Russian wildlife has been categorized by World Wide Fund for Nature into 13 bioregions which, as of 2012, have 101 zapovedniks (strictly protected areas) covering more than 33.5 million hectares (82.7 million acres) and 38 national parks (protected areas with implemented zoning). Zapovedniks (pronounced:Zap-o-VED-nik) are strictly protected scientific nature reserves under IUCN category I. The Zapovednik, Barguzinsky, was the first zapovednik that was established in 1916 covering the eastern shore areas of Lake Baikal. The zapovedniks cover the tundra region of the far north, the steppe (prairies) of the south, the Black Sea and the Bering Sea, encompassing a tremendous diversity of territory and play a critical role in nature conservation. The regions and the number of reserves in each of then are: 8 in the Arctic region of Russia, 20 reserves in Kola-Karelian & Eastern European Forest, 13 in the Eastern European Forest-Steppe, Steppe & Caspian Semi-Desert, 9 in Ural Mountains, 6 in at Caucasus (also Prielbrusye National Park and Sochinsky National Park, 4 in Western Siberian Forest, 4 in Central Siberia, 8 in Altai-Sayansky, 4 in Baikal (and Zabaykalsky National Park), 4 in Zabaikal, 15 in Amur-Sakhalin and 5 in Kamchatka-Okhotsk Sea. UNESCO listed World Heritage Sites in these regions are: Virgin Komi Forests of the Urals, the Lake Baikal, the Volcanoes of Kamchatka, the Altai Mountains, the Western Caucasus, the Curonian Spit (the Kurshskaya Kosa National Park), the Central Sikhote-Alin, Uvs Nuur Basin on the border with Mongolia, and the Wrangel Island Reserve in the Chukchi Sea in the Russian Far East.