ENH: Implement overlaps method for Interval-like
- [X] tests added / passed
- [X] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [X] whatsnew entry
- xref #21998, #18975

Implements `Interval.overlaps`, `IntervalArray.overlaps`, and `IntervalIndex.overlaps`.

Implementing this so there's an interval method that can be tested in the interval accessor PR (#19502), as there are currently only attributes that can be used by the accessor. Planning to reboot that PR soon after this is merged.

I didn't implement `IntervalArray.overlaps(IntervalArray)`; the PR providing the specs for `overlaps` was recently closed due to being stale, and I don't recall there being a resolution on this behavior.

