Siderokastron is first mentioned in the 13th century. Some scholars have identified it with a place on Mount Knemis (Buchon), Delphi or Arachova (Gregorovius), or Heraclea Trachis (Neroutsos), but based on the description in the Chronicle of the Morea, it is most likely to be identified with the ruined fortified settlement on a rocky plateau found on an eastern outlier of Mount Oeta, on the banks of the upper course of the Asopos River near the modern villages of Pavliani and Koumaritsi. This identification was made by G. Kolias in 1933.