Linux is a cryptic labyrinth of directories defined my Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS). Learn the purpose of the most common Linux directories in 100 seconds https://fireship.io/tags/linux/ 

00:00 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
00:10 /
00:15 /bin
00:30 /sbin
00:38 /lib
00:42 /usr/bin
00:54 /usr/local/bin
01:05 PATH
01:20 /etc
01:34 /home
01:58 /boot
02:02 /dev
02:12 /opt
02:17 /var
02:24 /tmp
02:29 /proc

#linux #dev #100SecondsOfCode

Linux https://fireship.io/tags/linux/
FHS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard

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30089e05-99d1-4376-b32e-c263170674af
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The Linux file system.
It's a cryptic labyrinth of directories defined by the file system hierarchy standard.
Navigate through it with the change directory command.
Cd forward slash drops you into the root.
Then with the ls command, we can list out the contents of this directory.
First, we have the bin directory, which contains binaries or executables that are essential to the entire operating system.
You can run these binaries from the command line at any time.
Things like gzip, curl, and even the ls command that we just ran.
But confusingly, there's also an sbin directory.
It contains system binaries that should only be executed by the root user, like mount or delete user.
Many of these binaries may share common libraries, which are stored in the lib directory.
Now we also have a usruserdirectory with its own bin and sbin directories.
The binaries or applications here are nonessential to the operating system itself and intended for the end user.
You'll also notice a local directory under user.
It contains any binaries that you compile manually to provide a safe place that won't conflict with any software installed by a system package manager.
All these binaries get mapped together with the path environment variable, and that's why you can execute them from any directory in the terminal.
If you ever wanna know where a binary lives, run which followed by the binary name to view its full path in the file system.
Now at some point, you may want to customize the behavior of the software on your system.
The etc directory stands for etcetera, for editable text configuration.
Many of these files end in dotcom, and they're typically just text based config files that you can modify in your editor.
As an operating system, Linux can support multiple users.
In the home directory, you'll find a folder named after each user registered on the system.
It contains the files configuration and software for that user and you need to be login as that user or as a root user to modify it.
Notice how the file path is a squiggly.
That's your normal starting location when you open up a terminal session.
Now Now let's go back to the root.
There are a few more directories here that we haven't talked about yet, like boot.
It contains the files needed to boot the system, like the Linux kernel itself.
Then we have dev, which stands for device files.
Here, you can interface with hardware or drivers as if they were regular files.
You might create of disk partitions here or interface with your floppy drive.
The off directory contains optional or add on software and you'll rarely interact with it.
Var contains variable files that will change as the operating system is being used, things like logs and cache files.
10th is for temporary files that won't be persisted between reboots.
And finally, we have the weirdest one of all.
The proc directory is an illusionary file system that doesn't actually exist on the disk, but is created in memory on the fly by the Linux kernel to keep track of running processes.
This has been the Linux File System in 100 seconds.
If you wanna in more short videos like this, hit the like button, and let me know what you wanna see next in the comments.
Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.

Speaker 0: The Linux file system. It's a cryptic labyrinth of directories defined by the file system hierarchy standard. Navigate through it with the change directory command. Cd forward slash drops you into the root. Then with the ls command, we can list out the contents of this directory.

First, we have the bin directory, which contains binaries or executables that are essential to the entire operating system. You can run these binaries from the command line at any time. Things like gzip, curl, and even the ls command that we just ran. But confusingly, there's also an sbin directory. It contains system binaries that should only be executed by the root user, like mount or delete user.

Many of these binaries may share common libraries, which are stored in the lib directory. Now we also have a usruserdirectory with its own bin and sbin directories. The binaries or applications here are nonessential to the operating system itself and intended for the end user. You'll also notice a local directory under user. It contains any binaries that you compile manually to provide a safe place that won't conflict with any software installed by a system package manager.

All these binaries get mapped together with the path environment variable, and that's why you can execute them from any directory in the terminal. If you ever wanna know where a binary lives, run which followed by the binary name to view its full path in the file system. Now at some point, you may want to customize the behavior of the software on your system. The etc directory stands for etcetera, for editable text configuration. Many of these files end in dotcom, and they're typically just text based config files that you can modify in your editor.

As an operating system, Linux can support multiple users. In the home directory, you'll find a folder named after each user registered on the system. It contains the files configuration and software for that user and you need to be login as that user or as a root user to modify it. Notice how the file path is a squiggly. That's your normal starting location when you open up a terminal session.

Now Now let's go back to the root. There are a few more directories here that we haven't talked about yet, like boot. It contains the files needed to boot the system, like the Linux kernel itself. Then we have dev, which stands for device files. Here, you can interface with hardware or drivers as if they were regular files.

You might create of disk partitions here or interface with your floppy drive. The off directory contains optional or add on software and you'll rarely interact with it. Var contains variable files that will change as the operating system is being used, things like logs and cache files. 10th is for temporary files that won't be persisted between reboots. And finally, we have the weirdest one of all.

The proc directory is an illusionary file system that doesn't actually exist on the disk, but is created in memory on the fly by the Linux kernel to keep track of running processes. This has been the Linux File System in 100 seconds. If you wanna in more short videos like this, hit the like button, and let me know what you wanna see next in the comments. Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
The Linux file system. It's a cryptic labyrinth of directories defined by the file system hierarchy standard. Navigate through it with the change directory command. Cd forward slash drops you into the root. Then with the ls command, we can list out the contents of this directory. First, we have the bin directory, which contains binaries or executables that are essential to the entire operating system.
You can run these binaries from the command line at any time. Things like gzip, curl, and even the ls command that we just ran. But confusingly, there's also an sbin directory. It contains system binaries that should only be executed by the root user, like mount or delete user.
software
Many of these binaries may share common libraries, which are stored in the lib directory. Now we also have a usruserdirectory with its own bin and sbin directories.
The binaries or applications here are nonessential to the operating system itself and intended for the end user. You'll also notice a local directory under user. It contains any binaries that you compile manually to provide a safe place that won't conflict with any software installed by a system package manager. All these binaries get mapped together with the path environment variable, and that's why you can execute them from any directory in the terminal. If you ever wanna know where a binary lives, run which followed by the binary name to view its full path in the file system. Now at some point, you may want to customize the behavior of the software on your system. The etc directory stands for etcetera, for editable text configuration. Many of these files end in dotcom, and they're typically just text based config files that you can modify in your editor. As an operating system, Linux can support multiple users.
software
software development
In the home directory, you'll find a folder named after each user registered on the system. It contains the files configuration and software for that user and you need to be login as that user or as a root user to modify it. Notice how the file path is a squiggly. That's your normal starting location when you open up a terminal session. Now Now let's go back to the root. There are a few more directories here that we haven't talked about yet, like boot. It contains the files needed to boot the system, like the Linux kernel itself. Then we have dev, which stands for device files. Here, you can interface with hardware or drivers as if they were regular files. You might create of disk partitions here or interface with your floppy drive. The off directory contains optional or add on software and you'll rarely interact with it. Var contains variable files that will change as the operating system is being used, things like logs and cache files. 10th is for temporary files that won't be persisted between reboots. And finally, we have the weirdest one of all. The proc directory is an illusionary file system that doesn't actually exist on the disk, but is created in memory on the fly by the Linux kernel to keep track of running processes. This has been the Linux File System in 100 seconds. If you wanna in more short videos like this, hit the like button, and let me know what you wanna see next in the comments. Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
The Linux file system. It's a cryptic labyrinth of directories defined by the file system hierarchy standard. Navigate through it with the change directory command. Cd forward slash drops you into the root. Then with the ls command, we can list out the contents of this directory. First, we have the bin directory, which contains binaries or executables that are essential to the entire operating system. You can run these binaries from the command line at any time. Things like gzip, curl, and even the ls command that we just ran. But confusingly, there's also an sbin directory. It contains system binaries that should only be executed by the root user, like mount or delete user. Many of these binaries may share common libraries, which are stored in the lib directory. Now we also have a usruserdirectory with its own bin and sbin directories. The binaries or applications here are nonessential to the operating system itself and intended for the end user. You'll also notice a local directory under user. It contains any binaries that you compile manually to provide a safe place that won't conflict with any software installed by a system package manager. All these binaries get mapped together with the path environment variable, and that's why you can execute them from any directory in the terminal. If you ever wanna know where a binary lives, run which followed by the binary name to view its full path in the file system. Now at some point, you may want to customize the behavior of the software on your system. The etc directory stands for etcetera, for editable text configuration. Many of these files end in dotcom, and they're typically just text based config files that you can modify in your editor. As an operating system, Linux can support multiple users. In the home directory, you'll find a folder named after each user registered on the system. It contains the files configuration and software for that user and you need to be login as that user or as a root user to modify it. Notice how the file path is a squiggly. That's your normal starting location when you open up a terminal session. Now Now let's go back to the root. There are a few more directories here that we haven't talked about yet, like boot. It contains the files needed to boot the system, like the Linux kernel itself. Then we have dev, which stands for device files. Here, you can interface with hardware or drivers as if they were regular files. You might create of disk partitions here or interface with your floppy drive. The off directory contains optional or add on software and you'll rarely interact with it. Var contains variable files that will change as the operating system is being used, things like logs and cache files. 10th is for temporary files that won't be persisted between reboots. And finally, we have the weirdest one of all. The proc directory is an illusionary file system that doesn't actually exist on the disk, but is created in memory on the fly by the Linux kernel to keep track of running processes. This has been the Linux File System in 100 seconds. If you wanna in more short videos like this, hit the like button, and let me know what you wanna see next in the comments. Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
The
the
Linux
linux
file
file
system.
system
It's
it's
a
a
cryptic
cryptic
labyrinth
labyrinth
of
of
directories
directories
defined
defined
by
by
the
the
file
file
system
system
hierarchy
hierarchy
standard.
standard
Navigate
navigate
through
through
it
it
with
with
the
the
change
change
directory
directory
command.
command
Cd
cd
forward
forward
slash
slash
drops
drops
you
you
into
into
the
the
root.
root
Then
then
with
with
the
the
ls
ls
command,
command
we
we
can
can
list
list
out
out
the
the
contents
contents
of
of
this
this
directory.
directory
First,
first
we
we
have
have
the
the
bin
bin
directory,
directory
which
which
contains
contains
binaries
binaries
or
or
executables
executables
that
that
are
are
essential
essential
to
to
the
the
entire
entire
operating
operating
system.
system
You
you
can
can
run
run
these
these
binaries
binaries
from
from
the
the
command
command
line
line
at
at
any
any
time.
time
Things
things
like
like
gzip,
gzip
curl,
curl
and
and
even
even
the
the
ls
ls
command
command
that
that
we
we
just
just
ran.
ran
But
but
confusingly,
confusingly
there's
there's
also
also
an
an
sbin
sbin
directory.
directory
It
it
contains
contains
system
system
binaries
binaries
that
that
should
should
only
only
be
be
executed
executed
by
by
the
the
root
root
user,
user
like
like
mount
mount
or
or
delete
delete
user.
user
Many
many
of
of
these
these
binaries
binaries
may
may
share
share
common
common
libraries,
libraries
which
which
are
are
stored
stored
in
in
the
the
lib
lib
directory.
directory
Now
now
we
we
also
also
have
have
a
a
usruserdirectory
usruserdirectory
with
with
its
its
own
own
bin
bin
and
and
sbin
sbin
directories.
directories
The
the
binaries
binaries
or
or
applications
applications
here
here
are
are
nonessential
nonessential
to
to
the
the
operating
operating
system
system
itself
itself
and
and
intended
intended
for
for
the
the
end
end
user.
user
You'll
you'll
also
also
notice
notice
a
a
local
local
directory
directory
under
under
user.
user
It
it
contains
contains
any
any
binaries
binaries
that
that
you
you
compile
compile
manually
manually
to
to
provide
provide
a
a
safe
safe
place
place
that
that
won't
won't
conflict
conflict
with
with
any
any
software
software
installed
installed
by
by
a
a
system
system
package
package
manager.
manager
All
all
these
these
binaries
binaries
get
get
mapped
mapped
together
together
with
with
the
the
path
path
environment
environment
variable,
variable
and
and
that's
that's
why
why
you
you
can
can
execute
execute
them
them
from
from
any
any
directory
directory
in
in
the
the
terminal.
terminal
If
if
you
you
ever
ever
wanna
wanna
know
know
where
where
a
a
binary
binary
lives,
lives
run
run
which
which
followed
followed
by
by
the
the
binary
binary
name
name
to
to
view
view
its
its
full
full
path
path
in
in
the
the
file
file
system.
system
Now
now
at
at
some
some
point,
point
you
you
may
may
want
want
to
to
customize
customize
the
the
behavior
behavior
of
of
the
the
software
software
on
on
your
your
system.
system
The
the
etc
etc
directory
directory
stands
stands
for
for
etcetera,
etcetera
for
for
editable
editable
text
text
configuration.
configuration
Many
many
of
of
these
these
files
files
end
end
in
in
dotcom,
dotcom
and
and
they're
they're
typically
typically
just
just
text
text
based
based
config
config
files
files
that
that
you
you
can
can
modify
modify
in
in
your
your
editor.
editor
As
as
an
an
operating
operating
system,
system
Linux
linux
can
can
support
support
multiple
multiple
users.
users
In
in
the
the
home
home
directory,
directory
you'll
you'll
find
find
a
a
folder
folder
named
named
after
after
each
each
user
user
registered
registered
on
on
the
the
system.
system
It
it
contains
contains
the
the
files
files
configuration
configuration
and
and
software
software
for
for
that
that
user
user
and
and
you
you
need
need
to
to
be
be
login
login
as
as
that
that
user
user
or
or
as
as
a
a
root
root
user
user
to
to
modify
modify
it.
it
Notice
notice
how
how
the
the
file
file
path
path
is
is
a
a
squiggly.
squiggly
That's
that's
your
your
normal
normal
starting
starting
location
location
when
when
you
you
open
open
up
up
a
a
terminal
terminal
session.
session
Now
now
Now
now
let's
let's
go
go
back
back
to
to
the
the
root.
root
There
there
are
are
a
a
few
few
more
more
directories
directories
here
here
that
that
we
we
haven't
haven't
talked
talked
about
about
yet,
yet
like
like
boot.
boot
It
it
contains
contains
the
the
files
files
needed
needed
to
to
boot
boot
the
the
system,
system
like
like
the
the
Linux
linux
kernel
kernel
itself.
itself
Then
then
we
we
have
have
dev,
dev
which
which
stands
stands
for
for
device
device
files.
files
Here,
here
you
you
can
can
interface
interface
with
with
hardware
hardware
or
or
drivers
drivers
as
as
if
if
they
they
were
were
regular
regular
files.
files
You
you
might
might
create
create
of
of
disk
disk
partitions
partitions
here
here
or
or
interface
interface
with
with
your
your
floppy
floppy
drive.
drive
The
the
off
off
directory
directory
contains
contains
optional
optional
or
or
add
add
on
on
software
software
and
and
you'll
you'll
rarely
rarely
interact
interact
with
with
it.
it
Var
var
contains
contains
variable
variable
files
files
that
that
will
will
change
change
as
as
the
the
operating
operating
system
system
is
is
being
being
used,
used
things
things
like
like
logs
logs
and
and
cache
cache
files.
files
10th
10th
is
is
for
for
temporary
temporary
files
files
that
that
won't
won't
be
be
persisted
persisted
between
between
reboots.
reboots
And
and
finally,
finally
we
we
have
have
the
the
weirdest
weirdest
one
one
of
of
all.
all
The
the
proc
proc
directory
directory
is
is
an
an
illusionary
illusionary
file
file
system
system
that
that
doesn't
doesn't
actually
actually
exist
exist
on
on
the
the
disk,
disk
but
but
is
is
created
created
in
in
memory
memory
on
on
the
the
fly
fly
by
by
the
the
Linux
linux
kernel
kernel
to
to
keep
keep
track
track
of
of
running
running
processes.
processes
This
this
has
has
been
been
the
the
Linux
linux
File
file
System
system
in
in
100
100
seconds.
seconds
If
if
you
you
wanna
wanna
in
in
more
more
short
short
videos
videos
like
like
this,
this
hit
hit
the
the
like
like
button,
button
and
and
let
let
me
me
know
know
what
what
you
you
wanna
wanna
see
see
next
next
in
in
the
the
comments.
comments
Thanks
thanks
for
for
watching,
watching
and
and
I
i
will
will
see
see
you
you
in
in
the
the
next
next
one.
one
success
The speaker explains the Linux file system, including the directory and a usruser directories. They also mention the etc directory, which contains file configuration and software for a specific user. The directory is a general starting point for Linux machines and is used for updating software. The file system supports multiple users and is the Linux Linux file system in 100 seconds.
Linux Directories Explained in 100 Seconds
The Linux file system. It's a cryptic labyrinth of directories defined by the file system hierarchy standard. Navigate through it with the change directory command. Cd forward slash drops you into the root. Then with the ls command, we can list out the contents of this directory. First, we have the bin directory, which contains binaries or executables that are essential to the entire operating system. You can run these binaries from the command line at any time. Things like gzip, curl, and even the ls command that we just ran. But confusingly, there's also an sbin directory. It contains system binaries that should only be executed by the root user, like mount or delete user. Many of these binaries may share common libraries, which are stored in the lib directory. Now we also have a usruserdirectory with its own bin and sbin directories. The binaries or applications here are nonessential to the operating system itself and intended for the end user. You'll also notice a local directory under user. It contains any binaries that you compile manually to provide a safe place that won't conflict with any software installed by a system package manager. All these binaries get mapped together with the path environment variable, and that's why you can execute them from any directory in the terminal. If you ever wanna know where a binary lives, run which followed by the binary name to view its full path in the file system. Now at some point, you may want to customize the behavior of the software on your system. The etc directory stands for etcetera, for editable text configuration. Many of these files end in dotcom, and they're typically just text based config files that you can modify in your editor. As an operating system, Linux can support multiple users. In the home directory, you'll find a folder named after each user registered on the system. It contains the files configuration and software for that user and you need to be login as that user or as a root user to modify it. Notice how the file path is a squiggly. That's your normal starting location when you open up a terminal session. Now Now let's go back to the root. There are a few more directories here that we haven't talked about yet, like boot. It contains the files needed to boot the system, like the Linux kernel itself. Then we have dev, which stands for device files. Here, you can interface with hardware or drivers as if they were regular files. You might create of disk partitions here or interface with your floppy drive. The off directory contains optional or add on software and you'll rarely interact with it. Var contains variable files that will change as the operating system is being used, things like logs and cache files. 10th is for temporary files that won't be persisted between reboots. And finally, we have the weirdest one of all. The proc directory is an illusionary file system that doesn't actually exist on the disk, but is created in memory on the fly by the Linux kernel to keep track of running processes. This has been the Linux File System in 100 seconds. If you wanna in more short videos like this, hit the like button, and let me know what you wanna see next in the comments. Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
The speaker explains the Linux file system, including the directory and a usruser directories. They also mention the etc directory, which contains file configuration and software for a specific user. The directory is a general starting point for Linux machines and is used for updating software. The file system supports multiple users and is the Linux Linux file system in 100 seconds.