The Pima Villages and some of their lands were included in the Gila River Indian Reservation in 1859. An Indian Agency was established at Casa Blanca with Silas St. John, (station agent of the Butterfield Overland Mail at Casa Blanca Station), appointed on February 18, 1859, as Special Agent for the Pima and Maricopa Indians. Agent St. John also conducted a census of the villages later that year, when presents were being distributed among the villages by the Indian Agency, showing 3,770 Pimas and the 472 Maricopas. This population census is thought to be inaccurate, probably due to this distribution of presents, showing almost 400 fewer persons than the 1858 count, too few children and overstating the adult population. The census records the Pima Villages as: Buen Llano, Hormiguero, Hormiguerito, Casa Blanca, Cochinilla, Arenal No. 1, El Cerro No. 1, El Cerro No. 2, Arizo del Agua, Arenal No. 2. The Maricopa Villages were: Sacaton and Huesoparada. El Cerro No. 1 and No. 2. made ten villages for the Pima. Beside Hormiguerito they were the smallest villages, apparently new villages, indicating the expansion of farms for the trade with the Mail company and the military in the late 1850s.