Svalbard (; prior to 1925 known by its Dutch name Spitsbergen, meaning "jagged mountains") is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. Situated north of mainland Europe, it is about midway between continental Norway and the North Pole. The islands of the group range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude. The largest island is Spitsbergen, followed by Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. 

Administratively, the archipelago is not part of any Norwegian county, but forms an unincorporated area administered by a governor appointed by the Norwegian government. Since 2002, Svalbard's main settlement, Longyearbyen, has had an elected local government, somewhat similar to mainland municipalities. Other settlements include the Russian mining community of Barentsburg, the research station of Ny-Ålesund, and the mining outpost of Sveagruva. Ny-Ålesund is the northernmost settlement in the world with a permanent civilian population. Other settlements are farther north, but are populated only by rotating groups of researchers. 

The islands were first taken into use as a whaling base in the 17th and 18th centuries, after which they were abandoned. Coal mining started at the beginning of the 20th century, and several permanent communities were established. The Svalbard Treaty of 1920 recognizes Norwegian sovereignty, and the 1925 Svalbard Act made Svalbard a full part of the Kingdom of Norway. They also established Svalbard as a free economic zone and a demilitarized zone. The Norwegian Store Norske and the Russian Arktikugol remain the only mining companies in place. Research and tourism have become important supplementary industries, with the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) and the Svalbard Global Seed Vault playing critical roles. No roads connect the settlements; instead snowmobiles, aircraft and boats serve inter-community transport. Svalbard Airport, Longyear serves as the main gateway. QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. What's the airport in Longyearbyen?
2. What airport can be found in Svalbard?
3. What is the name of Svalbard's airport?
Q2:
1. What was the original use of the Svalbard islands?
2. What were the Svalbard islands originally used for?
3. What did the Svalbard archipelago first serve as?
Q3:
1. When was the Svalbard archipelago a whaling base?
2. During what periods did Svalbard function as a whaling base?
3. When was Svalbard's main function a whaling base?
Q4:
1. Does Svalbard serve as a whaling base in the present day?
2. Today, is Svalbard still a whaling base?
3. Is Svalbard currently used as a whaling base?
Q5:
1. Who is settled in the north of Svalbard?
2. What group can be found in the far north of Svalbard?
3. Who has settlements in the northern part of Svalbard?
Q6:
1. Is Svalbard part of any Norwegian county?
2. Is Svalbard incorporated into any of the Norwegian counties?
3. Do any of the Norwegian counties lay claim to Svalbard?
Q7:
1. What is the Dutch name for Svalbard?
2. What is Svalbard called in the Dutch language?
3. What do the Dutch call Svalbard?
Q8:
1. When did Svalbard go by its Dutch name?
2. When was the Dutch name for Svalbard its primary one?
3. When was Svalbard known as Spitsbergen?
Q9:
1. Is Svalbard in the Pacific Ocean?
2. Is the location of Svalbard within the Pacific Ocean?
3. Can Svalbard be found inside the Pacific Ocean?
Q10:
1. What is Svalbard's location in the sea?
2. Which ocean is home to Svalbard?
3. What ocean can Svalbard be found in?
Q11:
1. What number of supplemental industries are important to Svalbard?
2. How many supplementary industries count for Svalbard?
3. How many additional industries are sources of income for Svalbard?
Q12:
1. What are the two supplemental industries in Svalbard?
2. What two industries are supplementary for Svalbard?
3. Which industries have become important supplementary ones in Svalbard?
Q13:
1. What kind of mining goes on in Svalbard?
2. What mining industry does Svalbard have?
3. Which mining industry exists in Svalbard?
Q14:
1. When did the coal mining industry arrive in Svalbard?
2. When did people start to mine for coal in Svalbard?
3. When was coal mining launched in Svalbard?
Q15:
1. What is a mining community in Svalbard?
2. What's the name of Svalbard's mining community?
3. By what name is a mining community in Svalbard referred to?
Q16:
1. What is something that has happened in Svalbard since 2002?
2. What has Svalbard been doing since 2002?
3. What's been taking place within Svalbard since 2002?
Q17:
1. What does Spitsbergen mean?
2. What is the translation of Spitsbergen?
3. How can Svalbard's Dutch name be translated into English?
Q18:
1. What islands are smaller than Spitsbergen?
2. What islands is Spitsbergen larger than?
3. Which islands are dwarfed by Spitsbergen?
Q19:
1. Where in Svalbard is the research station located?
2. What is the location of Svalbard's research station?
3. Which island houses Svalbard's research station/
Q20:
1. What was the purpose of the 1925 Svalbard Act?
2. What was the consequence of the 1925 Svalbard Act?
3. What change came about as a result of the 1925 Svalbard Act?
