Psychedelics in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
There is a need for new, effective treatments for patients with (treatment-resistant) depressive disorders, anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd). At the same time, there is renewed interest in psychedelics for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.<br> AIM To provide an overview of results from past and current research into psychedelics in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders and ocd.<br> METHOD Literature search in Medline and PubMed databases, supplemented with cross-references and results from recent studies.<br> RESULTS There is a considerable evidence base for the atypical psychedelic ketamine. Ketamine has a rapid, beneficial effect on depression and suicidality longer-term effects are less clear. Research into classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders is currently limited to a few small (open label) studies, although positive outcomes are reported even after a single administration, with potentially longer lasting benefits. Studies must be repeated in larger and more diverse groups of patients.<br> CONCLUSION Further research into efficacy, therapeutic mechanisms and intervention models is very worthwhile for the benefit of patients, but also to provide a deeper insight into the psychotherapeutic and neurobiological mechanisms that play a role in (the treatment of) common mental disorders.