the group switch came out in 1975.
what year did the group switch come out?
1975
for several years, el spent time in private study with music educator ricky callier. by 1975, el had begun to express a desire to become a performer. he became a father for the first time at 16 and eventually fathered 11 more children. in 1977, he dropped out of high school and began performing with his elder brothers in clubs and venues in michigan. by 1979, bernd lichters was able to secure a deal with source records/mca to release the pall mall groove – hot ice album as smash for the usa/canada market and moved el from michigan to los angeles, to have him, his brothers mark and randy debarge, in addition to their cousin andre abney, elliot townsend, and stanley hood, to back up the release as the smash band. his eldest sister bunny joined her brothers in california as well. in 1980, because of the success of their brothers bobby and tommy debarge with the hit group switch, el was able to perform live at the piano and sing in front of motown ceo berry gordy, who immediately signed the group, then known as the debarges, to the label.
el debarge
the latest apz type is 214 03 which is used as msc, tsc and hlr blade in axe. the latest implementation of axe is on a blade cluster system capable of handling up to 8 million subscribers.









































the core of the switching part was the group switch, initially a time-space-time multiplexer capable of switching up to 64k positions or connections. this group switch later evolved to a distributed group switch using time-space switching technique with a maximum capacity of 512k.
axe telephone exchange