santi pagnini divided the bible into chapters & verses.
who divided the bible into chapters & verses?
santi pagnini
the first person to divide new testament chapters into verses was italian dominican biblical scholar santi pagnini (1470–1541), but his system was never widely adopted. his verse divisions in the new testament were far longer than those known today. robert estienne created an alternate numbering in his 1551 edition of the greek new testament which was also used in his 1553 publication of the bible in french. estienne's system of division was widely adopted, and it is this system which is found in almost all modern bibles. estienne produced a 1555 vulgate that is the first bible to include the verse numbers integrated into the text. before this work, they were printed in the margins.
chapters and verses of the bible
this book, written in the usual sanskrit verse-format and comprising 1744 verses divided into 26 adhyayas, minutely covers the entire ambit of jyotisa. beginning with a prayer and after making a few preliminary suggestions (22 verses), its first section commences with the results of the birth-samvatsaras (60 verses), of the two ayanas (2 verses), of ritus (6 verses), of birth-months (13 verses), of lunar pakshas (2 verses), of day and night births (2 verses), of janam-tithis (15 verses), of weekdays (7 verses), of nakshatras (53 verses), of navamsas rising at the time of birth (9 verses), of yogas (soli-lunar) (27 verses), of karanas (11 verses), of gandanta (1 verse), of ganas (3 verses), of 12 lagnas (12 verses), observation on all afore-mentioned (12 verses), on short and long rasis (2 verses), and on 12 bhavas along with description of special nature of planets and various yogas (143 verses). in the second section he deals with the nine planets occupying the 12 bhavas (108 verses). in the third section he deals with astrological aspects and their results (325 verses), with the nine planets variously occupying 12 signs (85 verses), with sarvatobhadra chakra etc., (22 verses), with gochara and ashtakavarga ( 29 verses), and with conjunctions of planets (59 verses). this is followed by the raja yoga adhyaya (80 verses), raja yoga bhanga adhyaya (6 verses), panch mahapurusha yoga adhyaya (18 verses), karaka yoga adhyaya (6 verses), nabhasa yoga adhyaya (48 verses), rashmijatakadhyaya (18 verses), planetary avasthas (10 verses) and sthanadiyuktagrahphalam (8 verses). these are followed by yogas taking the sun and the moon as factors (18 verses), sanyasa yogas (11 verses), arishta yogas (51 verses), arishtabhangadhyaya (15 verses), and sarvagraharishtadhyaya (21 verses). this book also deals with rasi dashas (147 verses), mahadashadhyaya (13 verses) and antradashadhyaya (74 verses). thereafter, it covers danas (10 verses), nashjatakadhyaya (14 verses), death (112 verses) and strijataka (32 verses). this book written in chaste sanskrit omits mention of the two lunar nodes, rahu and ketu.
jataka bharanam