The settlement of La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís was established as a more permanent capital at the foot of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in 1610.: As a result of the Pueblo Revolt, the only successful revolt against European expansion by Native Americans, these early cities were occupied by the Puebloan peoples until the Spanish returned with an offer of better cultural and religious liberties for the Pueblos. After the death of the Pueblo leader Popé, Diego de Vargas restored the area to Spanish rule.: While developing Santa Fe as a trade center, the returning settlers founded Albuquerque in 1706 from existing surrounding communities,: naming it for the viceroy of New Spain, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque.