queen elizabeth i permitted the british to establish their company in india.
who permitted the british to establish their company in india?
queen elizabeth i
on 31 december 1600, queen elizabeth i of england (1533–1603) granted a group of english merchants a charter to establish a joint-stock company which became known as the east india company. subsequently, during the reign of king james i (1567–1625), sir william hawkins and sir thomas roe were sent to negotiate with the mughal emperor jahangir (1569–1627) to permit the establishment of trading factories in india on behalf of the company. the first of these were built at surat on the west coast and at masulipatam on the country's eastern seaboard. masulipatam is thus the oldest english trading post on india's east coast, dating back to 1611. in 1625, another factory was established at armagon, a few miles to the south, whereupon both the factories came under the supervision of an agency based at machilipatam. the english authorities decided to relocate these factories further south, due to a shortage of cotton cloth, the main trade item of the east coast at the time. the problem was compounded when the sultan of golconda started harassing the local officers. the east india company's administrator francis day (1605–73) was sent south, and after negotiations with the raja of chandragiri he obtained a land grant to set up a factory in the village of madraspatnam, where the new fort st george was built. an agency was created to govern the new settlement, and the factor andrew cogan of masulipatnam was appointed as its first agent. all the agencies along india's east coast were subordinated to the east india company presidency of bantam in java. by 1641, fort st george became the company's headquarters on the coromandel coast.
madras presidency
king james granted a proprietary charter to two competing branches of the virginia company, which were supported by investors. these were the plymouth company and the london company. by the terms of the charter, the plymouth company was permitted to establish a colony of square between the 38th parallel and the 45th parallel (roughly between chesapeake bay and the current u.s.–canada border). the london company was permitted to establish between the 34th parallel and the 41st parallel (approximately between cape fear and long island sound), and also owned a large portion of atlantic and inland canada. in the area of overlap, the two companies were not permitted to establish colonies within one hundred miles of each other. during 1606, each company organized expeditions to establish settlements within the area of their rights.
colony of virginia