North Rhine-Westphalia (, , commonly shortened to NRW) is the most populous state of Germany, with a population of approximately 18 million, and the fourth largest by area. Its capital is Düsseldorf; the largest city is Cologne. Four of Germany's ten largest cities—Cologne, Düsseldorf, Dortmund, and Essen—are located within the state, as well as the second largest metropolitan area on the European continent, Rhine-Ruhr. 

North Rhine-Westphalia was formed in 1946 as a merger of the provinces of North Rhine and Westphalia, both formerly parts of Prussia, and the Free State of Lippe. It makes up almost a quarter of the population and a quarter of the economy of Germany. 

The first written account of the area was by its conqueror, Julius Caesar, the territories west of the Rhine were occupied by the Eburones and east of the Rhine he reported the Ubii (across from Cologne) and the Sugambri to their north. The Ubii and some other Germanic tribes such as the Cugerni were later settled on the west side of the Rhine in the Roman province of Germania Inferior. Julius Caesar conquered the tribes on the left bank, and Augustus established numerous fortified posts on the Rhine, but the Romans never succeeded in gaining a firm footing on the right bank, where the Sugambri neighboured several other tribes including the Tencteri and Usipetes. North of the Sigambri and the Rhine region were the Bructeri. QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. Which state has the highest population in Germany?
2. Which German state is its most populous?
3. What German state is home to the highest amount of people?
Q2:
1. Is NRW an acronym?
2. Does NRW stand for anything?
3. Is NRW short for something?
Q3:
1. What is NRW an acronym for?
2. What does NRW signify?
3. What is NRW short for?
Q4:
1. What is the population of North Rhine-Westphalia?
2. How many residents does North Rhine-Westphalia have?
3. How many people live in NRW?
Q5:
1. When was North Rhine-Westphalia formed?
2. In what year was North Rhine-Westphalia established?
3. What was the year of North Rhine-Westphalia's founding?
Q6:
1. Is North Rhine-Westphalia important to the German economy?
2. Does North Rhine-Westphalia play a big part in Germany's commerce?
3. Does North Rhine-Westphalia represent a large portion of Germany's economy?
Q7:
1. What fraction of Germany's economy is attributed to North Rhine-Westphalia?
2. How much of the German economy does North Rhine-Westphalia make up?
3. What portion of the German economy does NRW represent?
Q8:
1. Did the creation of North Rhine-Westphalia merge two areas together?
2. Were two regions brought together when North Rhine-Westphalia was founded?
3. Did the establishment of NRW bring together two provinces?
Q9:
1. What two provinces were merged by the establishment of North Rhine-Westphalia?
2. What regions did North Rhine-Westphalia bring together when it was founded?
3. Which two provinces merged as a result of the creation of NRW?
Q10:
1. What leader of Rome is mentioned in the article?
2. Which Roman head of state does the article mention?
3. Who is the Roman leader that the article makes reference to?
Q11:
1. What is the connection between Julius Caesar and North Rhine-Westphalia?
2. Why is Julius Caesar important to the state of North Rhine-Westphalia?
3. What significance does Julius Caesar have in North Rhine-Westphalia?
Q12:
1. What impact did Julius Casesar have on the physical region of North Rhine-Westphalia?
2. What did Julius Caesar do to the North Rhine-Westphalia region?
3. In addition to writing an account of the region, what other importance did Julius Caesar have in North Rhine-Westphalia?
