Toponas is located at (40.057841,-106.801357). Despite the small size of the town, this is a strategic location, lying in a broad mountain pass on the divide between the Yampa River to the north and the Colorado River to the south. As a result, the town is traversed by not only State Highway 131, but also the former Craig branch of the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. Toponas also lies at the west end of State Highway 134 and thus at the bottom of the climb to Gore Pass, on one of the two highway routes between the Yampa Valley and Middle Park.