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Question: Assisting Students to Avoid Plagiarism Part 2: The Inquiry Learning Approach

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This article discusses the second of two approaches to assist students to avoid plagiarism, an approach generated in a study funded by the Australian Research Council. This approach is labelled the inquiry learning (IL) approach and was influenced by research focused on the development of thinking in students. This article describes the pedagogy underpinning the approach, the organisation of the project undertaken by the students and the evaluation by the research team. Regardless of approach, a key recommendation is that a whole-school culture is needed to address the problem of plagiarism in a comprehensive way.

Tour 1: Preparation for Departure: Who Am I and How Do I Interact With Others? Tour 2: Preparation for Departure: Building Relationships with Basic Listening Skills Tour 3: Departure: Advanced Facilitation Skills Tour 4: Traveling With a Theory: Integration and Personalization Tour 5: Applying Theory: Assessment and Conceptualization Tour 6: Meeting Clients: Treatment Planning, Progress Monitoring, and Documentation Tour 7: Consolidation: Celebrating the Journey and Preparing to Go Separate Ways


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represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract
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'['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'Temperature and field dependence of the order parameter in the antiferroquadrupolar phase of CeB6 from mu+ Knight shift measurements.']' == '['', 'The Fermi contact hyperfine contribution to the Knight shift of positive muons, implanted at the interstitial 3d sites in CeB6, is found to exhibit the same temperature dependence below T(Q) in phase II as the quadrupolar order parameter determined from resonant and nonresonant x-ray scattering. Furthermore, the contact coupling parameter is shown to be anisotropic and field dependent. These unanticipated features are interpreted to arise from the RKKY induced conduction electron spin polarization, which depends on the orientation and expectation value of the ordered 4f quadrupole moments.']' != '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'Abstract We have done the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) experiments to clarify the Fermi surface properties such as Fermi surface, cyclotron mass and scattering lifetime of the conduction electrons for the highly correlated electron systems as in PrCu 2 with the singlet ground state, a typical heavy Fermion compound CeRu 2 Si 2 , a generalized FFLO superconductor CeRu 2 and an unconventional superconductor UPt 3 .']'

Question: Ultrasounds Excited by a Laser Line Pulse in a Liquid-Filled Tube

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In this paper, a physical model is proposed to describe the propagation of ultrasounds, which are excited in a homogeneous, isotropic, and liquid-filled tube by a laser line source under either the ablation or thermoelastic regime. Since a metal tube is considered, the thermal diffusion and the optical penetration depth are neglected in this modeling. The Fourier series expansion is introduced for a spatial coordinate to provide the transient response of the structure. Theoretical displacements are obtained for aluminum tubes filled with glycerol or air. The corresponding displacements are observed experimentally by the laser ultrasonic technique. Good agreement is found in the arrival time, shape and relative amplitude of various longitudinal and shear bulk waves propagating in the solid and liquid media. These ultrasonic waves are further identified by the ray trajectory analysis.

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: What is Driving the Growth of New “Sunbelt” Metropolises? Quality of Life and Urban Regimes in Greater Phoenix and Brisbane-South East Queensland Region

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Abstract In this paper we explore the conditions leading to the evolution and eventual weakening of urban regimes by comparing two sunbelt metropolitan areas in two continents. While Greater Phoenix is selected to represent the US case, the Brisbane-South East Queensland region provides a similar representative case in Australia. Both Greater Phoenix and Brisbane-SEQ have been the top or close to the top performers in population growth and economic growth compared to other metropolitan regions in their respective countries. In both cases coalitions of development interests and public officials created conditions for increasing rates of population growth and expansion of metropolitan territories. As growth pressures mounted over time leading to a deterioration of quality of life, local politics began to revolve around local issues of congestion, pollution, and better urban services. This paper explores the changing nature of urban growth coalitions and discusses their implications for the respective metrop...

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The Architecture of Empowerment: A Survey. ESSAYS. The New Landscape. Convergence, Marginalisation and Inequality: Directions for the Urban Future. Architecture to Change the World? CASE STUDIES. Redeeming the Legacy of the Past. Revitalising the City Centre. Reaching the Poorest: The Rural World. Reaching the Poorest: The Urban World. Upgrading the Slums and Densification. Building New Settlements. Creating Communities. Managing the Urban Environment. Micro-Finance: Reaching the Poorest. Epilogue. Bibliography. Photo Credits and Contributors.


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Question: Distribution of pest nematodes on sugarcane in south Queensland and relationship to soil texture, cultivar, crop age and region

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Summary. Five plant–parasitic nematode species were found to be widespread on sugarcane crops surveyed in south Queensland, namely Pratylenchus zeae, Meloidogyne javanica, Paratrichodorus minor, Helicotylenchus dihystera and Tylenchorhynchus annulatus. Apart from Meloidogyne, high nematode populations were found in most soil types, suggesting more extensive crop losses could be occurring than previously estimated. The most important pests were P. zeae and M. javanica, as they were often found at high densities and their pathogenicity on sugarcane is established. Mean densities for most nematode genera did not differ significantly between sugarcane cultivars, except that fewer Pratylenchus were associated with cultivar CP51-21 than other cultivars surveyed. The density of Pratylenchus in roots was significantly higher in plant crops than in ratoon crops, whereas the density of Paratrichodorus was highest in first and second ratoons.

ABSTRACTThe present investigation was planned to determine the effect of deficit irrigation, mulching and poultry manure application on sorghum grain, forage yield and water-use efficiencies. Two f...


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Question: Clinical effect of posterior approach in treatment of scapular fractures

Objective To study the clinical effect of posterior approach in treatment of patients with scapular fractures.Methods Seventeen cases of scapular fractures were treated in this hospital during December 2007 to December 2009.According to the fracture classification of Miller,there were type ⅠA in 1 case,type ⅡA in 2,type ⅡB in 1,type Ⅲ in 10 and type IV in 3.On the basis of this fracture classification,posterior approach was performed with reconstruction plates or lag screws.Results All these cases were followed up for an average of 18(ranging from 12 to 30) months.According to the classification criteria of Hardegger,excellent result had been obtained in 13 cases,fine in 2 and fair in 2,and the excellent and fine rate was 88.24%.Conclusion The application of reconstruction plates or lag screws by posterior approach has an exact effect in treatment of scapular fractures,and it can contribute to anatomic reduction of scapular fractures,fixation and early rehabilitation,and it may provide satisfactory outcomes.

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Purpose ::: No study in literature clearly gives advantage of one method of surgical fixation of fracture over the other in metacarpal and phalangeal bones of hand comparing wider outcome measures.


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Question: Some Representation Theorem for nonreflexive Banach space ultrapowers under the Continuum Hypothesis

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For example, ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'We present linewidth measurements on AlGaAs double heterostructure lasers as a function of temperature and power. The data, which plot observed linewidth as a function of reciprocal power, reveal decreasing slopes and increasing vertical axis intercepts, or power independent linewidths, with falling temperature, consistent with previous experimental observation [D. Welford and A. Mooradian, Appl. Phys. Lett. 40, 560 (1982)]. To explain the power independent linewidth broadening observed in these continuous wave single frequency lasers, we propose that carrier heating processes create a thermal nonequilibrium between electrons and the semiconductor lattice, and that this leads to a power dependent linewidth enhancement factor. From a carrier thermal model we find that the power independent linewidth is mediated by the longitudinal optical (LO)-phonon lifetime (τLO); as τLO is increased (for example, by decreasing the lattice temperature), the noneqilibrium condition is enhanced, and, consequently, the powe...'] should be similar to ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'Carrier heating and the power independent linewidth in semiconductor lasers']

In this paper it will be shown that assuming the Continuum Hypothesis (CH) every nonreflexive Banach space ultrapower is isometrically isomorphic to the space of continuous, bounded and real-valued functions on the Parovicenko space. This Representation Theorem will be helpful in proving some facts from geometry and topology of nonreflexive Banach space ultrapowers.

In this paper, the definition of the saturated element in quantale is given, Based on the coproduct of monoids, the concrete forms of the coproduct of unital quantales is obatined. Also, some properties of their are discussed. KeyWords: Quantale; Monoid; Saturated element; Coproduct; Category


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Question: Development of Unified Test Synthesis Technique on High Level and Logic Level Designs

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Design verification and VLSI testing have become more difficult as the complexity of VLSI circuits drastically increases, Various design for test ability(DFT) techniques have been developed to resolve the problems, The circuit behavior level information is available in the high level description and the gate level information is achievable through the high level synthesis. In this paper, the testing problem is resolved by choosing scan flip-flops in the logic level after applying high level DFT techniques on the behavioral level information described by hardware description languages. Experimental results show that the fault coverages for most of the benchmark circuits are highly improved.

Abstract : Partial contents: Persistent ISR Study Objective, Persistence Defined, Modeling & Simulation, Measures of Effectiveness, Architecture Design Search, Summary.


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Question: Is topical treatment of osteoarthritis site-specific?

As Vivian McAlister notes, the study by Hui and associates[1][1] demonstrated some systemic absorption of diclofenac after topical application. However, the plasma level was only 11.8 (standard deviation [SD] 4.2) ng/mL, approximately 125 times below the level seen after ingestion of a 50-mg tablet

Many ocular diseases including ophthalmoxerosis are related to autoimmune system.Management of these conditions is often challenging.Topical eye drops of ciprofloxacin or chloramphenicol,are the mainstay of current treatments for patients with ocular disease usually cause light gastrointestinal side effect,or result in leucopenia,even aplastic anemia,respectively.Recently,a topical cyclosporin A(CsA) preparation became available for use in ophthalmology.CsA is an immunomodulator which specifically inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation without systemic side effects.In this paper we review specific preparation of CsA to help notice its uses in the future.


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Question: The concept of administrative matter of law in the doctrine of Serbian administrative law

The administrative matter of law is an important feature of the concept of administrative act from positive law. Scholars specializing in the doctrine of administrative law do not have a single reply to the question what are the important characteristics of an administrative matter of law, which gives rise to different positions on the concept of administrative matter of law. With that regard, this paper presents the viewpoints of Serbian administrative lawyers on the concept and features of administrative matter of law. In the final part, the paper lays out the author's own view of the features of administrative matter of law.

The synchronization of criminal provisions in the residential decrees with the codified criminal law has not yet been made due to variety of legal sources to which residential decrees may refer. Among the differences which synchronization are the difference in the provisions of witnesses and also the difference in the interpretation made by the regulators Keywords: Policy, criminalization, Local Government Regulation, synchronization.


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Question: Superstorm Sandy's forgotten patient: A lesson in emergency preparedness in severe obesity

Superstorm Sandy gained national attention in late 2012 after its impact on the Northeastern US. In New York City, thousands of residents lost power, and multiple hospitals were forced to evacuate. Bellevue Hospital Center (BHC), the nation's oldest public hospital, was forced to close for the first time in over 275 years. Two patients remained in BHC three days after the primary evacuation without water service and minimal power. Herein, we describe the challenges associated with evacuating a severely obese patient. Obesity management is challenging and at an institutional level must be addressed in emergency preparedness plans.

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Hospitals will provide more care for patients with chronic metabolic disorders, cancer, heart disease, and accidental injuries and less maternity and pediatric care.


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Question: The semiconductor memory device

A stack memory includes a base chip, a memory chip stacked over the base chip, and a via 42 provided between the base chip and the memory chip. The base chip has an external interface circuit and a late write control circuit. The external interface circuit externally receives/transmits write data and read data. The late write control circuit has at least a register storing write data externally supplied through the external interface circuit. The memory chip has a memory cell array and a late write control circuit having at least a register storing write data supplied from the register through the via.

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Aiming at an electro-coating defects event in the heavy truck cab, the process of finding the causes and the countermeasures adopted were introduced.


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Question: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

This article discusses the difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. It also reviews disease progression, population variation, and roles for modeling. ::: ::: ::: Keywords: ::: ::: pharmacokinetics; ::: PK; ::: pharmacodynamics; ::: PD; ::: PhRMAM; ::: biodistribution

Gemstone Team IMMUNE (Innovative Medicines for Maladies Utilizing Nutraceutical Enhancements)


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Question: Compartmentalized and Binary Behavior of Terminal Dendrites in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

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The dendritic arbor of pyramidal neurons is not a monolithic structure. We show here that the excitability of terminal apical dendrites differs from that of the apical trunk. In response to fluorescence-guided focal photolysis of caged glutamate, individual terminal apical dendrites generated cadmium-sensitive all-or-none responses that were subthreshold for somatic action potentials. Calcium transients produced by all-or-none responses were not restricted to the sites of photolysis, but occurred throughout individual distal dendritic compartments, indicating that electrogenesis is mediated primarily by voltage-gated calcium channels. Compartmentalized and binary behavior of parallel-connected terminal dendrites can greatly expand the computational power of a single neuron.

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Preface Synaptic Plasticity: Physiology and Neurological Disease Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory Based on Research on Ca 2 +/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Synaptic Plasticity: Emerging Role for Endocannabinoid System The Presence of Perforated Synapses in the Striatum after Dopamine Depletion. Is this a sign of Negative Brain Plasticity? Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in the Cerebellum Seizure-Induced Synaptic Plasticity: Understanding Synaptic Reorganisation Synaptic Plasticity in Cocaine Addiction Synaptic Plasticity in the Medical Prefrontal Cortex Cellular Cognition: A Focus on LTP and LTD in the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Synaptic Plasticity and Mnemonic Encoding by Hippocampal Formation Place Cells Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity by the Scaffolding Protein Spinophilin Dopamine-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in the Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Thalamocortical Loops as Mechanism of Visual Attention Index.


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Question: Managing quality in e-operations

The paper discusses the issues of managing quality of operations management in the dot.com businesses as a contributing factor to their long-term sustainability. It is considered that the recent spate of failures of dot.com organisations is due not to a lack of information technology (IT) competencies or marketing flair but to lack of quality management and the management of quality in these dot.com businesses. Indeed, from extensive studies carried out on current dot.com enterprises there has been a marginalisation of quality in the management of key business processes. The paper proposes a set of generic obstacles to avoid what this research terms 'failure.com' or 'failures r us'.

Based on the Balanced Scorecard,the paper investigates the establishment of a general evaluation model for property insurance claims management,in order to achieve risk control and services to enhance both claims service strategic themes.


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Question: Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Betahistine Conjugates with Unique Imaging Property

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Labeling cardiovascular drugs probes with a fluorescent tag is an alternative method of measuring drugs activities and distributions in vivo, and further using of advanced tools to diagnose or detect cardiovascular diseases. Using this approach, a fluorescent probe (betahistine-Flu, 1) of Betahistine-based was synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LC-MS, and its UV-Vis absorption spectral and fluorescence spectral, and fluorescence imaging in cell model were investigated. It was found that the fluorescent probe display strong green fluorescence, and have good optical effect in cell. This study reveals a good and interesting results of betahistine-directed fluorescent probe, and its may be a possible candidate for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and analysis in vivo.

47. Quantum Chemical Studies of Molecular Structures and Potential Energy Surfaces of Porphyrins and Hemes. 48. Models for the Electronic Structure of Metalloporphyrins from High-Resolution X-ray Diffraction and Ab Initio Calculations. 49. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Applied to Porphyrin Chemistry. 50. Molecular Simulations and Normal-Coordinate Structural Analysis of Porphyrins and Heme Proteins. 51. Resonance Raman Spectra of Heme Proteins and Model Compounds. 52. Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Petroporphyrins. 53. Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of Heme Proteins and Model Systems. 54. Mass Spectrometry of Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins.


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Question: Intracellular free magnesium in synaptosomes measured with entrapped eriochrome blue.

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Abstract The free Mg 2+ concentration within synaptosomes has been measured with an entrapped Mg 2+ indicator, eriochrome blue. Ionophores gramicidin and A23187 slowly increased the absorbance of the entrapped dye. Calibration of the dye response in a Na + -based medium gave a value around 0.3 mM for the internal free Mg 2+ concentration at 1 mM external Mg 2+ . The replacement of Na + by choline increased this value to around 0.65 mM. Depolarisation with a high K + concentration or depletion of intrasynaptosomal ATP with FCCP and iodoacetate did not affect the level of intracellular free Mg 2+ concentration. An elevation of the external Ca 2+ concentration significantly reduced internal Mg 2+ to about 0.1 mM. Ca 2+ had no significant effect when Na + was replaced by choline. The results indicate that the intrasynaptosomal Mg 2+ activity is partially regulated by a Na + -Mg 2+ exchange mechanism which does not directly require ATP as an energy source.

Extracts of detergent-treated thylakoids, when reconstituted into azolectin/cholesterol/dicetyl phosphate vesicles, stimulate chloride ion efflux as measured with a Cl--sensitive electrode. This stimulation is inhibited by piretanide, an active chloride ion transport inhibitor in fish intestinal epithelia. This stimulation is also abolished by pretreatment of extracted proteins with trypsin. Antiserum raised to efflux-active proteins inhibits a cation-driven Cl- influx in nonenergized thylakoids, as measured by a flow dialysis technique.


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Question: Transmissibility and the role of the phonological component

Determining the structure of the phonological component is crucial in understanding the predictive power of theories of transmissibility like Evolutionary Phonology. This article argues for a highly restricted, innatist phonological component. It discusses two testable predictions: the 'straitjacket' effect limits functionally well-motivated phenomena in arbitrary ways, the 'functional ignorance' effect means that some functionally well-motivated phenomena never occur. A restricted phonological component means that the explanatory domain of Evolutionary Phonology (and theories of transmissibility more generally) is i-language external phenomena, such as typological frequency.

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This paper presents a method to estimate accurately the parameters involved in the HIV-1 infection. An application to the evaluation of the drugs effectiveness and therapeutical failures is presented.


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Question: Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Studies on Mouse Infected by VSV

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For example, ['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', "This paper presents a wideband 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS frequency multiplier at 200-245 GHz. The balanced multiplier results in a low first harmonic component, and uses a reflector at the base nodes to reflect the second harmonics to transistors for improved efficiency. The measured output power is > -2 dBm at 200-245 GHz with a peak value of +2 dBm at 224-228 GHz and a conversion gain of -15 dB. To the author's knowledge, this is the highest power wideband doubler at 200-250 GHz."] should be similar to ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'A 200-245 GHz Balanced Frequency Doubler with Peak Output Power of +2 dBm']

Brain, spinal cord, lung, heart and liver of mouse infected by VSV was studied using immunohistochemistry method and HE staining. The results showed that VSV can infect mouse, in earlier period of infection, lesions located mainly in lung, in anaphase of infection, lesions located mainly in brain and spinal cord. Positive cells were found in lung, brain and spinal cord. The positive rate in brain was higher. Results showed that duplication of VSV occured mainly in lung and brain,and cause corresponding pathogenicity.

Demonstration of the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Substance P (NK 1 ) Receptor Antagonist in Major Depression


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Question: Acoustic-Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) for Laboratory Use

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A remote-sensing, three-dimensional (3D) velocity sensor has been developed and tested for use in physical model facilities. The sensor is based on the Acoustic Doppler principle and measures the 3D velocity at a rate of 25 Hz in a sampling volume of less than 1 cm. The sensor is mechanically rugged, can be used in open-air physical model facilities, and can be readily moved from location to location with minimum setup time. A convenient interface operated on a PC allows instrument setup, file naming, and visual monitoring of the three flow components from simple menus. The instrument can replace several types of flow measurement instruments such as propeller gauges, electromagnetic gauges, Pitot tubes, LDVs, and hot-film anemometers, thereby simplifying procedures for technicians while providing continuous digital records at user-specified sampling rates.

Introduction. Instruments. Depth and Transverse Resolution. Phase Imaging. Applications. Appendix A: Vector Field Theory for Depth and Transverse Resolution of a CSOM.


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Question: Electrocardiographic Recognition of the Epicardial Origin of Ventricular Tachycardias

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Background— Some ventricular tachycardias (VTs) originating from the epicardium are not suitable for endocardial radiofrequency ablation and require an epicardial approach. The aim of this study was to define the ECG characteristics that may identify an epicardial origin of VTs. Methods and Results— We analyzed the 12-lead ECG recordings during epicardial and endocardial left ventricular pacing in 9 patients to verify the hypothesis that the epicardial origin of the ventricular activation widens the initial part of the QRS complex. Then, we analyzed the ECG pattern in 14 VTs successfully ablated from the epicardium after a failed endocardial approach (group A), in 27 VTs successfully ablated from the endocardium (group B), and in 28 additional VTs that could not be ablated from the endocardium (group C). Four distinct intervals of ventricular activation were defined and measured: (1) the pseudodelta wave, (2) the intrinsicoid deflection time in V2, (3) the shortest RS complex, and (4) the QRS complex. VTs...

1. Cardiovascular Status 2. Cardiovascular Syndromes 3. Specific Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances 4. Delivery of Cardiac Care


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Question: An Empirical Study on the Cultivation of Non-English Major Students' Multiliteracies Based on Multimodality

As a need for cultural pluralism and multimodal communication,the cultivation of multiliteracies has indicated a new development trend for language teaching. This paper sets up a controlled experiment among non-English major students at one university of Zhejiang Province to conduct an empirical study on the cultivation of multiliteracies. The results indicate that cultivating multiliteracies can not only improve learners' autonomy and ability of inquiring multimodal information, but also arouse their learning interest and integrated ability of English study.

Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: TO STUDY THE ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL OF A CANTILEVER BEAM IN OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

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Research on Active Vibration Control System (AVCS) is being carried out to reduce structural vibrations caused by unwanted vibrations in many application areas such as in space, aircraft structures, satellites, automobiles and civil structures (bridges), particularly at low frequencies. In this paper; we have discussed Active Vibration Control technique by using open loop control system. Result from ANSYS and experimental results from FFT analyzer were compared. The experimental results are presented for the cantilever beam excited at one of its natural frequency using active vibration control system. For open loop control system, less reduction were observed and the reasons were discussed for it. Keywords—Piezoelectric(PZT), Active Vibration Control(AVC), Cantilever beam, Actuator, Electro-dynamic shaker,ANSYS, FFT

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SEVERAL ASPECTS, BOTH PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL, OF THE WAY TO OBTAIN INTEGRAL AND INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SUSPENSION BRIDGE PROBLEMS ARE ANALYSED. BOTH THE CASE OF EQUAL LOADING ON THE CABLES AND TORSION EFFECTS ARE DEALT WITH, EMPHASIZING THE CONVENIENCE OF THE APPROACH FOR DIGITAL COMPUTER CALCULATION. APPLICATION IS MADE TO THE CASE OF A SUSPENSION BRIDGE WITH A CONSTANT OR VARIABLE RIGIDITY STIFFENING TRUSS. /RRL/A/


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Question: The verdazyl method for the study of the kinetics and mechanisms of the unimolecular heterolysis reactions of organic compounds

Data concerning the use of triphenylverdazyl radicals as internal indicators to study the kinetics and mechanisms of the heterolysis of organic substrates in various protic and aprotic solvents are surveyed. The application of the verdazyl method made it possible to put forward a new mechanism of the heterolysis of a covalent bond — the reaction proceeds via the consecutive formation of contact, spatially separated, and solvent-separated ion pairs. The bibliography includes 135 references.

The results of studies on the association of hydrocarbon hydroperoxides and the formation of their complexes with alcohols and aromatic, dienic, and olefinic hydrocarbons are reviewed. The role of the intermolecular hydrogen bond in the decomposition of hydrocarbon hydroperoxides is demonstrated. The bibliography includes 53 references.


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Question: Scene Graph Contextualization in Visual Commonsense Reasoning

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Leveraging structured visual representations such as scene graphs is beneficial to high-level computer vision tasks such as captioning or visual question answering. The recent Visual Commonsense Reasoning challenge focuses on the cognition aspects of question answering. The paper also introduces a Reasoning to Cognition (R2C) architecture tailored for this problem. We propose a modification to the R2C network that takes into account the knowledge encoded in the image by extracting the scene graph, embedding the facts and attending to them.

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Foundations of Semantic Web Reasoning.- Composing Frameworks and Components for Families of Semantic Web Applications.- Semantic Web Logic Programming Tools.- Web Rules Need Two Kinds of Negation.- Reasoning in Practice.- Towards the Adaptive Semantic Web.- On Reasoning on Time and Location on the Web.- Reasoning about Communicating Agents in the Semantic Web.- Query and Rule-Languages.- A Visual Language for Web Querying and Reasoning.- XML Document Adaptation Queries (XDAQ): An Approach to Adaptation Reasoning Using Web Query Languages.- On Types for XML Query Language Xcerpt.- Integrating Description Logics and Answer Set Programming.- Semantics and Knowledge Representation.- Extracting Mathematical Semantics from Documents.- Reasoning in Attempto Controlled English.- Systematics and Architecture for a Resource Representing Knowledge about Named Entities.


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Question: Practice on translational preventive medicine:PulseNet

Currently,communicable diseases can rapidly spread worldwide with ease,and many countries increasingly attach great importance to communicable disease surveillance,especially to laboratory surveillance.PulseNet China is the National Molecular Subtyping Network for Bacterial Infectious Diseases in China,which playes a critical role in respond to bacterial infectious disease outbreaks in China,and it is a model network for communication and collaboration among partners involved in communicable disease surveillance.This paper describes the current status of PulseNet China,and meanwhile,discusses the current challenges and the potential improvements for pathogen surveillance in China,including the needs to construct or adjust the system for Chinese pathogen surveillance.

The article described the application and expectation of PCR-RFLP in meat species identification.


Question: Alzheimer Disease: Major Neurotransmitter Deficits. Can they be Corrected?

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During the several year progression of Alzheimer disease (AD), a continuous loss of neurons is observed in two major forebrain nuclei of the central nervous system (CNS): the locus coeruleus (LC) and the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM). Numerous neuropathological and biochemical studies of AD brain have revealed a substantial decrease of noradrenergic neurons in the LC and a 70% depletion of norepinephrine (NE) in the cortex (cf. Nazarali and Reynolds, 1992). The serotonergic system is also affected (cf. Nazarali and Reynolds, 1992).

Increasing Rate of Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS in Iranian Chil-dren: An Alarm for Health Policymakers


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Question: Q-switch pumped InSb spin-flip raman laser action under pulsed electric field conditions

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Abstract Temporal synchronization of a Q -switch spin-flip Raman laser pulse (SFR) with a voltage pulse across an InSb sample leads to an enhancement of the Stokes output and to a shortening of the spin-flip pulse duration. During the end of the voltage pulse with a fall time ⩽ 30 ns, the Stokes output power increased by a factor 2–3 while the SFR pulse duration decreased to 50 ns.

The use of far-IR injection lasers in pulsed molecular high-resolution spectroscopy is addressed. Far-IR radiation generation in a magnetoplasma spectral window is reviewed. The frequency tuning of long-wavelength diode lasers under combined temperature and magnetic field influence is examined.


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Question: A preliminary study on the climatic and environmental changes at the turn from pleistocene to holocene in East Asia

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This paper examines the regional climatic and environmental changes from the late Pleistocene to middle Holocene in Central-East Asia. A review is made of the published literature that are specific to pelaeoclimate and physical environment in some geographical regions.It is shown that (1) during the late Pleistocene the annual mean temperature was 5°–6° C lower than present in Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau, 6° to 9° C lower than today in NE China, 6° C lower than today in E China, and 4° C lower than present in Taiwan island; (2) during the middle Holocene, the annual mean temperature was 4° C warmer than present in Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau, 3° to 4° C warmer than today in NE China, 2° to 3° C warmer than today in Shanghai area, and only 2° to 2.5° C warmer in Taiwan island.

We developed a Species Distribution Model based on environmental data for identification of the modern and the last glacial maximum (LGM, about 22 000 ybp) suitable habitats of the L. vulgaris and L. v. vulgaris. The relative contributions to the model of four variables (precipitation of driest quarter, temperature annual range, mean diurnal range and annual mean temperature) were high. Based on modern ranges of subspecies of L. vulgaris, paleontological records, and our distribution models, LGM refugia of L. v. vulgaris could located in western Europe, the Balkans, the Danube plains, the northwestern coast of the Black Sea, and the eastern coast of the Sea of Azov. The analysis of data about the position of glacial refugia, modern distribution of mtDNA lineages and variation of the trunk vertebrae number allowed us to propose possible routes of post-Pleistocene dispersal of L. v. vulgaris. Refs 15. Figs 3. Tables 1.


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Question: Tornado Warning Response and Perceptions among Undergraduates in Nebraska

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AbstractFew studies show how university students perceive and respond to tornado warnings. Lacking in the literature are investigations of what influences perceptions of tornado risk among this population and how these perceptions may influence actions. Through an online survey of 640 undergraduates enrolled at a large university in Nebraska, significant relationships were found between student demographics, perceptions, and response actions. Tornado mythology relevant to the local city influenced perceptions so that students felt the city was less at risk than surrounding rural land. Confirming risk before sheltering remained popular, with some students choosing to never seek shelter during a warning. International students were more likely to initially seek shelter during a warning but had difficulty interpreting warning polygons or accurately choosing the best safety actions. Tornado-related education resulted in international students being more likely to have safety plans and shelter in more appropri...

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Farm Spending and Local Selling: How Do They Match Up?; Changing Fiscal Patterns for Minnesota County Governments


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Question: Self reported hearing difficulties following excision of vestibular schwannoma

A new questionnaire, developed to investigate self-reported hearing difficulties in unilateral deafness, was completed by 221 post-surgical vestibular schwannoma patients. Results were compared to a group of 51 normal hearers and 12 patients with severe unilateral deafness from other causes. The vestibular schwannoma patients rated their post surgical hearing as profoundly deaf in the operated ear, and worse than pre-surgical in the other. Factor analysis of the results revealed a general hearing factor and five factors, indirect listening, direct listening, face-to-face listening, noise and distance, and localization, representing performance in specific listening situations. Two factors, direct listening and face-to-face listening have not been commented upon previously in the literature. No differences were found between the hearing-impaired groups on any of the factors. Both groups gave ratings significantly worse than the normal hearers on all factors, and rated themselves worst on indirect listening...

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In this review of the literature we discuss the rare occurrence of metastatic tumours mimicking bilateral vestibular schwannoma and present an own case with pancreatic signet-ring cell carcinoma as primary tumour.


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Question: New Results on Noncommutative and Commutative Polynomial Identity Testing

Using ideas from automata theory we design a new efficient (deterministic) identity test for the \emph{noncommutative} polynomial identity testing problem (first introduced and studied in \cite{RS05,BW05}). We also apply this idea to the reconstruction of black-box noncommuting algebraic branching programs. Assuming the black-box model allows us to query the ABP for the output at any given gate, we can reconstruct an (equivalent) ABP in deterministic polynomial time. Finally, we explore commutative identity testing when the coefficients of the input polynomial come from an arbitrary finite commutative ring with unity.

Preliminaries and Notation.- Classical Approximation Theorems.- Operational Calculus in One Variable.- Differential Forms.- The -Operator.- The Equation .- The Oka-Weil Theorem.- Operational Calculus in Several Variables.- The Silov Boundary.- Maximality and Rado's Theorem.- Maximum Modulus Algebras.- Hulls of Curves and Arcs.- Integral Kernels.- Perturbations of the Stone?Weierstrass Theorem.- The First Cohomology Group of a Maximal Ideal Space.- The -Operator in Smoothly Bounded Domains.- Manifolds Without Complex Tangents.- Submanifolds of High Dimension.- Boundaries of Analytic Varieties.- Polynomial Hulls of Sets Over the Circle.- Areas.- Topology of Hulls.- Pseudoconvex sets in ?n.- Examples.- Historical Comments and Recent Developments.- Solutions to Some Exercises.


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Question: To desing for the information system of integration management of medical equipments and it application

Based on the demand of network information services of medical equipment of every level of manager working in hospital and the resources of HIS,to construct the framework of information system of integration management andn etwork services of medical equipment,basic datasets,statistics indexes and application service platform. The system can provide the network information services,i.e. analytic demonstration of medical equipment purchase,surveillance of application of equipment,quality control of it in working process,evaluation the effect of the application of medical equipment and some report forms. The aim is to implement the scientific,elaborate and integrated management of medical equipments in the whole process,and help for decision making of themanagers.

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Given ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title:', "Abstract The past two decades have provided early childhood educators with new insights, information and additional questions regarding the care and education of young children. This article provides a review of the past decade and suggests issues that should be addressed in the decade of the '80s. Consensus-seeking on these issues should be of interest to all persons concerned with young children.—N.L.Q."], a positive would be ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Research: Early Childhood Education: Issues for a New Decade']

the paper presents measures to strengthen adminastration of internal affairs's materials concerning highway engineering.


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Question: The impact of diagnosis on the therapeutic management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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The considerable progress in diagnostic tools, the identification of a number of biological markers improving outcome prediction, and the introduction of new treatment strategies have made the therapeutic management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) no longer straightforward. Furthermore, the care of individual patients with CLL has become more demanding, and a comprehensive approach to them should include attention to quality of life (QOL) issues, adherence to supportive care guidelines, consideration of age and comorbidity, recognition of clinical complications such as infection, autoimmune cytopenias, and transformation into a more aggressive disease.1 In CLL patients, a risk-stratified approach to therapy based on novel prognostic markers is recommended in the context of clinical trials, but not in general routine. 2 How the novel markers could at least complement the traditional prognostic factors in the clinical management of patients with CLL is now discussed.3

Purpose ::: To fully elucidate the relationship of serum fibrinogen and the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.


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Question: Development of a Tri‐Layer Electrochemical Model for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

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We report the development of a 1D continuum model to describe the performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The model consists of two coupled components: 1) Charge transport, and 2) Species transport. The effective transport properties that feed into these components were computed from percolation theory. Ionic and electronic potential distributions in the cell were obtained by solving for transport of charged species (oxygen ions and electrons), the production/loss of charged species being modeled by Butler-Volmer Kinetics. A multi-component diffusion model was employed to account for the diffusion of multiple neutral species through the porous electrode and solve for species concentration within the cell. Good agreement was observed between the model and experimental I-V characteristics of SOFCs under a series of operating conditions.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Design examples using tiers in the draft limit states code

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The various tiers in the new draft Australian Standard for Steel Structures DR 87164 (1987) have been examined by means of design examples for a range of members including beams, axially loaded columns and beam columns. The proposed design methods in DR 87164 have been compared with the existing design methods in the current standard AS1250-1981, the results for the latter method being shown inside brackets following the results for the former. If the first tier is used, the design effort is comparable with the existing standard and some economies are possible. If the second and higher tiers are used, the design effort can be increased and care must be taken in applying the new clauses (unless a reliable computer program is used). However, there are considerable rewards awaiting the astute designer who wishes to make the investment of time to understand the higher tiers. This will be made easier by a commentary which will accompany the new standard when it is published.

Features about structure of struts、Operation methods and some functions are introduced. This Operation methods and some functions in system plat of EMS information is finished with technology based in Struts structure. Furthermore , the design of MVC mode is illustrated.


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Question: Implementation of KDM system based on DCI

The Key Delivery Message(KDM) has been designed to deliver security parameters and usage rights between Digital Cinema content processing centers. We implement KDM system that consists of KDM server which can issue KDM to D-Cinema play server and content server which can receive a KDM request from D-Cinema play server and request KDM server to issue KDM for the D-Cinema play server. Proposed KDM system provides how it securely receives the KDM related information from mastering server, how it handles the KDM information in KDM server and content server, and how it issues KDM to D-Cinema play server.

This appendix pertains to the level diagram calculations of the Pandora single-channel radar.


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Question: Language and identity : An Inuit perspective

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The Inuit of Nunavut are calling for the protection, preservation and promotion of their language. At the root of these demands is the belief that their ancestral language is fundamentally linked to their culture and to their identity. Listening to the voices of Inuit who, faced with the threat of losing their language, express its fundamental importance, one gains new insight into the relationship between language and identity. This paper presents the voices of Inuit from Nunavut who were asked to speak about the significance of their language, and the link that they see between their language and their identity. Piercing the theoretical debate, these voices express the relationship between language and identity, as seen by those who may consider themselves at risk of losing both.

An overview of European models of bilingual education, Hugo Baetens Beardsmore making bilingualism work - developments in bilingual education in Asean, Anne Pakir when is a language worth teaching? Native languages and English in India, Makhan Tickoo some aspects of multilingualism and their educational implications, Louise Dabene the role of phonology in the teaching of pronunciation to bilingual students, Tony T.N. Hung the response of education to the native language of Wales, D. Gareth Edwards language and social identity amongst Tamil-English bilinguals in Singapore, Vanithamani Saravanan strategies for the construction of meaning - Chinese students in Singapore writing in English and Chinese, Ruth L. Wong the German model of bilingual education, Nando Masch.


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Question: Nursing Home Residents' Participation in a Creative Communication Course: The Influence of Age, Activity, and Attendance

Residents from three facilities located in one county in the southeastern United States partici pated in an in-house communication course made up of six weekly sessions. Activities for each session cncluded creative dramatics, interpretive reading, and group discussion. The subjects participated most in interpretive reading and participation levels remained high across the sessions. Participation in group discussion varied from session to session. The subjects participated least in creative dramatics, but willingness to participate increased throughout the course. Age appeared unrelated to subjects' level of participation. Among subjects who attended regularly (N = 19), participation across the three activities increased over time.

Contents Preface * Health Care for the Aged: The Pursuit of Equity and Comprehensiveness * Health Economics, Old-Age Politics, and the Catastrophic Medicare Debate * Hospital-Based Long-Term Care Services for the Frail Elderly * Utilizing Client Experience in Developing New Service Delivery Models for Care of the Aged * Models of Intensive Case Management * Community-Based Long Term Care: The Experience of the Living at Home Programs * Integrating the Frail and Well Elderly: The Experience of Senior Centers * Discharge Planning: The Impact of Medicare's Prospective Payment on Elderly Patients * Adult Day Care Services for the Elderly and Their Families: Lessons From the Pennsylvania Experience * Reference Notes Included


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Question: The Analysis of the Languid Educational Management Factors about Teachers in Primary and Middle Schools

The lassitude of the teacher profession is that teachers produce failure state of mood,attitude and the behavior under the pressure experiences for a long time.The lassitude of the profession is one kind of profession harm,the existence of it greatly affects the health of body and mind of teachers and the development of students.The author analysis factors which leads to the lassitude in educational management and present the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

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Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: Polaron transitions in charge intercalated amorphous tungsten oxide thin films

We present a parametric dielectric function model in dependence of the intercalated charge per tungsten ion ratio x, which excellently describes the ellipsometric experimental data, and allows the identification of two polaron modes corresponding to transitions between W 4+ and W 5+ and between W 5+ and W 6+ tungsten ion sites. A competitive relation between the two polaron transitions is found. An empirical relation for the amplitude of the polaron transitions is found useful to provide a good description of the polaron transition dependence on x.

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Examples:

"['', 'In this paper, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Most Discriminant Features (MDF), and Regularized-Direct Linear Discriminant Analysis (RD-LDA) - based feature extraction approaches are tested and compared in an experimental personal recognition system. The system is multimodal and bases on features extracted from nine regions of an image of the palmar surface of the hand. For testing purposes 10 gray-scale images of right hand of 184 people were acquired. The experiments have shown that the best results are obtained with the RD-LDA - based features extraction approach (100% correctness for 920 identification tests and EER = 0.01% for 64170 verification tests).']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Comparison of PCA -, MDF -, and RD-LDA - based feature extraction approaches for hand-based personal recognition']"

An analysis is made of the relationship between the susceptibility to external pressure and the structural characteristics of perovskite-like halide ferroelastics


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Question: Improving Foot Self-Care Behaviors With Pies Sanos

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For example, '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Thank you very much for downloading irrigation and economic development. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen novels like this irrigation and economic development, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer. irrigation and economic development is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the irrigation and economic development is universally compatible with any devices to read.']' should be close to '['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Irrigation And Economic Development']'

Participants who received Pies Sanos, a 15-min intervention designed to improve diabetes self-efficacy and foot self-care behaviors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes who lived in a predominantly Mexican American community, performed more-complete foot self-care 1 month later in their homes. Recruited when they presented for nonurgent care to the emergency department in two community hospitals near the U.S.-Mexico border, participants were randomized into one of three groups. At follow-up, there was a significant difference in observed foot self-care behaviors between groups, F(2, 135) = 2.99, p < .05, as well as a significant difference within the intervention, t (47) = -4.32, p < .01, and control group, t (46) = -2.06, p < .05, for baseline and follow-up self-reported foot self-care behaviors. Baseline diabetes self-efficacy was significantly and positively correlated with both baseline (r = .335, p < .001) and follow-up ( r = .174, p < .05) foot self-care behaviors.

Introduction: One Is the Lonelist Number The Civic Catechism Agoraphobia The Rite Stuff The Bawdy Politic Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: Investigation of the structure of oxide layers on real GaAs surfaces using X-ray diffuse scattering

X-ray diffuse scattering experiments on real (111) and (100) surfaces of GaAs revealed diffuse streaks whose intensity is strongly dependent on the surface orientation and on the procedure used to prepare the surface itself. The possibility that a preferred orientation of β-Ga2O3 crystallites within the surface oxide layer played a role in this was examined.

The compressive stress originated in the coherent epitaxial-SrRuO3/LaAlO3 interface has been used as a nano-patterning tool for the creation of island and wire arrays in ultrathin (<20 nm) SrRuO3 films. The nanostructure, stoichiometry, and electrical properties of these arrays have been studied by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, Rutherford back-scattering spectroscopy and resistivity vs temperature measurements. The influence of the shadowing effect produced by the non-perpendicular incidence of the evaporated particles on the array morphology is discussed.


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Question: Analysis and Prevention of Grinding Crackles in the Parts of Diesel Engine

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In the paper,the reason leading to crackes of parts of diesel engine after grinding is analyzed.To find the principles of grinding crackes,the microstructures of crackes and microhardness of material are studied.Precautionary measures in the process of grinding and heat treatment are adopted to avoid the batch grinding crackles.The paper purpose is order to apply help to some corporation and users.


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['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Ethical dilemmas in individual and collective rights‐based approaches to tertiary education scholarships: the cases of Canada and Cuba'] == ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'One of the ongoing debates in Canadian higher education is the dilemma of the brain drain and the seemingly conflicting goals between the strategies and intentions of various government departments. While Citizenship and Immigration Canada aims to recruit the brightest students from across the globe to study in Canada and to enable their long‐term stay as permanent residents and ultimately as citizens, the Canadian International Development Agency is mandated to strengthen human capacity in developing countries. This paper provides a critical analysis of the brain drain problem by juxtaposing Canadian policies with Cuban policies as manifested in the two countries’ divergent approaches to international students and tertiary education scholarships for students from poorer countries. Following an overview of the existing scholarship programmes in both countries, ethical and philosophical considerations are examined that appear to underlie the two countries’ individual‐rights‐based and collective‐rights‐base...'] != ['represent the natural language', 'From a policy, practice, and theoretical perspective, this article promotes the use of the nonprofit to lessen the financial burden on government in advancing the wellbeing of the general public. T...']

Question: The Relative Performance of Macroeconomic Policies under Alternative Exchange Rates with Wage Indexation and Rational Expectations: The Fleming Proposition Revisited

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This paper introduces rational expectations into a version of the Fleming (1962) model and examines how the degree of wage indexation and the distinction between temporary and permanent disturbances affect the validity of the Fleming proposition regarding the relative efficacy of fiscal and monetary policy. It is found that (1) if macroeconomic shocks are unanticipated and temporary, the Fleming proposition is always invalid if money wages are completely indexed to the domestic price, the foreign price, or a combination of the two; and (2) if macroeconomic shocks are anticipated by the public, the Fleming proposition no longer holds. Copyright 1990 by Scottish Economic Society.

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The Economics of Residential Property Theoretical Building Blocks for the Analysis of Housing Markets Housing and the Wider Economy in the Short and Long Run House Price Shocks and Consumption with Forward Looking Households Housing Wealth, Bequests and Financial Liberalization in the Major Economies The Theory of Economies in Transition Assessing the Impact of Financial Liberalization and Income Shocks on Consumption Evidence from Aggregate Data Consumption, Human Capital and Housing Wealth Evidence from Household Data Financial Liberalization and the Design of Mortgage Contracts Policy Issues.


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Question: Hexaphenolic Rigid Cages Prepared by Self-Organization of C3 v Tridentates.

Coordination cages were composed by self-organization of rigid C3 v-symmetric heptaarene tridentates and Pd(II) precursors. The heptaarene framework involves one mesitylene, three phenol, and three pyridine moieties, which were connected by Suzuki coupling reactions. The treatment of the tridentates with Pd(dppp)(OTf)2 or Pd(en)(NO3)2 in a 2:3 molar ratio furnished coordination cages, which was ascertained by crystallography, 1H NMR and DOSY measurements, and ESI-TOFMS and UV-vis spectra. The cages have six phenolic hydroxy groups inside and were expected to incorporate hydrogen-bonding guest molecules such as saccharides. CD and DOSY measurements showed that octyl hexoside guests could be incorporated into the cage.

Perspectives and Summary 227 Structure 228 Reductases 230 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formaldehyde ...... 233 One-Carbon Unit Transfer at the Oxidation Level of Formate 240 Reaction of the One-Carbon Unit at the Methyl Leve/ of Oxidation 244 Pterin-Dependent Hydraxy/ations 245


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Question: [Clinical evaluation of the complex diagnosis of ovarian tumors].

For earlier recognition of ovarian tumors the complex diagnosis for ovarian tumors was estimated clinically. The conception is supported concerning females that should be classified as ovarian cancer high-risk groups. A system is elaborated for active identification of patients with ovarian tumors, using the complex diagnosis, the latter in vast majority of cases enables the difficulties of the differential diagnostics to be overcome; also the indications to and sequence of application of the recommended methods of investigation are formulated, some practical recommendation are given. The system of active and early establishment of the diagnosis is to recognize, at mass prophylactic examinations, females showing high-risk factor, the former also includes their dispensarization, hospitalization and examination, using the complex of accessory methods of investigation. All this enabled in 4% clinically unsuspected ovarian tumors to be detected, 2 per cent of them being in early stages.

The correlation between the development of early acute postoperative cognitive disorders and the low concentration of postoperative hemoglobin level and delayed allogenic hemotransfusion has been determined retrospectively in 268 patients at the age of 60-92 years with femoral neck fractures admitted to Yekaterinburg traumatology departments within the first 24 hrs after injuries not later. Hemoglobin level of ≥100 g/l in the early postoperative period has been established to be associated with the decrease of acute postoperative cognitive disorder incidence in patients with femoral neck fractures and cardiovascular diseases undergoing the procedure of the hip endoprosthetics.


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Question: Infrared intersubband transitions in double‐quantum wells under the electric field

The possibility of observation of four peak absorption caused by transitions between the pairs of ground and the first excited tunnel‐coupled states in double‐quantum wells (DQWs) is studied. Comparison of ordinary and differential absorption spectra for different biases is carried out. It is shown that use of differential absorption spectra is very useful for investigation of IR transitions of electrons in DQWs (sensitivity of such measurements may turn out to be sufficient for IR investigation of even single DQWs in contrast to usual experiments that should be performed multi‐DQWs structures).

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Using Sn-I-Sn-I-Sn-I-Sn triple tunnel junctions, some spatial inhomogeneous states in superconducting tin films were observed under strong phonon injection.


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Question: Spectrochemical Analysis of Lonar Lake Water and Sediment using dc-glow Discharge Technique

The dc-glow discharge technique was employed to study the excitation mechanism of water (brine) and sediment of the Lonar crater. The elemental analysis of the crater water and sediment was carried out. The yield of Fe from the crater water was obtained by the dc glow discharge. The spectra of the Lonar water and sediment sample emitted during glow discharge are recorded using PMT and Monochromator. The various emission peaks in the region 400 to 480nm of the spectrum indicate the contamination of the different metals Fe, Ni and Ti in sediment sample. The percentage of Fe 1.946 % and of Ni 6.842 % is estimated gravimetrically from the sediment sample in the Lonar crater. ::: Key Words: Lonar crater; dc-glow discharge; spectrochemical

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Given ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title!', 'Special issue Bridging the gap between the shallow and deep oceans: The key role of submarine canyons.-- 3rd INCISE International Submarine Canyon Symposium, 25-27 July 2016, Victoria, BC Canada.-- 5 pages'], a positive would be ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Bridging the gap between the shallow and deep oceans: The key role of submarine canyons']

Development of Hydrometallurgical Processes. Industrial Hydroxyoxime Extractants and Their Characteristics. Physicochemistry of Metal Extraction with Hydroxyoximes. Potential of Metal Extraction and Separation with Hydroxyoximes. Application of Hydroxyoximes in Membrane Processes. Processing of Copper Ores. Index.


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Question: GaN-Based HEMTs on Large Diameter Si Substrate for Next Generation of High Power/High Temperature Devices

Increasing demand for high power amplifiers in wireless communication systems and radars has stimulated new developments in solid state device structures. One emerging area had been gallium nitride (GaN)-based FETs. Its large bandgap, high breakdown field, high electron mobility, and ability to form heterojunctions in the (In, Al, Ga)N material matrix make this material attractive in comparison to conventional gallium arsenide pseudomorphic-HEMTs (high electron mobility transistors). In the past decade, outstanding performance has been demonstrated with AlGaN/ contents

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Preface.Acknowledgements.Glossary of Abbreviations.Glossary of Symbols.1. An Introduction to Optical Communication Systems.2. Principles of Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser Diodes: Coupled Wave Theory.3. Structural Impacts on the Solutions of Coupled Wave Equations: An Overview.4. Transfer Matrix Modelling in DFB Semiconductor Lasers.5. Threshold Analysis and Optimization of Various DFB LDs Using the Transfer Matrix Method.6. Above-Threshold Characteristics of DFB Laser Diodes: A TMM Approach.7. Above-Threshold Analysis of Various DFB Lase r Structures Using the TMM.8. Circuit and Transmission-Line Laser Modelling (TLLM) Techniques.9. Analysis of DFB Laser Diode Characteristics Based on the Transmission-Line Modelling (TLLM).10. Wavelength Tunable Optical Filters Based on DFB Laser Structures.11. Other Wavelenght Tunable Optical Filters Based on the DFB Laser Structure.12. Conclusion, Summary and Suggestions.Index.


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Fewshots:
'['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Phrase animation generation reflecting impression of words']' == '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'This paper proposes a phrase animation generation reflecting impressions of words. The process of generating phrase animations consists of two procedures; impression estimation and animation output. In the former procedure, impressions of an inputted phrase are estimated from impressions of an inputted adjective/adjectival verb. That is derived from the number of co-occurrence on web search between the adjective/adjectival verb and prepared specific words. Experiments are performed in order to confirm validity of outputted phrase animations. As a result, it is found that the phrase animations have the possibility to reflect impressions of inputted adjective/adjectival verb.']' != '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'in the paper the several methods that audio play is introduced, characteristic and realization of function API in designing audio playing are shown.']'

Question: Quality assurance of glass fiber reinforced piping systems

Resin based glass fiber reinforced plastic piping systems have been in use for over 30 years in a variety of industrial purposes, e.g. cooling and potable water, crude oil, gas, etc. Glass fiber reinforced piping systems have considerable advantages over alternative materials for piping systems. This is mainly due to their high corrosion resistance. The use of GRP pipes is limited due to the lack of quality assurance. As with other piping systems the joint is the weakest point. The paper describes the effort made towards a better quality control and understanding of the failure through determination of acceptance criteria and development of nondestructive testing methods for adhesively bounded joints.

In civil engineering, steel reinforced concrete is currently still the most widely used composite material. For broad spectrum of utilization is the most important combination of a high compressive and tensile strength [1]. The increasing demand for subtle concrete elements gave impetus to the development of the new materials for the reinforcement of concrete which are non-corrodible and thus do not need such a thick coating layer-technical textiles. These composite materials are known under the title Textile Reinforced Concrete – TRC. The current research reported the use of AR glass fibers reinforced material for HPC and comparison with other reinforced materials.


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Question: Secondary transport of amino acids in Nitrosomonas europaea

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Nitrosomonas europaea is capable of incorporating exogenously supplied amino acids. Studies in whole cells revealed that at least eight amino acids are actively accumulated, probably by the action of three different transport systems, each with high affinity (μ molar range) for several amino acids. Evidence for the action of secondary mechanisms of transport was obtained from efflux, counterflow and exchange experiments. More detailed information was obtained from studies in liposomes in which solubilized integral membrane proteins of N. europaea were incorporated. Uptake of l-alanine in these liposomes could be driven by artificially imposed pH gradients and electrical potentials, but not by chemical sodium-ion gradients. These observations indicate that l-alanine is transported by a H+/alanine symport system. The ecological significance of secondary amino acid transport systems in autotrophic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria is discussed.

In countries like India Pesticides play an important role in agricultural sector. Their importance in crop yield improvement is understood and well accepted. But still they pose a threat to the environment due their toxic nature and persistence in the food chain. This study focuses on development of a method to reduce the environmental burden of the pesticide by way of biodegradation. During this study six bacterial isolates were found to show significant ability to carry out the degradation of selected pesticides, these cultures were identified Acinetobacter radioresistens, Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis, Bacillus pumilus, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia marcescens, Burkholderia gladioli.


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Question: Providing patient-friendly financial options.

Having flexible payment options ensures that patients will have all of the motivation and information that they need to accept care in your office. An HCCC simply offers you the chance to make more expensive treatment available to those who need or want it. The small cost of using a HCCC program more than pays for itself--in fact, it costs less than one-third of what you would spend if you were to bill these patients instead. Having consistent financial policies and flexible payment options can dramatically increase your office's productivity and profitability, while expressing your commitment to customer service and high-quality dentistry.

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Expanding behavioral health offerings helps increase access to mental well-being support and treatment.


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Question: [Molecular characteristics of the new evolutionary-conserved nuclear protein e(y)2].

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Molecular structural and function analyses of the Drosophila melanogaster enhancer of yellow 2 (e(y)2) gene showed that its product acts as a transcription factor and is one of the basic elements of the eukaryotic transcription system. The gene is expressed at all stages of D. melanogaster development and consists of a single intron coding for the protein of 101 amino acid residues. The e(y)2 protein does not contain regions homologous to known proteins. The protein binds with chromatin but not with DNA. On evidence of immune staining, e(y)2 occurs in the nuclei of all D. melanogaster cells. Each nucleus contains approximately 1.2 x 10(4) molecules of the protein. Immune staining revealed approximately 200 sites of e(y)2 location on polytene chromosomes. The protein is evolutionarily conserved: its homologs were found in evolutionary distant organisms, such as plants, mammals, and protozoans. Amino acid sequences of human, rabbit, and mouse e(y)2 are identical to each other.

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Given ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'PURPOSE: Feedback channel information in a wireless communication system is provided to reduce feedback overhead by giving feedback on a differential value between a first and a second bit to a base station. CONSTITUTION: A portable terminal estimates channels(S200). The portable terminal selects a preference matrix in a codebook(S210). The portable terminal directly gives feedback on PMI(Pre-coding matrix index) to a base station when the portable terminal does not exist in a differential PMI feedback mode(S220,S230). The portable terminal gives feedback on a differential value between the PMI of the selected matrix and the existed PMI when the portable terminal exists in the differential PMI feedback mode(S240). The base station acquires an original PMI(S245).'], a positive would be ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Feedbacking channel information in wireless communication system']

Human nuclear RNase P purified from HeLa cells has ATPase E. activity. This activity is associated with one of the protein subunits re, of the enzyme, Rpp20. Thus, human nuclear RNase P, which contains several proteins and one essential RNA, has at least one En; other enzymatic activity in addition to cleavage of phosphoester 1 > bonds in RNA. The amino acid sequence of Rpp20 has a signature NI motif found in an ATPase-containing subunit of a family of protein 10 complexes (ABC transporters) that mediate a variety of transRI membrane traffic, as well as a segment, DIxxN, that resembles the pr DEAD box motif of many ATPases: together, these might represent prt an ATPase signature motif. an (2, Rpp20 I ATPase motifs I ATPase inhibition I tRNA precursor


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Question: Marriage in the East in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries

This is a report on a study group on marriage in the East of France in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries held in Besancon June 7 1980. Topics covered include seasonal variations in marriage and differentials by religion (ANNOTATION)

Library and Internet resources that may be useful for researching papers on European international relations in the second half of the twentieth century.


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Question: Taking Away an Employer's Free Pass: Making the Case for a More Sophisticated Sex-Plus Analysis in Employment Discrimination Cases

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In this article the author advocates for a broader interpretation of sex-plus theory to encompass the concept of mother as a gender identified category.

Preface Introduction Chapter 1: A Brief History of the Circuit Courts Chapter 2: The Publication Plans Chapter 3: The Premises of the Argument for Limited Publication Chapter 4: The Counter-Arguments Chapter 5: The Life and Death of the No-Citation Rules Chapter 6: The Constitution and Unpublished Opinions Chapter 7: Restricting Oral Argument Chapter 8: Additional Decision Makers: Deciding By Bureaucracy Chapter 9: The Cumulative Effect of the Appellate Triage Regime Chapter 10: Commissions, Studies, Reports, and Proposals Chapter 11: The Obvious Solution and the Judicial Opposition Chapter 12: The Need for a Small Federal Judiciary: Reasons, Arguments, and Refutations Chapter 13: Jurisdictional Retrenchment: Of Babies and Bath Water Chapter 14: Elitism and Diversity Conclusion


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Question: Magnetochemical study of NiO-TiO2 catalysts

1. ::: ::: It was shown magnetochemically that in NiO-TiO2 catalysts, containing 5.04–33.83% NiO, and ignited at 430°, reaction between the Ni2+ ions is small and they are found in the octahedral cavities of the highly dispersed NiTiO3 phase. ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: 2. ::: ::: In catalysts containing 59 and 80% NiO there appears a substantial amount of the free NiO phase, and reaction between the Ni2+ ions increases. ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: 3. ::: ::: The ignition of the investigated samples at 600–900° leads to the appearance of intense EPR signals from the Ni2+ ions in the octahedral cavities of the NiTiO3 lattice, which is associated with its ordering due to crystallization.

Extending our recent insights in two-electron transfer microscopic mechanisms for a Tl-III/Tl-I redox system, the electrochemical response of glassy carbon electrode in acidified solutions of Tl-II ...


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Question: The experimental induction of pseudogamy in early mouse embryos

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Nach Behandlung von Mausesperma mit ultraviolettem Licht oder Rontgenstrahlen wurden bei vielen dreieinhalb Tage alten Embryonen von der Norm abweichende Chromosomensatze gefunden. Verschiedene waren haploid oder nahezu haploid; diese vermutlich durch Gynogenese entstandenen Embryonen waren gewohnlich in ihrer Entwicklung zuruckgeblichen. Behandlung der Spermatozoen mit Trypaflavin oder Toluidinblau fuhrte zu ahnlich verzogerter Entwicklung, aber ohne klar beobachtbare Abnormalitaten des Chromosomensatzes. Es wird eine Theorie der gynogenetischen und androgenetischen Entwicklung von Mausembryonen aufgestellt, und und mit ahnlichen Entwicklungstypen bei Amphibien verglichen.

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Following PEG and high pH induced fusion of haploid tetrad protoplasts of a normal purple flowered variety of P. hybrida with cell suspension protoplasts of a nuclear albino mutant of the variety Blue Lace, triploid gametosomatic hybrid plants were recovered. These hybrids possessed an intermediate floral morphology and the expected chromosome number of 2n=3x=21. Selection was based on the fact that pollen tetrad protoplasts failed to divide in culture and that, following complementation to chlorophyll proficiency in the gametosomatic hybrid, the hybrid cells were visualised against a background of albino cells of the variety Blue Lace. The production of such gametosomatic hybrid plants in Petunia has shown that the concept of gametosomatic hybridisation can be extended to genera other than Nicotiana and that alternative selection strategies are available.


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Question: Evaluation of Design Guidelines for the Serviceability Assessment of Aluminum Pedestrian Bridges

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AbstractServiceability issues related to lightweight pedestrian bridges have attracted a great deal of attention in the literature since the London Millennium Bridge incident, which involved large amplitude motions during its inauguration. Various design recommendations have since been proposed to quantify the steady-state resonant response and to mitigate excessive levels of vibration in slender pedestrian bridges. In the current study, design provisions currently used in North America and Europe are evaluated. Two full-scale aluminum pedestrian bridges were tested in the laboratory, and their performance in terms of meeting serviceability limits under pedestrian walking loads was assessed in accordance with a number of guidelines and standards. The experiments involved walking tests under different pedestrian densities. The results show significant differences in the predicted responses, which are mainly attributable to differences in the DLFs adopted in the guidelines, lack of guidance on the appropria...

Topics include: Frame Structures Analysis and Design of Steel Structures Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Analysis of Concrete Pavements Reinforced Concrete Structures Masonry Structures Shear Wall Structures Geotechnical Engineering and the Simulation of Flow Around Buildings.


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Question: The power potential of tidal currents in channels

Interest in sources of renewable energy has led to increasing attention being paid to the potential of strong tidal currents. There is a limit to the available power, however, as too many turbines will merely block the flow, reducing the power generated. The maximum average power available from a tidal stream along a channel, such as that between an island and the mainland, is estimated and found to be typically considerably less than the average kinetic energy flux in the undisturbed state through the most constricted cross-section of the channel. A general formula gives the maximum average power as between 20 and 24% of the peak tidal pressure head, from one end of the channel to the other, times the peak of the undisturbed mass flux through the channel. This maximum average power is independent of the location of the turbine ‘fences’ along the channel. The results may also be used to evaluate the power potential of steady ocean currents.

Wind power is a renewable energy source that is today the fastest growing solution to reduce CO2 emissions in the electric energy mix. Upwind horizontal axis wind turbine with three blades has ...


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Question: Functions of Connector in Safe Operation for Hydrometric Cableway

A connector is installed between streamlined weight and circulating cable to slow down rotation of streamlined weight so as to effectively reduce hidden troubles for safe operation of equipment during discharge measurement. Functions of the connector are analyzed and expounded from process of rotating steel wire and calculation of its torsional torque,as well as calculation for resistance moment of the connector and its design,application. From its application,rotation times of streamlined weight become lower,failures of current meters also decrease,thus greatly improving life time of hydrometric cableway.

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Inclusion grade and fuzzy implication operators

In this paper we propose a family of fuzzy implication operators, which generalises the Luckasiewicz's one, and to analyse the impacts of Smets and Magrez properties on these operators. The result of this approach will be a characterisation of a proposed family of inclusion grade operators that satisfies the axioms of Divyendu and Dogherty.

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The nonempty intersection property for the set-valued mapping in generalized interval spaces, more general topological spaces without linear structure are stadied. And Shafer-Sonneinschein equilibrium theorems for non-compact generalized economy are established.


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Question: Transport mechanism of peptides through supported liquid membranes

The transport of selected dipeptides through supported liquid membranes impregnated with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid in n-dihexylether has been investigated. The fluxes depend on the side chain of amino acids, presence in the peptide structure. The highest fluxes were obtained for the peptides extracted with the highest efficiency. It has been found that the hydrophobicity of investigated peptides, was not the major factor, influences their SLM permeation. In the conditions studied, it has been observed that the transport of peptide-carrier complex was depending on the acidic-basic properties of the analyte. The linearly least-square fittings of log {K 1 + [H + ]D} and log[(HR) 2 ] enable to determine the stechiometric ratio of complex formation reaction between the analysed peptide and cationic carrier D 2 EHPA. The value of the stechiometric constant (q) depends on the type (structure) of the analysed peptide. The described system allows obtaining high enrichment factors.

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper Given ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The frequency of psychopathological symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often underestimated because of the lack of comprehensive evaluation tools. A total of 486 consecutive non-demented PD patients completed the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90R) self-reported questionnaire, a validated tool for the assessment of psychopathological symptoms on nine dimensions. Somatization, depression, anxiety and obsessive–compulsive behaviors were reported by nearly half of the PD patients. They were more likely to occur in females. Disease-related factors such as duration, severity and daily dosages, but not type of dopaminergic medications, were associated with the occurrence of these symptoms. Psychopathological features are frequent in PD and their occurrence is underlined by disease-related factors.'], a positive would be ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract.', 'Psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson’s disease assessed with the SCL-90R self-reported questionnaire']

A direct synthesis of high-aspect-ratio microporous zeolite nanosheets and the use of such nanosheets in separation membranes are described.


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Question: Weierstrass-Stone,: The Theorem

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Contents: The Weierstrass-Stone Theorem for algebras, modules and arbitrary subsets - The Choquet-Deny and Kakutani Theorems for semi-lattices - Ransford's proof - Uniform approximation over non-compact spaces.

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Introduction Parabolic manifolds and the Ricci functions Jacobian sections for complex manifolds Preparations Lemma of the logarithmic derivative on parabolic manifolds Fields and vector spaces of meromorphic maps Steinmetz map and automorphisms of $Z(p)$ Important lemmata Main identity Functions $\theta_\alpha$ and $\Lambda$ Product to sum estimates Moving targets and the defect relation Bibliography.


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Question: Fibrin glue safety: inactivation of potential viral contaminants by pasteurization of the human plasma components.

Fibrin glue has become an indispensable tool in salvaging operations of the parenchymatous organs of the abdomen, in vascular and ophthalmic plastic surgery as well as neurosurgery. Currently available glues contain clotting factors from human plasma and thus carry the potential risk of transmitting viral infections like hepatitis or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Combined efforts in selection of plasma donations as well as pasteurization of the human plasma products allow the manufacturing of a product (Beriplast) with virtually no risk of transmission of viral infections as demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro experiments with a variety of human pathogenic viruses. No changes in activity or antigenicity of the clotting factors by the pasteurization procedure have been encountered.

Aim . To present a technique for obtaining fibrinogen concentrate purified from ballast proteins, which can be used in hemostatic drug production. Materials and methods. The proposed method is based on isolating fibrinogen from a cryoprecipitate solution by its precipitation with a polyethylene glycol solution followed by virus inactivation by a solvent/detergent. Purification from viral inactivation products and ballast proteins is performed by a two-step processing of the obtained fibrinogen concentrate with glycine solution. Results. The developed laboratory method for isolating fibrinogen has been optimized in terms of main parameters and scaled in pilot production. Conclusion. The presented laboratory technique for fibrinogen extraction is characterized by a high yield of the target product, thus being suitable for the production of hemostatic drugs.


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Question: Crystal structures of a benzoselenazole-derived squarylium cyanine dye and three derivatives substituted at the central squaric ring

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The crystal structures of 4-[(3-hexylbenzoselenazol-3-ium-2-yl)methylidene]-2-[(3-hexyl-3H-benzoselenazol-2-ylidene)methyl]-3-oxocyclobut-1-en-1-olate and its analogues substituted at the squaric ring with O-methyl, NH-methyl and N,N-diethylamino groups have been determined using single crystal X-ray crystallography techniques. The unsubstituted squaraine dye is symmetrical and packs as a stepped ribbon array (via a C–H⋯O close interaction), which is in contrast to the slip-stacked arrangements observed in similar squaraine analogues. Each of the substituted analogues is asymmetric and pack in slightly differing slip-stacked charge-transfer columns. The NH-methyl analogue packs with a single water molecule per squaraine unit.

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The methyltrioxorhenium (MTO)/pyrazole-mediated H2O2 oxidation of octaethylporphyrin and a number of meso-tetraarylporphyrins offers simple and good yielding access to the corresponding N-oxides, only few of which were prepared before. The crystal structure of a free base tetraarylporphyrin N-oxide demonstrates the degree to which the oxygenated pyrrole moiety is slanted with respect to the rest of the otherwise nearly planar macrocycle. The method is also suitable to the preparation of hitherto unknown chlorin N-oxides. Oxidation of meso-tetraphenyldithiaporphyrin and meso-tetraphenyldithiachlorin furnishes the corresponding novel S-oxides. The optical properties of the novel chromophores are described and rationalized.


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Question: Trends analysis of impact factors for nuclear medicine journals

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Despite debate as to its usefulness, the journal impact factor remains the key statistic gleaned from the journal citation report. An analysis of trends in nuclear medicine impact factors is yet to be reported in the literature. Moreover, the relationship between impacts factors and the other indices contained in the journal citation report are complex and seldom considered in interpreting the implication of impact factors in decision making. The 2006 journal citation report showed that nuclear medicine journals have demonstrated a trend towards increased impact factors. The J Nucl Med has continued its dominance as the most highly ranked nuclear medicine journal.

With document information and expert interview, this paper classifies 82 articles on the sport biomechanics published on various sport journals, analyzes the present situation of the research and elaborates briefly the development tendency.