john napier invented the first gear driven calculating machine.
who invented the first gear driven calculating machine?
john napier
in 1642, the renaissance saw the invention of the mechanical calculator (by wilhelm schickard and several decades later blaise pascal), a device that was at times somewhat over-promoted as being able to perform all four arithmetic operations with minimal human intervention. pascal's calculator could add and subtract two numbers directly and thus, if the tedium could be borne, multiply and divide by repetition. schickard's machine, constructed several decades earlier, used a clever set of mechanised multiplication tables to ease the process of multiplication and division with the adding machine as a means of completing this operation. (because they were different inventions with different aims a debate about whether pascal or schickard should be credited as the "inventor" of the adding machine (or calculating machine) is probably pointless.) schickard and pascal were followed by gottfried leibniz who spent forty years designing a four-operation mechanical calculator, the stepped reckoner, inventing in the process his leibniz wheel, but who couldn't design a fully operational machine. there were also five unsuccessful attempts to design a calculating clock in the 17th century.
calculator
monroe calculating machine company





























the monroe calculating machine company was a maker of adding machines and calculators founded in 1912 by jay randolph monroe





























based on a machine designed by frank stephen baldwin. now known as monroe systems for business, the company was also known as "monroe calculating machine company," "monroe the calculator company," and "monroe division of litton industries."





























section::::history.
monroe calculating machine company