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Question: On February 17 , 1876 , during the Whiskey Ring graft prosecutions , Justice Dillon ruled Ulysses S. Grant 's deposition for Orville E. Babcock was admissible in court .

On February 17 , 1876 , Justice Dillon ruled Ulysses S. Grant 's deposition for Orville E. Babcock was admissible in court during the Whiskey Ring graft prosecutions .

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The Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals held Barnett and Lieutenant Governor Paul B. Johnson , Jr. in contempt , with fines of more than $ 10,000 for each day they refused to allow Meredith to enroll .


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Question: Dillon 's oldest son , Hiram Price Dillon ( 1855 - 1918 ) , became a lawyer in Iowa and a Master of Chancery in federal court .

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Dillon 's oldest son , Hiram Price Dillon ( 1855 - 1918 ) , also became a lawyer in Iowa , and a Master of Chancery in federal court .

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George Wellington `` Cap '' Streeter ( 1837 -- January 22 , 1921 ) was an American businessman and criminal . He was born near the town of Flint , Michigan .


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Question: John Forrest Dillon ( December 25 , 1831 - May 6 , 1914 ) was an American jurist who served on federal and Iowa state courts .

John Forrest Dillon ( December 25 , 1831 - May 6 , 1914 ) was an American judge who served on both federal and Iowa state courts .

Morrison Remick `` Mott '' Waite ( November 29 , 1816 -- March 23 , 1888 ) was an American attorney and politician in Ohio .


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Question: Hundreds of U.S. court decisions have employed the Dillon Rule to determine the scope of municipal powers and rights .

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Hundreds of U.S. court decisions to the present day have employed the Dillon Rule to determine the scope of municipal powers and rights .

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Critics of the rule say that it imposes unreasonable constraints on the ability of communities to govern themselves and so undermines democracy , and even that local self-government is a matter of natural right that does not need to be conferred by higher political structures .


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Question: The theory of state preeminence over local governments was expressed as Dillon 's Rule in an 1868 case : `` Municipal corporations owe their origin to , and derive their powers and rights wholly from , the legislature .

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The theory of state preeminence over local governments was called the `` Dillon Rule '' in an 1868 case : `` Municipal corporations owe their origin to , and derive their powers and rights wholly from , the legislature .

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Most well-known is article 1 , which sets out the four criteria for statehood that have sometimes been recognized as an accurate statement of customary international law : In addition , the first sentence of article 3 explicitly states that `` The political existence of the state is independent of recognition by the other states . ''


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Question: In a concurring opinion , Michigan Supreme Court Judge Thomas M. Cooley in 1871 stated : '' ( L ) ocal government is a matter of absolute right ; and the state can not take it away '' .

In a concurring opinion , Michigan Supreme Court Judge Thomas M. Cooley in 1871 stated : '' ( L ) ocal government is a matter of absolute right ; and the state can not take it away . ''

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L.C. Green explained this by saying that `` recognition of statehood is a matter of discretion , it is open to any existing state to accept as a state any entity it wishes , regardless of the existence of territory or an established government . ''


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Question: Critics of the rule have argued that it imposes unreasonable constraints on the ability of communities to govern themselves and undermines democracy or that local self-government is a matter of natural right that does not need to be conferred by higher political structures .

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Critics of the rule say that it imposes unreasonable constraints on the ability of communities to govern themselves and so undermines democracy , and even that local self-government is a matter of natural right that does not need to be conferred by higher political structures .

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The enlightened argued that the establishment of a contractual basis of rights would lead to capitalism , the use of scientific method , to religious tolerance , and to the organization of states into self-governing republics held together through democratic means .


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Question: Dillon was born in Northampton , Montgomery County , New York ( now part of Fulton County , New York ) .

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Dillon was born in Northampton , Montgomery County , New York .

Roberts was born in Rhinebeck , Dutchess County , New York .


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Question: In Municipal Corporations ( 1872 ) , Dillon explained that in contrast to the powers of states , which are unlimited but for express restrictions under the state or federal constitution , municipalities only have the powers that are expressly granted to them .

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In Municipal Corporations ( 1872 ) , Dillon explained that in contrast to the powers of states , which are unlimited but for express restrictions under the state or federal constitution , municipalities only have the powers that the state legislature expressly gives to them .

Under this view of federalism , the Supreme Court of the United States , for the first time since the 1930s , struck down an Act of Congress as exceeding federal power under the Commerce Clause .


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Question: The Court 's ruling that states could alter or abolish at will the charters of municipal corporations without infringing upon contract rights relied upon Dillon 's distinction between public , municipal corporations and private ones .

The Court 's ruling that states could alter or abolish at will the charters of municipal corporations without infringing upon contract rights relied upon Dillon 's separation of public , municipal corporations from private ones .

Some examples include : The vast majority of constitutional cases before the High Court deal with characterisation : whether new laws are part of the power granted to the Commonwealth government by the Constitution .


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Question: He also authored Removal of Cases from State Courts to Federal Courts and Municipal Bonds , both in 1876 .

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He was also the author of Removal of Cases from State Courts to Federal Courts and Municipal Bonds , both in 1876 .

There , he became chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions .


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Question: Some have suggested that Dillon 's approach derived from the contemporary view that cities were inherently corrupt political organs .

It has also been suggested that Dillon 's approach came from the view at that time that cities were inherently corrupt political organs .

It is often related to the emulation of Italy 's ideals and civilization .


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Question: He was elevated to the Iowa Supreme Court in 1862 and served until 1869 , when President Grant appointed him to the United States Circuit Court , which became the Eighth Circuit .

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He joined to the Iowa Supreme Court in 1862 and served until 1869 , when he was appointed by President Grant to the United States Circuit Court .

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From 1848 to 1852 , Fairchild was the first State Treasurer of the State of Wisconsin . In 1856 he was elected the first Mayor of the city of Madison , Wisconsin .


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Question: By contrast , the Cooley Doctrine expressed the theory of an inherent right to local self-determination .

As opposed to the Dillon Rule , the Cooley Doctrine expressed the theory of an inherent right to local self determination .

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Hersch Lauterpacht , one of the main people who supported the theory , suggested that it is a state 's job to grant recognition as a possible solution .


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Question: He worked in private practice until he was elected Scott County prosecutor in 1853 , and then to a judgeship in Iowa 's 7th Judicial Circuit in 1858 .

He was elected as the Scott County prosecutor after a brief private practice in 1853 , and was then elected to a judgeship in Iowa 's 7th Judicial Circuit in 1858 .

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He was a Republican , and was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1894 to 1899 ; from 1897 to 1899 he was Speaker of the House .


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Question: If it may destroy , it may abridge and control '' .

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If it may destroy , it may abridge and control . ''


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Question: This formulation of the scope of municipal power came to be known as the Dillon Rule : that municipal governments have only the powers expressly granted to them by the state legislature , those that are necessarily implied from that grant of power , and those that are essential and indispensable to the municipality 's existence and functioning ; that any ambiguities in the legislative grant of power should be resolved against the municipality so that its powers are narrowly construed ; that when the state has not specifically directed the method by which the municipality may implement its granted power , the municipality has the discretion to choose the method so long as its choice is reasonable .

It says that municipal governments only have the powers that are expressly granted to them by the state legislature , those that are necessarily implied from that grant of power , and those that are essential and indispensable to the municipality 's existence and functioning .

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Under the doctrine of the separation of powers , the executive is not supposed to make laws ( role of the legislature ) , nor to interpret them ( role of the judiciary ) , their purpose is to enforce them : in practice , this separation is rarely absolute .


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Question: He taught at Yale Law School from 1891 until 1892 , during which time he also served as the president of the American Bar Association .

He then taught at Yale Law School from 1891 until 1892 .

Edward C. Hayes Edward Cary Hayes ( February 10 , 1868 -- 1928 ) was a pioneer in American sociology . He was a founder and president of the American Sociological Association .


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Question: Shortly after beginning his medical practice , he abandoned it to read law , and was admitted to the Iowa bar in 1852 .

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Shortly after beginning to work as a doctor , he switched to studying law , and was admitted to the Iowa bar in 1852 .

In 1850 he was elected to the United States House of Representatives again but died two weeks into his term on November 19 , 1850 .


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Question: He authored a highly influential treatise on the power of states over municipal governments .

He wrote an important book on the power of states over municipal governments .

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He is a strong supporter of maintaing strict forms of secrecy when it comes to art produced in his community .


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Question: While on the federal bench , Dillon wrote Municipal Corporations ( 1872 ) , one of the earliest systematic studies of the subject .

While Dillon was a federal judge , he wrote Municipal Corporations ( 1872 ) , which was one of the earliest books to present the subject , and people still study it today .

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He was a leading legal thinker , and he was one of the first six justices appointed by George Washington to the Supreme Court of the United States .


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Question: A memorial fountain to Dillon was erected in downtown Davenport , Iowa in 1918 , carved of Indiana limestone in Romanesque style , by sculptor Harry Liva .

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A memorial fountain to Dillon was built in downtown Davenport , Iowa in 1918 .

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The church where Arnold was buried , St. Mary 's Church , Battersea , England , has a commemorative stained-glass window which was added between 1976 and 1982 .


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Question: The Supreme Court of the United States cited Municipal Corporations and fully adopted Dillon 's emphasis on state power over municipalities in Merrill v. Monticello , which upheld the power of Pennsylvania to consolidate the city of Allegheny into the city of Pittsburgh , despite the objections of a majority of Allegheny 's residents .

The Supreme Court of the United States cited Dillon 's book Municipal Corporations and fully adopted Dillon 's emphasis on state power over municipalities in Merrill v. Monticello , 138 U.S. 673 ( 1891 ) , reaff 'd .

After approaches to the government to reconsider the acquisition bill failed , Casley and his associates resorted to a British law ( the Treason Act 1495 ) which they felt allowed them to secede and declare their independence from the Commonwealth of Australia .


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Question: Louis and Jennie Stengel had a son , Charles Dillon ( Casey ) Stengel , named after the Judge , who had a long career as a baseball player and manager .

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E.g. It began in the 9th century : it was called County of Castile and was a vassalage depending from the Kingdom of León . == It was called County of Castile and was held in vassalage from the Kingdom of León .

Dillon 's sister was the grandmother of baseball manager Casey Stengel .

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This wish was fulfilled only after Robinson 's death . After the 1974 season , the Cleveland Indians gave their coaching job to Frank Robinson ( no relation ) , a Hall of Fame-bound player who would go on to coach three other teams .


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Question: The BSFA Awards are literary awards presented annually since 1970 by the British Science Fiction Association ( BSFA ) to honor works in the genre of science fiction .

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The BSFA Awards are prizes given every year by the British Science Fiction Association ( BSFA ) .

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Dr. Graham Joyce ( 22 October 1954 - 9 September 2014 ) was an English writer of speculative fiction . He was the winner of many awards , including the O Henry Award , for both his novels and short stories .


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Question: Categories for short works and artists were added in 1980 .

Categories for short works and artwork were added in 1980 .

Its eighteenth edition was published in 2012 .


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Question: A media category was awarded from 1979 to 1992 .

Awards for media were given from 1979 to 1992 .

There were no races between 1935 and 1953 .


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E.g.
In 1953 , UPT merged with the American Broadcasting Company , providing ABC 's television network with a source of cash flow that enabled it to survive and eventually become competitive . == In 1953 UPT purchased the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) . This provided ABC 's television network with a source of cash flow that allowed it to survive and eventually become competitive . != The Music Corporation of America ( better known as MCA ) , mainly a talent agency , had also become a powerful television producer , renting space at Republic Studios for its Revue Studios subsidiary .

Question: The award originally included only a category for novels .

At first , the award was only for novels .

After this event , an award or declaration is presented by the municipal charter .


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Question: In the ride station , statues watch the train leave and turn to watch the train arrive .

In the ride station , statues watch the train leave .

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For instance, <<However , the committee did not know that Steinman had died three days earlier , on September 30 , from pancreatic cancer .>>  to "However , the committee was not aware that he had died three days earlier , on September 30 , from pancreatic cancer ."

It then shines on a silent street , corn and wheat fields and fall trees .


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Question: Wodan Timbur Coaster is themed to Norse mythology .

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The theme of Wodan Timbur Coaster is Norse mythology .

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It was named in April 2007 , after Surtr , leader of the fire giants of Norse mythology .


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Question: Timbur is the Islandic word for wood , so Timbur Coaster is wooden coaster .

The most popular , as mentioned above , is Api-Api , or sometimes simply Api , which is a Malay word meaning ` Fire ' .


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Question: The ride also has several dives into tunnels and heavy interaction with surrounding areas .

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The ride has several dives into tunnels .

There are a few areas with rapids , mostly as the river comes close to Dublin city .


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Question: Wodan Timbur Coaster is equipped with three GCII Millennium Flyer trains that feature polyurethane wheels instead of the usual steel wheels .

Wodan Timbur Coaster has three GCII Millennium Flyer trains .

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They had a top speed of 70 mph , with slam-doors , and vacuum brakes .


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Question: The goddess of death , Hel , is also featured and has a turning sand timer .

The goddess of death , Hel , is also used .

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The robotic Momo was changed to a flying lemur , and the herd of bison was reduced to one .


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For instance you may be given 'Sault is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France .' and it should match with 'Sault , Vaucluse is a commune . It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .' but not with 'Vacqueyras is a commune . It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France .'.

Question: The queue features several heavily detailed elements , including fire , mist and water effects .

These include fire , mist and water effects .

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In that same issue , an initial design of the ring setup was revealed showing a bigger rig surrounding the tarpaulin rig , with lighting and two giant screens attached .


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Question: Wodan Timbur Coaster is a wooden roller coaster , located in the Europa-Park in Rust , Baden-Württemberg .

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It is located in the Europa-Park in Rust , Baden-Württemberg .

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Wangen im Allgäu is a city in south Baden-Württemberg , Germany .


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Question: The Book of Joshua or Book of Jehoshua ( Hebrew : ספר יהושע Sefer Yĕhôshúa ) is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament .

The Book of Joshua is the sixth book of the Christian Bible , and also the sixth book of the Hebrew Tanakh .

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Esther is the name of a book in the Tanakh ( the Hebrew Bible ) and the Old Testament , and also its title heroine .


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Question: De Maillet 's geological observations convinced him that the earth could not have been created in an instant because the features of the crust indicate a slow development by natural processes .

Maillet 's geological observations convinced him that the Earth could not have been created in an instant because the features of the crust indicate a slow development by natural processes .

Flood basalts have erupted at random intervals throughout Earth history and are clear evidence that the Earth undergoes periods of enhanced activity rather than being in a uniform steady state .


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Question: Benoît de Maillet ( Saint-Mihiel , 12 April 1656 - Marseille , 30 January 1738 ) was a well-travelled French diplomat and natural historian .

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Benoît de Maillet ( Saint-Mihiel , 12 April 1656 - Marseille , 30 January 1738 ) was a well-travelled French diplomat and naturalist .

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Jean-Louis Vaudoyer ( 10 September 1883 -- 20 May 1963 ) was a French novelist , poet , essayist , and art historian .


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Question: He formulated an evolutionary hypothesis to explain the origin of the earth and its contents .

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He formulated an evolutionary hypothesis to explain the Earth and its contents .

The ecological system reached a new level of complexity far beyond that of the Cambrian fauna .


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Question: The projects ambition was to digitalize the volumes DI 66\/45\/56 \ / 58\/61 and make them available online .

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Examples:
Provided: "El Gato Negro ( in English `` The Black Cat '' ) is the name of two fictional superheroes that appear in comic books published by Azteca Productions ." Match: "El Gato Negro ( The Black Cat ) is the name of two fictional American comic book superheroes created by Richard Dominguez and featured in the Azteca Productions ' Universe ."

The project 's ambition was to digitalize the volumes DI 66\/45\/56 \ / 58\/61 and make them available online .


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Question: The project digitalized the volume `` Die Inschriften des Rhein-Hunsrück Kreises I ( DI 60 ) '' ( engl . : The Inscriptions of the Rhine-Hunsrück District ) edited by epigraphist Eberhard J. Nikitsch .

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The project digitalized the volume `` Die Inschriften des Rhein-Hunsrück Kreises I ( DI 60 ) '' ( English : The Inscriptions of the Rhine-Hunsrück District ) edited by epigraphist Eberhard J. Nikitsch .

Articles advocating nonsmoking were published in the magazines `` Die Genussgifte '' ( The Drugs for Enjoyment ) , `` Auf der Wacht '' ( On the Guard ) and `` Reine Luft '' ( Clean Air ) .


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Question: Die Deutschen Inschriften des Mittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit ( DI ) ( engl . : The German Inscriptions of Medieval and Early Modern Times ) is one of the oldest modern endeavors to collect and redact medieval and early modern inscriptions in Europe .

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Die Deutschen Inschriften des Mittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit ( DI ) ( English : The German Inscriptions of Medieval and Early Modern Times ) is one of the oldest collections of historical inscriptions .

To support study of the polemics and controversies of the 17th-19th centuries , a British research project has placed thousands of pamphlets of that era online .


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Question: The project `` Deutsche Inschriften Online '' ( engl . : German Inscriptions Online ) was planned and implemented as an interacademic venture by the Academies of Sciences in Mainz and Göttingen .

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For example, Because of this major victory , which also made the `` Second Reich '' of Germany possible , 2 September was declared `` Sedan Day '' ( Sedantag ) and a national German holiday in 1871 . should be similar to Due to this major victory , which also made the unification of Germany possible , 2 September was declared `` Sedan Day '' ( Sedantag ) and a national German holiday in 1871 .

The Academies of Sciences in Mainz and Göttingen planed and carried the project `` Deutsche Inschriften Online '' ( English : German Inscriptions Online ) out .

Matthias Kuhle ( 20 April 1948 -- 25 April 2015 ) was a German geographer . He was also a professor at the University of Göttingen in Göttingen .


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The provided query could be 'Puppet state is a term of political criticism , used to denigrate a government which is perceived as unduly dependent upon an outside power .' and the positive 'It is used to denigrate the government of the alleged puppet state .' and the negative 'Thus one could characterise Poland-Lithuania in its final period ( mid-18th century ) , prior to the partitions as already not a completely sovereign state : it could be seen almost as a vassal , or in modern terms , a Russian satellite state , with Russian tsars effectively choosing Polish kings .'

Question: Encompassed are inscriptions ranging from the Early Middle Ages to the year of 1650 ( and later on ) localized in the areas that are today known as the Federal Republic of Germany , the Republic of Austria and South Tyrol .

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The Inscriptions are in today 's Federal Republic of Germany , Republic of Austria and South Tyrol .

They are listed below , with their capitals and the territory of the former provinces they mostly incorporated : After only three years , following a coup d'état , the borders of the former provinces were restored , though not their autonomous status .


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Question: The venture is supported by the German Academies of Sciences in Berlin , Düsseldorf , Göttingen , Heidelberg , Leipzig , Mainz and München as well as the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna .

Also the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna is involved .

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He held positions in the philosophy departments at the Universities of Göttingen , Würzburg , Prague , Munich and Halle , before obtaining a chair ( professorship ) at the University of Berlin .


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Question: The venture has an innovative character and is seeing itself as a broadening of the project `` Inschriften Mittelrhein-Hunsrück ( IMH ) '' ( engl . : Inscriptions of the Middlerhine-Hunsrück ) that was worked out in 2008 cooperating with the `` Institut für Geschichtliche Landeskunde an der Universität Mainz '' ( engl . : Institute for Regional History located at the University of Mainz ) .

It is seeing itself as a broadening of the project `` Inschriften Mittelrhein-Hunsrück ( IMH ) '' ( English : Inscriptions of the Middlerhine-Hunsrück ) .

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The Berlin Observatory ( Berliner Sternwarte in German ) has its origins in 1700 when Gottfried Leibniz initiated the `` Societät der Wissenschaften '' ( Brandenburgische Science Society ) which would later ( 1744 ) become the `` Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften '' ( Prussian Academy of Sciences ) .


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Question: The project was instituted by the German linguist Friedrich Panzer ( Heidelberg ) in association with the historians Karl Brandi ( Göttingen ) and Hans Hirsch ( Vienna ) as an interacademic venture of epigraphical publication in 1934 .

The project was instituted by the German linguist Friedrich Panzer ( from Heidelberg ) in 1934 .

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Gerd Langguth ( 18 May 1946 -- 12 May 2013 in Cologne ) was a German professor of political science at the University of Bonn and the author of biographies of Angela Merkel and Horst Köhler .


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Question: This may be called Volta 's Law of capacitance , and it was for this work the unit of electrical potential has been named the volt .

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This may be called Volta 's Law of Capacitance , and likely for this work the unit of electrical potential has been named the volt .

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The `` Dobson unit '' , a convenient measure of the total amount of ozone in a column overhead , is named in his honor .


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Question: Volta also studied what we now call electrical capacitance , developing separate means to study both electrical potential ( V ) and charge ( Q ) , and discovering that for a given object , they are proportional .

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Volta also studied what we now call capacitance , developing separate means to study both electrical potential V and charge Q , and discovering that for a given object they are proportional .

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Capacitance is the ability of a body to store electric charge .


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Question: In 1800 as the result of a professional disagreement over the galvanic response advocated by Galvani , he invented the voltaic pile , an early electric battery , which produced a steady electric current .

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In 1800 , He invented the voltaic pile , an early electric battery , which made a steady electric current .

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The random behavior of lightning ensured that the method gained a good bit of credence even after the development of the marine lightning rod soon after Franklin 's initial work .


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Question: In 1779 he became a professor of experimental physics at the University of Pavia , a chair that he occupied for almost 40 years .

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In 1779 he became professor of experimental physics at the University of Pavia .

Schinz was born at Zurich and studied medicine at Würzburg and Jena . In 1798 he returning to Zurich to work as a doctor .


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Question: Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta ( February 18 , 1745 - March 5 , 1827 ) was an Italian physicist known for the invention of the battery in the 1800s .

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Count Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta ( 18 February 1745 - 5 March 1827 ) was a Lombard physicist known especially for the development of the first electrical cell in 1800 .

Marco Minghetti ( November 18 , 1818 - December 10 , 1886 ) was an Italian economist and statesman .


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For example, 'The Communists refused to turn over his body to his family for burial , and rumors persisted that he had in fact died of torture .' should have a representation like 'The Communists refused to turn over his body to his family for burial , and there were persistent rumors that he had in fact died of torture .' but very far from 'Although there were reports that he had fled to work for the Stroessner regime in Paraguay , Pavelić 's whereabouts remained unknown until late 1959 , where it was learned that he had been granted asylum in Spain .'.

Question: The battery made by Volta is credited as the first electrochemical cell .

It is credited as the first electrochemical cell .

The most important new invention of the industrial revolution was the steam engine .


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Question: In this way he discovered the electrochemical series , and the law that the electromotive force ( emf ) of a galvanic cell , consisting of a pair of metal electrodes separated by electrolyte , is the difference between their two electrode potentials ( thus , two identical electrodes and a common electrolyte give zero net emf ) .

In this way he discovered Volta 's Law of the electrochemical series , and the law that the electromotive force ( emf ) of a galvanic cell .

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A battery is called a wet cell or dry cell battery , depending on the type of electrolyte .


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Question: There is also a museum which has been built in his honor , and it exhibits some of the original equipment that Volta used to conduct experiments .

A museum in Como , the Voltian Temple , has been built in his honor and exhibits some of the original equipment he used to conduct experiments .

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He painted a number of murals , drawings and sketches on the inside wall of the hotel .


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Question: Due to possible applications in nuclear technologies , ICP-MS hardware is a subject for special exporting regulations .

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Because ICP-MS can help make atom bombs , ICP-MS hardware is a subject for special exporting regulations .

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In industry , certain processes need conditions of exceptional cleanliness which are achieved by working in cleanrooms .


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Question: Compared to atomic absorption techniques , ICP-MS has greater speed , precision , and sensitivity .

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In trace elemental analysis , the method has advantages of high speed , precision and sensitivity compared to atomic absorption techniques .

The cost of GC-MS equipment has decreased a lot . The reliability of GC-MS has increased at the same time .


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Question: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ) is a type of mass spectrometry which is capable of detecting metals and several non-metals at concentrations as low as one part in 1012 ( part per trillion ) .

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ) is a type of mass spectrometry that is highly sensitive .

A material such as gold , which does not react with other chemicals at normal scales , can be a powerful chemical catalyst at nanoscales .


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Question: This brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior , personality expression , decision making , and moderating social behavior .

This brain region helps plan complex cognitive behaviors , personality expression , decision making .

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These findings suggest similarities between humans and chimpanzees can be seen in emotion , intelligence , and family and social relationships .


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Question: The prefrontal cortex , also called PFC , refers to the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain , lying in front of the motor and premotor areas .

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The prefrontal cortex ( PFC ) is the front part of the frontal lobes of the brain .

The central nervous system ( CNS ) is the largest part of the nervous system . It is made up of the brain and the spinal cord .


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Question: Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts , determine good and bad , better and best , same and different , future consequences of current activities , working toward a defined goal , prediction of outcomes , expectation based on actions , and social `` control '' ( the ability to suppress urges that , if not suppressed , could lead to socially unacceptable outcomes ) .

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To give you a sense - "The idea is that a base word and its inflected forms support the same core meaning . A learner needs to understand both the base word and the affix ." should be close to "The idea is that a base word and its inflected forms support the same core meaning , and can be considered learned words if a learner knows both the base word and the affix ."

Critical is ` social control ' : the ability to suppress urges which , if not suppressed , could lead to socially unacceptable outcomes .

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If the frustrations and stress are not reduced , then anger can build to interfere with other events : On balance , it would be preferable to merely accept , at some level , the actions of other users , and let go of any resentments , anger , or stress .


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Question: The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals .

The basic activity of this brain region is to bring together thoughts and actions to help achieve internal goals .

It is different from conscious processing : it is faster , effortless , more focused on the present , but less flexible .


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Question: He was the longest-serving Republican member of Congress at the time of his death .

He was a member of the Republican Party , and was at the time of his death the longest-serving Republican member of Congress .

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She was the first spouse of a former Vice President to serve in Congress , as well as the first woman to represent Minnesota in the U.S. Senate .


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Question: Young was born in Harmarville , Pennsylvania , a suburb of Pittsburgh , in 1930 .

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Young was born in Harmarville , Pennsylvania , a suburb of Pittsburgh , on December 16 , 1930 .

Hill was born on November 24 , 1916 in Atlanta , Georgia .


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Question: Young dropped out of St. Petersburg High School to support his ill mother , Wilma M. ( Hulings ) Young , and was wounded in a hunting accident .

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Young dropped out of St. Petersburg High School to support his ill mother and was wounded in a hunting accident .

Reed was killed in August of that year in Paris , Texas . He had settled there with his family .


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Question: A Republican from Florida , Young served as chairman of the House Committee on Appropriations from 1999 to 2005 .

He served as chairman of the House Committee on Appropriations from 1999 to 2005 and sat on the Committee until his death .

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Mark Whitty Everson ( born September 10 , 1954 ) is an American politician . He served as the 46th Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 2003 until 2007 .


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Question: Charles William `` Bill '' Young ( December 16 , 1930 - October 18 , 2013 ) was an American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1971 to 2013 .

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Charles William `` Bill '' Young ( December 16 , 1930 - October 18 , 2013 ) was the U.S. Representative for Florida 's 13th congressional district , serving in Congress since 1971 .

James Louis `` Jim '' Oberstar ( September 10 , 1934 -- May 3 , 2014 ) was an American politician . He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2011 .


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Question: During flight a V-shaped white rump patch and the silver-gray underwing linings are visible .

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During flight a V-shaped white rump patch and the silver-gray underwing linings can be seen .

It is gray overall , and adults have a bright yellow head and rusty `` shoulder patch '' ( the lesser coverts ) .


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Question: The Barnacle Goose ( Branta leucopsis ) belongs to the genus Branta of black geese , which contains species with largely black plumage , distinguishing them from the gray Anser species .

The Barnacle Goose ( Branta leucopsis ) belongs to the genus Branta of black geese .

The mute swan ( `` Cygnus olor '' ) is a species of swan , and thus a member of the duck , goose and swan family Anatidae .


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Question: Unable to fly , the three day old goslings jump off the cliff and fall ; their small size , feathery down , and very light weight helps to protect some of them from serious injury when they hit the rocks below , but many die from the impact .

Their small size , feathery down , and very light weight helps to protect some of them from serious injury when they hit the rocks below .

The study authors think that after falling five stories , the cats reached terminal velocity . At that time , the cats relaxed and spread their bodies to increase drag .


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Question: Arctic foxes are attracted by the noise made by the parent geese during this time and capture many dead or injured goslings .

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Arctic foxes are attracted by the noise made by the parent geese during this time .

Honeyguide nestlings have been known to throw out their host 's chicks from the nest . They have hooks on their beaks with which they puncture the hosts ' eggs or kill the nestlings .


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Question: The Barnacle Goose is a medium-sized goose , 55-70 cm ( 22-28 in ) long , with a wingspan of 130-145 cm ( 51-57 in ) and a body mass of 1.21-2 .23 kg ( 2.7-4 .9 lb ) .

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Its wingspan is 130-145 cm ( 51-57 in ) and the body mass is 1.21-2 .23 kg ( 2.7-4 .9 lb ) .

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The Greater Roadrunner is about 52-62 cm ( 20-24 in ) long , the wingspan is about 43-61 cm ( 17-24 in ) long , and weighs about 221-538 grams .


Question: Barnacle Geese frequently build their nests high on mountain cliffs ; away from predators ( primarily Arctic Foxes and Polar Bears ) but also away from food .

Barnacle Geese often build their nests high on mountain cliffs .

This can be good to other species as well , as it may chase predatory birds , such as hawks and owls which sometimes feed on jays , and will scream if it sees a predator within its territory .


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Question: Lady Burdett-Coutts died of acute bronchitis at her home on Stratton Street , Piccadilly .

Lady Burdett-Coutts died of acute bronchitis at her house in Stratton Street , Piccadilly .

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Pirie died of bile duct cancer in Lymington , Hampshire .


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Question: She also supported the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ( NSPCC ) in 1883 , and founded the Westminster Technical Institute in 1893 , and was closely involved with the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( RSPCA ) .

She also established the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ( NSPCC ) in 1883 , the Westminster Technical Institute in 1893 and was closely involved with the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( RSPCA ) .

He studied at the University of Queensland , the University of Sydney and University College London , before taking a position as head of the newly established department of anatomy at the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg , South Africa in 1922 .


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Question: She endowed the bishoprics of Cape Town and Adelaide ( 1847 ) , and the founding bishopric of British Columbia ( 1857 ) .

Among many gifts to churches , she also personally endowed the bishoprics of Cape Town , and Adelaide ( 1847 ) , and the founding bishopric of British Columbia ( 1857 ) .

Over the next twenty years , he was private secretary to the Governor of Natal ( 1896 ) , to the Governor of Trinidad and Tobago ( 1898 ) , to the Governor of Ceylon ( 1900 ) , and to the Governor of Hong Kong ( 1903 ) .


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Question: Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts , Baroness Burdett-Coutts ( 21 April 1814 - 30 December 1906 ) , born Angela Georgina Burdett , was a nineteenth-century philanthropist , the daughter of Sir Francis Burdett , 5th Baronet and the former Sophia Coutts , daughter of banker Thomas Coutts .

Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts , 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts ( 21 April 1814 - 30 December 1906 ) , born Angela Georgina Burdett , was a noted nineteenth century philanthropist .

Elizabeth Hay , Countess of Erroll ( 17 January 1801 - 16 January 1856 ) , an illegitimate daughter of William IV and Dorothy Jordan , married William Hay on 4 December , 1820 , at the age of 19 .


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Question: The book Flashman 's Lady by George MacDonald Fraser makes reference to her ( fictional ) love for James Brooke ( The White Rajah ) , and his rejection of her due to his physical affliction .

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The book Flashman 's Lady by George MacDonald Fraser makes reference to Angela Burdett-Coutts ( fictional ) love interest for James Brooke ( The White Rajah ) ; and his rejection of her due to his physical affliction .

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Some historians have suggested Marie Joséphine 's possible lesbian relationship with a lady-in-waiting as the primary cause for discord between the couple .


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Question: Three years later , when she was 67 , she shocked polite society by marrying her 29-year-old secretary , the American-born William Lehman Ashmead Bartlett , who became MP for Westminster on 12 February 1881 .

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She married her 29-year-old secretary , the American born William Lehman Ashmead Bartlett , who later became MP for Westminster on 12 February , 1881 .

Together they had a son , John , and a daughter , Vivienne , who died after a long illness in 1985 , shortly before her eighteenth birthday .


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Question: Lady Burdett-Coutts left no issue .

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Question: In 1837 she became one of the wealthiest women in England when she inherited her grandfather 's fortune of around # 1.8 million pounds sterling , following the death of her stepgrandmother , Harriot Mellon .

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In 1837 she became the wealthiest woman in England when she inherited her grandfather 's fortune of nearly three million pounds sterling .

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Question: One of her earliest philanthropic acts was to co-found ( with Charles Dickens ) a home for young women who had `` turned to a life of immorality '' , including theft and prostitution .

One of her earliest was to establish , with the novelist Charles Dickens , Urania Cottage , a home that helped young women who had ` turned to a life of immorality'including theft and prostitution .

While in her 60s , Alice Ivers was arrested several times after the `` Poker Palace '' incident for being a madam , a gambler , and a bootlegger , as well as her drunkenness .


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Question: She joined the surnames of her father and grandfather , by royal licence , to become Burdett-Coutts .

At the same time she got a Royal Licence ( permission from the monarch ) to join her father 's and grandfather 's surnames and become Angela Burdett-Coutts .

He married Catherine Southwell in 1790 . They had two children , George and Sophia ( later , the Baroness de Clifford ) .


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Question: Fourteen overseas territories remain under British sovereignty .

There are currently 14 remaining overseas territories under UK sovereignty .

In 1898 Crete obtained autonomy under Turkish suzerainty .


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Question: The East India Company drove the expansion of the British Empire in Asia .

The most famous part of the British Empire was the East India Trading Company .

Together with Warren Hastings he was one of the key figures in the creation of British India .


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Question: The political transfer of Hong Kong to China in 1997 marked for many the end of the British Empire .

One of the last parts of the British Empire was Hong Kong .

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By the 1990s , the end of the Cold war , and normal relations between some countries , made it seem more possible to create a rail network across the Asian continent .


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Question: By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people , one-fifth of the world 's population at the time .

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More than 458 million people were brought under the control of the British Empire .

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As of 2006 , about 7.5 billion cubic meters of concrete are made each year -- more than one cubic meter for every person on Earth .


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Question: The ARM architecture ( 32-bit ) is the most widely used architecture in mobile devices , and most popular 32-bit one in embedded systems .

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ARM architecture is a computer CPU architecture commonly used in embedded systems and mobile devices such as cell phones , smartphones , tablet computers , and handheld game consoles such as the Game Boy Advance .

In the past this was reserved for high-end mainframes but now small scale ( 2-8 ) multiprocessors servers have become commonplace for the small business market .


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Question: In multitasking computer operating systems , a daemon ( \ / ˈdeɪmən \ / or \ / ˈdiːmən \ / ) is a computer program that runs as a background process , rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user .

In Unix , and in other computer multitasking operating systems , a daemon ( pronounced \ / ˈdiːmən \ / or \ / ˈdeɪmən \ / ) is a computer program that runs as a background task .

In computing , a serial port is a `` serial communication physical interface '' through which information transfers , either in or out , one bit at a time ( in contrast with parallel port ) .


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Question: Traditionally daemon names end with the letter d : for example , syslogd is the daemon that implements the system logging facility and sshd is a daemon that services incoming SSH connections .

Normally , daemons have names that end with the letter `` d '' : for example , syslogd , the daemon that handles the system log , httpd , a daemon that handles web requests , or sshd , which takes care of incoming SSH connections .

rlogin is also the name of the application layer protocol used by the software , also the protocol is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite .


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Question: He read English Literature at Downing College , Cambridge from 1953 to 1956 , received his postgraduate teaching diploma from the University of London , and later studied at the Chelsea School of Art .

He studied English Literature at Downing College , Cambridge ( 1953-6 ) and later studied at the Chelsea School of Art .

She gained a degree from the University of Oslo and a master 's degree from Harvard University .


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Question: His first published drawing was for the satirical magazine Punch , at the age of 16 .

His first published drawing was for Punch magazine , at the age of 16 .

Between 1976 and 1980 , Motion taught English at the University of Hull . While there , at age 24 , he had his first volume of poetry published .


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Question: These 35 books were both written and illustrated by Blake .

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This is a list only of books both written and illustrated by Blake .

The Windy Hill is a long book for children . It was written by Cornelia Meigs .


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Question: He went to Chislehurst and Sidcup Grammar School , where his English teacher , J H Walsh , influenced his ambition to become involved in literature .

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Blake went to Chislehurst and Sidcup Grammar School .

At the age of eight he was accepted into the Dragon School , where he first developed an interest in biology thanks to his German teacher , Gerd Sommerhoff .


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Question: Fats may be either solid or liquid at room temperature , depending on their structure and composition .

Fats can be solid ( firm ) or fluid at room temperature .

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Berzelius was the first person to show the difference between organic compounds ( those made with carbon ) , and inorganic compounds .


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Question: Examples of edible animal fats are lard , fish oil , butter\/ghee and whale blubber .

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E.g. The following spring , her debut album `` Say Greetings '' was released . == The following spring , her debut album Say Greetings was released , having been recorded in Jamaica the previous year .

Examples of animal fats are butter , cream and lard .

These kind of milk products include cream , cottage cheese , ricotta cheese , and cream cheese .


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Question: Trans fats may significantly increase the risk of coronary heart disease .

Trans fats are the most unhealthy fats to eat and can cause heart disease .

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There is scientific evidence that for healthy people , multivitamin do not provide protection from cancer , heart disease or other serious diseases .


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Question: Chemically , fats are triglycerides : triesters of glycerol and any of several fatty acids .

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Fats are triesters of fatty acids and glycerol .

In chemistry terms , cracking is a process by which complicated organic molecules ( such as kerogens or heavy hydrocarbons ) are broken down into simpler molecules ( e.g. light hydrocarbons ) by breaking their carbon-carbon bonds .


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Question: Also , the Rosebuds were the first team based in the United States to play for the Cup .

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The Rosebuds were the first team from the United States to play for the Cup .

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Because of Japan 's victory , Japan became the first Asian team to win any FIFA World Cup !


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Question: The 1916 Stanley Cup Final was played between the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) champion Montreal Canadiens and the Pacific Coast Hockey Association ( PCHA ) champion Portland Rosebuds .

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The 1916 Stanley Cup Final was played between the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) winners Montreal Canadiens and the Pacific Coast Hockey Association ( PCHA ) winners Portland Rosebuds .

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For example, 'A number line is usually drawn as a simple horizontal line .' should be close to 'The number line is usually represented as being horizontal .'

Edward Reginald Noble ( June 23 , 1895 - January 19 , 1962 ) of Collingwood , Ontario ) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 17 professional seasons in the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) and National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the Toronto Blueshirts , Montreal Canadiens , Toronto St. Pats , Montreal Maroons , Detroit Cougars , Detroit Falcons and Detroit Red Wings .


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Question: The Canadiens defeated the Rosebuds three games to two in the best-of-five game series .

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The Canadiens defeated the Rosebuds three games to two and won the Cup for the first time .

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The North Stars played 2,062 regular season games and made the NHL playoffs fifteen times , including two Stanley Cup Finals appearances .


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Question: This was the first time that a best-of-five Cup championship went the distance .

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This was the first time that a best-of-five Cup series had all five games played .

As of the end of the 2007-08 season , this is the last time that a Canadian team has won the Stanley Cup .


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Question: The college is a member institute under the TEQIP - Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme in India ( 11 colleges were selected from Tamil Nadu ) .

It is a member institute under the Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme in India ( 11 colleges were selected from Tamil Nadu ) .

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Partnership of a European Group of Aeronautics and Space UniversitieS ( PEGASUS ) is the biggest network for aeronautical and space universities in Europe .


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Question: Established in 1952 , it is under the control of the government of the State .

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He was for many years , he served as the chairman ( commissioner ) of the Gothenburg Municipality Executive Board .


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Question: He is probably best known for his role as Col. John `` Hannibal '' Smith , the cigar-chomping leader of a renegade commando squad , in the 1980s television show The A-Team .

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He had a major role early in his career when he acted with Audrey Hepburn in Breakfast at Tiffany 's ( 1961 ) , but he is probably more well known for his role as Col. John `` Hannibal '' Smith in the 1980s television show The A-Team , where he was the leader of the group , who was often smoking a cigar .

Henry Enrique `` Erik '' Estrada ( born March 16 , 1949 ) is an American actor and reserve police officer . He is best known for his co-starring lead role in the 1977 -- 1983 American police television series `` CHiPs '' .


Question: George Peppard , Jr. ( \ / pəˈpɑrd \ / ; October 1 , 1928 - May 8 , 1994 ) was an American film and television actor and producer .

George Peppard , Jr. ( October 1 , 1928 - May 8 , 1994 ) was an American movie and television actor .

William Frank Jones , better known as Christopher Jones ( August 18 , 1941 -- January 31 , 2014 ) , was an American movie and television actor .


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Question: Frusciante released his first solo album Niandra Lades and Usually Just a T-Shirt , on March 8 , 1994 .

Frusciante released Niandra LaDes & Usually Just A T-Shirt in 1994 as a cure for there being `` no good music around any more '' .

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They released their first album , `` Hate , Malice , Revenge '' , on April 19 , 2003 .


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Question: Frusciante has received critical recognition for his guitar playing , ranking at number 18 on Rolling Stone 's list of `` The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' in 2003 ; and again in a second list published in 2011 , where he ranked at number 72 .

He was number 18 on Rolling Stone 's list of `` The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' in 2003 .

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In 2005 , `` Paste '' was listed at # 21 on The Chicago Tribune 's list of `` 50 Best Magazines '' . `` Paste '' appeared on that newspaper 's list again in 2007 .


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Question: During the Californication world tour , Frusciante continued to compose his own songs , many of which would be released in 2001 on his third solo album To Record Only Water for Ten Days .

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For example, 'The routing of the line across the Don Valley was possible because of a choice made more than forty years before .' should be close to 'The routing of the line across the Don Valley was possible thanks to a decision made more than forty years earlier .'

During the Californication tour , Frusciante recorded some more songs in what would eventually become To Record Only Water For Ten Days , which was released in 2001 .

The band released a covers album + DVD package in summer of 2008 titled Cover Your Heart and the Anvil Pants Odyssey , and is currently working on its second album .


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Question: The group 's follow-up album , Blood Sugar Sex Magik ( 1991 ) , was a breakthrough success .

Following an international tour , Frusciante co-recorded the band 's fifth album , Blood Sugar Sex Magik .

He made his first album , Grits Sandwiches for Breakfast , in 1990 , but it did not have much success .


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Question: However , Frusciante was not familiar with the funk genre of Red Hot Chili Peppers ' sound : `` I was n't really a funk player before I joined the band .

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He was the guitarist of the funk rock band , Red Hot Chili Peppers .

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However , he regrets the fact that it was first released as a B-side , admitting he was `` young and stupid '' , when he made that decision .


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Question: Frusciante was born in Queens , New York on March 5 , 1970 .

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He was born on March 5 , 1970 in Queens , New York .

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White was born in San Diego , California on September 3 , 1986 .


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Question: John Anthony Frusciante ( i\/fru ːˈʃɑːnteɪ \ / ; born March 5 , 1970 ) is an American guitarist , singer , songwriter , and producer .

John Frusciante is an American musician .

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To give you a sense - "Among the recipients is former U.S. Senator Bob Kerrey . Three are retired generals : Patrick Henry Brady and Robert F. Foley of the Army and James E. Livingston of the Marine Corps ." should be close to "Among the recipients are former U.S. Senator Bob Kerrey and three retired generals : Patrick Henry Brady and Robert F. Foley of the Army and James E. Livingston of the Marine Corps ."

Erica Abi Wright ( born February 26 , 1971 ) , better known by her stage name Erykah Badu ( how to say : \ / ˈɛrɨkə bɑːˈduː \ / ) , is an American singer-songwriter , record producer , and actress .


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Question: 2006 saw the release of his fifth and final album with the Chili Peppers , Stadium Arcadium .

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Four Years later the Peppers released their ninth studio album , Stadium Arcadium .

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It was released as the first single and second track off the band 's first album , Hybrid Theory .


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Question: Frusciante joined the Red Hot Chili Peppers at the age of eighteen , first appearing on the band 's 1989 album , Mother 's Milk .

John Frusciante joined the Red Hot Chili Peppers in 1988 after the previous guitarist , Hillel Slovak , died of a drug overdose .

The band reunited in 2001 with a new guitarist ( John Roth ) . In 2006 , the band 's 1993 touring line-up ( except for Paul Taylor ) re-united to record the band 's first studio album in over 13 years , `` IV '' .


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Question: Frusciante noted , `` These six records were recorded in a period of six months after coming home from touring with the Chili Peppers for one-and-a-half years .

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After yet another world tour with the Red Hot Chili Peppers , Frusciante decided to release some more of his own material between 2004-2005 .

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Provided: "He also appeared in such shows as Starsky and Hutch , T. J. Hooker , The A-Team , Charmed and Star Trek : The Next Generation ." Match: "He also appeared in such shows as Starsky and Hutch , T. J. Hooker , Blue Thunder ( TV series ) , Airwolf , The A-Team , Charmed and Star Trek : The Next Generation ."

After about ten years in England , he went back to India and worked there for about six-and-half years .


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Question: Tin ( II ) oxide ( stannous oxide ) is a compound with the formula SnO .

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Tin ( II ) oxide , also known as stannous oxide , is a chemical compound .

Copper ( I ) oxide , also known as cuprous oxide , is a chemical compound .


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Question: It is composed of tin and oxygen where tin has the oxidation state of +2 .

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It has tin in an oxidation state of +2 .

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For example, 'Bradford was born to William and Alice Bradford in Austerfield , Yorkshire , England .' should be close to 'William Bradford was born to William and Alice Bradford in Austerfield , Yorkshire , England , being baptized on March 19 , 1589\/90 .'

In neutral solution , permanganate is reduced to brown manganese ( IV ) oxide , where Mn is in a +4 oxidation state .


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Given Perhaps the most famous use of the field gun in terms of advanced tactics was Napoleon 's use of very large wheels on the guns that allowed them to be moved quickly even during a battle . it matches with Napoleon used field guns with very large wheels that allowed them to be moved quickly even during a battle . but not with A mortar can be moved around by one or more people ( bigger mortars can usually be broken down into parts ) or moved around in a vehicle .

Question: The taxonomy of this genus continues to be a topic of study as new species are named or long-standing ones reassigned to other genera .

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The taxonomy of the genus continues to be a topic of study as new species are named or long-standing ones reassigned to other genera .

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"Mariano José de Larra ( 24 March 1809 - 13 February 1837 ) was a Spanish romanticist writer noted for satire and perhaps the best prose writer of 19th-century Spain ." == "Mariano José de Larra ( 24 March 1809 - 13 February 1837 ) was a Spanish romantic writer best known for his numerous essays , and his infamous suicide ."

In some cases paraphyletic taxa are united simply by not being part of any other groups , and give rise to so-called wastebasket taxa .


Question: Scientific understanding of Iguanodon has evolved over time as new information has been obtained from fossils .

Scientific understanding of Iguanodon has evolved over time as new information has been obtained from the fossils .

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Knight worked in an era when new and often fragmentary fossils were coming out of the American west in quantity . Understandably , not all of his creations were based on solid evidence .


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Question: Iguanodon were large , bulky herbivores .

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A large , bulky herbivore , Iguanodon is thought by some to be in the same family as the duck-billed hadrosaurs .

Coelophysis was a small fast running carnivorous dinosaur .


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Question: This led the writers to immediately work on five more episodes for the series , a total of ten episodes .

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This move led the writers to immediately work on five more episodes for the series , a total of ten episodes .

In 2001 , production of the show was canceled and it was announced that no new episodes would be produced .


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Question: The theme song for Hung is `` I 'll Be Your Man '' by The Black Keys from their debut album The Big Come Up ( 2002 ) .

The theme song for Hung is `` I 'll Be Your Man '' by The Black Keys .

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The song is the first single off their second album `` Sorry for Party Rocking '' , released in 2011 .


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Question: The second season premiered on June 27 , 2010 and concluded its ten-episode run on September 12 , 2010 .

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It premiered on June 27 , 2010 and ended on September 12 , 2010 .

It was on the Disney Channel from September 15 , 2001 to August 19 , 2005 .


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Question: Lipkin and Burson 's script was the first major purchase by the network 's new entertainment president Sue Naegle in April 2008 .

Lipkin and Burson 's script was the first big purchase by HBO 's new owner Sue Naegle in April 2008 .

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Moore and producer John Carls submitted the story to Sony in June 2002 , and the movie immediately went into development .


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Question: On December 20 , 2011 HBO decided not to renew Hung for a fourth season .

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On September 2 , 2010 , HBO renewed Hung for a third season of 10 episodes .

According to an interview with Diego Ramos , the series has been renewed for a third season . Filming will begin on April 2014 .


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Question: The show 's pilot was directed by filmmaker Alexander Payne , who served as executive producer along with Lipkin , Burson , and Blueprint Entertainment .

Payne helps make Hung along with Lipkin , Burson , and Blueprint Entertainment .

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The film was directed and produced by their sons , Gregory V. Sherman and Jeff Sherman . It was put out by Walt Disney Pictures .


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Question: On December 18 , 2008 , HBO announced picking up the series for its first season , which ran from June 28 , 2009 to September 13 , 2009 .

On December 18 , 2008 , it was said that HBO picked up the dark comedy .

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The block began on March 6 , 2001 and lasted until February 8 , 2009 .


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Question: The town has a population of 36,321 , while the Aldershot Urban Area , a loose conurbation ( which also includes other towns such as Camberley , Farnborough , and Farnham ) has a population of 243,344 , making it the thirtieth-largest urban area in the UK .

The town has a population of 33,840 , while the Aldershot Urban Area , a loose conurbation ( which also includes other towns , such as Camberley , Farnborough , and Farnham ) has a population of 243,344 , making it the 30th-largest urban area in the UK Aldershot is known for its connection with the British Army .

Totton and Eling is a town and civil parish in Hampshire , UK . It has a population of around 28,000 people .


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Question: Coordinates : 51 ° 14 ′ 49 ″ N 0 ° 45 ′ 35 ″ W \ / 51.2470 ° N 0.7598 ° W \ / 51.2470 ; -0.7598 Aldershot ( \ / ˈɔːldərʃɒt \ / ) is a town in the English county of Hampshire , located on heathland about 60 km ( 37 mi ) southwest of London .

Coordinates : 51 ° 14 ′ 49 ″ N 0 ° 45 ′ 35 ″ W \ / 51.2470 ° N 0.7598 ° W \ / 51.2470 ; -0.7598 Aldershot ( \ / ˈɔːldərʃɒt \ / ) is a town in the English county of Hampshire , about 60 km ( 37 miles ) southwest of London .

Coordinates : 50 ° 43 ′ 30 ″ N 2 ° 56 ′ 24 ″ W \ / 50.725 ° N 2.940 ° W \ / 50.725 ; -2.940 Lyme Regis is a coastal town in West Dorset , England , 25 miles west of Dorchester and 25 miles ( 40 km ) east of Exeter .


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Question: Aldershot is known as the `` Home of the British Army '' , a connection which led to its rapid growth from a small village to a Victorian town .

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This led to rapid growth from a small village to a Victorian town .

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Often mistaken for a `` new town '' , Basingstoke is an old market town expanded in the 1960s as part of a plan of London County Council , Hampshire County Council and Basingstoke Borough Council .


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Question: Desert plants have specially adapted structures , such as thick cuticles , reduced leaf areas , sunken stomata and hairs to reduce transpiration and conserve water .

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Desert plants and conifers have specially adapted structures , such as thick cuticles , reduced leaf areas , sunken stomata and hairs to reduce transpiration and conserve water .

These are usually organic or inorganic substances that are products of metabolism , and include crystals , oil drops , gums , tannins , resins and other compounds that can help the organism in defense , maintenance of cellular structure , or just substance storage .


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Question: Transpiration rates of plants can be measured by a number of techniques , including potometers , lysimeters , porometers , photosynthesis systems and heat balance sap flow gauges .

( 3 ) Transpiration rate of plants can be measured by a number of techniques , including potometers , lysimeters , porometers , photosynthesis systems and heat balance sap flow gauges .

In short , the sequence of events in a modern spectrophotometer is as follows : There are two kinds of spectrophotometers : single beam and double beam .


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Question: A fully grown tree may lose several hundred of gallons of water through its leaves on a hot , dry day .

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A fully grown tree may lose several hundred gallons of water through its leaves on a hot , dry day .

In places such as the Channel Islands and Canary Islands where the frost is minimal , and plants can grow all year round , some cultivars can grow up to 3 meters tall .


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Question: Transpiration also cools plants , changes osmotic pressure of cells , and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients and water from roots to shoots .

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Transpiration also cools plants and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients and water from roots to shoots .

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Using the carbon-14 isotope as a tracer , Calvin and colleagues mapped the complete route that carbon travels through a plant during photosynthesis . It starts with its its absorption as atmospheric carbon dioxide , and ends with its conversion into carbohydrates and other organic compounds .


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Question: Many desert plants have a special type of photosynthesis , termed crassulacean acid metabolism or CAM photosynthesis , in which the stomata are closed during the day and open at night when transpiration will be lower .

Many desert plants have a special type of photosynthesis in which the stomata are closed during the day and open at night when transpiration will be lower .

Chlorophyll is vital for photosynthesis , which allows plants to obtain energy from light .


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Question: The stomata are bordered by guard cells and their stomatal accessory cells ( together known as stomatal complex ) that open and close the pore .

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The stoma are bordered by guard cells that open and close the pore .

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Desert plants and conifers have specially adapted structures , such as thick cuticles , reduced leaf areas , sunken stomata and hairs to reduce transpiration and conserve water .


Question: Leaf surfaces are dotted with pores which are called stomata , and in most plants they are more numerous on the undersides of the foliage .

Leaf surfaces are dotted with openings called stomata .

Lycopods differ from all other vascular plants in having microphylls , leaves that have only a single vein rather than the much more complex megaphylls found in ferns and seed plants .


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Question: The amount of water lost by a plant also depends on its size and the amount of water absorbed at the roots .

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The amount of water lost by a plant depends on its size , the surrounding light intensity , temperature , humidity , wind speed , and soil water supply .

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Many desert plants have a special type of photosynthesis in which the stomata are closed during the day and open at night when transpiration will be lower .


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represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence.
E.g.
"It was on the later show that their lyrical hip-hop choreography style gained exposure ." == "It was on this show that their lyrical hip-hop style gained popularity ." != "Many of their songs have humorous wordplay and sexual innuendo ."

Question: The name hashish comes from the Arabic word ( حشيش ) which means grass .

The name hashish comes from an Arabic word meaning dry weed .

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The specific name julibrissin is a corruption of farsi Gul-i Abrisham ( گل ابریشم ) meaning silktree , by its flowers ( `` Gul '' گل is `` flower '' and `` Abrisham '' ابریشم means `` silk '' ) .


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Question: The authors added that measurement of BPA levels in serum and other body fluids suggests the possibilities that BPA intake is much higher than accounted for , and\/or that BPA can bioaccumulate in some conditions ( such as pregnancy ) .

The measurement of BPA levels in human serum and other body fluids suggests that either BPA intake is much higher than previously thought or that BPA can bioaccumulate in some conditions such as pregnancy , or both .

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Frequent lead exposure and lead-contaminated alcohol are risk factors for gout because lead harms the kidney function .


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Question: This is problematic because acute animal exposure studies are used to estimate daily human exposure to BPA , and no studies that had examined BPA pharmacokinetics in animal models had followed continuous low-level exposures .

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However , the experts noted that 1 ) BPA is not persistent in the environment or in humans , 2 ) biomonitoring surveys indicate that exposure is continuous , 3 ) it is hard to use acute animal exposure studies to estimate daily human exposure to BPA , and 4 ) no studies that had examined BPA pharmacokinetics in animal models had followed continuous low level exposures .

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Chemicals from both synthetic ( e.g. pesticides , anti-bacterial Triclosan , plasticizers for plastics , etc. ) and natural ( e.g. , chemicals found in tea tree oil and lavender oil ) ) sources in the blood of pregnant women have been linked to various degrees of endocrine disruption .


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E.g.
'He is depicted as a covetous , egocentric , manipulative and amoral oil baron with psychopathic tendencies , who is constantly plotting subterfuges to plunder his foes and their wealth .' == 'He is shown as as a villainous selfish oil baron with psychopathic tendencies , who is constantly plotting subterfuges to plunder his foes and their wealth .' != 'In the source tale , a king is hoodwinked by weavers who claim to make a suit of clothes invisible to any man not the son of his presumed father . Andersen altered the source tale to direct the focus on courtly pride and intellectual vanity rather than adulterous paternity .'

Question: The authors concluded that BPA imitates the sex hormone 17B-estradiol , which leads to a rise in insulin and eventually resistance which can lead to type 2 diabetes and hypertension A panel convened by the National Toxicology Program ( NTP ) of the U.S. National Institutes of Health determined that there was `` some concern '' about BPA 's effects on fetal and infant brain development and behavior .

A panel convened by the U.S. National Institutes of Health in 2007 determined that there was `` some concern '' about BPA 's effects on fetal and infant brain development and behavior .

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In 2007 , 38 experts on bisphenol A wrote a consensus statement which said average levels in people are above those that cause harm to many animals in laboratory experiments .


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Question: It is a key monomer in production of epoxy resins and in the most common form of polycarbonate plastic .

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It is used to make polycarbonate plastic , epoxy resins , and other things .

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Wood pulp is widely used to make paper , cardboard , cellulose sponges , cellophane and some important plastics and textiles , such as cellulose acetate and rayon .


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Question: The European Union and Canada have banned BPA use in baby bottles .

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In the European Union and Canada , BPA can not be used to make baby bottles .

Thiomersal is more effective against bacteria , has better shelf life , and improves vaccine stability , potency , and safety , but in the U.S. , the European Union , and a few other rich countries , it is no longer used as a preservative in childhood vaccines , as a precautionary measure due to its mercury content .


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Question: The Chapel Hill Consensus Statement stated that average BPA levels in people were above those that cause harm to many animals in laboratory experiments .

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In 2007 , 38 experts on bisphenol A wrote a consensus statement which said average levels in people are above those that cause harm to many animals in laboratory experiments .

Endocrine disruptor resulting from chemical exposure has been linked to genital deformation in both sexes ( among many other problems ) .


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Question: Vavuniya District ( Tamil : வவுனியா மாவட்டம் Vavuṉiyā Māvaṭṭam ; Sinhala : වව න ය ද ස ත ර ක කය ) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka , the second level administrative division of the country .

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Vavuniya District ( Tamil : வவுனியா மாவட்டம் Vavuṉiyā Māvaṭṭam ; Sinhala : වව න ය ද ස ත ර ක කය ) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka .

Greater Noida ( GN ) ( Hindi : ग्रेटर नोएडा , Urdu : بڑا نویڈا , pronunciation : Baṛa Nōēḍā ) is in the Gautam Budh Nagar district of the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh ( UP ) .


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Question: Vavuniya District is located in the north of Sri Lanka in the Northern Province .

Vavuniya District is in the north of Sri Lanka .

Kilinochchi District is part of the Northern Province .


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Question: It was found by William Herschel in 1780 using one of the most powerful telescopes at the time : a reflecting telescope that he had made .

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It was found by William Herschel in 1780 using one of the most powerful telescopes of the time : his own reflecting telescope .

He continued his work as a telescope maker , selling many of them to other astronomers .


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Question: Some suggest it may be 30 % closer which , if correct , is especially notable because Polaris is the closest Cepheid variable to Earth , so its physical parameters are of critical importance to the whole astronomical distance scale .

If correct , this would be especially notable because Polaris is the closest Cepheid variable to Earth .

By measuring the properties from a star 's spectrum , the position of a main sequence star on the H-R diagram can be found .


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Examples:
Provided: Although he recorded most of his songs in French , he became a major influence on English-speaking songwriters and performers such as David Bowie , Alex Harvey , Leonard Cohen , Marc Almond and Rod McKuen . Match: Although he recorded most of his songs in French , he became a major influence on English-speaking songwriters and performers . Hard Negative: These include Ray Charles , Judy Collins , John Denver , the Kingston Trio , Nina Simone , Frank Sinatra , Scott Walker , and Andy Williams .

Question: There are also two distant components α UMi C and α UMi D. Polaris B can be seen even with a modest telescope .

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Polaris B can be seen even with a modest telescope .

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It has been found that the star CV Aquarii found in 1934 , was actually an incorrect misidentification of 52 Europa .


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Question: Polaris ( α UMi , α Ursae Minoris , Alpha Ursae Minoris , commonly North Star , Northern Star or Pole Star , also Lodestar , sometimes Guiding star ) is the brightest star in the constellation Ursa Minor .

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Polaris , or Alpha Ursae Minoris , is the Pole Star or North Star .

Capella ( α Aurigae , α Aur , Alpha Aurigae ) is the brightest star in the constellation Auriga , the eleventh brightest star in the night sky and the third brightest star in the northern celestial hemisphere , after Arcturus and Vega .


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Question: In January 2006 , NASA released images from the Hubble telescope , directly showing all three members of the Polaris ternary system .

The first is that it is part of a triple star system .

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He found a ` cloud ' in the constellation of Centaurus to be the most striking concentration of galaxies .


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Question: Polaris is the closest Cepheid variable to Earth so its physical parameters are of critical importance to the whole astronomical distance scale .

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Its physical parameters are critical to the whole astronomical distance scale .

Knowing the period-luminosity relation for local RR Lyrae-type variable stars allows the distance of more distant stars of this type to be determined .