 From 1924 until 1934, he was the People's Commissar (i.e., minister) for transportation.In 1926, Rudzutaks was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (the equivalent of Deputy Premier) and held this position until 1937.In January 1926, he was made a candidate member of the Politburo, and in July, was raised to full membership in place of Grigory Zinoviev, who was expelled as a member of the left opposition.