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Question: Sinhala has its own writing system , the Sinhala alphabet , which is a member of the Brahmic family of scripts , and a descendant of the ancient Indian Brahmi script .

Sinhala has its own writing system ( see Sinhala script ) which is an offspring of the Indian Brahmi script .

Sho ( uppercase/lowercase Ϸ ϸ ) , was a letter added to the Greek alphabet in order to write the Bactrian language .


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Question: It belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages .

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It belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family .

Hungarian is a Finno-Ugric language , which is a member of the Uralic language family .


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Question: Sinhala is also spoken , as a second language by other ethnic groups in Sri Lanka , totalling about 3 million .

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Sinhala is spoken by about 19 million people in Sri Lanka , about 16 million of them are native speakers .

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War ( also spelled Waar ) or Amwi is an Austro-Asiatic language spoken by about 16,000 people in Bangladesh and 12,000 people in the Republic of India .


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E.g.
'The newspaper was founded by Arthur B. Sleigh in June 1855 as The Daily Telegraph and Courier , and since 2004 has been owned by David and Frederick Barclay .' == 'The newspaper was started by Arthur B. Sleigh in June 1855 as the Daily Telegraph and Courier , and since 2004 has been owned by David and Frederick Barclay .' != 'With sales still falling , the afternoon edition was canceled , the last edition being published on December 21 , 2001 .'

Question: The closest relative of Sinhala is the language of the Maldives and Minicoy Island ( India ) , Dhivehi .

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The closest relative of Sinhala is the language of the Maldives , Dhivehi .

Except the town of Poro , in which , Porohanon is spoken ( a variation or mixture of Cebuano , Hiligaynon ( Ilonggo ) and Masbateño language ) .


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Question: Sinhala is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka .

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It is one of the constitutionally-recognised official languages of Sri Lanka , along with Tamil .

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Persian is the official language of Iran , Afghanistan and Tajikistan .


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Question: The Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) , commonly known as the North American opossum , is the only marsupial found in North America north of Mexico .

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The Virginia Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) , sometimes called a possum , is a marsupial .

The Eastern Grey Kangaroo ( Macropus giganteus ) is a marsupial that lives in south and east Australia , including Tasmania .


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Question: The Virginia opossum is the original animal named `` opossum '' .

There are many marsupials in Australia , but the Virginia Opossum is the only North American marsupial .

Sylvester 's name is a play on the word , `` Felis silvestris '' which is a scientific name for the wild cat species although Sylvester is a domestic cat .


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Question: The Julian Day Number ( JDN ) is the integer assigned to a whole solar day in the Julian day count starting from noon Greenwich Mean Time , with Julian day number 0 assigned to the day starting at noon on January 1 , 4713 BC , proleptic Julian calendar ( November 24 , 4714 BC , in the proleptic Gregorian calendar ) .

The Julian day or Julian day number ( JDN ) is the number of days that have passed since the initial epoch defined as noon Universal Time ( UT ) Monday , January 1 , 4713 BC in the Julian calendar .

In common years it starts on the same day of the week as February , and it always starts on the same day of the week as November of the same year .


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Question: The Julian Date ( JD ) of any instant is the Julian day number for the preceding noon plus the fraction of the day since that instant .

The Julian date ( JD ) is a continuous count of days and fractions elapsed since the same initial epoch .

The tropical year in the definition was not measured , but calculated from a formula describing a tropical year which decreased linearly over time , hence the curious reference to a specific instantaneous tropical year .


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Question: Its name comes from the Greek words μείων ( meiōn , `` less '' ) and καινός ( kainos , `` new '' ) and means `` less recent '' because it has 18 % fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene .

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Its name comes from the Greek words μείων ( meiōn , `` less '' ) and καινός ( kainos , `` new '' ) and means `` less recent '' , because it has 18 % fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene .

The name is from the Greek κοχλίας `` kokhlias '' ( `` snail , screw '' ) , from κόχλος `` kokhlos '' ( `` spiral shell '' ) . This is in reference to its coiled shape : the cochlea is coiled in most mammals , monotremes being the exceptions .


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Question: Approximately 100 species of apes lived during this time .

About 100 species of ape lived at that time , and cetaceans were very common in the seas .

The Pectinidae family had a large number of species in the Mesozoic era , but they almost disappeared at the end of the Cretaceous period .


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Question: The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regional boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene .

They are set at regional boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene epochs .

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The Green River fossils show a transition between the moist early Eocene climate and the slightly drier mid-Eocene .


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Question: Mammals and birds were well-established .

Modern families of mammals and birds existed .

However , Rob Gay in 2002 showed that that these specimens were misinterpreted .


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Question: The Miocene follows the Oligocene epoch and is followed by the Pliocene epoch .

As the earth cooled , it went from the Oligocene epoch , through the Miocene , and into the Pliocene .

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The creodonts are an extinct order of mammals that lived from the Palaeocene to the Miocene epochs .


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Question: A sliding cursor with a vertical alignment line is used to find corresponding points on scales that are not adjacent to each other or , in duplex models , are on the other side of the rule .

A sliding cursor with a vertical alignment line is used to find corresponding points on scales that are not next to each other or , in duplex models , are on the other side of the rule .

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For angles from around 5.7 up to 90 degrees , sines are found by comparing the S scale with C . The S scale has a second set of angles ( sometimes in a different color ) , which run in the opposite direction , and are used for cosines .


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Question: The use of slide rules continued to grow through the 1950s and 1960s even as digital computing devices were being gradually introduced ; but around 1974 the electronic scientific calculator made it largely obsolete and most suppliers left the business .

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The use of slide rules continued to grow through the 1950s and 1960s even as digital computing devices were gradually introduced ; but around 1974 the electronic scientific calculator made the slide rule largely obsolete and most suppliers exited the business .

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Engravings continued to be common in newspapers and many books into the early 20th century , because they were cheap to use in printing .


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Question: We wanted to find 2 × 7 , but instead we calculated ( 2\/10 ) × 7 = 0.2 × 7 = 1.4 .

We wanted to find 2 × 7 , but instead we calculated 0.2 × 7 = 1.4 .

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For another example , each of the three groups { 0 , 0 , 14 , 14 } , { 0 , 6 , 8 , 14 } and { 6 , 6 , 8 , 8 } has an average ( mean ) of 7 .


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Question: More elaborate slide rules allow other calculations , such as square roots , exponentials , logarithms , and trigonometric functions .

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More complex slide rules allow other calculations , such as square roots , exponentials , logarithms , and trigonometric functions .

Rounding is almost unavoidable in many computations , especially when dividing two numbers in integer or fixed-point arithmetic ; when computing mathematical functions such as square roots , logarithms , and sines ; or when using a floating point representation with a fixed number of significant digits .


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Question: For example , to calculate 3 × 2 , the 1 on the top scale is moved to the 2 on the bottom scale .

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For example , to calculate 3 \* 2 , the 1 on the top scale is moved to the 2 on the bottom scale .

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So , for example , the name 18.2 balkline , tells us that balklines are drawn 18 inches ( 460 mm ) distant from each rail , and only two points are allowed in a balk space before a ball must leave that area .


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Question: The slide rule is used primarily for multiplication and division , and also for functions such as roots , logarithms and trigonometry , but is not normally used for addition or subtraction .

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The slide rule is used primarily for multiplication and division , and also for `` scientific '' functions such as roots , logarithms and trigonometry , but does not generally perform addition or subtraction .

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Question: The second method utilizes a sliding linear L scale available on some models .

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The second method uses a sliding linear L scale available on some models .

A variety of refinements to the attack have been suggested , including using multiple linear approximations or including non-linear expressions .


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Question: The slide rule , also known colloquially in the United States as a slipstick , is a mechanical analog computer .

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The slide rule , also known as a slipstick , is a mechanical analog computer .

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A pocket calculator is a small calculator that helps people do arithmetic .


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Question: Some slide rules ( `` duplex '' models ) have scales on both sides of the rule and slide strip , others on one side of the outer strips and both sides of the slide strip ( which can usually be pulled out , flipped over and reinserted for convenience ) , still others on one side only ( `` simplex '' rules ) .

Some slide rules ( `` duplex '' models ) have scales on both sides of the rule and slide strip , others on one side of the outer strips and both sides of the slide strip , still others on one side only ( `` simplex '' rules ) .

In most families , the two valves of the shell are almost perfectly symmetrical with one another along the hinge line , though the placement and shape of the teeth may differ slightly in the left valve and right valve so the two valves fit together properly .


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Question: This works because the distances from the `` 1 '' are proportional to the logarithms of the marked values : Operations may go `` off the scale ; '' for example , the diagram above shows that the slide rule has not positioned the 7 on the upper scale above any number on the lower scale , so it does not give any answer for 2 × 7 .

Operations may go `` off the scale ; '' for example , the diagram above shows that the slide rule has not positioned the 7 on the upper scale above any number on the lower scale , so it does not give any answer for 2 × 7 .


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Question: The S scale has a second set of angles ( sometimes in a different color ) , which run in the opposite direction , and are used for cosines .

For angles from around 5.7 up to 90 degrees , sines are found by comparing the S scale with C . The S scale has a second set of angles ( sometimes in a different color ) , which run in the opposite direction , and are used for cosines .

Additionally , rectangles are drawn where each balkline meets a rail , called anchor spaces .


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Question: Most slide rules consist of three linear strips of the same length , aligned in parallel and interlocked so that the central strip can be moved lengthwise relative to the other two .

The strips are aligned in parallel and interlocked so that the central strip can be moved lengthwise relative to the other two .

Another simple machine based on the inclined plane is the blade , in which two inclined planes placed back to back allow the two parts of the cut object to move apart using less force than would be needed to pull them apart in opposite directions .


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Question: In such cases , the user may slide the upper scale to the left until its right index aligns with the 2 , effectively dividing by 10 ( by subtracting the full length of the C-scale ) and then multiplying by 7 , as in the illustration below : Here the user of the slide rule must remember to adjust the decimal point appropriately to correct the final answer .

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In such cases , the user may slide the upper scale to the left until its right index aligns with the 2 , effectively multiplying by 0.2 instead of by 2 , as in the illustration below : Here the user of the slide rule must remember to adjust the decimal point appropriately to correct the final answer .

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Many logarithm tables give logarithms by separately providing the characteristic and mantissa of `` x '' , that is to say , the integer part and the fractional part of log10 ( `` x '' ) .


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Question: In general , mathematical calculations are performed by aligning a mark on the sliding central strip with a mark on one of the fixed strips , and then observing the relative positions of other marks on the strips .

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Mathematical calculations are done by aligning a mark on the sliding central strip with one on one of the fixes strips .

The neusis construction ( from Greek νεῦσις from νεύειν neuein `` incline towards '' ; plural : νεύσεις neuseis ) fits a line element of given length ( a ) in between two given lines ( l and m ) , in such a way that the line element , or its extension , passes through a given point P . That is , one end of the line element has to lie on l , the other end on m , while the line element is `` inclined '' towards P . A neusis construction might be performed by means of a ` Neusis Ruler ' : a marked ruler that is rotatable around the point P ( this may be done by putting a pin into the point P and then pressing the ruler against the pin ) .


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Question: Tangents are found by comparing the T scale with the C ( or D ) scale for angles less than 45 degrees .

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Tangents are found by comparing the T scale with C or , for angles greater than 45 degrees , CI .

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Fewshot example: "Rassilon is a fictional character in the British television series `` Doctor Who '' ." == "Rassilon is a fictional character in the British science fiction television series `` Doctor Who '' ."

These shifts are angles in a right triangle , with 2 AU making the short leg of the triangle and the distance to the star being the long leg .


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Question: Many slide rules have S , T , and ST scales marked with degrees and minutes ( e.g. some Keuffel and Esser models , late-model Teledyne-Post Mannheim-type rules ) .

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Given At the Winter Olympic Games , Norway has won 303 medals ., a positive would be At the Winter Olympic Games , Norway has won 329 medals ( 118 gold ) - more than any other nation - with cross-country skiing and speed skating as the top sports .

Many slide rules have S , T , and ST scales marked with degrees and minutes .

Tangents are found by comparing the T scale with C or , for angles greater than 45 degrees , CI .


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Question: William Oughtred and others developed the slide rule in the 17th century based on the emerging work on logarithms by John Napier .

William Oughtred and others developed the slide rule in the 1600s .

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His other well-known achievements include the discovery of precession , the compilation of the first comprehensive star catalog of the western world , and possibly the invention of the astrolabe . He might also have invented the armillary sphere which first appeared during his century and was used by him during the creation of much of the star catalogue .


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Question: Slide rules manufactured for specialized fields such as aviation or finance typically feature additional scales that aid in calculations common to that field .

Some slide rules have been made for specialised fields of application , for example aviation or finance .

Fundamental studies of the discipline are the sciences of physics and mathematics as these help to get both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of how such systems will work .


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Question: Before the advent of the pocket calculator , it was the most commonly used calculation tool in science and engineering .

Before electronic calculators were developed , slide rules were the tool used most often in science and engineering .

The term is rather out of date , though still fairly common in physical geography literature .


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Question: Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural systems in physics ( computational physics ) , astrophysics , chemistry and biology , human systems in economics , psychology , social science , and engineering .

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They are used in many ways including in astronomy , economics and sciences such as physics and biology .

It overlaps with many other chemistry areas of both theoretical and practical importance like nuclear engineering , electrochemical technology , geochemistry , sensors and instrumentation .


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Question: Passive sub-irrigation , also known as passive hydroponics or semi-hydroponics , is a method wherein plants are grown in an inert porous medium that transports water and fertilizer to the roots by capillary action from a separate reservoir as necessary , reducing labor and providing a constant supply of water to the roots .

This method is also known as passive hydroponics or semi-hydroponics .

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When the land is irrigated , the salt would mix with the aquifers and would reduce access to drinking water .


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Question: This research , however , overlooked the fact that hydroponics has other advantages including the fact that the roots of the plant have constant access to oxygen and that the plants have access to as much or as little water as they need .

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The roots of the plant hang in the air and the advantage of this system is that the roots have good access to oxygen .

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E.g. In music , a whole tone scale is a scale in which each note is separated from the next one by the interval of a whole tone . == In music , a whole tone scale is a scale in which each note is separated from its neighbors by the interval of a whole step .

These creatures can grow to larger sizes because there is more available energy and better water coverage : The water is shallow enough to allow more light for photosynthetic activity , and the salinity is at almost normal levels .


Question: When it opened , it had the steepest drop of any wooden roller coaster in the world at 76 degrees , until the record was broken by T Express in 2008 by one degree .

It has the steepest drop of any wooden roller coaster in the world , at 76 degrees .

Millennium Force is a steel giga roller coaster built by Intamin at Cedar Point in Sandusky , Ohio , United States .


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Question: El Toro , a Spanish term meaning The Bull , is a wooden roller coaster at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson , New Jersey .

El Toro ( The Bull ) is a wooden roller coaster at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson , New Jersey , United States .

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Question: El Toro is very different from a traditional wooden roller coaster because it uses prefabricated wooden track .

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El Toro is quite different than most other wooden roller coasters because it is made out prefabricated track , which means that the pieces of track were cut in a factory and do not need to be cut by hand .

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The Euthanasia Coaster is a proposed steel roller coaster that is designed to kill its passengers .


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Question: The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States .

The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement in the United States in the early and mid 1800s .

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The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the middle of the 18th century .


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Question: Both intelligent patrons of literature and art , Anna Amalia and Charles Augustus attracted to their court the leading German scholars , including Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Friedrich Schiller and Johann Gottfried Herder , and made their residence Weimar an important cultural center in an era referred to as Weimar Classicism .

Both intelligent patrons of literature and art , Anna Amalia and Charles Augustus attracted to their court the leading scholars in Germany , including Goethe , Schiller and Herder , and made Weimar an important cultural center .

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In 1843 , he joined a literary club called Tunnel über der Spree ( i.e. Tunnel over the river Spree ) in Berlin where he came into contact with many of the most important German writers such as Theodor Storm , Joseph von Eichendorff and Gottfried Keller .


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Question: His son Ernest Augustus II , who succeeded him in 1748 , died in 1758 , whereafter Empress Maria Theresa appointed his young widow , Duchess Anna Amalia , regent of the country and guardian of her infant son , Charles Augustus .

Ernest Augustus II , who succeeded in 1748 , died in 1758 , and his young widow , Anna Amalia , became regent for her infant son , Charles Augustus .

The marriage was the result of the Treaty of Ryswick , one of its conditions being that the Duchy of Lorraine , which had been for many years in the possession of France , be restored to Leopold , a son of Charles V , Duke of Lorraine .


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Question: The regency of energetic Anna Amalia and the reign of Charles Augustus , who was raised by the writer Christoph Martin Wieland , formed a high point in the history of Saxe-Weimar .

The regency of Anna Amalia and the reign of Charles Augustus were important in the history of Saxe-Weimar .

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The last Prince-Archbishop , Hieronymus of Colloredo , is probably the most well known for his patronage of Mozart .


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Question: In 1809 Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach , which had been united only in the person of the duke , were formally merged into the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach .

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In 1809 Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach , which had been separate duchies with the same duke became one country as the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach .

It was a royal residence for a short time only , when Frederick , Prince of Wales , father of King George III of the United Kingdom , lived there 1737-1741 , after his marriage in 1736 to Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha , daughter of Frederick II , Duke of Saxe-Gotha .


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Question: However , at the same time he joined Prussia in the War of the Fourth Coalition against the French Empire , and after the defeat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt was forced to accede the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 .

After France won the Battle of Jena , Saxe Weimar was forced to join the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 .

Napoleon 's son Napoleon François Charles Joseph ( 1811-1832 ) was created king of Rome ( 1811-1814 ) and was later styled Napoleon II by loyalists of the dynasty , though he only ruled for two weeks after his father 's abdication .


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Question: Other important influences on the war novel included the tragedies of such dramatists as Euripides , Seneca the Younger , Christopher Marlowe , and Shakespeare .

Euripides , Seneca the Younger , Christopher Marlowe , and William Shakespeare wrote plays that are important influences on war novels .

She is spoken about in some early Greek plays , such as `` Prometheus Bound '' by Aeschylus , `` Iphigenia at Aulis '' by Euripides , and `` Oedipus Rex '' by Sophocles .


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Question: An example of one such work is Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen 's Simplicius Simplicissimus , a semi-autobiographical account of the Thirty Years ' War .

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One example is Simplicissimus by Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen .

Arnold Zweig described Lenz , Büchner 's only work of prose , as the `` beginning of modern European prose '' .


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Question: It is sometimes referred to as military fiction .

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It is sometimes called military fiction .

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Example:
Provided: "It has been running each year since about 1968 ." Match: "It has been running each year since 1968 ."

It was and sometimes still is used for a number of places in the Pacific Ocean : References .


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Question: The war novel 's main roots lie in the epic poetry of the classical and medieval periods , especially Homer 's The Iliad , Virgil 's The Aeneid , the Old English saga Beowulf , and different versions of the legends of King Arthur .

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Some of the most famous epic poems are The Iliad by Homer , The Aeneid by Virgil , the Old English saga Beowulf , and the legends of King Arthur .

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She is best known from the story about her in the Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil .


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Question: Since 19 March 1803 , Rheinfelden has been the capital of a district of the same name , in the canton of Aargau .

Since 19 March 1803 , Rheinfelden has been the capital of the district of the same name , in the canton of Aargau .

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Mumpf is a municipality of the district Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .


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Question: Bernhard brought them weapons , but in the second passage on 3 March they were heavily defeated , as he and his men unexpectedly re-appeared on the battlefield , with Savelli and Werth falling into captivity .

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Bernhard brought them weapons , but in the second passage on 3 March they were defeated , as he and his men unexpectedly re-appeared on the battlefield , with Savelli and Werth falling into captivity .

In the street fighting the German troops blocked the battalion . The other Dutch units then halted their advance around noon .


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Examples:
'Additionally , electric motors in other products ( such as the main motor in a washing machine ) are described as traction motors .' == 'This is called a `` nose-suspended traction motor '' .' != 'They operate more smoothly , quietly , and reliably than other types of compressors .'

Question: In 1745 , during the War of the Austrian Succession , the French made a fortress on the same ground and also blasted a portion of the city wall .

In 1745 , during the War of the Austrian Succession , the French made a fortress on the same ground and also ruined part of the city wall .

The tower is at the south side of the place , where the land walls of the city join the sea walls .


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The query could be 'Then they returned home and rested , because Shabbat had begun at sunset ( ) .' and should be close to 'Then they went back home and rested , because at sunset began Shabbat ( ) .' but very far from 'A soldier pierced the side of Jesus , causing blood and water to flow out ( ) . At this , the centurion told Pilate that Jesus was dead ( ) .'

Question: Between 1633 and 1638 the Thirty Years ' War reached Fricktal , where Rheinfelden played an important role .

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Between 1633 and 1638 , the Thirty Years ' War reached Fricktal , where Rheinfelden played a big role .

Apart from its artistic value the Marienaltar has also great importance for local history : It retained the town church in the Thirty Year 's War of being burned down .


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Question: On 17 July 1796 Rheinfelden was again occupied and looted by the French .

On 17 July 1796 , Rheinfelden was again occupied and looted by the French .

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On March 22 , 1798 Aarau was declared the capital of the Helvetic Republic .


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Question: As a result of the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797 , the Fricktal became a French protectorate , forming the front line between the French Revolutionary and the Austrian troops in the War of the Second Coalition .

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Fewshot example: "She also needs the experience for her NYADA application ." == "Rachel proposes that McKinley do West Side Story as the school musical , since she believes herself to be a shoo-in for the lead role , Maria , and she needs the experience for her NYADA application ."

Because of the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797 , the Fricktal became a protectorate of the French , making the front line between the French Revolutionary and the Austrian troops in the War of the Second Coalition .

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Austria , and the southern states of Bavaria , Württemberg , Baden and the southern parts of the Grand Duchy of Hesse were not in the Confederation .


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Question: With the beginning of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ( the German Mediatisation ) , Napoleon Bonaparte dissolved the canton of Fricktal .

With the beginning of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ( the German Mediatisation ) , Napoleon Bonaparte removed the canton of Fricktal .

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On February 1 , 1724 Ibbenbüren attained municipal rights , which stood among other things in connection with the introduction excise duty .


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Question: Towards the end of the 4th century a border fort was constructed at the western settlement .

Towards the end of the 4th century , a fort was built at the western settlement .

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Provided: "In his second career game , his team lost 30 -- 23 to the defending Super Bowl champion Green Bay Packers . Newton broke his own record , set the weekend previously , with 432 yards passing , throwing and rushing for a touchdown ." Match: "In his second career game , a 30 -- 23 home loss to the defending Super Bowl champion Green Bay Packers , Newton broke his own record , set the weekend previously , with 432 yards passing , throwing and rushing for a touchdown ."

Frankish soldiers secured this strategic point by a barrack yard at first .


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Question: In the year 45 BC , a few kilometres further west , the settlement Augusta Raurica was founded , the first Roman town in Switzerland , near modern Kaiseraugst .

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In the year 45 BC , a few kilometers west , the village Augusta Raurica was made , the first Roman town in Switzerland , near modern Kaiseraugst .

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Schaffhausen was a city state in the Middle Ages , documented to have struck its own coins starting in 1045 .


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Question: The Protestants lost this encounter and moved on .

The Protestants lost this battle and moved on .

This second attempt was successful , and James escaped to France .


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Question: The name means the fields of the Rhine , as the town is located on the Hochrhein .

The name means the fields of the Rhine , as the town is on the Hochrhein .

Bergstraße ( `` Mountain Road '' ) is the name of a mountain route , and the area around it , which stretches across the western edge of the Odenwald in southern Hesse and northern Baden-Württemberg , Germany .


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Question: On 20 February 1802 Rheinfelden was made a district capital of the newly created Canton of Fricktal , ( Principality of Frickgau ) , joining the Helvetic Republic in August , the point at which the city became decisively Swiss .

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On 20 February 1802 , Rheinfelden was made the capital city of the new Canton of Fricktal , joining the Helvetic Republic in August , the point at which the city became mostly Swiss .

When after World War I the Saar area went under special government of the League of Nations , the Palatinate area , then part of Bavaria , was split in two parts .


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Question: On 28 February the Battle of Rheinfelden began , as the city was attacked by numerically-superior Imperial and Bavarian troops under the command of Johann von Werth and Federico Savelli .

On 28 February , the Battle of Rheinfelden began , as the city was attacked by the bigger Imperial and Bavarian troops sent by Johann von Werth and Federigo Savelli .

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In the Swabian War and the 30 Years ' War after the siege of Constance by Swedish troops , Kreuzlingen Abbey was burned down by the people of Constance . The crime was blamed on the monks for having supported the enemy .


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Question: The area around Rheinfelden was already settled in the Middle Stone Age , around 10,000 years before the present day .

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The area around Rheinfelden was already settled about 10,000 years ago .

Found in 2003 it has been dated to approximately 18,000 years old .


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Question: On 5 February 1638 , the city was besieged by Protestant troops under the command of Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar .

On 5 February 1638 , the city was put under attack by Protestant troops sent by Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar .

Prince Frederick Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , Duke in Saxony ( December 26 , 1737-February 26 , 1815 ) , was a famous general of the Habsburg Emperors .


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Question: On 15 July 1633 , Swedish and French troops devastated the city .

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On 15 July 1633 , Swedish and French troops ruined the city .

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From 1641 to 1647 , he was the leader in the fight against the Irish Catholic Confederation .


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Question: During the Rappenkrieg , a peasant uprising that lasted from 1612 until 1614 , the city was unsuccessfully besieged but devastated .

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During the Rappenkrieg ( a peasant uprising that lasted from 1612 until 1614 ) , the city was ruined .

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As a border village Kápolnásnyék suffered from double taxation during the Turkish occupation ( both Hungary and the Turkish Empire collected taxes ) . Therefore the population of the village decreased considerably and it even became uninhabited during the Turkish campaign of 1543 .


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Question: In 1678 , French troops under the command of François de Créquy fired at the city .

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In 1678 , French troops sent by François de Créquy fired at the city .

However , two of the four battalions could not recapture the suburbs of Dordrecht . When the other two battalions approached the main road , they were met by a few dozen German tanks .


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Question: The entire old town of Rheinfelden is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites .

The old town of Rheinfelden is on the Rhine river .

The center of the city is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Trust site because of its many historical buildings .


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Question: The Rhine is navigable by ship from Rheinfelden all the way to the North Sea .

The Rhine can be traveled down by ship from Rheinfelden all the way to the North Sea .

There are three artificial waterways built on the Danube : the Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal ( DTD ) in the Banat and Bačka regions ( Vojvodina , in the northern province of Serbia ) ; the 64 km Danube-Black Sea Canal , between Cernavodă and Constanţa ( Romania ) finished in 1984 , shortens the distance to the Black Sea by 400 km ; the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal ( about 171 km ) , finished in 1992 , linking the North Sea to the Black Sea .


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Question: The collective language codes in ISO 639-2 are listed below .

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The list below shows all the codes in ISO 639-2 .

User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries , territories or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1 , and the ISO 3166\/MA will never use them in the updating process of the standard .


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Question: While most languages are given one code by the standard , twenty of the languages described have two three-letter codes , a `` bibliographic '' code ( ISO 639-2 \ / B ) , which is derived from the English name for the language and was a necessary legacy feature , and a `` terminological '' code ( ISO 639-2 \ / T ) , which is derived from the native name for the language .

Where two ISO 639-2 codes are given in the table , the one with the asterisk is the bibliographic code ( B code ) and the other is the terminological code ( T code ) .

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The following alpha-3 codes are subject to an exceptional reservation : The following three codes were also under exceptional reservation , until the update from 2006-03-29 included them in the standard : The following alpha-3 codes are subject to a transitional reservation : The following alpha-3 codes are subject to an indeterminate reservation , having been notified to the United Nations Secretary-General under the 1949 and\/or 1968 Road Traffic Conventions : The following code has been reassigned : For the time being , ISO 3166\/MA has agreed not to use the following codes , taken from ISO\/IEC 7501-1 ( machine readable travel documents ) , as alpha-3 country codes :


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Question: The three-letter codes given for each language in this part of the standard are referred to as `` Alpha-3 '' codes .

NUTS , in some ways are similar to the ISO 3166-2 standard , as well as the FIPS standard of the United States .


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Question: The US Library of Congress is the registration authority for ISO 639-2 ( referred to as ISO 639-2 \ / RA ) .

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Below is a complete list of the current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes , with country names being English short country names officially used by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency ( ISO 3166\/MA ) : The following alpha-3 codes can be user-assigned : from AAA to AAZ , from QMA to QZZ , from XAA to XZZ , and from ZZA to ZZZ .


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Question: The following two codes are identified as collective codes in ISO 639-2 but are ( at present ) missing from ISO 639-5 : Codes registered for 639-2 that are listed as collective codes in ISO 639-5 ( and collective codes by name in ISO 639-2 ) : Special codes in ISO 639-2 :

ISO 639 is a set of international standards that lists short codes for language names .


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Question: Glen Travis Campbell ( born April 22 , 1936 ) is an American country music singer , guitarist , television host and occasional actor .

Glen Campbell ( born April 22 , 1936 ) is an American musician , singer and actor .

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Don Louis Agrati ( June 8 , 1944 -- June 27 , 2012 ) , better known as Don Grady , was an American television , and movie actor , composer , and musician .


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Question: On The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour , Campbell avoided political topics .

Campbell guest-starred on The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour , and later hosted a series of his own , The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour .

Connors was guest on Late Night with Conan O'Brien in 2004 when the show had taped a week 's - worth of episodes . He performed a rendition of `` The Hockey Song '' along with the Toronto audience .


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Question: Tegan Jovanka is a fictional character played by Janet Fielding in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who .

Tegan Jovanka is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who .

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Harry Sullivan is a fictional character from the British science-fiction television series Doctor Who .


Question: En route to Heathrow Airport to start her new job as a stewardess with Air Australia , her aunt Vanessa 's vehicle ( in which she is riding ) suffers a flat tyre .

On her way to Heathrow Airport to start her new job with Air Australia , her car suffers a flat tyre .

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Mickey suffered a broken left arm , cuts , and bruises . His wife Eleanor , who was a passenger in Mickey 's car , died in the accident .


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Question: She is present when the Fourth Doctor falls from the Pharos Project radio telescope and regenerates into his fifth incarnation , and continues to journey with the Doctor and his other companions .

She is present when the Fourth Doctor falls from the Pharos Project radio telescope and regenerates into his fifth incarnation , and continues to travel with the doctor Eventually , the chaos during the events of Resurrection of the Daleks prove too much and she chooses to leave the Doctor and Turlough and stay in 1984 London .

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At the conclusion of this story he chooses to return to London by train rather than by TARDIS with the Doctor and Sarah-Jane , who continue their adventures without him .


Question: An Australian airline stewardess and a native of Brisbane who was a companion of the Fourth and Fifth Doctors , she was a regular in the program from 1981 to 1984 .

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Tegan Jovanka was an Australian airline stewardess who was a companion of the Fourth and Fifth Doctors , she was a regular in the program from 1981 to 1984 .

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Harry Sullivan was played by Ian Marter , the character appears as a regular during the programme 's twelfth season in 1974 -- 1975 .


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Question: Tegan enters a roadside police box to seek help , not knowing that it is actually the Doctor 's disguised TARDIS .

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She enters a roadside police box to seek help , but she enters and does not realize that it is the Doctor 's Tardis .

In `` The Sound of Drums '' ( 2007 ) , a flashback shows the Master at the age of eight , when as part of a Time Lord initiation ceremony he is taken before a gap in the fabric of space and time known as the Untempered Schism , from which one can see into the entire Vortex .


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Question: Leh is followed by Kargil as the largest town in Ladakh .

Leh is followed by Kargil as the second largest town in Ladakh .

Muzaffarabad and Pattan are among the wettest areas of Pakistan .


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Question: Almost half of Ladakhis are Tibetan Buddhists and the rest are mostly Shia Muslims .

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A majority of Ladakhis are Tibetan Buddhists and the rest are mostly Shia Muslims .

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Bhutias are another group tribes who are the followers of Buddhism also have their own identity & culture .


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Question: Some Ladakhi activists have in recent times called for Ladakh to be constituted as a union territory because of perceived unfair treatment by Kashmir and Ladakh 's cultural differences with predominantly Muslim Kashmir .

Some Ladakhi activists have in recent times called for Ladakh to be made into a union territory because of its religious and cultural differences with Kashmir , which is mostly Muslim .

However , the Government of India maintains the fence has decreased armed infiltration into Indian-administered Kashmir .


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Question: The entire state of Jammu and Kashmir continues to be the subject of a territorial dispute between India , Pakistan and China .

It is part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir .

These events included the independence of African countries from colonial rule , the expulsion of Asians from Uganda , the independence of Central Asian countries such as Tajikistan from the former Soviet Union and the continuous turmoil in Afghanistan and Pakistan .


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Question: After the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 , the stretch of the Indus flowing through Ladakh is the only part of this river , which is greatly venerated in the Hindu religion and culture , that still flows through India .

The stretch of the Indus flowing through Ladakh is the only part of this river in India .

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The eastern part ( in Asia ) extended to the Pacific Ocean to the east and Afghanistan to the south , and was much less lived in than the western part .


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Question: Most major historical and current towns - Shey , Leh , Basgo and Tingmosgang ( but not Kargil ) , are situated close to the Indus River .

Most major historical and current towns ( Shey , Leh , Basgo and Tingmosgang ) are located close to the Indus River .

Although not highly or densely populated , Yasin was of strategic importance because it leads to a high mountain pass , to Yarkhun in Chitral , and then to Broghol Pass , the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan , and into Tajikistan .


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Question: Ladakh `` land of high passes '' is a region of India in the state of Jammu and Kashmir that lies between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Great Himalayas to the south , inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent .

It is located between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Himalayas to the south .

Chitral District is the most northerly district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province , to the west and north is Afghanistan - in the north the Wakhan Corridor , a narrow strip claimed by Pakistan , it separates Pakistan from Central Asian Union .


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Question: The first recipient , in 1966 , was Alan Perlis , of Carnegie Mellon University .

The first Turing Award was given in 1966 to Alan Perlis , a teacher at Carnegie Mellon University .

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John S. Waugh John Stewart Waugh ( April 25 , 1929 -- August 22 , 2014 ) was an American chemist and educator . He was an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) .


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Question: The Turing Award is recognized as the `` highest distinction in Computer science '' and `` Nobel Prize of computing '' .

The Turing Award is kind of like a Nobel Prize , but it is given only to people in computer science .

In 2005 , he got the George Arents Pioneer Medal -- Syracuse 's highest alumni award -- `` for excellence in public affairs . ''


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Question: Entre a Mi Mundo ( English : Enter My World ) is the third studio album by American Tejano pop singer Selena .

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Entre A Mi Mundo ( English : Enter My World ) , was the fourth studio album by Mexican-American Tejano pop singer , Selena .

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Limón y Sal ( `` Lemon and Salt '' ) is the fourth studio album released by Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas .


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Question: Entre a Mi Mundo won the prestigious `` Album of the Year - Orchestra '' award at the 1993 Tejano Music Awards and `` Regional\/Mexican Album of the Year '' at the 1993 Lo Nuestro Awards .

The album won several awards at the Tejano Music Awards and Premio Lo Nuestro Awards .

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The video won the 2002 Latin Grammy Award for `` Best Short Form Music Video '' .


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Question: `` Como La Flor '' , which is a Mexican cumbia song , had became Selena 's signature song , and one of her best well-known songs .

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Songs like `` Como La Flor '' and `` La Carcacha '' became Selena 's signature songs and helped her crossover to tour in Mexico .

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The band 's fourth studio album , `` Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends '' ( 2008 ) , was produced by Brian Eno and released again to largely favourable reviews , earning several Grammy nominations and wins .


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Question: It is the first novel in the Warriors series .

Into the Wild is the first book in the Warriors series .

Mother is the first title in the EarthBound series .


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Question: The first volume , Into the Wild , was written by Kate Cary under the pseudonym Erin Hunter , and completed in about three months .

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Earthfall ( 1995 ) is the fourth book of the Homecoming Saga . It was written by Orson Scott Card in 1995 .


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Question: Brüning 's first official act was to introduce a budget calling for steep spending cuts and steep tax increases .

Brüning 's first act was to introduce a budget calling for steep spending cuts and sharp tax increases .

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The pursuit of ` fiscal rectitude ' in order to reduce a high national debt needed a firm control of public spending and Labour found this hard to accept .


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Question: Largely because of his status as Germany 's greatest war hero , Hindenburg won the election in the second round of voting held on 26 April 1925 .

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Because he was Germany 's greatest war hero , Hindenburg won the election in the second round of voting held on 26 April 1925 .

However , the CLP was defeated by Labor at its first election , less than a year later in 1910 .


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Question: Hindenburg retired again in 1919 , but returned to public life in 1925 to be elected as the second President of Germany .

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Hindenburg retired again in 1919 , but returned to public life one more time in 1925 to be elected as the second President of Germany .

Kellner was loyal to the Kaiser 's regime , but still he welcomed the birth of the German democracy after the war .


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Question: Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz , one of the leaders of the DNVP , visited Hindenburg and urged him to run .

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After the first round Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz , one of the leaders of the DNVP , visited Hindenburg and asked him to run .

Hermann Ehrhardt , who started the Marinebrigade Ehrhardt , and his deputy Commander , Eberhard Kautter , did not want to help Hitler and Erich von Ludendorff in the Beer Hall Putsch .


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Question: These advisers included his son , Oskar , Otto Meißner , General Wilhelm Groener , and General Kurt von Schleicher .

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He advisers included his son , Oskar , his old army aide General Wilhelm Groener , and General Kurt von Schleicher .

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On 31 May 1932 , Hindenburg sacked Brüning as Chancellor and replaced him with Schleicher 's suggestion , Franz von Papen .


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Question: The famed zeppelin Hindenburg that was destroyed by fire in 1937 was named in his honor , as was the Hindenburgdamm , a causeway joining the island of Sylt to mainland Schleswig-Holstein that was built during his time in office .

The famous zeppelin Hindenburg that was destroyed by fire in 1937 had been named in his honor , as is the causeway joining the island of Sylt to mainland Schleswig-Holstein , the Hindenburgdamm , built during his time in office .

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In this position , he was not only responsible for reshaping the city of Berlin into a representative capital for Prussia , but also had to work projects in the expanded Prussian territories from the Rhineland in the west to Königsberg in the east .


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Question: He was aided by the support of the Bavarian People 's Party ( BVP ) , which switched from supporting Marx , and the refusal of the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) to withdraw its candidate , Ernst Thälmann ( if either had supported Marx he would have won ) .

He was helped when the Bavarian People 's Party ( BVP ) , switched its support from Marx , the SPD candidate and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) to did not withdraw its candidate , Ernst Thälmann .

Gotha has played an important role in the Germany 's workers ' movement : the German socialist party ( SPD ) was founded in Gotha in 1875 , when the Social Democratic Workers ' Party , led by August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht , and the General German Workers ' Association , founded by Ferdinand Lassalle joined together .


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Question: When the Reichstag voted to repeal the budget , Brüning had Hindenburg dissolve the Reichstag , just two years into its mandate , and reapprove the budget through the Article 48 mechanism .

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When the Reichstag voted to cancel the budget , Brüning had Hindenburg dissolve Reichstag only two years into its mandate , and had the budget passed again by Article 48 .


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Question: Hindenburg died the following year , after which Hitler declared the office of President vacant and , as `` Führer und Reichskanzler '' , made himself head of state .

Hindenburg died the next year , after which Hitler declared the office of President vacant and made himself Head of State .

All officers and soldiers of the German armed forces had to swear a personal oath of loyalty to the `` Führer '' , as Adolf Hitler now was called .


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Question: After the 1930 elections , Brüning continued to govern largely through Article 48 ; his government was kept afloat by the support of the Social Democrats who voted not to cancel his Article 48 bills in order not to have another election that could only benefit the Nazis and the Communists .

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Brüning ruled through Article 48 ; the Social Democrats never voted not to cancel his Article 48 bills in order not to have another election that could only benefit the Nazis and the Communists .

Hitler also wanted to forestall any move by leaders of the Reichswehr , the German military , who both feared and despised the SA , to curtail his rule , especially since Röhm made no secret of his ambition to absorb the Reichswehr with himself at its head .


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Question: The Communist Party of Germany also made striking gains , albeit not so great .

The Communist Party of Germany also made gains .

Most historians agree that the result was not fixed , but the voting process was neither free nor secret .


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Question: The `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' referred to the three articles of the Constitution that could make a `` Presidential government '' possible : Schleicher 's idea was to have Hindenburg appoint a man of Schleicher 's choosing as chancellor , who would rule under the provisions of Article 48 .

The `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' was the three articles of the Constitution that could make a `` Presidential government '' possible : Schleicher 's wanted to have Hindenburg appoint a chancellor that Schleicher chose .

Brüning ruled through Article 48 ; the Social Democrats never voted not to cancel his Article 48 bills in order not to have another election that could only benefit the Nazis and the Communists .


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Question: Though 84 years old and in poor health , Hindenburg was persuaded to run for reelection in 1932 , as he was considered the only candidate who could defeat Hitler .

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He was 84 years old and in poor health , but had to run for re-election in 1932 as the only candidate who could defeat Adolf Hitler .

After the presidential elections had ended , Schleicher held a series of secret meetings with Hitler in May 1932 , and thought that Hitler had agreed to support the new `` presidential government '' Schleicher was building .


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Question: It was he who came up with the idea of Presidential government based on the so-called `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' .

Schleicher came up with the idea of Presidential government , and the `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' .

represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence.

For example, Connecticut is bordered on the south by Long Island Sound , on the west by New York State , on the north by Massachusetts , and on the east by Rhode Island . should be similar to Connecticut is bordered on the south by Long Island Sound , on the west by New York , on the north by Massachusetts , and on the east by Rhode Island .

Before October 1988 , divisional system was abolished by the reforms of 2000 the third tier of government .


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Question: Though Hindenburg ran during the second round of the elections as a non-party independent , he was generally regarded as the conservative candidate .

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Hindenburg eventually agreed to run in the second round of the elections as a non-party independent , although he was a conservative .

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Given This became known as the Truman Doctrine ., a positive would be In March 1947 , President Truman appeared before Congress and used Kennan 's Containment policy as the basis for what became known as the Truman Doctrine .


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Question: In 1925 , Hindenburg was nominated to run for President of Germany despite the fact that he had no interest in running for public office , but accepted the nomination anyway .

In 1925 , Hindenburg had no interest in running for public office .


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Question: The first attempt to establish a `` presidential government '' had occurred in 1926-1927 , but floundered for lack of political support .

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The first try at `` presidential government '' in 1926-1927 failed for lack of political support .

The Soviet Union refused to acknowledge him as secretary general in his second term , and after having been accused by Joseph McCarthy of hiring `` disloyal '' Americans ( an allegation which he attributed to the rapid hiring of civil servants necessary after the creation of the organization ) , Lie resigned on November 10 , 1952 .


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Question: Hindenburg enjoyed a long career in the Prussian Army , retiring in 1911 .

Hindenburg retired from the army in 1911 .

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Streicher won the Iron Cross and was a lieutenant by the time the Armistice was signed in 1918 .


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Question: During the winter of 1929-1930 , however , Schleicher had more success .

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Examples:
Provided: "Some famous Hoysala kings were Vishnuvardhana , Veera Ballala II and Veera Ballala III ." Match: "Thus the Hoysalas began as subordinates of the Western Chalukyas and gradually established their own empire in Karnataka with such strong Hoysala kings as Vishnuvardhana , Veera Ballala II and later Veera Ballala III ."

During the winter of 1929-1930 , Schleicher had a series of secret meetings with Heinrich Brüning , the leader of the Catholic Center Party ( Zentrum ) .

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In February 1945 , more attacks followed .


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Question: If the Reichstag should threaten to annul any laws so passed , Hindenburg could counter with the threat of dissolution .

If the Reichstag should threaten to cancel any of those laws , Hindenburg could threaten a dissolution , and call new elections .

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In early February 1933 , von Papen had an Article 48 bill signed into law that limited the freedom of press .


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E.g. given '`` The Days of the Turbins '' .' it should be close to '`` The Day of the Turbins '' .' but not to '`` Memoirs '' .'.

Question: When the budget was defeated in July 1930 , Brüning arranged for Hindenburg to sign the budget into law by invoking Article 48 .

When the budget was defeated in July , Brüning had Hindenburg sign the budget as an emergency law under Article 48 .

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Kellner was loyal to the Kaiser 's regime , but still he welcomed the birth of the German democracy after the war .


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The provided query could be 'A new Head Office was built at Trinity Road , Halifax in 1973 .' and the positive 'In 1973 the Halifax built its headquarters on Trinity Road in Halifax .' and the negative 'A commuter terminal was built in 1970 .'

Question: Although often referred to as the Ersatzkaiser ( substitute Emperor ) , Hindenburg made no effort to restore the monarchy and took his oath to the Weimar Constitution seriously .

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He liked the monarchy , but took his oath to the Weimar Constitution seriously .


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Question: Schleicher maneuvered to exacerbate a bitter dispute within the `` Grand Coalition '' government of the Social Democrats and the German People 's Party over whether the unemployment insurance rate should be raised by a half percentage point or a full percentage point .

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Schleicher then set about splitting the `` Grand Coalition '' government of the Social Democrats and the German People 's Party .

It would be the highest rise in tobacco taxes in Germany for more than 25 years after the collapse of the Nazi regime .


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Question: In February , he issued the Reichstag Fire Decree , which suspended various civil liberties , and in March he signed the Enabling Act , which gave Hitler 's administration legislative powers .

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In March he signed the Enabling Act of 1933 which gave special powers to Hitler 's government .

Hindenburg died the next year , after which Hitler declared the office of President vacant and made himself Head of State .


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Question: Luria was born Salvatore Edoardo Luria , in Turin , Italy to an influential Italian Sephardic Jewish family .

Luria was born Salvatore Edoardo Luria in Turin , Italy to an influential Italian Sephardic Jewish family .

Gide was born in Paris into a middle class Protestant family .


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Question: Here , he was introduced to Max Delbrück 's theories on the gene as a molecule and began to formulate methods for testing genetic theory with the bacteriophages , viruses that infect bacteria .

In Rome , he was introduced to Max Delbrück 's theories on the gene as a molecule and began to formulate methods for testing genetic theory with bacteriophages , which are viruses that infect bacteria .

This was the culmination of research in the 1930s and early 1940s at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research to purify and characterize the `` transforming principle '' responsible for the phenomenon first described in Griffith 's experiment of 1928 .


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Question: With the help of physicist Enrico Fermi , whom he knew from his time at the University of Rome , Luria received a Rockefeller Foundation fellowship at Columbia University .

With the help of physicist Enrico Fermi , whom he knew from his time at the University of Rome , Luria received a fellowship at Columbia University .

He worked there until 1986 and during this time was a regular visitor to the California Institute of Technology , the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and the University of California , in Berkeley where he worked as a visiting professor .


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Question: From 1943 to 1950 , he worked at Indiana University .

From 1943 to 1950 , he worked at Indiana University , Bloomington .

From the late 1960s until the middle 1970s , Dixon ran his own record label , Yambo Records .


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Question: His famous experiment with Delbrück in 1943 , known as the Luria-Delbrück experiment , demonstrated statistically that inheritance in bacteria must follow Darwinian rather than Lamarckian principles and that mutant bacteria occurring randomly can still bestow viral resistance without the virus being present .

His famous experiment with Delbrück in 1943 , known as the Luria-Delbrück experiment , demonstrated that inheritance in bacteria follows Darwinian rather than Lamarckian principles and that mutant genes occurring randomly can still give viral resistance without the virus being present .

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Conservation of a sequence happens when mutations in a highly conserved region lead to non-viable life forms , that is , a form which is eliminated through natural selection .


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Question: Salvador Edward Luria ( August 13 , 1912 - February 6 , 1991 ) was an Italian microbiologist naturalized American .

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Salvador Edward Luria ( Turin , Italy , August 13 , 1912 - Lexington , Massachusetts , February 6 , 1991 ) was an Italian microbiologist .

Edward Adlebert Doisy ( November 13 , 1892 - October 23 , 1986 ) was an American biochemist .


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Question: He attended the medical school at the University of Turin studying with Giuseppe Levi .

He attended the medical school at the University of Turin .

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Seipenbusch was a founding member of his party . He studied physics at the University of Münster .


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Question: He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1969 , with Max Delbrück and Alfred Hershey , for their discoveries on the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses .

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He won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his pioneering work with Max Delbrück and Alfred Hershey on phages in molecular biology .

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RNA polymerase ( RNAP ) is the enzyme which does transcription.The 2006 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Roger D. Kornberg for creating detailed molecular images of RNA polymerase during various stages of the transcription process .


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Question: He discovered that a culture of E. coli was able to significantly reduce the production of phages grown in another strains .

While investigating how a culture of E. coli was able to stop the production of phages , Luria discovered that specific bacterial strains produce enzymes that cut DNA at certain sequences .

Tiny amounts of glutathione inhibited protein synthesis in reticulocytes ( immature red blood cells ) , and tiny amounts of RNA killed the synthesis altogether .


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Question: He was an original member of the Institut and a chevalier of the Legion of Honour .

He was made a chevalier of the Legion of Honour .

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Fewshot example: "He was also keyboard player ( mainly harpsichord ) in the privy chamber of the court of Prince Charles ( later King Charles I ) , and organist at Westminster Abbey ." == "He also held positions as keyboard player in the privy chamber of the court of Prince Charles ( later King Charles I ) , and organist at Westminster Abbey ."

Earlier , in the 1920s , he had also donated a substantial amount towards the restoration and rehabilitation of major buildings in France after World War I , such as the Rheims Cathedral , the Fontainebleau Palace and the Palace of Versailles , for which he was later ( 1936 ) awarded France 's highest decoration , the Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur ( subsequently also awarded decades later to his son , David Rockefeller ) .


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Question: He went to Paris in 1751 and was taken on by the composer Jean-Philippe Rameau .

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She became a student of the French ballet-master Louis Gallodier in 1786 , at the age of nine .


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Question: François-Joseph Gossec ( 17 January 1734 - 16 February 1829 ) was a French composer of operas , string quartets , symphonies , and choral works .

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François-Joseph Gossec ( born Vergnies , 17 January 1734 - 16 February , 1829 ) was a South Netherlands composer .

Rutland Boughton ( born Aylesbury , Buckinghamshire 23 January 1878 ; died London , 25 January , 1960 ) was an English composer . He was well known in the early 20th century as a composer of opera and choral music .


Question: represent the following sentence such that it is similar to a related wikipedia-style sentence. The query could be 'A stage race can also be a series of road races and individual time trials ( some events include team time trials ) .' and should be close to 'Some stage races include time trials or team time trials .' but very far from 'In rowing , time trial races , where the boats start every 10 to 20 seconds , are usually called `` head races . '''

Question: Cooper was a South African psychiatrist working in Britain .

South African psychiatrist David Cooper was the first to use the word `` anti-psychiatry '' .

His mother was Margaret Hodges Turrell . She studied medicine and worked in the Peace Corps .


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Question: Las Campanas Observatory ( LCO ) is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the Carnegie Institution for Science ( CIS ) .

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It is owned and operated by the Carnegie Institution for Science .

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To give you a sense - "His personal best time was 1:43.09 minutes . He got this in September 1999 in Brussels ." should be close to "His personal best time was 1:43.09 minutes , achieved in September 1999 in Brussels ."

Reedy Creek Observatory is an observatory for looking at Near-Earth objects . It is run by John Broughton , an Australian astronomer .


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Question: Besides this song , Ingram has sent six other songs into the country Top 40 : `` Love You , '' a cover version of Hinder 's `` Lips of an Angel , '' `` Measure of a Man , '' `` Maybe She 'll Get Lonely , '' `` That 's a Man '' and `` Barefoot and Crazy . ''

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Ingram has had six other songs on the country Top 40 : `` Love You , '' a cover version of Hinder 's `` Lips of an Angel , '' `` Measure of a Man , '' `` Maybe She 'll Get Lonely , '' `` That 's a Man '' and `` Barefoot and Crazy . ''

As a singer , he is most notable for the hits `` Lookin ' For a Love '' , `` That 's The Way I Feel About Cha '' , `` Woman 's Got ta Have It '' , `` Harry Hippie '' , `` Across 110th Street '' and `` You Think You 're Lonely Now '' .


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Question: A number one hit on the Billboard country charts , it was also his first release for Big Machine and that label 's first Number One hit .

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That song hit number on the Billboard country charts .

However , it was not until their 1995 album `` Life '' was released that an international reputation was secured .


Question: The IIBC lowered the price of the TOEIC Secure Program Test from 6,615 yen to 5,985 yen starting with the September 13 , 2009 test .

The IIBC lowered the price of the TOEIC Secure Program Test from 6,615 yen to 5,985 yen from September 13 , 2009 .

Applications had to be given on January 14 , 2005 .


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Question: The total score adds up to a scale from 10 to 990 points .

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The total score adds up to from 10 to 990 points .

Estimates of its total possible length have ranged from 28 m to 34 m.


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Question: The TOEIC Speaking Test takes approximately 20 minutes to complete ; the TOEIC writing test lasts approximately 60 minutes .

The TOEIC Speaking Test takes about 20 minutes .

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In February 2005 , an optional writing test was added to the ACT , like changes to the SAT that took place later in March of the same year .


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Question: A new version of the TOEIC Listening & Reading test was released in 2006 .

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The TOEIC Listening & Reading Test is a two-hour multiple-choice test .

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Given In telecommunications , dirty paper coding ( DPC ) is a good way to send digital data through a channel that is subject to some interference that is known to the sender ., a positive would be In telecommunications , dirty paper coding ( DPC ) is a technique for efficient transmission of digital data through a channel subjected to some interference known to the transmitter .

The most recent version is C # 5.0 , which was released in August 2012 .


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Question: Test takers receive separate scores for each of the two tests , or can take the Speaking test without taking the Writing test .

Test takers get separate scores for each of the two tests .

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The Test of English for International Communication ( TOEIC ) is meant to measure English skills in everyday workplace activities .


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Question: The Test of English for International Communication ( TOEIC ) is `` an English language test designed specifically to measure the everyday English skills of people working in an international environment . ''

The Test of English for International Communication ( TOEIC ) is meant to measure English skills in everyday workplace activities .

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Betty Schrampfer Azar is an expert on teaching and learning English grammar . She wrote the `` Azar Grammar Series '' for students of English as a second or foreign language .


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Question: The magazine article also questioned why Watanabe only showed up for work about one day a week .

Also , Watanabe only worked about one day a week .


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Question: The US-based Educational Testing Service ( ETS ) developed the TOEIC test to measure achievement in using English in a business setting .

The Educational Testing Service ( ETS ) writes and gives the test .

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Question: In May and June 2009 , articles in the Japanese weekly magazine FRIDAY accused the IIBC 's 92 year-old Chairman Yaeji Watanabe of nepotism when he appointed the son of his girlfriend to the position of Chairman of the IIBC Board of Directors .

The IIBC 's 92 year-old Chairman Yaeji Watanabe made his girlfriend 's son Chairman of the IIBC Board of Directors .

He was for many years , he served as the chairman ( commissioner ) of the Gothenburg Municipality Executive Board .


Question: Each candidate receives independent scores for listening and reading comprehension on a scale from 5 to 495 points .

Test takers get separate scores for listening and reading on from 5 to 495 points .

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PLM utilizes a semester-based modular system for conducting courses , adopts features of the American system ( credits ) , and employs the General Weighted Average ( GWA ) system and a 1.00 to 5.00 grading scale , with 1.00 being the highest possible grade for a particular undergraduate course .


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Question: In July 2010 , the Tokyo Tax Bureau announced that International Communications School , IIBC 's for-profit partner , hid 100 million yen in income and had to pay 30 million yen in back taxes and fines .

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ICS had to pay 30 million yen in taxes and fines .

Sompote was also required to pay THB 10,700,000 plus interest at the rate of 7.5 per cent a year starting from December 16 , 1997 , when the original law for ultraman 's right was filed .


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Question: The TOEIC certificate exists in five colors , corresponding to achieved results : The TOEIC Speaking & Writing Test was introduced in 2006 .

The TOEIC certificate comes in five colors based on the scores : ETS began to offer the TOEIC Speaking & Writing Test in 2006 .

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Test takers get separate scores for each of the two tests .


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Question: The Institute for International Business Communication ( IIBC ) , the non-profit organization that administers the TOEIC in Japan , was the subject of a scandal in 2009 .

The Institute for International Business Communication had a scandal in 2009 .

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Educational Testing Service ( ETS ) was founded in 1947 . It is the world 's largest private nonprofit educational testing and assessment organization .


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Question: The article also questioned the relationship between the IIBC and its for-profit partner International Communications School with which it shared office space .

IIBC has a for-profit partner company called International Communications School ( ICS ) .

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In addition to his duties as interim President , he serves on the Board of Directors of Lam Research Corporation .


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Question: In 2009 , Watanabe suddenly resigned from the IIBC , leaving the son of his girlfriend in charge of the non-profit .

Then , Watanabe suddenly quit the IIBC .

At this time , he held the third highest position in the FBI .


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Question: Each test has a score range between 0-200 , with test takers grouped into eight proficiency levels .

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Question: Along with Itzhak Perlman ( violin ) , Yo-Yo Ma ( cello ) , and Gabriela Montero ( piano ) , he recorded and performed `` Air and Simple Gifts , '' composed by John Williams , for the inauguration of United States President Barack Obama on January 20 , 2009 .

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Together with Itzhak Perlman ( violin ) , Yo-Yo Ma ( cello ) , and Gabriela Montero ( piano ) , he recorded and performed `` Air and Simple Gifts '' by John Williams , for Barack Obama 's inauguration ceremony on 20 January 2009 .

He was first known as a stage actor and appeared in plays such as `` Romeo and Juliet '' ( 1992 ) , `` Do n't Fool With Love '' ( 1993 ) , `` Peer Gynt '' ( 1994 ) , `` The Seagull '' ( 1995 ) , `` The Homecoming '' ( 1997 ) and `` Henry V '' ( 1997 ) .


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Question: McGill is originally from Chicago , Illinois , growing up in the city 's Chatham neighborhood .

Elkort was born in the New York City , New York borough of The Bronx . He grew up during the Great Depression .


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The query could be 'Many mammal groups managed to survive the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event , which wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs , allowing the mammals to diversify and dominate the Earth .' and should be close to 'Many mammal groups managed to survive the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event , which wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs , allowing the mammals to diversify and dominate the Earth .' but very far from 'It is thought to be bigger than the impactor that created Chicxulub crater in the Yucatán , which has been linked to the extinction of the dinosaurs .'

Question: He attended the Interlochen Arts Academy , the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and is an instructor at the Peabody Institute at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore , Maryland and the Mannes College of Music in New York City .

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He teaches at the Peabody Institute at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore , Maryland .

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Tyler went to the Congressional School of Virginia , Breakwater Elementary and Wayneflete schools ( in Portland , Maine ) before returning to New York City with her mother at the age of twelve .


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Examples:
'He was also named runner-up to John Tavares for the Red Tilson Trophy as league MVP .' == 'He won the Emms Family Award for the OHL rookie of the year on April 27 , 2007 and was also a runner-up for the Red Tilson Trophy as league MVP behind John Tavares .' != 'Patrick Roy ( Montreal ) wins Conn Smythe Trophy'

Question: Anthony McGill is the principal clarinetist for the Metropolitan Opera .

Anthony McGill is an American clarinetist .

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Hahn has played with orchestras such as the London Symphony Orchestra , New York Philharmonic , Singapore Symphony Orchestra , just to name a few .


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Question: Genes , Brain and Behavior ( also known as G2B ) is a peer-reviewed online-only scientific journal covering research in the fields of behavioral , neural , and psychiatric genetics .

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Examples:

"After he finished study , he founded the Bayview Lumber Company at South Bend , Washington in 1951 and Bayview Redi-Mix at Elma , Washington ." == "He founded the Bayview Lumber Company at South Bend , Washington in 1951 and Bayview Redi-Mix at Elma , WA , building both into multi-million dollar businesses ."

Genes , Brain and Behavior ( also known as G2B ) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the fields of the genetics of behavior , the nervous system ( neurogenetics ) , and mental illness ( psychiatric genetics ) .

In 2000 , a special section of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ( PNAS ) was devoted to evo-devo , and an entire 2005 issue of the Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B : Molecular and Developmental Evolution was devoted to the key evo-devo topics of evolutionary innovation and morphological novelty .


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Question: It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the International Behavioural and Neural Genetics Society .

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It is the official journal of the International Behavioural and Neural Genetics Society .

Crusio also served on the executive committees of the Behavior Genetics Association ( from which he resigned in protest to Glayde Whitney 's 1995 presidential address ) , the European Brain and Behaviour Society , and the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society ( IBNS ) . Crusio has been a President of the Dutch Behavior Genetics Contact Group .


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Question: Its habitat lies in a transitional zone between three ecoregions : dry spiny bush , humid littoral forest , and humid forest .

Its habitat lies in a transitional zone between three ecoregions : dry spiny bush , humid littoral forest ( near and in water ) , and humid forest .

The Park protects a very complex ecosystem with three communities : prairie grasslands , badlands , and riverside cottonwoods .


Question: First collected in 2001 and thought to be a subpopulation of the furry-eared dwarf lemur ( C. crossleyi ) , it was not formally described until 2013 .

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It was first collected in 2001 , and was thought to be a subpopulation of the furry-eared dwarf lemur ( C. crossleyi ) .

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The Laotian rock rat or kha-nyou ( `` Laonastes aenigmamus '' ) is a rodent species of the Khammouan area of Laos , first named in 2005 .