 TRPV1 antagonists have shown efficacy in reducing nociception from inflammatory and neuropathic pain models in rats.This provides evidence that TRPV1 is capsaicin's sole receptor  In humans, drugs acting at TRPV1 receptors could be used to treat neuropathic pain associated with multiple sclerosis, chemotherapy, or amputation, as well as pain associated with the inflammatory response of damaged tissue, such as in osteoarthritis.These drugs can affect body temperature (hyperthermia) which is a challenge to therapeutic application.