 In 2015, after claiming that a tetanus vaccine contained a contraceptive, a group of Kenyan Catholic bishops called on their followers to boycott a planned round of polio vaccination.This did not have a major effect on vaccination rates, and dialog along with vaccine testing forestalled further boycott calls.Other religion-inspired refusals arise from concerns over whether the virus contains pig-derived products, and hence are "haram" (forbidden) in Islam, prohibitions against taking of animal life that may be required for vaccine production, or a resistance to interfering with disease processes perceived to be divinely-directed.