Question: How does a receiving entity (e.g., MME or VLR) handle repeated information elements in a message when repetition is not specified for that element, but it appears multiple times?
Option 1: The receiving entity processes all instances of the repeated information element to ensure comprehensive handling.
Option 2: The receiving entity only handles the contents of the first occurrence of the information element and ignores all subsequent repetitions.
Option 3: The receiving entity notifies the sending entity of the repetition error and requests a corrected message.
Option 4: The receiving entity terminates the session due to the unexpected format of the received message.
Explanation: According to standard practices in telecom protocols, when an information element is repeated without specification, the receiving entity only processes the first instance to maintain protocol integrity and prevent errors or security vulnerabilities, ensuring consistency in message handling.