page:  = and = 
   − . In the 10th century , clusters of one ( · ) , two ( : ) , three ( ჻ ) and six ( ჻ ჻ ) dots ( later sometimes small circles ) were introduced by Ephrem Mtsire to indicate increasing breaks in the text . One dot indicated a " minor stop " ( presumably a simple word break ) , two dots marked or separated " special words " , three dots for a " bigger stop " ( such as the appositive name and title " the sovereign Alexander " , below , or the title of the Gospel of Matthew , above ) , and six dots were to indicate the end of the sentence . Starting in the 11th century , marks resembling the apostrophe and comma came into use . An apostrophe was used to mark an interrogative word , and a comma appeared at the end of an interrogative sentence . From the 12th century on , these were replaced with the semicolon ( the Greek question mark ) . In the 18th century , Patriarch Anton I of Georgia reformed the system again , with commas , single dots , and double dots used to mark " complete " , " incomplete " , and " final " sentences , respectively . For the most part , Georgian today uses the punctuation as in international usage of the Latin script . 
   Signature of King Alexander II of Kakheti , with the divider 〈 ჻ 〉 
   ჴლმწიფე ჻ ალექსანდრე 
   " The sovereign Alexander " 
   
   = = Summary = = 
   
   This table lists the three scripts in parallel columns , including the letters that are now obsolete in all alphabets ( shown with a blue background ) , obsolete in Georgian but still used in other alphabets ( green background ) , or additional letters in languages other than Georgian ( pink background ) . The " national " transliteration is the system used by the Georgian government , whereas " Laz " is the Latin Laz alphabet used in Turkey . The table also shows the traditional numeric values of the letters . 
   
   = = Use for other non @-@ Kartvelian languages = = 
   
   Ossetian language during the 1940s . 
   Abkhaz language during the 1940s . 
   Ingush language ( historically ) , later replaced in the 17th century by Arabic and by the Cyrillic script in modern times . 
   Chechen language ( historically ) , later replaced in the 17th century by Arabic and by the Cyrillic script in modern times . 
   Avar language ( historically ) , later replaced in the 17th century by Arabic and by the Cyrillic script in modern times . 
   Turkish language and Tatar language . A Turkish Gospel , dictionary , poems , medical book dating from the 18th century . 
   Persian language . The 18th @-@ century Persian translation of the Arabic Gospel is kept at the National Center of Manuscripts in Tbilisi . 
   Armenian language . In the Armenian community in Tbilisi , the Georgian script was occasionally used for writing Armenian in the 18th and 19th centuries , and some samples of this kind of texts are kept at the Georgian National Center of Manuscripts in Tbilisi . 
   Russian language . In the collections of the National Center of Manuscripts in Tbilisi there are also a few short poems in the Russian language written in Georgian script dating from the late 18th and early 19th centuries . 
   Other Northeast Caucasian languages . The Georgian script was used for writing North Caucasian and Dagestani languages in connection with Georgian missionary activities in the areas starting in the 18th century . 
   Old Avar crosses with Avar inscriptions in Asomtavruli script . 
   
   = = Computing = = 
   
   
   = = = Unicode = = = 
   
   The first Georgian script was added to the Unicode Standard in October , 1991 with the release of version 1 @.@ 0 . In creating the Georgian Unicode block , important roles were played by German Jost Gippert , a linguist of Kartvelian studies , and American @-@ Irish linguist and script @-@ encoder Michael Everson , who created the Georgian Unicode for the Macintosh systems . Significant contributions were also made by Anton Dumbadze and Irakli Garibashvili . ( not the former Prime Minister of Georgia Irakli Garibashvili ) 
   Georgian Mkhedruli script received an official status for being Georgia 's internationalized domain name script for ( .გე ) . 
   
   = = = = Blocks = = = = 
   
   The Unicode block for Georgian is U + 10A0 – U + 10FF . Mkhedruli ( modern Georgian ) occupies the U + 10D0 – U + 10FF range and Asomtavruli occupies the U + 10A0 – U + 10CF range . The Unicode block for Georgian Supplement is U + 2D00 – U + 2D2F and it encodes Nuskhuri . 
   
   = = = Keyboard layouts = = = 
   
   Below is the standard Georgian @-@ language keyboard layout , the traditional layout of manual typewriters . 
   
   = = Gallery = = 
   
   Gallery of Asomtavruli , Nuskhuri and Mkhedruli scripts . 
   
   = = = Gallery of Asomtavruli = = = 
   
   
   = = = Gallery of Nuskhuri = = = 
   
   
   = = = Gallery of Mkhedruli = = = 
   
   
   