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Question: Observability of hysteresis in first-order equilibrium and nonequilibrium phase transitions

The general conditions under which a system undergoing a first-order phase transition will exhibit hysteresis behavior, rather than simple jump behavior, are obtained. These are expressed in terms of the intrinsic time scales of the system and the time scale of variation of the control parameter. The size of the critical region is estimated. Estimates of the characteristic times are made for some equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems to show hysteresis behavior.

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Genetic algorithms based on natural selection and minimal fluctuations have been applied to model physical and biological systems. Critical exponents have been extracted via computational simulations of nucleation for colossal magnetoresistance, heavy ions liquid-gas phase transitions and HIV to AIDS transition.


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Question: Effects of Defect, Doping, Geometrical Configuration, and Size on Plasmon Excitations for Three Silicon Nanostructures

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We investigate systematically the plasmon excitations for three silicon (Si2, Si6, and Si10) nanostructures (NS) based on time-dependent density functional theory and find that there are two obvious plasmon structures (π-like and π–σ plasmons) in Si2 and Si10 NS, but only one π–σ plasmon is found in Si6 NS. Meanwhile, their plasmon excitations are rather sensitive to the polarization direction, especially for Si6 NS which is highly desirable for photosensitive switch materials in the visible region. Additionally, we also analyze in detail the effects of defect, doping, geometrical configuration, and size on their plasmon excitations and find that defects in Si10 NS would suppress the π–σ plasmon excitations but enhance the π-like plasmon peak intensities in the visible region. When the defected Si10 NS are offset by other atoms, their π–σ plasmon excitations are increased, but their π-like plasmon peak intensities are nearly unchanged, which indicates that the Si atom with threefold coordination is more b...

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Bound States in Low-Dimensional Systems.- Transmission and Conductance in Tubes.- Waveguide Measurements of the Properties of Curved Tubes.- Binding and Transmission in Wires and Waveguides.- Two-Dimensional Systems with Finite Periodic Structure.- Localized Modes in Photonic Crystals.- Epilogue.- Comparison of Various Approximate Quantum Wells.- Conducting Sphere on a Grounded Surface.


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Question: Monitoring Soil Sealing in Guadarrama River Basin, Spain, and Its Potential Impact in Agricultural Areas

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This study analyzes soil sealing and its repercussions in the loss of fertile soils, which are more appropriate for agriculture use. Also, soil sealing increases flood risk. The main objective is to estimate soil loss by sealing in the Guadarrama River Basin (Madrid, Spain) between 1961 and 2011. The combination of digital processing (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), principal components and convolution filters) of satellite imagery with the digital terrain model helps to detect risk areas and allows quick updating of sealed soil mapping. The supervised classifications of the images were used to estimate the actual soil loss by sealing (9% in 2011) in the Guadarrama River Basin and the types and agrologic classes that have been lost. Soil loss occurs to a greater extent in highly permeable soils (sands) and in the most fertile soils. The main sealed soil associations are luvisols (alfisols), regosols (entisols) and cambisols (inceptisols).

1. An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems and Participatory Geographical Information Science 2. A Micro-Macro Framework for Participatory Decision Situations 3. Methods and Tools for Participatory Spatial Decision Support 4. Social Behavioural Research Strategies for Investigating the Use of Participatory Geographical Information Systems 5. Collaborative Spatial Decision Making in Primary Health Care Management 6. Transportation Improvement Program Decision Making 7. Collaborative Decision Making About Habitat Restoration 8. Conclusions and Prospects for Future Research


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Question: Socio-Economic Impacts of IFRS on Wider Stakeholders in India - At the Request of Minister of Corporate Affairs, Government of India

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A variety of Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) was analysed in 140 pages. Report available on request: tomo.suzuki@sbs.ox.ac.uk.

INTRODUCTION: INTERNATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF GLOBALIZATION ON EMERGING NOTIONS OF FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS 1. Corporate Human Rights Obligations under Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights 2. Globalization, Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic: An Interface between Free Trade and the Right to Culture 3. Freedom of Religion in a Globalized World: The European Experience 4. Globalization, Terrorism and Human Rights: The Mouse that Roared 5. Globalization and Its Effects on the Emerging Jurisprudence on the Right to Education in South Africa and Nigeria 6. The Emergence of the Human Right to Water in a Globalized Scenario and its Implications to International Investment Law 7. Interface between the Third Generation Human Rights and the Good Governance in a Globalized World 8. The Place of Capitalism in the Pursuit of Human Rights in the Globalized Relationships of States INDEX BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS


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Question: Addition of deoxyribose to guanine and modified DNA based by Lactobacillus helveticus trans-N-deoxyribosylase.

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The use of bacterial trans-N-deoxyribosylase was evaluated as an alternative method for deoxyribosylation in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleosides containing potentially mutagenic adducts. A crude enzyme preparation was isolated from Lactobacillus helveticus and compared to Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase. trans-N-deoxyribosylase was more regioselective than purine nucleoside phosphorylase in the deoxyribosylation of Gua at the N9 atom, as compared to N7, as demonstrated by NMR analysis of the product. 5,6,7,9-Tetrahydro-7-acetoxy-9-oxoimidazo[1,2-a]purine was efficiently deoxyribosylated by trans-N-deoxyribosylase but not at all by purine nucleoside phosphorylase. Other substrates for trans-N-deoxyribosylase were N2-(2-oxoethyl)Gua, pyrimido[1,2-a]purin-10(3H)-one, 1,N2-e-Gua, N2,3-e-Gua, 3,N4-e-Cyt, 1,N6-e-Ade, C8-methylGua, and C8-aminoGua, most of which gave the desired isomer (bond at the nitrogen corresponding to N9 in Gua) in good yield. Neither N7-alkylpurines nor C8-(arylamino)-s...

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Abstract It was found that N-phenylimine of a-dithiophosphorylace-tophenone in the presence of bases undergoes the isomer-isation into the corresponding thiophosphorylamidovinil-sulphides.


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Question: Interspersed repetitive L1 family is differentially transcribed during the murine thymus ontogeny

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Repetitive L1 family in the first LINE (Long Interspersed Element) found in mammals. Structural and evolutionary studies demonstrated the capability of this family to play a functional role and several examples of L1 transcription have been reported in humans and mice especially in tumor cell lines.

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GCM proteins constitute a small transcription factor family with a DNA-binding domain exhibiting a novel fold composed of two subdomains rigidly held together by coordination of one of two structural zinc cations. In all known cases, GCM proteins exert the role of master regulators: the prototypical family member determines gliogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster, whereas mammalian GCM proteins orchestrate divergent aspects of development and physiology in placenta, kidney, thymus, and parathyroid gland. Recent data point to an involvement of GCM proteins in different pathological contexts, such as preeclampsia, hyper- or hypoparathyroidism, and parathyroid gland tumors.


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Question: Synthesis and Characterization of Au-CdS Composite Thin Films for Photoelectrochemical Sensing of Hg2+ Ions

This article presents a simple method for fabrication of Au-CdS composite thin films onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates. The method starts with electrodeposition of CdS thin films onto ITO substrates and followed by spontaneous growth of Au nanoparticles onto the CdS surface in solutions containing AuCl4- ions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis spectroscopy were used to investigate the Au-CdS thin films. The photoelectrochemical property and sensing for Hg2+ ions of the Au-CdS/ITO were studied. The electrode exhibits a low limit of detection of 2.5 μM and a high selectivity for Hg2+ ions, even in the presence of a large excess (1000-fold) of other metal (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) ions.

1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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The query could be '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Optical gain on the I2(B3Πo+→X3Σg+) system produced by a visible wavelength diode laser']' and should be close to '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'We report the results of a measurement of subdoppler gain profiles in molecular iodine produced by a low power tunable diode laser. Using a sensitive, two beam detection method, we have measured absorptions and amplifications that are only a few parts in 104. Amplification was observed for pump laser powers of only 200 μW, and the optical gain observed varied linearly with pump power. Comparisons with a simple, steady-state model are also discussed.']' but very far from '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'A two-color femtosecond pump beam (800 and 1200 nm) and a one-color femtosecond probe beam (267 nm) were focused into a hydrogen gas to generate high-order Raman sidebands in the spectral region of 172–343 nm. The efficiency of frequency conversion to neighboring Stokes/anti-Stokes emission was 18%. Simultaneously, vacuum-ultraviolet stimulated emission was observed at 154.2 nm with the assistance of four-wave Raman mixing. This observation was explained as a Lyman transition (B 1Σ ::: u ::: + ::: → X 1Σ ::: g ::: + ::: ) of the hydrogen.']'

Question: Biogeophysical Feedbacks Between Land Cover and Climate

The various vegetated biomes of the world affect climate through exchanges of energy, water, and momentum with the atmosphere. By altering net radiation, sensible heat, latent heat, and the hydrologic cycle, changes in land cover from one biome type to another, either through natural vegetation dynamics or human uses of land, can alter climate. Clearing of natural vegetation for agricultural uses is one means by which climate changes. Tropical deforestation and overgrazing of tropical grasslands warm climate, primarily through a strong reduction in evapotranspiration that offsets a moderate increase in surface albedo. Temperate deforestation cools climate, primarily through a moderate increase in albedo and a moderate increase in evapotranspiration. Boreal deforestation cools climate through a strong increase in surface albedo. The land surface models used with climate models are being further developed to include natural and human changes in land cover and their effects on climate.

1 Introduction.- 2 Plant Disease Epidemiology and the Scope of Across Comparison.- 3 On the Methodology of Comparative Epidemiology.- 4 Comparative Epidemiology at the System Levels Host and Pathogen.- 5 Comparison of Temporal Aspects of Epidemics: The Disease Progress Curves.- 6 Comparison of Spatial Aspects of Epidemics: Gradients and Spatial Distributions.- 7 Comparison of Effects of Epidemics.- References.


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Question: A Study on Aero-Engine Direct Thrust Control with Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Based on Deep Neural Network

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For enhancing engine response ability, a novel nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) method for aero-engine direct thrust control is proposed. The control objective of the proposed method is the thrust instead of the measurable parameters. The online-sliding window deep neural network (OL-SW-DNN) is proposed as predictive model. The OL-SW-DNN adopts deep-learning structure to increase the model accuracy and selects the nearest point data of certain length as training data which will reduce the sensitivity for the noise of training data. The direct thrust simulations of the popular NMPC based on extended Kalman filler (EKF) and the proposed one are conducted, respectively. The simulations demonstrate that compared with the popular NMPC, the proposed NMPC decreases the acceleration time by 0.425 s and increases response speed about 1.14 times.

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: [Psychometric aspects of estrogen therapy in the climacteric. Quantification of the psychotropic effect of hormones in 122 women (author's transl)].

The psychosocial aspects of estrogen substitution for deficiency symptoms during the climacteric were investigated in 122 women. In addition psychometric tests were used before after 6 weeks after 3 months and after 6 months of therapy. Results based on psychometric tests should be taken into consideration to a greater extent than in the past when discussing the cancer risks of estrogen administration during the climacteric. (Authors modified) (Summary in ENG)

Introduction: Receptive functions represents higher mental processes by which people carry out normal daily living tasks. The specificity of these functions is that they stimulate specific physiological functions in the body. They are reflected in the ability to select, classify and integrate the information received. Material and Methods: We performed an assessment of visual-perceptual abilities by Purdue nonverbal test (PNT-TV) in 135 patients. Patients are classified into three age groups of 45 patients. The first group consisted of patients of childbearing age (25-39 years), second group of patients in perimenopausal age (40-54 years) and a third group of postmenopausal patients (≥55 years). Results: The distribution of the results are statistically different between groups, suggesting that at the onset of menopause there is a decrease of visual-perceptual abilities in patients (Friedman test was significant with p


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Question: Switching between tasks of unequal familiarity: the role of stimulus-attribute and response-set selection.

It has been reported that it is harder to switch to a strong, well-practiced task from a weaker, less-practiced task than vice versa. Three experiments replicated this surprising asymmetry and investigated how it is affected by a reduction in interference between tasks. Experiment 1 progressively delayed the onset of the stimulus attribute associated with the stronger task. Experiments 2 and 3 separated the response sets of the tasks. Both manipulations reduced, without eliminating, interference of the stronger with the weaker task but reversed the asymmetry of switch costs, resulting in a larger cost of switching to the weaker task. The results are interpreted in terms of a model of the interactions between control input, task strength, and task priming.

Source monitoring involves judgments regarding the origin of information (M. K. Johnson, S. Hashtroudi, & D. S. Lindsay, 1993). When participants cannot remember the source in a source-monitoring task, they may guess according to their prior schematic knowledge (U. J. Bayen, G. V. Nakamura, S. E. Dupuis, & C.-L. Yang, 2000). The present study aimed at specifying conditions under which schematic knowledge is used in source monitoring. The authors examined the time course of schema-based guesses with a response-signal technique (A. V. Reed, 1973), and multinomial models that separate memory and guessing bias. Use of schematic knowledge was observed only when asymptotic old-new recognition was low. The time course of schematic-knowledge retrieval followed an exponential growth function. Implications for theories of source monitoring are discussed.


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Question: Toxicity of the Ortho, Meta and Para Isomers of Sulfanilamide

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Conclusions (1) The LD50's for oral administration to mice of the isomers of sulfanilamide are: ortho, 3.84 g; meta, 12.45 g; para, 4.61 g per kilo. (2) There is no correlation between solubility and toxicity of the 3 isomers. (3) There is no relation between toxicity as here found and therapeutic efficiency as reported by others.

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This account relates our quest for effective syntheses of 3-acyltetramic acids and also presents examples of our group’s increasing audacity to tackle the more intricate structural varieties of this compound class. 1 Introduction 2 A New Wittig-Based Access to Tetramic Acids 3 3-Acyltetramic Acids with Linear Side Chains 4 3-Decalinoyltetramic Acids 5 O - and N -Glycosylated 3-Acyltetramic Acids 6 Macrocyclic 3-Acyltetramic Acids 7 Miscellaneous Reactions 8 Whither to go from Here?


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Question: Passive stabilization of juggling-like ball-passing task

This paper describes a hierarchical architecture for rhythmic coordination between robots, which suits a juggling-like ball-passing task involving sensory-motor coordination. The proposed architecture contains two passive-control mechanisms, which include (1) open-loop stability of mechano-physical system and (2) entrainment between mechano-physical system and neuron-like pattern generating system. We demonstrate a stable motion pattern between robots and emphasize that these passive-control mechanisms lead to the emergence of dynamic coordination for the successful task

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Abstract This paper presents a strategy in multi-manipulator synchronization that treats the motions as finite state machines. We use the concept of a motion-system as a convenient abstraction for programming explicitly coupled motions. Motions, treated as processes, can communicate/affect one another through the use of control signals and the dynamics of the system are taken into account during the transitions between different motion states. Using examples, we show that such a scheme is general enough to cover diverse situations as two cooperating arms in a multi-manipulator environment, synchronizing motion of the feet of a legged robot for simple gaits and synchronizing the fingers of an anthropomorphic end-effector for simple grasping strategies.


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Question: Polymerization by phase transfer catalysis

SummaryPolycarbonates, polythiocarbonates, and polyesters from 1,1,3-trimethyl-3-(4′-hydroxy-phenyl)-4-indanol were synthesized using phase transfer conditions. THe effects of several catalysts and reactions times were evaluated by the yields and inherent viscosities. Phase transfer catalysis was not an efficient technique due to the rigid structure of the diphenol with the indanic group. The results were compared with that obtained with a diphenol having the same number of carbon atoms but forming an aliphatic side chain.

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Educational outreach programmes at the Center for photoinduced charge transfer - learning through research, C.E. Uzelmeier and J.A. Kampmeier external electric field effects on fluorescence of some methylene-linked compounds of electron donor and acceptor in a polymer film, N. Ohta et al engineering of sidegroups to enhance luminescence efficiency of conjugated polymers, R. Jakubiak et al growth modes and charge injection of organic films on standard and ultraflat indium tin oxide, E.W. Forsyth et al snapshots of electronic surface excitation - observing adsorbate dynamics with femtosecond time-resolution, M. Bauer et al femtosecond excited state dynamics in organic molecular films, A.J. Makinen et al. (Part contents)


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Question: THE STUDY OF SOCIAL – ECONOMIC- TRAFFIC EFFECTS ON LONG TIME COMMUTING (CASE STUDY: VAZVAN TOWN, 1387)

1Introduction In this paper long time commuting in a small city like Vazvan town is studied. Commuting in Vazvan is caused by lack of job in this city that makes the parents travel to Isfahan, and also there are some factors because of which people do not immigrate to the attractive city of Esfahan. In this study, the wish to travel is the dependent variable which is mostly affected by family satisfaction, will to continue a job of a profession, the feeling that there is no job in Vazvan and lack of money to live in the city in which one works.

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REVISITING I CAN READ SYSTEM : A CASE STUDY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS AT I CR GREENVILLE -


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Question: An efficient block motion estimation method on CELL BE

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In order to take advantage of the byte-type data parallelism in CELL BE's SIMD technique, this paper introduces a new algorithm, which can achieve much higher prediction accuracy and lower computational complexity compared with diamond search (DS) algorithm. Most of the conventional fast motion estimation algorithms just focus on reducing the number of search points. However, less search points is not equal to less computational complexity for CELL BE's architecture. The introduced method uses a large rectangular search pattern including 35 search points at the first search step. Through increasing search points, it gains 4.32% coding efficiency compared with DS. Through SAD reuse and reducing unaligned memory access, it needs 29.5% less computation than DS method on CELL BE. Our implementation of this algorithm on CELL BE shows that we can satisfy the requirement of real-time HD H.264 encoding.

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It describes a frame for joint layer optimization compatible video transmission. More specifically, the decision described multilayer efficient codec mode, motion estimation, and universal coding parameter selection method, the multilayer codec uses reference processing unit (an RPU) to correlation using the interlevel improve coding efficiency.


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Question: The social aspects of low emission management in the Nowa Sól district

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Summary The article shows the problem of excessive low emission in the district of Nowa Sól and points to the social issues that can affect a delay in the introduction of specific environmental actions. The article also identifies the main sources that contribute to the formation of low emission in the district of Nowa Sól. Moreover, it noted the actions planned to be taken in the area of the Nowa Sól district to reduce low emission and their evaluation has been made. There has been also pointed to the direction of the management of low emission, which will have to be taken in order to significantly reduce the low emission of the analysed area and the solutions, already introduced in Poland without a public outcry, have been identified. At the end of the paper the conclusions have been presented.

In this paper the authors describe how the analysis of operational and investment activities in conjunction with the financial policies of firms subordinated to county councils in the North-West of Romania.


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Question: Fishery science: the study of fishery systems

Resume The pursuit of sustainable fisheries requires a broad vision of fishery science - as the scientilic study of fishery systems. This irnplies the incorporation into fishery science of research on fishery management, fishing processes, fi shcr bchaviour and the human dynamics of fishery systerns. Such rcscarch requires (a) more extensive rnultidisciplinary linkages, with an increased role for cconomic and social science research, and (b) more day-to-day linkages between people, namely thosc involved in fishery science and in managcmcnt, together with fishery stakeholders. This paper rcvicws potential directions for fisheries rcsearch, and suggests a corresponding range of multidisciplinary research priorities, focused on analysis of: (a) the fishery management system, at both strategic and operational levels, (b) fisher behaviour and response to regulations, (c) "human dynamics" in fisheries, and (d) fishery systems modelling.

Debates-The future of hydrological sciences : A (common) path forward? A call to action aimed at understanding velocities, celerities and residence time distributions of the headwater hydrograph


Question: Some fundamental problems of the theory of thermoviscoelasticity

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Methods of solving quasistatic problems of the linear theory of thermoviscoelasticity are discussed. Special attention is given to the method of approximations. Modern methods of solving contact problems with a variable boundary and problems with a time-dependent boundary are briefly reviewed. Methods of solving problems with a nonuniform temperature field are outlined. The basic relations of the nonlinear theory of thermoviscoelasticity are given. Its various modifications and simplifications associated with the introduction of fairly general assumptions are examined. Methods of solving problems in certain nonlinear theories are noted. Nonisothermal (coupled) problems of thermoviscoelasticity and questions relating to the general theory with physical and geometric nonlinearity are discussed.

Interface phenomena are most fascinating because of the mixing of different scales and the interference of diverse physical processes. This monograph takes a unified approach to answer practical questions dealing with inelastic gas-surface scattering, the kinetics of adsorption layers, the evolution of inhomogeneities and defects at the surface, the Knudsen layer, the development of boundary conditions on the kinetic and gas-dynamical levels, the determination of exchange and slip coefficients, and so on. Applications are taken from the aerodynamics and gas-dynamics of hypersonic flows, the aerothermochemistry of flying vehicles, thin-film growing technologies, biology and ecology. The book's four parts discuss molecule scattering, adsorption kinetics, some pheonomenological models of thin-film growth, and the kinetic boundary conditions and inverse scattering problem.


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Question: Dynamic Performance Limitations Due to Yielding in Cable-Driven Robotic Manipulators

This paper presents a method for characterizing the performance limitations imposed by the yielding of the cables in systems with cable-driven transmissions. The method involves developing a rigid-body model of the system, where the cable tensions are considered as reaction forces. The kinematic coupling between links in the mechanism due to the use of cables is also considered. Here, the limitations on dynamic performance caused by cable yielding are added to the limitations caused by the bounds on actuator torque capacity, in order to give a more comprehensive description of the system's capabilities. A two degrees-of-freedom planar mechanism is analyzed in order to illustrate the methodology.

Abstract : Partial Contents: A Microcomposite Test Procedure for Evaluating the Constituent Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites; Design, Analysis and Application of an Improved Push-Through Test for the Measurement of Interface Properties in Composites; Fiber Bundle Push-Out: A Technique for the Measurement of Interfacial Sliding Properties; Mechanics of the Fiber Pushout Test; Effects of Fiber Roughness on Interface Sliding in Composites; Fiber Coating Concepts for Brittle Matrix Composites; Preliminary Assessment of Mica as High- Temperature Fiber Coating for SiC Composites; Models for Metal/Ceramic Interface Fracture; Mode II Fracture Toughness of a Brittle Adhesive Layer; and Cracking of Thin Bonded Films in Residual Tension


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Question: Dietary fibre for use in the treatment of a gastro-intestinal side-effect of a nutrition or medicament

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The invention relates to a dietary fibre for use in delaying or otherwise reducing a sating effect of a medical nutrition or of a medicament, wherein the medical nutrition or medicament is for oral or gastro-enteric administration by a human. The invention further relates to a method for prophylactically or therapeutically treating a human in need thereof, the treatment comprising administering an effective amount of a dietary fibre, in combination with a pharmaceutical composition or a nutrition as defined in any of the preceding claims, thereby reducing a sating effect of the pharmaceutical composition or the nutrition. The invention further relates to products suitable for use in such a method.

The invention thus relates to a method for accelerating the rate of digestion of a protein matter, in which a protein matter is treated with transglutaminase, and it is mixed with anionic polysaccharides. The invention also relates to the use of the rapidly digested protein matter for preparing a food or pharmaceutical composition intended for oral administration to a mammal, to induce a postprandial peak of plasmatic increase in amino acids. This composition is intended for modulating the postprandial protein gain, limiting the problems linked to gastrointestinal motility disorders, limiting the postprandial sensations of nausea in pregnant women, and/or limiting the postprandial risks of regurgitation and/or gastro-esophageal reflux. Finally, a subject of the invention is also a food or pharmaceutical composition comprising anionic polysaccharides and a protein matter treated with transglutaminase.


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Question: Synthesis and characterisation of modified carbon nanotubes with potassium salts of the monosubstituted Keggin polyoxometalates

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A novel hybrid of potassium salts of the monosubstituted Keggin polyoxometalates/carbon nanotube nanocomposite is synthesised. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesised by the catalytic chemical vapour deposition method. The characterisation of the materials by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, shows that the functionalisation of MWCNTs by potassium salts of the monosubstituted Keggin polyoxometalates was successfully achieved via the impregnation method in both endohedral and exohedral forms. Theoretical studies for the covalent conjugation of Keggin polyoxometalates to carbon nanotubes, showed that the functionalisation of MWCNTs by some groups such as COOH and OH is required.

Thermogravimetric analysis of tetraalkylammonium haloborates lead to the formation of trialkylamine trihaloborane and dialkylamino dihaloborane followed by illpredictable intermediates leading to the formation of boronnitrogen polymers.


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Question: Dusty Starbursts as a Standard Phase in Galaxy Evolution

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We discuss the implications of the ISO, SCUBA and Spitzer extragalactic surveys, combined with the COBE cosmic infrared background, on the star-formation history of galaxies. A class of galaxies is emerging, similar to local luminous infrared galaxies, that appears to play a dominant role in the shaping of present-day galaxies. Instead of a class, these observations suggest that these “dusty starbursts” should be considered a common phase experienced by most if not all galaxies, once or even several times over their lifetimes.

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Foreword - Philip K. Maini List of Figures List of Notation Introduction and Outline On the Origin of Patterns Mathematical Modeling of Biological Pattern Formation Cellular Automata Random Movement Growth Processes Adhesive Cell Interaction Alignment and Cellular Swarming Pigment Cell Pattern Formation Tissue and Tumor Development Turing Patterns and Excitable Media Discussion and Outlook Appendix A. Growth Processes: A Mean-Field Equation Appendix B. Turing Patterns Appendix C. Excitable Media: Complete Interaction Rule Appendix D. Isotropy, Lattices, and Tensors References Index


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Question: Relating skills : a practical guide to effective personal relationships

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Part 1 Introduction: importance of relationships a relating skills approach learning relating skills what you bring to relationships. Part 2 Skills: disclosins skills listening skills showing understanding skills managing shyness skills choosing a partner skills trust skills caring skills intimacy skills companionship skills sexual relating skills assertion skills managing anger skills solving relationship problem skills develop your relating skills

David Thomas and Ian Hodges have put together a straightforward, practical introductory text covering the fundamental knowledge and skills for successful completion of a research project. It is designed to complement texts covering quantitative and qualitative research methods in health and social sciences.


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Question: A case of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint followed for 17 years.

The patient was a 52-year-old woman who visited our hospital for the chief complaint of a strange sensation in the left temporomandibular joint region on February 22, 1992. On the first examination, crepitus was heard, but no disturbance of mouth opening was noted. On panoramic radiography, radiopaque bodies were present in the left temporomandibular joint region, diagnosed as synovial chondromatosis. Course observation without active treatment was selected. Calcified bodies were noted on the lateral side directly below the left temporomandibular articular tubercle on the first computed tomography image performed in December 1998. Reportedly, this lesion grows slowly, but the lesions started to enlarge at a specific time point during the 17-year follow-up in this patient, showing the necessity of long-term follow-up by imaging even though no quality-of-life reduction or subjective symptom is observed.

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AbstractWe describe a rare case of right ovarian vein syndrome that was cured completely by surgery with a followup of 10 years.


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Question: Optimization of NMR and HPLC Conditions for LC-NMR

The NMR sensitivity was recognized as the major issue in the optimization of the coupled HPLC-NMR experiment. Each of the relevant interactions between HPLC parameters and NMR parameters has been examined in detail such that workers should be able to design a strategy to optimize their own experiments.

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Automated Membrane ::: Reactors for the Early Process Development of Enzyme Promoted ::: Bioconversion


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Question: Protonation of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(dimethylamino)benzene

Abstract 1,2,4,5-Tetrakis(dimethylamino)benzene ( 1 ) forms diprotonated salts like the bis(tetrafluoroborate) 3 and the dibromide 4 . For 4 -dihydrate an -X-ray structure revealed the presence of ‘bifurcated hydrogen bonds’. 1 and the protonated species derived therefrom are discussed with regard to the sterical requirements of ‘proton sponges’.

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A sterically protected biradical species, 1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-2,4-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl was allowed to react with tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachl...


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Question: A persuasive virtual chat agent based on sociolinguistic theories of influence

Machine intelligence breaks new ground with each passing day, achieving feats like winning against humans in the game of Go and Jeopardy!. However, the goal of implementing social competence in machines so that they may achieve specific social goals remains elusive. Persuasion, the ability to tailor messaging to the target audience is closely related to social competence (Gass and Seiter, 2015). In using technology to persuade, we delegate a central function of human communication to a computer. This central function is intentional and goal-directed communication - deliberate, purposeful messaging with a clear outcome in mind. Our goal in this thesis is to automate the very process of persuasive communication, by designing a system which can purposefully communicate, without any restrictions on domain or genre or task, and which has the clear intention of persuading the recipients of its messaging.

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The paper focuses on an Information State (IS) based dialogue manager developed for Carl, an intelligent mobile robot. It uses a Knowledge Acquisition and Management (KAM) module that integrates information obtained from various interlocutors. This mixed-initiative dialogue manager (DM) handles pronoun resolution, is capable of performing different kinds of clarification/confirmation questions and generates observations based on the current knowledge acquired. An evaluation of the DM on knowledge acquisition tasks is shown. Index Terms: human-robot interaction, natural language understanding, dialogue system, knowledge representation, information state system


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Question: USING SOLAR ARRAYS FOR ORBITAL CONTROL NEAR SMALL BODIES TRADE-OFFS CHARACTERIZATION

Solar radiation pressure has long been recognized as a force to harness for orbital control using a solar sail, but has otherwise been considered as a perturbation to mitigate. In the case of small body orbiters, however, solar radiation pressure can be on the same order of magnitude as the gravitational attraction, even for spacecraft not equipped with solar sails. In this paper, we characterize the expected magnitude of solar radiation pressure on solar panels and its potential use for orbital control of small body orbiters. In particular, we focus on the trade-offs between control authority, electric power generation, and the potential performance of such systems.

PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH THE USE OF THE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT IN ANALYZING ENGINEERING DATA AND EXAMPLES OF ITS MISUSE ARE DISCUSSED. IN GENERAL, THE USE OF REGRESSION ANALYSIS SERVES THE ENGINEER BETTER. PITFALLS CONNECTED WITH COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF DATA ARE ALSO POINTED OUT. /AUTHOR/


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Question: A case of ecthyma during therapy with an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor

A 65-year-old man with a 3-year history of unresectable colon cancer was switched to FOLFIRI (5-fluorouracil, levofolinate calcium, irinotecan) and panitumumab, after the failure of FOLFIRI and bevacizumab, in February 2013. After the fourth dose of panitumumab, painful eruptions rapidly developed (figures 1A-C). An autoimmune bullous disease, subcorneal pustular dermatosis and impetigo contagiosa were suspected. However, no autoantibodies against bullous pemphigoid-180, desmoglein 1,or desmoglein [...]

Purpose ::: This study was conducted in order to validate the radiosensitization effect of valproic acid, a biologically available histone deacetylase inhibitor, for fractionated radiation.


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Question: Method and system for incrementally moving teeth

A system for repositioning teeth comprises a plurality of individual appliances. The appliances are configured to be placed successively on the patient's teeth and to incrementally reposition the teeth from an initial tooth arrangement, through a plurality of intermediate tooth arrangements, and to a final tooth arrangement. The system of appliances is usually configured at the outset of treatment so that the patient may progress through treatment without the need to have the treating professional perform each successive step in the procedure.

The present techniques generally relate to apparatus and methods for providing programmable currents for correlated electron switches.


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Question: Estimatedglomerular filtration rate is associated with ankle brachial index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective To investigate the relationship of estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) to ankle brachial index(ABI) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods 160 type 2 diabetes were included.The patients were divided into two groups according to ABI: ABI≤0.9 and 0.9ABI1.3.Results There was significant difference in HDL-c,LDL-c,HbA1c and eGFR(P0.05) between the two groups;eGFR was positively related to ABI(P0.01).Conclusion In a group of outpatients with T2DM with mild to moderate renal insufficiency,eGFR was positively related to ABI.Low eGFR is a major risk associated with peripheral arterial disease.

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ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a needle-free injector in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with basal insulin.Methods: 62 patients with type 2 diabet...


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Question: An 8-channels GaAs IC front-end discriminator for RPC particle detectors

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A front-end discriminator for application in readout electronics of gas chamber particle detectors, composed of a high-gain pulse amplifier integrated with a threshold comparator and an ECL logic buffer, has been designed. An 8-channels full custom chip has been fabricated in GaAs IC technology. The chip turns out very stable, featuring high voltage gain (>1000), gain-bandwidth product (1011) and sensitivity (~50uV), fast rise time (1.5ns), and only 25mW per channel of power consumption, while providing the ECL dynamic to the output pulses.

In this paper, the sources of DC offset and the corresponding DC offset cancellation techniques are analyzed. A DC negative feedback technique based DC offset canceller (DOC) is designed in details and implemented by SMIC 0.18μm CMOS process. DC offset detector is an important part of DOC. In this paper, an on chip DC offset detection circuit is proposed for the DC negative feedback canceller which can be used in the CMOS programmable gain amplifier (PGA) of a low intermediate frequency (IF) receiver such as IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee wireless sensor network. Post-simulation and chip measurement results show that the DC offset canceller performs well.


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Question: Physiological response of Typha angustifolia to exogenous nitric oxide under copper and cadmium stress

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Studies on the effects of exogenous nitric oxide( NO) on the physiological reaction of Typha angustifolia in response to copper and cadmium stress will uncover the underlying mechanism of stress relief. In this study,the physiological responses of the leaves and roots of T. angustifolia seedlings applied with 0 μmol / L,50 μmol / L,75 μmol / L and 100 μmol / L SNP( sodium nitroprusside,NO donor) under Cu or Cd stress were detected. Different concentrations of SNP led to various physiological responses of leaves and roots subjected to the stress of 25 mg / L Cu2 +or 1. 5 mg / L Cd2 +. The overall performance was that the activities of superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD) and the contents of proteins and ascorbic acid were increased in the leaves and roots of T. angustifolia,while MDA content was decreased. The chlorophyll content had no significant change. These results indicated that the damage caused by Cu and Cd stress was alleviated by SNP to a certain degree.

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Purpose ::: Chemical immobilization has been widely used for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. The present study evaluated the feasibility of simultaneous immobilization of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in a smelter-contaminated soil.


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Question: The confluence of three kinds of discourse in"Special concern"

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"Special concern" has been paid close attention to fully for the miracle it has made in the periodical circle in the new century.This paper focuses on the discourses in "special concern",from the confluence of three discourses——official discourse,elite discourse,civil discourse.Throught specific analysis,we hope to find the secret of its success.

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This essay illustrates the complex relationship between language surroudings and rhetoric based on everyday expressions of Chinese education in middle schools.


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'['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Chemical bonding and reaction at metal/polymer interfaces']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A combination of surface spectroscopy and microanalytical techniques have been used to investigate the chemical and material characteristics of interfaces formed between metal and a high temperature polymer, polyimide. Results reveal significant chemical reactivity at the interface, as manifested by intermixing and cluster formation. The extent of the material reaction is strongly influenced by the bonding characteristics between metal and the polyimide. Results on Cu and Al are reviewed to illustrate the chemical trend due to increasing reactivity.']' != '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title:', 'Educational outreach programmes at the Center for photoinduced charge transfer - learning through research, C.E. Uzelmeier and J.A. Kampmeier external electric field effects on fluorescence of some methylene-linked compounds of electron donor and acceptor in a polymer film, N. Ohta et al engineering of sidegroups to enhance luminescence efficiency of conjugated polymers, R. Jakubiak et al growth modes and charge injection of organic films on standard and ultraflat indium tin oxide, E.W. Forsyth et al snapshots of electronic surface excitation - observing adsorbate dynamics with femtosecond time-resolution, M. Bauer et al femtosecond excited state dynamics in organic molecular films, A.J. Makinen et al. (Part contents)']'

Question: Research: Early Childhood Education: Issues for a New Decade

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Abstract The past two decades have provided early childhood educators with new insights, information and additional questions regarding the care and education of young children. This article provides a review of the past decade and suggests issues that should be addressed in the decade of the '80s. Consensus-seeking on these issues should be of interest to all persons concerned with young children.—N.L.Q.

Remarks at the Economic Press Briefing on Private For-Profit Institutions in Higher Education, New York City.


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Question: Attachment and growth of fibroblast cells on silk fibroin.

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The attachment and growth of fibroblast cells (L-929) on matrices of silk fibroin from Bombyx mori domestic silkworm (DSF) and Antheraea pernyi wild silkworm (WSF) were studied by a cell culture method. The performance of the two kinds of silk fibroin was compared to that of collagen. DSF exhibited as high a cell attachment and growth as collagen did. The cells attached to DSF were extensively spread out and their filopodia were visible in the SEM pictures. WSF, which contains the tripeptide sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (believed to be a specific interaction site for cell-attachment), displayed much higher cell attachment and growth compared to DSF. The cells attached on WSF became virtually flat and their filopodia could be seen, indicating that the cells were very strongly held on the surface.

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For example, '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'This work investigates using n-gram processing and a temporal relation encoding to providing relational information about events extracted from media streams. The event information is temporal and nominal in nature being categorized by a descriptive label or symbolic means and can be difficult to relationally compare and give ranking metrics. Given a parsed sequence of events, relational information pertinent to comparison between events can be obtained through the application of n-grams techniques borrowed from speech processing and temporal relation logic. The procedure is discussed along with results computed using a representative data set characterized by nominal event data.']' should be close to '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Structuring ordered nominal data for event sequence discovery']'

Silk protein-based materials are promising biomaterials for application as tissue scaffolds, due to their processability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The preparation of films composed of an engineered spider silk protein (eADF4(C16)) and their functionalization with glycopolymers are described. The glycopolymers bind proteins found in the extracellular matrix, providing a biomimetic coating on the films that improves cell adhesion to the surfaces of engineered spider silk films. Such silk-based materials have potential as coatings for degradable implantable devices.


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Question: Effects of gold therapy on the synthesis and quantity of serum and synovial fluid IgM, IgG, and IgA rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Eleven patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were monitored prospectively while receiving up to 1 gm of gold sodium thiomalate. There was a significant decrease in serum and synovial fluid IgG, IgA, and IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) levels over the period of study. Comparison of changes in serum RF and total immunoglobulin levels indicated a selective effect on RF production. These observations were supported by changes in the spontaneous in vitro production of IgM-RF and total IgM by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Studies of synovial membrane synthesis showed a downward trend in immunoglobulin and RF production, but this did not reach statistical significance. A differential effect on the various RF classes was also noted. The most profound effect was on IgM-RF production; whereas, changes in IgG-RF production were least affected. These results suggest a selective and differential effect of gold salts on RF production.

• Parameters of cell-mediated and humoral-mediated immunity were measured in ten infection-free, insulin-dependent, controlled diabetic patients and in ten similar but nondiabetic patients awaiting elective operations. Tests performed included total and differential leukocyte counts, neutrophil reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, mitogen response of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin, ratio of thymus-derived to bone marrow-derived lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM, macrophage inhibition factor, serum zinc, and reaction to skin test antigens. Diabetics had a significantly ( P ( Arch Surg 113:1180-1183, 1978)


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Question: Analysis on misuses of homophones in advertisements

It is recognized that the goal of advertising commentary is awareness,comprehension,conviction and action.But people in the advertising circle often violate this principle by adopting some rhetorical devices,of which using homophones to create pun is one.Since heated discussion and debates are aroused here and there,on the basis of describing the misuses of homophones in Chinese advertisements,the paper intends to find out who attend to this problem,why they regard it as a problem and finally who manage to solve this problem and how.

Current info for Graduate Students about electronic theses and dissertations. Some background and a little history of Electronic Theses and Dissertations


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Question: Asymptotic relationship between telegraphic and diffusion equations

In the paper it is considered the generalized telegraphic equation represented by the system of four evolution equations, containing a small positive parameter multiplying some of the time derivatives. It is shown that if the small parameter tends to zero, the solution to the telegraphic equation tends asymptotically to the solution of the diffusion equation obtained from the former one by putting the small parameter equal to zero.

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Data from experimental observations of a class of neurological processes (Freeman K-sets) present functional distribution reproducing Bessel function behavior. We model such processes with couples of damped/amplified oscillators which provide time dependent representation of Bessel equation. The root loci of poles and zeros conform to solutions of K-sets. Some light is shed on the problem of filling the gap between the cellular level dynamics and the brain functional activity. Breakdown of time-reversal symmetry is related with the cortex thermodynamic features. This provides a possible mechanism to deduce lifetime of recorded memory.


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Question: The diaper pants-shaped and its production method and equipment

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The present invention discloses a pre-fixed, and can be repeated fixing pants production methods and apparatus thereof. Pants comprising a front edge, rear edge and the body of the first and second side edges in the longitudinal direction extending between the front and rear sides, wherein the first side of the body and perpendicular to the body along a second side edge transverse fold line folded. A first pair of side panels can be connected to the adjacent front and back of a main body connected to said main body, each of the first pair of side panels comprises a first fixing member. The second pair of side panels may be attached to the other of the adjacent front and rear of the body is connected to the body, each of the second pair of side panels includes a second fixing member. Each detachably fixed to the fixing member and the first body and the second fixing member detachably engaged in the first and second side edges of the body between a first pair of side sheets.

In the present invention, the front (front) has a first containing the polyester yarn, and the back side (backside) comprises a second polyester yarn and a polyurethane yarn, the front side knitted-misses has a knitting structure of the tuck, the the back is provided with a single circular knitted fabric and a method of manufacturing the same having a knit knitting structure. The single circular knitted fabric is lightweight, and stretch, get a good color fastness and dimensional stability, innerwear, and can be applied to various fields, ranging from clothing such as outerwear, sportswear on for industrial materials such as seat material flow.


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Question: Design and realization of task manage system in distributed software platform for testing

A distributed software platform for automated testing is presented by using the free Internet network client task scheduling and allocation based on Internet are implemented,and test tasks are completed automatically and test results’collection and analyese are finished.And the core module of the platform is completed.The test in the actual environment will be more effective than in simulated environment.And the platform solves some problems effectively which are brought in by traditional software testing and meet the requi-rements of the user to test the software quickly effectively.

ICAI system has become a major research direction of auxiliary teaching in the word. The realization techniques of intellectual teaching by computer based on Client/Serve employ such supporting platforms as VB, SQL Server, IIS, and establish a ICAI experimental teaching system Jay computer.


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Question: A new identified complication of intracystic hemorrhage in a large pineal gland cyst.

Pineal gland cysts are typically asymptomatic, benign cysts most commonly found incidentally in adults. In rare cases, a large pineal gland cyst can be complicated by intracystic hemorrhage, which could then manifest with neurological symptoms. We report a new complication of intracystic hemorrhage in a large pineal gland cyst in a 40-year-old man with new onset seizures.

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We report a case of perihepatic adhesion due to severe endometriosis.


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Question: Structural Comparison of Lithium Iodide Complexes of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical [CH2(PPh2NSiMe3)(PPh2NR)](R = SiMe3, H) Ligands

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Compounds [(LiI)1] and [(LiI)2]2 crystallize in the centrosymmetric space group P21/n. They are made up of neutral ligands [H2C(PPh2NSiMe3)2] (1) and [H2C(PPh2NSiMe3)(PPh2NH)] (2) and a LiI molecule. In both cases, N,N chelation with lithium is observed. Ligand 2 contains two different nitrogen centres viz., P=N(SiMe3) and P=N(H), which are coordinated unsymmetrically to lithium (Li–N = 2.055(8) and 2.072(8) A) to form [{LiI}{CH2(PPh2NSiMe3)×(PPh2NH)}] as monomer units that are linked via intermolecular coordination between NH and Li (2.097(8) A) to form a central four-membered ring, Li2N2 with four-coordinate lithium atoms. In contrast, [(LiI)1] is monomeric with a three-coordinate lithium centre. This disparity is reflected in the Li–I bond distances (2.699(11) A for [(LiI)1] and 2.824(7) A) for [(LiI)2]2). The dimer [(LiI)2]2 displays intramolecular Csp3H–π and intermolecular Csp2H–π interactions (between phosphorus-substituted phenyl groups).

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The title dianion, obtained by deprotonation of [Fe2(µ-CO)(µ-PPh2)(CO)5(PPh2H)]– at low temperature, affords various phosphido-bridged di-iron complexes upon reaction with iodohydrocarbons; new complexes include [Fe2(µ-CO)(µ-PPh2)(CO)5(PPh2R)]–(R = Me, Et, Prn, Pri, allyl), Fe2(µ-PPh2)[µ-C(R)O](CO)5(PPh2R)(R = Prn,Pri), Fe2(µ-PPh2)(CO)5(η3-C3H5)(PPh2C3H5), the structure of which was determined by X-ray diffraction, and Fe2(µ-PPh2)(µ-ch2PPh2)(CO)6.


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Question: Association of decreased tumor DAB2IP and high-risk prostate cancer-specific survival.

e16553Background: Our pilot study, which analyzed DAB2IP expression in 46 patients' biopsies and had short follow up, showed that DAB2IP reduction correlates with worse outcome in patients with hig...

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Background ::: Metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a dismal prognosis. EGFR is overexpressed or mutated in a large proportion of cases. Downstream components of the EGFR pathway and crosstalk with the NF-κB pathway have not been examined at the clinical level. We explored the prognostic significance of the mRNA expression of nine genes in the EGFR and NF-κB pathways and of BRCA1 and RAP80 in patients in whom EGFR and K-ras gene status had previously been determined. In addition, NFKBIA and DUSP22 gene status was also determined.


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Question: Calendar of Discovery and Invention

July 24, 1747.—About the same time that Franklin was experimenting on lightning conductors, William Watson (1715–1787) made experiments which appeared to show than the passage of electricity was instantaneous, Some of these experiments were made in the sum of 1747. On July 24 of that year Watson assisted by Charles Cavendish and Martin Folkes charge of electricity through 800 feet of water at the New River, Stoke Newington. The following year Watson, at Shooter's Hill, also sent discharges through 12,276 feet of wire.

A Helping Hand for Arts, Drama,Music And Film Students! General Tools and Research Information


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Question: The Boundary-Line Function of the Economic Loss Rule

The 'boundary-line function' of the economic loss rule is a principle often invoked by courts and scholars, but rarely subjected to critical analysis. This article is the first work to focus on this topic outside of the product liability context and to examine it in detail. The article presents a coherent view for interpreting the economic loss rule that is rooted in public policy principles defer to actual private ordering, but that do not otherwise preempt resolution under tort principles of disputes involving purely economic losses.

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Foreword - Philip K. Maini List of Figures List of Notation Introduction and Outline On the Origin of Patterns Mathematical Modeling of Biological Pattern Formation Cellular Automata Random Movement Growth Processes Adhesive Cell Interaction Alignment and Cellular Swarming Pigment Cell Pattern Formation Tissue and Tumor Development Turing Patterns and Excitable Media Discussion and Outlook Appendix A. Growth Processes: A Mean-Field Equation Appendix B. Turing Patterns Appendix C. Excitable Media: Complete Interaction Rule Appendix D. Isotropy, Lattices, and Tensors References Index


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Question: Effective Schrödinger equation with general ordering ambiguity position-dependent mass Morse potential

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We solve the parametric generalized effective Schrodinger equation with a specific choice of position-dependent mass function and Morse oscillator potential by means of the Nikiforov-Uvarov method combined with the Pekeris approximation scheme. All bound-state energies are found explicitly and all corresponding radial wave functions are built analytically. We choose the Weyl or Li and Kuhn ordering for the ambiguity parameters in our numerical work to calculate the energy spectrum for a few (H2, LiH, HCl and CO) diatomic molecules with arbitrary vibration n and rotation l quantum numbers and different position-dependent mass functions. Two special cases including the constant mass and the vibration s-wave (l ¼ 0) are also investigated.

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By using the Zubarev nonequilibrium statistical operator method, and the Liouville equation with fractional derivatives, a generalized diffusion equation with fractional derivatives is obtained within the Renyi statistics. Averaging in generalized diffusion coefficient is performed with a power distribution with the Renyi parameter $q$.


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Question: Observation of voltage contrast in scanning ion microscopy of integrated circuits

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Strong voltage contrast effects have been observed in scanning ion microscopy of integrated circuits. The ion beam has also been used to cut microsections in integrated circuits, with precise control of position and depth. The voltage distributions in these sections can be observed.

A metal-surface microtopography formed by low-temperature field evaporation is analyzed by the methods of field-ion microscopy and computer modeling. It is shown that the anisotropy of the field evaporation and the regional distribution of the brightness of the ion-microscope image correspond to the configuration of the first Brillouin zones.


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Question: [Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: impact of increasing antibiotic resistance in the community].

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Uncomplicated urinary tract infections are commonly encountered in primary care and frequently lead to empirical antibiotic prescriptions. The development of antibiotic resistance in the community explains treatment failures observed with commonly-prescribed drugs such as quinolones and co-trimoxazole. This article describes the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance among pathogens causing uncomplicated urinary tract infections and the consequences in terms of recommendations for empirical antibiotic therapy.

The incidence of HIV-infected patients with complicated skin and soft tissue infections has risen. Because of advanced immune suppression, slower responses to antibacterial treatment, and increased risk of bacteraemia relative to noninfected patients, the choice of initial appropriate empiric antibacterial therapy is an important aspect of care for HIV-infected patients. However, in recent years a dramatic increase of the resistance among Staphylococci to all classes of antimicrobial agents, including glycopeptides, has been reported.


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Question: A Research on Endangered Languages in Xinjiang

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The study on endangered languages has become a hot spot worldwide nowadays.The article deals with the problems of endangered languages in Xinjiang.The definition and rescue efforts at endangered languages are also discussed in the article.

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Introduction Arab and Islamic Contributions to European Civilization TB and its Treatment in Medieval Islam Al-Tibb al-Nabawi - The Prophet's Medicine Early Arabic Cuisine - The Evidence from Medieval Arabic Medical Texts Science and Technology in Islamic Building Construction Wind and Watermills in Iran and Afghanistan Pigeon Towers and Ice-houses on the Iranian Plateau Sustainable Buildings - Middle Eastern Traditional Systems for the Future From the Rash d ya to the Ordos - In Search of Early Mongol Tents Material Culture of Pastoral Nomad - Reflections Based on Arab and Afghan Materials Looms, Carpets and Kelims The Survival of the Bazaar Economy in Iran and Contemporary Middle East The Political Significance of the Bazaar in Iran Impact of Wealth on Traditional Technologies in Rural Oman


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Question: Quantification of homocysteine and cysteine by derivatization with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography

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A simple and rapid assay using pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) as a derivatizing reagent was developed for the simultaneous determination of homocysteine (Hcy) and cysteine (Cys) in human plasma. Derivatization with PLP affords UV-absorbing tetrahydrothiazine and thiazolidine derivatives of Hcy and Cys, respectively. Separation of these derivatives was achieved in 5 min using a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by UV detection at 330 nm. Linearity in detector response was observed over the range of 0.25-20 μM for Hcy and 10-300 μM for Cys. The limit of quantification (LOQ) values for Hcy and Cys were 0.25 and 2.5 μM, respectively. The method was successfully applied to plasma samples donated by apparently healthy volunteers.

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A new fluorescent probe 2,7-dichlorofluorescein hydrazide for mercury quantification in aqueous medium has been described. It is based on the spirolactam ring opening of colorless and nonfluorescent 2,7-dichlorofluorescein hydrazide induced by Hg2


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Question: Neural Network Based Excitation Control of Synchronous Generator

Usage of neural networks' (NN) based excitation control on single machine infinite bus, its implementation and experimental studies have been reported earlier. The proposed feed forward neural network integrates a voltage regulator and a power system stabilizer. It is trained on-line from input and output signals of a synchronous generator. A modified error function used for training the neural network by the back propagation algorithm uses the reference and terminal voltage as controlling voltage and active power deviation to provide stabilization. The complete control algorithm is implemented on a fixed point DSP and tested in laboratory environment on an 83 kVA, 50 Hz synchronous generator connected over one transmission line to network. The experimental results described in this paper show advantages of this method over classic control method (an excitation current loop with P controller and a terminal voltage loop with PI controller).

Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: Regional Financial integration and economic growth in the East African community

This paper aimed at establishing effects of regional financial integration on economic growth in East African Community (EAC). Conflicting views on the effects of financial integration on economic growth prompted the study. Quantitative and qualitative data between year 2000 and 2009 from the East African community was used. This paper employed the general method of moments in its analysis. Results showed that regional financial integration significantly stimulated economic growth of the EAC. The study recommends that EAC coordinating committee promote effective bank supervision to achieve uniform bank spread, initiate ways of issuance of common bond and develop secondary markets for all financial assets in the region.

EU-China, the first approach. Moving a step forward? Evolvement of the strategic partnership. Piracy in the Gulf of Aden: a threat for the international community. Explaining China’s participation in counter-piracy operations. A turning point in the Sino-European relations?


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Question: The universe simulators based on measurement standards variability

Proposed approach is based on the combination of systems of differential equations and measurement standards variability used for the Universe simulators development. This approach permits us to predict some features of the Universe: spontaneous growth of distance between two resting objects detected by an observer at one of these objects, velocity/distance dependence is known to meet the Hubble Law, constancy of any solid body linear dimensions in time is believed to be caused by linear measurement standard shortening as well as by mass loss by physical objects. The latter permits us to propose simulators, describing gravity and inertia as manifestations of reaction forces.

Three-dimensional structure handling reactions and synthesis property prediction and analysis integrated systems.


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Question: Open Training Center Building in the Political Context of School-enterprise Linkage

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Vocational schools training base construction is an important part of effectively strengthen practical teaching and training, planning and construction of a high level of social open training center, is the only way of training optimal allocation of resources. In this paper, I school training base construction practice, explore political, school, enterprises linkage context of open training center building strategy.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Improvement on Axial Rapid Feed Connection Mechanism for Bearing Chamfering Lathe

The characteristics of the axial feed mechanism for existing bearing ring chamfering lathe and the method for machining bearing ring chamfer are analyzed,and then the problem existing in the batch production is pointed out.The axial feed mechanism for the chamfering lathe is improved,and the working principles and machining process of improved chamfering lathe are introduced.The improved chamfering lathe features simple structure,high efficiency and high machining accuracy,which can meet the current demand for batch production of small size and miniature bearings.

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['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'In this Letter we describe our ongoing target repurposing efforts focused on discovery of inhibitors of the essential trypanosomal phosphodiesterase TbrPDEB1. This enzyme has been implicated in virulence of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We outline the synthesis and biological evaluation of analogs of tadalafil, a human PDE5 inhibitor currently utilized for treatment of erectile dysfunction, and report that these analogs are weak inhibitors of TbrPDEB1.'] == ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Synthesis and evaluation of human phosphodiesterases (PDE) 5 inhibitor analogs as trypanosomal PDE inhibitors. Part 2. Tadalafil analogs.']

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Assessment of coaxial cable for frequency-division-multiplex transmission by means of a c.w.-burst test signal

A c.w.-burst signal is shown to have certain advantages over both pulse and normal c.w. techniques in the testing of coaxial cables intended for long-distance frequency-division-multiplex systems. The burst is made long enough to integrate the effect of reflections over a length of cable, yet sufficiently short to enable connector and termination reflections to be distinguished from those in the cable itself by means of an Ascan oscilloscope display. It is possible, in fact, to measure the v.s.w.r. of any segment of the cable by means of a suitable choice of burst length and observation time. An analysis is presented of the relationship between such a backscattered signal and the perturbation in the forward transmission with systematic irregularities of cable impedance. The effect of jointing practical drum lengths to form a repeater length of cable is discussed, and the analysis is illustrated by reference to the standard 9.5mm cable over the frequency range 10?100MHz.

Absolute distance measuring method is developed by using temporal-coherence interferometry of optical frequency comb with 15-GHz fiber etalons, and a scanning stage. The fringe processing is automatically made with electric circuit.


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Question: One branching rare-isoprene rubber and a rubber composition and a preparation method

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The present invention discloses a branched rare-isoprene rubber and its preparation method, the method comprising, isoprene and branching agent polymerized in a first organic solvent in the presence of a rare earth catalyst, wherein said support agent is a liquid polyisoprene. The present invention further provides a rubber composition containing the above branched rare-isoprene rubber. Branched rare earth present invention isoprene rubber, while maintaining a high cis-1,4 structure content, compared to a linear rare-isoprene rubber, the molecular weight is fairly low viscosity. High tear strength of vulcanizates.

Discloses a crosslinked (meth) acrylate mono alkoxylated new polyols, their preparation, which can be used to prepare the swellable hydrogel crosslinked use of the polymer formed, and the hydrogel-forming polymeric thereof.


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Question: Intraosseous hibernoma or unusual location of brown fat?

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The hibernoma is a rare benign tumor of brown fat. It is most commonly found subcutaneously in the thigh, shoulder, and back of middle-aged adults. Intraosseous hibernomas and brown fat are rarely reported. There are currently two reported cases in the literature, one of which occurred in the setting of essential thrombocythemia (ET). We report an intraosseous brown fat infiltrate found incidentally in a bone marrow biopsy of a 77-year-old female with ET.

A case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a 47-year-old male presenting as an aggressive appearing lesion of the clavicle is reported. It illustrates the difficulties of the radiological diagnosis of a solitary bone lesion.


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Question: Early Therapeutic Process Related to Dropout in Mentalization-Based Treatment With Dual Diagnosis Patients

Negative therapeutic reaction was first described by Freud, and theories about this phenomenon have focused on various patient factors, for example, unconscious guilt, narcissistic pride, and overw ...

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Foreword by John Briere I. Overview of Complex Traumatic Stressors and Sequelae 1. Complex Trauma and Traumatic Stress Reactions 2. Complex Traumatic Stress Reactions and Disorders II. Treatment of Complex Traumatic Stress Reactions and Disorders 3. Preparing for Treatment of Complex Trauma 4. Treatment Goals and Assessment 5. Phase 1: Safety, Stabilization, and Engagement-Measured in Skills, Not Time 6. Phases 2 and 3: Trauma Memory, Emotion Processing, and Application to the Present and Future 7. Systemic Therapy across Phases: Group, Couple, and Family Modalities III. Advanced Treatment Considerations and Relational Issues 8. Into the Breach: Voids, Absences, and the Posttraumatic/Dissociative Relational Field 9. Walking the Walk: The Therapeutic Relationship 10. Transference and Countertransference in Complex Trauma Treatment Postscript References Index


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Question: Conditional Probability and Econometric Models

The concept of conditional probability is fundamental because econometrics regression models are probabilistic. Here, we consider the conditional probabilities to a certain vector, which would be possible to define more generally to the standard deviation ?.

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This chapter contains sections titled: Concept of Frequency Important Parameters of Frequency Distribution Theory of Probability Probability Distribution Model Sampling Theory Statistical Decision Making Conclusions References


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Question: A comparison of the classical and the linear programming approaches to the classification problem in discriminant analysis

Several mathematical programming approaches to the classification problem in discriminant analysis have recently been introduced. This paper empirically compares these newly introduced classification techniques with Fisher's linear discriminant analysis (FLDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), logit analysis, and several rank-based procedures for a variety of symmetric and skewed distributions. The percent of correctly classified observations by each procedure in a holdout sample indicate that while under some experimental conditions the linear programming approaches compete well with the classical procedures, overall, however, their performance lags behind that of the classical procedures.

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A procedure to identify types of measurement error and to determine the total measurement error of a system allows use of statistical process control in the corrugated box industry.


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Question: Successful muscle prombage for directly nonclosable extremely calcified bronchial stump

Severe diffuse chronic calcification can cause an unsuccessful closure of the bronchial stump. An opened stump must be closed with a tissue flap without fixation using the bronchial wall. We performed successful volume double-layered dressing using a technique whereby we divided the latissimus dorsi muscle above and below the left pulmonary artery over the open stump of a severely calcified bronchus.

In 2003, the result from 1433 common belly health the chech-up by B-ultrasontic for the teacher officers and workers of my schoolses manifeste: The super voice appears the abnormality to change with the age but take place the changes.


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Question: Metcalfe and Images of Authority in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Canada

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Metcalfe’s reputation as Governor-General of Canada has been a historiographical football ever since 1847 when the words of his friend Macaulay were inscribed on a marble tablet at the parish church of Winkfieldl to mark Metcalfe’s last resting place.

The Description for this book, Policing Prostitution in Nineteenth-Century Paris, will be forthcoming.


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Question: The origin of non-outbreak Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections on Guam.

A study of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infected patients not associated with known outbreaks and controls matched for sex, ethnicity and age (+/- 5 years) was conducted on Guam. Cases were asked if they had eaten seafood within the 24-hour period preceding onset of illness and controls were asked if they had eaten seafood within the 24-hour period preceding their interview. Cases were more likely than controls to have eaten seafood (OR = 37.59, CL [8.30-220.24]).

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic species of Leptospira In Brazil, this disease is endemic, presenting epidemic potential in rainy seasons. Here, we announce the whole-genome sequences of two L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni strains isolated from blood samples from two icteric patients associated with severe leptospirosis in Brazil.


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Question: The Activities of the European Consortium on Nuclear Data Development and Analysis for Fusion

This paper presents an overview of the activities of the European Consortium on Nuclear Data Development and Analysis for Fusion. The Consortium combines available European expertise to provide services for the generation, maintenance, and validation of nuclear data evaluations and data files relevant for ITER, IFMIF and DEMO, as well as codes and software tools required for related nuclear calculations.

Education and Research in Health Informatics at the Faculty of Medicine of Marseille, Laboratory for Education and Research in Medical Information Processing (LERTIM) -


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Question: Measuring chemical heat production rates of biofuels by isothermal calorimetry for hazardous evaluation modelling

Biofuels are commonly stored in large stacks that may heat up and self-ignite from microbiological and chemical heat production. This paper shows how isothermal (heat conduction) calorimetry can be used to measure heat production rates of biofuels at relatively low temperatures close to where self-heating starts to become a problem. Measurements can be made to assess how the reaction rate is a function of such factors as temperature, extent of reaction, oxygen pressure, water content and the presence of catalytic compounds. In the present paper, measurements on pellets made of wood and bark are presented together with an analysis of how the reaction rate of the bark pellets depends on the oxygen pressure. It is also shown that 1% iron or copper ions increased the reaction rate of wood pellets by a factor of three. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Less)

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Abstract The use of a residue such as chicken fat as a substrate for enzymatic conversion can make enzymatic biodiesel production economically feasible. The present study aims to evaluate the appli...


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Question: The inferring of preferences from indifferences in multicriteria decision analysis

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Rivett [5] has proposed that an approximate preference ordering may be deduced from statements of pairwise indifferences between decision alternatives by using multi-dimensional scaling. In this paper it is demonstrated that much stronger evaluations of preference are possible by applying formal statistical inferential procedures to a simple parametric model, relating indifference to closeness on a scale defined by a linear function of attribute values. This can be used to screen out a considerable proportion of less desirable decision alternatives. The method is illustrated by application to Rivett's problem of the hypothetical Town of Brove, for which a satisfactory matching with Rivett's utilities is obtained. It is also shown that the method can provide useful preference orderings on the basis of less than 20% of all possible pairwise comparisons between alternatives.

ABSTRACTThe random regret minimization (RRM) model considers the relative performance of the alternatives and is therefore context-dependent. In RRM, an individual, when choosing between alternativ...


Question: Experimental Results of Heavy Flavor Production and Correlation at RHIC

Abstract Heavy flavor probes are essential tools to study the strongly coupled quark gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions. The experiments at RHIC pioneered the measurements of production and correlation of heavy flavor probes. This paper presents highlights of these measurements and focus on the recent results.

We summarize the work done in the ``Beyond the Standard Model'' group of the 1995-96 HERA Workshop. Of the various proposed HERA upgrades, the luminosity improvement is the most important for this physics. With an integrated luminosity of 1 $fb^{-1}$, collected by 2005, HERA will remain a competitive and potentially fruitful facility for new physics searches. The full proceedings of the group with the individual reports can be found at: this http URL The topics covered include: ::: 1. Higgs Physics ::: 2. Contact Interactions and Compositeness ::: 3. Lepton Flavor Violation ::: 4. Heavy Neutral Leptons ::: 5. Supersymmetry ::: 5.1 MSSM ::: 5.2 R-Parity Violation ::: 5.3 Light Gluinos ::: 6. Leptoquarks


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Question: Towards environmentally friendly processing of molecular semiconductors

We present the design and synthesis of molecular organic semiconductors enabling processing from environmentally friendly solvents, including ethyl acetate. The structural changes employed do not adversely influence the attractive optical or electronic properties of the parent chromophore. Thin film transistors demonstrate the semiconducting ability of the new structures when processed from ethyl acetate.

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For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper:', 'A laboratory model of Kolmogorov flow in a channel on a cylindrical surface, which eliminates the channel end effect observed in plane channels, has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. The number of half-periods of the external force could be varied from two to 22. It is shown that the type of secondary flow depends on the number of half-periods of the basic flow: traveling wave for an odd number of half-periods, quasisteady vortex structure for an even number of half-periods, and a self-oscillating regime when the channel width is equal to four half-periods. The theoretical analysis is based on the use of the Galerkin approximation of the equations of hydrodynamics. The system of equations obtained is solved numerically in conjunction with an analysis of the naturally arising eigenvalue problems.']>>  to "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract!', 'Experimental and theoretical investigation of Kolmogorov flow on a cylindrical surface']"

Since its inception a decade ago, sol-gel encapsulation has opened up an intriguing new way to immobilize biological materials. An array of substances, including catalytic antibodies, DNA, RNA, antigens, live bacterial, fungal, plant and animal cells and whole protozoa, have been encapsulated in silica, metal-oxide, organosiloxane and hybrid sol-gel polymers. The advantages of these 'living ceramics' might give them applications as optical and electrochemical sensors, diagnostic devices, catalysts, and even bioartificial organs. With rapid advances in sol-gel precursors, nanoengineered polymers, encapsulation protocols and fabrication methods, this technology promises to revolutionize bioimmobilization.


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Question: The Activity of Primaquine‐Pyrimethamine (Daraprim®) Combinations Against Plasmodium relictum in Pigeons

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SUMMARY. As part of an extended series of experiments, various combinations of primaquine-pyrimethamine were tested against pigeons infected with Plasmodium relictum. ::: ::: ::: ::: (a) Rapid clearance of blood forms was observed, although each component had been reduced to one-half of its previously established MED (minimal effective dose) for such clearance when administered alone. ::: ::: ::: ::: (b) Primaquine-pyrimethamine was followed by unprecedented delays in relapse after drug withdrawal. Such delays had not been elicited in any previous experiments in the series, employing each component alone, or chloroquine alone, or primaquine-chloroquine combinations, or pamaquine-plasmocid-chloroquine (Premaline N).

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Demonstration of the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Substance P (NK 1 ) Receptor Antagonist in Major Depression


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Question: Long range azimuthal correlations of multiple gluons in gluon saturation limit

We calculate the inclusive gluon correlation function for arbitrary number of gluons with full rapidity and transverse momentum dependence for the initial glasma state of the p-p, p-A, and A-A collisions. The formula we derive via superdiagrams generates cumulants for any number of gluons. Higher order cumulants contain information on correlations between multiple gluons, and they are necessary for calculations of higher dimensional ridges as well as flow coefficients from multiparticle correlations.

The space-time evolution of J/psi production in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC energy is investigated in a transport model. Both gluon dissociation and continuous regeneration of J/psis inside deconfined state are considered.


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Question: An Improved Message Broadcast Scheme over Wireless Sensor Networks

In a multi-hop wireless sensor network, broadcasting is an elementary operation to support command message sending, route discovery and other application tasks. Broadcasting by flooding may cause serious redundancy, contention, and collision in the network, which is referred to as the broadcast storm problem. Many broadcasting schemes have been proposed to give better performance than simple flooding in wireless sensor network. How to decide whether re-broadcast or not also poses a dilemma between reach ability and efficiency under different host densities. In this paper, we present popular broadcasting schemes, which can reduce re-broadcast packets and improve SRB(Saved ReBroadcast). Simulation results show different levels of improvement over the simple flooding scheme.

List of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Transmission Line Theory. 3. Evaluating the Transient Response of Linear Networks. 4. Mosfet Current-Voltage Characteristics. 5. Figures of Merit to Characterize the Importance of on-Chip Inductance in Single Lines. 6. Effects of Inductance on the Propagation Delay and Repeater Insertion Process in RLC Lines. 7. Equivalent Elmore Delay for RLC Trees. 8. Characterizing Inductance Effects in RLC Trees. 9. Repeater Insertion in Tree Structured Inductive Interconnect. 10. Dynamic and Short-Circuit Power of CMOS Gates Driving Lossless Transmission Lines. 11. Exploiting On-Chip Inductance in High Speed Clock Distribution Networks. 12. Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of the Transient Response in RLC Circuits: The DTT Method. 13. On the Extraction of On-Chip Inductance. 14. Conclusions. Bibliography. Appendices. Index. About the Authors.