elevated blood pressure is the most common manifestation of portal hypertension–induced splenomegaly.
what is the most common manifestation of portal hypertension–induced splenomegaly?
elevated blood pressure
portal hypertension









































portal hypertension is hypertension (high blood pressure) in the hepatic portal system – made up of the portal vein and its branches, that drain from most of the intestine to the liver. portal hypertension is defined as a hepatic venous pressure gradient. cirrhosis (a form of chronic liver failure) is the most common cause of portal hypertension; other, less frequent causes are therefore grouped as non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. when it becomes severe enough to cause symptoms or complications, treatment may be given to decrease portal hypertension itself or to manage its complications.









































section::::signs and symptoms.
portal hypertension
splenomegaly is an enlargement of the spleen. the spleen usually lies in the left upper quadrant (luq) of the human abdomen. splenomegaly is one of the four cardinal signs of "hypersplenism" which include: some reduction in number of circulating blood cells affecting granulocytes, erythrocytes or platelets in any combination; a compensatory proliferative response in the bone marrow; and the potential for correction of these abnormalities by splenectomy. splenomegaly is usually associated with increased workload (such as in hemolytic anemias), which suggests that it is a response to hyperfunction. it is therefore not surprising that splenomegaly is associated with any disease process that involves abnormal red blood cells being destroyed in the spleen. other common causes include congestion due to portal hypertension and infiltration by leukemias and lymphomas. thus, the finding of an enlarged spleen, along with caput medusae, is an important sign of portal hypertension.
splenomegaly