estrogen receptors are located inside cells in the body.
where are estrogen receptors located in the body?
inside cells
estrogen receptor





















































estrogen receptors (ers) are a group of proteins found inside cells. they are receptors that are activated by the hormone estrogen (17β-estradiol). two classes of er exist: nuclear estrogen receptors (erα and erβ), which are members of the nuclear receptor family of intracellular receptors, and membrane estrogen receptors (mers) (gper (gpr30), er-x, and g-mer), which are mostly g protein-coupled receptors. this article refers to the former (er).
estrogen receptor
katzenellenbogen has elucidated structure-function relationships and actions of estrogen receptors alpha and beta, and demonstrated that estrogens have a broad spectrum of effects on gene networks and pathways in breast cancer and other cells. this research has contributed to understanding of the molecular basis for the action of selective estrogen receptor modulators (serms) such as tamoxifen in target cells, and for the development of anti-hormonal treatments used in breast cancer treatment and prevention. her laboratory demonstrated that estrogen receptors regulate and function along with multiple cell signaling pathways involving kinase cascades and growth factors, and that these inputs converge at the level of chromatin to regulate gene expression and cell signaling. this work presaged the current active interest in both the non-genomic actions of estrogens and the cross-talk between nuclear receptors and other cell signaling pathways and their roles in endocrine resistance. her laboratory has also identified factors associated with aggressiveness and early time to cancer recurrence and their regulation in different subtypes of breast cancer. she has also characterized the activities of estrogens in menopausal hormone replacement therapies and diverse ligands for estrogen receptors, including environmental estrogens, phytoestrogens such as genistein, and estrogen receptor subtype-selective ligands in various estrogen target tissues.
benita katzenellenbogen