tokens: ['the', 'validation', 'process', 'These', 'threats', 'include', '', 'DNS', 'Spoofing', 'An', 'attacker', 'may', 'attempt', 'to', 'impersonate', 'the', 'DNS', 'server', 'and', 'provide', 'fake', 'DNS', 'responses', 'to', 'the', 'ACME', 'client', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'successful', 'domain', 'validation', 'This', 'can', 'be', 'mitigated', 'by', 'using', 'DNSSEC', 'DNS', 'Security', 'Extensions', 'to', 'ensure', 'the', 'authenticity', 'of', 'DNS', 'responses', '', 'DNS', 'Cache', 'Poisoning', 'An', 'attacker', 'may', 'attempt', 'to', 'poison', 'the', 'DNS', 'cache', 'of', 'the', 'ACME', 'client', 'with', 'incorrect', 'information', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'successful', 'domain', 'validation', 'This', 'can', 'be', 'mitigated', 'by', 'implementing', 'DNS', 'cache', 'poisoning', 'prevention', 'mechanisms', 'such', 'as', 'Response', 'Rate', 'Limiting', 'RRL', 'and', 'DNS', 'Cookies', '', 'ManintheMiddle', 'MitM', 'Attacks', 'An', 'attacker', 'may', 'intercept', 'the', 'communication', 'between', 'the', 'ACME', 'client', 'and', 'the', 'DNS', 'server', 'modify', 'the', 'DNS', 'responses', 'and', 'provide', 'fake', 'domain', 'validation', 'results', 'to', 'the', 'ACME', 'client', 'This', 'can', 'be', 'mitigated', 'by', 'using', 'secure', 'communication', 'protocols', 'such', 'as', 'HTTPSTLS', 'to', 'encrypt', 'the', 'communication', 'and', 'prevent', 'interception', '', 'DNS', 'Server', 'Compromise', 'A', 'DNS']