Question: What channel coding scheme is employed for the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) and control information in 5G New Radio (NR), according to 3GPP specifications?
Option 1: Quasi-cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes with a single base graph
Option 2: Polar coding based on nested sequences, utilizing puncturing, shortening, and repetition for rate matching
Option 3: Turbo codes with dynamic code block segmentation for adaptive rate control
Option 4: Convolutional codes with Viterbi decoding for error correction in control channels
Explanation: In 5G NR, as per the specified telecom standards, Polar coding is specifically chosen for the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) and control information due to its ability to efficiently handle small packet sizes and achieve high coding gains at short block lengths. The use of nested sequences along with puncturing, shortening, and repetition enables flexible rate matching, which is crucial for adapting to varying channel conditions and ensuring reliable transmission of critical control information.