CHAPTER II. 

THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR. 

1. Wars of Edward III.--By the Salic law, as the lawyers called it, the crown was given, on the death of Charles IV., to _Philip, Count of Valois_, son to a brother of Philip IV., but it was claimed by Edward III. of England as son of the daughter of Philip IV. Edward contented himself, however, with the mere assertion of his pretensions, until Philip exasperated him by attacks on the borders of Guienne, which the French kings had long been coveting to complete their possession of the south, and by demanding the surrender of Robert of Artois, who, being disappointed in his claim to the county of Artois by the judgment of the Parliament of Paris, was practising by sorcery on the life of the King of France. Edward then declared war, and his supposed right caused a century of warfare between France and England, in which the broken, down-trodden state of the French peasantry gave England an immense advantage. The knights and squires were fairly matched; but while the English yeomen were strong, staunch, and trustworthy, the French were useless, and only made a defeat worse by plundering the fallen on each side alike. The war began in Flanders, where Philip took the part of the count, whose tyrannies had caused his expulsion. Edward was called in to the aid of the citizens of Ghent by their leader Jacob van Arteveldt; and gained a great victory over the French fleet at Sluys, but with no important result. At the same time the two kings took opposite sides in the war of the succession in Brittany, each defending the claim most inconsistent with his own pretensions to the French crown--Edward upholding the male heir, John de Montfort, and Philip the direct female representative, the wife of Charles de Blois.  QUESTIONS:

Q1:
1. Who started the war?
2. Who was the war declared by?
3. Who made the Hundred Years War happen?
Q2:
1. Whose surrender did Edward III demand?
2. Who did Edward III say needed to surrender?
3. Who did Edward III demand to be surrendered?
Q3:
1. What was the number of kings that took opposite sides?
2. How many kings were not on the same sides?
3. How many kings opposed each other?
Q4:
1. How is Edward III related to Philip IV?
2. Where in Philip IV's family is Edward III?
3. What family member is Edward III to Philip IV?
Q5:
1. What did the French kings want to do?
2. What were the French kings interested in finishing?
3. What did the French kings wish to be done?
Q6:
1. Were French peasants in good shape?
2. Was the French peasantry healthy?
3. Were the French peasants doing well?
Q7:
1. How was the French peasantry doing?
2. What was the state of the French peasantry?
3. What state were the French peasants in?
Q8:
1. Where was the start of the Hundred Years War?
2. Where did the Hundred Years War begin?
3. In what location was the Hundred Years war started?
Q9:
1. Where was the French fleet overtaken?
2. What was the location of the French fleet's defeat?
3. Where did the French fleet get taken down?
Q10:
1. Was the victory at Sluys important?
2. Were there big level consequences to the victory at Sluys?
3. Did the Sluys victory bring big results?
Q11:
1. What was the role of Charles de Blois' wife?
2. What importance did the wife of Charles de Blois have?
3. How did Charles de Blois's wife come into play?
Q12:
1. Were Britain and France fairly matched?
2. Was the war a fair fight between England and France?
3. Did both sides have an equal chance at winning in the war?
Q13:
1. How did the French lose any advantage they had?
2. What tactical mistakes did the French make?
3. What grave mistake made the French even more worthless than they had started out as?
Q14:
1. What did Jacob van Arteveldt do?
2. What was Jacob van Arteveldt's role?
3. What title did Jacob van Arteveldt have?
Q15:
1. What was John de Montfort?
2. What was the title of John de Montfort
3. What role did John de Montfort have?
