Armenian nationalism has notably been opposed to Turkish nationalism. According to Brannen (2004), to the Armenian diasporic communities in the United States and Canada, historical memory of the Armenian Genocide carried out by Ottoman Turks in April 1915 had become a focus around which formation of Armenian identity takes place. Armenian diasporic nationalism has a strong nostalgic component for a lost time and place, most prominently symbolized by Mount Ararat which, although visible from Yerevan, lies within Turkish territory.