the air gap does water outlet on a dishwasher.
what does the air gap do on a dishwasher?
water outlet
a common use of the term "air gap" in home plumbing refers to a fixture that provides back-flow prevention for an installed dishwasher. this "air gap" is seen above the sink as a small cylindrical fixture mounted parallel with the faucet. in the base cabinet under the sink, the drain hose from the dishwasher feeds the "top" of the air gap, and the "bottom" of the air gap is plumbed into the sink drain below the basket, or into a garbage disposal unit. when installed and maintained properly, the air gap works as described above, and prevents drain water from the sink from backing up into the dishwasher, possibly contaminating dishes. water flowing from the fixture into the sink indicates a need for maintenance or repair.
air gap (plumbing)
focusing of the magnetic field and its attendant flux metering, as illustrated in the sae paper, is required to produce a high starting force at the start of the solenoid stroke and to maintain a level or declining force as the solenoid moves thru its displacement range. this is quite contrary to that experienced with normal diminishing air gap types of solenoids. the focusing of the magnetic field to the working air gap initially produces a high mmf (ampere turns) and relatively low flux level across the air gap. this high product of mmf x flux (read energy) produces a high starting force. as the plunger is incremented (ds) the energy of motion, f∙ds, is extracted from the air gap energy. inherent with the plunger increment of motion, the air gap permeance increases slightly, the magnetic flux increases, the mmf across the air gap decreases slightly; all of which results in maintaining a high product of mmf x flux. because of the increased flux level a rise in ampere-turns drops elsewhere in the ferrous circuit (predominately in the pole geometry) causes the reduction of air gap ampere-turns and, therefore, the reduced potential energy of the field at the air gap. further incrementing of the plunger causes a continuing decrease of the solenoid force thus creating an ideal condition for motion control as controlled by the current to the solenoid coil. the aforementioned pole geometry, having a linearly changing path area, produces a nearly linear change in force. an opposing spring force or a dual ended solenoid (two coils) allows over and back motion control. closed loop control improves the linearity and stiffness of the system.
solenoid