Question: Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract

Question: Structural improvement of a control valve to prevent corrosion in acid gas treating plant pipeline: An experimental and computational analysis

Abstract A severe rupture of the carbon steel pipe next to a control butterfly valve caused a terrible explosion in real CO 2 removal plant of a petrochemical company. Using data from on-site acid gas treating plant, the valve shortcomings was investigated via experimental analysis and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology. Six various valve degree openings from θ = 5° to 60° was selected as the computational domains to clarify the link between localized corrosion thinning and the working fluid hydrodynamics. The high turbulence and rotational downstream flow can intensify the inhomogeneous deterioration of the surface in butterfly valve, due to its peculiar internal geometry. On this basis, an attempt was numerically made to improve the internal geometry of butterfly valve to avoid the high shear stress. Depending on the opening disk angle, the newly proposed model can reduce the wall shear stress by 20–90 times, that it is in favor of failure mitigation.

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Resin based glass fiber reinforced plastic piping systems have been in use for over 30 years in a variety of industrial purposes, e.g. cooling and potable water, crude oil, gas, etc. Glass fiber reinforced piping systems have considerable advantages over alternative materials for piping systems. This is mainly due to their high corrosion resistance. The use of GRP pipes is limited due to the lack of quality assurance. As with other piping systems the joint is the weakest point. The paper describes the effort made towards a better quality control and understanding of the failure through determination of acceptance criteria and development of nondestructive testing methods for adhesively bounded joints.


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Question: A novel two switch forward converter with two transformers and LLC circuit

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This paper proposes a novel two switch forward converter with two transformers and LLC circuit. The new topology is a combination of traditional dual switch forward converter and half bridge LLC resonance converter. It retains the main advantage of two switch forward converter, such as high reliability without shoot-through issues. It also allows the switches to operate with low voltage switching by LLC resonance so that it achieves many other advantages.

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The performance analysis of an AC-AC converter which is the combination of flyback rectifier with a bridgeless configuration and flyback inverter in a continuous conduction mode is discussed here. Compared to the basic bridge diode topology, the flyback rectifier with a bridgeless configuration can solve the problems related to conduction losses appearing in the primary side and improves the efficiency with a few circuit elements in place of bridge diodes. The flyback inverter which is operated in a continuous conduction mode (CCM) has lower peak currents and higher efficiencies. A comparative study of this modified circuit with the normal circuit arrangement having ac-dc converter and dc-ac inverter is presented. The simulation of the proposed model is implemented in MATLAB platform.


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Question: An Improved Spectral Subtraction Method Based on Multitaper Estimation

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For instance, <<['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title\n\n------\n\nFor instance, <<Can Benedict XVI strike a balance between Catholic doctrines and health? ::: ::: G iven that more than 37 million people world-wide are living with HIV,1 the late pope\'s opposition to the use of condoms attracted much criticism. Indeed, some critics blamed John Paul II directly for the loss of millions of lives from AIDS in Africa, where the Catholic church is flourishing; 2.3 million died in 2004 in sub-Saharan Africa alone. The new pope, Benedict XVI (formerly Joseph Ratzinger), also comes from the conservative wing of his church and is therefore very likely to endorse the encyclical of Pope Paul VI that bars Catholics from using any kind of artificial contraceptive.2 But what do we really know of his views on condom use and other medical and ethical issues? ::: ::: As a cardinal, Joseph Ratzinger led the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, an organisation descended from …>>  to "The new pope and medical ethics."', 'A large number of prokaryotes have been produced, so how to provide a means to describe and distinguish them accurately is becoming a key issue of prokaryotic taxonomy. We proposed an efficient algorithm to filter out most genome fragments that are horizontally transferred, and extracted a new genome vector (GV). To highlight the power of GV, we applied it to identify prokaryotes and their variable-size genome fragments. The result indicated that the new vector as species tags can accurately identify genome fragments as short as 3,000 bp at species level.']>>  to <<['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'A New Vector for Identification of Prokaryotes and Their Variable-Size Genomes']>>

In all speech enhancement methods,spectral subtraction,which is simply and efficient,is widely used.Usually,the periodogram method is used in spectral subtraction to estimate the speech signal′s power spectra.However,it has large and inaccurate variance which causes musical noise.The multitaper estimation has a lower variance.So the combination of multitaper estimation and spectral subtraction can reduce musical noise obviously.The experiment results also show that the multitaper method is better than the periodogram method in restraining musical noise,and improves the SNR by 1～2 dB.

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A. Filippidis, M. Russo, L.C. Jain: Novel Extension of ART2 in Surface Landmine Detection.- M. Blume: An Efficient Mapping of Fuzzy ART onto a Neural Architecture.- M. Blume, D.A. Van Blerkom: Fuzzy ARTMAP Modifications for Intersecting Class Distributions.- A.-H. Tan: Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory and Rules.- G. Bartfai, R. White: Incremental Learning and Optimization of Hierarchical Clusterings with ART-Based Modular Networks.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part I - Architectures and Algorithms.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part II - Applications.- T. Serrano-Gotarredona, B. Linares-Barranco: Adaptive Resonance Theory Microchips.


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Question: A perspective of the resource based relative value scale.

The authors address three issues associated with the implementation of the model proposed by Hsiao, et al. First, the mathematical model used and its underlying assumption, in particular as it relates to "time," is questioned. Second, the authors argue that measured rather than perceived (surveyed) data should be used whenever possible. This is particularly true for "time." Third, the authors raise the possibility that adjustments can and should be made based on the type and average complexity of examinations performed at different facilities. The potential implications of RBRVS reimbursement schemes on the practice of diagnostic radiology are significant and, once implement, they will be difficult to alter.

Analyze the basic theory, basic thoughts, model and implementation of the condition teaching of physics.


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Question: On strengthening the necessitousness and pressure of "Four-faith" education in the college at present

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our country is coming into a societal revolutionary period completely. With the socialistic market economy is established and developing, the ideological and political work is facing a new challenge, and appeared a "Four-faith" phenomenon. These are "belief crisis, persuasion coast, lack of confidence and trust',So, we need strengthen the "Four-faith" education, and explore a new way of the ideological and political work in the college. This is an important and necessitous moral education work's assignment.

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With "Hong lu gang gou Cup" Game in Changfeng country,Anhui province as the background,analysis of the significance and problems about developing sports in our rural areas.Actively explored the means for developing China's modernization sports,in order to provide power to promote the modernization sports of China's rural.


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Question: Coarctation of the aorta: A call for early detection.

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BACKGROUND:Early repair of coarctation of the aorta (COA) is associated with few perioperative complications and better long-term outcome. Therefore, early detection and treatment of COA patients i...

A description of the pathology, clinical presentation and management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia is given together with the results obtained in Newcastle during the last seven years. Some suggestions are made for improved management.


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Question: Multi-functional electric energy meter field calibrator design and implementation

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Due to lack of necessary tools and test equipment,time-error,demand-error,time of day-error etc of multi-functional electric energy meter,unable to test at the scene,this paper describes use DSP and FPGA calibration principle and methods of multi-functional electric energy meter.

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An open automatic test system was designed to overcome the conflict that the number of automatic testing systems is increasing but most of them cannot share the test platform.Modules and their functions of the open automatic test system were designed after the comparison of closed and open test systems.Then an open automatic test and calibration system was implemented and the modules for the automatic loading of testing programm and documents management were described,including their mechanism and interfaces.


Question: Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract

Question: Case Study No. 5: The Farmers Diner - eScholarship

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Example:
Provided: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The composition and working principle of sampling device is given, establishing the mathematical model. In view of the actual developed structure, the simulation calculation has carried according to actual value of corresponding system parameters. Simulation results is consistent with the experimental data and verified the correctness of the mathematical models. The influence of the start and stop characteristics and its speed stability is discussed when the parameters such as system set pressure, output flow, hose length is changed, obtaining the appropriate conclusions through a detailed theoretical analysis and researching experiment. The effect of the practical application is Illustrated']" Match: "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'Research on dynamic characteristics of sampling devices and its application']"

Developed by the UCSC Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems, this series of case studies focuses on the social and environmental efforts of innovative U.S. food system businesses across different geographies, scales, legal structures, and points along the food supply chain. While these represent only a handful of the thousands of socially and environmentally responsible food businesses across the nation, they have many features that others can learn from in developing sustainable businesses that incorporate the triple bottom line of people, planet, and profits.

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title For instance, <<['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'An online-browsing support system for research papers has been developed that extracts technical terms from a paper and presents links to useful pages such as those explaining the terms. A method to further use the extracted technical terms is proposed to recommend papers to a user that are related to the paper he or she is browsing. Specifically, the proposed method generates a bipartite graph consisting of papers retrieved by the extracted technical terms, which are called related papers, and technical terms appearing in these related papers. It then ranks the related papers using the HITS algorithm for analyzing the bipartite graph and recommends top-ranked papers to the user. The proposed method was compared with other recommendation methods in terms of effectiveness in an experiment.']>>  to <<['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Related paper recommendation to support online-browsing of research papers']>>

Resources of this guide were created to support: ::: Introduction to Public Health Communication and Marketing: PubH653.10


Question: Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract

Question: OpenSegSPIM: a user-friendly segmentation tool for SPIM data

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Summary: OpenSegSPIM is an open access and user friendly 3D automatic quantitative analysis tool for Single Plane Illumination Microscopy data. The software is designed to extract, in a user-friendly way, quantitative relevant information from SPIM image stacks, such as the number of nuclei or cells. It provides quantitative measurement (volume, sphericity, distance, intensity) on Light Sheet Fluorescent Microscopy images. Availability and implementation: freely available from http://www.opensegspim.weebly.com. Source code and binaries under BSD License. Contact: lgole@imcb.a-star.edu.sg or wmyu@imcb.a-star.edu.sg or sohail.ahmed@imb.a-star.edu.sg Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

This document describes the design, development and implementation details of the software package developed for real-time plotting of flight parameters for ELS.


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Question: More bushfires – another likely product of climate change

Each year, around five per cent of the Australian continent is burned by bushfire. With some fires, like the 1974/75 bushfires that razed 117 million hectares in the Northern Territory, the major cost is to our plant and animal life. With others there is also a substantial financial cost – the 2003 Canberra bushfires, for example, were estimated to have cost $300 million. ::: This latter statistic has remained remarkably stable for about a century, but now, as the effects of greenhouse-related climate change have begun to be seen in Australia and elsewhere around the globe, there is a growing concern that new weather patterns will actually increase the likelihood of bushfires across our dry continent.

Semantic arguments about the definition of 'tipping points' are distracting attention away from the causes and impacts of climate change in the Arctic.


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Question: Syntheses of Acridones via Copper(II)-Mediated Relay Reactions from o-Aminoacetophenones and Arylboronic Acids.

The reaction of o-aminoacetophenones and arylboronic acids catalyzed by copper(II) salts in the presence of pyridine under an O2 atmosphere provides a general and efficient one-pot preparation of biologically interesting acridones. This relay reaction comprises an intermolecular Suzuki cross-coupling, intramolecular oxidative C(sp3)-H amination, and C(sp2)-H activation with simultaneous rearrangement of the generated isatin intermediates. This strategy tolerates both electron-donating and -withdrawing functionalities to afford various acridones in good to excellent yields.

This account relates our quest for effective syntheses of 3-acyltetramic acids and also presents examples of our group’s increasing audacity to tackle the more intricate structural varieties of this compound class. 1 Introduction 2 A New Wittig-Based Access to Tetramic Acids 3 3-Acyltetramic Acids with Linear Side Chains 4 3-Decalinoyltetramic Acids 5 O - and N -Glycosylated 3-Acyltetramic Acids 6 Macrocyclic 3-Acyltetramic Acids 7 Miscellaneous Reactions 8 Whither to go from Here?


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Question: Father and Adolescent Son Variables Related to Son's HIV Prevention

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fathers' influences and African American male adolescents' perceptions of self-efficacy to reduce high-risk sexual behavior. A convenience sample of 70 fathers was recruited from churches in a large metropolitan area in the South. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis indicated father-related factors and son-related factors were associated with 26.1% of the variance in son's self-efficacy to be abstinent. In the regression model greater son's perception of the communication of sexual standards and greater father's perception of his son's self-efficacy were significantly related to greater son's self-efficacy for abstinence. The second regression model with son's self-efficacy for safer sex as the criterion was not statistically significant. Data support the need for fathers to express confidence in their sons' ability to be abstinent or practice safer sex and to communicate with their sons regarding sexual issues and standards.

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Preface Exploring Offence Paralleling Behaviours in Incarcerated Offenders The Chinese Prison System for Female Offenders: A Case Study Social Control, Moral Panics & Prison: Social Harms Produced by the Myth of the New Hyper-Violent Girl Advancing the Study of Solitary Confinement Conducting Treatment in the Prison System: Rehabilitation Research Exploratory Study on Child Care in Prisons Violence Prevention Booster Program: Effects on Knowledge, Attitude, & Recidivism The Challenges of Re-entry from Prison to Society A Theoretical Assessment of the Impact of Unsafe Injecting Practices & Behavioral Change on the Dynamics of HCV & HIV within Correctional Institutions Index.


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Question: Use of two-particle entangled states to teleport unknown two-particle quantum state

This paper uses a special two-particle entangled state as a quantum channel to achieve invisibility unknown arbitrary two-particle quantum state teleportation. It makes contrast with Yuan, who makes use of χ-type entangled states to achieve two any unknown quantum state teleportation scheme. The scheme uses two sub-channels and Bell-based measurements, as well as special unitary operation successfully completing message teleportation. The program uses fewer resources,and the obtained probability of an original information is 1.

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We investigate the ability of Wigner function to reveal and measure general quantum correlations in two-qubit open system. For this purpose, we analyze comparatively their dynamics for two differen...


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Question: The International Association of Empirical Aesthetics Congress, Cardiff, 1983

Attention is drawn to the program of the Psychology of the Arts Conference held in Cardiff in 1983, which incorporated the eighth Congress of the International Association of Empirical Aesthetics. ...

Text contains revisions of papers presented at the Conference on Access to Justice which was held at the European University Institute in Florence, October 15-20, 1979


Question: Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about

Question: Library Guides: Cell & Molecular Biology Research Guide: Background Information

Use this research guide to access resources which are highly relevant for cell & molecular biology research and publication.

represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title Fewshot example: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The focus of this SciDAC SAP (Scientific Application) is the development and use of quantum simulations techniques to understand materials and nanostructures at the microscopic level, predict their physical and chemical properties, and eventually design integrated materials with targeted properties. (Here the word ‘materials’ is used in a broad sense and it encompasses different thermodynamic states of matter, including solid, liquids and nanostructures.) Therefore our overarching goal is to enable scientific discoveries in the field of condensed matter and advanced materials through high performance computing.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Quantum Simulations of Materials and Nanostructures (Q-SIMAN). Final Report']"

Use this guide to find resources related to College of Education First and Second Year Seminars Videos, Handouts, Tutorials


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Question: Effect of whole pituitary extract on the corpuscles of stannius in Notopterus notopterus (Pallas).

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E.g. ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'A method for segmentation of detected masses in digital mammograms is introduced. The method is based on gray scale mathematical morphology. In a preprocessing step, image enhancement based on a local histogram technique is applied, followed by a morphological smoothing operation. The watershed transform is then applied to the gradient of the smoothed image resulting in segmented regions. A good segmentation is important in order to be able to extract useful feature measures from the segmented regions. These feature measures can be input to a classifier which classifies each region as either a mass or a false detection. Initial experiments have been performed using mammograms from the MIAS database. Results of the experimental study indicate that our scheme can provide useful contour extraction for mass structures'] == ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about:', 'Watershed segmentation of detected masses in digital mammograms']

Administration of pituitary extract brings important change in the cells of the corpuscles of stannius. Two variety of cells are found in the corpuscles of stannius of control group, one with dense cytoplasm while the other possess non-reactive cytoplasm. Under the influence of whole pituitary extract, there is an intense cell activity in corpuscles of stannius suggesting more synthesis of hypocalcemic factor. Other possible reasons like stimulation of interrenal, thereby activating corpuscles of stannius have also been discussed. The possible involvement of ACTH or cortisol and synergistic effect of prolactin in promotion of hypercalcemia have also been suggested.

A checklist of protozoa parasitizing fishes in the Volga basin is given. The checklist includes host species names for the each parasite and data on the occurrence of parasites in different parts of the Volga basin. The data on parasitic protozoa from 52 fish species are presented. The list containes 224 species and 10 subspecies names of the parasites. 9 species (Trypanosoma gracilis, Eimeria cheni, E. sinensis, Zschokkella striata, Chloromyxum cyprini, Myxobolus amurensis, M. driagini, M. pavlovskii, and Balantidium ctenopharyngodoni) were introduced into the Volga basin from the Amur basin along with acclimatizated fishes.


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Question: Optimisation of parasitic insensitive switched capacitor biquads

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A powerful technique is described for the optimisation of parasitic insensitive switched capacitor (SC) biquads. The proposed method minimises the total capacitance and the component spread necessary for realising a 2nd-order transfer function by a parasitic insensitive SC network. The increase in the network insensitivities due to the minimisation of the total capacitance is controlled by multiple criteria optimisation techniques. The method allows the optimisation to be performed with a variable network topology without, however, requiring large computational times. The number of components in the final network is limited and the dynamic range of the filter is also controlled. An example is given which demonstrates the possibility of considerable design improvement by using the proposed technique.

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This paper presents a new type of voltage regulators based on the power R-gyrators concept. Also, the semigyrator notion is introduced. Power R-semigyrators based in boost and boost-shunt converter are presented. Finally, voltage regulation is achieved with both types of semigyrators.


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Question: INHERITANCE, CONTACT AND CHANGE IN THE NEW GUINEA HIGHLANDS EVIDENTIALITY AREA

The Highlands of Papuan New Guinea is the location ofSprachbund that includes at least fourteen languages from six language families with grammaticized evidentiality . As with other linguistic features in New Guinea, evidentiality has spread across genealogical boundaries through repeated language contact. In this paper, we examine likely paths of development of the various subsystems and the spread of evidentiality as a whole . The evidence presented here points toward the Engan language family as the most likely source for at least some of the evidential markers and distinctions found in the region , supporting previous s uggestions by other researchers.

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WITH COMMENTS BY MARC SCHREIBER AND BERNARD GENET ON THE EFFECTS OF THE ELECTION ON INLAND WATER TRANSPORTATION, SPECIFICALLY THE RHINE-RHONE CANAL.


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Question: Extending Extreme Learning Machine with Combination Layer

We consider the Extreme Learning Machine model for accurate regression estimation and the related problem of selecting the appropriate number of neurons for the model. Selection strategies that choose "the best" model from a set of candidate network structures neglect the issues of model selection uncertainty. To alleviate the problem, we propose to remove this selection phase with a combination layer that takes into account all considered models. The proposed method in this paper is the Extreme Learning Machine(Jackknife Model Averaging), where Jackknife Model Averaging is a combination method based on leave-one-out residuals of linear models. The combination approach is shown to have better predictive performance on several real-world data sets.

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These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Piecewise Linear in rates Lyapunov functions for Complex Reaction Networks

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Piecewise-Linear in Rates (PWLR) Lyapunov functions are introduced for a class of Complex Reaction Networks (CRNs). In addition to their simple structure, these functions are robust with respect to arbitrary monotone reaction rates, of which mass-action is a special case. The existence of such functions ensures the convergence of trajectories towards equilibria, and guarantee their asymptotic stability with respect to the corresponding stoichiometric compatibility class. We give the definition of these Lyapunov functions, present their basic properties, and provide algorithms for constructing them. Examples are provided, relationship with consensus dynamics are discussed, and future directions are elaborated.

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We have given an algorithm to obtain the simplest form of containing n symbols Mi following formula: which is very useful in Discrete Event Dynamic Systems.


Question:
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------

Examples:
'['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Solid-phase radioimmunoassay in antibody-coated tubes for the quantitative determination of tetanus antibodies']' == '['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'A technique using antibody-coated tubes allows the radioimmunological determination of tetanus antibodies in a simple and rapid way. The procedure is based on the competition for125I-tetanus toxin between the insolubilized antibodies and the antibodies present in the unknown sample. When antibodies and125I labeled tetanus toxin are incubated in the antibody-coated polyethylene vessel the detection limit is about 0.016 IU/ml. When tetanus toxin is preincubated together with its antibody in uncoated vessels before the mixture is transferred to antibody-coated vessels, the sensitivity can be raised about tenfold.']' != '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Nitrocellulose membranes were used as carriers of antigen for rapid screening of specific monoclonal antibodies or as carriers of the monoclonal antibody (in a crude form) for a simple and economic determination of isotype of the antibody by a modification of enzymoimmunoassay.']'

Question: Lotman’s Semiosphere, Peirce’s Signs, and Cultural Processes

This paper brings Lotman’s semiotic space to bear on Peirce’s concept of the sign with respect to broad cultural processes. Consideration of cultural processes in the Peircean mode calls for an extension of Lotman’s pair of terms, primary and secondary modeling systems, in view of Peirce’s notion of the sign as triadic. As a consequence of this extension, the premise in this inquiry has it that: (1) triadic signs within complex cultural processes are interdependent, interrelated and interactive, (2) triadic signs make up an interconnected, contradictory complementary convergent whole, which is inconsistent and/or incomplete, depending upon the cultural context, (3) inconsistency and incompleteness are of the nature of Peirce’s vagueness and generality respectively, the first being chiefly of the nature of the category of Firstness and the second chiefly of the nature of Thirdness, (4) the role of Secondness unfolds through acts of selection from the possibilities of Firstness, such acts of selection invol...

Preface - Is a Decalogue of Signs Really Necessary? - Talking With or Past Each Other? - How General Are the Ten Signs? - Sense, Sign, Consortium - The Possible Advertising Media Liar - What, Then, Is Semiosis? - The Scandal of the Senses - The Body: Storehouse of Signs - The Decalogue Viewed from the World of the Senses - More Than Words Can Tell - Signs, Signifiers, Simulacra: Linguicentrism - Media, Message, Sign: An Inseparable Trio - A Semiotics for Everyday Life - Into the Postmodern Maelstrom of Semiosis - When What Is, Is Not What Is - References - Index


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Question: Transmission line model (TLM) method study of nanostructural AuGeNi/n-GaAs ohmic contact layer for different substrate deposition temperature

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Because of the importance of ohmic contact in semiconductor devices, in this study, AuGeNi thin films were depositedby thermal evaporation technique at substrate deposition temperaturefrom 80 °C to 230 °C andannealed at the same conditions. Thencontact resistivity and surface morphology was investigated. Surface morphology was investigatedby Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The compositions of different zones have been determined by use of x- ray Energy-Dispersive Spectrum (EDS) analysis. Contact resistivity of the samples is measured using a conventional Transmission Line model (TLM) method. So from the I–V curves and the other mentioned analysis results, it is concluded that the sample which was deposited at 180°C indicates the best electrical and morphological properties.

Germanium lasing from Ge-on-Si pnn heterojunction diode structures is demonstrated. Selective growth of highly phosphorus doped Ge in oxide trenches shows a design for CMOS compatible laser integration.


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Question: Bacillus subtilis bacteria hinder the oxidation and hydrolysis of Fe2+ ions.

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Bacteria are known to associate closely with secondary iron oxides in natural environments, but it is still unclear whether they catalyze their precipitation. Here, Fe2+ ions were progressively added to various concentrations of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in permanently oxic conditions while maintaining the pH at 6.5 by adding a NaOH solution at a monitored rate. The iron/ bacteria precipitates were characterized by wet chemistry, SEM, and XRD. Abiotic syntheses produced nanolepidocrocite, and their kinetics displayed a strong autocatalytic effect. Biotic syntheses led to the formation of tiny and poorly crystallized particles at intermediate bacterial concentrations and to a complete inhibition of particle formation at high bacterial concentrations. The occurrence of the autocatalytic effect was delayed and its intensity was reduced. Both the oxidation and the hydrolysis of Fe2+ ions were hindered.

Oxalic acid is found in a wide variety of plants. This study showed that oxalic acid suppressed in vitro lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, oxalic acid reduced the rate of ascorbic acid oxidation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and Cu(2+). These results suggest that oxalic acid is available as a natural antioxidant.


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Question: Negative mode nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry for detection of phosphorylated metabolites

represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title To give you a sense - "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The Kerov–Kirillov–Reshetikhin (KKR) bijection gives one-to-one correspondences between the set of highest paths and the set of rigged configurations. In this paper, we give a crystal theoretic reformulation of the KKR map from the paths to rigged configurations, using the combinatorial R and energy functions. This formalism provides a tool for analysis of the periodic box-ball systems.']" should be close to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'A crystal theoretic method for finding rigged configurations from paths']"

The chemical complexity of the metabolome requires the development of new detection methods to enlarge the range of compounds detectable in a biological sample. Recently, a novel matrix-free laser desorption/ionization method called nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS) [Northen et al., Nature 449(7165):1033–1036, 2007] was reported. Here we investigate NIMS in negative ion mode for the detection of endogenous metabolites, namely small phosphorylated molecules. 3-Aminopropyldimethylethoxysilane was found to be suitable as initiator for the analytes studied and a limit of detection in the tens of femtomoles was reached. The detection of different endogenous cell metabolites in a yeast cell extract is demonstrated.

In this paper we outline two current studies on phosphatidylinositol synthase in mammalian pancreas. Progress on the solubilization, stabilization, and purification of phosphatidylinositol synthase from dog pancreas microsomal membranes is reviewed, and the modylation of phosphatidylinositol synthase activity by Li+ -induced changes in inositol levels in dispersed mouse pancreas acinar cells is discussed.


Question: represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about E.g. '['Represent text', 'Recent Advances in Research of IP Traceback']' == '["represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title\n\n------\n\nFor example, 'The characteristic patterns of leakage photon energy spectra have been measured around research reactors and compared among them. Although there were some differences in the types of the reactors, it was difficult to find significantly their differences among the leakage photon spectra.The spectra obtained around these reactors were different from those in the natural environment. From the same spirit as that of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, it is recommended that the dose data are accompanied by some additional spectra, if it was different from those in the natural environment.Conceptual systems with a NaI true spectrum method for environmental surveillances are given.' should be close to 'PHOTON ENERGY SPECTRA IN THE VICINITY OF NUCLEAR REACTORS'", 'With the developing of information society,applications of Internet have become one of the most important ways of communication.However,network security has become increasingly prominent.Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) attack is one of the most threatening problems among the network security issues.IP Traceback technology is an important way to monitor and defense DDoS attacks,and locating the source of network attack plays a positive role in real-time blocking,isolating attacks,providing legal evidence and deterring the attacker and creating safe and reliable network environment,etc.This paper describes the latest research of IP traceback approaches,and compares different algorithms with each other.Finally,the existing problems and future developments in the area of IP traceback research are discussed.']' != '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Abstract : Partial contents: Persistent ISR Study Objective, Persistence Defined, Modeling & Simulation, Measures of Effectiveness, Architecture Design Search, Summary.']'

Question: Deposit Insurance and Banking Reform in Russia

The objective of this paper is not to review the pros and cons of deposit insurance systems, but to focus, rather narrowly, on the recent adoption of a deposit insurance system (DIS) in Russia, the rationale offered, and the potential impact it might have on the stability and development of the Russian banking system. An attempt is made to draw some lessons from the implementation experience in Russia. The paper starts with a brief description of the Russian DIS, followed by an overview of the banking system's structure and some observations on the sequencing followed for adopting the DIS and the political economy of its adoption. It concludes with a discussion of areas requiring attention.

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· Global Risk Management’s Emergence · The Contours of Financial Risk · Market Risk: Tools and Uses · Commodity Market · Currency Market · Fixed-Income Market · Equity Market · The Schism in Credit Risk Management · Credit Risk Management for Trading · Credit Risk Management for Traditional Lending · Market Risk in Portfolios · Simulation · Risk Management: The Vision and the Reality · The Global Risk Management Development Model · Developing GRM: What Works, What Doesn’t


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Question: From adding to integration:a new trend in curriculum reform in Chinese basic education

There are two main models in curriculum organization reform: adding and integration. In current Chinese basic education reform, curriculum concepts, content and organization have changed over the recently years. One emerging characteristic is the trend to move from the practice of adding new subjects and content to the concern of how to integrate curriculum content into cross-curriculum themes and programs of study. This paper summarizes this characteristic, and analyzes the reasons for this change of emphasis in curriculum content and structure reform. Finally, based on the analysis, the author further discusses the several aspects which deserve our attention and deep thought when adopting the model of intergration.

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Legislative education can help enhance the legal and moral statures of the school students.This paper,therefore,explores over approaches to the legal education for the Tibetan students at midland schools,in order to improve the communal construction of legal education.


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Question: Prompting Students' Personality Development Through Affective Education in Biology Teaching

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Affective education is a feasible way to prompt personality development of students.Integration of affective education with the teaching of biology by way of tapping the sense of morality,reason and aesthetics in the course does much good to the cultivation of students' sense of social responsibility,obligation,self-esteem and self-confidence,discerning and appreciation of beauty and in the end prompts their personality development.

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@contents: Why and How Should I Teach Science to Children? How Do Children Construct an Understanding of Science? How Do I Establish Relevance to Students' Lives? How Do I Support Students in Designing & Carrying Out Investigations? How Can I Support Students in Making Sense of Data? How Can I Use Learning Technologies to Support Student Inquiry? How Do I Develop Collaboration in the Science Classroom? What Instructional Strategies Can I Use to Support Student Inquiry? Why Do We Assess Students in Science? How is Student Understanding Assessed? How Do I Manage the Project-Based Science Classroom? How Do I for a Project-Based Classroom? What are the Next Steps?


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Question: Characterization and flocculation mechanism of an alkali-activated polysaccharide flocculant from Arthrobacter sp. B4.

The characterization and flocculation mechanism of a bioflocculant produced by Arthrobacter sp. B4 were investigated. The bioflocculant's active ingredient was a polysaccharide (B4-PS) that consisted of three main fractions corresponding to the molecular weights of approximately 3.97×10(4)Da, 6.84×10(3)Da and 5.9×10(6)Da, respectively. These fractions were composed of galactose, glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid. Flocculation experiments showed that B4-PS could spontaneously flocculate in the presence of Ca(2+) ions at a high pH (>12.0), followed by the pH reduction to ∼6.0. The self-flocculation of B4-PS may be mediated by ionization and charge neutralization mechanism. Furthermore, B4-PS exhibited excellent capabilities for pollutant removal and pH reduction in alkaline wastewater. These data suggest B4-PS may be a promising tool for use in industrial alkaline wastewater pretreatment.

ABSTRACTIn this study, the interaction between extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and tetracycline during sorption onto anaerobic ammonium-oxidising (anammox) sludge was investigated. The res...


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Question: Characteristic of the Components in the Construction "把+O+VR+L"

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In the construction "把+O+VR+L",the absence of "把"(Ba) is closely related to its animacy and controllability.Being influenced by the genre,short chunk forms the dominant part of the object.The semantic features of verbs are different.The semantic of location in the construction is different and this will influence the looming of the location.

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The International Journal of Arts Education 59 A Research of Art Action Curriculum which Applied Problem-Based Learning Strategy for Building Civil Aesthetic of Universities’ Students InJAE 5.2 © NTAEC 2007


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Question: Optimum rational versions of effective rotational Hamiltonian operator of the symmetric top-type molecule

The construction of optimum versions of a rational expansion of the effective rotational Hamiltonian operator for symmetric top-type molecules in a non-degenerate vibrational state is considered, using as an example molecules with a point group symmetry C3v. The high efficiency of the optimum versions obtained has been demonstrated when applied to the rotational spectrum of PH3 in its ground state.

We show that metastable states in Winter model can be related to the eigenstates of a particle in a box by means of renormalization and mixing.


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Question: Etching process for structuring the surface

This invention relates to an etching method for selectively introducing structures in the surfaces of various substrates. A preferred embodiment relates to the surface texturing of glass or glass-ceramic substrates. The method provides to structure surfaces using an etching mask. The etching mask allows the production of very fine structures on the substrate surfaces with liquid etchants. Here, the etching mask is formed on the substrate. According to the invention are also the so-structured substrates and the etching masks.

Apparatus and method for depositing into the surface and the thin hole of the substrate material of the thin substrate material and the solid carbon at atmospheric pressure is provided.


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Question: Color tunable phosphorescence in KY3F10:Tb3+ for x-ray or cathode-ray tubes

We report a persistent phosphor of KY3(1−x)Tb3xF10 (KY3F10:xTb3+) synthesized by solid-state reaction for x-ray or cathode-ray tubes. The phosphorescence consists of a group of blue and green emission lines originating from D53→F7J and D54→F7J transitions of Tb3+, respectively. The phosphorescent emitting color can be tuned from blue to green by gradually increasing Tb3+ concentrations, which is attributed to the enhanced D53-D54 relaxation through the cross relaxation between two Tb3+ ions, as described by of (D53,F76)-(D54,F70). The Tb3+ concentration dependent phosphorescence spectra are well simulated based on the analysis of luminescence dynamical processes using the Judd–Ofelt theory and rate equations concerning the D53 and D54 levels. The energy charge and release pattern of the phosphor are presented and a 10% decay time is 29 s. The measurement of the thermoluminescence glow curve gives convincing evidence for the traps analysis.

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E.g. ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', "Demographic change causes an undersupply of financial old age benefits within the statutory pay-as-you-go pension system in Germany. Therefore, the provision of occupational as well as private pensions has to be enhanced. However, there seems to be an undersupply of occupational pension provision particularly in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Using survey data of the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) and the German SAVE survey, the present paper studies econometrically the determinants of occupational pension provision in Germany. It shows that occupational pensions depend not only on supply-side factors such as firm size and industry, but also on demand-side factors such as individual sociodemo-graphic attributes and people's savings motives."] == ['', 'What determines supply and demand for occupational pensions in Germany']

Extending our recent insights in two-electron transfer microscopic mechanisms for a Tl-III/Tl-I redox system, the electrochemical response of glassy carbon electrode in acidified solutions of Tl-II ...


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Question: Specifying queries as relational expressions

SQUARE (Specifying Queries As Relational Expressions) is a set oriented data sublanguage for expressing queries (access, modification, insertion, and deletion) to a data base consisting of a collection of time-varying relations. The language mimics how people use relations or tables to obtain information. It does not require the sophisticated mathematical machinery of the predicate calculus (bound variables, quantifiers, etc.) in order to express simple references to tables. However, the language has been shown to be complete, i.e., any query expressible in the predicate calculus is expressible in SQUARE.

This thesis discusses design, architecture, and application of a universal query language embedded in Java. Utilizing various design patterns and Java’s polymorphism, the current result is a preprocessor that will convert an embedded language into compilable Java. The resulting Java utilizes a back–end developed for the queried data structure, capable of querying that structures internal data.


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Question: Increasing competitiveness of service companies: developing conceptual models for implementing Lean Management in service companies

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For instance, <<['represent', "In order to make up the defects of the traditional hierarchical algorithm on inadequate consideration of the travelers' habits in the computation of planar shortest path algorithm,an optimization strategy named weighted hierarchical road network based on the traditional hierarchical algorithm was proposed in the paper.In this strategy,an analytic hierarchy process was firstly utilized to calculate the weights of each selected road property,based on the combination of which the weight of a road was also determined accordingly.Subsequently the hierarchical threshold was used to stratify the road network.At last,a two-way A Star algorithm was used to obtain the final shortest path.Compared with the traditional method,the weighted hierarchical strategy could significantly consider the travelers' travel habits,and be applicable for the optimal path algorithm in the path navigation with feasibility and practicability."]>>  to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'An optimal path algorithm based on weighted hierarchical road network']"

Lean management is a philosophy focused on identifying and eliminating waste throughout a product’s entire value stream. It originates from the manufacturing system of Japanese automotive manufactu ...

Most managers know that process-risk mapping is essential in enterprise design so as to obtain better understanding and management practices. Organizations need an effective and robust process of management that is less sensitive to changes in the business environment. The main purpose of this paper is the integration of process mapping and risk mapping, with a case study applied in an Algerian company in the oil and gas industry.


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Question: An evaluation circuit for fundamental and harmonically tuned GaAs devices

A coaxial test circuit for GaAs devices has been developed which completely isolates the fundamental and second harmonic. Independent tuning is possible, and for certain devices the CW output power may be increased by a factor of 5 or 6 above the power obtained in the normal cavity controlled Gunn mode.

Abstract The development and applications of LiNbO3 optical guided-wave modulators is reviewed. These devices are single-mode waveguide versions of Mach-Zehnder interferometers and are formed by diffusion of Ti into LiNbO3. Optical circuits which contain modulator arrays are under development for applications in high-speed analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion, picosecond sampling, optical logic, frequency modulation and optical temperature sensing. In addition, it is shown that the modulators are effective devices to evaluate waveguide characteristics, in particular the properties of proton-exchanged guides.


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Question: A Study of Lawrence's Life Consciousness from the Perspective of Lady Chatterlay's Lover

As a modern writer with life consciousness,D.H.Lawrence embraced a broad vision and delved into the spiritual predicament of modern mankind.In his works,Lawrence managed to give due priority to and considerations on life,which is reflective of his consciousness of modern humankind and human life.By sampling Lady Chatterlay's Lover,this paper attempts to expound on Lawrence's interest in and considerations on life in terms of life reality,human spirit and social advancement in his works.

Introduction: The Problem of Writing and Nature for Jung and Evolution. The Problem of the Body In/Out of Nature for Jane Austen and Seamus Heaney. The Problem of Heaven and Hell for Emily Bronte. Re-figuring Evolution for Children's Literature. Hunting Signs with the Trickster Detectives. Shakespeare's Magical Power. The Writer and the Underworld.


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Question: Fetoscopic Repair of Meningomyelocele.

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BACKGROUND ::: Currently, maternal-fetal surgery for repair of myelomeningocele requires an upper-segment hysterotomy, which likely increases maternal postsurgical risks. If fetoscopic repair of myelomeningocele achieves similar or better fetal outcomes while decreasing maternal risks, it would be a better option. ::: ::: ::: CASE ::: A patient with a fetus with a L3-S1 meningomyelocele underwent a laparotomy and fetoscopic repair using a two-port, in-CO2 approach at 23 2/7 weeks of gestation. The neonate was delivered at 30 6/7 weeks of gestation by lower segment cesarean delivery and required no further surgery, has not needed a shunt (5 months), and has normal, age-appropriate neurologic function. ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSION ::: This innovative fetoscopic approach may offer an alternative to open fetal surgery and may prevent the need for hysterotomy and cesarean delivery in index and subsequent pregnancies.

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Abstract : Contents: Historical Perspective; Treatment Goals; Anatomic Illustrations; Early Care; Triage and Patient Evaluation; Hypovolemic Shock Presurgical Considerations; Surgical Management; Care at Intermediate Facilities, Late Care (Reconstruction-Rehabilitation); Bone Graft Reconstruction; Preprosthetic Surgery; Case Reports; and Research in Acquired Craniofacial Disfigurement.


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Question: Neutron, electron and X-ray beams used for radiation research from a Van de Graaf generator

Abstract The Van de Graaf generator of the Medical Research Council at Hammersmith Hospital, has been used for radiation research for the past ten years. Details of its special design are given. The accelerator provides neutron, electron and X-radiations up to energies of 2 MeV. High intensity outputs are possible with beam currents of several hundred microamperes. The conversion from an output of neutrons to an output of X-rays is accomplished within a few minutes. Methods of dosimetry are discussed for the delivery of defined doses of either of these radiations for studies in chemical, biological and pathological research. Examples of the versatility of the accelerator output, together with some of the published work are included.

Smart*Light is a planned Dutch tabletop light source based on Inverse Compton Scattering (ICS) for medical imaging, material science and the study of artwork. Key features are compact X-band accelerators, different modes of operation for the X-ray beam and a novel design process. Article not available.


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Given ['', 'A Comparative Study on Machine Learning Classification Models for Activity Recognition'], a positive would be ['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Activity Recognition (AR) systems are machine learning models developed for cell-phones and smart wearables to recognize various real-time human activities such as walking, standing, running and biking. In this paper, the performance (accuracy and computational time) of several well-known supervised and unsupervised learning models including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbors’, Naive Base, ’Decision Tree’ and Random Forest are examined on a dataset. It is shown that Random Forest model outperforms other models with accuracy over 99 percent. It is shown that PCA significantly improved the performance of Artificial Neural Network with one hidden layer and SVM models in both accuracy and time, while PCA showed to have negative impacts on Random Forest or Decision Tree models by increasing the running time and decreasing the prediction accuracy.'] & a negative would be ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.']

Question: Progress towards, and challenges for, the elimination of filariasis from Pacific-island communities.

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The Pacific Programme for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (PacELF) — the first regional campaign to attempt to eliminate filariasis as a public-health problem — is using five annual mass drug administrations (MDA) of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) plus albendazole to stop transmission. In 2001 nine countries and territories covered by the programme had begun annual MDA campaigns with population treatment coverages ranging from 52% to 95%. By the end of 2002 it is anticipated that 11 countries/territories will have begun such MDA campaigns. Even with high MDA coverage the efficiency of Aedes polynesiensis as a vector of Wuchereria bancrofti may limit the effectiveness of the elimination campaigns in some countries. In areas of limited MDA coverage additional strategies such as vector control (as a adjunct to the MDA) or alternative approaches such as the use of DEC-fortified salt may be necessary to stop transmission. (excerpt)

Malaria is a global health problem, affecting millions of people annually. According to the World Malaria Report 2015, there were 214 million new cases of malaria globally (range 149 - 303 million) with an estimated mortality of 438,000 (range 236,000 - 635,000). The vast majority of the cases occur in the WHO African Region (88%), with the rest being in the WHO South East Asian Region (10%) and the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (2%). Malaysia is experiencing sporadic outbreaks of malaria due to influx of foreign workers from neighboring countries and failure to take antimalarial prophylaxis amongst travellers. The aim of the review is to increase the awareness among the healthcare professionals on the increasing prevalence of malaria especially among migrant workers. Currently our health screening program for migrant workers does not include screening for malaria.


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Question: Method for fabricating large area, self-supporting semiconductor material with wide forbidden band

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Purpose of the method is to solve issues such as high defect density, a great lot cracks, and too small thickness of epitaxy material etc. existed in current technique for preparing semiconductor material with wide forbidden band. Technical scheme is as following: first, preparing SOI structure on silicon chip; next, using photo etching, epitaxy technique to fabricate insular buffer layer on SOL of SOI structure so as to form flexible substrate with dual buffers; then, epitaxial developed semiconductor material on the said substrate; afterwards, peeling off flexible substrate with dual buffers or SOI structure layer under epitaxial developed semiconductor material; finally, forming needed large area self supported semiconductor material with wide forbidden band. The invention can release high stress between epitaxy material and silicon chip material caused by crystal lattice mismatch and heat mismatch. The method is applicable to preparing SiC, GaN materials etc.

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Corona poling of a multilayered stack of phosphorus-doped and undoped silica glass layers on a fused silica substrate results in the formation of two 8 μm-wide nonlinear regions located near both surfaces of the sample.


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Question: The Returns to Sheep Research in Canada: 1968-1984

The returns to Canadian federal sheep research expenditures between 1968 and 1984 are estimated using the economic surplus approach. Ex post and ex ante measures of the change in producers' surplus are compared. Regression analysis is used to estimate the lag structure of the effects of research on the national supply function, facilitating the estimation of returns on average and at the margin. The effect of the excess burden of tax collection on returns to sheep research was investigate􀀚 The internal rate of return to sheep research was found to be about·25% at the margin exclusive of the effects of the excess burden. This rate of return fell to 20% when the costs of an excess burden of 20c on the dollar was assumed.

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Issues and Trends Service Employment and Income: a Survey of the Literature Sampling Design and Model Specification The Impact of Service Sector Employment on Income The Mid-Atlantic Region from 1969 to 1979 A National Study of the Impact of Service Sector Employment on Wages: Rural and Urban Counties During the 1980s Summary, Conclusions, and Policy Implications Appendixes Bibliography Index


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Question: Throughput-Delay Trade-off Scheduling in Multi-channel Downlink Wireless Networks

This paper designs a down-link resource scheduling algorithm for wireless cellular networks to achieve throughput-delay trade-off. The available bandwidth of the down-link is divided into some parallel sub-channels, and each sub-channel can be allocated to one potential user in every time-slot. This problem is modeled as a multi-user multi-server discrete-time queuing system with a time-varying connectivity. For this system, it is well-known that the classical MaxWeight algorithm has the optimal throughput, but its delay performance is very poor. To overcome this issue, we use the Lyapunov Optimization technique to design a throughput-utility maximizing algorithm that provides a good trade-off between the throughput and delay performance. Our approach is verified by both theoretical analysis and simulation evaluations.

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Shared-Path Protection for Resource Efficiency.- Sub-Path Protection for Scalability and Fast Recovery.- Segment Protection for Bandwidth Efficiency and Differentiated Quality of Protection.- Survivable Traffic Grooming-Dedicated Protection.- Survivable Traffic Grooming-Shared Protection.- Survivable Virtual Concatenation for Data Over Sonet/Sdh.


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Question: The effect of canyon aspect ratio on flushing of dense pollutants from an isolated street canyon.

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This study presents an experimental investigation of the effect of canyon aspect ratio on the dense pollutant removal from a street canyon by a turbulent overflow. Four series of experiments for different aspect ratios (η=0.45, 0.75, 1, 2) were conducted for a range of Richardson numbers. The qualitative and quantitative results are discussed and compared. Increasing the Richardson number and decreasing the canyon aspect ratio resulted in an increasingly strong stratification within the canyon and longer trapping times for the pollutant. The aspect ratio strongly affects the initial flushing mechanics and subsequent flow regime within the canyon. Narrower street canyons limit the width of large-scale vortices in the canyon and hence reduce vertical mixing. Based on the initial Richardson number, for all geometric configurations, three different flow regimes were observed in the canyon. The Richardson number at which there is a transition between these regimes is a function of the canyon geometry.

A two-dimensional flow model of an incompressible fluid with constant viscosity has been used to study the changes in the large-scale flow pattern (aspect ratio 4). Implications for convection in the Earth's mantle are discussed.


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Question: Test cost saving and challenges in the implementation of /spl times/6 and /spl times/8 parallel testing on freescale 16-bit HCS12 microcontroller product family

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One of the pressing issues faced by the semiconductor industry today is the cost of testing, especially on the low cost and high volume microcontroller (MCU) supply to automotive market. This paper describes the general consideration and justification made on the investment of tester, handler and device interface board (DIB) to enable the /spl times/6 and /spl times/8 multi-site testing on the 80 and 112pin counts 16-bit HCS12 MCU in quad flat pack (QFP) package and the associate test cost reduction and tester saving estimation. Test issue encounter on the first spin of /spl times/6 and /spl times/8 DIB and how it was resolved through re-design of the DIB also is presented. This finding also provide the PCS designer the valuable information on the constraint of trace length and component layout one need to take into consideration when design a multi-site DIB use for high speed MCU testing to avoid AC or DC test failure induced by excessive capacitive loading and resistance drop over signal trace on the DIB.

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TMS320C6201 is a high capacity digital and signal processing unit produced by America TI company This paper describes how to realize MPEG4 video coding on TIs high performance DSP TMS320C6201 The architecture of coding, algorithm, memeoy distribute and a series of optimizing schemes are presented


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Question: Efficient extraction method of ulva polysaccharide

The invention discloses an efficient extraction method of ulva polysaccharide. According to the method, extraction is carried out in a microwave heating manner. Compared with a traditional heating or ultrasonic extracting treatment mode, the extraction method has the advantages that the yield is improved, the energy consumption cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the extraction time can be effectively controlled.

Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAH) extraction process can be extract phytosterol (beta-sitosterol) from Leucaena leucochepala


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Question: Vibration feature forecasting on crane motor using support vector machine

A feature forecasting method based on support vector machine(SVM) is proposed,and its one-step and multi-step forecasting models are developed.The one-step and four-step forecastings of the motor vibration severities time serial are made based on the models,and the forecasting results are compared with those using AR model.The precisions of one-step and four-step forecastings are higher than those using AR model,which shows that the SVM model has the better performances in short and long-term forecastings.

The goods delivery forecasting system of an industrial process can shorten the stocking time of products so that the production cost becomes low. It includes several process models, so the key task of designing such a system is modeling. In this paper, the goods delivery forecasting system of a cold rolling system of a steel factory is studied and its steel productivity forecasting model is designed with the radial basis function (RBF) neural network. Such a model is based on the actual data of a cold rolling sizing unit. The results show that the RBF neural network based forecasting model of the steel productivity is effective.


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Question: Compression and communication in the cultural evolution of linguistic structure

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Language exhibits striking systematic structure. Words are composed of combinations of reusable sounds, and those words in turn are combined to form complex sentences. These properties make language unique among natural communication systems and enable our species to convey an open-ended set of messages. We provide a cultural evolutionary account of the origins of this structure. We show, using simulations of rational learners and laboratory experiments, that structure arises from a trade-off between pressures for compressibility (imposed during learning) and expressivity (imposed during communication). We further demonstrate that the relative strength of these two pressures can be varied in different social contexts, leading to novel predictions about the emergence of structured behaviour in the wild. 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Abstract This article investigates the role played by misleading terminology in the origins of a recent controversy about the nature of stimulus-response compatibility effects.


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Question: New CMOS Compatible Platforms for Integrated Nonlinear Optical Signal Processing

Nonlinear photonic chips have succeeded in generating and processing signals all-optically with performance far superior to that possible electronically - particularly with respect to speed. Although silicon-on-insulator has been the leading platform for nonlinear optics, its high two-photon absorption at telecommunications wavelengths poses a fundamental limitation. This paper reviews some of the recent achievements in CMOS-compatible platforms for nonlinear optics, focusing on amorphous silicon and Hydex glass, highlighting their potential future impact as well as the challenges to achieving practical solutions for many key applications. These material systems have opened up many new capabilities such as on-chip optical frequency comb generation and ultrafast optical pulse generation and measurement.

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: A comparative study on transformer less full bridge inverter for ozone generator

This paper proposes a Transformer less full bridge invert with resonant inductor operated in pulse width modulation and phase shifted pulse width modulation for ozone generator, to overcome the usage of transformer in the electrical circuit. Ozone cell is modelled with the parallel combination of resistor and capacitors, and Dielectric Barrier Discharge is carried out to produce the ozone. The proposed model is simulated using MATLAB and the power consumption by the cell is validated with different phase angle shifted and tabulated. The proposed model is up to the level of the transformer based model. The advantage of the system is by using the resonant inductor itself can generate the required voltage level to produce the ozone. And comparison is made between the ordinary and Phase shifted pulse width modulation.

This paper presents a new conceptual electromagnetic induction eddy current-based stainless steel plate spiral type heater for heat exchanger or Dual Packs Heater in hot water producer, boiler steamer and super heated steamer, which is more suitable and acceptable for new generation consumer power applications In addition. an active clamped edge-resonant PWM high frequency inverter using trench gate IGBTs power module, can operate under a principle of zero voltage soft commutation with PWM is developed and demonstrated for a high efficient induction heated hot water producer and boiler in the consumer power applications This consumer induction heater power appliance using active clamp soft switching PWM high-frequency Inverter is evaluated and discussed on the basis of the simulation and experimental resulis


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Question: Inspection report: West Kent College

West Kent College ::: This file contains: ::: • October 2001 inspection report ::: • September 2002 monitoring inspection report ::: • February 2003 monitoring inspection report ::: • March 2003 monitoring inspection report ::: ::: Dates of inspection: 15–19 October 2001 ::: ::: A report from the Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) and the Adult Learning Inspectorate (ALI) ::: under Section 62 of the Learning and Skills Act 2000. ::: Inspection report ::: West Kent College

Samford Ecological Research Facility: Dr Marks Collection: Queensland Museum: Social History collection


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Question: General specifications for a captive power driven compressors and dryer system

Design, Construction, Manufacture, Supply to Erection,13; Testing, Commissioning of the captive power driven13; compressors and dryer system (CPDCDS)

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Adjacent to a method and apparatus for the efficient cooling within the integrated use and air liquefaction process of cold recovery is initiated from the LNG vaporization process.


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Question: Intracerebral tuberculoma in children with tuberculous meningitis.

Not all patients with tuberculosis develop tuberculoma during the disease or antituberculous therapy. Therefore, we compared various parameters in patients with and without tuberculoma and presented the results. We formed two groups from the patients with tuberculous meningitis: Group I consisted of 18 patients with tuberculoma, and Group II consisted of 18 randomly selected patients without tuberculoma. Significant difference between the groups was found with respect to level of consciousness and CSF-glucose level (p < 0.05). The consciousness level was more depressed and the CSF-glucose level more decreased in the group without tuberculoma. These findings were discussed.

Abstract:Achalasia is a common adult disorder that rarely manifests in children and infrequently can be associated with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. We describe here the first case of Mycobacterium goodii pulmonary infection associated with achalasia in a pediatric patient. Hell


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Question: Attributes of planning and market in developing sci-tech periodicals

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The attribute of sci-tech periodicals under the surroundings of socialist market economy is analyzed. It is believed that the periodicals of science and technology possess the attributes of market and planning. Accordingly, it is put forward that editors should adaptively develop the sci-tech periodicals on the basis of the features of attributes and combining the merits of attributes.

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This paper discussed renewing ideds to improve the model of management, some designs on evaluating to promote laboratory construction and development.


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Question: Real time identification of delay systems

This paper deals with real time and possibly closed loop identification of delay systems. It is based on non-asymptotic algebraic estimation techniques. Numerical simulations with noisy data are provided.

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This article presents a more practical Sender-Receiver model with expanded functionalities through the analysis of the model in paper[1]. Under the exterior condition control and aborting receiving and the sender (or the receiver) working in accordance with the quantitative pattern, the model can solve the problems such as remote control and flow control. Finally the model is verified.


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Question: Novel Carboxylic Acid Solvolysis Route to Synthesis Electrode-active Nanostructured Spinel-Li_4Ti_5O_(12) for Lithium Batteries and Hybrid Capacitors

1 Results Nanostructured spinel-type Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) was prepared using Lewis acid base reaction technique involving a mixture of titanium β-diketonate and lithium nitrate as starting materials in the presence of aqueous citric acid as a solvolysis agent. The above method yielded a simple single step process without involving sol to gel conversion. The phase purity of the synthesized product after calcining at 800 ℃ for 24 h in air showed a spinel structure without any residual impurities. The nanostru...

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1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: The determination of the rotational periods of the rapidly oscillating Ap stars from their mean light variations — V. An improved rotation period for the dipole pulsator HD 6532

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We have obtained 87 new differential UBVRI mean light observations of the rapidly oscillating Ap star HD 6532 on 34 nights in 1987 and on 31 nights in 1994. A frequency analysis of these data, together with 43 published observations obtained on 34 nights in 1986, gives a rotation period of Prot = 1.944 973 ± 0.000 011 d, or a rotation frequency of vrot =0.514146 ± 0.000 003 d- 1 =5.950 76 ± 0.000 03 11Hz. The mean light curve shows a clear double wave which is consistent with both magnetic poles being visible over a rotation period. The U and B curves are in antiphase with the V, R and I curves. The null wavelength, therefore, lies between Band V. This improved rotation frequency is needed for future interpretation of the frequency multiplet generated by the rotational modulation of the rapid 6.9-min pulsation in this star.

Some late-type stars with forbidden lines, suspected to be binaries or to have combination spectra, are under observation at Asiago. In this paper the preliminary results for WY Gem, W Cep and HD 4174 are presented.


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Question: Surface plasmon enhanced SHG from a hemicyanine monolayer

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Surface plasmon enhancement of second-harmonic generation has been investigated in a Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer of a hemicyanine dye deposited on a silver substrate. Measurements are reported for different thicknesses of silver. The signals obtained were 103 times larger than the corresponding results without enhancement. The second-harmonic signal from the dye monolayer, which is 50 times larger than that from silver alone, is analysed in terms of an effective surface second-order susceptibility. This is compared with previous estimates. The results are discussed with references to film uniformity and to the general aspects of guided mode second-harmonic generation.

This communication presents a facile method for preparing ordered hydrophilic metal nanoparticles into gold nanoparticle monolayer Janus film (top face solvent-phobic polystyrene and bottom face solvent-philic nanoparticles) with thiol-terminated polystyrene. It also reveals the enhanced light source spectrum properties of the gold nanoparticle monolayer Janus film.


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Question: Effects of aquasorb on soil and yield of Actinidia

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The indoor and field experiments have been carried out to discover the effect of aquasorb on soil and yield of Actinidia. According to the experimental results, when content of the polymer in soil was in range of 0.01%～0.05%, soil aggregates was increased markedly, evaporation of soil moisture was decreased, the pH value tended to be lowered, and the content of rapidlyavailable P was raised. The results showed that the optimal application rate of aquasorb was 40 g/plant. Aquasorb was effective to have a reasonable C/R ratio and to improve marketable fruit of Actindia. The combining application of aquasorb and trace fertilizer was beneficial to alleviate the occurrence of chlorotic disorder, to strengthen the resistance of trees and to improve the quality of fruit.

Abstract : The study reports on the fungicidal and insecticidal properties of propylene oxide and its effects on the fumigating materials.


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Question: [Isoenzymes of creatine kinase in extracardiac disease and after various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures].

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Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme was measured (using antibody inhibition) in serum of patients with exogenous intoxication, acute pancreatitis, cerebrovascular accidents, meningitis, encephalitis, skeletal muscle disease, shock, postoperative states and after coronary arteriography, cardiac catherisation of cardioversion. CK-MB activity was revealed only in sera of patients with exogenous intoxication (severity III and IV), polymyositis, scleroderma, after operation or after coronary arteriography, cardiac catherisation or cardioversion. As it is not possible to differentiate between CK-MB and CK-BB using inhibiting antibodies against CK-M subunit, CK-isoenzyme activity was determined in parallel, using precipitating antibodies. No CK-BB was found in any case. The determination of CK-MB isoenzyme after blocking of the CK-MB subunit by means of inhibiting antibodies is suitable for clinical diagnosis. The method significantly increases the value of creatine kinase measurement.

Catecholamine-induced myocardial necroses have their own peculiarities but the disorders in myocardial metabolism occurring in them do not differ in quality from those encountered in necroses caused by occlusion of the coronaries. Pharmacological regulation of the metabolism of a myocardium damaged by catecholamines may be accomplished by the same drugs which are used in necroses caused by coronary occlusion, but agents with antihypoxic and antioxidant activity are preferable.


Question: A Model for Knowledge Innovation in Online Learning Community

This paper describes how to introduce the mechanism of knowledge innovation into online learning community (OLC) and constructs a model which can facilitate innovative knowledge and develop online learner's ability of knowledge innovation. The model is represented by three levels, namely: individual, collaborative and intermediary level, which is based on theories of knowledge creation and management, cognitive and social constructivism. Individual knowledge innovation begins with internalization, via combination, externalization and socialization, which is different from Nonaka's SECI. In collaborative knowledge innovation, learners in OLC share, compare, negotiate, create and integrate knowledge together. Individual knowledge innovation and collaborative knowledge innovation need certain intermediary. In doing so, individual knowledge applied to OLC situation can produce, promote and create new knowledge of OLC.

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Contents: Virtual Worlds - History of Virtual Worlds - Virtual Worlds and Language Learning Theory - Varieties of Virtual World Environments - Language Learning in Second Life.


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Question: Fréchet Distance-Based Map Construction Algorithm

This chapter presents an incremental track insertion algorithm for map construction that is based on partial map-matching of the trajectories to the graph. The Frechet distance is used as part of the map-matching algorithm and to provide quality guarantees for the constructed map. One of the contributions of this work is to separate edge regions from vertex regions when providing quality guarantees, and to specify the extent of these regions. The algorithm itself is easy to implement and it can compute non-planar road configurations, such as bridges, if altitude information is provided with the trajectory measurements. While the description complexity of the computed road geometries can be guaranteed to be small when using a simplification algorithm, in practice the algorithm provides good results even without simplifying or merging trajectory portions that correspond to the same road segment.

These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: Weyl-Ordered Operator Moyal Bracket by Virtue of Method of Integral Within an Weyl Ordered Product of Operators

The Moyal bracket is an exemplification of Weyl's correspondence to formulate quantum mechancis in terms of Wigner function. Here we present a formalism of Weyl-ordered operator Moyal bracket by virtue of the method of integral within a Weyl ordered product of operators and the Weyl ordering operator formula.

Inversion of Finite Toeplitz Matrices.- Inversion of Finite ToeplitzMatrices Consisting of Elements of a Noncommutative Algebra.- Matrix Integral Operators on a Finite Interval with Kernels Depending on the Difference of the Arguments.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. I. The Resultant Operator for Matrix Polynomials.- The Resultant Matrix and its Generalizations. II. The Continual Analogue of the Resultant Operator.- The Spectrum of Singular Integral Operators in L p Spaces.- On an Algebra Generated by the Toeplitz Matrices in the Spaces h p .- On Singular Integral Equations with Unbounded Coefficients.- Singular Integral Equations with Continuous Coefficients on a Composed Contour.- On a Local Principle and Algebras Generated by Toeplitz Matrices.- The Symbol of Singular Integral Operators on a Composed Contour.- One-dimensional Singular Integral Operators with Shift.- Algebras of Singular Integral Operators with Shift.


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Question: Activation parameters and excitation yields of 1,2‐dioxetanes of photogenotoxic interest

The chemiluminescent decomposition of functionalized 1,2-dioxetanes was examined in toluene solution. Activation energies were measured by isothermal and nonisothermal kinetic methods. Quantum efficiencies were determined by Stern-Volmer kinetics, using the fluorescers 9,10-dibromo- and 9,10-diphenylanthracene for the triplet and singlet excitation yields. The derivatives of 3-hydroxymethyl-3,4,4-trimethyl-1,2-dioxetane (1a) have free energies of activation (ΔG≠) of ca. 25 kcal/mol, but the ΔG≠ values of the annelated benzofuran-type dioxetanes (5) are ca. 1 kcal/mol lower. There exists a reasonable correlation between the free energies of activation (ΔG≠) for the thermal decomposition of the dioxetanes and their triplet excitation flux (EpT).

Abstract A decrease in nitrogen hyperfine splitting constant (N-hfsc) with increasing solvent polarity is reported for t -butyl t -butoxy nitroxyl radical produced by trapping t -butoxyl radical with 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane.


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Question: THz pulse generation by charge density gradients investigated by near-field microscopy

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Generation of THz pulses by optical excitation of semiconductor and metallic surfaces attracted renewed attention recently as novel THz emission mechanisms had been discovered [1-3]. Among these mechanisms, THz pulse emission due to transient photo-currents in the plane of the optically excited surface is still not fully understood and it is presently debated [1,2]. In this contribution we present a set of time-domain THz near-field microscopy experiments designed to clarify the origin of THz pulse generation. We correlate near-field distribution of the generated THz pulses with the spatial distribution of photo-excited charge carriers for the first time. This capability allows us to conclude that the in-plane gradients of the charge carrier density are responsible for the THz pulse generation process. We also demonstrate that contrary to the common understanding, the in-plane dynamics of the charge carriers can be the dominant source of THz emission in the excitation of semiconductor surfaces.

We present picosecond time-resolved single-shot streak camera measurements of the emission of a broad area laser, demonstrating that the dynamical filamentation in the near-field is linked to dynamical beam steering in the far-field.


Question: Studies on socialism new countryside information platform construction

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Provided: "['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title\n\n\nThe provided query could be "Background: Pharyngitis is common; however, in patients < 3 years of age, Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an uncommon etiology and sequelae such as acute rheumatic fever are rare. Inappropriate testing leads to increased cost of healthcare and unnecessary exposure to antibiotics. Thus, rapid streptococcal testing (RST) for GAS pharyngitis is not routinely indicated in this age group unless the patient meets clinical criteria and has a household contact with documented streptococcal pharyngitis. …" and the positive "Reducing Rapid Streptococcal Pharyngitis Testing in Patients Less than 3 Years Old"', 'Graphene is a unique type of semiconductor with zero band gap and zero effective masses of charge carriers. Thus, in graphene quantum dots, we expect many interesting phenomena that are different from those in quantum dots of any other semiconductors. In addition, carbon is an element unique in chemistry and in our society because of well-developed carbon chemistry and the important roles that carbon materials have played in various technologies. In this Perspective, we discuss the recent development and existing challenges regarding colloidal graphene quantum dots. This new quantum-confined system may lead to novel applications, and meanwhile, it can serve as a model system for understanding complex processes in carbon materials.']" Match: "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Colloidal Graphene Quantum Dots']"

This paper elaborated the countryside informationization background,the significance and the necessity,analyzed the domestic and foreign current new countryside informationization construction and the existence question and made the contrast,proposed in this foundation some countermeasures,suggestion and implementation plan.

Comparing other ways in recovery to promote,this article suggests that the technology from open-are to underground might reduce the cost of deploiling ore.


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Question: encapsulation and disposal circuit passivation for flat screens.

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A device for encapsulating and passivating integrated control circuits in flat screens. The device comprises a sealing bead (4) and optionally an opaque material blocking the photoconductivity of the components of the active matrix (1) which acts as a spacer and optionally as a Black matrix. Said sealing bead or said opaque material is used for the encapsulation and/or the passivation of the integrated control circuits in the flat screen.

The characteristics of TRICONEX TS3000 system and applied in propylene refrigeration compressor unit are introduced.


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Question: The fracture mechanics of some graphite fibre-reinforced epoxy laminates, Part 1: quasi-isotropic laminates

The fracture behaviour of (0/ ± 45/90)ns laminates of T300/934 graphite fibre-reinforced epoxy was studied using compact tension specimens of several widths and thicknesses, centre-notched tension and three-point bend specimens. The process of damage initiation and propagation was studied and is discussed in detail. The critical stress intensity factor was evaluated and its variation with specimen size and type is shown. On the basis of these investigations, a suitable specimen for the evaluation of meaningful fracture toughness is suggested.

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Three examples of engineering design with thermoplastics are discussed, where deformation and strength theories are applied with the objective of minimizing experimental effort: (i) modulus/density relationships for foamed thermoplastics in bending; (ii) a fracture mechanics theory for polyethylene tanks; (iii) simplified procedures for fibre-reinforced thermoplastics.


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Question: Ganglioneuroma with scoliosis of the thoracic spine: a case report.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT ::: Ganglioneuroma is a benign tumor of neural crest origin that may provoke a scoliosis as well as neurological symptoms. Treatment includes resection with possible spinal fusion for instability and close follow-up for many years. ::: ::: ::: PURPOSE ::: The purpose is to report an invasive ganglioneuroma that was successfully treated by resection without spinal fusion. ::: ::: ::: STUDY DESIGN/SETTING ::: Case report. ::: ::: ::: PATIENT SAMPLE ::: A 15-year-old white female. ::: ::: ::: OUTCOME MEASURES ::: Resolution of the patient's back pain with radiographic and clinical follow-up for recurrence of the tumor. ::: ::: ::: METHODS ::: Not applicable. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: The patient experienced resolution of her back pain without recurrence of the tumor. ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSIONS ::: This is a rare benign tumor that was effectively treated with surgical resection and without spinal fusion.

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Myxoma of bone, outside of the jaws, is exceptional. We present such a tumor in the humerus and discuss the criteria for the diagnosis of myxoma.


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Question: The old media in the new media: a comparative study of the kinetoscope and the virtual reality headset

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is to trace back specific features from the kinetoscope that can be found in the virtual reality headset. I will propose a critical comparison between these two devi...

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ABSTRACTThis article uses a case study of the reception of popular South Korean films in China to investigate aspects of proactive participation in the Chinese social mediasphere. Based on the big ...