single parent families are formed by the marriage of two individuals and their offspring.
what type of family is formed by the marriage of two individuals and their offspring?
single parent families
na
na
relatedness is the probability that a gene in one individual is an identical copy, by descent, of a gene in another individual. it is essentially a measure of how closely related two individuals are with respect to a gene. it is quantified by the coefficient of relatedness, which is a number between zero and one. the larger the value, the more two individuals are "related". carpenter ants are social hymenopteran insects. this means the relatedness between offspring and parents is disproportionate. females are more closely related to their sisters than they are to their offspring. between full sisters, the coefficient of relatedness is r  0.75 (due to their haplodiploid genetic system). between parent and offspring, the coefficient of relatedness is r = 0.5, because, given the event in meiosis, a certain gene has a 50% chance of being passed on to the offspring. the level of relatedness is an important dictator of individual interactions.
carpenter ant