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Question: Characterization of circular spiral patch for wireless charging radiator

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This paper presents wireless charging radiator design based on electromagnetic coupling resonant. The radiator which is developed based on microstrip technology is expected to work at center frequency of 13MHz. A circular spiral patch has been implemented to accomplish the specifications. Prior hardware realization, the performance of radiator is investigated through simulation. The optimum design for fabrication which is selected based on simulation result have dimension less than 50mm × 65mm, 2890.17mm patch length, 0.3mm patch width, and 0.3mm gap between patch. The experimental measurement is carried out to demonstrate the performance of two radiators as a wireless charging system, one as transmitter and another one as receiver. From simulation result, the radiator works at frequency of 13MHz and has 5n parameter value of −4.096dB. Meanwhile the resonant frequency and parameter value of realized radiator are 13.2MHz and −3.53dB, respectively.

Radio frequency energy harvesting methods for wireless applications have been widely investigated, however limited number of these methods have been capable of generating sufficient energy levels, in which can be leveraged as feasible sources for implantable medical devices, in particular implantable rectenna. Such rectennas can provide unlimited energy for the lifespan of implanted devices. This paper presents a fabricated rectenna using the biocompatible material Silicon Carbide (SiC) and a rectifier system including matching network of 47.7% power efficiency. The developed SiC rectenna is intended for wireless biomedical power transmission. This proposed SiC rectenna has the potential to extend the battery life of implantable medical devices.


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The notion of a metric modular on an arbitrary set and the corresponding modular spaces, generalizing classical modulars over linear spaces and Orlicz spaces, were recently introduced and studied by the author [Chistyakov: Dokl. Math. 73(1):32–35, 2006 and Nonlinear Anal. 72(1):1–30, 2010]. In this chapter we present yet one more application of the metric modulars theory to the existence of fixed points of modular contractive maps in modular metric spaces. These are related to contracting generalized average velocities rather than metric distances, and the successive approximations of fixed points converge to the fixed points in the modular sense, which is weaker than the metric convergence. We prove the existence of solutions to a Caratheodory-type differential equation with the right-hand side from the Orlicz space. Metric modular, Modular convergence, Modular contraction, Fixed point, Mapping of finite φ-variation, Caratheodory-type differential equation

Scientific journals published on the Web are still based on a print model. Knowledge in those articles is in text format which is not processable by softwares. A Web publishing environment is proposed which enables authors to publish articles both as a text and a software "understandable" format. Sixty articles from Health Science electronic journals were analyzed to test and evaluate the model. The results of the analysis and the model proposed are shown and discussed.


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Provided: ['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Analysis of the "One Circle,One Cluster,On Belt" Logistics Economy of Shandong Province'] Match: ['represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Using growth pole theory,the paper studies the economic indices of the three growth poles of the"one circle,one cluster,on belt" urban arrangement of Shandong province and proposes suggestions and measures for development of the three economic circles and their logistics industry.'] Hard Negative: ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionThe Information Sharing to Make Use of an ICT SystemThe Evaluation Function of the ICT SystemThe Value Propagation Chain Caused by the ICT SystemActive Use of the Evaluation Function in KPMAn Example of Visualizing the Effect of Risk Distribution on InvestmentSample calculationDiscussionConclusionReferences']

Question: Can portable chest x-ray examination accurately diagnose lung consolidation after major abdominal surgery? A comparison with computed tomography scan.

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For instance, <<['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', 'Finite ground plane effects of circularly-polarized circular microstrip antenna (CMA), working in dominant TM11 mode, are studied. The results of an analytic solution, based on the induced currents on the ground plane, show that the beamwidth where the axial ratio is below 3 dB, has its maximum value when the ground diameter is around 0.6 λ. This result is verified by full-wave simulation and through experiment. Based on the results, we conclude that for a single circularly polarized CMA, a ground diameter around 0.68 λ, ensures an axial ratio which remains below 3 dB in the upper hemisphere. This is particularly useful for the global positioning system.']>>  to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Study of finite ground plane effects in circularly-polarized circular microstrip antennas']"

PURPOSE ::: To prospectively quantify the degree of accuracy of portable chest x-ray film examination in the detection of postoperative lung consolidations. ::: ::: ::: STUDY ::: Nineteen patients had a chest x-ray film and computed tomography (CT) scan the day before and 48 h following elective abdominal aortic replacement. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: The diagnosis of lung consolidations by x-ray film examination showed sensitivity of between 0.33 and 1.00, depending on the lung zone considered (lower at the lung bases). Specificity always was greater than 0.79. Radiologic lung volume decreased 16 percent postoperatively (p < 0.01) on average and noninflated parenchyma increased by a factor of 3 (p < 0.0001). Postoperatively, PaO2 correlated with the amount of condensed lung by CT scan (p < 0.002). ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSION ::: In postoperative conditions, x-ray film examination is a method which presents good specificity but poor sensitivity in the diagnosis of lung consolidations.

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Background ::: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, clinical impact and outcome of perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.


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"['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'The time is now for action research']" == "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper!', 'Despite highly systematic methods for identifying priority problems and assessing intervention effects, the recent study by Tourgeman-Bashkin and colleagues would not be considered rigorous by conventional standards of validity, nor would its sample size of three units impress policymakers eager to promote large-scale change through improvement programs. Yet, study findings suggest that no single intervention would have accomplished as much as the action research approach the authors’ employed. This perspective argues that although action research may lend itself to neither clean comparisons of intervention and control units over time nor far-reaching improvement campaigns, its advantages, including responsiveness to context, emphasis on implementation and sustainability, and insight about underlying mechanisms of change, make rigorous action research a highly attractive alternative for engendering real world improvement.']" != "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Our regular contributor dissects three books and two major reports dealing with the subject of management.']"

Question: Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes Anchored to Physics Map of Rice Genome

Up to the present day,there are a total of 35 bacterial blight resistance genes registered internationally or reported in international journals.Among them,26 genes were mapped,including Xa29(t),xa34(t) on chromosome 1;Xa11 on chromosome 3;Xa1,Xa2,Xa12,Xa14,Xa25(t),Xa31(t) on chromosome 4;xa5 on chromosome 5;Xa7,Xa27(t),xa33(t) on chromosome 6;xa8 on chromosome 7;xa13 on chromosome 8;Xa3/Xa26,Xa4,Xa10,Xa21,Xa22(t),Xa23,Xa30(t),Xa32(t),Xa36(t) on chromosome 11;xa25,xa32(t) on chromosome 12.8 bacterial blight resistance genes were cloned,including Xa1,xa5,xa13,Xa21,Xa23,xa25,Xa26 and Xa27.Molecular markers of bacterial blight resistance genes from GRAMENE website were anchored to the physics map of Gramene Annotated Nipponbare Sequence 2009.26 bacterial blight resistance genes were anchored to the physics map 26 units place through this research.The work laid the foundation for cloning bacterial blight resistance genes and the marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.

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P. Day and M. Strauss, Part I: Summary: J.E. Thorpe, G.A.E. Gall, J.E. Lannan, C.E. Nash, and B. Ballachey, The Need to Manage Fish and Shellfish Genetic Resources. Human Interventions and Genetic Risks. The Conservation of Genetic Resources through Risk Management. Status of Aquatic Genetic Resource Management. References. Appendix. Part II: Management Studies: J.E. Thorpe and L. Stradmeyer, The Atlantic Salmon. D. Hedgecock, The Cupped Oyster. G.W. Wohlfarth, The Common Carp and Chinese Carps. A.E. Eknath, The Nile Tilapia. References. Subject Index.


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Question: Calculation of Percolating Clusters Characteristics in Mixed Matrix Membrane with CNT

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"['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A small antipodal Vivaldi antenna with rectangular slits at sun-shaped configuration and a half elliptical-shaped dielectric lens is designed for microwave and millimeter-wave imaging applications. The slits are developed to extend low end of frequency band and increase antenna gain at lower frequencies, while the lens is applied to this antenna to feature high gain at higher frequencies, high front-to-back ratio, low sidelobe and cross-polarization levels, narrow half-power beamwidth, and modification on E-plane tilt of beam. A prototype of the antenna with small size of 30 × 55 × 0.508 mm3 is fabricated and employed as a part of microwave and millimeter-wave imaging system. Applicability of the proposed antenna for 3-D and 2-D images of targets such as rubber discs and metal rods at different depths inside construction materials including foam and plasterboard sheet-layered structures is demonstrated. High-range resolution images are achieved by applying synthetic aperture radar algorithm.']" == "['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract\nE.g. Polycyanovinyl Transition Metal Derivatives == An important principle in cyanocarbon chemistry1 is the analogy between the oxygen atom and the dicyanomethylene moiety in many compounds.2,3 On the basis of this analogy polycyanovinyl halides (I) correspond to acyl halides and thus should be reactive towards nucleophiles in contrast to ordinary vinyl halides, which are relatively unreactive towards nucleophiles. Such considerations suggested reactions of polycyanovinyl halides with metal carbonyl anions4 as a method for the preparation of novel polycyanovinyl transition metal derivatives. != Perspectives and Summary 227 Structure 228 Reductases 230 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formaldehyde ...... 233 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formate 240 Reaction of the One-Carbon Unit at the Methyl Leve/ of Oxidation 244 Pterin-Dependent Hydraxy/ations 245', 'Improved Radiation Characteristics of Small Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Imaging Applications']"

Abstract Parameters of a percolation cluster of cylindrical particles in the films are calculated by the Monte Carlo method. For particles of different sizes, characteristics and dimensions of the percolation cluster are modeled. It is shown that at the same concentration of particles in the films, fluctuations of the percolation cluster parameters can lead to a change in the transport characteristics of composite materials.

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Characterization of Linear Poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) and Cloud Points in its Aqueous Solutions


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Question: Network, Gender, and Contextual Effects

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Relationships are central to human life strategies and have crucial fitness consequences. Yet, at the same time, they incur significant maintenance costs that are rarely considered in either social psychological or evolutionary studies. Although many social psychological studies have explored their dynamics, these studies have typically focused on a small number of emotionally intense ties, whereas social networks in fact consist of a large number of ties that serve a variety of different functions. In this study, we examined how entire active personal networks changed over 18 months across a major life transition. Family relationships and friendships differed strikingly in this respect. The decline in friendship quality was mitigated by increased effort invested in the relationship, but with a striking gender difference: relationship decline was prevented most by increased contact frequency (talking together) for females but by doing more activities together in the case of males.

Contents: The Information Society - The Digital Divide - The Digital Practice Perspective - The Digital Practice of Weak Tie Development - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Family Ties via Mobile Phone - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Digital Enclaves - The Digital Practice Perspective and Social Policy: Improving the Social, Cultural, and Civic Quality of the Digital Environment - Conclusion: Smart Mobs, Flash Mobs, Flash Robs and the Revolutionary Potential of the Digital Environment.


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Question: A novel amorphous Fe2V4O13 as cathode material for lithium secondary batteries

Abstract Amorphous Fe 2 V 4 O 13 has been synthesized by the liquid precipitation method. The compound showed nano-lamellar structure with the average thickness of layer was about 40 nm, which leads to an enhanced lithium ion transport and sustained volume variations. The initial specific capacity is 235 mAh/g, and the specific capacity still remained 201 mAh g − 1 after 40 cycles at the rate of 0.25 C in the range of 2.0–4.0 V, which only brought about an 14% reduction of the capacity. The results show that the amorphous nanostructured Fe 2 V 4 O 13 is a novel promising cathode material due to its high specific capacity, power density and good cycle performance.

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5,10,15,20-Tetrakis (4-aminophenyl) Mn-porphyrin and 2,4,6-trihydroxy-1,3,5-benzenetricarbaldehyde were combined into a new mesoporous organic framework by a Schiff-base-type reaction. Sn(OH)x helped in improving the yield of this Mn-COF. Further, S-containing dimethyl sulfoxide solvent molecules were tripped in the pores of Mn-COFs. Such heteroatoms-enriched Mn-COFs could be used to fabricate Mn–S–N-doped carbons (Mn–S–N–Cs) with abundant mesopores. In particular, Mn–Nx sites could be partly maintained and highly dispersed on the surface of Mn–S–N–Cs; impressively, Mn–N–S–C-800 could be catalyzed for oxygen electroreduction in both alkaline and acidic media. Its half-wave potential reached 0.86 V in 0.1 M KOH, with a very low yield of HO2− (4.02%) and better durability. The thermal conversion of the synthesized mesoporous porphyrinic Mn-COFs provided an efficient strategy for fabricating high-dispersion Mn–Nx sites on mesoporous S and N codoped carbons.


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Question: STUY ON BIOCHEMICAL OXIDIZATION TECHNOLOGY OF TREATING TETRACYCLINE WASTEWATER

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This paper reported that the best coagulant for waste water from afactory about tetracycline is the mixture made of PAM(15mg/kg)and FeSO4·7H2O(3000mg/kg).Using tame germ,We have determined BOD5 value of the water,itwas 1873mg/L as COD va1ue was 2764mg/L,BOD5/COD≈68%. It meaned the oxy-gen-demanding wastes may be reduced easily by biochemical oxidization·COD re-duced from 4488mg/L to 549mg/L by biomembrance in two days. The most germsurviving in the waste were any G+germ in the bac1llus.Radiated with Y─ray,the waste water has restrained germ no longer.

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: On the encoding of movement vectors by honeybees. Are distance and direction represented independently?

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Honeybees flying repeatedly over the same trajectory link it to an associated visual stimulus such that on viewing the stimulus they perform a trajectory in the habitual direction. To test if trajectory length can also be linked to a visual stimulus, bees were trained to fly through a multi-comparmented maze. Bees flew through a multi-compartmented maze. In one compartment a short trajectory could be linked to a stripe pattern oriented at 45° to the horizontal. In another compartment a longer trajectory could be linked to 135° stripes. Bees made both associations: their trajectories were short when viewing 45° stripes and longer when viewing 135° stripes. 90° stripes evoked trajectories of intermediate length.

Head direction (HD) cells fire in relation to an animal’s directional heading. To examine how these cells may be involved in spatial behavior, HD cells were recorded while animals performed a navigation task requiring the use of a cognitive mapping strategy. Results showed no relationship between performance on the task and the directional stability of the HD cell activity. The HD cell signal, therefore, appears to not always be used by the animal to guide its behavior during all navigation tasks.


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Question: Participative Design With Top Management: Anchoring Visions by the Problem Mapping Technique

This article reports on a project introducing techniques from the MUST method for IT designers in a large international supplier of systems for tax assessment and auditing. The focus is on evaluating the fit between the supplier's system and the customer's requirements, particularly through meetings aimed at aligning top management with the supplier's analysis. The article describes the MUST method's anchoring principle and the technique of problem mapping supporting this principle. This participatory approach resulted in mutual learning processes with top management, which is rarely reported on in the PD community. Top management participated by reviewing, challenging, and reformulating the IT designers' central suppositions, assumptions, and hypotheses related to the causal relation between identified problems and suggested solutions.

1. An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems and Participatory Geographical Information Science 2. A Micro-Macro Framework for Participatory Decision Situations 3. Methods and Tools for Participatory Spatial Decision Support 4. Social Behavioural Research Strategies for Investigating the Use of Participatory Geographical Information Systems 5. Collaborative Spatial Decision Making in Primary Health Care Management 6. Transportation Improvement Program Decision Making 7. Collaborative Decision Making About Habitat Restoration 8. Conclusions and Prospects for Future Research


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Question: Automotive User Terminal and Base Station with Associated Printer

IR system, from a predetermined position, and writes the specific information relating to the accident occurs at the predetermined position. The system includes a user terminal for recording specific details of the accident. Data acquisition unit for communication with the user terminal and collects data related to the accident. The processor is in communication with the data acquisition unit, and processing the collected data to provide a data format suitable for printing. The printing unit, is connected to the user terminal in order from the location of the incident, to print the said format data to provide information about the accident.

Abstract : Contents: Routing and Acknowledgement Schemes for the Packet Radio System; System Capacity and Data Rate Considerations; Radio frequency Channel Capacity Considerations; Measurement Program for Packet Radio Channel Characterization; Dynamically Allocated Multiple-Channel Network Concept; Notes on Radar Test; Modulation Waveform Types; Synchronization Preambles; Impact of Channet Options on Repeater Design; Power Budget Analysis; Powers Sources for Repeaters and Terminals; Criteria of Code Selection in Minimum Shift Keyer Sense; and Microprocessor Components.


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Question: A method of operating a switching device, the test device, and a switch apparatus for a measurement device for transformers

The switch device (10) for measuring a voltage converter device (30) comprises a controllable switch means (14) configured to short-circuit the terminals 11 of the plurality of transformer windings. A method for operating the switch 10 testing device 40 and switch 10 including the (50) is also disclosed. In the devices of 10, 40 and method 50 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention, can be reduced through the work effort, time consuming and error and automated testing of inaccuracy are transformers.

The invention relates to an electronic assembly having a non-volatile memory device with a controllable write protection feature and a switching configuration for generating a write protection signal from potentials at the supply terminals of the electronic assembly.


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Question: On the unsteady flow of a fairly concentrated suspension due to contracting or expanding walls of a tube

Consummating our earlier work [1], the unsteady flow of a fairly concentrated suspension due to a single contraction or expansion of the walls of a tube is studied. A comparison of the results obtained by using two different formulae for the additional drag terms in the governing equations has been made. A region of circulation in the flow field is observed when the volume fraction Z greater-or-equal, slanted 0.3, the Schmidt number Sc 1.

Results are reported for an experimental investigation of the transition flow region in a free axisymmetric jet of incompressible viscous fluid ejected from a profiled nozzle and long cylindrical tube.


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Question: Effect of curvature to the Nonlinear Stability of Curved Beam

The instability mode and its limiting inflection supporting capacity of the curved girder have always been a big issue in curved girder application.With the circular-arc-shape horizontal steel curved girder as the study object,the paper makes research on the instability mode and the limiting inflection supporting capacity on various curvatures.

Summaries of research accomplished are given for the following areas: Morphological (Diffusional) Stability; A New Algorithm for Numerical Modeling of Non-equilibrium Materials Behavior; A Unified Treatment of Single and Microcrystalline Film Edge Instabilities; and Validation of the Structure Based Grain Boundary Diffusion/Migration Model.


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Question: Optimized DNA sequences of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and coded protein thereof

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Optimized DNA sequences of optimized recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and coded protein thereof are disclosed. The recombinant protein rhBMP-2SEDIDNO.1 is obtained by adding MGAKQ pentapeptide to 110 amino acids at the C end of human BMP-2 mature peptide, wherein the fifth amino acid H of the BMP-2 mature peptide is mutated into Q. By codon optimization, the optimized DNA sequences which are SEQIDNO.2 and SEQIDNO.3 are obtained by the constructed recombinant rhBMP-2 protein sequence. After recombination of adding the pentapeptide or dipeptide into the BMP-2 mature peptide, the protein expression quantity can be increased to more than 30%, subsequent purification and renaturation are easier, and a high renaturation efficiency can be obtained, thus obviously increasing the yield, allowing the biological activity to be higher, and fitting industrial production better.

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a member of the IL-6 cytokine family, having pleiotropic actions such as maintaining stem cell pluripotency and enabling blastocyst implantation. Because the action of LIF is mediated by a ligand-receptor interaction with the LIF receptor (LIF-R), an antagonist for LIF-R has been developed to inhibit LIF-induced signaling. In this study, we present a novel method for the production and purification of an antagonist to human LIF-R (hLA). His-tagged hLA was expressed in E. coli, and simple purification methods without any endopeptidase cleavage were designed. In addition, we determined the optimal temperature conditions for enhancing the production of soluble hLA. Finally, the bioactivity of His-tagged hLA was examined using STAT3 phosphorylation and receptivity of human endometrial ECC-1 cells. Our strategy provides a rapid and efficient method to produce biologically active recombinant hLA.


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Question: A High Performance K Band Broadband Detector

In this paper , CAD design and experiment results for a high performance broadband detector are presented .The whole circuit is assembled in the form of waveguid E-plane integrated circuit.The waveguid to microstrip transition is realized by antipodal finline.By using high frequency electromagnetic simulation and microwave cicuit CAD software,the design of this detector is accomplished.Simulations show that the detector has excellent performance,which is agreed with the test results.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dipole Basic Characteristics Partial Sleeve, PIFA, and Patch Loops Dielectric Resonator Antennas References


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Question: Bifurcation of limit cycles at the equator for a class of polynomial differential system

Abstract In this paper, center conditions and bifurcation of limit cycles from the equator for a class of polynomial system of degree seven are studied. The method is based on converting a real system into a complex system. The recursion formula for the computation of singular point quantities of complex system at the infinity, and the relation of singular point quantities of complex system at the infinity with the focal values of its concomitant system at the infinity are given. Using the computer algebra system Mathematica, the first 14 singular point quantities of complex system at the infinity are deduced. At the same time, the conditions for the infinity of a real system to be a center and 14 order fine focus are derived respectively. A system of degree seven that bifurcates 13 limit cycles from the infinity is constructed for the first time.

This paper deals with the global attractivity of stationary solution of a class of reaction diffusion equations with time delays.


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Question: Smart Antenna for Mobile Television

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The article expatiates smart antenna and mobile television technologies, puts forward the idea of mobile television using smart antenna,pointes out the advantages and disadvantages of several schemes, and points out the direction for future research.

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Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: Primary Fixation of Acromioclavicular Joint Disruption

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Acromioclavicular (AC) joint separations are frequently seen injuries and may lead to severe impairment of shoulder function. Numerous treatment options have been proposed in the literature. Although low-grade injuries (types I and II) should be initially managed nonsurgically, surgical management is typically recommended for high-grade lesions (types IV through VI). Surgery is suggested for type III lesions in heavy laborers or high-level athletes. Owing to the relatively high complication rates of modern anatomical double-tunnel AC reconstruction techniques, the authors present a preferred single-tunnel technique with additional AC joint suture cord cerclage for improved horizontal stability. This technique allows the combination of small drill hole diameter with ultra-high-strength suture tape material and large cortical fixation buttons.

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Abstract : Contents: Historical Perspective; Treatment Goals; Anatomic Illustrations; Early Care; Triage and Patient Evaluation; Hypovolemic Shock Presurgical Considerations; Surgical Management; Care at Intermediate Facilities, Late Care (Reconstruction-Rehabilitation); Bone Graft Reconstruction; Preprosthetic Surgery; Case Reports; and Research in Acquired Craniofacial Disfigurement.


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Question: Analysis of the Negotiation between Local Government and Peasants in Land Expropriation

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During the accelerated process of urbanization,a mass of country-owned lands was requisited into trade estate.During the land requisition,the relationship between local government and land-confiscated peasants was actually gambling relationship.The setup of selling land and compensation dominated by local government made the land-confiscated peasants nothing in the land expropriation.The root of zero-sum game rested with following several aspects.The objections of the current system of land requisition resulted in unjust gambling rule.The strength of local government and land-confiscated peasants was out of balance,which resulted in the weak place of land-confiscated peasants.Local government made use of the double role of gambling rule constitutor and interest gambler to pursuit the maximization of self-interest and ultimately the land-confiscated peasants could not escape from the destiny of failure.

Introduction Problems and Prospects of Preventing Conflict of Interest in Local Governments in the CEE Countries Chapter 1 The Bulgarian Experience with Building a Framework for the Prevention of Conflict of Interest Situations in Local Governments Chapter 2 The Progress of Regulation of Conflict of Interest in Local Government in Latvia Chapter 3 Difficulties with Implementation of Conflict of Interest Regulation in Polish Local Government Chapter 4 New Ways of Managing Conflict of Interest Problems in Romania Chapter 5 Conflict of Interest in Russian Local Government: Challenges for New Legislation Chapter 6 Waiting for a Conflict of Interest Constitutional Law in Slovakia Index


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Question: Data Stream Mining: Challenges and Techniques

Data streams are continuous flows of data. Examples of data streams include network traffic, sensor data, call center records and so on. Their sheer volume and speed pose a great challenge for the data mining community to mine them. Data streams demonstrate several unique properties: infinite length, concept-drift, concept-evolution, and feature-evolution. Concept-drift occurs in data streams when the underlying concept of data changes over time. Concept-evolution occurs when new classes evolve in streams. Feature-evolution occurs when feature set varies with time in data streams. Each of these properties adds a challenge to data stream mining. This invited talk will present an organized picture on how to handle various data mining techniques in data streams: in particular, how to handle classification in evolving data streams by addressing these challenges.

Systems: Origin and Evolution, Terms and Concepts. Systems and Complexity. Systems and Measurement. Systems and Modeling: Diagrams and System Identification. Systems View of Management and Organizations. Systems Approach to 'Problem Solving'. Systems Theory in International Relations. Systems Models of Dynamic Processes. Quantitative Cybernetics. System and Model Decomposition. Systems Science: Making Sense of the Philosophical Issues. Index.


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Question: Prevalence and characteristics of migraine among adolescents: a questionnaire survey.

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A screening questionnaire was distributed to 1000 boys and 1000 girls, studying in classes VI to X (11 to 15 years) in two public schools of Jaipur. Questionnaire A consisted of a single question to parents. "Does your child suffer from recurrent headache?" To those who responded in the affirmative, a detailed questionnaire (B) was distributed Questionnaire B consisted of twenty questions pertaining to characteristics and associations of headache. From questionnaire B a diagnosis of common migraine was made according to IHS criteria (1988). The prevalence of recurrent headache was found to be 18% in boys and 21% in girls, while the prevalence of migraine was 9% in boys and 14% in girls. Among the other causes of recurrent headache tension type headache was seen in 3.6%, eye problems in 0.389% sinusitis in 0.22%, and undetermined etiology in 2.14% children. The clinical characteristics of migraine are described.

AbstractAim: To assess the burden and underlying factors of malnutrition among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in the remote Sumba Island, Indonesia.Methods: This is a community-based key informa...


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Question: Ultrashort pulse compression and delivery in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber at 540 nm wavelength.

We have fabricated a bandgap-guiding hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) capable of transmitting and compressing ultrashort pulses in the green spectral region around 532 nm. When propagating subpicosecond pulses through 1 m of this fiber, we have observed soliton-effect temporal compression by up to a factor of 3 to around 100 fs. This reduces the wavelength at which soliton effects have been observed in hollow-core PCF by over 200 nm. We have used the pulses delivered at the output of the fiber to machine micrometer-scale features in copper.

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We report the experimental demonstration of the supercontinuum extended to ultraviolet region of 200–400 nm by the effect of cross phase modulation between the anti-Stokes signal at 400–550 nm and pump soliton.


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Question: Sulfur speciation on the surface of chalcopyrite leached by Acidianus manzaensis

Sulfur speciation on the surface of chalcopyrite leached by extremely thermophilic Acidianus manzaensis was investigated by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). SEM micrographs showed that the cells were attached to the surface of chalcopyrite and the mineral surface was covered with many floccules after 20-day bioleaching. XRD spectra indicated that the leach residue was mainly composed of chalcopyrite and jarosite, whilst the sulfur K-edge spectra indicated that the jarosite might be the main component of the passivation layer of the chalcopyrite leached by A. manzaensis. The results of spectral graphic analysis suggested that covellite was the intermediate sulfur compound during bioleaching of chalcopyrite.

Oxidation of three selected organic model materials, saccharose, gelatine and styrene-divinylbenzene with and without combustion catalysts, was studied with a derivatograph.


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Question: Volumetric Breast Density Estimation on Digitized Mammograms — A Preliminary Clinical Study

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We have developed a method to perform quantitative volumetric analysis of mammographic density (VBD) from digitized screen-film mammograms. The method is being tested on two different ethnic groups of women aged 50 years or older, having greatly different risks of breast cancer. The average VBD in the lower risk group of women was found to be significantly lower than that in the higher risk group. The average entrance exposure (mR) for the lower risk group was also found to be much lower, despite similar average compressed breast thickness obtained for the two groups of women.

A. Filippidis, M. Russo, L.C. Jain: Novel Extension of ART2 in Surface Landmine Detection.- M. Blume: An Efficient Mapping of Fuzzy ART onto a Neural Architecture.- M. Blume, D.A. Van Blerkom: Fuzzy ARTMAP Modifications for Intersecting Class Distributions.- A.-H. Tan: Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory and Rules.- G. Bartfai, R. White: Incremental Learning and Optimization of Hierarchical Clusterings with ART-Based Modular Networks.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part I - Architectures and Algorithms.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part II - Applications.- T. Serrano-Gotarredona, B. Linares-Barranco: Adaptive Resonance Theory Microchips.


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Question: Grouting construction method for high pressure and rich water zone of tunnel and orifice pipe component

The invention relates to the tunnel construction technology, and particularly relates to a grouting construction method for the high pressure and rich water zone of a tunnel and an orifice pipe component used in the grouting construction of the high pressure and rich water zone of the tunnel. The method can realize the grouting construction of the high pressure and rich water zone of the tunnel through a simple and reliable way, and comprises the following steps: drill holes extending in the direction perpendicular to or inclined relative to the surface of the work wall are formed on the work wall of the tunnel; the drill holes are filled with a flow-state solidifiable filling; the inner ends of orifice pipes are inserted into the drill holes, so that the filling is squeezed out of the drill holes from the gaps between the outer surface of the orifice pipes and the inner surface of the drill holes; the orifice pipes are fixed on the work wall; and the outer ends of the orifice pipes are sealed.

With the depletion of shallow resources,the mine continued extension of the increasing depth of mining,roadway support highlights the growing problem in Linnancang Mining Company,and the deformation of the deep soft rock tunnel has caused great difficulties to support.To solve this problem,the company has adopted composite approach in the dark underground-650 yards of soft rock roadway support,and achieved some results.


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Question: A natural rubber medical gloves and preparation method

The present invention discloses a medical glove of natural rubber and its preparation method, the method using the rubber medical gloves made of, tearing of more than 8.0N, elongation greater than 750%, to GB10213-2006 "rubber disposable medical examination gloves "requirements; gloves, soft, easy to use and comfortable; at the same time have a good oil resistance, solvent resistance.

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The invention belongs to technological field of kit for collection and preservation of oral mucosa castoff cells for individual and family health care and medicine. The said kit for oral mucosa castoff cells collection and beforehand collection and stable preservation of nucleic acid comprising external packing box, oral mucosa castoff cells collecting tube, tube for beforehand collection and stable preservation of nucleic acid and oral mucosa castoff cells collecting stick, whereof oral mucosa castoff cells collecting tube contains transparent isoosmotic solution, whereas extracting solution from nucleic acid contained in tube for beforehand collection and stable preservation of nucleic acid.


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Question: Reviewing transport governance: the case of Leeds, UK

The UK Department for Transport recently announced a range of initiatives to support a more coherent approach to transport planning and delivery in the major urban areas of England. Specifically, the Local Transport Act, which received royal assent in late 2008, enables groups of local authorities and their partners to review their transport governance arrangements and, if appropriate, publish a programme of statutory and non-statutory reforms aimed at improving integration, efficiency and effectiveness of decision making. This paper considers the process of carrying out a governance review in the specific context of Leeds city region. This area comprises 11 local authorities centred on the West Yorkshire conurbation, but also includes parts of North and South Yorkshire, where responsibilities for transport planning, funding and delivery are split across a range of councils, national and regional agencies, as well as multiple public and private sector service providers. The governance review is designed t...

Keep moving: Improving the mobility of older people. : An example of research collaboration in Europe.


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Question: Depth-Averaged Boussinesq Equations Applied to Flow in a Converging Channel

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Supereritical flow in a contracting channel is simulated by numerically solving the 2D depth-averaged Boussinesq equations using a fmite-difference model DASH (Molls and Chaudhry 1995, Molls et al. 1995). To accomplish the time differencing, the model uses a second-order accurate Beam and Warming approximation; while, the spatial derivatives are approximated by second-order accurate central differencing. The equations are solved using an alternating direction-implicit (ADI) scheme. Due to the formation of cross waves, the water depth varies considerably in, and downstream of, the contraction and a non-hydrostatic pressure distribution is anticipated. To ascertain the importance of the Boussinesq terms, results are obtained with and without these terms. The numerical results are compared with experimental data reported by Ippen and Dawson (1951) for flow in a straight-walled contraction. The results indicate that including the Boussinesq terms does not significantly alter the converged solution.

This report contains sections describing: Monte Carlo Calculation of Chemical Potential of a Stockmayer Fluid, Fractional Brownian Diffusion in Molecularly Thin Films, On Spectral Measure and Monte Carlo Approaches to Flow in Heterogeneous Media, Shear Melting of Molecularly-Thin Confined Films, Nonlocal Diffusion and Strain-Induced Liquification at Particulate Media, Hierarchical Problems: Some conceptual Difficulties in the Development of Transport Equations, Application of Multiple-Angle-of-Incidence Ellipsometry to the Study of Thin Films Adsorbed on Surfaces, On Adsorption and Diffusion at Rough Surfaces: A Comparison of Statistical Mechanic, Molecular Dynamics and Kinetic Theory, Fluids in Micropores: Self-Diffusion in a Slit-Pore with Hard Rough Walls, and Nonlocal Transport Theories for Media with Microstructure.


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Question: Behavioral crowds: Modeling and Monte Carlo simulations toward validation

Abstract A mesoscopic model of behavioral crowds is developed within the framework of the kinetic theory for active particles. An analytic long-time equilibrium solution is obtained which gives a fundamental density-velocity diagram consistent with the empirical evidence. Numerical simulations based on a Monte Carlo particle method show that the proposed model has the capability to qualitatively depict emerging behaviors and to provide a realistic description of the crowd dynamics in complex evacuation scenarios.

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A new framework for description and analysis of uncertainty in dynamic systems is briefly described.


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Question: A systematic method for optimizing the electron beam hardening process

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The objective of this study was to identify the significant conditions to provide electron beam surface hardening of heat treatable carbon steel. Computer modelling to determine the dependence of surface hardness and hardened layer thickness on the electron beam energy density is presented. Using swept line electron beam hardening in an installation developed for carrying out experiments on surface hardening, the experimental results were in good agreement with those from calculations and confirm that it is impossible to assess the hardened layer thickness and uniformity or to find the most suitable processing conditions by measuring the mean value of surface hardness only. The detailed investigation of cross-sections is indispensable. The experimental design applied in this paper has proved to be a useful statistical tool for optimizing electron beam surface hardening.

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We solve the direct problem of mathematical modelling as it applies to the shaping part of autocompensation systems implementing the principles of combined control of radio-signal amplitude.


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Question: Boresight and gimbal axis alignment for the CRISM instrument

Precise knowledge of the instrument boresight was required over the gimbal range for the CRISM Instrument (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars), which will fly aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Vector metrology techniques were applied to measure both the optical axis and the axis-of-rotation of the instrument housing about its mount (gimbal axis). Boresight stability was quantified through comparison of pre-environmental and post-environmental alignment data. In addition, checks were made of the instrument internal alignment and field-of-view. Distillation of the boresight data into gimbal axis and optical axis offset knowledge allowed the calculation of the instrument boresight at all gimbal settings. Finally, alignment information was mapped into the instrument reference cube, ensuring proper instrument orientation during installation.

In this research note, we present a set of distortion solutions that may be used to correct geometric optical distortion in images taken with the S13 camera of the NACO adaptive optics imager.


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Question: Psychological and Allergic Aspects of Asthma

This book is essentially a reprint of articles, some of which were written almost 20 years ago. At least one of the authors (Dr. Bret Ratner) has long been dead, and two ( Herbert Herxheimer and Dennis Leigh) reside and practice in England. It may well be that some of the other authors are no longer living, or if they are alive, reside in countries outside of the United States. There is no information whatsoever about any of the authors, in the body of the book, the editor's preface, or even on the dust jacket! The "focus" of the book is described as having "a more historical nature, with one of its major objectives to stimulate research on the psychosocial implications of asthma, which will meet the vigorous methodological conditions possible in the laboratory setting." It is extremely doubtful that this publication will achieve such a goal. Many, if not most,

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Overview of Aging, Emotional Health and Behaviour. Section I: Prevalence and Diagnosis. Prevalence of Mental, Behavioural and Neurobehavioral Disorders among Older People with Intellectual Disabilities. Psychopathology and Older Age. General Etiological Issues. Assessment of Behavioural and Psychiatric Disorders. Depression in Adults and Aging Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. Cognitive Decline and Aging. Behavioural and Psychiatric Overlays from Physical and Medical Conditions. Emotional Health and Aging in Adults with Down Syndrome. Section II Treatments and Interventions. Psychotherapy and Other Psychological Interventions. Aging--Related Behavioural Interventions. Psychotropic Medications. Dynamics of Bereavement and Grief Reactions. Section III Service System Issues. Community Mental Health and Support Services: Planning Principles and Models. Prevention Strategies and Community Education. Future Directions and Challenges


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Question: Methods, systems, and media for recommending collaborators of media content based on authenticated media content input

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Methods, systems, and media for recommending collaborators of media content based on authenticated media content input are provided. In some implementations, the method comprises: receiving a request from a content creator to initiate presentation of broadcasted media content using a media device, wherein the request invites a plurality of users to participate in the broadcasted media content; determining that a user of the plurality of users has interacted with the broadcasted media content, wherein the user has been permitted to interact with the broadcasted media content in response to providing user authentication information; determining collaborator information associated with the user based on the user authentication information; and automatically causing, without user interaction, the determined collaborator information to be presented to the content creator for associating with the broadcasted media content.

A method, system and computer product are disclosed whereby distribution lists of invitees in an ordered manner are automatically generated for use in scheduling meetings in a way that is responsive to specifiable parameters following a review of a collection of electronic mail messages as to subject matter and recipients.


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Question: Optical fibers for different applications

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The paper contains two portions. Firstly, it explains the development of various kinds of optical fibers, including the standard single mode fiber (SMF), dispersion shifted fiber (DSF), and non zero dispersion fiber (NZDF), it also explains the operating wavelength windows, including 1.31μm window, 1.55μm window, and the newly proposed 1.40μm window. Secondly, the paper describes the different applications of various optical fibers, including the large capacity and long distance terrestrial line, submarine cable, metropolitan communication line, CATV transmission line, and data transmission line in the premises.

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It is shown that integration of microspheres inside microcapillaries or hollow waveguides allow the development of compact focusing tools for a variety of biomedical and photonics applications.


Question:
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For instance you may be given '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Statistical Modelling of Data on Teaching Styles']' and it should match with '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper:', 'A method and apparatus for developing an electrostatic charge pattern with an ultrasonically generated uncharged droplet mist. The apparatus comprises an ultrasonic transducer which is energized from a power source and which has the capability of generating uncharged droplet mist particles from a liquid material. The droplet mist so created is brought into contact with the electrostatic charge pattern to effect its development without regard to image or charge polarity.']' but not with '['Represent the following document:', 'Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims']'.

Question: Nearshore Physical Oceanography: Recent Trends and Future Prospects

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This paper reviews the evolution of nearshore physical oceanography over the past forty years. Over this period there have been enormous changes in the equipment, computing power and concepts used by nearshore physical oceanographers. The greatest change in observational equipment has been the development of remote sensing methods which are now providing spatial mapping of nearshore features and their temporal changes over time periods ranging from seconds to decades. The vast increase in computing power is also transforming the field from reliance on simplified analytical theories to comparisons with fully physical numerical simulations in realistic domains. Conceptually, the field has evolved from a Newtonian deterministic approach to a realization of the importance of the stochastic nature of the environment and of interactions between different aspects of the nearshore system.

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1. An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems and Participatory Geographical Information Science 2. A Micro-Macro Framework for Participatory Decision Situations 3. Methods and Tools for Participatory Spatial Decision Support 4. Social Behavioural Research Strategies for Investigating the Use of Participatory Geographical Information Systems 5. Collaborative Spatial Decision Making in Primary Health Care Management 6. Transportation Improvement Program Decision Making 7. Collaborative Decision Making About Habitat Restoration 8. Conclusions and Prospects for Future Research


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Question: Effect of the carbonyl iron particles on damping properties of magnetorheological elastomers based on natural rubber

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This paper aimed to investigate damping properties of two groups of Magnetorheological Elastomers (MREs) based on natural rubber with 60 wt% iron particles as isotropic and structured MREs. Therefore, the influences of a variety of fabrication conditions on the MREs performances, such as carbonyl iron particle size, external magnetic field and frequency were studied. Moreover, the damping property of MREs with reference sample which contains 60wt% carbon black instead of iron particles was compared. Also, the microstructures of both isotropic and structured MREs were investigated using an environmental scanning electron microscope (SEM) and finally, the damping properties of MREs were measured by using a modified dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA) applying magnetic field and without applying magnetic field. The results illustrated that the loss factors of structured MREs were lower than isotropic MREs. In addition, the loss factors increased with applying magnetic field for MREs with large sized p...

Rheological properties of aerosil suspensions in chitosan solutions and the effect of the fi ller content of these suspensions and mechanical activation on the strength and sorption capacity of aerosil-chitosan fi lms produced from these suspensions were studied.


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Question: Exact multiplicity of solutions for some semilinear Dirichlet problems

ABSTRACTThe classical result of Ambrosetti and Prodi [1], in the form of Berger and Podolak [3], gives the exact number of solutions for the problem Δu+g(u)=μφ1(x)+e(x)inD,u=0on∂D, depending on the real parameter μ , for a class of convex g(u). Here, ∫De(x)φ1(x)dx=0 (where φ1(x)>0 is the principal eigenfunction of the Laplacian on D, and D⊂Rn is a smooth domain). By considering generalized harmonics, we give a similar result for the problem Δu+g(u)=μf(x)inD,u=0on∂D, with f(x)>0 . Such problems occur, for example, in ‘fishing’ applications that we discuss, and propose a new model with sign-changing solutions. Our approach also produces a very simple proof of the anti-maximum principle of Clement and Peletier [4].

A boundary element method based on the Cauchy's integral formulae and the theory of complex hypersingular integrals is devised for the numerical solution of boundary value problems governed by a system of second-order elliptic partial differential equations. The elliptic system has applications in physical problems involving anisotropic media.


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Question: Pathlight: supporting navigation of small groups in the museum context

In this paper we describe the in-progress work of the Pathlight navigation system for groups and individuals. Pathlight provides indoor navigation support in the museum using a handheld projector. We describe some of the advantages the system provides, look at some background, briefly describe some system features, and posit some open questions for further investigation.

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Example:
Provided: "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper!', "The head and neck cancer (HNC) rate is rising among the middle-aged adult population. This trend has been attributed primarily to human papillomavirus exposure. An HNC diagnosis and its complex treatments may trigger life-changing physical, emotional, and social consequences. An interpretive descriptive study was conducted to describe the experiences of a purposive sample of 10 middle-aged adults who had experienced HNC. Two main themes were identified: consequences of HNC and coping with HNC. Subthemes of consequences of HNC included: voicelessness; being or looking sick; shifts in family dynamics; and sexual practices, sexual feelings, and stigma. Subthemes of coping with HNC included seeking information, discovering inner strengths, relying on a support network, establishing a sense of normalcy, and finding meaning within the experience. Supportive nursing interventions were identified by considering results from the standpoint of King's theory of goal attainment."]" Match: "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Experiences of Head and Neck Cancer Patients in Middle Adulthood: Consequences and Coping']"

This guide will outline good options for students needing to explore current topics of concern in the world.


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Question: The role of sample size in testing in hypothesis in complex cross-sectional studies : a Monte Carlo simulation study

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In this study, we explore the relationship among sample size, variability of a variable, power of the statistical test and effect size in complex cross-sectional studies. ::: The argument that power analysis can be used to optimize the resource usage through determining the smallest sample size needed for a study to assess the detectable effect size has been found questionable. It is worse when dealing with independent variables, which have more than two groups to be compared because the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis keep on changing with the sample size. Any population mean difference, so long as it is absolutely not equal to zero, can be found statistically significant depending on the sample size, holding other factors constant. The study suggests that, in complex cross-sectional studies, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to determine the appropriate sample size for a hypothesis test in the planning stage of a study.

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Causal mediation analysis is used to evaluate direct and indirect causal effects of a treatment on an outcome of interest through an intermediate variable or a this http URL is difficult to identify the direct and indirect causal effects because the mediator cannot be randomly assigned in many real applications. In this article, we consider a causal model including latent confounders between the mediator and the outcome. We present sufficient conditions for identifying the direct and indirect effects and propose an approach for estimating them. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by simulation studies. Finally, we apply the approach to a data set of the customer loyalty survey by a telecom company.


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Question: Chaotic time series analyses of epileptic seizures

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Examples:

"['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'The author studied some protective behaviors of Biomphalaria glabrata (vertical movements, response to molluscicides and response to water currents) and demonstrated how these activities hamper the control of this snail, which is the main vector of schistosomiasis in Brazil.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Why it is difficult to control Biomphalaria glabrata, the vector snail of schistosomiasis.']"

Abstract A number of seizure events, typical of everyday clinical practice, were tested for possible chaos. After a careful elimination of spurious effects, evidence of chaos was found in two seizure events. This was confirmed by direct examination of exponential separation of initially nearby states in low-dimensional trajectory recoveries. The resulting Lyapunov exponent calculation provides a clear indication of chaos in such events, the definitive conclusion of which cannot be made from dimension calculations alone. The weakness of these techniques, and strategies for their treatment, are emphasized.

The insula is a hidden part in the cerebral cortex about which relatively little neurological research has been done. The present manuscript describes architectural and evolutionary aspects of the insula reilii as well as its function, towards a better understanding of seizure semiology. As the literature of such casuistry is poor, some own cases are presented. Seizure semiology, imaging, magnetoencephalographic reports, resective epilepsy surgery, radiosurgical treatments, and thermolesions are described. Magnetic source imaging as noninvasive treatment can deliver important information for the involvement of sylvian and perisylvian regions in focal pharmacoresistant epilepsies.


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Question: Application of Barcode in the Computer Centre Management System

Based on barcode technique, the paper introduces the construction of computer centre management system on a network and its function model design and how to realize the technological application of the barcode in the system exploration.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: The Volatility of Exchange Rates and Its Effect on Skewness and Kurtosis in Financial Markets

In this study, we examine how exchange rate volatility in a particular country influences both the kurtosis and skewness of stock returns. In a variety of tests that hold constant the structure of the financial market, we show that exchange rate volatility is associated with greater kurtosis, and more negative skewness. We use the out-of-sample implementation of the Euro as an identification strategy in order to make stronger causal inferences. The implementation of the Euro created stability in exchange rates not only in the Euro Region but also in other parts of the world. We find some evidence that the adoption of the Euro decreased the level of kurtosis and increased the skewness of stock returns.

The Economics of Residential Property Theoretical Building Blocks for the Analysis of Housing Markets Housing and the Wider Economy in the Short and Long Run House Price Shocks and Consumption with Forward Looking Households Housing Wealth, Bequests and Financial Liberalization in the Major Economies The Theory of Economies in Transition Assessing the Impact of Financial Liberalization and Income Shocks on Consumption Evidence from Aggregate Data Consumption, Human Capital and Housing Wealth Evidence from Household Data Financial Liberalization and the Design of Mortgage Contracts Policy Issues.


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Question: HR Determinants of Organizational Success amongst Small and Medium Enterprises in the Indian Automobile Sector

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------
For instance, <<['Represent this text.', 'Background and Objectives: In-hospital stroke (IHS) is associated with high mortality and disability but management is delayed compared with out of hospital stroke presenting to emergency rooms. The hypothesis prior to data collection was that early referral and specialist management of IHS patients will be associated with lower mortality and better functional outcomes at 90 days. Methods: Pre-specified analysis of prospective registry data of consecutive hospitalised stroke patients between January 2009 and December 2010 fulfilling the criteria: 1) admission to hospital with a non-stroke diagnosis; 2) onset of new neurological deficits after admission; 3) CT/MRI confirmation of new ischaemic or haemorrhagic changes. Intervention: Early referral and specialist management of IHS within 3 hours of symptom onset versus late referral after 3 hours. Specialist management consisted of neurological assessment, thrombolysis if appropriate, vascular investigations, anti-thrombotic treatment and transfer to stroke ...']>>  to <<['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Abstract T MP84: Early Specialist Management of In-Hospital Stroke Patients']>>

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the auto sector have emerged in response to the growing off-shore requirements of the auto industry. The growth has been so rapid that it has remained elusive to researchers and the present study is an attempt to bridge this knowledge gap. Three scales (Engaging Leadership both from the perspectives of the leaders and the subordinates, and Employee Engagement) were developed by the researchers for the purpose of the study. Two existing scales viz., Cultural Intelligence and Positive and Negative Affectivity were also used in the study. The results show statistically significant results between professionals of high performing and low performing SMEs on Engaging Leadership, Employee Engagement, Cultural Intelligence and Positivity and Negativity.

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


Question:
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E.g.
['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'A Music Analysis on Atomospheric Sounds in Japanese Sci-Fi Anime'] == ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', "In this research, we focused on Japanese Sci-Fi animation, and conducted a survey of 12 titles and 83 scenes, mainly on contents since the 00's. As a result, the relation with the various editing techniques is deep as the video expression technique, and sound including abundant dissonance and non-integral next harmonic was abundantly used as the sound production technique. Furthermore, when compared with overseas contents, the use rate of electronic sound was remarkably high."] != ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title!', "Introduction Signs Fiction Realism and Reality Science Fiction's Crazy Prose The Death and Deconstruction of Sf Fictions in the Slipstream Terrible Angels: Science Fiction and the Singularity Transreality: Living What You Write Rudy Rucker and the Future of Transrealism Bibliography"]

Question: Persistence in punishment and extinction testing as a function of percentages of punishment and reward in training

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Rat Ss were trained in a Skinner-box fixed ratio analogue of the straight runway. A 3 by 2 by 2 factorial design incorporated 0%, 50%, and 100% punished trials, 50% and 100% reinforcement with sucrose solution, and punishment vs. no punishment in extinction testing. Amount of responding in extinction testing increased with percentage of punishment and decreased with percentage of reinforcement.

Male Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, swam through a ring in an aquarium, breaking a photocell beam and initiating an unsignaled, resetting delay interval. Following delays of 0 s, 10 s, or 25 s, a 15-s mirror presentation released an aggressive display by the fish. Swimming through the ring increased in the absence of either a period of acclimatization to the reinforcer (analogous to magazine training when appetitive reinforcers are used) or explicit training of the response by the experimenters. Response rates were a decreasing function of delay duration. Other fish exposed to a schedule of response-independent mirror presentations failed to acquire and maintain the response. The results demonstrate the robustness and generality of the phenomenon of response acquisition with delayed reinforcement. They further qualify earlier observations about behavioral mechanisms involved in the phenomenon.


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Question: Tensile Rupture Strength and Fracture Defects of Sintered Silicon Carbide

The tensile strength distribution of sintered silicon carbide was measured at room temperature and 1300°C in air and fracture defects were characterized. The measured strength was compared with strength obtained from flaw characteristics and fracture toughness assuming a peripherally cracked spherical void model.

Abstract : Partial Contents: A Microcomposite Test Procedure for Evaluating the Constituent Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites; Design, Analysis and Application of an Improved Push-Through Test for the Measurement of Interface Properties in Composites; Fiber Bundle Push-Out: A Technique for the Measurement of Interfacial Sliding Properties; Mechanics of the Fiber Pushout Test; Effects of Fiber Roughness on Interface Sliding in Composites; Fiber Coating Concepts for Brittle Matrix Composites; Preliminary Assessment of Mica as High- Temperature Fiber Coating for SiC Composites; Models for Metal/Ceramic Interface Fracture; Mode II Fracture Toughness of a Brittle Adhesive Layer; and Cracking of Thin Bonded Films in Residual Tension


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Question: Palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of 5-acyl and 5-alkylamino-1,2-benzoquinone-2-oximes

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Abstract Reaction of palladium(II) chloride and potassium tetrachloroplatinate(I I) with 5-acylamino and 5-alkylamino-1,2-benzoquinone-2-oximes (qOH ; 1) has led to complexes of the type M(qo)2 (2). Pd(qo)2 was also obtained by the nitrosation of the appropriate phenol in the presence of palladium(II) chloride. The complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, IR and NMR (1H, 195Pt) spectroscopy. These studies indicated that the ligands are bonded to the metals via the oxime nitrogen and the quinonoid carbonyl oxygen, while mass spectral analysis indicated that the complexes were monomeric. The complexes failed to react with 2,2-dipyridyl, pyridine, and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate though the palladium complex, Pd(5-Acgo)2, reacted with triphenylphosphine to give the corresponding iminophosphoranyl complex.

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Thiosemicarbazide reacts with aryl β-ferrocenylvinyl ketones and β-arylvinyl ferrocenyl ketones in the presence of ButOK to give 1-thiocarbamoyl-5- and -3-ferrocenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazoles, respectively. The complexes of 3-ferrocenyl-5-phenyl-, 3,5-diferrocenyl-, and 3-ferrocenyl-5-p-methoxyphenyl-1-thiocarbamoyl-4,5-dihydropyrazoles with CuII are described.


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Question: Research progress on pharmacological action of drug of Hmong

The drug of Hmong is a synthetic summary of preventing and treating disease during the livelihood of the Hmong people and it is the public wealth of medical science.This article mainly reviews the research progress on pharmacological action of drug of Hmong from pharmacological action discovered recently through active component,traditional anagraph and general all purpose drug.That traditional ethnodrug is researched by modern technology diplomacy will be a low-price,high-achievement,peculiarity and practicable method.

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This paper introduces the separation, liquid fermentation culture and pharmacological study of Cordy Ceps Sinensis Sall, which lays the foundation for the future research on Cordy Ceps Sinensis Sall and its fermentation mycelia.


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Examples:
'['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Fabrication and mechanical characterization of 3D woven Cu lattice materials']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Abstract 3D metallic lattices designed to have two distinctly different material architectures have been woven with metallic Cu wires. A vacuum soldering technique was employed to metallurgically bond the wire nodes and form stiff 3D lattice materials. The structures and mechanical properties of the as-woven and soldered lattices were characterized by optical microscopy and micro-scale mechanical property experiments. The measured in-plane shear stiffness shows good agreement with predictions from finite element (FE) models that account for variations in the manufacturing and solder bonding. The study indicates that stiffness is influenced by the percentage of bonded nodes and the location of bonding. The 3D woven lattice materials manufactured in this study exhibited a very high percentage (80%) of bonded nodes and a unique combination of stiffness and density as compared to that typically reported for ultra lightweight lattice materials.']' != '['Represent text', 'Quantitative microscopy in conjunction with finite element analysis is used to study the effects of fiber distribution on damage initiation in the transverse direction of a [0]8 NicalonTM/MAS-5 gla ...']'

Question: Mary Ward: Christian Citizen and Social Reformer

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T. H. Green believed that the realisation of the moral good in the self, solely as a moral agent, would not appease the soul and that the ultimate goal of all Christian citizens must be active participation towards the common good.

1. Joining the Labour Movement 2. The Guild Utopia 3. The Flowering and Disintegration of Guild Socialism 4. A New Socialist Life 5. Planning 6. Progress, with Jerusalem still in the Distance 7. Audiences, Values, and Importance.


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Question: The Advances in Chemokine Receptors CXCR1/2 and Cancer

Chemokine Receptors,a group of seven-transmembrane proteins related to G-protein-coupled receptors,are expressed in tumor cells of various tissue origin.They play an important role in tumorigenesis,progression and metastasis.Recently,a lot of studies suggest that chemokine receptors CXCR1/2 have close correlation with tumor and may become a potential new target of tumor treatment.The aim of this article is to review recent development of the relationship between tumor and CXCR1/2.

Abstract 2016 CPOCT International Symposium Review. This is an invited submission for the March issue covering the 2016 CPOCT International Symposium. Session 2: Direct to Consumer Testing—the New Face of Point-of-Care?


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Question: Observation of the efficacy and the safety of the traditional Chinese medicine injections by comprehensive intervention in clinical practice

Objective To explore the efficacy and the safety of the traditional Chinese medicine injections by comprehensive intervention in clinical practice.Methods A prospective randomized study was conducted.An intervention group(study group) and a non-intervention group(control group) of the inpatients of Bengbu Third People's Hospital from January 2010 to June 2010 were selected.Intervention was performed through the development of treatment standard,education,supervision and inspection measures.The results were used to assess the efficacy and the incidence rate of ADR/ADE.Results The incidence rate of ADR/ADE in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and clinical curative effect was improved.Conclusion The comprehensive intervention could reduce the incidence rate of ADR/ADE and improve the efficacy of the Chinese medicine injections.

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This paper gives a summary of the studies of prescription and clinical application, and experimental study as well in the recent two decades. It holds that the herbs used should be selected and simplified to make a new modern effective and simple recipe. The experimental study of the decoction in its function of improving mentality should be explored still further.


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Question: Five-axis Machining of Impeller Based on Knowledge Fusion

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Knowledge Fusion is a kind of boundary science that lies between CAD technology and the technology of KBE. It is a kind of criterion assessing engine based on KBE. It is implied in Unigraphics cores, can eliminate the barrier among traditional knowledge system, digitization design and the manufacture systems, and can obtain knowledge then change the valuable part among them into expert's knowledge in the method of knowledge-driven. This text introduced the case of the five-axis machining of the typical impeller. Utilize the KF of Unigraphics, develop secondarily the manufactory model of the impeller's five-axis machining. Utilizing the model and the navigation of digitized manufacture process, it can carry on human-computer interaction conveniently and fast, can help the engineers who is lack of the experience of five-axis machining and the programming of impeller to generate the tool paths of impeller, so that trully realize KDA (Knowledge Driven Automation).

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Discussion on Digital Resources Construction of Independent College's Library

This paper introduces the features of digital resources construction of independent college's library, analyzes some problems existing in digital resources construction of the library such as that the featureless digital resources, the severe shortage of construction funds, and the lack of specialized technical personnel, etc., and puts forward some solutions.

Review of Developments Educational Computing in Practice Educational Software The Future of Educational Computing.


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Question: [Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava].

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Leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor of soft tissues. The inferior vena cava is affected infrequently, a literature review showing only 66 cases reported previously, 29 of these patients undergoing radical surgery. The case described was diagnosed during operation for gallstones, and the lesion was excised radically using an original technique. Experience of this case and opinions of various authors who have treated similar cases suggest that the factors determining choice of therapy are: the caval segment involved, an effective collateral circulation, longitudinal or circumferential extension of the affected vascular wall, the presence or absence of neoplastic or hepatic thromboses.

An unusual case of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to an isolated varix involving the 2nd part of the duodenum is presented here. The varix was the result of Chronic Pancreatitis induced the superior mesenteric vein obstruction. The diagnosis was made preoperatively by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and selective mesenteric angiogram. Patient was treated successfully with Mesocaval shunt surgery between the superior mesenteric vein and the inferior vena cava using a 10 mm Dacron graft. This is the unique case showing hemorrhagic complication of Chronic Pancreatitis due to the superior mesenteric vein obstruction.


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Question: Clinical comparison of tofogliflozin and empagliflozin based on an analysis of 24-h accumulated urine in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Abstract Aim In Japan, six sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have been approved for use, and some agents are associated with a significant decrease in cardiovascular events. In this study, the effects of tofogliflozin and empagliflozin were compared. Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were administered tofogliflozin (n = 10) and empagliflozin (n = 12) were extracted. The clinical parameters and 24-h accumulated urine samples before and after 48 weeks were analyzed with generalized linear mixed model. Results Both groups showed significant differences in the following parameters: body weight (p Conclusions The present results indicate that empagliflozin and tofogliflozin influence certain clinical parameters similarly; however, empagliflozin significantly increased the hematocrit than tofogliflozin. Differences in the effects of tofogliflozin and empagliflozin might influence cardiovascular events.

Evaluation of: Hayashi K, Saruta T, Goto Y, Ishii M; JATOS Study Group: Impact of renal function on cardiovascular events in elderly hypertensive patients treated with efonidipine. Hypertens. Res. 33(11), 1211–1220 (2010). Antihypertensive therapy with efonidipine-based regimens increased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) throughout the trial period in elderly patients with hypertension in both strict- and mild-treatment groups. The incidence of cardiovascular events was higher in patients with proteinuria than in those without proteinuria at baseline, while disappearance of proteinuria during antihypertensive therapy was closely associated with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular events. Furthermore, cardiovascular event rate was increased in patients with greater declines in eGFR during the study period of 2 years, although baseline eGFR did not correlate with the incidence of cardiovascular events. These findings have implications for therapeutic strategies in treating hypertension with reg...


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Question: Getting involved in clinical trials research in the UK: how can Clinical Research Networks help?

The Clinical Research Networks of the National Institute of Health Research have transformed clinical research in the UK, leading to a doubling in the number of patients involved in clinical research studies over the past 3 years. This has been achieved by streamlining the trials approvals process, by providing local infrastructure such as research nurse support for clinical trials recruitment and through recognition of the time and funding necessary for clinicians to contribute to clinical research. Here, we describe the structure and roles of the Comprehensive Clinical Research Networks in gastrointestinal disease and hepatology, particularly in England. We will explain how the networks have already accelerated clinical research in gastrointestinal and liver disease, as well as provide a simple guide about how individual clinicians can contribute to ongoing studies via the networks.

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Effective multidisciplinary teamworking results in good patient outcomes. The recent JWC conference explored how this might best be achieved in practice


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Question: A memetic algorithm for bi-objective integrated forward/reverse logistics network design

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Logistics network design is a major strategic issue due to its impact on the efficiency and responsiveness of the supply chain. This paper proposes a model for integrated logistics network design to avoid the sub-optimality caused by a separate, sequential design of forward and reverse logistics networks. First, a bi-objective mixed integer programming formulation is developed to minimize the total costs and maximize the responsiveness of a logistics network. To find the set of non-dominated solutions, an efficient multi-objective memetic algorithm is developed. The proposed solution algorithm uses a new dynamic search strategy by employing three different local searches. To assess the quality of the novel solution approach, the quality of its Pareto-optimal solutions is compared to those generated by an existing powerful multi-objective genetic algorithm from the recent literature and to exact solutions obtained by a commercial solver.

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The significance of the basic idea implicit in the moving horizon control (MHC) has been recognized a long time ago in the operations management literature as a tractable scheme for solving stochastic multi period optimization problems, such as production planning and supply chain management, under the term moving horizon. In this paper, a moving horizon controller with move suppression term used for inventory management of the demand network (supply chain).


Question: DEVELOPMENT OF THE KLYSTRONS FOR THE HIGH INTENSITY

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The linac of High Intensity Proton Accelerator Fac ility requires 324MHz klystrons for the acceleration of less than 200MeV and 972MHz klystrons for the acceleration from 200MeV to 400MeV. Toshiba has developed a 324MHz klystron (E3740) in collaboration with KEK and manufactured prototypes of the E3740 klystron. In initial test, we confirmed our design of an electron gun and a window, which are the key points of the klystron development. This klystron was tested at the test facility of KEK and showed performance of an output power of 2.5MW at a beam voltage of 106.6kV with an efficiency of 52%. The first tube of the 972MHz klystron (E3766) was completed. This klystron is now under testing at the new test facility of JAERI. At preliminary test, this klystron produced an output power more than 2MW at a beam voltage of 97kV with an efficiency of 52%.

THE INVENTION CONCERNS A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MICROWAVE TRANSITION BETWEEN TWO ORTHOGONAL GUIDED STRUCTURES AND MICROWAVE CIRCUIT INCLUDING SUCH THAT ON TRANSITION PROCESS TO CUTTING IN MASS, AS A FIRST STEP MILLING, A PAN 30 IN THE ANGLE FORMED BY A WALL OF GUIDANCE oRTHOGONAL STRUCTURE THE FIRST STRUCTURE WITHOUT TILT ONE OF STRUCTURES. APPLICATION TO MICROWAVE CIRCUITS FOR MILLIMETER WAVES.


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Question: On Reciprocity and Its Relationship with Affiliation, Contradiction and Motion, and the Connotations of Motion, Change and Development

Reciprocity is an ultimate truth of the universe. It is in accordance with the reciprocity of matters that we can simply start to comprehend various relationships between universes. A relative affiliation is a kind of reciprocity that represents a contradiction and brings about a motion. The connotations of motion, change and development are closely connected with their own meanings respectively, differing from one another for different angles from which matters are reflected.

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Chapter 1. Introduction: Contextualising Simmel’s Thinking -- Part I: The Pursuit of Inspiration -- Chapter 2. Lowering a Plumb Line -- Chapter 3. The Emerging Figure -- Part II: The View of Life -- Chapter 4. Life as Transcendence -- Chapter 5. The Turn Toward Ideas -- Chapter 6. Death and Immortality -- Chapter 7. The Law of the Individual -- Chapter 8. Conclusion: Working with and Using Simmel’s Ideas.


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Question: In situ measurement of the stiffness properties of building components

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Abstract In this paper three methods for measuring the stiffness properties of beams and plates in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 4 kHz are presented. The first technique determines the bending wave velocity in acoustically thin beams and is based on a finite difference approximation of the bending wavenumber. The other two methods involve the measurement of the plate impulse response in two points in order to determine the bending wave velocity in acoustically thin as well as acoustically thick plates. Both these methods are convenient to estimate the angle dependent wavespeed of orthotropic plates. The three measurement methods have been verified by experiments on beams and plates of various materials and thicknesses.

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A computer-aided experimental setup and its application in measuring diffusion coefficients of n-hexane in low density polyethylene film based on the mathematical description of the diffusion process are described.


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Question: A vacuum cleaner having a spiral air guide.

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A vacuum cleaner includes a housing (12, fig 1) having a suction inlet (18, fig 1), a dirt collection vessel 24 carried on the housing (12, fig 1) and a suction generator (22, fig 1) carried on the housing. The dirt collection vessel includes a dirt collection chamber and a spiral air guide 25 providing a spiral air path to improve cleaning efficiency. The suction generator (22, fig 1) is provided in fluid communication with the suction inlet (18, fig 1), the dirt collection vessel 24 and the spiral air guide 25. The dirt collection vessel preferably includes a first dirt collection chamber 26 which collects larger debris, and a second dirt collection chamber 64 that collects finer debris that is separated out from the air stream by the spiral air guide 25. The spiral air guide 25 may have a cross sectional area that decrease, increase or remains constant throughout and may include a number of discharge orifices 62 that allows the drawn in air to escape.

The present invention relates to a disk processing system having a chamber angle, the rotation angle chamber having a carrier assembly configured for rotating the heater assembly and the heater assembly.


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Question: A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF LIVER-VIRUS VACCINE AGAINST MEASLES IN CHILE.

In view of the high mortality from measles in Chile, it was decided to undertake a double-blind, controlled trial of the Enders Edmonston B strain of live measles vaccine in that country as part of a WHO-sponsored programme to obtain information on reactions to that vaccine strain and on the antibody response elicited in children.Between July and December 1962, some 530 children 8 months to 3 years old received inoculations of vaccine, with or without gamma-globulin, or were given a placebo injection. The reactions were generally of moderate intensity and were not appreciably reduced in either frequency or intensity by gamma-globulin. Serological conversion was achieved in about 90% of the vaccinated.On the basis of this experience, it was decided to institute a large-scale immunization in Chile with the same vaccine; the campaign began in May 1963.

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Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.