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Question: Roles of extracellular microRNAs in central nervous system

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs containing about 18–25 nucleotides which modulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Recently, microRNAs have been detected in the extracellular space including a wide range of body fluids. These extracellular miRNAs, often encapsulated in secreted extracellular vesicles, can be transferred into recipient cells and thus inhibits the expression of targeted genes. In view of these findings, a new exosome-based therapeutic approach is invented, which can effectively deliver miRNAs/siRNAs into specific cells. In central nervous system, extracellular miRNAs can not only be used as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis of several neurological disorders, but also mediate the intercellular communication between neurons and glial cells. In this review, we will discuss the latest research work regarding the roles of secreted miRNAs in central nervous system and evaluate the potential of exosome-mediated miRNAs/siRNAs delivery in neural therapy.

HMGB1/Amphoterin is a ubiquitous, highly conserved DNA-binding protein that can be also released to the extracellular space by various cell types. Extracellular HMGB1 regulates migratory responses of several cell types through binding to RAGE that communicates with the cytoskeleton to regulate cell motility. HMGB1-induced cell signalling has been associated with mechanisms of several diseases, including cancer, sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke and atherosclerosis. This article reviews the evidence linking the functional roles of HMGB1 to RAGE signalling. Furthermore, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms that may explain the roles of HMGB1/RAGE in diverse disease processes.


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Question: Review and Survey of Broadband Techniques of Microstrip Patch Antenna

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In today communication Cellular mobile and other communication devices are getting smaller in size but the operation is held by such devices are needed much higher bandwidth. Microstrip antennas are smaller in size but having drawback of low bandwidth. Literature shows that the leading work on MSA is focused on designing compact sized broadband antenna. Last few years many bandwidth enhancement techniques have been developed. In this paper broad banding techniques of MSA have been studied and comparative analysis is done.

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Introduction.- Analog Signals Conditioning and Discretization.- Selected Methods of Signal Filtration and Separation and their Implementation.- Selected Active Power Filter Control Algorithms.- Digital Signal Processing Circuits for Digital Class D Power Amplifiers.- Conclusion.


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Question: BFGS Algorithm in Electrical Resistance Tomography for the Measurement of Two-phase Flow

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Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) is one of new methods for parameters measurement of two-phase flow. The image reconstruction algorithm is one of key parts of ERT system. Based on the optimization principle of BFGS algorithm (one kind of Quasi-Newton methods), a new image reconstruction algorithm of ERT for two-phase flow is proposed. To enable the acquirement of on-line measurement of two-phase flow, BFGS algorithm is modified to reduce computation and raise image reconstruction speed. The details are that the iteration direction is changed and the Hessian matrix of the objection function is replaced by the identity matrix. Experimental results show that the modified BFGS algorithm is stable and effective to reconstruct high quality image at fast speed.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: The coordinates of the perspective centre — A discussion

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Abstract Some investigations are made with regard to the determination of the coordinates of the perspective centre of an analogue instrument. The investigations treat of the spatial intersection method which does not need known poins, but can use any group of well-defined points in the image plane. The same practical examples as mentioned in the paper of Wood (1972) in this journal are worked out and their results are compared.

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Deduce the conclusion of the move_value at any point of the curve equals tow times of the algebraic sum of the front point move_value and versine minus front two points move_value,and adopt this conclusion to hand calculation and electric calculation programming.


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Question: Pairwise rank superiority of winter wheat genotype for spring stand

Rank statistics can be used as a simple method of summarizing multienvironment data when the assumptions of uniform variances and main effects across environments are violates. A pairwise rank superiority measure is described for analysis of genotypes across environments when usual statistical measures are invalid or too complex for clear data presentation (.)

Soybean germplasm (Glycine max L. Merr.) evaluation in Cuba. Characterization and evaluation of cuban soybean collections, is one of the initial steps in germplasm potentiation of this species, in order to use it in development and breeding programs. In the present work, 50 cultivars from the cuban soybean collection were preliminary classified, considering the most variable attributes. The cultivars were grouped as early, intermediate and late ones, according to days to bulk flowering. Most promising cultivars were outstanded in the early and intemediate plus late groups, repectively; these cultivars are recommended for their inclussion in the breeding programs of the species.


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Question: Resilience-Focused Journalism: The Motivations, Tactics, and Impact of the Los Angeles Times Coverage of Earthquake Risk

ABSTRACTAs disasters and climate change threaten more and more people around the world, it is increasingly important for communities to adopt resilience policies. However, despite considerable bene...

Contents: The Information Society - The Digital Divide - The Digital Practice Perspective - The Digital Practice of Weak Tie Development - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Family Ties via Mobile Phone - The Digital Practice of Maintaining Digital Enclaves - The Digital Practice Perspective and Social Policy: Improving the Social, Cultural, and Civic Quality of the Digital Environment - Conclusion: Smart Mobs, Flash Mobs, Flash Robs and the Revolutionary Potential of the Digital Environment.


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Question: Toward an Applied Meaning for Ethics in Business

The field of business ethics has been active for several decades, but it has yet to develop a generally agreed upon applied ethical perspective for the discipline. Academics in business disciplines have developed useful science-based models explaining why business people behave ethically but without a generally accepted definition of ethical behavior. Academics in moral philosophy have attempted to formulate what they believe ethical behavior is, but many seem to ignore or reject the basic mission of business. The purpose of this article is to offer one view of ethics in business that accommodates the mission of business. This purpose is achieved by reviewing the mission of ethics in applied disciplines like business and melding it into the mission of business in capitalistic societies.

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Preface Chapter 1 Postmodernity, Postmodernism, and Public Relations Chapter 2 Postmodern Ethics as a Foundation for Public Relations Activism Chapter 3 A Postmodern View of Public Relations History Chapter 4 Power and the Public Relations Function Chapter 5 Public Relations and the Postmodern Turn in Organization Theory Chapter 6 Public Relations Knowledge and Research in Postmodernity Chapter 7 Activism as the Postmodern Agency of Public Relations


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Question: NDA versus DD Multipath' Delay Estimation

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In this paper we investigate the performance of two delay estimation algorithms, non-data aided (NDA) and decision-directed (DD), in the presence of multipath fading and additive Gaussian noise. The comparison is made assuming perfect knowledge about the amplitudes and phases of channel multipaths, in order to see the maximum achievable performance with these two algorithms. The results indicate that NDA delay estimation offers but little degradation of performance compared to DD algorithm and has the advantage of a reduced complexity and higher spectral efficiency. We also study the impact of data errors on DD delay estimation. The algorithms are applied for a downlink wideband CDMA (WCDMA) system, using Walsh spreading codes and long Gold scrambling codes.

Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-0946 / A Study of inhomogeneity correction by using Compensator Smearing Effect in proton therapy" by: "D. YOUM; Gyeonggi-do/KR"


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Question: H5N1 Influenza Vaccine Formulated with AS03A Induces Strong Cross-Reactive and Polyfunctional CD4 T-Cell Responses

Objective ::: Adjuvantation of an H5N1 split-virion influenza vaccine with AS03A substantially reduces the antigen dose required to produce a putatively protective humoral response and promotes cross-clade neutralizing responses. We determined the effect of adjuvantation on antibody persistence and B- and T-cell-mediated immune responses.

Gene Regulatory Networks Orchestrating B Cell Fate Specification, Commitment, and Differentiation.- Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Lymphocyte Lineage Determination.- Ikaros-Family Proteins: In Search of Molecular Functions During Lymphocyte Development.- Biochemistry of V(D)J Recombination.- The Pre-B Cell Receptor in B Cell Development: Recent Advances, Persistent Questions and Conserved Mechanisms.- Transcriptional Control of B Cell Activation.- Expression of MHC II Genes.- Class Switch Recombination: An Emerging Mechanism.- Blimp-1, Immunoglobulin Secretion, and the Switch to Plasma Cells.- Wnt Signaling in Lymphopoiesis.- Subject Index.


Question: Relationship between prefrontal function during a cognitive task and social functioning in male Japanese workers: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study

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To investigate whether prefrontal function during a cognitive task reflects the social functioning of male Japanese workers, prefrontal function during a working memory task in 181 male workers was measured by multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Social functioning was assessed using the Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale (SASS). The results indicated that cortical oxygenation level increases in dorsolateral prefrontal region showed significant positive correlations with the interest and motivation factor scores on the SASS. These results suggest that dorsolateral prefrontal function is associated with the interest and motivation factor in social functioning in male workers and that NIRS could be an addition to the medical tools for monitoring these characteristics on mental health examination.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of progressive neuropsychological decline in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and determine how this vulnerability may be associated with the neurodevelopmental impact of the disorder. 53 patients with TLE and 62 healthy controls underwent quantitative MRI volumetric imaging of total brain tissue and hippocampal volumes as well as assessment of intelligence and memory function. In addition to reduced hippocampal volume, childhood onset (


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Question: A study of the gamma radiation induced molecular weight changes in poly (phenyl methacrylate), poly (methyl methacrylate) and their copolymers

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For instance, <<['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'Agglomeration that occurs during municipal sewage sludge (MSS) fluidized bed co-combustion might affect heavy metal distribution and the transformation of bottom ash. A study on the mobility and sp...']>>  to <<['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'Sequential extraction for heavy metal distribution of bottom ash from fluidized bed co-combusted phosphorus-rich sludge under the agglomeration/defluidization process']>>

The homopolymers and copolymers of phenyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate synthesized by free radical polymerization were characterized by infra red and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The molecular weight changes produced as a result of gamma irradiation in an argon atmosphere were monitored as a function of dose absorbed by the sample. The radiation induced effects have been discussed in terms of G(Scission), energy absorbed per break and number of bonds broken per gram in a polymer sample. The results reveal that poly (phenyl methacrylate) is more stable than poly (methyl methacrylate) while, the radiation stability of the copolymers depends upon the concentrations of the respective monomers.

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Bis(trifluoroacetyl) peroxide was prepared in good yield by the reaction between trifluoroacetic anhydride and sodium peroxide under anhydrous conditions. Polymers bearing benzene rings, polystyrene, poly(phenylene oxide) and poly(diphenylacetylene) were modified chemically by the peroxide. The resulting trifluoromethylated polymers have good solubilities in common organic solvents, and their cast films have good water repellency. The trifluoromethylated poly(diphenylacetylene)s have high gas and vapor permeabilities.


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Question: Susceptibility factors and long term effects of air pollution: mortality among 3 sub-cohorts of the Italian Longitudinal Study. Results of the LIFE MED HISS project (LIFE12 ENV/IT/000834).

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Introduction There are few studies assessing the role played by susceptibility factors on mortality related to long term exposure to air pollution. The objective of this study is to estimate the ri...

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Directorate General for Research of the European Commission, by the Sixth Framework Network of Excellence CLIOHRES.net under the contract CIT3-CT-2005-006164.


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Question: P2B-7 Development of a Versatile Signal Processing Board for Real-Time 3D Beamforming

In this paper, we describe the design and performance of a high-speed, signal processing board designed for real-time 3D ultrasound beamforming. The system can generate 100M beamformed voxels per second from the data received from a 288 element array. Our primary scan volume produces an 80x80x246 volume image updated at a rate of 24 volumes per second, with 4 depth transmit focal zones. Preliminary beamforming tests have shown good agreement with modeled simulations. The average amplitude of the pedestal secondary lobe in the radiation pattern was about -72 dB for a point target at f/2. Average single channel noise levels were measured at 400 nV/rtHz at high gain (+43 dB). This corresponds to a single channel signal to noise ratio of 54 dB for a 13.2 MHz bandwidth and results in a system dynamic range of 96 dB. The channel-to-channel isolation was approximately 46 dB.

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Introduction. Instruments. Depth and Transverse Resolution. Phase Imaging. Applications. Appendix A: Vector Field Theory for Depth and Transverse Resolution of a CSOM.


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Question: Complex quorum-sensing regulatory systems regulate bacterial growth and symbiotic nodulation in Mesorhizobium tianshanense

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LuxR/LuxI-type quorum-sensing systems have been shown to be important for symbiotic interactions between a number of rhizobium species and host legumes. In this study, we found that different isolates of Mesorhizobium tianshanense, a moderately-growing Rhizobium that forms nodules on a number of types of licorice plants, produces several different N-acyl homoserine lactone-like molecules. In M. tianshanense CCBAU060A, we performed a genetic screen and identified a network of regulatory components including a set of LuxI/LuxR-family regulators as well as a MarR-family regulator that is required for quorum-sensing regulation. Furthermore, compared with the wild-type strains, quorum-sensing deficient mutants showed a reduced growth rate and were defective in nodule formation on their host plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis. These data suggest that different M. tianshanense strains may use diverse quorum-sensing systems to regulate symbiotic process.

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Bioassay based on thick and short root (Tsr) and hair deformation (Had) phenotypes were used to test the activity of Nod factors produced byRhizobium sp. (Cicer) strains HS-1, Rcd-301, IC-59, IC-76 and Ca-181 on chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cv. ‘C-235’. Nod− mutants ofRhizobium sp. (Cicer) did not produce Tsr+ and Had+ phenotypes on chickpea, indicating the requirement of nodulation genes for their appearance. The strain HS-1 treated with root exudates of pea (Pisum sativum), berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and lucerne (Medicago sativa) failed to produce the Tsr+ and Had+ phenotypes on chickpea. ConverselyR. leguminosarum bvs.viciae andtrifolii, R. meliloti, Rhizobium sp. (Sesbania), andRhizobium sp. (Cajanus) induced with chickpea root exudates did not show Tsr+ and Had+ phenotypes on chickpea. It appears that host specificity inRhizobium sp. (Cicer)-chickpea symbiosis is regulated by the production of host-specific factors which are not active on heterologous hosts.


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Question: Reconciling meng- and NP Movement in Indonesian

0. Introduction In this paper, I present a new analysis of the Indonesian ‘voice marker prefix’ meng-: I argue that it is not a voice marker or a prefix at all, but instead an indefinite object clitic, unspecified for person and number, which has the effect of ‘antipassivizing’ the verb hosting it. To support my claim, I review restrictions on the distribution of meng-, which although previously noted (e.g. Saddy 1991, Cole and Hermon 1998), remained unexplained under previous analyses of meng-. I further suggest an incorporation analysis of meng(Baker 1988) that accounts for these distributional restrictions.

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For example, ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Twenty-four patients underwent elective cholecystectomy. They were randomized into two groups, one consisting of 13 patients having CPAP* by face-mask for 4 h after surgery and the other, consisting of 11 patients serving as control. The patients were all given intravenous anesthesia and were manually ventilated during anesthesia without using PEEP. The groups were comparable as concerns sex, age, weight, smoking-habits, preoperative pulmonary status, type of surgery and anesthesia-time. The study showed that both groups had a reduction in VC and PaO2 and a high percentage of them developed chest X-ray changes. In none of the variables mentioned was there any significant difference between the groups after surgery. Hypoxemia after abdominal surgery can thus not be prevented by only using CPAP for 4 h postoperatively.'] should be similar to ['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about:', 'Can postoperative continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) prevent pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery?']

Acquiring a second language (L2) is a dynamic process. ::: ::: ::: Keywords: ::: ::: bilingualism; ::: neurolinguistics; ::: psycholinguistics


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Question: Critical velocity of flow past objects of aerofoil section

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By observations of the "AEolian Tones" of vibrators of aerofoil section, critical values for flow past an object of aerofoil section have been obtained of a fluid incident at various angles. The minimum value of VL/ν for unstead flow is found to fall from 60 at 0° incidence to 45 at 20°, and then more rapidly.

Measurements of the boundary layer characteristics and pressure distribution on axisymmetric bodies with and without a stern propelled in operation are used to verify new analytical techniques for computing the hydrodynamic interaction.


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Question: A Method of Component Discovery in Cloud Migration

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Cloud migration is an important means of software development on the cloud. The identification of reusable components of legacy systems directly determines the quality of cloud migration. The existed clustering algorithms do not consider the factor of relation types between classes, which affects the accuracy of clustering result. In this paper, the relation type information between classes is introduced in software clustering. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to cluster the module dependency graph with the relationship types (R-MDG). The experimental results show that the above method can effectively improve the quality of reusable components.

Introduction. LSA and Related Management Processes. Preparing LSA RFP and Contract Requirements. Executing the LSA Tasks. Modeling. Management.


Question:
represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about Fewshots:
'['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', 'Interactions between economic and environmental performance in companies']' == '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title.', 'Ever since environmental issues came on the agendas in the 1960ies the interaction between economy and environment has been of interest. In the beginning it was often stated that environmental measures should be “within reason” with respect to their economic and technical feasibility. Later the polluter pays principle was established. During the following years the knowledge of the interaction increased and several concepts and tools came into use such as Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Eco-efficiency. Several studies showed that there may also be benefits from environmental management in companies, especially for some types of firms. Decreased risks, decreased material costs, increased innovation and productivity are examples']' != '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title:', 'The identification and planning of tourism’s actual and perceived economic impacts in rural areas as destination community in accordance with the...']'

Question: Novel Devices for Delivering Diabetes Medications: Their Value and Some Coverage Considerations.

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To give you a sense - "['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Sudan is currently undergoing a crisis of catastrophic proportion. Often described as \'\'ethnic cleansing\'\' or \'\'genocide\'\', the situation is life threatening and unstable. Instigating factors of one of Africa\'s longest civil wars include religion, identity, ethnicity, and natural resources. Consequently, tension has accumulated over who is "in control" of the Sudanese conflict - the Sudanese government, the African Union, or the United Nations. International media has fixated on murders, rapes, starvation, refugees and displacement, political instability, foreign relations, and peace talks. Less attention has been focussed on social and environmental issues or cultural heritage and the implications of its destruction. Hence, this article will explore some of the impacts of a new development project on social and environmental matters, and cultural heritage sites in Sudan.']" should be close to "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Impacts of new development projects on Sudanese culture and heritage']"

Insurers should consider covering new drug-delivery devices that can improve outcomes while lowering disease-specific pharmacy and long-term overall health care costs. Managing these devices in the pharmacy benefit will consolidate volume-based purchasing and capitalize on PBM strategies for improving adherence.

How to Think About R&D Quality. Organizing for Quality in R&D. Measuring R&D Quality. Assessing R&D Quality Status. Intellectual Property Management Process Improvement. Implementing Quality in Research: A Case Example. Views and Lessons Learned at the Top. References. Index.


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Question: Growth control by cell to cell contact.

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Control of cell growth by cell to cell contact is reviewed with particular emphasis on two systems--contact inhibition of growth observed with Swiss 3T3 cells and the mitogenic stimulation of Schwann cells by dorsal root ganglia neurites. In both cases the biological effect can be reproduced by the addition of surface membranes to the corresponding cells. In the case of contact inhibition of 3T3 cells, biological activity appears to correlate with membrane binding to the cells. An octylglucoside extract of 3T3 plasma membranes retains the biological activity (growth inhibition) of the original membranes.

It is shown by following development that embryonic sheets undergo topological modifications.


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Question: Monitoring post-operative effects in day-surgery patients.

This study was undertaken in the day surgical unit to ascertain the morbidity following herniorrhaphy in adult patients. The results showed a reduction in recovery time of 50 minutes when bupivacaine hydrochloride was used. Interestingly, patients given diclofenac sodium and bupivacaine hydrochloride showed no difference in the pain experienced post-operatively from those given only bupivacaine hydrochloride.

represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title
Given ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Fresnel diffraction of a vortex infected beam (singular beam) is focused using a lens suffering from spherical aberration and defocusing. The resulting intensity distribution in the focal plane of the lens has been plotted and its features discussed for two values of the topological charge of the vortex and for three values of the Fresnel number.'], a positive would be ['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract.', 'Intensity distribution in the focal plane of a lens illuminated by Fresnel diffraction of a singular beam; Effect of spherical aberration and defocusing']

Background: the aim was to perform a cost analysis on directdata of integral medical care provided to BC patients prior tointroduction o...


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Question: Oscillations of delay difference equations in a critical state

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Consider the first-order delay difference equation ::: ::: ::: Δxn + ∑i=1m Pi(n)xn−ki = 0, n = 0,1,2,…, ::: ::: ::: in the case where lim infn→∞ Pi(n) = pi ≥ 0, ki > 0, i = 1,2,…. A necessary and sufficient condition for the oscillation of all solutions of the above equation is established in the critical state that the corresponding “limiting” equation ::: ::: ::: Δxn + ∑i=1m Pixn−ki = 0, n = 0,1,2,…, ::: ::: ::: admits a nonoscillatory solution. It is to be pointed out, that there is no result in this critical state for a delay difference equation with more than one delay argument.

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Quasi-linear perturbations of a two-dimensional flow with a first integral and the corresponding parabolic PDEs with a small parameter at the second-order derivatives are considered in this paper.


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Question: On the Influence of the Absence of the Organization of Peasants to the Rural Social Security System

Starting with the main living risks faced by Chinese peasants,this paper analyses the necessity and importance of establishing and improveing the social security system in rural areas.

Preface To Market, To Market...: The New Politics of Medical Care in Sweden Factors Underlying Recent Changes in the Swedish Medical Care System: Theoretical Considerations The Nature and Scope of This Study The Medical Care Crisis: What It Is, If It Is The Crisis in the Economy The Political Crisis Socioeconomic Trends, Ideology and Medical Care Reform Afterword Appendixes Glossary References Index


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Question: Contemporary Doctrine of Self-Defense in Outer Space Law

This paper analyses the contemporary law on self-defense contained in the UN Charter Article 51, as also in air and space law from the Chicago Convention of 1944 and the Outer Space Treaty of 1967. It takes into account the events of global terrorism ever since 9/11, 2001 attack in New York and its impact on global security and self-defense.

Foreword by Henry Warner Borden Introduction by John Kelsay Foundational Issues Historical Roots and Sources of the Just War Tradition in Western Culture by James Turner Johnson The Sources of Islamic Conceptions of War by Fred M. Donner The Western Moral Tradition on War: Christian Theology and Warfare by John Langan, S.J. The Religious Foundations of War, Peace, and Statecraft in Islam by Richard C. Martin Holy War "Holy War" Appeals and Western Christianity: A Reconsideration of Bainton's Approach by David Little Holy War (jihad) in Islamic Religion and Nation-State Ideologies by Bruce Lawrence International Law The International Law of War as Related to the Western Just War Tradition by William V. O'Brien War and Peace in the Islamic Tradition and International Law by Ann Elizabeth Mayer Select Bibliography Index


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Question: Management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. II. Beyond reperfusion.

The last issue of the Journal contains a continuing medical education article on reperfusion therapy in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and this article completes the sequence by discussing other aspects of the management of acute STEMI.

Background ::: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a new prognostic marker in coronary artery disease. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between PLR and in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction (AMI).


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Question: Analysis of Income Structure of Farmer （Herdsman） of the Tibet Autonomous Region

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Based on the sampling data this paper analyzes income structure of farmer (herdsman) of the Tibet Autonomous Region, including source, characteristics and cash. Situation of income structures and income sources of the farmers in different areas (agricultural, animal husbandry areas and half agricultural and half animal husbandry areas etc. )was approached. The following features were found through an analysis index of income is higher in the outskirt than it in rural, the index has a date in the poor households, they have no ability to resist and guard astandard in agricultural areas is better than in pastoral areas, it is the worst in half agriculture and half animal husbandry areas.

Objective: to Explore Effects of Different Physical Activity Levels on the Risk of Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged Teachers in Local Universities, and to Provide Empirical Reference for the Intervention of Physical Activity in Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged Teachers and the Improvement of Quality of Life. Methods :a Total of 103 Effective Data Were Measured, Aged From45 to 59,the International Physical Activity (Pa)Questionnaire Was Adopted to Define the Levels of Pa, High Physical Activity Level Group(Hg, n=19),Moderate Physical Activity Level Group(Mg, n=47),Low Physical Activity Level Group(Lg, n=37).the Indexes of Common Cardiovascular Diseases Such as Osteoporosis and Arteriosclerosis Were Tested,One-Way Anova Was Used to Investigate the Effects of Different Levels of Pa on Indicators of Chronic Diseases among This Group, Correlation Analysis between Osteoporosis Disease Risk Factors and Pa Was Analyzed by Spearman Correlation, Using Spss19.0 Software, and the Significance Level Was P


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Question: Log-periodic optical antennas with broadband directivity

Abstract Optical antennas offer unique possibilities for light manipulation on a sub-wavelength scale. Here, we study log-periodic antennas that exhibit broadband directivity as a result of the self-similar relation between the lengths, separations and widths of the elements. We show through numerical simulations that the log-periodic designs have a considerable potential for improvement of both directivity and operation bandwidth over classical Yagi–Uda designs. Moreover, the directivity is more robust against changes in the location of the source or detector at different antenna elements. We systematically study the influence of geometrical parameters on angular performance and local field enhancement to arrive at optimum values. Next, we demonstrate that introducing a gap in the dipole array architecture can provide at least a ten-fold enhancement of the emitted power. Finally we present an optical zigzag antenna capable of both broader spectral response and even higher directivity.

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We show the dispersion relation of high-contrast grating based vertical cavity can be altered by orders of magnitude by engineering the angular phase response. The results may benefit Purcell enhancement and strong coupling using the cavity.


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Question: Measuring urban concentration: a spatial cluster typology based on public and private sector service patterns

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The main objective of this paper is the definition of a methodological framework for the determination, analysis and cross-evaluation of urban clusters which are formulated within wider study areas, such as administrative regions. To this end, different methods and techniques are utilised, that stem from the fields of statistics and quantitative spatial analysis. The geographical delineation of urban clusters is mainly based on different types of variables, such as the demographic characteristics of the cities, the number of public and private sector services located in them, as well as the total length of the road network in the study area. Furthermore, a comparative urban concentration indicator (UCI) is devised, which reflects the role and the relative weight of every urban area in the study region as well as its spatial influence. Both the proposed methodological framework and the UCI are applied to the region of Thessaly, Greece.

ABSTRACTFirm locations are a determining factor in shaping low carbon transport futures due to their influence on mobility practices. This paper proposes a methodology for assessing workplace locations based on commuting-related CO2 emissions. The approach relies on accessibility in order to compromise validity and ease of use. Accessibility planning is increasingly acknowledged for enabling the development of sustainable land use and transport strategies, but has not been tailored to address the challenges of climate change so far. This application substitutes CO2 emissions from car and public transport for travel time, the traditionally used indicator of travel impedance in accessibility analysis. The methodology is applied to the recent relocations of a brewery and a tech company in the Munich region. Opposing relocation directions emphasize that different firms have different requirements regarding their location, where employee mobility might not be a determining factor. Four different spatial typolo...


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Question: Priority Guidelines Of The Service Sphere Development In Uzbekistan

The present research article is devoted to study the priorities of service sphere development in Uzbekistan. The comparative analysis of service sphere development during 1996-2009 were presented, survey of disperse territories, analysis and generalization methods used to identify trends in services sphere. Disperse markets were grouped into markets with high, medium and low development level. Retail trade is identified one of the most important components of service sphere in Uzbekistan. Retail turnover figures were predicted until 2013 used retrospective data for forecasting. Linear trend - trends of increase or decrease of index, visual analysis of time series dynamics(graphic presentation) were used to solve the studied problem. Main priorities and targets in service sphere in Uzbekistan and it’s role in economy were determined.

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MGH Guides. CD 824 Diagnostic Methods and Clinical Processes in Reading and Writing Disorders. Home.


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Question: Optical harmonics generation in low-temperature laser-produced plasmas

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"['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'The aluminum foil mesh samples were anodized in phosphoric acid solutions.The surface microstructure of aluminum foil mesh samples was observed and analyzed.The weather resistance of aluminum foil mesh conducting layer composite was analyzed,including seawater resistance,thermal fatigue resistance and thermal-oxidative aging. The results showed that a porous film was formed on the surface of the anodized foil mesh,and the bonding interface area of aluminum foil mesh and composite material increased.With the increase of seawater corrsion time,thermal fatigue resistance time and thermal-oxidative aging time,the shear strength of double-bonding of aluminum foil mesh conducting layer composite decreased.The anodized aluminum foil mesh had good weather resistance than the nonanodized one.']" == "['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Effect of Anodizing on Weather Resistance of Aluminum Foil Mesh Conducting Layer Composite']"

Abstract Results of odd harmonics generation (up to eleventh, λ = 96 nm) of laser radiation (λ = 1.054 nm, τ = 3 ps) in a low-temperature atmospheric plasma and a surface plasma in vacuum are reported. Maximum efficiency was achieved for third harmonics generation (η = 10−3). High-order harmonics generation and frequency conversion optimization depending on radiation and nonlinear media characteristics are considered.

The use of lasers in industrial material processing is discussed in reviews and reports. Sections are devoted to high-precision laser machining, deposition methods, ablation and polymers, and synthesis and oxidation. Particular attention is given to laser cutting of steel sheets, laser micromachining of material surfaces, process control in laser soldering, laser-induced CVD of doped Si stripes on SOS and their characterization by piezoresistivity measurements, laser CVD of Pt spots on glass, laser deposition of GaAs, UV-laser photoablation of polymers, ArF excimer-laser ablation of HgCdTe semiconductor, pulsed laser synthesis of Ti silicides and nitrides, the kinetics of laser-assisted oxidation of metallic films, and excimer-laser-assisted etching of solids for microelectronics.


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Question: Linkage disequilibrium between haplotypes and allelic incompatibilities detected with p49f, a probe located on the Y chromosome

We have analyzed linkage disequilibrium between haplotypes and allelic incompatibilities betweenTaqI RELPs concerning the probe 49f, located on the Y chromosome. For most (but one) observed haplotypes, discrepancies between observed and expected frequencies can be easily explained allowing a small number of incompatibilities beetween alleles.

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The X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) results in fatal infectious mononucleosis, hypogammaglobulinemia, and malignant lymphoma. The mutation has been mapped relative to several restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers in the X121-Xq27 vicinity. The DXS37 locus was found to be near both the DXS42 and XLP loci.


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Question: The Subjective Premise to Marx's Economic Criticism

It was based on the subjective principle for Marx to criticize the capitalistic economics.The subjective principle could also be explained as "human nature".Firstly,the subjective principle was exhibited itself as the "philosophy nature" of the economic criticism.Secondly,Marx's economic criticism includs the following three aspects: the criticism on the alien labor,private owned estate and commodity fetishism.As we could see,the subjective principle show itself in all the three aspects.

Acknowledgements.- Preface.- General overview of the book.- overview of the first chapter.- Chapter I. Theoretical Background and Starting Point. Overview of the Second Chapter.- Chapter II. The Theoretical Research Question.- Overview of the Third Chapter.- Chapter III. Epistemology-Oriented Analyses of Mathematical Interactions. Overview of the Fourth Chapter.- Chapter IV. Epistemological and Communicational Conditions of Interactive Mathematical Knowledge Constructions. Looking Back.- References.- Subject Index.- Index of Names.


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Question: Addition of Block Copolymers to Liposomes Prepared Using Soybean Lecithin. Effects on Formation, Stability and the Specific Localization of the Incorporated Surfactants Investigated

AbstractSoybean lecithin disperses into water forming multilamellar liposomes, which on sonication produce vesicles of the order of 40–50nm (diameter), as determined by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS). The effect of concentration of lecithin and sonication time was systematically investigated. Vesicles were then prepared by incorporation of A – B – A block copolymers of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polypropylene oxide(PPO), i.e.(PEO-PPO-PEO), in order to construct systems of increased steric stability. The effect of the molecular weight of the PEO and PPO chains on the vesicle size was systematically studied by using various molecules to prepare the vesicles. Initial addition of these (tri-)block copolymers causes an increase in the size of the vesicles. This increase continues until a certain concentration of block copolymer is reached, after which a decrease in size is observed. The initial increase was thought to be due to the incorporation of the block copolymer onto the vesicle bilayer. The red...

1. Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 2. Polymerization Processes Catalyzed by Immobilized Metal Complexes 3. Specific Features of Catalysis by Immobilized Metal Complexes 4. Activation of Small Stable Molecules and Development of Catalytic Reactions Through the Participation of Immobilized Complexes 5. Hydrogenation Processes Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Polymers


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Question: Hydrogen bonding in liquid methanol and ethanol determined by x‐ray diffraction

The x‐ray diffraction patterns of liquid methanol and ethanol have been measured at 20 °C. The data are analyzed to yield the molecular structures, and the distinct structure functions Hd(k) are analyzed to obtain the hydrogen bonding in these alcohols. The data show clearly that hydrogen‐bonded hydroxyl groups occur in methanol and ethanol with an OH⋅⋅⋅OH distance of 2.8A, and that each hydroxyl group has 1.8±0.1 nearest neighbors at this distance.

Photochemical behavior of platinum(II) sulfoxide-containing complexes in methyl chloride was studied by polarimetry and 1H NMR spectroscopy.


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Question: Steady state bifurcation analysis of reaction-diffusion equations-A critique

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This note supplies missing details and corrects some mathematical errors in the recent significant paper by Auchmuty and Nicolis (1975).

This work concerns the controllability of a nonlinear chemotaxis system.By the combination of linearization and the Kakutani's fixed point theorem,we prove the local controllability of the nonlinear parabolic-elliptic system.This approach is appropriate for the proof of controllability of the chemotaxis system and it is applicable for other types of parabolic-elliptic systems.


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Question: Representation of Magnetic Coupling in Distribution System Feeders Using BW/FW

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This letter presents a new method for representing the mutual coupling between feeders or sections of feeders in distribution systems using a backward/forward sweep method. Two distribution systems with magnetic coupling between the feeders are used to test the method and to show the impact of mutual coupling between feeders. Features of computational convergence are also analyzed.

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To give you a sense - "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'The everyday use of hydrogen in the transport sector requires high safety standards. Safety requirements must be addressed as a key issue for fuel cell car development. Therefore, it becomes crucial to have experimental data on hand in order to provide realistic and reliable risk assessment and to be able to really know the extent of safety margins taken. In such a context, the National Institute of Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS) along with the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), the French automotive manufacturer PSA PEUGEOT CITROEN and the research Institute on unstable phenomena (IRPHE) recently started a research programme entitled DRIVE. This programme aims at providing experimental and numerical results for the safe design of hydrogen vehicles. Fields of investigation cover the whole range of phenomena that can be encountered in hydrogen accidents, from leakage to dispersion, ignition and finally combustion. The work programme and early results are presented in this article.']" should be close to "['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Presentation of the French national project DRIVE: Experimental Data for the Evaluation of hydrogen Risks onboard vehicles, the Validation of numerical tools and the Edition of guidelines']"

These invited talks discuss the following: STG Decomposition and Its Correctness; Asynchronous Network-On-Chip and its Potential.


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Question: GLOBAL EXISTENCE AND EXPONENTIAL STABILITY OF SMOOTH SOLUTIONS TO A MULTIDIMENSIONAL NONISENTROPIC EULER-POISSON EQUATIONS

The global existence and large time behavior of smooth solutions to multidimensional nonisentropic Euler-Poisson equations are established.

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SEVERAL ASPECTS, BOTH PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL, OF THE WAY TO OBTAIN INTEGRAL AND INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SUSPENSION BRIDGE PROBLEMS ARE ANALYSED. BOTH THE CASE OF EQUAL LOADING ON THE CABLES AND TORSION EFFECTS ARE DEALT WITH, EMPHASIZING THE CONVENIENCE OF THE APPROACH FOR DIGITAL COMPUTER CALCULATION. APPLICATION IS MADE TO THE CASE OF A SUSPENSION BRIDGE WITH A CONSTANT OR VARIABLE RIGIDITY STIFFENING TRUSS. /RRL/A/


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Question: Triangle listing in massive networks

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Triangle listing is one of the fundamental algorithmic problems whose solution has numerous applications especially in the analysis of complex networks, such as the computation of clustering coefficients, transitivity, triangular connectivity, trusses, etc. Existing algorithms for triangle listing are mainly in-memory algorithms, whose performance cannot scale with the massive volume of today's fast growing networks. When the input graph cannot fit in main memory, triangle listing requires random disk accesses that can incur prohibitively huge I/O cost. Some streaming, semistreaming, and sampling algorithms have been proposed but these are approximation algorithms. We propose an I/O-efficient algorithm for triangle listing. Our algorithm is exact and avoids random disk access. Our results show that our algorithm is scalable and outperforms the state-of-the-art in-memory and local triangle estimation algorithms.

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"['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effects of sepia ink extract on oxidative damage of cardiac muscle and brain tissue in mice.METHODS Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group,model group,low-dose group and high-dose group.Model animals were established with abdominal injection of cyclophosphamide.Contents of MDA,SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in cardiac muscle and brain tissue and contents of MDA,SOD in sera were determined.RESULTS Cyclophosphamide incoordinately changed the contents of MDA,SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in cardiac muscle,brain tissue and the contents of MDA,SOD in sera(P0.01 or P0.05).Compared with model group,sepia ink extract at suitable concentration could ameliorate significantly the changes of parameters induced by cyclophosphamide(P0.01 or P0.05),whereas,the high concentration of sepia ink extract had no obvious effect on the changes.CONCLUSION Sepia ink extract at certain concentration can protect cardiac muscle and brain tissue in mice from oxidative damage induced by cyclophosphamide.']" == "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Study of Sepia Ink Extract on Protection from Oxidative Damage of Cardiac Muscle and Brain Tissue in Mice']"

Group 5's collection of small collectrions Placeholder Description for the Liberal Arts Collection


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Question: The representation of chivalry in The Knight's Tale

The purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent the contemporaneous state of chivalry has influenced Chaucer's Knight in his literary endeavor. First I analyze the Knight's personality, which evinces his militant and nonconformist nature: as opposed to the majority of knights, Chaucer's Knight, in an attempt to uphold the ideal of chivalry, is engaged in religious campaigns, while he refrains from taking part in the Hundred Years War. To his eyes this is an immoral war among Christians which is mainly motivated by the lucrative desires of the so-called nobles.

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The works of Gabriel Garcia Marquez attracts the interest of both historians and literary critics as his fiction has helped bring greater exposure of Latin American culture to the rest of the world. Editor Harold Bloom cites the literary origins of Marquez as being 'Faulkner, crossed by Kafka.' The Colombian writer and Nobel Prize winner's best-known works, including "One Hundred Years of Solitude", "Love in the Time of Cholera", and "The General in His Labyrinth", are explored in-depth in this indispensable resource. Students of literature will find tips for writing effective essays on Marquez and his works.


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Question: New soft tissue filler derived from autologous keratin and fibroblast for neck wrinkles

OBJECTIVE ::: To assess the effectiveness of injection of autologous keratin gel and fibroblast for neck aging as soft tissue filler. ::: ::: ::: MATERIALS AND METHODS ::: Totally 30 volunteers received treatment of autologous keratin and fibroblast for neck wrinkles and 5 of them received hyaluronic acid (HA) treatment as control. Clinical features of the volunteers were collected at 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24th months after treatment. The volunteers were independently assessed using Lemperle's methods at different time points. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: The neck wrinkles ameliorated observably and no severe complications were reported after treatment. The effect and maintain time of autologous keratin and fibroblast were better than HA control. ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSION ::: Autologous keratin and fibroblast as soft tissue filler is an effective treatment option for neck rejuvenation with long-term efficacy for reversing of skin aging.

Abstract The prevention of peritendinous adhesions after zone II flexor tendon repair poses a significant challenge to hand surgeons. Exogenous hyaluronic acid (HA) has been widely studied and has been found to promote tendon healing and decrease adhesion formation in digital flexor tendons following surgery. However, the clinical application of exogenous HA is restricted due to limitations inherent in the exogenously expressed form. However, hyaluronic acid synthase 2 ( has2 ) has been shown to promote synthesis of the endogenous high molecular weight HA in many cells. Taken together with the fact that synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) are more proliferative than other MSCs, we hypothesize that over-expression of has2 in SMSCs will be an effective therapeutic in preventing the adhesions in surgery of the digital flexor tendons.


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Question: [Intestinal tuberculosis, a difficult suspected diagnosis].

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Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is an always difficult clinical diagnosis; we must keep in mind it in the diagnosis of patients with abdominal pain, even without concomitant lung involvement. Seven patients with ITB were revised. Five patients were male and two female, with a mean age of 45 years; all of them presented abdominal pain. Ileocecal region was involved in 71.4% of the cases. Only one patient showed old specific pulmonary lesions radiologically. Neoplasia was the most frequent clinical presumption. ITB diagnosis was made only in one case, as first possibility. Histopathological examination revealed caseous granulomas in all the cases, with acid-alcohol resistant bacilli in 71.4% of them. We want to underline the need of thinking about ITB, in the clinical evaluation of in specific abdominal pain, above all in immunosuppressed patients, and to emphasize the importance of histopathologic findings in the final diagnosis of this entity.

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Abstract:Achalasia is a common adult disorder that rarely manifests in children and infrequently can be associated with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. We describe here the first case of Mycobacterium goodii pulmonary infection associated with achalasia in a pediatric patient. Hell


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Question: Karen Gershon: Stranger from the Kindertransport

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For instance, <<['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', "ill Clinton's Presidential Party Leadership: A Preliminary Assessment Harold F. Bass, Jr. Department of Political Science Ouachita Baptist University Arkadelphia, Arkansas INSTITUTE OF I STO.OfP Working Paper FEB 1 0 1994 UNlVERSiTY 0 = JJALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENTAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY"]>>  to "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about.', "Bill Clinton's presidential party leadership : a preliminary assessment"]"

Like so many Kinder, Karen Gershon lost both her parents in the Holocaust and recounts the burdens of loss as the primary shaping force in her life and writing. As she comments in her video, Stranger in a Strange Land, ‘I don’t want to be reconciled, to put [the Holocaust past] aside. I want it with me.’ Born Kaethe Loewenthal to a middle-class family in Bielefeld, Germany, on 29 August 1923, Gershon was the youngest of three daughters. A month after Kristallnacht, in December 1938, their parents sent Kaethe and her next older sister Lise on the Kindertransport. The oldest, Anne, who also came to England, died of anemia in 1943. In a gesture of assimilation to British culture, Kaethe changed her name to Karen but chose Gershon for her surname since its translation of her father’s name into Hebrew reinforced her identification with Jewish tradition while its meaning, stranger in a strange land, noted the Jews’ historical identity.

The Child The Budding Body Sex and Its Uses Child-Love The Gentle Child The Wonder Child in Never Land The Paedophile Reader Reading Events To Have and To Hold - Our Own Child Loving.


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Question: An Electrothermal Coupling Numerical Method with SAI Preconditioner

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In this work, a FEM-based algorithm for calculating the electrothermal coupling process with the Sparse Approximate Inverse Preconditioner (SAI) for the problem of not convergence or slow converfence is presented. Firstly, electrothermal coupling problems are analyzed and corresponding coupling equations are presented. Secondly, some no convergence situations are discussed. Then, treatments for Applying SAI are proposed. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to validate the efficiency of this algorithm.

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Summaries of research accomplished are given for the following areas: Morphological (Diffusional) Stability; A New Algorithm for Numerical Modeling of Non-equilibrium Materials Behavior; A Unified Treatment of Single and Microcrystalline Film Edge Instabilities; and Validation of the Structure Based Grain Boundary Diffusion/Migration Model.


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Question: Negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries, and lithium ion secondary battery

Provided is a negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries, which enables the production of a lithium ion secondary battery having high capacity. A negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries, which comprises a base and silicon nanoparticles formed on the surface of the base. The base comprises a base for amorphous carbon layer formation and an amorphous carbon layer that is formed on the surface of the base for amorphous carbon layer formation. The base for amorphous carbon layer formation is configured of an active material that is capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions. The silicon nanoparticles are bonded to the carbon base through the amorphous carbon layer.

Provided are: an electrolyte solution that is for a sodium ion secondary battery, that comprises a sodium salt and a non-aqueous solvent, that has sodium ion conductivity, in which the non-aqueous solvent contains a fluorinated phosphoric acid ester and propylene carbonate, and in which the content of the fluorinated phosphoric acid ester within the non-aqueous solvent is 5-50 mass%; and a sodium ion secondary battery containing the electrolyte solution for a sodium ion secondary battery.


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Question: DNA purification by polycarbonate filters.

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Organic solvent free procedures are described for the purification of mammalian DNA from rat liver, kidney, spleen, lung and brain. The basis of the purification procedures are the use of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and inert polycarbonate filters with 2 mcm pores which retain long macromolecules such as DNA while allowing other cellular constitutents to pass through the pores. Neither proteinase K nor use of peristaltic pumps were found to be absolutely required for DNA purification, although it is desirable to use peristaltic pumps to control solution flow rates

The present invention belongs to the field of protein purification, relates to a method for purifying growth factor (rhEGF) a recombinant human epidermal, the supernatant containing the rhEGF sequentially through Ni Sepharose affinity chromatography, Source 15RPC reversed phase chromatography, Source30Q ion exchange chromatography gave high activity, high purity protein rhEGF. The present invention employs the inventive Ni Sepharose affinity chromatography purification tag HIS free native structure of recombinant human epidermal growth factor protein, simple process, activity yield and ease of production and the like enlarged scale.


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Question: Membrane Tension and the Charge State of Cells

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Many of the ways that cells talk and listen to the external world center on the presence of proteins on the cell surface. Indeed, the cell membrane is an amazingly diverse lipid environment, riddled in turn with a host of different proteins that perform tasks ranging from sensing and measuring chemical signals to the transport of sugars needed for cell division to the detection of potentially lethal osmotic pressures. This talk will focus on recent progress in the dissection of the mechanisms of mechanosensation in bacteria with special reference to the rich interplay between certain classes of ion channels and the surrounding lipids and how that interplay sculpts the response of bacteria to osmotic insults.

Foreword - Philip K. Maini List of Figures List of Notation Introduction and Outline On the Origin of Patterns Mathematical Modeling of Biological Pattern Formation Cellular Automata Random Movement Growth Processes Adhesive Cell Interaction Alignment and Cellular Swarming Pigment Cell Pattern Formation Tissue and Tumor Development Turing Patterns and Excitable Media Discussion and Outlook Appendix A. Growth Processes: A Mean-Field Equation Appendix B. Turing Patterns Appendix C. Excitable Media: Complete Interaction Rule Appendix D. Isotropy, Lattices, and Tensors References Index


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Question: An approximate method to check the strength of double bottom structure of bulk carriers when carrying steel coils

The report presents a simplified method for control of the strength of inner bottom longitudinals, collar plates, vertical stiffeners and welding joints between these structural components. It can be used in the initial design stage or in a case where no FEM calculations are available.

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Generalized method for determining dynamic response and stability of pier subjected to lateral impact of mooring ships anywhere along its length; it is shown that lateral motions increase and accelerations decrease as gravity loading on pier increases.


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Question: Completeness and robustness properties of min-wise independent permutations

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We provide several new results related to the concept of min-wise independence. Our main result is that any randomized sampling scheme for the relative intersection of sets based on testing equality of samples yields an equivalent min-wise independent family. Thus, in a certain sense, min-wise independent families are complete for this type of estimation. We also discuss the notion of robustness, a concept extending min-wise independence to allow more efficient use of it in practice. A surprising result arising from our consideration of robustness is that under a random permutation from a min-wise independent family, any element of a fixed set has an equal chance to get any rank in the image of the set, not only the minimum as required by definition.

In feature selection, a search problem of finding a subset of features from a given set of measurements has been of interest for a long time. However, unsupervised methods are scarce. Examples of unsupervised methods include using the variance of data collected for each feature, or the projection of the feature on the first principal component. Another unsupervised criterion, based on SVD-entropy (Singular Value Decomposition), selects a feature according to its contribution to the entropy (CE) calculated on a leave-one-out basis. Based on this criterion, this paper proposes an adaptive floating search feature selection method (AFS) with flexible backtracking capabilities. Features thus selected are evaluated using K-Means clustering algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs better in selecting an optimal size of the relevant feature set.


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Question: A Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for the Permutation Flowshop Scheduling Problem

This paper introduces a new hybrid algorithmic nature inspired approach based on Particle Swarm Optimization, for successfully solving one of the most computationally complex problems, the Permutation Flowshop Scheduling Problem. The Permutation Flowshop Scheduling Problem (PFSP) belongs to the class of combinatorial optimization problems characterized as NP-hard and, thus, heuristic and metaheuristic techniques have been used in order to find high quality solutions in reasonable computational time. The proposed algorithm for the solution of the PFSP, the Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HybPSO), combines a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm, the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) Strategy and a Path Relinking (PR) Strategy. In order to test the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed method we use a set of benchmark instances of different sizes.

Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: Method and system for incrementally moving teeth

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A system for repositioning teeth comprises a plurality of individual appliances. The appliances are configured to be placed successively on the patient's teeth and to incrementally reposition the teeth from an initial tooth arrangement, through a plurality of intermediate tooth arrangements, and to a final tooth arrangement. The system of appliances is usually configured at the outset of treatment so that the patient may progress through treatment without the need to have the treating professional perform each successive step in the procedure.

The present techniques generally relate to apparatus and methods for providing programmable currents for correlated electron switches.


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Question: Influence of Progressive Failure on Slope Stabilities

Analytical evidence is presented on the effect of cracking on the slope stability of idealized embankment-foundation sections. The embankment boundary had a circular shape and the bounded mass was homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly elastic. The technique of conformal mapping was the key to calculation of elastic stresses induced by body forces. Various combinations of parameters were applied to represent peak and residual shear strength conditions along the cracked and uncracked portions of the critical surface. The factor of safety against slope instability varies considerably with the degree of development of the crack. Full crack development yields the minimum value for progression from toe to crest. However, partial development of the discontinuity is the least safe state when the direction of development is from crest to toe. The findings seem significant, not only for slope stability, but for all problems involving a potential for progressive failures.

Wind Characteristics: Strong Winds and Tropical Cyclones. Wind Characteristics: Long Term Wind Statistics. Wind Loading of Tall Buildings. Wind Loading of Low Rise Structures. Instrumentation and Experimental Techniques for Wind Loading. Safety and Risk: Wind Codes Low Rise Building Wind Resistant Design. Wind Loading of Chimneys and Cooling Towers. Wind Loading of Bridges. Wind Loading of Cables and Transmission Lines. Wind Loading of Towers and Offshore Platforms. Fundamentals of Bluff Body Aerodynamics. Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Mathematical Models of Wind Loading. Internal Pressures, Natural Ventilation and Heat Losses Due to Wind. Topographic Modelling, Dispersion of Gaseous Pollutants. Wind Environment and Shelter. Wind Characteristics: Structure and Statistics. Wind Characteristics: Flow Over Hills and Ridges. Wind Power Systems. Appendices.


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Question: Taylor stability of viscous fluids with application to film boiling

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Fewshot example: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'We have fabricated a bandgap-guiding hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) capable of transmitting and compressing ultrashort pulses in the green spectral region around 532 nm. When propagating subpicosecond pulses through 1 m of this fiber, we have observed soliton-effect temporal compression by up to a factor of 3 to around 100 fs. This reduces the wavelength at which soliton effects have been observed in hollow-core PCF by over 200 nm. We have used the pulses delivered at the output of the fiber to machine micrometer-scale features in copper.']" == "['Represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Ultrashort pulse compression and delivery in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber at 540 nm wavelength.']"

Abstract The dispersion relation is evaluated numerically for Taylor waves in a viscous unstable interface with surface tension. The solution takes account of transverse curvature and the numerical evaluations apply to horizontal cylindrical, as well as to plane, interfaces. The result is verified with frequency and wavelength data obtained during film boiling on horizontal wires. A Very general empirical correlation is given, en passant, for the vapor blanket thickness during film boiling.

A method of numerical solution of nonsteady two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in regions with curvilinear moving boundaries is proposed. As an example, the solution of the problem of melting with convection in the liquid phase is presented.


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Question: Femoral neuropathy resulting from acetabular cement extrusion - A case report.

Acetabular extrusion of cement during total hip arthroplasty is a well-recognised occurrence. We report a case of femoral neuropathy secondary to an extruded cement mass nine years after primary cemented total hip arthroplasty. Removal of the cement resulted in resolution of the patients symptoms. (Hip International 2005; 15: 182-3).

Summary A case reported with the clinical and radiological features of Madelung's deformity, in which the additional complication of tendon rupture was found.


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Question: Minimum Terminal Energy Optimizations of Hypersonic Vehicles Using Indirect Methods

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In this investigation, relevant aerospace problems of interest that involve solutions with minimum terminal energies are solved using indirect methods. The required considerations to solve this class of problems is discussed, and the solutions verify that the phugoiding trajectories of high energy systems satisfy the necessary conditions of optimality. An example footprint analysis and boost-glide reconnaissance application demonstrate the quality of solutions obtained using the indirect methodology. Comparisons with a modern trajectory optimization tool, DIDO, validate the indirect optimization framework used to construct solutions in this investigation.

Design of an Isolated Airfoil in an Ideal Incompressible Fluid. Account of Compressibility and Viscosity. Airfoil Design for a Given Range of Angels of Attack. Design of Mechanized Airfoils and Airfoils with Permeable Contour. Design Problems for Airfoils with Partially Given Contour. Airfoil Cascade Design. Aerohydrodynamically Reasonable Velocity Distributions. Regularization and Optimization in Inverse Boundary Value Problems of Hydrodynamics.


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Question: Temperature and pressure dependences of volumetric properties of two poly(propylene glycol) dimethyl ether lubricants

Abstract The densities at high pressures of two dimethoxy end-capped poly(propylene glycols), CH 3 –O–[CH 2 –CH(CH 3 )–O] m –CH 3 , with average molar masses higher than 1300 g · mol −1 , were measured in the range (0.1 to 60) MPa at five different temperatures from (298.15 to 398.15) K. The measurements were performed in a high-pressure vibrating tube densimeter. A correction factor, due to the viscosity of the sample, was applied to the experimental density values. The pressure–volume–temperature behavior of these lubricants was evaluated accurately over wide temperature and pressure ranges and correlated successfully with the empirical Tammann–Tait equation. The experimental data and the correlations were used to study the behavior and the influence of temperature and pressure on the isothermal compressibility, the isobaric thermal expansivity, and the internal pressure, as well as the effect of the polyether molecular structure on these properties.

1,3-Dibutylimidazolium bromide was soaked into a polymer network prepared by condensation of 4-4′-diaminoazobenzene, pyromellitic dianhydride and 1,3,5-tri(4-aminophenyl)benzene to form photoresponsive ion conductive gels.


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Question: Method of display images with metameric jamming to prevent illegal copy

The invention three to primary color group on the method of displaying an image using four or more primaries having different spectral distributions that are distributed, at time color space, any source color belonging to the same group are the conditions with the same visual color orange It denotes a. Each image consists of three primary colors are obtained from a combination of images, each of the primary color images are spatially is associated with each visual color of a group, the different primaries of each group over the associated primary color images and a group or sequential with the following distribution, and allows for efficient replication protection based on metamerism screen of images without any additional video processing.

By means of ploting and marking grids, the marked areas are operated with mathematical morphology, thus actualizing fast localization for car license plate in image.


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Question: New ‘High Streets’ in the Suburbs? the growing competitive impact of evolving retail parks

Abstract Following the emergence of retail parks in the late 1970s in Britain, they have grown in number, scale and degree of retail specialisation. Some continue to form concentrations offering primarily ‘bulky goods’ shopping, while others have diversified to offer traditional ‘high street’ functions from stores indistinguishable from their town and city centre equivalents. Consequently, in some cases the emergence of new ‘high streets’ in the suburbs can be posited. In view of the potential impact such developments might have on traditional shopping centres, this study reviews the development of retail parks in Britain in recent years, and examines the commercial impact of a retail park in the process of transition towards a suburban ‘high street’. Evidence from surveys in 2003 and 2004 of the Fforestfach Retail Park in the greater Swansea area indicates that the transition towards a suburban ‘high street’ is beginning to impact significantly on traditional shopping centres of all types. It was evident...

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Responses sought to student research survey about understanding of and attitudes towards sustainable development at Leeds


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Question: [Effect of axoplasmic flow elimination and denervation on the contents of protein, nucleic acids and glycogen in rat muscle].

Disturbance of the axoplasmic flow was evoked by ligation of the sciatic nerve with a silk thread moistened with 0.05 solution of colchicine (exposition for 30 s). No intoxication was observed in the animals, the motor function of the operated extremety was preserved. Two weeks after elimination of the axoplasmic flow practically the same changes in the content of contractile and sarcoplasmic proteins, glycogen, DNA and RNA were observed in musculi gastrocnemius as with surgical denervation. The data obtained evidence for an important role of the axoplasmic flow to maintain the normal metabolism in muscles.

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Microtubules from pancreas have been isolated and estimated. It was found that rats fed with lysine and threonine deficient diet have profoundly lowered levels of microtubules as compared to rats fed either with lysine and threonine supplemented diet or a casein diet at 20% protein level, implicating the role of dietary protein in microtubule assembly. Levels of microtubules in turn may influence the turnover of phosphatidyl inositol as well as release of insulin from pancreas.


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Question: Determination of Analgin by Fe~(3+)-DMA(Diantipyryl Methane) Chromogenic Method

Oxidation-reduction reaction occurs between analgin and Fe3+,and Fe3+reacts with the chromogenic agent diantipyryl methane(DAM)to form complexes with wine-red color,thus making available indirect determination of analgin in 451nm with spectrophotometer.The effect of various factors on the chromogenic reaction is investigated in detail in this paper.The results show that the reaction is carried out at room temperature and the absorption of system is stable.Beer's law is obeyed in the analgin concentration range of 0—25μg/mL,and the linear regression equation isΔA=0.018 5ρ(μg/mL)+0.010 6with correlation coefficient R=0.998 3.According to the optimum condition of this experiment,the analysis method is studied for the determination of analgin in the metamizole sodium tablets and injection with satisfactory results,and the recovery rate is 100.2%—100.8%.

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Iodopentacyanocobaltate(III) oxidatively quenches excited ::: state tetrakis(µ-pyrophosphito)diplatinate(II) tetraanion ::: via iodine atom transfer.


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Question: Identification of the heparin-binding domain of TNF-alpha and its use for efficient TNF-alpha purification by heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography.

The N-terminus of the trimeric TNF-alpha molecule comprises two basic arginines within the short amino-acid sequence VRSSSR, which is here shown to be essential for binding of TNF-alpha to heparin-Sepharose. Mixed trimers containing full-length and DeltaN6-truncated subunits revealed a single VRSSSR sequence to be sufficient to achieve binding. On the basis of this newly identified heparin-binding domain, a new method for efficient purification of TNF-alpha is described. Affinity chromatography on heparin-Sepharose was introduced as a key step for highly purified TNF-alpha at a high yield. With minor modifications, this procedure can be used for TNF-alpha analogues that have full-length N-termini, as shown for the less toxic analogue LK-805.

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Abstract The complete purification of renin raises difficult problems due to its extremely low concentration in kidney (less than 1/50, 000 of total proteins). The complete purification of hog kidney renin has been realized on a large scale, starting from 300 kg of fresh hog kidneys. 14.6 mg of pure renin were obtained with an overall yield of 4 %. The purification procedure involved 14 steps. The enzyme was extracted at pH 3.5. Subsequent purification steps were performed in the presence of protease inhibitors to decrease renin proteolysis. These steps included an ammonium sulfate precipitation and a batch-chromato-graphy on DEAE-cellulose. The major purification step was an affinity chromatography on Sepharose-hexamethylene-diamino-pepstatin. The enzyme obtained was further purified by molecular sieving gel filtration and isoelectric focusing.


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Question: Contactless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Battery Charger

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A contactless power transfer system is desirable for the recharging of electric vehicles (EVs). Transformers with single-sided windings have been popular; however, transformers with double-sided windings are expected to be more compact and lightweight. A contactless power transfer system for EVs must have high efficiency, a large air gap, good tolerance to misalignment and be compact and lightweight. A novel transformer was developed using series and parallel capacitors with rectangular cores and double-sided windings to satisfy these criteria, and its characteristics are described. An output power of 1.5 kW and efficiency of 95% was achieved in the normal position. The characteristics of the system when a charge control circuit and lead acid batteries are connected to the secondary winding are also presented Copyright Form of EVS25.

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Biomaterials * Optical Components * Construction Materials * Nuclear Waste Containment * Ceramic Superconductors * Archeologically Significant Articles.


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Question: Determination of diclofop-methyl and diclofop residues in soil and crops by gas chromatography.

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A method is described for the determination of residues of the herbicide diclofop-methyl and its metabolite, diclofop, in soil and crops. The residues were extracted with acetone-light petroleum and extracts were concentrated (diclofop was derivatized to its pentafluorobenzyl derivative), and then the products were purified on a chromatographic column containing alumina, silver-alumina and Florisil. Finally, they were determined by gas chromatography using an electron-capture detector. The detection limits of diclofop-methyl and diclofop were between 0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg. The average recoveries were 76.4-97.2% and 72.8-105.2%, respectively, making the method suitable for statutory residue testing purposes.

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The influence of alcohol, ascorbic acid, phenol and thiocyanic acid on the formation of N-nitrosochlordiazepoxide from chlordiazepoxide and nitrous acid was investigated by means of high-performance liquid chromatography.


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Question: A concise synthesis of a highly functionalized C-aryl taxol analog by an intramolecular Heck olefination reaction

Abstract A palladium(0) catalyzed intramolecular Heck olefination used to establish the C 10 C 11 connection in a highly functionalized taxane analog is described.

Selenapenams, selenacephems, and selenazepines were synthesized using a 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl (TSE) protection approach in an extremely simple way. TSE protection for selenium is used for the first time in the synthesis of selenium-containing beta-lactam. Novel intramolecular cycloaddition reaction of selenium with alkynes and allenes is used in the present synthesis.


Question: represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract E.g. given '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract:', 'The nature of complex communication system']' it should be close to '['represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Little is yet known regarding structured or patterned interaction in complex communication systems. Conceptualizing complexity of communication systems as “organized complexity” in time, this study analyzed a variety of communication systems at multiple levels of complexity. Results indicate that the amount of structure contributed by increasing levels of complexity varied from one analytical system to another. The triple interact was the most appropriate level of analysis for two systems, the double interact was appropriate for another, and the act most appropriate for two other systems.']' but not to '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The theory of anchored narratives proof by narrative only the quality of anchors investigation and proof confessions identification witnesses expert testimony defense tactics selection of evidence.']'.

Question: Identification of specific intrinsic liver clearance from a precision-cut liver-slice experiment

A model describing metabolism experiments with precision-cut liver-slices incubated in a culture medium is developed. Formal mathematical techniques are presented that solve the problem of identifying the specific intrinsic liver clearance from the experimental data. The formal solution is discussed from the perspective of experimental practice. A necessary condition for identification is sampling parent compound in slice or culture medium. However, sampling parent compound in slice and additionally metabolite pooled from medium and slice is required by experimental limitations. Moreover it appears that identification is unreliable when the value of the slice's intrinsic clearance exceeds the diffusion rate of transport of the parent compound from the culture medium to the slice, a condition to be verified only afterwards.

Purpose ::: This study characterized 99mTc-Mebrofenin (MEB) and 99mTc-Sestamibi (MIBI) hepatic transport and preferential efflux routes (canalicular vs. basolateral) in rat and human sandwich-cultured hepatocytes (SCH).


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Question: Risk factors for infection after orthopaedic spine surgery at a high-volume institution.

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Abstract Surgical site infections are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization. To identify risk factors for infection, the authors reviewed all orthopaedic spine operations at Duke University Medical Center from 2005 to 2010. Of the 3138 patients treated during the study period, 115 developed a surgical site infection (3.7%). Demographics, comorbidities, and perioperative blood glucose levels were analyzed in the infected and uninfected cohorts. History of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, renal disease, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and diabetes mellitus (DM) were associated with a higher risk of infection. Notably, a diagnosis of DM nearly doubled the risk of infection. Even in patients without DM, perioperative blood glucose levels greater than 140 mg/dL doubled the risk of infection. The authors propose that strict blood glucose control in both DM and non-DM patients may significantly reduce the risk of infection after spinal surgery.

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of preoperative bisphosphonate treatment on the intra- and postoperative outcomes of arthroplasty of the shoulder. The hypothesis was that ...


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Question: Transverse compression of two-photon wave packets

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A method for generating two-photon wave packets (biphotons) with a small width of the spatial intensity correlation function (correlation radius) has been considered. We propose to prepare a two-photon wave packet inhomogeneously broadened in the angle by means of spontaneous parametric down-conversion in an inhomogeneous crystal. Such biphotons are not diffraction limited; i.e., their correlation radius is much larger than the inverse width of the spatial spectrum. However, the correlation radius of such a biphoton decreases as the biphoton propagates in free space, and transverse compression occurs at a certain distance from the crystal; i.e., the biphoton becomes diffraction limited.

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In this chapter, we change to another research direction of manipulating single hard x-ray photon via magnetically controlling nuclear dynamics.


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Question: Evidence for isovector giant resonances at 2

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We identify two electric isovector giant resonances at {ital E}{sub {ital x}}=28 and 33 MeV in {sup 12}C, and at {ital E}{sub {ital x}}=27 and 31 MeV in {sup 28}Si, distinguishing them from a continuum background in the ({sup 7}Li,{sup 7}Be) reaction at {ital E}{sub {ital L}}=26 MeV/nucleon and {theta}{sub {ital L}}=0{degree}. The shape of the underlying continuum is determined from a comparison of {Delta}{ital S}=0 and {Delta}{ital S}=1 energy spectra deduced with a {sup 7}Be-{gamma} coincidence method. The excitation energies of these resonances are consistent with those of the isovector giant quadrupole and monopole resonances previously observed by the electron scattering and the ({pi}{sup {plus minus}},{pi}{sup 0}) reaction, respectively, though the widths presently observed are much narrower.

Abstract High-spin states of 118 Xe have been investigated by means of γ-ray spectroscopy using the 92 Mo( 29 Si,2pn) reaction at a bombarding energy of 110 MeV. Several new side bands as well as the yrast band were established. The first band crossings both in the yrast sequence and in the even-spin sequence of the γ-band were observed at ħω c = 0.39 MeV and ħω c = 0.31 MeV respectively. The γ-dependent cranked shell-model calculation was performed to interpret the band crossing in the γ-band.


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Question: Transition metal-catalyzed hydrogen transfer processes

The first part describes the synthesis of new analogues of Backvall’s catalyst with varying electronic properties and their application in the racemization of sec-alcohols. The racemization involve ...

The in situ formation of benzynes and iminophosphoranes is followed by a cyclization/hydrolysis/air oxidation.


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Question: Intrauterine dwarfism, peculiar facies and thin bones with multiple fractures —A new syndrome

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Three newborns with thin ribs and thin long bones with multiple fractures are reported. Whereas one patient presents a syndromic association of bone dysplasia and intrauterine dwarfism two other patients cannot be appropriately evaluated due to lack of basic clinical and pathologic data.

A diagnosis of KBG syndrome was made in six unrelated patients. They presented with slight mental retardation, macrodontia, and skeletal abnormalities. Microcephaly, short stature, facial anomalies, and syndactylies were also noted. The diagnostic criteria of the KBG syndrome are discussed


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Question: The circulate property of generator matrices of protograph LDPC codes

The LDPC application involves the problem: encoding complexity. Since the generator matrices are dense and with random positions of "1s", the encoder needs to store every "1" of the generator matrices by using huge chip area. To solve problem, we need to design the LDPC codes with block cyclic generator matrices. This paper reveals that the protograph LDPC codes can have lower encoding complexity under the condition of the proposed theorem that the parity check matrices of the LDPC codes are nonsingular and circulate. The circulate property of generator matrix of protograph LDPC codes can be obtained from the quasi-cyclic parity check matrix of protograph LDPC codes. Thus it can reduce the encoding complexity. We give an algorithm of protograph LDPC codes with fast encoding based on the theorem, and it verifies that protograph LDPC codes with circulate property of generator matrices can simplify encoder hardware implementation.

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The algebraic structure determining the vector-matrix transformation in the discrete vector Boolean space for the analyzing information based on logical operations on associative data.


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E.g. given '['represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Introduction: Thinking About Work in Work Based Learning']' it should be close to '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Much has been written about the engagement, transferability skills and practices of work-based workplace learning. Leading scholars have written books, edited journals and disseminated their thoughts through articles and conferences. All these contributions have been welcomed into the growing body of theoretical, practice and praxis-based literature on notion of work-based learning, but a collection of works by senior scholars on the subject from the wide range of their cultural, disciplinary and edifying perspectives has not yet been made available. This is the opportunity this book seeks to grasp.']' but not to '['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims']'.

Question: Research of China Vocal music education's development in early of 20 century

In the early 20th century,our voices,education has taken a long and tortuous.after the founding of the embryo has suffered cultural revolution was in too many hardships and setbacks,the reform and opening up new period of finally ushered in its development in the spring.the study of the 20th century later the development of our education and law,for the 21st century china's voices in the future development of education has profound significance

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With the all round implementation of the quality education,the reform of the teaching content and course system in the following 21th century becomes important and difficult points of the school physical teaching reform.This article will inquire into the problems badly in need of being solved in the reform. [WT5HZ]