Several developed and natural springs in the wilderness provide water for the abundant wildlife. White-tailed and mule deer, mountain lions, golden eagles, bald eagles and many other animals inhabit the Dos Cabezas Mountains. The collared lizard may be found in the upper portions of Buckeye Canyon. The peregrine falcon, a state and federally listed endangered species, migrates through the area. The majority of the wilderness contains mountain shrub, desert shrub and riparian vegetation. Arizona's Game and Fish department recently released photos from a 2016 sighting of the second known jaguar living in the state.