 By applying the Markov property, the conditional probability distribution of the hidden variable "x"("t") at time "t", given the values of the hidden variable "x" at all times, depends "only" on the value of the hidden variable "x"("t" − 1).Similarly, the value of the observed variable "y"("t") only depends on the value of the hidden variable "x"("t") (both at time "t").An artificial neural network (ANN) is based on a collection of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in a biological brain.