The German equivalent was used with the founding of the North German Confederation whose constitution granted legislative power over the protection of intellectual property (Schutz des geistigen Eigentums) to the confederation. When the administrative secretariats established by the Paris Convention (1883) and the Berne Convention (1886) merged in 1893, they located in Berne, and also adopted the term intellectual property in their new combined title, the United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property. 

The term can be found used in an October 1845 Massachusetts Circuit Court ruling in the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown., in which Justice Charles L. Woodbury wrote that "only in this way can we protect intellectual property, the labors of the mind, productions and interests are as much a man's own...as the wheat he cultivates, or the flocks he rears." The statement that "discoveries are...property" goes back earlier. Section 1 of the French law of 1791 stated, "All new discoveries are the property of the author; to assure the inventor the property and temporary enjoyment of his discovery, there shall be delivered to him a patent for five, ten or fifteen years." In Europe, French author A. Nion mentioned propriété intellectuelle in his Droits civils des auteurs, artistes et inventeurs, published in 1846. QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. What power was accorded?
2. What legislative control was granted?
3. 
Q2:
1. What was power granted over?
2. Power was granted over what?
3. 
Q3:
1. Were conventions mentioned?
2. Did the text mention any conventions?
3. 
Q4:
1. What number of conventions were there?
2. How many conventions were mentioned?
3. 
Q5:
1. What was the first convention?
2. Which convention occurred first?
3. 
Q6:
1. When did the first convention occur?
2. When was the first convention?
3. 
Q7:
1. In which year did the second convention occur?
2. When did the second convention take place?
3. 
Q8:
1. Where did the second convention take place?
2. What place did the second convention occur in?
3. 
Q9:
1. Was any motion passed during these conventions?
2. Did anything get adopted at these conventions?
3. 
Q10:
1. What was adopted during the conventions?
2. What decision was formalized at the conventions?
3. 
Q11:
1. Was it the only time the term "intellectual property", was used?
2.  Is this the only example of the term ‘ intellectual property ‘ being used?
3. 
Q12:
1. In what other instance was the term used?
2. What other place used the term ‘intellectual property’?
3. 
Q13:
1. Which case was this intellectual property term used on?
2. Which court case used the intellectual property term?
3. 
Q14:
1. The case was ruled by whom?
2. Who presided over the case?
3. 
Q15:
1. When did the intellectual property case take place?
2. What year was the case?
3. 
