Mount Abraham stands within the watershed of Lake Champlain, which drains into the Richelieu River in Québec, the Saint Lawrence River, and then eventually into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. The southeast slopes of Mount Abraham drain into Lincoln Brook, then into the Mad River, the Winooski River, and into Lake Champlain. The east slopes drain into Bradley Brook, a tributary of the Mad River. The southwest face of Mount Abraham drains into the headwaters of the New Haven River, Otter Creek, and into Lake Champlain. The northwest face of Mount Abraham drains into Beaver Meadow Brook, a tributary of the New Haven River.