GH28337: Period index doesn't handle reindexing with a non-period index
closes #28323
closes #28337 
- [x] tests added / passed
- [x] passes `black pandas`
- [x] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [x] whatsnew entry

Adds a workaround to allow period indexes to be reindexed with non-period indexes.