 Primer-design techniques are important in improving PCR product yield and in avoiding the formation of spurious products, and the usage of alternate buffer components or polymerase enzymes can help with amplification of long or otherwise problematic regions of DNA.Addition of reagents, such as formamide, in buffer systems may increase the specificity and yield of PCR.Computer simulations of theoretical PCR results (Electronic PCR) may be performed to assist in primer design.