Its eruptive history stretches back thousands of years, but the most notable eruption occurred in 1975, commonly known as The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption. It was preceded by an earthquake swarm, which led to a successful prediction of the eruption by scientists from the Russian Institute of Volcanology. The eruption created several new cinder cones, and in terms of volume of lava emitted, was Kamchatka's largest basaltic eruption in historic times.