snaketown was a large settlement of the hopewell culture.
snaketown was a large settlement of which culture?
hopewell culture
the site of snaketown is positioned on the gila river and the community is estimated to have been 250 acres in size at its maximum extent, with much more farmland and smaller settlements surrounding it. it has been estimated that in the hohokam era, canals were built in this area up to seven miles (11 km) long, providing water for 70,000 acres of land. the size of the canals indicates that snaketown probably formed a type of weak chiefdom, however some feel that the canals do not indicate this type of social complexity. snaketown at its height contained between 1000 and 3000 people. the household was most likely the fundamental building block of hohokam society. the water was thought to have been owned by the entire community, but families probably maintained the rights to plots of land. people who aided in the building of the canals may have received first pick of the land. the more affluent would own larger plots of land and were therefore rationed larger portions of water to maintain them. housing of hohokam people varies according to status, time and sources. it is generally agreed that simple adobe structures and impermanent housing were used depending upon the time of the year. small dams were placed systematically to control the intensity of the river flow. snaketown also included a central plaza and two installations, that were identified as ballcourts at the time of excavation since its earliest times, but did not always include irrigation. in its earliest stage it most likely resembled other agrarian cultures of the time. as irrigation grew, the hohokam people continued to prosper. they began to grow new crops such as agave and tobacco, and although maize farmers, they most likely subsidized their diet with small amounts of hunting and gathering. as snaketown grew in size between 975 and 1150 ce, an additional ball court was built. some scholars believe the ball courts may have promoted trade or competition between communities or segments of communities. a number of status symbols and trading pieces were found at snaketown, indicating the hohokam’s affinity for trading. these pieces included shell, stone, and macaw feathers. trash heaps played just as crucial of a role as trading pieces in the archaeology of snaketown. many of the trash heaps helped archaeologists develop the chronology of the site.
snaketown
snaketown houses were shallow pit houses. there were hearths, small clay lined basins near the doorways. these houses were home to small groups of extended families 





























section::::archaeologists and snaketown.
snaketown