eleven cities are in the state of new york.
how many cities are in the state of new york?
eleven
stv has some history in the united states. between 1915 and 1962, twenty-four cities used the system for at least one election. in many cities, minority parties and other groups used stv to break up single-party monopolies on elective office. one of the most famous cases is new york city, where a coalition of republicans and others imposed stv in 1936 as part of an attack on the tammany hall machine. another famous case is cincinnati, ohio, where, in 1924, democrats and progressive-wing republicans imposed a council-manager charter with stv elections to dislodge the republican machine of rudolph k. hynicka. although cincinnati's council-manager system survives, republicans and other disaffected groups replaced stv with plurality-at-large voting in 1957. from 1870 to 1980, illinois used a semi-proportional cumulative voting system to elect its house of representatives. each district across the state elected both republicans and democrats year-after-year. cambridge, massachusetts, (stv) and peoria, illinois, (cumulative voting) continue to use pr. san francisco had citywide elections in which people would cast votes for five or six candidates simultaneously, delivering some of the benefits of proportional representation.
proportional representation
starting in the late 20th century and continuing into the 21st century, many cities across the country began creating new public transportation systems. after many public transportation systems, such as streetcars, were scrapped in cities starting in the 1950s, the automobile dominated america's urban transportation network. however, many cities, especially in the 21st century, have started creating new, rebuilding, or expanding public transportation systems to help combat problems like traffic congestion and air pollution from all of the commuting vehicles. many cities have added new light rail systems, such as phoenix's valley metro rail or charlotte's lynx blue line. other cities have heavily expanded their already existing transportation networks with new lines, such as the expo line that opened in 2012 in los angeles. modern streetcars have been built in various cities across america recently as well, including the atlanta streetcar and the dallas streetcar. some cities though have rebuilt their heritage streetcars in the 21st century, such as tampa with its teco line streetcar system that opened in 2002. new commuter rail systems have been built in a bunch of cities too like orlando's sunrail or seattle's sounder commuter rail. overall though, public transportation has been an important issue for 21st century american cities, and as a result there has been a large amount of focus on building or expanding various public transportation systems within urban areas.
american urban history