 He served as Defense and Security Committee Chairman of the Georgian Parliament from 2004 to 2010, a period marked by tensions with Russia and a brief 2008 war over the breakaway province of South Ossetia.On 5 October 2012, the Russian channel NTV aired a documentary titled "Anatomy Of A Protest 2", which claimed to show secret footage of Targamadze meeting with Russian opposition activists Sergei Udaltsov and Leonid Razvozzhayev to plot the overthrow of President Vladimir Putin.Targamadze and Udaltsov both claimed that the documentary had been faked.