The municipality (Gemeinde) of Alfdorf lies at the easternmost extremity of the Rems-Murr district, along its border with the Ostalb district. Alfdorf is physically located in the Schurwald and Welzheim Forest, regions of the larger Swabian-Franconian Forest. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of Normalnull (NN) to a low of NN.