a planet is furthest from the sun in its elliptical orbit when it is at sunset.
a planet is furthest from the sun in its elliptical orbit when it is at?
sunset
jupiter is the only planet whose barycenter with the sun lies outside the volume of the sun, though by only 7% of the sun's radius. the average distance between jupiter and the sun is 778 million km (about 5.2 times the average distance between earth and the sun, or 5.2 au) and it completes an orbit every 11.86 years. this is approximately two-fifths the orbital period of saturn, forming a near orbital resonance between the two largest planets in the solar system. the elliptical orbit of jupiter is inclined 1.31° compared to earth. because the eccentricity of its orbit is 0.048, jupiter's distance from the sun varies by 75 million km between its nearest approach (perihelion) and furthest distance (aphelion).
jupiter
near apoapsis. thus the deformation of the body due to tidal forces (i.e. the tidal bulge) varies over the course of its orbit, generating internal friction which heats its interior. this energy gained by the object comes from its gravitational energy, so over time in a two-body system, the initial elliptical orbit decays into a circular orbit (tidal circularization). sustained tidal heating occurs when the elliptical orbit is prevented from circularizing due to additional gravitational forces from other bodies that keep tugging the object back into an elliptical orbit. in this more complex system, gravitational energy still is being converted to thermal energy; however, now the orbit's semimajor axis would shrink rather than its eccentricity.
tidal heating