Mount Yamato Katsuragi is located within Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park, with a peak elevation of . Mount Nijō is about to the north, and Mount Kongō is about to the south-southwest. It is part of the Kongō Range. Mount Yamato Katsuragi has gently sloping sides which rise from the neighboring Katsuragi Plateau. The mountain was produced by orogenic folding, and is composed of schistose granite overlaid with a shallow layer of sandy and gravelly alluvial soil.