 Another criticism that has been made is that Markov models of language, including "n"-gram models, do not explicitly capture the performance/competence distinction.This is because "n"-gram models are not designed to model linguistic knowledge as such, and make no claims to being (even potentially) complete models of linguistic knowledge; instead, they are used in practical applications.In practice, "n"-gram models have been shown to be extremely effective in modeling language data, which is a core component in modern statistical language applications.