power means the amount of energy in a body or stream of water.
which term means the amount of energy in a body or stream of water?
power
here, spearman gives a compact summary of his findings and theory of g:when asked what g is, one has to distinguish between the meanings of terms and the facts about things. g means a particular quantity derived from statistical operations. under certain conditions the score of a person at a mental test can be divided into two factors, one of which is always the same in all tests, whereas the other varies from one test to another; the former is called the general factor or g, while the other is called the specific factor. this then is what the g term means, a score-factor and nothing more. but this meaning is sufficient to render the term well defined so that the underlying thing is susceptible to scientific investigation; we can proceed to find out facts about this score-factor, or g factor. we can ascertain the kind of mental operations in which it plays a dominant part as compared with the other or specific factor. and so the discovery has been made that g is dominant in such operations as reasoning, or learning latin; whereas it plays a very small part indeed in such operation (sic) as distinguishing one tone from another. . . g tends to dominate according as the performance involves the perceiving of relations, or as it requires that relations seen in one situation should be transferred to another. . . . on weighing the evidence, many of us used to say that this g appears to measure some form of mental energy. but in the first place, such a suggestion is apt to invite needless controversy. this can be avoided by saying more cautiously that g behaves as if it measured an energy. in the second place, however, there seems to be good reason for changing the concept of energy to that of "power" (which, of course, is energy or work divided by time). in this way, one can talk about mind power in much the same manner as about horse power. . . . . . .g is in the normal course of events determined innately; a person can no more be trained to have it in higher degree than he can be trained to be taller. (pp. 156 –157).there was also another co-factor as proposed by spearman that was special intelligence. the special intelligence was for individuals who accomplished high success results in the same tests. however, later spearman introduced group factor that was particular to those correlations that were not a result of factor g or s. his ideas were in 1938 criticized on paper by psychologist louis l. thurstone who argued his own experiments showed that intelligence formed seven primary categories: numerical, reasoning, spatial, perceptual, memory, verbal fluency and verbal comprehension. thurstone ultimately agreed with spearman that there was a general factor among ability measures. subsequently, raymond cattell (1963) also supported the general ability concept theorized by spearman but highlighted two forms of ability, distinguished by their development in older age: fluid and crystallized intelligence.
charles spearman
"(5) mentally defective. such term means that a person suffers from a mental disease or defect which renders him incapable of appraising the nature of his conduct.





























"(6) mentally incapacitated. such term means that a person is rendered temporarily incapable of appraising or controlling his conduct owing to the influence of a narcotic or intoxicating substance administered to him without his consent, or to any other incapacitating act committed upon him without his consent.





























"(7) physically helpless. such term means that a person is unconscious or for any other reason is physically unable to communicate unwillingness to an act.
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