Tephra and block-and-ash flows deposits from Holocene eruptions can be found within the amphitheatre, and some 7,000-1,000 year-old tephra layers close to Ubinas volcano have been attributed to activity at Huaynaputina. A debris avalanche deposit that crops out on the eastern side of the Río Tambo, opposite to the amphitheatre, may have been emplaced not long before the 1600 eruption. Three eruptions of the volcano have been dated to 9,700 ± 190, less than 7,480 ± 40 years ago and 5,750 years before present, respectively. The first two eruptions produced pumice falls and pyroclastic flows, the first event also depositing tephra in Laguna Salinas north of Huaynaputina and producing a block-and-ash flow to its south.