umlaut is the name of the two dots over a vowel.
what is the name of the two dots over a vowel?
umlaut
the diacritic letters "ä, ö" and "ü" are used to indicate the presence of umlauts (frontalizations of back vowels). before the introduction of the printing press, frontalization was indicated by placing an "e" after the back vowel to be modified, but german printers developed the space-saving typographical convention of replacing the full "e" with a small version placed above the vowel to be modified. in german kurrent writing, the superscripted "e" was simplified to two vertical dashes, which have further been reduced to dots in both handwriting and german typesetting. although the two dots of umlaut look like those in the diaeresis (trema), the two have different origins and functions.
german orthography
rā with two dots vertically above





























ݫ (unicode name: arabic letter reh with two dots vertically above) is an additional letter of the arabic script, derived from rāʾ (ر) with the addition of two dots above the letter. it is not used in the arabic alphabet itself, but is used in ormuri to represent a voiced alveolo-palatal fricative, ), as well as in torwali.
rā with two dots vertically above