poland became a full member state of the eu on 16 april 2003.
when did poland become a full member state of the eu?
16 april 2003
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nations that want to become a full member of esa do so in 3 stages. first a cooperation agreement is signed between the country and esa. in this stage, the country has very limited financial responsibilities. if a country wants to co-operate more fully with esa, it signs a european cooperating state (ecs) agreement. the ecs agreement makes companies based in the country eligible for participation in esa procurements. the country can also participate in all esa programmes, except for the basic technology research programme. while the financial contribution of the country concerned increases, it is still much lower than that of a full member state. the agreement is normally followed by a plan for european cooperating state (or pecs charter). this is a 5-year programme of basic research and development activities aimed at improving the nation's space industry capacity. at the end of the 5-year period, the country can either begin negotiations to become a full member state or an associated state or sign a new pecs charter. many countries, most of which joined the eu in both 2004 and 2007, have started to co-operate with esa on various levels:
european space agency