The villages of the Tende valley and La Brigue were ceded to France but Italian diplomats were able to maintain in place the Treaty of Turin (1860), according to which the French-Italian alpine border passes through the summit of Mont Blanc, despite French demands on the Aosta Valley. Anyhow the French Republic has never adopted any form of bilingualism in the towns of Briga and Tenda destining these municipalities to forced assimilation to French language. The province of South Tyrol was also kept by Italy despite the territorial demands of Austria, largely thanks to the Gruber-De Gasperi Agreement signed some months before.