Archeological sites are found, including chullpas, the site Chillagua Grande close to the southern margin of Laguna Vilama. There, enclosures and formerly roofed buildings were identified, which were later used as refuge for pastoralists and travellers. On the eastern shore lies Isla Vilama directly on the shores of the lake; this site features a number of lithic tools and appears to have been used by flamingo hunters.