Question: In the context of EPS (Evolved Packet System) security over E-UTRAN, what is the primary authentication and key agreement procedure that must be utilized between the MME (Mobility Management Entity) and the UE (User Equipment)?
Option 1: UMTS AKA (Authentication and Key Agreement)
Option 2: EPS AKA (Evolved Packet System Authentication and Key Agreement)
Option 3: GSM AKA (Global System for Mobile Communications Authentication and Key Agreement)
Option 4: LTE-CA (Long-Term Evolution - Certificate-based Authentication)
Explanation: EPS AKA is specifically mandated for use over E-UTRAN in the context of establishing an EPS security context between the MME and the UE. This procedure ensures secure authentication and key exchange, which are crucial for protecting communications in LTE networks.