The most recent eruption was previously dated in 1990 as c.25,000 BP. However, in February 2020, new evidence came to light by using a more sophisticated method of dating than previously, a form of radiometric dating known as argon-argon dating, showing that both Budj Bim and Tower Hill volcanoes erupted at least 34,000 years ago. Specifically, Tower Hill was dated at within 3,800 years either side of 36,800 years BP. Significantly, this is a minimum age constraint for human presence in Victoria, and also could be interpreted as evidence for the Gunditjmara oral histories which tell of volcanic eruptions being some of the oldest oral traditions in existence. The study was carried out by the University of Melbourne's School of Earth Sciences' David Phillips and three other researchers.