anaximander was the first person to suggest a geocentric universe.
who was the first person to suggest a geocentric universe?
anaximander
the geocentric model entered greek astronomy and philosophy at an early point; it can be found in pre-socratic philosophy. in the 6th century bc, anaximander proposed a cosmology with earth shaped like a section of a pillar (a cylinder), held aloft at the center of everything. the sun, moon, and planets were holes in invisible wheels surrounding earth; through the holes, humans could see concealed fire. about the same time, pythagoras thought that the earth was a sphere (in accordance with observations of eclipses), but not at the center; they believed that it was in motion around an unseen fire. later these views were combined, so most educated greeks from the 4th century bc on thought that the earth was a sphere at the center of the universe.
geocentric model
anagenesis suggests that evolutionary changes can occur in a species over time to a sufficient degree that later organisms may be considered a different species, especially in the absence of fossils documenting the gradual transition from one to another. this is in contrast to cladogenesis—or speciation in a sense—in which a population is split into two or more reproductively isolated groups and these groups accumulate sufficient differences to become distinct species. the punctuated equilibria hypothesis suggests that anagenesis is rare and that the rate of evolution is most rapid immediately after a split which will lead to cladogenesis, but does not completely rule out anagenesis. distinguishing between anagenesis and cladogenesis is particularly relevant in the fossil record, where limited fossil preservation in time and space makes it difficult to distinguish between anagenesis, cladogenesis where one species replaces the other, or simple geographic immigration/emigration patterns. recent evolutionary studies are looking at anagenesis and cladogeneis for possible answers in developing the hominin phylogenetic tree to understand morphological diversity and the origins of "australopithecus anamensis", and this case could possibly show anagenesis in the fossil record.
anagenesis