Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language. It was designed and developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan. 

According to its creator, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including functional, object-oriented, and imperative. It also has a dynamic type system and automatic memory management. 

Ruby was conceived on February 24, 1993. In a 1999 post to the "ruby-talk" mailing list, Ruby author Yukihiro Matsumoto describes some of his early ideas about the language: 

Matsumoto describes the design of Ruby as being like a simple Lisp language at its core, with an object system like that of Smalltalk, blocks inspired by higher-order functions, and practical utility like that of Perl. 

The name "Ruby" originated during an online chat session between Matsumoto and Keiju Ishitsuka on February 24, 1993, before any code had been written for the language. Initially two names were proposed: "Coral" and "Ruby". Matsumoto chose the latter in a later e-mail to Ishitsuka. Matsumoto later noted a factor in choosing the name "Ruby" – it was the birthstone of one of his colleagues. 

The first public release of Ruby 0.95 was announced on Japanese domestic newsgroups on December 21, 1995. Subsequently, three more versions of Ruby were released in two days. The release coincided with the launch of the Japanese-language "ruby-list" mailing list, which was the first mailing list for the new language. QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. What kind of program is Ruby?
2. How would one describe Ruby?
3. 
Q2:
1. What is the name of the person that created Ruby?
2. Ruby was created by which person?
3. 
Q3:
1. Where is Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto from?
2. What is the name of the country where Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto is from?
3. 
Q4:
1. What name was considered for the program other than Ruby?
2. What name did Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto consider for the program on top of Ruby?
3. 
Q5:
1. Why did Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto choose Ruby as the name for the program?
2. Why was the name Ruby chosen by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto?
3. 
Q6:
1. When did Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto first think about creating Ruby?
2. When was Ruby first conceived by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto?
3. 
Q7:
1. When was Ruby released to the public for the first time?
2. What was the date of Ruby's first public release?
3. 
Q8:
1. Were there several versions of Ruby that were made available?
2. Did Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto release several versions of Ruby?
3. 
Q9:
1. What did Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto call Ruby's mailing list?
2. What name was given to Ruby's mailing list by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto?
3. 
Q10:
1. Which programs influenced Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto when creating Ruby?
2. Ruby was created by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto thanks to the influence of which other languages
3. 
Q11:
1. Did the programming language Ruby have automatic memory management?
2. Was automatic memory management one of the tools integrated within the Ruby programming language?
3. 
Q12:
1. Which one of Perl's characteristics did Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto wish to emulate?
2. Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto wanted to emulate which one of Perl characteristics into Ruby?
3. 
