Attention turned to the headwaters of the Apurímac River as early as 1935 when Lake Vilafro (, elevation) was identified as the source of the Amazon. Several other places in that vicinity were named in the decades that followed with the Carhuasanta River, flowing down from Mismi mountain, first identified as a possible ultimate source in 1969 by Carlos Peñaherrera del Aguila. In 1971, Loren McIntyre led a National Geographic Society expedition to this remote area, frequented only by llama and alpaca herders. On the northern slopes of Mismi, at the headwaters of the Carhuasanta, McIntyre identified a small pond as the source of the Amazon. He named the pond Lake McIntyre and later it appeared on maps as Laguna Bohemia. It is located at at an elevation of .