Question: Which entity is responsible for providing the SIP database in deployment scenarios where the Vertical Application Layer (VAL) service provider provides the SIP core?
Option 1: Home Subscriber Server (HSS)
Option 2: Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) Operator
Option 3: VAL Service Provider
Option 4: Registrar Finder Entity
Explanation: According to the described deployment scenarios, when the VAL service provider is responsible for providing the SIP core, it may also provide the SIP database. This highlights a key aspect of telecom network architecture, where the provision of core services (like SIP core) often entails the management of associated databases for efficient operation and security. In this context, having the VAL service provider manage the SIP database ensures streamlined control over the provided SIP core services.