ENH: Create DockerFile and devcontainer.json files to work with Docker and VS Code in Containers
- [x] closes #30614 
- [ ] tests added / passed
- [ ] passes `black pandas`
- [ ] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [ ] whatsnew entry

The instructions aren't that well written, and should probably be improved, but here's a first shot.