The region, as part of Lorraine, was part of the Holy Roman Empire, and then was gradually annexed by France in the 17th century, and formalized as one of the provinces of France. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik Mülhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798. Alsace is frequently mentioned with and as part of Lorraine and the former duchy of Lorraine, since it was a vital part of the duchy, and later because German possession as the imperial province (Alsace-Lorraine, 1871–1918) was contested in the 19th and 20th centuries; France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years. 

With the decline of the Roman Empire, Alsace became the territory of the Germanic Alemanni. The Alemanni were agricultural people, and their Germanic language formed the basis of modern-day dialects spoken along the Upper Rhine (Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss). Clovis and the Franks defeated the Alemanni during the 5th century AD, culminating with the Battle of Tolbiac, and Alsace became part of the Kingdom of Austrasia. Under Clovis' Merovingian successors the inhabitants were Christianized. Alsace remained under Frankish control until the Frankish realm, following the Oaths of Strasbourg of 842, was formally dissolved in 843 at the Treaty of Verdun; the grandsons of Charlemagne divided the realm into three parts. Alsace formed part of the Middle Francia, which was ruled by the youngest grandson Lothar I. Lothar died early in 855 and his realm was divided into three parts. The part known as Lotharingia, or Lorraine, was given to Lothar's son. The rest was shared between Lothar's brothers Charles the Bald (ruler of the West Frankish realm) and Louis the German (ruler of the East Frankish realm). The Kingdom of Lotharingia was short-lived, however, becoming the stem duchy of Lorraine in Eastern Francia after the Treaty of Ribemont in 880. Alsace was united with the other Alemanni east of the Rhine into the stem duchy of Swabia. QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. What is the name of the city that the article is centered around?
2. The article is centered around what city?
3. 
Q2:
1. What event happened that resulted in Alsace becoming a part of the Germanic territory?
2. Alsace became a part of the Germanic territory as a result of what event happening?
3. 
Q3:
1. During what centuries was the Germanic territories' claim to Alsace contested?
2. The Germanic territories' claim to Alsace was contested during what centuries?
3. 
Q4:
1. What event took place in 1798 regarding Mulhouse and Alsace?
2. Regarding Mulhouse and Alsace, what event took place in 1798?
3. 
Q5:
1. What event took place that resulted in Mulhouse becoming a part of Alsace?
2. Mulhouse became a part of Alsace as a result of what event taking place?
3. 
Q6:
1. Was control of parts of Lorraine shifted between Germany and Spain?
2. Did Spain and Germany shift control of parts of Lorraine?
3. 
Q7:
1. What two countries shifted control of parts of Lorraine?
2. Control of parts of Lorraine was shifted between what two nations?
3. 
Q8:
1. What number of times did France and Germany shift control of parts of Lorraine during 75 years?
2. Within a time period of 75 years, Germany and France shifted control of parts of Lorraine what number of times?
3. 
Q9:
1. Did France and Germany shift control of parts of Lorraine four times within a 75 year period?
2. Was the control of parts of Lorraine shifted four times between France and Germany within a 75 year period?
3. 
Q10:
1. What kind of people were the Alemanni?
2. The Alemanni were known as what kind of people?
3. 
