 After World War II, he served on the Committee for the Marshall Plan.In the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, he struggled with student dissent (e.g., over conscriptions) and McCarthy-style accusations from the newspapers controlled by William Randolph Hearst about "communist influence" on campuses.Perhaps the biggest controversy during his presidency came in 1949 over a special non-Communist oath required of faculty by the Regents of the University of California, known as the "Year of the Oath."