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Question: Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Obesity is associated with a high prevalence of pelvic floor disorders. Patients with obesity present with a range of urinary, bowel and sexual dysfunction problems as well as uterovaginal prolapse. Urinary incontinence, faecal incontinence and sexual dysfunction are more prevalent in patients with obesity. Uterovaginal prolapse is also more common than in the non-obese population. Weight loss by surgical and non-surgical methods plays a major role in the improvement of these symptoms in such patients. The treatment of symptoms leads to an improvement in their quality of life. However, surgical treatment of these symptoms may be accompanied by an increased risk of complications in obese patients. A better understanding of the mechanism of obesity-associated pelvic floor dysfunction is essential.

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1. Introduction 2. Pulmonology 3. Cardiology 4. Cardiopulmonary Pathology 5. Pharmacology 6. Cardiopulmonary Assessment 7. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Interventions 8. Pediatrics 9. Laboratory Medicine Appendix 1 Glossary Index


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Angiokeratoma Corporis Diffusum

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The entity first described by Fabry in 1898 under the name "purpura haemorrhagica nodularis" 1 was later given the name "angiokeratoma corporis diffusum" by him. 2 The onset of the distinctive cutaneous lesions has always been noted prior to puberty. Ruiter 3 and Ruiter, Pompen, and Wijers * have drawn attention to the systemic as well as the familial occurrence of the disease. Thorough study of cases by them emphasized not only the cutaneous anomaly but also visceral changes. Evidence for systemic involvement has been summarized under the title "cardiovascular-renal symptom complex." Signs and symptoms of involvement of the internal organs have been summarized by Ruiter 3 as follows: (1) vasomotor disturbances, pains and spasms in the hands, feet, and upper legs, increasing at higher temperatures and abating under the influence of cooling; (2) edema of many years standing, chiefly located in the feet and the lower parts

The major causative microorganism of lobar pneumonia. Pneumonia Streptococcus ::: Morphology ::: Pneumococc…


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Question: Evidences of former glaciation in the Southern-hemisphere (Australia, New Zealand, and Tasmania)subsequent to the deposition of rocks ofMiocene Age

In New Zealand there ::: are, as is well known, ice marks dating from the present day ::: to some period when the glaciers were at their greatest extent, ::: and for many years New Zealand geologists have been accustomed ::: to call this latter time the glacier epoch of New Zealand, ::: in order to distinguish it from a glacial epoch, which term ::: implies a considerable reduction of temperature." The ::: term glacier he considers does not imply any hypothesis as to ::: the cause. He affirms also that all New Zealand geologists ::: are of opinion that the glacier epoch there was long anterior ::: to the glacial epoch of Europe and North America

Summary ::: ::: ::: ::: In summarizing the foregoing pages, the following points may be noted as of particular interest: ::: ::: ::: ::: 1. All the species comprised in this small collection are terrestrial forms, and they appear to be identical with the recent gastropods of the province. ::: ::: ::: ::: 2. These forms, except Cyclophorus youngi, a new species here described, are all represented in living state, and were originally described either from the same province or from its neighbouring districts. ::: ::: ::: ::: 3. Some of the species are rather widely distributed in east, central and south China. ::: ::: ::: ::: 4. The geological age of these gastropods, judging from its close resemblance to the recent forms, seems not to be earlier than the Middle Quaternary or the Pleistocene Epoch, or it may even belong to the base of the Upper Quaternary. Any further suggestion in regard to this question can only be made by examining additional collections around the locality where this collection was made.


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Question: Synthesis of controller for railway – level crossing devices using Petri netsand state machine

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Synthesis of controller for railway – level crossing devices using Petri nets ::: and state machine

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Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is an important component of any Advanced Driver Assistant System (ADAS) present in highly Autonomous Vehicle. In this paper, we have modeled and simulated a complex platooning system of such vehicles based on vehicular IoT, Cloudlets, and their ACC algorithm for determining the optimal Petri net that can be used for such modeling purposes. The architectures were modeled with timed stochastic Petri net as well as priority based Petri net for performing a comparative study. As our result, we could establish priority based Petri net as a better suited modeling tool for complex IoT system over timed stochastic Petri net.


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Question: About of possibilty of using hybrid method DFT B3LYP for calculation of molecular structures of macropolyazacyclic complexes of 3d-elements

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Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) и Cu(II), для которых имеются литературные данные.By using DFT B3LYP method with 6-31G(d) basic set and Gaussian09 program, a calculation of geometric parameters of molecular structure of M(II) complexes with macrocyclic ligand phthalocyanine has been carried out (M = 3d-element ion). The bond lengths and angles between various atoms in each of above-mentioned complexes have been presented. Results of calculation have been compared with the most modern available in the literature structural data for the compound indicated. The good consent between the calculated and literary data testifying to capacity of the given method for calculation of structural parameters of macrocyclic metalchelates, has been noted for Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes for which there is literature data.

In this paper according to the molecular obital theory the study on structure and energy of transition state of S N2 methanisms in the prosthesis reaction of coordination compound is studied and obital theory of transition state of S N2 methanisms is proposed.


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Question: Leaching of chalcopyrite and sphalerite using bacteria enriched from a spent chalcocite heap

Abstract Native bioleaching microbes were recovered from a spent chalcocite/chalcopyrite/pyrite heap located at Nifty Copper Mine in Western Australia. As part of the study, methods were developed to enrich and isolate iron and/or sulphur oxidising microbes that thrive in low pH environments. Phenotypic characterisation of native isolates revealed diverse substrate utilisation (chalcopyrite, pyrite, ferrous ion, reduced sulphur as tetrathionate and glucose) as well as displaying growth temperatures between 30 and 50 °C. Their tolerance to changes in pH, temperature, salinity and the presence of metals was also examined. The potential for single isolates to assist the leaching of chalcopyrite and sphalerite concentrates was evaluated. Copper and zinc recoveries from the respective concentrates were greater when native isolates were employed, compared with the use of laboratory reference strains or abiotic conditions.

Possibility was examined of using spent solutions of sulfur dioxide gas sorbents, together with sodium sulfite and pyrosulfite, for conversion of iron hydrate wastes produced by copper-nickel industries to red iron oxide pigment.


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Question: New fluorescence methodology for detecting DNA adducts. Final progress report, May 1, 1991--November 30, 1994

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A new reagent, {open_quotes}BO-IMI{close_quotes}, has been developed that achieves, for the first time, single step, phosphate specific fluorescence labeling under aqueous conditions. Both 3{prime} and 5{prime} mononucleotides, including representative DNA adducts can be labeled. Included in this technique is a convenient procedure for postlabeling sample cleanup, leading to a practical detection of the products by capillary electrophoresis with laser fluorescence detection (CE-LIF). We consider that this new method will have a significant impact on the measurement of DNA adducts in human samples. This work was largely accomplished in the second half of our project. In the first half, we set up a new way to isolate DNA nucleotides from blood, worked with an initial, less specific technique for labeling DNA adducts, compared ionizing radiation vs oxidative damage to fluorescein labeled deoxyadenylic acid, and set up a capillary electrophoresis laser fluorescence detection system.

Activities of the Explosives Group of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory for the months of September, October, and November 1958 are presented.


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Question: Unit Completion Ratio: Assessing Influences of Campus on Community College Student Success

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This study examines survey and transcript data for a stratified random sample of over 4,000 students enrolled in the nine campuses of the Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD) and found that several campuses predict small but statistically significant differences in unit completion ratio (defined as the ratio of units [or credit hours] completed with a grade of A, B, C, or pass to units attempted) after controlling for influences of student characteristics (p < .05). Furthermore, split-file data analyses indicate that some campuses foster higher rates of completion for specific types of student subpopulations—such as first generation or nonnative English speakers—after controlling for other student characteristics. Limitations, implications for practice, and recommendations for further study conclude this article.

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Preface Exploring Offence Paralleling Behaviours in Incarcerated Offenders The Chinese Prison System for Female Offenders: A Case Study Social Control, Moral Panics & Prison: Social Harms Produced by the Myth of the New Hyper-Violent Girl Advancing the Study of Solitary Confinement Conducting Treatment in the Prison System: Rehabilitation Research Exploratory Study on Child Care in Prisons Violence Prevention Booster Program: Effects on Knowledge, Attitude, & Recidivism The Challenges of Re-entry from Prison to Society A Theoretical Assessment of the Impact of Unsafe Injecting Practices & Behavioral Change on the Dynamics of HCV & HIV within Correctional Institutions Index.


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Question: The British Association for Counselling

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"['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'ABSTRACTAustralia is a net food exporter, but relies heavily on imported agricultural nutrients. There is scope to recycle nutrients from agro-industrial residues, but this has not been assessed in detail. The assessment reported identified significant potential for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to be recovered from different Australian agro-industrial residues. Suitable sources of residues were cattle feedlots, piggeries, poultry (layers), poultry (meat), sugar cane processing, meat processing, dairies, coal mining, milk processing, fish processing, urban waste and electricity generation. Significant nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources were municipal waste, sugarcane processing, cattle feedlots and sewage wastewater. A total of 246 kt N, 88 kt P, and 359 kt K was produced as residues in 2010, representing 23% of N and P, and >100% of K in relation to the annual national agricultural consumption. Australian agro-industrial nutrient source–sink maps revealed that the best potential residual nut...']" == "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Nutrients in Australian agro-industrial residues: production, characteristics and mapping']"

Considers the role of the British Association for Counselling in counselling provision. Examines what the BAC considers to be the meaning of counselling. Describes the foundation, divisions, and subcommittees related to the Association. Summarises that the BAC exists to make the benefits of counselling more widely known and available, and to improve standards of training and practice.

Lectures and workshops on a varied and inspiring programme over 2 days were presented at Regent's College, London, on 15—16 March. The theme of the Second National Neuroscience Nursing Conference was ‘challenges in neuroscience nursing’. The conference was organized by MA Healthcare Events which is grateful for the support of B Braun Medical, CliniMed, The Encephalitis Society and The Multiple Sclerosis Society.


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Question: A Decision Support model: Simulating a production oriented processing system

Revenue Canada - Taxation has developed a Decision Support System (DSS) which allows taxation centre managers to evaluate the effects of various planning strategies for processing tax returns. To plan effectively, there is a need to find an optimal balance between the efficient utilization of resources by the processing activities and the provision of a service that meets taxpayer expectations. With the use of this Decision Support System, managers are able to evaluate the trade-offs between policies on staffing, inventory control and production to allow them to choose a plan that would best meet their overall objectives. The framework of the DSS is such that it may be used to plan for any production oriented processing system.

This chapter presents an original continuous time methodology and mathematical models applied for analyzing the effectiveness of technical and economic aspects of the operation of heat and electricity sources.


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Question: Abstract 21052: Risk-Benefit Ratio May Not Justify a Further Decrease in Threshold for Pulmonary Valve Replacement Late After Tetralogy of Fallot Repair: An Experience With 2579 Patients

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Background: Recommended thresholds for pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in asymptomatic patients after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair are continually decreasing. We studied the natural history v...

1-2 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 5-13 Overview of Sickle Cell Disease 5 Elevated Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity 7 Elevated TRV in Children With Sickle Cell Disease 9 Treatment of Elevated Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity 10 Pathogenesis and Study of Outcomes Associated with Elevated TRV 11 Sickle Cell Nephropathy 12 Elevated TRV and Proteinuria 13 Statement of Purpose, Specific Hypotheses and Specific Aims of the Thesis 14 Methods 15-19 Patient Population 15 Echocardiography 16 Study of the Natural History of TRV in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.........17 Study to Determine if Elevated TRV is Associated with Proteinuria 18 Results 20 Study 1. Natural History of TRV in Children with Sickle Cell Disease 20 Study 2. Is Elevated TRV Associated with Proteinuria? 25 Discussion 27-32 References 33-42 Appendix 1: Publication 43-46 Appendix 2: Comment on Publication 47-48


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Question: Photoluminescence properties of gallium nitride nanowires grown by plasma-enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition

Gallium nitride nanowires (GaN NWs) were synthesized by plasma-enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition. The structures and photoluminescence properties were measured and analyzed.

The use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize thin silicon films formed by laser recrystallization using different capping layers, thin silicon films formed by plasma deposition, and thin films of tungsten silicide formed by rapid thermal annealing is reported.


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Question: The TRUEX (TRansUranium EXtraction) process and the management of liquid TRU (transuranic) waste

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The TRUEX process is a new generic liquid-liquid extraction process for removal of all actinides from acidic nitrate or chloride nuclear waste solutions. Because of its high efficiency and great flexibility, the TRUEX process appears destined to be widely used in the US and possibly in other countries for cost-effective management and disposal of transuranic (TRU) wastes. In the US, TRU wastes are those that contain greater than or equal to3.7 x 10/sup 6/ Bq/kg) of TRU elements with half-lives greater than 20 y. This paper gives a brief review of the relevant chemistry and summarizes the current status of development and deployment of the TRUEX (TRansUranium EXtraction) process flowsheets to treat specific acidic waste solutions at several US Department of Energy sites. 19 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.

Candidate canning materials were tested in contact with molten stand-ins for Pm metal; nondestructive tests were conducted. Related studies included americium processing, uranium-233 support, Ce-Pm separation, and technetium analyses.


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Question: Comparison between Rydberg surface resonances on W(001) and W(110)

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Abstract Comparison is made between high-resolution LEED measurements of electronic surface resonances in the (00) beam from W(001) and W(110). The study of W(110) extended to several polar angles of incidence provides new information that helps to explain the data obtained on W(001) at a fixed angle.

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Using an ab initio total energy method, we have calculated the surface energy and surface stress of Cr2AlC (0001) with the configuration of the top layer as Al [(0001)(Al)], Cr [(0001)(Cr)], and C ...


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Question: The semiconductor memory device

A stack memory includes a base chip, a memory chip stacked over the base chip, and a via 42 provided between the base chip and the memory chip. The base chip has an external interface circuit and a late write control circuit. The external interface circuit externally receives/transmits write data and read data. The late write control circuit has at least a register storing write data externally supplied through the external interface circuit. The memory chip has a memory cell array and a late write control circuit having at least a register storing write data supplied from the register through the via.

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Aiming at an electro-coating defects event in the heavy truck cab, the process of finding the causes and the countermeasures adopted were introduced.


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E.g. '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'General Reliability of Measurement']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The definition of general reliability of measurement is proposed for the first time.We discussed the extended error theory,and analyzed the systematic effect of stochastic error and the randomization of systematic error.The concept of uncertainty in measurement and the application of general reliability are discussed,it is valuable for surveying scheme design,data adjustment,verification of measuring instrument and the setup and explanation of standard for surveying.']' != '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase']'

Question: A Field Test of Lindane for Prevention and Control of Attack by Ips confusus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Slash

Lindane, used according to commercial specification (approximately 3.1% concentrate), was completely effective in preventing attack by Ips confusus on ponderosa and sugar pine. Effective control in infested logs was achieved regardless of the time of treatment. Longevity of emerging brood adults was significantly reduced and there appeared to be a difference in susceptibility to attack by Ips between ponderosa and sugar pine.

Nutritional Ecology of Forb Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Insect Folivores of Woody Plants: Nitrogen, Water, Fiber and Mineral Considerations Nutritional Ecology of Grass Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Phytophagous Mites Nutritional Ecology of Lichen/Moss Arthropods Nutritional Ecology of Arthropod Gall-Makers Nutritional Ecology of Bruchid Beetles Nutritional Ecology of Seed-Sucking Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product and House Dust Mites Ecology of Nectar and Pollen Feeding in Lepidoptera.


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Question: Capacitively coupled converter (C/sup 3/) for high power DC-DC conversion

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The capacitive coupled converter for high-power voltage source DC-DC applications is described. Its steady-state and dynamic behavior are analyzed theoretically and by computer simulation. Factors affecting its operation and control are discussed and some design rules are presented. A proof-of-principle model of the capacitive coupled converter was constructed, and its waveforms were recorded. >

This paper proposes a new single-input dual-output [SIDO] soft-switched resonant full-bridge converter, which has asymmetrical structures for the isolated multiple outputs. The proposed structure i...


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Question: Isotropic subspaces in symmetric composition algebras and Kummer subspaces in central simple algebras of degree 3

The maximal isotropic subspaces in split Cayley algebras were classified by van der Blij and Springer in Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde VIII(3):158–169, 1960. Here we translate this classification to arbitrary composition algebras. We study intersection properties of such spaces in a symmetric composition algebra, and prove two triality results: one for two-D isotropic spaces, and another for isotropic vectors and maximal isotropic spaces. We bound the distance between isotropic spaces of various dimensions, and study the strong orthogonality relation on isotropic vectors, with its own bound on the distance. The results are used to classify maximal p-central subspaces in central simple algebras of degree p = 3. We prove various linkage properties of maximal p-central spaces and p-central elements. Analogous results are obtained for symmetric p-central elements with respect to an involution of the second kind inverting a third root of unity.

Abstract This note presents necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of generalizations of m-adic residue codes in Abelian group algebras.


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Question: Second-look laparotomy in endodermal sinus tumor: a report of two patients with normal levels of alpha-fetoprotein and residual tumor at reexploration.

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The role of second-look laparotomy in the management of patients with endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary is controversial. We report two women who converted to a normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level during treatment with combination chemotherapy, yet were found to have residual endodermal sinus tumor at second-look laparotomy. In view of the limited experience with this rare disease, we continue to recommend second-look laparotomy for patients who have completed chemotherapy for endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary, regardless of the serum AFP level.

Although granulosa cell tumor combined with a dermoid cyst in the same ovary is rarely seen, adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary with contralateral teratoma has not been reported to date. In this report we present the first case in the English language literature of a ruptured granulosa cell tumor of the left ovary and mature cystic teratoma of the right ovary presenting as acute abdominal syndrome. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral-ophorectomy, and multiple pelvic lymph node sampling and infracolic omentectomy. She received combined chemotherapy consisting of bleomycin, etoposide. and cisplatin for six cycles. Subsequent follow-up and workups have revealed no evidence of disease. At 19 months after initial diagnosis, she is disease-free.


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Question: The Characteristics of a Persistent Auroral Arc at High Latitude in the 1400 MLT Sector

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An analysis of precipitating particle energy flux observations show a local intensity maximum at ∼ 77 invariant latitude and 14 MLT, a location where a number of other geophysical processes show intensity maximum. Detailed examination show these energy fluxes to be composed entirely of 0.3 - 3 keV electrons precipitating in latitudinally thin structures. The source populations from whence these electrons originated had densities of order 2 cm-3 and temperatures of order 150 eV. Parallel electric field acceleration of ∼ 1000 V (but no more than 3000 V) was responsible for the electron rich energy flux enhancements. The source of EMF for this process probably originates in a fairly direct solar-wind magnetosphere interaction.

Abstract : Reprint: Electrical Potential Patterns Deduced for the SUNDIAL period of 23-26 September 1986.


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Question: Wireless Routing Protocol Research Based on Nsclick

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The NS-2 simulator is a discrete event simulation framework commonly used to evaluate networking routing protocols.But the protocols implemented on NS-2 can't be used directly in real network system.In order to bridge the gap between simulation and implementation on a real testbed,Nsclick was developed.Nsclick is the Click Modular Router embedded inside the NS-2 network simulator.With minor modifications,a Click routing graph may run both on an actual system as well as under NS-2.The elements in Nsclick can be used to implement new protocol.Routing protocols may be implemented as Click graphs and easily moved between simulation and any operating system supported by Click.Memory consumption is greater,but not to an excessive degree,and in many cases Nsclick runs more quickly than NS-2.

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These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Device capable of extracting copy prohibition information and control method thereof

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PURPOSE: A device for extracting copy prohibition information and a control method thereof are provided to flexibly embody a copy prohibition function by controlling the print of the manuscript to which copy prohibition information is added. CONSTITUTION: A holding unit holds the information about operation configuration which shows authorization of pint processes. A receiving unit(105) receives a user's print process appointment. A determining unit detects print control information from a manuscript image. If the copy prohibition information is included in the print control information, a control unit(101) compares the print process appointed by the user and the information about operation configuration. If the print process appointed by the user is accepted, the control unit prints the manuscript image based on the print process.

A content information management means communicating content information to a digital image pickup device. An embodiment comprises means for storing the content information in a memory, means for communicating the content of information to a digital image acquisition device and means for receiving a request, such that the content information is communicated to the digital image acquisition device when the request is received, on , A further embodiment comprises means for communicating a request signal, such that the content information management means supplies the content information upon receiving the request signal, means for receiving the content information from the content information management means, and means for displaying the content information on a display, which is on the digital image recording apparatus is on.


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Question: Information processing device, information processing system, distribution system, information processing method, and program storage medium

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In order to achieve improved work efficiency and reduced work errors, this information processing device (70) is provided with an acquisition unit (71), a detection unit (72), and a report control unit (73). The acquisition unit (71) acquires information used in work to be executed on a work object from a document attached to the work object. The detection unit (72) detects the whereabouts of the work object. On the basis of a rule that is data in which the information used in the work and work contents utilizing the information are associated with each other, the report control unit (73) detects the work contents for the work object. Further, the report control unit (73) reports the work contents by controlling a report device for reporting the work contents.

A parameter adjustment method. The method comprises the steps of: according to the type of a functional component of the aircraft, displaying a corresponding graphical user interface (103); and according to the functional component of the aircraft and the corresponding graphical user interface, displaying a configuration state of the functional component of the aircraft on the graphical user interface (104). The present invention also relates to a parameter adjustment apparatus, a parameter adjustment system and a parameter adjustment memory.


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Question: An algebraic model for the [FORMULA] Light-Cone string field theory

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We investigate algebraic structure of light-cone string field theory which respects the spacetime supersymmetry [FORMULA]. Extracting building blocks from the explicit oscillator expressions of light-cone superstring field theory on the pp-wave and the flat background, we propose a model for more generic backgrounds by giving an algebraic procedure to construct supercharges and Hamiltonian without referring to explicit oscillator expressions. Based on this strategy, we systematically construct interaction terms of light-cone string field theory on the pp-wave background and some examples of its generalization. We also study the supergravity limit of the interaction terms on the pp-wave background.

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Abstract In his thesis[2] H. Bohman has derived a function, C(t), which solves the following minimum problem.


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Question: Low-cost ultrasonic distance measurement in a mechanical resonance experiment

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We present a low-cost, dual-probe position sensor in a mechanical resonance experiment suitable for deployment in large lab courses with multiple stations. The motion of the two ends of a driven, damped spring oscillator is recorded with US-100 ultrasonic distance sensors and ESP8266 microcontrollers. Sensor lag is compensated via a modified Savitzky-Golay filter. Data is downloaded to a computer via Wi-Fi in a format suitable for analysis in Logger Pro. Due to the simple and fast data acquisition process, students can gather sufficient data to plot curves of the amplitude and phase lag as a function of driving frequency.

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Use of an ultrasonic flowmeter has demonstrated its feasibility for the transmission of indicators to a computer network.


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Question: Processing Terahertz Ray Data in Space Shuttle Inspection

Terahertz ray imaging is one of the most capable techniques to inspect the space shuttle external tank foam insulation. This technique, however, is limited in its current inspection protocol using indirect substrate reflections. An alternate signal processing approach, working directly on the flaw responses, was lately demonstrated to be able to overcome some of these limitations. In this paper, we report recent progresses made by utilizing this alternate signal processing procedure in additional samples to detect flaws that were missed by the current protocol. We also present a new detection approach using the probabilistic neural network in the context of Bayesian classification. Preliminary results showed that the new Bayesian classification approach can achieve even greater improvement over the alternate signal processing approach.

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Debugging Of Large-scaled Data Processing Systems Like Supercomputers Is Becoming More Difficult. One Of The Causes Of The Trouble Is A Long Time For Reproducing VlSI's To Change Logic Design. An Automated On-chip Direct Wiring Modification System, Using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) And Laser CVD, Was Developed. It Reduced The Logic Change Period To One Day. The Debugging Time Of The Newest Mainframe Computer M880 Was Shortened By A Few Months.


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Question: Certain particular features of measurements with lever gauges and micrometers

The error in measuring with lever gauges or micrometers depends on the shape of the tested components, with the flat components being measured more precisely than the cylindrical ones. In testing components with a size exceeding 50 mm, the measurement error depends on the relative position of the instrument and the component. The above technique can be used for investigating measurements made with lever gauges and micrometers under virtually all application conditions.

The method of swelling in active media, with the aid of optical microscopy, has been used to discover fine structural differences in aramide fibres. The method is informative


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Question: Experimental and Numerical Study of Microwave Thawing Heat Transfer for Food Materials

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A combined experimental and numerical study of microwave thawing of a food analog material is reported. The objective of this study is to determine thawing histories and temperature profiles for cylindrically shaped samples. Microwave thawing experiments of samples with different aspect ratios were performed to collect time-temperature data for various power levels. These measured thawing times were utilized in a comparative analysis with the numerical predictions. The heat transfer phenomena due to the interaction between phase change and heat generation was analyzed. A two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to deal with the complicated thawing process, which includes the frozen, mushy, and thawed phases, and the evaporation of water. The present study is anticipated to form a fundamental understanding of the interactions between microwave irradiation and phase-change heat transfer.

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: The Rule by Law Selection of CPC's Leading mode and Governing Mode

In the course of revolutionary war, CPC mainly took the leading mode by policy. Since the foundation of the PRC, CPC's leading mode and governing mode went through the transition from mainly depending on the policy to depending on both the policy and the law, then to mainly depending on the law. To rule and govern our country by law is CPC's inevitable selection to adjust to the variety of her historical position and innovate her leading mode and governing mode.

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Policy Science and Social Policy: Implications for the Social Work Curriculum.

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Fewshot example: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'In this paper, we study multi-click queries - queries for which more than one click is performed by the same user within the same query session. Such queries may reflect a more complex information need, which leads the user to examine a variety of results. We present a comprehensive analysis that reveals unique characteristics of multi-click queries, in terms of their syntax, lexical domains, contextual properties, and returned search results page. We also show that a basic classifier for predicting multi-click queries can reach an accuracy of 75% over a balanced dataset. We discuss the implications of our findings for the design of Web search tools.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'One Query, Many Clicks: Analysis of Queries with Multiple Clicks by the Same User']"

This paper briefly traces the evolution of the policy sciences. It views policy science as a technical policy development discipline. The impediments to successful integration of policy science content into social policy curriculum are analyzed and suggestions to improve utilization are made. The paper suggests that critical analysis and constructive utilization of the techniques of the policy sciences will evolve once social workers develop technical skills. It also recommends that schools of social work teach policy as a method. It goes on to articulate curriculum recommendations necessary for the effective teaching of social policy as a method.

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Public Management: Change or Continuity? The Politics and Theories of Public Management in Britain The Institutional Framework of Public Service Provision Delivering Public Services: Processes and Problems Strategic Management and Leadership Performance and Quality Management Financial Management and Economic Regulation Human Resource Management in the Public Services Regulation, Audit and Inspection inside Governance Conclusion: Public Management in the UK Today


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represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about Examples:
'['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'Cotrimoxazole for prenatal treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis?']' == '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Congenital toxoplasmosis is still one of the most frequent causes of fetal death. Despite a significant improvement in diagnosis, particularly in utero diagnosis, maternal treatment is only partially effective in preventing transmission to the fetus and treating fetal infection. Maternal treatment is based on drugs developed 50 years ago, which may have limited efficacy (spiramycin) or serious side-effects (pyrimethamine). Data on the use of cotrimoxazole in mouse models of toxoplasmosis and for preventing toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients suffering from AIDS have led Francis Derouin and colleagues to consider the potential of cotrimoxazole for prenatal prevention and treatment of toxoplasmic fetal death.']' != '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Cyproterone acetate versus a continuous monophasic oral contraceptive in the treatment of recurrent pelvic pain after conservative surgery for symptomatic endometriosis Metformin therapy improves ovulatory rates, cervical scores, and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome Association of thrombocytopenia and delivery method with intraventricular hemorrhage among very-low-birth-weight infants Randomized trial of concurrent oxytocin with a sustained-release dinoprostone vaginal insert for labor induction at term Factors associated with an increased risk of prevalent and incident grade III cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer among women with Papanicolaou tests classified as grades I or II cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Adverse perinatal outcomes are significantly higher in severe gestational hypertension than in mild preeclampsia Risk of Uterine Rupture during Labor among Women with a Prior Cesarean Delivery']'

Question: Effect of Anode Area on the Cell Performance in a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell

The effect of the geometrical anode area of a molten carbonate fuel cell on the cell performance was investigated with 100 cm 2 class single cells. A cell with a 100 cm 2 area anode (cell I) and another cell with a 50 cm 2 area anode (cell II) were used. The cathode area of the cells was ∼ 100 cm 2 . The cell with 50 cm 2 anode area was prepared by filling the edge area of the 100 cm 2 class cell with 100 meshes of Ni, which was wrapped by 20 μm thick Al foil. Other conditions for the preparation of the cells were identical. Cell performance was analyzed with steady-state polarization, inert gas step addition, and reactant gas addition methods. The analyses revealed that cell II showed an ∼40% larger anodic overpotential than cell I. This implies that the anode performance is less dependent on its geometrical area. Cathodic overpotential was also larger for cell II than for cell I, likely due to higher electrolyte contents at the cathode in cell II.


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Question: ANALYSIS OF GLUCOSE-C14 IN TISSUES USING THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY.

Abstract Available procedures for separating glucose-C 14 from its metabolites in the whole animal require a number of time-consuming steps (e.g., deionization, evaporation, derivative formation), some of which are associated with appreciable losses of material. These steps may be circumvented by using the thin-layer chromatographic, colorimetric, and radioisotopic procedures which are described in the present paper.

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: Nonlinear dynamics of nanosystems

Part 1: Fluctuations Part 2: Surface Effects Part 3: Nanoelectromechanics Part 4: Nanoelectronics Part 5: Optic-electronic Coupling

This paper presents the first reporte capacity measurements of ultra-thin atomic W/Al2O3 thin films. The thermal tim suspended ALD nanobridges were measu model was derived to fit the data and ext heat capacity. The accuracy of the n compared against a traditional model usin and analytical modeling. Application of materials for microbolometer performance discussed.


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Question: Phytochemical investigation and medicinal importance of Cyathocline lyrata.

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In this study of new sesquiterpene alcohol, Cythoclol has been isolated from the e ssential oil of both Cyathocline purpurea and C. lyrata . T wo new sesquiterpene loctones, Eudesmanolide and Guianolide have also been isolated from C. purpurea . Chemical investigations were done to determine its molecular formula and structure. The essentia l oil has been biologically screened and was found to possess

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Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) has been applied to multielemental determinations of medicinal extracts obtained from the plants.Cordia Verbenacea DC, Folidago Microglossa DC, and Petiveria Alliacea.


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Question: Analysis of the composition and concentration of fatty acids in transgenic soybean (cp4-epsps1) oil

The transgenic and non-transgenic soybean seeds oils were extracted and the composition and concentration of the fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. Sixteen different fatty acids were detected in both transgenic and non-transgenic soybean oil: C14:0, C16:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, C20:1, C20:2, C22:0, C20:5, C22:1, C24:0 and C22:6. The concentration of 12 of 16 fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, C18:1, C18:2, C20:0, C20:1, C20:2, C22:0, C20:5, C22:1, C24:0 and C22:6) in transgenic soybean oil were higher than those in non-transgenic one (P < 0.05). The concentration of C17:0 and C18:3 were lower than those in non-transgenic one (P < 0.05). The total fatty acids concentration increases by 12.6 % (P < 0.01). The degree of saturation of transgenic soybean oil increased from 58.7 to 69.8 % (P < 0.01). All the data above show that the insertion of foreign genes can change the concentration of fatty acids in plant oil. The mechanism for these changes should be studied.

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The plant expression vector pCUB-Zein::ferritin-35s::bar was constructed by In-Fusion kit.The soybean ferritin gene was transferred into the shoot apical point of maize inbred line of maize inbred line Qi319 by Agrobacterium tumefacien mediated transformation.The soybean ferritin gene was expressed under the control of a maize seed storage protein prolamin promoter 15kD β-Zein.272 transgenic plants were obtained after select-ing with glufosinate and 108 of them were confirmed positive by PCR amplification.The frequency of transfor-mation reached about 3.6%.This study showed that the soybean ferritin gene was integrated into maize genome.


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Question: [Stress of the elderly (author's transl)].

represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title To give you a sense - "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', "By using the methods of mathematical statistics,this paper makes a statistical analysis on basic instance of the medals obtained by Chinese athletes in Guangzhou Asian Games.The result shows that Chinese athletes have won 199 gold medals and 416 medals in Guangzhou Asian Games.This is the eight times of Chinese delegation winning the top in gold medal and total medal table,especially for the man's swimming event,the achievement is obvious,and makes historical breakthrough."]" should be close to "['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Analysis on Medal Distribution Obtained by China in Guangzhou Asian Games']"

Author examines the suicide-motives of elderly people in connection with stress and describes the Hedri-Mallisons disease, which has a very high suicide-rate.

The question is discussed in general terms and attention is drawn to the influence of body constitution of an individual. (OTS)


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Question: New Procedure of Kinetic Resolution of t-Butylphenylphosphine Oxide

Abstract The title compound optically active t-butylphenylphosphine oxide 1 is widely used as a key substrat for the synthesis of other optically active derivatives such as α-hydroxyphosphine oxides, vinylphosphine oxides Till now, it has been obtained by a few rather laborious procedures1

1. ::: ::: The reaction of magnesium with p-dibromobenzene and chlorotrimethylsilane was investigated and it was shown that there is simultaneous formation of p-bromophenyltrimethylsilane and p-bistrimethylsilylbenzene in the proportions of 4.4∶1. ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: 2. ::: ::: The new compounds, p-bromophenylchloromethylphenylsilane and p-bromophenylethoxymethylphenylsilane, were synthesized.


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Question: Macular morphologic findings on optical coherence tomography after microincision vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Purpose ::: To investigate macular morphology on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images after microincision vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Purpose ::: To compare the efficacy and safety of two intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents, ranibizumab and aflibercept, for the treatment of vascularized pigment epithelium detachment (vPED) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a follow-up time of 12 months.


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Question: Energy-efficient clustering routing algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks

Energy heterogeneity is ubiquitous in wireless sensor networks. Because of nodes' initial energy of multi-level energy heterogeneity in wireless sensor networks distributing within a certain scope randomly, this paper proposed an Energy-efficient clustering routing algorithm which is suit to the heterogeneous environments in wireless sensor networks to economize the nodes' energy exploiting the energy heterogeneity and to extend the stability period of the network. The nodes of the cluster select the cluster head based on the current residual energy and the distance to the cluster centroid, and then accomplish the collection of data and the two-hop data transmission. The simulations indicate that the proposed algorithm balances the energy consumption among sensor nodes much better and prolongs the WSNs life time efficiently. Index Terms - Wireless sensor network, energy heterogeneity, energy efficiency, clustering routing algorithm. I. Introduction

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The 1st International Workshop on Decentralized Resource Sharing in Mobile Computing and Networking aims to provide a forum where researchers from the wireless networking community and the distributed systems community can discuss and present new research relevant to the intersection between the two communities. In particular, MobiShare focuses on the applicability and transfer of decentralized/peer-to-peer techniques to multihop wireless networks (wireless mesh networks, opportunistic (ad hoc) extensions to the Internet, vehicular networks, etc.).


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Question: [Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava].

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Leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor of soft tissues. The inferior vena cava is affected infrequently, a literature review showing only 66 cases reported previously, 29 of these patients undergoing radical surgery. The case described was diagnosed during operation for gallstones, and the lesion was excised radically using an original technique. Experience of this case and opinions of various authors who have treated similar cases suggest that the factors determining choice of therapy are: the caval segment involved, an effective collateral circulation, longitudinal or circumferential extension of the affected vascular wall, the presence or absence of neoplastic or hepatic thromboses.

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An unusual case of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to an isolated varix involving the 2nd part of the duodenum is presented here. The varix was the result of Chronic Pancreatitis induced the superior mesenteric vein obstruction. The diagnosis was made preoperatively by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and selective mesenteric angiogram. Patient was treated successfully with Mesocaval shunt surgery between the superior mesenteric vein and the inferior vena cava using a 10 mm Dacron graft. This is the unique case showing hemorrhagic complication of Chronic Pancreatitis due to the superior mesenteric vein obstruction.


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Provided: ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Building and Reporting on Microsimulation Models'] Match: ['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper\n\n\nExamples:\n\n\n"Objective:To analyze the value of routine MRI examination and MR arthrography in diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.Methods: The study group consisted of 20 cadaver shoulders. All shoulders underwent both routine MRI and MR arthrography and were compared with the findings of gross anatomy and histopathology.Results: The sensitivity of routine MRI for detecting partial tears was 61.9% and further increased to 90.5% by adding MR arthrography. The sensitivity in detecting full-thickness tears was 100% and specificity was 97.1% for both routine MRI and MR arthrography.Conclusions:There is a higher sensitivity in detecting partial tears with routine MRI combined with MR arthrography." == "Experimental study of routine MRI and MR arthrography in diagnosis of rotator cuff tears"', 'Microsimulation models are rapidly becom- ing the preferred tool to assess the changes in traffic be- haviour due to changes in the road system or the demand placed upon it. Some aspects of building a microsimula- tion model are similar to those for a traditional assign- ment model, but others are quite different. The same is true for the outputs and reports from the models. This pa- per describes the process of building microsimulation models, using them to assess different scheme options and reporting on the subsequent performance of these op- tions.'] Hard Negative: ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Why Data Mining is Important: What is Customer-Centric Data Mining? How Data Mining Can Enhance Your Services and Products Data Mining Can Solve Your Most Difficult Problems The Data Mining Process Pillars of the Data Mining Framework: The Information Technology of Business Intelligence The Data in Data Mining The Mathematics of Data Mining Data Mining Techniques: Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: More Knowledge Discovery Data Mining Techniques: Predictive Models Data Mining Management: Common Reasons Data Mining Projects Fail Overcoming Obstacles Successful Data Mining Project Management Data Mining in Practice--Case Studies: Data Mining in: Customer Service, Retail, Insurance, Financial Services, Health Care and Medicine, Telecommunications, Transportation and Logistics, Energy, and Government Glossary Bibliography Appendixes: Vendor Information "STAT 101" Techniques Listed by Methodology Phase']

Question: Electrical Characterisation of Silicon-Rich-Oxide Based Memory Cells Using Pulsed Current-Voltage Techniques

MOS FET’s and capacitors with a gate oxide containing a Silicon-Rich-Oxide (SRO) layer were fabricated. Memory action occurs through trapping of charge in the SRO-layer. Pulsed Current-Voltage techniques recording Id-Vg and C-V-curves have been used to determine the cell characteristics. Programming and erasing can be achieved by applying ±8V pulses with 100ms pulse width. Faster programming and pulses on the gate electrode. The cells have an endurance of 10 5 cycles and an estimated retention of 10 years.

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper

For instance, <<['Represent the input', 'The present disclosure relates to a mounting head unit, the component mounting apparatus, a method of manufacturing a substrate and the rotary drive mechanism. Head mounting means includes a body portion, a plurality of holding portions and a drive mechanism. A plurality of holding portions arranged to be capable of holding a plurality of members. A plurality of holding portions and the vertical direction are rotatably supported by the main body portion is arranged in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction. The drive mechanism includes a plurality of rotary mechanism sections, the plurality of rotation mechanism mounting portions on a plurality of holding portions each of the plurality of holding portions to rotate, thereby rotating mechanism portion is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the holding portion adjacent to each other different mounting positions.']>>  to <<['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Head mounting means mounting apparatus, a method of manufacturing a substrate and the rotary drive mechanism']>>

Preface.Acknowledgements.Glossary of Abbreviations.Glossary of Symbols.1. An Introduction to Optical Communication Systems.2. Principles of Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser Diodes: Coupled Wave Theory.3. Structural Impacts on the Solutions of Coupled Wave Equations: An Overview.4. Transfer Matrix Modelling in DFB Semiconductor Lasers.5. Threshold Analysis and Optimization of Various DFB LDs Using the Transfer Matrix Method.6. Above-Threshold Characteristics of DFB Laser Diodes: A TMM Approach.7. Above-Threshold Analysis of Various DFB Lase r Structures Using the TMM.8. Circuit and Transmission-Line Laser Modelling (TLLM) Techniques.9. Analysis of DFB Laser Diode Characteristics Based on the Transmission-Line Modelling (TLLM).10. Wavelength Tunable Optical Filters Based on DFB Laser Structures.11. Other Wavelenght Tunable Optical Filters Based on the DFB Laser Structure.12. Conclusion, Summary and Suggestions.Index.


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Question: Altered host response and special infections in the elderly.

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Infection remains one of the most common causes for Emergency Department evaluation and hospital admission in the elderly. Unfortunately, aged individuals may not manifest the typical symptoms and signs as their younger counterparts. The emergency physician must recognize that the elderly individual may exhibit a less vigorous physiologic response to infectious states, which can delay or make diagnosis difficult. This article attempts to explain the apparent dysfunctions in the elderly that places this important population at greater risk for certain infections.

Daily intense exercise prevents the development of immediate type allergy in subjects of any age due to inhibition of all three stages of allergy mechanism.


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Question: A Laser Ignition Microthruster for Microspacecraft Propulsion

A laser ignition microthruster was developed for microspacecraft propulsion. Small solid-propellant pellets were ignited by a diode laser beam to produce a high impulse from a very small power source. Basic experiments showed that the microthruster produced an impulse of 60 mNs, using 60 mg B/KNO3 pellets ignited by a 1 W laser beam. A space-based demonstration of the microthruster system is planned onboard a microspacecraft named KKS-1, which has been chosen by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency as one of the six small satellites to be launched with the Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite, which is scheduled to be launched on a H2A rocket in early 2009.

Experimental Studies Were Carried Out With Ejectors Having 2D And Multi Jet Nozzles To Determine If They Could Be Adopted To Drive A Low Speed Tunnel .A Model Tunnel Was Constructed And Results Obtained From Different Ejector Configurations Have Been Compared. ::: ::: The Study Suggests That An Annular Ejector Is Promising As A Candidate Configuration For Further Work Leading To An Application As A Wind Tunnel Drive.


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Question: Inter-area Power Oscillation and Potential Application Phasor Measurement Units for the Vietnam 500kV Power System

Abstract: This paper discusses the optimal solution for damping oscillation in high voltage network using phasor measurement unit (PMU). The analyzing operation of 500kV power via blackout happened in recently could certainly benefit from development and potential application synchronized phasor measurement units (PMUs) technology. The purpose is to increase the overall system efficiency and reliability for all power operation modes via significant dependence on wide area measurement system (WAMs) as intelligent grid.

List of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Transmission Line Theory. 3. Evaluating the Transient Response of Linear Networks. 4. Mosfet Current-Voltage Characteristics. 5. Figures of Merit to Characterize the Importance of on-Chip Inductance in Single Lines. 6. Effects of Inductance on the Propagation Delay and Repeater Insertion Process in RLC Lines. 7. Equivalent Elmore Delay for RLC Trees. 8. Characterizing Inductance Effects in RLC Trees. 9. Repeater Insertion in Tree Structured Inductive Interconnect. 10. Dynamic and Short-Circuit Power of CMOS Gates Driving Lossless Transmission Lines. 11. Exploiting On-Chip Inductance in High Speed Clock Distribution Networks. 12. Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of the Transient Response in RLC Circuits: The DTT Method. 13. On the Extraction of On-Chip Inductance. 14. Conclusions. Bibliography. Appendices. Index. About the Authors.


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Question: Research Guides: Economics: Historical and Primary Sources

This guide is intended as a starting place for finding information related to economics. Primary and Historical Sources

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Acknowledgments Introduction General and Social Science Sources General Anthropology Sources Methods and Practice Subfields of Anthropology Research Areas Humanities Related Fields Ethnic and Area Studies Supplemental Author Index Title Index Subject Index


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Question: Variational Data Assimilation with a Variable Resolution Finite-Element shallow-water Equations Model

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Abstract The adjoint model of a finite-element shallow-water equations model was obtained with a view to calculate the gradient of a cost functional in the framework of using this model to carry out variational data assimilation (VDA) experiments using optimal control of partial differential equations. The finite-element model employs a triangular finite-element Galerkin scheme and serves as a prototype of 2D shallow-water equation models with a view of tackling problems related to VIDA with finite-element numerical weather prediction models. The derivation of the adjoint of this finite-element model involves overcoming specific computational problems related to obtaining the adjoint of iterative procedures for solving systems of nonsymmetric linear equations arising from the finite-element discretization and dealing with irregularly ordered discrete variables at each time step. The correctness of the adjoint model was verified at the subroutine, level and was followed by a gradient cheek conducted once t...

One dimensional problems.- The Analytical Behaviour of Solutions.- Finite Difference Schemes for Convection-Diffusion Problems.- Finite Element and Finite Volume Methods.- Discretisations of Reaction-Convection-Diffusion Problems.- Layer-Adapted Meshes.- Two dimensional problems.- The Analytical Behaviour of Solutions.- Reaction-Diffusion Problems.- Convection-Diffusion Problems.


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Question: Analysis of Foetal Heart Rate Variability Components by Means of Empirical Mode Decomposition

Foetal heart rate variability (FHRV) is important in foetal wellbeing assessment. However, a gold standard for its evaluation is not yet available. Here, a rather new methodology, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), is proposed to decompose FHR signal in its components. To test the reliability of this methodology, we employed simulated FHR signals, “clean” and noisy, with characteristics defined a priori and computed two indices of foetal health, the sympatho-vagal balance (SVB) and the standard deviation of FHR signal (ASD). Results obtained in comparison between values set for the simulation and those estimated after EMD demonstrated that EMD could be useful for evaluation of FHRV components directly in time domain. The error in the indices estimation was on average just over 1% for SVB and zero for ASD. In presence of noise, the error in ASD estimation was below 8% whereas that in SVB evaluation increases becoming almost 30%.

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: Expression of VP genes of avian adeno-associated virus in insect cells

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In order to express three structural proteins of avian adeno-associated virus( AAAV) in an appropriate proportion in insect cells,one pair of specific primers were designed according to the published genome sequences of AAAV to amplify VP genes by PCR,and the amplified fragment was cloned into Baculovirus expression vector pFastBac1. Then the recombinant vector pFastBac-VP was transformed into DH10Bac Escherichia. coli,and the positive recombinant bacmid rBacmid-VP was selected after resistance and blue-white plaque screening. rBacmid-VP was transfected into the Sf9 insect cells by liposome,and the rBac-VP was acquired. SDS-PAGE analysis showed three structural proteins,VP1,VP2 and VP3,were expressed in Sf9 with the right molecular weights and the ratio of 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 10. The results of Western blot showed that the recombinant proteins could be recognized by antisera of VP3.

The ability of BIV strain R29 to infect bovine cell lines in the presence or absence of a functional lentiviral Tat protein is described. Jembrana disease virus (JDV) Tat protein was stably expressed in MDBK cells. No viral replication could be detected in this cell line after infection with BIV R29. Transfection of MDBK cells and MDBK Tat expressing cells with BIV R29 proviral DNA established that BIV R29 could not replicate in MDBK cells. Whether viral entry into MDBK cells is also a block to BIV R29 infection of MDBK cells has yet to be established.


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Question: Laronidase (Aldurazyme®): enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type I

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Background: Laronidase (Aldurazyme®) is a recombinant formulation of α-L-iduronidase, the enzyme deficient in mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I); a disorder associated with skeletal dysplasia, restricted joint movement, short stature, obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiac valvular problems and cognitive impairment (in the severe and intermediate variants). Objective: To describe MPS-I and review data on the safety and efficacy of laronidase. Results: Laronidase is safe and effective in stabilizing or improving pulmonary function and physical endurance. As intravenously administered enzyme is unable to correct CNS disease, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the primary treatment for Hurler's syndrome despite the morbidity and mortality risks. Conclusions: Palliative care remains part of the treatment. Long-term studies are required to ascertain the effect of enzyme therapy on survival and its effectiveness in modifying the disease course and reducing morbidity. Intrathecal administration is...

Introduction: In this issue, designations for hypoparathyroidism, Farber disease, dengue, Rett syndrome, adrenoleukodystrophy, necrotizing enterocolitis, Alagille syndrome, Dravet syndrome, familial intrahepatic cholestasis, familial chylomicronemia, myotonic dystrophy and epidermolysis bullosa are discussed. Areas covered: Orphan drugs designated between December 2013 and February 2014 within the European Union are covered. Expert opinion: Pioglitazone, which was recently designated for treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy, is an example of a drug in which the advantages of the already known pharmacodynamics and preclinical efficacy can be speculated to speed up its development as an orphan drug.


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Question: Social homogamy, early industrialization, and marriage restrictions in the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland, 1834–75

AbstractThe modernization thesis assumes decreasing relevance of an individual’s family background to various aspects of modern and industrial life, which should also translate into a decrease in m...

A description of poverty and its correlates in East and West Germany for the years 1990 and 1998


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Question: A multi‐input–multioutput (MIMO) version of the algorithm of mode isolation (AMI) and comparisons with other algorithms

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Experimental modal analysis (EMA) plays an important role in structural acoustic model validation, system diagnosis, and in the design of structural modifications and noise control measures. Recently, EMA has also been used to detect damage in structures and to characterize the elastic properties of complex materials. A multitude of algorithms has been proposed for extracting a system’s modal natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes from experimentally measured frequency response functions. The overwhelming majority of these algorithms attempts to extract all of the modes simultaneously. The algorithm of mode isolation (AMI) offers a different perspective, sequentially extracting modes in the order of their dominance in the data and then refining the extracted modal parameters through an iterative procedure. This presentation will compare these two approaches using two multi‐input–multioutput (MIMO) data sets, typical of many EMA applications. The first data set consists of synthetically gener...

This paper studies the mathematical modeling of an electrohydrostatic actuator (EHA) for the purpose of fault detection and diagnosis. A relatively new model-based fault detection strategy referred to as the interacting multiple model and smooth variable structure filtering method (IMM-SVSF) is applied on an experimental apparatus. The results of this application are compared with the popular Kalman filter based strategy (IMM-KF), and recommendations are made for future research.


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Question: Tectono-biosedimentary recordings at the Lias-Dogger transition: example of the Quercy carbonate platform (Aquitaine Basin, France)

On the eastern edge of the Aquitaine Basin, the Lias-Dogger transition and the events, which occurred during this time interval are studied in the Quercy sedimentary basin. Stratigraphic correlations are proposed using a biochronological calibration based on the determination of numerous ammonites and brachiopods. Facies analyses using statistical processing integrate the presence of faults and tectonic compartments and lead to reconstruction of palaeoenvironments in space and time. The paper includes the description of system tracts following Haq et al. [1987] and Vail et al. [1991], and twelve palaeogeographic maps of the area studied. The objectives are to distinguish the various allocyclic and autocyclic factors controlling sedimentation and to show the impact of the Mid-Cimmerian tectonic event on the evolution of the basin.

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Abstract Two ammonites of the genus Clydoniceras Blake, 1905 , are described and figured for the first time from the Upper Bathonian of NW Switzerland. One specimen is from the Achtelmatt site near Anwil (Canton Basellandschaft). The complex depositional conditions, especially those during the Late Bathonian, of this famous section are discussed. The second specimen comes from a road cut at La Gainaiche, north St-Brais (Canton Jura). The St-Brais Member (formerly Calcaire roux sableux) within the Ifenthal Formation is introduced.


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Question: To study the effect of adding Al2O3 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cement mortar

In this work, research has been done on the compressive, tensile and flexural strength of cement mortar containing Al2O3 nanoparticles in the amounts of 1, 3 and 5 percent by weight of cement. The results show that the mechanical properties of samples containing 1 and 3 percent Al2O3 nanoparticles are desirable then the ordinary cement mortar. But by increasing Al2O3 nanoparticles to 5 percent, the mechanical properties reduce severely. SEM study about the microstructure of cement mortar containing nanoparticles and ordinary cement mortar showed that Al2O3 nanoparticles reduces the CaOH2 crystals and fills the pores and increases the density of cement mortar. (M. R. Arefi, M. R. Javeri, E. Mollaahmadi. To study the effect of adding Al2O3 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cement mortar. Life Science Journal. 2011;8(4):613-617) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated using powder metallurgy technique. The effect of nanotubes content on mechanical properties of the composites was investigated. Experimental results showed that nanotubes are homogeneously distributed in the composites. The corrosion of AA 4032 alloy based nanocomposite with CNTs was investigated by electrochemical polarization studies. CNTs-reinforced composites have shown a better corrosion resistance than parent alloy. The nanotubes content significantly affect mechanical and corrosion properties of composite.


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Question: Approach and correction for mechanical kinematic singularity

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Multi-axis machine method of operation including mechanical linkage comprising a plurality of joints and links. Mechanical linkage is monitored in order to detect the approach of the singularity by linkage joint. Frequency of singularities approach is required. Joint approaching singularity is identified. Replacing the identified joint in the manipulator matrix using the virtual joints, correct the manipulator matrix, provides a modified manipulator matrix. Repositioning of the link of the link mechanism using a modified manipulator matrix is determined. This method can be realized software-based compensation for without priori knowledge of singularities for a given machine, extensive machine configuration.

We solve the direct problem of mathematical modelling as it applies to the shaping part of autocompensation systems implementing the principles of combined control of radio-signal amplitude.


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Question: Multiscale KAM theorem for Hamiltonian systems

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Abstract In this paper, we study the persistence of invariant tori in nearly integrable multiscale Hamiltonian systems with highorder degeneracy in the integrable part. Such Hamiltonian systems arise naturally in planar and spatial lunar problems of celestial mechanics for which the persistence problem connects closely to the stability of the systems. We introduce multiscale nondegenerate condition and multiscale Diophantine condition, comparable to the usual Diophantine condition. Using quasilinear KAM method, we prove a multiscale KAM theorem.

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Quasi-linear perturbations of a two-dimensional flow with a first integral and the corresponding parabolic PDEs with a small parameter at the second-order derivatives are considered in this paper.


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Question: Photoluminescence and plasmon resonance in silver embedded glass matrices

Nanoscale silver clusters were prepared in a soda-lime glass matrix through the ion-exchange (Ag + Na + ) method followed by thermal annealing in oxidizing atmosphere. The effects of annealing time and temperature on the plasmonic response and optical properties of silver nanocluster in glass matrices have been investigated by using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles has been observed in annealed samples. The blue shift has been observed as a function of post annealing time at a constant temperature. Transmission electron micrographs show the presence of spherical nanoparticles with a maximum particle size of 4-5 nm after annealing, which is consistent with Mie theory based results. The nano-sized Ag nanocluster on glass matrix is suitable as future prospective for potential applications in optical data storage. Copyright © 2015 VBRI press.

Optimization of the nonlinear optical properties of metal nano-cluster films imbedded in a nonlinear host is demonstrated using combustion chemical vapor deposition and subsequent Z-scan analysis.


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Question: Clinical Observation of Migraine by the Temploral Three acupoints

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"['', 'The authors generalize experience in the examination of 245 patients with suspected disease of the spinal cord by means of the Acutscan magnetic resonance tomograph (Instrumentarium firm, Finland) with ultralow intensity of the magnetic field. The application of the new method in neuroradiologic diagnosis--magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) possessing certain advantages over computed tomography and myelography enables the authors to make the correct topical diagnosis in most cases and visualize the inner structure of the tumor and its relation with the structures of the spinal canal. Tumors of the spinal cord were detected in 102 patients: intramedullary in 24, extramedullary-intradural in 31, extradural in 13, and craniospinal in 34 patients. It was established from analysis of the results that MRT possesses high informativeness in cases of intradural tumors of the spinal cord.']" == "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', '[Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of spinal cord tumors].']"

Purpose:To observe the clinical effect of Acupuncture on Migraine patients without aura with the temploral three points.Method:Sixty two cases of migraine were randomly divided into two groups,35 cases received acupuncture which take the temploral three points (the first of the points is 2 cun superior to the apex of the ear beyond the border of the hairline,at the same level,the 2nd and 3rd are needled 1 cun to either side) as main points,while the others treated with Nimodipine as control.Results:In acupuncture group,13 cases were cured basically,10 cases significant effect,7 cases improved,and 5 cases had no effect,the total effective rate being 85.7%.In Nimodipine therapy group,4 cases were cured basically,3 cases significant effect,8 cases improved,and 12 cases had no effect,the total effective rate being 55.5%.Conclusion:The effect of acupuncture therapy was superior to that of Nimodipine therapy.

Introduction: One Is the Lonelist Number The Civic Catechism Agoraphobia The Rite Stuff The Bawdy Politic Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Contraception is primarily used to prevent pregnancy. However, a user should be aware of both the possible non-contraceptive benefits she/he may experience and any potential risks to her/his health. These issues should be discussed as fully as possible, using

1. Introduction 2. Pulmonology 3. Cardiology 4. Cardiopulmonary Pathology 5. Pharmacology 6. Cardiopulmonary Assessment 7. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Interventions 8. Pediatrics 9. Laboratory Medicine Appendix 1 Glossary Index


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Question: Tax Reforms in China and Russia

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This paper compares tax reforms and current tax systems in China and Russia. In both countries, earlier tax reforms aimed at providing incentives to state-owned enterprises (SOEs) to improve productivity. In the 1990s, China and Russia established market-oriented tax systems, and both experienced a decline in tax revenues. Entering the new century, China adopted an increased-spending fiscal policy, while Russia adopted a tax-cut policy to stimulate economic growth. Both countries have similar value-added tax systems, but their personal and corporate income tax structures and social security systems are substantially different. The tax share of the gross domestic product (GDP) is substantially higher in Russia than in China. Russia is expected to continue its tax-reduction policy, and China is also considering major tax reforms.

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Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: PROGRAMMING AND ARRANGEMENT RESEARCH INTO REGIONAL LOGISTICS SYSTEM BY FUZZY C-MEANS CLUSTERING

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Programming and arrangement of regional logistics system were studied by fuzzy C-means clustering. The uncertain and fuzzy features for clients to select logistics centers and exchange amount were analyzed by system analysis method. The synthetic evaluation indices were established. The problem of clients' selecting is equal to that of determining the membership values. Then we got the uncertain nonlinear programming model of logistics system. The number of logistics centers or the optimal c value was determined by using the defined rules function. The detailed selecting site and the optimal scale of every logistics centers can be determined by me total scale decomposability, the membership matrix and clustering centers. The theory and method were applied in the logistics system programming of Langfang City in China. The concrete simulation result shows its correctness and feasibility.

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CRITICISM OF ADOPTING A SPECIALIZED UNIT APPROACH RATHER THAN INTEGRATING APPROACH INTO ENTIRE DEPARTMENT.


Question:
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E.g. "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Interaction Analysis of Adjacent Foundations of Renovated Builidngs']" == "['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper\n\nFewshot example: "The article presents results of a complex clinico-neurological and radiological examination of 47 patients with posttraumatic chronic subdural hematomas. Clinical features of the course of chronic hematomas against the background of a severe cranio-cerebral injury are established. On the basis of an analysis of data of a complex examination and results of the surgical treatment, the indications to using different methods of surgery are specified. The optimum methods of surgical treatment of patients with chronic subdural hematomas were found to be minimally invasive operations." == "[Clinico-neurological features, diagnostics and surgical treatment of posttraumatic chronic subdural hematomas]."', 'The paper presents the results of an integrated investigation of the interaction of adjacent foundations with the subsoil. A method is proposed for analyzing the settlement of adjacent foundations that arise as a result of their interaction. Comparison of the theoretical and experimental data demonstrated an acceptable reliability of the proposed method.']" != "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper:', 'Introduction Soil Properties and Lateral Earth Pressures Excavation Methods and Supporting System Lateral Earth Pressure Stability Analysis Stress and Deformation Analysis - Simplified Method Stress and Deformation Analysis - Beam on Elastic Foundation Method Stress and Deformation Analysis - Finite Element Method Dewatering of Excavations Design of Structural Components Excavation and Protection of Adjacent Buildings Monitoring System']"

Question: Method and device for producing steel strip

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The invention relates to a method and to a device for producing a steel strip, in particular a steel strip having a bainitic microstructure, such as for example a spring steel strip or a punching tool, wherein the steel strip is made to pass continuously through the following treatment steps: austenitization of the steel strip at a first temperature above the austenitization temperature; quenching of the steel strip, by means of a gaseous quenchant, to a lower, second temperature selected in accordance with a desired steel microstructure. According to the invention, the gaseous quenchant is conducted onto the steel strip in such a manner that uniform cooling is achieved over the width of the steel strip.

A process for preparing a millboard material for the manufacture of glass pulling roll, the millboard material through burning, reduce or eliminate to the maximum extent of the weight loss during operation. Also disclosed is a method of making and using such a pulling roll.


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Question: Anti-trash E-mail system based on artificial immunity model

An artificial immune system studied the principle and some fine features of a biological immune system.The idea of immunology was adopted to build an anti-trash E-mail model.All kinds of illegal E-mail and trash E-mail would be considered as viruses invading the system in this model,and to be recognized and eliminated automatically according to the mechanism of eliminating viruses by organism.The design idea and the key techniques of the model were discussed intensively.Its practicability was proved by experiments.

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Presently, the most wondrous and powerful cyber-attacks are Dos flooding and its DDoS variant. This type of attack is expected to reduce the availability of a service to its legitimate customers. one of the most effective methods for detecting this type of intrusion into a distributed environment is the mobile agent. In this paper, we present the mobile agent-based techniques most commonly used to resist Dos flooding attack; we also propose a new distributed Denial of service filter system based on mobile agent and Naive Bayesian Filter, finally we will implement our solution with python language using Anaconda, Jupyter and Jade tools to present our experimental results.


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Question: On the Approach to Improve Higher Vocational College Students' self-learning Ability ——Taking Law Affairs Specialty as an Example

Vocational students’ prevalent learning objectives are not clear, so their learning enthusiasm is not high which causes the problem of poor self-learning ability. To improve students' self-learning ability, first of all the favoring independent learning should be set up as the guidance to change the concepts of personnel training objectives and teaching mode; next bold and innovative teaching should be created for the necessary protection for independent learning; more importantly is to initiate an open, and relaxed classroom atmosphere in classroom teaching and in the whole process of education, gradually cultivate good habits of independent learning; besides, scientific and rational evaluation mechanisms should play an important role to improve students' self-learning ability.

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Question: Message design for mobile learning: Learning theories, human cognition and design principles

The demands of an increasingly knowledge-based society and the dramatic advances in mobilephonetechnologyarecombiningtospurthegrowthof mobilelearning(mLearning). However, for mLearning to attain its full potential, it is essential to develop pedagogyandinstructionaldesigntailoredtotheneedsof thisnewlearningenvironment.At present, there is a lack of research on message design for mLearning. Towards these ends, this paper explores the principles and processes of message design for mLearning, including the influence of learning and cognitive theories, human‐computer interaction principles, devices and methodologies. And it presents a number of practical guidelines for designing instructional messages for mLearning.

Various issues and practices related to computerized simulation are outlined, particularly in relation to the other papers in this special issue of SSCORE. These cover such aspects as learning as both pedagogy and research, the "philosophy" of simulation, the relations between and the relative prominence of simulation techniques and computer technology, and various problems related to modelling, design, evaluation, and assumptions. Keywords computerized simulation, computers, learning, modelling, pedagogy, research, simulation, simulation design, simware.


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Question: Luminescent Performances of Pure CsI Crystals

The optical transmission, X-ray excited emission, energy spectra and decay time characteristics were measured for pure CsI crystals grown by Stockbarger process. The results show thatthe crystals has two scintillation components: a fast component peaked at 310um with 40nsdecay time and a slow component at 450um with~2.4μs. The slow emission intensity is not stableand considerably thectcd by I- vacancy defects in the crystal. The intensity ratio of fast to slowcomponent obtAlNed is 91.8%.

OAK B204 Novel Glassy Nematic Liquid Crystals for Non-destructive Rewritable Optical Memory and Photonic Switching


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Question: Bilateral Netting and Contagion Dynamics in Financial Networks

The bilateral netting of mutual obligations is an institutional arrange- ment usually employed in payment systems to reduce settlement risks. In this paper we explore its advantages and pitfalls when applied to an inter- bank lending market, in which banks extend credit to nAƒAE’Aƒâ€°and borrow from nAƒAE’Aƒâ€°other banks to adjust their short-term liquidity needs. By recurring to computer simulations, we show that bilateral netting considerably reduce the potential for default cascades over an interbank network whenever the source of contagion is a negative shock to the assets of a randomly chosen bank. When the shock hits the liability side of the balance sheet nAƒAE’Aƒâ€°as a run on deposits nAƒAE’Aƒâ€°the role of a bilateral netting agreement in mitigating the risk of a systemic liquidity crisis depends critically on the topological characteristics of the interbank network, however.

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· Global Risk Management’s Emergence · The Contours of Financial Risk · Market Risk: Tools and Uses · Commodity Market · Currency Market · Fixed-Income Market · Equity Market · The Schism in Credit Risk Management · Credit Risk Management for Trading · Credit Risk Management for Traditional Lending · Market Risk in Portfolios · Simulation · Risk Management: The Vision and the Reality · The Global Risk Management Development Model · Developing GRM: What Works, What Doesn’t


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Question: Platelet aggregation by platelet-clumping substance.

Abstract The platelet-clumping substance isolated from rabbit plasma by the authors aggregated washed rabbit platelets, while ADP did not. The presence of AMP or adenosine did not inhibit the appearance of platelet aggregation induced by the clumping substance. Pretreatment of phosphoenol-pyruvate and pyruvate kinase on unwashed platelets did not affect the platelet aggregation by the clumping substance. It clumped human platelets and also shrimp thrombocytes. Electron microscopic findings showed that platelets to which the clumping substance was added aggregated in their original form as falt disc shapes with few pseudopods. While fusion of membrane was present, microtubules were observed in its regular form. These results showed the existence of a platelet-clumping substance in blood that is different from ADP, collagen, thrombin, adrenaline etc. and may play an important role in hemostasis and thrombogenesis.

The GAG types of the rat bone marrow erythroblastic islands were found to be similar to those of human macrophages. Activation of erythropoiesis with the erythropoietin induced an expression of heparin-sulfate.