title: .io

text: Applicants for the registration of .io domains do not need to be registered or established in the British Indian Ocean Territory. Third-level domains, such as "xyz.com.io", can only be registered by an inhabitant of the area. (Since there are no legal, permanent inhabitants of the British Indian Ocean Territory, theoretically no third-level domains will be registered.) Any second-level domains used by NIC.IO and top-level domains cannot be used as a third-level domain. For example, the domains "com.com.io", "org.com.io", and "biz.com.io" are all restricted.


title: .io

text: Domain names in .io may not be used, "for any purpose that is sexual or pornographic or that is against the statutory laws of any nation." If this requirement is breached, "NIC.IO reserves the right to immediately deactivate the offending registration."


title: .io

text: Domain names in .io are priced higher than those in many other TLDs. Registering an available .io-domain currently () costs US$90 per year.


title: .io

text: The .io domain is used almost exclusively for purposes unrelated to the British Indian Ocean Territory.


title: .io

text: In computer science, "IO" or "I/O" is commonly used as an abbreviation for input/output, which makes the .io domain desirable for services that want to be associated with technology. .io domains are often used for open source projects, application programming interfaces ("APIs"), startup companies, browser games, and other online services.


title: .io

text: The TLD is also used for domain hacks, as the letters "io" are an ending of many English terms. For example, Rub.io is a shortened URL that was used for the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign of Marco Rubio.


title: .io

text: One reason given for the TLD's popularity is that it stands out by being shorter than other TLDs. Also, the .io TLD is less occupied than other TLDs, so it is more likely that a given term is available there.


title: .io

text: In Esperanto, "io" as an independent word is the assertive existential indefinite pronoun (English "something"). As a suffix, "-io" is used to terminate official names of countries or other kind of lands under which a community of people are grouped. The Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto includes almost 500 such terms, from Abisenio (Abyssinia, modern-day Ethiopia) to Zambio (Zambia). Derived from that, the suffix is also used to designate a community of people whose common interest is indicated by the suffixed root, especially in the term Esperantio, the community of speakers of the language and their culture as a whole, as well as the places and institutions where the language is used. As of May 2020, the esperant.io domain name redirects to "Libera Folio", an independent generalist online bulletin written in Esperanto.


title: .io

text: Around 2015 a multiplayer game, "Agar.io", spawned many other games with a similar playstyle that used the .io domain, such as "Diep.io", "Slither.io", "Surviv.io", and "ZombsRoyale.io". Such games are collectively called ".io games".


title: .io

text: According to a 2014 Gigaom interview with Paul Kane, then chairman of the Internet Computer Bureau, the domain name registry is required to give some of its profits to the British government, for administration of the British Indian Ocean Territory. After being questioned as a result of the interview, the British Government denied receiving any funds from the sale of .io domain names, and argued that consequently, the profits could not be shared with the Chagossians, the former inhabitants forcibly removed by the British government. Kane, however, contradicted the government's denial.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Khaled Hosseini (;Pashto/Dari ; born March 4, 1965) is an Afghan-American novelist, UNHCR goodwill ambassador, and former physician. His debut novel "The Kite Runner" (2003) was a critical and commercial success; the book and his subsequent novels have all been at least partially set in Afghanistan and have featured an Afghan as the protagonist.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Born in Kabul, Afghanistan, to a diplomat father, Hosseini spent some time living in Iran and France. When Hosseini was 15, his family applied for asylum in the United States, where he later became a naturalized citizen. Hosseini did not return to Afghanistan until 2003 when he was 38, an experience similar to that of the protagonist in "The Kite Runner". In later interviews, Hosseini admitted to feeling survivor's guilt for having been able to leave the country prior to the Soviet invasion and subsequent wars.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: After graduating from college, Hosseini worked as a physician in California, a situation he likened to "an arranged marriage". The success of "The Kite Runner" meant he was able to retire from medicine in order to write full-time. His three novels have all reached various levels of critical and commercial success. "The Kite Runner" spent 101 weeks on "The New York Times" Best Seller list, including three weeks at number one. His second novel, "A Thousand Splendid Suns" (2007), spent 103 weeks on the chart, including 15 at number one while his third novel, "And the Mountains Echoed" (2013), remained on the chart for 33 weeks. In addition to writing, Hosseini has advocated for the support of refugees, including establishing with the UNHCR the Khaled Hosseini Foundation to support Afghan refugees returning to Afghanistan.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Hosseini was born on March 4, 1965, in Kabul, Afghanistan, the eldest of five children. His father, Nasser, worked as a diplomat for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Kabul while his mother worked as a Persian language teacher at a girls' high school; both originate from Herat. Regarding his ethnicity, Hosseini stated, "I'm not pure anything. There's a Pashtun part of me, a Tajik part of me." His mother's family is believed to be from the Mohammadzai tribe of Pashtuns. Hosseini describes his upbringing as privileged. He spent eight years of his childhood in the upper class Wazir Akbar Khan neighborhood in Kabul. Hosseini does not recall his sister, Raya, ever suffering discrimination for being a female, and he remembers Kabul as "a growing, thriving, cosmopolitan city", where he regularly flew kites with his cousins.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: In 1970, Hosseini and his family moved to Iran where his father worked for the Embassy of Afghanistan in Tehran. In 1973, Hosseini's family returned to Kabul, and Hosseini's youngest brother was born in July of that year. In 1976, when Hosseini was 11 years old, his father secured a job in Paris, France, and moved the family there. They were unable to return to Afghanistan because of the April 1978 Saur Revolution in which the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) seized power. In 1980, shortly after the start of the Soviet–Afghan War, they sought political asylum in the United States and made their residence in San Jose, California. Hosseini, then aged 15, did not speak English when he first arrived in the United States. He describes the experience as "a culture shock" and "very alienating".


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Despite their distance from the country's turmoil, the family was aware of the situations faced by a number of their friends and relatives. Hosseini explained:


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Hosseini graduated from Independence High School in San Jose in 1984 and enrolled at Santa Clara University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in biology in 1988. The following year, he entered the University of California San Diego School of Medicine, where he earned his M.D. in 1993. He completed his residency in internal medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles in 1997. He practiced medicine for over ten years, until a year and a half after the release of "The Kite Runner".


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: In 2003, Hosseini published his first novel, "The Kite Runner", the story of a young boy, Amir, struggling to form a deeper connection with his father and coping with memories of a traumatic childhood event. The novel is set in Afghanistan, from the fall of the monarchy until the collapse of the Taliban regime, as well as in the San Francisco Bay Area, specifically in Fremont, California. The novel was the best selling novel of 2005 in the United States, according to Nielsen BookScan. "The Kite Runner" was also produced as an audiobook read by the author. "The Kite Runner" has been adapted into a film of the same name released in December 2007. Hosseini made a cameo appearance towards the end of the movie as a bystander, when Amir buys a kite which he later flies with Sohrab.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Hosseini's second novel, "A Thousand Splendid Suns", was published in 2007, and is also set in Afghanistan. The story addresses many of the same issues as Hosseini's first book, but from a female perspective. It follows the story of two women, Mariam and Laila, whose lives become entwined when Mariam's husband takes on Laila as a second wife. The story is set during Afghanistan's tumultuous thirty-year transition from Soviet occupation to Taliban control and post-Taliban rebuilding. The novel was released by Riverhead Books on May 22, 2007, at the same time as the Simon & Schuster audiobook. The adaptation rights of the novel were subsequently acquired by producer Scott Rudin and Columbia Pictures.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Hosseini's third novel "And the Mountains Echoed" was released on May 21, 2013. Prior to its release, Hosseini said:


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Hosseini is currently a Goodwill Envoy for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). He has been working to provide humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan through the Khaled Hosseini Foundation. The concept for the foundation was inspired by the trip to Afghanistan that Hosseini made in 2007 with UNHCR, with the organisation raising funds to build homes for refugees returning to Afghanistan.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: In 2018, Hosseini published an illustrated short story, "Sea Prayer", inspired by the death of Alan Kurdi, a three year old refugee who drowned when trying to reach Europe from Syria. Proceeds from sales went to the UNHCR and the Khaled Hosseini Foundation.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: As a child, Hosseini read a lot of Persian poetry, especially the works of poets such as Rumi, Omar Khayyám, Abdul-Qādir Bēdil, and Hafez. He has also cited a Persian translation of Jack London's "White Fang" as a key influence from his youth, in addition to translations of novels including "Alice in Wonderland" and Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer series. He has cited Afghan singer Ahmad Zahir as a key musical influence, choosing the songs "Madar' and "Aye Padesha Khuban" as his two Inheritance Tracks during an appearance on BBC Radio 4's Saturday Live, and naming Zahir as "the Afghan Elvis" and stating his music was "one of the seminal memories of my time in Afghanistan".


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: While President Hamid Karzai had signed an agreement to ban bacha bazi, corruption, lawlessness and poverty will allow the business to thrive. Moreover, combating the abuse of poor children is not seen as a priority by the Kabul administration. While Khaled Hosseini’s novel "The Kite Runner" exposed bacha bazi, greater international pressure is needed to bring the odious practice to an end.


title: Khaled Hosseini

text: Hosseini is married to Roya, and they have two children. The family reside in Northern California. He is fluent in Persian and Pashto, and has described himself as a secular Muslim. In July 2022, Hosseini announced via social media that his 21 year old child had come out as transgender.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: "Take My Breath Away" is a song written by Giorgio Moroder and Tom Whitlock for the 1986 film "Top Gun", performed by American new wave band Berlin. It won the Academy Award for Best Original Song, as well as the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song in 1986.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: Italian musician Giorgio Moroder was asked by Jerry Bruckheimer, the co-producer for "Top Gun", to write a song for the film. He first wrote "Danger Zone" which was recorded by Kenny Loggins. Happy with the result, Bruckheimer then requested a slower song for a romantic scene. Once Moroder had written the musical backing to what would become "Take My Breath Away", he recorded a demo which featured a distinctive bass sound on a synthesiser that would later be used on the actual recording. Moroder gave the demo to lyricist Tom Whitlock. The two first became acquainted when Whitlock, a mechanic, fixed the brakes on Moroder's Ferrari, and informed him that he was also a lyricist. Whitlock wrote the lyrics while driving home from the studio, and then spent a few hours at home polishing them. A demo of the song, sung by a background singer, impressed director Tony Scott and producers Jerry Bruckheimer and Don Simpson, who decided to film new romantic scenes between Tom Cruise and Kelly McGillis to feature the song.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: The song was first offered to The Motels, who much later released their original demo, which is fairly similar to Berlin's released version, on their compilation album "Anthologyland" (2001). Columbia Records suggested some of their signed artists, but eventually Moroder thought of the band Berlin, whose song "No More Words" he had produced. Whitlock made a few changes to the lyrics before Terri Nunn recorded the vocals. Moroder has said that of all the songs he has produced in his career, he is most proud of this song.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: "Take My Breath Away" was the second single from the "Top Gun" soundtrack album, following Kenny Loggins' "Danger Zone", and was released in 1986 as a split single alongside the song "Radar Radio", performed by Moroder featuring Joe Pizzulo.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: The song peaked at number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100, and also topped the charts in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Ireland and Belgium. It later went on to win Best Original Song at the 59th Academy Awards.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: "Take My Breath Away" is available on both the original "Top Gun" soundtrack album and the expanded edition. The song was also featured on Berlin's fourth studio album, "Count Three & Pray" and, as the band's biggest hit, on several of the band's compilation albums: "Best of Berlin 1979–1988", "Master Series", "Greatest Hits Remixed" (which includes a "Mission UK Remix" version), "Live: Sacred & Profane", and "Metro Greatest Hits". "Take My Breath Away" was one of the few songs not written by Berlin's John Crawford that they had performed on any album up to that point. Following the release of "Take My Breath Away", the band split over different points of view regarding the track: while Nunn viewed it as an opportunity that allowed the band to perform worldwide, Crawford disliked it as it had not been written or composed by any of them. He later said: "None of us had ever heard it. None of us had anything to do with it. I didn't play on it. Nobody played on it. No one wrote it".


title: Take My Breath Away

text: "Take My Breath Away" was re-released in the United Kingdom in October 1990 to coincide with the first television showing of "Top Gun" (by ITV, on the evening of October 6, 1990), as well as Peugeot's new television advertising campaign for the 405 model range. The re-release reached number three on the UK Singles Chart.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: In 2017, "ShortList"s Dave Fawbert listed the song as containing "one of the greatest key changes in music history".


title: Take My Breath Away

text: The music video features scenes from the film "Top Gun" intermingled with Berlin's singer Terri Nunn performing the song in blue coveralls, walking between parts of planes in a windy aircraft boneyard (part of the Mojave Air & Space Port) at night. Bandmates John Crawford and Rob Brill are shown relaxing in the yard and then following Nunn. The video can be seen occasionally on VH1 Europe's Top 10 Movie Soundtracks program. It was later included on the 2004 "Top Gun" collector's edition DVD.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: American singer Jessica Simpson covered "Take My Breath Away" and released it as the third single from the album "In This Skin" in March 2004. Her version was produced by Billy Mann. Simpson chose to cover this song because she thought that it was the theme song of her relationship with her then-husband, Nick Lachey.


title: Take My Breath Away

text: "Take My Breath Away" reached number 20 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, as well as the top 10 on the Top 40 Tracks and Top 40 Mainstream charts. It also became another number-one single for Simpson on the Hot 100 Singles Sales chart. On November 7, 2005, the song was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).


title: Take My Breath Away

text: An instrumental version was recorded by The Shadows for their 1991 album "Themes & Dreams". As is typical for the group's cover versions, it features Hank Marvin's lead guitar played to the original vocal melody, with considerable note elongation, echo and whammy bar application.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Nashville is an American musical soap opera television series. It was created by Callie Khouri and produced by R. J. Cutler, Khouri, Dee Johnson, and Steve Buchanan through season four, Connie Britton through season five, and Marshall Herskovitz and Ed Zwick from season five on.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The series chronicles the lives of various fictitious country music singers in Nashville, Tennessee, starring Connie Britton as Rayna Jaymes, a legendary country music superstar, whose stardom begins fading, and Hayden Panettiere as rising younger star Juliette Barnes. Britton left the show in season five.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The series premiered on ABC, on October 10, 2012, and had more than 8.93million viewers. In May 2016, ABC cancelled the show. In June 2016, it was picked up by CMT for a fifth season. On December 1, 2016, it was announced that a preview of episode one would air on December 15, 2016, with the season starting on January 5, 2017, along with a set of new producers, writers, and showrunners. A live aftershow, "NashChat", began airing live across social media platforms on Thursday, January 5, and aired immediately after every new episode during season five.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: On April 10, 2017, CMT renewed "Nashville" for a 16-episode sixth season that debuted on January 4, 2018. Filming began on September 27, 2017. On November 17, 2017, it was announced that the sixth season would be the show's final season, as CMT moved to all unscripted programming. The 124th and final episode aired on July 26, 2018.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: In the first episode, the series focuses on the rivalry of Rayna Jaymes and Juliette Barnes. Rayna Jaymes is the established "Queen of Country Music". However, her latest album is not selling well and her tour is playing to half empty venues. Her record label suggests that she open for Juliette Barnes, the young and beautiful best-selling singer of bubble gum country pop. Juliette sees Rayna as privileged and purposefully alienates her. Rayna, who dislikes Juliette's style of music, rejects a joint tour out of hand. The two women come into conflict as each tries to get guitarist Deacon Claybourne, Rayna's bandmate and former lover, to sign on to their tour. Rayna's life is further complicated when her estranged father, millionaire businessman Lamar Wyatt, convinces her husband, Teddy Conrad, to run for Mayor of Nashville.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: For later episodes through season four, the series follows the lives of country musicians, focusing on three female leads: country superstar Rayna Jaymes, rising problematic star Juliette Barnes, and newcomer singer-songwriter Scarlett O'Connor.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: From mid-season five, the series follows the lives of country musicians, focusing on two female leads: rising star Maddie Conrad, Rayna James' daughter, and fading star Juliette Barnes, as well as focusing on recurring characters.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The premise beginning with season six followed country stars Juliette Barnes, Deacon Claybourne, and the Highway 65 record label family as they strive to keep Rayna Jaymes' dream alive and pursue their music while juggling relationships, family, and the ever-changing industry.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The show features an ensemble cast. For the first season, nine actors received star billing: Connie Britton as Rayna Jaymes, a 40-year-old country music superstar singer whose stardom is beginning to fade; Hayden Panettiere as Juliette Barnes, a bubblegum country pop singer and former teen star sensation who is determined to replace Rayna as the top superstar of country music; Clare Bowen as Scarlett O'Connor, a poet and songwriter Deacon's niece, and musician partner with Gunnar who works at the Bluebird Cafe which is where she is first noticed and performs; Eric Close as Theodore "Teddy" Conrad, Rayna's husband who, after a business failure, is now living on his wife's income. He runs for mayor with help from his father-in-law and wins election, later divorcing Rayna; Charles Esten as Deacon Claybourne, songwriter, lead guitar player, Rayna's former lover and biological father of her oldest child.; Jonathan Jackson as Avery Barkley, an aspiring musician with a bad-boy streak. He and Scarlett are in a relationship when the series begins, but soon separate; Sam Palladio as Gunnar Scott, a kind-hearted aspiring musician who dates Scarlett in season one, and dates Zoey in season two; Robert Wisdom as Coleman Carlisle, a one-time mayoral candidate, and later Deputy Mayor, close friend of Rayna, and serves as Deacon's sobriety sponsor; and Powers Boothe as Lamar Wyatt, Rayna's father and a wealthy, powerful and controlling patriarch and local politician who disapproves of his daughter's career as a country singer.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Powers Boothe and Robert Wisdom were reduced to recurring status, in the second season for creative reasons. After recurring in the first season, three actors were promoted to the regular cast in the second season: Chris Carmack as Will Lexington, a rising country star struggling with the realization that he might be gay, as well as Scarlett and Gunnar's new neighbor; Lennon Stella as Maddie Conrad, Rayna's older daughter, legal daughter to Teddy, and biological daughter to Deacon; and Maisy Stella as Daphne Conrad, Rayna and Teddy's younger daughter. For the third season, two actors were upped to regulars: Will Chase as Luke Wheeler, the biggest male country artist and a love interest for Rayna; and Oliver Hudson as Jeff Fordham, a record company executive who clashes with Rayna and Juliette. For season four, Hudson was downgraded to recurring status and then his character was killed off while Aubrey Peeples, introduced in season two as reality competition second-place winner (and later Will's wife) Layla Grant, was promoted to regular.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Aubrey Peeples and Will Chase were dropped from the cast after season four by the series' new showrunners. However, Chase made a guest appearance. Connie Britton left the show in season five. Rachel Bilson was announced to have joined the cast on March 9, 2017 as a series regular. Bilson plays Alyssa Greene, a Silicon Valley marketing expert brought in to take Highway 65 to the next level, who hates country music. Adding another series regular, it was announced that, after appearing in almost every episode in the first half of season five, Cameron Scoggins, who plays Zach Welles, a wealthy tech-billionaire would be upgraded to series regular. Scoggins left the main cast after the fifth season but did recur. Kaitlin Doubleday, who portrays Jessie Caine—a musician who returns to town to focus on her career and take back the son who was taken from her—was upped from recurring to series regular near the end of season five, and she returned as a regular for the sixth season. Another season five recurring player, Jeff Nordling, was also upped to series regular for season six. Nordling plays Brad Maitland, the charming and narcissistic owner of the most successful record label in Nashville, and Jessie's ex-husband who is up to no good.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: In addition to the main cast, several actors appeared in "Nashville" in supporting roles. The most notable are Judith Hoag as Tandy Hampton, Rayna's sister, the daughter and protégée of Lamar Wyatt, who plays referee to Rayna and Lamar; Sylvia Jefferies as Jolene Barnes (season 1, 3, and 5–6), Juliette's overprotective and overbearing mother, a drug addict who later commits a murder-suicide; Chaley Rose as Zoey Dalton (seasons 2, 3, and 4), Scarlett's childhood best friend who moves to Nashville, and starts dating Gunnar; Aubrey Peeples as Layla Grant (seasons 2–4), a runner-up in a singing competition and a new singer in Nashville who is a new rival for Juliette. She gets dropped from the label, after her single tanks, though she strikes up a romance with Will, and they eventually get engaged. She is a participant in a reality show featuring her and Will, and their impending nuptials; Laura Benanti as Sadie Stone (season 3), a country star who is a friend of Rayna's; Brette Taylor as Pam (seasons 3 & 4), as Luke's new backup singer; Derek Hough as Noah West (seasons 3 & 4), an actor who lands a role about a famous country singer; Kimberly Williams-Paisley as Margaret "Peggy" Kenter (seasons 1 & 2), Teddy's former co-worker at the credit union who helped him hide his embezzlement. They begin dating after Teddy and Rayna separate and marry after she lies to Teddy that she is pregnant. She is shot and killed while someone was attempting to kill Teddy; Michiel Huisman as Liam McGuinnis (seasons 1 & 2), Rayna's new music producer, who also has a brief fling with Rayna and Scarlett; Jay Hernandez as Dante Rivas (season 1), Jolene's sober companion and Juliette's lover, who, after attempting to blackmail Juliette, is killed by Jolene in a murder-suicide; Charlie Bewley as Charles Wentworth (season 2), a married confident business man, who owns many radio stations across the country, and has an affair with Juliette; Alexa PenaVega as Kiley (season 3), Gunnar's first love who is now a struggling single mother; Dana Wheeler-Nicholson as Beverly O'Connor (seasons 2–4), Scarlett's abusive mother who has a strained relationship with her brother, Deacon; Christina Chang as Megan Vannoy (season 2), Deacon's lawyer at the beginning of season two; Deacon and Megan were in a romantic relationship in season two until Deacon found out that she cheated on him with Teddy.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Also appearing in many episodes are several background characters, including Ed Amatrudo as Glenn Goodman, Juliette Barnes's protective manager and father-figure, often tasked with cleaning up the messes that Juliette leaves behind; David Alford as Bucky Dawes, Rayna's long-time seasoned and caring manager; Todd Truly as Marshall Evans (season 1; 11 episodes), former president and CEO of Edgehill Republic Records. In the beginning of season two he gets fired by the board of Edgehill Records and is replaced by Jeff Fordham; Kourtney Hansen as Emily, Juliette's assistant; Melvin Ray Kearney II as Bo, Juliette Barnes's bodyguard and one of the limited few who she trusts. J. Karen Thomas as Audrey Carlisle (season 1), Coleman's wife; and Derek Krantz as Brent McKinney (season 2), an openly gay marketing and public relations employee who works for Jeff's record company who once dated Will; Kyle Dean Massey as Kevin Bicks (season 3–5), an openly gay country music singer-songwriter and later Will's major boyfriend.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: For the fifth season, folk-Americana singer Rhiannon Giddens and indie-pop singer Bridgit Mendler joined the cast as Hallie Jordan and Ashley Wilkenson. Giddens held a major recurring role and appeared in the sixth season as well. She played Hallie Jordan, a religious church-goer who saves Juliette's life and later helps her find her religion. Later on, Juliette gets her signed to Highway 65. Mendler played a bratty pop star who Maddie clashed with in one episode. Joseph David-Jones as Clay, Maddie's boyfriend and musician, Christian Coulson as a music video director, and the father of Scarlett's baby, all joined the cast in major recurring roles. Cameron Scoggins, a wealthy tech-entrepreneur who helps Rayna out with struggling Highway 65, was originally cast in a recurring role, but was upgraded to a series regular and made guest appearances in season six. He left Nashville to run for office, but came back to help take down Brad. He and Will dated and it was later shown that they end up together. Other recurring roles include Linds Edwards as Carl Hockeny, Rayna's stalker, Ben Taylor as Flynn Burnett, a love interest for Daphne, and Katrina Norman joined the second half of the season as Polly, a stunning road manager.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Five major recurring characters were announced for season six; part one, in addition to the returning recurring characters from the series' fifth season. Josh Stamberg played Darius, an extremely charismatic founder of a self-actualization movement that has transformed many lives that Juliette joins upon suffering from depression. Jake Etheridge played Sean, a recent military veteran suffering from severe PTSD who has yet to embrace his talent and passion for music. Rainee Blake played Alannah, who is a newcomer to the Nashville music scene, and a beautiful singer-songwriter who starts out as a backup singer but will soon be discovered for the star that she actually is meant to be when she joins the boys' band. Nic Luken played Jonah Ford, a famous male pop star who is very handsome, extremely confident, and charming and who catches Maddie's attention. Finally, Dylan Arnold played Twig, a childhood friend to Jonah. He navigates this lifestyle by guarding his anxiety and pain with a caustic, brilliant sense of humor. In addition, it was revealed that Dutch singer Ilse DeLange would have a recurring role as Ilse de Witt, a female coach on a talent show, "Nashville Next". For the second half of the season, Mia Maestro and Ronny Cox joined the cast as Rosa and Gideon, respectively. Maestro played Rosa, a dedicated follower of Darius' cult who now is having doubts about her role in it. Cox played Gideon, a crusty, frustrated, would-be musician and recently reformed lifelong alcoholic who resented his son Deacon's success.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The series was created by Callie Khouri, who won an Academy Award for "Thelma & Louise". Khouri lived in Nashville from 1978 to 1982. In an interview for "The New York Times" she said "This is a place that can be mocked and made fun of, and sometimes it deserves it, like any place. But it also is an incredibly beautiful, cosmopolitan city, and I wanted to show that to the world. I want to represent it in a way that everybody who lives here would find completely realistic." "Nashville" was the first television series in Khouri's career, after working for two decades as a film writer and director creating strong female characters.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The production began in 2011. In October 2011, ABC bought the original concept from Khouri. Documentary filmmaker R. J. Cutler also joined the project as executive producer alongside Khouri. "Nashville" was produced by Lionsgate Television with ABC Studios. ABC ordered the pilot on January 27, 2012. The pilot episode was filmed in March 2012 and directed by series producer R. J. Cutler. The series was picked up by ABC on May 11, 2012, and premiered on the network on October 10, 2012 as part of its 2012–13 television season. Dee Johnson joined the series as executive producer and showrunner as of the fourth episode, replacing Jim Parriott. On November 12, 2012, the series was picked up for a full season run, which was shortened by one episode by the producers (due to production difficulties) rather than the network.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: A number of television critics characterized "Nashville" as ""Dallas" in Tennessee." The original concept was focused on the backdrop of the real country music world. ABC's promotional campaign for the series premiere was primarily focused on the rivalry between a young and ruthless country pop diva (Panettiere) and a past-her-peak superstar (Britton). "Nashville" was filmed on location and on soundstages in Nashville. The Bluebird Cafe, an important local performance arena, is a frequent setting; the show's art department, headed by production designer Jeff Knipp, precisely replicated its exterior and interior in a Nashville sound stage. After weeks of rumors that production would move elsewhere, it was announced that season two would also be filmed on location in Nashville. "Nashville" budget hovered in the neighborhood of $4million per episode in season one. The budget for each season of the series was roughly $39.7million, $90.2million, $91.7million, $85.6million, $86.6million, and $62.4million respectively, with the series' budget as a whole totaling $456million.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: British actor Sam Palladio was the first regular member to be cast, being announced on February 14, 2012. Australian actress and singer Clare Bowen was the next addition to the pilot, as Scarlett O'Connor, on February 17, 2012. On February 22, "General Hospital" cast member Jonathan Jackson joined the cast in the role of Avery Barkley. On February 23, Emmy Award winner Powers Boothe joined the cast as Lamar Wyatt, father of lead character. On February 29, it was announced that Hayden Panettiere had landed the role of Juliette Barnes, originally planned as the primary antagonist of the series. On March 1, 2012 Robert Wisdom was cast as Coleman Carlisle, one of the supporting regular characters. On March 5 Eric Close joined the ensemble cast as Teddy Conrad, Rayna's husband. On March 6, it was announced that Connie Britton would play leading role of Rayna Jaymes, 40-year-old fading country superstar. Britton also serves as a co-executive producer of the series. On March 13, 2012, Charles Esten joined the cast in the final regular role of Deacon Claybourne, Rayna's bandmate and former lover.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Britton stated that her character, Rayna was based on several country singers, including Faith Hill, Reba McEntire, and Bonnie Raitt. Panettiere denied that her character resembled Taylor Swift, and stated that Juliette was instead based on herself—a young woman in the entertainment industry—and Carrie Underwood.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Alongside the nine regular cast members during the first season, several actors were cast in recurring roles. Judith Hoag appeared in the series as Tandy Hampton, Rayna's sister. Sylvia Jefferies played the role of Jolene Barnes, Juliette's mother. On August 29, 2012, it was announced that Kimberly Williams-Paisley joined the cast as Margaret "Peggy" Kenter. J. D. Souther, Rya Kihlstedt, Tilky Montgomery Jones, Wyclef Jean, Susan Misner and Michiel Huisman also had major recurring roles during the first season.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: For the second season, Chris Carmack, who recurred in six episodes of season one as Will Lexington, the rising country star struggling with the realization that he might be gay, as well as Lennon Stella and Maisy Stella as Rayna's daughters, were promoted to regulars. Aubrey Peeples and Chaley Rose joined the cast in major recurring roles as Layla Grant, a runner-up in a singing competition and a new singer in Nashville who is a new rival for Juliette, and Zoey, Scarlett's childhood best friend who moves to Nashville. Oliver Hudson was cast as Jeff Fordham, the new CEO of Edgehill. Christina Chang also joined the cast as Megan Vannoy, love interest for Deacon, and Will Chase as Luke Wheeler, love interest for Rayna and currently the biggest male country artist. Charlie Bewley also appeared in the multiple-episodes arc as Charles Wentworth, a married business man, who had an affair with Juliette.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: For the third season, Will Chase and Oliver Hudson were promoted to regulars after recurring performances in season two. Tony Award winner Laura Benanti was cast in the recurring role of country star Sadie Stone. Singer Brette Taylor was cast as Pam York, Luke's new backup singer, and Alexa PenaVega for a multi-episode arc as Kiley, Gunnar's first love. "Dancing with the Stars"' Derek Hough also joined the cast for a multi-episode arc as Noah West. Grammy winner, Christina Aguilera joined the show later in season three as pop superstar Jade St. John for a multi-episode arc. on May 31, 2015 it was announced Eric Close would not be returning for the fourth season, his character was sent to prison. On July 22, 2015, it was announced that Aubrey Peeples was promoted to regular, and Oliver Hudson moved from regular to recurring. On October 13, 2015, it was announced that Panettiere was taking medical leave from the series for treatment for postpartum depression, which her character was also suffering from. In June 2016, it was announced that Aubrey Peeples and Will Chase would not continue on the series after its shift to CMT. They were the first two cast members to be cut as producers tried to bring down production costs. Britton chose to leave the series halfway through the fifth season. Later series regulars included Rachel Bilson, as Alyssa Greene who joined halfway through season five, and Cameron Scoggins as Zach Welles, who was promoted to a series regular halfway through the season. Kaitlin Doubleday was added to the main cast partway through the fifth season, as Jessie Caine, a mother and singer who returns to the scene. Jeffrey Nordling, who recurred during season five, was upped to a series regular for the sixth season, and plays Jessie's ex-husband, record label owner, and Jake's dad.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Creative executive producer Callie Khouri's husband T-Bone Burnett was the show's executive music producer and composer for the first season. When departing the series, his manager cited commitments to other projects, although Burnett later stated that he was also upset with television executives' treatment of his wife. His assistant and the managing producer Buddy Miller took over for Burnett in season two.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: On October 2, 2012, it was announced that Big Machine Records will release all covers and original songs from the series. Some songs are written by John Paul White of The Civil Wars, Hillary Lindsey, and Elvis Costello. On November 13, 2012, Big Machine announced the release of "" Original Soundtrack on December 11, 2012.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: "" was released on May 7, 2013. "The Music of Nashville, Season 1: The Complete Collection", a four-disc set, was released in the UK on September 23, 2013. This set includes the songs that were digitally released as singles in North America but not in the UK. Despite the title, it omits three of Connie Britton's songs ("Already Gone," "American Beauty" and "Stompin' Grounds") as well as Sam Palladio and David Clayton Rogers' cover of "I'm A Lonesome Fugitive." "" was released by Big Machine on December 10, 2013.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: An album of the music performed on the TV concert special "Nashville: On the Record" by many of the cast and the songwriters was released to digital download on April 22, the day before the special aired on ABC. The following compilation albums have also been released to download:


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: "Christmas With Nashville", an album featuring seasonal music performed by most of the main cast, was released on November 4, 2014. Unlike the other albums, the music was not heard on the series (with the exception of "Baby, It's Cold Outside," performed by Britton and Will Chase).


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: "Nashville: On the Record 2" aired on March 25, 2015, featuring most of the main cast plus Deana Carter and Reba McEntire. An album of the music performed (other than McEntire's) was released to digital download. One of the most intriguing features of this album was Charles Esten's songwriting debut with Deana Carter on "I Know How To Love You Now" which he performed live during the season three premiere.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: "Nashville: On the Record 3 (Live)", featuring performances from many of the cast in concert, was released on December 16, 2015 to digital download.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: "The Best of Nashville", a compilation CD of the series' entire catalog, was released on November 2, 2018.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: After successful American tours in 2014 and 2015, dates in the United Kingdom and Ireland were announced along with further US performances in 2016. More UK performances followed in 2017. Another U.S. tour in the summer of 2017, and a final UK tour came in spring 2018; the tour was kicked off with a final season celebration at the Grand Ole Opry on March 25, 2018.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: On May 12, 2016 ABC cancelled the country music drama after a season of flagging ratings. The cancellation came as a surprise due to the fact that the network had named new show runners Marshall Herskovitz and Ed Zwick prior to the cancellation, and previous network president Paul Lee had stated that ""Nashville" has a lot more story to tell" during the TCA winter press tour. Amidst the cancellation, Lionsgate TV was so confident in its efforts to find a new home for "Nashville" that the studio opted to forgo the happily-ever-after alternative series ending it had planned in order to give closure to fans, and go instead with a cliffhanger ending in the season 4 finale. Fans began to doubt the efforts of Lionsgate when actress and executive producer Connie Britton began to embark on what seemed to be a swan song of nighttime talk show appearances.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Over 171,000 signatures were received on a #BringBackNashville petition. The night of the season finale Lionsgate tweeted "#Nashies What a cliffhanger! But we won't leave you hanging. There's more story to be told. #BringBackNashville." The producing partner had already been fielding offers from four or five networks. As the negotiations began to draw to a close, it was rumored that the announcement would be made during the high-profile CMT Music Awards. When no announcement was made, fans began to doubt the show's return. On June 10, 2016, CMT released a press statement stating that a deal had been made with CMT and Hulu. CMT would air a full season of 22 episodes, and Hulu would make them available the next day as well as carry the entirety of the shows backlog. The pick-up was assisted by $11million in economic incentives: $8.5million coming via the State of Tennessee Film Office, $1million from the City of Nashville, $1million from the Nashville Convention & Visitor Corp., and $500,000 from Ryman Hospitality. It was announced on June 29, 2016 that all cast members with the exception of Will Chase and Aubrey Peeples would return for season 5.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: On January 4, 2017, CMT announced that there would be a Nashville aftershow entitled "NashChat". "Nashchat" aired live across social media platforms immediately following every new episode. It was interactive with the fans, and featured a cast member appearing each week. The host of "Nashchat" is a co-host of the morning radio show "The Bobby Bones Show", Amy Brown. "NashChat" did not return for season six. , the episodes are available on CMT's official YouTube account.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The first season received critical acclaim. Metacritic gave the show a rating of 84 out of 100 or "universal acclaim" based on 32 reviews. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a rating of 92% based on 50 reviews, and the average rating is 8.58/10. The consensus on the site reads ""Nashville" promotes catchy pop-western tunes and plays to non-fans of the genre with its sharp atmosphere and its stellar narratives." Season one was called one of the most exciting new series of the 2012 Fall season. Alan Sepinwell stated that the series was "a smart mix of soap opera, music and political intrigue." The series drew more soap comparison, with David Hiltbrand drawing comparisons to hit-soap, "Dynasty", and praising the dynamic of leads Rayna, and Juliette. The performances of Britton, Panettiere and Boothe received critical acclaim.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The second season received positive reviews, with a rating of 100% based on nine reviews on Rotten Tomatoes.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Season three also earned positive reviews. Rotten Tomatoes gave the season a rating of 100% based on eight reviews, the average rating is 8/10. Critics praised the season's continuing good quality, with "Rolling Stone" saying "It's nice to call Nashville – and to have Nashville – home."


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The fourth season opened to positive reviews, scoring an 89% on Rotten Tomatoes. Critics praised Hayden Panettiere's performance, with Lindsay MacDonald stating "First of all, a round of applause for Hayden Panettiere and her amazing range. She portrayed the full spectrum of emotion, from flirty to bitchy to carefree to decimated. She might be all over the board, but she owns every single scene.", and the general consensus praising the show's soap elements, and the general music focus. Kaitlin Thomas from TV.com claimed that the series was "the greatest modern soap the world has ever seen".


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The season five premiere was well received. Most critics praised the season premiere, stating "The original tenor of the series is one of the things that made it so appealing in the first place. Add to this that the tempo of the narrative is ideal, and episodes never drag.", though Gwen Ihnat from "The A.V. Club" criticized the season, stating ""Nashville" now almost always bums me out, even more so because it used to be a show I once looked forward to every week. But I haven't felt that way in quite a while now."


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Rotten tomatoes gives the season an 80%, based on six critics, the lowest of all seasons. "Entertainment Weekly"s Kristen Baldwin gave the season a B+, and stated "In the end, "Nashville" remained true to its central love story." Ken Tucker of "Yahoo! TV" gave a positive review, and wrote "When you combine this bubbly soap opera material with amusingly lively scenes of Will, Avery, and Gunnar getting together to form the band you didn't know you'd always wanted, "Nashville" seems to be going out with an enjoyable blast." "New York Magazine" gave the season premiere a 3/5. Conversely, Savannah Brooks of "The Young Folks" claims that "the characters used to be happy and have a purpose. It's time to stop letting one character's death dictate the rest of the series", in regards to the sixth season, rating it a 4/10. TVLine cited the cult plotline of the season as one of the worst plot twists of the last decade.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: In June 2012, "Nashville" was one of five honorees in the Most Exciting New Series category at the Critics' Choice Television Awards, voted by journalists who had seen the television pilots for the 2012–13 season. The pilot episode received critical acclaim, specifically praising Callie Khouri's writing, casting, and the performances of Connie Britton and Hayden Panettiere. At the 70th Golden Globe Awards, Britton was nominated for Best Actress and Panettiere was nominated for Best Supporting Actress, while the series was nominated for Favorite New TV Drama at the 39th People's Choice Awards and Best New Series at the 65th Writers Guild of America Awards; Britton was also nominated for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series at the Primetime Emmy Awards. At the 71st Golden Globe Awards, Panettiere received a second nomination for Best Supporting Actress. At the 6th Critics' Choice Television Awards, Panettiere was nominated for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series and Jonathan Jackson was nominated for Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Hulu acquired the streaming rights to all seasons of the show for the United States for its subscription tiers. Later, AXS TV secured a deal for off-network cable rights for the series and currently airs repeats. During the transition from ABC to CMT, Hulu acquired the exclusive streaming rights to "Nashville" catalogue.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: The series has been noted multiple times for its impact on the economy of the state of Tennessee and is credited with increasing tourism to the city and the state. The director of the Grand Ole Opry has stated that the series brought awareness to the arena, while the "Tennessean" reports that the series brought an "incredible wave of growth, media attention and tourism for its namesake city". Butch Spyridon, president and CEO of the Nashville Convention & Visitors Corporation, claimed that the show was a "huge [...] marketing asset, has put an important spotlight on our songwriter community and the cast members have been incredible advocates for [the city] as well". The series also brought a wave of tourism to the city, with 1 in 5 visitors to the city attributed to having watched the series. "Nashville" viewers also spent more money and stayed longer in town than usual visitors. Erika Woolam Nichols, COO of The Bluebird Cafe, which was often promoted on the series, stated that "[The Bluebird] [has] had a lot more interest in the venue from the general public; not just music fans as in the past but a greater cross-section of the population. Now our shows sell out in minutes rather than a few days", while noting that the venue has "lots of people who just want to have their picture taken in front of the club." With the series being "a brand" for ABC and Disney, the network set up several Nashville-themed tours and activities; including a four-day, three-night tour package. Further reflecting the series' status as a brand, several displays and promotional posters are on display at Disney World in the ABC Commissary Restaurant.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: On March 5, 2019, it was announced that Scott Delman had acquired the theatrical rights to the series to produce a Broadway musical adaptation of the series with an all-new score.


title: Nashville (2012 TV series)

text: Several of the series' cast members, including Clare Bowen, Sam Palladio, and Jonathan Jackson reunited for the CMT documentary film "Bluebird". The special aired on February 19, 2020, on CMT and was an in-depth look at the Bluebird Cafe in Nashville, where the show shot many scenes throughout its run. Also featured in the documentary were many prominent musicians, including Maren Morris, Kacey Musgraves, Taylor Swift, and several more.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Resident Evil: Extinction is a 2007 action horror film directed by Russell Mulcahy and written by Paul W. S. Anderson. A direct sequel to "" (2004), it is the third installment in the "Resident Evil" film series, which is loosely based on the Capcom survival horror video game series of the same name. The film follows the heroine Alice, along with a group of survivors from Raccoon City, as they attempt to travel across the Mojave desert wilderness to Alaska and escape a zombie apocalypse.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: In November 2005, Screen Gems gained the rights for the third installment in the franchise, which was then subtitled "Extinction". Anderson returned as a writer, and filming took place in Mexico with Mulcahy as the director.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: "Resident Evil: Extinction" was released in the United States on September 21, 2007 and was released in the United Kingdom on October 12, 2007, by Sony Pictures Releasing. The DVD and Blu-ray versions were released in North America on January 1, 2008. The film grossed $147 million against a $45 million budget. A fourth film, "", was released in 2010.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: A cloned Alice wakes up in a mansion, wanders through its halls, and is forced to escape several security traps, mirroring some events of the first film. During her escape, Alice makes use of new telekinetic powers, killing a security guard. However, she is eventually killed by a bounding mine hidden in the floor. Her body is dumped into a pit filled with dozens of other Alice clones, representing the failed results of the Umbrella Corporation's ongoing Project Alice.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Following Umbrella's attempts to cover up the , the T-virus spreads around the world, devastating not only the human population, but the entire global environment in the next five years. The real Alice wanders the wasteland that was once the Southwestern U.S., and after fighting off a family of marauders, discovers information in an abandoned notebook referring to an uninfected area in Alaska. Alice realizes that she, like her clones, has developed telekinesis.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Simultaneously, a convoy of survivors led by Claire Redfield and Raccoon City survivors Carlos Oliveira and L.J. Wade travels across the country in search of supplies and safe harbor. While searching a motel, L.J. is bitten by a zombie. Fearing the harsh fate that awaits him, he chooses not to tell the other survivors about the injury. The next morning, the convoy is attacked by a murderous flock of infected crows. With the team nearly overwhelmed, Alice appears and defeats the remaining crows with her newfound telekinesis, though falling unconscious. Awaking shortly thereafter, Alice is introduced to Claire and tells her about the notebook, convincing her to take the convoy to Alaska.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Isaacs' attempts to domesticate the infected lead to the creation of a new zombie breed. Wesker's security officer, Captain Alexander Slater, reports on Isaacs' disregard for Umbrella regulations. Wesker tasks Slater with watching Isaacs, telling him to kill the scientist if he disobeys orders again. Tracing an energy pattern sent out by Alice's telekinesis, Umbrella triangulates her location. Desperate to reclaim Alice for the sake of achieving his goals, Dr. Isaacs sends his new zombies to ambush the convoy against Wesker's specific orders. During the attack, most of the convoy is killed, and L.J. succumbs to his infection, biting Carlos. Umbrella tries to shut Alice down remotely, but she breaks free from Umbrella's programming and continues to fight. She finds Isaacs at the scene, and he is bitten as he flees via helicopter. Alice and K-Mart use Isaacs' computer to track the helicopter's flight path, leading them to Umbrella's underground facility.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Approaching the scene, Alice meets a holograph of the Red Queen's "sister" AI, the White Queen. She informs Alice that her blood can cure the T-virus, defends the Red Queen's prior actions, and reveals what happened to Dr. Isaacs. On her way to the lab's lower levels, Alice encounters one of her clones, which awakens but appears to die from shock soon after. Alice discovers Isaacs/Tyrant, defeating him after leading him to the replica of The Hive's laser corridor featured in the film's opening. Just as Alice is about to meet the same fate, the system is deactivated by the clone, who is still alive.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Later in Tokyo, Wesker informs his fellow Umbrella executives that the North American facility has been lost. Alice appears during the meeting, declaring that she and her "friends" (the other clones) are coming for him.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: "Resident Evil: Extinction" was first discussed by "Resident Evil" franchise writer Paul W. S. Anderson after "Resident Evil: Apocalypse" opened at number 1 on the US box office in 2004, earning more than $23.7 million dollars on its opening weekend. Anderson told SciFi Wire that he would like to oversee a third installment, under the original title of "Resident Evil: Afterlife". Shortly after, the film and another planned sequel were officially announced by Sony Screen Gems on June 13, 2005.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: On November 7, 2005, Davis Film, Constantin Film and Screen Gems announced their distribution rights worldwide with the film's title being changed from "" to "Resident Evil: Extinction". Impressed with Russell Mulcahy's work on "Highlander", "", "The Shadow" and "Ricochet", Anderson signed Mulcahy on as director, stating, "Russell pioneered a very distinct visual style, a lot of moving camera and crane work, lots of very fast cutting. He’s got a very cool eye and sees great ways to shoot. His work certainly had a big influence on me as a filmmaker and that’s why I was very excited to work with him on this movie."


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: On June 12, 2005, Milla Jovovich was announced to reprise her role as the heroine Alice. In an interview with BlackFilm.com on September 9, 2005, Mike Epps confirmed that he would be reprising his role from "" as L.J. Wade, noting that "Black people die in these movies and [Anderson] was like, 'Well Mike, I kinda like you.' So then I asked him, 'Are you setting me up to die because if there's a fourth movie, I'm as good as dead.'" Sienna Guillory was planned to reprise her role as Jill Valentine; however, she passed on the role, citing commitments to "Eragon". On May 9, 2006, Oded Fehr was confirmed to reprise his role of Carlos Oliveira, as well as Iain Glen, Spencer Locke and Ashanti Douglas who were added to the cast. It was rumored that Debra Marshall was originally cast as Cindy Lennox. However, it was proven to be only a rumor. Chris Redfield was rumored to appear in the film portrayed by Australian actor Charlie Clausen and Leon S. Kennedy was also rumored to be played by Jensen Ackles.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: The film's story takes place in Death Valley, where the large scale action sequences take place amid post-apocalyptic landscapes of Las Vegas in broad daylight. Drawing inspirations from Western films and post-apocalyptic movies, including the "Mad Max" series, "Extinction" manages to reference such predecessors, with plot elements revolving around the shortage of oil, the shortage of supplies, a convoy traveling across a desert, and the desert taking over civilized land.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Anderson stated that the film's story is original and unfolds in a world that fans of the game recognize: "It's all part of trying to deliver a movie-going experience that satisfies the fans of the game but also provides a fun cinematic experience for a broader audience that has never played a "Resident Evil" game." The story takes place five years after the events of "". While previous installments in the series had minor changes to plot and characters, "Extinction" branches completely away from the video game series as evidenced by the fact that "Resident Evil 4" takes place six years after the events portrayed in "Resident Evil 2" and the world has not become overrun with zombies. References to "" are made, such as the replica mansion and the viral outbreak itself. A common element used throughout each "Resident Evil" film is the climactic battle which occurs in the finale. "Extinction" marked the first appearance of herbs, a healing item in the video game series, as seen in Dr. Isaac's lab, and it also referenced the first film with the inclusion of a replica Hive facility designed after the one in Raccoon City, the Raccoon City Hospital, a holographic computer database known as the White Queen, and the replica Spencer Mansion.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Numerous references to the video game series have been made, including zombies being unleashed through a T-virus mutation. While the concept of the undead remains the same, this film includes "Super Undead". As Anderson explains, these are "a result of Umbrella experimenting with the Undead and attempting to give them back some of their reasoning power, some of their intelligence and a little of their humanity. Unfortunately, these experiments don't quite work and the side effect is the Super Undead, which are Undead that are faster, stronger and [a] more cunning foe." Other creatures from the video game series have also made appearances in the film, including the Tyrant, a swarm of crows, and a pack of Dobermans (although Belgian Shepherd Dogs were used during production).


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Two main characters were added to the film's cast: Albert Wesker (portrayed by Jason O'Mara) and Claire Redfield (portrayed by Ali Larter) from "Resident Evil 2".


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Horror magazine "Fangoria" featured the film in its August 2007 issue and also on the cover of its September 2007 issue, talking with director Russell Mulcahy. The following details reported were inaccurate, possibly indicating to a change in the storyline:


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: "Resident Evil: Extinction" began principal photography in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico in May 2006 after filming locations had to be changed from the Australian Outback to Mexico, causing production dates to be pushed back repeatedly from November 2005 to May 2006. Numerous sets were designed by production designer Eugenio Caballero including Umbrella's underground laboratory, the Las Vegas Strip, the New York-New York Hotel & Casino, Paris Las Vegas, Realto Ponte, Luxor Hotel and the replica of the Spencer Mansion. The film entered post-production in late July 2006 with details about production being kept secret and with the film's special effects being covered by Tatopoulos Studios and Mr. X Inc., whom both worked on the 2006 film "Silent Hill".


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: In late June 2006, Sony released the film's first two production stills which included Alice wearing a costume designed by her fashion company Jovovich–Hawk and Claire Redfield.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: The film's teaser trailer was shown with "Ghost Rider" on February 16, 2007, and was structured in the same manner of the "Regenerate" teaser trailer for "Apocalypse". The film's website was launched by Sony on February 17, 2007 with confirmation of its September 21, 2007 release date.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: The film's teaser poster was leaked onto the internet via a fansite in May 2007, before appearing on IGN, whereas a German website leaked concept art for "Extinction" including vehicle and numerous set designs. The film's theatrical trailer premiered on Yahoo! Movies in late July 2007, with NBC releasing several scenes including the crow attack sequence. The social networking website Myspace also featured numerous clips of four of the main characters—Claire Redfield, Carlos Oliveira, Nurse Betty, and Alice. The official website for "Extinction" launched an online game titled "Resident Evil: Extinction – Online Convoy Game" in August 2007. On September 12, 2007 Sony released numerous promotional clips and television spots and on September 17, 2007 the was released, whereas the was released on December 18, 2007.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: On July 31, 2007, a full two months before the film's release, a novelization by Keith R. A. DeCandido was published. At 368 pages, it is the longest of all of the "Resident Evil" novels. DeCandido also wrote the novelizations of the first (subtitled as "Genesis") and films.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: "Resident Evil: Extinction" was released on DVD, UMD, and high-definition Blu-ray Disc in North America on January 1, 2008. A Blu-ray release of the "Resident Evil" trilogy, featuring the three films in one package was also released on January 1. A 3-disc DVD set of the "Resident Evil" trilogy was also made available in 2008. Milla Jovovich and Oded Fehr filmed a commentary while Jovovich was pregnant, which Fehr expects to be shown "in a little square box in the corner" of the Blu-ray version. The DVD and Blu-ray versions of the film showed previews for "", a trailer of "Devil May Cry 4", and a video of "Resident Evil 5". "Resident Evil: Extinction" was released on DVD in Australia on February 13, 2008 and in the UK on the February 18, 2008.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: The film was the number one movie at the North American box office on its opening weekend, grossing $23 million in 2,828 theaters, averaging $8,372 per theater. As of January 1, 2008, the film had grossed $50,648,679 domestically and $97 million internationally for a worldwide total of $148.4 million.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: On Rotten Tomatoes it has an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The site's critics consensus reads, ""Resident Evil: Extinction" is more of the same; its few impressive action sequences unable to compensate for the pedestrian plot." On Metacritic it has score of 41 out of 100, based on reviews from 12 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade B− on scale of A to F.


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Steven Hyden of "The Onion"′s A.V. Club said that "the movie delivers some simple-minded thrills" and praised the "solidly effective killer-ravens sequence" but felt the film was too predictable, saying: "Anybody who has ever seen a zombie movie can figure out what happens next. Somebody will get bit without telling the others, which will inevitably backfire. Survivors will be forced to shoot suddenly undead friends in the head. One of them dastardly science folk will protect the monsters in order to study them, which will also inevitably backfire. And legions of undead will be re-killed in surprisingly easy fashion."


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Kevin Crust of "The Los Angeles Times" praised the film, saying that "the story and characters are surprisingly engaging, with fight scenes and scares effectively placed between plot turns" although he felt that the ending was too "open-ended".


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Kyle Smith of the "New York Post" gave "Extinction" half a star out of a possible four, saying that the film was "no more interesting than watching someone else play with his Playstation".


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Scott Brown of "Entertainment Weekly" said that "Extinction" "plays like a flabby middle chapter, full of nerdy details but fraudulently short on the ruined Vegas-scape that ads have been promising." Jack Mathews of the "New York Daily News" gave the film a score of one and a half stars out of five, calling the action scenes "monotonous" and urging audiences to "flee this yawn of the dead."


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Helen O'Hara of "Empire" gave "Extinction" a score of 2 out of five, but said that the film was "better than """ and had "an effectively creepy empty world setting"."


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: Frank Scheck says that as the film is "fast-paced and filled with brisk action sequences", it should "reasonably satisfy the devotees." Maitland McDonagh of "TV Guide" gave the film a score of two and a half stars out of four, saying: "Equal parts "Mad Max" and "Day of the Dead", ["Extinction"] is no less derivative than its predecessors but moves along at a brisk clip." Pete Vonder Haar of Film Threat gave "Extinction" a score of three out of five, saying that the film had "rather lazy pacing" but added that "the way Anderson keeps upping the ante with regard to Alice's ultimate fate continues to amuse."


title: Resident Evil: Extinction

text: A common complaint was the noticeable digital airbrushing on many close-up shots of Jovovich's face, which many reviewers found bizarre or unnecessary. The film won the Golden Trailer Award for Best Action Poster and was nominated for Best TV Spot.


title: Deobandi

text: Deobandi is a revivalist movement within Sunni Islam, adhering to the Hanafi school of law, formed in the late 19th century around the Darul Uloom Madrassa in Deoband, India, from which the name derives, by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, and several others, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857–58. The movement pioneered education in religious sciences through the "Dars-i-Nizami" associated with the Lucknow-based "ulema" of Firangi Mahal with the goal of preserving Islamic teachings under colonial rule. The Deobandi movement's political wing, Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, was founded in 1919 and played a major role in the Indian independence movement through its propagation of the doctrine of composite nationalism.


title: Deobandi

text: Theologically, the Deobandis uphold the doctrine of "taqlid" (conformity to legal precedent) and adhere to the Hanafi school. Founders of the Deobandi school Nanautavi and Gangohi drew inspiration from the religio-political doctrines of the prominent South Asian Islamic scholar and Sufi reformer Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (1703–1762 CE / 1114–1175 AH). In its early years, the Deobandi school engaged in interfaith debates with Christian and Hindu scholars in a peaceful manner, and Deobandi philosophers talked about Hindu-Muslim unity, multiculturalism and opposition to the partition of India.


title: Deobandi

text: Since 1979, the movement has been influenced by Salafism imported by United States from Saudi Arabia, particularly in Afghanistan and Pakistan. From the early 1980s to the early 2000s, some Deobandis were heavily funded by the Saudi government. The Pakistani government cultivated Deobandi militancy to fight the Soviet Union in Afghanistan and India in Kashmir. The money and guns supplied later fuelled civil conflict. The movement has spread from India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh to the United Kingdom, and has a presence in South Africa. The Pakistani and Afghan branches and the original Indian seminaries have far less contact since the Partition of India, for political reasons related to the India–Pakistan border. Followers of the Deobandi movement are extremely diverse; some advocate for non-violence and others are militant.


title: Deobandi

text: British colonialism in India was seen by a group of Indian scholars—consisting of Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi, Shah Rafi al-Din, Sayyid Muhammad Abid, Zulfiqar Ali, Fazlur Rahman Usmani and Muhammad Qasim Nanotvi—to be corrupting Islam. The group founded an Islamic seminary ("madrassa") known as Darul Uloom Deoband, where the Islamic revivalist and anti-imperialist ideology of the Deobandis began to develop. In time, the Darul Uloom Deoband became the second largest focal point of Islamic teaching and research after the Al-Azhar University, Cairo. Towards the time of the Indian independence movement and afterward in post-colonial India, the Deobandis advocated a notion of composite nationalism by which Hindus and Muslims were seen as one nation who were asked to be united in the struggle against the British rule.


title: Deobandi

text: In 1919, a large group of Deobandi scholars formed the political party Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind and opposed the partition of India. Deobandi scholar Maulana Syed Husain Ahmad Madani helped to spread these ideas through his text "Muttahida Qaumiyat Aur Islam". A group later dissented from this position and joined Muhammad Ali Jinnah's Muslim League, including Ashraf Ali Thanwi, Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Zafar Ahmad Usmani and Muhammad Shafi Deobandi, who formed the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam in 1945.


title: Deobandi

text: Through the organisations such as Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind and Tablighi Jamaat, the Deobandi movement began to spread. Graduates of Darul Uloom Deoband in India from countries such as South Africa, China, and Malaysia opened thousands of "madaaris" throughout the world.


title: Deobandi

text: Of the world's 1.8 billion Muslims, Deobandism is followed by roughly 20% or 300-400 Million of them. These are concentrated mainly in the Indian Subcontinent and in the United Kingdom. Deobandism's large following is due at least partially to its ideological similarities to Salafism and Hanafi Fiqh.


title: Deobandi

text: Of Pakistan's estimated 230 million Muslims, some 15-30% or 40-80 million Pakistani Muslims consider themselves Deobandi, forming majority in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. It is the most followed Movement among Pashtuns and Balochs According to Heritage Online, nearly 65% of the total seminaries (Madrasah) in Pakistan are run by Deobandis, whereas 25% are run by Barelvis, 6% by Ahl-i Hadith and 3% by various Shia organizations. The Deobandi movement in Pakistan was a major recipient of funding from Saudi Arabia from the early 1980s up until the early 2000s, whereafter this funding was diverted to the rival Ahl al-Hadith movement. Having seen Deoband as a counterbalance to Iranian influence in the region, Saudi funding is now strictly reserved for the Ahl al-Hadith.


title: Deobandi

text: Deobandi-affiliated groups such as the TTP, SSP, Let, etc. have a militant character and have attacked and destroyed Sufi sites holy to Sunni Muslims of the Barelvi movement, such as Data Darbar in Lahore, Abdullah Shah Ghazi's tomb in Karachi, Khal Magasi in Balochistan, and Rahman Baba's tomb in Peshawar.


title: Deobandi

text: As with the rest of the Indian subcontinent, the majority of Muslims in Bangladesh are traditional Sunni, who mainly follow the Hanafi school of jurisprudence (madh'hab) and consequently the Maturidi school of theology. The majority of them are Deobandi along with Tablighi (51%) Or 80 Million Muslims and Barelvi or Sufi (26%); the Deobandi, in the form of Qawmi institutions, own the vast majority of private Islamic seminaries and produce the majority of the ulema in Bangladesh. Among Sunnis who are not traditional Hanafi, the Salafi-influenced Ahle Hadith and the Jamaat e Islami (19%) have a substantial following.


title: Deobandi

text: Deobandi Islam is the most popular form of pedagogy in the Pashtun belt on both sides of the Durand Line that separates Afghanistan and Pakistan. Moreover, prominent Afghan and Pakistani Taliban leaders have studied in Deobandi seminaries.


title: Deobandi

text: In the 1970s, Deobandis opened the first British-based Muslim religious seminaries (Darul-Ulooms), educating imams and religious scholars. Deobandis "have been quietly meeting the religious and spiritual needs of a significant proportion of British Muslims, and are perhaps the most influential British Muslim group." In 2015 Ofsted highlighted the Deobandi seminary in Holcombe as a good example of a school "promoting British values, preventing radicalisation and protecting children". The journalist, Andrew Norfolk, did not agree with this assessment.


title: Deobandi

text: According to a 2007 report by Andrew Norfolk, published in "The Times", about 600 of Britain's nearly 1,500 mosques were under the control of "a hardline sect", whose leading preacher loathed Western values, called on Muslims to "shed blood" for Allah and preached contempt for Jews, Christians and Hindus. The same investigative report further said that 17 of the country's 26 Islamic seminaries follow the ultra-conservative Deobandi teachings which "The Times" said had given birth to the Taliban. According to "The Times", almost 80% of all domestically trained Ulema were being trained in these hardline seminaries. An opinion column in "The Guardian" described this report as "a toxic mixture of fact, exaggeration and outright nonsense."


title: Deobandi

text: In 2014 it was reported that 45 per cent of Britain's mosques and nearly all the UK-based training of Islamic scholars are controlled by the Deobandi, the largest single Islamic group.


title: Deobandi

text: Most Muslim prison chaplaincies in Britain are Deobandi, and in 2016 Michael Spurr (chief executive of the National Offender Management Service) wrote to Britain's prison governors bringing to their attention that Ofsted had said that "the UK’s most influential Deobandi seminary promotes 'fundamental British values such as democracy, individual liberty and mutual respect and tolerance for those of different faiths'."


title: Deobandi

text: The Deobandi movement sees itself as a scholastic tradition that grew out of the Islamic scholastic traditions of Medieval Transoxania and Mughal India, and it considers its visionary forefather to be Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (1703-1762). Dehlawi was a contemporary of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703 - 1792), a great scholer, and they studied in Medina under some of the same teachers.


title: Deobandi

text: Deobandis are strong proponents of the doctrine of "Taqlid". In other words, they believe that a Deobandi must adhere to one of the four schools (madhhabs) of Sunni Islamic Law and generally discourage inter-school eclecticism. They themselves claims the followers of the Hanafi school. Students at madrasas affiliated with the Deobandi movement study the classic books of Hanafi Law such as "Nur al-Idah", "Mukhtasar al-Quduri", "Sharh al-Wiqayah", and "Kanz al-Daqa’iq", culminating their study of the madhhab with the "Hidayah" of "al-Marghinani".


title: Deobandi

text: With regard to views on "Taqlid", one of their main opposing reformist groups are the Ahl-i-Hadith, also known as the "Ghair Muqallid", the nonconformists, because they eschewed "taqlid" in favor of the direct use of Quran and Hadith. They often accuse those who adhere to the rulings of one scholar or legal school of blind imitation"," and frequently demand scriptural evidence for every argument and legal ruling. Almost since the very beginnings of the movement, Deobandi scholars have generated a copious amount of scholarly output in an attempt to defend their adherence to a "madhhab" in general. In particular, Deobandis have penned much literature in defense of their argument that the Hanafi madhhab is in complete accordance with the "Quran" and "Hadith".


title: Deobandi

text: In response to this need to defend their "madhhab" in the light of scripture, Deobandis became particularly distinguished for their unprecedented salience to the study of "Hadith" in their madrasas. Their "madrasa" curriculum incorporates a feature unique among the global arena of Islamic scholarship, the "Daura-e Hadis", the capstone year of a student's advanced madrasa training, in which all six canonical collections of the Sunni Hadith (the "Sihah Sittah") are reviewed.


title: Deobandi

text: In a Deobandi madrasa, the position of "Shaykh al-Hadith", or the resident professor of Sahih Bukhari, is held in much reverence. Their views were widely shared by a broad range of Islamic reform movements of the colonial period.


title: Deobandi

text: Deobandis oppose traditional Sufi practices such as celebrating the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and seeking help from him, the celebration of "Urs", pilgrimage to the shrines of Sufi saints, practice of "Sema", and loud "dhikr". Some Deobandi leaders incorporate elements of Sufism into their practices. Deoband's curriculum combined the study of Islamic holy scriptures (Quran, hadith and law) with rational subjects (logic, philosophy and science). At the same time it was Sufi in orientation and affiliated with the Chisti order.


title: Deobandi

text: Arshad Madani, principal of Darul Uloom Deoband and an influential Deobandi scholar and leader of Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, on the other hand rejected Sufism and said, "Sufism is no sect of Islam. It is not found in the Quran or Hadith. ... So what is Sufism in itself? This is a thing for those who don't know Quran and Hadith." He also said, "Sufism is nothing."


title: Deobandi

text: Founders of the Deobandi school, Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi and Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, were inspired by the religio-political doctrine of Shah Waliullah and also by Wahhabi ideology, amongst other sources of inspiration. Gangohi studied under the Sufi shaykh Haji Imdadullah Muhajir Makki, although he differed with his views in many ways. Gangohi's "Fatawa-yi Rashidiyya" opposed traditional Sufi practices such as loud "dhikr", visiting the tombs of Sufi saints, celebrating "Urs", visualizing or contemplating on a Sufi master ("tasawwur-e-shaykh"), reciting the "Fatihah" on special occasions, and engaging in "Sema".


title: Deobandi

text: Darul Uloom Deoband's conservatism and fundamentalist theology has latterly led to a "de facto" fusion of its teachings with Wahhabism in Pakistan, which "has all but shattered the mystical Sufi presence" there. Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhlawi, noted hadith scholar and Sufi Shaykh of Deobandis, says that,


title: Deobandi

text: According to Brannon D. Ingram, Deobandis differ from Barelvis on three theological positions. Gangohi stated that God has the ability to lie. This doctrine is called "Imkan-i Kizb". According to this doctrine, because God is omnipotent, God is capable of lying. Gangohi also supported the doctrine that God has the ability to make additional prophets after Muhammad ("Imkan-i Nazir") and other prophets equal to Muhammad. Gangohi clarifies that although God has the ability to make prophets on "par" with Muhammad, he "would never do so." This goes against traditional Sufi beliefs which see Prophet Muhammad as the apex of creation. Gangohi opposed the Sufi doctrine that Muhammad has knowledge of the unseen ("ilm e ghaib"). This belief of the Deobandis conflicts with traditional Sufi views of Muhammad having unparalleled and unequal knowledge that encompasses the unseen realm. Gangohi also issued multiple fatwas against the Mawlid and stated it is an innovation ("bidah"), opposed the practice of standing up in honour of Muhammad during Mawlid.


title: Deobandi

text: Jamiat Ulema-I-Hind is one of the leading Deobandi organizations in India. It was founded in British India in 1919 by Abdul Mohasim Sajjad, Qazi Hussain Ahmed, Ahmed Saeed Dehlvi, and Mufti Muhammad Naeem Ludhianvi and the most importantly Kifayatullah Dehlawi who was elected the first president of Jamiat and remained in this post for 20 years. The Jamiat has propounded a theological basis for its nationalistic philosophy. Their thesis is that Muslims and non-Muslims have entered upon a mutual contract in India since independence, to establish a secular state. The Constitution of India represents this contract.


title: Deobandi

text: Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) is a Deobandi organization, part of the Deobandi movement. The JUI formed when members broke from the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind in 1945 after that organization backed the Indian National Congress against the Muslim League's lobby for a separate Pakistan. The first president of the JUI was Shabbir Ahmad Usmani.


title: Deobandi

text: Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam (), also known in short as Ahrar, was a conservative Deobandi political party in the Indian subcontinent during the British Raj (prior to the independence of Pakistan) founded 29 December 1929 at Lahore. Chaudhry Afzal Haq, Syed Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari, Habib-ur-Rehman Ludhianvi, Mazhar Ali Azhar, Zafar Ali Khan and Dawood Ghaznavi were the founders of the party. The Ahrar was composed of Indian Muslims disillusioned by the Khilafat Movement, which cleaved closer to the Congress Party. The party was associated with opposition to Muhammad Ali Jinnah and against establishment of an independent Pakistan as well as criticism of the Ahmadiyya movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, Majlis-e-Ahrar divided in two parts. Now, Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam is working for the sake of Muhammad, nifaaz Hakomat-e-illahiyya and Khidmat-e-Khalq. In Pakistan, Ahrar secretariat is in Lahore and in India it is based in Ludhiana.


title: Deobandi

text: Tablighi Jamaat, a non-political Deobandi missionary organisation, began as an offshoot of the Deobandi movement. Its inception is believed to be a response to Hindu reform movements, which were considered a threat to vulnerable and non-practising Deobandi Muslims. It gradually expanded from a local to a national organisation, and finally to a transnational movement with followers in over 200 countries. Although its beginnings were from the Deobandi movement, it has now established an independent identity though it still maintains close ties with Deobandi ulema in many countries with large South Asian Muslim populations such as the UK.


title: Deobandi

text: Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LJ) (Army of Jhangvi) was a Deobandi militant organization. Formed in 1996, it operated in Pakistan as an offshoot of Sipah-e-Sahaba (SSP). Riaz Basra broke away from the SSP over differences with his seniors. The group, now practically defunct since the unsuccessful Operation Zarb-e-Azab, is considered a terrorist group by Pakistan and the United States, It was involved in attacks on civilians and protectors of them. Lashkar-e-Jhangvi is predominantly Punjabi. The group has been labelled by intelligence officials in Pakistan as a major security threat.


title: Deobandi

text: The Taliban ("students"), alternative spelling Taleban, is an Islamic fundamentalist political and militant movement in Afghanistan. It spread into Afghanistan and formed a government, ruling as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan from September 1996 until December 2001, with Kandahar as the capital.


title: Deobandi

text: While in power, it enforced its strict interpretation of Sharia law. While many leading Muslims and Islamic scholars have been highly critical of the Taliban's interpretations of Islamic law, the Darul Uloom Deoband has consistently supported the Taliban in Afghanistan, including their 2001 destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan, and the majority of the Taliban's leaders were influenced by Deobandi fundamentalism. Pashtunwali, the Pashtun tribal code, also played a significant role in the Taliban's legislation. The Taliban were condemned internationally for their brutal treatment of women.


title: Deobandi

text: Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (the TTP), alternatively referred to as the Pakistani Taliban, is an umbrella organization of various Islamist militant groups based in the northwestern Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Afghan border in Pakistan. In December 2007 about 13 groups united under the leadership of Baitullah Mehsud to form the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. Among the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan's stated objectives are resistance against the Pakistani state, enforcement of their interpretation of sharia and a plan to unite against NATO-led forces in Afghanistan.


title: Deobandi

text: The TTP is not directly affiliated with the Afghan Taliban movement led by Mullah Omar, with both groups differing greatly in their histories, strategic goals and interests although they both share a primarily Deobandi interpretation of Islam and are predominantly Pashtun.


title: Deobandi

text: Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) is a banned Pakistani militant organization, and a formerly registered Pakistani political party. Established in the early 1980s in Jhang by the militant leader Haq Nawaz Jhangvi, its stated goal is primarily to deter major Shiite influence in Pakistan in the wake of the Iranian Revolution. The organization was banned by President Pervez Musharraf in 2002 as being a terrorist group under the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1997.


title: Deobandi

text: In October 2000 Masood Azhar, another militant leader, and founder of Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM), was quoted as saying that "Sipah-e-Sahaba stands shoulder to shoulder with Jaish-e-Muhammad in Jehad." A leaked U.S. diplomatic cable described JeM as "another SSP breakaway Deobandi organization."


title: Deobandi

text: Right after Darul Uloom Deoband, the main center of Deobandism throughout the world, Mazahir Uloom, Saharanpur is the second known Deobandi madrassa in India, which produced the scholars like Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhlawi. Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi's established Madrasa Shahi, Moradabad, the alma of scholars like Mufti Mahmud and Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi has its position. Darul Uloom Karachi, founded by Mufti Shafi Usmani, Jamia Binoria and Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia in Pakistani are top Deobandi institutions there. Darul Uloom Bury, Holcombe, established by Yusuf Motala during 1970s is the first Deobandi madrassa of the West In South Africa, Darul Ulum Newcastle, was founded in 1971 by Cassim Mohammed Sema and Dar al-Ulum Zakariyya in Lenasia, Madrasah In'aamiyyah, Camperdown is known for its Dar al-Iftaa (Department of Fatwa Research and Training) which runs the popular online fatwa service, Askimam.org. Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam is the first established Deobandi madrassa in Bangladesh, which produced the scholars like Shah Ahmad Shafi, Junaid Babunagari. Al-Rashid Islamic Institute, Ontario, Canada, Darul Uloom Al-Madania in Buffalo, New York, Jamiah Darul Uloom Zahedan in Iran and Darul Uloom Raheemiyyah are some top Deobandi institutions.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: David Andrew Warner (born 27 October 1986) is an Australian international cricketer and a former captain of the Australian national team in limited overs format and also a former test vice-captain. A left-handed opening batsman, Warner is the first Australian cricketer in 132 years to be selected for a national team in any format without experience in first-class cricket. He is considered as one of the best batters of the current era. He plays for New South Wales and played for the Sydney Thunder in domestic cricket.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: In January 2017, he became the fourth player to win the Allan Border Medal more than once and also win the award in consecutive years.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: On 28 September 2017, he played in his 100th ODI and became the first batsman for Australia and 8th batsman overall to score a century in his 100th ODI.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: In March 2018, following a preliminary investigation into ball tampering by the Australian team in the third match of their Test series against South Africa, he was suspended, charged with bringing the game into disrepute. Following a board meeting on 28 March 2018, Cricket Australia banned Warner from all international and domestic cricket in Australia for one year, and from any leadership positions permanently.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: In November 2019, Warner scored the second-highest individual score by any Australian Test batsman with 335 not out against Pakistan, becoming the second man to score a test match triple century against Pakistan after Sir Garfield Sobers who scored 365 not out against them at Sabina Park in Jamaica, English West Indies. Warner was a prominent member of the victorious Australian squad that won the 2021 T20 World Cup and was declared as the "Player of the Tournament" as a result of his performances in the tournament.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: David Warner was born on 27 October 1986 in Paddington, a suburb in eastern Sydney. At the age of 13 he was asked by his coach to switch to right-handed batting because he kept hitting the ball in the air. However his mother, Lorraine Warner (née Orange), encouraged him to return to batting left-handed and he broke the under-16's run-scoring record for the Sydney Coastal Cricket Club. He then made his first grade debut for the Eastern Suburbs club at the age of 15 and later toured Sri Lanka with the Australian under-19s and earned a rookie contract with the state team. Warner attended Matraville Public School and Randwick Boys High School.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: On 29 November 2008, Warner hit his first domestic One Day century for New South Wales with a score of 165* against Tasmania at Hurstville Oval in Sydney. This knock got him the record of the highest one day score by a Blues player. In the reverse fixture at Hobart, he backed it up with a 54-ball 97 to narrowly miss the record for the fastest ever century in Australian domestic cricket.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: Warner made his first-class debut playing for New South Wales against Western Australia in the final match of the 2008–09 Sheffield Shield season at the Sydney Cricket Ground on 5–8 March 2009. Batting only once and coming in at number six in the batting order, Warner scored 42 runs off 48 deliveries.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: While playing for New South Wales, Warner broke the record for the highest Australian one-day domestic score. His score of 197 came off just 141 balls and included 20 fours and 10 sixes, surpassing Jimmy Maher's previous record of 187.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: Warner made a record in KFC Twenty20 Big Bash by completing his half century in 18 balls against Tasmania. The earlier record was held by George Bailey, who completed his half century in 19 balls.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: In the first season of the newly re-vamped Big Bash League, Warner was named as captain for the Sydney Thunder and in his first match for the Thunder scored 102 not out off just 51 balls with a strike rate of 200 runs per 100 balls. Warner played for Sydney Sixers in 2012–13 season.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: Warner has been one of the most successful batsmen in the Indian Premier League. He has won the Orange Cap three times and has scored over 5000 runs.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: Warner was signed by Delhi Daredevils for the 2009–10 seasons. During the 2009 tournament which was played in South Africa, Warner played seven games, scoring 163 runs at an average of 23.28 and with a strike-rate of 123.48. His top score was 51.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: On 7 October 2011, Warner became the first cricketer to score consecutive Twenty20 hundreds, when he followed up an unbeaten 135 against Chennai Super Kings with an unbeaten 123 against Royal Challengers Bangalore. Both matches were in the Champions League.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: Following the 2014 IPL auction, he was contracted by Sunrisers Hyderabad for US$880,000. In 2015, he was appointed captain of the Sunrisers Hyderabad. Warner ended the season as the tournament's leading run scorer, rewarding him with the Orange cap, although SRH narrowly missed out on reaching the knock-out phase.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: He was chosen to continue leading the team for a second season in 2016, in which he led the team to its first championship with 69 runs off 38 balls in the final against Royal Challengers Bangalore. Warner finished the season with 848 runs, the second highest in the tournament.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: In 2017, Warner scored 126 runs against the Kolkata Knight Riders to break his previous career high of 109*. This also marked his third century in the IPL. He finished the season as the leading run scorer, and was awarded with the Orange cap for the second time. He finished the season with 641 runs and at an average of 58.27.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: For the 2018 IPL season, Warner was retained and appointed captain by Sunrisers Hyderabad, but he stepped down as captain following the events of ball tampering in South Africa. The BCCI later announced that Warner would not be allowed to play in the 2018 IPL season.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: For the 2019 IPL season, Warner returned to Sunrisers Hyderabad. In his first match after the one-year ban he scored 85 runs off 53 balls against Kolkata Knight Riders but ended up on the losing side. Two days later, Warner scored 100* runs off 55 balls against Royal Challengers Bangalore in a 118 run victory which was his fourth IPL century. He finished the season as the leading run scorer with 692 runs at an average of 69.20, and was awarded with the Orange Cap for the third time. He left the team early after playing 12 matches due to Australia's World Cup preparations.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: On 27 February 2020, Warner was reinstated as captain of the Sunrisers Hyderabad replacing Kane Williamson. On 18 October, Warner became the first overseas player and fourth overall to complete 5000 runs in the IPL after scoring 47* off 33 balls in a super over loss against Kolkata Knight Riders, he also became the fastest player to 5000 runs achieving the milestone in 135 innings. He finished the tournament with 548 runs and narrowly missed out on reaching the finals after a defeat against Delhi Capitals in the second qualifier.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: In the 2021 IPL season, on 1 May 2021, Warner was replaced by Kane Williamson as captain after Sunrisers Hyderabad managed to win only one out of their first six matches. In the second leg of the tournament in UAE, Warner was dropped from the team after two matches. He later commented on social media platform Instagram that he would no long be part of the team for the remainder of the season. Sunrisers Hyderabad's assistant coach at that time Brad Haddin later revealed that the decision to drop him was not a cricket decision.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: After Sunrisers Hyderabad chose not to retain Warner, he entered the 2022 IPL auction with a base price of ₹2 crores as one of the marquee players. In the auction, he was bought by Delhi Capitals for ₹6.25 crores. Warner, who is playing his first game against SRH since he was released by the franchise ahead of the 2022 edition of the tournament, also reached his 89th half-century in T20, which is now a world record. He finished as the top run getter for the Capitals with 432 runs, his side missed out on the playoffs after facing a defeat against Mumbai Indians in their final league phase match.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: He contracted with Sylhet Sixers for the 2019 edition of Bangladesh Premier League. On 3 June 2018, he was selected to play for the Winnipeg Hawks in the players' draft for the inaugural edition of the Global T20 Canada tournament, then on 5 July 2018 it was announced that he would be the captain to replace Dwayne Bravo due to injury.


title: David Warner (cricketer)

text: Warner made his international debut for Australia in a Twenty20 International against South Africa at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 11 January 2009. Warner was the first man since 1877 to represent Australia without having played in a first-class match. He made an immediate impact, scoring 89 off 43 balls with 7 fours and 6 sixes, including the then second-fastest fifty in Twenty20 International history. His 89 was the second highest score on Twenty20 international debut.