São Tomé and Príncipe, officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, is a Portuguese-speaking island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. It consists of two archipelagos around the two main islands: São Tomé and Príncipe, located about apart and about , respectively, off the northwestern coast of Gabon. 

The islands were uninhabited until their discovery by Portuguese explorers in the 15th century. Gradually colonized and settled by the Portuguese throughout the 16th century, they collectively served as a vital commercial and trade center for the Atlantic slave trade. The rich volcanic soil and close proximity to the equator made São Tomé and Príncipe ideal for sugar cultivation, followed later by cash crops such as coffee and cocoa; the lucrative plantation economy was heavily dependent upon imported African slaves. Cycles of social unrest and economic instability throughout the 19th and 20th centuries culminated in peaceful independence in 1975. São Tomé and Príncipe has since remained one of Africa's most stable and democratic countries. 

With a population of 192,993 (2013 Census), São Tomé and Príncipe is the second-smallest African country after Seychelles, as well as the smallest Portuguese-speaking country. Its people are predominantly of African and "mestiço" descent, with most practising Roman Catholicism. The legacy of Portuguese rule is also visible in the country's culture, customs, and music, which fuse European and African influences. QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. What does Sao Tome and Principe officially go by?
2. What is Sao Tome and Principe officially called?
3. How is Sao Tome and Principe formally referred to?
Q2:
1. Who discovered Sao Tome and Principe?
2. Who was the first to explore Sao Tome and Principe?
3. 
Q3:
1. When did Portuguese explorers discover Sao Tome and Principe?
2. When did Portuguese navigators come across Sao Tome and Principe?
3. During what time period was Sao Tome and Principe discovered by the Portuguese?
Q4:
1. Was Sao Tome and Principe inhabited in the 15th century?
2. Was anyone living on Sao Tome and Principe when the Portuguese discovered it?
3. At the time of its discovery by Portugal, was anyone living on Sao Tome and Principe?
Q5:
1. What body of water is Sao Tome and Principe located in?
2. What sea is Sao Tome and Principe in?
3. What body of water surrounds Sao Tome and Principe?
Q6:
1. What continent is nearby Sao Tome and Principe?
2. Which continent is in close proximity to Sao Tome and Principe?
3. What is the continent that neighbors Sao Tome and Principe?
Q7:
1. Which African coast neighbors Sao Tome and Principe?
2. What coast of Africa is Sao Tome and Principe close by?
3. Which African coast is near Sao Tome and Principe?
Q8:
1. How many people live in Sao Tome and Principe?
2. How many inhabitants does Sao Tome and Principe have?
3. What is the population of Sao Tome and Principe?
Q9:
1. When was the population of Sao Tome and Principe calculated?
2. When was the number of inhabitants on Sao Tome and Principe gathered?
3. In what year was a census taken on Sao Tome and Principe?
Q10:
1. Is Sao Tome and Principe the smallest African country?
2. Is Sao Tome and Principe the tiniest country in Africa?
3. Is Sao Tome and Principe smaller than all other countries in Africa?
Q11:
1. How many African countries are smaller than Sao Tome and Principe?
2. What is the number of countries in Africa smaller than Sao Tome and Principe?
3. How many African countries dwarf Sao Tome and Principe?
Q12:
1. Which African country is smaller than Sao Tome and Principe?
2. What is the African nation that is smaller than Sao Tome and Principe?
3. What is the only African country that Sao Tome and Principe is bigger than?
Q13:
1. What language is spoken in Sao Tome and Principe?
2. What do people speak on Sao Tome and Principe?
3. What is the native language on Sao Tome and Principe?
Q14:
1. What is the primary religion on Sao Tome and Principe?
2. What religion do most residents of Sao Tome and Principe practice?
3. What is the faith of most people on Sao Tome and Principe?
Q15:
1. Are people mostly Orthodox or Roman Catholic on Sao Tome and Principe?
2. Does Sao Tome and Principe have mostly believers in Orthodox or Roman Catholic traditions?
3. Does Sao Tome and Principe lean towards Catholicism of the Orthodox or Roman tradition?
