Today created whole educational systems aimed at compensate partially lost or no visual function.Educational programs use a variety of activities - playing, informative, substantive, etc.
In addition, developing programs, the purpose of which - the payment of secondary mental development defects in visual impairment.
Compensation partial defect goes through the same stages as the total compensation, except that the partial defect compensation process information is included, coming from visual impairment analyzer.The ratio of compensation and compensation greatly changed.
In case of partial defect is the primary defect correction, that is the main task of teachers and parents - to try to maximize the use visual functions of the child.
further way of compensatory processes based
most important problem of modern tiflopsihologii and technique of physical training is to correct visual perception of visually impaired children and children with residual vision.
many years residual vision used for teaching chaotic, mainly in consumer activity and spatial orientation.There was created special tools that could facilitate social and household activities and spatial orientation of the visually impaired.
On the one hand, tiflopsihologi believed that residual vision in general should not be used to save it for a future life, and on the other - the teachers used the potential balance of visual function, without worrying about its safety.
In modern tiflopsihologii study appeared, and on their basis - the program, allowing not only the productive use of residual vision, but also to teach visually impaired children the correct use of it.
great contribution to the development of compensation made N.Barragi work near vision, which today are used in more than 15 countries around the world.
Soviet scientists also established compensation program of visual function disorders - eg, LPGrigorieva a system of visual perception, which includes both physiological and psychological and pedagogical elements.
Domestic tiflopsihologi proved that by using residual vision in the native language lessons, natural history and geography of knowledge is much more than just a child when using Save analyzer while saving it.
significant influence careful application of residual vision has on the whole process of education.Children write up is much easier to carry items they realistically make up stories about the world, their narratives are more harmony, logical, emotional, realistic.
stories are quite varied and diverse.Children with great pleasure working with colored embossed patterns, but their long-term memory is stored for six months shown in these image, while the colorless drawings saved in not more than three months.
important aspect when creating the work and programs for the development of visual perception of the visually impaired is to create a hygienic and ergonomic conditions.First of all, it is necessary to take into account aspects of lighting: general should be as light and extra.
often blind with residual vision or close brings the object to the eyes, or low bending over him.This reduces the illumination of objects.Following the proper lighting conditions does not create a burden on the lessons for 15-20 minutes, providing continuous visual load.
However, due to lack of vision, which does not allow to consider too small or too tall buildings, the main training tools for the blind with residual vision remain touch and hearing and then the vision.
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