the articles of confederation were replaced by the constitution on march 1, 1781.
when was the articles of confederation replaced by the constitution?
march 1, 1781
to that end, in september 1786, after resolving a series of disputes regarding their common border along the potomac river, delegates of maryland and virginia called for a larger assembly to discuss various situations and governing problems to meet at the maryland state capital on the chesapeake bay. the later annapolis convention with some additional state representatives joining in the sessions first attempted to look into improving the earlier original articles of confederation and perpetual union. there were enough problems to bear further discussion and deliberation that the convention called for a wider meeting to recommend changes and meet the next year in the late spring of 1787 in philadelphia. the confederation congress itself endorsed the call and issued one on its own further inviting the states to send delegates. after meeting in secret all summer in the old pennsylvania state house now having acquired the nickname and new title of independence hall, from the famous action here eleven years earlier. the philadelphia convention, under the presidency of former general george washington instead of a series of amendments, or altering the old charter, issued a proposed new constitution for the united states to replace the 1776–1778 articles. the confederation congress received and submitted the new constitution document to the states, and the constitution was later ratified by enough states (nine were required) to become operative in june 1788. on september 12, 1788, the confederation congress set the date for choosing the new electors in the electoral college that was set up for choosing a president as january 7, 1789, the date for the electors to vote for the president as on february 4, 1789, and the date for the constitution to become operative as march 4, 1789, when the new congress of the united states should convene, and that they at a later date set the time and place for the inauguration of the new first president of the united states.
congress of the confederation
virginia had questioned the validity of the compact of 1785, suggesting it violated article 6 of the articles of confederation (which banned treaties between states without the consent of the united states congress) and was superseded at any rate by the u.s. constitution (which entered into force in 1789). field dismissed both claims. the articles of confederation prohibited pacts intended to weaken the confederation, field said, and did not ban all pacts between states. although provisions of the compact could be superseded by the constitution, none of the operative articles of it were; in fact, maryland, virginia, and the united states government have all treated the compact as if it were still binding and enforceable. field relied heavily on "virginia v. tennessee", 148 u.s. 503 (1893), decided in the prior term, in defining what a "compact" was and the extent of the constitution's prohibition on them. but field not only concluded that the compact of 1785 was not in violation of the articles of confederation but also strongly asserted that the constitution did not apply to those already in force at the time of its adoption:
wharton v. wise