the areas where adipose tissue can be found, are called adipose depots.
what are the areas where adipose tissue can be found, called?
adipose depots
in humans, adipose tissue is located: beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat), around internal organs (visceral fat), in bone marrow (yellow bone marrow), intermuscular (muscular system) and in the breast tissue. adipose tissue is found in specific locations, which are referred to as adipose depots. apart from adipocytes, which comprise the highest percentage of cells within adipose tissue, other cell types are present, collectively termed stromal vascular fraction (svf) of cells. svf includes preadipocytes, fibroblasts, adipose tissue macrophages, and endothelial cells. adipose tissue contains many small blood vessels. in the integumentary system, which includes the skin, it accumulates in the deepest level, the subcutaneous layer, providing insulation from heat and cold. around organs, it provides protective padding. however, its main function is to be a reserve of lipids, which can be oxidised to meet the energy needs of the body and to protect it from excess glucose by storing triglycerides produced by the liver from sugars, although some evidence suggests that most lipid synthesis from carbohydrates occurs in the adipose tissue itself. adipose depots in different parts of the body have different biochemical profiles. under normal conditions, it provides feedback for hunger and diet to the brain.
adipose tissue
brown adipose tissue is another type of adipose tissue which stores free fatty acids. brown adipose tissue is especially abundant in new born mammals and hibernating mammals. the differences between brown and white adipose tissue are brown adipose tissues have higher activity in glyceroneogenesis than white adipose tissues and glyceroneogenesis in brown adipose tissue is related to thermogenesis. the activity of glyceroneogenesis in brown adipose tissue is greater than that of white adipose tissue because it contains more enzymes involved in the glyceroneogenesis. compared to white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue has considerably higher activity of pepc-k and glycerol kinase. the activity of pepc-k in brown adipose tissue is almost 10 times the activity of that in white adipose tissue. pepc-k which is involved in the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the key enzyme that regulates glyceroneogenesis. increase in activity of the enzyme will increase the activity of the pathway. furthermore, not only pepc-k but brown adipose tissue is also rich in activity of glycerol kinase. glycerol kinase is the enzyme which phosphorylates glycerol in order to generate the backbone of triglycerides, glycerol 3-phosphate. increase in the activity of glycerol kinase will result in an increase in production of glycerol 3- phosphate. as a result, brown adipose tissue will have greater activity in glyceroneogenesis, because it contains more enzymes involved in the pathway.
glyceroneogenesis