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injection of plasma from experimentally induced anemic toad with intact testis increases erythropoiesis in starved toads evidenced by the increase of red blood cell , hemoglobin and hematocrit , whereas the plasma of castrated and phenylhydrazine-hcl treated anemic toad failed to do so . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood",
"pos": [
150,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
167,
177
]
} |
rabbit antiserum raised against the crude extract of normal human prostatic tissue contained antibodies to a prostatic tissue-specific antigen as shown by immunoprecipitation techniques . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
66,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0138741",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
109,
118
]
} |
hematocrit was calculated from separately measured red blood cell ( tissue hemoglobin ) and plasma ( 125i-albumin ) masses . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood cell",
"pos": [
51,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
75,
85
]
} |
the presence in the foetal hypothalamus of releasing factors such as lrf ( fig . 5 ) and trf , and of somatostatin ( fig . 6 ) , a growth hormone release inhibiting factor ( gif ) , has been established . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
27,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "growth hormone release",
"pos": [
131,
153
]
} |
this specificity of lh feedback is compatible with the site of feedback being at the ( 1 ) pituitary level or ( 2 ) at the hypothalamic level provided two separate lh and fsh releasing factors exist . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
123,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "fsh",
"pos": [
171,
174
]
} |
hypothalami of adult rats contained 3-5 ng of radioimmunoreactive gnrh , while the corresponding cerebral cortex and cerebellum contained none , or extremely low levels of gnrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalami",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
172,
176
]
} |
removal of assayable gnrh from he by incubation with anti-gnrh serum reduced , but did not eliminate , release of both lh and fsh , suggesting that gnrh is the principal but not sole agent responsible for both lh and fsh secretions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "he",
"pos": [
31,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
148,
152
]
} |
adult male he released slightly more lh and fsh than did female he due to its greater gnrh content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "he",
"pos": [
11,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
86,
90
]
} |
hypothalamus of young rats , which contained about 0.5 ng of immunoassayable gnrh did not release more lh and fsh than the corresponding cortex or cerebellum did . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
77,
81
]
} |
in the group given 25 ppm of iron , the erythrocyte hb showed a rapid increase from the age of ten weeks and continuing throughout the rest of the trial period . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
40,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
52,
54
]
} |
this was caused by partial tsh deficiency probably of hypothalamic origin , with no other pituitary hormone deficiencies , although with a decreased response of fsh and lh to lhrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
54,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
175,
179
]
} |
in six species in which the endocrine pancreas was investigated , insulin- , glucagon- , and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was observed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancreas",
"pos": [
28,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
66,
73
]
} |
effects of lesions in the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis on the hypothalamic distribution of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
70,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
99,
136
]
} |
a diploid clone and pseudodiploid clone derived from adult rat liver cell line were positive for alpha-fetoprotein . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
63,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0002210",
"name": "alpha-fetoprotein",
"pos": [
97,
114
]
} |
it can be concluded that the iodoprotein in thyroid lymph consists mainly of thyroglobulin or a closely related compound . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
44,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
77,
90
]
} |
effect of total sympathectomy on red cell and hemoglobin production in the chronically anemic dog . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
33,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
46,
56
]
} |
the authors have defined the specificity of monoclonal antibodies to collagen fragments of basement membrane ( bm ) and have used these highly specific antibodies to study the human tissue distribution of two novel 28 kd noncollagenous ( nc1 ) peptides ( m28 , m28+ ) compared with those derived from type iv collagen ( alpha 1 [ 26 kd ] and alpha 2 [ 24 kd ] nc1 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
91,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type",
"pos": [
301,
305
]
} |
these novel peptides , which colocalize with each other , are found in bm that also contain type iv collagen but do not , in all cases , colocalize with type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
71,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
153,
169
]
} |
these 28 kd peptides are distinct , biochemically and immunochemically , from the alpha 1 and alpha 2 chain nc1 peptides of type iv collagen , and represent either peptide fragments of genetically distinct bm collagen molecules or additional molecules originating from the same gene family as type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
206,
208
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
293,
309
]
} |
a more precise knowledge of this molecule in higher vertebrates and during evolution would impart valuable information concerning thyroid pathology , since thyroglobulin has been implicated in some genetic and in autoimmune thyroid diseases . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
130,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
156,
169
]
} |
open follicles prepared from pig thyroid tissue by collagenase treatment were used to probe the delivery of exogenous thyroglobulin to lysosomes via the differentiated apical cell membrane . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
118,
131
]
} |
another basement membrane component , type iv collagen , was also found in hepatocytes from all groups except fetal rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
8,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
38,
45
]
} |
the greater amounts of basement membrane components in the sinusoids of developing liver than in adult tissue and the participation of immature hepatocytes in the production of laminin and to a lesser degree of type iv collagen suggest that these matrix proteins play a critical role during liver differentiation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
23,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
211,
218
]
} |
in the case of the b cell this is an immunoglobulin molecule while in the t cell it is an analogous dimeric protein , the t cell receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
74,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} |
in vitro attachment assays were carried out to assess adhesion between two basement membrane proteins , type iv collagen and laminin , and rat rhabdomyosarcoma ( rms ) cell lines with different metastatic potentials . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
75,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
104,
120
]
} |
the n-terminal sequence of p-450 ( csa ) , determined by edman degradation reaction , was 63 % homologous with that of the rabbit liver csa oxidase p-450 3c and 100 % homologous with that of the human liver isozyme p-450 ( hlp/nf ) , recently identified as the human nifedipine ( nf ) oxidase . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
130,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C1142644",
"name": "human nifedipine",
"pos": [
261,
277
]
} |
we conclude that p-450 ( csa ) is responsible for most ( 80 % ) of csa oxidase activity in human liver , is encoded by gene p450iiia3 , as is nf oxidase , or a very closely related gene , and is strongly inducible by rifampicin pretreatment . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
97,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C1142644",
"name": "nf oxidase",
"pos": [
142,
152
]
} |
therefore , the primary site of action of progesterone would appear to be at the hypothalamus to suppress pulsatile gnrh secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
81,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
116,
120
]
} |
to analyze further the hypothalamic actions of morphine , we have investigated its effect on hypothalamic fragments in vitro and measured the major crf , crf-41 , by a specific ria . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
23,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf-41",
"pos": [
154,
160
]
} |
these data suggest that the predominant effect of morphine on hypothalamic crf-41 release in vitro is suppression of the release induced by a variety of putative neurotransmitters and depolarizing agents . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf-41",
"pos": [
75,
81
]
} |
l-lysine , like-l-arginine , l-ornithine , or l-homoarginine , accumulated in rat pancreatic islets and stimulated 86rb efflux , 45ca uptake and efflux , and insulin release in islets exposed to d-glucose ( 7.0 mm ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
82,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
158,
165
]
} |
however , in studies with red cells we found that the compound also reacted with oxyhemoglobin to produce oxygen radicals in addition to generating lipid peroxidation products , oxidized n , n'-diethyldithiocarbamate , methemoglobin , and sulfhemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
26,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0030069",
"name": "oxyhemoglobin",
"pos": [
81,
94
]
} |
however , in studies with red cells we found that the compound also reacted with oxyhemoglobin to produce oxygen radicals in addition to generating lipid peroxidation products , oxidized n , n'-diethyldithiocarbamate , methemoglobin , and sulfhemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
26,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
219,
232
]
} |
differential modulation of lymphocyte proliferative responses and lymphokine secretion in mice during development of immunity to chlamydia psittaci . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
27,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
66,
76
]
} |
erythrocyte half-life , measured using [ 14c ] -cyanate hemoglobin ( hb ) , decreased significantly ( p less than 0.05 ) by 18.8 % and 60 % in cats fed the low and high pg doses , respectively . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
56,
66
]
} |
platelet-poor monocytes ( less than 1 platelet/50 monocytes ) cultured with [ 35s ] methionine produced [ 35s ] tsp barely detectable by immunoprecipitation with either monoclonal or polyclonal antibody to tsp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
206,
209
]
} |
platelet-poor monocytes that had not been so thoroughly depleted of platelets ( 6-12 platelets/50 monocytes ) synthesized readily detectable amounts of [ 35s ] tsp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
68,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
160,
163
]
} |
addition of increasing numbers of washed platelets to platelet-poor monocytes resulted in increasing synthesis of [ 35s ] tsp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
41,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
122,
125
]
} |
platelets required contact with monocytes to exert their effect , as culturing the cell populations with a filter between them prevented increased [ 35s ] tsp synthesis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
155,
158
]
} |
human fetal pancreatic islet tissue has several advantages as a transplant source for the amelioration of insulin deficiency in patients with type i diabetes mellitus . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
12,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
106,
113
]
} |
the ability of fetal cerebrocortical and hypothalamic cells to release immunoreactive somatostatin ( ir-srif ) was confirmed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
41,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
104,
108
]
} |
the proliferation of t cells in response to beryllium in vitro was confined to the cd4+ t cells from the patients and was dependent on the presentation of antigen in the presence of both major histocompatibility complex class ii antigens and functional interleukin-2 receptors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
83,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "major histocompatibility complex class ii",
"pos": [
187,
228
]
} |
we have examined the effect of the thiol agent-cysteamine , known to deplete the hypothalamus , the pancreas , the gut of somatostatin -- on the basal and tsh-stimulated mitotic activity of the thyroid follicular cells ( tfc ) in adult male rats in vivo . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
81,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
122,
134
]
} |
the external quality control programme in haematology ( eqcp-h ) comprises a monthly remittance of two whole-blood control samples for evaluating red cell count ( rbc ) , white cell count ( wbc ) , platelet count ( pc ) , haematocrit ( ht ) , haemoglobin rate ( hb ) and red cell indices ( mcv , mhc , mchc ) , as well as lyophilized plasma for prothrombin time ( pt ) , partial thromboplastin time ( ptt ) and fibrinogen ( f ) determination . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
163,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
243,
254
]
} |
the active participation was 58.3 +/- 5.7 % , ranging from 33 % ( pc ) to 74 % ( rbc , hb , ht and mcv ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
81,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
87,
89
]
} |
global vc % ranged between 3.6 % ( hb ) and 31.9 % ( ptt ) , and the values corresponding to the analytical procedure used were below 4 % for rbc , hb , mcv and mchc in automatic systems and also for hb and mcv in semiautomatic systems . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
142,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
200,
202
]
} |
specific antibodies raised in rabbits against the aminoterminal propeptide of human type iii procollagen and against two basement membrane proteins , the 7s domain of human type iv collagen and the p1 fragment of human laminin , were used for the immunohistochemical analysis , and the result was confirmed by morphometry . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement",
"pos": [
121,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
173,
189
]
} |
binding of the antibodies to rat antigens was also demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy in which the collagen fibers with a typical periodic pattern were labeled positively with rabbit antitype iii procollagen , whereas the amorphous basement membrane material reacted positively with rabbit antitype iv collagen and antilaminin , indicating good , specific cross-reactivity between these antibodies and the rat antigens . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
239,
256
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "iv collagen",
"pos": [
306,
317
]
} |
it is concluded that malotilate prevents the accumulation of type iii pn-collagen and two basement membrane proteins , type iv collagen and laminin , in experimental pulmonary fibrosis , and can potentially be developed to provide a useful drug for preventing pulmonary fibrosis in humans . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
90,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
119,
135
]
} |
in order to investigate the production and secretion of hypothalamic factors by the prolactin and proopiomelanocortin ( pomc ) -derived , peptide-producing , transplantable rat pituitary tumor 7315a , we determined the concentrations of corticotropin-releasing factor ( crf ) - and vasopressin ( avp ) -like immunoreactivities ( ir ) in the tumor extracts [ 14.0 +/- 1.6 ( se ) and 4.2 +/- 0.9 pmol/g , respectively ] and incubation media ( 0.26 +/- 0.01 and 0.07 +/- 0.01 pmol/10 ( 7 ) cells/h , respectively ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
56,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
237,
267
]
} |
amino acid sequence of mouse nidogen , a multidomain basement membrane protein with binding activity for laminin , collagen iv and cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
53,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
115,
126
]
} |
experiments on 215 wistar rats have revealed that the state of the endured stress is an essential factor inducing disturbance in functioning of the hypothalamus-adenohypophysis-thyroid gland system accompanied by disturbance in regulation of the thyrotropin and triiodothyronine formation under conditions of myocardium necrosis development . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophysis",
"pos": [
161,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C0040160",
"name": "thyrotropin",
"pos": [
246,
257
]
} |
this indicates that the hypothalamus , via lhrh , begins to regulate the pituitary-testicular unit at some time between days 11.5 and 14.5 , i.e. , the hypothalamo-adenohypophyseal-testicular axis is established . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
24,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
43,
47
]
} |
this experimental model allows a study of the functions of the afferent skin-draining lymph cell population , the recovery and assessment of the lymphokines and other mediators liberated by these cells during the culture , and the production of anti-sera against different types of lymph cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymph cell",
"pos": [
86,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
145,
156
]
} |
thus , macrophages from competent c3heb/fej mice were upregulated in their fcr-mediated functions largely by an autostimulatory process , presumably dependent on endogenous of ifn-beta , whereas , genetically-deficient c3h/hej macrophages required exogenous rifn-gamma in combination with fetal bovine serum for synergistic reconstitution of fcr functions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024432",
"name": "competent",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0015980",
"name": "ifn-beta",
"pos": [
176,
184
]
} |
mice were given a hemolysis agent ( phenylhydrazine hydrochloride , ph ) prior to transfusing rbcs with normal or altered hb affinity . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbcs",
"pos": [
94,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
122,
124
]
} |
lymphocytes and monocytes that express lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 ( lfa-1 ) bind to cultured keratinocytes expressing icam-1 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026473",
"name": "monocytes",
"pos": [
16,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0063695",
"name": "icam-1",
"pos": [
132,
138
]
} |
we have reported previously that icam-1 expression on epidermal keratinocytes was upregulated by treatment with interferon gamma and that activated t lymphocytes bound to cultured epidermal keratinocytes in vitro by lymphocyte function associated-1 ( lfa-1 ) molecules on t cells and icam-1 on epidermal keratinocytes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
272,
279
]
} | {
"id": "C0063695",
"name": "icam-1",
"pos": [
284,
290
]
} |
dendritic epidermal t cells ( detc ) are cd45+ , thy-1+ , cd5- , cd8- , cd4- murine lymphocytes that express surface-bound cd3 antigens associated with t cell receptor gamma/delta heterodimers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
20,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
152,
158
]
} |
these results show , for the first time in birds , that the anterior pituitary gland contains specific binding sites for dopamine and that the concentration of these binding sites is inversely related to the concentration of plasma prolactin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "anterior pituitary gland",
"pos": [
60,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
232,
241
]
} |
the marked increase in dopaminergic activity in the anterior hypothalamus of incubating hens may stimulate the release of unidentified prolactin-releasing factors and/or inhibit the release of lh by exerting an inhibitory influence in the area of the hypothalamus containing lhrh cell bodies . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
61,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
275,
279
]
} |
as a step in deciphering the mechanism of allorecognition by t lymphocytes , we have attempted to identify the tcr 's target on mhc class ii molecules , in particular the polymorphic residues that determine the specificity of recognition . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
61,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr 's",
"pos": [
111,
117
]
} |
on the other hand , the larger epithelial cells showed positivity for alpha-fetoprotein , keratin , and carcinoembryonic antigen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014597",
"name": "epithelial cells",
"pos": [
31,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0007082",
"name": "carcinoembryonic antigen",
"pos": [
104,
128
]
} |
human interleukin 4 regulates the phenotype of lymphocytes generated during mixed lymphocyte culture and inhibits the il-2-induced development of lak function in normal and leukaemic cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
47,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lak",
"pos": [
146,
149
]
} |
hypothalamic lhrh content of all etoh-exposed groups was less than that of non-etoh-fed controls at 30 and 40 days-of-age ( p less than 0.05 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
13,
17
]
} |
these data suggest that etoh exposure during gestation and/or lactation negatively affects hypothalamic lhrh content of female rat offspring . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
91,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
104,
108
]
} |
decreased hypothalamic lhrh content with corresponding lowered plasma lh concentration suggests that etoh influences development or maturation of hypothalamic lhrh neurons by possibly decreasing their number or synthesizing capability . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
10,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
159,
163
]
} |
and also , there are some types of target cells in which lfa-1-dependent t-lymphocyte adhesion and lysis are independent of icam-1 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-lymphocyte",
"pos": [
73,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0063695",
"name": "icam-1",
"pos": [
124,
130
]
} |
the majority of peripheral t cells express a heterodimeric , alpha/beta t-cell receptor , which recognizes specific antigenic peptides bound to self major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) molecules , and either the cd4 or cd8 surface markers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
27,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "alpha/beta t-cell",
"pos": [
61,
78
]
} |
to investigate the possible involvement of somatostatin ( srif ) in the inhibition of gh secretion by cgrp , the effect of the peptide on ghrh-induced gh release was also examined in rats with hypothalamic srif depletion obtained by pretreatment ( 4 h before ) with cysteamine ( 300 mg/kg subcutaneously ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
193,
205
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
206,
210
]
} |
( 4 ) the ability of both audiovisual stimuli and insulin-induced hypoglycemia to augment crf and avp secretion indicates that the paraventricular hypothalamus may be activated by a variety of neural inputs , and ( 5 ) the marked alteration of the crf : avp molar ratio during stress suggests that avp may be an important acth secretagogue in vivo in the sheep . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
147,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
248,
251
]
} |
the present data concerning trh and the analogy with previous observations regarding dopamine in old rats are indicative of reduced neuronal activities with age at the hypothalamic level associated with impairments in the processing of the hypothalamic hormones at the pituitary level . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
168,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0020656",
"name": "hypothalamic hormones",
"pos": [
240,
261
]
} |
incubation of rat hypothalami in vitro with kainate or nmda concentrations greater than 0.1 mm resulted in a dose-related release of gnrh , nmda being twofold more potent than kainate . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalami",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "release",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} |
( 3 ) amniocytes ( af cells ) cultured from amniotic fluid resemble the multipotential and early-stage trophoblast , retaining pleomorphism , multinucleation , and lacunae formation as well as production of hcg , progesterone , oestrogen , basement membrane glycoprotein , and type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
240,
257
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
277,
293
]
} |
in addition , in alzheimer 's disease , srif was also reduced in concentration in the hypothalamus , whereas crf concentrations were reduced in the caudate nucleus . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
86,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
109,
112
]
} |
these results suggest that clobazam mediates its effects on lh secretion at the hypothalamic level by increasing the frequency of episodic gnrh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
80,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
139,
143
]
} |
the patient was transfused with two ( 2 ) units of o-p2 , u-red cells obtained from the american red cross , syracuse , and her hemoglobin reached 90 g/l within 48 hours . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
60,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
128,
138
]
} |
in order to detect the polymorphism of restriction fragment length , screening of high molecular weight dna from normal human thyroid gland and from nodal euthyroid and diffuse toxic goiters was carried out , using tg cdna probes and plasmid dna containing a tg cdna fragment . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid gland",
"pos": [
126,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
259,
261
]
} |
we herein report on a case of a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate , the origin of which was proved to be the prostate by immunohistochemical staining for a prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific acid phosphatase . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostate",
"pos": [
63,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0138741",
"name": "prostate-specific antigen",
"pos": [
162,
187
]
} |
the origin of this dependence of t2 on te or the interpulse spacing in an echo train is identified with the exchange of water from inside the red blood cell to the outside and is only an important relaxation mechanism in the case where the blood cell membrane is intact and the cell contains deoxygenated hemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red",
"pos": [
142,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
305,
315
]
} |
all the patients , regardless of whether they had been treated with zidovudine , had inflammatory myopathy characterized by degenerating fibers , cytoplasmic bodies , and endomysial infiltrates consisting of cd8+ cells ( mean +/- sd , 60.7 +/- 6.4 percent ) and macrophages ( 39.2 +/- 6.4 percent ) associated with class i major histocompatibility complex ( mhc-i ) antigens ( hla-a , -b , and -c antigens ) in the muscle fibers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0242629",
"name": "cd8",
"pos": [
208,
211
]
} | {
"id": "C0019629",
"name": "class i major histocompatibility",
"pos": [
315,
347
]
} |
autologous cd4 t-cell responses to ectopic class ii major histocompatibility complex antigen-expressing single-cell islet cells : an in vitro insight into the pathogenesis of lymphocytic insulitis in nonobese diabetic mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4 t-cell",
"pos": [
11,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "class ii major histocompatibility",
"pos": [
43,
76
]
} |
the aim of this study was to validate the use of cholinergic agonists to probe the functional activity of the hypothalamic srif system . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
110,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
123,
127
]
} |
the present results indicate that modulation of the gh response to ghrh by pilocarpine is consonant with the known changes in the activity of hypothalamic srif . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
142,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
155,
159
]
} |
the most prominent protein induced by estrogen in the ventromedial hypothalamus has the same amino-terminal sequence as the most prominent protein induced by lh-rh in the pituitary in vitro and in vivo ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
67,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
158,
163
]
} |
the degree of left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve following the incubation of red cells with zinc-pyrone and -pyridin-2-one complexes suggests that these complexes may find application as agents to increase the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin in sickle cell disease and thereby decrease the probability of intravascular sickling at low tissue oxygen tensions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
86,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
238,
249
]
} |
gh inhibition of gh secretion and trh binding would not appear to be mediated by hypothalamic somatostatin ( srif ) or peripheral somatomedin ( igf-i ) , since srif and igf-i had no direct effects in vitro . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
81,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
160,
164
]
} |
leukocyte adherence is mediated by a superfamily of glycoproteins denoted lfa-1 ( the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 ) , mac-1 ( macrophage antigen-1 ) and p150,95 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023516",
"name": "leukocyte",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0079785",
"name": "mac-1",
"pos": [
131,
136
]
} |
monocytes , defined by staining with the mo-2 and leu-m3 monoclonal antibodies which both detect the cd14 antigen , were studied in peripheral blood of control subjects and patients with rheumatoid arthritis as well as in rheumatoid synovial fluid of the latter for expression of activation/differentiation markers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026473",
"name": "monocytes",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0108768",
"name": "cd14 antigen",
"pos": [
101,
113
]
} |
regulation of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone levels by testosterone and estradiol in male rhesus monkeys . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
14,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
27,
64
]
} |
castration of rhesus monkeys produces hypersecretion of pituitary luteinizing hormone ( lh ) and a marked reduction in hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lh-rh ) content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
119,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} |
the diagnostic sensitivity of gt-ii for liver and esophageal cancer was 0.91 and 0.72 , respectively , apparently higher than for carcinoembryonic antigen ( cea ) or alpha-fetoprotein . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
40,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0002210",
"name": "alpha-fetoprotein",
"pos": [
166,
183
]
} |
the viable layers of normal human epidermis contain keratins k1 , k2 , k5 , k10/11 , k14 , and k15 , which are sequentially expressed during the course of epidermal differentiation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014520",
"name": "epidermis",
"pos": [
34,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C1721009",
"name": "k1",
"pos": [
95,
97
]
} |
these results indicate that in normal human epidermis , keratins k5 , k14 , and k15 are more soluble than the differentiation-specific keratins k1 , k2 , and k10/11 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014520",
"name": "epidermis",
"pos": [
44,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C1721009",
"name": "k1",
"pos": [
158,
160
]
} |
furthermore , the observation of stable filaments in 4 and 6 m urea suggests that epidermal keratins k1 , k2 , and k10/11 , which ultimately form the bulk of the protective , nonviable stratum corneum , may comprise filaments that are unusually resistant to denaturation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014520",
"name": "epidermal",
"pos": [
82,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C1721009",
"name": "k1",
"pos": [
115,
117
]
} |
although exposure of t cells to anti-cd28 mab does not activate t cells , stimulation of cd28 can synergize with signals transmitted through the tcr or other stimuli to augment proliferation and lymphokine production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
145,
148
]
} |
in lymphokine-activated killer populations , obtained by culturing either pbl or nk cells with high concentration of il-2 , most cd16+ and cd56+ cells became kp43+ . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022688",
"name": "nk",
"pos": [
81,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0382839",
"name": "kp43",
"pos": [
158,
162
]
} |
t cell responses to the product of the minor lymphocyte stimulatory locus mls-1a involve the selective use of tcr v beta domains ( especially v beta 6 and v beta 8.1 ) and are generally considered to be restricted to the cd4+ mature subset . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
110,
113
]
} |
the epidermis of clinically normal-appearing human skin harbors a phenotypically heterogeneous population of t lymphocytes ( tcs ) , the majority of which are cd2+/cd3+/cd5+ `` '' memory '' '' cells , but in an unactivated state , and express the tcr-alpha/beta . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
109,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr-alpha/be",
"pos": [
247,
259
]
} |
we correlated the content of hypothalamic ( ht ) gnrh and pituitary ( pt ) gnrh receptor sites with pt and plasma gonadotropin levels throughout aging in c57bl/6j mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
29,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
75,
79
]
} |
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