 This case was one of four supported by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) that challenged the Texas Democratic Party's all-white primary, which was finally prohibited in the Supreme Court ruling "Smith v. Allwright" in 1944.In 1902 the Texas legislature passed a requirement for a poll tax, which resulted in the suppressed voting by black and Mexican Americans.As voter participation by these groups declined, the Democratic Party became more dominant.