paul klee was a swiss artist and an illustrator at the bauhaus.
swiss artist was an illustrator at the bauhaus?
paul klee
the school was founded by walter gropius in weimar on april 12, 1919 as a merger of the weimar saxon grand ducal art school and the weimar academy of fine art. its roots lay in the arts and crafts school founded by the grand duke of saxe-weimar-eisenach in 1906, and directed by belgian art nouveau architect henry van de velde. when van de velde was forced to resign in 1915 because he was belgian, he suggested gropius, hermann obrist, and august endell as possible successors. in 1919, after delays caused by world war i and a lengthy debate over who should head the institution and the socio-economic meanings of a reconciliation of the fine arts and the applied arts (an issue which remained a defining one throughout the school's existence), gropius was made the director of a new institution integrating the two called the bauhaus. in the pamphlet for an april 1919 exhibition entitled "exhibition of unknown architects", gropius proclaimed his goal as being "to create a new guild of craftsmen, without the class distinctions which raise an arrogant barrier between craftsman and artist." gropius's neologism "bauhaus" references both building and the bauhütte, a premodern guild of stonemasons. the early intention was for the bauhaus to be a combined architecture school, crafts school, and academy of the arts. swiss painter johannes itten, german-american painter lyonel feininger, and german sculptor gerhard marcks, along with gropius, comprised the faculty of the bauhaus in 1919. by the following year their ranks had grown to include german painter, sculptor, and designer oskar schlemmer who headed the theater workshop, and swiss painter paul klee, joined in 1922 by russian painter wassily kandinsky. a tumultuous year at the bauhaus, 1922 also saw the move of dutch painter theo van doesburg to weimar to promote "de stijl" ("the style"), and a visit to the bauhaus by russian constructivist artist and architect el lissitzky.
bauhaus
the governor of kufa, ammar ibn yasir, received intelligence of the persian movements and concentration at nahavand and reported them to umar. although umar had expressed a desire for mesopotamia to be his easternmost frontier, the concentration of the persian army at nahavand forced him to act. he now believed that as long as persia proper remained under sassanid rule, the raids into mesopotamia would continue. hudheifa ibn al yaman was appointed commander of the forces of kufa, and was ordered to march to nahavand. abu musa was to march to nahavand from busra, while nouman ibn muqarrin marched from ctesiphon. umar decided to personally take the army concentrated at medina to nahavand to assume overall command. the members of the majlis al shura, however, suggested that umar should command the campaign from medina, appointing an astute field commander for nahavand. umar acquiesced, appointing mugheera ibn shuba as commander of the forces concentrated at medina, and nouman ibn muqarrin as commander-in-chief at nahavand. the muslim army first concentrated at tazar, and then defeated the persians at the battle of nahavand in december 642. nouman died in the action, and, as per umar's instructions, hudheifa ibn al yaman became the new commander-in-chief. thereafter, the muslims captured the whole district of hamadan, encountering only feeble resistance.
muslim conquest of persia