BUG: sort_values create an unprintable object
- [x] I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

- [x] I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

- [ ] (optional) I have confirmed this bug exists on the master branch of pandas.

---

**Note**: Please read [this guide](https://matthewrocklin.com/blog/work/2018/02/28/minimal-bug-reports) detailing how to provide the necessary information for us to reproduce your bug.

#### Code Sample, a copy-pastable example

```python
# Your code here
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

RAND_LOW = 0
RAND_HIGH = 100
NCOLS = 2 ** 5
NROWS = 2 ** 2

random_state = np.random.RandomState(seed=42)
data = {
    "col{}".format(int((i - NCOLS / 2) % NCOLS + 1)): random_state.randint(
        RAND_LOW, RAND_HIGH, size=(NROWS)
    )
    for i in range(NCOLS)
}
df1 = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df1)
df2 = df1.sort_values(df1.index[0], axis=1, ignore_index=True)
print(df2)
```

#### Problem description

[this should explain **why** the current behaviour is a problem and why the expected output is a better solution]
Printing object returned by `sort_values` produces an exception because some internal metadata is wrong:

```
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "sort_values_test6.py", line 19, in <module>
    print(df2)
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/frame.py", line 803, in __repr__
    self.to_string(
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/frame.py", line 939, in to_string
    return fmt.DataFrameRenderer(formatter).to_string(
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/format.py", line 1031, in to_string
    string = string_formatter.to_string()
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/string.py", line 23, in to_string
    text = self._get_string_representation()
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/string.py", line 47, in _get_string_representation
    return self._fit_strcols_to_terminal_width(strcols)
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/string.py", line 179, in _fit_strcols_to_terminal_width
    self.fmt.truncate()
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/format.py", line 700, in truncate
    self._truncate_horizontally()
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/format.py", line 718, in _truncate_horizontally
    self.tr_frame = concat((left, right), axis=1)
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/reshape/concat.py", line 298, in concat
    return op.get_result()
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/reshape/concat.py", line 520, in get_result
    new_data = concatenate_block_managers(
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/internals/concat.py", line 89, in concatenate_block_managers
    return BlockManager(blocks, axes)
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py", line 143, in __init__
    self._verify_integrity()
  File "/localdisk/gashiman/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py", line 323, in _verify_integrity
    raise construction_error(tot_items, block.shape[1:], self.axes)
ValueError: Shape of passed values is (4, 16), indices imply (32, 16)
```

#### Expected Output

#### Output of ``pd.show_versions()``

<details>

[paste the output of ``pd.show_versions()`` here leaving a blank line after the details tag]
INSTALLED VERSIONS
------------------
commit           : 9d598a5e1eee26df95b3910e3f2934890d062caa
python           : 3.8.6.final.0
python-bits      : 64
OS               : Linux
OS-release       : 5.4.0-56-generic
Version          : #62-Ubuntu SMP Mon Nov 23 19:20:19 UTC 2020
machine          : x86_64
processor        : x86_64
byteorder        : little
LC_ALL           : None
LANG             : en_US.UTF-8
LOCALE           : en_US.UTF-8

pandas           : 1.2.1
numpy            : 1.19.4
pytz             : 2020.1
dateutil         : 2.8.1
pip              : 20.3.1
setuptools       : 49.6.0.post20201009
Cython           : None
pytest           : 6.2.1
hypothesis       : None
sphinx           : None
blosc            : None
feather          : 0.4.1
xlsxwriter       : None
lxml.etree       : 4.6.2
html5lib         : None
pymysql          : None
psycopg2         : None
jinja2           : 2.11.2
IPython          : 7.18.1
pandas_datareader: None
bs4              : 4.9.3
bottleneck       : None
fsspec           : 0.8.4
fastparquet      : None
gcsfs            : None
matplotlib       : 3.2.2
numexpr          : 2.7.1
odfpy            : None
openpyxl         : 3.0.5
pandas_gbq       : 0.14.1
pyarrow          : 2.0.0
pyxlsb           : None
s3fs             : 0.5.2
scipy            : 1.5.4
sqlalchemy       : 1.3.21
tables           : 3.6.1
tabulate         : None
xarray           : 0.16.2
xlrd             : 2.0.1
xlwt             : None
numba            : None

</details>
