Paniri has erupted rocks ranging from basaltic andesite to rhyolite, which mainly define a potassium-rich calc-alkaline volcanic suite. Phenocrysts include biotite, clinopyroxene, hornblende, olivine, opaque minerals, orthopyroxene, plagioclase, quartz and rutile; the exact composition varies between various units. Alteration of the erupted rocks has given rise to clay, chlorite, epidote and illite. Magma genesis at Paniri appears to involve both the assimilation of crustal rocks in the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex and fractional crystallization processes in shallow magma chambers.