scholars believe food production first began in the middle east in the levant.
where do scholars believe food production first began in the middle east?
the levant
na
na
the costs of producing oil in the middle east were low enough that companies could turn a profit despite the us tariff on oil imports. this hurt domestic oil producers in places like texas and oklahoma who had been selling oil at tariff-supported prices and now had to compete with cheap oil from the persian gulf region. the first american firms to take advantage of low production costs in the middle east were getty, standard oil of indiana, continental oil and atlantic richfield. in 1959, president dwight d. eisenhower said "as long as middle eastern oil continues to be as cheap as it is, there is probably little we can do to reduce the dependence of western europe on the middle east." eventually, at the behest of independent american producers, eisenhower imposed quotas on foreign oil that would stay in place between 1959 and 1973. critics called it the "drain america first" policy. some scholars believe the policy contributed to the decline of domestic us oil production in the early 1970s. while us oil production declined, domestic demand was increasing at the same time leading to inflation and a steadily rising consumer price index between 1964 and 1970.
1973 oil crisis