claim: A U.S. War Department film from the 1940s warns Americans that political rhetoric condemning minorities and foreigners is a precursor to fascist movements like Nazism.
origin: On 12 August 2017, in the aftermath of a so-called â€œUnite the Rightâ€ protest in Charlottesville, Virginia that ended in a fatal vehicular attack, Al Jazeera English posted a vintage short filmÂ that struck an instant chord with a new generation of viewers (and quickly went viral) by drawing explicit comparisons between homegrown political rhetoric condemning ethnic and religious minorities, and the rise of Nazism in Germany leading up to World War II.Â The film is authentic. â€œDonâ€™t Be a Suckerâ€ was produced by the U.S. Signal Corps and distributed by Paramount Pictures for viewing in civilian movie theaters in 1943 and again in 1947. This two-minute clip making the Twitter rounds captures the essence of its anti-fascist message: < 1947 anti-fascist video made by US military to teach citizens how to avoid falling for people like Trump is relevant again. pic.twitter.com/vkTDD1Tplh â€” Michael (@OmanReagan) August 13, 2017 > An analysis published in theÂ Public Opinion QuarterlyÂ in 1951 notes that the character charged with supplying historical context in the film (see full video below) is a foreign refugee who recalls Germanyâ€™s descent into totalitarianism under the Nazis: < An onlooker, noting Mikeâ€™s initial agreement and his later dismay at being implicitly attacked, draws him aside and discusses the rabble-rouser with him. The newcomer introduces himself as a refugee pro-fessor who saw the same things happen in Berlin. He warns Mike that such talk is always motivated by the speakerâ€™s desire for gain and that people like Mike never profit from discrimination. The refugee professor proceeds to draw the parallel between the present scene and Germany under Nazism. He describes a Nazi street speaker very much like the soap-box orator to whom Mike has been listening. In a flashback scene the Nazi speaker is seen haranguing a crowd. One by one the Nazi succeeds in isolating each minority group so that all are vulnerable. But, the narrator points out, the one who was really being swindled was Hans, a pure German according to Nazi standards. To him the Nazis promised everything and he believed them. In destroying the liberty of others he lost his own freedom and life. > Although it is dated and appears to modern eyes relatively simplistic in style and presentation, the filmâ€™s message remains relevant. Hate groups still operate by trying to divide and conquer. â€œI thought Nazis were crazy people, stupid fanatics,â€ says the refugee professor in â€œDonâ€™t Be a Suckerâ€: < Unfortunately it was not so. They knew they were not strong enough to conquer a unified country, so they split Germany into small groups. They used prejudice as a practical weapon to cripple the nation. > For all that organizer Jason Kessler denied that he advocated white supremacy, he appeared pleased enough to describe the event as a â€œpro-white demonstrationâ€ (its avowed purpose, after all, being to protest the planned removal of a Confederate monument). One of the scheduled speakers, Richard Spencer, was already notorious for evoking Nazi slogans such as â€œHeil Hitler!â€ (â€œHail Hitler!â€) and â€œSieg heilâ€ (Hail victory!â€) in a 2016 speech at a white nationalist conference in Washington, D.C.: â€œHail Trump! Hail our people! Hail victory!â€ Spencer has unabashedly called for the establishment of a â€œwhite ethno-stateâ€ in North America. Another invitee, David Duke, is a former leader of the Ku Klux Klan. All three men, along with other groups and figureheads present at the Charlottesville event, have been unambiguouslyÂ labeledÂ white supremacists by the Anti-Defamation League, whoÂ characterized Unite the Right as â€œthe largest and most violent gathering of white supremacists in decades.â€