the first underground railway (metro railway) was started in 1863.
when was the first underground railway (metro railway) started?
1863
the idea of an underground railway linking the city of london with the urban centre was proposed in the 1830s, and the metropolitan railway was granted permission to build such a line in 1854. to prepare construction, a short test tunnel was built in 1855 in kibblesworth, a small town with geological properties similar to london. this test tunnel was used for two years in the development of the first underground train, and was later, in 1861, filled up. the world's first underground railway, it opened in january 1863 between paddington and farringdon using gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives. it was hailed as a success, carrying 38,000 passengers on the opening day, and borrowing trains from other railways to supplement the service. the metropolitan district railway (commonly known as the district railway) opened in december 1868 from south kensington to westminster as part of a plan for an underground "inner circle" connecting london's main-line stations. the metropolitan and district railways completed the circle line in 1884, built using the cut and cover method. both railways expanded, the district building five branches to the west reaching ealing, hounslow, uxbridge, richmond and wimbledon and the metropolitan eventually extended as far as in buckinghamshire, more than from baker street and the centre of london.
london underground
line 1 or the north-south line has a total length of serving 24 stations of which 15 are underground. it has a combination of elevated, ground-level and underground lines and uses of indian gauge, a broad gauge rolling stock. it was the first underground railway to be built in india, with the first trains running in october 1984 and the full stretch that had been initially planned was completed and operational by february 1995. on 28 december 2010, it became the 17th zone of the indian railways. the new delhi metro, which opened in 2002, is the second such urban metro rail network in india. it had benefitted from the expertise gained during the kolkata metro construction. in being the country's first metro and constructed as a completely indigenous process, the kolkata metro was more of a trial-and-error affair, in contrast to the delhi metro, which has also seen the involvement of numerous international consultants. as a result, it took nearly 23 years to completely construct a 17 km underground railway. northward extension of metro from dum dum upto dakshineshwar (6.20 km) was sanctioned and included in budget of 2010-11 at a cost of rs.227.53 cr. the work from dum dum to noapara (2.09 km) was commissioned on 10.7.2013 and construction from noapara to dakshineshwar having an interchange with line 5 at baranagar (2.38 km) is being executed by rvnl. this section is expected to open in february 2020 and the projected ridership is 55000 by 2030.
kolkata metro