Question: Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract

Question: [Oral cholecystosonography. A method to establish the diagnosis of minute cholesterol calculi].

We have studied five patients with clinical symptoms and/or ultrasonography with sludge-like irregularities, but not conclusive for gallstones. The layering of bile and floating of cholesterol gallstones induced manly by administration of oral cholecystographic contrast, has been well demonstrated since 1933. These 5 patients were given doses of iopanoic acid. The day after we performed other ultrasonography--oral cholecystosonography method. With this second cholecystosonography was demonstrated inside the gallbladder en layer or a line of hyperechogenic little floating spots of cholesterol gallstones.

I recount some clinical "pearls and perils" to help reassess the contributions of abdominal ultrasound, cholangiography, needle biopsy of the liver, and laparoscopy. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrates stones in the gallbladder in approximately 98% of cases, but in only 15% in the common bile duct, whereas computerized tomography scan reveals them in greater than or equal to 50%. On cholangiography a blood clot (in hemobilia) may closely resemble a common duct stone, as may spasm or tumor of the distal duct. Iatrogenic stricture at the junction of the left and right hepatic ducts may be indistinguishable from a Klatskin tumor. Differentiation of extrahepatic from intrahepatic cholestasis is frequently impossible in needle specimens of the liver. Needle biopsy provides the best means of establishing a diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis. Laparoscopy is particularly valuable in the diagnosis of cirrhosis missed in blind biopsy specimens.


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Question: Fibroma, Dermis and Subcutis, Rat

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Fibromas are described as well-circumscribed, firm, grayish-white, dermal or subcutaneous masses with a whorled appearance on cut section. They are usually focal, flat or raised masses and can vary from less than 1 cm to several centimeters in size. Some of the fibromas may become ulcerated and/or infected. They are usually mobile in relation to the epidermis and underlying tissue. Fibromas and fibrosarcomas can occur within the same animal (Bogovski 1979; Greaves and Faccini 1984; Stannard and Pulley 1978; Zackheim 1973).

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Basic Tissues, Epithelial Tissue, Connective Tissue, Muscular Tissue, Nervous Tissue Cardiovascular System, Blood Vessels, Heart Lymphatic Organs, Diffuse Lymphoid Tissue, Lymph Node, Spleen Digestive Organs, Stomach, Small Intestine, Colon, Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas Respiratory System, Nasal Cavity, Trachea, Lungs Urinary System, Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder Endocrine Organs, Pituitary Gland, Pineal Gland, Thyroid Gland, Adrenal (Interrenal) Gland Reproductive Organs, Ovary, Oviduct, Testes Integument, Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Lateral Line Organ Cranial Structures, Overview of Cranial Structures, Oral Cavity, Epiglottis, Esophagus, Nasal Cavity, Brain, Middle and Inner Ear, Eye and Associated Structures.


Question:
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Provided: ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Solving a set of global optimization problems by the parallel technique with uniform convergence'] Match: ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'In this paper, we consider solving a set of global optimization problems in parallel. The proposed novel algorithm provides uniform convergence to the set of solutions for all problems treated simultaneously. The current accuracy for each particular solution is estimated by the difference in each coordinate from the point of global decision. The main statement is given in the corresponding theorem. For the sake of illustration some computational results with hundreds of multidimensional global problems are provided.'] Hard Negative: ['Represent', 'Genetic algorithms (GA) have been widely used in many optimization and system identification problems. Nevertheless, largely because of the stochastic nature, the approach of using GA has been found to be not efficient in fine-tuning in terms of convergence to the optimal solution from its neighborhood. In this study, the GA approach as a global search tool is combined with a local search (LS) method which is developed on the basis of the classical univariate method, so as to expedite the search process by perturbations near the optimal solution. This LS method, herein named the modified univariate method, does not search all the unknown variables of the problem but only a few selected ones. Furthermore, the initial step size of LS is adjusted according to the average efficiency of each LS operator. For comparison, the Solis-and-Wets LS method is also considered. A numerical example of 10-DOF structure is presented to compare the accuracy and efficiency of the various methods considered.']

Question: Comparative Effectiveness of Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide in the Partial Oxidation of Methane on V2O5/SiO2

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It is shown that at relatively low temperatures the rate of oxidation of methane by nitrous oxide over the catalyst V2O5/SiO2 exceeds the rate of oxidation of methane by oxygen, whereas at higher temperatures the opposite relation is observed between the comparative rates of the reactions. This effect is explained on the basis of a heterogeneous chain mechanism for the oxidation of methane.

1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: Methods of UE providing speed information to network

A method of user equipment (UE) providing speed information to network is provided. The method supports obtaining speed information of the UE, detecting a trigger event and providing the speed information to the network by one or more predefined means. The speed information is taken from the group consisting of a physical speed, a physical speed mapped on a pre-defined speed group, and a virtual speed. The virtual speed comprises a cell change count or a number cells that the UE has requested RRC connection during a certain period. The UE can send the speed information to an eNB via RRC connection establishment, RRC connection re-establishment, a new IE in RRC measure report or a new RRC message.

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System and method for specifying Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) control attachment point during the transmission of data in the system (s). Control attachment point, to address the control signals, and user interaction device and from the viewpoint of the control radio communication system (UE) (e.g., to be / transmit supplying authorized for UE, down for the UE / uplink on the of ACKS, represented by anchor cell that represents the control information, such that it / receive to transmit the (CQI)). Cell further, you can engage in backhaul transfer of information between them, and control load, that based on the criteria such as channel quality, dynamic switching / change of anchor point is further implemented can.


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Question: Maternal parenting practices and child behavioral problems: a comparative study

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This study aims to find out the relationship between maternal parenting practices and child behavioral problems. 30 mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD and co-morbid disruptive behavioral problems (ODD, CD) were compared with 30 mothers of normal children. The strength and difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) and Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ) were used to collect data. Analysis using Student's ‘t’ test, and Pearson's Product moment correlation revealed that use of corporal punishment was significantly high by mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD and co-morbid disruptive behavioral problems. Negative parenting practices such as poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline and corporal punishment were found to be significantly positively correlated to child behavioral problems. On the other hand parental involvement showed significant negative correlation with child behavioral problems.

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This article’s aim is to examine correlates of middle school students’ body mass index (BMI). Little research simultaneously has considered both child and parent correlates in predicting child’s BMI; we examine the interrelationships between middle school students and their parent’s risks and protective factors and their impact on the child’s BMI. The study is based on a cross-sectional survey of 161 parent-middle school child pairs living in a large school district in Northwest Arkansas. The analysis finds that while parent BMI is an important correlate of student BMI, other parental risks and even parental protective factors’ impact on student BMI were, in part, minimized by the risk and protective factors of students. Important differences emerged between parent and child correlates of student’s BMI scores. More comprehensive joint assessments of parent and child social contexts and their role in determining weight status seem clearly warranted from this exploratory analysis.


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Question: Corrigendum: p-wave triggered superconductivity in single-layer graphene on an electron-doped oxide superconductor

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Nature Communications 8: Article number: 14024 (2017); Published: 19 January 2017; Updated: 1 March 2017 The present address for U. Sassi is incorrect in this Article. This author does not have a present address. The correct full affiliation details for this author are given below: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.

Quadratic and cubic nonlinear magneto-optical effects are observed in the one-dimensional magneto-photonic microcavities (MC). Magnetization-induced second-harmonic and third-harmonic generations are studied in magneto-photonic MC with microcavity spacer formed from Bi-substituted yttrium-iron garnet.


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Question: COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER-AIDED MANUFACTURING--STATE-OF-THE ART

From the trends over the last 5-10 years, it is obvious that the production of industrial robots, computer aided design (CAD) systems, and flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) will continue to accelerate, whilst the numerical controlled (NC) machine tools, having already passed their peak, will diminish. The author reviews the achievements of the United States, Japan, France in robotics and "mechatronics" and how the new technologies can be used by automobile manufacturers in achieving their aims of fuel economy, comfort, minimum maintenance and safety.

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GLOSSARY.- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.- PREFACE.- CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION.- CHAPTER 2 - FROM MANUSCRIPT TO ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE: BACKGROUND, TECHNOLOGY AND CASE LAWS.- CHAPTER 3 - ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES: LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS AND ACCEPTANCE ISSUES.- CHAPTER 4 - THE ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE TECHNOLOGY: POTENTIAL ISSUES WITH REGARD TO ITS USAGE.- CHAPTER 5 - SECURITY ISSUES DRIVING THE NON-ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES.- CHAPTER 6 - LEGAL UNDERSTANDING AND ISSUES WITH ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES.- CHAPTER 7 - CONCLUSION.- BIBLIOGRAPHY.- APPENDIX A - HOW DOES PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY WORK?.- APPENDIX B - ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE ON A SMART CARD.- APPENDIX C - FINGERPRINT: THE BEST FORM OF BIOMETRIC.


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Question: Improving device efficiencies of solid-state white light-emitting electrochemical cells by adjusting the emissive-layer thickness

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Abstract Exciton quenching in the recombination zone close to electrochemically doped regions would be one of the bottlenecks for improving device efficiencies of solid-state white light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). To further enhance device efficiencies of white LECs for practical applications, we adjust the emissive-layer thickness to reduce exciton quenching. In white LECs with properly thickened emissive-layer thickness, the recombination zone can be situated near the center of the emissive layer, rendering mitigated exciton quenching and thus enhanced device efficiencies. High external quantum efficiencies and power efficiencies of optimized devices reach ca. 11% and 20 lm/W, respectively, which are among the highest reported for white LECs. These results confirm that tailoring the thickness of the emissive layer to avoid exciton quenching would be a feasible approach to improve device efficiencies of white LECs.

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Provided: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'We give details of a sporadic case with congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis associated with critical stenosis of the left carotid artery, and severe stenosis of the innominate artery at their origins as well as excessive dilatations of both the right and the left coronary arteries.']" Match: "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Diffuse Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis with Multiple Stenoses of the Branches of Arcus Aorta in a Child']"

Large-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube arrays with an outer diameter of approximately 500 nm have been successfully synthesized by potentiostatic anodization at 180 V in a used electrolyte with the addition of 1.5 M lactic acid. It is found that the synthesized large-diameter TiO2 nanotube array shows a superior light scattering ability, which can be used as a light scattering layer to significantly enhance the efficiency of TiO2 nanoparticle-based dye-sensitized solar cells from 5.18% to 6.15%. The remarkable light scattering ability makes the large-diameter TiO2 nanotube array a promising candidate for light management in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).


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Question: Diesel-electric synchronous motor ship drives — Propulsion control problems

Although the many obvious advantages of ship propulsion drives with synchronous motors and generators, and with power supplied by Diesel engines, have been realized for some time, no actual installations were made in this country until a few years ago when a trial installation was completed on a 12,000 horsepower twin-screw vessel. Experience gained from operation of this vessel has established that this type of drive in many respects is superior to other drives, and indications are that it may find extensive use on future vessels. The paper discusses control problems associated with the drive and describes methods of control and types of control equipment which have been found best suited for the drive.

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Basic electric schemes and installations for testing machines of a direct current are considered.


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Question: Magnetic and Microstructure of Triple C/Co73Cr22Ta5/Ti for Perpendicular Media

The magnetic properties and microstructure of triple C/CoCrTa/Ti perpendicular recording films have been studied. Magnetic measurements show that the optimal thickness of Ti underlayer is 40 nm and that of CoCrTa is 35 nm. The optimal value of substrate temperature is found to be 400°C. A suitable Ti underlayer causes a magnetic layer to have a near-perfect hcp texture, with Co grains in the (002) preferred orientation. The film with needle-like grains is more suitable for perpendicular recording films.

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Abstract : Contents: Epitaxial Growth and Electro-Optical Properties of Metal GaAs superlattices, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility and Thermoelectric Power of PtGa(2), Electronic structure study of the Pt-Ga intermetallic thin films on GaAs (100) using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Growth of CoGa on GaAs by MBE-Determination of epitaxial phases and orientations, Internal Photoemission in CoGa/GaAs Schottky Barriers, Possible Injection of Electrons into the L Valley, Chemistry of Metal/ Compound-Semiconductor Interfaces, Phase Stability Versus The Lattice Mismatch of (100)Co1-xGa(x) Thin Films on (100)GaAs, Electrical resistivity of ultrathin, epitaxial CoGa on GaAs, and Growth and Annealing of Co(1-x)Ga(x) Thin Films on GaAs (100).


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Question: Porous Platinum Electrodes Fabricated by Cyclic Electrodeposition of PtCu Alloy: Application to Implantable Glucose Fuel Cells

We demonstrate the application of cyclic electrodeposition of PtCu alloy to fabricate porous platinum electrodes for implantable glucose fuel cells. Depending on the number of deposition cycles, electrodes with controllable specific surface area can be fabricated, their roughness factors ranging from 20 (slightly roughened) to 3100 (highly porous). Adjusting the specific surface area of the electrode from low to high determines whether it functions as cathode or anode, respectively. Compared to state of the art, this process is beneficial due to shorter fabrication times, lower temperatures, and the requirement of only one process for the fabrication of both electrodes. Correspondingly fabricated glucose fuel cells showed a power density of 5.1 μW cm–2 under close to physiological conditions, which is an improvement by 16% compared to earlier designs. During continuous operation over 90 days the fuel cell showed a mean continuous decay of about 0.8% per day, which is related to catalyst poisoning at the a...


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Question: Electroacoustical research and acoustical calibrations at INMS

INMS has the responsibility over a wide spectrum of Primary Standards that are maintained in Canada, and has a leadership role in national and international standards activities. The Institute also provides calibration services that are traceable to the Primary Standards. The aim is to present a concise picture on the current research on electroacoustics and the calibration and standards activities within INMS. The Acoustical Standards Group which is one of the ten groups in INMS, is responsible for the maintenance of the Primary Acoustical Standards and has been given a new mandate to develop Ultrasound Standards

The use of the Handbook on the Expression of Indeterminateness in Measurements in the solution of measurement problems involved in calibration of measuring instruments.


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Question: An unusual mass of nasal cavity: recurrent glomangiopericytoma.

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Hemangiopericytomas are rare tumors of sinonasal region. In this article, we described a case of recurrent mass in right nasal cavity which presented with nasal obstruction and intermittent epistaxis. Patient had a surgical history on the same nasal region without any histopathological document. Abnormal bleeding was observed during surgery and mass was partially removed for histopathological investigation. The result was glomangiopericytoma of the sinonasal region. Although extended surgery was recommended to the patient including preoperative and perioperative measures for bleeding problem, patient preferred to follow-up rather than removal. The clinical progress and review of glomangiopericytoma have also been discussed.

Introduction ::: We present a rare case of thoracic vertebral osteomyelitis secondary to pulmonary Blastomyces dermatitides.


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Question: The effects of phencyclidine on ethanol and sodium hexobarbital in mice.

Abstract Phencyclidine (PCP) is a veterinary anesthetic which acts as a psychotomimetic in man. This study determined the effects of PCP on ethanol and hexobarbital sleep times in mice. The disappearance of PCP was also examined utilizing whole mouse homogenates as well as select tissues. Male albino mice were injected with saline alone or 3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 mg/kg of PCP plus sodium hexobarbital (100 mg/kg) or ethanol (4 g/kg) administered simultaneously or delayed 30 min. Loss-of-righting reflex (sleep time) was measured and a regression line was fitted to the data. In both cases, regression analysis indicated the existence of a clear dose-response relationship. In the disappearance study, mice were injected with 25 mg/kg of PCP and their body tissues were homogenized at intervals ranging from 0 to 160 min. The half-life of the alpha phase was 8 min, and the beta phase, 48 min. Disappearance studies in the lung, liver, and brain indicated higher PCP concentrations in the liver and lung than in the brain.

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Depressive behavioral effects of acetylcholine (10 mug ivtr) and physostigmine (0.3 mg/kg ip), and prolongation of the duration of electrogenic seizures produced by the drugs were prevented by intraperitoneal or intraventricular administration of FDP (0.5 mg/kg or 5 mug resp.). The peptides did not affect the brain acetylcholine level and did not influence the inhibitory effect of physostygmine on AChE activity.


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Question: The Experimental Study on Forced Circulation Solar Hot Water Supply

A solar assisted heat pump system for heating in winter and supplying hot water in other season was set up in Qingdao.The experimental study was conducted for solar hot water supply.The average heat output is respectively 2.82kWh/m~2 in spring,2.73kWh/m~2 in summer and 3.13kWh/m~2 in autumn.The hot water output is respectively 75.3L/m~2·d in spring,56.5L/m~2·d in summer and 81.2L/m~2·d in autumn if the temperature difference is 28℃.

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Combined Congestion Control and Link Selection Strategies for Delay Tolerant Interplanetary Networks

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In view of the dense and complex space network topologies envisioned for the future, the management of congestion control is a prominent issue that deserves a particular attention. Given the challenging peculiarities of interplanetary environments, this paper focuses on the advantages offered by storage-based routing and on potentials of implementing Random Early Detection (RED) and Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) mechanisms within the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture. In this light, solutions relying upon the aforementioned concepts have been designed and tested. Preliminary results show that combination of RED and ECN schemes with network-selection strategies for storage-based routing is really promising and outperforms other solutions in terms of reliability, network resource utilisation and power consumption.

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List of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Transmission Line Theory. 3. Evaluating the Transient Response of Linear Networks. 4. Mosfet Current-Voltage Characteristics. 5. Figures of Merit to Characterize the Importance of on-Chip Inductance in Single Lines. 6. Effects of Inductance on the Propagation Delay and Repeater Insertion Process in RLC Lines. 7. Equivalent Elmore Delay for RLC Trees. 8. Characterizing Inductance Effects in RLC Trees. 9. Repeater Insertion in Tree Structured Inductive Interconnect. 10. Dynamic and Short-Circuit Power of CMOS Gates Driving Lossless Transmission Lines. 11. Exploiting On-Chip Inductance in High Speed Clock Distribution Networks. 12. Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of the Transient Response in RLC Circuits: The DTT Method. 13. On the Extraction of On-Chip Inductance. 14. Conclusions. Bibliography. Appendices. Index. About the Authors.


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Question: Fieldwork among the Goemai in Nigeria: discovering the grammar of property expressions

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Abstract This paper describes fieldwork experiences among the Goemai of Central Nigeria. It first introduces the fieldwork setting, and then focuses on one illustrative example: the investigation of property-denoting (‘adjectival’) expressions. The paper describes the different methods employed, compares them, and evaluates their results. It shows some advantages and disadvantages, and – on this basis – advocates using a combination of methods in order to benefit from each method's advantages while counterbalancing its disadvantages. In particular, the paper argues in favour of a semantics-based approach to fieldwork, illustrating the invaluable insights to be gained from it.

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The Confucian Sacrificial Ceremony, the Choctaw ball game, and the drum history of the Dagbamba, are some of the topics addressed in this collection of essays, which consider the intersection and interconnection of musics and religions in different world cultures.


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Question: The Internet and Graduate Student Recruiting in Family Science

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Abstract Despite an increased emphasis on graduate student recruiting in recent years, few studies have been conducted to guide recruiting efforts in family science. The Internet has emerged as an important recruiting tool, yet there is no literature directed toward maximizing the appeal and utility of department websites for prospective graduate students. The current pilot study addresses this need by (1) identifying the information potential graduate students want to find on a department website and (2) determining the extent to which current family science department websites meet those expectations. The findings indicate that, according to potential graduate students, the most important aspect of a website is its user-friendliness, and that the most important content areas on a department's website are descriptions of the programs of study offered and a list of the courses offered by the department. Based on these and other characteristics, 31 family science department websites were evaluated by parti...

Contents: The Information Society - The Digital Divide - The Digital Practice Perspective - The Digital Practice of Weak Tie Development - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Family Ties via Mobile Phone - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Digital Enclaves - The Digital Practice Perspective and Social Policy: Improving the Social, Cultural, and Civic Quality of the Digital Environment - Conclusion: Smart Mobs, Flash Mobs, Flash Robs and the Revolutionary Potential of the Digital Environment.


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Question: The light emitting device and method for manufacturing a light emitting device

The light emitting device 100, consisting of a light emitting chip 110, the light having a first wavelength emitted and converted with at least one conversion layer 130, the light of the first wavelength into light having at least a second wavelength, characterized in that a homogenizing element 150 between the light emitting chip 110 and the conversion layer 130 is provided, wherein a surface of Homogenisierungselements 150 adjacent to the light-emitting chip 110 and at least one other surface of the Homogenisierungselements 150 adjacent to the conversion layer 130th A process for producing a light emitting device 100th

PURPOSE: A streetlight using an LED is provided to extend the lifespan of an LED by compensating the variation of an output voltage and brightness of the LED according to temperature change. CONSTITUTION: A streetlight pole(200) is fixed to one side of a road. A streetlight head(100) is arranged on the upper side of the streetlight pole. The streetlight head includes an upper case and a plurality of LED boards. The plurality of LED broads is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The plurality of LED boards is arranged with a preset angel to uniformly distribute the light emitted from the LED. The LED driver compensates the variation of the output voltage and brightness of the LED according to temperature change.


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Question: Development of drugs to modify the actions of melatonin.

One of the best documented effects of melatonin in mammals is its antigonadotrophic effect. Melatonin has been shown to inhibit LH release and ovulation in rats and we chose this model to investigate the effects of new melatonin analogs. The analogs studied include 6-chloromelatonin, 6-fluoromelatonin, and 2-methyl-6,7-dichloromelatonin. All derivatives were more potent than melatonin and appeared to act on the brain and not on the pituitary to inhibit LH release. An exceptionally long duration of activity was found for 2-methyl-6,7-dichloromelatonin. The greatly increased stability of this derivative may provide a valuable tool in search for the role(s) of melatonin in mammals.

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Metastasis promoted by macrophages may be assisted by the sympathetic nervous system and thus blocked by drugs that antagonize adrenergic signaling.


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Question: Operational methods for improving manufacturing control plans: case study in a semiconductor industry

This study presents operational methods which improves tools control plan. To face challenges linked with quality, cost, cycle time, development and environment, semiconductors industries set classical process control methods. However many interactions between product-processes and tools are not exploited in practice for fine tuning controls operations and detecting premises of non conformities occurrences.

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Most managers know that process-risk mapping is essential in enterprise design so as to obtain better understanding and management practices. Organizations need an effective and robust process of management that is less sensitive to changes in the business environment. The main purpose of this paper is the integration of process mapping and risk mapping, with a case study applied in an Algerian company in the oil and gas industry.


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Question: Higher genus string corrections to gauge couplings

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Abstract Dependence of the gauge couplings on the moduli of the compactified space is studied for orbifold compactifications of the heterotic superstring. It is shown that such a dependence is possible only for theories with sectors preserving N = 2 spacetime supersymmetry, and it satisfies a non-renormalization theorem. Namely, it is given entirely at the one-loop level and is determined by the violation of the integrability of the θ-angle with respect to the moduli.

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Abstract By a direct calculation it is shown that at the three-loop level the regularization by dimensional reduction of Avdeev, Chochia and Vladimirov breaks supersymmetry relations between couplings in the N = 1, 2, 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories written in terms of component fields. This is a strong limitation to the scope of the regularization.


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Question: A Method of Sign Language Recognition Based on Multiresolution Multilayer-Classifier

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A method of sign language recognition based on multiresolution multilayer-classifier is proposed in this pa- per. For the input from data gloves, firstly features are selected using multiresolution theory, then low-resolution recognition with those selected features is made, at last high-resolution recognition with all the data is executed. The result of experiments shows that the recognizing average speed is 0.6 second faster than the traditional HMM recogni- tion process, and the recognizing ratio has been enhanced by 6.73%.

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A. Filippidis, M. Russo, L.C. Jain: Novel Extension of ART2 in Surface Landmine Detection.- M. Blume: An Efficient Mapping of Fuzzy ART onto a Neural Architecture.- M. Blume, D.A. Van Blerkom: Fuzzy ARTMAP Modifications for Intersecting Class Distributions.- A.-H. Tan: Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory and Rules.- G. Bartfai, R. White: Incremental Learning and Optimization of Hierarchical Clusterings with ART-Based Modular Networks.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part I - Architectures and Algorithms.- C.P. Lim, R.F. Harrison: ART-Based Autonomous Learning Systems: Part II - Applications.- T. Serrano-Gotarredona, B. Linares-Barranco: Adaptive Resonance Theory Microchips.


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Question: Dust Properties in the FUV in Ophiuchus

We have derived the albedo ($a$) and phase function asymmetry factor ($g$) of interstellar dust grains at 1100 \AA ~ using archival {\it Voyager} observations of diffuse radiation in Ophiuchus. We have found that the grains are highly forward scattering with $g =$ 0.55 $\pm$ 0.25 and $a =$ 0.40 $\pm$ 0.10. Even though most of the gas in this direction is in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, the diffuse FUV radiation is almost entirely due to scattering in a relatively thin foreground cloud. This suggests that one cannot assume that the UV background is directly correlated with the total amount of gas in any direction.

Abstract : Reprint: Electrical Potential Patterns Deduced for the SUNDIAL period of 23-26 September 1986.


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Question: THE FORM AND THREE-INSTANTANEOUS INFORMATION OF THE SEISMIC REFLECTION MOHO IN SONGLIAO BASIN AND GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION

The development of studies on Moho using near-vertical seismic reflection in recent years is introduced. We processed and interpreted 1300km-length near-vertical seismic reflection data, and obtained some characteristics of Moho depth in Songliao basin. An important characteristic is a 32km-depth fathom line along Yian-Daqing-East Daan. On the west of the fathom line the depth of Moho is bigger than the east side. We pick up the instantaneous information of Moho phase in typical segment of the profile. The results indicate that the three-instantaneous information can improve the interpretation on characteristics of Moho using the original section. We discuss the problems on the mechanism of formation of Moho and the relation between Moho and the basin.

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: `Not in Our Name'? On Responsibility and Its Disavowal

Taking as a starting point the banner that came to prominence with the protests against the invasion of Iraq, this article explores the ways in which legal institutions and categories organize the responsibility, and irresponsibility, of its citizens. It does so by providing a variety of perspectives of the relation between state and citizen, and by paying particular attention to how the categorization of responsibility in legal, economic and political terms manages issues of responsibility and its disavowal.

Part 1: Imperial Constructions and Deconstructions 1. Imperial Burdens: Constructing and Contesting the U.S. Empire 2. Fortress America Redux: Breaking Down Imperial and Civic Enclosures 3. Afflicted Solidarities: Contradictions in Local and Global Citizens Movements Part 2: Whose Globalization? 4. U.S. Military Imperialism and the Pursuit of Global Dominance 5. U.S. Economic Imperialism and Global Inequities 6. U.S. Cultural Imperialism and Global Dissonance Part 3: Other Publics, Other Worlds 7. Transnational Counterpublics and the Globalization of Resistance 8. Is Another World Possible? Conclusion: It's the End of the World as We Know It


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Question: Medical tourism services and medical tourism destinations in Central and Eastern Europe - the opinion of Britons and Germans

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to identify preferred Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) medical tourism destinations (MTD) and medical services in the context of socio-demographic determinants. The...

This paper explores the respective rules of behaviour of international tourists from China, France and the USA and Vietnamese service providers. The...


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'['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Can Confidence Come Too Soon? Collective Efficacy, Conflict and Group Performance over Time.']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', "Groups with a strong sense of collective efficacy set more challenging goals, persist in the face of difficulty, and are ultimately more likely to succeed than groups who do not share this belief. Given the many advantages that may accrue to groups who are confident, it would be logical to advise groups to build a high level of collective efficacy as early as possible. However, we draw on Whyte's (1998) theory of collective efficacy and groupthink, to predict that when confidence emerges at a high level toward the beginning of a group's existence, group members may be less likely to engage in process conflict; a form of conflict that may be beneficial in the early phase of a group project. We found support for this prediction in two longitudinal studies of classroom project teams."]' != '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Introduction: Women and Men in Policing The Status Model of Gender Stereotyping Status Characteristics Theory and the Gender-Stereotyped Personality Traits Description of the Study: The Sample of Police Partners and Measures Status and Personality: The Dominating, Instrumental, and Expressive Traits Coping with Low Status: The Verbal-Aggressive and Submissive Traits Police Officers Who Violate Gender Norms: The Bipolar Traits Self-Esteem: The Impact of Status and Personality Traits The Patterning of Traits within Individual Personality Status, Gender, and Personality: Towards an Integrated Theory Implications for Policing Appendix Notes References Index']'

Question: Mechanical effects of water flow on fish eggs and larvae

The impact of mechanical stresses upon ichthyoplankton entrained in power plant cooling systems has long been considered negligible. Arguments and evidence exist, however, to show that such a supposition is not universally true, especially in nuclear power plants. The mechanisms of mechanical damage can be detailed in terms of pressure change, acceleration, and shear stress with in the fluid flow field. Laboratory efforts to quantify the effects of mechanical stress have been very sparse. A well-planned ::: bioassay is urgently needed. (PDF has 11 pages.)

After autotomy, fiddler crabs ( Uca pugilator and U. pugnax) were placed in magnetic fields (in the 100 Oersted range) produced by ceramic plate magnets in such a way that some crabs were in proximity to the N pole, and others to the S pole. Control crabs were several feet away from the magnets. Regardless of the number of limbs autotomized, direction of the field, species, or salinity of the water, crabs in proximity to the S pole regenerated and molted sooner than con trols, and those by the N pole were delayed in relation to controls. Factors such as magnetic effects on enzymatic reactions and ionic flux, orientation of animals within the magnetic field, and production of electric currents in the limb stumps may be involved in these effects. The opposite responses to N and S poles may be due to the opposite direction of the gradient vector. Regeneration of juvenile crabs, and of adult crabs during the summer months, was not significantly affected by the magnetic fields.


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Question: Influence of the patch pipette glass on single acetylcholine channels recorded from Xenopus myocytes

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Provided: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'ABSTRACTAlaska’s North Slope region has been seen as an exception to the resource curse. Observers of the first 20 years of oil development have viewed its effects as positive for the local Indigenous communities. Yet the recent decline of North Slope oil production and the collapse of oil prices threaten the local government’s major revenue source. Taking a long-term perspective, this article asks if the strategic choices made by North Slope institutions provide some hope of avoiding the resource curse.']" Match: "['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'An Arctic development strategy? The North Slope Inupiat and the resource curse']"

The type of glass used to fabricate patch pipettes influences the kinetic properties of single-channel currents activated by acetylcholine in Xenopus myocytes. In patches formed with hard glass pipettes, the opening rate decreased in a time-dependent manner. Such decrease was most pronounced for the low-conductance channel. In addition, longer-duration events of this form of channel dropped out faster than shorter-duration events and, as a consequence, the apparent channel open time became shorter during the recording period. These effects were not observed in patches formed with soft glass pipettes.

The method usually applied for recording the electrical activity of single nerve fiber is extracellular recording on isolated single nerve fiber. It is difficult to obtain stable and satisfactory results from direct intracellular recording of single nerve fiber, except for some special biological materials, such as Loligo giant axon. We present in this paper a technique for recording intracellular resting membrane potential and action potential from single nerve fiber both in vitro and in situ, using glass microelectrode and a special mirror-base plate for fixing the preparation. Besides, we also report a method for labelling single nerve fiber by means of injection of HRP into the axon.


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Question: The cross-spectrum experimental method

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The noise of a device under test (DUT) is measured simultaneously with two instruments, each of which contributes its own background. The average cross power spectral density converges to the DUT power spectral density. This method enables the extraction of the DUT noise spectrum, even if it is significantly lower than the background. After a snapshot on practical experiments, we go through the statistical theory and the choice of the estimator. A few experimental techniques are described, with reference to phase noise and amplitude noise in RF/microwave systems and in photonic systems. The set of applications of this method is wide. The final section gives a short panorama on radioastronomy, radiometry, quantum optics, thermometry (fundamental and applied), semiconductor technology, metallurgy, etc. This report is intended as a tutorial, as opposed to a report on advanced research, yet addressed to a broad readership: technicians, practitioners, Ph.D. students, academics, and full-time scientists.

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Provided: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Asymmetric multi-core architectures integrating cores with diverse power-performance characteristics is emerging as a promising alternative in the dark silicon era where only a fraction of the cores on chip can be powered on due to thermal limits. We introduce a hierarchical power management framework for asymmetric multi-cores that builds on control theory and coordinates multiple controllers in a synergistic manner to achieve optimal power-performance efficiency while respecting the thermal design power budget. We integrate our framework within Linux and implement/evaluate it on real ARM big.LITTLE asymmetric multi-core platform.']" Match: "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract:', 'Hierarchical power management for asymmetric multi-core in dark silicon era']"

This article briefly introduced the characteristic modelling concept, based on the network characteristic modelling concept, the development condition.


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Question: A Call Admission Control for Multimedia Service in Wireless Mobile ATM Networks

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An efficient call admission control scheme for multimedia service in wireless ATM networks is proposed in this paper. Quality-of-service provisioning of jitter bounds for constant bit rate traffic and delay bounds for variable bit rate traffic is used in the CAC scheme to guarantee predefined QoS levels for all traffic classes. To reduce the forced handoff call dropping priority than new calls by reserving an appropriate amount of resource for potential handoff calls. Resource reservation in the CAC scheme makes use of user mobility information to ensure efficient resource utilization. It is evident that the proposed CAC scheme can obtain lower dropping of calls and higher resource utilization .

Shared-Path Protection for Resource Efficiency.- Sub-Path Protection for Scalability and Fast Recovery.- Segment Protection for Bandwidth Efficiency and Differentiated Quality of Protection.- Survivable Traffic Grooming-Dedicated Protection.- Survivable Traffic Grooming-Shared Protection.- Survivable Virtual Concatenation for Data Over Sonet/Sdh.


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Question: Applications of Low Pressure Plasma in High-tech Textiles

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Introduction The textile and clothing industries especially in developed countries are facing now-a-days some big challenges largely because of the globalization process. Therefore, the market of a high-functional, added value and technical textiles is deemed to be essential for their sustainable growth. The growing environmental and energy-saving concerns will also lead to the gradual replacement of many traditional wet chemical-based textile processing by various forms of low liquor and dry-finishing processes. The main reason for the increasing interest is that industrially well-established surface finishing processes suffer considerably from environmental demands such as large amount of water, energy and effluents. Plasma technology, when developed at a commercially viable level, has strong potential to offer in an attractive way to obtain new functionalities in textiles.

Overview of the OMVPE Process. Thermodynamics. Physical Processes Occurring on the Surface. Source Molecules. Kinetics. Hydrodynamics and Mass Transport. Design of the OMVPE Process. Specific Materials. Superlattice Structures. Devices.


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Question: PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3‐Based Reflectors with Tunable Peak Wavelengths

Based on the phase separation, a series of quasiperiodic PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3 (PZT) multilayers consisting of the ordered alignment of the dense PZT and porous PZT layers have been grown using one single precursor. The multilayers exhibit good performance as a dielectric mirror, and the position of the reflection maximum can be easily tuned over the whole visible range through varying the spinning rate. More than 86% optical reflectivity and less than 19 nm photonic stop-band width have been achieved at room temperature. The quasiperiodic PZT multilayers can be used as dielectric reflectors, interference filters, and optical cavities.

Abstract : Contents: Epitaxial Growth and Electro-Optical Properties of Metal GaAs superlattices, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility and Thermoelectric Power of PtGa(2), Electronic structure study of the Pt-Ga intermetallic thin films on GaAs (100) using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Growth of CoGa on GaAs by MBE-Determination of epitaxial phases and orientations, Internal Photoemission in CoGa/GaAs Schottky Barriers, Possible Injection of Electrons into the L Valley, Chemistry of Metal/ Compound-Semiconductor Interfaces, Phase Stability Versus The Lattice Mismatch of (100)Co1-xGa(x) Thin Films on (100)GaAs, Electrical resistivity of ultrathin, epitaxial CoGa on GaAs, and Growth and Annealing of Co(1-x)Ga(x) Thin Films on GaAs (100).


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Question: Current Situation and Problems of Production of Degradable Plastics in China

It is put forward that two important factors,production cost and product degradability,must be considered in development and application of degradable plastics through analysis of degradable plastics and their degradability produced from several production plants.

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Outlook of Agricultural Development to 2050 and the Demand for Science and Technology.- Roadmap and Goals of Agricultural Science and Technology in China.- Roadmap of Plant Germplasm Resources and Modern Plant Breeding Science and Technology Development.- Roadmap of Animal Germplasm Resources and Modern Breeding Science and Technology Development.- Roadmap of Resource Saving Agricultural Science and Technology Development.- Roadmap of Agricultural Production and Food Safety Science and Technology Development.- Roadmap of Agricultural Modernization and Intelligentization Science and Technology Development.- The Institutions and Policy Support for Agricultural Science and Technology Development in the Future.


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Question: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), secreted by bone marrow endothelial cells, induces chemoattraction of 5T multiple myeloma cells

Homing of multiple myeloma (MM) cells to the bone marrow (BM) requires transendothelial migration. In the present work we tested whether monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and CCR2, the high affinity receptor for MCP-1, are involved in this process. Murine 5T2 and 5T33MM cell lines were selected as source of MM cells and STR4, 10 and 12 of BM endothelial cells (BMEC). RT-PCR demonstrated transcripts for MCP-1 in BMEC and ELISA the presence of MCP-1 protein in culture medium. RNase protection assay showed mRNA expression for CCR2, and FACS analysis the presence of CCR2 protein on the MM cells. EC conditioned medium induced chemoattraction of MM cells, a phenomenon inhibited by anti-MCP-1 antibodies. In conclusion, MM cells express CCR2 and are attracted by MCP-1 secreted by BMEC. We suggest that local MCP-1 production by BMEC is one of the mechanisms involved in homing of myeloma cells to the BM.

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Defensins contribute to host defense by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of microorganisms. This report shows that human beta-defensins are also chemotactic for immature dendritic cells and memory T cells. Human beta-defensin was selectively chemotactic for cells stably transfected to express human CCR6, a chemokine receptor preferentially expressed by immature dendritic cells and memory T cells. The beta-defensin-induced chemotaxis was sensitive to pertussis toxin and inhibited by antibodies to CCR6. The binding of iodinated LARC, the chemokine ligand for CCR6, to CCR6-transfected cells was competitively displaced by beta-defensin. Thus, beta-defensins may promote adaptive immune responses by recruiting dendritic and T cells to the site of microbial invasion through interaction with CCR6.


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Question: Processing technology of preserved multi-flavored salt meat

The invention discloses a processing technology of preserved multi-flavored salt meat, and provides a preparation technology of preserved meat free from smoke curing. According to the technology, firstly high quality pork is cut into slices; after being marinated through salt, the pork is laid in a tile pork pot layer by layer to be sealed; the pork is cleaned twice through hot water and normal temperature water after being taken out of the pot, and then secondary preserving is performed; after preserved pork strips are hung to be dried, the pork strips are fed into an oven to be subjected to three-section roasting; the pork strips are taken out of the oven and then subjected to natural withering, so that the preserved multi-flavored salt meat is obtained. The preserved meat prepared through the technology has good taste, the surface of the meat is clean and sanitary, the storage duration is long, the production process is not limited by seasons, and scale production can be realized.

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Xijiu shelf fermented starter has formed its unique technical characteristics through years of innovation and experience summary such as solid fermentation,starter-making by no use of straw,semolina,heavy moisture content,high temperature on the top,long fermentation period,and stacking storage etc.The produced shelf fermented starter has the properties of both high temperature Daqu and medium temperature Daqu in-cluding much microbe on surface,thin skin,bubbles in caky starter,high proportioning of red and yellow core starter,rich enzyme species,pure and mellow starter aroma,and harmonious saccharifying and fermenting and aroma-producing functions.(Tran.by YUE Yang)


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Question: An apparatus and method for removing sulfur oxide from combustion gases

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METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SULFUR DIOXIDE GAS BURNING TO FORM NASO AND TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF NASO HEAT EXCHANGERS 16, 18, 20, 22, IN WHICH COMPOUND SODIUM IS INJECTED IN THE HOT BURNING GAS FORMING THE NASO LIQUID IN REACTION GAS-GAS AND GAS OBTAINED CONTAINING NASO IS COOL bELOW APPROXIMATELY 1150K FOR FORMING PARTICLE NASO BEFORE YOU COME IN CONTACT WITH AT LEAST ONE EXCHANGER HEAT 16, 18, 20, 22, COOLING IS MADE OF rECYCLING GAS BURNING ZONE COOL 30 DOWNSTREAM OF THE INTRODUCTION OF GAS COOLING.

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Reactive solid powder composition for the purification of a nitric oxide containing gas. The composition comprises a mixture consisting of at least one solid peroxidized compound and at least one alkaline metal salt chosen from the alkaline metal carbonates, the alkaline metal bicarbonates and alkaline metal carbonate and alkaline metal bicarbonate solid solutions. The invention also concerns a method for cleaning nitric oxide containing gas, where a composition such as that defined above is injected into the gas which is then subjected to a dedusting stage.


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Question: Relative Contributions of Envelope Maxima and Minima to Comodulation Masking Release

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Comodulation masking release (CMR) is a phenomenon that demonstrates the sensitivity of the auditory system to across-frequency differences in the temporal modulation pattern of a complex waveform. In this paper, we review briefly some of the data on the physical parameters that affect CMR and describe models that have been proposed to account for CMR –- namely, models based upon envelope equalization/cancellation, across-frequency envelope correlation, and “dip listening”. The present literature is ambiguous with regard to the relative importance of energy in the peak and dip regions of the waveform envelope. We therefore performed a series of experiments to investigate this issue. In the first experiment, we examined CMR for signals that resulted either in a uniform increment or in uniform decrement in the masking noise centred on the signal frequency. This was accomplished by using a 20-Hz-wide noise band centred on 700 Hz as both the masker and as the signal, adjusting the phase angle between the sign...

Abstract : Contents: Routing and Acknowledgement Schemes for the Packet Radio System; System Capacity and Data Rate Considerations; Radio frequency Channel Capacity Considerations; Measurement Program for Packet Radio Channel Characterization; Dynamically Allocated Multiple-Channel Network Concept; Notes on Radar Test; Modulation Waveform Types; Synchronization Preambles; Impact of Channet Options on Repeater Design; Power Budget Analysis; Powers Sources for Repeaters and Terminals; Criteria of Code Selection in Minimum Shift Keyer Sense; and Microprocessor Components.


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Question: Investigation of stress fields occurred in the block caving process at a diasporite deposit in Western Turkey

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The modeling with the finite element method was employed to study the block caving process for mining the Milas diasporite deposit in Western Turkey. The stress distribution in the vicinity of production and haulage levels is evaluated applying an elasto-plastic rock mass model.

This paper summarizes results obtained in the identification of sandy geobodies that have potential gas accumulations in an area of Burgos Basin.


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Question: Clinical Study on Treatment of Vitrious Hemorrhage with Intergrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Objective:To observe the effect of intergrative jia wei tao hong si wu decoction and western medicine on vitrous hemorrhage.Methods:One hundred and twenty patients with vitrous hemorrhage were randomly divided into two groups.The treated group(n=80)received tao hong si wu decoction two times a day and western medicine.The control group received western medicine three times a day.The therapeutic course for both groups was 1 months.Changes of clinical symptoms visual and absorbtion of vitrous hemorrhage in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Results:The efficacy of treatment in the two groups showed significant difference,in the two groups,clinical symptoms,visual sight and absorbtion of vitrous hemorrhage were all improved after treatment.But the efficacy in the treated group is 97.5%,the control group is 70%(P0.05).Conclusion:Intergrative jia wei tao hong si wu decoction and western medicine is effective in treating vitrous hemorrhage

Introduction: Acupuncturein Context. History and TCM. Neuroanatomy, Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology. Applied Physiology. Methods of Acupuncture. Trigger Point Acupuncture. Segmental Acupuncture. Periosteal Acupuncture. Neuropathic Pain. Acupuncture for Rheumatological Problems. Acupuncture in a Pain Clinic. Acupuncture Through the Systems. Electroacupuncture and Acupuncture Analgesia/ Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. Laser Therapy. Acupuncture for the Withdrawal of Habituating Substances. Acupuncture for Nausea and Vomiting. Side Effects and Complications. Acupuncture in Clinical Research Methodology. The Future


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Question: On Evaluation System for the Teaching Quality of Teachers

Based on evaluation systems of teaching quality in some colleges and universities,this paper analyzes the ubiquitous problems at present in the work of teaching evaluation,and analyzes the problems in the student-centered teaching evaluation and the causes.It put forward corresponding measures and methods to improve the work such as to change and perfect the evaluation system continuously,to improve the system of teaching evaluation by auditing the class,to strengthen the building of feedback mechanism and so on,aimed to mobilize the teacher's initiative,to bring forward and improve their quality of teaching.

Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Spirit!? : Investigating the Entrepreneurship Discourse in Newspapers over Time


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Question: B15. Tri-band slotted bow-tie antenna design for RFID reader using hybrid CFO-NM algorithm

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In this article, a dual bow-tie slot antenna for 915/2450/5800 MHz triple band RFID applications is presented. The size of the proposed antenna is determined by the middle resonant frequency. The lower and upper operating frequencies are obtained by inserting metal strip pairs near the ends of the slotted dual bow-tie without increasing the overall antenna area. The hybrid approach involving Central Force Optimization and Nelder-Mead (CFO-NM) algorithm is considered to optimize the antenna dimensions. The CFO-NM algorithm program was implemented using MATLAB-software which linked to the CST Microwave studio software to simulate the antenna. In addition the optimized antenna is simulated by the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method to validate the results.

Introducing the signal flow progress of local oscillation frequency micro-regulation through AFT square-frame diagram.Combining AFT circuit in T7607AP to analyze the work principle of automatic local oscillation frequency micro-regulation.


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Question: Joint ICE North West and British Dam Society evening meeting: flood detention reservoirs

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On 20 November 2008 a joint meeting of the Institution of Civil Engineers' North West region and the British Dam Society (BDS) was held at the University of Manchester on the subject of flood detention reservoirs.

This paper contains a report on the subject of Theme 1 of the International Symposium on “Engineering Geological problems in hydrotechnical construction”.


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Question: Exploitation of the Memory Hierarchy in Relational DBMSs

The exploitation of locality has proven to be paramount for getting the most out of today’s computers. Both data and instruction locality can be exploited from different perspectives, including hardware, base software and software design.

Part 1: Application Mapping and Communication Infrastructure: Virtualization in NOCs--Enhanced MPSOC Robustness and Performance Verification.-HW Support to Exploit Parallelism in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Multicore System-on-Chip.-PALLAS: Mapping Applications onto Manycore.-Part 2: Reconfigurable Hardware in Multiprocessor Systems: Adaptive Multiprocessor System on Chip Architecture.-Designing FPGA Systems with Many Processors.-Part 3: Physical Design of Multiprocessor Systems: Design tools and methods for chip physical design.-Challenges in Physical Design for Multi- and Manycore Hardware Architectures.


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Question: COIL EFFECT ON K-SPACE LINE SELECTION IN HIGHLY ACCELERATED PARALLEL IMAGING

Because the maximum acceleration factor in parallel imaging is proportional to the number of coils in the array, two phenomena are occurring as counterparts to one another: arrays are being developed with increasing numbers of (and thus smaller sized) elements while fewer k-space lines are being acquired (with the accompanying requirement that they be selected more carefully). This paper examines the inherent shift in k-space caused by the use of coils that are small relative to the field-of-view and the selection of k-space lines. The shift is easily understood as the convolution of the magnetization k-space data with the Fourier transform of the coil sensitivity pattern. Results are that the k-space shift is inherent to small coils, is in the same direction for any coil design, and has opposite signs on opposite sides of a planar coil element

Abstract : Partial Contents: THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION UNDER BRIGHT LIGHT CONDITION ON THERMOREGURATOLY RESPONSES TO HYPERTHERMIA, ADENOSINE AND DOPAMINE AS NEUROMODULATORS IN HYPOXIC HYPOTHERMIA IN CONSCIOUS RATS, ROLE OF PREOPTIC AREA IN LPS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL FEVER IN THE TOAD BUFO PARACNEMIS, TYMPAMC TEMPERATURE REACTION TO THE EXPOSURE TO ELECTHOMAGNETIC FIELDS EMITTED BY CELLULAR PHONE, CAN FINGER DEXTERITY BE MAINTAINED WITH LOW FINGER BLOOD FLOW?, MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA, NIGHT FEEDING OF GROWING CATTLE IN HOT SUMMER RELIEVES HEAT LOAD AND INCREASES GROWTH EFFICIENCY, OCCUPATIONAL ACCLIMATISATION TO ROT HEAVY WORK IN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE FIGHTERS.


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Question: Conclusions on the electronic conductivity of Na-β-alumina from the behaviour of a potentiometric CO2 sensor comprising Na-β-alumina as electrolyte

Abstract By simulating the experimental properties of a potentiometric CO 2 sensor based on Na-β-alumina, it is confirmed that the conclusion previously drawn about the role of the electron conduction in such a sensor is qualitatively correct. Quantitatively, however, the literature data on the p -electron conductivity prove to give rise to an incorrect picture about the impact of the electronic transference on the sensor performance. The p -conduction parameter a ⊕ determined from a critical evaluation of the sensing characteristics reveals to significantly differ from the literature data with respect to both the magnitude and the temperature dependence. It lies close to the sodium potential of the measuring electrode and, moreover, depends on the CO 2 pressure in the surrounding of the electrolyte. As a result, a ⊕ must be considered a variable rather than only a temperature-dependent constant.

TG, DTG and DTA measurements were used to study the thermal properties of the synthetic zeolite ZSM5, its silver form (Ag-ZSM5) and a zeolitic product containing silver iodide (K-ZSM5/AgI). Thermoanalytical measurements were supplemented by morphology studies.


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Question: The Characteristics and Applications of Wideband Fixed-gain Amplifier THS4302

Texas Instruments'newwideband fixed-gain amplifier-THS4302is introduced.The characteristic and the principle of THS4302are described.Some illustrations and advise for applications are given.

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Preface.Acknowledgements.Glossary of Abbreviations.Glossary of Symbols.1. An Introduction to Optical Communication Systems.2. Principles of Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser Diodes: Coupled Wave Theory.3. Structural Impacts on the Solutions of Coupled Wave Equations: An Overview.4. Transfer Matrix Modelling in DFB Semiconductor Lasers.5. Threshold Analysis and Optimization of Various DFB LDs Using the Transfer Matrix Method.6. Above-Threshold Characteristics of DFB Laser Diodes: A TMM Approach.7. Above-Threshold Analysis of Various DFB Lase r Structures Using the TMM.8. Circuit and Transmission-Line Laser Modelling (TLLM) Techniques.9. Analysis of DFB Laser Diode Characteristics Based on the Transmission-Line Modelling (TLLM).10. Wavelength Tunable Optical Filters Based on DFB Laser Structures.11. Other Wavelenght Tunable Optical Filters Based on the DFB Laser Structure.12. Conclusion, Summary and Suggestions.Index.


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Question: Experimental study of the influence of nanoparticle generation on the electrical characteristics of argon–silane capacitive radio-frequency plasmas

The nonintrusive detection of particle contamination problems is of great interest to plasma processing in the manufacture of semiconductors. We have studied the influence of particle generation in argon–silane capacitive plasmas on the electrical discharge properties which can be nonintrusively measured with a current–voltage sensor. The Fourier components of the rf current and voltage and the respective phase angles between these signals have been studied up to the fifth harmonic of the 13.56 MHz rf power. We show that in particular higher harmonics are much more sensitive to the appearance of particles than the signals at the fundamental frequency or the second harmonic. It appears that the observation of higher harmonics is capable of providing early indication of particle growth in capacitive rf discharges.

The use of lasers in industrial material processing is discussed in reviews and reports. Sections are devoted to high-precision laser machining, deposition methods, ablation and polymers, and synthesis and oxidation. Particular attention is given to laser cutting of steel sheets, laser micromachining of material surfaces, process control in laser soldering, laser-induced CVD of doped Si stripes on SOS and their characterization by piezoresistivity measurements, laser CVD of Pt spots on glass, laser deposition of GaAs, UV-laser photoablation of polymers, ArF excimer-laser ablation of HgCdTe semiconductor, pulsed laser synthesis of Ti silicides and nitrides, the kinetics of laser-assisted oxidation of metallic films, and excimer-laser-assisted etching of solids for microelectronics.


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Question: Networks of trends: systematic definition of evolutionary scenarios

Abstract TRIZ literature presents several papers and even books claiming the efficiency of Altshuller's Laws of Engineering System Evolution as a means for produce technology forecasts. Nevertheless, all the instruments and the procedures proposed so far suffer from poor repeatability, while the increasing adoption of innovation as the key factor for being competitive requires reliable and repeatable methods and tools for the analysis of emerging technologies and their potential impact. The present paper proposes an original algorithm to build a Network of Evolutionary Trends for a given Technical System with repeatable steps. Such a goal has been achieved by integrating well known models and instruments for system description and functional analysis. The overall procedure, still under further development, has been clarified by means of one of the case studies carried out for its validation.

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A new framework for description and analysis of uncertainty in dynamic systems is briefly described.


Question: Predictive fault tolerant placement in distributed video servers

Abstract: A high degree of data availability is required to ensure QoS in distributed video server environments. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for fault tolerant data placement in a distributed video server that determines the placement of video objects so as to ensure continuity of video requests in the event of node failures. Our performance studies indicate that object distribution strategies have a significant impact on the video placement process.

We propose an open signal processing system design and implementation environment, BEEHIVE, that allows application developers to rapidly compose and debug functional specifications in a networked, distributed computing environment, and then later migrate the application (transparently) onto an embedded, distributed, computing hardware/software platform, with the capability to reconfigure (adaptively) the resources assigned to the application to meet the dynamic real-time requirements of the implementation. Recent developments in the area of virtual machines; broker-based, distributed, transportable computing; object-oriented programming methodologies, Java and its real-time extensions; reconfigurable and programmable hardware; approximate algorithms; adaptive-load and resource-management algorithms, are harnessed in this operating environment.


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Question: How Efficiently is Chemical Fertilizer Used in Indian Agriculture? Challenges and Alternatives

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Chemical fertilizer is one of the main inputs in Indian agriculture. The objective of the article is to study the efficiency of chemical fertilizer use in India over five decades (1962â€“65 to 2003â€“06). This period extends from the pre-green revolution to the post-reform era. Chemical fertilizer use is not uniform and efficient throughout the Indian states. For the purposes of this study, the districts of four states, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Punjab and West Bengal, have been selected, representing the southern, western, northern and eastern regions, respectively. Data envelopment analysis technique is used to gauge the input-oriented technical efficiency. The results show that there is substantial scope for reducing the use of fertilizer.

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Farm Spending and Local Selling: How Do They Match Up?; Changing Fiscal Patterns for Minnesota County Governments


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Question: Drivers of Marketing Innovation in Portuguese Firms

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This article aims at identifying and analyzing the drivers of innovation capacity of marketing in the context of Portuguese firms. From this standpoint, a theoretical framework is considered, which comprises the characterization of marketing innovation, as well as the determinants that underlie it. Based on the literature several research hypotheses are formulated, which are tested using secondary data provided by the “Observatorio da Ciencia e do Ensino Superior - OCES” - Observatory of Science and Higher Education, belonging to the “4o Inquerito Comunitario a Inovacao – CIS 4”- 4th Community Innovation Survey-CIS, supervised by EUROSTAT. The method used is the logistic regression model. The results show that the variables included in the factor R&D pertaining to internal R&D activities, acquisition of machinery, equipment and software, acquisition of other external knowledge and performance of other procedures, and the factor marketing activities, influence the propensity of firms to innovate in marketing.

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A Cross-National Investigation of An Extended Technology Acceptance Model in The Online Shopping Context: A Study Case of Online Apparel Industry Across ASEAN Member States - Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Online Shopping, ASEAN, Intention.


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Question: Non-invasive measurement of the concentration of melanin, xanthophyll, and hemoglobin in single fundus layers in vivo by fundus reflectometry

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A new model of the reflection of the human ocular fundus on the basis of the adding-doubling method, an approximate solution of the radiative transport equation, is described. This model enables the calculation of the concentration of xanthophyll in the retina, of melanin in theretinal pigment epithelium and in the choroid, and of hemoglobin in the choroid from fundus reflectance spectra. The concentration values found in 12 healthy subjects are in excellent agreement with literature data. In single cases of pathologic fundus alterations possiblebenefits to the ophthalmologic diagnostics is demonstrated.

The authors have developed a new in-vivo spectroscopic imaging system (IVIS) for real-time biomedical applications. IVIS visualization produces images that are acquired non-invasively during clinical procedures. This paper describes data collected from tissue to determine the efficacy of this type of hyperspectral imaging modality for measuring changes in the spatial distribution of regional tissue oxygenation during vascular occlusion and reperfusion.


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Question: Measurement compatibility: a novel approach based on the definition of probability intervals

The problem of compatibility evaluation for measurements performed on the same measurand by different processes (different methods, laboratories, devices) is addressed as one of the most critical in the perspective to establish a measurement traceability. A new approach is proposed based on the representation of the measurement results by means of the probability intervals generated by the random variables representing the "measures". The parameters characterising the measurement compatibility criterion are focused and an operative procedure depending on such parameters is pointed out and tested in some applications.

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The paper proposes two complementary methods for change analysis and feature extraction: A time evolution analysis of satellite images and using the correlation coefficient together with conditional information.


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Question: Monitoring Dissociation Kinetics during Electrophoretic Focusing to Enable High-Specificity Nucleic Acid Detection.

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A wide range of medical conditions can be diagnosed through sequence-specific analysis of nucleic acids. However, a major challenge remains in detecting a specific target in samples containing a high concentration of mismatching sequences. A single-step kinetic homogenous (free solution) assay is presented in which free sequence-specific probes are continuously separated from probe-target hybrids during electrophoretic sample focusing, allowing monitoring of dissociation kinetics. Under these conditions, the different kinetics of targets versus mismatches result in distinct patterns of the signal (for example, linear increase for target versus exponential decay for mismatch), allowing the detection of desired sequences even in the presence of high background nucleic acid content. Additionally, an analytical model provides insight into the underlying dynamics, and allows design of assays based on this mechanism.

Kinetics of Unireactant Enzymes. Simple Inhibition Systems. Rapid Equilibrium Partial and Mixed--Type Inhibition. Enzyme Activation. Rapid Equilibrium Bireactant and Terreactant Systems. Multisite and Allosteric Enzymes. Multiple Inhibition Analysis. Steady--State Kinetics of Multireactant Enzymes. Isotope Exchange. Effects of pH and Temperature. Appendix. Index.


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Question: Limitations on Regenerator Spacing With an Optical Amplifier Repeater

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Semiconductor laser amplifiers can be used as linear amplifiers or repeaters to extend the separation between regenerative repeaters in an optical transmission system.1 Traveling wave amplifiers are the most suitable for this application from stability considerations but have the disadvantage of a high spontaneous noise level. It is important, therefore, to assess the effect of this noise in a system context and to determine the degree of optical filtering necessary at the receiver. For some amplifier applications, for example, as a receiver preamplifier, stringent optical filtering is required which limits the usefulness of the device2

This chapter contains sections titled: The Vernier Effect DBR-Type Laser Structures Interferometric Structures Codirectionally Coupled Laser Diodes Combination of Techniques Comparison of Widely Tunable Monolithic Laser Structures This chapter contains sections titled: References


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Question: Structural and Electronic Properties Calculations of Al x In 1-x P Alloy

The equilibrium structure and the electronic properties of III-V zinc-blende AlP, InP semiconductors and their alloy have been studied in detail from first-principles calculations. A full-potential linear muffin-tin-orbital (FP-LMTO) method has been used in conjunction with both the local-density approximation (LDA) and the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) to investigate the effect of increasing the concentration of aluminum on the structural properties such as the lattice constants and the bulk moduli. Besides, we report the concentration dependence of the electronic band structure, the direct-indirect band gap crossovers and bowing. Using the approach of Zunger and co-workers the microscopic origins of the gap bowing were also explained. A reasonable agreement is found in comparing our results with other theoretical calculations.

Abstract : Contents: Epitaxial Growth and Electro-Optical Properties of Metal GaAs superlattices, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility and Thermoelectric Power of PtGa(2), Electronic structure study of the Pt-Ga intermetallic thin films on GaAs (100) using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Growth of CoGa on GaAs by MBE-Determination of epitaxial phases and orientations, Internal Photoemission in CoGa/GaAs Schottky Barriers, Possible Injection of Electrons into the L Valley, Chemistry of Metal/ Compound-Semiconductor Interfaces, Phase Stability Versus The Lattice Mismatch of (100)Co1-xGa(x) Thin Films on (100)GaAs, Electrical resistivity of ultrathin, epitaxial CoGa on GaAs, and Growth and Annealing of Co(1-x)Ga(x) Thin Films on GaAs (100).


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Question: A New Criterion for Controlling the Number of Limit Cycles of Some Generalized Liénard Equations

Abstract We consider a class of planar differential equations which include the Lienard differential equations. By applying the Bendixson–Dulac Criterion for l -connected sets we reduce the study of the number of limit cycles for such equations to the condition that a certain function of just one variable does not change sign. As an application, this method is used to give a sharp upper bound for the number of limit cycles of some Lienard differential equations. In particular, we present a polynomial Lienard system with exactly three limit cycles.

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Polynomial Matrices.- Rational Functions and Matrices.- Normal Matrices and Systems.- The Problem of Realization.- Singular and Cyclic Normal Systems.- Matrix Polynomial Equations, and Rational and Algebraic Matrix Equations.- The Realisation Problem and Perfect Observers of Singular Systems.- Positive Linear Systems with Delays.


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The query could be '['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Effects of Verbal and Verbal-Motor Responses on Meter Conceptualization in Third-, Fourth-, and Fifth-Grade Children']' and should be close to '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'My purpose was to determine the effects of grade level and response mode on the ability of second-semester third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade students to identify and conceptualize meter in music. Thirty-six subjects at each grade level were divided into two response-mode groups. Subjects in the verbal-motor response groups were asked to respond verbally and to use specific conducting motions; verbal-response-mode subjects used only verbal responses. A two-way analysis of variance indicated that both main effects of grade level and response mode were significant, indicating that scores on the meter-concept test improved with increasing age and as a result of using the verbal-motor response mode. Analysis of simple effects indicated that fourth- and fifth-grade subjects in the verbal-motor response mode were superior to fourth- and fifth-grade subjects in the verbal response mode; mode of response, however, did not result in a significant difference in third-grade subjects.']' but very far from '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Introduction. 1. Unfocused Curricula. 2. U.S. Textbooks: Conflicting Demands, Cautious Visions. 3. U.S. Teachers: Responding to Splintered Visions. 4. How Has Our Vision Become So Splintered? 5. So What Can We Expect from U.S. Students? 6. Open Questions: How Do We Get Where We Want to Go? Appendix A: TIMSS Curriculum Framewords: Measuring Curricular Elements. Appendix B: Documents Analyzed. Appendix C: Means, Proportions, and Standard Errors for Teacher Data. Appendix D: List of Exhibits. Endnotes.']'

Question: Employment and International Trade Flows In Nigeria: VECM ANALYSIS

The study attempts to rationalize the impact of international trade flows on employment generation in Nigeria within the framework of the vector error correction model. The study found that the volume of international trade has no significant positive impact on employment generation in Nigeria. Indeed, the recent empirical evidence is that of a significant negative employment effect of total trade volume in Nigeria. This could be as a result of the SAP-induced trade liberalization forced on the country by the IMF and World Bank as a pre-condition for loan procurement and possible debt cancellation. Besides, the employment effect of trade liberalization is insignificant and negative as well in this study. It is therefore imperative for Nigeria to make her export competitive by broadening the horizons of production and reduce her volume of importation in order to make the negative trade balance positive.

Issues and Trends Service Employment and Income: a Survey of the Literature Sampling Design and Model Specification The Impact of Service Sector Employment on Income The Mid-Atlantic Region from 1969 to 1979 A National Study of the Impact of Service Sector Employment on Wages: Rural and Urban Counties During the 1980s Summary, Conclusions, and Policy Implications Appendixes Bibliography Index


Question:
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E.g. '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Nonlinear evolution inclusions arising from phase change models']' == '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper.', 'The paper is devoted to the analysis of an abstract evolution inclusion with a non-invertible operator, motivated by problems arising in nonlocal phase separation modeling. Existence, uniqueness, and long-time behaviour of the solution to the related Cauchy problem are discussed in detail.']' != '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'This paper deals with the global attractivity of stationary solution of a class of reaction diffusion equations with time delays.']'

Question: Redescription and range extension of the shrimp Parapenaeopsis balli (Decapoda: Penaeidae)

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['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'A bivariate extremal distribution is adopted to analyze the joint distribution between the annual flood peak Q and flood volume V observed at a hydrological station of the Yangtze River. The parameters of this joint probability distribution are calibrated by using the observed data. The results display that the calibrated bivariate extremal distribution of (Q,V) fits the empirical distribution quite well. With the joint distribution of (Q,V) , it will be easy to derive the probability of the co-occurrences of flood peaks and flood volumes, or to find the occurring probability of either of two events (e.g., a flood peak), if the probability of another event (e.g., a flood vlume) is given. The application of the bivariate extremal distribution in flood frequency analysis will enhance our understanding of statistical properties of the extreme hydrological events.'] == ['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Application study of a bivariate extremal distribution in flood frequency analysis']

ABSTRACT Parapenaeopsisballi, the only representative of the genus in American waters, was originally described from two small males. On the basis of over 100 specimens, among which are many females, it is redescribed in detail, including the first accounts of the appendix masculina, thelycum, and seminal receptacles. Variations in several morphological features are assessed and differences of the species from its closest relatives are discussed. The range of this shrimp along the Pacific American coast, previously recorded only from El Salvador, is found to extend as far north as Bahia de Banderas, Jalisco, Mexico.

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Four species of the genus Atylus belonging to the family Dexaminidae are reported from the eastern and southern coasts of Korea. Three of these species are redescribed as new records of this country: Atylus (Atylus) ekmani (Gurjanova), A. (A.) matsukawaensis Hirayama and Takeuchi and A. (Kamehatylus) japonicus Nagata.


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Question: Specific Growth Rate and the Level of Energy Metabolism in the Ontogeny of Axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum(Amphibia: Ambystomatidae)

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Concordant changes in the level of energy metabolism and specific growth rate of axolotls have been revealed. Several periods of ontogeny are distinguished, which differ in the ratio of energy metabolism to body weight and, therefore, are described by different allometric equations. It is suggested that the specific growth rate of an animal determines the type of dependence of energy metabolism on body weight.

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Nutritional Ecology of Forb Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Insect Folivores of Woody Plants: Nitrogen, Water, Fiber and Mineral Considerations Nutritional Ecology of Grass Foliage-Chewing Insects Nutritional Ecology of Phytophagous Mites Nutritional Ecology of Lichen/Moss Arthropods Nutritional Ecology of Arthropod Gall-Makers Nutritional Ecology of Bruchid Beetles Nutritional Ecology of Seed-Sucking Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product Insects Nutritional Ecology of Stored-Product and House Dust Mites Ecology of Nectar and Pollen Feeding in Lepidoptera.


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Question: THE ASSESMENT OF CHRONIC ILLNESS WITHIN THE COMPENSATION SYSTEM

The experiences of an individual who submitted a compensation claim for a soft tissue injury are used to examine the issue of chronic illness or injury. Those who are older, female and less educated are more likely to be affected. The compensation system relies upon the knowledge and impartiality of medical specialists. The nature of that knowledge and the behaviour of individual specialists is discussed. Medical opinions about chronic soft tissue injuries appear to be based more on subjective and situational factors rather than on organic understandings. These opinions merely reflect and reinforce the values of the society in which they are formed. Attention becomes focused upon the individual, away from the process or environment that caused the original injury. There is a concern that opinions provided meet social expectations rather than the basic requirements of science.

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To give you a sense - "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Historically, the problem of evil has two sides. One half of the problem arises out of human freedom. Human beings make evil choices. On the other hand there are what appear to be natural evils. These are evils that are not the result of any human choice; babies are born with cancer and tsunamis kill millions of people. In this paper I examine Canadian philosopher Bernard Lonergan’s approach to both prongs of the problem of evil. I look to determine whether or not his solution, which is based on an account of the conjugate forms of faith, hope, and charity; and culminates in a heuristic where forgiveness plays an essential role in moving beyond the problem of evil, can adequately address both sides of this complicated puzzle. In doing so I will also examine his three fold distinction between basic sins, moral evils, and physical evils as well as the claim that from the viewpoint of the unrestricted act of understanding the non-systematic vanishes']" should be close to "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', "Divide and Conquer: An Exposition of Longeran's Two-Fold Approach to Evil"]"

CRITICISM OF ADOPTING A SPECIALIZED UNIT APPROACH RATHER THAN INTEGRATING APPROACH INTO ENTIRE DEPARTMENT.


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Question: IMAGE-BASED SKELETAL MUSCLE COORDINATION: CASE STUDY ON A SUBJECT SPECIFIC FACIAL MIMIC SIMULATION

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Facial muscle coordination is a fundamental mechanism for facial mimics and expressions. The understanding of this complex mechanism leads to better diagnosis and treatment of facial disorders like facial palsy or disfigurement. The objective of this work was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to characterize the activation behavior of facial muscles and then simulate their coordination mechanism using a subject specific finite element model. MRI data of lower head of a healthy subject were acquired in neutral and in the pronunciation of the sound [o] positions. Then, a finite element model was derived directly from acquired MRI images in neutral position. Transversely-isotropic, hyperelastic, quasi-incompressible behavior law was implemented for modeling facial muscles. The simulation to produce the pronunciation of the sound [o] was performed by the cumulative coordination between three pairs of facial mimic muscles (Zygomaticus Major (ZM), Levator Labii Superioris (LLS), Levator Anguli O...

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SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC SAVINGS CAN BE REALIZED IF PILE DESIGN LOADS CAN BE INCREASED TO THOSE WHICH THE PILE ITSELF IS CAPABLE OF SUSTAINING AS A STRUCTURAL COLUMN. IF FRICTION PILE CONDITIONS OR UPLIFT CONDITIONS A SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED WHEREBY PILE CAPACITIES ARE INCREASED BY EXPANDING THE PILE CROSS SECTION BY EXTRUDING STEEL PLATES FROM THE PILE BODY AFTER THE PILE IS DRIVEN. RESULTS OF A LABORATORY MODEL TEST AND REDUCED SCALE PROTOTYPE TEST ARE GIVEN AND COMPARED WITH A THEORETICAL PRELIMINARY DESIGN PROCEDURE. A DESIGN EXAMPLE ILLUSTRATES POTENTIAL ECONOMY. AN EXAMINATION OF THE SCHEME'S ADAPTABILITY TO VARIOUS PILE SECTIONS ALREADY IN COMMERCIAL USE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD EMPHASIZES THE VERSATILITY OF THE SYSTEM. /AUTHOR/