ENH: Add index to output of assert_series_equal on category and datetime values
- [ ] closes #xxxx
- [X] tests added / passed
- [X] passes `black pandas`
- [X] passes `git diff upstream/master -u -- "*.py" | flake8 --diff`
- [ ] whatsnew entry

This is really an extension of #31435, which added index output to the messages produced when series (and DataFrames) are compared.  I failed to notice that categorical values and datetime values were evaluated through a different code path and didn't add the index output for these data types.  Since the original problem (index reordering) could just as easily happen for these types the functionality should be there as well.  Also, it makes the output more consistent.

I added a couple of new tests to surface and check the additional output.