By the 16th century, the Majapahit Empire was defeated by the Islamic kingdoms in Java, resulting in the exiles of many Majaphit aristocrats to the neighbouring island of Bali. Those who remained in Java are forced to convert to Islam, while a small pocket of isolated people living in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park spread around Pasuruan, Probolinggo, Malang, and Lumajang Regencies remains adhered to Hinduism to this day. They are known as the Tenggerese people. Their population of roughly 100,000 is centered in 30 villages in the isolated Tengger mountains.