 At best, Levi viewed Rumkowski as morally ambiguous and self deluded.Hannah Arendt, in her book "Eichmann in Jerusalem", placed Rumkowski's egotism at the low end of the spectrum of wartime ghetto leadership examples.Professor Yehuda Bauer points out that if the Russians had continued their summer offensive in 1944, Lodz would have been the only ghetto to be liberated with a significant amount of its inhabitants still alive, and Rumkowski might be remembered in a very different light.