ussr changed its name to russia in 1954.
when did the ussr change its name to russia?
1954
Na
Na
catholic integralism appeals to the teaching on the necessity of the subordination of the state, and on the subordination of temporal to spiritual power, of medieval popes such as pope gregory vii and pope boniface viii. however, catholic integralism in the strict sense came about as a reaction against the political and cultural changes that followed the enlightenment and the french revolution. the 19th-century papacy challenged the growth of liberalism (with its doctrine of popular sovereignty) as well as new scientific and historical methods and theories (which were thought to threaten the special status of the christian revelation). pope pius ix condemned a list of liberal and enlightenment ideas in his "syllabus of errors". the term "integralism" was applied to a spanish political party founded about 1890, which based its programme on the "syllabus". catholic integralism reached its "classical" form in the reaction against modernism. the term did not, however, become popular till the time of pope pius x, whose papacy lasted from 1903 to 1914. after the papal condemnation of modernism in 1907, ""integral catholics"" (, from which the words "intégrisme" (integrism) and "intégralisme" (integralism) were derived. encouraged by pope pius x, they sought out and exposed any co-religionist whom they suspected of modernism or liberalism. an important integralist organization was the sodalitium pianum, known in france as "la sapinière" (fir plantation), which was founded in 1909 by umberto benigni.
integralism