Previous exposure to delta9-tetrahydrocannibinol enhances locomotor responding to but not self-administration of amphetamine.
Previous exposure to amphetamine leads to enhanced locomotor and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) dopamine (DA) responding to the drug as well as enhanced amphetamine self-administration. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannibinol (Δ(9)-THC) on behavioral and biochemical responding to amphetamine. Rats in different groups received five exposure injections of vehicle or one of five doses of Δ(9)-THC (0.4, 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 mgkg i.p.) and were tested 2 days and 2 weeks later. Exposure to all but the lowest and highest doses of Δ(9)-THC enhanced the locomotor response to amphetamine (0.75 mgkg i.p.), but all failed to enhance NAcc DA overflow in response to the drug. Moreover, exposure to 3.0 mgkg i.p. Δ(9)-THC increased forskolin-evoked adenylyl cyclase activity in the NAcc and rats locomotor response to the direct DA receptor agonist apomorphine (1.0 mgkg s.c.), suggesting that Δ(9)-THC sensitized locomotor responding to amphetamine by up-regulating postsynaptic DA receptor signaling in the NAcc. Finally, amphetamine self-administration (200 μgkginfusion i.v.) was enhanced in amphetamine (5 × 1.5 mgkg i.p.)-exposed rats, but not in rats exposed to Δ(9)-THC (5 × 3.0 mgkg i.p.). Previous exposure to this dose of Δ(9)-THC modestly increased apomorphine SA (0.5 mgkginfusion i.v.). Thus, unlike amphetamine exposure, exposure to Δ(9)-THC does not enhance the subsequent NAcc DA response to amphetamine or promote amphetamine self-administration. Although Δ(9)-THC leads to alterations in postsynaptic DA receptor signaling in the NAcc and these can affect the generation of locomotion, these neuroadaptations do not seem to be linked to the expression of enhanced amphetamine self-administration.