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Question: The same relationship occurs in many other rankings unrelated to language , such as the population ranks of cities in various countries , corporation sizes , income rankings , and so on .

The same relationship occurs in many other rankings , unrelated to language , such as the population ranks of cities in various countries , corporation sizes , income rankings , etc. .

In various surveys and rankings , it has been included among the best campuses in the nation for African Americans .


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Question: Zipf 's law states that given some corpus of natural language utterances , the frequency of any word is inversely proportional to its rank in the frequency table .

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Zipf 's law states that given a large sample of words used , the frequency of any word is inversely proportional to its rank in the frequency table .

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A normal distribution describes a full population , `` t '' - distributions describe samples drawn from a full population ; accordingly , the `` t '' - distribution for each sample size is different , and the larger the sample , the more the distribution resembles a normal distribution .


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Question: Only 135 vocabulary items are needed to account for half the Brown Corpus .

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Only 135 vocabulary items are needed to account for half the sample of words .

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( e.g. : wonderful not needed in the list because it can be built from wonder + ful ) As well as the , both Special and Specialized English also generally allow : inflections of the core words , numbers up to a million , pronouns , proper nouns , and any words whose meaning can be communicated in real time ( in a radio broadcast ) using the core vocabulary .


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Question: Zipf 's law \ / ˈzɪf \ / , an empirical law formulated using mathematical statistics , refers to the fact that many types of data studied in the physical and social sciences can be approximated with a Zipfian distribution , one of a family of related discrete power law probability distributions .

Zipf 's law is an empirical law formulated using mathematical statistics .

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`` Hapax legomena '' are quite common , as predicted by Zipf 's law , which states that the frequency of any word in a work ( corpus ) is inversely related to its rank in the frequency table .


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Question: For example , in the Brown Corpus of American English text , the word `` the '' is the most frequently occurring word , and by itself accounts for nearly 7 % of all word occurrences ( 69,971 out of slightly over 1 million ) .

For example , in one sample of words , the most frequently occurring word accounts for nearly 7 % of all the words ( 69,971 out of slightly over 1 million ) .

The 2007 `` Micropædia '' has about 65,000 articles , and about 97 % contain less than 750 words , no references , and no named contributors .


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Question: All stars are born from collapsing clouds of gas and dust , often called nebulae or molecular clouds .

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A star starts its life as a cloud of dust and gas called a nebula .

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It is in the Sagittarius constellation , but hidden from view by large clouds of cosmic dust in the spiral arms of the Milky Way .


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Question: Stellar evolution is not studied by observing the life of a single star , as most stellar changes occur too slowly to be detected , even over many centuries .

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Stellar evolution is the study of how a star changes over time .

In the study of planets ( planetology ) , a light curve can be used to work out the rotation period of a minor planet , moon , or comet nucleus .


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Question: The red-giant-branch phase of a star 's life follows the main sequence .

The stages in a star 's life are : nebula , main-sequence star , red giant and either white dwarf followed by black dwarf , neutron star or black hole .

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Only five percent of the accreted mass is fused during the power outburst .


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Question: Kansas City , Kansas , is organized into a system of neighborhoods , some with histories as independent cities or the sites of major events .

Kansas City is organized into a system of neighborhoods , some with histories as independent cities or the sites of major events .

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E.g. The Nabaganga river flows nearby the village . == The Nabaganga river flows nearby .

Although Connecticut is in counties , there is no county government . Local government is done by cities and towns .


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Question: It was one of the nation 's 100 largest cities for many US Census counts , from 1890 to 1960 , including 1920 , when it had over 100,000 residents for the first time .

It was one of the 100 largest cities for many US Census counts , from 1890-1960 , including 1920 , when it had over 100,000 residents for the first time .

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The area is the 37th largest metropolitan population in the country , with an estimated MSA population of 1,600,856 .


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Question: It is situated at Kaw Point , which is the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers .

The city is at Kaw Point , which is the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers .

The Oregon Trail started in Missouri near the area where Kansas City , Missouri is today and ended in the Willamette Valley in Oregon .


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E.g. Today Saint Helena has its own currency , the Saint Helena pound , which is at parity with the pound sterling . == Saint Helena has its own currency , the Saint Helena pound , which is at parity with the pound sterling . != It has existed since 1965 , when it replaced the British West Indies dollar , and it is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign `` $ '' or , alternatively , `` EC$ '' to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies .

Question: In June 1880 , the Governor of Kansas proclaimed the city of Kansas City a city of the second class with the Mayor Samuel McConnell present .

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In June 1880 , the Governor of Kansas made the city of Kansas City a city of the second class with the Mayor Samuel McConnell present .

Dennis Pennington , the speaker of territorial legislature and others from Harrison County in the Indiana General Assembly did not want to move the capital from Corydon .


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Question: It is part of a consolidated city-county government known as the `` Unified Government '' .

The city is part of the `` Unified Government '' .

The area not part of any organized borough is called the `` unorganized borough . ''


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Question: Wyandotte County also includes the independent cities of Bonner Springs and Edwardsville .

This also includes the cities of Bonner Springs and Edwardsville .

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Kansas City is a suburb of Kansas City , Missouri and is the third largest city in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area .


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Question: In 1997 , voters approved a proposition to unify the city and county governments creating the Unified Government of Wyandotte County .

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In 1997 , voters approved a proposition to unify the city and county governments .

The city has expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County and Fairfield County .


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Question: Kansas City is the third-largest city in the state of Kansas , the county seat of Wyandotte County , and the third-largest city of the Kansas City metropolitan area .

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Kansas City is a suburb of Kansas City , Missouri and is the third largest city in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area .

The City of La Junta is a city that is the county seat and the most populous city of Otero County , Colorado , United States .


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E.g.
"The indirect way of development is known to end in an extended pelagic plankotrophic tornaria larval stage , which means that this hemichordate exists in a larval stage that feeds on plankton before turning into an adult worm ." == "These species have a larval stage which feeds on plankton before turning into an adult worm ." != "The asexual forms are found in juvenile and immature hosts ; and the sexual forms in mature hosts ."

Question: Kansas City was formed in 1868 and incorporated in October 1872 .

Poplar Bluff was incorporated in February 1870 .


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Question: He was also Chief of Police , having a force of five men .

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The City 's 30th mayor , he was the first mayor actually born in Chicago .


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Question: John Sheehan was appointed Marshal in 1875 , by Mayor Eli Teed .

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John Sheehan was appointed Marshal in 1875 .

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It was renamed the Douglas Municipal Airport after former mayor of Charlotte Ben Elbert Douglas , Sr. in 1954 .


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Question: The first city election was held October 22 , 1872 , by order of Judge Hiram Stevens of the Tenth Judicial District , and resulted in the election of Mayor James Boyle .

It resulted in the election of Mayor James Boyle .

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At Harry , Sr. 's suggestion , Harry , Jr. was appointed to succeed him by Virginia Governor Albertis S. Harrison Jr. and won a special election as a Democrat to serve the remainder of his father 's term in 1966 .


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Question: Neighborhoods of Kansas City , Kansas : The Kansas City , Missouri metro area 's media market includes ten television channels along with 30 FM and 21 AM radio stations .

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As of 2014 , Azerbaijan has 9 AM radio stations , 17 FM radio stations , and one shortwave radio station .


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Question: Gwynt y Môr ( Welsh : Sea Wind ) is an under-construction , 576-megawatt ( MW ) offshore wind farm located off the coast of North Wales .

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Gwynt y Môr is a 576 MW offshore wind farm off the coast of North Wales .

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The Roscoe Wind Farm in Roscoe , Texas , is the world 's largest wind farm ( as of October 2009 ) with 627 wind turbines and a total installed capacity of 781.5 MW , which surpasses the nearby 735.5 MW Horse Hollow Wind Energy Center .


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Question: The wind farm will be located close to the existing North Hoyle and Rhyl Flats offshore wind farms .

The wind farm is near the existing North Hoyle offshore wind farm and the Rhyl Flats offshore wind farm .

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For example, So , gametophytes produce haploid sperm and eggs which fuse to form diploid zygotes that grow into sporophytes . should be similar to Gametophytes produce haploid sperm and eggs which fuse to form diploid zygotes that grow into sporophytes .

The Airport is also the main heliport for the Scottish offshore oil industry .


Question: Paper made from chemical pulps are also known as wood-free papers-not to be confused with tree-free paper .

Modern paper is normally made from wood pulp .

Synthetic ultramarine are very cheap , and is largely used for wall painting , the printing of paperhangings and calico . It is also used to correct the yellowish tinge found in things meant to be white , such as linen , paper , etc. .


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Question: The pulp can also be bleached to produce white paper , but this consumes 5 % of the fibers .

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Paper pulp can be bleached to make blank paper , and dyes can be added to make colored paper .

Modern machines recover approximately 99.99 % of the solvent that was used .


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Question: Recycled papers can be made from 100 % recycled materials or blended with virgin pulp .

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Chlorine dioxide is used to bleach wood pulp to make paper .


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Question: Paper is a versatile material with many uses .

The material used in this ancient paper included cotton rags , hemp , various plant fibers , and old fish nets .

Another application of the material sciences is the structures of glass and ceramics , typically associated with the most brittle materials .


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Question: Eumelanin is the dominant pigment in dark-blond , brown hair , and black hair , while pheomelanin is dominant in red hair .

A low concentration of brown eumelanin results in blond hair , but more brown eumelanin will color the hair brown .

The brightly colored eyes of many birds , reptiles and insects is caused by other pigments , such as pteridines , purines , and carotenoids .


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Question: All natural hair colors are the result of two types of hair pigment .

Natural hair color can be given only by genes .

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Other colours , such as yellow and orange , are due to other mineral impurities .


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Question: Glossopterids were , thus , one of the major casualties of the end-Permian mass extinction event .

Glossopterids were , thus , one of the major casualties of the end-Permian mass-extinction event .

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This massive eruptive event spanned the Permian-Triassic boundary , about 250 million years ago , and is widely cited as a cause of the Permian-Triassic extinction event .


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Question: The only convincing Triassic records are very earliest Triassic leaves from Nidpur , India , but even these records are somewhat questionable owing to faulting and complex juxtapositioning of Permian and Triassic strata at Nidpur .

Even these records are somewhat questionable owing to faulting and complex juxtapositioning of Permian and Triassic strata at Nidpur .

Also , for curators or collectors , the term ` pteridosperm ' is a useful shorthand for describing fern-like fronds probably produced by seed plants , which are often found in Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossil floras .


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Question: Although most modern palaeobotany textbooks cite the continuation of glossopterids into later parts of the Triassic and , in some cases into the Jurassic , these ranges are erroneous and are based on misidentification of morphologically similar leaves such as Gontriglossa , Sagenopteris , or Mexiglossa .

Although most modern palaeobotany textbooks cite the continuation of glossopterids into later parts of the Triassic and , in some cases into the Jurassic , these are mistakes based on misidentification of similar leaves such as those of Gontriglossa , Sagenopteris , or Mexiglossa .

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The earliest fossils of the genus Cycas appear in the Cainozoic , but Cycas-like fossils occur well into the Mesozoic .


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Question: These plants went on to become the dominant elements of the southern flora through the rest of the Permian but disappeared in almost all places at the end of the Permian ( 252.2 million years ago ) .

These plants went on to become the dominant elements of the southern flora through the rest of the Permian but disappeared in almost all places at the end of the Permian ( ~ 250mya ) .

Chitons have a relatively good fossil record , stretching back 400 million years to the Devonian .


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Question: Their distribution across several , now detached , landmasses led Eduard Suess , amongst others , to propose that the southern continents were once amalgamated into a single supercontinent - Pangea .

Their distribution across several continents led Eduard Suess to suggest the southern continents were once together in a single supercontinent - Gondwana .

Rodinia , meaning `` to give birth '' , is the name of a supercontinent .


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Fewshots:
'Urban civil parishes continued to exist however were generally coterminous with the urban district or municipal borough in which they lay which took over almost all of their functions .' == 'Urban parishes continued to exist , and boundaries were usually changed to be the same as the urban district or municipal borough in which they were situated .' != 'Elected county councils were set up in England in 1889 , taking over many of the administrative functions of the Quarter Sessions courts , as well as being given other powers over the years .'

Question: The Glossopteridales arose in the Southern Hemisphere around the beginning of the Permian Period ( 298.9 million years ago ) .

The Glossopteridales arose in the Southern Hemisphere around the beginning of the Permian ( ~ 300 milliom years ago ) .

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Examples:

"Reggio Emilia is a city in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Italy ." == "Reggio Emilia ( ; , ) is a city in northern Italy , in the Emilia-Romagna region ."

The Silurian was the period from the end of the Ordovician , about 443.4 million years ago ( mya ) to the beginning of the Devonian period , about 419 mya .


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Question: The Dominican city of San Francisco de Bánica , or simply Bánica , is a municipality of the Elías Piña province , on the border with Haiti and near the Artibonite river .

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The Dominican city of San Francisco de Bánica , or simply Bánica , is a municipality of the Elías Piña province , on the border with Haiti and near the River Artibonite .

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El Llano ( in English , `` The Plain '' ) is a Dominican municipality in the Elías Piña Province .


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Question: The name Bánica comes from the Taíno name of the region , Banique ( `` land of ebony '' ) .

The name Bánica comes from the Taíno name of the region , Banique ( `` land of ebony trees '' ) .

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The name comes from the Chibchan language . It means `` moon '' or `` month '' .


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Question: When the Haitians occupied the eastern part of the island ( the present Dominican Republic ) , they founded again the town as part of the Département of Artibonite .

When the Haitians occupied the eastern part of the island ( the present Dominican Republic ) , they founded again the town as part of the Artibonite department .

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The provided query could be "In arguments , compromise is a concept of finding agreement through communication , through a mutual acceptance of terms , while often involving variations from an original goal or desire ." and the positive "In arguments , compromise is a concept of finding agreement through communication , through a mutual acceptance of terms-often involving variations from an original goal or desire ."

Higüey was the Taíno name of the eastern part of the island .


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Question: After the `` Restoration War '' ( 1863-1865 ) , some families from other towns close to the Haitian border came to live in Bánica .

After the `` Restoration War '' ( 1863 - 1865 ) , some families from other towns near the Haitian border came to live in Bánica .

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The hamlets '' ( Spanish : Caseríos ) '' of El General , Palmares , Rivas , and Ureña were populated from 1900 onward .


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Question: After the Independence in 1844 , the town was elevated by the Dominican government to the category of municipality of the Azua province .

After the Dominican Independence in 1844 , the town was made a municipality of the Azua province .

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Cattle are also grazed in the province , which was , until the 1975 , part of the Oriente province that was divided into five smaller provinces by the Cuban government .


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Question: Rouben Zachary Mamoulian ( pronunciation perhaps roo-BEN mah-mool-YAHN ) ( October 8 , 1897 - December 4 , 1987 ) was an Armenian-American film and theater director .

Rouben Mamoulian ( Armenian : Ռուբեն Մամուլյան ) ( October 8 , 1897 - December 4 , 1987 ) was an Armenian-American movie and theater director .

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Gene Saks ( Jean Michael Saks ; November 8 , 1921 -- March 28 , 2015 ) was an American stage and movie director .


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Question: In 1930 , Mamoulian became a naturalized citizen of the United States .

In 1930 , he became a naturalized citizen of the United States .

In 1977 , he was appointed ambassador to Mexico by President Jimmy Carter .


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Question: He was brought to America the next year by Vladimir Rosing to teach at the Eastman School of Music and was involved in directing opera and theater .

He moved to America the next year to teach in Eastman School of Music and was involved in directing opera and theater .

Between 1995 and 2000 she spent performing and studying chamber music at the Marlboro Music Festival in Vermont , and in 1996 she served as an artist and a member of the chamber music mentoring program of The Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center .


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Question: Robert Charles Durman Mitchum ( August 6 , 1917 - July 1 , 1997 ) was an American film actor , author , composer and singer .

Robert Mitchum ( August 6 , 1917 - July 1 , 1997 ) was an American actor .

William Frank Jones , better known as Christopher Jones ( August 18 , 1941 -- January 31 , 2014 ) , was an American movie and television actor .


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Question: Additionally , 40-45 % thought adoptees were more likely to have behavior problems and trouble at school .

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Also , 40 - 50 percent thought adoptees would probably have behavior problems at school .

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Often , the person is unaware that they did not make sense .


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Question: The most recent adoption attitudes survey completed by the Evan Donaldson Institute provides further evidence of this stigma .

Some research by the Evan Donaldson Institute shows more proof of this .

Although these reports did not contain any scores or rankings , the evaluation report for Paris was seen as the most positive , followed closely by London .


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Question: Both graduate degrees were in mathematics and physics .

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Both graduate degrees were in mathematics and mathematical physics .

When he was young there were virtually no degrees in British universities in biology , and few courses .


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Question: William Edwards Deming ( October 14 , 1900 - December 20 , 1993 ) was an American statistician , professor , author , lecturer , and consultant .

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William Edwards Deming ( October 14 , 1900 - December 20 , 1993 ) was an American engineer who improved how companies manage making products .

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E.g. In computing , off-site data protection , or vaulting , is the strategy of sending critical data off the main site . == In computing , off-site data protection , or vaulting , is the strategy of sending critical data out of the main location ( `` off '' the main `` site '' ) as part of a disaster recovery plan .

Warren Gamaliel Bennis ( March 8 , 1925 -- July 31 , 2014 ) was an American scholar , organizational consultant and author . He is thought to be a pioneer of Leadership studies .


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Question: The books that were influential in the early development of computational quantum chemistry include Linus Pauling and E. Bright Wilson 's 1935 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics - with Applications to Chemistry , Eyring , Walter and Kimball 's 1944 Quantum Chemistry , Heitler 's 1945 Elementary Wave Mechanics - with Applications to Quantum Chemistry , and later Coulson 's 1952 textbook Valence , each of which served as primary references for chemists in the decades to follow .

Influential books in the early development of computational quantum chemistry include Linus Pauling and E. Bright Wilson 's 1935 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics - with Applications to Chemistry , Eyring , Walter and Kimball 's 1944 Quantum Chemistry , Heitler 's 1945 Elementary Wave Mechanics - with Applications to Quantum Chemistry , and later Coulson 's 1952 textbook Valence , each of which served as primary references for chemists in the decades to follow .

He is currently editing the `` Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioural Genetics '' , a series of handbooks published by Cambridge University Press . The first volume , `` Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse '' , will appear in 2013 .


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Given Sorghum is a genus of plants in the grass family ., a positive would be Sorghum is a genus in the grass family `` Poaceae '' . & a negative would be Poa pratensis , also Smooth Meadow-grass , Common Meadow Grass , or Kentucky Bluegrass , is a perennial species of the grass family Poaceae .

Question: The local minimum that is lowest is called the global minimum and corresponds to the most stable isomer .

The local minimum that is lowest is called the `` global minimum '' and corresponds to the most stable isomer .

The path to the left shows the thermodynamic product , while the path to the right shows the kinetic product .


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Question: Computational chemists , in contrast , may simply apply existing computer programs and methodologies to specific chemical questions .

Computational chemists , in contrast , may simply apply existing computer programs and methodologies to answer specific chemical questions .

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Fundamental studies of the discipline are the sciences of physics and mathematics as these help to get both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of how such systems will work .


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Question: The first ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations on diatomic molecules were carried out in 1956 at MIT , using a basis set of Slater orbitals .

The first ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations on molecules with two atoms ( diatomic ) were carried out in 1956 at MIT , using a basis set of Slater orbitals .

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CNDO can be used for closed shell molecules , where the electrons are fully paired in molecular orbitals .


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Question: Of these four programs , only GAUSSIAN , now massively expanded , is still in use , but many other programs are now in use .

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Of these four programs , only GAUSSIAN , now massively expanded , is still in use .

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The NT version number is not now generally used for marketing purposes , but is still used internally , and said to reflect the degree of changes to the core of the operating system .


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Question: For diatomic molecules , a systematic study using a minimum basis set and the first calculation with a larger basis set were published by Ransil and Nesbet respectively in 1960 .

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For molecules with two atoms , a systematic study using a minimum basis set and the first calculation with a larger basis set were published by Ransil and Nesbet respectively in 1960 .

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The Extended Huckel method was an earlier method for calculating molecular orbitals and the electronic energy .


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Question: Evaluation of the related second derivatives allows the prediction of vibrational frequencies if harmonic motion is estimated .

Evaluation of the related second derivatives allows the prediction of vibrational frequencies by estimating harmonic motion .

In the case of simple hybridization , this approximation is based on atomic orbitals .


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Question: There are two different aspects to computational chemistry : Thus , computational chemistry can assist the experimental chemist or it can challenge the experimental chemist to find entirely new chemical objects .

There are two different aspects to computational chemistry : So , computational chemistry can assist experimental chemists .

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Question: In 1964 , Hückel method calculations ( using a simple linear combination of atomic orbitals ( LCAO ) method for the determination of electron energies of molecular orbitals of π electrons in conjugated hydrocarbon systems ) of molecules ranging in complexity from butadiene and benzene to ovalene , were generated on computers at Berkeley and Oxford .

In 1964 , Hückel method calculations ( using a simple linear combination of atomic orbitals ( LCAO ) method for the determination of electron energies of molecular orbitals of π electrons in conjugated hydrocarbon systems ) were generated on computers at Berkeley and Oxford .

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Cyclopropylcarbinyl cations can be studied by NMR : In the NMR spectrum of a dimethyl derivative , two nonequivalent signals are found for the two methyl groups indicating that the molecular conformation of this cation not perpendicular ( as in A ) but is bisected ( as in B ) with the empty p-orbital and the cyclopropyl ring system in the same plane : In terms of bent bond theory , this preference is explained by assuming favorable orbital overlap between the filled cyclopropane bent bonds and the empty p-orbital .


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Question: This process of determining stationary points is called geometry optimization .

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This process of determining stationary points is called `` geometry optimization '' .

In that case stoichiometric information can be obtained during the reaction .


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Question: Both ab initio and semi-empirical approaches involve approximations .

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Both ab initio and semi-empirical approaches use approximations .


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Question: For example , most ab initio calculations make the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which greatly simplifies the underlying Schrödinger equation by assuming that the nuclei remain in place during the calculation .

For example , most ab initio calculations make the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which greatly simplifies the underlying Schrödinger equation by freezing the nuclei in place during the calculation .

Generally , a chemical species can be defined as an ensemble of chemically identical molecular entities that can explore the same set of molecular energy levels on a defined time scale .


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Question: A stationary point is a geometry such that the derivative of the energy with respect to all displacements of the nuclei is zero .

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A stationary point is a geometry where the derivative of the energy with respect to all displacements of the nuclei is zero .

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Then , at each point in the room , the gradient at that point will show the direction in which the temperature rises most quickly .


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Question: Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses computer simulation to assist in solving chemical problems .

Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses computer science to help solve chemical problems .

Crystallography is a tool that is often employed in materials science .


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Question: Each isomer is a local minimum on the energy surface ( called the potential energy surface ) created from the total energy ( i.e. , the electronic energy , plus the repulsion energy between the nuclei ) as a function of the coordinates of all the nuclei .

Each isomer is a local minimum on the energy surface ( called the potential energy surface ) created from the total energy ( that is , the electronic energy , plus the repulsion energy between the nuclei ) as a function of the positions of all the nuclei .

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Question: A very detailed account of such use in the United Kingdom is given by Smith and Sutcliffe .

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Smith and Sutcliffe wrote a very detailed account of such use in the United Kingdom .

The text , unattributed , was written by James Edward Smith .


Question: A single molecular formula can represent a number of molecular isomers .

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Computational chemistry has five major parts : A single molecular formula can represent a number of molecular isomers .

Amount of substance ( also called chemical amount ) is a quantity defined by standards to measures the size a group of individual elementary entities , such as atoms , molecules and electrons , along with other particles .


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Question: This leads to the evaluation of the total energy as a sum of the electronic energy at fixed nuclei positions and the repulsion energy of the nuclei .

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With this simplification , the total energy is a sum of the electronic energy at fixed nuclei positions and the repulsion energy of the nuclei .

A stationary point is a geometry where the derivative of the energy with respect to all displacements of the nuclei is zero .


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Question: Computational chemistry methods range from highly accurate to very approximate ; highly accurate methods are typically feasible only for small systems .

Computational chemistry methods range from highly accurate to very approximate .

Fundamental studies of the discipline are the sciences of physics and mathematics as these help to get both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of how such systems will work .


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Question: The goal of computational chemistry is to minimize this residual error while keeping the calculations tractable .

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The goal of computational chemistry is to minimize this residual error while keeping the calculations to a size that a computer can perform .

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Given Clifford Leopold Alexander , Jr. ( born September 21 , 1933 ) is an American lawyer , businessman and politician ., a positive would be Clifford Leopold Alexander , Jr. ( born September 21 , 1933 ) is an American lawyer , businessman and public servant .


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Question: In all cases the computer time and other resources ( such as memory and disk space ) increase rapidly with the size of the system being studied .

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In all cases , as the size of the system being studied grows , the computer time and other resources ( such as memory and disk space ) used also grows .

More generally , fewer than 10 bits per element are required for a 1 % false positive probability , independent of the size or number of elements in the set .


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Question: Examples of such properties are structure ( i.e. the expected positions of the constituent atoms ) , absolute and relative ( interaction ) energies , electronic charge distributions , dipoles and higher multipole moments , vibrational frequencies , reactivity or other spectroscopic quantities , and cross sections for collision with other particles .

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Computational chemistry can predict structure ( that is , the expected positions of the molecule 's atoms ) , absolute and relative ( interaction ) energies , electronic charge distributions , dipoles and higher multipole moments , vibrational frequencies , reactivity or other spectroscopic quantities , and cross sections for collision with other particles .

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The energy difference between `` classical '' carbocations and `` non-classical '' isomers is often very small , and there is generally little , if any activation energy involved in the transition between `` classical '' and `` non-classical '' structures .


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E.g. given 'Hence , a direct translation of the name Kota Kinabalu into English would be `` City of Kinabalu '' or `` Kinabalu City '' .' it should be close to 'Henceforth , a direct translation of the name Kota Kinabalu into English would be `` City of Kinabalu '' or `` Kinabalu City '' .' but not to '`` Sheosar Lake '' means `` Blind Lake '' , as `` Sheo '' in Shina Language means `` Blind '' and `` Sar '' means `` Lake '' .'.

Question: The total energy is determined by approximate solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation , usually with no relativistic terms included , and by making use of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which allows for the separation of electronic and nuclear motions , thereby simplifying the Schrödinger equation .

The Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which allows for the separation of electronic and nuclear motions , can simplify the Schrödinger equation .

CNDO does not involve knowledge about chemical bonds but instead uses knowledge about quantum wavefunctions .


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Question: With the development of efficient computer technology in the 1940s , the solutions of elaborate wave equations for complex atomic systems began to be a realizable objective .

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Examples:
Provided: "The village is 2 km west of Muri ." Match: "The village is west of Muri ."

The development of efficient computer technology in the 1940s made calculating elaborate wave equations for complex atomic systems possible .

Engineering within the tunnels , following each discovery , has become progressively more advanced .


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Question: When one of these is found , it is necessary to move the search away from it if the experimenter is looking solely for local minima and transition structures .

However , most experimental chemists are looking solely for local minima and transition structures .

Others detect the signal , and respond in two ways : The effect of this is to relay the signal through the nearby population of amoebae . They move to the area of highest signal concentration .


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Question: Theoretical chemists became extensive users of the early digital computers .

Theoretical chemists used the early digital computers a lot .

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The concepts it uses connects it to such diverse fields as complex analysis , topology and number theory .


Question: represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence! The provided query could be 'In February 2013 , her involvement with the Eurovision Song Contest continued as she hosted `` Unser Song für Malmö '' , the German national final .' and the positive 'In February 2013 , her involvement with the Eurovision Song Contest will continue as she will host `` Unser Song für Malmö '' , the German national final .' and the negative 'In 1980 Telex 's manager asked the group to enter the Eurovision Song Contest .'

Question: It uses methods of theoretical chemistry , incorporated into efficient computer programs , to calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids .

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These programs calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids .


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Question: Building on the founding discoveries and theories in the history of quantum mechanics , the first theoretical calculations in chemistry were those of Walter Heitler and Fritz London in 1927 .

They built on the founding discoveries and theories in the history of quantum mechanics .

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Although the idea of a power law had been suggested by 19th century researchers , Stevens is credited with reviving the law and publishing a body of psychophysical data to support it in 1957 .


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Question: The term theoretical chemistry may be defined as a mathematical description of chemistry , whereas computational chemistry is usually used when a mathematical method is sufficiently well developed that it can be automated for implementation on a computer .

Computational chemistry uses mathematical methods that are well developed .

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Question: As these methods are pushed to the limit , they approach the exact solution of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation .

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Approximate solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation give the total energy of the system , usually with no relativistic terms included .

The invariable plane is simply derived from the sum of angular momenta , and is almost `` invariable '' ( unchanging ) over the entire system .


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Question: During the 1970s , widely different methods began to be seen as part of a new emerging discipline of computational chemistry .

During the 1970s , computational chemistry adopted many different methods .

In these first works he tries to combine mathematics , psychology and philosophy with a main goal to provide a sound foundation for mathematics .


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Question: While computational results normally complement the information obtained by chemical experiments , it can in some cases predict hitherto unobserved chemical phenomena .

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Computational chemistry normally complements the information obtained by chemical experiments .

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Fundamental studies of the discipline are the sciences of physics and mathematics as these help to get both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of how such systems will work .


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Question: Jack Sock defeated Denis Kudla , 3-6 , 6-2 , 6-2 Daria Gavrilova defeated Yulia Putintseva , 6-3 , 6-2 Duilio Beretta \ / Roberto Quiroz defeated Oliver Golding \ / Jiří Veselý , 6-1 , 7-5 Tímea Babos \ / Sloane Stephens defeated An-Sophie Mestach \ / Silvia Njirić , walkover Shingo Kunieda defeated Nicolas Peifer , walkover Esther Vergeer defeated Daniela Di Toro , 6-0 , 6-0 Maikel Scheffers \ / Ronald Vink defeated Nicolas Peifer \ / Jon Rydberg , 6-0 , 6-0 Esther Vergeer \ / Sharon Walraven defeated Daniela Di Toro \ / Aniek van Koot , 6-3 , 6-3 David Wagner defeated Peter Norfolk , 6-0 , 2-6 , 6-3 Nick Taylor \ / David Wagner defeated Johan Andersson \ / Peter Norfolk , 7-5 , 7-6 ( 4 )

Jack Sock beat Denis Kudla , 3-6 , 6-2 , 6-2 Daria Gavrilova beat Yulia Putintseva , 6-3 , 6-2 Duilio Beretta \ / Roberto Quiroz beat Oliver Golding \ / Jiří Veselý , 6-1 , 7-5 Tímea Babos \ / Sloane Stephens beat An-Sophie Mestach \ / Silvia Njirić , walkover Shingo Kunieda beat Nicolas Peifer , walkover Esther Vergeer beat Daniela Di Toro , 6-0 , 6-0 Maikel Scheffers \ / Ronald Vink beat Nicolas Peifer \ / Jon Rydberg , 6-0 , 6-0 Esther Vergeer \ / Sharon Walraven beat Daniela Di Toro \ / Aniek van Koot , 6-3 , 6-3 David Wagner beat Peter Norfolk , 6-0 , 2-6 , 6-3 Nick Taylor \ / David Wagner beat Johan Andersson \ / Peter Norfolk , 7-5 , 7-6 ( 4 )

Shingo Kunieda / Maikel Scheffers def . Stéphane Houdet / Nicolas Peifer , 6 -- 3 , 6 -- 3 .


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Question: Vania King \ / Yaroslava Shvedova defeated Liezel Huber \ / Nadia Petrova , 2-6 , 6-4 , 7-6 ( 7-4 ) Liezel Huber \ / Bob Bryan defeated Květa Peschke \ / Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi , 6-4 , 6-4 .

Vania King \ / Yaroslava Shvedova beat Liezel Huber \ / Nadia Petrova , 2-6 , 6-4 , 7-6 ( 4 ) Liezel Huber \ / Bob Bryan beat Květa Peschke \ / Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi , 6-4 , 6-4 .

Katarina Srebotnik / Daniel Nestor def . Chan Yung-jan / Paul Hanley , 6 -- 3 , 3 -- 6 , 10 -- 7 .


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Question: The 2010 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts , held from August 30 to September 13 , 2010 in the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows , Queens , New York City , United States .

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The 2010 US Open was a tennis event played on an outdoor hard courts , held between August 30 and September 13 , 2010 at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows , Queens , New York City , United States .

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Armageddon ( 2006 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was held on December 17 , 2006 at Richmond Coliseum in Richmond , Virginia .


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Question: The tournament was initially going to finish with Men 's Singles final on September 12 , but was postponed due to rain on the last day and just before the men 's tournament final .

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The men 's singles final was initially going to be played on September 12 , but due to rain the final was postponed till the following day .

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It ran from October 1 , 2009 , including four games in Europe on October 2 and 3-until April 11 , 2010 , with the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs currently being played , all the way up to early June 2010 .


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Question: Rafael Nadal defeated Novak Djokovic , 6-4 , 5-7 , 6-4 , 6-2 Kim Clijsters defeated Vera Zvonareva , 6-2 , 6-1 \* It was Clijsters ' 4th title of the year and 39th of her career .

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Rafael Nadal beat Novak Djokovic , 6-4 , 5-7 , 6-4 , 6-2 Kim Clijsters beat Vera Zvonareva , 6-2 , 6-1 Bob Bryan \ / Mike Bryan beat Rohan Bopanna \ / Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi , 7-6 ( 5 ) , 7-6 ( 4 ) .

Daria Gavrilova won this event , after beating her compatriot Yulia Putintseva 6 -- 3 , 6 -- 2 in the final .


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Question: Crohn 's disease is one type of inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD ) .

Therefore , Crohn 's disease is one of two inflammatory bowel diseases and one of many autoimmune diseases .

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It also may happen when people get old , or can not eat properly , or who have sicknesses such as AIDS , inflammatory bowel disease , diabetes and chronic heart disease .


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Question: Many people with Crohn 's disease have symptoms for years prior to the diagnosis .

People with Crohn 's disease often have pain in the gut , diarrhea , vomiting , and weight loss .

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If symptoms have not improved in two or three days , a person will need further tests .


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Question: The arthritis in Crohn 's disease can be divided into two types .

Crohn 's disease , Crohn disease , or Leśniowski-Crohn disease is an illness that causes the intestines , or other parts of the digestive tract ( the parts of the body food goes through ) , to become swollen , and sometimes develop ulcers ( holes ) .

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Other authors state that DAI can occur in every degree of severity from ( very ) mild or moderate to ( very ) severe .


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Fewshots:
'He was the author of a history of the Oxford Movement , written to coincide with its centenary in 1933 .' == 'He was also the author of a history of the Oxford Movement , which written to coincide with its centenary in 1933 .' != 'She drafted her memoires again in English a few years later , which were published under the title `` Fifteen Years of a Dancer 's Life '' by Herbert Jenkins ( London ) in 1913 .'

Question: Tobacco smokers are two times more likely to develop Crohn 's disease than nonsmokers .

Men and women are both just as likely to get Crohn 's disease .


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Question: The term has expanded to include use of the same mechanism in recording , positioning , and servomechanism equipment .

The term has been expanded to include uses of the same mechanism in recording , positioning , and servomechanism equipment .

In particular , they can made be to do things with their advanced audio capabilities and various sensory interfaces .


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Question: The most familiar use is as an analog measuring instrument , often called an ammeter .

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The most familiar use is as an analog measuring instrument , often called a meter .

Medical Tuning Fork 128 Hz A radar gun , used to measure the speed of cars or balls in sports , is usually calibrated with tuning forks .


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Question: Careful design of the pole pieces ensures that the magnetic field is uniform , so that the angular deflection of the pointer is proportional to the current .

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Careful design of the pole pieces ensures that the magnetic field is uniform , so that the angle of the pointer is proportional to the current .

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The provided query could be "The following year he became principal of Peabody Graded School in Wilmington , North Carolina in 1881 ." and the positive "The following year , due to his success , he was elected principal of Peabody Graded School in Wilmington , North Carolina , still aged only 21 ."

In an AC field , the reluctance is the ratio of the amplitude values for a sinusoidal MMF and magnetic flux .


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Question: To avoid errors due to parallax , a plane mirror is mounted below the compass needle .

To avoid errors due to parallax a plane mirror is mounted below the compass needle .

The directionality can be improved by reducing the size of the opening , and by putting a reflective layer behind the receptor cells .


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Question: It was first described by Claude Pouillet in 1837 .

It was first described by Claude Servais Mathias Pouillet in 1837 .

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The species was named after a man called W. C. Campbell , who collected the first one in Mongolia on 1 July 1902 .


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Question: A galvanometer is a type of sensitive ammeter : an instrument for detecting electric current .

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Fewshot example: "In 1513 and 1514 he created his three most famous engravings , The Knight , Death , and the Devil ( or simply , The Knight , as he called it , 1513 ) , Melencolia I , and St. Jerome in his Study ( both 1514 ) ." == "However , in 1513 and 1514 Dürer created his three most famous engravings : Knight , Death , and the Devil ( 1513 , probably based on Erasmus 's treatise Enchiridion militis Christiani ) , St. Jerome in his Study , and the much-debated Melencolia I ( both 1514 ) ."

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For instance, <<Earlier , the name of the town was Christ Church .>>  to <<Some early writers called the town Christ Church , but it was recorded as Christchurch in the minutes of the management committee of the association .>>

Magnetic reluctance , or magnetic resistance , is a measurement used in the analysis of magnetic circuits .


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Question: It is an analog electromechanical actuator that produces a rotary deflection of some type of pointer in response to electric current flowing through its coil in a magnetic field .

It is an analog electromechanical transducer that produces a rotary deflection , through a limited arc , in response to electric current flowing through its coil .

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A traction motor is used to make rotation torque on a machine .


Question: Galvanometers were the first instruments used to detect and measure electric currents .

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It is an instrument for detecting and measuring electric current .

Excitation is a process to create a magnetic field from electric current .


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Question: Campaigns in the United States have historically molded public opinion to believe that wildfires are always harmful to nature .

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In the United States , campaigns have made people believe that wildfires are always harmful to nature .

Most wildlife is concerned with the preservation and improvement of habitats .


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Question: This view is based on the outdated belief that ecosystems progress toward an equilibrium and that any disturbance , such as fire , disrupts the harmony of nature .

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This is based on the outdated belief that ecosystems grow towards an equilibrium ; disturbances , such as fires disrupts the harmony of nature .

However , the concept is also applicable to water , and soil , and any other aspect of an ecosystem which can be both harvested and renewed - the so-called renewable resources .


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Question: More recent ecological research has shown , however , that fire is an integral component in the function and biodiversity of many natural habitats , and that the organisms within these communities have adapted to withstand , and even to exploit , natural wildfire .

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The organisms in these communities have adapted to withstand , and even to exploit , natural wildfire .

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Vegetation in a subarctic climate is generally of low diversity , because only hardy species can survive the long winters and make use of the short summers .


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Question: He was a prolific writer in multiple branches of theology , including textual criticism , biblical exegesis and hermeneutics , philosophical theology , preaching , and spirituality .

Origen was a prolific writer in many branches of theology , including textual criticism , biblical exegesis and hermeneutics , philosophical theology , preaching , and spirituality .

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He has interests in linguistics , archaeology , biochemistry and music .


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Question: Origen is regarded as a Church Father , but not a Saint .

Today , he is regarded as one of the Church Fathers , but not as a Saint .

Celestine V is a saint of the Catholic Church .


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Question: Their heads are small and narrow , with hard , upturned noses .

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Their head is small and narrow , with a hard , upturned nose .

Although their body shapes and colouring vary , most are shiny black or metallic . They have ridged wing covers ( elytra ) .


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Question: The shovelnose frogs are moderate-sized frogs , reaching a length of 8 cm ( 3.1 in ) .

The shovelnose frogs are medium sized frogs , reaching a length of 8 centimetres ( 3.1 in ) .

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Hyperoliids range from 1.5 centimetres ( 0.59 in ) to 8 centimetres ( 3.1 in ) in body length .


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Question: The tadpoles may remain out of water up to a few days .

The tadpoles may stay out of water for up to a few days .

Both parents help in raising the young , which are able to fly at around two weeks of age .


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Question: The shovelnose frogs are the species of frogs in the genus , Hemisus , the only genus in the family Hemisotidae .

The shovelnose frogs are nine species of frog in the genus , Hemisus .

The magnificent tree frog or splendid tree frog ( `` Litoria splendida '' ) is a species of tree frogs .


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Question: The shovelnose frogs are burrowing frogs , living most of their lives underground .

The shovelnose frogs are digging frogs .

Sea snakes , or `` coral snakes , are poisonous elapid snakes that live in marine environments for most or all of their lives .


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Question: Once sufficient rain has fallen , the female burrows with her nose towards a water source , where the tadpoles will remain until metamorphosis .

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The tadpoles will stay there until metamorphosis .

The host remains alive until the parasitoid larvae are mature , usually dying either when the parasitoids pupate , or when they emerge as adults .


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Question: The male leaves through the tunnel , and the female remains with the eggs .

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To give you a sense - "It is not known whether Bahrain was part of the Seleucid Empire ." should be close to "It is not known whether Bahrain was part of the Seleucid Empire , although the archaeological site at Qalat Al Bahrain has been proposed as a Seleucid base in the Persian Gulf ."

The male will leave through the tunnel , and the female will stay with the eggs .

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During the day , when adult individuals are not swarming , they cover the comb face of the nest several layers thick .


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Question: The seat is located in the eastern suburbs of Brisbane , and includes the suburbs of Capalaba , Cleveland , Redland Bay , Birkdale , Thorneside , Alexandra Hills , Thornlands , Mount Cotton , Cornubia , Ormiston , Wellington Point and Victoria Point .

The seat is located in the eastern suburbs of Brisbane , and includes Capalaba , Cleveland , Redland Bay , Birkdale , Thorneside , Alexandra Hills , Thornlands , Mount Cotton , Cornubia , Ormiston , Wellington Point and Victoria Point .

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The boundaries of Caulfield are Kooyong Road in the west , Glen Eira Road in the north , Glenhuntly Road in the south and Booran Road in the east .


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Question: The division also incorporates various islands of Moreton Bay including Coochiemudlo Island , the inhabited southern Bay Islands ( Russell , Karragarra , Macleay and Lamb ) and the big tourist destination of North Stradbroke Island .

It also includes the islands of Moreton Bay including Coochiemudlo Island , the Bay Islands ( Russell , Karragarra , Macleay and Lamb ) and North Stradbroke Island .

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Some of the relatively undisturbed natural features near the mouth of the river have been protected as a Queensland National Park , the Endeavour River National Park .


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Question: The division was created in 1949 and is named for David Bowman , an early leader of the Australian Labor Party , in Queensland .

It was set up in 1949 and is named for David Bowman ( 1860-1916 ) , an early leader of the Australian Labor Party , in Queensland .

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Its name is in honor of Henry H. Chambers . He was a United States Senator from Alabama .


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Question: Following the 2007 election , it was second only to McEwen as the most marginal seat in the country , although the 2009 electoral redistribution in Queensland saw the margin notionally reduced even further to effectively 0.005 % , making Bowman the most marginal seat in the country .

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After the 2009 electoral redistribution there was only a difference 0.005 % between the two main parties , making Bowman the most marginal seat in the country .

In the 2008 presidential election , John McCain carried both the city and the county , the second one by a landslide , even though they lost Florida as a whole to Barack Obama by a narrow margin .


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Question: Incumbent Liberal MP Andrew Laming held the seat by 0.04 % , or 64 votes .

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In 2007 , Andrew Laming won the seat by only 64 votes .

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He defeated State Representative Ray Hutchison in the Republican primary by a vote of 115,345 to 38,268 .


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Question: The box set includes 82 tracks on four CDs , grouped by musical style , language and version as follows : Bonus Tracks Bouns Tracks Disc 1 Disc 2

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Bonus Tracks Bouns Tracks Disc 1 : Disc 2 :

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It also appears as track 39 , track 10 ( mostly in Europe ) or as a hidden track following `` Flood '' on track 9 .


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E.g. It is known for its dry red chili powder . == It is popular for dry red chili powder . != As for the zest , it is widely used in creole cuisine and to impart flavor to `` arranged '' rums in the Réunion island and Madagascar .

Question: The album was released on March 9 , 2010 .

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La Leyenda was released on March 9 , 2010 as four different box-sets .

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The movie was released on VHS and DVD on December 3 , 2002 .


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Question: The user would command the character by right clicking on the character 's stomach on which a menu would appear .

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The user would right click on the character 's tummy and a menu would come up with different things that the character could do .

While using Psynergy in non-battle place , a light ring appears around the character and players can decide the direction of the ability by using the touch screen or buttons .


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Question: It gained access to users systems by including an on-screen `` intelligent '' software agent which supposedly would help a user surf the Internet by using Microsoft Agent technology .

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It is based on the Microsoft Agent technology .

One website , `` Last Measure '' , had malware that opened up pop-up windows that had shocking pictures .


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E.g.
"The Mail on Sunday was launched on 2 May 1982 , to complement the Daily Mail ." == "The Mail on Sunday was first launched on 2 May 1982 , to go with the Daily Mail ." != "With sales still falling , the afternoon edition was canceled , the last edition being published on December 21 , 2001 ."

Question: After the death of Amir Gul Muhammad Khan in 1772 , Amir Haibat Khan , the eldest son of Amir Gul Muhammad Khan , was declared to be the chief of Upper Tanawal .

In 1772 , Amir Haibat Khan , the eldest son of Amir Gul Muhammad Khan , was declared to be the chief of Upper Tanawal .

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The Rajas of Yasin were great warriors and fought against the Sikhs and the Dogras of Kashmir , but this house eventually lost power and the ownership of Yasin changed hands several times between the rule of the Mehtar of Chitral , and the Maharaja of Kashmir .


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Question: At most times , they would resist such authority , preferring to be ruled by their own chiefs at a local level .

At most times , they would resist outside authority , preferring to be ruled by their own chiefs at a local level .

It was an ordinary , hardworking , nondescript word that was used to refer to a process , any process of justice of governance , being conducted in the open '' .


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Question: Amb and surrounding areas have a long history which can be traced to the time of the invasion of the region by Alexander the Great .

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Amb and the area around it have a long history , which goes back to the time of the invasion of the region by Alexander the Great .

Awal is from the name of a god that was worshiped by people of the islands before Islam .


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Question: Amb State was once known as Mulk e Tanawal ( Country\/area of Tanawal ) .

Amb was once formally known as Mulk e Tanawal ( meaning the country of the Tanawal ) .

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The name is from Persian , `` Khalij-e Gavader '' or ` Gulf of Gwadar ' on Arabian Sea .


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Question: In 1972 , recognition of the royal status of the Nawab was ended by the Government of Pakistan .

The royal status of the Nawab was abolished by the Government of Pakistan in 1972 .

On 2 October 1983 , the project was made into an independent bank , by the Bangladeshi government .


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Question: Hindwal section chiefs remained comparatively stronger .

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The Hindwal section chiefs remained stronger than the other .

Most of them are the Hindus by religion .


Question: Amb was a princely state of the former British Indian Empire .

Amb was a princely state of the former British Raj .

The agency was created in the 1930s , on the model of the Central India Agency and Rajputana Agency . It dealt with forty princely states in northwest India .


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Question: From early on , the Tanawal area by and large remained free from the influence of the Mughals , Sikhs and British ; and beyond paying occasional simple taxes to central authorities , the people of Tanawal had little or no contact with the outside world for long .

From early on , the Tanawal area stayed mostly free from the influence of the Mughals , Sikhs and British .

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For example, This was Parker 's final year , as she lived until November 26 of that year at age 115 years , 220 days . should be similar to Parker died at a nursing home in Indiana , around 5:19 PM EST on Wednesday November 26 , 2008 , at age 115 years 220 days .

The arrival of the Arab Muslims to the provinces of Sindh and Punjab , along with subsequent Muslim dynasties , set the religious boundaries of South Asia . This would lead to the development of the modern state of Pakistan as well as forming the foundation for Islamic rule across much of South Asia .


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Question: The early history of the region goes back to the centuries before the Mughal Empire , when in the early fourteenth century the Tanoli tribe under its chieftains arrived here from Central Asia , via Afghanistan , and conquered it and settled here on the banks of the river Indus and a wide area around it , which thus came to be known as Tanawal .

They conquered it and settled here on the banks of the river Indus and a wide area around it , which thus came to be known as Tanawal .

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Bahawalpur was a princely state of the Punjab in what is now Pakistan . It was on the southern bank of the Sutlej and Indus Rivers .


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Question: Amb continued as a Princely state of Pakistan until 1969 , when it was incorporated into the North West Frontier Province ( now Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa ) .

Amb continued as a distinct state within Pakistan until 1969 , when it was merged into the former North-West Frontier Province .

Dalola is one of the 51 Union Councils ( sub-divisions ) of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan .


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Question: Initially , until the late-18th or early-19th centuries , Tanawal itself was not one consolidated state rather an area where several important Tanoli chiefs exerted their powers within a zone of influence .

It was rather an area where several important Tanoli chiefs had authority over an area of influence .

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For centuries after that , the area was a major Armenian population center .


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E.g. given 'Club statistics .' it should be close to 'Statistics . Club .' but not to 'Medal tables .'.

Question: Royal Rumble ( 2006 ) was the nineteenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) .

Royal Rumble ( 2006 ) was the nineteenth annual Royal Rumble PPV event held by WWE at the American Airlines Arena , in Miami , on January 29 , 2006 .

Colin Matthew Delaney ( September 7 , 1986 ) is an American professional wrestler best known for working with World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) on its ECW brand .


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Question: It was presented by Sony Computer Entertainment 's The Con .

It was sponsored by Sony Entertainment and The Con .

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In December 2010 , it released its first Japanese album , Diamond .


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Question: The costumes and sets were designed by the painter Léon Bakst .

The costumes and sets were designed by Léon Bakst .

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In the 1960s her artwork was sold under the name of her husband , Walter Keane , who claimed credit for it .


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Question: As its score it used the Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune by Claude Debussy .

It was choreographed by Nijinsky to a short symphonic work by Claude Debussy called Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune .

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He composed 20 pieces for piano which are called Vingt regards sur l'enfant Jésus ( Twenty visions of the child Jesus ) .


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Question: On the 1 February 1971 , Altenbrunslar joined Neuenbrunslar to become the Brunslar Community .

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On 1 February 1971 , Altenbrunslar joined Neuenbrunslar to become the Brunslar Community .

Jerichow became Burg , and Jerichow II became Genthin .


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Question: Altenbunslar is one of the sixteen constituent communities that form the town of Felsberg in Schwalm-Eder-Kreis , North Hesse , Germany .

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Altenbunslar is one of the sixteen villages that form the town of Felsberg in Schwalm-Eder-Kreis , North Hesse , Germany .

Zella-Mehlis is a town in the Schmalkalden Meinigen district , in Thuringia , Germany .


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Examples:
'On August 5 , 1772 , the occupation manifesto was issued , much to the consternation of a country too exhausted by the endeavors of the Confederation of Bar to offer successful resistance ; nonetheless several battles and sieges took place , as Commonwealth troops refused to lay down their arms ( most notably , in Tyniec , Częstochowa and Kraków ) .' == 'On August 5 , 1772 , the occupation manifesto was issued ; much to the consternation of a country too exhausted by the endeavors of the Confederation of Bar to offer further resistance .' != 'Separated from his son and wife , who had come under Austrian control , cut off from the allowance guaranteed to him by the Treaty of Fontainebleau , and aware of rumours he was about to be banished to a remote island in the Atlantic Ocean , Napoleon escaped from Elba on February 26 1815 .'

Question: The first permanent sandstone bridge over the Eder River at Altenbrunslar was built in 1885 .

The first stone bridge over the Eder River at Altenbrunslar was built in 1885 .

The first church of Benrath was built in 1002 .


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Question: As part of the construction of the Main-Weser Railway , Altenbrunslar received a railway station in 1849 .

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In 1849 Altenbrunslar received a railway station .

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In the north the locality includes the neighbourhoods of `` Bürknersfelde '' and `` Ahrensfelde '' , an overbuilt strip of land which once belonged to the Brandenburg municipality of Ahrensfelde and was incorporated into Berlin in 1990 .


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Question: Altenbrunslar was chosen as Dolles Dorf ( English : great village ) in the Hessischer Rundfunk television program of the same name .

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Altenbrunslar was the Dolles Dorf ( English : great village ) in the Hessischer Rundfunk television program of the same name .

Euskirchen district got the southern part of Rheinbach .


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Question: A ten minute film about the village was first broadcast on 25 August 2012 and can be seen still on the `` Dolles Dorf '' HR website .

It can be seen still on the `` Dolles Dorf '' HR website .

In 2011 , Jentina was on the judging panel for `` Travellers Got Talent '' . She also appeared in the 8 part documentary `` A Gypsy Life For Me '' which aired on Bio in November 2011 .


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Question: Before this bridge , there was only a temporary wooden bridge in summer and a ferryman in winter .

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Before this there was a wooden bridge in summer and a ferryman with a boat in winter .

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There are no roads to connect the settlements . Instead , snowmobiles , aircraft and boats serve as transport .


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Question: To the east of the village is the Quillerwald ( English : Quiller Forest ) or Markwald ( English : common forest ) , the latter so-called because once it belonged to all the surrounding villages , at least in terms of the right to cut wood and graze animals , but not hunting .

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To the east of the village is the Quillerwald ( English : Quiller Forest ) or Markwald ( English : common forest ) .

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Examples:
Provided: "These occupiers were overthrown by the Pandyas and the Pallavas , who restored the kingdoms ." Match: "These occupiers were overthrown by the resurgence of the Pandyas and the Pallavas , who restored the traditional kingdoms ."

Until the beginning of the 19th century , the current center of Kreuzlingen was still largely agricultural .


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Question: The village is situated on the eastern ( cut ) bank of the Eder River .

The village is on the eastern bank of the Eder River .

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It is on the west bank of the Nile river .


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Question: The church bell is reported to have come from the nearby ruined village of Brechelsdorf .

The villagers believe that the church bell came from the nearby village of Brechelsdorf .

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The Domesday Book mentions the use of a cucking stool in the town of Chester .


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Question: This was incorporated into the town of Felsberg on 1 January 1974 .

This in turn became part of the town of Felsberg on 1 January 1974 .

The municipality of Lom was established on 1 January 1838 .


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Question: The Eder River confluences with the Fulda River just 9 km ( 5.6 mi ) upstream from Altenbrunslar at Edermünde ( English : mouth of the Eder ) .

The Eder River meets the Fulda River just 9 km ( 5.6 mi ) upstream from Altenbrunslar at Edermünde .

It is 10 km north of Hildburghausen , and 12 km southeast of Suhl .


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Question: On the 3 September 1849 , the first train came through Altenbrunslar , pulled by the Henschel locomotive Hassia .

On 3 September 1849 the first train came through Altenbrunslar , pulled by a locomotive called Hassia .

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This must be the reason why Gottfried Schardinel , one of the richest persons at that time in the region of Stolberg built the Kupferhof Bauschenberg .


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Question: The small , evangelical chapel in Altenbrunslar is a object of cultural heritage .

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The small chapel in Altenbrunslar is a protected building .

Along the `` European street of Gothic brick architecture '' in north eastern Germany , close to the old Hanse city of Rostock , is the Minster of Bad Doberan , the Ex-Cistercian abbey dedicated in 1368 .


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Question: During the Second World War , the Allies bombed and breached the Edersee Dam in the night of 16-17 May 1943 , as part of Operation Chastise .

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In the Second World War the Allies destroyed Edersee Dam on the night of 16-17 May 1943 .

The Sarrasani theater was destroyed on 13 February 1945 during the World War II .


Question:
represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence
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Fewshots:
'This produces the species in relatively high amounts .' == 'This produces the ion species in relatively high amounts .' != 'has always been used along with the others .'

Question: The nearest city is Kassel , which is 23 km ( 14 mi ) to the north .

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It next to the Mid-Western Highway , 258 km ( 160 mi ) west of Sydney and 52 km ( 32 mi ) south west of Bathurst .


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Question: The first mention of the place Bruneslar was in 1154 .

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The name Bruneslar was first recorded in 1154 .

The town has existed at least since the 8th century , when its name was mentioned in a document signed by Charlemagne , in which it appears as Villa Gotaha ( `` Good Waters '' ) .


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Question: Chowan County is a deep rooted community of faith .

Chowan County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina .

Greenwich is a town with a long history .


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Question: Mac OS X 10.4.9 added support for the USB `` video class '' group of peripherals , which includes the Vision Camera .

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Mac OS X 10.4.9 added support for the USB `` video class '' group of peripherals , including Vision Camera .

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The drivers and hardware for the game port midi capabilities are based around the now standard Roland MPU-401 MIDI interface ( in UART mode only ) , and support most MPU-401 standard applications for Windows and DOS .


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Question: The Vision Camera works in iChat , Photo Booth , Facetime for Mac , and other applications that use QuickTime for video display , such as Skype .

They work in iChat , Photo Booth and other applications that use Quicktime for video display , such as Skype .

Only iPhone 4 , iPhone 3GS , and iPod Touch 3rd generation were able to use multitasking .


Question:
represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence
E.g.
"In the Kamakura period , there arose the shoin-zukuri architectural style of residence for the samurai and priests who had gained power ." == "The shoin style of traditional Japanese residential architecture began in the Kamakura Era ." != "There are two types of Japanese traditional dance : `` Odori '' , which was created in the Edo period ; and `` Mai '' , which was created in the western part of Japan ."

Question: Drivers are not included with the Vision Camera but can be downloaded automatically by Windows when prompted .

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Drivers are not included with the Vision Camera-you must allow Windows to download them automatically when prompted .

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Apps can be downloaded onto an iOS device directly , or onto a computer using iTunes ( also managed by Apple ) .


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Question: Using its USB 2.0 connection , the Vision Camera is compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 2 ( 32-bit only ) , Windows Vista ( 32-bit and 64-bit ) , and Windows 7 ( 32-bit and 64-bit , although 64-bit is not confirmed by Microsoft ) .

The Vision Camera is compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 2 using USB 2.0 connection .

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The vulnerability affected Internet Explorer 6 , IE7 , and IE8 on Windows 7 , Vista , Windows XP , Server 2003 , and Server 2008 R2 , as well as IE 6 Service Pack 1 on Windows 2000 Service Pack 4 .


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Question: The Xbox Live Vision camera was a video gaming webcam made for the Xbox 360 console .

The Xbox Live Vision is a webcam designed for the Xbox 360 and Xbox Live .

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It is competing against the Microsoft Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii consoles .


Question: N'jie has worked as a reporter for Dagsrevyen and is a columnist for Dagbladet .

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N'jie has worked as a reporter for Dagsrevyen and columnist for Dagbladet .

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Stian Barsnes-Simonsen ( born 20 April 1979 in Bergen ) is a Norwegian actor and television presenter of `` Amigo '' , `` Midt i smørøyet '' and `` Melodi Grand Prix '' . As host .


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Question: When Norway held a national ceremony of remembrance on 21 August for the 77 victims of the worst attacks on the country since World War Two , the TV broadcast was hosted by N'jie .

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When Norway held a national ceremony of remembrance on August 21 for the 77 victims of the worst attacks on the country since World War Two , the TV broadcast was hosted by N'jie .

He was arrested on Utøya for the shootings and also linked to the Oslo bombings .


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Question: N'jie has toured Norway several times , both as a solo artist and as part of the comedy group Queendom , consisting of herself and four other black Norwegian women , all sharing in part African backgrounds .

Haddy N'jie has toured Norway several times , both as a solo artist and as part of the group comedy Queendom , consisting of herself and four other black Norwegian women , all sharing in part African backgrounds .

He is a drummer from the age of five and in his preteen years he participated in the recordings of his mother 's albums and performed with her as a special guest .


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Question: The show was broadcast on NRK .

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represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence

For example, Instructs the server to return information about the administrator of the server specified by <target> , or the current server if target is omitted . should be similar to Instructs the server to return information about the administrators of the server specified by <target> , where <target> is either a server or a user . If <target> is omitted , the server should return information about the administrators of the current server .


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Question: She hosted the annual telethon on Norway 's largest TV channel NRK 1 in 2009 , 2010 , 2011 and 2013 .

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She hosted the 2010 annual telethon on Norway 's largest TV channel NRK 1 which she also co-hosted in 2009 .

The club won the Swedish men 's national championship in the years of 1995 , 1996 2000 , 2001 , 2005 , 2006 and 2013 .


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Question: In 2011 she hosted the prestigious sports award show Idrettsgallaen from Hamar Olympic Amphitheatre together with Erik Solbakken and in 2012 and 2013 with Anne Rimmen .

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In 2012 she co-hosted the prestigious sports award show Idrettsgallaen from Hamar Olympic Amphitheatre together with Anne Rimmen .


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Question: For this reason , a synchrotron facility is often built in stages , with the first few beamlines opening on day one of operation , and other beamlines being added later as the funding permits .

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For this reason , a synchrotron facility is often built in stages , with the first few beamlines at the start of operation , and other beamlines being added later as the funding permits .

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Due to the growing demand for renewable energy sources , the manufacturing of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced considerably in recent years , and costs have dropped .