The island's indigenous people, the Guanche Berbers, referred to the island as or in their language (variant spellings are found in the literature). According to Pliny the Younger, Berber king Juba II sent an expedition to the Canary Islands and Madeira; he named the Canary Islands for the particularly ferocious dogs () on the island. Juba II and Ancient Romans referred to the island of Tenerife as , derived from the Latin word (nsg.; gsg. , npl. ), meaning snow, referring to the snow-covered peak of the Teide volcano. Later maps dating to the 14th and 15th century, by mapmakers such as Bontier and Le Verrier, refer to the island as , literally meaning Island of Hell, referring to the volcanic activity and eruptions of Mount Teide.