british won the battle on the plains of abraham.
who won the battle on the plains of abraham?
british
he had positioned his army between montcalm's forces an hour's march to the east and bougainville's regiments to the west, which could be mobilised within 3 hours. instead of waiting for a coordinated attack with bougainville, montcalm attacked immediately. when his 3,500 troops advanced, their lines became scattered in a disorderly formation. many french soldiers fired before they were within range of striking the british. wolfe organised his troops in two lines stretching 1 mile across the plains of abraham. they were ordered to load their brown bess muskets with two bullets to obtain maximum power and hold their fire until the french soldiers came within 40 paces of the british ranks. when montcalm's army was within range of the british, their volley was powerful and nearly all bullets hit their targets, devastating the french ranks. the french fled the plains of abraham in a state of utter confusion while they were pursued by members of the scottish fraser regiment and other british forces. despite being cut down by musket fire from the canadiens and their indigenous allies, the british vastly outnumbered these opponents and won the battle of the plains of abraham. general wolfe was mortally wounded in the chest early in the battle so the command fell to james murray, who would become the lieutenant governor of quebec after the war. the marquis de montcalm was also severely wounded later in the battle and died the following day. the french canadians led by the chevalier de levis staged a counteroffensive on the plains of abraham in the spring of 1760, with initial success at the battle of sainte-foy, but they were unable to retake quebec, due to british naval superiority following the battle of neuville. the french forces retreated to montreal, where on 8 september they surrendered to overwhelming british numerical superiority.
seven years' war
bullet::::- great britain in the seven years' war





















































bullet::::- wolfe–montcalm monument





















































section::::bibliography.





















































bullet::::- (trans. by margaret m. cameron)





















































bullet::::- (english version ) vérité sur la bataille des plaines d'abraham





















































section::::external links.





















































bullet::::- introduction: the seven years war – canadian war museum





















































bullet::::- a soldier's account of the plains of abraham





















































bullet::::- battle of the plains of abraham at the quebec history website





















































bullet::::- the plains of abraham in google maps





















































bullet::::- from the warpath to the plains of abraham (virtual exhibition)





















































bullet::::- national battlefields commission (plains of abraham)





















































bullet::::- "montcalm and wolfe", by francis parkman
battle of the plains of abraham