helicobacter pylori is implicated as a causative agent in the development of duodenal and gastric ulcers.
helicobacter pylori is implicated as a causative agent in the development?
duodenal and gastric ulcers
some skepticism was expressed initially, but within a few years multiple research groups had verified the association of "h. pylori" with gastritis and, to a lesser extent, ulcers. to demonstrate "h. pylori" caused gastritis and was not merely a bystander, marshall drank a beaker of "h. pylori" culture. he became ill with nausea and vomiting several days later. an endoscopy 10 days after inoculation revealed signs of gastritis and the presence of "h. pylori". these results suggested "h. pylori" was the causative agent. marshall and warren went on to demonstrate antibiotics are effective in the treatment of many cases of gastritis. in 1987, the sydney gastroenterologist thomas borody invented the first triple therapy for the treatment of duodenal ulcers. in 1994, the national institutes of health stated most recurrent duodenal and gastric ulcers were caused by "h. pylori", and recommended antibiotics be included in the treatment regimen.
helicobacter pylori
"helicobacter pylori" eradication protocols is a standard name for all treatment protocols for peptic ulcers and gastritis; the primary goal is not only temporary relief of symptoms, but also total elimination of "helicobacter pylori" infection. patients with active duodenal or gastric ulcers and those with a prior ulcer history should be tested for "h. pylori". appropriate therapy should be given for eradication. patients with malt lymphoma should also be tested and treated for "h. pylori" since eradication of this infection can induce remission in many patients when the tumor is limited to the stomach. several consensus conferences, including the maastricht consensus report, recommend testing and treating several other groups of patients but there is limited evidence of benefit. this includes patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma (especially those with early-stage disease), patients found to have atrophic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia, as well as first-degree relatives of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma since the relatives themselves are at increased risk of gastric cancer partly due to the intrafamilial transmission of "h. pylori". to date, it remains controversial whether to test and treat all patients with functional dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, or other non-gi disorders as well as asymptomatic individuals.
helicobacter pylori eradication protocols