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Question: Cooperation within Regions, Interaction between Regions

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The framework of analysis is as follows. There is policy cooperation between the European central bank and the European government. Similarly, there is policy cooperation between the American central bank and the American government. On the other hand, there is policy interaction between Europe and America. The targets of policy cooperation within Europe are zero inflation, zero unemployment, and a zero structural deficit in Europe. The targets of policy cooperation within America are zero inflation, zero unemployment, and a zero structural deficit in America.

Building Capability in the use of Communication Media and Computer Networks for Students in International Business ::: Project aims


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Question: A Web service discovery algorithm based on dynamic composition

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The growing number of Web services has greatly placed pressure on discovering Web services. It is a very desiderate to solve the problem how we can discover Web services accurately. The paper proposes a method based on service composition by describing Web services with OWLS. We firstly analyzed the process model of the service. Then, we make matchmaking and return the result to the requester. Compared with the algorithms based on service profile, it has made use of the process model and taken the composition and repeating execution of Web services into consideration, which can discover the services accurately .The effectiveness of the algorithm is proved by us with experiment.

This paper describes an intelligent object model using rough set approach to do data mining on an expanding data set. It also presents the discussion of an example of the traffic control signals.


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Question: Introduction to Stochastic Processes

When considering technical, economic, ecological, or other problems, in several cases the quantities \(\left \{{X}_{t},\;t \in \mathcal{T}\right \}\) being examined can be regarded as a collection of random variables. This collection describes the changes (usually in time and in space) of considered quantities. If the set \(\mathcal{T}\) is a subset of the set of real numbers, then the set \(\left \{t \in \mathcal{T}\right \}\) can be interpreted as time and we can say that the random quantities X t vary in time. In this case the collection of random variables \(\left \{{X}_{t},\;t \in \mathcal{T}\right \}\) is called a stochastic process. In mathematical modeling of randomly varying quantities in time, one might rely on the highly developed theory of stochastic processes.

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Abstract : Partial contents: Persistent ISR Study Objective, Persistence Defined, Modeling & Simulation, Measures of Effectiveness, Architecture Design Search, Summary.


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Question: A Severe Case of Myasthenia gravis during Pregnancy

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Myasthenia gravis is characterised by muscle weakness and fatigability, particularly of the facial and extremity muscles, deteriorating during the day. During pregnancy, myasthenia gravis is rare and the course of illness is unpredictable. The present case illustrates that first diagnosed during pregnancy, recurrent exacerbations can appear and lead to life-threatening situations.

Management of Bleeding Using Recombinant Factor VIIa in a Patient Suffering from Bleeding Tendency due to a Lupus Anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia Syndrome -


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Question: The Long-Term Settlement Behavior Analysis of Multi-layered Refuse Landfill by In-situ Measurement

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This paper estimates the long-term settlement of Kimpo metropolitan landfill based on measured settlement data from 180 landfill monitors accumulated over a period of 12 years. Comparison of domestic and international settlement records indicate that the domestic compression rate is slightly lower due to greater portion of organic component. Several existing settlement models are used to compare with the observed behavior and also to estimate long-term settlement. The hyperbolic, Gibson & Lo, Bjarngard & Edgers and Power Creep Law models compare well with the measured settlement of the Kimpo metropolitan landfill. The settlement models are further used to estimate long-term settlement. Bjarngard & Edgers and Power Creep Law models result in higher estimates of the long-term settlement compared to the hyperbolic and Gibson & Lo models. Further comparisons indicate that other models, including Sowers and log models, are inapproriate for predicting the long-term settlement of the Kimpo metropolitan landfill.

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This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Study on the sediment dynamics and stability of the Kushuiyang tidal channel at radial sand ridges in the southern Yellow Sea

Based on the data from hydrological observation and sediment sampling in Kushuiyang during a tide cycle from 3rd July 2011 to 4th July 2011, the water and sediment transport rates are calculated to specify the sediment dynamic characteristics along the tidal channel. The geomorphological evolution and stability of the channel are also discussed on the basis of the comparison between historic sea charts and new topographic surveys. The main results turn out that tidal currents are strong in the channel. Sediments are mainly transported in the form of suspended loads. The net transport direction is landward in the nearshore part of channel, while it is generally pointed seaward in the part of channel east of sand bank(121.606°E,33.029°N). Over the past thirty years, the deep trough of west Kushuiyang channel has gradually connected to the north part of channel, leading the whole channel to be straighter.

Influence of the evolution of the Huanghe River estuary, especially that of four large avulsions in recent years 1953, 1960, 1964 and 1976 on the lower reach was discussed. From this some measures for solving the problem of sedimentation at river mouth were proposed.


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Question: The Restricting DOF Analysis of Elements in the Integrated Positioning

The program of combined locating is a form of positioning used widely in machine tool fixture design. In order to guarantee the reliability of fixture design,the DOF analysis of each component in this integrated positioning is an essential link in positioning fixture design as well as the difficulty in analysis of program. In connection with the difficulty that determining the actual restricting DOF of each locating element in the integrated positioning,based on the concept of positioning and theory of six-point locating and combined with relevant literatures and some teaching experience,guidelines of analyzing in the restricting DOF of each component in integrated positioning is given,being illustrated through analysis of typical examples. Criteria are accurately and efficiently used to solve the problem of analyzing the restricting DOF of each component in combined locating,which improve the efficiency of fixture design.

Introduction of Structure, Working Principle, Performance, Test and Application of MBG Leaf Filter.


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Question: Two heuristics for coordinating production planning and transportation planning

In this study, a coordinated production and transportation planning problem is addressed. A fleet of heterogeneous vehicles is considered. The transportation costs consist of two terms: a term represents the fixed cost for each vehicle used and another term for the variable cost which is the marginal transportation cost times the transportation quantity. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) and a Non-Linear Programming model (NLP). The problem is unsolvable when the size increases beyond a certain magnitude. Therefore, two heuristics are developed. One of them is a decomposition-based heuristic (termed DBH). It combines solutions by decomposing the original problem into production and transportation subproblems and iteratively improves the combined solutions. The other heuristic is based on Lagrangian relaxation (called LRBH). The performance of these heuristics is evaluated by comparing their results with optimal solutions for small-sized instances and with Lagrang...

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Activity-Based Costing (ABC) was developed to address the deficiencies of traditional accounting systems in the modern business environment by helping managers understand product and customer profitability and identify priority areas for process improvements. In this study, activity-based costing (ABC) concepts are integrated with a Mixed Integer Program (MIP) for order management and profitability analysis in the case of a firm facing demand in excess of capacity. The model considers unit-level, batch, and order-related costs within a mixed-integer programming model representing the firm's operating structure. The performance criterion of profit and service levels during the 20-period planning horizon is used for model evaluation in a comparison with the results from a Theory of Constraints (TOC) formulation. The analysis of these competing models will provide guidelines for applications of order management models with simultaneous consideration of production planning and profitability analysis, as well ...


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Given ['', 'NFkappaB decoy delivery using dendritic poly(l-lysine) for treatment of endotoxin-induced hepatitis in mice.'], a positive would be ['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Mono-dispersed, 6th generation dendritic poly(l-lysine) (KG6) forms a stable complex with plasmid DNA and this complex can circulate in vivo for extended times before the DNA finally accumulates in the liver. In this study, we attempted to use KG6 as a carrier of NFkappaB decoy oligonucleotide to the liver to treat hepatitis, induced by lipopolysaccharide and d-galactosamine. KG6 formed a complex with the NFkappaB decoy. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were dramatically suppressed in the hepatitis mouse model after intravenous injection of KG6/NFkappaB decoy complexes. Expression levels of several cytokines and proteins related to the inflammatory reaction were also suppressed by intravenous administration of KG6/NFkappaB decoy complexes. Because [(32)P] NFkappaB decoy was found in non-parenchymal cells after intravenous injection, KG6 has been shown to be a promising carrier molecule of various oligonucleotides to non-parenchymal liver cells, including Kupffer cells.'] & a negative would be ['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'Autophagy induced by DAMPs facilitates the inflammation response in lungs undergoing ischemia-reperfusion injury through promoting TRAF6 ubiquitination']

Question: Requirements for an Architecture for Embodied Conversational Characters

In this paper we describe the computational and architectural requirements for systems which support real-time multimodal interaction with an embodied conversational character. We argue that the three primary design drivers are real-time multithreaded entrainment, processing of both interactional and propositional information, and an approach based on a functional understanding of human face-to-face conversation. We then present an architecture which meets these requirements and an initial conversational character that we have developed who is capable of increasingly sophisticated multimodal input and output in a limited application domain.

Papers on: Genetic Algorithms, Connectionist Models, Case-Based Reasoning, Information Retrieval, Learning, Robotics, Planning and Scheduling, Natural Language Processing and Cognitive Linguistics.


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Question: POLICE USE OF FIREARMS IN NORWAY AND SWEDEN: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF GUN AVAILABILITY

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The present study investigates police use of firearms in two Scandinavian countries. The Swedish police force is regularly armed, whereas Norwegian police are armed under special circumstances, and only by order of a police chief. Data were collected from reports of firearms use to national police authorities. An inspection of shooting incidents showed that close range assaults with knives on police increased the probability of eliciting shooting, as compared to other threats. In addition, such assaults increased the probability of injuring a suspect as well as a firing officer. A central result was that Swedish police shoot more often than Norwegian police and, in addition, more police and citizens are injured in Sweden. The relation of these results to firearms regulations is discussed.

ABOUT 425 REFERENCES, MOST WITH A BRIEF ANNOTATION, ARE GIVEN, PRECEDED BY AN ESSAY ON THE BRITISH ECONOMY, APPROACHES TO REGIONAL PLANNING SINCE THE DEPRESSION, AND THE RELATION OF TECHNICAL DIFFICULTIES TO THE SUCCESS AND FAILURE OF CURRENT REGIONAL PLANNING IN GREAT BRITAIN.


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Question: Transitions in the Friction and Wear of Carbons and Graphites Sliding Against Themselves

The friction and wear properties of various carbons and graphites have been measured during sliding against themselves in air. Many materials exhibit sudden and large increases in both friction and wear at a critical combination of load, speed, and temperature, and the effects are most pronounced for electrographites and natural graphites. The sliding conditions at the transition are associated with a critical temperature of the contacting asperities, and the magnitude of this temperature, approximately 150–185 C for graphitic materials, has been estimated both directly and by application of flash-temperature theory. The phenomena accompanying the transitions are very similar to those occurring during dusting of carbon brushes at high altitudes, and a similar explanation is invoked in terms of the adsorption of water vapor and oxygen. The critical combinations of loads and speeds required to initiate the transition are much more severe than those normally encountered during the operation of carbon brushes...

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Abstract : Partial Contents: A Microcomposite Test Procedure for Evaluating the Constituent Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites; Design, Analysis and Application of an Improved Push-Through Test for the Measurement of Interface Properties in Composites; Fiber Bundle Push-Out: A Technique for the Measurement of Interfacial Sliding Properties; Mechanics of the Fiber Pushout Test; Effects of Fiber Roughness on Interface Sliding in Composites; Fiber Coating Concepts for Brittle Matrix Composites; Preliminary Assessment of Mica as High- Temperature Fiber Coating for SiC Composites; Models for Metal/Ceramic Interface Fracture; Mode II Fracture Toughness of a Brittle Adhesive Layer; and Cracking of Thin Bonded Films in Residual Tension


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Question: Clinical analysis on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in old patients

Objective:To investigate the etiology and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) in older patient.Methods:Fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ),triglycerides ( TG ),total cholesterol ( TC ),alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ),aspartate aminotransferase ( AST ) were measured,and the clinical risk factors of obesity,hypertension disease,coronary heart disease and diabetes was detected in 65 cases of NAFLD group and 58 cases of healthy control group with old patient.Results:The prevalence of hypertension,obesity,diabetes,coronary heart disease in NAFLD group were higher significantly than control group ( P0.05),and the level of FPG,TG,TC,ALT and AST also in NAFLD group was higher significantly than control group ( P0.05).Conclusion:The obesity,hypertension disease,coronary heart disease and diabetes and the higher level of hyperglycemias,hyperglycemias are the major risk factors in old patient of NAFLD and have closed relationship.

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Transfer of antibiotic (cefmetazole, CMZ) into the liver tissues of the infant with hepatic dysfunction, 6 cases of congenital biliary atresia, 4 cases of congenital bile duct dilatation, 1 case of congenital biliary hypoplasia, hepatic hemangioma and umbilical hernia with congenital heart disease is reported here. CMZ level in the liver tissues with hepatic dysfunction shows extremely low. Our study revealed that poor transfer of CMZ into the liver tissues might be a main cause of the poor excretion of CMZ into the bile in case of jaundiced infant.


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Question: LibGuides: Anthropology: Websites

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This guide can assist with research in anthropology and related topics. Evaluate & use credible websites.

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Library Research Guides. English for Speakers of Other Languages (Including American Sign Language). Get Help!.


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Question: Prognosis of contraversive pushing

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Stroke patients with 'pusher syndrome' actively push away from the non-hemiparetic side leading to a loss of postural balance and falling towards the paralysed side. The behaviour is due to an altered perception of the body's orientation in relation to gravity. Here, we studied the prognosis of the disorder. Twelve pusher patients first investigated immediately after the stroke were re-examined 6 months later. Pusher symptoms had nearly completely recovered. The aim for physiotherapy of patients with contraversive pushing thus is to shorten the period of necessary treatment and enable earlier discharge from residential care.

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Women one cycle contraceptive therapy encompasses in menstruating continuously administered during the potent sulfatase inhibiting pro guest 1 cycle length of Gen contraception on effective and breast protective dose in the absence of estrogen administration contraceptive method comprising the step of applying to disclose.


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Question: Clinical Costing Kept Simple - The Case for Patient Activity Modelling

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This paper describes a simplified methodology for computing clinical costs; a method that is particularly applicable to small and medium sized hospitals. This paper also describes a set of visual Intranet tools, which make it easier to understand what is going on in your clinical costing system. These tools also make it easier and simpler to maintain your clinical costing system.

How to Think About R&D Quality. Organizing for Quality in R&D. Measuring R&D Quality. Assessing R&D Quality Status. Intellectual Property Management Process Improvement. Implementing Quality in Research: A Case Example. Views and Lessons Learned at the Top. References. Index.


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Question: Towards the Total Quality Interface - Applying Taguchi TQM Techniques within the LUCID Method

Juran defines quality as being ‘fit for purpose or use’. It follows clearly from this that an effective interface is an essential ingredient in a quality software product. Whilst the discipline of Human Computer Interaction is maturing quickly, there still remains only limited support for designing in quality rather than evaluating it afterwards. In this paper the authors present the results of a pilot study within the first stage in the development of the LUCID (Logical User Centred Interface Design) method which attempts to integrate a number of human factor tools within a quality framework. Particularly they focus on the phases which adopt the Taguchi Method for designing quality into products and processes. By adopting such techniques within a practical example, the authors demonstrate how the use of a scientific experimental design strategy, together with conventional statistical tools can assist the selection of the optimum user interface.

The World of VOC Company and Customer Focus Collecting VOC Interpretation and Translation of VOC Structuring Customer Data Quantifying Structured VOC VOC Integration Deploying VOC Tracking VOC into the Future The VOC System-A Seasoned Perspective Appendix A: VOC Forms Appendix B: Kano Collection and Interpretation Method Appendix C: Customer Oriented Product Concepting (COPC) Appendix D: VOC Example (3-hole punch) Appendix E: Bibliography, Quality Function Development


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Question: Studies on potassium-magnesium interaction in coconut (Cocos nucifera)

The widespread deficiency of magnesium in coconut acts as a limiting factor to increased production. Two ongoing experiments on potassium-magnesium (K-Mg) interaction in coconut conducted in lateritic gravels (ultisols), in the wet and intermediate agroclimatic zones of Sri Lanka showed significant yield responses (P=0.01) to differential K treatments, in the wet zone, but not in the intermediate zone. Differential Mg treatments, however, did not give rise to yield responses. Leaf and nut water analysis showed significant changes in the concentrations of Na, K and Cl (P=0.001), with a distinct inverse relationship between Na and K when K was applied. Differential Mg applications showed a significant effect only for leaf Mg (P=0.001), in the fourth year of the experiment, in the wet zone. Results indicate the usefulness of nut water analysis as an additional diagnostic tool, for Na, K and Cl.

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Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAH) extraction process can be extract phytosterol (beta-sitosterol) from Leucaena leucochepala


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Question: Studies on Wax Isomerization for Lubes and Fuels

Abstract Dewaxing by an all-catalytic wax isomerization process has recently been commercialized for lube oil production. This new technology, which has a number of potential uses, is also the first major application of a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve. In this paper, the chemistry of the isomerization process over Pt-SAPO-11 is examined using both pure compounds and practical feeds, and compared to other catalysts. For Pt-S APO-11, the selectivity for pour point reduction with a minimum of branching is high, and the selectivity for secondary hydrocracking is low.

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Abstract : Partial contents:Problem Statement, Technical Objective, Technical Background Current Coatings, Technical Background, Technical Background - Polysiloxane, Technical Background - Polyuretidione, Technical Background Cyclic Carbonate, Technical Approach, Task 1 Benchmarking, Task 2 Initial Formulation Development, Task 3 Initial CARC Testing, Task 4 Targeted Development, Chemspeed Autoplant A100TM, Task 5 Formulation CARC Testing, Task 6 Optimization, Task 8 Transition Planning, Year 1 Project Plan, Overall Project Plan, Project Funding, Deliverables.


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Question: Exploring the Relationship between Employee Branding and Brand Loyalty : a qualitative case study

Background: Making customers loyal to the brand have become a key issue for marketers to achieve since it acts as a major contributor to competitive advantage. The brand image is argued to be the ...

A Cross-National Investigation of An Extended Technology Acceptance Model in The Online Shopping Context: A Study Case of Online Apparel Industry Across ASEAN Member States - Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Online Shopping, ASEAN, Intention.


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Question: The Sinister Side of Agricultural Cooperation

Victoria Saker Woeste, the author of this impressive, multi-disciplinary study (which had its origins in her dissertation), is a research fellow at the American Bar Association. Woeste deftly interweaves legal history, economic history and agricultural history, addressing important themes in each field. The author's story involves agricultural cooperatives and their legal standing in the face of antitrust legislation and corporate law from the end of the Civil War to 1945, with particular attention to cooperation in the California raisin industry. Woeste highlights a crucial difference in the ways that lawmakers perceived cooperatives and their actual structure and behavior. While many legislators and judges retained a romantic view of yeomen farmers and therefore privileged their "cooperative" organizations over industrial trusts, the key marketing cooperative in the raisin industry "resorted to zealotry and violence to reinforce its economic combinations" and "became as ruthless as

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Contents Introduction Culture in Chains: How the Secular and Religious Right Captured America Chapter 1 Manufacturing Common Sense or Cultural Hegemony for Beginners Chapter 2 Foreign Affairs Chapter 3 The American Religious Right and Its Long March through the Institutions Chapter 4 Extinguishing the Enlightenment: The Assault on Knowledge Chapter 5 Lobbies, Corridors and Seats of Power Conclusion Why Undertake This Book? Bibliography


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Question: Effect of preliminary orientation on polymer friction

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Fewshot example: "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', "Pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) is a promising solution for indoor positioning. It can work without either GPS signals or Wi-Fi coverage. Commonly, a foot mounted PDR system is relatively more accurate, but a PDR system mounted on the waist or integrated in a Smartphone can be more convenient. However, such systems have difficulties with step length estimation. Most of them estimate step length indirectly according to acceleration features. This paper proposes a new approach of step length estimation for waist mounted PDR system which does not require detection of zero velocity point. Our approach can provide 96.9% accuracy in walking distance estimation. In addition, we also discussed the influence of mounting position of sensors to the accuracy. Finally, we applied the principle of step length estimation to state detection, distinguishing normal walking, descending or ascending. Tests show that as high as 81%, our method can correctly distinguish the person's walking status with 81% accuracy."]" == "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract!', 'A New Approach of Real Time Step Length Estimation for Waist Mounted PDR System']"

It has been shown experimentally that preliminary orientation leads to a change in the mechanical properties of polymers, a decrease in the actual contact area and a corresponding reduction of the deformation and adhesion components of the forces of friction.

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Three examples of engineering design with thermoplastics are discussed, where deformation and strength theories are applied with the objective of minimizing experimental effort: (i) modulus/density relationships for foamed thermoplastics in bending; (ii) a fracture mechanics theory for polyethylene tanks; (iii) simplified procedures for fibre-reinforced thermoplastics.


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Question: One kind of high-barrier container and preparation method

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Example:
Provided: "['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'The properties and the coverage density of chemically bonded phases depend among others on the properties of their supports. Controlled-porosity glasses (CPG) are materials used as a support of bio-active ligands. Their network mainly consist of SiO2 as well as of a small amount of B2O3 and Na2O. The characteristic feature of porous glasses is the possibility of a change in the surface boron concentration leading to the change of the properties of their surface.']" Match: "['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract', 'Influence of the thermal modification of controlled porosity glass on the affinity chromatography of fungal proteins']"

The present invention belongs to the field of chemical and materials, to a high barrier container, and its preparation method. In particular, the present invention relates to a container, the container wall which is a monolayer or multilayer structure, wherein said container wall comprising at least one layer of PVDC. Container of the invention has good barrier properties.

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The process of one-step forming PVC heat shrinkable film and attentive items in operation were introduced.


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Question: Methods of slew rate verification of operational amplifier macro model

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Three methods of operational amplifier (Op amp) slew rate verification are considered. These methods are illustrated through the example of SPICE macro models of Op amp LMH6642 by Texas Instruments and ОР37 by Analog Devices.

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Switch Capacitor circuits are widely used in digital conversion system.This paper presents a design of switch capacitor integrator circuits.Simulation indicates that the quality of the integrator fully meets the need of practice.


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Question: Application of duality for derivation of current converter topologies

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A unified approach is suggested for the derivation of current-tocurrent converter topologies, which relies on duality principles. As conventional duality rules have restricted utility and are difficult to apply with switched mode circuits, special attention is devoted to switch mode converter element dualities. Also, a special means of viewing complex switched mode topologies as a cascade combination of building blocks is developed. This method simplifies the treatment of circuits containing transformers and switching bridges. The suggested approach provides a universal means for derivation of current-to-current converters by dually transforming voltage-to-voltage converter topologies. Examples of the utilization of this method for derivation of various current-to-current converters, including Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost, ˇ Cuk, Sepic, and Two-Switch Forward, are provided, as well as a practical design example for SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) application.

In this paper the authors have compared the performance of coupled linear and non-linear methods of solution from these generic types, in order to assess their suitability for use in optimisation of sediment routing parameters.


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Question: Vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen versus vinylic substitution of halogen in the reactions of carbanions of halomethyl aryl sulfones with dialkyl halofumarates and halomaleates

Abstract Reaction of halomethyl aryl sulfone carbanions with dialkyl halofumarates and halomaleates results in nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen and/or of the halogen. The reaction with halofumarates proceeds via addition of the carbanions to the vinylic carbon atom connected with hydrogen, followed by base promoted β-elimination of hydrogen halide in which the halogen originates from the carbanion moiety or from the alkene. In the case of halomaleates the reaction proceeds via an elimination–addition sequence.

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A novel convenient method for the synthesis of dichloroalkenes was developed. The method involves catalytic olefination of hydrazones of aliphatic carbonyl compounds with bromo(trichloro)methane.


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Question: Research on Financial Crisis Prediction Model based on Social Responsibility

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Taking 31 ST listed companies in 2014 for the first time and the corresponding non-ST companies as samples,the paper rebuilds Logistic regression model of corporate financial crisis prediction by introducing a corporate social responsibility index. The sample inspection shows that the accuracy of the prediction model is increased significantly,the situation of enterprises fulfilling social responsibility is inversely proportional to the probability of financial crisis development; meanwhile,the study also shows the ability to grow and the probability of its occurrence of financial distress are related businesses,so companies should also be appropriate growth rate.

Traditional Management and Management Engineering.- Dynamic Supply and Demand Balance Problems.- Linear and Probabilistic Resource Optimization and Allocation Problems.- Forecasting of Time Series.- Business Intelligence and Data Mining.- The Use of Game Theory.- Summary of Some Fundamental Management Engineering Principles.- Concluding Remarks.


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Question: Pandemic of great expectations.

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In addition to a pandemic of multimorbidity,[1][1] what we might have on our hands is a pandemic of great expectations. Aldous Huxley said that “medical science has made such tremendous progress that there is hardly a healthy human left.” I find that many of my patients have rather lofty and

1. From judicial dissent to peaceful protest 2. From civil to uncivil disobedience 3. The vagaries of violence 4. Dissent, inc. 5. Dissent and law's parameters.


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Question: The Monetary Transmission Mechanism

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Recent literature on structural vector autoregressions has attempted to identify the effects on the economy of an increase in the stock of money. This work has led to a broad concensus. Initially, an increase in money leads to an increase in economic activity. Output and employment go up, the interest rate declines and prices respond weakly, if at all. Over time, these real effects die out and, in the long run, the only effect of higher money is higher prices. Most writers on the topic have attributed the real effects of money, in the short run, to a barrier of some kind that prevents markets from clearing. We show instead that a competitive market-clearing model in which money enters the production function can reproduce the broad features of data. Our argument exploits the existence of multiple equilibria in a rational-expectations model. (Copyright: Elsevier)

The Problem Situation The Contemporary Situation of Economic Development The Problems of Economic Development Business Cycles: Comments on Method The Theory of Economic Development Stages of Economic Growth The Business Cycle: Concepts and Tools The Liquidity Function: Money, Prices, and Interest The Business Cycle: Dynamic Equilibrium and Three Theories of Growth The Business Cycle: Dynamic Disequilibrium and Growth The Contemporary Challenges to Economic Growth and Development The Paradox of Industrialization The International Utility Function Economic Growth and Development: Political Considerations Conclusion Selected Bibliography Index


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Question: Semiconductor device and method for forming the same

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For example, ['represent the natural language\n\nExample:\nProvided: "Dr. Giannis Mountzios (MD, MSc, PhD) was born in Larissa, Greece, in 1974. He obtained his Medical Degree (MD) from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 1998 with a scholarship from the Greek Ministry of Education and graduated from the Hellenic Military Medical Academy the same year. He completed his residency in Internal Medicine at the 251 Air force General Hospital of Athens and in Medical Oncology at the University of Athens School of Medicine, “Alexandra” University Hospital." Match: "Dr. Giannis Mountzios: immunotherapy, an “earthquake” in the treatment of advanced lung cancer"', 'Flexible offshore systems can be analyzed by a number of different techniques. The techniques described herein fall in the general category of finite element methods. Special cable elements and contact nodes are discussed. A static finite element analysis requires a solution strategy that handles ill-conditioned cases. It is shown how ill-conditioning can be removed and how many practical problems involving flexible offshore systems can be solved.'] should be similar to ['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Cables and Flexible Pipes in Contact with Sea Floor']

A semiconductor device includes a metal line and a metal pad formed at different integration levels of a semiconductor substrate, and an isolation layer by which the metal line and the metal pad are spaced apart from each other. The semiconductor device prevents short-circuit between the metal pad and the metal line although the isolation layer is dislocated.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus and a method for forming on the substrate a film having a uniformity of thickness. Embodiments of the present disclosure include, without knowing the properties of the substrate surface in advance, it may be used to measure the thickness or other properties of the film deposited on the substrate. Embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to measure the thickness or other characteristics of a plurality of layers formed. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to measure the thickness of the vertical memory stack.


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Question: Stimulated Raman backscatter in ultraintense, short pulse laser–plasma interactions

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The stimulated Raman backscatter instability that occurs when short (∼50–100 fs), intense (I≂2×1017 W/cm2) laser pulses are focused into a high density, low temperature plasma is reported on in this article. Results from linear theory, numerical differencing of the coupled mode equations, and one‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell simulations will be discussed. It is found that the growth rate is a function of position along the pulse, and that the maximum growth rate at the peak of the pulse is reduced from the homogeneous long pulse value, γ0 by a factor of 1/√2. A criterion is obtained that predicts when the product of the pulse length and the growth rate is large enough so that the backscatter instability will heat the background electrons to a significant amount above the initial temperature. The usual hot electron component associated with this instability will also be discussed.

Axial constant magnetic field produces 69-fold increase of ablation-crater depth on silicon surface ablated by ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses. Analysis of potential mechanisms suggests strong combined effects from magneto-absorption and propagation through magnetized ablation plasma.


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Question: Polymorphisms in ABCG5/G8 transporters linked to hypercholesterolemia and gallstone disease.

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ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters function in the homeostasis of lipids. Dysfunction of ABC transporters is frequently associated with disease. This review examines links between polymorphisms of ABC G5 (ABCG5) and G8 (ABCG8) transporter genes to hypercholesterolemia and to gallstone disease risk. Various polymorphisms (A632V, T400K, D19H, M429V, and C54Y) in the ABCG8 and ABCG5 (Q604E) gene have been found to be associated with several facets of cholesterol metabolism, including baseline cholesterol level, cholesterol kinetics, individual responsiveness of plasma cholesterol to dietary and pharmaceutical interventions for hypercholesterolemia, and increased risk of gallstones. Clearly, the ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes play an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. However, more research is needed to establish how specific polymorphisms of these genes confer to higher risk of these diseases.

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Background Environmental and genetic factors have influence on the age at menarche (AAM). Disturbance of the AAM in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) were postulated [1]. Estrogen receptor genes 1 and 2 (ESR1, ESR2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in IS were suggested to have some association with predisposition to IS [2]. ESR SNPs were reported to have association with AAM in healthily females [3].


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Question: A Grammar of Mongsen Ao [Book Review]

represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper Given ['Represent text', 'In the article the adaptation of anatomical structure of the leaf in Nerium oleander L. under the influence of microclimatic conditions in different habitats is discussed.'], a positive would be ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Leaf anatomical structure of Nerium oleander L. as a reflection of its adaption potential on habitat']

A.R. Coupe's book 'A Grammar of Mongsen Ao' describes the variety of Ao Naga spoken in Mangmetong, a village comprised of about 2000 residents in Mokokchung District of Nagaland. Author Coupe is completely familiar with the different theoretical frameworks, phonological and grammatical, but maintains an independent approach to the subject. The reviewer opines the book is one of the best Tibeto-Burman (TB) grammars to date. Review(s) of: A Grammar of Mongsen Ao, by A.R. Coupe, Berlin/New York, Mouton de Gruyter, Mouton Grammar Library 39, 2007, Hardcover, 526 pages, ISBN 978-3-11-019088-5. Includes tables. Includes references. Includes footnotes.

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Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics ::: Society: Special Session on Syntactic Issues in Native American ::: Languages (1993)


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Question: Work in progress — Application of the Boe-Bot in teaching K12 electricity fundamentals

Louisiana Tech University has recently developed a curriculum (NASA-Threads) that integrates engineering, mathematics, and physics. The curriculum, which targets junior and senior high school students, uses hands-on projects that develop student ability to solve realistic multiple-step problems and bring excitement into the classroom. NASA-Threads integrates NASA applications, fundamentals, technology, and communication through hands-on projects that are enabled by an inexpensive micro-controller/robotic platform, the Parallax Boe-Bot. The Boe-Bot provides the enabling technology for projects throughout the course. The course is developed so that a natural progression of fundamental topics is presented. This paper provides clear examples of K12 projects that utilize the Boe-Bot for teaching electricity fundamentals.

A challenging strategy to reuse 3D-printer structures for laboratory training, related to automation and positioning, is presented. The laboratory course is meant to be presented to students within “Digital Systems and Microcontrollers” and “Automatisms and Control” courses.


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Question: Dynamic damping property of magnetorheological elastomer

Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is a new kind of smart materials, its dynamic mechanic performances can be controlled by an applied magnetic field. MRE is usually used as a stiffness-changeable spring in the semi-active vibration absorber. In order to get perfect vibration control effect, low dynamic damping of MRE is need. But the dynamic damping of MRE was not studied deeply in the past. The dynamic damping of MRE was studied and analyzed. The influences of different test conditions including test strain amplitude, test frequency and test magnetic field were deeply studied. MRE sample and pure silicone rubber sample were prepared and tested under different conditions. The test results show that the main source of dynamic damping is the friction between iron particles and rubber matrix. And the friction is mainly influenced by the strain amplitude and test magnetic field.

If it is possible to trap elastic wave energy in a localized region of an elastic solid, it is possible to support the solid at a location where no vibration occurs. This enables highly reliable, low-loss piezoelectric devices to be developed. In this paper various energy-trapping elastic wave phenomena and vibration are discussed and their applications to various piezoelectric devices such as strip resonators, monolithic filters, piezoelectric transformers, vibratory gyroscopes and SAW devices are described.


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Question: Talking about the Information Retrieval Course of University and the Cultivation of Information Literacy of University Students

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This paper introduces the definition and connotation of information literacy, analyzes the problems existing in current information literacy education, and advances some countermeasures for strengthening the information literacy of university students.

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Research report submitted within the Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Department of Visual Arts.


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Question: Emulation platform for power consumption evaluation in programmable optical routers

[ANGLES] The ever-growing number of users and the emergence of new services which demand higher bandwidth are increasing Internet traffic and in turn, the energy consumption of transmission and switching operations required to route this traffic. Thus, as of the last few years, energy consumption is becoming an important issue for the scientific community that has realized the importance that it will have on scaling the Future Internet architectures. In this thesis, a Click! implementation of a SOA-based switching fabric within a multi-granular programmable optical router framework has been studied and a software solution to calculate the energy consumption has been developed. Validation results for different traffic rates are presented.

In this paper the specialized processors, their design flow and application in computer and cyber-physical systems were described. Reconfigurability in computer and cyber-physical systems design was considered. The Chameleon©C2HDL design tool that is intended for the specialized processors HDL-model automatic generation from the algorithm described in the ANSI C language was considered and evaluated. Based on this design tool, cloud design and production as a service tools were proposed. New methods for computing organization in reconfigurable computer and cyber-physical systems by giving for them the possibility of self-configuration due to the using of specialized processor automatic design tools were proposed.


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Question: Hydrostatic limits in liquids and solids to 100 kbar

The hydrostatic properties of the materials methanol, isopropyl alcohol, water, sodium chloride, silver chloride, and the binary mixtures pentane‐isopentane and methanol‐ethanol have been determined in the diamond‐anvil pressure cell up to 180 kbar by line‐broadening and line‐shift measurements of the sharp R1 ruby fluorescence line. A liquid mixture 4 : 1 by volume of methanol : ethanol remains hydrostatic to almost 100 kbar at room temperature. This mixture exceeds the hydrostatic limit of the previous generally accepted fluid, 1 : 1 pentane : isopentane which has a hydrostatic limit of about 70 kbar. Silver chloride and water (ice VII) are better than sodium chloride as pressure‐transmitting media, but do not even qualitatively approach hydrostatic conditions much above 70 kbar. The stress sensitivity level of the ruby limits the extent to which slight deviations from hydrostatic conditions can be determined in solid systems and suggests the qualitative nature of the method in characterization of quasi...

• The first high temperature measurements of the absorption cross section of methane in excess CO 2 bath gas around 3403 nm.


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Question: Research report: Rehabilitation versus regulation in US cities

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Abstract A central concern of planners and policy makers in older US cities undergoing economic restructuring is the formulation and implementation of development strategies for central business districts. 1 However, including older and often underutilized commercial and industrial buildings in such strategies often requires changes in regulations, such as building codes, that govern the use of urban space. 2 Developers and architects claim that full compliance with building codes is often impossible or cost prohibitive, while planners identity such codes as a major obstacle to the full incorporation of rehabilitation in development planning for central business districts. 3

Based on an in-depth, qualitative case study about a conflict between governmental authorities from the United States and Switzerland over the regulation of Swiss banks, we introduce indirect compe...


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Question: Variety of economic value of development and Utilize of Korean pine

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This paper used the economic value of development and utilized of Korean pine discussed the ecology,lumber,seed,needle,pollen,provided the science base for integrated utilization Korean pine.

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This Paper summaries the value,the range and the effect of the wide spread application of the light weight steel building in Xinji Mine.


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Question: 28.1: Premium Picture Quality by Super-Multi-Domain Polymer Sustained Alignment LCD Technology

New super-multi-domain polymer sustained alignment (PSA) liquid crystal displays are developed With this new pixel architecture, premium picture quality with very little oblique gamma distortion and color shift (Δ u‘v’ < 0.02) like in-plane switching (IPS) mode, is obtained. Moreover, it can also realize low-crosstalk patterned retarder 3D displays without sacrificing the 2D-mode luminance.

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OAK B204 Novel Glassy Nematic Liquid Crystals for Non-destructive Rewritable Optical Memory and Photonic Switching


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Question: Definition of vibrations spectrum of engineering construction details via dynamic speckle-structures registration

Theoretical relations for fluctuation spectrum of the scatterred radiation in the case of small transverse vibration of a scatterer where obtained. The case of direct photodetection is considered. The equations received make it possible to obtain mechanical fluctuation spectra of a body from the intensity fluctuation spectra of scattered radiation by means of registration of dynamic speckle-structure.

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Additonal data of the ebook: Practical guide for biospeckle laser in biosystems - Data set of a maize seed illuminated by a laser


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Question: Women Navigating Globalization: Feminist Approaches to Development

Chapter 1: Feminism and Development in a Global World Chapter 2: Navigating Globalization: Feminist Approaches to Development Chapter 3: Development, Globalization, and Power Chapter 4: Debates and Dilemmas: Global Sex Trafficking Chapter 5: Debates and Dilemmas: Water Chapter 6: Debates and Dilemmas: Work Chapter 7: Debates and Dilemmas: Health Chapter 8: Collective Action, Development, and the Challenges of Globalization

Readers’ Corner: Reflections on Jen Sandler and Renita Thedvall (eds.). 2017. Meeting Ethnography: Meetings as Key Technologies of Contemporary Governance, Development, and Resistance. New York: Routledge.


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Question: [Psychiatric emergencies in the greater Montréal region : some difference between men and women.].

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This article presents a general description of the clientele requiring emergency psychiatric services in the Greater Montreal area, with a particular emphasis on the differences between the characteristics of the female and of the male clientele of these emergency services (demographic variables, diagnosis, treatment and disposition variables).

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Summary Aim: The inappropriate use of emergency department decrease the quality of services allowed in this service� The main objective of this study was to determine the determinant of inappropriate use of the emergency department�


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Question: Visible And Infrared Transmission Through Snow

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Examples:

"['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title\n\n\nFewshot example: "Hansen\'s disease, leprosy, is a chronic infectious disease caused by the acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. There are multiple forms of the disease ranging from the relatively benign to the progressive, malignant lepromatous leprosy. There is effective antimicrobial treatment available that is capable of curing the disease. We report the case of a post heart transplant patient acquiring Hansen\'s disease." == "A case study in Hansen\'s disease acquired after heart transplant."', 'In this dissertation a new architecture of antenna array is proposed in which antenna elements are placed on a Hexagonal Prism in order to obtain split beam radiation pattern.The Hexagonal Prism Array(HPA) is synthesized for amplitude excitation ,complex excitation and relative distance using a novel optimisation technique.As a performance criteria the split beam radiation pattern is evaluated for side lobe level(SLL) and half power beam width(HPBW).The optimisation technique is experimented on conventional arrays like Linear and Planar and a comparative study with the published literature is also performed.An attempt to model the HPA on a commercial software in which radiator is a patch elements.']" == "['represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract', 'Formulation and Synthesis of Hexagonal Prism Array Using Nature Inspired Algorithm']"

Visible and infrared extinction in falling snow is a function of snow particle concentration and snow crystal size and shape. Relationships between existing meteorological conditions and these characteristics have been investigated using measurements made during the SNOW-ONE (Scenario Normalization for Operation in Winter-Obscuration and the Natural Environment) Field Experiment. Effects of meteorological conditions upon extinction are discussed, and empirical models are suggested. Causes of the variation of extinction with wavelength in the visible and infrared are identified, and the magnitudes of some of the possible effects are estimated.

This book contains 17 selections. Some of the titles are: Heat Flow in Composite Materials; Heat Transfer Following an Extrusion Process; Effective Thermal Conductivity of Wire Screens; and A Heat Transfer and Wave Optics Analysis for Radiative Melting of Thin Silicon Films.


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Question: Expression pattern of NOGO and NgR genes during human development.

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To give you a sense - "['Represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title.', 'Abstract Reproduction in the leaf-cutting bee Megachile (Chrysosarus) pseudanthidioides Moure was studied by trap nesting in secondary Atlantic rain forests on Santa Catarina Island, southern Brazil. Nests were built in borings of hardwood blocks, in small wooden boxes and bamboo canes. The brood cells consisted of an outer layer of overlapping small leaves or pieces of leaves cut oval. They covered a chamber formed of clay. Pieces of flower petals served as the innermost lining of the cells. Nests were constructed October through February. Emergence pattern indicates a bivoltine life cycle with a spring generation emerging December and early January and a second (summer) generation diapausing as prepupae from fall through winter. Metamorphosis then takes place in late winter and imagines emerge only in the following spring, September and October. A cleptoparasitic megachilid, Coelioxys (Acrocoelioxys) tepaneca (Cresson), was found to attack nests of Megachile (C.) pseudanthidioides. This host-parasite re...']" should be close to "['represent this paper title in order to find a scientific intro to what it is about', 'Nest Architecture, Life Cycle and Cleptoparasite of the Neotropical Leaf-cutting Bee Megachile (Chrysosarus) pseudanthidioides Moure (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)*']"

Nogo protein has been identified as the component of central nervous system (CNS) myelin that limits axonal regeneration. We investigated the expression of the genes encoding Nogo and its receptor, NgR, between weeks eight and 23 of human embryonic development, by quantitative radioactive in situ hybridization. At 8 weeks, we detected NOGO and NgR transcripts in developing neuronal and non-neuronal structures. We focused on two different structures: the brain and the dental germs. During this period of development, NOGO and NgR transcripts colocalized in the cortical and ventricular zones of the brain, with expression strongest for these two genes in the postmitotic cells of the cortical plate. In developing dental germs, NgR was more strongly expressed than NOGO at 16 and 21 weeks. NOGO and NgR were expressed in zones of epithelium-mesenchyme interaction, which induce the differentiation of ameloblasts/odontoblasts. These genes were expressed most strongly in differentiated cells.

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The RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) is a master transcription factor that plays a critical role in embryo development, especially during the process of neurogenesis and neural plasticity. However, the mechanism of REST gene transcription regulation is still an open question. Here, by combining bioinformatics analysis and experimental studies, we report that the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) bound to a conserved YY1 binding site in the promoter of the mouse REST gene and positively regulated activity of this promoter in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, analysis of microarray data revealed a significant correlation between the expression of YY1 and REST genes. Overall, this study suggests that YY1 directly regulates expression of the REST gene.


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Question: High temperature infrared absorption cross sections of methane near 3.4 µm in Ar and CO 2 mixtures

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• The first high temperature measurements of the absorption cross section of methane in excess CO 2 bath gas around 3403 nm.

In principle, infrared lasers provide specific methods for detecting all reactive species in the gas phase, except for free atoms. This paper compares the use of tunable diode lasers and mid-infrared laser magnetic resonance in the study of reactions of HO2 using its v3 band at 1100 cm−1.


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Question: Unsplinted crowns on implants in the subantral augmented region: an evolution.

Excluding the wisdom teeth, the average human being is supplied by nature with a total of 42 tooth roots (24 in the maxilla and 18 in the mandible). After the loss of any tooth root, bone resorbs at that site due to the lack of endosseous stress. With this article, the author supports the idea of a new concept: keeping the individual alveolar bone site alive with endosteal root-form implants by imitating the natural dentition as closely as possible--even in the subantral region.

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Abstract Partial extraction therapies, such as the socket-shield technique, use the patient's tooth tissues and periodontium to preserve the alveolar ridge and limit postextraction resorption. Internal exposure through the overlying peri-implant mucosa has been reported as the most common complication, suggesting that the preparation technique requires modification. This technique report describes the prosthetic management of the socket-shield technique, emphasizing preparation of the socket-shield to the bone crest, and the creation of an S-shape prosthetic emergence profile to support maximal soft tissue infill.


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Question: An investigation into the effects of oral iron supplementation on in vivo Hemoccult stool testing.

This prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study examined the effects of oral iron ingestion on fecal occult blood testing. One hundred healthy and asymptomatic volunteers collected stool samples after 2-wk courses of both oral iron (either ferrous sulfate or ferrous gluconate) and placebo, while following strict medicinal, dietary, and collection instructions. Each sample was tested by both the Hemoccult II and Hemoccult Sensa methods. Of the participants who completed this study (n = 78), there were no positive results for occult blood after iron ingestion when tested by either method. Only one participant displayed a positive result while taking the placebo, with this specimen considered contaminated by unexpected menses. From these findings, it can be concluded that oral iron supplementation does not cause false-positive results when the Hemoccult II or Hemoccult Sensa method is used for fecal occult blood testing.

Abstract This paper describes the effect of the amino acid mixture Freamine II® on the physical stability of Intralipid® fat emulsion. The amino acid-fat emulsion mixture was also administered to patients requiring intravenous nutrition and its clinical and biochemical effects were assessed. The amino acid-fat emulsion mixture was stable on storage for 48 hours as judged by flocculation and particle growth measurements made in the presence of 20 mmol/1 monovalent cations at 2 mmol/1 diavalent cations. Long-term storage of mixtures containing Freamine II® is not recommended because of an interaction between the emulsifier and the amino acids. In a small open trial patients maintained their serum albumin concentrations. There was no evidence of impaired pulmonary function even in those subjects with impaired fat clearance.


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Question: Enhancement of Nicosulfuron Efficacy with Inorganic Salt Adjuvants

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Adjuvants increase postemergence herbicide efficacy, but adjuvant type greatly affects herbicide efficacy enhancement by the adjuvant. In greenhouse experiments, inorganic salts used alone did not significantly enhance nicosulfuron efficacy, and no nicosulfuron rate response was evident. However, when applied with a methylated vegetable oil adjuvant plus ammonium sulfate, nicosulfuron provided relatively good control of green foxtail and large crabgrass, even with low rates of both herbicide and methylated oil adjuvant, thereby resulting in reduced treatment costs.

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Development of Hydrometallurgical Processes. Industrial Hydroxyoxime Extractants and Their Characteristics. Physicochemistry of Metal Extraction with Hydroxyoximes. Potential of Metal Extraction and Separation with Hydroxyoximes. Application of Hydroxyoximes in Membrane Processes. Processing of Copper Ores. Index.


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Question: The experiment and analysis of transitional flow in pipe

The transitional flow in a pipe is important for delivery, but its characteristics remain to be explored. In this paper, the two-dimensional laser Doppler velocimetry(LDV) is used for the study, focusing on the attenuation characteristics of the axial velocity, the variation of the velocity gradient, the effect of the angle between the axis and the resultant velocity vector, and the relationship between the energy coefficient and the flow state. The attenuation characteristics of the axial velocity along the radial direction are obtained. It is shown that with the increase of the Reynolds number, the change rate of the velocity gradient slows down with a similar distribution, and a rapid decrease is seen in the near wall region. The amplitude and the frequency of the angular variation are obviously improved with the increase of the Reynolds number. The instability of the velocity field is enhanced with the increase of the energy coefficient.

A model evaluation has been undertaken by considering a diagnostic evaluation of the distance dependent structure of a single source footprint.


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Question: Recruitment: Shortage of experienced vets

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READ with interest your news item about the report from the Society of Practising Veterinary Surgeons (SPVS) regarding the shortage of vets in the UK (VR, October 3, 2015, vol 177, p 325). We are a traditional mixed practice and on advertising for an experienced mixed practitioner recently had very few applicants and no UK-trained vets applied. ::: ::: I then saw with dismay later in BVA News in the same issue that this lack of vets and certainly mixed animal vets is not on the list of the BVA's ‘Priority areas for the coming year’ (p 347). We appear to be training an increased number of vets in the UK, but where do they disappear to and why do they not want to do mixed practice? Are the vet schools selecting candidates unwilling or incapable of multitasking across the species? Or is it the out-of-hours and being on-call that puts people off?....

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LKC specialty guide about rural services nursing, and for rural services nursing education within CHHHS


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Question: Hypoplasia of a Permanent Incisor Produced by Primary Incisor Intrusion: A Case Report

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Orofacial trauma is common in atheletic children and is a serious orodental and general health problem that may have medical, esthetic and psychological consequences for children and their parents. When the root of the primary tooth is close to the unerupted permanent tooth, primary tooth trauma may result in developmental disturbances in the permanent tooth. In the present study a case report of an unusual case in which injury to the primary dentition resulted in developmental disturbances in the crown and the non eruption of the permanent tooth is presented. Localized malformation of the crown of the permanent maxillary right central incisor and enamel hypoplasia were treated with a light-cured composite resin restoration. The unerupted permanent left central incisor was removed surgically. The study also discusses the management after extraction with removable partial denture.

Fundamentals of Embalming: Legal Aspects, Methods, and Order of Embalming. Minimum Standards of Embalming. Environmental and Personal Health Considerations. Technical Orientation of Embalming. Death-Agonal and Pre-embalming Changes. Embalming Chemicals. Use of Embalming Chemicals. Anatomical Considerations. Embalming Vessel Sites and Selections. Case Analysis. Preparation of the Body Prior to Arterial Fluid Injection. Distribution and Diffusion of Arterial Fluid. Injection and Drainage Techniques. Cavity Embalming. Preparation of the Body After Arterial Injection. Age and General Body Considerations. Preparation of Autopsied Bodies. Preparation of Bodies of Organ Donors. Delayed Embalming. Discolorations. Moisture Considerations. Vascular Considerations. Effects of Drugs on the Embalming Process. Selected Conditions. Origin and History of Embalming: History of Modern Restorative Art. Selected Readings.


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Question: Diquark-Antidiquark with open charm in QCD sum rules

Using the QCD sum rule approach we investigate the possible four-quark structure of the recently observed charmed scalar mesons $D_0^{0}(2308)$ (BELLE) and $D_0^{0,+}(2405)$ (FOCUS) and also of the very narrow $D_{sJ}^{+}(2317)$, firstly observed by BABAR. We use diquak-antidiquark currents and work to the order of $m_s$ in full QCD, without relying on $1/m_c$ expansion. Our results indicate that a four-quark structure is acceptable for the resonances observed by BELLE and BABAR: $D_0^{0}(2308)$ and $D_{sJ}^{+}(2317)$ respectively, but not for the resonances observed by FOCUS: $D_0^{0,+}(2405)$.

The derivation of the $ q \bar q $ and the $ 3q $ potential for two dynamical quarks in a Wilson--loop context is reviewed. Some improvements are introduced. Only the usual assumptions in the evaluation of the Wilson loop integrals and expansions in the quark velocities are required for the result. It is shown that under the same assumptions it is possible to obtain the relativistic flux--tube lagrangian and a $ q \bar{q}$ Bethe--Salpeter equation with a confining kernel for spinless quarks. IFUM 482/FT


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Question: Recent International Developments under the Montreal Protocol

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Learn about EPA's efforts to address ozone layer depletion and climate change through proposed amendments to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

INTRODUCTION: INTERNATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF GLOBALIZATION ON EMERGING NOTIONS OF FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS 1. Corporate Human Rights Obligations under Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights 2. Globalization, Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic: An Interface between Free Trade and the Right to Culture 3. Freedom of Religion in a Globalized World: The European Experience 4. Globalization, Terrorism and Human Rights: The Mouse that Roared 5. Globalization and Its Effects on the Emerging Jurisprudence on the Right to Education in South Africa and Nigeria 6. The Emergence of the Human Right to Water in a Globalized Scenario and its Implications to International Investment Law 7. Interface between the Third Generation Human Rights and the Good Governance in a Globalized World 8. The Place of Capitalism in the Pursuit of Human Rights in the Globalized Relationships of States INDEX BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS


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Question: Comparative study of perinatal outcomes between pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed by the new IADPSG and the old ADA criteria

Background In 2010 the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) suggested new values for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). These values, also accepted in 2013 by the World Health Organization, are lower than those used previously, which resulted in an increase in the number of pregnant women with this diagnosis. It is still controversial if IADPSG/WHO criteria is cost-effective and safe.

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Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. However, a few studies have assessed its prevalence and risk factors among HIV patients from developing countries. The aim of this study was to identify independent risk factors for metabolic syndrome by the criteria of the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) among HIV-infected men and women. A cross-sectional study enrolled patients, aged 18 years or older, who sought to confirm the diagnosis or sought treatment in the outpatient service of a public health care center in southern Brazil. From June 2006 to December 2008, certified research assistants conducted interviews using standardized questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Fasting blood sample was collected, use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was ascertained, and MetS was characterized by AHA/NHLBI criteria. In the total, 1240 of 1295 HIV-inf...


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Question: Reliability analysis of a k-out-of-N:G redundant system in the presence of chance with multiple critical errors

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Abstract A reliability analysis of a k -out-of- N : G redundant system with multiple critical errors and r repair facilities in the presence of chance, is dealt with in this paper. The system is in a failed state when k units have failed or one of any multiple critical errors has occurred. Failed system repair times are arbitrarily distributed. The formulae for reliability function in terms of a Laplace transform, steady-state availability and mean time to failure are derived.

Current testing is an effective method which offers higher fault detection and diagnosis capabilities than voltage testing. Since current testing requires much longer testing time than voltage testing, it is important to note that a fault is untestable if the two nodes have same values at all times. In this paper, we present an object oriented fault detection scheme for various fault models using current testing. Experimental results for ISCAS benchmark circuits show the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing the number of faults and its usefulness in various fault models.


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Question: Evaluation and Social Impact Measurement Amongst Small to Medium Social Enterprises: Process, Purpose and Value

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In recent years, the imperative to communicate organisational impacts to a variety of stakeholders has gained increasing importance within all sectors. Despite growing external demands for evaluation and social impact measurement, there has been limited critically informed analysis about the presumed importance of these activities to organisational success and the practical challenges faced by organisations in undertaking such assessment. In this paper, we present the findings from an action research study of five Australian small to medium social enterprises’ practices and use of evaluation and social impact analysis. Our findings have implications for social enterprise operators, policy makers and social investors regarding when, why and at what level these activities contribute to organisational performance and the fulfilment of mission.

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1. Sound Financial Management Strategies for Achieving Good Corporate Governance Practices 2. The Foundations for Formulating Sound Financial Management Strategies Using an Integrated Financial Optimisation Model 3. Conceptual Framework and Research Methodology 4. An Integrated Financial Optimisation Model for Formulating Sound Financial Management Strategies 5. The Context of the Case Study 6. The Numerical Model, Results and Analysis 7. Implications of the Results for Sound Financial Management Strategies, Corporate Governance, and Managerial and Financial Accounting Perspectives 8. Conclusion and Recommendations for Future Research


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Question: A probability-based trust prediction model using trust-message passing

We propose a probability-based trust prediction model based on trust-message passing which takes advantage of the two kinds of information: an explicit information and an implicit information.

This work develops a new optimal program recommendation system. An IFQC (interval feature-query combination) structure is proposed for user preference modeling. Based on explicit (instant query, manual modification) and implicit (viewing behavior) feedback information, the recommendation system can learn the user's preferences adaptively and intelligently.


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Question: Similarities and differences in the language of official records in selected Crimean and Ottoman judicial books

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The aim of this paper is to discuss both similarities and differences in selected judicial books. Legal terminology and functional vocabulary will be analysed on the basis of words from a Crimean judicial book. Subsequently, books from different regions of the Ottoman Empire will be analysed with regard to their presence. Judicial books are registries which were written in Ottoman Turkish in judicial offices. This publication is an attempt at answering the following questions: Were the words and formulae used in the records similar? Are the names of objects the same? Was the language of the local population reflected in the court records?

The research guide is designed to aid students researching issues related to the origins, events, and impacts of the World War II as experienced in the Pacific Theater.


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Question: Predictive modelling of seabed sediment parameters using multibeam acoustic data: a case study on the Carnarvon Shelf, Western Australia

Seabed sediment textural parameters such as mud, sand and gravel content can be useful surrogates for predicting patterns of benthic biodiversity. Multibeam sonar mapping can provide near-complete spatial coverage of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter data that are useful in predicting sediment parameters. Multibeam acoustic data collected across a ∼1000 km2 area of the Carnarvon Shelf, Western Australia, were used in a predictive modelling approach to map eight seabed sediment parameters. Four machine learning models were used for the predictive modelling: boosted decision tree, random forest decision tree, support vector machine and generalised regression neural network. The results indicate overall satisfactory statistical performance, especially for %Mud, %Sand, Sorting, Skewness and Mean Grain Size. The study also demonstrates that predictive modelling using the combination of machine learning models has provided the ability to generate prediction uncertainty maps. However, the single models ...

An integrative and quantitative assessment of the gold potential of the Nuuk region, West Greenland


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Question: A new method to dissolve ozone into water: Deep u tube

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Abstract This new type of reactor gives a better ozone transfer in water for a consumption of energy that is comparable to the systems generally used. As it is based on a plug flow type operation, it can be equally efficient with shorter contact times. Conventional ozonation columns and U‐tubes have been compared on a pilot plant scale. The comparison was on dissolution efficiencies, chemical and biological parameters. This study shows that the U‐tube, which is efficient as an oxidation reactor, is also an interesting reactor for the disinfection of drinking waters.

Two mechanisms of vacuole format ion in microencapsulated microshells wall are introduced. It is verified that ph ase separation of trace amount of water in the organic solvent is the most possi ble course of vacuole formation.


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Question: Effect of Factors after Slaughter on Muscle Water Holding Capacity

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Muscle water holding capacity(WHC) is one of the most important meat quality attributes that closely correlates with other attributes such as color,flavor and tenderness.The research advance in the effect of factors after slaughter such as refrigeration and electrical stimulation on muscle WHC was reviewed.

1. Profound and Useful Discoveries.- 2. Comparison of the Efficiency of Nitrate and Nitrogen Fixation in Crop Yield.- 3. Nitrate Uptake, Production and Transport in the Whole Plant.- 4. Carbon and Nitrogen Partitioning in the Whole Plant - a Thesis based on Empirical Modeling.- 5. Relationships between Nitrogen Metabolism and Photosynthesis.- 6. Photosynthate Limitation of Symbiotic N2 Fixation.- 7. Photorespiration and Nitrogen Metabolism.- 8. Seed Storage Proteins: Genetics, Synthesis, Accumulation and Protein Quality.


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Question: Quantum coherence in superlattices under electric fields

Using optical spectroscopy in GaAs/GaAlAs superlattices under electric fields, we provided what we believe to be the first experimental demonstration of the formation of the Stark ladder and a direct observation of the coherence of the superlattice electronic wave functions.1

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Using Sn-I-Sn-I-Sn-I-Sn triple tunnel junctions, some spatial inhomogeneous states in superconducting tin films were observed under strong phonon injection.


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Question: Multimedia Servers, Communications Solutions and their Software

Chapter 1 and Chapter 5 have given plenty of practical examples to document why, in terms of business and of technology, we are seeing the beginnings of a convergence of computer networking and broadcasting. The business opportunity seems to be there but there is also a host of problems — one of them being skills. ::: ::: ::: Few television engineers understand networking, expecially the notions of databases, shared media and interactivity. ::: ::: ::: Then again, network engineers don’t know much about TV, interactive visualization and multimedia.

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Design and Product Management | Warehousing/distribution and Logistic solutions | Marketing and Administration


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Question: Becoming a Fluent Reader: Reading Skill and Prosodic Features in the Oral Reading of Young Readers.

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Prosodic reading, or reading with expression, is considered one of the hallmarks of fluent reading. The major purpose of the study was to learn how reading prosody is related to decoding and reading comprehension skills. Suprasegmental features of oral reading were measured in 2nd- and 3rd-grade children (N = 123) and 24 adults. Reading comprehension and word decoding skills were assessed. Children with faster decoding speed made shorter and less variable intersentential pauses, shorter intrasentential pauses, larger sentence-final fundamental frequency (F0) declinations, and better matched the adult prosodic F0 profile. Two structural equation models found evidence of a relationship between decoding speed and reading prosody as well as decoding speed and comprehension. There was only minimal evidence that prosodic reading was an important mediator of reading comprehension skill.

Volume 12, Number 1, 2004 Contents: Preface. G.A. Troia, S. Graham, Students Who Are Exceptional and Writing Disabilities: Prevention, Practice, Intervention, and Assessment. ARTICLES. B. Saddler, S. Moran, S. Graham, K.R. Harris, Preventing Writing Difficulties: The Effects of Planning Strategy Instruction on the Writing Performance of Struggling Writers. G.A. Troia, M.E. Maddox, Writing Instruction in Middle Schools: Special and General Education Teachers Share Their Views and Voice Their Concerns. S. Isaacson, Instruction That Helps Students Meet State Standards in Writing. C.A. Espin, J.W. Weissenburger, B.J. Benson, Assessing the Writing Performance of Students in Special Education.


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Question: HIV/AIDS and drug abuse: epidemiology and prevention.

In the United States, the AIDS epidemic is a dynamic process with increasing rates of AIDS reported among women, minority populations, heterosexual men, and users of drugs by routes other than injection. The 1993 CDC AIDS definition change has created some difficulties in interpreting trends in the United States. Drug use continues to represent a significant problem among HIV-infected persons. Several strategies have been advanced to decrease transmission of HIV among drug users, their sexual partners and children. However, more effective and comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies are needed.

Psychotherapy with HIV-infected persons. -- Medical overview of HIV infection. -- Neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV infection. -- Psychopharmacological interventions in HIV infections. -- Substance abuse in AIDS: the need for mental health services. -- The many faces of AIDS: opportunities for intervention. -- AIDS risk in the chronically mentally ill: clinical strategies for prevention. -- Legal, ethical, and public policy issues. -- HIV infection and the mental health clinician: future directions.


Question: represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract E.g. ['Represent this title from a paper to retrieve its scientific short abstract!', 'Electron probe microanalysis of fish otoliths — evaluation of techniques for studying age and stock discrimination'] == ['represent the abstract for retrieving the scientific paper title', 'Electron probe microanalyzers fitted with energy-dispersive (ED) and wavelength-dispersive (WD) X-ray spectrometers are the standard instruments for measuring microscale differences in the chemical composition of the calcified tissues of fishes. We review the principles of using these spectrometers, detail procedures for preparing otoliths for microanalysis, and compare the accuracy and sensitivity of the two instruments. ED systems on electron probes are prone to produce spectral artifacts, peak overlaps and difficulties in modelling nonlinear backgrounds. Current generation ED systems do not, therefore, appear suitable for quantitative analysis of trace elements ( 3μW · μm−2 resulted in unacceptable levels of specimen damage.'] != ['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'Thin sections of breast tissues from patients with possible tumors also contained closely associated mineral deposits. Using scanning electron and backscattered electron microscopy (SEM-BSE) energy and wavelength dispersive chemical analyses, we found the deposits ranged from ,1 m mt o 50mm in size and were composed predominantly of calcium phosphate. Semi-quantitative chemical determinations indicate that the mineral exhibits different Ca/P ratios depending on the site of deposition. This high-resolution methodology to chemically analyze precipitates in human tissues is a novel approach that may provide some new insights into mineral deposition in soft tissues. Application of the technique to establish compositional biases in a wide variety of tissues seems warrented. Specifically, additional data on mineral deposits in breast tissues could contribute toward the understanding of the localized changes and to the development of disease at this site.']

Question: Array substrate, liquid crystal panel and display device

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The invention discloses an array substrate, a liquid crystal panel and a display device, and provides a low-power-consumption liquid crystal panel. The array substrate comprises a substrate body, sub pixels and a second electrode, the sub pixels are positioned on the substrate body and distributed in a matrix form, a sub pixel region is provided with a first electrode comprising one or a plurality of strip electrodes extending along a first direction, the second electrode is positioned below the first electrode and insulated by an insulating layer, the first electrode is a pixel electrode, the second electrode is a common electrode, or the first electrode is a common electrode, and the second electrode is a pixel electrode. A hollowed-out region is arranged on the insulating layer and at least corresponds to a slit between two adjacent strip electrodes.

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Photovoltaic elements become common in many applications vehicles and buildings. A variety of optical elements configured to provide a variable transmission rate and / or variable reflectance for the windows and mirrors. The present invention relates to various thin film coatings, photovoltaic elements and components comprising these elements.


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E.g. '['Represent the title for retrieving the corresponding scientific abstract!', 'Effective Schrödinger equation with general ordering ambiguity position-dependent mass Morse potential']' == '['Represent this abstract from a paper to retrieve its scientific title', 'We solve the parametric generalized effective Schrodinger equation with a specific choice of position-dependent mass function and Morse oscillator potential by means of the Nikiforov-Uvarov method combined with the Pekeris approximation scheme. All bound-state energies are found explicitly and all corresponding radial wave functions are built analytically. We choose the Weyl or Li and Kuhn ordering for the ambiguity parameters in our numerical work to calculate the energy spectrum for a few (H2, LiH, HCl and CO) diatomic molecules with arbitrary vibration n and rotation l quantum numbers and different position-dependent mass functions. Two special cases including the constant mass and the vibration s-wave (l ¼ 0) are also investigated.']' != '['Represent this scientific intro in order to find the title of the paper', 'By using the Zubarev nonequilibrium statistical operator method, and the Liouville equation with fractional derivatives, a generalized diffusion equation with fractional derivatives is obtained within the Renyi statistics. Averaging in generalized diffusion coefficient is performed with a power distribution with the Renyi parameter $q$.']'

Question: Ruin Probabilities for a Risk Model with Random Income

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For the risk model with random income,an integral equation satisfying by the ultimate ruin probability was derived.Using an inductive approach,the Lundberg upper bounds for the ultimate ruin probability are shown.

In this research investigation, the author has detailed the Theory Of One Step Universal Evolution Of Any Real Positive Number.


Question: Copolymer latex, composition for battery electrode and composition for paper coating

The present invention relates to a copolymer latex which is obtained through emulsion polymerization relative to 100 by weight parts of monomer that is composed of aliphatic conjugated diene monomer, alkene unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and alkene unsaturated monomer that can be copolymerized with the aliphatic conjugated diene monomer and the alkene unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer when the following components are used as molecular weight regulating agent: 0.0005-0.6 by weight parts of hendecyl mercaptan, 0.025-1.8 by weight parts of dodecyl mercaptan, 0.0005-0.6 by weight parts of tridecyl mercaptan, 0-0.2 by weight parts of tetradecyl mercaptan and 0-0.2 by weight parts of other mercaptans.

Siloxane resin composition obtained by mixing a propyl silsesquioxane resin and MQ siloxane resin is disclosed. These siloxane resins various personal, use in automotive and Medical Care, in particular, useful as a resin additive in pigmented cosmetic formulations.


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Question: Life-history studies on Indian sea mussels

Mussel culture operations are in good progress at the demonstration farms of the Central Marine Fisheries Research ::: Insti tute at Vizhinjam and Calicut along the west coast and at Kovalam near Madras on the east coast.

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Five species of harpacticoid copepods are recorded as associates of wood-boring gribbles of the genus Limnoria, in French coastal waters. Two of these species, both belonging to the genus Tisbe, are new to science. With three of the species rearing experiments have been done in order to determine what kind of relation exists between them and Limnoria tripunctata Menzies.


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Question: Interest Group Interaction in a Legislative System

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M /r UCH DISCUSSION in group theory centers around the concepts of power and influence as attributes of political interest groups. Often this discussion does not rise above the level of defining group power in terms such as "the ability to get what one wishes out of politics."1 The basis of group power is perceived in some vague relationship between the interest group and the total way of life of the population. We must not underestimate the contribution of group theoryas first proposed by Arthur Bentley2 and developed by David B. Truman3-to the development of a more realistic view of collective interaction in politics. But what is needed now is a deeper understanding of how the interaction between groups and other power centers in the political system affects the ability of an interest group to obtain its goals. When we inquire into the effectiveness of a group we must ask: what determines its effectiveness? and what limits its effectiveness? As Philip Monypenny has expressed it:

1. A Theory of Risk for Securitization 2. The Policymakers: Logics Behind the Bilateral Relationship 3. The Policymakers: Risk Analysis of Documents 4. The Progressive Intellectuals: Brief Historical Synopsis 5. The Progressive Intellectuals: Logics Behind the PIDG 6. The Progressive Intellectuals: Risk Analysis of Documents 7. Conclusion