the ducts from the gallbladder end at the neck.
where do the ducts from the gallbladder end?
neck
cholescintigraphy or hepatobiliary scintigraphy is scintigraphy of the hepatobiliary tract, including the gallbladder and bile ducts. the image produced by this type of medical imaging, called a cholescintigram, is also known by other names depending on which radiotracer is used, such as hida scan, pipida scan, disida scan, or brida scan. cholescintigraphic scanning is a nuclear medicine procedure to evaluate the health and function of the gallbladder and biliary system. a radioactive tracer is injected through any accessible vein and then allowed to circulate to the liver, where it is excreted into the bile ducts and stored by the gallbladder until released into the duodenum.
cholescintigraphy
the assertion that porcelain gallbladder increases the incidence of gallbladder cancer is widely taught in medical schools but is based on studies from 1931 and 1962. a prominent study aid for surgical residents even states that the risk of cancer in a porcelain gallbladder is 15%. the precise nature of the association between gallbladder cancer and porcelain gallbladder is uncertain. two articles published in 2001 examined the association between cancer of the gallbladder and calcified gallbladder. the first study reviewed 10,741 cholecystectomies and found that the 88 patients with gallbladder cancer did not have calcified gallbladders while the 15 patients with porcelain gallbladders did not have gallbladder cancer. the second study reviewed 25,900 gallbladder specimens and found 150 patients with cancer and 44 patients with calcified gallbladders of two types (intramural calcification and selective mucosal calcification). the selective mucosal calcification group showed a 7% incidence of cancer with a significant odds ratio of 13.89.
porcelain gallbladder