Postmodernism describes a broad movement that developed in the mid- to late 20th century across philosophy, the arts, architecture and criticism which marked a departure from modernism. While encompassing a broad range of ideas, postmodernism is typically defined by an attitude of skepticism, irony or rejection toward grand narratives, ideologies and various tenets of universalism, including objective notions of reason, human nature, social progress, moral universalism, absolute truth, and objective reality. Instead, it asserts to varying degrees that claims to knowledge and truth are products of social, historical or political discourses or interpretations, and are therefore contextual or socially constructed. Accordingly, postmodern thought is broadly characterized by tendencies to epistemological and moral relativism, pluralism, irreverence and self-referentiality. 

The term "postmodernism" has been applied both to the era following modernity and to a host of movements within that era (mainly in art, music, and literature) that reacted against tendencies in modernism. Postmodernism includes skeptical critical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, linguistics, economics, architecture, fiction, feminist theory, and literary criticism. Postmodernism is often associated with schools of thought such as deconstruction and post-structuralism, as well as philosophers such as Jean-François Lyotard, Jacques Derrida, and Frederic Jameson. 

The term "postmodern" was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested "a Postmodern style of painting" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in "The Hibbert Journal" (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion, writing: "The raison d'être of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition." QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. In what time period did the term postmodernism first appear?
2. When was the first use of the term postmodernism?
3. 
Q2:
1. Who thought up a kind of painting that was postmodern?
2. Who imagined a way of painting that could be called postmodern?
3. 
Q3:
1. Who was the author of the Hibbert Journal?
2. What was the name of the creator of the Hibbert Journal?
3. 
Q4:
1. What does postmodernism refer to?
2. What is the definition of postmodernism?
3. 
Q5:
1. Has the term postmodernism been applied to art?
2. Can art be described as postmodern?
3. 
Q6:
1. What philosophers are often labelled as postmodern?
2. What philosophers is postmodernism associated with?
3. 
Q7:
1. What schools of thought is postmodernism associated with?
2. What schools of thought are considered to be postmodern?
3. 
Q8:
1. Is postmodernism applied to literature?
2. Can literature be considered postmodern?
3. 
Q9:
1. Can music be considered postmodern?
2. Is the term postmodernism applied to music?
3. 
Q10:
1. When did the postmodern movement come about?
2. When was postmodernism developed?
3. 
Q11:
1. What characterization is given of postmodern thought?
2. How is postmodern belief described?
3. 
