Law.- The Jurisprudence of the ECJ on the Procedural Autonomy of Member States: Analysis of the Fundamental Judgements.- The Procedural Autonomy of the Member States: Judges and Legislators. Conclusions.


Question: Response to Comment on “Patterns of Diversity in Marine Phytoplankton”

Huisman argues that environments of intermediate variability promote coexistence of model phytoplankton, apparently contrasting our hypothesis that stability allows for greater diversity of equivalent competitors in the ocean. We argue that our original interpretations of the mechanisms governing model diversity patterns remain valid and that Huisman’s results are complementary to our hypotheses.

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Preface 1. Introduction 2. Biotic Interactions in Soil as Drivers of Ecosystem Properties 3. Plant Community Influences on the Soil Community and Plant-Soil Feedbacks 4. Ecosystem Level Significance of Aboveground Consumers 5. Aboveground and Belowground Consequences of Species Losses and Gains 6. Underlying Themes and Ways Forward References Index


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Question: Flexibility in manufacturing systems: definitions and Petri net modelling

Abstract A discussion on the multi-dimensional character of flexibility is presented and an approach is suggested to define and measure flexibility. Petri nets are used as a design representation of an FMS for the purpose of comparing different systems on a flexibility basis thus unveiling their desirable flexibility properties.

This paper presents an analytical review of mathematical programming models that have been proposed as aids to the related problems of resource allocation and project selection in RD built-in assumptions; ease of computation; usefulness of outputs; versatility of application.


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Question: Weak Homomorphisms of Coalgebras Beyond Set

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We study the notion of weak homomorphisms between coalgebras of different types generalizing thereby that of homomorphisms for similarly typed coalgebras. This helps extend some results known so far in the theory of Universal coalgebra over Set. We find conditions under which coalgebras of a set of types and weak homomorphisms between them form a category. Moreover, we establish an Isomorphism Theorem that extends the so-called First Isomorphism Theorem, showing thereby that this category admits a canonical factorization structure for morphisms.

Inversion of Finite Toeplitz Matrices.- Inversion of Finite ToeplitzMatrices Consisting of Elements of a Noncommutative Algebra.- Matrix Integral Operators on a Finite Interval with Kernels Depending on the Difference of the Arguments.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. I. The Resultant Operator for Matrix Polynomials.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. II. The Continual Analogue of the Resultant Operator.- The Spectrum of Singular Integral Operators in L p Spaces.- On an Algebra Generated by the Toeplitz Matrices in the Spaces h p .- On Singular Integral Equations with Unbounded Coefficients.- Singular Integral Equations with Continuous Coefficients on a Composed Contour.- On a Local Principle and Algebras Generated by Toeplitz Matrices.- The Symbol of Singular Integral Operators on a Composed Contour.- One-dimensional Singular Integral Operators with Shift.- Algebras of Singular Integral Operators with Shift.


Question: Research of the Effects on Rat Eyes Induced by High-power Microwave Irradiation

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Provided: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', "Based on material from two clinical trials performed by The Netherlands Joint Study Group for Ovarian Cancer, we constructed a prognostic index (PI) with considerable predictive power for long-term survival of patients treated with cytotoxic combination chemotherapy including cisplatin. The pretreatment characteristics needed for the calculation of the PI are the Karnofsky index, the site of metastases expressed as the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, the size of residual tumor, the Broders' grade, and the presence of ascites. In the subgroup comprising the 10% of the patients with the best prognosis, 4-year survival was 75%, whereas all of the patients in the subgroup comprising the 10% with the poorest prognosis died within 4 years, which illustrates the large variability of the prognosis among patients. The PI was found to retain its value after response was achieved. The information provided by the PI can be expected to be useful in treatment planning and for proper ..."]" Match: "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract:', 'Predictability of the survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer.']"

Objective To observe the bioeffects of HPM on animal retina,and to provide biological basis for precautions against the HPM.Method The animals were divided into two groups randomly,irradiated for 10 min and 20 min respectively.Examination by thermometer,funduscope and electroretinograms(ERG)were carried out at different time points to study the effects of HPM on retina function.Results The body temperature,blood vessel of rat eyeground and b-wave amplitude of ERG showed temporary and slightly changes immediately after HPM exposure,which went natural after 1-3 days.There were no significant differences(P0.05)in the temperature and amplitude of b-wave between the two groups.Conclusion Under a given condition,retinal functional change is after HPM exposure at single irradiation,which may be a body stress response,contributing to reparation after damage,and serves as an important early indication of damage.

Objective: to Explore Effects of Different Physical Activity Levels on the Risk of Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged Teachers in Local Universities, and to Provide Empirical Reference for the Intervention of Physical Activity in Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged Teachers and the Improvement of Quality of Life. Methods :a Total of 103 Effective Data Were Measured, Aged From45 to 59,the International Physical Activity (Pa)Questionnaire Was Adopted to Define the Levels of Pa, High Physical Activity Level Group(Hg, n=19),Moderate Physical Activity Level Group(Mg, n=47),Low Physical Activity Level Group(Lg, n=37).the Indexes of Common Cardiovascular Diseases Such as Osteoporosis and Arteriosclerosis Were Tested,One-Way Anova Was Used to Investigate the Effects of Different Levels of Pa on Indicators of Chronic Diseases among This Group, Correlation Analysis between Osteoporosis Disease Risk Factors and Pa Was Analyzed by Spearman Correlation, Using Spss19.0 Software, and the Significance Level Was P


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Question: Observing nonlinear effects in vibrating strings

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Nonlinear effects were observed in a forced vibrating string. The motion of the string becomes elliptic as the amplitude of the vibration increases. The fundamental resonance frequency depends on the amplitude of the vibration. At sufficient high amplitudes the system exhibits hysterisis: the resonance frequency is different when measured increasing the driving frequency or decreasing it. The experimental results are well understood in the framework of a 2-dimensional model assuming that the string tension is not constant due to the varying length of the string throughout the oscillation.

The Brillouin scattering self-cancellation effect arising from the interplay between the photo-elastic and moving-boundary effects is reviewed. Our recent demonstration of this effect for the fundamental Rayleigh acoustic mode in silica nanowires is also discussed.


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Question: The Machine Learning Landscape of Top Taggers

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Based on the established task of identifying boosted, hadronically decaying top quarks, we compare a wide range of modern machine learning approaches. Unlike most established methods they rely on low-level input, for instance calorimeter output. While their network architectures are vastly different, their performance is comparatively similar. In general, we find that these new approaches are extremely powerful and great fun.

Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase


Question: Diary of a parliamentary intern

Parliamentary intern Gabrielle Laing explains how MPs and peers interact with stakeholders through the all-party parliamentary groups.

Whilst this is a work of fiction it is based on real events What to do before, during and after a nuclear strike.


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Question: SU(N) Lie algebra, extended Toda lattice equation and the exact solutions

An integro-differential generalization of the Toda lattice equation is proposed via the zero curvature equation belonging to SU(N) Lie algebra. It is shown that the exact solutions for this equation can be constructed by the method of chiral vectors. Explicit results are given for SU(2) and SU(3). We also demonstrate that these equations are connected to the constrained WZW theory and hence Polyakov’s two-dimensional gravity.

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A new type of finite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian systems containing many restricted soliton flows are considered. Their relations with the generalized classical Gaudin models and the generalized classical Gaudin models with boundary are established. As an application, the relationships among three different restricted mKdV flows are exhibited.


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Question: Process Optimization: A Statistical Approach

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Preliminaries.- An Overview of Empirical Process Optimization.- Elements of Response Surface Methods.- Optimization Of First Order Models.- Experimental Designs For First Order Models.- Analysis and Optimization of Second Order Models.- Experimental Designs for Second Order Models.- Statistical Inference in Process Optimization.- Statistical Inference in First Order RSM Optimization.- Statistical Inference in Second Order RSM Optimization.- Bias Vs. Variance.- Robust Parameter Design and Robust Optimization.- Robust Parameter Design.- Robust Optimization.- Bayesian Approaches in Process Optimization.- to Bayesian Inference.- Bayesian Methods for Process Optimization.- to Optimization of Simulation and Computer Models.- Simulation Optimization.- Kriging and Computer Experiments.- Appendices.- Basics of Linear Regression.- Analysis of Variance.- Matrix Algebra and Optimization Results.- Some Probability Results Used in Bayesian Inference.

Need for Condition Monitoring and Maintenance Management in Industries. Cost Effective Benefits of Condition Monitoring. Condition Monitoring Techniques. Machinery Fault Diagnosis. Vibration Condition Monitoring. Condition Monitoring of Gear Systems. Condition Monitoring of Hydraulic Systems. Condition Monitoring of Pneumatic Systems. Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machinery. Condition Monitoring of Turbomachinery. Wear and Oil Debris Monitoring. Artificial Neural Networks in Condition Monitoring. Infrared Thermography in Condition Monitoring. Expert Systems in Condition Monitoring. Corrosion Monitoring. Environmental Monitoring - Legal Aspects. Cost Effective Benefits of Maintenance. Reliability Centred Maintenance. Total Productive Maintenance. Modern Maintenance Management Techniques.


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Question: Photochromic reactivity induced by electron distribution: active or inactive

AbstractPhotochromic core structure, triangle terthiophene, is configured to the design of 2,3-Bis(2,5-dimethylthiophen)-5-methoxyphenylethynylthiophene (PT) and 2,3-Bis(2,5-dimethylthiophen)-5-(4-...

Abstract The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (bmim-PF 6 ) has been used as solvent for a series of representative photochemical reactions covering energy transfer, hydrogen transfer and electron transfer. Low oxygen solubility, slow molecular diffusion, enhancement of the triplet excited state and radical ion lifetimes and weakening of the CT interactions are the major characteristics featured for this ionic melt.


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Question: Motion Control System and Control Algorithm of 3-Axes Platform Based on Controller Area Network

3-axes motion is broadly used in industry numerical control machine. Many motion controller we use are usually limited by the number of interface it consist. But the kind of motion controller based on CAN (Controller Area Network ) can solve this problem properly. We can add a controller of one axe conveniently. I use a Advantech CAN motion controller to build the motion control system.

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: The meaning of the Instituto Federal Baiano in Local Development of Catu and Teixeira de Freitas

The overall purpose of the study was to identify local actors’ understanding of the meaning of the Instituto Federal Baiano within the cities of Catu and Teixeira de Freitas, location in the state of Bahia. With respect to methodology, the Hexagon Model of Regional Development (Boiser, 1996) was used. In its results, the study discovered that the Instituto Federal Baiano is relevant to local development, serves regional vocation and exercises a role in positive change, though it must communicate in the region and act more in order to reach local cultures.

Horacio Agudero/Gomez helping construct roof of Jean Jackson's house. 1969, Boa River, Papuri River basin, Vaupes, Colombia


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Question: Switching in a structure composed of a photoconducting semiconductor and an oriented liquid-crystal film

An investigation was made of the light-switching action of a structure consisting of a CdS film and an oriented liquid-crystal film, both enclosed between transparent electrodes. The spatial modulation of the conductivity in the photosensitive CdS film, produced by a helium–cadmium laser control beam, altered the voltage across the liquid-crystal film and thus changed its birefringence. Positive and negative images could be obtained, depending on the static field applied to the structure. These images could be read with the aid of a helium–neon laser and polaroids. The method was characterized by a fast response and a high sensitivity to the action of light and electric fields. The resolution of the oriented liquid-crystal film was better than 30 lines/mm. A possible use of reverse-blased p–n junctions was considered.

The present invention relates to a separator, and a rechargeable lithium battery. In one aspect, there is provided a separator, and the separator including a rechargeable lithium battery, the separator comprising: a porous substrate; and an inorganic compound comprising - organic / inorganic binding agent, and a binder polymer coating coating.


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Question: Navigation of a rolling microrobot in cluttered environments for automated crystal harvesting

In this paper, we present a holistic system for automating the motion of a rolling microrobot for protein crystal harvesting. The RodBot, which was introduced in previous work, is able to perform noncontact manipulation of microscopic objects such as fragile crystals by trapping them in an induced vortex fluid flow. Here, we are concerned with navigating the RodBot autonomously in a liquid environment containing obstacles such as crystals. A literature review shows existing approaches to untethered microrobot control are limited and cluttered environments are often not considered. We demonstrate real-time tracking of the RodBot and surrounding obstacles, kinematic obstacle-free path planning, and nonholonomic path following. The system was evaluated in qualitative and quantitative experiments, shows satisfactory performance, and presents itself as a first step towards fully automated crystal harvesting.

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Real-time analysis of living cells requires microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with multiple detection and fluidic capabilities. In this paper we present progress towards a modular architecture for life-on-a-chip microsystems. Capabilities explored for use in MEMS modules include efficient mixing of fluids, genetically engineered reporters, microformat sensor patches, dielectrophoretic capture and cell manipulation, and electroimpedance spectroscopy.


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Question: Teaching of Critical Reading Skills in ESL and EFL Context: A Proposal for Action Researchers

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„How can we teach critical thinking skills to ESL/EFL learners?‟ This paper answers this specific question with a proposed model of critical reading. The paper presents sample materials designed following Wallace‟s (2003) three dimensional model of critical reading with linguistic, conceptual and cultural foci. The paper informs material developers and action researchers on how Wallace‟s three dimensional approach to reading texts may enable readers to develop broader perspectives on various issues, and give critical insight into the texts. The sample material also demonstrates how Wallace‟s three-dimensional approach to reading may help learners become critique of the outer world and allow them decode the texts in the light of their own schematic knowledge.

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Teacher Knowledge of LGBT Issues and Student Bullying of LGBT Classmates in Japan: Report of Incidence and Community Based Programs to Address Identified Problems. (Community) Makiko Kasai; International Journal of Psychology


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Question: Conservation of cast zinc sculptures in outdoor exposure

The damage to and corrosion phenomena of outdoor zinc castings and promising protective coatings were investigated. The sculptures exhibit various surface corrosion products e.g. Zing oxide, carbonates and sulphates in basic chlorides. Also nitrate and phosphate were found in the corrosion crusts. Copper-plated zinc objects show corrosion pittings caused by galvanic local elements. The tearing of soldering joints, the corrosion of inner iron armatures, micro and macro fissures in the zinc sheets and grain coarsening or intercrystalline corrosion of the metal support the destabilisation and corrosive destruction of the figures. Laboratory stress tests of coating formulated for the application on zinc showed acrylics on air abraded or brushed surface and polyurethane resin on air abraded surface as the material with good conservation properties.

ABSTRACTIn the recent past, processes of urbanisation related to gentrification have been observed in some rural areas. This article analyses the role of the rehabilitation of vernacular architectu...


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Question: The Prevention and Treatment of Common Types Rabbit Parasitic Disease

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Parasites have complex life cycles,especially the corresponding rabbit parasitic disease is more diverse.If such diseases are not handled properly that may cause serious damage.This paper provides an overview of most common types rabbit parasitic disease and the prevalence of various diseases,and comes up the measures of prevention and treatment combined with practical experience.

1. Cardiovascular Status 2. Cardiovascular Syndromes 3. Specific Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances 4. Delivery of Cardiac Care


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Question: A Novel Route to Stereoselective Synthesis of (4R,5S)-O-Acetylosmundalactone and (4S,5R)-O-Acetylosmundalactone †

A route has been developed for the enantioselective synthesis of (4R,5S)-O-acetylosmundalactone 1 and (4S,5R)-O-acetylosmundalactone 2 by using Sharpless kinetic resolution of the racemic 1-(2-furyl)ethanol 6 as a key step.

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Three new phenolic compounds 1, 2, and 3 have been isolated from Eucommia ulmoides by repeated column chromatography. Their structures were identified as (+)-erythro-7-O-ethylguaiacylglycerol (1), (–)-erythro-7-O-ethylguaiacylglycerol (2), and 1,3-propanediol-2-O-4′ -(3′ ,5′ -dimethoxy-1′ -hydroxymethyl)phenyl ether (3).


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Question: Computing large-scale distance matrices on GPU

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A distance matrix is simply an n×n two-dimensional array that contains pairwise distances of a set of n points in a metric space. It has a wide range of usage in several fields of scientific research e.g., data clustering, machine learning, pattern recognition, image analysis, information retrieval, signal processing, bioinformatics etc. However, as the size of n increases, the computation of distance matrix becomes very slow or incomputable on traditional general purpose computers. In this paper, we propose an inexpensive and scalable data-parallel solution to this problem by dividing the computational tasks and data on GPUs. We demonstrate the performance of our method on a set of real-world biological networks constructed from a renowned breast cancer study.

A clustering algorithm is described for the decomposition of networks using a distributed array processor. The algorithm is applied to the analysis of medium-sized networks, and the way in which the clusters relate to power-system load-flow analysis is shown. A sparsity oriented development of the method suitable for the analysis of large networks is derived.


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Question: Pragmatism and the Cognitive and Neural Sciences

Two prominent intellectual disciplines dominate the discipline of psychology, the cognitive and neural sciences. Separate departments for both are now commonplace at major universities across America. I suggest, however, that the discipline of psychology asks key questions about experience, mind, or central states not found in other disciplines. Psychology is embodied in both the cognitive and neural sciences, and an important common thread is the Jamesian-Deweyian emphasis on experience. The Jamesian-Deweyian tradition emphasized the sense of experience in problem-solving and functional adaptations. The pragmatists' sense of experience is the way by which one engages the world, is inherently cognitive, and orchestrated by central states of the brain. Any attempt within the neural and cognitive sciences to capture human experience will need to resurrect this tradition.

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Introduction: The Play of Musement, and the Musement of Play The Dynamics of Play The Pragmatics of Play The Futuristics of Play Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: An Algorithm for Design of a Multiple Ring Network Using ROADM in WDM Mesh Networks

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This paper proposes an algorithm for design of a multiple ring network that can be applied to an arbitrary topology in the WDM optical transport networks. Especially, we suggest an integer linear program(ILP) formulation with the objective of minimizing the total cost of nodes based on the reconfigurable OADM(ROADM) architecture and propose a heuristic algorithm to reduce computational complexity of the exact problem formulation. To evaluate the performance and validity of this scheme, we applied it to an NSFnet topology assuming the dynamic or static traffic condition and compared it with a mesh methodology about capacity of connection requests and the total cost of the nodes.

Abstract : Contents: Routing and Acknowledgement Schemes for the Packet Radio System; System Capacity and Data Rate Considerations; Radio frequency Channel Capacity Considerations; Measurement Program for Packet Radio Channel Characterization; Dynamically Allocated Multiple-Channel Network Concept; Notes on Radar Test; Modulation Waveform Types; Synchronization Preambles; Impact of Channet Options on Repeater Design; Power Budget Analysis; Powers Sources for Repeaters and Terminals; Criteria of Code Selection in Minimum Shift Keyer Sense; and Microprocessor Components.


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Question: Distal Radio-Ulnar Ligament Motion During Supination and Pronation

The dorsal and palmar distal radio-ulnar ligaments (DRUL) play an important role in the stability of the distal radio-ulnar joint (DRUJ). Various authorities, however, hold opposite opinions regarding DRUL motion during DRUJ pronation and supination, thus implying opposite techniques for reconstruction of the unstable DRUJ. With the hypothesis that relative displacement would increase in the dorsal DRUL during pronation and would increase in the palmar DRUL during supination, measurements were made of the relative DRUL displacement with a Hall-effect displacement transducer during DRUJ pronation and supination in six fresh cadaver wrists. The hypothesis was confirmed that the dorsal radio-ulnar ligament undergoes relative displacement during pronation, while the palmar radio-ulnar ligament undergoes relative displacement during supination.

Abstract : Contents: Historical Perspective; Treatment Goals; Anatomic Illustrations; Early Care; Triage and Patient Evaluation; Hypovolemic Shock Presurgical Considerations; Surgical Management; Care at Intermediate Facilities, Late Care (Reconstruction-Rehabilitation); Bone Graft Reconstruction; Preprosthetic Surgery; Case Reports; and Research in Acquired Craniofacial Disfigurement.


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Question: Flammability Characteristics of Treated Coals

In this paper the effects of two processes used to treat coal on the flammability characteristics of the coal are presented. Experiments were conducted on an Entrained Dust Flow Facility which supports a stationary premixed coal dust and air flame. The facility is designed to provide access for thermocouple so that detailed axial and radial temperature profiles of the coal flames can be used to investigate the flame structure. Flame speeds of the coal and air mixtures were determined based on the inlet velocity of the flow and the temperature maps. Flame speed increases of over 35 percent were observed as a direct result of an aggregate flotation process which reduced the ash content and the average size of the coal and increased the volatile content and heating value. Partially devolatilized chars were burned to simulate the use of a low-volatile solid by-product of a gasification process.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Biological and Ecological Characteristics and Morphological Variation in Ardisia crenata

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The biological and ecological characters of Ardisia crenata, such as its phenology, development progress, organ differentiation and formation, suitable growth conditions, etc. are surveyed. Meanwhile, the morphological changes of leaf, fruit and seed were observed, and its classification was conducted based on the above morphological characters.

Nutritional Ecology of Forb Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Insect Folivores of Woody Plants: Nitrogen, Water, Fiber and Mineral Considerations Nutritional Ecology of Grass Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Phytophagous Mites Nutritional Ecology of Lichen/Moss Arthropods Nutritional Ecology of Arthropod Gall-Makers Nutritional Ecology of Bruchid Beetles Nutritional Ecology of Seed-Sucking Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product and House Dust Mites Ecology of Nectar and Pollen Feeding in Lepidoptera.


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Question: [Distribution of chiasmas in the 2d and 6th chromosomes involved in Robertsonian translocations in male mice].

The distribution of chiasmata in 2 and 6 chromosomes in males homozygous for Rb(2.6)4Iem and Rb(8.17)1Iem was studied. Chiasmata were shown to distribute along chromosomes non-randomly, exchanges occurring in telomeric regions. Chiasmata distribution is substantially different for the cases of one and two chiasmata per bivalent. The main cause for these differences is supposed to be strong positive chiasmata interference (the position of the first chiasma may determine the position of the second one). The centromere blocks this effect, so chiasma in one arm does not interfere with that in the second arm. It has been shown that the frequency of double exchanges depended on not only the distance between markers under study, but also on marker position in the chromosome.

G- and C-banding delimits two cytogenetic groups within the vlei rat, Otomys irroratus. One has a diploid number of 2n = 24, resulting from a centric fusion of chromosomes 7 and 12 of the O. irroratus standard coupled with a tandem fusion to chromosome 8. The second has a diploid number of 2n = 28, lacks the compound chromosome, and appears to have a far wider geographic distribution within South Africa. Additionally, the two groups differ through the presence of cytotype-specific heterozygous centric fusions and one to three B chromosomes which appear as floating polymorphisms in the 2n = 28 complex.


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Question: [Anticonidiogenic effect of hydroxyurea on Neurospora crassa].

Conidiation induced in a low sugar-ammonium medium (or by other means such as full starvation or heat shock) is almost fully prevented by hydroxyurea. In a parallel manner the DNA/RNA and DNA/protein ratios are prevented from increasing.

Twenty-two new compounds of the type (C_6H_5)_3SnX and seventeen new compounds of he ype (p-FC_6H_4)_3SnX were prepared, using the methods mentioned in the previous paper, and heir fungicidal properties were tested on Verticillum, albo-atrum, Fusarium oxysporum f. asinnfectum, Colletotrichum gossypii C. indicum and Xanthomonas malvacearum with triphenyltin cetate asreference compound.


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For example, '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Clinical effect of posterior approach in treatment of scapular fractures']' should have a representation like '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title!', 'Objective To study the clinical effect of posterior approach in treatment of patients with scapular fractures.Methods Seventeen cases of scapular fractures were treated in this hospital during December 2007 to December 2009.According to the fracture classification of Miller,there were type ⅠA in 1 case,type ⅡA in 2,type ⅡB in 1,type Ⅲ in 10 and type IV in 3.On the basis of this fracture classification,posterior approach was performed with reconstruction plates or lag screws.Results All these cases were followed up for an average of 18(ranging from 12 to 30) months.According to the classification criteria of Hardegger,excellent result had been obtained in 13 cases,fine in 2 and fair in 2,and the excellent and fine rate was 88.24%.Conclusion The application of reconstruction plates or lag screws by posterior approach has an exact effect in treatment of scapular fractures,and it can contribute to anatomic reduction of scapular fractures,fixation and early rehabilitation,and it may provide satisfactory outcomes.']' but very far from '['Represent this', 'Purpose ::: No study in literature clearly gives advantage of one method of surgical fixation of fracture over the other in metacarpal and phalangeal bones of hand comparing wider outcome measures.']'.

Question: Analysis of the long non-coding RNA LINC01614 in non-small cell lung cancer

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AbstractThe aim of this study was toexplore the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression pattern of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on a genome-wide scale and investigate their potential biological function in NSCLC.LncRNAs were investigated in 6 pairs of NSCLC and matched adjacent non-tumor lung

Background ::: Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression and therapy, and recent studies have indicated that Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) is strongly associated with CSCs. This study investigates the regulatory effects of FOXC1 on CSC-like properties in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).


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Question: Study on the scale inhibitors in high mineralized mine water

Using static scale deposition test determined five different single inhibitors effect on calcium carbonate.The inhibiting efficiency of PESA was 75.3% with mass concentration of 15mg/ L.The inhibiting efficiency of PBTCA containing phosphorus was 76.1% with mass concentration of 20 mg/ L.Orthogonal and parallel experiments were taken to obtain reasonable price and non-toxic scale inhibitor.The inhibition efficiency reached 94.2% for the mass concentration proportion of PESA and PBTCA with 10:15.The inhibition efficiency reached 96.5% for the composite inhibitors with 8mg /L PESA,12mg/L PBTCA and 8mg/L TS-623.The price is low and is eco-friendly to environment.It taked static state experiment and dynamic testing in moderate scale.Results indicated the composite inhibitors can apply to circulate cooling water.

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By selecting the suitable granula active carbon by deducing the constants of adsorption equilibrium of Xiang River CODMn and UV254 in the period of low temperature and low turbidity thorough laboratory experiment, the authors discuss some questions about the optimal adding time and quantity of powered active carbon in the water treatment of Xiang River in the same period of low temperature and low turbidity.


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Question: A Study on Parenting Beliefs, Parental Satisfaction, and Child Rearing Stress

The relationships of parenting beliefs, parental satisfaction, and child rearing stress were examined in a sample 400 parents who have 3-7 aged children. Parents completed three kinds of questionnaires such as parenting beliefs scale, parental satisfaction scale, and child rearing stress scale. Data analysis was by mean, percentile, t-test, oneway-ANOVA, pearson correlation, and multiple regression. The major findings of this study were as follow; First there was a significant difference between parenting beliefs and child rearing stress. Second, there was a significant difference between parental satisfaction and child rearing stress. Third, conflict of parental role in parental satisfaction and problem solving in parent beliefs was the most predicting variables in child rearing stress.

Empathy in Human Relationships.- Definitions and Conceptualization.- Human Connection in Health and Illness.- An Evolutionary Perspective, Psycho-Socio-Physiology, Neuroanatomy, and Heritability.- Psychodynamics and Development.- Measurement of Empathy in the General Population.- Empathy in Patient Care.- A Definition and Key Features of Empathy in Patient Care.- The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy.- The Interpersonal Dynamics in Clinician-Patient Relationships.- Empathy as Related to Sex, Personal Qualities, Clinical Competence, and Career Choice.- Patient Outcomes.- Enhancement of Empathy.- Parting Thoughts: A Paradigm of Empathy and Future Directions.


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Question: [Adverse effects of oxcarbazepine].

Oxcarbazepine is a new antiepileptic drug. The results of clinical trials suggest that oxcarbazepine is well tolerated and has less drug interactions. It is being used more and more widely in clinical practice, but its adverse effects should not be ignored. The most common adverse effects of oxcarbazepine are usually related to the central nervous system and digestive system, including fatigue, drowsiness, diplopia, dizziness, nausea and vomit. The common skin adverse reaction is rash. Long-term use of oxcarbazepine may also cause hyponatremia. This article reviews the literature from China and overseas about the adverse effets of oxcarbazepine over the last 10 years in order to find information about rational clinical use of oxcarbazepine.

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Abstract 1. 1. After drug discontinuation and 1 week placebo washout, 12 patients with panic disorders received, for 6 weeks, either placebo or sodium divalproex. During 6 consecutive weeks, alternate medication was given. 2. 2. Severity of panic and anxiety attacks was improved only in patients receiving sodium divalproex as a first medication. 3. 3. Protracted benzodiazepine effects may occur in the dichotomous antipanic activity of sodium divalproex.


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Question: ANEEME: interactive mesh cutting using 3D snakes for automatic skeletal rigging of scanned character models

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ANEEME is a system for automatic skeletal rigging of 3D scanned humanoid objects such as toys, figurines, sculptures and even humans. Unlike other automatic skeletal rigging techniques, ANEEME does not require humanoid objects to be in a specific pose, (e.g. T-Pose) before scanning and rigging. If 3D models have limbs touching other parts of the body, the system provides an interactive cutout tool to separate and re-mesh the conjoined regions based on a few user-supplied points. After separating the overlapping body parts and filling the holes generated, ANEEME implements a hierarchical mesh segmentation to infer skeletal joints and perform a smooth skinning technique. Within minutes, the input can be easily incorporated and used to setup skeletal-based animations in most animation software applications.

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The design of products containing sculptured surfaces typically begins with the crafting of a clay or wood model. The physical model must be reverse engineered to create a CAD representation. Three dimensional computer vision systems are currently being employed to digitize models in the first step of reverse engineering. In this paper, a three dimensional vision system that permits multiple viewpoint digitization is described. Furthermore, a new approach to modeling the data sets generated employing wrap-around B-spline surface patches is presented. The laser digitization and software modeling of bicycle seat and telephone handset models are presented.


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Question: Effect of different sludge reduction methods on sludge reduction rates, performance of activated sludge process and urban planning

AbstractEffect of biological methods (aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion, and predation by Tubifex tubifex), physical methods (addition of uncoupling agent), and chemical methods (addition of ozone, chlorine) on the efficiency of sludge reduction was compared, so was the effect of different sludge reduction methods on the performance of activated sludge process with respect to the content and nature of organic matters. It was concluded that the best sludge reduction technology was using uncoupling agent with sludge reduction efficiency at 60%, followed by ozone, chlorine, micro-biological, aerobic biological, and anaerobic biological, which was the worst with efficiency at 36%. All of the molecular weight (MW) distribution of supernatant in activated sludge processes was changed to some extent under different sludge reduction methods. The change of the MW distribution would play a certain impact on the biodegradable ability of the organics, thus affecting the efficiency of sludge reduction rate. Final...

Four laboratory-scale reactors were used to study the effects of mixing intensity and mixing duration on the anaerobic treatment of potato-processing wastewater at 20 °C. The mixing intensities were set at impeller speeds of 0, 20, 50, and 100 rpm. Two mixing durations were studied: 45 and 15 min/h. It was found that both mixing intensities and mixing durations studied and their joint effect significantly affected the steady-state performance of the anaerobic reactors in treating the potato-processing wastewater with respect to organics and solids removals and methane production. Key words: mixing effects, anaerobic treatment, potato-processing wastewater, organics and solids removal, methane production.


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Question: Distributed Fiber Optics Sensing and Coda Wave Interferometry Techniques for Damage Monitoring in Concrete Structures

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The assessment of Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) and Distributed Fiber Optics Sensing (DFOS) techniques for the detection of damages in a laboratory size reinforced concrete beam is presented in this paper. The sensitivity of these two novel techniques to micro cracks is discussed and compared to standard traditional sensors. Moreover, the capacity of a DFOS technique to localize cracks and quantify crack openings is also assessed. The results show that the implementation of CWI and DFOS techniques allow the detection of early subtle changes in reinforced concrete structures until crack formation. With their ability to quantify the crack opening, following early detection and localization, DFOS techniques can achieve more effective monitoring of reinforced concrete structures. Contrary to discrete sensors, CWI and DFOS techniques cover larger areas and thus provide more efficient infrastructures asset management and maintenance operations throughout the lifetime of the structure.

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Need for Condition Monitoring and Maintenance Management in Industries. Cost Effective Benefits of Condition Monitoring. Condition Monitoring Techniques. Machinery Fault Diagnosis. Vibration Condition Monitoring. Condition Monitoring of Gear Systems. Condition Monitoring of Hydraulic Systems. Condition Monitoring of Pneumatic Systems. Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machinery. Condition Monitoring of Turbomachinery. Wear and Oil Debris Monitoring. Artificial Neural Networks in Condition Monitoring. Infrared Thermography in Condition Monitoring. Expert Systems in Condition Monitoring. Corrosion Monitoring. Environmental Monitoring - Legal Aspects. Cost Effective Benefits of Maintenance. Reliability Centred Maintenance. Total Productive Maintenance. Modern Maintenance Management Techniques.


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E.g. "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Swarm composed through bounded interactions of characteristic individuals']" == "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'We investigate the position-consensus problem of a swarm composed through bounded interactions between characteristic individuals within their attractive regions.The characteristic individuals are defined as the individuals having decisive effects on the motions of other individuals in the attractive and repulsive regions;the interactions among which are rationally assumed to be bounded as for other physical agents.Next,we consider the swarming behavior of a newly added individual under the interactions from neighboring characteristic individuals.The bounded repulsions from characteristic individuals can avoid the position-coincidence and the motion-collision for the added individual,ensuring its independence as in other real multi-agent system.Simulation results show that the stable and convergent swarming behavior is achieved as long as there is a mutual observable chain between any two individuals in the initial swarm distribution.']" != "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A variety of charts can be drawn each of which furnishes complete first order information on systems constructed from two or three thin lenses.']"

Question: The Carbon Agenda of Green Logistics

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Our government promises that,till 2020 the emissions of national unit GDP carbon dioxide will descend 40%-45% comparing with that in 2005.Practically and Theoretically,China's low-carbon logistics industry is still in the primary stage.And there are no more successful cases and experience.To better promote the development of low-carbon logistics,the author puts forward that,we should,first,pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction;second,we should consider carefully on how to realize low-carbon logistics in terms of enterprises plan and operation and construct the basic frame on how to realize low-carbon logistics in terms of transportation strength,transportation pattern,the usage of cars,energy efficiency and so on;and third,we should realize saving energy and reducing emission of pollutants with the help of such technological forces as new technology,new energy and new material.

It Isn't Luck The Playing Field: What Business Are You In? Strategies: How Do We Play? The Winning Team Leadership: Dr House, Frank Rijkaard and Pep Guardiola Human Resources: Good Criteria and Hygiene Reasons and Emotions on the Negotiating Table Innovation: Science and Art Back To The Future


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Question: Diagnostic guidelines for IgG4-related disease with a focus on histopathological criteria

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Abstract IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an under recognized, protean, multiorgan fibro-inflammatory condition of unknown aetiology that is defined by its unique histopathological features, that are fairly similar regardless of the affected organ. Patients with IgG4-RD also share certain clinical features: a tendency for formation of mass lesion(s), frequent elevations in their serum IgG4 concentration, as well as an excellent response to glucocorticoid treatment. The 3 key histologic features of IgG4-RD are: 1) dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, 2) fibrosis, arranged at least focally in a storiform pattern, and 3) obliterative phlebitis. The diagnosis of IgG4-RD requires both these characteristic histologic features as well as elevated numbers of IgG4 positive plasma cells. Neither elevations in serum IgG4 concentrations nor increased tissue IgG4-plasma cells are in themselves sufficient for the diagnosis, and histopathology remains the key to the accurate diagnosis of IgG4-RD.

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Objective: To present a case of specialized ovarian teratoma and a review of the published literature on the epidemiology and the diagnostic characteristics of this tumor, emphasizing the histopathological diagnosis.


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Question: Influence of Succession on Enterprise Development

Although innovation has become a fashionable and inevitable historical trend,it is crucial for enterprises to do well in succession.Succession is expatiated on in the paper with respect to the thought base of succession,the positive and negative sides of succession and the relationship between succession and innovation.Discussions are made on the mood,attitude and capability of the enterprise managers so as to do well in succession.Analysis is made on the necessity and contents of the succession from various aspects.The paper can provide reference for enterprise managers to deal with the relationship between innovation and succession.

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Mining Non-ferrous Metals The Environmental Impact of Gold Mining in the Brazilian Amazon Revegetation of Metalliferous Wastes and Land After Metal Mining Vegetative Remediation at Superfund Sites Green Coal Mining Methane Emissions from Coal Mining Constructing Ecosystems and Detecting their Connectivity to the Larger Ecological Landscape The Discharge of Waters from Active and Abandoned Mines Environmental Best-practice in Metals Production. Subject Index.


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Question: Bigravity : A bimetric model of the Universe. Positive and negative gravitational lensings

After a short summary of our bimetric model of the Universe, an exact nonlinear solution is built, which demonstrates the existence of solutions for our two coupled field equations system. In addition to the classical positive gravitational lensing, this solution is shown to also lead to negative gravitational lensing, a phenomenon previously described in 1995 (Astrophysics and Space Science). Such negative lensing provides an alternative interpretation for the observed faint magnitudes of high redshift galaxies, so far considered as dwarf galaxies.

Abstract It is shown that the interaction of the gravitational field with matter leads to a strong modification of the effective gravitational constant in the early universe. In certain cases this leads even to the change of sign of the gravitational constant, i.e. to antigravity in the early universe.


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Question: Adaptive approach for texture segmentation by multichannel wavelet frames

We introduce an adaptive approach for texture feature extraction based on multi-channel wavelet frames and 2D envelope detection. Representations obtained from both standard wavelets and wavelet packets are evaluated for reliable texture segmentation. Algorithms for envelope detection based on edge detection and the Hilbert transform are presented. Analytic filters are selected for each technique based on performance evaluation. A K-means clustering algorithm was used to test the performance of each representation feature set. Experimental results for both natural textures and synthetic textures are shown.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

This research aims to work on the specific medical domain. In this work, retrieval of the head–neck medical images from a database is discussed. Content-based medical image retrieval system (CBMIR) is used for retrieving the head–neck images. CBMIR is automatic and more efficient compared with the text-based approach. Shape and texture features are used for constructing feature vector. Texture feature is extracted using a modified Gabor filter based on power-law transformation method. Shape feature is extracted using rank BHMT (rank-order blur hit or miss transformation) method. Shape and texture features are combined to form a single feature vector. Threshold value very near to zero is used to retrieve images from the database. The proposed method is compared with log-Gabor filters and rank BHMT method. Combinations of modified Gabor filter with rank BHMT gave better performance than other methods.


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Question: Inhibition of proliferative activity by cyclic dipeptides: spirocyclic derivatives of 1-aminocyclopentane-carboxylic acid.

The antiproliferative activity of spirocyclic cyclodipeptides containing 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (Acp) was investigated and compared with Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (MIF), cyclo(Gly-Leu) and cyclo (Sar-Sar), a compound with denaturing activity, employing the chick embryonic caudal morphogenetic system. Out of the compounds tested, MIF and cyclo(Acp-Ala) appear to exhibit the least inhibitory activity on growth.

Reaction of N-tosyl- or N-acyl aziridine-(2S)-carboxylate esters with carbonyl stabilized Wittig reagents provides an isolable phosphorus ylide resulting from opening of the aziridine ring; this ylide reacts with carbonyl compounds to provide a novel synthesis of optically pure unsaturated amino acids, exemplified by enantioefficient syntheses of the naturally occuring (2S)-γ-methyleneglutamic acid and (E)-(2S)-4-ethylideneglutamic acid.


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Question: Photo-electrochemical characteristics of a cobalt–air cell using an anode active material–semiconductor (Co–GaP) hybrid electrode

Abstract An anode active material–semiconductor hybrid electrode was prepared by combining electroplated Co and a GaP single crystal. This hybrid electrode acts not only as an active material for a cobalt–air cell but also as a photo-electrode for storing light energy. We studied the photo-electrochemical properties of the hybrid electrode, and confirmed that the electrode’s oxidized Co layer was reduced by the electrons generated when the GaP side was illuminated. We assembled a GaP–Co|KOH|O 2 cell with only two electrodes: the above hybrid electrode and an air electrode (oxygen catalyst). The photo-electrochemical characteristics of the Co–GaP hybrid electrode and cobalt–air cell showed that this cell can be charged by illuminating it and discharged by using the oxygen in the air.

We demonstrate the microstructure and room-temperature H2 sensing properties of undoped, Pt-doped, and Pd-doped SnO2 nanowires (SNWs). SNWs with a tetragonal structure were synthesized by thermal e...


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Question: Supercritical Fluid Extraction of a Novel Template from Mesoporous Zirconia and the Effect on Porous Structure

Abstract Mesoporous zirconia was synthesized by a new and simple method. Zirconium n -propoxide was used as the zirconium source. A small, inexpensive nonsurfactant, triethanolamine, was used as the template. The template was removed by thermal treatment in air and supercritical fluid extraction using CO 2 . The structure of the resulting materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and N 2 adsorption-desorption analyses. The materials are found to have narrowly distributed average pore diameters and wormhole-like pore channels. However, higher surface area and larger pore volume are exhibited after supercritical fluid extraction with CO 2 . The removal of the template by thermal treatment also leads to condensation and mild shrinkage of the zirconia framework.

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For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'In this paper, a finite-time robust controller is designed based on the terminal sliding mode for a two-axis gimbal ISP system. It is shown that the controller designed in this paper can not only ensure the system output tracking error converge to zero in a finite time, but also provide a strong disturbance rejection performance. In addition, the gain of the finite-time robust controller can be significantly reduced with respect to the ones of linear sliding mode control schemes as well as PID control methods. Simulation results will also be provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed controller.']>>  to <<['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Finite-time Robust Control for Inertially Stabilized Platform Based on Terminal Sliding Mode']>>

1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: Investigation of Three Design Modifications of the NACA Injection Impeller in an R-3350 Engine

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An investigation was conducted to determine the effects of three design modifications of the original NACA injection impeller on the performance of an R-3350 engine. Different methods of injecting the fuel into the impeller air stream were studied and evaluated from the individual cylinder fuel-air ratios and the resulting cylinder temperatures. Each impeller was tested for a range of engine powers normally used in flight operation. The relatively simple design of the original injection impeller produced approximately the same mixture- and temperature-distribution characteristics as the modified impellers of more complex design. None of the modifications appreciably affected the manifold pressure, the combustion-air flow, nor the throttle angle required to maintain a given engine power,.

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Experimental Studies Were Carried Out With Ejectors Having 2D And Multi Jet Nozzles To Determine If They Could Be Adopted To Drive A Low Speed Tunnel .A Model Tunnel Was Constructed And Results Obtained From Different Ejector Configurations Have Been Compared. ::: ::: The Study Suggests That An Annular Ejector Is Promising As A Candidate Configuration For Further Work Leading To An Application As A Wind Tunnel Drive.


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Question: On the relationships between the Madden-Julian oscillation and precipitation variability in Southern Iran and the Arabian Peninsula: atmospheric circulation analysis.

Abstract The influence of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on daily, monthly, and seasonal precipitation was investigated for southern Iran and the Arabian Peninsula using November–April data for the period of 1979–2005. The positive MJO phase is considered to be the periods for which the enhanced convection center was placed over the south Indonesian–north Australian region. On the other hand, the convection center shifts over the western Indian Ocean tropics and most of the study area as the negative MJO phase prevails. Seasonal precipitation and the frequency of wet events were significantly increased during the negative phase. The ratios of the precipitation amount during the negative phase to the corresponding values during the positive phase were about 1.75–2.75 and 2.75–4.00 for the southwestern and southeastern parts of Iran, respectively. This ratio reached to about 3.00 for Riyadh, 4.20 and 5.50 for Masqat and Doha, 2.10 for Kuwait, and 1.20 for Bahrain. The results of the seasonal and monthl...

The difference is examined in atmospheric circulation and Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs) in the trop-ics and subtropics between weak and strong convection over the tropical western Pacific warm pool (signified as WPWP). The WPWP is chosen as the region (110–160°E, 10–20°N), where the Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) shows a great year-to-year variance. A composite study was carried out to examine the differences in atmospheric circulation and SSTs between weak and strong convection over WPWP. First, NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data and satellite-observed OLR data are used to examine the differences. ERA data, in which the OLR data are calculated, are then used for re-examination.


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Question: Solving a set of global optimization problems by the parallel technique with uniform convergence

In this paper, we consider solving a set of global optimization problems in parallel. The proposed novel algorithm provides uniform convergence to the set of solutions for all problems treated simultaneously. The current accuracy for each particular solution is estimated by the difference in each coordinate from the point of global decision. The main statement is given in the corresponding theorem. For the sake of illustration some computational results with hundreds of multidimensional global problems are provided.

Genetic algorithms (GA) have been widely used in many optimization and system identification problems. Nevertheless, largely because of the stochastic nature, the approach of using GA has been found to be not efficient in fine-tuning in terms of convergence to the optimal solution from its neighborhood. In this study, the GA approach as a global search tool is combined with a local search (LS) method which is developed on the basis of the classical univariate method, so as to expedite the search process by perturbations near the optimal solution. This LS method, herein named the modified univariate method, does not search all the unknown variables of the problem but only a few selected ones. Furthermore, the initial step size of LS is adjusted according to the average efficiency of each LS operator. For comparison, the Solis-and-Wets LS method is also considered. A numerical example of 10-DOF structure is presented to compare the accuracy and efficiency of the various methods considered.


Question: represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract. The query could be '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'The emergence of new political parties from a game theoretic perspective']' and should be close to '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The literature on new political parties is vast but often neglects strategic aspects that are important in the formation period. In this article I develop a simple incomplete information game consisting of the interactions between an established party and a potential new party. The game shows that higher ‘costs’ for forming a party decrease the likelihood of new actors appearing on the electoral scene. Apart from this intuitive result the paper also shows that important demands from potential new parties are less likely to be taken seriously by the established party than more modest demands. Consequently, established parties often change their policies only marginally and are likely to refuse important modifications to their platform.']' but very far from '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Several points based on my own experience over the last two years are submitted here with regard to two subjects: the scientific approach in geography and a note on the spatial dimension of politics and power.']'

Question: Preparation and Characterization of Porous Scaffolds Consisted of Hydroxyapatite, Polysaccharides and Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Porous scaffolds, consisted of hydroxyapatite (HAp), chondroitinsulfate (ChS) and collagen, were prepared by freeze-drying technique. HAp/ChS composite particles were incorporated into a collagen matrix. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations showed that the porous scaffolds involved interconnected pores whose size was 80~200 µm in diameter. The HAp/ChS particles were homogeneously distributed in the collagen matrix. Surface area of the scaffolds was increased by the incorporation of the particles. Compression tests in phosphate buffer saline indicated that the porous scaffolds had elastic property and had larger compressive modulus than the pure collagen scaffold. The porous scaffolds obtained in this study could be useful for a cartilage tissue engineering.

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Part I. Harnessing Instabilities in Soft Material Films and Interfaces Part II. Biomineralization and Bioinspired Inorganic and Inorganic/Organic Materials Part III. Multiscale Mechanics of Hierarchical Biological, Bioinspired, and Biomedical Materials Part IV. Materials and Sensors for Biomedical Applications.


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Question: Design of Virtual Signal Generator Based on LabVIEW9.0

It introduces briefly the concept and characteristics of virtual instrument technology and LabVIEW,focuses on the design of virtual signal generator system using virtual instrument technology and LabVIEW9.0 combining the functions of common signal generator.The system can output common function waveform such as sine wave,triangle wave,square ware and saw tooth wave,it also can output formula wave using formula option and output noise waveform.The virtual signal generator has a friendly interface.It can perform to complete the appropriate signal processing requirements and output waveform by operating the buttons on the front panel.This system has easy operation,can be widely applied in teaching and research fields.

The sections in this article are ::: ::: ::: 1 ::: Background on CMAC Neural Networks ::: ::: 2 ::: Background on Nonlinear Dynamical Systems ::: ::: 3 ::: Passivity-Based Design ::: ::: 4 ::: Evaluation