who discovered the vaccine for the prevention of small pox
Edward Jenner
title: Vaccine text: of the East India Company stationed in China and another by Clopton Havers. Sometime during the late 1760s whilst serving his apprenticeship as a surgeon/apothecary Edward Jenner learned of the story, common in rural areas, that dairy workers would never have the often-fatal or disfiguring disease smallpox, because they had already had cowpox, which has a very mild effect in humans. In 1796, Jenner took pus from the hand of a milkmaid with cowpox, scratched it into the arm of an 8-year-old boy, James Phipps, and six weeks later inoculated (variolated) the boy with smallpox, afterwards observing that he did title: Cowpox text: cowpox into the skin of his family members in the hopes of protecting them. Jesty did not publicize his findings, and Jenner, who performed his first inoculation 22 years later and publicized his findings, assumed credit. It is said that Jenner made this discovery by himself, possibly without knowing previous accounts 20 years earlier. Although Jesty may have been the first to discover it, Jenner made vaccination widely accessible and has therefore been credited for its invention. The majority of the population at the time accepted the up-and-coming vaccination. However, there were still opposition from individuals who were reluctant to title: Hugo Carl Plaut text: Hugo Carl Plaut Hugo Carl Plaut (b.12 October 1858 - d.17 February 1928) was a German physician, who worked primarily as a bacteriologist and mycologist in human and animal medicine . He is best known for his discovery of the cause of Plaut-Vincent angina an infection of the tonsils caused by spirochaeta and treponema bacteria. He was also a pioneer in the field of vaccination and he created a vaccine for sheep pox. He was born in Leipzig, the son of the banker Gustav Plaut and his wife Bertha, née Oppenheimer. His school was the humanistic Thomas School in Leipzig title: John Griffiths (surgeon) text: John Griffiths (surgeon) John Griffiths of Erryd (28 October 1754 – 17 September 1822, Charmouth, Dorset) was a London medical practitioner and surgeon. His parents were the Reverend John Griffiths, B.A. from Oxford University, and Mary Denham. Dr Griffiths was appointed surgeon to Queen Charlotte's Household on 23 November 1792, which position he held until 1818, and was surgeon at St George's Hospital (1796 – 1822). Griffiths was among those who gave evidence to the 1802 Committee of the House of Commons on Dr JENNER'S Petition respecting his Discovery of Vaccine Inoculation against small pox, recently discovered by Edward Jenner. title: Vaccine text: not catch smallpox. Jenner extended his studies and in 1798 reported that his vaccine was safe in children and adults and could be transferred from arm-to-arm reducing reliance on uncertain supplies from infected cows. Since vaccination with cowpox was much safer than smallpox inoculation, the latter, though still widely practised in England, was banned in 1840. The second generation of vaccines was introduced in the 1880s by Louis Pasteur who developed vaccines for chicken cholera and anthrax, and from the late nineteenth century vaccines were considered a matter of national prestige, and compulsory vaccination laws were passed. The twentieth century